Dementia-Related Emotional And Mood Disturbance Non-Pharmacological Treatment Ontology (DREAMDNPTO)
type: Ontology
creator: Zhenyu Zhang
date: 01/06/2022
License: This ontology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA International 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/license/by-nc-sa/4.0/
comment: This ontology represents the domain knowledge specific to non-pharmacological treatment of emotional and mood disturbances (including depression, apathy, anxiety, and euphoria in dementia) in people with dementia living in the long-term care setting.
version info: v1.0
note: This version contains all concepts and their relationships extracted from selected articles; contains classes adopted from psychotic symptom ontoloyg; has passed the reasoner and OOPS! evaluation; contains concepts from 1000 health records of people with dementia; and additional 100 health records for assessing the concept(term) saturation; contains concepts from domain experts. It has passed the domain expert evaluation.

Creator
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A person primarily responsible for making the resource.

Date
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource.

License
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource.

Source
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A related resource from which the described resource is derived.

Title
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A name given to the resource.

Abbreviation
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A shortened form of a word or phrase. From U.S. National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute Thesaurus.

Cross Reference
type: AnnotationProperty
Synonym: Xref
definition: A notation or direction at one place to pertinent information at another place.

Synonym
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A word having the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or other words in a language; a word or an expression that serves as a figurative or symbolic substitute for another. from U.S. National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute Thesaurus.

umls:cui
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: A property representing the concept unique identifier (CUI) assigned by the U.S. National Library of Medicine. CUI is used for a metachesaurus concept to which strings with teh same meaning are linked.

Definition
type: AnnotationProperty
Source: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core
definition: A statement or formal explanation of the meaning of a term or concept.

Note
type: AnnotationProperty
Source: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core
definition: A general note, for any purpose.

affects implementation of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is affected by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention 'affects implementation of' Nonpharmacological Intervention.

assesses
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is assessed by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'assesses' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

assists
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is assisted by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Volunteer
range: Person
comment: The relationship - Volunteer 'assists' Person.

cares for
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is cared by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Health Care Professional
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Health Care Professional 'cares for' Care Recipient.

causes
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is caused by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Causative Factors of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'causes' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

conducts
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is conducted by
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person 'conducts' Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has anxiety in dementia
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has emotional and mood disturbance
inverse of: is anxiety in dementia of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Anxiety in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has anxiety in dementia' Anxiety in Dementia.

has apathy in dementia
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has emotional and mood disturbance
inverse of: is apathy in dementia of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Apathy in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has apathy in dementia' Apathy in Dementia.

has background
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is background of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Background of Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'has background' Background of Care Recipient.

has care goal
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is care goal of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Health Care Professional
range: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Health Care Professional 'has care goal' Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has communication skill
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is communication skill of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Health Care Professional
range: Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Health Care Professional 'has communication skill' Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia.

has delivery mode
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is delivery mode of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Nonpharmacological Intervention 'has delivery mode' Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention.

has dementia
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is dementia of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has dementia' Dementia.

has depression in dementia
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has emotional and mood disturbance
inverse of: is depression in dementia of
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Depression in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has depression in dementia' Depression in Dementia.

has duration
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has feature
inverse of: is duration of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: The relationship - Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'has duration' Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance.

has effect
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is effect of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has effect' Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has effectiveness level
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is effectiveness level of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Nonpharmacological Intervention "has effectiveness level" Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention .

has emotional and mood disturbance
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is emotional and mood disturbance of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has emotional and mood disturbance' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has euphoria in dementia
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has emotional and mood disturbance
inverse of: is euphoria in dementia of
domain: Person with Dementia
range: Euphoria in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia 'has euphoria in dementia' Euphoria in Dementia.

has family member
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is family member of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Family Member
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'has family member' Family Member.

has feature
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is feature of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has feature' Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has frequency
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has feature
inverse of: is frequency of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Frequency of Manifestation Of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: The relationship - Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has frequency' Frequency of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance.

has friend
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is friend of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Friend
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'has friend' Friend.

has interpreter
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is interpreter of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Interpreter
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'has interpreter' Interpreter.

has legal representative
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is legal representative of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Legal Representative
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'has legal representative' Legal Representative.

has location
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has feature
inverse of: is location of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: The relationship - Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has location' Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance.

has manifestation
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is manifestation of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has manifestation' Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has outcome
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is outcome of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Intervention
range: Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Intervention 'has outcome' Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

has stage
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is stage of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Dementia
range: Stage Of Dementia
comment: The relationship - Dementia 'has stage' Stage of Dementia.

has target person
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is target person of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Person
comment: The relationship - Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has target person' Person.

has time
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: is time of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Class
  union of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
  union of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Time
comment: The relationship - Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia or Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'has time' Time.

is affected by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Nonpharmacological Intervention 'is affected by' Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention.

is anxiety in dementia of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is emotional and mood disturbance of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Anxiety in Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Anxiety in Dementia 'is anxiety in dementia of' Person with Dementia.

is apathy in dementia of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is emotional and mood disturbance of
domain: Apathy in Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Apathy in Dementia 'is apathy in dementia of' Person with Dementia.

is assessed by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is assessed by' Assessment Tool of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is assisted by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Volunteer
comment: The relationship - Person 'is assisted by' Volunteer.

is background of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Background of Care Recipient
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Background of Care Recipient 'is background of' Care Recipient.

is care goal of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Health Care Professional
comment: The relationship - Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is Care Goal Of' Health Care Professional.

is cared by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Care Recipient
range: Health Care Professional
comment: The relationship - Care Recipient 'is cared by' Health Care Professional.

is caused by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is caused by' Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia .

is communication skill of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
range: Health Care Professional
comment: The relationship - Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia 'is communication skill of' Health Care Professional.

is conducted by
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Person
comment: The relationship - Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is conducted by' Person.

is delivery mode of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Deliery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention 'is delivery mode of' Nonpharmacological Intervention.

is dementia of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Dementia 'is dementia of' Person with Dementia.

is depression in dementia of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is emotional and mood disturbance of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Depression in Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Depression in Dementia 'is depression in dementia of' Person with Dementia.

is duration of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is feature of
domain: Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
range: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'is duration of' Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is effect of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is effect of' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is effectiveness level of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
range: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The relationship - Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention 'is effectiveness level of' Nonpharmacological Intervention.

is emotional and mood disturbance of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is emotional and mood disturbance of' Person with Dementia.

is euphoria in dementia of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is emotional and mood disturbance of
domain: Euphoria in Dementia
range: Person with Dementia
comment: The relationship - Euphoria in Dementia 'is euphoria in dementia of' Person with Dementia.

is family member of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Family Member
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Family Member 'is family member of' Care Recipient.

is feature of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'is feature of' Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is frequency of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is feature of
domain: Frequency of Manifestation Of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
range: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Frequency of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'is frequency of' Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is friend of
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Friend
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Friend 'is friend of' Care Recipient.

is interpreter of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Interpreter
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Interpreter 'is interpreter of' Care Recipient.

is legal representative of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Legal Representative
range: Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Legal Representative 'is legal representative of' Care Recipient.

is location of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: is feature of
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
range: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'is location of' Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is manifestation of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is manifestation of' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is matched by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: matches
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Background of Care Recipient
range: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
comment: The relationship - Background of Care Recipient 'is matched by' Person with Dementia Focused Intervention.

is outcome of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Intervention
comment: The relationship - Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance 'is outcome of' Intervention.

is provided by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: provides background information
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Background of Care Recipient
range: Person
comment: The relatiobship - Background of Care Recipient 'is provided by' Person.

is stage of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Stage Of Dementia
range: Dementia
comment: The relationship - Stage of Dementia 'is stage of' Dementia.

is target person of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Person 'is target person of' Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is time of
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Time
range: Class
  union of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
  union of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Time 'is time of' Management Activity of Emotional and Mood disturbance/Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

is treated by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: treats
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Intervention
comment: The relationship - Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is treated by' Intervention.

is used by
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: uses tool
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
range: Health Care Professional
comment: The relationship - Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia 'is used by' Health Care Professional.

matches
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
range: Background of Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Person with Dementia Focused Intervention 'matches' Background of Care Recipient.

provides background information
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Person
range: Background of Care Recipient
comment: The relationship - Person 'provides background information' Background of Care Recipient.

treats
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Intervention
range: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Intervention 'treats' Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

uses tool
type: ObjectProperty
type: AsymmetricProperty
domain: Health Care Professional
range: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The relationship - Health Care Professional 'uses tool' Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia.

Ability to Concentrate
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
Synonym: Concentration Ability
umls:cui: C0424098
comment: Ability of focusing all one's attention on a particular object or activity.

Ability to Identify Event
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
comment: Ability to recognize an event.

Ability to Identify Person
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
comment: Ability to recognize a person.

Ability to Identify Place
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
comment: Ability to recognize a place.

Ability to Identify Time
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
comment: Ability to recognize the time.

Ability to Make Decision
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
Synonym: Ability to Make Decisions, Decision-Making Ability
umls:cui: C1531797
comment: Mental capacity of making decisions for oneself.

Ability to Mobilise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Ability
Synonym: Mobility Ability, Ability to Mobilize
umls:cui: C0578131
comment: Ability to move freely and easily.

Ability to Perform Activity of Daily Living
type: Class
subclass of: Remaining Ability
Synonym: Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Life, Ability to Perform Activity of Daily Life
umls:cui: C0562507
definition: Ability to perform the most basic physical tasks and personal care activities independently with or without assistive device. From Nursing Outcomes Classification

Ability to Reason
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Ability
umls:cui: C0582550
comment: The ability to think, understand, and form judgements logically

Ability to Trust Someone
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
comment: The ability to placing confidence in someone.

Aboriginal Person
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Synonym: Aboriginal
umls:cui: C0935542
comment: Information about a person that if he/she is aboriginal.

Absconding
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Running Away, Wandering Off the Facility
umls:cui: C0424352
comment: The behaviour of a care recipient leaving secretly from the long-term care facility which he/she lives.

Absence of Emotional and Mood Disturbance Relevant Symptom
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Free of Emotional and Mood Disturbance Relevant Symptom
comment: Clinically relevant symptoms of emotional and mood disturbances have been absented for a sustained period and treatment can be discontinued.

Acceptance of Support
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
comment: Acceptance of support provided to a person

Active Listening
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
umls:cui: C0150122
definition: Attending closely to and attaching significance to a patient's verbal and nonverbal messages. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Active Music Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Music Therapy
Synonym: Expressive Music Therapy
definition: Active music therapy requires the person to being an active contributor and participate in playing musical instruments or singing with the music.

Activities of Daily Living Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Impaired Activities of Daily Living, Impaired Activities of Daily Life
umls:cui: C0740765
comment: The impaired activities of daily living of a person.

Acupressure
type: Class
subclass of: Massage Therapy
umls:cui: C0282614
definition: A type of massage in which finger pressure on specific body sites is used to promote healing, relieve fatigue, etc. Although the anatomical locations are the same as the acupuncture points used in acupuncture therapy, no needle or other acupuncture technique is employed in acupressure. From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed

Acute Myocardial Infarction
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: AMI
Synonym: Acute MI
umls:cui: C0155626
definition: Necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area. It is characterized by a severe and rapid onset of symptoms that may include chest pain, often radiating to the left arm and left side of the neck, dyspnea, sweating, and palpitations. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Addictive Disorder
definition: Addiction is a complex condition, a brain disease that is manifested by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequence. People with addiction (severe substane use disorder) have an intense focus on using a certain substance(s), such as alcohol or drugs, to the point that it takes over their life. From American Psychiatric Association

Administration of Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Giving Medication, Administering Medication, Drug Administration
umls:cui: C3469597
definition: The administration of a drug to a patient. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Admission to Long Term Care Facility
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Causative Factor
Synonym: Admit to Nursing Home
umls:cui: C1658399
comment: Moving to a long term care facility

Aerobic Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
Synonym: Aerobic Activity, Aerobics
umls:cui: C0001701
definition: Sustained exercise that places an increased oxygen demand on the cardiovascular system and promotes an increased efficiency of the body's use of oxygen. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Affecting Timing of Care Delivery to Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Care Recipient
Synonym: Affecting Timing of Care Delivery to Other Resident
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of person with dementia might affect the timing of care delivery to other people living in the long-term care facility.

After Breakfast
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1550743
comment: The time after breakfast.

After Dinner
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: After Supper
umls:cui: C1879671
definition: After supper or evening meal. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

After Handover Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
comment: The time after handover.

After Lunch
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1879668
definition: After lunch. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Afternoon
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C0439550
definition: The time period between noon and sunset. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Age
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C0001779
comment: Age of a person - the time elapsed since birth.

Agitation
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Agitation or Aggression in Dementia, Agitated Behavior, Feeling Agitated, Being Agitated
umls:cui: C0085631
definition: Agitated behaviour is defined as any inappropriate physical or verbal, aggressive or non-aggressive, act that is not an obvious expression of need or disorientation. From Cohen-Mansfield, Libin and Marx 2007

Alcohol Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Alcohol Problem Drinking, Alcohol Dependence
umls:cui: C0001973
definition: An addictive behavior defined as drinking excessive amounts of alcohol over a long period of time, having difficulty reducing the amount of alcohol consumed, strongly desiring alcohol and experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not drinking alcohol. From Human Phenotype Ontology

Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Hypersensitivity, Hypersensitivity Reaction
umls:cui: C0020517
definition: An allergy is an immune response or reaction to substances that are usually not harmful. From Human Phenotype Ontology

Allowing Enough Time for Responding
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
Synonym: Giving Person Adequate Time to Respond
comment: People should allow enough time for the person to respond during communication.

Alzheimer Disease Dementia Mixed Type with Cerebrovascular Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease
Synonym: Mixed Vascular Alzheimer Dementia
umls:cui: C3532942
definition: Dementia due to Alzheimer disease and concomitant cerebrovascular disease. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Mood Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: AD-RD Mood Scale
definition: The AD-RD Mood Scale is a measure of both positive and negative moods in individuals aged 55 years or older with mild to severe AD-RD. It contains 34 items in two positive subscales (spirited and contented) and three negative subscales (hostile, apathetic, and sad). From Tappen RM, Williams CL. Development and testing of the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Mood Scale. Nurs Res. 2008 Nov-Dec;57(6):426-35. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0b013e31818c3dcc. PMID: 19018217; PMCID: PMC2667280.

Amnesia
type: Class
subclass of: Memory Impairment
Synonym: Amnesia Memory Loss
umls:cui: C0002622
definition: Systematic and extensive loss or impairment of memory caused by organic or psychological factors. This may be temporary or permanent, and may involve old or recent memories. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Anaemia
type: Class
subclass of: Haematological Disease
Synonym: Anemia
umls:cui: C0002871
definition: A reduction in the number of circulating erythrocytes or in the quantity of hemoglobin. From MeSH

Anaesthesia
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Anesthesia, Absence of Sense, Sensory Loss
umls:cui: C0278134
comment: Anesthesia or anaesthesia (from Greek "without sensation") is a state of controlled, temporary loss of sensation or awareness that is induced for medical purposes.

Anger
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Feeling Angry, Angry Mood
umls:cui: C0002957
definition: A strong emotional feeling of displeasure aroused by being interfered with, injured or threatened. From MeSH

Animal Assisted Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0150133
definition: A type of therapy based on the human-animal companion bond used in an effort to assist in restoring feelings of hope, self worth, responsibility, and communication. From Psychological Index Terms

Anxiety Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Mental Disorder
umls:cui: C0003469
definition: Persistent and disabling anxiety. From MeSH

Anxiety in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is anxiety in dementia of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
definition: Emotions of people with dementia that characterized by feelings of apprehension, uneasiness or dread associated to an anticipated, actual or imagined stressor.

Anxiety of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia contribute to health care professional's anxiety.

Apathy Evaluation Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: AES
definition: Apathy evaluation scale is an 18-item scale that addresses characteristics of goal directed behaviour that reflects apathy including behavioural, cognitive, and emotional indicators.From https://www.sralab.org/rehabilitation-measures/apathy-evaluation-scale-includes-three-forms-self-informant-and-clinician

Apathy Evaluation Scale Clinician Version
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: The clinician version of Apathy Evaluation Scale that items are scored on 4-point likert scale with descriptors (not at all characteristic, slightly characteristic, somewhat characteristic, very characteristic)

Apathy Evaluation Scale Informant Version
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: AES-I
definition: The informant version of Apathy Evaluation Scale that items are scored on 4-point likert scale with descriptors (not at all charactersitic, slightly characteristic, somewhat characteristic, very characteristic)

Apathy Evaluation Scale Self Version
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: The "self" version of Apathy Evaluation Scale that items are scored on 4-point scale with decriptiors (not at all true, slightly true, somewhat true, very true".

Apathy in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is apathy in dementia of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
Synonym: Listless Mood in Dementia, Emotional Indifference in Dementia
definition: A reducation or lack of feeling, emotion, interest, or concern in people with dementia

Apathy in Dementia Nursing Home Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: APADEM-NH
Synonym: Apathy Scale for Institutionalized Patients with Dementia‐Nursing Home version
definition: The APADEM-NH (APAthy in DEMentia, Nursing Home) scale was specifically designed to measure apathy in institutionalized patients with neurode- generative dementia by considering the special characteristics of the most severe stages of the illness and the distinctiveness of the institutional environ- ment such as group-living or professional caregiving. From Krista Lanctôt, Luis Agüera-ortiz, 2013 A Novel Rating Scale for the Measurement of Apathy in Institutionalized Persons with Dementia: The APADEM-NH, The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

Apathy Inventory
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: AI
definition: Apathy Inventory (AI) assesses emotional blunting, lack of initiative, and lack of interest and also the person’s awareness of these symptoms. From Robert PH, Clairet S, Benoit M, Koutaich J, Bertogliati C, Tible O, Caci H, Borg M, Brocker P, Bedoucha P. The apathy inventory: assessment of apathy and awareness in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2002 Dec;17(12):1099-105

Aphasia
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
umls:cui: C0003537
definition: A cognitive disorder marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or express language in its written or spoken form. From MeSH

Applying Communication Skill
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The activity of applying the technique for communicating with people with dementia.

Applying Dressing to Wound
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Apply Dressing to Site
umls:cui: C1736039
comment: The intervention of applying a dressing to cover and protect a wound.

Applying Hot Pack
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Application of Hot Packs to Mulitple Areas, Applying Heat Pack
umls:cui: C5415988
comment: The intervention of applying a hot pack or hot packes to a person.

Applying Warm Blanket
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Applying Warming Blanket
umls:cui: C0509768
comment: The intervention of applying a warm blanket to a person.

Aquatic Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
umls:cui: C5544388
definition: Aquatic exercise is exercise that is performed in the water, typically in a pool. It is a low-impact activity that takes the pressure off a person's bones, joints and muscles. From Mayo Clinic

Arguing
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The expression of diverging or opposite views, typically in a heated or angry way.

Armchair Travel Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of finding out what a place or location is by watching videos, viewing posters, reading books, and so on.

Aromatherapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
umls:cui: C2985484
definition: A person who practices a type of complementary medicien called aromatherapy. This therapy uses plant oils that give off strong, pleasant smells to promote relaxation and a sense of well-being. The plant oils are usually inhaled or put on the skin using wet clothes, baths, or massage. From the U.S. National Cancer Insitute Thesaurus

Aromatherapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Synonym: Aroma Therapy
umls:cui: C0376547
definition: The use of fragrances and essences from plants to affect or alter a person's mood or behavior and to facilitate physical, mental, and emotional well-being. The chemicals comprising essential oils in plants has a host of therapeutic properties and has been used historically in Africa, Asia, and India. Its greatest application is in the field of alternative medicine. From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed; from Dr. Atiba Vheir, Dove Center, Washington, D.C.

Art Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
umls:cui: C0586935
definition: An individual who uses art to achieve the therapeutic goals of symptom relief, emotional integration, and recovery from or adjustment to illness or disability. From National Uniform Claim Committee - Health Care Provider Taxonomy

Art Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Arts-Based Therapy, Arts-Based Approach, Art-Based Intervention
umls:cui: C0003827
definition: The use of art as an adjunctive therapy in the treatment of neurological, mental, or behavioral disorders. From MeSH

Arthritis
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Inflammatory Arthritis, Joint Inflammation
umls:cui: C0003864
definition: Acute or chronic inflammation of joints. From MeSH

Aspiration
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Actual Aspiration, Aspiration into Respiratory Tract
umls:cui: C2712334
definition: Aspiration occurs when food, drink, or foreign objects are breathed into the lungs (going down the wrong tube). It might happen during choking, but aspiration can also be silent, meaning that there is no outward sign.

Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is used by
  some values from: Health Care Professional
comment: Tool or scale which is used to assess the emotional and mood disturbances of person with dementia

Assisting in Applying Makeup
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Grooming
Synonym: Application of Make Up to Skin
umls:cui: C2732586
comment: The intervention of applying cosmetics to skin of a person.

Assisting in Choosing Appropriate Clothing
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Grooming
umls:cui: C2371469
definition: Following implicit or explicit dress codes and conventions of one's society or culture and dressing in keeping with climatic conditions. From International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)

Assisting in Cutting up Food
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Eating
comment: The activity of nursing staff cutting up food for person to easily eat.

Assisting in Feeding Person
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Eating
Synonym: Feeding, Feed with Assistance
umls:cui: C0150334
definition: Assisting a person in feeding himself or herself.

Assisting in Putting on Clothes
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Grooming
Synonym: Dressing
umls:cui: C1998794
definition: Carrying out the coordinated tasks of putting clothes on various parts of the body, such as putting clothes on over the head, over the arms and shoulders, and on the lower and upper halves of the body; putting on gloves and headgear. From International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Assisting in Taking off Clothes
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Grooming
Synonym: Undressing
umls:cui: C1998905
definition: Carrying out the coordinated tasks of taking clothes off various parts of the body, such as pulling clothes off and over the head, off the arms and shoulders, and off the lower and upper halves of the body; taking off gloves and headgear. From International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health

Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Helping with Activity of Daily Living
umls:cui: C0509063
comment: Assisting people with dementia to perform activities of daily living.

Assisting with Continence Care
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
comment: Assisting a person with his/her continence care

Assisting with Eating
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
umls:cui: C1279813
comment: Assisting people with eating and drinking

Assisting with Hair Care
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Hygiene
Synonym: Assistance with Hair Care
umls:cui: C1822179
comment: Assisting people with their hair care.

Assisting with Medication Management
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: Assisting people to manage his/her medication

Assisting with Mobility
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
umls:cui: C3650993
comment: The intervention of assisting a person to mobilise.

Assisting with Nail Care
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Hygiene
umls:cui: C1279776
comment: Assisting people with their nail care.

Assisting with Oral Care
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Personal Hygiene
umls:cui: C5141266
comment: Assisting people with their mouth and teeth care.

Assisting with Personal Grooming
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
umls:cui: C0150333
definition: Assisting patient with clothes and appearance. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Assisting with Personal Hygiene
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
umls:cui: C1279778
comment: Assisting people with hygiene care

Assisting with Sleep
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Activity of Daily Living
comment: Assisting a person with his/her sleep

Assisting with Toileting
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Continence Care
umls:cui: C0150335
definition: Assisting another person with elimination. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Associated Group
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
comment: Information about the groups an individual is connected with

Associated Professional Organization
type: Class
subclass of: Associated Group
comment: Information about the professional organizations that an individual is connected with

Associated Social Club
type: Class
subclass of: Associated Group
comment: Information about the social clubs that an individual is connected with. A social club is a club that is formed around a common interest or activity, such as chess club and fishing club.

At Risk for Fall
type: Class
subclass of: At Risk State
Synonym: Fall Risk, At Risk for Falling
umls:cui: C1268740
definition: Potential for increased chance of falling that may cause physical harm, damage or lose. From Periperative Nursing Data Set

At Risk for Pressure Ulcer
type: Class
subclass of: At Risk State
Synonym: Pressure Sore Risk, At Risk of Pressure Sore, At Risk of Pressure Injury, At Risk of Pressure Ulcer
umls:cui: C0563204
definition: Potential for increased chance of injury to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. From Mayo Clinic

At Risk for Suicide
type: Class
subclass of: At Risk State
umls:cui: C0563664
definition: Susceptible to self-inflicted, life-threatening injury. From the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International (NANDA-I)

At Risk State
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: At Risk - Finding, Finding of at Risk, Finding Related to Risk Factor
umls:cui: C0559571
comment: The particular condition that someone has the potential for increased chance of getting injuries (including life-threatening injuries) or diseases.

Attending Concert
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: Activity of attending a concert.

Attending Virtual Event
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Attending Online Event
comment: The activity of attending an online event that involves people interacting in a virtual environment on the web.

Attending Virtual Museum Tour
type: Class
subclass of: Attending Virtual Event
comment: The activity of attending an online museum tour that allows visitors to take self-guided tours of select exhibits and areas within the museum from their desktop or mobile device.

Attending Virtual Zoo Tour
type: Class
subclass of: Attending Virtual Event
comment: The activity of attending an online zoom tour that allows visitors to take self-guided tours of selected exhibits about animals and their habitats within the zoo from their desktop or mobile device.

Attitude of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Interpersonal Causative Factor
comment: The attitude of health care professional to care of people with dementia.

Audiologist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0175838
definition: Professionals skilled at diagnostic testing of hearing, hearing impairment, and correction of hearing impairment by non-medical or non-surgical means. From MeSH

Auditory Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Impairment
Synonym: Hearing Impairment, Hearing Loss, Impaired Hearing, Poor Hearing, Decreased Hearing, Hearing Reduced, Hearing Deficit
umls:cui: C1384666
definition: A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears. From MeSH

Aunt
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337576
definition: The sister of one's father or mother; the wife of one's uncle. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Autonomic Hyperactivity
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
definition: Autonomic hyperactivity is a life-threatening manifestation of many disorders affecting the central or peripheral nervous systems. From Oxford Medicine Online https://oxfordmedicine.com/view/10.1093/med/9780199920198.001.0001/med-9780199920198-chapter-13

Availability of Nonpharmacological Intervention Implementation Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The availabity of resource for applying nonpharmacological intervention.

Availability of Nonpharmacological Intervention Training Resource
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The availableness of resource for training health care professional about nonpharmacological intervention.

Avoid Arguing with Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid arguring with a person with dementia.

Avoid Asking Complex Question
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid asking complex questions when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Asking Person with Dementia to Try Harder
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid asking person with dementia to "try harder".

Avoid Correcting Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid correcting a person with dementia during communicating with him/her.

Avoid Criticising Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid criticising a person with dementia when communicating with him/her.

Avoid Interrupting When Person with Dementia is Talking
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid interrupting a person with dementia when he/she is talking.

Avoid Multiple-Step Request
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
Synonym: Avoid Complex Multi-Step Command
comment: People should avoid using a multiple-step request when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Negative Word
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid using negative word(s) when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Offering Too Many Choices
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid offering too many choices when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Open-Ended Question
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid asking open-ended questions when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Overexplaining
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid overexplaining when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Screaming
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should not scream when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Telling Person with Dementia that He is Wrong
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid telling the person with dementia that he or she is wrong.

Avoid Using Harsh Tone
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: People should avoid using harsh tone when communicating with people with dementia.

Avoid Using Slang
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Avoided
comment: Avoid using words and phrases that are regarded as very informal, and are typically restricted to a particular context or group of people.

Avoidance
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
umls:cui: C0870186
definition: A conscious or unconscious refusal to encounter situations, activities, or objects; the act or practice of keeping away from or withdrawing from something. From the U.S. Nationational Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Avoidant Personality Trait
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
comment: Personality characterised by social discomfort and avoidance of interpersonal contact.

BPSD Assessment Training
type: Class
subclass of: Person Centred Care Education to Health Care Professional
comment: The training of BPSD (behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia) Assessment that is provided to health care professionals.

Background of Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is background of
  some values from: Care Recipient
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is matched by
  some values from: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is provided by
  some values from: Person
comment: Information about the background of a care recipient

Balance Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
Synonym: Balance Therapy
umls:cui: C0150219
definition: Use of specific activities, postures, and movements to maintain, enhance, or restore balance. From Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC)

Balloon Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of playing with balloons.

Barbecue Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: BBQ Activity
comment: The activity involving cooking and enjoying food that cooked using fire and smoke.

Bath Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Hygiene Preference
umls:cui: C0582062
comment: Preference to personal hygiene, such as shaving preference, and hair care preference.

Bathroom
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
umls:cui: C0556989
definition: A room containing a bath or shower and typically also a washbasin and a toilet. From Oxfor Languages

Beck Depression Inventory
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: BDI
umls:cui: C0451022
definition: A twenty-one question survey completed by a patient, with each answer scored on a scale of 0 to 3, designed to measure presence of depression. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Bedding Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Preference to the bedclothes, such as blankets and sheets used on a bed.

Bedtime
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C0521112
comment: The usual time of going to bed.

Before Bedtime
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1879793
comment: The time prior to going to bed.

Before Breakfast
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1549040
comment: The time prior to eating breakfast.

Before Dinner
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: Before Evening Meal
umls:cui: C1550742
comment: The time prior to eating dinner.

Before Handover Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
comment: The time prior to handover.

Before Lunch
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1550741
comment: The time prior to eating lunch.

Behavioral Inaction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
comment: The lack of the overall feedback or reply made by a person in any circumstances.

Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: BEHAVE-AD
Synonym: Behavioural Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Item, Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease
definition: The Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD) is a well-established instrument, designed to assess potentially remediable behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients as well as to evaluate treatment outcome. It consists of 25 symptoms grouped into seven categories. From Monteiro IM, Boksay I, Auer SR, Torossian C, Ferris SH, Reisberg B. Addition of a frequency-weighted score to the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale: the BEHAVE-AD-FW: methodology and reliability. Eur Psychiatry. 2001 Jan;16 Suppl 1:5s-24s. doi: 10.1016/s0924-9338(00)00524-1. PMID: 11520474.

Behaviour of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Interpersonal Causative Factor
comment: The acts or conducts of health care professional.

Behaviour of Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Interpersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Behaviour of Other Resident
comment: Behaviour of other care recipients living in the same long-term care facility

Behaviour of Visitor
type: Class
subclass of: Interpersonal Causative Factor
comment: The behavior of visitors in the long-term care facilities.

Behaviour Rating Scale for Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: BRSD
definition: The Behavior Rating Scale for Dementia (BRSD) is a standardized instrument for rating behavioral abnormalities in demented or cognitively impaired subjects. Descriptive items are scaled according to frequency of psychopathological behavior. From Duke Aging Center https://sites.duke.edu/centerforaging/cerad/assessments/behavior-rating-scale-dementia-brsd/

Behaviour Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
Synonym: Behavioural Psychotherapy, Behaviour Modification, Behavioural Intervention, Conditioning Therapy, Behaviour Conditioning Therapy, Behaviour Modification Technique, Behavioural Management Intervention
umls:cui: C0004933
definition: The use of operant conditioning, including rewards and punishments, in helping a person create an atmosphere where he or she does not contribute to painful stimuli. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Behavioural Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Behavior Assessment, Assessing Behavior, Behavioral Analysis, Behavior Care Assessment
umls:cui: C1160858
definition: Assessing a person's unacceptable and/or inappropriate behavior(s) to identify the behavior(s) and determine why he or she is demonstrating a behavior(s). From Alternative Billing Concepts

Behavioural Observation
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: Acquisition of information about behaviors of a care recipient

Being Impatient with Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: Health care professional is impatient with person with dementia, e.g. rushing person with dementia in carrying out tasks.

Being Overly Familiar with Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
comment: Being excessively familiar with other people

Being Unusually Emotional
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Euphoria in Dementia
comment: Being exceptionally affected by emotion

Belief
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0004951
definition: A state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some phenomenon. From the Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Bereavement
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Bereavement Reaction
umls:cui: C0005119
definition: Refers to the whole process of grieving and mourning and is associated with a deep sense of loss and sadness. From MeSH

Bible Reading
type: Class
subclass of: Pastoral Care
comment: The activity of reading the Bible, which bring peace and comfort to the reader.

Biographically Orientated Mobilisation
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Biographically Orientated Mobilization
definition: A weekly 10-15 min activation that focused on the motor, cognitive, and emotional aspects of apathy by exploring the biography of people with dementia and orienting mobilization and interventions at previously pursued hobbies and interests. From Treusch Y, Page J, Niemann-Mirmehdi M, Gutzmann H, Heinz A, Rapp M. Apathy and its non-pharmacological treatment in dementia. Geropsych 2011;24:155–64.

Biological Gender
type: Class
subclass of: Gender Identity
comment: Gender of a person assigned biologically at birth.

Bipolar Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Mental Disorder
Synonym: Bipolar Affective Disorder
umls:cui: C0005586
definition: A major disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. From MeSH

Bird Keeping Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Pet Keeping Hobby
comment: Hobby of keeping birds as pets.

Bisexual
type: Class
subclass of: LGBTQ
Synonym: Bisexual State
umls:cui: C2129310
definition: Possessing both homosexual and heterosexual preferences; or true hermaphroditism, having gonads of both sexes. From Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Biting
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Aggressive Biting
umls:cui: C0233534
comment: The behaviour of biting something or somebody aggressively.

Body Height
type: Class
subclass of: Body Size
Synonym: Height
umls:cui: C0005890
definition: The distance from the sole to the crown of the head with body standing on a flat surface and fully extended. From MeSH

Body Size
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0005901
definition: The physical measurements of a body. From MeSH

Body Weight
type: Class
subclass of: Body Size
Synonym: Weight
umls:cui: C0005910
definition: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. From MeSH

Body Weight Change
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Weight Change
umls:cui: C0005911
definition: A clinical manifestation consisting of alterations in an individual's weight from his or her norm. From MeSH

Bond-Lader Visual Analogue Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: BL-VAS
Synonym: Bond-Lader Mood Rating Scale, Bond-Lader VAS, Bond-Lader Mood Scale, Bond-Lader VAS Mood Rating Scale
definition: Bond-Lader Visual Analogue Scale was developed in 1974 by Bond and Lader to rate subjective feelings. From Bond A, Lader M. The use of analogue scales in rating subjective feelings. British Journal of Medical Psychology. 1974;47:211-218

Boredom
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C0006019
definition: A psychological state resulting from any acticity that lacks motivation, or from enforced continuance in an uninteresting situation. From MeSH

Breakfast Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: Morning Meal Time, Breakfast
umls:cui: C2698559
comment: The time of people having breakfast.

Breaking Down Long Sentence into Short Phrase
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should break down long sentences (e.g., questions, statements and requests) into short phrases when communicating with people with dementia.

Breathing Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Mind-Body Therapy
Synonym: Respiratory Muscle Training, Breath Exercise
umls:cui: C0006155
definition: Therapeutic exercises aimed to deepen inspiration or expiration or even to alter the rate and rhythm of respiration. From MeSH

Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: BPRS
Synonym: Overall and Gorham Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Overall-Gorham Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
umls:cui: C0029941
definition: The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is a rating scale which a clinician or researcher may use to measure psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, hallucinations and unusual behaviour. The scale is one of the oldest, most widely used scales to measure psychotic symptoms and was first published in 1962. (Overall JE, Gorham DR (1962). The brief psychiatric rating scale. Psychological Reports 1962 vol. 10, pp799-812). From Wikipedia.

Bright White Light Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Light Therapy
Synonym: Bright Light Therapy
umls:cui: C5400760
definition: Phototherapy that utilizes bright white full-spectrum light, typically delivered through a light box, to mimic natural outdoor light for the treatment of the depressive symptoms in both seasonal affective disorder and non-sensonal depression, as well as for the treatment of sleep and other mood disorders. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Brother
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337527
comment: A male sibling of a person.

Brother-in-law
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C1553711
definition: A brother by marriage. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Buddy System Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The intervention of creating a buddy system between care recipients in the residential care facility or between care recipients and staff to strengthen support networks.

Burnout of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0006433
definition: An excessive stress reaction to one's occupational or professional environment. It may be characterized by feelings of emotional and physical exhaustion, coupled with a sense of frustration and failure. From MeSH

Bus Trip
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of attending bus trip.

Business Immigration
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Type
comment: Type of immigration that people choose to live in other countries for operating a new or existing business.

Cannabis Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Cannabis Dependence, Marijuana Addiction, Marijuana Dependence
umls:cui: C0006870
definition: Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Card Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of playing cards.

Cardiologist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0175906
definition: Qualified medical professionals who specialize in preventing and treating disorders of the heart and cardiovascular system. From MeSH

Care Coordinator
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C4708569
definition: A person who coordinates multi-disciplinary patient care services, assuring that patients receive the care intended by their care plan. From SNOMEDCT

Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is care goal of
  some values from: Health Care Professional
comment: The goal setted for managing emotional and mood disturbances of a particular person with dementia.

Care Hours per Care Recipient Day
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Care Hours per Resident Day, Hours of Care per Resident Day
comment: Hours of care provided by all nursing staff per care recipient day

Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has background
  some values from: Background of Care Recipient
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has family member
  some values from: Family Member
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has friend
  some values from: Friend
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has interpreter
  some values from: Interpreter
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has legal representative
  some values from: Legal Representative
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is cared by
  some values from: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Resident
comment: The people living in the long term care facility.

Care Recipient Room
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
Synonym: Resident Room
comment: The room that a long-term care facility provides for accommodation of a person living there.

Care Staff
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Direct Care Worker, Direct Care Staff, Personal Care Worker, Personal Care Assistant (PCA), Assistant in Nursing (AIN)
umls:cui: C4034487
comment: The care staff that provide hands-on, generally long term care for people.

Casino Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: A type of the simulated gambling activities. The participants can play slot machines, standard video poker, roulette, blackjack, or craps, but no actual money would be exchanged during the activity.

Cat Keeping Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Pet Keeping Hobby
comment: Hobby of keeping cats as pets.

Causative Factor Investigation
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
comment: Investigating possible causes of the behaviour

Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causes
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia Causative Agent
comment: The factors that could cause the emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Ceaseless Talking
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The constant and unending talking.

Celebrating Small Success
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should celebrate small success of a person with dementia.

Celebration Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of celebrating something, e.g., birthday celebration and festival celebration.

Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: CES-D
Synonym: Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Questionnaire
umls:cui: C2699160
definition: A self-test that measures depressive feelings and behaviors within the general population. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Change in Appetite
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: Becoming different in one's desire to eat food.

Change in Routine
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
Synonym: Disruption of Familiar Routine
comment: The changes in the routine of a person.

Change in Sleep Pattern
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Change in Sleep, Change in Sleeping Patterns
umls:cui: C3203743
comment: Becoming different in one's sleep patterns.

Changing Continence Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Continence Care
comment: The intervention of replacing a continence aid.

Chapel
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
umls:cui: C0558275
comment: A private place of worship serving a residence or institution.

Checking Hearing Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Hearing Aid Check
umls:cui: C0455223
comment: The acts to ensure that hearing aids are clean and operational.

Checking Person
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Sighting
comment: The activity of checking the safety and comfort of a person.

Checking Vision Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The checks to ensure visual aids (devices that are used for assisting sight, e.g., glasses) are clean and operational.

Childhood Abuse
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
Synonym: History of Childhood Abuse
umls:cui: C4062014
comment: Information about childhood abuse experienced by a person.

Choking
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Food Stuck in Throat
umls:cui: C0008301
comment: Choking occurs when the airway is blocked by food, drink, or foreign objects.

Church Service Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Pastoral Care
Synonym: Church Services
comment: The activity that make people living in the long-term care facility feel like they have "been to church". It normally includes a song service, prayer and a short sermon.

Cleaning Hearing Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The activity of cleaning the hearing aids.

Cleaning Vision Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Cleaning Eyeglasses
comment: The activity of cleaning vision aids.

Clinician
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0871685
definition: A health professional who takes care of patients. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Clothing Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: reference to clothes worn on the body

Cluttered Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environment Causative Factor
Synonym: Clutter
umls:cui: C4061120
comment: The environment that filled with an untidy collection of things.

Coffee Club Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The participants can regularly attend the Coffee Club (a club for coffee lovers) to socialize over enjoying coffee and cakes/biscuits.

Cognitive Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Remaining Ability
Synonym: Ability to Perform Cognitive Activity
umls:cui: C0392334
comment: General mental capability of a person.

Cognitive Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Cognitive Examination, Cognitive Screening, Assessment Cognition
umls:cui: C0870300
definition: The examination of the cognitive capacities or deficits of an individual through the application of tests that probe that individual's ability to perform various mental activities such as perception, learning, and reasoning. From The U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
Abbreviation: CBT
Synonym: Cognitive Behaviour Modification, Behavioural Cognitive Therapy
comment: An integrated approach to psychotherapy that combines the techniques of cognitive and behaviour therapy.

Cognitive Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Cognitive Deficit, Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Dysfunction, Impaired Cognition, Cognitive Function Abnormal, Cognitive Disturbance, Neurocognitive Dysfunction
umls:cui: C0338656
definition: Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function. From MeSH

Cognitive Rehabilitation
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Therapy
umls:cui: C0870303
definition: Procedures used to restore or enhance the cognitive functioning level of individuals with mental disability, injury, or disease (e.g., brain damaged stroke patients). From Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms

Cognitive Stimulation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Therapy
Abbreviation: CST
Synonym: Cognitive Stimulation
definition: Promotion of awareness and comprehension of surroundings by utilization of planned stimuli. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Cognitive Style
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
umls:cui: C0563147
definition: Preferred or habitual style of learning or thinking. From Psychological Index Terms

Cognitive Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
Synonym: Cognitive Intervention
umls:cui: C0009244
definition: A type of psychotherapy that helps patients change their behavior by changing the way they think and feel about certain things. It is used to treat mental, emotional, personality, and behavioral disorders. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Cognitive Training
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Therapy
Synonym: Brain Training
umls:cui: C1868940
definition: A program of regular activities purported to maintain or improve one's cognitive abilities. From Wikipedia

Colouring Picture
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of colouring a picture.

Communal Area
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
Synonym: Communal Areas in Accommodation
umls:cui: C0557234
comment: The shared entrances, halls, stairways, passages, balconies, yards, lifts, fire escapes, roads and paths leading to or from the care recipient's room, grassed, cultivated, drying and play areas, forecourts and other shared areas in a long-term care facility

Communicating Action Avoided
type: Class
subclass of: Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
disjoint with: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: The communicating actions that should be avoided.

Communicating Action Suggested
type: Class
subclass of: Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
comment: The communicating actions that are suggested to do during a communication with people with dementia.

Communicating at Eye Level
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should communiate with people with dementia at eye level.

Communication Problem
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C0481701
comment: The communication problems that people with dementia may have.

Communication Skill Training
type: Class
subclass of: Person Centred Care Education to Health Care Professional
comment: The training that provided to health care professionals about how to communicate with people with dementia.

Complaining
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The expression of dissatisfaction or annoyance about something.

Compulsive Sexual Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
umls:cui: C2242574
definition: An excessive preoccupation with sexual fantasies, urges or behaviors that is difficult to control. From Mayo Clinic

Computerised Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
Abbreviation: CCBT
Synonym: Computerized Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
definition: Computerised Cognitive Behavioural Therapy is a type of self-help therapy delivered via the internet, which is grounded in cognitive behavioural therapy. From Dedert E, McDuffie JR, Swinkels C, et al. Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adults with Depressive or Anxiety Disorders [Internet]. Washington (DC): Department of Veterans Affairs (US); 2013 Oct. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK269001/

Concern
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C2699424
comment: A worry that tends to persist over time.

Concern about Burdening Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
umls:cui: C1821305
comment: The concern about burdening others.

Concern about Falling
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
Synonym: Fear of Falling, Fear of Fall
umls:cui: C0877040
comment: A person's anxiety towards usual or normal walking or mobilising, with the perception that a fall will occur. It is common after a fall although it can occur in the absence of a fall. From Physiopedia

Concern about Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
umls:cui: C4062081
comment: A person's concern about his/her family member(s).

Concern about Finance
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
Synonym: Concern about Money
comment: A person with dementia may worry about his/her finance, e.g. cost that is associated with health care.

Concern about Health
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: The concern of one's own health or body function.

Concern about Indwelling Bladder Catheter
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medical Device
Abbreviation: IDC
Synonym: Concern about Using Indwelling Urinary Catheter
comment: The concern of using indwelling urinary catheter - a hollow tube that is inserted and left in the bladder to promote the drainage of urine.

Concern about Inserted Suprapbic Catheter
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medical Device
comment: The concern about a suprapubic catheter (also called for SPC) that has been inserted into a person's bladder to drain urine when this person can't urinate on his/her own.

Concern about Lifting Assistive Device
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medical Device
comment: The concern about using lifting assistive device.

Concern about Loss of Freedom
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: A person's concern about loss of his/her freedom.

Concern about Medical Device
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: A person's worry about medical device.

Concern about Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: The worry about medication.

Concern about Medication Shortage
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medication
comment: The concern about the medication supply is insufficient.

Concern about Medication Side Effect
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medication
comment: The worry about adverse effects of medication.

Concern about Personal Property
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: The concern about personal property include house, vehicles, furniture, boats, and collectibles.

Concern about Taking Medication Incorrectly
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medication
comment: The concern about taking medication, with the perception that he/she will take the medication incorrectly.

Concern about Upcoming Event
type: Class
subclass of: Concern
comment: The concern about events that will happen in the near future, such as the medical assessment appointment next week.

Concern about Wheeled Walker
type: Class
subclass of: Concern about Medical Device
comment: The concern of using a walker with wheels.

Concern of Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Family Member
Synonym: Stress of Family Member, Worry of Family Member
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of a person cause an uneasy state of mind of their famly members.

Concern of Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Friend
Synonym: Worry of Friend, Stress of Friend
comment: The emotional and mood disturbances in a person with dementia may cause an uneasy mental state of his/her friends about him/her.

Concern of Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Care Recipient
Synonym: Concern of Other Resident, Worry of Other Resident, Stress of Other Resident
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of a care recipient may cause an uneasy state of mind of other care recipients living in the same long term care facility.

Confusion
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Feeling Confused, Confusional State, Confused, Daze, Dazed, Dazing, Easily Confused
umls:cui: C0009676
definition: A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation. From MeSH

Consistency of Staff Providing Care
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environmental Intervention
umls:cui: C1822381
comment: The intervention of having consistent and regular staff for providing care to a person with dementia in the long-term care facility.

Constant Manipulation of Object
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of manipulating something constantly.

Constant Repetition of Word
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of continuously repeating words or sentences.

Constant Unwarranted Requests for Attention
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The constant and not justified requests for attention.

Constant Unwarranted Requests for Help
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The constant and not justified requests for help.

Constant Unwarranted Requests for Reassurance
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The constant and not justified requests for reassurance.

Constipation
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Defficulty Defecating, Difficulty Passing Motion, Difficulty Opening Bowel, Difficulty Passing Stool, Costiveness
umls:cui: C0009806
definition: A disorder characterized by irregular and infrequent or difficult evacuation of the bowels. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Contact Information
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C1880174
comment: Information that can be used to contact a person, such as address, telephone number and email address.

Cooking
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
umls:cui: C0335326
definition: The art or practice of preparing food. It includes the preparation of special foods for diets in various diseases. From MeSH

Cooking Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of preparing food.

Coordination
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Ability
Synonym: Physiologic Coordination
umls:cui: C0242414
definition: Ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled motor responses (optimal interaction of muscle function).

Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: CSDD
umls:cui: C4744456
definition: A 19-item clinician-administered instrument, developed by Alexopoulos et al. in 1986, that utilizes a three-point rating scale to assess signs and symptoms of major depression in patients with dementia, based on interviews with both the patient and a caregiver. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Corridor
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
umls:cui: C0557670
comment: The long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms.

Counselling
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
Synonym: Counseling, Counseling Intervention
umls:cui: C0010210
definition: The giving of advice and assistance to individuals when educational or personal problems. From MeSH

Country of Birth
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Synonym: Country of Origin
umls:cui: C1300001
comment: Country which a person was born in.

Cousin
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337580
definition: A child of one's aunt or uncle or their descendents. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Craft Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of making things by hand.

Creative Pursuit Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity characterized by originality of thought or inventiveness, e.g., creative writing.

Crowded Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
comment: Crowded surroundings with too many people

Crushing Oral Medication for People with Swallowing Difficulty
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Medication Management
comment: The activity of crushing oral medication for people with swallowing difficulty to easily take the medication.

Culture Background
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Synonym: Culture Background, Culture
umls:cui: C0010447
definition: The process by which the dominant symbols, acts, or meanings of a society reinforce the perspective of a dominant group while making invisible, stereotyped, or marked as "other" the variations in symbols, acts, and meanings from culture to culture.in the perspectives of subordinate or targeted groups. This includes the presumed universality of the dominant group's experience, culture, and religion. From MeSH

Cultural Support Worker
type: Class
subclass of: Person
comment: Cultural Support Workers support non-Indigenous foster carers and staff to better understand the needs of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people in care and to respond in a holistic way that considers family, spiritual, community and individual needs.

Cursing
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Swearing, Using Foul Language
umls:cui: C0233730
comment: The behaviour of using offensive language.

Dance Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0010962
definition: The use of dancing for therapeutic purposes. From MeSH

Date of Birth
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Abbreviation: DOB
Synonym: Birth Date
umls:cui: C0421451
definition: The calendar date on which a person was born. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Daughter
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0011011
comment: A female child of a person.

Daughter-in-law
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C1553705
definition: The wife of one's son. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Daytime
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C0332169
definition: Diurnal
definition: The time between sunrise and sunset while it is light. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Daytime Sleepiness
type: Class
subclass of: Sleep Disturbance
Synonym: Daytime Somnolence, Excessive Sleepiness during Day
umls:cui: C2219848
comment: Inappropriate sleepiness during the day.

De Factor Partner
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Partner, Partner in Relationship, Significant Other
umls:cui: C0682323
definition: A person who is important to one's well being; especially a spouse or one in a similar relationship. From HL7V3.0

Death of Close Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
umls:cui: C0680093
comment: Death of a close friend of a person.

Death of Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
Synonym: Death of Relative, Family Member Deceased, Family Member Dead, Relative Dead, Relative Deceased, Death of Family Member
umls:cui: C0425043
definition: The historical fact that a legal or consanguineous family member has died. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Declining Care
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Refusal of Care, Resisting Care
comment: Declining to be helped with personal care

Declining to Take Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Declining Care
Synonym: Medication Refused, Refusal to Take Medication
umls:cui: C1319048
comment: Behaviour of declining to take prescribed medication

Decrease in Appetite
type: Class
subclass of: Change in Appetite
Synonym: Poor Appetite, Low Appetite, Reduced Appetite, Inappetence
umls:cui: C0232462
comment: The decreasing of one's desire to eat food.

Decreased Activity of Daily Living
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: Decreased performance of the basic activities of self care, such as dressing and eating.

Decreased Need for Sleep
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
umls:cui: C1862911
comment: Decreased need for sleep, in which someone can get by with little or no sleep and not feel tired as a result the next day.

Deep Breathing Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Breathing Exercise
Synonym: Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise, Belly Breathing Exercise, Abdominal Breathing Exercise
umls:cui: C0454496
comment: The breathing exercise that helps lessen stress and anxiety. By breathing slower and more deeply from the stomach, a person signal the nervous system to calm down.

Degenerative Polyarthritis
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthrosis, Degenerative Arthritides, Degenerative Arthritis, Degenerative Joint Disease
umls:cui: C0029408
definition: A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. From MeSH

Dehydration
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Pure Water Depletion Syndrome, Exsiccosis, Loss of Body Water, Deficient Fluid Volume, Body Water Dehydration
umls:cui: C0011175
definition: The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism. From MeSH

Delirium
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C0011206
definition: A usually reversible condition characterized by the acute and sudden development of confusion, illusions, movement changes, inattentiveness, agitation, and hallucinations. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Delirium Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Delirium Screening, Assessment of Delirium, Delirium Screen
umls:cui: C4518226
comment: Delirium assessment aims to confirm the diagnosis, identify and treat the causes, and manage and relieve the symptoms, and collect information that is useful in developing treatment plans.

Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is delivery mode of
  some values from: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The way of delivering the nonpharmacological intervention.

Delusion
type: Class
subclass of: Psychosis
Synonym: Delusional Disorder, Delusional Idea, Delusional Symptom, Delusional Thought, Fixed Beliefs Contradicted by Reality, Delusional Belief, Psychotic Delusion
umls:cui: C0011253
definition: A belief that is demonstrably untrue or not shared by others, usually based on incorrect inference about external reality. The belief is firmly held with conviction and is not, or is only briefly, susceptibel to modification by experience or evidence that contradicts it. The belief is not ordinarily accepted by other members or the person's culture or subculture (i.e., it is not an article of religious faith). From ICD-11

Demanding Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
Synonym: Demanding Behavior
umls:cui: C0562447
comment: Anxious care recipient may require considerable attention from health care professionals.

Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has stage
  some values from: Stage Of Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is dementia of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
umls:cui: C0497327
definition: Dementia is an acquired brain syndrome characterized by a decline from a previous level of cognitive function with impairment in two or more cognitive domains (such as memory, executive functions, attention, language, social cognition and judgement, psychomotor speed, visuoperceptual or visuospatial abilities). The cognitive impairment is not entirely attributable to normal aging and significantly interferes with independence in the person's performance of activities of daily living. Based on available evidence, the cognitive impairment is attributed or assumed to be attributable to a neurological or medical condition that affects the brain, trauma, nutritional deficiency, chronic use of specific substances or medications, or exposure to heavy metals or other toxins. From ICD-11 version 09/2020

Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: DAIR
Synonym: Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating Scale
definition: Dementia Apathy Interview and Rating (DAIR) is a 16-item informant-based assessment of apathy in persons with dementia. From Strauss ME, Sperry SD. An informant-based assessment of apathy in Alzheimer disease. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol. 2002 Sep;15(3):176-83. PMID: 12218710.

Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Synonym: Alzheimer Disease Dementia
umls:cui: C0002395
definition: Dementia due to Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. Onset is insidious with memory impairment typically reported as the initial presenting complaint. The characteristic course is a slow but steady decline from a previous level of cognitive functioning with impairment in additional cognitive domains (such as executive functions, attention, language, social cognition and judgment, psychomotor speed, visuoperceptual or visuospatial abilities) emerging with disease progressing. From ICD-11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease with Early Onset
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease
definition: Dementia due to Alzheimer disease in which symptoms emerge before the age of 65 years. It is relatively rare, representing less than 5% of all cases, and may be genetically determined (autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease). Clinical presentation may be similar to cases with later onset, but a significant proportion of cases manifest atypical symptoms, with relatively less severe memory deficits. From ICD11 version 09/2020.

Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease with Late Onset
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease
definition: Dementia due to Alzheimer disease that develops at the age of 65 years or above. This is the most common pattern, representing more than 95% of all cases. From ICD11 Version 09/2020

Dementia due to Cerebrovascular Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Abbreviation: VaD
Synonym: Cerebrovascular Disease Dementia, Vascular Dementia
umls:cui: C0011269
definition: Vascular dementia is due to significant brain parenchyma injury resulting from cerebrovascular disease (ischemic or haemorrhagic). The onset of the cognitive deficits is temporally related to one or more vascular events. Cognitive decline is typically most prominent in speed of information processing, complex attention, and frontal-executive functioning. There is evidence of the presence of cerebrovascular disease considered to be sufficient to account for the neurocognitive deficits from history, physical examination and neuroimaging. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Down Syndrome
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
umls:cui: C4518638
definition: Dementia due to Down syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder related to the impact of abnormal increased production and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) leading to formation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. APP gene expression is increased due to its location on chromosome 21, which is abnormally triplicated in Down syndrome. Cognitive deficits and neuropathological features are similar to those observed in Alzheimer disease. Onset is typically after the fourth decade of life with a gradual decline in functioning. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Exposure to Heavy Metal
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
definition: Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals caused by toxic exposure to specific heavy metals such as aluminium from dialysis water, lead, mercury or manganese. The characteristic cognitive impairments in Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals depend on the specific heavy metal that the individual has been exposed to but can affect all cognitive domains. Onset of symptoms is related to exposure and progression can be rapid especially with acute exposure. In many cases, symptoms are reversible when exposure is identified and ceases. Investigations such as brain imaging or neurophysiological testing may be abnormal. Lead poisoning is associated with abnormalities on brain imaging including widespread calcification and increased signal on MRI T2-weighted images of periventricular white matter, basal ganglia hypothalamus and pons. Dementia due to aluminium toxicity may demonstrate characteristic paroxysmal high-voltage delta EEG changes. Examination may make evident other features such as peripheral neuropathy in the case of lead, arsenic, or mercury. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
definition: Dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus develops during the course of confirmed HIV disease, in the absence of a concurrent illness or condition other than HIV infection that could explain the clinical features. Although a variety of patterns of cognitive deficit are possible depending on where the HIV pathogenic processes have occurred, typically deficits follow a subcortical pattern with impairments in executive function, processing speed, attention, and learning new information. The course of Dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus varies including resolution of symptoms, gradual decline in functioning, improvement, or fluctuation in symptoms. Rapid decline in cognitive functioning is rare with the advent of antiretroviral medications. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Huntington Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Synonym: Dementia due to Huntington Chorea
umls:cui: C0236961
definition: Dementia due to Huntington disease occurs as part of a widespread degeneration of the brain due to a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene, which is transmitted through autosomal dominance. Onset of symptoms is insidious typically in the third and fourth decade of life with gradual and slow progression. Initial symptoms typically include impairments in executive functions with relative sparing of memory, prior to the onset of motor deficits (bradykinesia and chorea) characteristic of Huntington disease. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Injury to the Head
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
umls:cui: C4546139
definition: Dementia due to injury to the head is caused by damage inflicted on the tissues of the brain as the direct or indirect result of an external force. Trauma to the brain is known to have resulted in loss of consciousness, amnesia, disorientation and confusion, or neurological signs. The symptoms characteristic of Dementia due to injury to the head must arise immediately following the trauma or after the individual gains consciousness and must persist beyond the acute post-injury period. Cognitive deficits vary depending on the specific brain areas affected and the severity of the injury but can include impairments in attention, memory, executive functioning, personality, processing speed, social cognition, and language abilities. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Lewy Body Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Synonym: Dementia with Lewy Body, Lewy Body Dementia, Lewy Body Disease Dementia
umls:cui: C0752347
definition: Dementia due to Lewy body disease is the second most common form of dementia in the elderly after Alzheimer disease. The precise etiology is unknown but involves abnormal alpha-synuclein protein folding and aggregation with Lewy body formation primarily in the cortex and brainstem. Onset is insidious with attentional and executive functioning deficits typically reported as the initial presenting complaint. These cognitive deficits are often accompanied by visual hallucination and symptoms of REM sleep behaviour disorder. Hallucinations in other sensory modalities, depressive symptoms, and delusions may also be present. The symptom presentation usually varies significantly over the course of days necessitating longitudinal assessment and differentiation from Delirium. Sontaneous onset of Parkinsonism within approximately 1 year of the onset of cognitive symptoms is characteristic of the disease. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Multiple Sclerosis
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
definition: Dementia due to multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease due to the cerebral effects of multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disease. Onset of symptoms is insidious and not related to the progression or functional impairment attributable to the primary disease (i.e., multiple sclerosis). Cognitive impairments vary according to the location of demyelination but typically include deficits in processing speed, memory, attention, and aspects of executive functioning. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
definition: Dementia due to normal pressure hydrocephalus results from excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain as a result of idiopathic, non-obstructive causes but can also be secondary to haemorrhage, infection or inflammation. Progression is gradual but intervention (e.g., shunt) can result in significant improvement of symptoms. Typically, cognitive impairments include reduced processing speed, deficits in executive functioning and attention, as well as personality changes. These symptoms are also typically accompanied by gait abnormalities and urinary incontinence. Brain imaging to reveal ventricular volume and brain displacement is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Parkinson Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Abbreviation: PDD
Synonym: Parkinson Disease Dementia
umls:cui: C0236960
definition: Dementia due to Parkinson disease develops among individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease and is characterized by impairment in attention, memory, executive and visuo-spatial functions as well as behavioural and psychiatric symptoms such as changes in affect, apathy and hallucinations. Onset is insidious and the course is one of gradual worsening of symptoms. The primary pathological correlat is Lewy Body-type degeneration predominantly in the basal ganglia rather than in the cortex as is typical of Dementia due to Lewy body disease. From ICD-11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Pellagra
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
umls:cui: C5230201
definition: Dementia due to pellagra is caused by persistent lack of vitamin B3 (niacin) or tryptophan either in the diet or due to poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract due to disease (e.g., Crohn disease) or due to the effects of some medications (e.g., isoniazid). Core signs of pellagra include dermatological changes (sensitivity to sunlight, lesions, alopecia, and oedema) and diarrhoea. With prolonged nutritional deficiency cognitive symptoms that include aggressivity, motor disturbances (ataxia and restlessness), confusion, and weakness are observed. Treatment with nutritional supplementation (e.g., niacin) typically results in reversal of symptoms. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Prion Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
umls:cui: C4546138
definition: Dementia due to prion disease is a primary neurodegenerative disease caused by a group of spongiform encephalopathies resulting from abnormal prion protein accumulation in the brain. These can be sporadic, genetic (caused by mutations in the prion-protein gene), or transmissible (acquired from an infected individual). Onset is insidious and there is a rapid progression of symptoms and impairment characterised by cognitive deficits, ataxia, and motor symptoms (myoclonus, chorea, or dystonia). Diagnosis is typically made on the basis of brain imaging studies, presence of characteristic proteins in spinal fluid, EEG, or genetic testing. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Synonym: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medications
definition: Dementia due to psychoactive substances including medications includes forms of dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of substance use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of substance use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by substances such as a dementia due to another medical condition. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Use of Alcohol
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
definition: Dementia due to use of alcohol is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of alcohol use and that persist beyond the usual duration of alcohol intoxication or acute withdrawal. The intensity and duration of alcohol use must have been sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder or disease that is not induced by alcohol such as a dementia due to another disorder or disease classified elsewhere. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Use of Anxiolytic
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
definition: Dementia due to use of anxiolytics is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of anxiolytic use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of anxiolytic use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by anxiolytics such as a dementia due to another medical condition. From ICD-11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Use of Hypnotic
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
definition: Dementia due to use of hypnotics is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of hypnotic use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of hypnotic use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by hypnotics such as a dementia due to another medical condition. From ICD-11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Use of Sedative
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
definition: Dementia due to use of sedatives is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of sedative use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of sedative use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by sedativessuch as a dementia due to another medical condition. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia due to Use of Volatile Inhalants
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication
definition: "Dementia due to use of volatile inhalants is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of inhalant use or exposure and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of inhalant use or exposure must be sufficient to be capable of producing the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by volatile inhalants such as a dementia due to another medical condition." From ICD11 version 09/2020

Dementia Mood Assessment Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: DMAS
definition: The Dementia Mood Assessment Scale is a 24-item scale that rates observable mood and functional abilities. The first 17 items measure mood, whereas the remaining items measure severity of dementia. All but two items, sense of enjoyment and self-esteem, address negative moods. From Tappen, Ruth M, and Christine L Williams. “Development and testing of the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Mood Scale.” Nursing research vol. 57,6 (2008): 426-35. doi:10.1097/NNR.0b013e31818c3dcc

Dementia Mood Picture Test
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: DMPT
definition: The Dementia Mood Picture Test (DMPT) is designed to assess the affective state of people with dementia. Six different moods are depicted in six simple line drawing of a face: good mood, bad mood, happy, sad, angry and worried. From Ruth M Tappen and Charlotte Barry 1995 Assessment of affect in advanced Alzheimer's diseases: the dementia mood picture test. Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 21:3

Demographic Information
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Patient Demographic Information
umls:cui: C4318886
comment: Demographic information of a person

Dental Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Dental Disorder, Disorder of teeth And Supporting Structures, Odontologic Disorder, Tooth Disorder
umls:cui: C1704330
definition: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic (benign or malignant) disorder affecting the teeth. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Dentist
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
Synonym: Dental Practitioner, Dental Surgeon
umls:cui: C0011441
definition: Individuals licensed to practice dentistry. From MeSH

Depression in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is depression in dementia of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
Synonym: Depressive Mood in Dementia, Depressed Mood in Dementia, Low Mood in Dementia
definition: Negative affective state characterised by low mood, sadness, emptiness, hopelessness, or dejection in people with dementia

Depression of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia contribute to depression of health care professionals.

Depressive Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Mental Disorder
Synonym: Depressive Illness
umls:cui: C0011581
definition: Dysthymia is a chronic mood disorder characterised by persistent depressed mood present for at least two years, for most of the day and for more days than not. During the first two years of the disorder, there has never been a two week period during which the number and duration of symptoms were sufficient to meet the diagnostic requirements for a major depressive episode. From SNOMEDCT_US

Describing Baseline Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: The activity of describing a person's behaviours manifested at a normal condition or a beginning condition, that is used for comparison with changed behaviours.

Describing Changed Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: The activity of describing what an individual does or how he/she acts in contrast with baseline behaviour (behaviour manifested at a normal condition).

Destroying Property
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Destruction, Destroying
umls:cui: C1948029
comment: The behaviour of destroying properties.

Diabetes Mellitus
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: DM
Synonym: Diabetes
umls:cui: C0011849
definition: A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. From MeSH

Diarrhoea
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Diarrhea
Synonym: Watery Stool, Bowel Loose Movement
umls:cui: C0011991
definition: A disorder characterized by frequent and watery bowel movements. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Dietitian
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Dietician
umls:cui: C3536818
definition: Persons specially trained and licensed in nutrition sciences and dietetics. From MeSH

Differential Diagnosis
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Differential Diagnoses
umls:cui: C0011906
definition: Determination of which one of two or more diseases or conditions a patient is suffering from by systematically comparing and contrasting results of diagnostic measures. From MeSH

Dimensional Apathy Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: DAS
definition: The Dimensional Apathy Scale (DAS) assesses three apathy subtypes-executive, emotional, and initiation-and is sensitive and valid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease. From Radakovic R, McGrory S, Chandran S, Swingler R, Pal S, Stephenson L, Colville S, Newton J, Starr JM, Abrahams S. The brief Dimensional Apathy Scale: A short clinical assessment of apathy. Clin Neuropsychol. 2020 Feb;34(2):423-435. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2019.1621382. Epub 2019 Jun 3. PMID: 31154933.

Diminished Ability of Concentration
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
comment: The reduced ability to focus the mind on one thing.

Diminished Ability of Thinking
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
comment: The reduced ability of processing information, make connections, make decisions, and create new ideas.

Dining Room
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: A room or area in the long-term facility in which meals are eaten.

Dinner Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: Dinnertime, Evening Meal, Supper Time
umls:cui: C0585040
comment: The time of people having evening meal.

Discomfort
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Body Discomfort
umls:cui: C2364135
definition: A feeling of mental or physical uneasiness, pain, or distress. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Discomfort from Ill-Fitting Denture
type: Class
subclass of: Discomfort
comment: The discomfort from the denture that is of the wrong size or shape for the person wearing it.

Discomfort from Ill-Fitting Shoe
type: Class
subclass of: Discomfort
comment: The discomfort from the shoe that is of the wrong size or shape for the person wearing it.

Disorganized Speech
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C1866987
comment: The behaviour of speaking which arises from abnormal thought processes. A person having disorganized speech might talking with nonexistent entities, or quickly jumping from one unrelated topic to another. From https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychopedia/disorganized-speech

Disorientation
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
umls:cui: C0233407
comment: The altered mental state. A disoriented person may not known their location and identity, or the time and date.

Disrupting Normal Routine of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
Synonym: Disrupting Usual Routine of Health Care Professional
comment: Staff spending time on behaviour interventions may disrupt their usual routine.

Disruptive Vocalisation
type: Class
subclass of: Agitation
Abbreviation: DV
Synonym: Disruptive Vocalization, Vocally Disruptive Behavior, Vocally Disruptive Behaviour
umls:cui: C3697171
definition: Making vocal utterances that are distressing sounding and socially inappropriate due to their intensity, frequency, duration and/or setting, as a manifestation of some form of brain disease, usually dementia. From SNOMEDCT

Distraction
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Distraction Therapy
umls:cui: C1369038
definition: Purposeful diverting of attention or temporarily suppressing negative emotions and thoughts away from undesirable sensations. From the U.S. National Cancer Insitute Thesaurus

Disturbing Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Care Recipient
Synonym: Disturbing Other Resident, Distress to Other Resident, Upset Other Resident
comment: The effect that emotional and mood disturbances of person with dementia might disturb other person living in the same long-term care facility.

Diverstional Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0204581
definition: Diversional Therapy is a client centred practice [that] recognises that leisure and recreational experiences are the right of all individuals. From Diversional Recreation Therapy Australia. https://diversionaltherapy.org.au

Dog Keeping Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Pet Keeping Hobby
comment: Hobby of keeping dogs as pets.

Doll Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: Doll therapy involves offering dolls to adults who are living with dementia and other medical conditions with the goal of improving their comfort, engagement, and quality of life. From Verywell Health 2020 https://www.verywellhealth.com/therapeutic-doll-therapy-in-dementia-4155803

Domestic Violence
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
umls:cui: C1445903
comment: Information about the domestic violence experienced by a person.

Downcast Gaze
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
definition: The action of looking towards the ground, usually because of feeling sad or embarrassed.

Drink Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Drink/liquid a person prefer, e.g., tea or coffee.

Drug Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Drug Hypersensitivity, Medication Allergy, Medicine Allergy, Allergic Reaction to Drug
umls:cui: C0013182
comment: An allergy to a pharmaceutical product. From HL7V3.0

Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is duration of
  some values from: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The time during which the manifestation of emotional and mood disturbances contintues.

Dysarthria
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Dysarthosis, Dysarthrias, Dysarthric Speech, Difficulty Articulating Speech
umls:cui: C0013362
definition: A disorder characterized by slow and slurred speech resulting from an inability to coordinate the muscles used in speech. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Dysphasia
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
umls:cui: C0973461
definition: Impairment of verbal communication skills. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Dysphoria
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Dysphoric Mood
umls:cui: C0233477
definition: A profound state of unease or dissatisfaction. From Wikipedia

Dyspnea
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Breathlessness, Shortness of Breath, Breath Shortness, Difficulty Breathing, Respiration Difficult, Short of Breath, Difficult to Breathe, Trouble Breathing
umls:cui: C0013404
definition: Difficult or labored breathing. From MeSH

Echolalia
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Echo Speech, Echophrasia, Echologia
umls:cui: C0013528
definition: Involuntary ("parrot-like"), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song. From Adams et al, Principles of Neurology, th6 ed, p485)

Eczema
type: Class
subclass of: Skin Problem
Synonym: Dermatitis Eczematoid, Atopic Dermatitis, Eczematous Rash, Eczematous Dermatitis
umls:cui: C0013595
definition: A form of dermatitis characterized by red, itchy, scaly, or crusty patches that can be chronic or intermittent. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Educational Status
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Synonym: Level of Education, Educational Achievement, Level of Educational Attainment, Educational Qualification, Education Level Completed, Level of Education Attained
umls:cui: C0013658
definition: Educational attainment or level of education of an individual. From MeSH

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is effect of
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by emotional and mood disturbances in dementia.

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by a person's emotional and mood disturbances to his/her family members.

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by a person's emotional and mood disturbances to his/her friends.

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by a person's emotional and mood disturbances to the health care professionals who provide care to him/her.

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Resident
comment: Consequence causing by the emotional and mood disturbances of a care recipient to other care recipients living in the same long-term care facility

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by emotional and mood disturbances to oneself.

Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Society
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The consequence causing by emotional and mood disturbances to the society.

Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
disjoint with: Not Effective
comment: Successful in producing a desired or intended result

Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is effectiveness level of
  some values from: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: Effectiveness level of a nonpharmacological intervention.

Egg Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Egg, Egg Hypersensitivity
umls:cui: C0559469
definition: Allergic reaction to eggs that is triggered by the immune system. From MeSH

Elder Abuse
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
Synonym: Aged Abuse, Elderly Abuse
umls:cui: C4760646
comment: Information about the elder abuse (emotional, nutritional, financial, or physical maltreatment, exploitation, or abandonment of the older person generally) experienced by an older person.

Electrolyte Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Electrolyte Imbalance, Electrolyte Disorder
umls:cui: C0342579
definition: Higher or lower than normal values for the serum electrolytes: usually affecting Na, K, CI, Ca, CO2, BUN. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Embarrassment
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C0679112
definition: A feeling of self-consciousness, shame, or awkwardness. From MeSH

Emotional and Mood Disturbance Education to Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member Focused Intervention
comment: The education about emotional and mood disturbances in dementia and related management strategies that are provided to family members of people with dementia.

Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has effect
  some values from: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has manifestation
  some values from: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is assessed by
  some values from: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is caused by
  some values from: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is emotional and mood disturbance of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is treated by
  some values from: Intervention
comment: The disturbance in emotions and mood of people with dementia.

Emotional Dependency
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
Synonym: Dependency, Psychological Dependence
umls:cui: C0011546
definition: The tendency of an individual to rely on others for advice, guidance, or support. From MeSH

Emotional Distress
type: Class
subclass of: Agitation
umls:cui: C0700361
comment: The highly unpleasant emotional reaction.

Emotional Reactivity
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
comment: Emotional response to an event

Emotional Support
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Psychological Support
umls:cui: C0600015
definition: Actions performed to sustain a positive affective state. From Clinical Care Classification

Encouraging Communication
type: Class
subclass of: Giving Encouragement
umls:cui: C2922288
comment: Nurses encourage people with dementia to communicate with other people.

Encouraging Physical Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Giving Encouragement
umls:cui: C2922556
comment: The intervention that nursing staff encourage people with dementia to do physical activity.

Encouraging to Drink Water
type: Class
subclass of: Giving Encouragement
Synonym: Encouraging to Drink, Prompting to Drink, Encouraging Hydration, Promoting Hydration
comment: The interventon that nursing staff encourage people with dementia to drink water.

Encouraging to Eat Food
type: Class
subclass of: Giving Encouragement
Synonym: Encouraging to Eat, Prompting to Eat, Encouraging Nutritional Intake, Promoting Nutrition
comment: The intervention that nursing staff encourage people with dementia to eat food.

End Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1522314
comment: The time when something/event has ceased.

Endocrine Imbalance
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Endocrine Disorder, Endocrine System Disease
umls:cui: C0014130
comment: The condition when there is too much or too little of a hormone in the bloodstream. Hormones are chemicals that are produced by glands in the endocrine system.

Engaging Person in Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: Attracting a person to participate or become involved in an activity.

Enhancing Visual Access
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Ensure that the people with dementia can see what they need to see from wherever they spend most of their time, such as putting a clock or a sign of where is the bathroom in a prominent place.

Enrolled Nurse
type: Class
subclass of: Nurse
Abbreviation: EN
definition: An enrolled nurse is a person who has successfully completed an education program of study accredited by the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council and approved by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. The enrolled nurse provides nursing care, working under the direction, delegation and supervision of the registed nurse. From Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation

Environmental Causative Factor
type: Class
subclass of: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Environmental Stressor
comment: The environmental factors that may cause emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Environmental Modification
type: Class
subclass of: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
Synonym: Environment Modification, Environmental Rearrangement, Institutional Environmental Intervention, Environment Intervention
umls:cui: C0204546
comment: The intervention of modifying environment of people living with dementia.

Epilepsy
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: EP
Synonym: Seizure Disorder, Epileptic Disorder
umls:cui: C0014544
definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. From MeSH

Ergotherapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: Ergotherapy involves of practicing of retrained capabilities that are relevant to everyday life and of emotionally positive activities (e.g., cooking, gardening), with reference to the patient’s life history.

Ethnic Background
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
Synonym: Ethnic Group, Ethnicity
umls:cui: C0015031
definition: A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships. From MeSH

Euphoria in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is euphoria in dementia of
  some values from: Person with Dementia
Synonym: Euphoric Mood in Dementia
definition: An exaggerated felling of physical and emotional well-being and vitality in people with dementia

Evaluation
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Effectiveness Assessment, Efficacy Assessment
umls:cui: C0220825
comment: The activity of evaluating the effectiveness of the intervention, after the administration of the intervention.

Evening
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: During the Evening
umls:cui: C0587117
definition: The time period between late afternoon and bedtime. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Excessive Worry
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
Synonym: Excessive Worrying
umls:cui: C1389783
definition: Feelings of worry that interfere with a person's daily life and seem to be persistent or are excessive for the situation, or cause distress. From healthdirect.gov.au

Executive Dysfunction
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
Synonym: Executive Function Disorder, Executive Functioning Deficit, Impairment of Executive Functions
umls:cui: C2748208
definition: Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral difficulties that often occur in conjunction with frontal lobe disorders, including traumatic injury and dementia. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Exercise Physiologist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Clinical Exercise Physiologist
comment: A clinical exercise physiologist is a health care professional who is specialise in clinical exercise intervention for people with a broad range of health issues. Those people may be at risk of developing, or have existing, medical conditions and injuries.

Ex-husband
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
definition: A man to whom someone was formerly married, from whom they are now divorced. From Oxford Languages

Explanation of Nursing Care
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C4715424
comment: The activity of giving a reason for a nursing care action.

Exposure to Combat
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
Synonym: Combat Exposure
umls:cui: C0557345
comment: Information about the combat exposure of a person (a military service member) .

Expressing Anger of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: The health care professional's behaviour of expressing his/her anger -a strong emotional feeling of displeasure.

Expressing Anxiety of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: The health care professional's behaviour of expressing his/her anxiety.

Expressing Depression of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: The health care professional's behaviour of expressing his/her depressed mood.

Expressing Gratitude
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should express gratitude when communicating with people with dementia.

Extraversion
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
umls:cui: C0015382
definition: Personality trait which reflects the extent to which an individual likes people and prefers large gatherings; is assertive, active and talkative; enjoys excitement and stimulation; and tends to have a cheerful disposition. From Psychological Index Terms

Extremely Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effective
Source: Wiskow, K. M., Donaldson, J. M., & Matter, A. L. (2017). An evaluation of generalization of compliance across response types. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 402-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bar0000087
comment: Extremely successful in producing a desired or intended result

Ex-wife
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
definition: A woman to whom someone was formerly married, from whom they are now divorced. From Oxford Languages

Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: affects implementation of
  some values from: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The factors that could affect the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions to emotional and mood disturbances in dementia in the long term care facility.

Failure of Rehabilitation
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: The failure of interventions designed to optimize functioning and reduce disability in people with dementia.

Fall
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Falling, Fall Down
umls:cui: C0085639
definition: A sudden movement downward, usually resulting in injury. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Family History of Mental Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0455379
comment: A person's family history about mental disorders.

Family Immigration
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Type
comment: Type of immigration that people choose to live in another country to join their families.

Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conducts
  some values from: Family Member Visit
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is family member of
  some values from: Care Recipient
Synonym: Person in the Family
umls:cui: C0086282
comment: The family members of a person.

Family Member Focused Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The interventions targeting family members of people with dementia.

Family Member Visit
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is conducted by
  some values from: Family Member
Synonym: Family Visit
comment: The treatment that involves having family members of the person with dementia to visit him/her in the long-term care facility.

Family Name
type: Class
subclass of: Person Name
Synonym: Surname, Last Name
umls:cui: C1301584
definition: Family name of person. From SNOMEDCT

Family Role
type: Class
subclass of: Role Identity
Synonym: Family Role (History)
umls:cui: C0680074
comment: The role (or character) people play in family.

Father
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Dad
umls:cui: C0015671
comment: A male parent of a person.

Fatigue
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Lassitude, Decreased Energy, Energy Loss, Lack of Energy, Tired, Tired All the Time, Tiredness, Tired Out, Weariness
umls:cui: C0015672
definition: The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. From MeSH

Fear
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
Synonym: Fright, Afraid, Fearfulness, Frightening, Scared
umls:cui: C0015726
definition: Emotional response or feeling characterized by being afraid, apprehensive or worried from an actual, anticipated or perceived danger or threat. From Perioperative Nursing Data Set

Fear of Bathing
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Ablutophobia
definition: The overwhelming fear of bathing, cleaning, or washing. From Healthline https://www.healthline.com/health/ablutophobia

Fear of Being Abandoned
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Fear of Abandonment
umls:cui: C3875022
comment: The fear of a person that people close to him/her will leave.

Fear of Being Alone
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Autophobia, Monophobia
umls:cui: C1821975
definition: The fear of being alone or lonely. Being alone, even in a usually comforting place like home, can result in severe anxiety for people with this condition. People with autophobia feel they need another person or other people around in order to feel safe. From Healthline https://www.healthline.com/health/autophobia

Fear of Crowd
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Fear of Crowded Places, Ochlophobia, Crowd Fear
umls:cui: C0701849
comment: Fear of a group of people gathered together

Fear of Dark
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Fear of the Dark
umls:cui: C2939430
comment: The fear of darkness.

Fear of Falling
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
Synonym: Fall Fear
umls:cui: C0877040
comment: The fear of falling (lose one's balance and collapse).

Fear of Transferring
type: Class
subclass of: Fear
comment: The fear of a person about being transferred from one place to another.

Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is feature of
  some values from: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The distinctive attributes of manifestation of emotional and mood disturbances in dementia.

Fecal Incontinence
type: Class
subclass of: Incontinence
Synonym: Bowel Incontinence, Anal Incontinence, Feces Incontinence, Unable to Restrain Bowel Movement, Incontinent of Stool
umls:cui: C0015732
definition: Involuntary passage of stool from the rectum. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Feeling Discouraged
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
comment: Feeling of having lost confidence or enthusiasm

Feeling Empty
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Feeling of Emptiness
comment: The feeling of a lack of meaning or purpose.

Feeling Hopeless
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Hoplessness, Feeling of Hopelessness, Loss of Hope for the Future
umls:cui: C0150041
definition: The despair you feel when you have abandoned hope of comfort or success.From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Feeling of Excessive Guilt
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
comment: Feeling excessively regretful for a perceived offence, real or imaginary.

Feeling Sad
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Feeling Unhappy
comment: Feeling of sorrow or unhappy

Feeling Worthless
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Feeling Useless
umls:cui: C4715182
comment: Feeling useless, or believing that oneself has nothing valuable to offer the world

Female
type: Class
subclass of: Biological Gender
comment: Female gender of a person assigned biologically at birth.

Festival Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Festival that a person prefers to celebrate and enjoy.

Fever
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Pyrexia, Body Temperature Above Reference Range, Hyperthermai, Increased Body Temperature, Has a Temperature, High Body Temperature, Temperature Elevated, Feverish
umls:cui: C0015967
definition: An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. From MeSH

Fidgeting
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0424235
comment: The behaviour of making small movements excessively, especially of the hands and feet.

Fighting
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0424324
comment: The behaviour of fighting.

Finding a Quiet and Comfortable Spot to Communicate with Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: The action of finding a quiet and comfortable spot to communicate with a person with dementia.

First Generation Immigrant
type: Class
subclass of: Immigrant Generation Status
umls:cui: C2047973
comment: Individuals who were born in a foreign country.

Fish Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Fish
umls:cui: C0856904
comment: Allergic reaction to fish that is triggered by the immune system.

Fishing Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of trying to catch fish.

Fishkeeping Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Pet Keeping Hobby
comment: Fishkeeping is a popular hobby, practiced by aquarists, concerned with keeping fish in a home aquarium or garden pond. From Wikepedia

Flexibility Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
umls:cui: C2945658
definition: Flexibility exercises are activities that improve the ability of a joint to maintain the movement necessary for carrying out daily tasks and physical activity. From www.nhs.uk (https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/how-to-improve-strength-flexibility/)

Floor Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
label: The game that can be played on floors, e.g., floor chess game.

Folding Clothes
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The organized activity of folding clothes.

Folding Towel
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The organized activity of folding towels.

Food Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Food
umls:cui: C0016470
comment: Food allergy is an abnormal response to a food triggered by human body's immune system. From MEDLINEPLUS

Food Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
umls:cui: C0016483
comment: Preference to one food over another.

Foot Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Foot preference is the tendency to be more skilled and comfortable using one foot instead of the other for tasks.

Footy Tipping Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity that participants can pick the winning team(s) in each week of a sporting season to earn some rewards (e.g., snack, voucher but no actual money) if successful.

Fracture
type: Class
subclass of: Injury
Synonym: Broken Bone, Bone Bracture
umls:cui: C0016658
definition: Breaks in bones. From MeSH

Frequency of Manifestation Of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is frequency of
  some values from: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The rate at which the emotional and mood disturbance performs over a particular period of time.

Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conducts
  some values from: Friend Visit
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is friend of
  some values from: Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0079382
comment: The friends of a person.

Friend Visit
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is conducted by
  some values from: Friend
comment: The treatment that involves having friends of the person with dementia to visit him/her in the long-term care facility.

Frontotemporal Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Dementia
Abbreviation: FTD
umls:cui: C0338451
definition: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of primary neurodegenerative disorders primarily affecting the frontal and temporal lobes. Onset is typically insidious with a gradual and worsening course. Several syndromic variants (some with an identified genetic basis or familiarity) are described that include presentations with predominantly marked personality and behavioural changes (such as executive dysfunction, apathy, deterioration of social cognition, repetitive behaviours, and dietary changes) or with predominantly language deficits (that include semantic, agrammatic/nonfluent, and logopenic forms), or with a combination of these deficits. Memory function, psychomotor speed, as well as visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities often remain relatively intact, particularly during the early stages of the disorder. From ICD11 version 09/2020

Frustration
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Feeling Frustrated
umls:cui: C0016770
definition: The motivational and/or affective state resulting from being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated. From MeSH

Gait Abnormality
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Abnormal Gait, Gait Problem, Gait Difficulty, Gait Disturbance, Impaired Gait, Abnormal Walk, Gait Disorder
umls:cui: C0575081
definition: A disorder characterized by walking difficulties. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Gambling Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Pathological Gambling, Compulsive Gambling
umls:cui: C0030662
definition: A disorder characterized by a preoccupation with gambling and the excitement that gambling with increasing risk provides. Pathological gamblers are unable to cut back on their gambling, despite the fact that it may lead them to lie, steal, or lose a significant relationship, job, or educational opportunity. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Garden
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
definition: A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the cultivation, display, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. (Wikipedia)

Gardening
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
umls:cui: C0868963
definition: Cultivation of plants (fruit, vegetable, medical herbs) on small plots of ground or in containers. From MeSH

Gardening Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of gardening.

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: GERD, GORD
Synonym: Gastroesophageal Reflux, Esophageal Reflux, Gastro-Esophageal Reflux, Gastric Acid Reflux Disease, Gastric Acid Reflux
umls:cui: C0017168
definition: Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER. From MeSH

Gay
type: Class
subclass of: LGBTQ
Synonym: Homosexual Male
umls:cui: C0242657
comment: A homosexual person, used especially of a man.

Gender Identity
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C0017249
comment: Identify of a person's gender assigned biologically at birth, or perceived by oneself.

General Practitioner
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
Abbreviation: GP
Synonym: General Physician, General Practice Physician, Local Medical Officer (LMO)
umls:cui: C0017319
definition: Physicians whose practice is not restricted to a specific field of medicine. From MeSH

Genetic Predisposition
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Genetic Susceptibility, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Inherited Predisposition, Inherited Susceptibility
umls:cui: C0314657
comment: The genetic characteristics that increase the probability of having a disease or disorder. From Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Geriatric Anxiety Inventory
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Abbreviation: GAI
definition: The Geriatric Anxiety Inventory (GAI) consists of 20 “Agree/Disagree” items designed to assess typical common anxiety symptoms. From Pachana, N., Byrne, G., Siddle, H., Koloski, N., Harley, E., & Arnold, E. (2007). Development and validation of the Geriatric Anxiety Inventory. International Psychogeriatrics, 19, 103-114. doi: 10.1017/S1041610206003504.

Geriatric Depression Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: GDS
Synonym: Questionnaires Geriatric Depression Scale
umls:cui: C0451184
definition: A standardized rating scale developed by Yesavage et al in 1983, which is a self-report assessment used to identify depression in older adults. The questionnaire contains 30 items. All questions are answered 'yes' or 'no'. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C2919619
definition: A standardized rating scale developed by Sheikh et al in 1986, which is a shorter version derived from the original GDS and used to identify depression in older adults. The questionnaire contains 15 items. All questions are answered 'yes' or 'no'. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Gerontologist
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
Synonym: Geriatrician, Geriatrics Specialist, Geriatric Physician, Geriatric Medicine Doctor, Griatric Medicine Specialist
umls:cui: C0586872
definition: Physicians specializing in physiological and pathological aspects of aging and the aged, including the clinical problems of senescene and senility. From MeSH

Get into Reading
type: Class
subclass of: Reading Activity
Abbreviation: GiR
definition: A specific literature-based intervention: all reading material is read aloud and open-ended discussion is encouraged by the project worker. Group members participate voluntarily in any way they wish. They interact in relation both to what is happening in the text itself and to what may be happening within themselves as individuals, responding to the shared presence of the text within the group. From Billington et al. 2013 A literature-based intervention for older people living with dementia

Given Name
type: Class
subclass of: Person Name
Synonym: Forename, First Name
umls:cui: C1443235
definition: Personal name used with a family name to form a full name. From SNOMEDCT

Giving Encouragement
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Encouraging, Offering Encouragement
umls:cui: C0582387
comment: The intervention of giving people encouragement.

Giving Single Step Instruction
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should provide instruction one step at a time when communicating with people with dementia.

Giving Visual Cue
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should give visual cues when communicating with a person with dementia.

Glare
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation of Vision Sense
Synonym: Glare - Optical Phenomena
umls:cui: C0278215
definition: Relatively bright light, or the dazzling sensation of relatively bright light, which produces unpleasantness or discomfort, or which interferes with optimal vision, ocular. From Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed

Goal Achieved
type: Class
subclass of: Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
disjoint with: Goal Not Achieved
umls:cui: C1272277
comment: The outcome that the goal has been achieved.

Goal Not Achieved
type: Class
subclass of: Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C1272276
comment: The outcome that the goal has not been achieved.

Godot Syndrome
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
definition: Godot syndrome, named after Samuel Beckett's famous play “Waiting for Godot,” has been described as the anxiety symptoms regarding upcoming events by repeatedly asking questions in the patients with cognitive and memory impairment, mostly dementia. From Huang, Yu-Ping MD1; Hsu, Yi-Chien MD1,2; Chen, Tien-Yu MD1,2; Huang, San-Yuan MD, PhD1; Tzeng, Nian-Sheng MD1,3 Venlafaxine Treatment in the Treatment of Godot Syndrome in a Patient With Geriatric Depression and Cognitive Impairment, American Journal of Therapeutics: May/June 2020 - Volume 27 - Issue 3 - p e315-e316 doi: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000980

Golf Putting Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: Golf putting game, designed in the shape of a triangle with an incline, so if the participant misses one of the five holes, the golf ball rolls back to them. Suitable for people who are less mobile, this game comes with one bright golf putting club and 4 golf balls. It can be folded away for easy storage.

Gottfries-Bråne-Steen Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: GBS Scale, GBS-S
definition: The Gottfries-Bråne-Steen (GBS) Scale is a comprehensive global assessment tool for evaluating dementia symptoms and is based on a semi-structured interview and observation of the patient.The scale consists of subscales measuring intellectual (12 items), emotional (3 items) and activities of daily living, primarily items of self-care (6 items); as well as 6 items of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. From Bråne G, Gottfries CG, Winblad B. The Gottfries-Bråne-Steen scale: validity, reliability and application in anti-dementia drug trials. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2001 Jan-Feb;12(1):1-14. doi: 10.1159/000051230. PMID: 11125236.

Grabbing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C4715140
comment: The behaviour of grasping suddenly and roughly.

Granddaughter
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Grand Daughter
umls:cui: C0337561
comment: A female grandchild of a person.

Grandfather
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Grandpa
umls:cui: C0337475
comment: The father of a person's father or mother.

Grandmother
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Grandma, Grand Mother
umls:cui: C0337474
comment: The mother of a person's father or mother.

Grandson
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Grand Son
umls:cui: C0337573
comment: A male grandchild of a person.

Great Granddaughter
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C1274024
definition: A daughter of one's grandchild. From Oxford Languagues

Great Grandfather
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337482
definition: The father of one's grandmother or grandfather. From Oxford Languages

Great Grandmother
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337481
definition: The mother of one's grandmother or grandfather. From Oxford Languages

Great Grandson
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C1274023
definition: A son of one's grandchild. From Oxford Languages

Grief
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Grief Reaction, Normal Grief Reaction to Life Event, Normal Bereavement Reaction, Greiving
umls:cui: C0018235
definition: Normal, appropriate sorrowful response to an immediate cause. it is self-limiting and gradually subsides within a reasonable time. From MeSH

Groaning
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Moaning
umls:cui: C4552524
comment: The behaviour of making a deep inarticulate sound.

Group Delivery of Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
disjoint with: Individual Delivery of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: Nonpharmacological interventions are being administered in a group format.

Grunting
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0234892
comment: The behaviour of making a low, short guttural sound.

Gustatory Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Impairment
Synonym: Hypogeusia, Decreased Sense of Taste, Decreased Taste, Taste Diminished, Gustatory Sense Diminished
umls:cui: C0151934
definition: Decreased ability to taste. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Haematological Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Hematological Disease, Blood Disease, Disorder of Hematopoietic System, Hemopoietic Disorder
umls:cui: C0018939
definition: Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues. From MeSH

Haemorrhage
type: Class
subclass of: Injury
Synonym: Hemorrhage, Bleeding, Extravasation of Blood
umls:cui: C0019080
definition: Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel. From MeSH

Hair Appointment
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of going to a hairdressing facility for a haircut or hairdressing.

Hair Care Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Hygiene Preference
umls:cui: C0582056
comment: Preference to hair care, such as preference for using oil on hair.

Hallucination
type: Class
subclass of: Psychosis
umls:cui: C0018524
definition: Sensory perceptions of any modality occuring in the absence of the appropriate (external) stimulus. The person may or may not have insight into the unreal nature of the perception. From ICD-11

Hallucinogen Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Hallucinogen Dependence
umls:cui: C0018528
definition: A drug dependence for a hallucinogenic substance. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Hallway
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
Synonym: Foyer
umls:cui: C0562499
comment: The room or space just inside the front entrance of a house or a building.

Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Abbreviation: HAM-A
Synonym: Hamilton Anxiety Scale
umls:cui: C5189134
definition: The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale is a rating scale developed to measure the severity of anxiety symptoms. It consists of 14 itmes, each defined by a series of symptoms, and measures both psychic anxiety (mental agitation and psychological distress) and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety). From Hamilton M. 1959 The assessment of anxiety states by rating. Br J Med Psychol, 32.

Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: HRSD, Ham-D, HAM-D
umls:cui: C0451203
definition: The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression is a clinician-administered depression assessment scale. The original verison contains 17 items. A later 21-item version included 4 items intended to subtype the depression. From Hamilton M. 1960 A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 23

Hand Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
umls:cui: C0422881
definition: Hand Preference is the tendency to be more skilled and comfortable using one hand instead of the other for tasks such as writing and throwing a ball. From MEDLINEPLUS

Hand Wringing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Hand Rubbing
umls:cui: C0239846
comment: The behaviour of constant twisting of the hands of a person as an expression of distress or concern.

Handicraft
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
definition: Activity involving the making of decorative domestic or other objects by hand. From Oxford Languagues

Handover Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
comment: Routine time for the effective transfer of professional responsibility and accountability for some or all aspects of care for a care recipient, or care recipients, to another person or professional group on a temporary or permanent basis.

Happy Hour Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity that participants can enjoy drinks and appetizers at a certain period of time (e.g., 4pm-5pm).

Happy Life Event
type: Class
subclass of: Previous Life Event
Synonym: Positive Life Event
comment: Life events of a person that are positive and enjoyable, such as a wedding.

Harm to Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Family Member
comment: The physical damage to the body of one's family member(s).

Harm to Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Friend
comment: The physical damage (causing by one's emotional and mood disturbances) to the body of one's friend(s).

Harm to Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
comment: The physical damage to the body of health care professionals, which are caused by emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia.

Harm to Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Other Care Recipient
Synonym: Harm to Other Resident
comment: The physical damage, that is caused by emotional and mood disturbances of a person with dementia, to the body of other person living in the long-term care facility.

Having Garden
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: The long-term care facility should have a garden for people with dementia to use or enjoy.

Having Garden Shed
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: The intervention of having a garden shed in the environment for people with dementia to use.

Having Kitchen
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: The long-term care facility should have a kitchen for people with dementia to use or enjoy.

Having Patience
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should have patience when communicating with people with dementia.

Having Personal Furnishing
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: There should be personal furnishings (e.g., funiture, rugs and art objects) in the environment where people with dementia live.

Having Personal Memory Box
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: There should be a personal memory box for each person with dementia that contains objects representing special time, event or person. Memory boxes can prompt conversation and provide mental and emotional stimulation.

Having Personalised Door
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
comment: Having a personalised door, especially bedroom doors

Having Regular Routine
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Consistency of Daily Routine, Structured Daily Routine
comment: The intervention of having a regular routine for a person with dementia.

Having Washing Line
type: Class
subclass of: Providing Home Like Environment
Synonym: Having Clothesline
comment: The intervention of having washing line (clothesline) in the environment of long-term care facility.

Health Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: A health assessment looks at a person's health, physical, psychological and social function.

Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: cares for
  some values from: Care Recipient
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conducts
  some values from: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has care goal
  some values from: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has communication skill
  some values from: Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: uses tool
  some values from: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Health Professional, Healthcare Professional
umls:cui: C1704312
comment: All service providers working within the context of the health system, such as doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and medical social workers.

Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The interventions targeting health care professionals delivering care to people with dementia.

Health Care Professional Recognition Program
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
Synonym: Staff Recognition Program, Employee Recognition Program, Employee Rewarding and Recognition Program
comment: Health care professional recognition programs are organizational initiatives to reward its staff for achievement, new behaviors, anniversaries and milestones.

Hearing Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Ability
Synonym: Perception of Sound, Audition
umls:cui: C0018767
definition: The ability of sensing and transducing acoustic stimulation to the central nervious system. From MeSH

Helping People with Dementia Find Words for Self Expression
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should help people with dementia find words for self-expression when communicating with them.

Heterosexuality
type: Class
subclass of: Sexual Orientation
Synonym: Normal Sexual State, Heterosexaul, Straight, Heterosexual State
umls:cui: C0019421
definition: The sexual attraction or relationship between members of the opposite sex. From MeSH

Hiding Object
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of inappropriately hiding things, such as dirty clothes and used incontinence aids.

Highly Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effective
Source: Wiskow, K. M., Donaldson, J. M., & Matter, A. L. (2017). An evaluation of generalization of compliance across response types. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 402-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bar0000087
Synonym: Very Effective
comment: Very successful in producing a desired or intended result

History of Arthritis
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Arthritis
umls:cui: C0260477
comment: Personal history of arthritis.

History of Asthma
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Asthma
comment: Personal history of asthma, which is a chronic respiratory disease manifested as difficulty breathing due to the narrowing of bronchial passageways. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

History of Cancer
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Individual Cancer History, Personal History of Cancer
umls:cui: C1512706
definition: A person's medical background regarding the occurrence of cance and cancer-related problems. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

History of Choking
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
umls:cui: C2051649
comment: History that the person was observed to choke.

History of Chronic Health Condition
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: History of Chronic Illness, Personal History of Chronic Health Condition
comment: Information about health conditions that persist over a significant span of time.

History of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Abbreviation: History of COPD
Synonym: History of Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease, Personal History of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
comment: Personal history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which is a group of lung diseases that make it hard to breathe and get worse over time. From MEDLINEPLUS

History of Constipation
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
comment: History informatio about constipation of a person.

History of Diabetes
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Diabetes, History of Diabetes Mellitus
comment: Personal history of diabetes, which is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. (MeSH)

History of Fall
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
umls:cui: C1561668
comment: History of a person's fall.

History of Head Injury
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
umls:cui: C0455587
comment: Information about history of a person's head injury.

History of Heart Disease
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Heart Disease
comment: Personal history of heart disease.

History of Heart Failure
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Heart Failure
comment: Personal history of heart failure.

History of High Cholesterol
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: History of Hypercholesterolemia, Personal History of High Cholesterol, History of Elevated Cholesterol
comment: Personal history of abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood.

History of Hypertension
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Hypertension, History of Hypertensive Disease
comment: Personal history of abnormally high blood pressure.

History of Kidney Disease
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Kidney Disease, History of Disorder of Kidney
comment: Personal history of kidney disease.

History of Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Medication History, Drug History
umls:cui: C5238735
definition: A history of the medication that the patient has taken. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

History of Mental Health
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Personal History of Mental and Behavioral Disorder
umls:cui: C2977653
comment: A personal history of mental and behavioral disorders.

History of Obesity
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Obesity
comment: Personal history of obesity.

History of Oral Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Personal History of Oral Disease
comment: A personal history of oral disease.

History of Osteoporosis
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: Personal History of Osteoporosis
umls:cui: C3532614
comment: Personal history of osteoporosis, which is a condition marked by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile.

History of Pain
type: Class
subclass of: Medical History
Synonym: Pain History
comment: A person's history of pain.

History of Sleep Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: History of Chronic Health Condition
Synonym: History of Sleep Disorder, Personal History of Sleep Disorder
comment: Personal history of abnormality of sleep.

History of Taking Illicit Medication
type: Class
subclass of: History of Medication
Synonym: History of Taking Illicit Drug
comment: Information about a person's history of taking illicit drugs (drugs that are manufeatured, obtained, or sold illegally).

History of Taking Non-prescribed Medication
type: Class
subclass of: History of Medication
Synonym: History of Taking Non-prescribed Drug
comment: Information about a person's history of taking nonprescribed drug.

History of Taking Prescription Medication
type: Class
subclass of: History of Medication
Synonym: History of Taking Prescription Drug
comment: A person's history information about what prescription drugs taken.

Hitting
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Hitting Other Person, Striking, Lashing
umls:cui: C0562583
comment: The behaviour of hitting other person.

Hoarding
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of accumulating objects and hiding or storing away, such as accumulating toilet paper.

Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0019826
definition: Leisure activities engaged in for pleasure. From MeSH

Homeopathy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Homeopathic Therapy, Homeopathic Remedy
umls:cui: C0684199
definition: A system of therapeutics founded by Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843), based on the Law of Similars where "like cures like". Diseases are treated by highly diluted substances that cause, in healthy persons, symptoms like those of the disease to be treated. From MeSH

Homesickness
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Homesick
umls:cui: C0850008
definition: Homesickness is the distress caused by being away from home. From Wikipedia

Horticultural Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Garden Therapy, Gardening Therapy, Therapeutic Horticulture
umls:cui: C0454057
definition: A therapeutic approach in which the engagement of a person in gardening and plant-based activities are utilized in proving an individual's social, emotional, educational, psychological, and physical well-being. From MeSH

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: A standardized survey developed and copyrighted by A. S. Zigmond and R. P. Snaith in 1983, 1992, 1994 and published in the Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica journal (A.S. Zigmond and R.P. Snaith. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta psychiart. scand. 1983, 67:361-370) which is used to detect depression and anxiety in individuals in a hospital or medical outpatient clinic. This instrument is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 14 items that assess how the individual has felt over the past week. Each item as 4 response options that are associated with a score of 0 to 3. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus
Abbreviation: HADS
Synonym: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Questionnaire
umls:cui: C3539657

Howling
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0234879
comment: The behaviour of making a long, doleful cry or wailing sound.

Humor Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Humor Facilitation
umls:cui: C0597811
definition: Facilitating the people to perceive, appreciate, and express what is funny, amusing, or ludicrous in order to establish relationships, relieve tension, release anger, facilitate learning, or cope with painful feelings. From the U.S. Nursing Interventions Classification Thesaurus

Hunger
type: Class
subclass of: Unmet Physiological Need
Synonym: Hungry, Food Hunger
umls:cui: C0020175
comment: The desire for food

Husband
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0242664
comment: The male partner in marriage.

Hypercholesterolemia
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C0020443
definition: A condition with abnormally high levels of cholesterol in the blood. From MeSH

Hypocholesterolemia
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C0151718
definition: Abnormally diminished amount of cholesterol in the blood. From The Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Identifying Antecedant of Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
Synonym: Identifying Precipitant of Behaviour, Identifying Leading Event
comment: Identifying the antecedent event or events that lead to the behaviour of concern

Identifying Care Goal
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment Plan Development
Synonym: Setting Health Care Goal, Identifying Goals of Care, Identifying Healthcare Goal
umls:cui: C1821661
definition: Identifying and agreeing to goals of care is to develop a shared understanding between care recipients, family, carers, other support people and the clinicians in the multidisciplinary team. From the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care

Identifying Consequence of Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: Identifying the impact of the behaviour on the person, staff, other people and the environment.

Identifying People Affected
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying People Involved
comment: The activity of identifying people who have been affected by an event.

Identifying People Involved
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: Identifying people involved in the manifestation of emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia

Identifying Time of Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: Identifying the time of manifestation of behaviour

Identifying Witness
type: Class
subclass of: Identifying People Involved
comment: The activity of identifying witnesses who have actually seen an event.

Identifying Location of Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Behavioural Observation
comment: Identifying the location that the behaviour is manifested

Illness in Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
comment: Information about the illness of a person's family member.

Immigrant Generation Status
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Information
comment: Status of immigrant generation - which generation.

Immigration Information
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
comment: Information of a person's immigration.

Immigration Type
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Information
comment: Type of immigration.

Impaired Social Functioning
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Impairment in Social Functioning
umls:cui: C0679477
comment: The limitations of an individual with his/her environment and the ability to fulfill his/her role within such environment due to the illness.

Improving Quality of Life of Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The general care goal of improving the quality of life of other people who are around a person with emotional and mood disturbances.

Improving Quality of Life of Person with Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The general goal of improving quality of life of a person with emotional and mood disturbances.

Inappropriate Dressing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Inappropriately Dressed
umls:cui: C0424472
comment: The behaviour of wearing clothes that are not suitable or proper in the circumstances.

Inappropriate Gesture
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
definition: The behaviour of making an obsene gesture - a movement or position of the body, especially a hand, the face or the arm - that is considered offensive or vulgar.

Inappropriate Sexual Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Sexually Inappropriate Behaviour
umls:cui: C0474420
comment: The behaviour that is a sexual act which is inappropriate within the context in which it is performed. From Hooren and Waterink 2015 "Uncontrolled Sexual Behaviour in Dementia" DOI:10.5772/59979

Inappropriate Undressing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Inappropriate Disrobing
comment: The behaviour of taking off clothes in the inappropriate circumstances.

Inappropriately Handling Object
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of handling objects inappropriately, such as dumping water jug, and twisting phone card.

Incontinence
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C0021167
definition: Involuntary passage of stool or unrine from the body. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Increase in Appetite
type: Class
subclass of: Change in Appetite
umls:cui: C3840648
comment: The increasing of one's desire to eat food.

Increased Dependence On Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: Increased reliance on other people for assistance

Increased Emergency Department Admission
type: Class
subclass of: Increased Hospitalisation
Synonym: Increased Emergency Room Admission
comment: The increased admission to the emergency department of a hospital.

Increased Health Care Cost
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Society
Synonym: Increased Health Cost
comment: Increased the actual costs of providing services related to the delivery of health care, including the costs of procedures, therapies, and medications.

Increased Health Care Utilisation
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Society
Synonym: Increased Health Care Utilization
comment: Increased the use of health care services by persons for preventing and curing health problems.

Increased Hospital Admission
type: Class
subclass of: Increased Hospitalisation
Synonym: Increased Admission to Hospital
comment: The increased admission to a hospital.

Increased Hospitalisation
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Society
Synonym: Increased Hospitalization
comment: The times of being treated in a hospital are increased.

Increased Risk of Accidental Injury
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: Emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia may increase the risk of accidental injury, such as fall.

Increased Risk of Elder Abuse
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
comment: The emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia may increase the risk of elder abuse.

Indecisiveness
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C0679168
comment: Being unable to decide, conclude, or resolve something.

Indifferenct Emotion
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Emotional Indifference
comment: Not showing or feeling interest

Indigestion
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Dyspepsia
umls:cui: C0013395
definition: Impaired digestion, especially after eating. From MeSH

Individual Delivery of Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: Nonpharmacological interventions are being administered in an individual format.

Infection
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C3714514
definition: Invastion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or disease. From MeSH

Information about Activity of Daily Living
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Information about Activities of Daily Life, Information about Daily Routine
comment: Information about the basic activities of daily life, such as dressing, or eating.

Information about Continence Care
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
comment: Information about how a person care his/her continence, e.g., toileting or using continence aids.

Information about Eating
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
comment: Information about the way a person eats, such as, eating routine and eating environment (e.g., breakfast in bed, eating meal in front of television, eating meal outside).

Information about Mobility
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
Synonym: Information about Ambulating, Information about Transferring
comment: Information about how a person to move from one position to another, e.g., walk independently.

Information about Personal Grooming
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
comment: Information of a person's clothes and appearance, such as, dressing habit.

Information about Personal Hygiene
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
comment: Information about how a person bathe and groom oneself and maintain dental, hygiene, nail, and hair care.

Information about Sleep
type: Class
subclass of: Information about Activity of Daily Living
comment: Information about sleep of a person, such as, sleeping pattern (e.g., sleeping late and waking up early), and sleep environment.

Informing Legal Representative
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The act of informing the legal representative of a person with dementia.

Informing Medical Practitioner
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Reporting to Doctor, Notifying Doctor, Informing Doctor, Informing GP
umls:cui: C0582446
definition: Actions performed to communicate with a physician/provider. From Clinical Care Classification

Informing Nurse
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Contacting Nurse, Reporting to Nurse
umls:cui: C0204646
definition: Actions performed to communicate with another nurse. From Clinical Care Classification

Informing Person with Dementia Before Going into Personal Space
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should always inform a person with dementia before going into his/her personal space to implement care.

Informing Relative
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Talking to Relative, Speaking to Relative
umls:cui: C0582447
comment: The act of informing the relative of a person with dementia.

Injury
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Traumatic Injury
umls:cui: C3263723
definition: Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Insect Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Insect
umls:cui: C4759911
definition: Bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets and fire ants are the most common stinging insects that cause an allergic reaction. Non-stinging insects can also cause allergic reactions. The most common are cockroaches and the insect-like dust mite. Allergies to these two insects may be the most common cause of year-round allergy and asthma. From Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America https://www.aafa.org/types-of-allergies/

Insecurity
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C0233497
definition: Uncertainty or anxiety that things are not fixed or safe. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Insensitivity
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
umls:cui: C0237677
definition: Lack of concern for others' feelings. From Oxford Languages

Insomnia
type: Class
subclass of: Sleep Disturbance
Synonym: Sleeplessness, Insomnia Disorder, Diffculty Staying or Falling Asleep
umls:cui: C0917801
definition: A sleep disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep and/or remaining sleep. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Institutional Restriction
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
Synonym: Institutional Constraint
comment: Legal or other restrictions placed by the institution for care recipients and workers to follow.

Insufficient Lighting
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation of Vision Sense
Synonym: Poor Lighting
umls:cui: C4061117
comment: The inadequate lighting.

Interaction with Other Care Recipient
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
Synonym: Interaction with Other Resident
comment: Social interaction with other care recipients living in the same long-term care facility, e.g., talking about current affairs with other care recipients.

Interfering with Other People Belonging
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of interfering with other people's belongings.

Intergenerational Care
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: Intergenerational care is one form of intervention which may offer benefits to the care home environment and its residents by engaging people with dementia in new relationships and activities with younger people. From Chandler and Gillin, 2020, Dementia in care homes: Using an intergenerational programme to support engagement, community inclusion and positive care environments. Alzheimer's and Dementia. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.039874

Internet-Based Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Internet Intervention, Online Intervention, Web-based Intervention
umls:cui: C3898714
definition: Any program that uses the internet to alter, modify, or eliminate a behavior. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Internet Gaming Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Video Game Addiction, Internet Gaming Disorder
umls:cui: C4760905
definition: The problematic, compulsive use of video games that results in significant impairment to an individual's ability to function in various life domains over a prolonged period of time. From Wikipedia

Interpersonal Causative Factor
type: Class
subclass of: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Interpersonal Stressor
comment: Interpersonal factors that may cause emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Interpersonal Psychotherapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
umls:cui: C0871787
definition: Interpersonal modification of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Therapy is present-focused and seeks to resolve problems in interpersonal relations. Aspects of attachment theory are used to analyze how past relationships affect current relationships. From MeSH

Interpreter
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is interpreter of
  some values from: Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0150646
definition: Someone who mediates between speakers of different languages. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has outcome
  some values from: Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: treats
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Interventional Procedure, Intervention Strategy
umls:cui: C0184661
comment: The actual treatments and actions that are performed to treat, or improve emotional and mood disturbances of a person with dementia.

Intrapersonal Causative Factor
type: Class
subclass of: Causative Factor of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The intrapersonal factors that may cause emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Introducing Self for People Who are Unable to Remember Name
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should introduce oneself for people with dementia who are unable to remember their names.

Introversion
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
umls:cui: C0021924
definition: People with introversion personality trait feel more comfortable focusing on their inner thoughts and ideas, rather than what's happening externally. From https://www.webmd.com/balance/introvert-personality-overview

Involving Care Recipient in Care Planning
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment Plan Development
Synonym: Involving Resident in Planning Care
comment: The activity of involving the care recipient in care planning.

Involving Legal Representative in Care Planning
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment Plan Development
comment: The activity of involving the representative of a care recipient in care planning.

Irritability
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Irritable Mood, Fussiness, Feeling Irritable
umls:cui: C0022107
definition: Abnormal or excessive excitability with easily triggered anger, annoyance, or impatience. From MeSH

Itch of Skin
type: Class
subclass of: Skin Problem
Synonym: Itch of Skin, Itching, Itchy, Pruritus of Skin, Pruritic Disorder, Pruritic Dermatitis, Scratching Skin, Pruritus
umls:cui: C0033774
definition: An irritating feeling that produces the desire to scratch. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Japanese Garden Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Horticultural Therapy
definition: Japanese garden intervention is a nonpharmacological intervention that people with dementia stay in a Japanese garden twice a week for 15 minutes. From Goto et al. 2014 Differential responses of individuals with late-stage dementia to two novel environments: a multimedia room and an interior garden. Journal of Alzheimers Disease, 42:3

Joking Excessively
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
comment: Telling inappropriate jokes excessively

Kicking
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C2371406
comment: The behaviour of hitting or striking someone or something with the foot.

Kitchen
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
umls:cui: C0557653
definition: A room or part of a room used for cooking and food preparation. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Knitting Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
umls:cui: C0868977
comment: The activity that yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric.

Knitting Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of knitting.

KurzSkala Stimmung/Aktivierung
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: KUSTA
Synonym: KurzSkala Stimmung/Aktivierung Rating Scale
definition: KUSTA (Kurz-Skala Stimmung/Aktivierung) is a daily self-rating scale for depressive patients. From Wendt G, Binz U, Müller AA. KUSTA (Kurz-Skala Stimmung/Aktivierung): a daily self-rating scale for depressive patients. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1985 Jan;18(1):118-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1017337. PMID: 3991800.

LGBTQ
type: Class
subclass of: Sexual Orientation
comment: LGBTQ is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer.

Lack of Communication
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C1845268
comment: The lack of communication of a person with others.

Lack of Concern
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Diminished Concern
comment: A person is lack of caring in different aspects of life events.

Lack of Feeling Emotion
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Reduced emotional reactivity, Less Emotional, Emotional Blunting
umls:cui: C3160924
comment: The lack of emotional reactivity.

Lack of Knowledge of Dementia Care
type: Class
subclass of: Interpersonal Causative Factor
comment: Health care professional may be lacking in knowledge about dementia care.

Lack of Pleasurable Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
comment: The lack of activities that are pleasurable and enjoyable for people with dementia.

Lack of Predictable Daily Routine
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
comment: The lack of daily routine that can be predicted by people with dementia.

Lack of Privacy
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
Synonym: Actual Lack of Privacy
umls:cui: C2712041
comment: The state of being not free from intrusion or disturbance in one's daily life.

Lack of Spatial Awareness
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
comment: A person may have a deficit in spatial awareness, such as difficulties pinpointing the location of something they see, hear, or feel.

Lack of Spontaneity
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
umls:cui: C1822592
comment: The decreased spontaneous action. For instance, an apathetic person will eat or drink if food is supplied but may make little effort to prepare food spontaneously.

Lack of Visual Cue in Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation of Vision Sense
comment: The lack of visual signs/signals in the environment for serving people.

Language Information
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
comment: Information about languages used by a person and if he/she needs an interpreter to communicate with others.

Latex Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Natural Rubber Latex Allergy, Rubber Latex Allergy, Allergy to Rubber
umls:cui: C0577628
definition: A latex allergy is an allergic reaction to natural rubber latex. Natural rubber latex gloves, balloons, condoms and other natural rubber products contain latex. An allergy to latex can be a serious health risk. From Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America https://www.aafa.org/types-of-allergies/

Laughing Excessively
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
Synonym: Excessive Laughing
umls:cui: C2215618
comment: Expressively show happy emotions

Laundry Room
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: A room where clothes, sheets, and towels are washed and dried.

Legal Representative
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is legal representative of
  some values from: Care Recipient
definition: An individual who is designated to act on behalf of persons who are considered incapable of acting in their own behalf. From MeSH

Lego Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Lego Therapy
comment: The activities of using lego building blocks.

Lesbian
type: Class
subclass of: LGBTQ
Synonym: Homosexual Female
umls:cui: C1533642
definition: A woman whose physical, emotional, or romantic attraction is to other women. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Less Attention to Surrounding Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
comment: Pay less attention to one's surrounding environment

Less Likely to Engage in Conversation
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Motivation
comment: Less Likely to engage in a conversation with someone

Less Likely to Initiate Conversation
type: Class
subclass of: Reduced Initiation
comment: Less Likely to start having a onversation with someone

Liaising with Legal Representative
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The act of cooperating with the legal representative of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern.

Liaising with Medical Practitioner
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Liaising with Physician
umls:cui: C4041416
comment: The act of cooperating with the medical practitioner of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern.

Liaising with Pharmacist
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C4041532
comment: The act of cooperating with the pharmacist of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern.

Liaising with Relative
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C1279781
comment: The act of cooperating with relatives of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern.

Life Style
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Lifestyle, Life Pattern
umls:cui: C0023676
definition: Typical way of life or manner of living characteristic of an individual or group. From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed

Light Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Abbreviation: BLT
Synonym: Phototherapy, Photoradiation Therapy, Illumination Therapy
umls:cui: C0031765
definition: Treatment of disease by exposure to light, especially by various concentrated light rays or specific wavelengths. From MeSH

Lille Apathy Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: LARS
definition: The Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS) is based on a structured interview. It includes 33 items, divided into nine domains. Responses are scored on a dichotomous scale. The participants used to validate the scale consisted of 159 patients with probable Parkinson's disease and 58 healthy control subjects. From Sockeel, P et al. “The Lille apathy rating scale (LARS), a new instrument for detecting and quantifying apathy: validation in Parkinson's disease.” Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry vol. 77,5 (2006): 579-84. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.075929

Listening to Audiobook
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Talking Book Activity
comment: The activity of listening to an audiobook or a talking book.

Listening to Classical Music
type: Class
subclass of: Passive Music Therapy
comment: The intervention of listening to the classical music, such as music composed by Beethoven, Bach and Mozart.

Listening to Familiar Music
type: Class
subclass of: Passive Music Therapy
comment: The intervention of listening to the music that is familiar to a person.

Listening to Preferred Music
type: Class
subclass of: Passive Music Therapy
comment: The intervention of listening to the personal perferred music, e.g., folk songs from childhood.

Listening to Radio
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of listening to the radio.

Listening to Radio Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of listening to the radio.

Listening to Relaxing Music
type: Class
subclass of: Passive Music Therapy
comment: The intervention of listening to relaxing music.

Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is location of
  some values from: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The location (place) of manifestation of emotional and mood disturbances.

Locking Up Medication When not in Use
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Medication Management
comment: Medications that are not in use should be locked up to provent the medication misuse.

Loneliness
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Feeling Lonely
umls:cui: C0023974
comment: Feeling sad and unhappy as a result of lack of companionship or being separated from others.

Long Period of Inactivity
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: A person may do not move his/her body for long periods of time.

Loss of Dignity
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Dignity Loss
comment: Losing the capability for self-determination, sensing hopelessness and worthlessness in a shroud of illness, and being situated in surroundings that enhanced their sense of disconnection. From Jinnan Xiao, Marques S. N. Ng, Tingting Yan, Ka Ming Chow, Carmen W. H. Chan. (2021) How patients with cancer experience dignity: An integrative review. Psycho-Oncology 30:8, pages 1220-1231.

Loss of Energy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Fatigue, Tiredness, Weariness, Lacking in Energy, Tired Out
umls:cui: C0015672
definition: The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli. From MeSH

Loss of Independence
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Independence Loss
umls:cui: C0946204
comment: The loss of independence of a person.

Loss of Interest
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Diminished Interest, Lack of Interest, Decreased Interest, Disinterest, Be disinterested in
umls:cui: C0424091
comment: The loss of the feeling of wanting to know or learn about something or someone.

Loss of Interest in Eating Food
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Interest
comment: The loss of interest in eating food.

Loss of Interest in Family
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Interest
comment: The loss of feeling of want to know and pay attention to one's own family.

Loss of Interest in Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Interest
comment: The loss of feeling of want to know and pay attention to one's own friends.

Loss of Interest in Previously Enjoyable Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Interest
umls:cui: C1562291
comment: The loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities.

Loss of Libido
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Loss of Sex Drive, Diminishing Sexual Interest, Loss of Sexual Desire
umls:cui: C2981158
comment: Loss of sex drive

Loss of Motivation
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Lack of Motivation, Diminished Motivation, Reduction of Goal Directed Behaviour
umls:cui: C0456814
definition: A reduction in goal-directed behavior, that is, motivation, the determinant of behavior and adaptation that allows individuals to get started, be energized to perform a sustained and directed action. From HPO: probinson, PMID: 16030444

Loss of Pleasure
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C2185938
comment: The loss of the happy feeling.

Loss of Pleasure from Usually Pleasuable Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Pleasure
umls:cui: C4295455
comment: The loss of positive affect or pleasure in response to usually pleasurable activities.

Loss of Self-Esteem
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Lack of Self-Esteem, Low Self-Esteem
umls:cui: C0424219
comment: Loss of self-esteem is when an individual lacks confidence about who he/she is and what he/she can do.

Lounge Room
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
Synonym: Lounge, Lounge Environment, Lounge Area
umls:cui: C0557644
comment: A room or area in the long-term care facility for general everyday use

Lunch Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: Midday Meal Time
umls:cui: C0585039
comment: The time of people having midday meal.

Making Bed
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Making Patient Bed
umls:cui: C0204676
comment: The intervention of making one's bed by pulling up and tidying the covers on a bed.

Making Bizarre Noise
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of making very strange or unusual noise.

Making Buzzer Easy to Reach
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Making Pager Easy to Reach
comment: The intervention of making the buzzer easy to reach.

Making Exit Less Obvious
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Make exists less obvious to reduce the risk that a person with dementia may wander away from the facility

Male
type: Class
subclass of: Biological Gender
comment: Male gender of a person assigned biologically at birth.

Malnutrition
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Undernutrition, Nutritional Deficiency, Malnourishment,
umls:cui: C0162429
definition: An imbalanced nutritional status resulting from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement. From MeSH

Man
type: Class
subclass of: Perceived Gender
comment: A person, who regardless of their sex assigned at birth, identifies as a man.

Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has target person
  some values from: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has time
  some values from: Time
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is conducted by
  some values from: Person
comment: The activities conducted for managing emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Management Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is outcome of
  some values from: Intervention
Synonym: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia Treatment Outcome, Outcome of Emotional and Mood Disturbance Treatment
comment: The result of intervention for emotional and mood disturbances in a person with dementia.

Manifestation of Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: The manifestation of addiction.

Manifestation of Alcohol Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of physical and psychological dependence on alcohol.

Manifestation of Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: The performance of allergic reaction.

Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Synonym: Presentation of Anxiety in Dementia, Expression of Anxiety in Dementia
comment: The actions of a person with dementia that clearly show the anxiety.

Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Presentation of Apathy in Dementia, Expression of Apathy in Dementia
comment: The actions of a person with dementia that clearly show the apathy.

Manifestation of Cannabis Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis.

Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Presentation of Depression in Dementia, Expression of Depression in Dementia, Depressive Behaviour
comment: The actions of a person with dementia that clearly show the depression.

Manifestation of Drug Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to a pharmaceutical product.

Manifestation of Egg Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to eggs.

Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has duration
  some values from: Duration of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has feature
  some values from: Feature of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has frequency
  some values from: Frequency of Manifestation Of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has location
  some values from: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has time
  some values from: Time
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Presentation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia, Expression of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia, Sign of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The actions of a person with dementia that clearly show the emotional and mood disturbances.

Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Euphoria in Dementia
Synonym: Presentation of Euphoria in Dementia, Expression of Euphoria in Dementia
comment: The actions of a person with dementia that clearly show the euphoria.

Manifestation of Fish Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to fish.

Manifestation of Food Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to a type of food.

Manifestation of Gambling Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of gambling addiction.

Manifestation of Hallucinogen Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of drug dependence for a hallucinogenic substance.

Manifestation of Insect Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to insects, e.g., bees, wasps, hornet, and yellow jackets.

Manifestation of Internet Gaming Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of internet gaming addiction.

Manifestion of Latex Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to natural rubber latex.

Manifestation of Milk Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products.

Manifestation of Mould Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
Synonym: Manifestation of Mold Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to the spores of molds or other fungi.

Manifestation of Nicotine Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of nicotine addiction.

Manifestation of Opioid Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of addiction to opioids.

Manifestation of Peanut Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to peanuts.

Manifestation of Pet Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to pets with fur, e.g., cats and dogs.

Manifestation of Pollen Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Allergy
Synonym: Manifestation of Hay Fever
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to pollen released by trees, grasses and weeds.

Manifestation of Shellfish Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to shellfish or shellfish products.

Manifestation of Soybean Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to soybean or soybean products.

Manifestation of Stimulant Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Addiction
comment: The manifestation of addiction to stimulants which are a class of drugs, such as caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine.

Manifestation of Tree Nut Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to tree nut (e.g., walnut and hazelnut) or tree nut products.

Manifestation of Wheat Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Food Allergy
comment: The performance of allergic reactions to wheat.

Marital Status
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C0024819
definition: A demographic parameter indicating a person's status with respect to marriage, divorce, widowhood, singleness, etc. From MeSH

Massage Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Preference of a certain massage in terms of massage method and location of the body

Massage Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Synonym: Massage
umls:cui: C3536731
definition: A treatment in which the soft tissues of the body are kneaded, rubbed, tapped, and stroked. Massage therapy may help people relax, relieve stress and pain, lower blood pressure, and improve circulation. It is being studied in the treatment of cancer symptoms such as lack of energy, pain, swelling, and depression. From the U.S. National Cancer Insitute Thesaurus

Matching Socks
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of matching socks.

Medical History
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0262926
definition: A collection of information about a person's health. It may include information about allergies, illness and surgeris, and dates and results of physical exams, tests, screenings, and immunizations. It may also include information about medicines taken and about diet and exercise. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Medical Illness
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Medical Condition, Illness, Sickness
umls:cui: C0221423
definition: A state of ill health, bodily malfunction, or discomfort. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Medical Practitioner
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Physician
umls:cui: C1306754
definition: Medical Practitioner means a person registered or licensed as a medical practitioner under a law of a State or Territory that provides for the registration or licensing of medical practititioners. From Australian Government Department of Health

Medicare Number
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C1549712
comment: Medicare number of a person.

Medication Change
type: Class
subclass of: Medication Effect
Synonym: Change of Medication
umls:cui: C0580105
comment: The changes of medications prescribed for a person.

Medication Effect
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Medication Response
umls:cui: C1319171
definition: Therapeutic and adverse effects of prescribed medication. From Nursing Outcome Classification

Medication Interaction
type: Class
subclass of: Medication Effect
Synonym: Drug Interaction, Drug-Drug Interaction
umls:cui: C0687133
definition: The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug. From MeSH

Medication Side Effect
type: Class
subclass of: Medication Effect
Synonym: Adverse Reaction to Drug, Drug Side Effect, Medication Adverse Effect, Medication Adverse Reaction, Adverse Drug Reaction, Drug-Induced Side Effect
umls:cui: C0041755
definition: Any detrimental or unintended response associated with the use of a medication in humans. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Memory Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
Synonym: Memory Deficit, Poor Memory, Bad Memory, Memory Problem, Memory Disturbance, Memory Disorder, Disturbance of Memory, Impairment Memory, Impaired Memory, Memory Loss
umls:cui: C0233794
definition: Deterioration in memory function. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Memory Training
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Memory Skills Training
umls:cui: C0729377
definition: Enhancement strategies to improve duration and retention of information. From MeSH

Mental Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Mental Illness, Psychiatric Disorder, Psychiatric Disease, Psychiatric Illness
umls:cui: C0004936
definition: Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. From MeSH

Metabolic Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: MD
Synonym: Metabolic Disorder, Metabolism Disorder
umls:cui: C0025517
definition: Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. From MeSH

Midnight
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C0332172
definition: The middle period of the night. From Stanford Languages

Mild Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Stage Of Dementia
Synonym: Early Stage of Dementia, Early Dementia
umls:cui: C3494623
comment: The early stage of dementia. People with mild dementia may still be able to function independently. However, they may experience memory lapses and occastional confusion and lapse in judgement that affect daily life.

Milk Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Milk Hypersensitivity, Allergy to Milk
umls:cui: C0079840
definition: Allergic reaction to milk (usually cow's milk) or milk products. From MeSH

Mind-Body Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0260173
definition: Treatment methods or techniques which are based on the knowledge of mind and body interactions. These techniques can be used to reduce the feeling of tension and effect of stress, and to enhance the physiological and psychological well-being of an individual. From MeSH

Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: MINI
Synonym: Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview
umls:cui: C4505426
definition: The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was designed as a brief structured diagnostic interview for the major psychiatric disorders in DSM-III-R, DSM-IV and DSM-5 and ICD-10. From Harm Research Institute, https://harmresearch.org/mini-international-neuropsychiatric-interview-mini/

Mini Mart Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of shopping in a mini supermarket that is normally located inside the long-term care facility or set up regulary e.g., once a week.

Mini-Mental Sate Examination
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: MMSE
Synonym: Mini Mental State Exam, Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, Folstein Mini-Mental Status Exam, Mini Mental Status Exame
umls:cui: C0451306
definition: A standardized and structured interview originally developed by Marshal Folstein, Susan Folstein and Paul McHugh (Journal of Psychiatric Research 1975), which is used to evaluate an individual's cognitive function. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Missing Family
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: A person may miss his/her family and feel sad because he/she cannot see his/her family members.

Moderate Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Stage Of Dementia
Synonym: Middle Stage of Dementia
umls:cui: C3494871
comment: The middle stage of dementia. People with moderate dementia may experience greater memory loss and significant personality and behaviour changes. They may need assistance with daily tasks, such as bathing and grooming.

Moderately Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effective
Source: Wiskow, K. M., Donaldson, J. M., & Matter, A. L. (2017). An evaluation of generalization of compliance across response types. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 402-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bar0000087
comment: Moderately successful in producing a desired or intended result

Mold Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Mold
umls:cui: C1096734
definition: Mold and mildew are fungi. Since fungi grow in so many places, both indoors and outdoors, allergic reactions can occur year round. From Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America https://www.aafa.org/types-of-allergies/

Monitoring
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Patient Monitoring, Medical Monitoring, Monitor Patient, Monitoring Patient, Monitoring of Patient
umls:cui: C0030695
definition: The act of observing a disease, condition, or medical parameter over time. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Monitoring Person Taking Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Medication Management
comment: Observing and checking that a person is taking his/her medication

Monotony of Long Term Care Facility Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Causative Factor
comment: The tedious sameness and uniformity of the environment in the long-term care facility.

Montessori Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Montessori Method, Montessori Approach
comment: Montessori Approach of caregiving for dementia has a similar goal of engaging the senses in order to help person with dementia rediscover the world around them. Providing the most effective care means maximizing the opportunities these individuals have to reconnect with a world they are losing access to.

Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Abbreviation: MADRS
Synonym: Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale Questionnaire
umls:cui: C4054475
definition: A standardized rating scale developed by Montgomery and Asberg in in 1978, which is used to measure the severity of depressive symptoms in patients with depression. The questionnaire contains 10 items on a scale of 0 to 6. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Mood Swing
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Emotional Instability, Mood Change, Emotional Lability, Altered Mood, Labile Mood, Unstable Mood
umls:cui: C0085633
definition: Tendency to dispaly unpredictable and rapidly changing emotions or moods. From PsycINFO Thesaurus

Moral Framework
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
definition: Moral framework is understood in general as a set of reasonable and coherent moral beliefs and principles that distinguish a group of people, a culture, or common and accepted values in society. From Frederick, R. (1999). A companion to business ethics. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.

Morning
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: In the Morning, During Morning
umls:cui: C0332170
definition: The time period between dawn and noon. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Mother
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
Synonym: Mum
umls:cui: C0026591
comment: A female parent of a person.

Motor Tension
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
definition: A state of muscle tension in which the individual is restless and tires easily. This symptom is associated with generalized anxiety disorder. From American Psychological Association Dictionary of Psychology

Multidimensional Observation Scale for Elderly Subjects
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: MOSES
definition: The Multidimensional Observation Scale for Elderly Subjects (MOSES) was designed to provide a short yet multidimensional assessment procedure that can be completed by regular staff members without resident cooperation in most geriatric care settings. From Edward Helmes, Kalman G. Csapo, Judith-ann Short, Standardization and Validation of the Multidimensional Observation Scale for Elderly Subject, Journal of Gerontology, Volume 42, Issue 4, July 1987, Pages 395–405, https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/42.4.395

Multisensory Stimulation
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Abbreviation: MSS
Synonym: Multisensory Stimulation Intervention, Multisensory Intervention, Psychotherapeutic Rehab Cognitive Multisensory Stimulation
umls:cui: C4480123
definition: An intervention that stimulates two or more human faculties, via visual, tactile, auditory or olfactory stimuli. From Cheng et al. 2019 Use of multisensory stimulation interventions in the treatment of major neurocognitive disorders, in Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 29:4

Music Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby that related to music, such as listenning to music and writing songs.

Music Therapeutic Caregiving
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The intervention that caregivers sing during assisting a person with dementia to move from one position to another. From Gotell et al. 2012 Can caregiver singing improve person transfer situations in dementia care? Music and Medicine 4:4

Music Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
umls:cui: C0586937
definition: Music therapiests use music interventions to assess clients' strengths and needs, develop goals, implement services, and evaluate and document progress for individuals of all ages. Music therapists facilitate changes in physical, cognitive, emotional, and/or psychosocial health. From The U.S. National Uniform Claim Committee - Health Care Provider Taxonomy

Music Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Abbreviation: MT
Synonym: Musical Intervention, Music Intervention
umls:cui: C0026868
definition: The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) defines music therapy as the clinical and evidenc-based use of music intervention to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program. From American Music Therapy Association 2005

Native Language
type: Class
subclass of: Language Information
umls:cui: C1510558
definition: Language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. From Wikipedia

Nature of BPSD Training
type: Class
subclass of: Person Centred Care Education to Health Care Professional
comment: The training that is provided to health care professionals about the nature of BPSD (behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia).

Nausea
type: Class
subclass of: Discomfort
umls:cui: C0027497
definition: An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. From MeSH

Need for Interpreter
type: Class
subclass of: Language Information
umls:cui: C1278519
comment: Information about - if a person need of an interpreter to assist the conversation between this person with others.

Negativism
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Demonstrated Behavior Negativism
umls:cui: C0027562
definition: State of mind or behavior characterized by extreme skepticism and persistent opposition or resistance to outside suggestions or advice. From APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994

Neglect by Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: Care recipients are neglected (involving poor care or breached of duty that cause care recipients to suffer) by health care professional.

Nephew
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337579
definition: A son of one's brother or sister. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Nephrologist
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
umls:cui: C0260039
definition: Qualified medical professionals who specialize in treating kidney disease. From MeSH

Neurological Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Neurological Examination, Neurologic Examination, Assessing Neurological Performance, Assessing Neurological Satus
umls:cui: C0027853
definition: The assessment of the functionality of the brain, spinal column, and nerves. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Neuropathy
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Peripheral Neuropathy, Nerve Disorder
umls:cui: C0442874
definition: A disorder affecting the cranial nerves or the peripheral nervous system. It manifests with pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness. It may be the result of physical injury, toxic substances, viral diseases, diabetes, renal failure, cancer, and drugs. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Neuropsychiatric Inventory
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: NPI
Synonym: Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questiojnnaire, Neuropsychiatric Interview
umls:cui: C3539727
comment: The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was developed by Cummings et al. to access dementia-related behavioural symptoms. The NPI originally examined 10 sub-domains of behavioural functioning: delusions, hallucinations, agitation/aggression, dysphoria, anxiety, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability/lability, and aberrant motor activity. Two more sub-domains have been added since its development: night-time behavioural disturbances and appetite and eating abnormalities.

Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Clinician Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: NPI-C
definition: Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Clinician Rating Scale is an assessment tool of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. It is a revised version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), including expanded domains and items, and a clinician rating methodology. It was developed by Medeiros et al. in 2010.

Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home Version
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: NPI-NH
comment: Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home (NPI-NH) Version was developed to help characterize the neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychopathology of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementia when the patients are residents in extended care facilities or other care settings where information is gathered from health care professionals. The NPI-NH was derived from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), which was originally developed for the assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychopathology in community-dwelling patients where information was obtained from family caregivers. The content of the questions of the NPI and NPI-NH are identical but have been rephrased appropriately. In addition, the caregiver distress scale of the NPI has been changed to an occupational disruptiveness scale for the NPI-NH to allow an assessment of the impact of behavioral disturbances on professional caregivers.

Nicotine Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
umls:cui: C5241305
definition: Nicotine addiction occurs when a person becomes addicted to nicotine, which is a chemical found in tobacco. From HealthLine.com

Niece
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337578
definition: A daughter of one's brother or sister. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Night
type: Class
subclass of: Time
Synonym: At Night, Nocturnal, Night Time
umls:cui: C0240526
definition: The time in every 24 hour period when it is dark. From the U.Sl. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Nightmare Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Sleep Disturbance
Synonym: Dream Anxiety Disorder, Nightmare, Paroniria
umls:cui: C3887605
definition: A sleep disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of frightening dreams which precipitate awakenings from sleep; on wakening, the individual becomes fully alert and oriented and has detailed recall of the nightmare, which usually involves imminent danger or extreme embarrassment to the individual. From the U.S. Nationa Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Noise
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation of Hearing Sense
Synonym: Ambient Noise
umls:cui: C0028263
definition: Undesired sound, especially a random mix of different frequencies. From CRISP Thesaurus

Noise Control
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Reducing Noise, Control of Noise
umls:cui: C1822204
comment: The control or reduce undesirable or excessive noise.

Noise from Air Conditioner
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The noise from air conditioner.

Noise from Lawn Mower
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The noise from a lawn mower, that is also known as a mower and grass cutter.

Noise from Medical Equipment
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The noise from medical equipments.

Noise from Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The noise from other people in the long term care facility.

Noise from TV
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The noise from televisions.

Noise of Door Banging
type: Class
subclass of: Noise
comment: The sudden loud, sharp noise from door banging.

Non-Binary
type: Class
subclass of: Perceived Gender
comment: Gender identity that is outside of the man/woman gender binary.

Nonpharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has delivery mode
  some values from: Delivery Mode of Nonpharmacological Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has effectiveness level
  some values from: Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is affected by
  some values from: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
disjoint with: Pharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Environmental and Psychosocial Intervention, Psychological, Behavioral, and Environmental Intervention, Non-drug Intervention, Nonpharmacologic Treatment, Nonpharmacological Treatment, Nonpharmacotherapeutic Intervention
comment: The intervention which does not use drugs.

Nonpharmacological Intervention Training
type: Class
subclass of: Person Centred Care Education to Health Care Professional
comment: The training that is provided to health care professionals about nonpharmacological intervention.

Nonpharmacological Treatment Knowledge of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Health Care Professional's Knowledge in Nonpharmacological intervention
comment: The health care professionals' knowledge of using non-drug approaches.

Not Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effectiveness Level of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Source: Wiskow, K. M., Donaldson, J. M., & Matter, A. L. (2017). An evaluation of generalization of compliance across response types. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 402-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bar0000087
comment: Not producing intended results

Number of Children
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C2229974
comment: Number of children a person has.

Nurse
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Nursing Personnel, Professional Nurse
umls:cui: C0028661
definition: Professionals qualified by graduation from an accredited school of nursing and by passage of a national licensing examination to practice nursing. They provide services to patients requiring assistance in recovering or maintaining their physical or mental health. From MeSH

Nurse Practitioner
type: Class
subclass of: Nurse
Abbreviation: NP
umls:cui: C0028657
definition: Nurse Practitioners (NPs), are registered nurses with additional education and experience who are able to order and interpret diagnostic tests, communicate diagnoses, prescribe pharmaceuticals and perform specific procedures. From SNOMEDCT

Nursing Manager
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Nurse Manager
comment: A nursing manager is responsible for supervising nursing staff in a clinical setting.

Nursing Practice Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
Synonym: Nursing Care Intervention, General Nursing Care
umls:cui: C0204650
comment: The basic care practices that nurses can provide to intervene the emotional and mood disturbances in dementia

Nursing Station
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
Synonym: Nurse Station, Nurse's Station, Nurse Office
umls:cui: C0179662
definition: An area in a clinic, unit, or ward in a health care facility that serves as the administrative center for nursing care. From Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th ed

Nursing Team Leader
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0557544
comment: The nurse leader who oversees a team of nurses, makes decisions and directs patient care initiatives.

Nutritionist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0237083
definition: Persons specially trained in nutrition sciences. From MeSH

Observation
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Patient Observation, Watchful Waiting, Active Surveillance, Expectant Management, Patient Status Observation, Deferred Therapy
umls:cui: C0700325
definition: Clinical management approach wherein immediate therapy is not provided but there is a period of observation during which periodic tests monitor patient and the progression of the illness. From Driffield T, Smith PC Med Decis Making. 2007 Mar-Apr; 27(2):178-188

Observed Emotion Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: OERS
definition: The Observed Emotion Rating Scale, previously named the Apparent Affect Rating Scale, is an observational tool for rating two positive emotions (pleasure and general alertness) and three negative emotions (anger, anxiety or fear, and sadness). From Lawton MP, Van Haitsma K, Klapper JA. Observed Emotion Rating Scale. 1999.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea
type: Class
subclass of: Sleep Disturbance
Abbreviation: OSA
Synonym: Sleep Apnea Obstructive Syndrome, Obstructive Apnea, Apnea Obstructive Sleeping, Apnea Obstructive Sleep
umls:cui: C0520679
definition: A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. FromMeSH

Obtaining Informed Consent
type: Class
subclass of: Treatment Plan Development
Synonym: Asking for Consent
umls:cui: C0514060
comment: The activity of obtaining the informed consent from a care recipient or his/her legal representative.

Occupational Deprivation
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
definition: A state of preclusion from engagement in occupations of necessity and/or meaning due to factors that stand outside the immediate control of the individual. From Whiteford, G. (2010). When people cannot participate: occupational deprivation. In C.H. Christiansen & E.A. Townsend (Eds.) Introduction to occupation: the art and science of living Second Edition. (pp.303-328) Upper Saddle Creek, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Occupational Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
Abbreviation: OT
umls:cui: C0028807
definition: Professionals trained to help individuals develop or regain skills needed to achieve independence in their lives. From MeSH

Occupational Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: OT
umls:cui: C1318464
definition: Skilled treatment that helps individuals achieve independence in all facets of their lives. It assists in the development of skills needed for independent living. From MeSH

Oedema
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Edema, Dropsy, Hydrops, Waterlogged
umls:cui: C0013604
definition: Abnormal fluid accumulation in tissues or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the skin in subcutaneous tissue. From MeSH

Offering Drink
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Drink, Giving Drink, Offering Fluid
comment: The intervention of offering drink to a person with dementia, such as water, warm milk or tea.

Offering Food
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Food
umls:cui: C3650749
comment: The intervention of offering food to a person with dementia.

Offering Two Choices
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should offer two choices (not too many choices) when communicating with a person with dementia.

Olfactory Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Impairment
Synonym: Impaired Olfaction, Impaired Smell, Sense of Smell Impaired, Hyposmia, Reduced Sense of Smell, Decreased Sense of Smell, Impaired Sense of Smell
umls:cui: C2364082
definition: Decreased ability to smell. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

One on One Interaction
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
Synonym: One on One Time, One to One Interaction, 1:1 time, 1x1 time, 1 on 1 time
comment: The intervention of one person (health care professional) to one care recipient.

Opioid Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Opiate Addiction, Opioid Dependence, Opiate Dependence
umls:cui: C0524662
comment: Addiction to opioids which sometimes called narcotics.

Optometrist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0029146
definition: Qualified professionals trained in primary eye and vision care, including measurement of visual abilities, diagnosing disorders of the visual system and provision of treatment such as prescriptions for correction of visual defects with lenses or glasses and vision therapy. From MeSH

Oral Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Mouth Disease, Disorder of Mouth, Oral Disorder
umls:cui: C0026636
definition: Diseases involving the mouth. From MeSH

Organisational Culture
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Workplace Culture, Organizational Culture
umls:cui: C0029242
definition: Beliefs and values shared by all members of the organization. These shared values, which are subject to change, are reflected in the day to day management of the organization. From MeSH

Outburst
type: Class
subclass of: Emotional Distress
Synonym: Emotional Outburst
umls:cui: C0679475
comment: The sudden release of strong emotion.

Overnight
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C0439583
definition: Occurring between nightfall and dawn. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Overstimulation from Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environment Causative Factor
comment: A person's senses are overstimulated by something from the environment.

Overstimulation of Hearing Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation from Environment
comment: The hearing sense of a person is overstimulated.

Overstimulation of Smell Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation from Environment
comment: The smell sense of a person is overstimulated.

Overstimulation of Taste Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation from Environment
comment: The taste sense of a person is overstimulated.

Overstimulation of Touch Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation from Environment
comment: The touch sense of a person is overstimulated.

Overstimulation of Vision Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation from Environment
comment: The vision sense of a person is overstimulated.

PRIDE Bathing Approach
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: PRIDE (privacy, reassurance, information, distraction, and evaluation) Bathing Approach: Privacy was stressed by encouraging caregivers to close the bathing room door or attend to not undressing a person with dementia before necessary. Reassurance to people with dementia was about repeatedly reminding the person with dementia that he or she was safe and not alone. Informaiton refers to the giving of information to people with dementia before and during the bath. Distraction refers to the use of distraction, such as a pleasant topic to distract a person with dementia. Evaluation refers to the constant awareness of how the person with dementia was responding. From Mickus et al. 2002 Developing effective bathing strategies for reducing problematic behavior for residents with dementia: the PRIDE approach. Journal of Mental Health and Aging, 8:1

Pacing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Pacing up and down
umls:cui: C0562458
definition: The behaviour of walking with regular slow or fast paces, especially without a particular destination.

Pain
type: Class
subclass of: Discomfort
umls:cui: C0030193
comment: A highly unpleasant sensation

Pain Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Assessing Pain, Staff Assessment for Pain
umls:cui: C2707300
comment: The actions performed by staff to assess the pain of a person.

Painting Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
umls:cui: C3843875
comment: Hobby of painting.

Painting Picture
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of painting a picture.

Palpitation
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Heart Palpitations, Heart Throbbing
umls:cui: C0030252
definition: A sensation that the heart is pounding or racing, which is a non-specific sign but may be a manifestation of arrhythmia. From Human Phenotype Ontology

Pamper Group Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity for ladies to come together regularly (e.g. once a month) and catch up whilst pampering yourself (nails and hair).

Panic
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Anxiety in Dementia
Synonym: Panic State, Panic Reaction
umls:cui: C0030318
definition: A state of extreme acute, intense anxiety and unreasoning fear accompanied by disorganization of personality function. From MeSH

Panic Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Anxiety Disorder
umls:cui: C0030319
definition: An anxiety disorder characterized by multiple unexpected panic attacks with persistent concern of recurring attacks. Panic disorder may or may not be accompanied by agoraphobia. From The U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Participating Active Music Therapy by Moving Body
type: Class
subclass of: Active Music Therapy
comment: The active music therapy that requries the participants to move their body with the music.

Participating Active Music Therapy by Playing Musical Instrument
type: Class
subclass of: Active Music Therapy
comment: The active music therapy that requries the participatns to play musical instruments.

Participating Active Music Therapy by Singing
type: Class
subclass of: Active Music Therapy
comment: The active music therapy that requires participants to sing with the music.

Participating Active Music Therapy by Writing Song
type: Class
subclass of: Active Music Therapy
comment: The active music therapy that requires participatns to write a song.

Passive Music Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Music Therapy
Synonym: Receptive Music Therapy
comment: Passive Music Therapy encompasses techniques that allow the participant to listen to music as opposed to being an active contributor. The music used may be live or recorded and of any genre.

Passivity in Dementia Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: PDS
definition: Passivity in Dementia Scale (PDS) is an observer rating scale of 42 behaviors: 12 passive behav- ior items scored in the negative, and 30 active behavior items scored in the positive. Lower scores indicate greater passivity. Five subscale scores are obtained: thinking, emotions, interaction with the environment, interaction with people, and activities. From Kolanowski et al. 2006 Factors that relate to activity engagement in nursing home residents. American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias, 21:1

Past Occupation
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Past Work, Former Career
comment: Information about the past occupations (job or profession) of a person.

Pastoral Care
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Pastoral Counseling
umls:cui: C0030643
definition: Counseling or comfort given by ministers, priests, rabbis, etc., to those in need of help with emotional problems or stressful situations. From MeSH

Pastoral Counselor
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Pastoral Care Worker
umls:cui: Cc2985482
definition: A person trained in both psychology and theology who can provide psychological and spiritual guidance to individuals and families. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Patient Health Questionnaire - 9
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: PHQ-9
umls:cui: C4083201
definition: A 9-item scale using each of the 9 DSM-IV criteria with self-reported frequency of "0" (not at all) to "3" (nearly every day). One of the most widely used instruments to assess depression (Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 2001; 16:606-613), PHQ-9 scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression, respectively. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Paying Close Attention to Sharp Object
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: Staff need to pay close attention to a person with suicidal ideation during any time when around sharp objects.

Peanut Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Peanut, Peanut Hypersensitivity, Groundnut Hypersensitivity
umls:cui: C0559470
definition: Allergic reaction to peanuts that is triggered by the immune system. From MeSH

Perceived Gender
type: Class
subclass of: Gender Identity
comment: Gender of a person that is perceived by oneself.

Peripheral Vascular Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: PVD
Synonym: Peripheral Angiopathies
umls:cui: C0085096
definition: Any disorder affecting blood flow through the veins or arteries outside of the heart. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Person
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conducts
  some values from: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is assisted by
  some values from: Volunteer
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is target person of
  some values from: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: provides background information
  some values from: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: People
comment: Human beings related to the management of emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Person Centred Care Education to Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
Synonym: Person Centred Care Training to Health Care Professional
comment: The education and training that provide health care professionals with knowledge and skills needed to deliver person centred care for people with dementia.

Person-Centred Organisational Culture
type: Class
subclass of: Organisational Culture
Synonym: Person-Centred Workplace Culture, Person-Centred Organizational Culture
comment: The organisational culture that the person is placed at the centre of the service and treated as a person first.

Person Name
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C0027365
definition: Word or set of words by which a person is known, addressed, or referred to. From SNOMEDCT

Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Care Recipient
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has background
  some values from: Background of Care Recipient
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has dementia
  some values from: Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has emotional and mood disturbance
  some values from: Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has family member
  some values from: Family Member
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has friend
  some values from: Friend
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has interpreter
  some values from: Interpreter
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has legal representative
  some values from: Legal Representative
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is cared by
  some values from: Health Care Professional
disjoint with: Person without Dementia
Abbreviation: PwD
Synonym: People with Dementia, Demented Person, Patient With Dementia
comment: People with dementia who is living in the long term care facility.

Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Nonpharmacological Intervention
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: matches
  some values from: Background of Care Recipient
comment: The interventions targeting people with dementia.

Person without Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Care Recipient
comment: People without dementia who is living in the long term care facility.

Personal Hygiene Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
umls:cui: C0582055
comment: Preference to personal hygiene, such as shaving preference, and hair care preference.

Personality of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: Behaviour-response patterns of health care professionals

Personality Trait
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0233849
definition: The characteristics in behavior that a certain person has. from the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Pessimistic Thought
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C1821301
comment: Negative thoughts that tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.

Pet Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
comment: Allergies to pets (e.g., cats and dogs) with fur are common, especially among people who have other allergies or asthma.

Pet Keeping Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of keeping domestic animals as pets.

Pet Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Animal Assisted Therapy
Synonym: Pet Facilitated Therapy
umls:cui: C2607895
definition: A type of therapy that uses dogs or other pets to improve the physical and mental health of patients with certain acute or chronic diseases. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Pharmacist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Synonym: Druggist
umls:cui: C0031323
definition: Those persons legally qualified by education and training to engage in the practice of pharmacy. From MeSH

Pharmacological Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Intervention
comment: The intervention which uses drugs.

Philadelphia Geriatric Center Affect Rating Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: AARS
definition: The 6-item Philadelphia Geriatric Center Affect Rating Scale was designed for the use of research and other staff in assessing positive affect (pleasure, interest, contentment) and negative affect (sadness, worry/anxiety, and anger) by direct observation of facial expression, body movement, and other cues that do not depend on self-report. From Lawton MP, Van Haitsma K, Klapper J. Observed affect in nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1996 Jan;51(1):P3-14. doi: 10.1093/geronb/51b.1.p3. PMID: 8548515.

Phone Call
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
comment: The treatment that involves having conversation with family members or friends of the person with dementia through the phone.

Physical Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Remaining Ability
Synonym: Physical Functioning Ability, Ability to Perform General Purpose Physical Activities
umls:cui: C0565668
comment: Ability to perform some physical act, such as move freely and easily.

Physical Change in Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environment Causative Factor
comment: The physical changes in the environment of the long term care facility.

Physical Environment Causative Factor
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Causative Factor
comment: The purely physical factors in the environment that may cause emotional and mood disturbances in people with dementia.

Physical Environmental Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Modification
comment: The intervention of modifying the physical environment of people living with dementia.

Physical Examination
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Abbreviation: PE
Synonym: Physical Health Assessment, Assessment of Physical Health, Physical Exam, Physical Assessment
definition: Systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality. From MeSH

Physical Exercise Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of doing physical exercise regularly.

Physical Exercise Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Physical Therapy Exercise, Rehavilitation Exercise, Therapuetic Exercise, Exercise Therapy, Exercise Intervention
umls:cui: C0452240
definition: Activities to promote physical functioning. From Clinical Care Classification

Physical Limitation
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C5381941
comment: Having difficulty performing physical activities.

Physical Restraint
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Physical Restrictive Practice
umls:cui: C0035260
comment: The intervention of using physical means to restrict the movement of all or part of the body.

Physical Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
Abbreviation: PT
Synonym: Physiotherapist
umls:cui: C2362565
definition: Persons trained in physical therapy specialty to make use of physical therapy modalities to prevent, correct, and alleviate movement dysfunction. From MeSH

Physically Aggressive Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Agitation
Synonym: Physical Aggression, Hurting Behaviour, Hurting
umls:cui: C4534295
comment: The behaviour that is aggressive or combative to self or others.

Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Agitation
comment: The behaviours that are not intending to cause physical harm, but departing from an accepted standard.

Physiotherapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Physical Therapy
umls:cui: C0949766
definition: The therapies to prevent, correct, or alleviate dysfunction of anatomic or physiologic origin, employing physical phenomena such as temperature, light, water, and sound, as well as exercise and massage. From the Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Thesaurus (CSP).

Playing Ball Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The exercise intervention involving some type of ball.

Playing Bingo Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: Bingo is a game of chance in which each player matches numbers/words/visual cues printed in different arrangements on cards.

Playing Board Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
umls:cui: C2136072
comment: Playing the game that involves the movement of counters or other objects round a board.

Playing Bowling
type: Class
subclass of: Playing Ball Game
Synonym: Bowling Activity
umls:cui: C0336949
definition: A physical activity during which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Playing Card Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
umls:cui: C2136032
comment: Hobby of playing cards.

Playing Carpet Bowels
type: Class
subclass of: Playing Ball Game
comment: Carpet bowels is a form of bowls played indoors on a strip of carpet, at the centre of which lies an obstacle round which the bowl has to pass.

Playing Chair Volleyball
type: Class
subclass of: Playing Ball Game
comment: Chair volleyball is played inside, players sit on chairs and the ball is a beach ball. Players can hit the ball as often as they want or need to get it over the net. Chair volleyball is intended to reduce stress and boost self-esteem and confidence.

Playing Video Game
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: Playing a video game or computer game that is an electronic game involving interaction with a user interface or input device to generate visual feedback, e.g., Nintendo Wii Sports.

Podiatrist
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
umls:cui: C0260145
definition: A doctor who specializes in the care of the foot and ankle. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Poetry Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0871088
definition: Poetry therapy is the use of language, symbol, and story in therapeutic, education, growth, and community-building capacities. It relies upon the use of poems, stories, song lyrics, imagery, and metaphor to facilitate personal growth, healing, and greater self-awareness. From The National Association for Poetry Therapy, Inc. (NAPT)

Pointing Finger
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Finger Pointing
comment: The behaviour of pointing at someone with a finger to accuse he/she or suggest he/she is guilty.

Polishing Favourite Object
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of polishing one's favourite objects.

Political Refugee
type: Class
subclass of: Refugee Immigration
umls:cui: C2242889
definition: A person who has fled from a homeland because of political persecution. From Dictionary.com

Pollen Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Allergy
Synonym: Hay Fever, Allergy to Pollen
umls:cui: C0018621
definition: An allergy experienced as a particular time of year when trees or grasses pollinate and elicit an allergic reaction. From Human Phenotype Ontology

Poor Hygiene
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Bad Hygiene
umls:cui: C0745076
definition: Poor hygiene can be a sign of self-neglect, which is the inability or unwillingness to attend to one's personal needs. From Melissa Conrad Stöppler, 2019, Poor Hygiene: Symptoms & Signs. https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=41529

Poor Sleep Hygiene
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: The personal habits that cause poor quality of sleep.

Popping Bubble Wrap
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of popping bubble wrap.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Anxiety Disorder
Abbreviation: PTSD
Synonym: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Post-Traumatic Neuroses
umls:cui: C0038436
definition: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health disorder that some people develop after they experience or see a traumatic event. From MEDLINEPLUS

Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Predilection
umls:cui: C0558295
definition: The act, fact, or principle of giving advantages to some particular person, object, or course of action over others; designated as more desirable. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Preferred Language
type: Class
subclass of: Language Information
comment: Language most preferred by a person for communication.

Preferred Name
type: Class
subclass of: Person Name
Synonym: Patient Preferred Name
umls:cui: C1443234
comment: The name a person wishes to be known.

Pressure Injury
type: Class
subclass of: Injury
umls:cui: C4554531
definition: Injury to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. From Mayo Clinic

Pressure of Speech
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
Synonym: Pressured Speech
umls:cui: C0233718
definition: Abnormally increased rate and amount of speech, delivered with urgency. From The U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Previous Life Event
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Past Life Experience, Prior Experience, Past Experience
comment: Information about the previous life event of a person.

Priest
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: conducts
  some values from: Pastoral Care
umls:cui: C0558272
definition: A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion. From Wikipedia

Problem Solving Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
Abbreviation: PST
Synonym: Structured Problem Solving
umls:cui: C1303140
definition: Problem solving therapy involves patients learning new problem solving skills or reactivating previously learned ones. These skills can then be applied to specific life problems that are associated with psychological and somatic symptoms. From David Pierce, 2012, Problem solving therapy: use and effectiveness in general practice, Psychological Strategies

Prosopagnosia
type: Class
subclass of: Cognitive Impairment
Synonym: Agnosia for Faces, Facial recognition Agnosia, Face Blindness, Facial Agnosia
umls:cui: C0234512
comment: The inability to recognize a familiar face or to learn to recognize new faces. From Cortex 1995 Jun:31(2)

Providing a Variety of Space in Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Providing a number of different space with various functions in the environment where people with dementia live

Providing Activity Area
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Providing an identifiable space for activity that is accessible to people with dementia and where related equipment and materials are kept in an orderly fashion.

Providing Adequate Rest
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Provide for Adequate Rest and Sleep, including Short-term, Daytime Naps, as Needed
umls:cui: C4713371
comment: Providing people with dementia adequate rest

Providing Caffeine-Free Beverage
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Non-Caffeinated Drink
comment: Providing drinks that do not contain caffeine

Providing Calm Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Creating a Calm and Comfortable Environment
umls:cui: C4713392
comment: The intervention of providing an environment that is relaxing and calm.

Providing Clear Marked Access to Bathroom
type: Class
subclass of: Enhancing Visual Access
comment: The intervention of providing clearly marked access to bathroom.

Providing Clear Marked Access to Personal Belonging
type: Class
subclass of: Enhancing Visual Access
comment: The intervention of providing clearly marked access to personal belonging.

Providing Concentrated Oxygen
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Oxygen Therapy
umls:cui: C2922275
comment: The activity of providing concentrated oxygen to a person.

Providing Continence Aid
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Continence Care
Synonym: Provide protective garments or incontinence pads, as needed
umls:cui: C4714635
comment: Providing continence product to a person who has continence needs

Providing Crash Mat for Bedside Safety
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Intervention of providing crash mats for bedside safety, crash mats will break a fall, as a result, reducing injury caused by the care recipient rolling off the bed

Providing Drying Rack In Room
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: The intervention of providing a drying rack in the room of a person with dementia.

Providing Easy Access to Outside Space
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Providing easy access for people with dementia to outside space in the long-term care facility

Providing Favourite Food
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The intervention of providing a person with dementia the food he/she like most.

Providing Hoist
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Provision of Hoist
umls:cui: C0556542
comment: The provision of hoist devices designed for hoisting or lowering persons from one place to another.

Providing Home Like Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Creating Home Familiarity in Environment, Creating Homelikeness, Simulate Homelike Environment
umls:cui: C4710627
comment: The intervention of creating homelikeness environment for people with dementia.

Providing Private Bathroom
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: The intervention of providing a private bathroom for a person with dementia in the long-term care facility.

Providing Safe Outside Space
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Long-term care facilities should provide safe outside space for people with dementia.

Providing Sensor Mat
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Providing Sensor Alarm Mat
comment: The intervention of providing a sensor alarm mat for fall prevention.

Providing Single Bedroom
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: The intervention of providing a single bedroom for a person with dementia in the long-term care facility.

Providing Snack
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Comfort Food, Offering Comfort Food
comment: The intervention of providing snacks to a person with dementia.

Providing Sufficient Lighting
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Providing adequate lighting in the environment that is suitable for people with dementia

Psychiatric Comorbidity
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
definition: The co-existence of two or more psychiatric disorders. From Fridell, M., Bäckström, M., Hesse, M. et al. Prediction of psychiatric comorbidity on premature death in a cohort of patients with substance use disorders: a 42-year follow-up. BMC Psychiatry 19, 150 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2098-3

Psychiatrist
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
umls:cui: C0033872
definition: A medical doctor who specializes in the prevention, diagnose, and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Psychoeducation
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0871175
comment: An evidence-based therapeutic intervention for people that provides information and support to better understand and cope with illness.

Psychogeriatrician
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Practitioner
Synonym: Old Age Psychiatrist
umls:cui: C0586880
comment: The psychiatrist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness in elderly people.

Psychologist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0033908
definition: A specialist who can talk with patients and their families about emotional and personal matters, and can help them make decisions. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Psychosis
type: Class
subclass of: Mental Disorder
Synonym: Psychotic Disorder, Psychoses
umls:cui: C0033975
definition: Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. From DSM-IV, 1994

Psychosomatic Symptom
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C4061539
comment: The real physical symptoms that caused by mental or emotional disturbance.

Psychotherapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Psychological Therapy, Talking Therapy, Talk Therapy
umls:cui: C0033968
comment: Psychotherapy is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular interaction with people, to help them change behaviour and overcome problems in desired ways.

Punching
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Punching Other Person
umls:cui: C0562585
comment: The behaviour of stricking other person with the fist.

Pushing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of moving forward by using force to pass people or cause them to move aside.

Queer
type: Class
subclass of: LGBTQ
umls:cui: C4722209
definition: Used to describe a gender orientation that is not exclusively homosexual or heterosexual, or for individuals that don't identify with existing labels. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Racing Thoughts
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
umls:cui: C0554978
definition: Abnormally rapid thoughts with or without abrupt changes from one topic to another. From The U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Rambling Speech
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0423982
comment: The behaviour of talking at length in a confused or inconsequential way.

Rapid Cognitive Decline
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Self
Synonym: Rapid Progression of Cognitive Impairment
umls:cui: C2750110
definition: Rapid cognitive decline (RCD) is defined as a deterioration of cognitive functions, as measured by a specific instrument for dementia, greater than the expected average decline. From Soto ME, Andrieu S, Arbus C, Ceccaldi M, Couratier P, Dantoine T, Dartigues JF, Gillette-Guyonette S, Nourhashémi F, Ousset JP, Poncet M, Portet F, Touchon J, Vellas B: Rapid cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. Consensus paper. J Nutr Health Aging 2008;12: 703–713.

Rash
type: Class
subclass of: Skin Problem
Synonym: Exanthema, Eruption
umls:cui: C0015230
definition: An eruption in the skin which effects its appearance and/or texture. From the U.S. National Cancer Institution Thesaurus

Rating Anxiety in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Abbreviation: RAID
Synonym: Rating Anxiety in Dementia Scale, Rating for Anxiety in Dementia, Raging of Anxiety in Dementia Scale
definition: The Rating Anxiety in Dementia (RAID; Shankar, Walker, Frost & Orrell, 1999)is a clinical rating scale comprising 18 items rated ona three-point scale, specifically developed to evaluate severity of anxiety in persons with dementia (PWD). Ten of the items rate somatic symptoms and five are about specific fears. From Snow, A Lynn et al. “Psychometric properties of a structured interview guide for the rating for anxiety in dementia.” Aging & mental health vol. 16,5 (2012): 592-602. doi:10.1080/13607863.2011.644518

Reading Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Reading
umls:cui: C0034754
definition: Acquiring information from text. From MeSH

Reading Book
type: Class
subclass of: Reading Activity
comment: The activity of reading a book.

Reading Book Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of reading books.

Reading Magazine
type: Class
subclass of: Reading Activity
comment: The activity of reading a magazine.

Reading Newspaper
type: Class
subclass of: Reading Activity
comment: The activity of reading a newspaper.

Reading Newspaper Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of reading newspaper.

Reality Orientation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Psychotherapy
Abbreviation: ROT
umls:cui: C3650753
comment: Reality orientation is a psychological therapy aimed at reducing confusion and inappropriate behaviours in people with dementia.

Reassurance
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Providing Reassurance and Comfort, Reassuring
umls:cui: C0514711
comment: The intervention of letting the person with dementia know health care professionals are there and will keep him or her safe.

Recreation Room
type: Class
subclass of: Location of Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
umls:cui: C0557650
comment: A room in a long-term care facility in which people can relax and play games.

Recreational Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
Synonym: Recreational Activity Officer
definition: Recreational therapists treat and help maintain the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of their clients by seeking to reduce depression, stress, and anxiety; recover basic motor functioning and reasoning abilities; build confidence; and socialize effectively. From National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification, https://www.nctrc.org/about-ncrtc/about-recreational-therapy/

Recreational Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: RT
Synonym: Recreation Therapy, Therapeutic Recreation, Therapeutic Recreation Therapy
umls:cui: C0034873
definition: Recreational therapy is a systemtic process that utilizes recreation and other activity-based interventions to address the assessed needs of individuals with illness and/or disabling condition, as a means to pschological and physical health, recovery and well-being. From National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification

Redirection
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Use Diversion to Redirect Inappropriate Behavior, Diverting, Diversion
umls:cui: C0547409
comment: The intervention of assigning or directing a person something else to do as a substitute.

Reduced Affection
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Apathy in Dementia
Synonym: Less Affectionate, Flattened Affect, Blunted Affect
comment: The reduced result or consequence of an action or other cause.

Reduced Initiation
type: Class
subclass of: Loss of Motivation
Synonym: Reduced Initiative, Dimished Initiative
comment: The reduced action of beginning something.

Reduced Willingness to Make Effort
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
comment: Reduced willingness to make an effort in activities of daily life, such as maintain hygiene

Reducing Clutter
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: The activity of reducing and organizing disordered things in the environment.

Reducing Frequency of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The care goal of reducing frequency of manifestations of emotional and mood disturbances in a person with dementia.

Reducing Harm to Other People
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: Care goal of reducing physical damage to other people who are around a person with emotional and mood disturbances.

Reducing Harm to Self
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The care goal of reducing physical damage to oneself.

Reducing Light Glare
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Reducing relatively bright light that is unpleasant or discomfort

Reducing Noise of Non-emergency Overhead Paging
type: Class
subclass of: Noise Control
Synonym: Reducing Noise of Non-emergency Buzzer
comment: The intervention of reducing the sound volume of the non-emergency overhead paging.

Reducing Severity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
comment: The care goal of reducing severity of manifestations of emotional and mood disturbances in a person with dementia.

Reduction of Daytime Sleep
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Reducing Daytime Sleep
comment: The intervention of reducing a person's daytime sleep.

Referral to a Specialist
type: Class
subclass of: Referral to Required Service Provider
Synonym: Referral to a Specialist Service, Referral to Specialist
umls:cui: C0849620
comment: The act of referring a person to a specialist for consultation, review, or further action.

Referral to Police
type: Class
subclass of: Referral to Required Service Provider
Synonym: Report to Police
umls:cui: C1656433
comment: The act of referring to police.

Referral to Psychiatrist
type: Class
subclass of: Referral to a Specialist
Synonym: Psychiatrist Referral
umls:cui: C0586090
comment: The act of referring a person to a psychiatrist for consultation, review, or further action.

Referral to Psychogeriatration
type: Class
subclass of: Referral to a Specialist
comment: The act of referring a person to a psychogeriatration for consultation, review, or further action.

Referral to Psychologist
type: Class
subclass of: Referral to a Specialist
umls:cui: C0420369
comment: The act of referring a person to a psychologist for consulation, review, or further action.

Referral to Required Service Provider
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C4713277
comment: The activity of referrring a person to required service provider.

Reflexology
type: Class
subclass of: Massage Therapy
umls:cui: C0034945
definition: The application of pressure to specific zones on the ears, hands, and feet in order to reduce stress and promote healing in corresponding glands,organs, parts, and systems of the body that are believed to be connected through energy channels. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Refugee from War Related Area
type: Class
subclass of: Refugee Immigration
comment: Immigrant as a refugee from a war related area.

Refugee Immigration
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Type
comment: Type of immigration that a person is forced to flee for their lives (as a refugee) and choose to move to another country.

Refusing Food
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Refuse to Eat, Food Refusal
umls:cui: C0424424
comment: Refusing to eat food

Registered Nurse
type: Class
subclass of: Nurse
Abbreviation: RN
umls:cui: C0687673
definition: A nurse who has graduated from an accredited registered nursing program, has passed the state exam for licensure, and been registered and licensed to practice by a state authority. R.N.s receive educational preparation through hospital-based diploma programs, community/junior college associate's degree programs, baccalaureate programs, or combinations thereof. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Regular Toileting
type: Class
subclass of: Assisting with Toileting
umls:cui: C0509128
comment: Assisting a person with toileting at regular intervals

Relationship
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0439849
definition: A state of connectedness between people, objects, or events; to be associated or connected with something. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Relationship with Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Relationship
comment: State of connectedness between a person with his/her family member(s).

Relationship with Friend
type: Class
subclass of: Relationship
comment: State of connectednedd between a person and his/her friend(s).

Relationship with Pet
type: Class
subclass of: Relationship
comment: State of connectedness between a person and his/her pet(s).

Relaxation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Mind-Body Therapy
Synonym: Therapeutic Relaxation, Relaxation Training, Relaxation Programme
umls:cui: C0282333
definition: Treatment to improve one's health condition by using techniques that can reduce physiological stress, psychological stress, or both. From MeSH

Religion
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
umls:cui: C0035039
definition: A personal or institutionalized system grounded in belief and reverene for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe. From dictionary.com

Religious Belief
type: Class
subclass of: Belief
umls:cui: C0035045
comment: Attitudes towards mythological, supernatural, or spiritual aspects of a religion.

Religious Practice Routine
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
Synonym: Routine of Religious Practice
comment: Routine of religious practice.

Relocating Person to Appropirate Area
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
comment: The intervention of relocating a person with dementia to an area which is appropirate and comfortable.

Remaining Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
comment: Abilities that are still existing in a person.

Reminding
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C0557033
comment: Causing someone to remember something or someone

Reminiscence Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: RT
umls:cui: C0150321
definition: Using the recall of past events, feelings, and thoughts to facilitate pleasure, quality of life, or adaptation to present circumstances, e.g., household memories. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Removing Dangerous Object
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
Synonym: Remove From Environment Sharp or Blunt Ojects that could be Used to Injure Patient or Others
umls:cui: C0548146
comment: The environmental intervention of removing objects (sharp or blunt) that could be used to harm or injure patient or others.

Reorientation
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Reorienting Person
umls:cui: C0204745
comment: The activity of changing the focus or direction of a person in order to help him/her to find the reality.

Reorientation to Event
type: Class
subclass of: Reorientation
Synonym: Event Reorientation
comment: The activity of helping a person figure out what event is going on.

Reorientation to Person
type: Class
subclass of: Reorientation
Synonym: Person Reorientation
comment: The activity of helping a person to figure out who a person is.

Reorientation to Place
type: Class
subclass of: Reorientation
Synonym: Place Reorientation
comment: The activity of helping a person figure out where he/she is.

Reorientation to Time
type: Class
subclass of: Reorientation
Synonym: Time Reorientation
comment: The activity of helping a person figure out what the time is.

Repetitive Physical Mannerism
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of behaving certain physical actions repetitively.

Repetitive Questioning
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C3662016
comment: The behaviour of questioning repetitively.

Rephrashing Unclear Verbal Communication
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
Synonym: Paraphrasing Unclear Verbal Communication
comment: People should express the statements (e.g., a question) in an alternative way for the purpose of clarification.

Repositioning
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C0556030
definition: The act of placing in a new position. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Respect to Other Person
type: Class
subclass of: Personality Trait
Synonym: Respect for Other Person, Respect for Others, Respect to Others
comment: Personality characterised by treating others with care.

Restlessness
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Restlessness Behavior, Restlessness Behaviour, Feeling of Restlessnss, Be Restless
umls:cui: C3887611
definition: A feeling of unrest or the need to move, and/or an inability to feel calm, relaxed, or be still. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Review of Complementary Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medication
comment: The activity of reviewing the non-prescription medications (normally available in health food shops, supermarkets and pharmacies) that a person is taking.

Review of Family History of Neurological Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the history of neurological disorder in a person's family.

Review of Family History of Psychiatric Disorder
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the history of psychiatric disorder in a person's family.

Review of Medical Record
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Medical Records Review
umls:cui: C0730229
comment: Review of the medical records of a person

Review of Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
Synonym: Review of Medication, Medication Review
umls:cui: C0560023
definition: The review of medication that a person is taking.

Review of Nursing Record
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
comment: Review information recorded by nurses concerning the nursing progress.

Review of Nutraceutical
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medication
comment: The activity of reviewing the nutraceuticals that a person is taking. A nutraceutical is any food or food ingredient considered to provide medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. Food-based (nutrition) substances that have pharmaceutical effects on human health. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Review of over the Counter Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medication
comment: The activity of reviewing of the over-the-counter medications that a person is taking.

Review of Past Medical History
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
Synonym: Review of Medical History
umls:cui: C0677073
comment: The activity of reviewing the past medical history of a person.

Review of Pathology Test
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the pathology tests that examine samples of body's tissues, including blood, urine, faeces (poo), samples obtained by biopsy.

Review of Prescribed Medication
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medication
comment: The activity of reviewing the prescribed medications that a person is taking.

Review of Prior Geriatric Evaluation Result
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
Synonym: Review of Prior Geriatric Assessment Result
comment: The activity of reviewing the prior geriatric evaluation results of a person. Geriatric evaluation refers to "the complete examination of an elderly individual, which includes a full valuation of the physical and cognitive conditions, as well as a check of the patient's emotional state." From The U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Review of Prior Neuroimaging Study Result
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the prior neuroimaging study results of a person. Neuroimaging refers to "the use of various techniques to directly or indirectly image the anatomy and function of the central nervous system". From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Review of Prior Neurological Assessment Result
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the prior neurological evaluation results of a person. A neurological assessment is the assessment of sensory neuron and motor responses, especially reflexes, to determine whether the nervous system is impaired.

Review of Prior Neuropsychological Test Result
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the prior neuropsychological test results of a person. Neuropsychological tests are specifically designed tasks that are used to measure a psychological function known to be linked to a particular brain structure or pathway.

Review of Prior Psychiatric Evaluation Result
type: Class
subclass of: Review of Medical Record
comment: The activity of reviewing the prior psychiatric evaluation results of a person. A psychiatric evaluation is the process of gathering information about a person within a psychiatric service. It generally involves multiple components, which can include answering questions verbally, receiving a physical test, and completing a questionnaire. It may be used to diagnose problems with memory, thought processes, and behaviors.

Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: RMBPC
Synonym: Revised Memory and Behavioral Problems Checklist, Revised Memory and Behavior Checklist
definition: A 24-item caregiver-report measure for the clinical and empirical assessment of both the presence of behavior problems in dementia patients, and the extent of caregiver “subjective burden” or “distress” associated with those problems. From American Psychological Association (apa.org)

Risk Assessment
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
umls:cui: C0086930
comment: The activity of characterizing the nature and likelihood of a harmful effect to individuals.

Risk-Taking Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Euphoria in Dementia
Synonym: Risky Behaviour
umls:cui: C0683303
comment: Risk-taking behaviours are those that potentially expose people to physical harm.

Roaring
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of making a very loud, deep, prolonged sound.

Robotic Animal-Assisted Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Animal Assisted Therapy
comment: A psychotherapy treatment based upon building a bond with a robot animal through interaction and play. For example, the therapeutic pet-type robot, PARO, was developed by Japanese engineers as an alternative to animal-assisted therapy. Modeled on the feature of a baby harp seal and weighing approximately 2.5 kg, RARO has 5 in-built sensors that enable the robot to respond autonomously to the user and his or her environment. PARO is diurnally active, and can move its flippers and tail, open and close its eyes, and make sounds similar to a baby harp seal.

Rocking
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Body Rocking, Repetitive Rocking Movements
umls:cui: C0005899
comment: The behaviour of repetitively moving body gently to and from side to side.

Role Identity
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
comment: The role (or character) people play when holding specific positions in groups.

Routine of Attending Religious Service
type: Class
subclass of: Religious Practice Routine
comment: Routine of attending the religious services.

Routine of Praying
type: Class
subclass of: Religious Practice Routine
comment: Routine of praying.

Rummaging
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of disorganised foraging.

Saint Louis University Mental Status Examination
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: SLUMS
Synonym: Saint Louis University Mental Status Exam, St Louis University Mental Status Exam, St Louis University Mental Status Examination
definition: The Saint Louis University Mental Status exam is an assessment tool for detecting mild cognitive impairment and dementia and was developed in partnership with the Geriatrics Research, Education and Clinical Center at the St. Louis Veterans Administration Medical Center.

Sandoz Clinical Assessment - Geriatric Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: SCAG
definition: The Sandoz Clinical Assessment-Geriatric (SCAG) scale was developed specifically for the evaluation of pharmacotherapy in senile dementia and related conditions. From Venn RD. The Sandoz Clinical Assessment-Geriatric (SCAG) scale. A general-purpose psychogeriatric rating scale. Gerontology. 1983;29(3):185-98. doi: 10.1159/000213113. PMID: 6852546.

Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: SANS-AD
Synonym: Assessment of Negative Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease
definition: The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms in Alzheimer’s Disease (SANS-AD) directly observes the person’s mood state in three subscales of affective flattening or blunting, avolition apathy, and social–emotional withdrawal. From Reichman, W. E., Coyne, A. C., Amirneni, S., Molino, B., & Egan, S. (1996). Negative symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 153(3), 424–426. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.153.3.424

Scheduled Reassurance Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: SRT
definition: Scheduled reassurance therapy involves brief 1 minute interactions every 30 minutes consisting of positive social interactions where no nursing/ care tasks are performed. From Wallace et al. 2012 ReBOC: Reducing Behaviours of Concern

Scheduling Challenging Activity When Person with Dementia is at His Best
type: Class
subclass of: Engaging Person in Activity
comment: Arranging challenging activities (e.g., bathing) when the person with dementia is likely to be at his or her best

Schizophrenia
type: Class
subclass of: Mental Disorder
Synonym: Schizophrenic Disorder
umls:cui: C0036341
definition: A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delution formation, hallucinations, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. From MeSH

Scratching
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of marking the surface of something with a sharp or pointed object; and hurting someone's body with one's fingernails.

Screaming
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0521008
comment: The behaviour of making a loud, piercing sound.

Screening for Driving Safety
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
comment: The activity of checking if it's safe for a person to drive a car or a motorised scooter.

Screening for Food Preparation Safety
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
comment: The activity of checking if a person can prepare food without any risks.

Searching
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Searching Behaviour
umls:cui: C4050474
comment: The behaviour of thoroughly scrutinizing, especially in a disconcerning way.

Second Generation Immigrant
type: Class
subclass of: Immigrant Generation Status
umls:cui: C2047974
comment: Individuals who have at least one foreign-born parent.

Self Harm Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Self Injurious Behaviour, Self Harm, Self Injury, Self Destructive Behaviour, Hurting Self
umls:cui: C0085271
definition: Behavior in which persons hurt or harm themselves without the motive of suicide or of sexual deviation. From MeSH

Self Isolation
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Self-Isolation, Self Social Isolation
comment: Person with emotional and mood disturbances (depression, anxiety, and apathy in dementia) may isolate oneself from others.

Self-Maintenance Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: Self-Maintenance Therapy promotes the recovery of self-esteem through activities for which the patient still has the requisite competence. The activity must be chosen individually in the light of the patient’s life history. From Kratz 2017 The diagnosis and treatment of behavioral disorders in dementia. Dtsch Arzteble Int 114. & Romero B, Eder G: Selbst-Erhaltungs-Therapie (SET): Konzept einer neuropsychologischen Therapie bei Alzheimer-Kranken. Zeitschrift für Gerontopsychologie und -psychiatrie 1992; 5: 267–82.

Self Neglect
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C0424359
definition: Profound inattention by individuals to their own health and hygiene. From MeSH

Self Talk
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Self Talking
umls:cui: C0871330
definition: Vocalized or unvocalized speech that is directed to oneself or an imaginary recipient. From Psychological Index Terms

Sensory Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Remaining Ability
Synonym: Sensory Capacity, Sensory Status
umls:cui: C4068684
comment: Ability of the sense organs (e.g., eye, ear, nose, skin) to receive input accurately from the sense organs.

Sensory Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Sensory Deficit, Sensory Defect, Sensory Deprivation
umls:cui: C3809741
comment: The impaired physical senses of a person.

Sensory Stimulation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Sensory Therapy
umls:cui: C5141264
comment: Sensory therapy uses stimulation of the different senses such as touch, smell, hearing and sight to promote wellbeing.

Separation from Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
umls:cui: C0680114
comment: Information about separation of a person from his/her family member.

Severe Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Stage Of Dementia
Synonym: Late Stage of Dementia, Advanced Dementia
umls:cui: C3494652
comment: The late stage of dementia. People with severe dementia may experience further mental and physical capability decline. They may loss the ability to communicate and need for full-time daily assistance with tasks (e.g., eating and dressing).

Sewing Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
umls:cui: C2977585
comment: The activity involving sewing for enjoyment.

Sexual Assault
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
comment: Information about sexual assault experienced by a person.

Sexual Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Sexuality
Synonym: Sex Behaviour, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Activity
umls:cui: C0036864
definition: Totality of normal and abnormal, conscious and unconscious, overt and covert sensations, thoughts, feelings, and actions related to sexual organs and other erotogenic zones, including goals and techniques. From Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Sexual Orientation
type: Class
subclass of: Sexuality
Synonym: Sex Orientation, Sexual Preference
umls:cui: C0205949
definition: Direction of one's sexual interest toward members of the same, opposite, or both sexes; involves feelings, and sense of identity. From Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) Thesaurus

Sexuality
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C0036915
definition: The sexual functions, activities, attitudes, and orientations of an individual. From MeSH

Shaving Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Personal Hygiene Preference
umls:cui: C0582058
comment: Preference to shaving, such as preference to dry shave or wet shave.

Shellfish Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Shellfish Hypersensitivity, Allergy to Shellfish
umls:cui: C0577625
definition: Allergic reaction to shellfish or shellfish products. From MeSH

Shouting
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Yelling
umls:cui: C0562551
comment: The behaviour of making a loud cry.

Shoving
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of pushing someone or something roughly.

Sign Language
type: Class
subclass of: Language Information
umls:cui: C0037078
definition: A system of hand gestures used for communication by the deaf or by people speaking different languages. From MeSH

Simplifying Task
type: Class
subclass of: Engaging Person in Activity
Synonym: Task Simplification
comment: The intervention that lowers the skill level requried of a person performing a task.

Simulated Presence Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
Abbreviation: SPT
Synonym: Simulated Family Presence Therapy
definition: An intervention that uses video or audiotape recordings of family members played to the person with dementia. From Abraha et al. 2020 Simulated presence therapy for dementia (Review)

Sister
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337514
comment: A female sibling of a person.

Sister-in-law
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C2350006
definition: A sister by marriage. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Sitting and Talking with Person
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
umls:cui: C0515842
comment: The intervention that a nursing staff needs to sit and talk with a person with dementia.

Skill for Communicating with Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is communication skill of
  some values from: Health Care Professional
comment: The technique for effectively communicating with person with dementia.

Skilled Immigration
type: Class
subclass of: Immigration Type
comment: Type of immigration that people are invited to live in other countries to fill critical labor gaps and contribute specialized skills.

Skills Mix
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Skill Mix
comment: The number, educational preparation of staff or level of staff, and their experience working in a clinical setting.

Skin Irritation
type: Class
subclass of: Skin Problem
umls:cui: C0152030
definition: A mild inflammatory dermal tissue reaction; it can be caused by physical contact with an irritant or can be a local response to a systemic trigger. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Skin Problem
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Dermatologic Problem
umls:cui: C0281822
comment: A person's skin condiitons that affect him/her.

Slamming
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of shutting something (such as a door or window) forcefully and loudly.

Sleep Deprivation
type: Class
subclass of: Sleep Disturbance
Synonym: Lack of Adequate Sleep, Sleep Deficit, Not Enough Sleep
umls:cui: C0037316
definition: Lack of the normal sleep / wake cycle. From Clinical Care Classification

Sleep Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
Synonym: Disturbance in Sleep Behaviour, Sleep Dysfunction, Difficulty Sleeping, Trouble Sleeping, Disturbed Sleep, Sleeping Disturbance, Sleep Disorder
umls:cui: C0037317
comment: The abnormality of sleep.

Smell Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Ability
Synonym: Smell Sense, Smell Perception, Olfaction, Sense of Smell
umls:cui: C0037361
definition: The ability to detect scents or odors. From MeSH

Smelling Flower
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of smelling various flowers.

Snoezelen Multisensory Stimulation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Multisensory Stimulation
Abbreviation: SMST
Synonym: Snoezel Therapy, Snoezelen Therapy, Multi-sensory Environment
definition: Snoezelen multisensory stimulation therapy comprises multiple stimuli and is aimed at stimulating the primary senses of sight, touch, taste and smell. The intervention is provided in specially designed rooms, which provide diverse sensory-stimulating effects/material including music, aroma, bubble tubes, fibre optic sprays and moving shapes projected across walls. From Abraha et al. 2017 Systematic review of systematic reviews of non-pharmacological interventions to treat behavioural disturbances in older patients with dementia. The SENATOR-OnTop series

Social Environment Causative Factor
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Causative Factor
comment: The factors of the social setting that may cause emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia.

Social Environmental Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Environmental Modification
Synonym: Modification of Social Environment
umls:cui: C4304386
comment: The intervention of modifying social environment - social and cultural forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual.

Social History
type: Class
subclass of: Background of Care Recipient
umls:cui: C3714536
definition: Past events that occurred between individuals and/or their communities. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Social Interaction Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Social Contact Intervention
comment: Interventions for managing behavioural and psychological symptoms by enhancing a person's social interactions with others, such as staff, family, and volunteers

Social Isolation
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
umls:cui: C0037421
comment: The separation of individuals or groups resulting in the lack of or minimizing of social contact and/or communication. This separation may be accomplished by physical separation, by social barriers and by psychological mechanisms. In the latter, there may be interaction but no real communication. From MeSH

Social Media Video Call
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
comment: The treatment that involves having converstion with others through social media video software, such as talking with families using Zoom.

Social Outing
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
comment: The activity of going out of a long-term care facility to attend a social event, e.g., a party.

Social Role
type: Class
subclass of: Role Identity
umls:cui: C0035820
comment: The role (or character) people play when holding specific social position in a functional group, such as club, sorority, fraternity, or the personnel of such a structure whose purpose is for social interactions.

Social Support
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
umls:cui: C0037438
comment: The support to a person in need from other persons (e.g., family members and friends), groups, organizations, or institutions.

Social Support Group Program
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environmental Intervention
comment: The program that provides a range of services to help the frail aged and people living with dementia and to keep them connected with their culture and community.

Social Worker
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
Abbreviation: SW
umls:cui: C0037444
definition: Professionals who work with persons affected by social disadvantages such as poverty, mental and physical illness or disability, and social injustice. Their focus is on both the individual and his or her environment, including violation of their civil liberties and human rights. From MeSH

Socialisation Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
Synonym: Socialization Hobby
comment: Hobby of socializing with others.

Solving Word Search Puzzle
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of solving word search puzzles.

Somewhat Effective
type: Class
subclass of: Effective
Source: Wiskow, K. M., Donaldson, J. M., & Matter, A. L. (2017). An evaluation of generalization of compliance across response types. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 402-420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/bar0000087
Synonym: Slightly Effective
comment: Slightly successful in producing a desired or intended result

Son
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0037683
comment: A male child of a person.

Son-in-law
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C2350007
definition: The husband of one's daughter. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Sonas Intervention
type: Class
subclass of: Multisensory Stimulation
definition: An Irish intervention that incorpirates cognitive, sensory, and social stimulation on the five senses of touch, smell, taste, hearing, and sight. From Jackson et al. 2003 A multisensory programme: Evaluating effects on agitation. Nursing and Residential Care 5:3

Sorting Button
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The organized activity of sorting buttons.

Sorting Coin
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The organized activity of sorting coins.

Soybean Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Soybean
comment: Allergic reaction to soybean or soybean products.

Spasm
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
umls:cui: C0037763
definition: An involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles. Spasms may involve skeletal muscle or smooth muscle. From MeSH

Speaking Clearly
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should speak clearly when communicating with a person with dementia.

Speaking Directly to Person with Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should speak directly to a person with dementia when communicating with him/her.

Speaking in Excessively Loud Voice
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
definition: The behaviour of speaking in a voice which is excessively loud.

Speaking Slowly
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should speak slowly when communicating with people with dementia.

Speech Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Therapist
Abbreviation: ST
Synonym: Language Therapist, Speech and Language Therapist, Speech Pathologist, Speech Language Pathologist, Speech Language Therapist
umls:cui: C0402015
definition: A specialist who evaluates and treats people with communication and swallowing problems. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Spiritual Belief
type: Class
subclass of: Belief
umls:cui: C0683811
comment: Acceptance of a superior being and is related to an existential perspective on life, death, and the nature of reality.

Spiritual Support
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Spiritual Care, Spiritual Comfort
umls:cui: C0150355
definition: Actions performed to console, restore, or promote spiritual health. From Clinical Care Classification

Spiritual Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Spirituality
umls:cui: C0679674
definition: Mystical, religious, or spiritual practices performed for health benefit. From MeSH

Spitting
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Spitting at Other Person, Spitting on People
umls:cui: C0562604
comment: The behaviour of ejecting saliva forcibly from one's mouth and spitting at other person.

Stabilising Emotional and Mood Disturbance
type: Class
subclass of: Care Goal for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Stabilizing Emotional and Mood Disturbance
comment: The care goal of stabilising (not becoming worse) the emotional and mood disturbance of a person with dementia.

Staff Care Recipient Ratio
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
Synonym: Staff Resident Ratio
comment: Ratio of staff number to one care recipient in the long term care facility

Staff Stability
type: Class
subclass of: Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention
comment: The state of being able to keep the same staff for a long time.

Staff Supervision
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
umls:cui: C0262730
definition: Facilitating the delivery of high-quality patient care by others. From Nursing Interventions Classification

Stage Of Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is stage of
  some values from: Dementia
Synonym: Severity of Dementia
umls:cui: C4716538
comment: Progression of dementia

Staring
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0423086
comment: The behaviour of looking fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with one's eyes wide open.

Starkstein Apathy Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
Abbreviation: SAS
definition: The Starkstein Apathy Scale (SAS) was published in 1992 and derived from the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) designed by Robert Marin in 1990. From Starkstein SE, Mayberg HS, Preziosi TJ, Andrezejewski P, Leiguarda R, Robinson RG. Reliability, validity, and clinical correlates of apathy in Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1992 Spring;4(2):134-9

Start Time
type: Class
subclass of: Time
umls:cui: C1301880
comment: The time at which something is to start or did start.

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Abbreviation: STAI
umls:cui: C5190293
definition: The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a commonly used measure of trait and state anxiety (Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, Vagg, & Jacobs, 1983). It can be used in clinical settings to diagnose anxiety and to distinguish it from depressive syndromes. From American Psychological Association https://www.apa.org/pi/about/publications/caregivers/practice-settings/assessment/tools/trait-state

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assesses
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
Abbreviation: STAI-AD, STAI-A
definition: The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Adults is the definitive instrument for measuring anxiety in adults. The STAI clearly differentiates between the temporary condition of "state anxiety" and the more general and long-standing quality of "trait anxiety." The essential qualities evaluated by the STAI-S Anxiety scale are feelings of apprehension, tension, nervousness, and worry. Scores on the STAI-S Anxiety scale increase in response to physical danger and psychological stress, and decrease as a result of relaxation training. On the STAI-T Anxiety scale, consistent with the trait anxiety construct, psychoneurotic and depressed patients generally have high scores. From APA PsycTests Database Record (c) 2019 APA

Stimulant Addiction
type: Class
subclass of: Addiction
Synonym: Stimulant Dependence
umls:cui: C2711618
comment: Addiction to stimulants which are a class of drugs, such as caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine.

Storytelling
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of sharing stories.

Strength Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
Synonym: Muscle Strength Exercise
umls:cui: C0419118
definition: Strength exercise works one's muscles by using a resistance against which the muscles need to exert a force. This increases muscles' strength, size, power and endurance. From www.nhs.uk (https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/exercise/how-to-improve-strength-flexibility/)

Stress of Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Effect of Emotional and Mood Disturbance on Health Care Professional
comment: The uneasy mental state of health care professional causing by emotional and mood disturbances of people with dementia.

Stretching Exercise
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
Synonym: Stretching, Stretch
umls:cui: C0600080
definition: A physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's elasticity. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Stroke
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Cerebrovascular Accident, Cerebral Stroke, Brain Vascular Accident, Cerebrovascular Stroke
umls:cui: C0038454
definition: A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to brain ischemia or intracranial hemorrhages. From MeSH

Structured Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
Synonym: Diversional Activity, Organized Activity, Recreational Activity
comment: The organized various activities for care recipients, which range from trivia games to puzzles.

Subdural Hematoma
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Abbreviation: SDH
Synonym: Subdural Intracranial Hematoma, Subdural Intracranial Hemorrhage
umls:cui: C0018946
definition: Accumulation of blood in the subdural space between the dura mater and the arachnoidal layer of the meninges. From MeSH

Suicidal Ideation
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C4554104
comment: Thoughts of taking one's own life. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Suicide
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C0038661
comment: The action of killing oneself intentionally.

Suicide Attempt
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C0038663
definition: The unsuccessful atempt to kill onesel. From MeSH

Sundowning
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Sundown Syndrome, Sundown, Sun Down
umls:cui: C1142436
definition: A syndrome of emergence or increment of neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as confusion and behavioral disturbances, in the late afternoon, early evening or at night. From SNOMEDCT_US

Sunlight Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Light Therapy
comment: The treatment of exposure to sunlight, e.g., exposure to natural sunlight for 30 minute periods in the morning and evening. From Wallace, T, Chand, R, Buck, E, Riley, P, Murphy, G, Brauer, H, McAuliffe, S, Doolette, J & McCrath, E 2012, ReBOC: reducing behaviours of concern: a hands on guide: a resource to assist those caring for people living with dementia., Alzheimer’s Association (SA) Inc., Adelaide.

Support to Family Member
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member Focused Intervention
Synonym: Provide Privacy and Support for Family Member
umls:cui: C0515044
comment: The intervention of providing resources, information and services to family members of a person with dementia.

Support to Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
comment: The support to health care professionals caring for people living with dementia.

Surviving Holocaust
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
comment: Information of a person in surviving holocause which is a massive slaughter, especially the systematic mass extermination of European Jews in Nazi concentration camps prior to and during World War II.

Swallowing Problem
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Swallowing Impairment, Impaired Swallowing, Problem with Swallowing
umls:cui: C0392678
definition: Abnormal functioning of the swallowing mechanism associated with deficits in oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal structure or function. From NANDA-International

Swimming
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
umls:cui: C0039003
definition: An activity in which the body is propelled through water by specific movement of the arms and/or the legs. From MeSH

Tactile Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Impairment
Synonym: Tactile Sensation Impairment
umls:cui: C0241328
comment: The touch sensation of a person is no longer normal.

Tai Chi
type: Class
subclass of: Mind-Body Therapy
Synonym: Tai Ji, Tai Chi Quan, Tai Chi Chuan, Tai-Chi
umls:cui: C0376403
definition: A form of traditional Chinese mind/body exercise and meditation that uses slow sets of body movements and controlled breathing. Tai chi is done to improve balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Taking Other People's Belonging
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of inappropriately taking other people's belonging.

Taking Vital Sign
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Observation of Vital Sign, Vital Signs Assessment
umls:cui: C0150404
comment: The actions performed to assess a person's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure.

Task-Focused Organisational Culture
type: Class
subclass of: Organisational Culture
Synonym: Task-Focused Workplace Culture, Task-Focused Organizational Culture
comment: The organisational culture that staff focus on completing assigned tasks in a timely manner.

Taste Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Ability
Synonym: Taste Sense, Taste Sensation, Gustation, Taste Perception
umls:cui: C0039336
comment: The ability to distinguish sweet, sour, bitter, and salty properties in the mouth.

Tasting Sweet Food
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of tasting sweet food.

Tearfulness
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Depression in Dementia
Synonym: Crying
umls:cui: C1717727
comment: Sadness expressed by weeping. From Vocabulary.com

Tearing
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of pulling something apart or to pieces with force, such as tearing books.

Tender Loving Care
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Abbreviation: TLC
umls:cui: C0419204
comment: The intervention of giving a person extra compassionate, thoughtful attention.

Therapist
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional
umls:cui: C0871525
definition: Conceptually broad terms referring to persons trained in the treatment of problems including mental disorders and behavior disorders. From the Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms

Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
type: Class
subclass of: Person with Dementia Focused Intervention
definition: Conceptually broad term referring to psychological or physical measures designed to ameliorate emotional and mood disturbances in dementia.

Thirst
type: Class
subclass of: Unmet Physiological Need
Synonym: Desire for Drinks, Desire for Fluids
umls:cui: C0039971
definition: A desire for water.

Threat
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
umls:cui: C0749385
comment: A statement of an intention to injury, damage, or other hostile action on someone in retribution for something done or not done.

Throwing Object
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using hands to lift something and propel it with force through the air.

Time
type: Class
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is time of
  some values from: Class
    union of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
    union of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0040223
definition: The dimension of the physical universe which, at a given place, orders the sequence of events. From MeSH

Toiletry Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Preference to items used in washing and taking care of one's body, such as soap, shampoo, and toothpaste.

Torres Strait Islander
type: Class
subclass of: Demographic Information
definition: Information about a person that if he/she is Torres Strait Islander.

Touch Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Ability
Synonym: Tactile Sense, Touch Sensation, Sense of Touch, Touch Sense
umls:cui: C0702221
definition: The ability to perceive an object or other stimulus that comes into contact with the surface of the skin (e.g., by pressure, stroking). From APA Dictionary of Psychology

Touch Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Synonym: Therapeutic Touch
umls:cui: C5141260
definition: Therapeutic touch refers to an intentionally directed process where the practitioner uses the hands as a focus to facilitate the healing process. From Woods & Dimond, 2002 The effect of therapeutic touch on agitated behavior and cortisol in person with Alzheimer's disease. Biological Research for Nursing 4:2

Touching Gently
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: Touching a person with dementia in a manner that is soft and mild.

Towel Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Preference to towel to use, e.g., colour or fabric of towel.

Toy Animal-Assisted Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Animal Assisted Therapy
comment: A psychotherapy treatment based upon building a bond with a toy animal through interaction and play. It is usually a stuffed animal toy, such as a Teddy Bear.

Transfer of Care
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C1531390
comment: The activity that a long term care facility turns over responsibility for the care of a person to another care provider.

Transfer of Care to Another Long Term Care Facility
type: Class
subclass of: Transfer of Care
comment: The activity of transferring of care to another long term care factility.

Transfer of Care to Home
type: Class
subclass of: Transfer of Care
comment: The activity of transferring of a care recipient to home.

Transfer of Care to Hospital
type: Class
subclass of: Transfer of Care
umls:cui: C1997687
comment: The activity of transferring of care to a hospital.

Transgender
type: Class
subclass of: LGBTQ
Synonym: Transgendered Person
umls:cui: C3266856
definition: Persons having a sense of persistent identification with, and expression of, gender-coded behaviors not typically associated with one's anatomical sex at birth, with or without a desire to undergo sex reassignment procedures. From MeSH

Traumatic Life Event
type: Class
subclass of: Previous Life Event
Synonym: Trauma
comment: Life events of a person that is deeply disturbing ro distressing.

Treatment Plan Development
type: Class
subclass of: Management Activity of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Synonym: Developing a Care Plan, Development of Care Plan
umls:cui: C1302613
comment: It refers to the activity of developing a person-centred plan of care including the creation and updating of the care plan.

Tree Nut Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Tree Nut
umls:cui: C4304131
comment: Allergic reaction to tree nut (e.g., walnut and hazelnut) or tree nut products.

Tremor
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Tremble, Shaking, Shakes, Trambling Movement
umls:cui: C0040822
definition: Unintentional trembling or shaking of one or more body parts. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Turning off Television
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Turning off TV
comment: Turning off the television when it's too noisy or when there are upsetting programs or images

Uncle
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0337577
definition: The brother of one's father or mother; the husband of one's aunt. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Uncomfortable Room Temperature
type: Class
subclass of: Overstimulation of Touch Sense
comment: The temperature of the room is not comfortable for a person.

Understimulation from Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environment Causative Factor
comment: The environment provides a person with insufficient stimulation.

Understimulation of Hearing Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation from Environment
comment: The hearing sense of a person is insufficiently stimulated.

Understimulation of Smell Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation from Environment
comment: The smell sense of a person is insufficiently stimulated.

Understimulation of Taste Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation from Environment
comment: The taste sense of a person is insufficiently stimulated.

Understimulation of Touch Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation from Environment
comment: The touch sense of a person is insufficiently stimulated.

Understimulation of Vision Sense
type: Class
subclass of: Understimulation from Environment
comment: The vision sense of a person is insufficiently stimulated.

Unfamiliar Health Care Professional
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
comment: Health care professionals may not be known or recognized by people with dementia.

Unfamiliar Situation
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environment Causative Factor
comment: The unfamiliar situations that people with dementia may be not having knowledge or experience of.

Unmet Need to Defecate
type: Class
subclass of: Unmet Need to Eliminate
Synonym: Unmet Need of Bowel Movement, Unmet Need of Bowel Motion, Unmet Need of Bowel Excretion
comment: Unmet need to discharge faeces from the body.

Unmet Need to Eliminate
type: Class
subclass of: Unmet Physiological Need
comment: Unmet need to expel waste matter from the body

Unmet Need to Urinate
type: Class
subclass of: Unmet Need to Eliminate
Synonym: Unmet Need of Urinary Excretion, Unmet Need to Pass Urine, Unmet Need to Pass Water
comment: Unmet Need to discharge urine from the body.

Unmet Physiological Need
type: Class
subclass of: Intrapersonal Causative Factor
comment: The physiological need that is not met.

Urinalysis
type: Class
subclass of: Health Assessment
Synonym: Urinalysis Procedure, Urine Examination, Analysis of Urine, Urine Analysis, Urine Test, Procedures Test Urine, Test Urine
umls:cui: C0042014
definition: Examination of urine by chemical, physical, or microscopic means. From MeSH

Urinary Incontinence
type: Class
subclass of: Incontinence
Synonym: Absence of Bladder Continence, Lack of Bladder Control, Leaking of Urine, Loss of Bladder Control, Unable to Control Bladder, Unable to Hold Urine
umls:cui: C0042024
definition: Involuntary passage of urine outside the body. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Urinary Retention
type: Class
subclass of: Medical Illness
Synonym: Unable to Void Urine, Unable to Pass Urine, Unable to Empty Bladder, Retention of Urine, Bladder Retention of Urine, Bladder Inability to Empty, Bladder Distention
umls:cui: C0080274
definition: Inability to empty the urinary bladder with voiding (urination). From MeSH

Use of Different Language
type: Class
subclass of: Behaviour of Health Care Professional
comment: The health care professional's behaviour of using the language that is different with the language used by people with dementia.

Using Abusive Language
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using extremely offensive and insulting language.

Using Accusatory Language
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using the language which indicating or suggesting that one believes a person has done something wrong.

Using Calm Tone
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should use calm tone when communicating with people with dementia.

Using Cue Card
type: Class
subclass of: Nursing Practice Intervention
Synonym: Communication Card
comment: The intervention of using cue cards, as visual tools, to assist family members, health care professionals and/or volunteers to communicate more easily with the person with dementia.

Using Hostile Language
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using unfriendly language.

Using Minimal Encourager
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: Using small signals that let the speaker know you are listening and understanding - words like “uh-huh”, “yes”, “no”, “mmm”, and little actions like nodding that show you are engaged in listening.

Using Nonverbal Communication
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should use nonverbal communicaiton (e.g., body language and facial expression) to complement verbal communication when communicating with a person with dementia.

Using Obscene Language
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using offensive and disgusting language.

Using Pleasant Tone
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should use pleasant tone when communicating with people with dementia.

Using a Portable Bedside Commode
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: Using a portable, stand-alone, non-flushing commode that can be conveniently placed next to a bed within a room. It is a safe and easy toileting alternative.

Using Positive Word
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should use positive word(s) when communicating with a person with dementia.

Using Profane Language
type: Class
subclass of: Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
comment: The behaviour of using disrespect language.

Using Simple Language
type: Class
subclass of: Communicating Action Suggested
comment: People should use short, simple words when communicating with a person with dementia.

Using Social Robot
type: Class
subclass of: Social Interaction Intervention
comment: The intervention of using a social robot to manage the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in people with dementia, such as Evas that is a social and conversational robot. From Cruz-Sandoval and Favela, 2019, A conversational robot to conduct therapeutic interventions for dementia, IEEE Pervasive Comput. 18:2

Using Unobtrusive Safety Design for Physical Environment
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Environmental Intervention
comment: The intervention that using unobtrusive safety design for physical environment of people with dementia.

Using Verbal Reminder
type: Class
subclass of: Reminding
Synonym: Using Voice Reminder, Using a Oral Reminder
comment: Using a voice reminder to help a person to remember something

Using Worry Beads
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
comment: The intervention of manipulating and swinging a string of beads in a pattern.

Using Written Note as Reminder
type: Class
subclass of: Reminding
comment: Using written notes as reminders to help a person to remember something

Validation Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Therapy for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
umls:cui: C0556529
definition: Use of a method of therapeutic communication with elderly persons with dementia that focuses on emotional rather than factual content. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Verbal Communication Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Remaining Ability
Synonym: Ability to Use Verbal Communication
comment: Ability of using spoken language to send an intential message to another person.

Verbally Aggressive Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Disruptive Vocalisation
Synonym: Verbally Aggressive Behavior
comment: The verbal and vocal agitated behaviours.

Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour
type: Class
subclass of: Disruptive Vocalisation
Synonym: Verbally Nonaggressive Behavior
comment: The verbal and vocal behaviours that are not aggressive.

Virtual Reality Therapy
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Stimulation Therapy
Abbreviation: VR-therapy
Synonym: Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy, Virtual Reality Immersion Therapy
umls:cui: C3494470
definition: Treatment technique in a virtual environment which allows the participant to experience a sense of presence in an immersive, computer-generated, three-dimensional, interactive environment that minimizes avoidance behavior and facilitates emotional involvement. From Curr Psychiatry Rep 2010, 12:298, MeSH

Vision Ability
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Ability
Synonym: Visual Function, Sight, Seeing Function, Sense of Sight, Sensory Visual Perception
umls:cui: C0042789
definition: The ability of perception of objects by the eye. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Visitor Preference
type: Class
subclass of: Preference
comment: Preference to visitors.

Visual Analog Mood Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
Abbreviation: VAMS
Synonym: Visual Analog Mood Scales
definition: The Visual Analog Mood Scale (VAMS) is a reliable and valid measure of eight specific mood states: Afraid, Confused, Sad, Angry, Energetic, Tired, Happy, and Tense. This simple, brief test places minimal cognitive or linguistic demands on the respondent and is appropriate for neurologically impaired individuals or those who are unable to complete more verbally or cognitively demanding instruments. From https://www.parinc.com/Products/Pkey/471

Visual Impairment
type: Class
subclass of: Sensory Impairment
Synonym: Vision Impairment, Poor Vision, Low Vision, Dim Vision, Dimming Vision, Loss of Vision, Loss of Eyesight, Decreased Vision, Diminished Vision, Reduced Vision, Subnormal Vision, Eyesight Issue, Vision Loss, Impaired Vision
umls:cui: C0042798
definition: Reduced ability to perceive visual stimuli. From the U.S. Nationcal Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Volunteer
type: Class
subclass of: Person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: assists
  some values from: Person
Synonym: Voluntary Worker
umls:cui: C0042960
definition: Persons who donate their services. From MeSH

Volunteer Program
type: Class
subclass of: Social Environmental Intervention
comment: The program that volunteers visit people living in the long term care facilities to keep them entertained and supported.

Walking
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Exercise Therapy
umls:cui: C0080331
definition: An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. From MeSH

Wandering
type: Class
subclass of: Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour
Synonym: Wandering Behaviour, Wandering in Dementia
umls:cui: C0871597
definition: Moving oneself through space while confused or otherwise cognitively impaired. From MeSH

War Experience
type: Class
subclass of: Traumatic Life Event
comment: War experience of a person.

Watching Football Game Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Watching Sport Show Hobby
comment: Hobby of watching football game.

Watching Moive
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
comment: The activity of watching movies.

Watching Sport Show Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Hobby
comment: Hobby of watching sports show, such as watching tennis game, and football game.

Watching Television
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Watching TV
comment: The activity of watching television.

Watching Tennis Game Hobby
type: Class
subclass of: Watching Sport Show Hobby
comment: Hobby of watching tennis game.

Weight Gain
type: Class
subclass of: Body Weight Change
Synonym: Weight Increased, Weight Increasing
umls:cui: C0043094
definition: Increase in body weight over existing weight. From MeSH

Weight Loss
type: Class
subclass of: Body Weight Change
Synonym: Body Weight Loss, Weight Decreased, Lose Weight, Losing Weight, Decreased Weight
umls:cui: C1262477
definition: Decrease in existing body weight. From MeSH

Wheat Allergy
type: Class
subclass of: Food Allergy
Synonym: Allergy to Wheat, Wheat Hypersensitivity
umls:cui: C0949570
definition: Allergic reaction to wheat that is triggered by the immune system. From MeSH

Wife
type: Class
subclass of: Family Member
umls:cui: C0242665
comment: The female partner in marriage.

Withdrawal
type: Class
subclass of: Manifestation of Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Anxiety in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Apathy in Dementia
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: is manifestation of
  some values from: Depression in Dementia
umls:cui: C2825032
definition: A social or emotional detachment, pathological retreat from objective reality, interpersonal contact and social involvement. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus

Woman
type: Class
subclass of: Perceived Gender
comment: A person, who regardless of their sex assigned at birth, identifies as a woman.

Woodworking Activity
type: Class
subclass of: Structured Activity
Synonym: Carpentry
comment: The activity of making items from wood.

Workforce Planning
type: Class
subclass of: Health Care Professional Focused Intervention
Abbreviation: WFP
comment: Workforce Planning is the process of analyzing, forecasting, and planning workforce supply and demand, assessing gaps, and determining target talent management interventions to ensure that an organization has the right people - with the right skills in the right places at the right time - to fulfill its mandate and strategic objectives. From the U.S. National Institutes of Health

Worry Scale
type: Class
subclass of: Assessment Tool for Emotional and Mood Disturbance in Dementia
definition: The Worry Scale is developed to assess anxiety-related uncontrollable negative thinking in financial, health, and social areas. From Wisocki, P. A., Handen, B., & Morse, C. K. (1986). The Worry Scale as a measure of anxiety among homebound and community active elderly. the Behavior Therapist, 9(5), 91–95.

Yoga
type: Class
subclass of: Mind-Body Therapy
Synonym: Yoga Therapy
umls:cui: C1883583
definition: An ancient system of practices used to balance the mind and body through exercise, meditation (focusing thoughts), and control of breathing and emotions. Yoga is being studied as a way to relieve stress and treat sleep problems in cancer patients. From the U.S. National Cancer Institute Thesaurus