Emna Amdouni and Bernard Gibaud
IBO is a biomedical ontology that enables the annotation of imaging biomarker data (e.g., measurement processes, measures, clinical processes, imaging datasets, etc.).
We have changed the initial BFO definition of the relation 'has role'. We have define that every continuant (dependent or independent) are authorized to inheres a role when it participate in a given process. Imaging biomarker values have their associated roles which can be a diagnostic, predictive, prognosis and surrogate endpoint role.
is_estimated_from
'is estimated from' is a specification of the relationship 'is about' and it serves to link an 'information content entity' to another 'information content entity'.
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni, Yanncik Morvan and Bernard Gibaud
This relationship can be used to denotes how a particular information content entity was been derived from another 'information content entity'.
is_process_profile_measurement_of
Emna Amdouni, Yannick Morvan and Bernard Gibaud
MR dataset
A MR DATASET is either a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET or a NON- RECONSTRUCTED DATASET. However, the applications considered in the context of the Neurolog project concern essentially RECONTRUCTED MR DATASETS. So, for simplicity, all the specializations of MR DATASETS currently defined in the ontology are RECONSTRUCTED DATASETS. This choice will be reconsidered later on to take into account both RECONTRUCTED and NON-RECONSTRUCTED MR DATASETS.
Farooq Ahmad , Michel Dojat, Bernard Gibaud, Gilles Kassel, Lynda Temal
September 30th, 2008
A DATASET is a PROPOSITION. [EP/ER] Every DATASET has for proper part exactly one DATASET SET OF VALUES during a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every DATASET has for proper part exactly one DATASET META-DATA during a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every DATASET is expressed by at least one DATASET EXPRESSION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every DATASET is physically realized by at least one FILE at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ICL] No DATASET is a DATASET META-DATA. [EP/ICL] No DATASET is a DATASET SET OF VALUES.
DATASETS are divided among MR DATASETS, PET DATASETS, CT DATASETS, SPECT DATASETS, MEG DATASETS, and EEG DATASETS according to their modality. We chose to restrict the definition of these modality DATASETS. All the parameters derived from such modality DATASETS, such as QUANTITATIVE T1 DATASET, etc., are not considered as modality DATASETS. [SA] DATASETS are divided among SINGLE SUBJECT DATASETS and MULTIPLE SUBJECT DATASETS according to whether they refer to one SUBJECT or not. [SA] DATASETS are divided among ANATOMICAL DATASETS, FUNCTIONAL DATASETS, METABOLIC DATASETS, and HEMODYNAMIC DATASETS according to the kind of entity they explore. [SA] DATASETS are divided among REGISTRATION DATASETS, SEGMENTATION DATASETS, TEMPLATE DATASETS, etc., according to the kind of processing they are the result of. [SA] DATASETS are divided among RECONSTRUCTED DATASETS and NON-RECONSTRUCTED DATASETS whether they provide measurements at well-identified locations in 3D space.
dataset
dataset metadata
Every DATASET META-DATA is a proper part of exactly one DATASET during a TIME INTERVAL. No DATASET META-DATA is a DATASET. No DATASET META-DATA is a DATASET SET OF VALUES.
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni and Bernrad Gibaud
dataset set of values
A DATASET SET OF VALUES is a PROPOSITION. Every DATASET SET OF VALUES is a proper part of only one DATASET during a TIME INTERVAL. No DATASET SET OF VALUES is a DATASET. No DATASET SET OF VALUES is a DATASET META-DATA.
data set of values
hemodynamic dataset
A HEMODYNAMIC DATASET is a DATASET which explores a blood flow.
parameter quantification dataset
This class of PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASETS subsumes all the RECONSTRUCTED DATASETS that measure clinically relevant biological quantities of the tissues, such as T1 value, regional cerebral blood volume, fractional anisotropy, etc. They generally result of post-processing of acquired images, based on some estimation model. The values represented in those datasets are considered as measures because they are supposed to be “reproducible when measured again, and also comparable with measurements made by others in others locations”
segmentation dataset
segmentation-dataset is a dataset is a dataset which is the result of a segmentation at a time interval. Every segmentation dataset can be superimpposed with another reconstructed dataset or segmentation dataset or statistical dataset or parameter qunatification dataset. Based on AIM model definition, segmentation is a result segmentation of segmentation process where segmenting or partitioning digital image (s) in to a set of pixels. These pixels are stored in a separate file from the original image(s).
single subject dataset
template dataset
A TEMPLATE DATASET is a STATISTICAL DATASET which is a result of a DATASETS MEAN CALCULATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [CP/SL] Every TEMPLATE DATASET is a STATISTICAL DATASET. [CP/ER] Every TEMPLATE DATASET refers to a GROUP OF SUBJECTS.
calibration model application
October 16th, 2008
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni and Bernard Gibaud
dataset processing
dataset processing is a data transformation process that represents the process of extracting clinically relevant information or knowledge from medical images. While closely related to the field of medical imaging, data processing focuses on the computational analysis of the images, not their acquisition. The methods can be grouped into several broad categories: image segmentation, image registration, image-based physiological modeling, and others.
fractional anisotropy calculation
A FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY CALCULATION has for data only a DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY CALCULATION has for result a FRACTIONAL ANISOTROPY DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
PERSONS: Farooq Ahmad, Michel Dojat, Bernard Gibaud, Gilles Kassel, Lynda Temal
image segmentation
A SEGMENTATION is a DATASET PROCESSING. [EP/ER] Every SEGMENTATION has for result at least one SEGMENTATION DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [CP/EVR] No SEGMENTATION has for data an EEG DATASET or a MEG DATASET or a NON-RECONSTRUCTED DATASET or a REGISTRATION DATASET or a MESH DATASET or a SEGMENTATION DATASET or a CALIBRATION DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
ONL-DP
medical image segmentation
mean diffusivity calculation
A MEAN DIFFUSIVITY CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every MEAN DIFFUSITY CALCULATION has for data only a DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every MEAN DIFFUSIVITY CALCULATION has for result a MEAN DIFFUSIVITY DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
quantitative parameter estimation
A QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION is a medical image analysis. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION has for result a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
Quantitative parameter estimation is the procedure that leads to the quantitative estimation of a specific physiological parameter.
image reconstruction
A RECONSTRUCTION is a DATASET PROCESSING. [EP/ER] Every RECONSTRUCTION has for data exactly one NON-RECONSTRUCTED DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every RECONSTRUCTION has for result exactly one RECONSTRUCTED DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
resampling
statistical analysis
MRI contrast agent
MRI contrast agent is a pharmaceuical agent that represents contrast media used to improve the visibility of internal body structures in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The most commonly used compounds for contrast enhancement are gadolinium-based. Such MRI contrast agents shorten the relaxation times of atoms within body tissues following oral or intravenous administration.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MRI_contrast_agent
labeled symbol
lesion size, tumor volume, etc
measurements can be described as scalar quantities.
Examples include temperature with the Celsius scale, which has two defined points (the freezing and boiling point of water at specific conditions) and then separated into 100 intervals, date when measured from an arbitrary epoch (such as AD), percentage such as a percentage return on a stock, and direction measured in degrees from true or magnetic north.
interval scale
in this context this term is used to represent the mean of grey levels' values.
medical image creation
we have reused this term to define process that have as gaol to evaluate risk intervention.
we have reused this term to define process that have as goal to evaluate risk intervention (predict the consequence of an intervention)
PERSON: Andrew J.Buckler
biological sex
radioactivity concentration
anatomical structure
cellular target
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni and Bernard Giabud
'ex vivo subject' is an 'imaging subject' that refers to living tissue, substance or cells that can be extracted from an organism in order to realize some experimentations / measurements.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex_vivo
We have based our definition on the information presented in Wikipedia.
ex vivo subject
'Imaging agent' is a 'material to be added' that represents chemicals designed to allow clinicians to determine whether a mass is benign or malignant and locate metastatic cancer sites in the body.
The development of an imaging agent involves synthesizing the agent to target a particular tumor or process, after which the imaging instruments can be adjusted to neutralize the target. Such agents are first examined via preclinical animal studies before engaging in early-phase human clinical studies.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_agent
imaging agent
imaging subject
'in vitro subject' is an 'imaging subject' that represents cells or biological molecules that are studied outside their normal biological context.
for example proteins are examined in solution, or cells in artificial culture medium.
in vitro subject
'in vivo subject' is a 'subject' that is used in an vivo study. In vivo studies are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms usually animals including humans, and plants as opposed to a partial or dead organism, or those done in vitro ("within the glass"), i.e., in a laboratory environment using test tubes, petri dishes etc. Examples of investigations in vivo include: the pathogenesis of disease by comparing the effects of bacterial infection with the effects of purified bacterial toxins; the development of antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and new drugs generally; and new surgical procedures.
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vivo
in vivo subject
metastasis
molecular target
parameter extraction algorithm
PERSON: Emna Amdouni
'phantom experimental subject' is an 'imaging subject' is a specially designed object that is scanned or imaged in the field of medical imaging to evaluate, analyze, and tune the performance of various imaging devices. A phantom is more readily available and provides more consistent results than the use of a living subject or cadaver, and likewise avoids subjecting a living subject to direct risk. Phantoms were originally employed for use in 2D x-ray based imaging techniques such as radiography or fluoroscopy, though more recently phantoms with desired imaging characteristics have been developed for 3D techniques such as MRI, CT, Ultrasound, PET, and other imaging methods or modalities.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaging_phantom
imaging phantom experimental subject
QIBO: http://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/QIBO
predicting response to therapy
A prognosis is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease.
medical prognosis
quantitation algorithm
Screening in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms.
screening
staging
satging is the determination of distinct phases or periods in the course of a disease, the life history of an organism, or any biological process.
treatment assessment
imaging biomarker volumetric flow rate datum
air contrast
annotator role
attapulgite
barium contrast agent
barium sulfate suspension
bentonite
blood pool contrast agent
carbon dioxide contrast
choline/creatine ratio measurement datum
DICOM standard, Part 16
for single-proton MR spectroscopy, the ratio between the choline and creatine resonance peaks.
chromium labeled red blood cells
chromium diethyl hia meglumine
clay suspension
combination of oil emulsion and paramagnetic substance
conray
conray 30
conray 43
cysto conray ii
cystografin
cystografin dilute
diatrizoate
drug delivery microbbubles
emulsion containing baby formula with ferrous sulfate
emulsion containing corn oil and ferric ammonium citrate
encapsulated microbubbles
FDA validated imaging biomarker measurement protocol function
ferric ammonium citrate
ferric chloride
ferrioxamine
ferrioamine methanesulfonate
ferixan
ferumoxides
ferumoxtran 10
foreign body
Objects that inadvertently enter the body or body cavities from the environment.
May include marker clips, coils, wires, catheter sleeves, injected or leaked silicone, metal or glass related to trauma, and implants.
gadobenate dimeglumine
gadobutrol
gadodiamide
gadofosveset trisodium
gadolinium labeled albumin
gadolinium labeled dextran
gadolinium chelate
A gadolinium chelate is a contrast agent which combines ion and ligand molecule, also known as the chelate complex. A ligand is the molecule that is used to bind the ion, in this case Gadolinium
gadolinium oxide
gadopentetate dimeglumine
gadoterate meglumine
gadoteridol
gadoversetamide
gadoxetic acid disodium salt
gas contrast
gastrografin
geometrical shape
Annotation and Image Markup (AIM) model: https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/AIM/Annotation+and+Image+Markup+-+AIM
a 'geometrical shape' is an 'image markup' which represents the shape of graphical drawing placed on a region of interest (ROI).
helium contrast
hepatobiliary chelate
hepatobiliary contrast agent
hounsfield scale
CT numbers
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hounsfield_scale
a 'Hounsfield scale' is a 'quantitative scale' for describing radiodensity. This scale represents a linear transformation of the original linear attenuation coefficient measurement in one in which the radiodensity of distilled water at standard pressure and temperature (STP) is defined as zero Hounsfield units (HU), while the radiodensity of air at STP is defined as -1000 HU.
hounsfield unit
hypaque
screening based on imaging biomarker
'screening based on imaging biomarker' is a 'screening' process that uses diagnostic biomarkers to detect and treat early stage disease in the asymptomatic population.
Book title: evaluation of biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in chronic disease link: https://books.google.fr/books?hl=fr&lr=&id=lVpopHW10dUC&oi=fnd&pg=PT1&dq=Evaluation+of+biomarkers+and+surrogate+endpoints+in+chronic+disease.+National+Academies+Press.&ots=5VC5wGE0x9&sig=QBHnoM0DvthLJKveycIaJN0u1Js#v=onepage&q=Evaluation%20of%20biomarkers%20and%20surrogate%20endpoints%20in%20chronic%20disease.%20National%20Academies%20Press.&f=false
image markup
Annotation and Image Markup model (AIM): https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/AIM/Annotation+and+Image+Markup+-+AIM
an 'image markup' is an 'image annoatation' which represents graphical drawing and textual description that can be placed on image.
iodinated contrast agent
iodized oil
ionic gadolinium chelate
ionic high osmolality monomeric contrast agent
ionic iodinated contrast agent
ionic linear gadolinium chelate
ionic linear gadolinium chelate with protein binding
ionic macrocyclic gadolinium chelate
iothalamate
ioxithalamate
isopaque
K-trans is an 'imaging biomarker volume measurement datum' that represents the volume transfer constant between blood plasma and EES.
kaolin pectate
liposome
image creation Log
magnetite albumin microspheres
MD 76 R
MD gastroview
metalloporphyrin
metrizoate
microbubbles contrast
mineral oil contrast
monoclonal antibody
Antibodies produced by clones of cells such as those isolated after hybridization of activated b lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. These hybrids are often referred to as hybridomas. [MeSH]
N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratio measurement datum
N-acetylaspartate/choline ratio measurement datum
nitroxide
nitroxide stable free radicals
none label option
nonencapsulated microbbubbles
nonionic gadolinium chelate
nonionic linear gadolinium chelate
nonionic macrocyclic gadolinium chelate
oil contrast
oil emulsion contrast
oral magnetic particles
paramagnetic agent
perfluorochemical
prognostic imaging biomarker role
'prognostic imaging biomarker role' is a 'role' that inheres in prognostic process, when used it enables the identification of patients with differing risks of a specific outcome. Thus, in rognostic process imaging biomarkers are used as a markers to differentiate categories of patients various risks for a fixed change , regardless of choice of the treatment (or choosing not to administer treatment)
imaging biomarker application
imaging biomarker application is a 'data transformation' which represents imaging biomarker's role in a decision model context. This class defines the possible
imaging biomarkers are mainly used in the clinical context, to: *Diagnosis process *Prognosis *Assesment of response to therapeutic intervention *Prediction of the outcome of a therapeutic intervention, reccurence and survival ========================================================= A list of examples of use of imaging biomarkers are given in these refrences: *Publication: Medical imaging in personalised medicine: a white paper of the research committee of the European Society of Radiology (ESR): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4376812/ (see table 2) *Book: Evaluation of Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in chronic disease (institute of medicine)
imaging biomarker application model
An 'imaging biomarker application model' is an 'algorithm' that defines the different evaluation criteria that must be tested in order to make a decision. These criteria may include, patient age, type and number of therapies that have been realized, therapeutic response, etc. An 'imaging biomaker application model' is, thus, concretizied by an 'imaging biomarker application' .
imaging biomarker assesment investigation
We validate a biomarker for a particular role and population.
imaging biomarker average value calculation algorithm
diagnostic process based on imaging biomarker
'diagnostic process based on imaging biomarker' is a 'performing a diagnosis' process that definitively establish the presence or not of a disease.
investigation based on imaging biomarker
imaging biomarker based investigation is an investiagtion that represents biomarker investigations in clinical trial and practice.
predicting response to therapy based on imaging biomarker
prognosis based on imaging biomarker
staging based on imaging biomarker
survival estimation based on imaging biomarker
survival estimation based on imaging biomarker is a survival estimation entity that represents the action of predicting organism's survival period.
imaging biomarker based treatment assessment
imaging biomarker mean value calculation algorithm
imaging biomarker measurement process
imaging biomarker measurement process is a planned process which represents the set of realized actions that have to be executed to generate a biomarker value.
imaging biomarker measurement protocol
An 'imaging biomarker protocol' is a 'protocol' that describes and defines the procedure of measurement, the calibrated measuring system parameters and the measurement conditions, to a generate a biomarker use with an intended role. Imaging process standards help sponsors ensure that imaging data are obtained in a manner that complies in a manner that complies with a trial's protocol, that the quality of imaging data is maintained within among clinical sites, and that there is a verifiable record of the imaging process.
QIBA Profile: FDG-PET/CT as an Imaging Biomarker measuring Response to Cancer Therapy https://www.rsna.org/uploadedFiles/RSNA/Content/Science_and_Education/QIBA/QIBA_FDG-PET_Profile_v105_Publicly_Reviewed_Version_FINAL_11Dec2013.pdf
imaging biomarker measurement protocol function
imaging biomarker region of interest calculation algorithm
imaging biomarker response to therapeutic intervention
imaging biomarker response to therapeutic intervention is a 'response to therapeutic intervention' that determines whether a therapy is having the intended effect on a disease and whether adverse effects arise.
imaging biomarker value
*Imaging biomarker value represents imaging biomarker values that composed of a solely measured quality e.g. tumor volume and imaging biomarkers that are functions of a measured quality and other factors (see ref1). *Imaging biomarker value entity covers qualitative and quantitative imaging biomarkers. *We can know the kind of the quality (anatomical, functional or molecular) that is studied by the biomarker value by refering to the nature of the imaging data set and this can be done thanks to the relationship 'is_estiamted_from'. Reference (ref1) page 3 of QIBA group, 'The emerging science of quantitative imaging biomarkers terminology and definitions for scientific studies and regulatory submissions'.
an 'imaging biomarker value' is a measurement datum generated by an image analysis process which is the final part of a potentially complex measurement process. This complex measurement process may involve image creation, reconstruction, processing, etc, according to the defined protocol. Imaging biomarker values are classified into different categories based on their data types. Thus, we distinguish between quantitative and qualitative values.
tumor volume, length, degree of contrast enhancement, necrosis, mass effect, contrast /T2 ratio, tumor heterogeneity (T2 heterogeneity), contrast/necrosis ratio , etc.
ROI delimitation
'ROI delimitation' is a 'study design' execution that describes the process of delimitation of a certain region of interest that we want to study. This class regroups two categories of delimitation: manual and automatic delimitation.
ROI manuel drawing
ROI manuel drawing is an ROI delimitation process that represents manuel drawing of ROIs arround the identified region by the imaging experts. The image analysis workstation enables imaging expert to define both 2D and 3D region of interest (ROIs). [QIBA page 45]
Rate constant between EES and blood plasma
K_ep
K_ep = k_tans / v_e
k21, k2, 1/tc
unit: min ^(-1)
reticuloendothelial contrast agent
Standard uptake value
The standardized uptake value (SUV) is often used in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for a simple semiquantitative analysis. Its use is particularly common in the analysis of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) images of cancer patients. The SUV is calculated either pixel-wise yielding a parametric image, or over a region of interest (ROI). This may be done for any image acquired at time point t, or for all images of a dynamic series acquired at multiple time points. The SUV is commonly defined as the ratio of (1) the tissue radioactivity concentration c (e.g. in MBq/kg = kBq/g) at time point t, and (2) the injected activity (e.g. in MBq, extrapolated to the same time t) divided by the body weight (e.g. in kg): SUV = C(T)/[injection dose (MBq)/patient's weight (kg)] SUVs are a convenient measure for the evaluation of [18F]FDG PET images within a subject to study therapy monitoring/therapy response, and also for comparison between subjects.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardized_uptake_value
standardized uptake value body surface area
standardized uptake value body weight
Standardized Uptake Value ideal body weight
standardized uptake value lean body mass
males: 1.10 * weight – 120 * (weight/height)^2 females: 1.07 * weight – 148 * (weight/height)^2
sucrose polyester
superparamagnetic contrast agent
superparamagnetic iron oxide
T1/FLAIR ratio label
T1/FLAIR ratio value specification
17 December 2015
T1/FLAIR ratio VASARI criteria
'T1/FLAIR ratio VASARI criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that represents tumor feature summary. ============================================================ *Expansive= size of pre-contrast T1 abnormality (exclusive of signal intensity) approximates size of FLAIR abnormality. *Mixed= size of T1 abnormality moderately less than FLAIR envelope. *Infiltrative= size of pre-contrast T1 abnormality much smaller than size of FLAIR abnormality (use T2 if FLAIR is not provided). possible values: 0._/ 1.exapnsive/ 2.mixed/ 3. infiltrative
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni, yannick Morvan and Bernard Gibaud
T2 star weighted template dataset
targeted microbbubles
telebrix
telebrix 350
therapy monitoring
tumor specific agent
ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide
X-ray attenuation coefficient
'X-ray attenuation coefficient' is an 'attenuation coefficient measurement datum' is a coefficient that describes the fraction of a beam of X-rays or gamma rays that is absorbed or scattered per unit thickness of the absorber. This value basically accounts for the number of atoms in a cubic cm volume of material and the probability of a photon being scattered or absorbed from the nucleus or an electron of one of these atoms.
DICOM CP 1390 page 9
x ray attenuation
xenon contrast
activity measurement datum
An activity measurement datum is a scalar measurement which is the result of the activity quality measurement. This measure calculate the number of particles dacaying per unit time. Its unit of measure is becquerel.
all label option
apparent diffusion coefficient dataset
apparent diffusion coefficient measurement datum
area measurement datum
An 'area measurement datum' is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of the measurement of an area.
attenuation coefficient measurement datum
Attenuation coefficient describes the extent to which the radiant flux of a beam is reduced as it passes through a specific material. It is used in the context of *X-rays or Gamma rays, where it is denoted μ and measured in cm−1; *Neutrons and nuclear reactors, where it is called macroscopic cross section (although actually it is not a section dimensionally speaking), denoted Σ and measured in m−1; *Solar and infrared radiative transfer in the atmosphere, albeit usually denoted with another symbol (given the standard use of μ = cos θ for slant paths); *Ultrasound attenuation, where it is denoted α and measured in dB·cm−1·MHz−1; *Acoustics for characterizing particle size distribution, where it is denoted α and measured in m−1.
'attenuation coefficient measurement datum' is a 'scalar measurement datum' that represents a quantitative numerical statement of the relative attenuation of the X-Ray beam at a specified point. An attenuation coefficient of the volume of a material characterizes how easily it can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. A small attenuation coefficient indicates that the material in question is relatively transparent, while a larger value indicates greater degrees of opacity. The attenuation coefficient is dependent upon the type of material and the energy of the radiation.
Usually attenuation coefficient is expressed in Hounsfield units.
between 34 and 67 percent label option
between 68 and 95 percent label option
between 6 and 33 percent label option
dichotomous imaging biomarker measurement datum
VASARI MR feature key: cyst ('yes', 'no'), hemorrhage ('yes', 'no'), cortical involvement ('yes', 'no'), deep WM invasion ('yes', 'no'), etc.
a 'binary categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a binary categorical measurement that represent only two possible categorical values (labels) that can be assigned to an imaging biomarker value.
binary categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum
A 'dichotomous measurement datum' is a 'categorical measurement datum' that represents categorical data that can take one value between two labels.
binary categorical measurement datum
dichotomous measurement datum
e.g. male/female.
binary discrete measurement datum
A binary discrete measurement datum is a discrete measurement datum that represents categorical data in which there are only two categories.
Smoking status: smoker, non-smoker. Attendance: present, absent. Class: lower classman, upper classman.
imaging biomarker application role
'imaging biomarker application role' is a 'role' that inheres in an 'imaging biomarker value that is realized in an 'imaging biomarker application' in which an 'information content entity' (predicted value, conclusion, etc) is generated about the interpreted biomarker value.
body surface area
BSA – body surface area
males & females: weight^0.425 * height^0.725 * 0.007184
brainstem categorical label option
categorical VASARI criteria
VASARI criteria
categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum
a 'categorical imaging biomarker measurement' is a 'categorical measurement datum' that represents nominal imaging biomarker values. Categorical imaging biomarker measurements are entities that fall into unordered categories.
for example VASARI criteria: side of tumor epicenter ('right', 'center/bilateral', 'left'), enhancement quality ('None', 'mild/minimal', 'Marked'), cyst ('No', 'Yes'), thickness of enhancing margin ('n/a', 'well defined', 'poorly defined').
categorical measurement datum
A 'categorical measurement datum' is a 'measurement datum' that is reported on a categorical scale.
PERSON: Bjoern Peters
hair color: blonde, brown, red, black, etc. smoking status: smoker, non-smoker, etc.
cellular proliferation
center categorical label option
center categorical label
cerebellum categorical label option
cerebral blood flow measurement datum
A 'cerebral blood flow measurement datum' is a 'volume blood flow measurement datum' that estimates the blood supply to the brain in a given period of time. An adult, CBF is typically 750 millilitres per minute or 15% of the cardiac output. This equates to an average perfusion of 50 to 54 millilitres of blood per 100 grams of brain tissue per minute. CBF is tightly regulated to meet the brain's metabolic demands.[
Cerebral blood flow measurement datum is used as an indicator for tissue perfusion and vessel density.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_blood_flow
CBV is an important parameter for quantitative functional MRI (fMRI) and investigation of the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal mechanism.
cerebral blood volume measurement datum
clinical practice investigation based on imaging biomarker
clinical trial investigation based on imaging biomarker
continuous imaging biomarker measurement datum
A 'continuous imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a 'continuous measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker value as a continuous variable.
continuous imaging biomaker measurement datum
continuous measurement datum
A 'continuous measurement datum' is a 'numerical measurement datum' that can take any value between two numbers. Any value within an interval is possible with a fine enough measuring device. For example, blood pressure is usually measured to the nearest 2mm Hg, but could be measured with much greater resolution of difference. The interval measurement scale is intended for continuous data. Sometimes continuous data are given discrete values at certain thresholds, for example age a last birthday is a discrete value but age itself is a continuous quantity; in these situations it is reasonable to treat discrete values as continuous. Remember that information is lost when continuous data are recorded only in ranges (ordered categories), and the statistical analysis of continuous data is more powerful than that of categorical data.
For example, between 62 and 82 inches, there are a lot of possibilities: one participant might be 64.03891 inches tall, and another person might be 72.67025 inches tall. And there are literally millions of other possible heights between 62 and 82 inches.
WEB: http://www.statsdirect.com/help/default.htm#basics/measurement_scales.htm
cortical involvement VASARI criteria
23 December 2015
non enhancing or enhancing tumor extending to the cortical mantle, or cortex is no longer distinguishable relative to subjacent tumor. possible values are: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
cortical involvement label option
cortical involvement value specification
discrete measurement datum
'discrete measurement datum' is a 'numerical measurement datum' that represents a simple count of things, natural numbers.Discrete data arise from observations that can only take certain numerical values, usually counts such as number of children or number of patients attending a clinic in a year.
Ordered categorical data are sometimes treated as discrete data, this is wrong. For example, using the Registrar General's classification of social class, it would be wrong to say that class I is five times the socio-economic status as class V, as there is not a strict numerical relationship between these categories. Thus, ordered categorical data should not be treated as discrete data for statistical analysis. Discrete data may be treated as ordered categorical data in statistical analysis, but some information is lost in doing so.
count measurement datum
count value specification
A 'count value specification' is a ' numerci value specification' that represents a natural number.
creatine+choline / citrate ratio measurement datum
cyst
Radlex
a 'cyst' is a 'pathological structure' is a closed sac, having a distinct membrane and division compared to the nearby tissue. Hence, it is a cluster of cells that have grouped together to form a sac (not unlike the manner in which water molecules group together, forming a bubble)
cyst VASARI criteria
'cyst criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that describes cysts if they are well defined, rounded, often eccentric regions of very bright T2W signal and low T1W signal essentially matching CSF signal intensity, with very thin, regular, smooth, no enhancing or regular enhancing walls, possibly with thin, regular, internal. possible values: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
cyst label
cyst value specification
deep WM invasion VASARI criteria
enhancing or nCET tumor extending into the internal capsule or brainstem. possible values are: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
deep WM invasion label option
deep WM invasion value specification
derived measurement unit label
derived measurement datum
descriptive statistic parameter
A descriptive statistic parameter is a data item that describes a feature of a collection of information, or the quantitative description itself.
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive_statistics
descriptive statistics
descriptive statistics are distinguished from inferential statistics (or inductive statistics), in that descriptive statistics aim to summarize a sample, rather than use the data to learn about the population that the sample of data is thought to represent. This generally means that descriptive statistics, unlike inferential statistics, are not developed on the basis of probability theory. Even when a data analysis draws its main conclusions using inferential statistics, descriptive statistics are generally also presented.
diagnostic imaging biomarker role
'diagnostic imaging biomarker role' is a 'role' that inheres in diagnostic process
diffusion characteristics VASARI criteria
predominantly facilitated or restricted diffusion in the enhancing or nCET portion of the tumor. (based on ADC map). equivocal is neither. No ADC, use no-image, proportion of tissue not relevant.
diffusion characteristics label option
diffusion characteristics value specification
diffusion imaging biomarker measurement datum
diffusion measurement datum
diffusion of water molecules
this term can be used to represent the ability of a material to create an ultrasound return echo.
edema crosses midline VASARI criteria
'edema crosses midline VASARI criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that represents a nCET crosses into contralateral hemisphere through white matter commissures (exclusive of herniated ipsilateral tissue). possible values are: 0._/ 1.n/a/ 2.no/ 3.yes
edema crosses midline midline label option
edema crosses midline value specification
edema proportion VASARI criteria
edema proportion label option
edema proportion value specification
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni, Yannick Morvan and Bernrad Gibaud
tis term can be used to represent elastic properties of the tissue
eloquent brain VASARI criteria
'eloquent brain criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that evaluates if the geographic center or the enhancing component involve eloquent cortex (motor, language, vision) or key underlying white matter? 0._/ 1.none/ 2.speech motor/ 3.speech receptive/ 4.motor/ 5.vision
VASARI
eloquent brain label
eloquent brain value specification
enhancement quality VASARI criteria
'enhancement quality' is an 'ordered and categorical imaging biomarker measurement' that refers to the qualitative degree of contrast enhancement. The qualitative degree of contrast enhancement is defined as having all or portions of the tumor that demonstrate significantly higher signal on the post contrast T1W images compared to pre contrast T1W images. possible values: 0._/ 1.none/ 2.mild/ 3.marked
enhancement quality label
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni and Bernad Gibaud
enhancement quality value specification
enhancing margin definition VASARI criteria
'enhancing margin definition VASARI criteria' is an 'ordred and categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum' that assess if most of the outside margin of the enhancement is well defined or poorly defined.
the scoring is not applicable (n/a) if there is no contrast enhancement.
enhancing margin definition label option
enhancing margin definition value specification
ependymal invasion VASARI criteria
invasion of any adjacent ependymal surface in continuity with enhancing or non-enhancing tumor matrix. possible values are: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
ependymal invasion label option
ependymal invasion value specification
expansive label option
extravascular extracellular space measurement datum
extravascular extracellular space calculates the volume of extravascular extracellular space per unit volume of tissue.
facilitated label option
first order feature extraction
fraction measurement datum
A 'fraction measurement datum' is a 'numerical measurement datum' that represents represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight-fifths, three-quarters. simple fraction (examples: 1/2 and 24/7 consists of an integer numerator, displayed above a line (or before a slash), and a non-zero integer denominator, displayed below (or after) that line. Numerators and denominators are also used in fractions that are not common, including compound fractions, complex fractions, and mixed numerals.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction_(mathematics)
contrast/necrosis ratio, contrast/T2 ratio T1/FLAIR ratio aproximates size of FLAIR abnormality.
FA measure is a coefficient reflecting the fractional anisotropy of the tissues, derived from a diffusion weighted MR image. Fractional anisotropy is proportional to the square root of the variance of the eigen values divided by the square root of the sum of the squares of the eigen values.
Fractional anisotropy (FA) is a scalar value between zero and one that describes the degree of anisotropy of a diffusion process. A value of zero means that diffusion is isotropic, i.e. it is unrestricted (or equally restricted) in all directions. A value of one means that diffusion occurs only along one axis and is fully restricted along all other directions. FA is a measure often used in diffusion imaging where it is thought to reflect fiber density, axonal diameter, and myelination in white matter.
fractional anisotropy value variability
frontal categorical label option
gliomatosis label option
global intensity distribution
the amount glycolysis activity summed across all voxels in a defined region or within a defined range of SUV (on FDG-PET).
hemorrhage VASARI criteria
intrinsic hemorrhage in the tumor matrix. Any intrinsic foci of low signal on 12WI or high signal on T1WI (use B0 image if necessary for confirmation). possible values are: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
hemorrhage label option
hemorrhage value specification
human
image annotation creation
'image annotation' describes the action of adding textual information or graphical markups (annotation) to the image in order to enrich its semantic and facilitate its analysis by the other users.
medical image annotation creation
image analysis
image analysis protocol
'image analysis protocol' is a 'protocol' that defines
image analysis workstation
QIBA profiles
image analysis workstation is a device that have the ability to receive and propagate the data output (imaging and metadata) collected from the image acquisition, reconstruction and post-processing activities. With the input data, the analysis workstation (and software analysis tools) will be able to make use of certain attribute values to perform certain measurements and computational analysis.
image annotation
an 'image annotation' is an 'information content entity' that annotates images.
image creation protocol
'image creation protocol' is a 'protocol' that describes procedures that shall be performed and that precise how subjects should be imaged and how to parametrize the imaging devices so as to achieve reproducible quantitative endpoints.
As it has been explained in QIBA profile FDG/PET CT, the motivation of controlling the image acquisition is that over the course of a trial, hardware and software updates will occur. The intent of the profile is to ensure the instrument gives the same results over the duration of the trial. QIBA profiles are available from: RSNA.ORG/QIBA.
image post processing protocol
image processing protocol
image reconstruction protocol
region of interest
Image region is 'data set' that represents a subset of pixels of some image and that is identified for a particular purpose. Image region may be associated with one or more measurements
QIBA: http://qibawiki.rsna.org/images/5/58/ClinicalTrialResults_20121229_QIBA.doc
'imaging agent injected dose' is a 'dose' that indicates the volume of the injected imaging agent during patient preparation step.
imaging biomarker activity measurement datum
imaging biomarker area measurement datum
'imaging biomarker area measurement datum' is an 'area measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker that calculates the area quality.
imaging biomarker attenuation coefficient measurement
discrete imaging biomarker measurement datum
imaging biomarker count measurement datum
imaging biomarker fraction measurement datum
imaging biomarker length measurement datum
mass density imaging biomarker measurement datum
'mass density imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a 'mass density measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker that calculates the mass density quality of a certain independent continuant.
imaging biomarker numerical score measurement datum
'imaging biomarker numerical score measurement datum' is a 'numerical score measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarkers' values that are based on aggregated scores.
VASARI MR features
imaging biomarker percent measurement datum
'imaging biomarker percent measurement datum' is a 'percent measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker value that is expressed as a percent.
VASARI MR Feautres: proportion nCET,
imaging biomarker ratio measurement datum
'imaging biomarker ratio measurement datum' is a 'ratio mesaurement datum' that represent imaging biomarker value that is a ratio.
imaging biomarker scalar score from composite inputs
imaging biomarker scalar score composite inputs
imaging biomarker volume measurement datum
imaging characteristic
imaging observation characteristic
"spiculated, "dense", "hypoechoic", "heterogeneous, ...
Annotation Image Markup (AIM) model
Imaging observation characteristic is a descriptors of imaging observation.
imaging physical characteristic
imaging subject homo_sapiens
imaging subject human
imaging subject role
an imaging subject role is a role that inheres in an imaging subject and is realized by the process being imaged by an image acquisition device.
indeterminate label option
infiltrative label option
insular categorical label option
intensity distribution
intervention effect assessment role
irregular label option
In probability theory and statistics, kurtosis (from Greek: κυρτός, kyrtos or kurtos, meaning "curved, arching") is a measure of the "tailedness" of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable. In a similar way to the concept of skewness, kurtosis is a descriptor of the shape of a probability distribution and, just as for skewness, there are different ways of quantifying it for a theoretical distribution and corresponding ways of estimating it from a sample from a population. There are various interpretations of kurtosis, and of how particular measures should be interpreted; these are primarily tail weight, peakedness (width of peak), and lack of shoulders (distribution primarily peak and tails, not in between).
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis
a 'kurtosis value' is a 'statistical shape distribution parameter' that gives an indication on the sharp and disentangled aspect or rather flattened of histogram, i.e. we search how uniform is the grey level distribution.
kurtosis value
less than 5 percent label option
less than 95 percent label option
local intensity distribution
logfile
In computing, a logfile is a file that records either events that occur in an operating system or other software runs, or messages between different users of a communication software.
Wikipedia web page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logfile
wikipedia
image analysis Log
image analysis log is a logfile that records how an image analysis process has been realized. For our context, we will need to save the method used to define ROI and to extract the imaging biomarker value, setting parameters of the image analysis workstation.
image processing Log
image post processing Log
image reconstruction Log
subject preparation Log
long axis measurement datum
VASARI MR Feautres: lesion size represents largest perpendicular (x-y) cross-sectional diameter of T2 signal abnormality (longest dimension X perpendicular dimension) measured on a single axial image only.
long axis measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that represents the measurement result of long axis quality.
marked label option
mass density measurement datum
mass density measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of mass density quality measurement.
mass imaging biomarker measurement datum
a mass measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of mass quality
mass measurement datum
mass structure
focus,density,lesion,nodule,vague density
[PIRADS] A three-dimensional space occupying structure resulting from an accumulation of neoplastic cells, inflammatory cells, or cystic changes.
mass
mean cerebral blood flow value
mean cerebral blood volume value
the volume of a lesion (e.g, a tumor) ascertained through information about its metabolic activity (e.g., SUV on PET)
The volume of a lesion (e.g., a tumor) ascertained through information about its metabolic activity (e.g., SUV on PET).
metabolic volume
mild label option
mixed label option
motor label option
movement of water molecules
multicentric label option
multifocal label option
multifocal or multicentric VASARI criteria
'multifocal or multicentric criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that represents if lesion is multifocal or multicentric. Multifocal is defined as having at least one region of tumor, either enhancing or nonenhancing which is not contiguous with the dominant lesion and is outside the region abnormality (edema) surrounding the dominant mass. This can be defined as those resulting from dissemination or growth by an established route, spread via commissural or other pathways, or via CSF channels or local metastases, whereas multicentric are widely separated lesions in different lobes or different hemispheres that cannot be attributed to one of the previously mentioned pathways. Gliomatosis refers to generalized neoplastic transformation of the white matter of most of a hemisphere. possible values are: 0._/ 1.n/a/ 2.multifocal/ 3.multicentric/ 4.gliomatosis
multifocal or multicentric label
17 december 2015
multifocal or multicentric value specification
neither label option
no label option
no image label option
non-enhancing margin definition VASARI criteria
'non-enhancing margin definition VASARI criteria' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that express if most of the outside non-enhancing margin of the tumor is well defined and smooth (geographic), versus if the margin is ill-defined and irregular.
non-enhancing margin definition label option
non enhancing margin definition value specification
not available label option
numerical imaging biomarker measurement datum
numeric imaging biomarker measurement datum
numeric value specification
A 'numeric value specification' is a 'value specification' that specifies the representation format of numeric measurement datum.
numerical measurement datum
'numerical measurement datum' is an 'measurement datum' that represents quantitative values and that are expressed by numbers. Here, the objects being studied are “measured” based on some quantitative trait. The resulting data are set of numbers.
cholesterol level, height , age, number of students late for class, time to complete a homework assignment
quantitative value or variable
numerical score measurement datum
APACHE score (acute physiological assessment and chronic health evaluation) a widely used method for assessing severity of illness in acutely ill patients in intensive care units, taking into account a variety of routine physiological parameters. Stroke score any of various scoring systems that seek to characterize a patient's clinical state following a stroke.
Numerical score measurement datum is a continuous measurement datum that represents a rating, usually expressed numerically, based on specific achievement or the degree to which certain qualities are manifest.
VASARI scores
occipital categorical label option
ordered and categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum
VASARI MR Feautres: thickness of enhancing margin ('none', 'thin', 'solid'), definition of margin ('well defined', poorly defined').
an 'ordinal and categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum' is an 'ordinal and categorical measurement datum' that represents nominal imaging biomarker values that are arranged according to some categorical scale.
ordered categorical measurement datum
an 'ordinal categorical measurement datum' is a 'categorical measurement datum' which represents nominal entities that are arranged according to some categorical scale. Here, data ordering is important.
ordinal categorical value specification
parameter estimation
parietal categorical label option
pathological structure
'pathological structure' is a 'material entity' that represents abnormal entities that we visualize on medical images. These structures can denotes the presence or absence of a certain pathology.
PERSON: Emna Amdouni and Bernard Gibaud
percent measurement datum
error in measurement,
percent measurement datum is a ratio measurement that denotes numbers as fractions of 100.
percent value specification
0.01, 1%, and 10−2 respectively, all of which are equivalent to 1/100
A 'percent value specification' is a 'fraction value specification' that represents fractions that their dominator is e qual to 100. These fractions can be written explicitly without using explicit numerators or denominators, by using decimals, percent signs or negative exponents.
this term can be used todescribe the volume of blood perfusing ino tissue
phantom
pial invasion VASARI criteria
enhancement of the overlying pia in continuity with enhancing or non enhancing tumor. possible values are: 0._/ 1.no/ 2.yes
pial invasion label option
pial invasion value specification
poorly defined option label
proportion enhancing label
'proportion enhancing label' is a 'categorical label' that represents what proportion of the entire tumor is enhancing (assuming that the entire abnormality may be comprised of: 1) an enhancing component 2) a non-enhancing component 3) a necrotic component and 4) a edema component.)
portion enhancing label
predictive imaging biomarker role
'predictive imaging biomarker role' is a 'role' that inheres in prediction process, imaging biomarker values are used in this context to predict the potential benefits (effectiveness) risks ( toxicity) treatment according to the status of the marker.
proportion enhancing value specification
proportion nCET label option
proportion necrosis VASARI criteria
'proportion necrosis criteria' is an 'ordered and categorical imaging biomarker measurement' that describes necrotic zone. Necrosis is defined as a region within the tumor that does not enhance or shows markedly diminished enhancement, is high on T2W and proton density images, is low on T1W images, and has an irregular border. Assuming that the entire abnormality may be comprised of: 1) an enhancing component, 2) a non-enhancing component, 3) a necrotic component and 4) edema component.
proportion necrosis label option
proportion necrosis value specification
qualitative image analysis
qualitative parameter estimation
quality process profile
quantitative image analysis
image analysis is a study design execution that extracts meaningful information from images (ROIs measurements); mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques.
radioactivity imaging biomarker measurement datum
'radioactivity imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a 'radioactivity imaging biomarker measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker value that measures radioactivity quality.
Standardized uptake value
radioactivity measurement datum
Radioactivity measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of radiation quality. It measures the amount of energy absorbed by biological tissue from ionizing radiation per unit mass.
rate imaging biomarker measurement datum
'rate imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a 'rate measurement datum' that represents biomarkers that calcualtes the number of
ratio measurement datum
'ratio measurement datum' is a 'continuous measurement datum' that describes is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second. This measurement datum summarises two pieces of information, namely their constituent numerator and denominator values. Simple ratios (0 to 1, i.e. the denominator is the maximum possible value that the numerator can take) can be treated as continuous data. More difficult to analyse data arise when the ratio represents a change, and the value can be negative. Ratios of observations compared with reference values, e.g. height relative to the mean of a reference population for a given sex and age, are difficult to handle as values may fall either side of 1 (100%).
For example, if a bowl of fruit contains eight oranges and six lemons, then the ratio of oranges to lemons is eight to six (that is, 8:6, which is equivalent to the ratio 4:3). Thus, a ratio can be a fraction as opposed to a whole number. Also, in this example the ratio of lemons to oranges is 6:8 (or 3:4), and the ratio of oranges to the total amount of fruit is 8:14 (or 4:7).
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio WEB: http://www.statsdirect.com/help/default.htm#basics/measurement_scales.htm
ratio variable
Mathematical parametres that can be computed from this variable are: frequency distribution, median and percentiles, addition or substraction, mean, standard deviation, standard error of the mean, ratio or cofficient of variation.
Ratio variable is a quality that is attributed to a variable that the difference between any two measures is meaningful and any two values have a meaningfull ratio, making the operations of multiplication and division meaningful. A ratio variable possesses a meaningful zero value. [VIM]
International vocabulary of metrology (VIM)
reduction of fractional anisotropy value
regional cerebral blood volume measurement datum
regional cerebral blood volume dataset
regional intensity distribution
response to therapeutic intervention
reponse to therapeutic inervention
restricted label option
right categorical label option
right categorical label
scalar imaging biomarker measurement datum
An 'imaging biomarker measurement datum' is a 'scalar measurement datum' that represents imaging biomarker value that refers to quantity consisting of a single real number used to measured magnitude (for example, size).
lesion size,
set of molecular entities
short axis measurement datum
long axis measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that represents the measurement result of xxx.
side of lesion epicenter VASARI criteria
side of lesion epicenter' is a 'categorical VASARI criteria' that represents the side of lesion epicenter.
side of tumor epicenter VASARI criteria
side of lesion epicenter. The possible values are: 0._/ 1.right/ 2.center/ 3.left
side of tumor epicenter label
side of lesion epicenter label
side of tumor epicenter value specification
skewness value
In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean. The skewness value can be positive or negative, or even undefined.
a 'skewness value' is a 'statistical shape distribution parameter' that measures the dissimilarity of the grey level histogram (if it is well balanced around its mean or if it is more directed to the left or to the right with regard to its mean). It is a reponse to the question: are the intensities usually darker or lighter than the mean?
slice of interest selection
slice of interest selection represents the step of the user selection of one image, generally it is the most informative image, among other a set of images.
smooth label option
speech motor label option
speech receptive label option
standard deviation value
a 'standard deviation value' is a 'statistical dispersion parameter' that measures the distribution of grey levels around the mean. It manifests region roughness.
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_dispersion
'statistical dispersion parameter' is a 'descriptive dispersion parameter' that describes a distribution. In statistics, dispersion (also called variability, scatter, or spread) denotes how stretched or squeezed a distribution (theoretical or that underlying a statistical sample) is. Common examples of measures of statistical dispersion are the variance, standard deviation and interquartile range.
Dispersion is contrasted with location or central tendency, and together they are the most used properties of distributions.
statistical dispersion parameter
a 'statistical location parameter' is a 'descriptive statistic parameter' that describes a probability distributions that is parametrized by a scalar- or vector-valued parameter x_0, which determines the "location" or shift of the distribution.
statistical location parameter
statistical shape distribution parameter
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_parameter
a 'statistical shape distribution parameter' is any parameter of a probability distribution that is neither a location parameter nor a scale parameter (nor a function of either or both of these only, such as a rate parameter). Such a parameter must affect the shape of a distribution rather than simply shifting it (as a location parameter does) or stretching/shrinking it (as a scale parameter does).
statistical variance
subject participation role
subject preparation
subject preparation describes the process of patient management in order to enable him to realize a certain medical exam. This process may include: imaging agent administration and injection, patient handling, etc.
subject preparation protocol
sum of the longest diameter
A sum of the longest diameter (LD) for all target lesions is calculated and reported as the baseline sum LD. The baseline sum LD will be used as reference by which to characterize the objective tumor response.
sum of the product of the short and long diameters
surrogate endpoint imaging biomarker role
Category markers intended to replace an evaluation criterion clinic designed to determine the clinical benefit or risk from epidemiological, therapeutic or pathophysiological
survival estimation
temporal categorical label option
textural features
thick/solid label option
thickness of enhancing margin VASARI criteria
'thickness of enhancing margin VASARI criteria' is an 'ordered and categorical imaging biomarker measurement datum' that describes the enhancing margin. If the enhancing rim is thin, regular and measures < 3 mm in thickness and has homogenous enhancement the grade is thin. If most of the rim demonstrates nodular and/or thick enhancement, the grade is thick. If there is only solid enhancement and no rim, the grade is solid. possible values are 0._/ 1.n/a/ 2.none/ 3.thin/ 4.thick
The scoring is not applicable if there is no contrast enhancement.
thickness of enhancing margin label option
thickness of enhancing margin value specification
thin label option
three dimension ellipse
Annotation Image Markup (AIM) model https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/AIM/Annotation+and+Image+Markup+-+AIM
a 'three dimension ellipse' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents an ellipse defined by four (x,y,z) triplets, the two first triplets specifying the endpoints of the major axis and the second two triplets specifying the endpoints of the minor axis.
three dimension ellipsoid
Annotation Image Markup (AIM) model: https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/AIM/Annotation+and+Image+Markup+-+AIM
a 'three dimension ellipsoid' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a three dimensional geometric surface whose plane sections are either ellipses or circles and contains three intersecting orthogonal axes "a","b" and "c". The ellipsoid is defined by six (x,y,z) triplets, the first and second triplets specifying the endpoints of axis "a", the third and fourth triplets specifying the endpoints of axis "b", and the fifth and sixt triplets specifing the endpoints of axis "c".
three dimension geometrical shape
Annotation Image Markup (AIM model): https://wiki.nci.nih.gov/display/AIM/Annotation+and+Image+Markup+-+AIM
a 'three dimension geometric shape' is a 'geometrical shape' which represents three dimension coordinates of a graphical drawing that can be placed on an image to identify a region of interest (ROI).
three dimension geometric shape
three dimension multi-point
a 'three dimension multi-point' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a mulile locations each denoed by an (x,y,z) triplet. The points need not be coplanar.
three dimension multipoint
three dimension point
a 'three dimension point' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a single location denoted by a single (x,y,z) triplet.
three dimension polygon
a 'three dimension polygon' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a series of connected line segments with ordered vertices denoted by (x,y,z) triplets, where the first and last vertices shall be the same forming a polygon; the points shall be coplaner.
three dimension polyline
a 'three dimension polyline' is a 'three dimension geometrical shape' that represents a series of connected line segments with ordered vertices by (x,y,z) triples, the points need not be coplanar.
three dimension spatial coordinate
total lesion glycolysis
The total activity of a lesion obtained as the product of its volume and its glycolytic activity (on FDG-PET). The volume may be defined on the same modality (e.g., the MV on FDG-PET) or another spatially registred modality (e.g., the lesion outline segmented on CT or MR). Does not apply to other radiopharmaceuticals than those involved in glucose metabolism.
tumor grading based on imaging biomarker
tumor location VASARI criteria
tumor location' is a 'VASARI criteria' that represents the location of lesion geographic epicenter (not all areas of involvement). possible values are: 0._/ 1.frontal/2.temporal/ 3.insular/ 4.parietal/ 5. occipital/ 6.brainstem/ 7.cerebellum
tumor location label
tumor location value specification
two dimension circle
a 'two dimension circle' is a 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents a circle that is defined by two (column, row) pairs. The first point is the central pixel. The second is a pixel on the perimeter of the circle.
two dimension ellipse
a 'two dimension ellipse' is a 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents a two dimension ellipse that is defined by four pixel (column, row pairs), the first two points specifying the endpoints of the major axis and the second two points specifying the endpoints of the minor axis of an ellipse.
two dimension geometrical shape
a 'two dimension geometric shape' is a 'geometrical shape' that represents two dimension coordiantes of a graphical drawing that can be placed on an image to identify a region of interest (ROI).
two dimension geometric shape
two dimension multi point
a 'two dimension multi point' is a 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents a two dimension geometric shape that represents multiple pixels each denoted by an column, row) pair.
two dimension point
a 'two dimension point' is 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents a two dimension geometric shape that represents a single point denoted by a single (column, row) pair.
two dimension polyline
a 'two dimesnion polyline' is a 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents two dimension polyline that represents a series of connected line segments with ordred vertices denoted by (column, row) pair; if the first and last vertices are the same it is a closed polygon.
two dimension spatial coordinate
a 'two dimension spatial coordinate' is a 'two dimension geometrical shape' that represents a two dimension geometric shape that represents the 2D coordinates of the shape.
variance value
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance
a 'variance value' is a 'statistical shape distribution' that measures how far a set of numbers is spread out. A variance of zero indicates that all the values are identical. Variance is always non-negative: a small variance indicates that the data points tend to be very close to the mean (expected value) and hence to each other, while a high variance indicates that the data points are very spread out around the mean and from each other.
this term can be used to represent tissue or flow velocity
velocity
velocity measurement datum
vision label option
volume measurement datum
For example the volume of a given tumor, 2.0 cm3 is an imaging biomarker value.
volume masurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of voume quality
volumetric flow rate measurement datum
volumetric flow rate measurement datum is a scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of voumteric flow rate quality
well defined option label
yes label option
yes
We have added the term value to the name of this entity that is extracted from OBCS.
in vitro tissue biopsy
magnetization transfer ratio calculation
A MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER RATIO CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER RATIO CALCULATION has for data only T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASETS or T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASETS or T2 STAR WEIGHTED MR DATASETS at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER RATIO CALCULATION has for result a MAGNETIZATION TRANSFER RATIO DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
regional cerebral blood flow dataset
Cerebral blood flow (represented in milliliters of blood per gram of tissue per minute) can be calculated from diverse measurements, such as a T2 or T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET, or a SPIN TAGGING PERFUSION MR DATASET.
cellular component
WEB: http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/cell+culture
in vitro cell
in vitro cell is an in vivo subject that represents living cells that are maintained in vitro in artificial media of serum and nutrients for the study and growth of certain strains of microorganisms or for experiments in controlling diseases, such as cancer. They are routinely used to culture viruses that infect patients.
quantitative T1 dataset
A QUANTITATIVE T1 DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a QUANTITATIVE T1 ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every QUANTITATIVE T1 DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET.
T1, also called longitudinal relaxation time (in milliseconds), is an intrinsic biophysical property of the tissue, related to macromolecule concentration, water binding and water content.
longitudinal relaxation time (in milliseconds)
relative anisotropy dataset
A RELATIVE ANISOTROPY DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a RELATIVE ANISOTROPY CALCULATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every RELATIVE ANISOTROPY DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET.
region based segmentation
A REGION BASED SEGMENTATION is a SEGMENTATION.
tarsal bone
multi-modality non affine registration
A MULTI MODALITY NON-AFFINE REGISTRATION is a NON-AFFINE REGISTRATION.
ex vivo bodily substance
T1 weighted MR dataset
A T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a MR DATASET. [EP/SL] Every T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET. [EP/SL] Every T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
T2 star weighted DCE-MR dataset
A T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET is a DYNAMIC CONTRAST-ENHANCED MR DATASET.
A T2 and T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET reflects the T2 and T2 STAR of tissue decrease as the Gd contrast agent bolus passes through the brain. From the changes along time reflecting how the Gd contrast agent bolus passes through the brain, it is possible to estimate the cerebral blood flow (represented in milliliters of blood per gram of tissue per minute) as well as the cerebral blood volume (represented in milliliters of blood per gram of tissue). However, absolute quantification of perfusion is unreliable since the arterial input function is not well characterized and the relaxivity is unknown.
proton density weighted MR template dataset
A PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR TEMPLATE DATASET is a PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR DATASET which is a TEMPLATE DATASET.
All images have intensity proportional to proton density. Images with very little T1 or T2 weighting are called ‘PD-weighted’.
calcaneus
diffusion tensor calculation
A DIFFUSION TENSOR CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every DIFFUSION TENSOR CALCULATION has for data only a DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every DIFFUSION TENSOR CALCULATION has for result a DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
elbow
metabolite concentration ratio estimation
A METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO ESTIMATION has for data only a SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO ESTIMATION has for result a METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
velocity encoded angio MR dataset
Spins that are moving in the same direction as a magnetic field gradient develop a phase shift that is proportional to the velocity of the spins. This is the basis of phase-contrast angiography. Phase-contrast pulse sequence is used to encode the velocity of the spins. Stationary spins undergo no net change in phase after the two gradients are applied. Moving spins will experience a different magnitude of the second gradient compared to the first, because of its different spatial position. This results in a net phase shift. This information can be used directly to determine the velocity of the spins. Alternatively, the image can be subtracted from one acquired without the velocity encoding gradients to obtain an angiogram.
mean calculation
long bone
image creation device
stomach
subdivision of body proper
heart
multi-modality rigid coregistration
A MULTI MODALITY RIGID COREGISTRATION is a RIGID REGISTRATION.
A CROPPING is a resampling that affects only the domain of the mathematical function associated to the dataset “to be cropped”, by defining a subset of this domain, more precisely by reducing the number of samples and changing the upper and lower limit of one or more intervals of this domain. The values taken by the function associated to the dataset are not changed.
non reconstructed dataset
A NON-RECONSTRUCTED DATASET provides measurements that do not relate to a precise 3D location, such as measurements in Fourier space, or integration along a projection line (e.g. projection image in SPECT or CT). In contrast, a RECONTRUCTED DATASET provides a measurement of a quality of the explored object (e.g. brain tissues) at well-identified locations in 3D space, usually organized as a 2D and 3D regular sampling grid.
bone organ
A macromolecule is a very large molecule commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are typically composed of thousands or more atoms. The most common macromolecules in biochemistry are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and polyphenols) and large non-polymeric molecules (such as lipids and macrocycles).Synthetic macromolecules include common plastics and synthetic fibres as well as experimental materials such as carbon nanotubes.
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromolecule
biological macromolecule
H1 MR spectroscopy dataset
A H1 MR SPECTROSCOPY DATASET is a MR SPECTROSCOPY DATASET.
A radioactive imaging agent is a chemical compound in which one or more atoms have been replaced by a radioisotope so by virtue of its radioactive decay it can be used to explore the mechanism of chemical reactions by tracing the path that the radioisotope follows from reactants to products. Radiolabeling is thus the radioactive form of isotopic labeling.
WEB: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_tracer
radioactive imaging agent
radioactive tracer or radioactive label
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound
mono-modality affine non regid registration
A MONO MODALITY AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION is an AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION.
A MONO MODALITY AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION is an affine registration which estimates an affine but non-rigid geometrical transformation, in which the reference and the floating image have the same modality, which means that they represent the same kind of information, e.g. a T1-weighted MR signal.
absolute metabolite concentration estimation
An ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATION has for data only a H1 CHEMICAL SHIFT IMAGING DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATION has for result an ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
normal value
bias correction
A BIAS-CORRECTION is a RESTORATION that focuses on the compensation of bias.
affine registration
An AFFINE REGISTRATION, or LINEAR REGISTRATION, is a REGISTRATION.
dextran
minibody
diffusion weighted MR dataset
A DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a MR DATASET. [EP/SL] Every DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MR DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET. [EP/SL] Every DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
The Stejskal-Tanner imaging sequence is used to exploit diffusion of water molecules. Tissues with highly mobile water, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (strong diffusion) appear dark on images acquired in the presence of strong diffusion gradients, reflecting the dephasing of the contributing spins. A diffusion map can be calculated by combining at least two diffusion-weighted images that are differently sensitized to diffusion but remain identical with respect to the other parameters, spin density, T1, T2, TR, and TE. By using, for instance, the image S0 without diffusion weighting (b=0) and one diffusion-weighted image (b > 0), we can calculate a D value for each pixel. A parametric image containing these data is called a diffusion map or apparent diffusion map (ADC). The latter term emphasizes the fact that the D values obtained with this procedure depend on the experimental conditions (eg, direction of the sensitizing gradient and diffusion time delta).
affine non rigid registration
An AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION is an AFFINE REGISTRATION.
mesh-generation
qunatitative T2 star estimation
A QUANTITATIVE T2 STAR CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T2 STAR ESTIMATION has for data at least two T2 STAR WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T2 STAR ESTIMATION has for result a QUANTITATIVE T2 STAR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
mean diffusivity dataset
A MEAN DIFFUSIVITY DATASET is PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a MEAN DIFFUSIVITY CALCULATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every MEAN DIFFUSIVITY DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET
The mean diffusivity is the average value of the diffusion coefficients at this voxel. This can be estimated by the average of the eigen values of the diffusion tensor.
nucleic acid
T2 weighted template dataset
A T2 WEIGHTED MR TEMPLATE DATASET is a T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASET which is a TEMPLATE DATASET.
proton density weighted MR dataset
A PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a MR DATASET. [EP/SL] Every PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET. [EP/SL] Every PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
mesh dataset
A MESH DATASET is a DATASET which is a result of a MESH GENERATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
voxel displacement map datset
A VOXEL DISPLACEMENT MAP DATASET is a CALIBRATION DATASET which is a result of a VOXEL DISPLACEMENT MAP ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
voxel displacement map dataset
regional cerebral blood flow estimation
A REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EER] Every REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW ESTIMATION has for data a T2 WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET or a T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET or a SPIN TAGGING PERFUSION MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW ESTIMATION has for result a REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
neck
A role played by a part of a molecular entity distinguishable by the observer but not by the system and used to identify a tracer. [CHEBI ontology]
brain segmentation
A TISSUES SEGMENTATION is a SEGMENTATION.
Cerebral blood volume (represented in milliliters of blood per gram of tissue) can be calculated from diverse measurements, such as a T2 or T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET.
brain
nuclear medicine projection dataset
A NUCLEAR MEDICINE PROJECTION DATASET is a SPECT DATASET. [EP/SL] Every NUCLEAR MEDICINE PROJECTION DATASET is a METABOLIC DATASET. [EP/SL] Every NUCLEAR MEDICINE PROJECTION DATASET is a NON-RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
nuclear medicine projection datset
statistical dataset
A STATISTICAL DATASET is a DATASET which is a result of a DATASET STATISTICAL ANALYSIS at a TIME INTERVAL. [CP/EER] Every STATISTICAL DATASET can be superimposed with another RECONSTRUCTED DATASET or SEGMENTATION DATASET or STATISTICAL DATASET or PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET.
T2 weighted MR dataset
A T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a MR DATASET. [EP/SL] Every T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET. [EP/SL] Every T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
ex vivo cells
dynamic contrast enhanced MR dataset
A DYNAMIC CONTRAST-ENHANCED MR DATASET reflects the dynamics of exogenous extracellular contrast media.
reconstructed dataset
regional mean transit time calculation
A REGIONAL MEAN TRANSIT TIME CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/ER] Every REGIONAL MEAN TRANSIT TIME CALCULATION has for data exactly one REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [CP/EVR] Every REGIONAL MEAN TRANSIT TIME CALCULATION has for data exactly one REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every REGIONAL MEAN TRANSIT TIME CALCULATION has for result a REGIONAL MEAN TRANSIT TIME DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
quantitative T2 dataset
QUANTITATIVE T2 DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a QUANTITATIVE T2 ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
T2, also called transverse relaxation time (in milliseconds), is an intrinsic biophysical property of the tissues, also related to the bulk water content of the tissue.
transverse relaxation time (in milliseconds)
disorder
SPECT dataset
absolute proton density estimation
An ABSOLUTE PROTON DENSITY ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [EP/ER] Every ABSOLUTE PROTON DENSITY ESTIMATION has for data at least two PROTON DENSITY WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every ABSOLUTE PROTON DENSITY ESTIMATION has for result an ABSOLUTE PROTON DENSITY DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
The specific procedure that leads to the quantitative estimation of the proton density defined tissue or structure.
albumin
T2 weighted DCE-MR dataset
A T1 WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET is a DYNAMIC CONTRAST-ENHANCED MR DATASET.
A T1 WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET reflects the dynamics of diffusion of the exogenous contrast media from the blood pool into the extra vascular extracellular space (EES) of the brain at a rate determined by the blood flow to the tissue, the permeability of the Brain Blood Barrier (BBB), and the surface area of the perfusing vessels.
boundary surface based segmentation
quantitative T2 star dataset
A QUANTITATIVE T2 DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a QUANTITATIVE T2 ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
MEG dataset
Magneto encephalography (MEG) is an imaging technique used to measure the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain via extremely sensitive devices such as superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).
reference dataset
blood oxygen level dependent signal changes estimation
A BLOOD OXYGEN LEVEL DEPENDENT SIGNAL CHANGES ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every BLOOD OXYGEN LEVEL DEPENDENT SIGNAL CHANGES ESTIMATION has for data only a T2 STAR WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every BLOOD OXYGEN LEVEL DEPENDENT SIGNAL CHANGES ESTIMATION has for result a BOLD DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
carbohydrate
spin tagging perfusion MR dataset
Spin tagging is a technique of measurement of blood perfusion, based on magnetically labeled arterial blood water as an endogenous tracer. SPIN TAGGING PERFUSION MR allows to obtain absolute values of perfusion of brain tissue by blood (cerebral blood flow) in ml blood/g tissue/ min.
T1 weighted MR template dataset
A T1 WEIGHTED MR TEMPLATE DATASET is a T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASET which is a TEMPLATE DATASET.
T1 weighted template dataset
metabolic dataset
A METABOLIC DATASET is a DATASET which explores a brain metabolic process.
field map dataset
A FIELD MAP DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a FIELD MAP ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every FIELD MAP DATASET is a CALIBRATION DATASET.
PERSONS: Emna Amdouni, Yannick Morvan and Bernard Giabud
photoactivatable imaging agent
DNA__
registration dataset
A REGISTRATION DATASET is a DATASET which is a result of a REGISTRATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
magnetic field quality dataset
A MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET is an MR DATASET acquired to measure the non-uniformity of the static magnetic field B0 and linearity of its gradients, or to measure the radiofrequency field inhomogeneities. Such DATASETS are used to create FIELD MAP DATASETS and VOXEL DISPLACEMENT MAPS (which are CALIBRATION DATASETS) that are used to correct the deformation induced by those inhomogeneities.
abdomen
pelvis
boundary surface and region based segmentation
A BOUNDARY SURFACE AND REGION BASED SEGMENTATION is a SEGMENTATION.
A BOUNDARY SURFACE BASED SEGMENTATION is a SEGMENTATION.
denoising
A DENOISING is a RESTORATION that focuses on the compensation of noise.
magnetization transfer ratio dataset
The Magnetization Transfer Ratio may be defined as MTR=100x(M0-Ms)/M0 pu, where M0 represents the signal measured in absence of saturation, and Ms the signal in the presence of saturation applied to the bound proton pool. It is expressed as percentage units (pu). A magnetization transfer ratio dataset “gives an indication of the quantity of bound protons present in tissue; it is reduced in many pathologies, particularly de-myelinisation, and provides different information from conventional parameters such as T2”. (Tofts, 2004).
quantitative T1 estimation
A QUANTITATIVE T1 ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T1 ESTIMATION has for data at least two T1 WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T1 ESTIMATION has for result a QUANTITATIVE T1 DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
oligonucleotide
magnetic field quality dataset long-echo-time
A MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET LONG ECHO TIME is a MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET.
magnetic field quality dataset long echo time
PET dataset
A PET DATASET is a DATASET which is the result of either a PET DATASET ACQUISITION or a DATASET PROCESSING which processes a PET DATASET as data and keeps the same nature to the DATASET result.
POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY (PET) is a nuclear medicine imaging method similar to computed tomography, except that the image shows the tissue concentration of a positron-emitting radioisotope.
liver
pancreas
time of flight angio MR dataset
Time-of-flight (TOF) is based on the phenomenon of flow-related enhancement of spins entering into an imaging slice. As a result of being unsaturated, these spins give more signal that surrounding stationary spins. With 2-D TOF, multiple thin imaging slices are acquired with a flow-compensated gradient-echo sequence. These images can be combined by using a technique of reconstruction such as maximum intensity projection (MIP), to obtain a 3-D image of the vessels analogous to conventional angiography. With 3-D TOF, a volume of images is obtained simultaneously by phase-encoding in the slice-select direction.
systemic artery
hepatocyte
multiple subjects template dataset
A MULTIPLE SUBJECTS TEMPLATE DATASET is a TEMPLATE DATASET which is a MULTIPLE SUBJECTS DATASET.
in vitro primary cell
anterior chest
An INTENSITY MODIFICATION is a resampling that affects only the range of the values taken by the mathematical function associated to the dataset “to be intensity-normalized”. Examples are: Bias field correction (with respect to an estimated bias); Histogram equalization; Intensity normalization (with respect to a reference); Image contrast adjustment (window / level); Image inversion.
An INTENSITY NORMALIZATION is a RESAMPLING.
floating dataset
A DATASET is used as a FLOATING DATASET in the context of a Registration Data Processing. During the registration, the FLOATING DATASET (also called source) is resampled in the sampling grid provided by the REFERENCE DATASET.
restoration
medical image restoration
bload dataset
coefficient of variation calculation
'cell line' is an 'in vitro cell' that represents cells that grow in the first or later subculture from a primary culture.
cell line
registration
medical image registration
REORIENTATION is a RESAMPLING
standard deviation calculation
diffusion tensor dataset
A DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a DIFFUSION TENSOR CALCULATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET is an ANATOMICAL DATASET.
The DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET reflects the directional dependence of the diffusion properties, independently of the orientation of the tissue with respect to the directions of measurements. D is calculated from a non diffusion-weighted image plus six or more diffusion-weighted measurements along non collinear directions.
polysaccharide
Lipid Microbubble
magnetic field quality dataset short echo-time
A MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET SHORT ECHO TIME is a MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET.
magnetic field quality dataset short echo time
field map estimation
A FIELD MAP ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [EP/SL] A FIELD MAP ESTIMATION is a CALIBRATION MODEL ESTIMATION. [CP/ER] Every FIELD MAP ESTIMATION has for data exactly one MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET LONG ECHO TIME at a TIME INTERVAL. [CP/ER] Every FIELD MAP ESTIMATION has for data exactly one MAGNETIC FIELD QUALITY DATASET SHORT ECHO TIME at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every FIELD MAP ESTIMATION has for result a FIELD MAP DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
contrast agent angio MR dataset
A CONTRAST AGENT ANGIO MR DATASET is a MR DATASET. [EP/SL] Every CONTRAST AGENT ANGIO MR DATASET is a HEMODYNAMIC DATASET. [EP/SL] Every CONTRAST AGENT ANGIO MR DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
anatomical dataset
An ANATOMICAL DATASET is a DATASET which explores a brain anatomical structure.
proteins and polypeptide
ordinal scale
mononuclear phagocyte system
nominal scale
ratio scale
clavicle
H1 chemical shift imaging dataset
an H1 CHEMICAL SHIFT IMAGING DATASET is an H1 MR SPECTROSCOPY DATASET.
subdivision of trunck proper
single subject template dataset
A SINGLE SUBJECT TEMPLATE DATASET is a TEMPLATE DATASET which is a SINGLE SUBJECT DATASET.
MR spectroscopy dataset
functional dataset
EEG dataset
An EEG DATASET is a DATASET which is the result of either an EEG DATASET ACQUISITION or a DATASET PROCESSING which processes an EEG DATASET as data and keeps the same nature to the DATASET result.
Electro encephalography (EEG) is the measurement of electrical activity produced by the brain as recorded from electrodes placed on the scalp.
'transduced cell' is a 'cell line' that is caused by a transduction. A transduction is the process by which DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus. It also refers to the process whereby foreign DNA is introduced into another cell via a viral vector.
Wikipedia page: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transduction_(genetics)
transducted cell
lipid
non affine registration
A NON-AFFINE REGISTRATION, or NON-LINEAR REGISTRATION, is a REGISTRATION.
kidney
subdivision of thorax
nuclear medicine tomo dataset
A NUCLEAR MEDICINE TOMO DATASET is a SPECT DATASET. [EP/SL] Every NUCLEAR MEDICINE TOMO DATASET is a METABOLIC DATASET. [EP/SL] Every NUCLEAR MEDICINE TOMO DATASET is a RECONSTRUCTED DATASET.
knee
H1 single voxel spectroscopy dataset
A H1 SINGLE VOXEL SPECTROSCOPY DATASET is an H1 MR SPECTROSCOPY DATASET.
segment of neuraxis
tissues segmentation
A tissues segmentation is a segmentation that extracts the tissues such as grey matter, white matter, cerebro-spinal fluid.
mono-modality non affine registration
A MONO MODALITY NON-AFFINE REGISTRATION is a NON-AFFINE REGISTRATION.
A QUALITY PROCEDURE DATASET is a DATASET which was acquired to assess the quality of the data produced by a piece of imaging equipment. It may also be used to produce a CALIBRATION DATASET. For example, a phantom may be scanned to measure spatial scaling.
quality procedure dataset
multi-modality affine non rigid registration
A MULTI MODALITY AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION is an AFFINE NON-RIGID REGISTRATION.
regional cerebral blood volume estimation
A REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EER] Every REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME ESTIMATION has for data a T2 WEIGHTED DCE MR DATASET or a T2 STAR WEIGHTED DCE MR at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME ESTIMATION has for result a REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
mono modality rigid registration
A mono modality rigid registration is a rigid registration in which the reference and the floating image have the same modality, which means that they represent the same kind of information, e.g. a T1-weighted MR signal.
femur
region of pectoral part of chest
distortion correction
A DISTORTION-CORRECTION is a RESTORATION that focuses on the compensation of a distortion, based on a calibration model.
A DISTORTION-CORRECTION is a RESTORATION. [EP/SL] Every DISTORTION-CORRECTION is a CALIBRATION MODEL APPLICATION.
CT dataset
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) is an imaging method in which a cross-sectional image of the structures in a body plane is reconstructed by a computer program from the x-ray absorption of beams projected through the body in the image plane.
lesion segmentation
A lesion segmentation is a segmentation that extracts structures such as tumours, or multiple sclerosis white matter lesions.
metabolite concentration ratio dataset
A METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of a METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every METABOLITE CONCENTRATION RATIO DATASET is a METABOLIC DATASET.
thymus
T1 weighted DCE-MR dataset
adrenal gland
glycosaminoglycan
measurement scale
breast
An ex vivo tissue biopsy is an ex vivo subject that represents an amount of tissue that is removed by the doctor in order to be studied.
ex vivo tissue biopsy
relative anisostropy calculation
A RELATIVE ANISOTROPY CALCULATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [CP/EVR] Every RELATIVE ANISOTROPY CALCULATION has for data only a DIFFUSION TENSOR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every RELATIVE ANISOTROPY CALCULATION has for result a RELATIVE ANISOTROPY DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
calibration dataset
A CALIBRATION DATASET serves for calibration purposes. It represents a model that enables to transform non-calibrated data into calibrated data. For instance, in MR, a Field Map can be acquired for estimating the modification of the field B0 (Static Magnetic Field) or B1 (Radiofrequency Transmit Field) induced by the presence of the subject (i.e. the magnetic susceptibility of the tissues). From this data (called Magnetic Field Quality datasets) a transformation may be computed in order to compensate for this non-uniformity of the field: this transformation is a CALIBRATION DATASET.
absolute metabolite concentration dataset
An ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION DATASET is a PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET which is a result of an ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/SL] Every ABSOLUTE METABOLITE CONCENTRATION DATASET is a METABOLIC DATASET.
regional mean transit time dataset
The regional mean transit time, rMTT, is the average time it takes the tracer substance to pass through the vascular bed within the voxel (rMTT= rCBV/rCBF).
registration with distortion correction
A REGISTRATION WITH DISTORTION CORRECTION is a REGISTRATION which has for part a DISTORTION CORRECTION. [EP/ER] Every REGISTRATION WITH DISTORTION CORRECTION has for data at least one CALIBRATION DATASET or PARAMETER QUANTIFICATION DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
lobular organ
PERMUTATION is a RESAMPLING
corticomedullary organ
displacement field dataset
A NORMALIZATION, or ACROSS-SUBJECT REGISTRATION, is a REGISTRATION.
rigid registration
A RIGID REGISTRATION is a REGISTRATION.
fractional anisotropy dataset
monoclonal Antibody
bias field dataset
A BIAS FIELD DATASET is a CALIBRATION DATASET which is a result of a BIAS FIELD ESTIMATION at a TIME INTERVAL.
endo-epithelial cell
subcortical segmentation
A SUBCORTICAL SEGMENTATION is a SEGMENTATION.
quantitative T2 estimation
A QUANTITATIVE T2 ESTIMATION is a QUANTITATIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T2 ESTIMATION has for data at least two T2 WEIGHTED MR DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL. [EP/ER] Every QUANTITATIVE T2 ESTIMATION has for result a QUANTITATIVE T2 DATASET at a TIME INTERVAL.
Several methods can be used for the quantitative estimation of T2 in a defined tissue or structure. based on the use of a spin echo sequence and the acquisition of several T2-weighted images at different echo time during the recovery of the transverse magnetic component.
coronary artery
absolute proton density dataset
The absolute proton concentration [1H] of a tissue defines the number of protons per unit volume of tissue. The absolute proton density of a tissue refers to the concentration of protons in this tissue, relative to that of the same volume of water at the same temperature. It is expressed in pu (percent units).
multiple subjects dataset
A MULTIPLE SUBJECTS DATASET is a dataset that does not refer to a single subject. For example, datasets that result from the statistical analysis of many datasets referring to multiple subjects are MULTIPLE SUBJECTS DATASETS. Such datasets may refer to multiple subjects, or may refer to a GROUP OF SUBJECTS.
multiple subject dataset
organ with organ cavity
T2 star weighted MR dataset