exm.owl
type: Ontology
contributor: Bairong Shen
contributor: Danting Li
contributor: Jiao Wang
contributor: Ke Zhang
contributor: Min Jiang
contributor: Ting Bao
contributor: Tong Tang
contributor: Xingyun Liu

BFO OWL specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification.
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

BFO CLIF specification label
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2
curator note: Really of interest to developers only
sub property of: label

editor preferred term
type: AnnotationProperty

example of usage
type: AnnotationProperty

definition
type: AnnotationProperty

editor note
type: AnnotationProperty

term editor
type: AnnotationProperty

alternative term
type: AnnotationProperty

curator note
type: AnnotationProperty

imported from
type: AnnotationProperty

elucidation
type: AnnotationProperty

has associated axiom(nl)
type: AnnotationProperty

has associated axiom(fol)
type: AnnotationProperty

has axiom label
type: AnnotationProperty

is a defining property chain axiom
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then it also holds that R -> P o Q. Note that this cannot be expressed directly in OWL

is a defining property chain axiom where second argument is reflexive
type: AnnotationProperty
definition: If R <- P o Q is a defining property chain axiom, then (1) R -> P o Q holds and (2) Q is either reflexive or locally reflexive. A corollary of this is that P SubPropertyOf R.

abbreviation
type: AnnotationProperty

part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: overlaps
inverse of: has part
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: is part of
example of usage: my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities)
example of usage: my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity)
example of usage: this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood)
definition: a core relation that holds between a part and its whole
editor note: Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other.
editor note: Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
editor note: Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'.
alternative term: part_of
RO_0001900: RO_0001901
RO_0040042: continuant
RO_0040042: occurrent
RO_0040042: independent continuant
RO_0040042: realizable entity
RO_0040042: quality
RO_0040042: specifically dependent continuant
RO_0040042: generically dependent continuant
has db xref: BFO:0000050
has OBO namespace: human_stages_ontology
id: part_of
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go gp2term
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam
shorthand: part_of

has part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: overlaps
type: TransitiveProperty
editor preferred term: has part
example of usage: my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)
example of usage: my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)
example of usage: this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)
definition: a core relation that holds between a whole and its part
editor note: Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.
editor note: Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/
editor note: Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.
alternative term: has_part
RO_0001900: RO_0001901
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

preceded_by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: ends after
inverse of: precedes
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
property chain axiom: part of
editor preferred term: preceded by
definition: x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
editor note: An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other.
editor note: X preceded_by Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with start(X)
alternative term: is preceded by
alternative term: preceded_by
source: http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by
has db xref: BFO:0000062
has OBO namespace: human_stages_ontology
id: preceded_by
in subset: ro-eco
shorthand: preceded_by

precedes
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: temporally related to
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
property chain axiom: part of
editor preferred term: precedes
definition: x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point.
in subset: ro-eco

occurs in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: contains process
domain: occurrent
range: independent continuant
property chain axiom: part of
editor preferred term: occurs in
definition: b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
alternative term: occurs_in
alternative term: unfolds in
alternative term: unfolds_in
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam
comment: Paraphrase of definition: a relation between a process and an independent continuant, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant

contains process
type: ObjectProperty
editor preferred term: site of
definition: [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t
comment: Paraphrase of definition: a relation between an independent continuant and a process, in which the process takes place entirely within the independent continuant

characteristic of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: characteristic of part of
inverse of: has characteristic
type: FunctionalProperty
editor preferred term: inheres in
example of usage: this fragility is a characteristic of this vase
example of usage: this red color is a characteristic of this apple
definition: a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence.
alternative term: inheres_in
RO_0001900: RO_0001901
comment: Note that this relation was previously called "inheres in", but was changed to be called "characteristic of" because BFO2 uses "inheres in" in a more restricted fashion. This relation differs from BFO2:inheres_in in two respects: (1) it does not impose a range constraint, and thus it allows qualities of processes, as well as of information entities, whereas BFO2 restricts inheres_in to only apply to independent continuants (2) it is declared functional, i.e. something can only be a characteristic of one thing.

has characteristic
type: ObjectProperty
type: InverseFunctionalProperty
range: specifically dependent continuant
editor preferred term: bearer of
example of usage: this apple is bearer of this red color
example of usage: this vase is bearer of this fragility
definition: Inverse of characteristic_of
editor note: A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist.
alternative term: bearer_of
alternative term: is bearer of
RO_0001900: RO_0001901

participates in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: has participant
domain: continuant
range: occurrent
editor preferred term: participates in
example of usage: this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation
example of usage: this input material (or this output material) participates in this process
example of usage: this investigator participates in this investigation
definition: a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
alternative term: participates_in

has participant
type: ObjectProperty
domain: occurrent
range: continuant
property chain axiom: has part
editor preferred term: has participant
example of usage: this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot
example of usage: this investigation has participant this investigator
example of usage: this process has participant this input material (or this output material)
definition: a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process
editor note: Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time.
alternative term: has_participant
source: http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant

function of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has function
domain: function
example of usage: this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme
definition: a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
alternative term: function_of
alternative term: is function of
comment: This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.

quality of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has quality
example of usage: this red color is a quality of this apple
definition: a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists.
alternative term: is quality of
alternative term: quality_of
comment: This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.

role of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: characteristic of
inverse of: has role
example of usage: this investigator role is a role of this person
definition: a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
alternative term: is role of
alternative term: role_of
comment: This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.

has function
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has characteristic
domain: independent continuant
range: function
example of usage: this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function)
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists.
alternative term: has_function

has quality
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has characteristic
range: quality
example of usage: this apple has quality this red color
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist.
alternative term: has_quality

has role
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has characteristic
domain: independent continuant
range: role
example of usage: this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator)
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence
editor note: A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists.
alternative term: has_role

has disposition
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has characteristic
inverse of: disposition of
domain: independent continuant
range: disposition
definition: a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence

disposition of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: characteristic of
definition: inverse of has disposition
in subset: RO_0002259
comment: This relation is modeled after the BFO relation of the same name which was in BFO2, but is used in a more restricted sense - specifically, we model this relation as functional (inherited from characteristic-of). Note that this relation is now removed from BFO2020.

has regulatory component activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has component activity
sub property of: regulated by
definition: A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-05-24T09:30:46Z

has negative regulatory component activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has regulatory component activity
sub property of: negatively regulated by
definition: A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-05-24T09:31:01Z
comment: By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function. Internal regulatory functions are treated as components. For example, NMDA glutmate receptor activity is a cation channel activity with positive regulatory component 'glutamate binding' and negative regulatory components including 'zinc binding' and 'magnesium binding'.

has positive regulatory component activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has regulatory component activity
sub property of: positively regulated by
definition: A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-05-24T09:31:17Z
comment: By convention GO molecular functions are classified by their effector function and internal regulatory functions are treated as components. So, for example calmodulin has a protein binding activity that has positive regulatory component activity calcium binding activity. Receptor tyrosine kinase activity is a tyrosine kinase activity that has positive regulatory component 'ligand binding'.

has component activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has component process
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-05-24T09:44:33Z
comment: A 'has component activity' B if A is A and B are molecular functions (GO_0003674) and A has_component B.

has component process
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has component
domain: process
range: process
definition: w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-05-24T09:49:21Z

directly regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulated by
inverse of: directly regulates
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-09-17T13:52:24Z
comment: Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.

Axiom
annotated source: directly regulated by
annotated property: comment
annotated target: Process(P2) is directly regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
has db xref: GOC:dos

directly negatively regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: directly regulated by
inverse of: directly negatively regulates
definition: Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-09-17T13:52:38Z

Axiom
annotated source: directly negatively regulated by
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1.
has db xref: GOC:dos

directly positively regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: directly regulated by
inverse of: directly positively regulates
definition: Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-09-17T13:52:47Z

Axiom
annotated source: directly positively regulated by
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1.
has db xref: GOC:dos

has effector activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has component activity
type: FunctionalProperty
definition: A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
created by: dos
creation date: 2017-09-22T14:14:36Z
comment: This relation is designed for constructing compound molecular functions, typically in combination with one or more regulatory component activity relations.

Axiom
annotated source: has effector activity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity.
has db xref: GOC:dos

ends after
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: temporally related to
type: TransitiveProperty
term editor: David Osumi-Sutherland
in subset: ro-eco
comment: X ends_after Y iff: end(Y) before_or_simultaneous_with end(X)

immediately_preceded_by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: preceded_by
inverse of: immediately precedes
definition: X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)
term editor: David Osumi-Sutherland
alternative term: starts_at_end_of
has db xref: RO:0002087
has OBO namespace: human_stages_ontology
id: immediately_preceded_by
shorthand: immediately_preceded_by
comment: X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)

immediately precedes
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: precedes
term editor: David Osumi-Sutherland
alternative term: ends_at_start_of
alternative term: meets
RO_0002575: precedes
in subset: ro-eco
comment: X immediately_precedes_Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y)

overlaps
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: mereotopologically related to
property chain axiom: part of
property chain axiom: has part
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000125
definition: x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y
IAO_0000424: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 some ?Y)
RO_0001900: RO_0001901
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for gocam
in subset: ro-eco

Axiom
annotated source: overlaps
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: has part
annotated target: part of
RO_0002582: true

has component
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has part
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000125
definition: w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type.
editor note: The definition of 'has component' is still under discussion. The challenge is in providing a definition that does not imply transitivity.
curator note: For use in recording has_part with a cardinality constraint, because OWL does not permit cardinality constraints to be used in combination with transitive object properties. In situations where you would want to say something like 'has part exactly 5 digit, you would instead use has_component exactly 5 digit.
RO_0001900: RO_0001901
in subset: ro-eco

regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally upstream of
inverse of: regulated by
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: process
range: process
property chain axiom: has effector activity
property chain axiom: directly regulates
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000125
definition: process(P1) regulates process(P2) iff: P1 results in the initiation or termination of P2 OR affects the frequency of its initiation or termination OR affects the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
editor note: We use 'regulates' here to specifically imply control. However, many colloquial usages of the term correctly correspond to the weaker relation of 'causally upstream of or within' (aka influences). Consider relabeling to make things more explicit
term editor: Chris Mungall
term editor: David Hill
term editor: Tanya Berardini
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000119: GO
curator note: Regulation precludes parthood; the regulatory process may not be within the regulated process.
IAO_0000589: regulates (processual)
elucidation: false
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

negatively regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulates
sub property of: causally upstream of, negative effect
inverse of: negatively regulated by
definition: Process(P1) negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 terminates P2, or P1 descreases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: negatively regulates (process to process)
RO_0004050: regulates
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

positively regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulates
sub property of: causally upstream of, positive effect
inverse of: positively regulated by
type: TransitiveProperty
property chain axiom: negatively regulates
definition: Process(P1) postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 initiates P2, or P1 increases the the frequency of initiation of P2 or the magnitude or rate of output of P2.
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: positively regulates (process to process)
RO_0004049: regulates
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

capable of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: capable of part of
domain: independent continuant
range: process
example of usage: mechanosensory neuron capable of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception (GO:0050974)
example of usage: osteoclast SubClassOf 'capable of' some 'bone resorption'
definition: A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: has function realized in
IAO_0000119: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20123131
IAO_0000119: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21208450
curator note: For compatibility with BFO, this relation has a shortcut definition in which the expression "capable of some P" expands to "bearer_of (some realized_by only P)".
in subset: ro-eco

capable of part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: functionally related to
sub property of: causal agent in process
property chain axiom: capable of
property chain axiom: part of
definition: c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: has function in

Axiom
annotated source: capable of part of
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: capable of
annotated target: part of
RO_0002582: true

temporally related to
type: ObjectProperty
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000125
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: Allen's interval algebra
curator note: Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for relations between occurrents involving the relative timing of their starts and ends.
source: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kBv1ep_9g3sTR-SD3jqzFqhuwo9TPNF-l-9fUDbO6rM/edit
in subset: ro-eco
comment: A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations.

has input
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
inverse of: input of
domain: process
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000125
definition: p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: consumes
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam
in subset: ro-eco

acts upstream of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of or within
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of
example of usage: A faulty traffic light (material entity) whose malfunctioning (a process) is causally upstream of a traffic collision (a process): the traffic light acts upstream of the collision.
definition: c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes.
in subset: valid for go gp2term

acts upstream of or within
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal agent in process
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of or within
example of usage: A gene product that has some activity, where that activity may be a part of a pathway or upstream of the pathway.
definition: c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process.
has related synonym: affects
in subset: valid for go gp2term

causally upstream of, positive effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally upstream of
sub property of: causally upstream of or within, positive effect
RO_0004049: causally upstream of
creator: cjm
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for gocam
comment: holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x increases the frequency, rate or extent of y

causally upstream of, negative effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally upstream of
sub property of: causally upstream of or within, negative effect
RO_0004050: causally upstream of
creator: cjm
comment: holds between x and y if and only if x is causally upstream of y and the progression of x decreases the frequency, rate or extent of y

characteristic of part of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: depends on
property chain axiom: characteristic of
property chain axiom: part of
definition: q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w.
editor note: Because part_of is transitive, inheres in is a sub-relation of characteristic of part of
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: inheres in part of
IAO_0000119: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20064205
RO_0001900: RO_0001901

Axiom
annotated source: characteristic of part of
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: characteristic of
annotated target: part of
RO_0002582: true

mereotopologically related to
type: ObjectProperty
definition: A mereological relationship or a topological relationship
term editor: Chris Mungall
curator note: Do not use this relation directly. It is ended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving parthood or connectivity relationships
RO_0001900: RO_0001901

enables
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: capable of
inverse of: enabled by
property chain axiom: has part
property chain axiom: has component activity
example of usage: a particular instances of akt-2 enables some instance of protein kinase activity
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: catalyzes
alternative term: executes
alternative term: has
alternative term: is catalyzing
alternative term: is executing
curator note: This relation differs from the parent relation 'capable of' in that the parent is weaker and only expresses a capability that may not be actually realized, whereas this relation is always realized.
curator note: This relation is currently used experimentally by the Gene Ontology Consortium. It may not be stable and may be obsoleted at some future time.
in subset: valid for go gp2term

functionally related to
type: ObjectProperty
definition: A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities.
term editor: Chris Mungall
curator note: This is a grouping relation that collects relations used for the purpose of connecting structure and function

part of structure that is capable of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: functionally related to
property chain axiom: part of
property chain axiom: capable of
definition: this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: false

Axiom
annotated source: part of structure that is capable of
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: part of
annotated target: capable of
is a defining property chain axiom: true

involved in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
sub property of: involved in or involved in regulation of
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: part of
definition: c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: actively involved in
alternative term: enables part of

enabled by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has participant
sub property of: functionally related to
definition: inverse of enables
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: valid for gocam

regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally downstream of or within
type: TransitiveProperty
domain: process
range: process
definition: inverse of regulates
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000589: regulated by (processual)
in subset: RO_0002259

negatively regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulated by
definition: inverse of negatively regulates
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: RO_0002259

positively regulated by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulated by
definition: inverse of positively regulates
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: RO_0002259

input of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: participates in
sub property of: functionally related to
definition: inverse of has input
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: RO_0002259
in subset: ro-eco

causally downstream of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: preceded_by
sub property of: causally downstream of or within
inverse of: causally upstream of
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000428
definition: inverse of upstream of
term editor: Chris Mungall

immediately causally downstream of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: immediately_preceded_by
sub property of: causally downstream of
inverse of: immediately causally upstream of
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000428
term editor: Chris Mungall

causally related to
type: ObjectProperty
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000428
definition: This relation groups causal relations between material entities and causal relations between processes
editor note: This branch of the ontology deals with causal relations between entities. It is divided into two branches: causal relations between occurrents/processes, and causal relations between material entities. We take an 'activity flow-centric approach', with the former as primary, and define causal relations between material entities in terms of causal relations between occurrents. To define causal relations in an activity-flow type network, we make use of 3 primitives: * Temporal: how do the intervals of the two occurrents relate? * Is the causal relation regulatory? * Is the influence positive or negative The first of these can be formalized in terms of the Allen Interval Algebra. Informally, the 3 bins we care about are 'direct', 'indirect' or overlapping. Note that all causal relations should be classified under a RO temporal relation (see the branch under 'temporally related to'). Note that all causal relations are temporal, but not all temporal relations are causal. Two occurrents can be related in time without being causally connected. We take causal influence to be primitive, elucidated as being such that has the upstream changed, some qualities of the donwstream would necessarily be modified. For the second, we consider a relationship to be regulatory if the system in which the activities occur is capable of altering the relationship to achieve some objective. This could include changing the rate of production of a molecule. For the third, we consider the effect of the upstream process on the output(s) of the downstream process. If the level of output is increased, or the rate of production of the output is increased, then the direction is increased. Direction can be positive, negative or neutral or capable of either direction. Two positives in succession yield a positive, two negatives in succession yield a positive, otherwise the default assumption is that the net effect is canceled and the influence is neutral. Each of these 3 primitives can be composed to yiel…
term editor: Chris Mungall
curator note: Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.

causally upstream of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: precedes
sub property of: causally upstream of or within
type: TransitiveProperty
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000428
definition: p is causally upstream of q if and only if p precedes q and p and q are linked in a causal chain
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for gocam

immediately causally upstream of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: immediately precedes
sub property of: causally upstream of
IAO_0000114: IAO_0000428
definition: p is immediately causally upstream of q iff both (a) p immediately precedes q and (b) p is causally upstream of q. In addition, the output of p must be an input of q.
term editor: Chris Mungall
RO_0002575: causally upstream of

causally upstream of or within
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal relation between processes
inverse of: causally downstream of or within
type: TransitiveProperty
definition: p 'causally upstream or within' q iff (1) the end of p is before the end of q and (2) the execution of p exerts some causal influence over the outputs of q; i.e. if p was abolished or the outputs of p were to be modified, this would necessarily affect q.
editor note: We would like to make this disjoint with 'preceded by', but this is prohibited in OWL2
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: influences (processual)
has related synonym: affects

causally downstream of or within
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal relation between processes
type: TransitiveProperty
definition: inverse of causally upstream of or within
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
in subset: RO_0002259

involved in regulation of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of
sub property of: involved in or involved in regulation of
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: regulates
property chain axiom: involved in
definition: c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p
term editor: Chris Mungall

involved in positive regulation of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: involved in regulation of
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: positively regulates
property chain axiom: involved in
definition: c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p
term editor: Chris Mungall
RO_0004049: involved in regulation of

involved in negative regulation of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: involved in regulation of
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: negatively regulates
property chain axiom: involved in
definition: c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p
term editor: Chris Mungall
RO_0004050: involved in regulation of

involved in or involved in regulation of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of or within
sub property of: functionally related to
sub property of: causal agent in process
definition: c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p
editor note: OWL does not allow defining object properties via a Union
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: involved in or reguates

is active in
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: overlaps
sub property of: functionally related to
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: occurs in
example of usage: A protein that enables activity in a cytosol.
definition: c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: executes activity in
has exact synonym: enables activity in

Axiom
annotated source: is active in
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: enables
annotated target: occurs in
is a defining property chain axiom: true

Axiom
annotated source: is active in
annotated property: definition
annotated target: c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure.
has db xref: GOC:cjm
has db xref: GOC:dos

interacts with
type: ObjectProperty
type: SymmetricProperty
domain: material entity
range: material entity
definition: A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected.
editor note: Considering relabeling as 'pairwise interacts with'
editor note: This relation and all sub-relations can be applied to either (1) pairs of entities that are interacting at any moment of time (2) populations or species of entity whose members have the disposition to interact (3) classes whose members have the disposition to interact.
term editor: Chris Mungall
curator note: Note that this relationship type, and sub-relationship types may be redundant with process terms from other ontologies. For example, the symbiotic relationship hierarchy parallels GO. The relations are provided as a convenient shortcut. Consider using the more expressive processual form to capture your data. In the future, these relations will be linked to their cognate processes through rules.
has exact synonym: in pairwise interaction with
in subset: ro-eco

molecularly interacts with
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: interacts with
type: SymmetricProperty
definition: An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other.
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: binds
alternative term: molecularly binds with

phosphorylates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: molecularly interacts with
editor note: Axiomatization to GO to be added later
term editor: Chris Mungall
alternative term: An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y.

directly regulates activity of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: molecularly interacts with
sub property of: regulates activity of
domain: material entity
range: material entity
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: regulates
property chain axiom: enabled by
definition: The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B.
term editor: Chris Mungall
term editor: Vasundra Touré
has exact synonym: molecularly controls

directly negatively regulates activity of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: directly regulates activity of
domain: material entity
range: material entity
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: directly negatively regulates
property chain axiom: enabled by
definition: The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B.
term editor: Chris Mungall
term editor: Vasundra Touré
alternative term: directly inhibits
has exact synonym: molecularly decreases activity of

directly positively regulates activity of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: directly regulates activity of
domain: material entity
range: material entity
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: directly positively regulates
property chain axiom: enabled by
definition: The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B.
term editor: Chris Mungall
term editor: Vasundra Touré
alternative term: directly activates
has exact synonym: molecularly increases activity of

helper property (not for use in curation)
type: ObjectProperty
term editor: Chris Mungall
curator note: This property or its subproperties is not to be used directly. These properties exist as helper properties that are used to support OWL reasoning.

has part that occurs in
type: ObjectProperty
domain: occurrent
range: independent continuant
property chain axiom: has part
property chain axiom: occurs in
definition: p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c.
term editor: Chris Mungall
in subset: ro-eco

Axiom
annotated source: has part that occurs in
annotated property: propertyChainAxiom
annotated target: has part
annotated target: occurs in
is a defining property chain axiom: true

is kinase activity
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: molecular interaction relation helper property
term editor: Chris Mungall

causal agent in process
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal relation between material entity and a process
inverse of: process has causal agent
definition: A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

causal relation between processes
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally related to
domain: occurrent
range: occurrent
definition: p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one of direct activation or direct inhibition. p may be upstream, downstream, part of or a container of q.
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
curator note: Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.

depends on
type: ObjectProperty
term editor: Chris Mungall

causal relation between entities
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally related to
domain: continuant
range: continuant
editor note: The intent is that the process branch of the causal property hierarchy is primary (causal relations hold between occurrents/processes), and that the material branch is defined in terms of the process branch
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
curator note: Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.

causally influenced by
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal relation between entities
inverse of: causally influences
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: causally influenced by (entity-centric)

interaction relation helper property
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: helper property (not for use in curation)
term editor: Chris Mungall

molecular interaction relation helper property
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: interaction relation helper property
term editor: Chris Mungall

causally influences
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal relation between entities
domain: continuant
range: continuant
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of
property chain axiom: has input
property chain axiom: enabled by
definition: The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size).
term editor: Chris Mungall
term editor: Vasundra Touré
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: causally influences (entity-centric)

directly regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: regulates
sub property of: immediately causally upstream of
definition: Process(P1) directly regulates process(P2) iff: P1 regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly regulates P2.
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: directly regulates (processual)
RO_0002575: regulates
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

has part structure that is capable of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: functionally related to
sub property of: causal relation between material entity and a process
property chain axiom: has part
property chain axiom: capable of
example of usage: gland SubClassOf 'has part structure that is capable of' some 'secretion by cell'
definition: s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p
term editor: Chris Mungall

causal relation between material entity and a process
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally related to
domain: material entity
range: process
definition: A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity.
editor note: Do not use this relation directly. It is intended as a grouping for a diverse set of relations, all involving cause and effect.
term editor: Chris Mungall
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

capable of regulating
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causal agent in process
property chain axiom: capable of
property chain axiom: regulates
example of usage: pyrethroid -> growth
definition: Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p.
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

capable of negatively regulating
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: capable of regulating
property chain axiom: capable of
property chain axiom: negatively regulates
definition: Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p.
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

capable of positively regulating
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: capable of regulating
property chain axiom: capable of
property chain axiom: positively regulates
example of usage: renin -> arteriolar smooth muscle contraction
definition: Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p.
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

process has causal agent
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally related to
definition: Inverse of 'causal agent in process'
IAO_0000119: causal-relations

directly positively regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: positively regulates
sub property of: directly regulates
definition: Process(P1) directly postively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly positively regulates P2.
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: directly positively regulates (process to process)
RO_0004049: directly regulates
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

directly negatively regulates
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: negatively regulates
sub property of: directly regulates
definition: Process(P1) directly negatively regulates process(P2) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P1 directly negatively regulates P2.
IAO_0000119: causal-relations
IAO_0000589: directly negatively regulates (process to process)
RO_0004050: directly regulates
in subset: valid for go annotation extension
in subset: valid for go ontology
in subset: valid for gocam

enables subfunction
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: functionally related to
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: has part
definition: Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P.
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-01-25T23:20:13Z

acts upstream of or within, positive effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of or within
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of or within, positive effect
RO_0004049: acts upstream of or within
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-01-26T23:49:30Z
in subset: valid for go gp2term

acts upstream of or within, negative effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of or within
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of or within, negative effect
RO_0004050: acts upstream of or within
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-01-26T23:49:51Z
in subset: valid for go gp2term

acts upstream of, positive effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of
sub property of: acts upstream of or within, positive effect
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of, positive effect
definition: c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive
RO_0004049: acts upstream of
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-01-26T23:53:14Z
in subset: valid for go gp2term

acts upstream of, negative effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: acts upstream of
sub property of: acts upstream of or within, negative effect
property chain axiom: enables
property chain axiom: causally upstream of, negative effect
definition: c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative
RO_0004050: acts upstream of
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-01-26T23:53:22Z
in subset: valid for go gp2term

causally upstream of or within, negative effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally upstream of or within
RO_0004050: causally upstream of or within
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-03-13T23:55:05Z

causally upstream of or within, positive effect
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally upstream of or within
RO_0004049: causally upstream of or within
created by: cjm
creation date: 2018-03-13T23:55:19Z

regulates activity of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: causally influences
domain: material entity
range: material entity
definition: The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B.
term editor: Vasundra Touré

adjacent_to
type: ObjectProperty
comment: Relation of proximity between disjoint continuants. Adjacent_to satisfies some of the axioms governing the relation referred to in the literature of qualitative topology as 'external connectedness' . Analogs of other mereotopological relations (qualitative relations between spatial regions involving parthood, boundary and connectedness) can also be defined, and these too can be applied to the material and immaterial continuants which occupy such regions on the instance level.

contained_in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: contains
comment: Containment obtains in each case between material and immaterial continuants, for instance: lung containedIn thoracic cavity; bladder containedIn pelvic cavity. Hence containment is not a transitive relation. If c partOf c1 at t then we have also, by our definition and by the axioms of mereology applied to spatial regions, c locatedIn c1 at t. Thus, many examples of instance-level location relations for continuants are in fact cases of instance-level parthood. For material continuants location and parthood coincide. Containment is location not involving parthood, and arises only where some immaterial continuant is involved. To understand this relation, we first define overlap for continuants as follows: c1 overlap c2 at t =def for some c, c partOf c1 at t and c partOf c2 at t.

contains
type: ObjectProperty

derived_into
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: derives_from
type: TransitiveProperty

derives_from
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: Derivation is a relation holding between non-identicals. More precisely, it holds between distinct material continuants when one succeeds the other across a temporal divide in such a way that at least a biologically significant portion of the matter of the earlier continuant is inherited by the later. Thus we will have axioms to the effect that from c derivesFrom c1 we can infer that c and c1 are not identical and that there is some instant of time t such that c1 exists only prior to and c only subsequent to t. We will also be able to infer that the spatial region occupied by c as it begins to exist at t overlaps with the spatial region occupied by c1 as it ceases to exist in the same instant.

has_improper_part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has_part
inverse of: improper_part_of
type: TransitiveProperty

has_integral_part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has_part
inverse of: integral_part_of
type: TransitiveProperty

has_part
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: part_of
type: TransitiveProperty

has_proper_part
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: has_part
inverse of: proper_part_of
type: TransitiveProperty

improper_part_of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: part_of
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: As for partOf, with the additional constraint that subject and object may be identical

integral_part_of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: part_of
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: C integralPartOf C' if and only if: C partOf C' AND C' hasPart C

located_in
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: location_of
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: The primitive instance-level relation c locatedIn r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is partOf the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus

location_of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty

part_of
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: The primitive instance-level relation p partOf p1 is illustrated in assertions such as: this instance of rhodopsin mediated phototransduction partOf this instance of visual perception. This relation satisfies at least the following standard axioms of mereology: reflexivity (for all p, p partOf p); anti-symmetry (for all p, p1, if p partOf p1 and p1 partOf p then p and p1 are identical); and transitivity (for all p, p1, p2, if p partOf p1 and p1 partOf p2, then p partOf p2). Analogous axioms hold also for parthood as a relation between spatial regions. For parthood as a relation between continuants, these axioms need to be modified to take account of the incorporation of a temporal argument. Thus for example the axiom of transitivity for continuants will assert that if c partOf c1 at t and c1 partOf c2 at t, then also c partOf c2 at t.

proper_part_of
type: ObjectProperty
sub property of: part_of
type: TransitiveProperty
comment: As for partOf, with the additional constraint that subject and object are distinct

transformation_of
type: ObjectProperty
inverse of: transformed_into
type: TransitiveProperty
editor note: When an embryonic oenocyte (a type of insect cell) is transformed into a larval oenocyte, one and the same continuant entity preserves its identity while instantiating distinct classes at distinct times. The class-level relation transformationOf obtains between continuant classes C and C1 wherever each instance of the class C is such as to have existed at some earlier time as an instance of the distinct class C1 (see Figure 2 in paper). This relation is illustrated first of all at the molecular level of granularity by the relation between mature RNA and the pre-RNA from which it is processed, or between (UV-induced) thymine-dimer and thymine dinucleotide. At coarser levels of granularity it is illustrated by the transformations involved in the creation of red blood cells, for example, from reticulocyte to erythrocyte, and by processes of development, for example, from larva to pupa, or from (post-gastrular) embryo to fetus or from child to adult. It is also manifest in pathological transformations, for example, of normal colon into carcinomatous colon. In each such case, one and the same continuant entity instantiates distinct classes at different times in virtue of phenotypic changes.
comment: Relation between two classes, in which instances retain their identity yet change their classification by virtue of some kind of transformation. Formally: C transformationOf C' if and only if given any c and any t, if c instantiates C at time t, then for some t', c instantiates C' at t' and t' earlier t, and there is no t2 such that c instantiates C at t2 and c instantiates C' at t2.

transformed_into
type: ObjectProperty
type: TransitiveProperty

entity
type: Class
BFO OWL specification label: entity
BFO CLIF specification label: Entity
example of usage: Julius Caesar
example of usage: Verdi’s Requiem
example of usage: the Second World War
example of usage: your body mass index
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81
editor note: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
elucidation: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])

Axiom
annotated source: entity
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000004
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/001-001

continuant
type: Class
subclass of: entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: continuant
disjoint with: occurrent
disjoint with: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: occurrent
BFO OWL specification label: continuant
BFO CLIF specification label: Continuant
definition: An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240
editor note: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
elucidation: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
has associated axiom(nl): if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000007

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/009-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/126-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/008-002

Axiom
annotated source: continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/011-002

occurrent
type: Class
subclass of: entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: occurrent
disjoint with: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: continuant
BFO OWL specification label: occurrent
BFO CLIF specification label: Occurrent
definition: An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players.
editor note: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
editor note: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
elucidation: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
has associated axiom(nl): b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000006
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000012

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/077-002

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/108-001

Axiom
annotated source: occurrent
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/079-001

independent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: independent continuant
disjoint with: specifically dependent continuant
disjoint with: generically dependent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: ic
BFO CLIF specification label: IndependentContinuant
example of usage: a chair
example of usage: a heart
example of usage: a leg
example of usage: a molecule
example of usage: a spatial region
example of usage: an atom
example of usage: an orchestra.
example of usage: an organism
example of usage: the bottom right portion of a human torso
example of usage: the interior of your mouth
definition: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
editor note: A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything.
has associated axiom(nl): For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
has associated axiom(nl): For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/134-001

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/018-002

Axiom
annotated source: independent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/017-002

spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
disjoint with: site
disjoint with: continuant fiat boundary
BFO OWL specification label: s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatialRegion
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes.
editor note: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
elucidation: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000002
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/036-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/035-001

temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
disjoint with: spatiotemporal region
disjoint with: process
disjoint with: process boundary
BFO OWL specification label: t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TemporalRegion
editor note: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
elucidation: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Temporal region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of a temporal instant and a temporal interval that doesn't overlap the instant. In this case the resultant temporal region is neither 0-dimensional nor 1-dimensional
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000003
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A temporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of time as defined relative to some reference frame. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [100-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All parts of temporal regions are temporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [101-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every temporal region t is such that t occupies_temporal_region t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [119-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (TemporalRegion r) (occupiesTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [119-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/119-002

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (TemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (TemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [101-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/101-001

Axiom
annotated source: temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [100-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/100-001

two-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an infinitely thin plane in space.
example of usage: the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space
elucidation: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/039-001

spatiotemporal region
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
BFO OWL specification label: st-region
BFO CLIF specification label: SpatiotemporalRegion
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a human life
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by a process of cellular meiosis.
example of usage: the spatiotemporal region occupied by the development of a cancer tumor
elucidation: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
has associated axiom(nl): All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region occupies_spatiotemporal_region itself.
has associated axiom(nl): Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A spatiotemporal region is an occurrent entity that is part of spacetime. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [095-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All parts of spatiotemporal regions are spatiotemporal regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [096-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region at any time t projects_onto some spatial region at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [099-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Each spatiotemporal region projects_onto some temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [098-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every spatiotemporal region s is such that s occupies_spatiotemporal_region s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [107-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (r) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion r r))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [107-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/107-002

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (SpatialRegion y) (spatiallyProjectsOntoAt x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [099-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/099-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (and (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (occurrentPartOf y x)) (SpatioTemporalRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [096-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/096-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (Occurrent x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [095-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/095-001

Axiom
annotated source: spatiotemporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (SpatioTemporalRegion x) (exists (y) (and (TemporalRegion y) (temporallyProjectsOnto x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [098-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/098-001

process
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
BFO OWL specification label: process
BFO CLIF specification label: Process
example of usage: a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart
example of usage: a process of meiosis
example of usage: a process of sleeping
example of usage: the course of a disease
example of usage: the flight of a bird
example of usage: the life of an organism
example of usage: your process of aging.
definition: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
editor note: An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war)
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]

Axiom
annotated source: process
annotated property: definition
annotated target: p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003

Axiom
annotated source: process
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/083-003

disposition
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
disjoint with: role
BFO OWL specification label: disposition
BFO CLIF specification label: Disposition
example of usage: an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y
example of usage: certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer
example of usage: children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways.
example of usage: the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type.
elucidation: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
has associated axiom(nl): If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/063-002

Axiom
annotated source: disposition
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/062-002

realizable entity
type: Class
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: realizable entity
disjoint with: quality
BFO OWL specification label: realizable
BFO CLIF specification label: RealizableEntity
example of usage: the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity.
example of usage: the disposition of your blood to coagulate
example of usage: the function of your reproductive organs
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet
definition: A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances.
elucidation: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
has associated axiom(nl): All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/060-002

Axiom
annotated source: realizable entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/058-002

zero-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion
elucidation: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/037-001

quality
type: Class
subclass of: specifically dependent continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: quality
BFO OWL specification label: quality
BFO CLIF specification label: Quality
example of usage: the ambient temperature of this portion of air
example of usage: the color of a tomato
example of usage: the length of the circumference of your waist
example of usage: the mass of this piece of gold.
example of usage: the shape of your nose
example of usage: the shape of your nostril
elucidation: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
has associated axiom(nl): If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/055-001

Axiom
annotated source: quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/105-001

specifically dependent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  all values from: specifically dependent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: sdc
BFO CLIF specification label: SpecificallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key
example of usage: of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato
example of usage: of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates.
example of usage: the disposition of this fish to decay
example of usage: the function of this heart: to pump blood
example of usage: the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79
example of usage: the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction
example of usage: the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center
example of usage: the role of being a doctor
example of usage: the shape of this hole.
example of usage: the smell of this portion of mozzarella
definition: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
editor note: A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same.
editor note: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000005
comment: per discussion with Barry Smith

Axiom
annotated source: specifically dependent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/050-003

role
type: Class
subclass of: realizable entity
BFO OWL specification label: role
BFO CLIF specification label: Role
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: the priest role
example of usage: the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories
example of usage: the role of a building in serving as a military target
example of usage: the role of a stone in marking a property boundary
example of usage: the role of subject in a clinical trial
example of usage: the student role
definition: A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives.
elucidation: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]

Axiom
annotated source: role
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001

Axiom
annotated source: role
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/061-001

fiat object part
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: fiat-object-part
BFO CLIF specification label: FiatObjectPart
example of usage: or with divisions drawn by cognitive subjects for practical reasons, such as the division of a cake (before slicing) into (what will become) slices (and thus member parts of an object aggregate). However, this does not mean that fiat object parts are dependent for their existence on divisions or delineations effected by cognitive subjects. If, for example, it is correct to conceive geological layers of the Earth as fiat object parts of the Earth, then even though these layers were first delineated in recent times, still existed long before such delineation and what holds of these layers (for example that the oldest layers are also the lowest layers) did not begin to hold because of our acts of delineation.Treatment of material entity in BFOExamples viewed by some as problematic cases for the trichotomy of fiat object part, object, and object aggregate include: a mussel on (and attached to) a rock, a slime mold, a pizza, a cloud, a galaxy, a railway train with engine and multiple carriages, a clonal stand of quaking aspen, a bacterial community (biofilm), a broken femur. Note that, as Aristotle already clearly recognized, such problematic cases – which lie at or near the penumbra of instances defined by the categories in question – need not invalidate these categories. The existence of grey objects does not prove that there are not objects which are black and objects which are white; the existence of mules does not prove that there are not objects which are donkeys and objects which are horses. It does, however, show that the examples in question need to be addressed carefully in order to show how they can be fitted into the proposed scheme, for example by recognizing additional subdivisions [29
example of usage: the FMA:regional parts of an intact human body.
example of usage: the Western hemisphere of the Earth
example of usage: the division of the brain into regions
example of usage: the division of the planet into hemispheres
example of usage: the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the body
example of usage: the upper and lower lobes of the left lung
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Most examples of fiat object parts are associated with theoretically drawn divisions
elucidation: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]

Axiom
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a fiat object part = Def. b is a material entity which is such that for all times t, if b exists at t then there is some object c such that b proper continuant_part of c at t and c is demarcated from the remainder of c by a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [027-004])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004

Axiom
annotated source: fiat object part
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (FiatObjectPart x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y) (and (Object y) (properContinuantPartOfAt x y t)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [027-004]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/027-004

one-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
disjoint with: three-dimensional spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space.
elucidation: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/038-001

object aggregate
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: object-aggregate
BFO CLIF specification label: ObjectAggregate
example of usage: a collection of cells in a blood biobank.
example of usage: a swarm of bees is an aggregate of members who are linked together through natural bonds
example of usage: a symphony orchestra
example of usage: an organization is an aggregate whose member parts have roles of specific types (for example in a jazz band, a chess club, a football team)
example of usage: defined by fiat: the aggregate of members of an organization
example of usage: defined through physical attachment: the aggregate of atoms in a lump of granite
example of usage: defined through physical containment: the aggregate of molecules of carbon dioxide in a sealed container
example of usage: defined via attributive delimitations such as: the patients in this hospital
example of usage: the aggregate of bearings in a constant velocity axle joint
example of usage: the aggregate of blood cells in your body
example of usage: the nitrogen atoms in the atmosphere
example of usage: the restaurants in Palo Alto
example of usage: your collection of Meissen ceramic plates.
editor note: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: object aggregates may gain and lose parts while remaining numerically identical (one and the same individual) over time. This holds both for aggregates whose membership is determined naturally (the aggregate of cells in your body) and aggregates determined by fiat (a baseball team, a congressional committee).
elucidation: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000011

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: An entity a is an object aggregate if and only if there is a mutually exhaustive and pairwise disjoint partition of a into objects
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000301

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is an object aggregate means: b is a material entity consisting exactly of a plurality of objects as member_parts at all times at which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [025-004])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004

Axiom
annotated source: object aggregate
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ObjectAggregate x) (and (MaterialEntity x) (forall (t) (if (existsAt x t) (exists (y z) (and (Object y) (Object z) (memberPartOfAt y x t) (memberPartOfAt z x t) (not (= y z)))))) (not (exists (w t_1) (and (memberPartOfAt w x t_1) (not (Object w)))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [025-004]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/025-004

three-dimensional spatial region
type: Class
subclass of: spatial region
BFO OWL specification label: 3d-s-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion
example of usage: a cube-shaped region of space
example of usage: a sphere-shaped region of space,
elucidation: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]

Axiom
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001

Axiom
annotated source: three-dimensional spatial region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/040-001

site
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
BFO OWL specification label: site
BFO CLIF specification label: Site
example of usage: Manhattan Canyon)
example of usage: a hole in the interior of a portion of cheese
example of usage: a rabbit hole
example of usage: an air traffic control region defined in the airspace above an airport
example of usage: the Grand Canyon
example of usage: the Piazza San Marco
example of usage: the cockpit of an aircraft
example of usage: the hold of a ship
example of usage: the interior of a kangaroo pouch
example of usage: the interior of the trunk of your car
example of usage: the interior of your bedroom
example of usage: the interior of your office
example of usage: the interior of your refrigerator
example of usage: the lumen of your gut
example of usage: your left nostril (a fiat part – the opening – of your left nasal cavity)
elucidation: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]

Axiom
annotated source: site
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is a site means: b is a three-dimensional immaterial entity that is (partially or wholly) bounded by a material entity or it is a three-dimensional immaterial part thereof. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [034-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002

Axiom
annotated source: site
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Site x) (ImmaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [034-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/034-002

object
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
BFO OWL specification label: object
BFO CLIF specification label: Object
example of usage: atom
example of usage: cell
example of usage: cells and organisms
example of usage: engineered artifacts
example of usage: grain of sand
example of usage: molecule
example of usage: organelle
example of usage: organism
example of usage: planet
example of usage: solid portions of matter
example of usage: star
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: BFO rests on the presupposition that at multiple micro-, meso- and macroscopic scales reality exhibits certain stable, spatially separated or separable material units, combined or combinable into aggregates of various sorts (for example organisms into what are called ‘populations’). Such units play a central role in almost all domains of natural science from particle physics to cosmology. Many scientific laws govern the units in question, employing general terms (such as ‘molecule’ or ‘planet’) referring to the types and subtypes of units, and also to the types and subtypes of the processes through which such units develop and interact. The division of reality into such natural units is at the heart of biological science, as also is the fact that these units may form higher-level units (as cells form multicellular organisms) and that they may also form aggregates of units, for example as cells form portions of tissue and organs form families, herds, breeds, species, and so on. At the same time, the division of certain portions of reality into engineered units (manufactured artifacts) is the basis of modern industrial technology, which rests on the distributed mass production of engineered parts through division of labor and on their assembly into larger, compound units such as cars and laptops. The division of portions of reality into units is one starting point for the phenomenon of counting.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Each object is such that there are entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its interior, and other entities of which we can assert unproblematically that they lie in its exterior. This may not be so for entities lying at or near the boundary between the interior and exterior. This means that two objects – for example the two cells depicted in Figure 3 – may be such that there are material entities crossing their boundaries which belong determinately to neither cell. Something similar obtains in certain cases of conjoined twins (see below).
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: To say that b is causally unified means: b is a material entity which is such that its material parts are tied together in such a way that, in environments typical for entities of the type in question,if c, a continuant part of b that is in the interior of b at t, is larger than a certain threshold size (which will be determined differently from case to case, depending on factors such as porosity of external cover) and is moved in space to be at t at a location on the exterior of the spatial region that had been occupied by b at t, then either b’s other parts will be moved in coordinated fashion or b will be damaged (be affected, for example, by breakage or tearing) in the interval between t and t.causal changes in one part of b can have consequences for other parts of b without the mediation of any entity that lies on the exterior of b. Material entities with no proper material parts would satisfy these conditions trivially. Candidate examples of types of causal unity for material entities of more complex sorts are as follows (this is not intended to be an exhaustive list):CU1: Causal unity via physical coveringHere the parts in the interior of the unified entity are combined together causally through a common membrane or other physical covering\. The latter points outwards toward and may serve a protective function in relation to what lies on the exterior of the entity [13, 47
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: an object is a maximal causally unified material entity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘objects’ are sometimes referred to as ‘grains’ [74
elucidation: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])

Axiom
annotated source: object
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b is an object means: b is a material entity which manifests causal unity of one or other of the types CUn listed above & is of a type (a material universal) instances of which are maximal relative to this criterion of causal unity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [024-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/024-001

generically dependent continuant
type: Class
subclass of: continuant
BFO OWL specification label: gdc
BFO CLIF specification label: GenericallyDependentContinuant
example of usage: The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity.
example of usage: the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop
example of usage: the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule.
definition: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]

Axiom
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001

Axiom
annotated source: generically dependent continuant
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/074-001

function
type: Class
subclass of: disposition
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: function of
  some values from: person
BFO OWL specification label: function
BFO CLIF specification label: Function
example of usage: the function of a hammer to drive in nails
example of usage: the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity
example of usage: the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc.
elucidation: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]

Axiom
annotated source: function
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001

Axiom
annotated source: function
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/064-001

process boundary
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
BFO OWL specification label: p-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessBoundary
example of usage: the boundary between the 2nd and 3rd year of your life.
definition: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
has associated axiom(nl): Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: definition
annotated target: p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every process boundary occupies_temporal_region a zero-dimensional temporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [085-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ProcessBoundary x) (exists (y) (and (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion y) (occupiesTemporalRegion x y))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [085-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/085-002

Axiom
annotated source: process boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ProcessBoundary a) (exists (p) (and (Process p) (temporalPartOf a p) (not (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [084-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/084-001

one-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: temporal region
disjoint with: zero-dimensional temporal region
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: the temporal region during which a process occurs.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: A temporal interval is a special kind of one-dimensional temporal region, namely one that is self-connected (is without gaps or breaks).
elucidation: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A one-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is extended. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [103-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [103-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/103-001

material entity
type: Class
subclass of: independent continuant
disjoint with: immaterial entity
BFO OWL specification label: material
BFO CLIF specification label: MaterialEntity
example of usage: a flame
example of usage: a forest fire
example of usage: a human being
example of usage: a hurricane
example of usage: a photon
example of usage: a puff of smoke
example of usage: a sea wave
example of usage: a tornado
example of usage: an aggregate of human beings.
example of usage: an energy wave
example of usage: an epidemic
example of usage: the undetached arm of a human being
definition: An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here.
elucidation: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
has associated axiom(nl): Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
has associated axiom(nl): every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(nl)
annotated target: every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/019-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/021-002

Axiom
annotated source: material entity
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/020-002

continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
subclass of: immaterial entity
BFO OWL specification label: cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ContinuantFiatBoundary
definition: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: In BFO 1.1 the assumption was made that the external surface of a material entity such as a cell could be treated as if it were a boundary in the mathematical sense. The new document propounds the view that when we talk about external surfaces of material objects in this way then we are talking about something fiat. To be dealt with in a future version: fiat boundaries at different levels of granularity.More generally, the focus in discussion of boundaries in BFO 2.0 is now on fiat boundaries, which means: boundaries for which there is no assumption that they coincide with physical discontinuities. The ontology of boundaries becomes more closely allied with the ontology of regions.
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: a continuant fiat boundary is a boundary of some material entity (for example: the plane separating the Northern and Southern hemispheres; the North Pole), or it is a boundary of some immaterial entity (for example of some portion of airspace). Three basic kinds of continuant fiat boundary can be distinguished (together with various combination kinds [29
editor note: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
has associated axiom(nl): Every continuant fiat boundary is located at some spatial region at every time at which it exists
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: Continuant fiat boundary doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the mereological sum of two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary and a one dimensional continuant fiat boundary that doesn't overlap it. The situation is analogous to temporal and spatial regions.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000008

Axiom
annotated source: continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ImmaterialEntity a) (exists (b) (and (or (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b)) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))) (not (exists (c t) (and (SpatialRegion c) (continuantPartOfAt c a t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [029-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/029-001

immaterial entity
type: Class
subclass of: independent continuant
BFO OWL specification label: immaterial
BFO CLIF specification label: ImmaterialEntity
editor note: BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10

one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
disjoint with: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
disjoint with: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
BFO OWL specification label: 1d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: The Equator
example of usage: all geopolitical boundaries
example of usage: all lines of latitude and longitude
example of usage: the line separating the outer surface of the mucosa of the lower lip from the outer surface of the skin of the chin.
example of usage: the median sulcus of your tongue
elucidation: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a continuous fiat line whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [032-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001

Axiom
annotated source: one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (OneDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [032-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/032-001

process profile
type: Class
subclass of: occurrent
disjoint with: history
BFO OWL specification label: process-profile
BFO CLIF specification label: ProcessProfile
example of usage: On a somewhat higher level of complexity are what we shall call rate process profiles, which are the targets of selective abstraction focused not on determinate quality magnitudes plotted over time, but rather on certain ratios between these magnitudes and elapsed times. A speed process profile, for example, is represented by a graph plotting against time the ratio of distance covered per unit of time. Since rates may change, and since such changes, too, may have rates of change, we have to deal here with a hierarchy of process profile universals at successive levels
example of usage: One important sub-family of rate process profiles is illustrated by the beat or frequency profiles of cyclical processes, illustrated by the 60 beats per minute beating process of John’s heart, or the 120 beats per minute drumming process involved in one of John’s performances in a rock band, and so on. Each such process includes what we shall call a beat process profile instance as part, a subtype of rate process profile in which the salient ratio is not distance covered but rather number of beat cycles per unit of time. Each beat process profile instance instantiates the determinable universal beat process profile. But it also instantiates multiple more specialized universals at lower levels of generality, selected from rate process profilebeat process profileregular beat process profile3 bpm beat process profile4 bpm beat process profileirregular beat process profileincreasing beat process profileand so on.In the case of a regular beat process profile, a rate can be assigned in the simplest possible fashion by dividing the number of cycles by the length of the temporal region occupied by the beating process profile as a whole. Irregular process profiles of this sort, for example as identified in the clinic, or in the readings on an aircraft instrument panel, are often of diagnostic significance.
example of usage: The simplest type of process profiles are what we shall call ‘quality process profiles’, which are the process profiles which serve as the foci of the sort of selective abstraction that is involved when measurements are made of changes in single qualities, as illustrated, for example, by process profiles of mass, temperature, aortic pressure, and so on.
definition: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
elucidation: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: b process_profile_of c holds when b proper_occurrent_part_of c& there is some proper_occurrent_part d of c which has no parts in common with b & is mutually dependent on b& is such that b, c and d occupy the same temporal region (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [094-005])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x y) (if (processProfileOf x y) (and (properContinuantPartOf x y) (exists (z t) (and (properOccurrentPartOf z y) (TemporalRegion t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion y t) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion z t) (not (exists (w) (and (occurrentPartOf w x) (occurrentPartOf w z))))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [094-005]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/094-005

Axiom
annotated source: process profile
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ProcessProfile a) (exists (b) (and (Process b) (processProfileOf a b)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [093-002]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/093-002

relational quality
type: Class
subclass of: quality
BFO OWL specification label: r-quality
BFO CLIF specification label: RelationalQuality
example of usage: John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married.
example of usage: a marriage bond, an instance of love, an obligation between one person and another.
definition: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]

Axiom
annotated source: relational quality
annotated property: definition
annotated target: b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001

Axiom
annotated source: relational quality
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (RelationalQuality a) (exists (b c t) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (IndependentContinuant c) (qualityOfAt a b t) (qualityOfAt a c t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [057-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/057-001

two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
BFO OWL specification label: 2d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
elucidation: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary (surface) is a self-connected fiat surface whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [033-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001

Axiom
annotated source: two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (TwoDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [033-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/033-001

zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
type: Class
subclass of: continuant fiat boundary
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-cf-boundary
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary
example of usage: the geographic North Pole
example of usage: the point of origin of some spatial coordinate system.
example of usage: the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet
editor note: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
elucidation: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: editor note
annotated target: zero dimension continuant fiat boundaries are not spatial points. Considering the example 'the quadripoint where the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona meet' : There are many frames in which that point is zooming through many points in space. Whereas, no matter what the frame, the quadripoint is always in the same relation to the boundaries of Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona.
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/0000001
comment: requested by Melanie Courtot

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: a zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary is a fiat point whose location is defined in relation to some material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [031-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (iff (ZeroDimensionalContinuantFiatBoundary a) (and (ContinuantFiatBoundary a) (exists (b) (and (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion b) (forall (t) (locatedInAt a b t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [031-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/031-001

zero-dimensional temporal region
type: Class
subclass of: temporal region
BFO OWL specification label: 0d-t-region
BFO CLIF specification label: ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion
example of usage: a temporal region that is occupied by a process boundary
example of usage: right now
example of usage: the moment at which a child is born
example of usage: the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident
example of usage: the moment of death.
alternative term: temporal instant.
elucidation: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
has associated axiom(fol): (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A zero-dimensional temporal region is a temporal region that is without extent. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [102-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001

Axiom
annotated source: zero-dimensional temporal region
annotated property: has associated axiom(fol)
annotated target: (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalTemporalRegion x) (TemporalRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [102-001]
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/102-001

history
type: Class
subclass of: process
BFO OWL specification label: history
BFO CLIF specification label: History
elucidation: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])

Axiom
annotated source: history
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: A history is a process that is the sum of the totality of processes taking place in the spatiotemporal region occupied by a material entity or site, including processes on the surface of the entity or within the cavities to which it serves as host. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [138-001])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/138-001

cardiovascular system disease
type: Class
subclass of: disease
definition: A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
has alternative id: DOID:73
has db xref: ICD9CM:429.2
has db xref: MESH:D002318
has db xref: NCI:C2931
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US_2020_09_01:266275004
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C0007222
has exact synonym: disease of subdivision of hemolymphoid system
has OBO namespace: disease_ontology
id: DOID:1287
in subset: DO AGR slim
in subset: DO GXD slim
in subset: DO MGI slim
in subset: DO RAD slim
in subset: NCIthesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: cardiovascular system disease
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis.
type: ECO_0007638
has db xref: url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_system

neurodegenerative disease
type: Class
subclass of: disease
definition: A central nervous system disease that results in the progressive deterioration of function or structure of neurons.
has alternative id: DOID:4874
has db xref: ICD10CM:G31.9
has db xref: MESH:D019636
has db xref: NCI:C27090
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US_2020_09_01:362975008
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C0524851
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C1285162
has exact synonym: Neurodegenerative disease
has exact synonym: degenerative disease
has OBO namespace: disease_ontology
id: DOID:1289
in subset: DO FlyBase slim
in subset: NCIthesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: neurodegenerative disease
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A central nervous system disease that results in the progressive deterioration of function or structure of neurons.
type: ECO_0007638
has db xref: url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disease
has db xref: url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegeneration

cancer
type: Class
subclass of: disease
definition: A disease of cellular proliferation that is malignant and primary, characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis.
has db xref: ICD10CM:C80.1
has db xref: ICD9CM:199
has db xref: ICDO:M8000/3
has db xref: MESH:D009369
has db xref: NCI:C9305
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US_2020_09_01:269513004
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C0006826
has exact synonym: malignant neoplasm
has exact synonym: malignant tumor
has exact synonym: primary cancer
has OBO namespace: disease_ontology
id: DOID:162
in subset: DO AGR slim
in subset: DO FlyBase slim
in subset: DO GXD slim
in subset: DO RAD slim
in subset: DO cancer slim
in subset: NCIthesaurus
comment: Updating out dated UMLS CUI.

Axiom
annotated source: cancer
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A disease of cellular proliferation that is malignant and primary, characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis.
type: ECO_0007638
type: ECO_0007643
has db xref: url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cancer
has db xref: url:http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=cancer

musculoskeletal system disease
type: Class
subclass of: disease
definition: A disease of anatomical entity that occurs in the muscular and/or skeletal system.
has db xref: MESH:D009140
has db xref: NCI:C107377
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US_2020_09_01:268047003
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C0026857
has OBO namespace: disease_ontology
id: DOID:17
in subset: DO AGR slim
in subset: DO GXD slim
in subset: DO MGI slim
in subset: NCIthesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: musculoskeletal system disease
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A disease of anatomical entity that occurs in the muscular and/or skeletal system.
type: ECO_0007638
has db xref: url:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_musculoskeletal_system#Diseases_and_disorders

diabetes mellitus
type: Class
subclass of: disease
definition: A glucose metabolism disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
has db xref: ICD10CM:E08-E13
has db xref: ICD9CM:250
has db xref: MESH:D003920
has db xref: NCI:C2985
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US_2020_09_01:267467004
has db xref: UMLS_CUI:C0011849
has OBO namespace: disease_ontology
id: DOID:9351
in subset: NCIthesaurus

Axiom
annotated source: diabetes mellitus
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A glucose metabolism disease characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.
type: ECO_0007637
type: ECO_0007638
type: ECO_0007645
has db xref: url:http://www.who.int/diabetes/action_online/basics/en/
has db xref: url:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus
has db xref: url:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9686693

human life cycle stage
type: Class
subclass of: process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: occurs in
  some values from: person
definition: A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
has db xref: UBERON:0000105
has exact synonym: developmental stage
has narrow synonym: stage
has OBO namespace: human_stages_ontology
id: HsapDv:0000000

Axiom
annotated source: human life cycle stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism.
has db xref: UBERON:0000105

human life cycle
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
definition: Temporal interval that defines human life from the prenatal stage until late adulthood.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
start dpf: 0.0
has db xref: UBERON:0000104
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000001

Axiom
annotated source: human life cycle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Temporal interval that defines human life from the prenatal stage until late adulthood.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

immature stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human life cycle
definition: Human developmental stage that covers the period from birth until 12 years old.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
end ypb: 13.0
start ypb: 0.0
has db xref: UBERON:0000112
has exact synonym: 0-12 years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
has related synonym: child
id: HsapDv:0000080

Axiom
annotated source: immature stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Human developmental stage that covers the period from birth until 12 years old.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

adolescent stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: mature stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: positively regulates
  some values from: muscle hypertrophy
definition: Mature stage that refers to an adolescent who is over 13 and under 19 years old.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
end ypb: 19.0
start ypb: 13.0
has exact synonym: 13-18 years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
has related synonym: teen
has related synonym: teenager
id: HsapDv:0000086

Axiom
annotated source: adolescent stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Mature stage that refers to an adolescent who is over 13 and under 19 years old.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

human adult stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: mature stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: immediately_preceded_by
  some values from: adolescent stage
definition: Human developmental stage that refers to an adult who is over 19.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
start ypb: 19.0
has exact synonym: 19+ years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000087

Axiom
annotated source: human adult stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Human developmental stage that refers to an adult who is over 19.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

human early adulthood stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human adult stage
definition: Adult stage that refers to an adult who is under 45.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
end ypb: 45.0
start ypb: 19.0
has exact synonym: 19-44 years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000088

Axiom
annotated source: human early adulthood stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adult stage that refers to an adult who is under 45.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

young adult stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human early adulthood stage
definition: Early adulthood that refers to an adult who is under 25.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
end ypb: 25.0
start ypb: 19.0
has exact synonym: 19-24 years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000089

Axiom
annotated source: young adult stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Early adulthood that refers to an adult who is under 25.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

human late adulthood stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human adult stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: immediately_preceded_by
  some values from: human early adulthood stage
definition: Adult stage that refers to an adult who is over 45.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
start ypb: 45.0
has exact synonym: 45+ years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
has related synonym: Middle Aged + Aged
id: HsapDv:0000091

Axiom
annotated source: human late adulthood stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Adult stage that refers to an adult who is over 45.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

human middle aged stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human late adulthood stage
definition: Late adulthood that refers to an adult who is over 45 and under 65.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
end ypb: 65.0
start ypb: 45.0
has exact synonym: 45-64 years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000092

Axiom
annotated source: human middle aged stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Late adulthood that refers to an adult who is over 45 and under 65.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

human aged stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human late adulthood stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: immediately_preceded_by
  some values from: human middle aged stage
definition: Late adulthood that refers to an adult who is over 65.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
start ypb: 65.0
has db xref: UBERON:0007222
has exact synonym: 65+ years
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
has related synonym: elderly
id: HsapDv:0000093

Axiom
annotated source: human aged stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Late adulthood that refers to an adult who is over 65.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

mature stage
type: Class
subclass of: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: part of
  some values from: human life cycle
definition: Human developmental stage that refers to a sexually mature human.
imported from: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/hsapdv/releases/2020-03-10/hsapdv.owl
start ypb: 13.0
has db xref: UBERON:0000113
has OBO namespace: human_developmental_stage
id: HsapDv:0000204

Axiom
annotated source: mature stage
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Human developmental stage that refers to a sexually mature human.
has db xref: Bgee:curator

exercise
type: Class
subclass of: physical activity
definition: Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining physical fitness or health.
has db xref: MSH: D015444
has db xref: NCI: C16567
has db xref: SCTID: 256235009
has db xref: SCTID: 61686008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0015259
has exact synonym: physical exercise

Axiom
annotated source: exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Physical activity which is usually regular and done with the intention of improving or maintaining physical fitness or health.
has db xref: MSH: D015444

Axiom
annotated source: exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: physical exercise
has db xref: MSH: D015444

high-intensity interval training
type: Class
subclass of: interval training
subclass of: anaerobic exercise
definition: A cardiovascular exercise strategy with alternating short periods of intense anaerobic exercise with less-intense recovery periods.
has db xref: MSH: D000072696
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4277545
has exact synonym: high intensity interval training
has exact synonym: high-intensity intermittent exercise

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity interval training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A cardiovascular exercise strategy with alternating short periods of intense anaerobic exercise with less-intense recovery periods.
has db xref: MSH: D000072696

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity interval training
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: high intensity interval training
has db xref: MSH: D000072696

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity interval training
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: high-intensity intermittent exercise
has db xref: MSH: D000072696

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity interval training
annotated property: label
annotated target: high-intensity interval training @zh
abbreviation: HIIT

ventricular ejection fraction
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The percentage of the end-diastolic volume pumped out of the heart during SYSTOLE.
has db xref: MSH: D013318
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0042508

Axiom
annotated source: ventricular ejection fraction
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The percentage of the end-diastolic volume pumped out of the heart during SYSTOLE.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0042508

aerobic exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Sustained exercise that places an increased oxygen demand on the cardiovascular system and promotes an increased efficiency of the body's use of oxygen.
has db xref: NCI: C39774
has db xref: SCTID: 229072005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0001701

Axiom
annotated source: aerobic exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sustained exercise that places an increased oxygen demand on the cardiovascular system and promotes an increased efficiency of the body's use of oxygen.
has db xref: NCI: C39774

left ventricular ejection fraction
type: Class
subclass of: ventricular ejection fraction
definition: The fraction of the left ventricular end diastolic volume ejected with each beat. The left ventricular ejection fraction is equal to the left ventricular stroke volume divided by the left ventricular end diastolic volume.
has db xref: NCI: C99524
has db xref: SCTID: 250908004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0428772

Axiom
annotated source: left ventricular ejection fraction
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The fraction of the left ventricular end diastolic volume ejected with each beat. The left ventricular ejection fraction is equal to the left ventricular stroke volume divided by the left ventricular end diastolic volume.
has db xref: NCI: C99524

Axiom
annotated source: left ventricular ejection fraction
annotated property: label
annotated target: left ventricular ejection fraction @zh
abbreviation: LVEF

health status
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.
has db xref: MSH: D006304
has db xref: NCI: C16669
has db xref: SCTID: 406221003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0018759
has related synonym: health level
has related synonym: level of health

Axiom
annotated source: health status
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.
has db xref: MSH: D006304

Axiom
annotated source: health status
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: health level
has db xref: MSH: D006304

Axiom
annotated source: health status
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: level of health
has db xref: MSH: D006304

body composition
type: Class
subclass of: morphplogical fitness
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: proper_part_of
  some values from: physical fitness
definition: The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.
has db xref: MSH: D001823
has db xref: SCTID: 68592003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005885

Axiom
annotated source: body composition
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.
has db xref: MSH: D001823

body fat percentage
type: Class
subclass of: body composition
definition: The amount of an individual's total body mass that is fat, expressed as a percent.
has db xref: NCI: C139218
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0518026
has exact synonym: percentage of body fat
has related synonym: body fat

Axiom
annotated source: body fat percentage
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: percentage of body fat
has db xref: NCI: C139218

Axiom
annotated source: body fat percentage
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: body fat
has db xref: NCI: C139218

body protein percentage
type: Class
subclass of: body composition
definition: The amount of an individual's total body mass that is protein, expressed as a percent.
has exact synonym: percentage of body protein

body mineral percentage
type: Class
subclass of: body composition
definition: The amount of an individual's total body mass that is mineral, expressed as a percent.
has exact synonym: percentage of body mineral

body water percentage
type: Class
subclass of: body composition
definition: The amount of an individual's total body mass that is water, expressed as a percent.
has exact synonym: percentage of body water

exercise equipment
type: Class
subclass of: object
definition: equipment used in exercise
has db xref: SCTID: 708542002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0497977
has exact synonym: exercise device

Axiom
annotated source: exercise equipment
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exercise device
has db xref: SCTID: 708542002

physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causally upstream of, positive effect
  some values from: athletic injury
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causally upstream of, positive effect
  some values from: muscle hypertrophy
has db xref: MSH: D009043
has db xref: SCTID: 48761009
has db xref: SCTID: 68130003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0026606
has exact synonym: motor activity
has related synonym: motor behavior

Axiom
annotated source: physical activity
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: motor activity
has db xref: MSH: D009043

Axiom
annotated source: physical activity
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: motor behavior
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0026606

Axiom
annotated source: physical activity
annotated property: label
annotated target: physical activity @zh
abbreviation: PA

exercise prescription
type: Class
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
definition: Exercise prescription commonly refers to the specific plan of fitness-related activities that are designed for a specified purpose, which is often developed by a fitness or rehabilitation specialist for the client or patient.

characteristic of exercise
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: Concept used to describe exercise

type of exercise
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

exercise frequence
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

exercise intensity
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

exercise time
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

isokinetic exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: An exercise that involves the movement of a constant weight or load through a specified range of motion.
has db xref: NCI: C21058
has db xref: SCTID: 16709005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0454287

Axiom
annotated source: isokinetic exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An exercise that involves the movement of a constant weight or load through a specified range of motion.
has db xref: NCI: C21058

isometric exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: An exercise that is performed by exerting force against an immovable object or by holding an object in a static position.
has db xref: MSH: D015444
has db xref: NCI: C21057
has db xref: SCTID: 64838004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0022206

Axiom
annotated source: isometric exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An exercise that is performed by exerting force against an immovable object or by holding an object in a static position.
has db xref: NCI: C21057

isotonic exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: An exercise that involves the movement of a constant weight or load through a specified range of motion.
has db xref: NCI: C21059
has db xref: SCTID: 16709005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0454287

Axiom
annotated source: isotonic exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An exercise that involves the movement of a constant weight or load through a specified range of motion.
has db xref: NCI: C21059

light exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
disjoint with: very light exercise
disjoint with: moderate exercise
disjoint with: strenuous exercise
definition: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 35-60% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has broad synonym: light activity
has broad synonym: light-intensity activity
has db xref: NCI: C39771
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1517883

Axiom
annotated source: light exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 35-60% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has db xref: NCI: C39771
comment: < 3.0 MET

Axiom
annotated source: light exercise
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: light activity
has db xref: NCI: C39771

very light exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
disjoint with: moderate exercise
disjoint with: strenuous exercise
definition: Light exercise for less than 20 minutes, 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to less than 35% of your maximum heart rate, or light exercise less than 3 times per week.
has broad synonym: very light activity
has db xref: NCI: C39777
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1519977
has exact synonym: sedentary exercise

Axiom
annotated source: very light exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Light exercise for less than 20 minutes, 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to less than 35% of your maximum heart rate, or light exercise less than 3 times per week.
has db xref: NCI: C39777

Axiom
annotated source: very light exercise
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: very light activity
has db xref: NCI: C39777

Axiom
annotated source: very light exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: sedentary exercise
has db xref: NCI: C39777

moderate exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: moderate physical activity
disjoint with: strenuous exercise
definition: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 60-80% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has broad synonym: moderate activity
has broad synonym: moderate-intensity activity
has db xref: NCI: C39772
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1513375

Axiom
annotated source: moderate exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 60-80% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has db xref: NCI: C39772
comment: 3 - 6 MET

Axiom
annotated source: moderate exercise
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: moderate activity
has db xref: NCI: C39772

strenuous exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 80-90% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has broad synonym: strenuous activity
has broad synonym: vigorous-intensity activity
has db xref: NCI: C39773
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1514989

Axiom
annotated source: strenuous exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 80-90% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week.
has db xref: NCI: C39773
comment: ≥ 6.0 MET

Axiom
annotated source: strenuous exercise
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: strenuous activity
has db xref: NCI: C39773

gender
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: Characteristics of people that are socially constructed, including norms, behaviors, and roles based on sex. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.
has db xref: MSH: D005783
has db xref: NCI: C17357
has db xref: SCTID: 263495000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0079399

Axiom
annotated source: gender
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Characteristics of people that are socially constructed, including norms, behaviors, and roles based on sex. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.
has db xref: NCI: C17357
comment: Do not use this term for non-human animals.

sex
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: The assemblage of physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female; the physical difference between male and female; the distinguishing peculiarity of male or female.
has db xref: MSH: D012723
has db xref: NCI: C28421
has db xref: SCTID: 57312000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1522384
has exact synonym: biological sex

Axiom
annotated source: sex
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The assemblage of physical properties or qualities by which male is distinguished from female; the physical difference between male and female; the distinguishing peculiarity of male or female.
has db xref: NCI: C28421

Axiom
annotated source: sex
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: biological sex
has db xref: NCI: C28421

male phenotype
type: Class
subclass of: sex
disjoint with: female phenotype
definition: An animal who is observed by researcher or clinician to be male, the sex that ordinarily produces sperm.
has broad synonym: male
has db xref: NCI: C46112
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1706428

Axiom
annotated source: male phenotype
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An animal who is observed by researcher or clinician to be male, the sex that ordinarily produces sperm.
has db xref: NCI: C46112

Axiom
annotated source: male phenotype
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: male
has db xref: NCI: C46112

female phenotype
type: Class
subclass of: sex
definition: An animal who is observed by researcher or clinician to be female, the sex that ordinarily produces ova.
has broad synonym: female
has db xref: NCI: C46113
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1705498

Axiom
annotated source: female phenotype
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An animal who is observed by researcher or clinician to be female, the sex that ordinarily produces ova.
has db xref: NCI: C46113

Axiom
annotated source: female phenotype
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: female
has db xref: NCI: C46113

male gender
type: Class
subclass of: gender
disjoint with: female gender
definition: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of male.
has broad synonym: male
has db xref: NCI: C46109
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1706180

Axiom
annotated source: male gender
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of male.
has db xref: NCI: C46109
comment: Do not use this term for non-human animals.

Axiom
annotated source: male gender
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: male
has db xref: NCI: C46109

female gender
type: Class
subclass of: gender
definition: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of female.
has broad synonym: female
has db xref: NCI: C46110

Axiom
annotated source: female gender
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An individual who reports belonging to the cultural gender role distinction of female.
has db xref: NCI: C46110
comment: Do not use this term for non-human animals.

Axiom
annotated source: female gender
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: female
has db xref: NCI: C46110

family history
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: A record of a patient's background regarding health and disease events of blood relatives. A patient's family medical history may be important in diagnosing existing conditions.
has db xref: MSH: D008487
has db xref: NCI: C17726
has db xref: SCTID: 57177007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0241889
has exact synonym: family health history
has exact synonym: family medical history

Axiom
annotated source: family history
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A record of a patient's background regarding health and disease events of blood relatives. A patient's family medical history may be important in diagnosing existing conditions.
has db xref: NCI: C17726

Axiom
annotated source: family history
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: family health history
has db xref: MSH: D008487

Axiom
annotated source: family history
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: family medical history
has db xref: MSH: D008487
has db xref: NCI: C17726
has db xref: SCTID: 57177007

Axiom
annotated source: family history
annotated property: label
annotated target: family history @zh
abbreviation: FH

medical history
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: A record of a patient's background regarding health and the occurrence of disease events of the individual. In addition, personal medical history may be a variable in epidemiologic studies.
has db xref: NCI: C18772
has db xref: SCTID: 392521001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0262926
has narrow synonym: personal medical history
has related synonym: personal history

Axiom
annotated source: medical history
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A record of a patient's background regarding health and the occurrence of disease events of the individual. In addition, personal medical history may be a variable in epidemiologic studies.
has db xref: NCI: C18772

Axiom
annotated source: medical history
annotated property: hasNarrowSynonym
annotated target: personal medical history
has db xref: NCI: C18772

Axiom
annotated source: medical history
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: personal history
has db xref: NCI: C18772

race
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: A geographic ancestral origin category that is assigned to a population group based mainly on physical characteristics that are thought to be distinct and inherent.
has db xref: MSH: D044469
has db xref: NCI: C17049
has db xref: SCTID: 415229000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0034510
has exact synonym: racial group

Axiom
annotated source: race
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A geographic ancestral origin category that is assigned to a population group based mainly on physical characteristics that are thought to be distinct and inherent.
has db xref: NCI: C17049

Axiom
annotated source: race
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: racial group
has db xref: SCTID: 415229000

body weight
type: Class
subclass of: morphplogical fitness
definition: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
has db xref: MSH: D001835
has db xref: NCI: C81328
has db xref: SCTID: 27113001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005910
has exact synonym: body mass

Axiom
annotated source: body weight
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
has db xref: MSH: D001835

Axiom
annotated source: body weight
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: body mass
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0518010

skeletal muscle mass
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: Total mass of skeletal muscle.

skeletal muscle
type: Class
subclass of: muscle
definition: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.
has broad synonym: skeletal muscle structure
has db xref: MSH: D018482
has db xref: NCI: C13050
has db xref: SCTID: 127954009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0242692
has exact synonym: skeletal muscle tissue

Axiom
annotated source: skeletal muscle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A subtype of striated muscle, attached by TENDONS to the SKELETON. Skeletal muscles are innervated and their movement can be consciously controlled. They are also called voluntary muscles.
has db xref: MSH: D018482

Axiom
annotated source: skeletal muscle
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: skeletal muscle structure
has db xref: SCTID: 127954009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0242692

Axiom
annotated source: skeletal muscle
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: skeletal muscle tissue
has db xref: NCI: C13050

body fat mass
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual‘s fat
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3656665

body mass index
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
has db xref: MSH: D015992
has db xref: NCI: C16358
has db xref: SCTID: 60621009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1305855

Axiom
annotated source: body mass index
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An individual's weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters.
has db xref: NCI: C16358
comment: BMI = body mass / height ²

Axiom
annotated source: body mass index
annotated property: label
annotated target: body mass index @zh
abbreviation: BMI

waist–hip ratio
type: Class
subclass of: skeletal muscle mass
definition: The ratio of the abdominal circumference at the navel to maximum hip and buttocks circumference; looks at the proportion of fat stored on the body around the waist and hip. Carrying extra weight around the waist is a greater health risk than carrying extra weight around the hips or thighs.
has db xref: MSH: D049629
has db xref: NCI: C17651
has db xref: SCTID: 248367009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0205682
has exact synonym: waist hip ratio
has exact synonym: waist to hip ratio
has exact synonym: waist-to-hip ratio
has exact synonym: waist/hip ratio

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The ratio of the abdominal circumference at the navel to maximum hip and buttocks circumference; looks at the proportion of fat stored on the body around the waist and hip. Carrying extra weight around the waist is a greater health risk than carrying extra weight around the hips or thighs.
has db xref: NCI: C17651

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: waist hip ratio
has db xref: MSH: D049629

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: waist to hip ratio
has db xref: MSH: D049629

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: waist-to-hip ratio
has db xref: MSH: D049629

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: waist/hip ratio
has db xref: SCTID: 248367009

Axiom
annotated source: waist–hip ratio
annotated property: label
annotated target: waist–hip ratio @zh
abbreviation: WHR

basal metabolic rate
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: The measurement of a subject's energy expenditure when at rest.
has db xref: MSH: D001481
has db xref: NCI: C126083
has db xref: SCTID: 165109007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0678121

Axiom
annotated source: basal metabolic rate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The measurement of a subject's energy expenditure when at rest.
has db xref: NCI: C126083

Axiom
annotated source: basal metabolic rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: basal metabolic rate @zh
abbreviation: BMR

fasting blood glucose
type: Class
subclass of: health status
has broad synonym: fasting glucose
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_test
has db xref: https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/2380
has exact synonym: fasting blood sugar

Axiom
annotated source: fasting blood glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: fasting blood sugar
abbreviation: FBS
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_test

Axiom
annotated source: fasting blood glucose
annotated property: label
annotated target: fasting blood glucose @zh
abbreviation: FBG

oxygen uptake
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: Oxygen uptake is a measure of a person’s ability to take in oxygen via the respiratory system and deliver it to the working tissues via the cardiovascular system, and the ability of working tissues (predominantly skeletal muscle) to use oxygen.
has db xref: MSH: D010101
has db xref: SCTID: 251832002
has db xref: SCTID: 7928001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0030055
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0429627
has exact synonym: O2 uptake
has exact synonym: oxygen consumption

Axiom
annotated source: oxygen uptake
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Oxygen uptake is a measure of a person’s ability to take in oxygen via the respiratory system and deliver it to the working tissues via the cardiovascular system, and the ability of working tissues (predominantly skeletal muscle) to use oxygen.
has db xref: https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/kinetic-select/oxygen-uptake-and-the-aerobic-and-anaerobic-contributions-to-exercise/

Axiom
annotated source: oxygen uptake
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: O2 uptake
has db xref: SCTID: 251832002

Axiom
annotated source: oxygen uptake
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: oxygen consumption
has db xref: https://www.nsca.com/education/articles/kinetic-select/oxygen-uptake-and-the-aerobic-and-anaerobic-contributions-to-exercise/

Axiom
annotated source: oxygen uptake
annotated property: label
annotated target: oxygen uptake @zh
abbreviation: VO2

right ventricular ejection fraction
type: Class
subclass of: ventricular ejection fraction
definition: Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), is a measure of the efficiency of pumping into the pulmonary circulation.
has db xref: SCTID: 250939002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0428781

Axiom
annotated source: right ventricular ejection fraction
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), is a measure of the efficiency of pumping into the pulmonary circulation.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejection_fraction

Axiom
annotated source: right ventricular ejection fraction
annotated property: label
annotated target: right ventricular ejection fraction @zh
abbreviation: RVEF

maximum oxygen uptake
type: Class
subclass of: oxygen uptake
definition: The highest rate of oxygen consumption a subject reaches during an aerobic capacity test.
has db xref: SCTID: 251898000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0429693
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4727347
has exact synonym: maximal aerobic capacity
has exact synonym: maximal oxygen consumption
has exact synonym: peak oxygen consumption

Axiom
annotated source: maximum oxygen uptake
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The highest rate of oxygen consumption a subject reaches during an aerobic capacity test.
has db xref: NCI:C153553

Axiom
annotated source: maximum oxygen uptake
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: maximal aerobic capacity
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VO2_max

Axiom
annotated source: maximum oxygen uptake
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: maximal oxygen consumption
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VO2_max

Axiom
annotated source: maximum oxygen uptake
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: peak oxygen consumption
has db xref: NCI:C153553

Axiom
annotated source: maximum oxygen uptake
annotated property: label
annotated target: maximum oxygen uptake @zh
abbreviation: VO2 max
abbreviation: VO2 peak

cardiac function
type: Class
subclass of: cardiorespiratory fitness
definition: Functions of pumping the blood in adequate or required amounts and pressure throughout the body.
has db xref: SCTID: 106053004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0232164
has exact synonym: heart function

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac function
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Functions of pumping the blood in adequate or required amounts and pressure throughout the body.
comment: ICF: b410

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac function
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: heart function
has db xref: ICF: b410

pulmonary function
type: Class
subclass of: cardiorespiratory fitness
has db xref: SCTID: 106053004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0231921
has exact synonym: lung function

cardiac output
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The total volume of blood pumped by the heart over a set period of time, conventionally one minute; it is calculated as heart rate times stroke volume (CO= HR x SV), and is additionally dependent on preload and afterload for functional output.
has db xref: MSH: D002302
has db xref: NCI: C119246
has db xref: SCTID: 82799009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0007165

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac output
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The total volume of blood pumped by the heart over a set period of time, conventionally one minute; it is calculated as heart rate times stroke volume (CO= HR x SV), and is additionally dependent on preload and afterload for functional output.
has db xref: NCI: C119246

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac output
annotated property: label
annotated target: cardiac output @zh
abbreviation: CO

cardiac index
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The measure of an individual's cardiac output as divided by their body surface area (CI= CO/BSA). This calculation is a useful function to determine an individual's cardiac performance in relation to their body size, providing an overview of global cardiovascular function.
has db xref: NCI: C119245
has db xref: SCTID: 54993008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0428776

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac index
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The measure of an individual's cardiac output as divided by their body surface area (CI= CO/BSA). This calculation is a useful function to determine an individual's cardiac performance in relation to their body size, providing an overview of global cardiovascular function.
has db xref: NCI: C119245

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac index
annotated property: label
annotated target: cardiac index @zh
abbreviation: CI

stroke volume
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.
has db xref: MSH: D013318
has db xref: NCI: C94989
has db xref: SCTID: 90096001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0038455

Axiom
annotated source: stroke volume
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The amount of BLOOD pumped out of the HEART per beat, not to be confused with cardiac output (volume/time). It is calculated as the difference between the end-diastolic volume and the end-systolic volume.
has db xref: MSH: D013318

Axiom
annotated source: stroke volume
annotated property: label
annotated target: stroke volume @zh
abbreviation: SV

peak filling rate
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: Peak filling rate (PFR) defined as the maximum dV/dt divided by LV end-diastolic volume was obtained as the index of LV diastolic function.
has db xref: PMID: 30650017

Axiom
annotated source: peak filling rate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Peak filling rate (PFR) defined as the maximum dV/dt divided by LV end-diastolic volume was obtained as the index of LV diastolic function.
has db xref: PMID: 30650017

Axiom
annotated source: peak filling rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: peak filling rate @zh
abbreviation: PFR

time to peak filling rate
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The interval, in milliseconds, between the point of minimal ventricular volume and the point at which the peak filling rate occurs is labeled as the time to peak filling rate.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4284945

Axiom
annotated source: time to peak filling rate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The interval, in milliseconds, between the point of minimal ventricular volume and the point at which the peak filling rate occurs is labeled as the time to peak filling rate.
has db xref: PMID: 2198392

Axiom
annotated source: time to peak filling rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: time to peak filling rate @zh
abbreviation: TPFR

vital capacity
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.
has db xref: MSH: D014797
has db xref: SCTID: 268379003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0042834
has exact synonym: lung vital capacity
has exact synonym: vital lung capacity

Axiom
annotated source: vital capacity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.
has db xref: MSH: D014797
comment: VC = TLC -RV

Axiom
annotated source: vital capacity
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: lung vital capacity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0042834

Axiom
annotated source: vital capacity
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: vital lung capacity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0042834

Axiom
annotated source: vital capacity
annotated property: label
annotated target: vital capacity @zh
abbreviation: VC

total lung capacity
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration.
has db xref: MSH: D014109
has db xref: NCI: C111325
has db xref: SCTID: 57566009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0040509

Axiom
annotated source: total lung capacity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration.
has db xref: MSH: D014109
comment: It is the equivalent to each of the following sums: VITAL CAPACITY plus RESIDUAL VOLUME; INSPIRATORY CAPACITY plus FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY; TIDAL VOLUME plus INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus functional residual capacity; or tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume plus EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus residual volume.
comment: TLC = VC +RV

Axiom
annotated source: total lung capacity
annotated property: label
annotated target: total lung capacity @zh
abbreviation: TLC

residual volume
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.
has db xref: MSH: D012115
has db xref: NCI: C89836
has db xref: SCTID: 42457008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0035190

Axiom
annotated source: residual volume
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation.
has db xref: NCI: C89836
comment: RV = TLC - VC

Axiom
annotated source: residual volume
annotated property: label
annotated target: residual volume @zh
abbreviation: RV

maximum voluntary ventilation
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in and blown out over a sustained interval such as 15 or 20 seconds.
has db xref: MSH: D008451
has db xref: SCTID: 251901004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0024967
has exact synonym: maximal breathing capacity
has exact synonym: maximum voluntary ventilation

Axiom
annotated source: maximum voluntary ventilation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in and blown out over a sustained interval such as 15 or 20 seconds.
has db xref: MSH: D008451

Axiom
annotated source: maximum voluntary ventilation
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: maximal breathing capacity
abbreviation: MBC
has db xref: MSH: D008451

Axiom
annotated source: maximum voluntary ventilation
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: maximum voluntary ventilation
has db xref: SCTID: 251901004

Axiom
annotated source: maximum voluntary ventilation
annotated property: label
annotated target: maximum voluntary ventilation @zh
abbreviation: MVV

forced expiratory volume
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: Volume of air that a subject with fully inflated lungs can breathe out per unit time.
has db xref: NCI: C120933
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1306036

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Volume of air that a subject with fully inflated lungs can breathe out per unit time.
has db xref: NCI: C120933

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume
annotated property: label
annotated target: forced expiratory volume @zh
abbreviation: FEV

forced expiratory volume in 1 second
type: Class
subclass of: forced expiratory volume
definition: The volume exhaled during the first second of a forced expiratory maneuver that is started from the level of total lung capacity.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0429706
has exact synonym: forced expired volume in 1 second

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume in 1 second
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: forced expired volume in 1 second
has db xref: SCTID: 59328004

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume in 1 second
annotated property: label
annotated target: forced expiratory volume in 1 second @zh
abbreviation: FEV1
has db xref: FEV 1.0

forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds
type: Class
subclass of: forced expiratory volume
definition: The volume exhaled during the first three seconds of a forced expiratory maneuver that is started from the level of total lung capacity.
has db xref: NCI: C132453
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4330003

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume exhaled during the first three seconds of a forced expiratory maneuver that is started from the level of total lung capacity.
has db xref: NCI: C132453

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds
annotated property: label
annotated target: forced expiratory volume in 3 seconds @zh
abbreviation: FEV3

minute ventilation
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of gas inhaled (inhaled minute volume) or exhaled (exhaled minute volume) from a person's lungs per minute.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1301655
has exact synonym: minute volume
has exact synonym: respiratory minute volume

Axiom
annotated source: minute ventilation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of gas inhaled (inhaled minute volume) or exhaled (exhaled minute volume) from a person's lungs per minute.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute_ventilation

Axiom
annotated source: minute ventilation
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: minute volume
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute_ventilation

Axiom
annotated source: minute ventilation
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: respiratory minute volume
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute_ventilation

Axiom
annotated source: minute ventilation
annotated property: label
annotated target: minute ventilation @zh
abbreviation: MV
abbreviation: VE

forced vital capacity
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled following maximal inhalation.
has db xref: MSH: D014797
has db xref: NCI: C111361
has db xref: SCTID: 50834005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3714541

Axiom
annotated source: forced vital capacity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled following maximal inhalation.
has db xref: NCI: C111361

Axiom
annotated source: forced vital capacity
annotated property: label
annotated target: forced vital capacity @zh
abbreviation: FVC

alveolar ventilation
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: Alveolar ventilation is the exchange of gas between the alveoli and the external environment. It is the process by which oxygen is brought into the lungs from the atmosphere and by which the carbon dioxide carried into the lungs in the mixed venous blood is expelled from the body.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4068542

Axiom
annotated source: alveolar ventilation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Alveolar ventilation is the exchange of gas between the alveoli and the external environment. It is the process by which oxygen is brought into the lungs from the atmosphere and by which the carbon dioxide carried into the lungs in the mixed venous blood is expelled from the body.
has db xref: https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx

Axiom
annotated source: alveolar ventilation
annotated property: label
annotated target: alveolar ventilation @zh
abbreviation: VA

closing volume
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The lung volume at which the dependent lung zones cease to ventilate presumably as a result of airway closure.
has db xref: MSH: D003011
has db xref: SCTID: 251905008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0009050

Axiom
annotated source: closing volume
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The lung volume at which the dependent lung zones cease to ventilate presumably as a result of airway closure.
has db xref: MSH: D003011

Axiom
annotated source: closing volume
annotated property: label
annotated target: closing volume @zh
abbreviation: CV

tidal volume
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle.
has db xref: NCI: C111324
has db xref: SCTID: 13621006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0040210
has exact synonym: lung tidal volume

Axiom
annotated source: tidal volume
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle.
has db xref: MSH: D013990

Axiom
annotated source: tidal volume
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: lung tidal volume
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0040210

Axiom
annotated source: tidal volume
annotated property: label
annotated target: tidal volume @zh
abbreviation: TV
abbreviation: VT

functional residual capacity
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a normal, quiet expiration.
has db xref: MSH: D005652
has db xref: SCTID: 65825000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0016815

Axiom
annotated source: functional residual capacity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a normal, quiet expiration.
has db xref: MSH: D005652
comment: It is the sum of the RESIDUAL VOLUME and the EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME.

Axiom
annotated source: functional residual capacity
annotated property: label
annotated target: functional residual capacity @zh
abbreviation: FRC

forced expiratory flow
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
definition: The flow (or speed) of air coming out of the lung during the middle portion of a forced expiration.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3804964

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory flow
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The flow (or speed) of air coming out of the lung during the middle portion of a forced expiration.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirometry#Forced_expiratory_flow_(FEF)

Axiom
annotated source: forced expiratory flow
annotated property: label
annotated target: forced expiratory flow @zh
abbreviation: FEF

peak expiratory flow rate
type: Class
subclass of: pulmonary function
has db xref: SCTID: 18491006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1542834

Axiom
annotated source: peak expiratory flow rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: peak expiratory flow rate @zh
abbreviation: PEF
abbreviation: PEFR

blood pressure
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: The pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels.
has db xref: MSH: D001794
has db xref: NCI: C54706
has db xref: SCTID: 75367002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005823

Axiom
annotated source: blood pressure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The pressure of the circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels.
has db xref: NCI: C54706

Axiom
annotated source: blood pressure
annotated property: label
annotated target: blood pressure @zh
abbreviation: BP

diastolic blood pressure
type: Class
subclass of: blood pressure
definition: The minimum blood pressure in the systemic arterial circulation during the cardiac cycle.
has db xref: MSH: D001794
has db xref: NCI: C25299
has db xref: SCTID: 271650006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0428883
has exact synonym: diastolic arterial pressure
has exact synonym: diastolic pressure

Axiom
annotated source: diastolic blood pressure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The minimum blood pressure in the systemic arterial circulation during the cardiac cycle.
has db xref: NCI: C25299

Axiom
annotated source: diastolic blood pressure
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: diastolic arterial pressure
abbreviation: DAP
has db xref: SCTID: 271650006

Axiom
annotated source: diastolic blood pressure
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: diastolic pressure
has db xref: MSH: D001794

Axiom
annotated source: diastolic blood pressure
annotated property: label
annotated target: diastolic blood pressure @zh
abbreviation: DBP
abbreviation: DIABP

body temperature
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.
has broad synonym: temperature
has db xref: MSH: D001831
has db xref: NCI: C174446
has db xref: SCTID: 722490005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005903

Axiom
annotated source: body temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.
has db xref: MSH: D001831

Axiom
annotated source: body temperature
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: temperature
has db xref: SCTID: 722490005

Axiom
annotated source: body temperature
annotated property: label
annotated target: body temperature @zh
abbreviation: BT

axillary temperature
type: Class
subclass of: body temperature
definition: Core body temperature measured in axillary region.
has db xref: SCTID: 415882003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1531924

Axiom
annotated source: axillary temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Core body temperature measured in axillary region.
has db xref: SCTID: 415882003

core body temperature
type: Class
subclass of: body temperature
definition: A measurement of the temperature within the deep tissues of the body.
has db xref: NCI: C174370
has db xref: SCTID: 276885007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0456240

Axiom
annotated source: core body temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A measurement of the temperature within the deep tissues of the body.
has db xref: NCI: C174370

Axiom
annotated source: core body temperature
annotated property: label
annotated target: core body temperature @zh
abbreviation: TEMPCB

oral temperature
type: Class
subclass of: body temperature
definition: core body temperature measured in sublingual space
has db xref: SCTID: 415945006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1532216

Axiom
annotated source: oral temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: core body temperature measured in sublingual space
has db xref: SCTID: 415945006

rectal temperature
type: Class
subclass of: body temperature
definition: Core body temperature measured in rectum.
has db xref: SCTID: 307047009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0489749

Axiom
annotated source: rectal temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Core body temperature measured in rectum.
has db xref: SCTID: 307047009

tympanic temperature
type: Class
subclass of: body temperature
definition: Core body temperature measured at tympanic membrane.
has db xref: SCTID: 415974002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1532039
has exact synonym: aural temperature

Axiom
annotated source: tympanic temperature
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Core body temperature measured at tympanic membrane.
has db xref: SCTID: 415974002

Axiom
annotated source: tympanic temperature
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: aural temperature
has db xref: SCTID: 415974002

blood lipid
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: level and type of lipid found in the blood.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0596192

Axiom
annotated source: blood lipid
annotated property: definition
annotated target: level and type of lipid found in the blood.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0596192

pulse rate
type: Class
subclass of: heart rate
definition: The rate of the pulse as observed in an artery, expressed as beats per minute. It can be measured at several anatomic sites, including the wrist, neck, temple, groin, behind the knees, or on top of the foot.
has broad synonym: heart beat
has db xref: MSH: D006339
has db xref: NCI: C25749
has db xref: SCTID: 78564009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0232117
has exact synonym: heart rate measured at systemic artery
has exact synonym: pulse

Axiom
annotated source: pulse rate
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The rate of the pulse as observed in an artery, expressed as beats per minute. It can be measured at several anatomic sites, including the wrist, neck, temple, groin, behind the knees, or on top of the foot.
has db xref: NCI: C25749

Axiom
annotated source: pulse rate
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: heart beat
has db xref: MSH: D006339

Axiom
annotated source: pulse rate
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: heart rate measured at systemic artery
has db xref: SCTID: 78564009

Axiom
annotated source: pulse rate
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: pulse
has db xref: NCI: C25749

Axiom
annotated source: pulse rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: pulse rate @zh
abbreviation: PR

resting heart rate
type: Class
subclass of: heart rate
has db xref: The number of times heart beats per minute when a person is at rest – such as relaxed, sitting or lying down.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1821417

Axiom
annotated source: resting heart rate
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: The number of times heart beats per minute when a person is at rest – such as relaxed, sitting or lying down.
has db xref: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/resting-heart-rate

peak heart rate during exercise testing
type: Class
subclass of: heart rate
definition: The maxium number of times heart beats per minute during exercise test.
has db xref: PMID: 20146781
has db xref: PMID: 23877260

systolic blood pressure
type: Class
subclass of: blood pressure
has db xref: MSH: D001794
has db xref: NCI: C25298
has db xref: SCTID: 72313002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0871470
has exact synonym: systolic arterial pressure
has exact synonym: systolic pressure

Axiom
annotated source: systolic blood pressure
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: systolic arterial pressure
abbreviation: SAP
has db xref: SCTID: 72313002

Axiom
annotated source: systolic blood pressure
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: systolic pressure
has db xref: MSH: D001794

Axiom
annotated source: systolic blood pressure
annotated property: label
annotated target: systolic blood pressure @zh
abbreviation: SBP
abbreviation: SYSBP

heart rate
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: A measurement that describes the frequency of rate of contractions of the systemic (often left) ventricle measured within a unit time.
has db xref: MSH: D006339
has db xref: NCI: C49677
has db xref: SCTID: 364075005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0018810
has exact synonym: cardiac rate

Axiom
annotated source: heart rate
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cardiac rate
has db xref: MSH: D006339
has db xref: SCTID: 364075005

Axiom
annotated source: heart rate
annotated property: label
annotated target: heart rate @zh
abbreviation: HR

total cholesterol
type: Class
subclass of: blood lipid
definition: Total cholesterol is defined as the sum of HDL, LDL, and VLDL. Usually, only the total, HDL, and triglycerides are measured.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0543421
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol

Axiom
annotated source: total cholesterol
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Total cholesterol is defined as the sum of HDL, LDL, and VLDL. Usually, only the total, HDL, and triglycerides are measured.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol

Axiom
annotated source: total cholesterol
annotated property: label
annotated target: total cholesterol @zh
abbreviation: TC

triglyceride
type: Class
subclass of: blood lipid
definition: Fats composed of three fatty acid chains linked to a glycerol molecule.
has db xref: MSH: D014280
has db xref: NCI: C906
has db xref: SCTID: 85600001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0041004

Axiom
annotated source: triglyceride
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fats composed of three fatty acid chains linked to a glycerol molecule.
has db xref: NCI: C906

Axiom
annotated source: triglyceride
annotated property: label
annotated target: triglyceride @zh
abbreviation: TG

high density liptein cholesterol
type: Class
subclass of: blood lipid
definition: Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.
has db xref: MSH: D008076
has db xref: STCID: 102737005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0023822

Axiom
annotated source: high density liptein cholesterol
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), including CHOLESTEROL ESTERS and free cholesterol.
has db xref: MSH: D008076

Axiom
annotated source: high density liptein cholesterol
annotated property: label
annotated target: high density liptein cholesterol @zh
abbreviation: HDL cholesterol
abbreviation: HDLC

low density lipoprotein cholesterol
type: Class
subclass of: blood lipid
definition: Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to low density lipoproteins (LDL), including cholesterol esters and free cholesterol.
has db xref: MSH: D008078
has db xref: SCTID: 102739008

Axiom
annotated source: low density lipoprotein cholesterol
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cholesterol which is contained in or bound to low density lipoproteins (LDL), including cholesterol esters and free cholesterol.
has db xref: MSH: D008078

Axiom
annotated source: low density lipoprotein cholesterol
annotated property: label
annotated target: low density lipoprotein cholesterol @zh
abbreviation: LDL cholesterol
abbreviation: LDLC

muscle strength
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
definition: The amount of force generated by MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Muscle strength can be measured during isometric, isotonic, or isokinetic contraction, either manually or using a device such as a MUSCLE STRENGTH DYNAMOMETER.
has db xref: MSH: D053580
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0517349

Axiom
annotated source: muscle strength
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: UMLS CUI: C0517349
has db xref: MSH: D053580

muscle endurance
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
definition: Muscular endurance refers to how long muscles can sustain exercise.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0517355

Axiom
annotated source: muscle endurance
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: UMLS CUI: C0517355
has db xref: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/muscular-endurance

exergaming
type: Class
subclass of: home exercise
definition: video games that are also a form of exercise
has exact synonym: exer-gaming
has exact synonym: exergame
has exact synonym: fitness game
has exact synonym: gamercising

Axiom
annotated source: exergaming
annotated property: definition
annotated target: video games that are also a form of exercise
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergaming

Axiom
annotated source: exergaming
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exer-gaming
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergaming

Axiom
annotated source: exergaming
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exergame
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergaming

Axiom
annotated source: exergaming
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: fitness game
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergaming

Axiom
annotated source: exergaming
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: gamercising
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exergaming

home exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: exercise at home

athletic injury
type: Class
subclass of: injury
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causally downstream of
  some values from: physical activity
definition: Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.
has db xref: MSH: D001265
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0004161
has exact synonym: athletics injury
has exact synonym: sports injury
has related synonym: sports-related Injury

Axiom
annotated source: athletic injury
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Injuries incurred during participation in competitive or non-competitive sports.
has db xref: MSH: D001265

Axiom
annotated source: athletic injury
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: athletics injury
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0004161

Axiom
annotated source: athletic injury
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: sports injury
has db xref: MSH: D001265

physical therapy exercise
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: exercise
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: integral_part_of
    some values from: physical therapy
subclass of: exercise
definition: A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.
has db xref: MSH: D005081
has db xref: SCTID: 229065009
has db xref: SCTID: 51998003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0452240
has exact synonym: exercise therapy
has exact synonym: rehabilitation exercise
has exact synonym: remedial exercise
has exact synonym: therapeutic exercise

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.
has db xref: MSH: D005081

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exercise therapy
has db xref: MSH: D005081
has db xref: SCTID: 229065009

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: rehabilitation exercise
has db xref: MSH: D005081

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: remedial exercise
has db xref: MSH: D005081

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: therapeutic exercise
has db xref: SCTID: 51998003

exercise volume
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

exercise progression
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise

electrocardiogram
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function
definition: a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0013798

Axiom
annotated source: electrocardiogram
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a graph of voltage versus time of the electrical activity of the heart
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography

Axiom
annotated source: electrocardiogram
annotated property: label
annotated target: electrocardiogram @zh
abbreviation: ECG
abbreviation: EKG

questionnaire
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
definition: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.
has db xref: MSH: D011795
has db xref: NCI: C17048
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0034394

Axiom
annotated source: questionnaire
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.
has db xref: MSH: D011795

risk stratification
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
definition: a technique for systematically categorizing patients based on their health status and other factors
has db xref: PMID: 31083868

Axiom
annotated source: risk stratification
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a technique for systematically categorizing patients based on their health status and other factors
has db xref: PMID: 31083868

physical fitness testing
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
has broad synonym: fitness assessment
has broad synonym: fitness test
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4279961

Axiom
annotated source: physical fitness testing
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: fitness assessment
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

Axiom
annotated source: physical fitness testing
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: fitness test
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

general health evaluation
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

body composition testing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

cardiovascular endurance testing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

strength and endurance testing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

flexibility testing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

12-minute run test
type: Class
subclass of: cardiovascular endurance testing

exercise stress test
type: Class
subclass of: cardiovascular endurance testing
definition: Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.
has db xref: MSH: D005080
has db xref: NCI: C168192
has db xref: SCTID: 165079009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0015260
has exact synonym: exercise cardiac stress test
has exact synonym: exercise tolerance test
has related synonym: exercise test
has related synonym: exercise testing

Axiom
annotated source: exercise stress test
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Controlled physical activity which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used.
has db xref: MSH: D005080

Axiom
annotated source: exercise stress test
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exercise cardiac stress test
has db xref: NCI: C168192

Axiom
annotated source: exercise stress test
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: exercise tolerance test
has db xref: SCTID: 165079009

Axiom
annotated source: exercise stress test
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: exercise test
has db xref: MSH: D005080
has db xref: SCTID: 165079009

Axiom
annotated source: exercise stress test
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: exercise testing
has db xref: MSH: D005080

VO2 max testing
type: Class
subclass of: cardiovascular endurance testing
comment: measure maximum rate of oxygen consumption during an activity

Axiom
annotated source: VO2 max testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: measure maximum rate of oxygen consumption during an activity
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

muscle endurance testing
type: Class
subclass of: strength and endurance testing
comment: measures the length of time a muscle group can contract and release before it fatigues

Axiom
annotated source: muscle endurance testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: measures the length of time a muscle group can contract and release before it fatigues
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

shoulder flexibility testing
type: Class
subclass of: flexibility testing
has exact synonym: zipper test
comment: evaluate the flexibility and mobility of shoulder joint

Axiom
annotated source: shoulder flexibility testing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: zipper test
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

Axiom
annotated source: shoulder flexibility testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: evaluate the flexibility and mobility of shoulder joint
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

sit-and-reach testing
type: Class
subclass of: flexibility testing
comment: measure tightness in lower back and hamstring muscles

Axiom
annotated source: sit-and-reach testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: measure tightness in lower back and hamstring muscles
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

trunk lift testing
type: Class
subclass of: flexibility testing
comment: measure tightness in lower back

Axiom
annotated source: trunk lift testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: measure tightness in lower back
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

bioelectric impedance analysis
type: Class
subclass of: body composition testing
definition: A method to assess body composition, i.e., the relative percentages of body weight comprised of fat tissue and lean body mass. It is based on the principle that the resistance to an applied electric current is inversely related to the amount of lean body mass within the body. Impedance is greatest in fat tissue, which contains only 10-20% water, while lean body mass, which contains 70-75% water, allows the signal to pass much more easily.
has db xref: NCI: C43545
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1704746
has exact synonym: bioelectric impedance
has exact synonym: bioelectrical impedance analysis
has exact synonym: bioimpedance analysis
comment: estimate body composition

Axiom
annotated source: bioelectric impedance analysis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A method to assess body composition, i.e., the relative percentages of body weight comprised of fat tissue and lean body mass. It is based on the principle that the resistance to an applied electric current is inversely related to the amount of lean body mass within the body. Impedance is greatest in fat tissue, which contains only 10-20% water, while lean body mass, which contains 70-75% water, allows the signal to pass much more easily.
has db xref: NCI: C43545

Axiom
annotated source: bioelectric impedance analysis
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: bioelectric impedance
has db xref: NCI: C43545

Axiom
annotated source: bioelectric impedance analysis
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: bioelectrical impedance analysis
has db xref: NCI: C43545

Axiom
annotated source: bioelectric impedance analysis
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: bioimpedance analysis
has db xref: NCI: C43545

Axiom
annotated source: bioelectric impedance analysis
annotated property: comment
annotated target: estimate body composition
has db xref: NCI: C43545

skinfold measurement
type: Class
subclass of: body composition testing
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1963769

strength testing
type: Class
subclass of: strength and endurance testing
comment: measure the maximal amount of force a muscle group can exert at one time

Axiom
annotated source: strength testing
annotated property: comment
annotated target: measure the maximal amount of force a muscle group can exert at one time
has db xref: https://www.verywellfit.com/what-a-fitness-test-can-tell-you-about-your-health-3120283

push-up test
type: Class
subclass of: strength and endurance testing

core strength and stability test
type: Class
subclass of: strength and endurance testing

joint mobility exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Use of active or passive body movement to maintain or restore joint flexibility
has db xref: SCTID: 386294003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0419122

Axiom
annotated source: joint mobility exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Use of active or passive body movement to maintain or restore joint flexibility
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0419122

ankle mobility exercise
type: Class
subclass of: joint mobility exercise

hip joint exercise
type: Class
subclass of: joint mobility exercise
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0846692

muscular strength development exercise
type: Class
subclass of: strength training
has db xref: SCTID: 6397004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0452260
has exact synonym: strengthening activity
has exact synonym: strengthening exercise

Axiom
annotated source: muscular strength development exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: strengthening activity
has db xref: SCTID: 6397004

Axiom
annotated source: muscular strength development exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: strengthening exercise
comment: SCTID: 6397004

lower limb strength training
type: Class
subclass of: muscular strength development exercise

core training
type: Class
subclass of: muscular strength development exercise

jumping exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C5387952

running exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise

cardiopulmonary exercise test
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
definition: A clinical tool to evaluate exercise capacity and to assess cardiac function under stress.
has db xref: MSH: D005080
has db xref: NCI: C116517
has db xref: SCTID: 447346005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2959886
has exact synonym: cardiopulmonary exercise testing

Axiom
annotated source: cardiopulmonary exercise test
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A clinical tool to evaluate exercise capacity and to assess cardiac function under stress.
has db xref: NCI: C116517

Axiom
annotated source: cardiopulmonary exercise test
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cardiopulmonary exercise testing
has db xref: MSH: D005080

Axiom
annotated source: cardiopulmonary exercise test
annotated property: label
annotated target: cardiopulmonary exercise test @zh
abbreviation: CPET

cardiopulmonary exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise

balance exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Use of specific activities, postures, and movements to maintain, enhance, or restore balance
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0150219

agility exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise

flexibility exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise

functional movement screen
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
has db xref: PMID: 28360142

Axiom
annotated source: functional movement screen
annotated property: label
annotated target: functional movement screen @zh
abbreviation: FMS

selective functional movement assessment
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
definition: The SFMA is a clinical model used to assist diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by identifying dysfunctions in movement patterns.
abbreviation: SFMA

Axiom
annotated source: selective functional movement assessment
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The SFMA is a clinical model used to assist diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by identifying dysfunctions in movement patterns.
has db xref: https://www.physio-pedia.com/Selective_Functional_Movement_Assessment_(SFMA)

Axiom
annotated source: selective functional movement assessment
annotated property: abbreviation
annotated target: SFMA
has db xref: https://www.physio-pedia.com/Selective_Functional_Movement_Assessment_(SFMA)

Y-balance test
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
definition: a simple, yet reliable, test used to measure dynamic balance
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C5389416

Axiom
annotated source: Y-balance test
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a simple, yet reliable, test used to measure dynamic balance
has db xref: PMID: 25761134

hop test
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
has exact synonym: hopping

drop jump landing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing

physical fitness
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.
has db xref: MSH: D010809
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0031812

Axiom
annotated source: physical fitness
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning.
has db xref: MSH: D010809

cardiorespiratory fitness
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness
definition: The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver blood and oxygen to the tissues during aerobic activity. It is a general measure of the relative conditioning of the heart and respiratory system.
has db xref: MSH: D000072599
has db xref: NCI: C88164
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2981722

Axiom
annotated source: cardiorespiratory fitness
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver blood and oxygen to the tissues during aerobic activity. It is a general measure of the relative conditioning of the heart and respiratory system.
has db xref: NCI: C88164

Axiom
annotated source: cardiorespiratory fitness
annotated property: label
annotated target: cardiorespiratory fitness @zh
abbreviation: CRF

flexibility
type: Class
subclass of: morphplogical fitness

rating of perceived exertion
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: A scale for a subject to rate their perception of the intensity of their own physical effort.
has db xref: NCI: C122028
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4050303

Axiom
annotated source: rating of perceived exertion
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A scale for a subject to rate their perception of the intensity of their own physical effort.
comment: NCI: C122028

Axiom
annotated source: rating of perceived exertion
annotated property: label
annotated target: rating of perceived exertion @zh
abbreviation: RPE

tummy time
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Tummy time is a colloquialism for placing infant children in the prone position while awake and supervised, to encourage development of the neck and trunk muscles and prevent skull deformations.

Axiom
annotated source: tummy time
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tummy time is a colloquialism for placing infant children in the prone position while awake and supervised, to encourage development of the neck and trunk muscles and prevent skull deformations.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tummy_time

maximal aerobic power
type: Class
subclass of: cardiorespiratory fitness
definition: the maximum rate at which oxygen can be used during a specified period, usually during intense exercise

Axiom
annotated source: maximal aerobic power
annotated property: definition
annotated target: the maximum rate at which oxygen can be used during a specified period, usually during intense exercise
has db xref: https://journals.lww.com/acsm-healthfitness/Fulltext/2011/11000/Maximal_Aerobic_Power__An_Important_Clinical_and.12.aspx#:~:text=Maximal%20aerobic%20power%20describes%20the%20functional%20capacity%20of,to%20remove%20and%20use%20oxygen%20from%20the%20blood.
comment: Maximal aerobic power describes the functional capacity of the cardiorespiratory system.

submaximal endurance
type: Class
subclass of: cardiorespiratory fitness
definition: submaximal endurance capacity. increased by endurance training. average absolute power output a person can maintain during a fixed period of time on cycle ergometer, OR average speed a person can maintain during a fixed period of time.
has exact synonym: submaximal endurance capacity

Axiom
annotated source: submaximal endurance
annotated property: definition
annotated target: submaximal endurance capacity. increased by endurance training. average absolute power output a person can maintain during a fixed period of time on cycle ergometer, OR average speed a person can maintain during a fixed period of time.
has db xref: https://askingthelot.com/what-is-a-submaximal-exercise/#what_is_submaximal_endurance_capacity

Axiom
annotated source: submaximal endurance
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: submaximal endurance capacity
has db xref: https://askingthelot.com/what-is-a-submaximal-exercise/#what_is_submaximal_endurance_capacity

morphplogical fitness
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness
definition: A non-performance component of physical fitness related to body composition factors such as body circumferences, body fat content and regional body fat distribution.

Axiom
annotated source: morphplogical fitness
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A non-performance component of physical fitness related to body composition factors such as body circumferences, body fat content and regional body fat distribution.
has db xref: www.health-galaxy.com/components-of-physical-fitness.html

body fat distribution
type: Class
subclass of: morphplogical fitness
definition: Deposits of ADIPOSE TISSUE throughout the body. The pattern of fat deposits in the body regions is an indicator of health status. Excess ABDOMINAL FAT increases health risks more than excess fat around the hips or thighs, therefore, WAIST-HIP RATIO is often used to determine health risks.
has db xref: MSH: D050218
has db xref: SCTID: 248303006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0424621
has exact synonym: body fat patterning
has exact synonym: distribution of body fat

Axiom
annotated source: body fat distribution
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Deposits of ADIPOSE TISSUE throughout the body. The pattern of fat deposits in the body regions is an indicator of health status. Excess ABDOMINAL FAT increases health risks more than excess fat around the hips or thighs, therefore, WAIST-HIP RATIO is often used to determine health risks.
has db xref: MSH: D050218

Axiom
annotated source: body fat distribution
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: body fat patterning
has db xref: MSH: D050218

Axiom
annotated source: body fat distribution
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: distribution of body fat
has db xref: SCTID: 248303006

bone density
type: Class
subclass of: morphplogical fitness
definition: The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.
has db xref: MSH: D015519
has db xref: SCTID: 309091000009100
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005938
has exact synonym: bone mineral density
has related synonym: bone mass
has related synonym: mass of bone

Axiom
annotated source: bone density
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The amount of mineral per square centimeter of BONE. This is the definition used in clinical practice. Actual bone density would be expressed in grams per milliliter. It is most frequently measured by X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY or TOMOGRAPHY, X RAY COMPUTED. Bone density is an important predictor for OSTEOPOROSIS.
has db xref: MSH: D015519

Axiom
annotated source: bone density
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: bone mineral density
abbreviation: BMD
has db xref: MSH: D015519

Axiom
annotated source: bone density
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: bone mass
has db xref: SCTID: 309091000009100

Axiom
annotated source: bone density
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: mass of bone
has db xref: SCTID: 309091000009100

muscular fitness
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness
definition: Muscular fitness is a general term that describes the general health, strength, and endurance of one's muscles.

Axiom
annotated source: muscular fitness
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Muscular fitness is a general term that describes the general health, strength, and endurance of one's muscles.
has db xref: www.thehealthboard.com/what-is-muscular-fitness.htm

muscular power
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
definition: Muscular power is mainly determined by muscular strength, maximum movement velocity, and neuromuscular activation.

Axiom
annotated source: muscular power
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Muscular power is mainly determined by muscular strength, maximum movement velocity, and neuromuscular activation.
has db xref: PMID: 19675484

explosive strength
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
definition: Explosive strength, a component of speed strength, refers to acceleration or rate of force development, or "the neuromuscular system's ability to generate high action velocities ."

Axiom
annotated source: explosive strength
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Explosive strength, a component of speed strength, refers to acceleration or rate of force development, or "the neuromuscular system's ability to generate high action velocities ."
has db xref: athletics.fandom.com/wiki/Explosive_Strength

isometric strength
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
definition: Isometric strength is defined as the capacity to produce force or torque with a voluntary isometric (muscle[s] maintain[s] a constant length) contraction.

Axiom
annotated source: isometric strength
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Isometric strength is defined as the capacity to produce force or torque with a voluntary isometric (muscle[s] maintain[s] a constant length) contraction.
has db xref: https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/9182

metabolic fitness
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness

glucose tolerance
type: Class
subclass of: metabolic fitness
definition: physiological ability of the body to properly metabolize glucose.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0178665

lipid metabolism
type: Class
subclass of: metabolic fitness
definition: Anabolic and catabolic biochemical changes to lipids within a cell as materials needed for important life processes.
has db xref: MSH: D050356
has db xref: NCI: C19405
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0598783
has related synonym: lipid metabolic process

Axiom
annotated source: lipid metabolism
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Anabolic and catabolic biochemical changes to lipids within a cell as materials needed for important life processes.
has db xref: NCI: C19405

Axiom
annotated source: lipid metabolism
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: lipid metabolic process
has db xref: NCI: C19405

motor fitness
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness
definition: Motor fitness is a term that describes an athlete’s ability to perform effectively during sports or other physical activity.

Axiom
annotated source: motor fitness
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Motor fitness is a term that describes an athlete’s ability to perform effectively during sports or other physical activity.
has db xref: https://www.thehealthboard.com/what-is-motor-fitness.htm

agility
type: Class
subclass of: motor fitness
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0237464
has exact synonym: Agility is an ability to change the body's position efficiently and requires the integration of isolated movement skills using a combination of balance, coordination, speed, reflexes, strength and endurance.
has exact synonym: nimbleness
has exact synonym: physical agility

Axiom
annotated source: agility
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Agility is an ability to change the body's position efficiently and requires the integration of isolated movement skills using a combination of balance, coordination, speed, reflexes, strength and endurance.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agility

balance
type: Class
subclass of: motor fitness
definition: Balance is an ability to maintain the line of gravity (vertical line from centre of mass) of a body within the base of support with minimal postural sway.

Axiom
annotated source: balance
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Balance is an ability to maintain the line of gravity (vertical line from centre of mass) of a body within the base of support with minimal postural sway.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_(ability)

coordination
type: Class
subclass of: motor fitness
definition: Motor coordination is the orchestrated movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions.
has exact synonym: motor coordination

Axiom
annotated source: coordination
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Motor coordination is the orchestrated movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_coordination

speed of movement
type: Class
subclass of: motor fitness
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0517932

metabolic equivalent of task
type: Class
subclass of: generically dependent continuant
definition: A mathematic formula used to estimate individual oxygen consumption, and thus energy expenditure, at rest and for various physical activities.
has db xref: NCI: C89729
has db xref: SCTID: 698834005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2983100

Axiom
annotated source: metabolic equivalent of task
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A mathematic formula used to estimate individual oxygen consumption, and thus energy expenditure, at rest and for various physical activities.
has db xref: NCI: C89729

Axiom
annotated source: metabolic equivalent of task
annotated property: label
annotated target: metabolic equivalent of task @zh
abbreviation: MET

sleep
type: Class
subclass of: process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: person
definition: A readily reversible suspension of sensorimotor interaction with the environment, usually associated with recumbency and immobility.
has db xref: MSH: D012890
has db xref: NCI: C73425
has db xref: SCTID: 258158006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0037313

Axiom
annotated source: sleep
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A readily reversible suspension of sensorimotor interaction with the environment, usually associated with recumbency and immobility.
has db xref: MSH: D012890

resistance training
type: Class
subclass of: anaerobic exercise
definition: A type of strength-building exercise program that requires the body muscle to exert a force against some form of resistance, such as weight, stretch bands, water, or immovable objects. Resistance exercise is a combination of static and dynamic contractions involving shortening and lengthening of skeletal muscles.
has db xref: MSH: D055070
has db xref: NCI: C154219
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0872279
has narrow synonym: strength tarining
has narrow synonym: strength train
has related synonym: resistance exercise

Axiom
annotated source: resistance training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A type of strength-building exercise program that requires the body muscle to exert a force against some form of resistance, such as weight, stretch bands, water, or immovable objects. Resistance exercise is a combination of static and dynamic contractions involving shortening and lengthening of skeletal muscles.
has db xref: MSH: D055070

Axiom
annotated source: resistance training
annotated property: hasNarrowSynonym
annotated target: strength tarining
has db xref: NCI: C154219

stretching exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: A physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's elasticity.
has broad synonym: stretch
has broad synonym: stretching
has db xref: NCI: C154225
has db xref: SCTID: 386292004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0600080
has exact synonym: stretch exercise

Axiom
annotated source: stretching exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's elasticity.
comment: NCI: C154225

aerobics
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: stretching exercise
definition: Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness (flexibility, muscular strength, and cardio-vascular fitness).
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3842693
has exact synonym: aerobic dance
has exact synonym: aerobic dancing

Axiom
annotated source: aerobics
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness (flexibility, muscular strength, and cardio-vascular fitness).
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobics

Axiom
annotated source: aerobics
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: aerobic dancing
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3842693

badminton
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: badminton racket
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: shuttlecock
definition: Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0004678

Axiom
annotated source: badminton
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badminton

basketball game
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: basketball
definition: A competitive team sport played on a rectangular court having a raised basket at each end.
has db xref: MSH: D001490
has db xref: SCTID: 25731005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0004818
has exact synonym: Basketball

Axiom
annotated source: basketball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A competitive team sport played on a rectangular court having a raised basket at each end.
has db xref: MSH: D001490

Axiom
annotated source: basketball game
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Basketball
has db xref: SCTID: 25731005
comment: MSH: D001490

boxing
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: A two-person sport in which the fists are skillfully used to attack and defend.
has db xref: MSH: D001914
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0006080

Axiom
annotated source: boxing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A two-person sport in which the fists are skillfully used to attack and defend.
has db xref: MSH: D001914

mind/body exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: A form of exercise that combines body movement with mental focus and controlled breathing to improve strength, balance, flexibility, and overall health. Examples of mind/body exercises are yoga, tai chi, and qigong.
has db xref: NCI: C93097
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2985433
has exact synonym: mind-body exercise

Axiom
annotated source: mind/body exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A form of exercise that combines body movement with mental focus and controlled breathing to improve strength, balance, flexibility, and overall health. Examples of mind/body exercises are yoga, tai chi, and qigong.
has db xref: NCI: C93097

yoga
type: Class
subclass of: mind/body exercise
definition: Yoga as exercise is a physical activity consisting mainly of postures, often connected by flowing sequences, sometimes accompanied by breathing exercises, and frequently ending with relaxation lying down or meditation.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2979879
has exact synonym: yoga activity

Axiom
annotated source: yoga
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Yoga as exercise is a physical activity consisting mainly of postures, often connected by flowing sequences, sometimes accompanied by breathing exercises, and frequently ending with relaxation lying down or meditation.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise

Axiom
annotated source: yoga
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: yoga activity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2979879

tai ji
type: Class
subclass of: mind/body exercise
definition: A form of traditional Chinese mind/body exercise and meditation that uses slow sets of body movements and controlled breathing. Tai chi is done to improve balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health.
has db xref: MSH: D026302
has db xref: SCTID: 30900002
has exact synonym: T'ai Chi
has exact synonym: Tai Chi
has exact synonym: Tai Chi Chuan
has exact synonym: Tai Ji
has exact synonym: Tai Ji Quan
has exact synonym: Tai-chi
has exact synonym: Tai-ji
has exact synonym: Taiji
has exact synonym: Taijiquan

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A form of traditional Chinese mind/body exercise and meditation that uses slow sets of body movements and controlled breathing. Tai chi is done to improve balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health.
has db xref: NCI: C93099

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: T'ai Chi
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai Chi
has db xref: MSH: D026302
has db xref: NCI: C93099

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai Chi Chuan
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai Ji
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai Ji Quan
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai-chi
has db xref: SCTID: 30900002

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Tai-ji
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Taiji
has db xref: MSH: D026302

Axiom
annotated source: tai ji
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Taijiquan
has db xref: MSH: D026302

qigong
type: Class
subclass of: mind/body exercise
definition: A form of traditional Chinese mind/body exercise and meditation that uses slow and precise body movements with controlled breathing and mental focusing to improve balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health.
has db xref: MSH: D064906
has db xref: NCI: C93098
has db xref: SCTID: 733449008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0282077
has exact synonym: Ch'i Kung
has exact synonym: Qi Gong
has exact synonym: Qigong

Axiom
annotated source: qigong
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A form of traditional Chinese mind/body exercise and meditation that uses slow and precise body movements with controlled breathing and mental focusing to improve balance, flexibility, muscle strength, and overall health.
has db xref: NCI: C93098

Axiom
annotated source: qigong
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Ch'i Kung
is defined by: MSH: D064906

Axiom
annotated source: qigong
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Qi Gong
has db xref: MSH: D064906
has db xref: SCTID: 733449008

Axiom
annotated source: qigong
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Qigong
has db xref: MSH: D064906
has db xref: NCI: C93098
has db xref: SCTID: 733449008

bicycling
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: bicycle
definition: Riding a bicycle for transportation or recreation.
has broad synonym: bike
has db xref: MSH: D001642
has db xref: NCI: C85401
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005377
has exact synonym: cycling

Axiom
annotated source: bicycling
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Riding a bicycle for transportation or recreation.
has db xref: NCI: C85401

Axiom
annotated source: bicycling
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: bike
has db xref: NCI: C85401

long-distance running
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
has exact synonym: Long-distance running is a form of continuous running over distances of at least 3 km (1.9 mi).
has exact synonym: endurance running

Axiom
annotated source: long-distance running
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Long-distance running is a form of continuous running over distances of at least 3 km (1.9 mi).
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-distance_running

Axiom
annotated source: long-distance running
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: endurance running
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-distance_running

gate ball
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
definition: Gateball is a mallet team sport inspired by croquet.

Axiom
annotated source: gate ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Gateball is a mallet team sport inspired by croquet.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gateball

hiking
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Hiking is a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails or footpaths in the countryside.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4255280

Axiom
annotated source: hiking
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Hiking is a long, vigorous walk, usually on trails or footpaths in the countryside.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiking

hiking in mountains
type: Class
subclass of: hiking
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2030962
has exact synonym: hiking uphill
has exact synonym: uphill hiking

hiking on flat ground
type: Class
subclass of: hiking

jogging
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being.
has db xref: NCI: C85398
has db xref: SCTID: 1968006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0022400
has exact synonym: MSH: D007590
has exact synonym: jog

Axiom
annotated source: jogging
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being.
has db xref: MSH: D007590

Axiom
annotated source: jogging
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: jog
has db xref: NCI: C85398

swimming
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: The act of propelling the body through water by movement of the arms and/or legs.
has db xref: MSH: D013550
has db xref: NCI: C94738
has db xref: SCTID: 20461001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0039003
has exact synonym: swim

Axiom
annotated source: swimming
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The act of propelling the body through water by movement of the arms and/or legs.
has db xref: NCI: C94738

Axiom
annotated source: swimming
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: swim
has db xref: NCI: C94738

walking
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: The act of traveling by foot.
has db xref: MSH: D016138
has db xref: NCI: C73554
has db xref: SCTID: 129006008
has db xref: SCTID: 870595007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0080331
has exact synonym: ambulation
has exact synonym: by foot
has exact synonym: on foot
has exact synonym: walk

Axiom
annotated source: walking
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The act of traveling by foot.
has db xref: NCI: C73554

Axiom
annotated source: walking
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: ambulation
has db xref: NCI: C73554

Axiom
annotated source: walking
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: by foot
has db xref: NCI: C73554

Axiom
annotated source: walking
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: on foot
has db xref: NCI: C73554

Axiom
annotated source: walking
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: walk
has db xref: NCI: C73554

morderate walking
type: Class
subclass of: walking
has exact synonym: moderate walk
has exact synonym: morderate-intensity walking

brisk walking
type: Class
subclass of: walking
definition: Brisk walking is a type of exercise where a person walks quickly in order to increase the heart rate and get in shape.
has exact synonym: brisk walk
has related synonym: speed walking

Axiom
annotated source: brisk walking
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Brisk walking is a type of exercise where a person walks quickly in order to increase the heart rate and get in shape.
has db xref: https://www.thehealthboard.com/what-is-brisk-walking.htm

dancing
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: A physical activity that consists of moving your feet and body rhythmically, usually in response to music.
has db xref: MSH: D003615
has db xref: NCI: C172269
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0010963
has exact synonym: dance

Axiom
annotated source: dancing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A physical activity that consists of moving your feet and body rhythmically, usually in response to music.
has db xref: NCI: C172269

Axiom
annotated source: dancing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: dance
has db xref: MSH: D003615

fencing
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Fencing is a group of three related combat sports. The three disciplines in modern fencing are the foil, the épée, and the sabre (also saber); winning points are made through the weapon's contact with an opponent.

Axiom
annotated source: fencing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fencing is a group of three related combat sports. The three disciplines in modern fencing are the foil, the épée, and the sabre (also saber); winning points are made through the weapon's contact with an opponent.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fencing

golf
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: golf ball
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: golf club
definition: A game whose object is to sink a ball into each of 9 or 18 successive holes on a golf course using as few strokes as possible.
has db xref: MSH: D006055
has exact synonym: golfing

Axiom
annotated source: golf
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A game whose object is to sink a ball into each of 9 or 18 successive holes on a golf course using as few strokes as possible.
has db xref: MSH: D006055

Axiom
annotated source: golf
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: golfing
has db xref: SCTID: 15530008

netball game
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: netball
definition: Netball is a ball sport played by two teams of seven players.
has broad synonym: netball
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0840974

Axiom
annotated source: netball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Netball is a ball sport played by two teams of seven players.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netball

table tennis
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: table tennis racket
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: table tennis ball
definition: Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff-whaff, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball, also known as the ping-pong ball, back and forth across a table using small rackets.
has exact synonym: ping-pong
has exact synonym: whiff-whaff

Axiom
annotated source: table tennis
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff-whaff, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball, also known as the ping-pong ball, back and forth across a table using small rackets.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_tennis

Axiom
annotated source: table tennis
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: ping-pong
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_tennis

Axiom
annotated source: table tennis
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: whiff-whaff
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_tennis

skiing
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: ski
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: ski pole
definition: A snow sport which uses skis to glide over the snow.
has db xref: MSH: D012865
has db xref: SCTID: 45033006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0037264
has exact synonym: snow skiing

Axiom
annotated source: skiing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A snow sport which uses skis to glide over the snow.
has db xref: MSH: D012865
comment: It does not include water-skiing.

Axiom
annotated source: skiing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: snow skiing
has db xref: MSH: D012865

alpine skiing
type: Class
subclass of: skiing
definition: Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the pastime of sliding down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings, unlike other types of skiing (cross-country, Telemark, or ski jumping), which use skis with free-heel bindings.
has exact synonym: alpine ski
has exact synonym: downhill skiing
has exact synonym: ski slope

Axiom
annotated source: alpine skiing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the pastime of sliding down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings, unlike other types of skiing (cross-country, Telemark, or ski jumping), which use skis with free-heel bindings.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_skiing

Axiom
annotated source: alpine skiing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: alpine ski
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_skiing

Axiom
annotated source: alpine skiing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: downhill skiing
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_skiing

Axiom
annotated source: alpine skiing
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: ski slope
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_skiing

cross-country skiing
type: Class
subclass of: skiing
definition: Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2712399
has exact synonym: cross country skiing

Axiom
annotated source: cross-country skiing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-country_skiing

taekwondo
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Taekwondo is a Korean form of martial arts, characterized by punching and kicking techniques, with emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0080204
has exact synonym: tae kwon
has exact synonym: tae kwon do
has exact synonym: taekwon-do

Axiom
annotated source: taekwondo
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Taekwondo is a Korean form of martial arts, characterized by punching and kicking techniques, with emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taekwondo

tennis
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: tennis ball
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: tennis racket
definition: A game played by two or four players with rackets and an elastic ball on a level court divided by a low net.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0039515

softball game
type: Class
subclass of: bat-and-ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: softball
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: softball bat
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: softball glove
definition: Softball is a game similar to baseball played with a larger ball (11 to 16 inches or 28 to 40 cm circumference) on a field that has base lengths of 60 feet, a pitcher's mound that ranges from 35 to 43 (professional is 43) feet away from home plate, and a home run fence that is 220–300 feet away from home plate, depending on the type of softball being played.
has broad synonym: softball
has exact synonym: soft-ball

Axiom
annotated source: softball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Softball is a game similar to baseball played with a larger ball (11 to 16 inches or 28 to 40 cm circumference) on a field that has base lengths of 60 feet, a pitcher's mound that ranges from 35 to 43 (professional is 43) feet away from home plate, and a home run fence that is 220–300 feet away from home plate, depending on the type of softball being played.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softball

association football game
type: Class
subclass of: football game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: association football
definition: A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals.
has broad synonym: association football
has broad synonym: football
has db xref: MSH: D012916
has db xref: SCTID: 88289009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0037393
has db xref: soccer

Axiom
annotated source: association football game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals.
has db xref: MSH: D012916

Axiom
annotated source: association football game
annotated property: hasBroadSynonym
annotated target: football
has db xref: SCTID: 88289009

Axiom
annotated source: association football game
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: soccer
has db xref: SCTID: 88289009

squash
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: squash racket
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: squash ball
definition: Squash is a racket and ball sport played by two players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball.
has db xref: MSH: D015865
has db xref: SCTID: 415578009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0038076

Axiom
annotated source: squash
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Squash is a racket and ball sport played by two players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squash_(sport)

swiss ball exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: stability ball
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2147987

jumping rope
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: rope
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2712409

gardening
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Cultivation of PLANTS; (FRUIT; VEGETABLES; MEDICINAL HERBS) on small plots of ground or in containers.
has db xref: MSH: D051639
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0868963

Axiom
annotated source: gardening
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cultivation of PLANTS; (FRUIT; VEGETABLES; MEDICINAL HERBS) on small plots of ground or in containers.
has db xref: MSH: D051639

yard work
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: The act of tending a yard as a chore or hobby.
has db xref: NCI: C94748
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2986650

Axiom
annotated source: yard work
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The act of tending a yard as a chore or hobby.
has db xref: NCI: C94748

stair climbing
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: stair
definition: Stair climbing is the climbing of a flight of stairs.

Axiom
annotated source: stair climbing
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Stair climbing is the climbing of a flight of stairs.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stair_climbing

volleyball game
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: volleyball
definition: A team sport in which two teams hit an inflated ball back and forth over a high net using their hands.
has db xref: MSH: D054798
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1956059

Axiom
annotated source: volleyball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A team sport in which two teams hit an inflated ball back and forth over a high net using their hands.
has db xref: MSH: D054798

sprinting
type: Class
subclass of: anaerobic exercise
definition: Sprinting is running over a short distance at the top-most speed of the body in a limited period of time.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2319308

Axiom
annotated source: sprinting
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Sprinting is running over a short distance at the top-most speed of the body in a limited period of time.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprint_(running)

bodybuilding
type: Class
subclass of: resistance training
definition: Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's muscles (muscle building) by muscle hypertrophy for aesthetic purposes.

Axiom
annotated source: bodybuilding
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's muscles (muscle building) by muscle hypertrophy for aesthetic purposes.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodybuilding

strength training
type: Class
subclass of: resistance training
definition: resistance exercise that builds strength

Axiom
annotated source: strength training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: resistance exercise that builds strength
has db xref: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/strength_training/article_em.htm

bodyweight exercise
type: Class
subclass of: strength training
definition: Bodyweight exercises (also called bodyweight workouts) are strength-training exercises that use an individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity.
has exact synonym: bodyweight workout

Axiom
annotated source: bodyweight exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bodyweight exercises (also called bodyweight workouts) are strength-training exercises that use an individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodyweight_exercise

suspension training
type: Class
subclass of: bodyweight exercise
definition: The term suspension training refers to an approach to strength training that uses a system of ropes and webbing called a "suspension trainer" to allow users to work against their own body weight.

Axiom
annotated source: suspension training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The term suspension training refers to an approach to strength training that uses a system of ropes and webbing called a "suspension trainer" to allow users to work against their own body weight.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_training

weight training
type: Class
subclass of: strength training
definition: Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.[2] It uses the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction. Weight training uses a variety of specialized equipment to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.

Axiom
annotated source: weight training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Weight training is a common type of strength training for developing the strength and size of skeletal muscles.[2] It uses the force of gravity in the form of weighted bars, dumbbells or weight stacks in order to oppose the force generated by muscle through concentric or eccentric contraction. Weight training uses a variety of specialized equipment to target specific muscle groups and types of movement.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight_training

calisthenics
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: A system of free movements designed to develop muscular tone and promote physical fitness.
has db xref: NCI: C94739
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0006759

Axiom
annotated source: calisthenics
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A system of free movements designed to develop muscular tone and promote physical fitness.
has db xref: NCI: C94739

circuit training
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Circuit training is a form of body conditioning that involves endurance training, resistance training, high-intensity aerobics, and exercises performed in a circuit, similar to high-intensity interval training.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2712423

Axiom
annotated source: circuit training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Circuit training is a form of body conditioning that involves endurance training, resistance training, high-intensity aerobics, and exercises performed in a circuit, similar to high-intensity interval training.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_training

cross-training
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Cross-training is athletic training in sports other than the athlete's usual sport. The goal is improving overall performance. It takes advantage of the particular effectiveness of one training method to negate the shortcomings of another.

Axiom
annotated source: cross-training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cross-training is athletic training in sports other than the athlete's usual sport. The goal is improving overall performance. It takes advantage of the particular effectiveness of one training method to negate the shortcomings of another.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-training

birth weight
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
has db xref: MSH: D001724
has db xref: NCI: C76325
has db xref: SCTID: 364589006
has db xref: SCTID: 47340003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0005612
has exact synonym: birthweight

Axiom
annotated source: birth weight
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
has db xref: MSH: D001724

Axiom
annotated source: birth weight
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: birthweight
has db xref: MSH: D001724

person
type: Class
subclass of: object
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contains process
  some values from: human life cycle stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: physical activity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: sleep
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_proper_part
  some values from: muscle
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_proper_part
  some values from: skeleton
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_proper_part
  some values from: skeletal bone
definition: A living subject of the species homo sapiens.
has db xref: MSH: D009272
has db xref: NCI: C25190
has db xref: SCTID: 125676002
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0027361
has related synonym: individual
has related synonym: people
has related synonym: persons

Axiom
annotated source: person
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A living subject of the species homo sapiens.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0027361

Axiom
annotated source: person
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: individual
has db xref: NCI: C25190

Axiom
annotated source: person
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: people
has db xref: NCI: C25190

Axiom
annotated source: person
annotated property: hasRelatedSynonym
annotated target: persons
has db xref: MSH: D009272

interval training
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Interval training is a type of training exercise that involves a series of high-intensity workouts interspersed with rest or relief periods.

Axiom
annotated source: interval training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Interval training is a type of training exercise that involves a series of high-intensity workouts interspersed with rest or relief periods.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_training

muscle hypertrophy
type: Class
subclass of: process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: occurs in
  some values from: pregnant woman
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: muscle
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causally downstream of
  some values from: adolescent stage
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: causally downstream of
  some values from: physical activity
definition: The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy.
has db xref: SCTID: 249829006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0236033

Axiom
annotated source: muscle hypertrophy
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0236033

pregnant woman
type: Class
subclass of: person
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: contains process
  some values from: muscle hypertrophy
definition: Human females who are pregnant, as cultural, psychological, or sociological entities.
has db xref: MSH: D037841
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0033011

Axiom
annotated source: pregnant woman
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Human females who are pregnant, as cultural, psychological, or sociological entities.
has db xref: MSH: D037841

outdoor fitness
type: Class
subclass of: exercise

physical therapy
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_integral_part
  some values from: physical therapy exercise
definition: The use of exercises and physical activity to restore movement, reduce pain, strengthen muscles, and improve balance and posture in order to restore the ability to function. Therapists provide education and suggest activity modification suited to an individual.
has db xref: MSH: D026741
has db xref: NCI: C15302
has db xref: SCTID: 91251008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0949766

Axiom
annotated source: physical therapy
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The use of exercises and physical activity to restore movement, reduce pain, strengthen muscles, and improve balance and posture in order to restore the ability to function. Therapists provide education and suggest activity modification suited to an individual.
has db xref: NCI: C15302

virtual reality exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exergaming
has db xref: PMID: 34663191
has db xref: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.07.004
has exact synonym: VR exercise
has exact synonym: exercise with VR
has exact synonym: exercising with virtual reality

barbell
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: weight training
definition: A barbell is a piece of exercise equipment used in weight training, bodybuilding, weightlifting and powerlifting, consisting of a long bar, usually with weights attached at each end.

Axiom
annotated source: barbell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A barbell is a piece of exercise equipment used in weight training, bodybuilding, weightlifting and powerlifting, consisting of a long bar, usually with weights attached at each end.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbell

bench
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: Weight training benches may be of various designs: fixed horizontal, fixed inclined, fixed in a folded position, with one adjustable portion, with two or more adjustable portions, with racks to hold bars, etc. In the limit, the definition of a bench blurs into that of combinations that mix a bench and associated equipment. Benches are manufactured by many different vendors, in an array of qualities, features, and prices.

Axiom
annotated source: bench
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Weight training benches may be of various designs: fixed horizontal, fixed inclined, fixed in a folded position, with one adjustable portion, with two or more adjustable portions, with racks to hold bars, etc. In the limit, the definition of a bench blurs into that of combinations that mix a bench and associated equipment. Benches are manufactured by many different vendors, in an array of qualities, features, and prices.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bench_(weight_training)

BOSU
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A BOSU Balance Trainer (or BOSU ball) is a fitness training device, invented in 1999 by David Weck.[1] It consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. The device is often used for balance training.
has exact synonym: BOSU Balance Trainer
has exact synonym: BOSU Trainer
has exact synonym: BOSU ball

Axiom
annotated source: BOSU
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A BOSU Balance Trainer (or BOSU ball) is a fitness training device, invented in 1999 by David Weck.[1] It consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. The device is often used for balance training.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOSU

cone
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment

dumbbell
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: weight training
definition: The dumbbell, a type of free weight, is a piece of equipment used in weight training. It can be used individually or in pairs, with one in each hand.

Axiom
annotated source: dumbbell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The dumbbell, a type of free weight, is a piece of equipment used in weight training. It can be used individually or in pairs, with one in each hand.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbbell

heavy ropes
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: Battling ropes are used for fitness training to increase full body strength and conditioning.
has exact synonym: battle ropes
has exact synonym: battling ropes

Axiom
annotated source: heavy ropes
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Battling ropes are used for fitness training to increase full body strength and conditioning.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battling_ropes

hurdle
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment

kettlebell
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: weight training
definition: The kettlebell is a cast iron or cast steel ball with a handle attached to the top (resembling a cannonball with a handle). It is used to perform many types of exercises, including ballistic exercises that combine cardiovascular, strength and flexibility training. They are also the primary equipment used in the weight lifting sport of kettlebell lifting.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2721233

Axiom
annotated source: kettlebell
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The kettlebell is a cast iron or cast steel ball with a handle attached to the top (resembling a cannonball with a handle). It is used to perform many types of exercises, including ballistic exercises that combine cardiovascular, strength and flexibility training. They are also the primary equipment used in the weight lifting sport of kettlebell lifting.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kettlebell

ladder
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: Portable structures typically consisting of two pairs of legs and a series of evenly spaced perpendicular rungs or steps used for climbing. Ladders are typically around 6-10 feet tall, although some shorter ladders (often called stepladders) are approximately 3-4 feet tall and some (called telescoping or extension ladders) may reach up to 20 feet in length. Ladders are typically made of fiberglass, aluminum, or wood.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0336762

Axiom
annotated source: ladder
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Portable structures typically consisting of two pairs of legs and a series of evenly spaced perpendicular rungs or steps used for climbing. Ladders are typically around 6-10 feet tall, although some shorter ladders (often called stepladders) are approximately 3-4 feet tall and some (called telescoping or extension ladders) may reach up to 20 feet in length. Ladders are typically made of fiberglass, aluminum, or wood.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0336762

medicine ball
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: weight training
definition: A medicine ball (also known as an exercise ball, a med ball, or a fitness ball) is a weighted ball whose diameter is about a shoulder-width, (approx. 13.7 inches (350 mm)), often used for rehabilitation and strength training.
has exact synonym: exercise ball
has exact synonym: fitness ball
has exact synonym: med ball

Axiom
annotated source: medicine ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A medicine ball (also known as an exercise ball, a med ball, or a fitness ball) is a weighted ball whose diameter is about a shoulder-width, (approx. 13.7 inches (350 mm)), often used for rehabilitation and strength training.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine_ball

pull-up bar
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment

resistance band
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A resistance band is an elastic band used for strength training. They are also commonly used in physical therapy, specifically by convalescents of muscular injuries, including cardiac rehab patients to allow slow rebuilding of strength.
has exact synonym: resistance cable

Axiom
annotated source: resistance band
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A resistance band is an elastic band used for strength training. They are also commonly used in physical therapy, specifically by convalescents of muscular injuries, including cardiac rehab patients to allow slow rebuilding of strength.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_band

stability ball
type: Class
subclass of: ball
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: swiss ball exercise
definition: An exercise ball is a ball constructed of soft elastic, typically in 5 diameters of 10-centimeter increments, from 35 centimeters (14 inches) to 85 centimeters (34 inches), and filled with air. The air pressure is changed by removing a valve stem and either filling with air or letting the ball deflate. It is most often used in physical therapy, athletic training and exercise. It can also be used for weight training.
has exact synonym: balance ball
has exact synonym: exercise ball
has exact synonym: fitness ball
has exact synonym: swiss ball
has exact synonym: swiss exercise ball

TRX suspension trainer
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: a performance training tool that leverages gravity and the user’s body weight to complete the exercises
has broad synonym: TRX

Axiom
annotated source: TRX suspension trainer
annotated property: definition
annotated target: a performance training tool that leverages gravity and the user’s body weight to complete the exercises
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRX_System

weight machine
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: weight training
definition: A weight machine is an exercise machine used for weight training that uses gravity as the primary source of resistance and a combination of simple machines to convey that resistance to the person using the machine. Each of the simple machines (pulley, lever, wheel, incline) changes the mechanical advantage of the overall machine relative to the weight.

Axiom
annotated source: weight machine
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A weight machine is an exercise machine used for weight training that uses gravity as the primary source of resistance and a combination of simple machines to convey that resistance to the person using the machine. Each of the simple machines (pulley, lever, wheel, incline) changes the mechanical advantage of the overall machine relative to the weight.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight_machine

racket
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A racket or racquet is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings or catgut is stretched tightly.
has exact synonym: racquet

Axiom
annotated source: racket
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A racket or racquet is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings or catgut is stretched tightly.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racket_(sports_equipment)

badminton racket
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: racket
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: badminton
subclass of: racket

muscle
type: Class
subclass of: object
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: muscle hypertrophy
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: proper_part_of
  some values from: person
definition: A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion.
has db xref: NCI: C13056
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4083049

Axiom
annotated source: muscle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A fibrous soft tissue with the ability to contract to produce force and motion.
has db xref: NCI: C13056

ball
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A ball is a round object (usually spherical, but can sometimes be ovoid) with various uses. It is used in ball games, where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used for simpler activities, such as catch or juggling. Balls made from hard-wearing materials are used in engineering applications to provide very low friction bearings, known as ball bearings. Black-powder weapons use stone and metal balls as projectiles.

Axiom
annotated source: ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A ball is a round object (usually spherical, but can sometimes be ovoid) with various uses. It is used in ball games, where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used for simpler activities, such as catch or juggling. Balls made from hard-wearing materials are used in engineering applications to provide very low friction bearings, known as ball bearings. Black-powder weapons use stone and metal balls as projectiles.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball

shuttlecock
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: badminton
subclass of: ball
definition: A shuttlecock (also called a birdie or shuttle) is a high-drag projectile used in the sport of badminton. It has an open conical shape formed by feathers or plastic (or a synthetic alternative) embedded into a rounded cork (or rubber) base. The shuttlecock's shape makes it extremely aerodynamically stable. Regardless of initial orientation, it will turn to fly cork first, and remain in the cork-first orientation.
has exact synonym: birdie
has exact synonym: shuttle

Axiom
annotated source: shuttlecock
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A shuttlecock (also called a birdie or shuttle) is a high-drag projectile used in the sport of badminton. It has an open conical shape formed by feathers or plastic (or a synthetic alternative) embedded into a rounded cork (or rubber) base. The shuttlecock's shape makes it extremely aerodynamically stable. Regardless of initial orientation, it will turn to fly cork first, and remain in the cork-first orientation.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuttlecock

basketball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: basketball game
subclass of: ball
definition: A basketball is a spherical ball used in basketball games.

Axiom
annotated source: basketball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A basketball is a spherical ball used in basketball games.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball_(ball)

bicycle
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: bicycling
definition: A bicycle, also called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
has exact synonym: bike
has exact synonym: cycle

Axiom
annotated source: bicycle
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A bicycle, also called a bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle

golf ball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: golf
subclass of: ball
definition: A golf ball is a special ball designed to be used in the game of golf.

golf club
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: golf
definition: A golf club is a club used to hit a golf ball in a game of golf.

Axiom
annotated source: golf club
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A golf club is a club used to hit a golf ball in a game of golf.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golf_club

rope
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: jumping rope
definition: A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibers or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form.

Axiom
annotated source: rope
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibers or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rope

ball game
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Ball games (or ballgames), also ball sports, are any form of game or sport which feature a ball as part of play.
has exact synonym: ball sport

Axiom
annotated source: ball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Ball games (or ballgames), also ball sports, are any form of game or sport which feature a ball as part of play.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_game

netball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: netball game
subclass of: ball

ski
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: skiing
definition: A ski is a narrow strip of semi-rigid material worn underfoot to glide over snow.

Axiom
annotated source: ski
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A ski is a narrow strip of semi-rigid material worn underfoot to glide over snow.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ski

ski pole
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: skiing
definition: Ski poles, also referred to as poles (in North America), sticks (UK), or stocks (Australia),[1][2] are used by skiers for balance and propulsion.
has exact synonym: pole
has exact synonym: stick
has exact synonym: stock

baduanjin
type: Class
subclass of: qigong
definition: The Baduanjin qigong(八段錦) is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise.

Axiom
annotated source: baduanjin
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The Baduanjin qigong(八段錦) is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baduanjin_qigong

football
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: football game
subclass of: ball

football game
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: football
definition: Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal.
has broad synonym: football

Axiom
annotated source: football game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football

association football
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: association football game
subclass of: football
definition: A football, soccer ball, football ball, or association football ball is the ball used in the sport of association football.
has broad synonym: football
has exact synonym: association football ball
has exact synonym: soccer ball

Axiom
annotated source: association football
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A football, soccer ball, football ball, or association football ball is the ball used in the sport of association football.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_(association_football)

rugby football
type: Class
subclass of: football game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: rugby ball
definition: Rugby football is a collective name for the family of team sports of rugby union and rugby league, as well as the earlier forms of football from which both games, as well as Australian rules football and gridiron football, evolved.

Axiom
annotated source: rugby football
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Rugby football is a collective name for the family of team sports of rugby union and rugby league, as well as the earlier forms of football from which both games, as well as Australian rules football and gridiron football, evolved.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugby_football

rugby ball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: rugby football
subclass of: football

gridiron football game
type: Class
subclass of: football game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: gridiron football
definition: Gridiron football, also known as North American football or, in North America, simply football, is a family of football team sports primarily played in the United States and Canada.

gridiron football
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: gridiron football game
subclass of: football
definition: In Canada and the United States, a football (also called a pigskin) is a ball, roughly in the form of a prolate spheroid, used in the context of playing gridiron football.

Axiom
annotated source: gridiron football
annotated property: definition
annotated target: In Canada and the United States, a football (also called a pigskin) is a ball, roughly in the form of a prolate spheroid, used in the context of playing gridiron football.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ball_(gridiron_football)

American football
type: Class
subclass of: gridiron football game
definition: American football, referred to simply as football in the United States and also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.
has broad synonym: football

Axiom
annotated source: American football
annotated property: definition
annotated target: American football, referred to simply as football in the United States and also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_football

Canadian football
type: Class
subclass of: gridiron football game
definition: Canadian football is a sport played in Canada in which two teams of 12 players each compete for territorial control of a field of play 110 yards (101 m) long and 65 yards (59 m) wide attempting to advance a pointed oval-shaped ball into the opposing team's scoring area (end zone).

Axiom
annotated source: Canadian football
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Canadian football is a sport played in Canada in which two teams of 12 players each compete for territorial control of a field of play 110 yards (101 m) long and 65 yards (59 m) wide attempting to advance a pointed oval-shaped ball into the opposing team's scoring area (end zone).
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian_football

softball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: softball game
subclass of: ball

baseball game
type: Class
subclass of: bat-and-ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: baseball
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: baseball bat
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: baseball glove
definition: Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two opposing teams, typically of nine players each, that take turns batting and fielding.

Axiom
annotated source: baseball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two opposing teams, typically of nine players each, that take turns batting and fielding.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball

baseball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: baseball game
subclass of: ball
definition: A baseball is a ball used in the sport of the same name. The ball comprises a rubber or cork center wrapped in yarn and covered with white natural horsehide or cowhide, or a synthetic composite leather.

bat
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: The stick-like implement used to hit the ball in bat-and-ball sports.

softball bat
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: bat
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: softball game
subclass of: bat
definition: The bat used by the batter can be made of wood, aluminum, or composite materials such as carbon fiber. Sizes may vary but they may be no more than 34 inches (86 cm) long, 2.4 inches (6 cm) in diameter, or 38 ounces (1.1 kg) in mass.

Axiom
annotated source: softball bat
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The bat used by the batter can be made of wood, aluminum, or composite materials such as carbon fiber. Sizes may vary but they may be no more than 34 inches (86 cm) long, 2.4 inches (6 cm) in diameter, or 38 ounces (1.1 kg) in mass.
definition: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softball#Bat

baseball bat
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: bat
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: baseball game
subclass of: bat
definition: A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball to hit the ball after it is thrown by the pitcher.

Axiom
annotated source: baseball bat
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball to hit the ball after it is thrown by the pitcher.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_bat

glove
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A glove is a garment covering the hand.

Axiom
annotated source: glove
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A glove is a garment covering the hand.
definition: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glove

baseball glove
type: Class
subclass of: glove
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: baseball game
definition: A baseball glove or mitt is a large glove (traditionally made of leather, today other options do exist) worn by baseball players of the defending team, which assists players in catching and fielding balls hit by a batter or thrown by a teammate.
has exact synonym: mitt

Axiom
annotated source: baseball glove
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A baseball glove or mitt is a large glove (traditionally made of leather, today other options do exist) worn by baseball players of the defending team, which assists players in catching and fielding balls hit by a batter or thrown by a teammate.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_glove

batting glove
type: Class
subclass of: glove
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: bat-and-ball game
definition: Batting gloves are a component in bat-and-ball games sportswear. Typically consisting of a leather palm and back made of nylon or another synthetic fabric, the glove covers one or both hands of a batter, providing comfort, prevention of blisters, warmth, improved grip, and shock absorption when hitting the ball. Batting gloves are considered an essential part of cricket equipment, though they are not mandatory at any level of the game.

Axiom
annotated source: batting glove
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Batting gloves are a component in bat-and-ball games sportswear. Typically consisting of a leather palm and back made of nylon or another synthetic fabric, the glove covers one or both hands of a batter, providing comfort, prevention of blisters, warmth, improved grip, and shock absorption when hitting the ball. Batting gloves are considered an essential part of cricket equipment, though they are not mandatory at any level of the game.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batting_glove

bat-and-ball game
type: Class
subclass of: ball game
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has participant
  some values from: batting glove
definition: Bat-and-ball games (or safe haven games) are field games played by two opposing teams, in which the action starts when the defending team throws a ball at a dedicated player of the attacking team, who tries to hit it with a bat and run between various safe areas in the field to score runs (points), while the defending team can use the ball in various ways against the attacking team's players to force them off the field when they are not in safe zones, and thus prevent them from further scoring.
has exact synonym: safe haven game

Axiom
annotated source: bat-and-ball game
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bat-and-ball games (or safe haven games) are field games played by two opposing teams, in which the action starts when the defending team throws a ball at a dedicated player of the attacking team, who tries to hit it with a bat and run between various safe areas in the field to score runs (points), while the defending team can use the ball in various ways against the attacking team's players to force them off the field when they are not in safe zones, and thus prevent them from further scoring.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat-and-ball_games

softball glove
type: Class
subclass of: glove
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: softball game
has db xref: All defensive players wear fielding gloves, made of leather or similar material.

Axiom
annotated source: softball glove
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: All defensive players wear fielding gloves, made of leather or similar material.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softball#Gloves

squash racket
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: racket
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: squash
subclass of: racket
definition: Squash rackets have maximum dimensions of 686 mm (27.0 in) long and 215 mm (8.5 in) wide, with a maximum strung area of 500 square centimeters (77.5 sq in). The permitted maximum weight is 255 grams (9.0 oz), but most have a weight between 90 and 150 grams (3–5.3 oz.). The strings of the racket usually have a tension of 25-30.

Axiom
annotated source: squash racket
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Squash rackets have maximum dimensions of 686 mm (27.0 in) long and 215 mm (8.5 in) wide, with a maximum strung area of 500 square centimeters (77.5 sq in). The permitted maximum weight is 255 grams (9.0 oz), but most have a weight between 90 and 150 grams (3–5.3 oz.). The strings of the racket usually have a tension of 25-30.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squash_(sport)#Racket

squash ball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: squash
subclass of: ball
definition: Squash balls are between 39.5 and 40.5 mm in diameter, and weigh 23 to 25 grams. They are made with two pieces of rubber compound, glued together to form a hollow sphere and buffed to a matte finish.

Axiom
annotated source: squash ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Squash balls are between 39.5 and 40.5 mm in diameter, and weigh 23 to 25 grams. They are made with two pieces of rubber compound, glued together to form a hollow sphere and buffed to a matte finish.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squash_(sport)#Ball

stair
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: participates in
  some values from: stair climbing
definition: Stairs is a structure designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances, called steps. Stairs may be straight, round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces connected at angles.

Axiom
annotated source: stair
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Stairs is a structure designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances, called steps. Stairs may be straight, round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces connected at angles.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stairs

table tennis racket
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: bat
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: table tennis
subclass of: bat
has broad synonym: paddle
has exact synonym: table tennis bat

table tennis ball
type: Class
subclass of: ball
definition: The international rules specify that the game is played with a sphere having a mass of 2.7 grams (0.095 oz) and a diameter of 40 millimetres (1.57 in).

Axiom
annotated source: table tennis ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The international rules specify that the game is played with a sphere having a mass of 2.7 grams (0.095 oz) and a diameter of 40 millimetres (1.57 in).
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_tennis#Ball

tennis ball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: tennis
subclass of: ball
definition: A tennis ball is a ball designed for the sport of tennis. Tennis balls are fluorescent yellow in organised competitions, but in recreational play can be virtually any color. Tennis balls are covered in a fibrous felt which modifies their aerodynamic properties, and each has a white curvilinear oval covering it.

Axiom
annotated source: tennis ball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A tennis ball is a ball designed for the sport of tennis. Tennis balls are fluorescent yellow in organised competitions, but in recreational play can be virtually any color. Tennis balls are covered in a fibrous felt which modifies their aerodynamic properties, and each has a white curvilinear oval covering it.
definition: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_ball

tennis racket
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: racket
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: tennis
subclass of: racket

volleyball
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: ball
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: volleyball game
subclass of: ball
definition: A volleyball is a ball used to play indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, or other less common variations of the sport. Volleyballs are round and traditionally consist of eighteen nearly rectangular panels of synthetic or genuine leather, arranged in six identical sections of three panels each, wrapped around a bladder. A valve permits the internal air pressure to be adjusted.

Axiom
annotated source: volleyball
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A volleyball is a ball used to play indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, or other less common variations of the sport. Volleyballs are round and traditionally consist of eighteen nearly rectangular panels of synthetic or genuine leather, arranged in six identical sections of three panels each, wrapped around a bladder. A valve permits the internal air pressure to be adjusted.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volleyball_(ball)

athlete
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: Individuals who have developed skills, physical stamina and strength or participants in SPORTS or other physical activities.
has db xref: MSH: D056352
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0238703

Axiom
annotated source: athlete
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Individuals who have developed skills, physical stamina and strength or participants in SPORTS or other physical activities.
has db xref: MSH: D056352

child
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: An age group comprised of individuals who are not yet an adult. The specific cut-off age will vary by purpose.
has db xref: NCI: C16423
has db xref: SCTID: 67822003
has db xref: STCID: 410601007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0008059
has exact synonym: childhood age person

Axiom
annotated source: child
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An age group comprised of individuals who are not yet an adult. The specific cut-off age will vary by purpose.
has db xref: NCI: C16423

Axiom
annotated source: child
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: childhood age person
has db xref: SCTID: 410601007

adolescent
type: Class
equivalent class: Class
  intersection of: person
  intersection of: Restriction
    on property: participates in
    some values from: adolescent stage
subclass of: person
has db xref: MSH: D000293
has db xref: NCI: C27954
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0205653
has exact synonym: adolescent youth
has exact synonym: teen
has exact synonym: teenager

adult
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: An age group comprised of humans who have reached reproductive age.
has db xref: MSH: D000328
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0001675

elderly
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: An age group comprised of individuals 65 years of age and older.
has db xref: NCI: C16268
has db xref: SCTID: 105436006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0001792
has exact synonym: elderly person

Axiom
annotated source: elderly
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An age group comprised of individuals 65 years of age and older.
has db xref: NCI: C16268

Axiom
annotated source: elderly
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: elderly person
has db xref: SCTID: 105436006

postpartum woman
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: commonly used to refer to the females during first six weeks following childbirth

chronic condition
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C5545294

sensor
type: Class
subclass of: object
definition: A device designed to respond to a stimulus by generating a signal that can be measured or interpreted.
has db xref: NCI: C50166
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0183210
has exact synonym: device sensor
has exact synonym: sensor device

Axiom
annotated source: sensor
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: device sensor
has db xref: NCI: C50166

Axiom
annotated source: sensor
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: sensor device
has db xref: NCI: C50166
has db xref: SCTID: 408746007

electrocardiogram sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor
abbreviation: ECG sensor

airflow sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor

sphygmomanometer
type: Class
subclass of: sensor
definition: Instruments for measuring arterial blood pressure consisting of an inflatable cuff, inflating bulb, and a gauge showing the blood pressure.
has db xref: NCI: C69317
has db xref: SCTID: 39690000
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0183427
has exact synonym: blood pressure apparatus
has exact synonym: blood pressure device
has exact synonym: blood pressure sensor

Axiom
annotated source: sphygmomanometer
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Instruments for measuring arterial blood pressure consisting of an inflatable cuff, inflating bulb, and a gauge showing the blood pressure.
has db xref: MSH: D019722

Axiom
annotated source: sphygmomanometer
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: blood pressure apparatus
has db xref: SCTID: 39690000

Axiom
annotated source: sphygmomanometer
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: blood pressure device
abbreviation: BP device

electromyography sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor
abbreviation: EMG sensor

body temperature sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor

patient position sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor

accelerometer
type: Class
subclass of: sensor
definition: An instrument used for measuring a change in velocity.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0178951

Axiom
annotated source: accelerometer
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: UMLS CUI: C0178951
has db xref: NCI: C88166

pulse and oxygen in blood sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor

galvanic skin response sensor
type: Class
subclass of: sensor
abbreviation: GSR sensor

wearable electronic device
type: Class
subclass of: object
definition: Electronic implements worn on the body as an implant or as an accessory.
has db xref: MSH: D000076251
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4505348
has exact synonym: wearable device

Axiom
annotated source: wearable electronic device
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Electronic implements worn on the body as an implant or as an accessory.
has db xref: MSH: D000076251

Axiom
annotated source: wearable electronic device
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: wearable device
has db xref: MSH: D000076251

smart glasses
type: Class
subclass of: wearable electronic device
definition: Computerized eyewear with multiple technological applications for advanced computing and interoperability. Smart glasses are optimized to facilitate information and data access, capture, display, transfer, and manipulation.
has db xref: MSH: D000080310
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C5197727

Axiom
annotated source: smart glasses
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Computerized eyewear with multiple technological applications for advanced computing and interoperability. Smart glasses are optimized to facilitate information and data access, capture, display, transfer, and manipulation.
has db xref: MSH: D000080310

smart watch
type: Class
subclass of: wearable electronic device
definition: A smartwatch is a wearable computer in the form of a watch; modern smartwatches provide a local touchscreen interface for daily use, while an associated smartphone app provides for management and telemetry.

Axiom
annotated source: smart watch
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A smartwatch is a wearable computer in the form of a watch; modern smartwatches provide a local touchscreen interface for daily use, while an associated smartphone app provides for management and telemetry.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartwatch

treadmill
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A treadmill is a device generally used for walking, running, or climbing while staying in the same place.

Axiom
annotated source: treadmill
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A treadmill is a device generally used for walking, running, or climbing while staying in the same place.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treadmill

stationary bike
type: Class
subclass of: exercise equipment
definition: A stationary bicycle is a device used as exercise equipment for indoor cycling.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2712863
has exact synonym: exercise bicycle
has exact synonym: exercise bike
has exact synonym: exercycle
has exact synonym: spinning bike

Axiom
annotated source: stationary bike
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A stationary bicycle is a device used as exercise equipment for indoor cycling.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stationary_bicycle

cardiac rehabilitation
type: Class
subclass of: process
definition: Restoration of functions to the maximum degree possible in a person or persons suffering from a CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. It also includes cardiac conditioning and SECONDARY PREVENTION in patients with elevated cardiovascular risk profile.
has db xref: MSH: D000072038
has db xref: SCTID: 313395003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0700431
has exact synonym: NCI: C101234
has exact synonym: cardiac rehabilitation therapy

Axiom
annotated source: cardiac rehabilitation
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Restoration of functions to the maximum degree possible in a person or persons suffering from a CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. It also includes cardiac conditioning and SECONDARY PREVENTION in patients with elevated cardiovascular risk profile.
has db xref: MSH: D000072038

fasting plasma glucose
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are determined by taking a blood sample from participants who have fasted for at least 8 hours. It can be measured in mmol/L or in mg/dL. For comparability, these values are converted in mmol/L. Other related biomarkers, such as haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), can be used to help calculate national estimates.

Axiom
annotated source: fasting plasma glucose
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are determined by taking a blood sample from participants who have fasted for at least 8 hours. It can be measured in mmol/L or in mg/dL. For comparability, these values are converted in mmol/L. Other related biomarkers, such as haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), can be used to help calculate national estimates.
has db xref: https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/2380

Axiom
annotated source: fasting plasma glucose
annotated property: label
annotated target: fasting plasma glucose @zh
abbreviation: FPG

obesity
type: Class
subclass of: health status
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0028754

exercise addiction
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: Exercise addiction is a state characterized by a compulsive engagement in any form of physical exercise, despite negative consequences.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0860095

Axiom
annotated source: exercise addiction
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Exercise addiction is a state characterized by a compulsive engagement in any form of physical exercise, despite negative consequences.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise_addiction

overweight
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".
has db xref: MSH: D050177
has db xref: SCTID: 238131007
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0497406

Axiom
annotated source: overweight
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat".
has db xref: MSH: D050177

disability
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
definition: Any physical or mental impairment that interferes with an individual's ability to perform desired activities.
has db xref: NCI: C21007

Axiom
annotated source: disability
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any physical or mental impairment that interferes with an individual's ability to perform desired activities.
has db xref: NCI: C21007

disease
type: Class
subclass of: disposition
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: disposition of
  some values from: person
definition: A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
has db xref: MSH: D004194
has db xref: NCI: C2991
has db xref: SCTID: 64572001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0012634

Axiom
annotated source: disease
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
has db xref: PMID: 21347182

exercise intervention
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
has db xref: NCI: C62739
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1831738

sedentary behavior
type: Class
subclass of: physical activity

aquatic exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: exercise performed in water
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2147841

aquatic exercise therapy
type: Class
subclass of: physical therapy
definition: Aquatic therapy refers to treatments and exercises performed in water for relaxation, fitness, physical rehabilitation, and other therapeutic benefit.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C5544388
has exact synonym: aquatic therapy

Axiom
annotated source: aquatic exercise therapy
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Aquatic therapy refers to treatments and exercises performed in water for relaxation, fitness, physical rehabilitation, and other therapeutic benefit.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_therapy

injury
type: Class
subclass of: process
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: occurs in
  some values from: person
definition: Injury, also known as physical trauma, is damage to the body caused by an external force.
has exact synonym: physical trauma

Axiom
annotated source: injury
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Injury, also known as physical trauma, is damage to the body caused by an external force.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injury

skeleton
type: Class
subclass of: object
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: has_improper_part
  some values from: skeletal bone
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: proper_part_of
  some values from: person
source: The rigid framework of connected bones that gives form to the body, protects and supports its soft organs and tissues, and provides attachments for MUSCLES.
has db xref: MSH: D012863
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0816871

Axiom
annotated source: skeleton
annotated property: source
annotated target: The rigid framework of connected bones that gives form to the body, protects and supports its soft organs and tissues, and provides attachments for MUSCLES.
has db xref: MSH: D012863

ligament
type: Class
subclass of: object
definition: Shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue connecting together articular extremities of bones. They are pliant, tough, and inextensile.
has db xref: MSH: D008022
has db xref: NCI: C13046
has db xref: SCTID: 52082005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0023685

Axiom
annotated source: ligament
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue connecting together articular extremities of bones. They are pliant, tough, and inextensile.
has db xref: MSH: D008022

perimenopausal woman
type: Class
subclass of: person
definition: The term "perimenopausal woman", which literally means "woman around the menopause", refers to woman during the menopause transition years before the date of the final episode of flow.

Axiom
annotated source: perimenopausal woman
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The term "perimenopausal woman", which literally means "woman around the menopause", refers to woman during the menopause transition years before the date of the final episode of flow.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menopause#Perimenopause

sit up exercise
type: Class
subclass of: bodyweight exercise
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0454359
has exact synonym: sit-up strength exercise

spinal cord injury
type: Class
subclass of: injury
definition: Traumatic damage of the spinal cord.
abbreviation: SCI
has db xref: MSH: D013119
has db xref: NCI: C50750
has db xref: SCTID: 90584004
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0037929

Axiom
annotated source: spinal cord injury
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Traumatic damage of the spinal cord.
has db xref: NCI: C50750

Axiom
annotated source: spinal cord injury
annotated property: abbreviation
annotated target: SCI
has db xref: SCTID: 90584004

cognitive function
type: Class
subclass of: function
definition: Cognitive functioning refers to multiple mental abilities, including learning, thinking, reasoning, remembering, problem solving, decision making, and attention.
has db xref: SCTID: 311465003
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0392335

Axiom
annotated source: cognitive function
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cognitive functioning refers to multiple mental abilities, including learning, thinking, reasoning, remembering, problem solving, decision making, and attention.
has db xref: www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/cognitive-functioning

physical function
type: Class
subclass of: function
definition: An individual's capacity to undertake physical activities, such as everyday tasks.
has db xref: NCI: C150046
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0516981

Axiom
annotated source: physical function
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An individual's capacity to undertake physical activities, such as everyday tasks.
has db xref: NCI: C150046

intellectual disability
type: Class
subclass of: disability
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3714756

waist circumference
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: A circumferential measurement of the waist, which may be classified as the area immediately below the lowest rib, at the narrowest part of the torso, midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest, or immediately above the iliac crest.
has db xref: MSH: D055105
has db xref: NCI: C100948
has db xref: SCTID: 276361009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0455829

Axiom
annotated source: waist circumference
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A circumferential measurement of the waist, which may be classified as the area immediately below the lowest rib, at the narrowest part of the torso, midpoint between the lowest rib and the iliac crest, or immediately above the iliac crest.
has db xref: NCI: C100948

Axiom
annotated source: waist circumference
annotated property: label
annotated target: waist circumference @zh
abbreviation: WC

grip strength
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: An assessment of muscle strength that measures that force with which one holds or grasps.
has db xref: NCI: C139210
has db xref: SCTID: 251433001
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0429271
has exact synonym: hand grip strength

Axiom
annotated source: grip strength
annotated property: definition
annotated target: An assessment of muscle strength that measures that force with which one holds or grasps.
has db xref: NCI: C139210

2-hour postprandial glucose
type: Class
subclass of: health status
has db xref: NCI: C129778
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4331814
has exact synonym: 2 hour glucose
has exact synonym: 2 hour postprandial glucose
has exact synonym: 2 hr glucose
has exact synonym: 2 hr postprandial glucose
has exact synonym: 2-hour glucose
has exact synonym: 2h glucose
has exact synonym: 2h postprandial glucose

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2 hour glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2 hour postprandial glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2 hr glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2 hr postprandial glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2-hour glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2h glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: 2h postprandial glucose
has db xref: NCI: C129778

Axiom
annotated source: 2-hour postprandial glucose
annotated property: label
annotated target: 2-hour postprandial glucose @zh
abbreviation: 2hPG
has db xref: PMID: 35197411

total energy expenditure
type: Class
subclass of: health status
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0429629

total daily energy expenditure
type: Class
subclass of: total energy expenditure
definition: the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) + the Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA) + the Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

Axiom
annotated source: total daily energy expenditure
annotated property: definition
annotated target: the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) + the Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA) + the Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)
has db xref: https://healthyweightlossperweek.org/knowledge-base/total-daily-energy-expenditure-tdee-formula-and-examples/

Axiom
annotated source: total daily energy expenditure
annotated property: label
annotated target: total daily energy expenditure @zh
abbreviation: TDEE

thermic effect of physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: characteristic of exercise
definition: The thermic effect of physical activity (TEPA) is the amount of energy burned during all physical activity.
has exact synonym: thermic effect of activity
has narrow synonym: thermic effect of exercise

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of physical activity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The thermic effect of physical activity (TEPA) is the amount of energy burned during all physical activity.
has db xref: https://wikipedikia.org/what-is-the-thermic-effect-of-exercise/
comment: TEPA can range anywhere from 15 to 30% of TDEE.

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of physical activity
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: thermic effect of activity
abbreviation: TEA

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of physical activity
annotated property: label
annotated target: thermic effect of physical activity @zh
abbreviation: TEPA

thermic effect of food
type: Class
subclass of: quality
definition: Specific dynamic action (SDA), also known as thermic effect of food (TEF) or dietary induced thermogenesis (DIT), is the amount of energy expenditure above the basal metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for use and storage.
has exact synonym: dietary induced thermogenesis
has exact synonym: specific dynamic action

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of food
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Specific dynamic action (SDA), also known as thermic effect of food (TEF) or dietary induced thermogenesis (DIT), is the amount of energy expenditure above the basal metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for use and storage.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_dynamic_action

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of food
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: dietary induced thermogenesis
abbreviation: DIT

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of food
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: specific dynamic action
abbreviation: SDA

Axiom
annotated source: thermic effect of food
annotated property: label
annotated target: thermic effect of food @zh
abbreviation: TEF

leisure physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: physical activity
has db xref: SNOMEDCT_US
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0336910

moderate physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4482418

vigorous physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4267713

moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
type: Class
subclass of: physical activity

Axiom
annotated source: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
annotated property: label
annotated target: moderate-to-vigorous physical activity @zh
abbreviation: MVPA

physical disability
type: Class
subclass of: disability
definition: A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0520817

Axiom
annotated source: physical disability
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_disability

cool-down exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Tapering-off physical activity from vigorous to light, to gradually return the body to pre-exercise condition and metabolic state.
has db xref: MSH: D064590
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3658227
has exact synonym: cool down exercise
has exact synonym: cooldown exercise
has exact synonym: cooling down exercise
has exact synonym: cooling-down exercise
has exact synonym: warm-down exercise
has exact synonym: warming-down exercise

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Tapering-off physical activity from vigorous to light, to gradually return the body to pre-exercise condition and metabolic state.
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cool down exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cooldown exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cooling down exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: cooling-down exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warm-down exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

Axiom
annotated source: cool-down exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warming-down exercise
has db xref: MSH: D064590

warm-up exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
definition: Physical activities done to prepare the body for more intense physical activities.
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2350169
has exact synonym: warm up exercise
has exact synonym: warm-Up
has exact synonym: warming-up exercise
has exact synonym: warmup exercise

Axiom
annotated source: warm-up exercise
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Physical activities done to prepare the body for more intense physical activities.
has db xref: MSH: D063996

Axiom
annotated source: warm-up exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warm up exercise
has db xref: MSH: D063996

Axiom
annotated source: warm-up exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warm-Up
has db xref: NCI: C122029

Axiom
annotated source: warm-up exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warming-up exercise
has db xref: MSH: D063996

Axiom
annotated source: warm-up exercise
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: warmup exercise
has db xref: MSH: D063996

injury of musculoskeletal system
type: Class
subclass of: injury
definition: Damage to the muscles, bones and their supportive structural attachments.
has db xref: NCI: C110943
has db xref: SCTID: 105606008
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0272448
has exact synonym: musculoskeletal injury

Axiom
annotated source: injury of musculoskeletal system
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Damage to the muscles, bones and their supportive structural attachments.
has db xref: NCI: C110943

Axiom
annotated source: injury of musculoskeletal system
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: musculoskeletal injury
has db xref: SCTID: 105606008

body balance
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0678854

bone strength
type: Class
subclass of: health status
definition: Bone strength can be defined as bone’s resistance to fracture (i.e., failure load) for a given condition (e.g., impact arising from a fall).

Axiom
annotated source: bone strength
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Bone strength can be defined as bone’s resistance to fracture (i.e., failure load) for a given condition (e.g., impact arising from a fall).
has db xref: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-813073-5.00022-8

muscular tension
type: Class
subclass of: muscular fitness
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0427195

FITT-VP principle
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
definition: F = Frequency I = Intensity T = Time/duration T = Type/mode V = Volume/amount of exercise P = Progression

FITT principle
type: Class
subclass of: FITT-VP principle
definition: F = Frequency I = Intensity T = Time/duration T = Type/mode

recreational activity
type: Class
subclass of: physical activity
definition: Any activity that is intended for refreshment or diversion.
has db xref: MSH: D011998
has db xref: NCI: C86586
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0034872

Axiom
annotated source: recreational activity
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Any activity that is intended for refreshment or diversion.
has db xref: NCI: C86586

recreational exercise
type: Class
subclass of: aerobic exercise
subclass of: recreational activity

high-intensity functional training
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is an exercise modality that emphasizes functional, multi-joint movements that can be modified to any fitness level and elicit greater muscle recruitment than more traditional exercise.

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity functional training
annotated property: definition
annotated target: High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is an exercise modality that emphasizes functional, multi-joint movements that can be modified to any fitness level and elicit greater muscle recruitment than more traditional exercise.
has db xref: PMID: 30087252

Axiom
annotated source: high-intensity functional training
annotated property: label
annotated target: high-intensity functional training @zh
abbreviation: HIFT

cardiopulmonary endurance
type: Class
subclass of: cardiorespiratory fitness
definition: Cardiopulmonary endurance is the ability of body to perform aerobic exercise or activity for long periods of time without tiring.

Axiom
annotated source: cardiopulmonary endurance
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Cardiopulmonary endurance is the ability of body to perform aerobic exercise or activity for long periods of time without tiring.
has db xref: PMID: 32132378

liuzijue
type: Class
subclass of: qigong
definition: The Six Healing Sounds or Liu Zi Jue is one of the common forms of Chinese qigong, and involves the coordination of movement and breathing patterns with specific sounds.
has exact synonym: Liu Zi Jue
has exact synonym: Liuzijue Qigong
has exact synonym: Six Healing Sounds

Axiom
annotated source: liuzijue
annotated property: definition
annotated target: The Six Healing Sounds or Liu Zi Jue is one of the common forms of Chinese qigong, and involves the coordination of movement and breathing patterns with specific sounds.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Zi_Jue

Axiom
annotated source: liuzijue
annotated property: hasExactSynonym
annotated target: Liuzijue Qigong
abbreviation: LQG
has db xref: PMID: 35242094

anaerobic exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C3841233

range of motion
type: Class
subclass of: three-dimensional spatial region
definition: Range of motion (or ROM), is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another.

Axiom
annotated source: range of motion
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Range of motion (or ROM), is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another.
has db xref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_motion

Axiom
annotated source: range of motion
annotated property: label
annotated target: range of motion @zh
abbreviation: ROM

range of motion exercise
type: Class
subclass of: exercise
definition: Actions performed to provide the active or passive exercises to maintain joint function
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0150220

range of motion testing
type: Class
subclass of: physical fitness testing
has db xref: SCTID: 69212005
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0204061

skeletal bone
type: Class
subclass of: object
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: improper_part_of
  some values from: skeleton
definition: Calcified connective tissue that forms the skeletal components of the body.

energy
type: Class
subclass of: material entity
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C1442080

brain health
type: Class
subclass of: health status
has db xref: An ability to perform all the mental processes of cognition, including the ability to learn and judge, use language, and remember.

Axiom
annotated source: brain health
annotated property: hasDbXref
annotated target: An ability to perform all the mental processes of cognition, including the ability to learn and judge, use language, and remember.
has db xref: PMID: 33037002

smoking history
type: Class
subclass of: quality
subclass of: Restriction
  on property: quality of
  some values from: person
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C4721824

heart rhythm
type: Class
subclass of: cardiac function

carpal tunnel syndrome
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury
definition: Entrapment of the MEDIAN NERVE in the carpal tunnel, which is formed by the flexor retinaculum and the CARPAL BONES.
has db xref: MSH: D002349
has db xref: SCTID: 57406009
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0007286

Axiom
annotated source: carpal tunnel syndrome
annotated property: label
annotated target: carpal tunnel syndrome @zh
abbreviation: CTS

stenosing tendovaginitis of radial styloid
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury

rotator cuff injury
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury
definition: Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.
has db xref: MSH: D000070636
has db xref: SCTID: 718539004

Axiom
annotated source: rotator cuff injury
annotated property: definition
annotated target: Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint.
has db xref: MSH: D000070636

tennis elbow
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury
definition: A condition characterized by pain in or near the lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.
has db xref: MSH: D013716
has db xref: SCTID: 202855006
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C0039516

Axiom
annotated source: tennis elbow
annotated property: definition
annotated target: A condition characterized by pain in or near the lateral humeral epicondyle or in the forearm extensor muscle mass as a result of unusual strain. It occurs due repetitive stresses on the elbow from activities such as tennis playing.
has db xref: MSH: D013716

injury of cruciate ligament of knee
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury
has db xref: UMLS CUI: C2732289

acute sprain of ankle joint
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury

acute lumbar muscle sprain
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury

musculi piriformis syndrome
type: Class
subclass of: athletic injury

BFO_0000134
elucidation: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
elucidation: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])

Axiom
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that each spatiotemporal region s temporally_projects_onto some temporal region t is to say that t is the temporal extension of s. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [080-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/080-003

Axiom
annotated source: BFO_0000134
annotated property: elucidation
annotated target: To say that spatiotemporal region s spatially_projects_onto spatial region r at t is to say that r is the spatial extent of s at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [081-003])
has axiom label: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo/axiom/081-003

Imp
comment: This rule is dubious: added as a quick fix for expected inference in GO-CAM. The problem is most acute for transmembrane proteins, such as receptors or cell adhesion molecules, which have some subfunctions inside the cell (e.g. kinase activity) and some subfunctions outside (e.g. ligand binding). Correct annotation of where these functions occurs leads to incorrect inference about the location of the whole protein. This should probably be weakened to "... -> overlaps"
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: enables
  argument1: x
  argument2: y
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: occurs in
  argument1: y
  argument2: z
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: part of
  argument1: x
  argument2: z

inferring direct reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction
comment: If a molecular function (X) has a regulatory subfunction, then any gene product which is an input to that subfunction has an activity that directly_regulates X. Note: this is intended for cases where the regaultory subfunction is protein binding, so it could be tightened with an additional clause to specify this.
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: input of
  argument1: B
  argument2: C
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: enabled by
  argument1: A
  argument2: B
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has regulatory component activity
  argument1: D
  argument2: C
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly regulates
  argument1: A
  argument2: D

inferring direct neg reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: input of
  argument1: B
  argument2: C
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: enabled by
  argument1: A
  argument2: B
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has negative regulatory component activity
  argument1: D
  argument2: C
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly negatively regulates
  argument1: A
  argument2: D

inferring direct positive reg edge from input to regulatory subfunction
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: input of
  argument1: B
  argument2: C
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: enabled by
  argument1: A
  argument2: B
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has positive regulatory component activity
  argument1: D
  argument2: C
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly positively regulates
  argument1: A
  argument2: D

effector input is compound function input
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has effector activity
  argument1: mf
  argument2: eff
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has input
  argument1: eff
  argument2: in
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has input
  argument1: mf
  argument2: in

Input of effector is input of its parent MF
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has effector activity
  argument1: mf
  argument2: eff
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has input
  argument1: mf
  argument2: in
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has input
  argument1: eff
  argument2: in

Imp
comment: if effector directly regulates X, its parent MF directly regulates X
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly regulates
  argument1: mf
  argument2: mf2
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has effector activity
  argument1: mf
  argument2: eff
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly regulates
  argument1: eff
  argument2: mf2

Imp
comment: if effector directly positively regulates X, its parent MF directly positively regulates X
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has effector activity
  argument1: mf
  argument2: eff
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly positively regulates
  argument1: mf
  argument2: mf2
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly positively regulates
  argument1: eff
  argument2: mf2

if effector directly negatively regulates X, its parent MF directly negatively regulates X
type: Imp
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly negatively regulates
  argument1: mf
  argument2: mf2
body: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: has effector activity
  argument1: mf
  argument2: eff
head: IndividualPropertyAtom
  property predicate: directly negatively regulates
  argument1: eff
  argument2: mf2