BiPON 1. Copyright of ontology The ontology was created jointly by the BioSys group at the research unit of Applied mathematics and computer science from genomes to the environment (MaIAGE) of the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) France and by the group Bioinformatics of the Laboratoire de recherche en informatique (LRI) of the Université Paris-Sud/CNRS, France. INRA and Université Paris-Sud own the copyright of the ontology BiPON. 2. License terms The ontology BiPON is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA. 3. Notice This product contains references to classes of the Gene Ontology (GO) (http://geneontology.org/) developed by the Gene Ontology consortium, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This product contains references to classes of the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/init.do) developed by the ChEBI consortium. This product contains references to classes of the Sequence Ontology (SO) (http://www.sequenceontology.org/) developed by the SO consortium and are freely reusable. This product contains references to classes of the Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/sbo/main/) developed by the SBO consortium, licensed under the terms of Artistic License 2.0 (https://opensource.org/licenses/artistic-license-2.0.php). This product contains references to properties of the Relation Ontology (RO) (http://www.obofoundry.org/ontology/ro.html) developed by the OBO foundry, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). This product contains references to properties of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) (http://ifomis.uni-saarland.de/bfo/) developed by the BFO consortium, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). 4. Contact For questions and remarks concerning BiPON: Anne Goelzer Anne.Goelzer@inra.fr has_EC_number has_part participates_in starts_with ends_with OBI_0000293 has_input OBI_0000299 has_output RO_0002180 has_subprocess has_participant has_fork_process motif_of cyclisation_of has_template has_position Binds_to located_in able_to_load polymer_of http://www.biomodels.net/kisao/KISAO#KISAO_0000259 has parameter has_parameter has_model has_intermediate_process consumes has_key_element has_model_feature has_model_input has_model_output unit_of key_element_of has_catalyst mathematical description that relates quantities of reactants to the reaction velocity. rate law A numerical value that defines certain characteristics of systems or system functions. It may be part of a calculation, but its value is not determined by the form of the equation itself, and may be arbitrarily assigned. quantitative systems description parameter Synonym: reaction rate constant kinetic constant The Law of Mass Action, first expressed by Waage and Guldberg in 1864 (Waage, P.; Guldberg, C. M. Forhandlinger: Videnskabs-Selskabet i Christiana 1864, 35) states that the speed of a chemical reaction is proportional to the quantity of the reacting substances. More formally, the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. In the case of a reaction occurring in a gas phase, the activities are equal to the partial pressures. In the case of a well-stirred aqueous medium, the activities are equal to the concentrations. In the case of discrete kinetic description, the quantity are expressed in number of molecules and the relevant volume are implicitely embedded in the kinetic constant. mass action rate law Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one reactant. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactant. forward unimolecular rate constant Numerical parameter that quantifies the reverse velocity of a chemical reaction involving only one product. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the product. reverse unimolecular rate constant Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. mass action rate law for irreversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. mass action rate law for reversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. mass action rate law for first order irreversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to two reactant quantity. mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does not include any reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The change of a product quantity is proportional to the quantity of two reactants. mass action rate law for second order irreversible reactions, two reactants Formal representation of a calculus linking parameters and variables of a model. mathematical expression Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the quantity of one reactant. mass action rate law for first order reversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to two reactant quantities. mass action rate law for second order reversible reactions Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. mass action rate law for second order forward, reversible reactions, two reactants Reaction scheme where the products are created from the reactants and the change of a product quantity is proportional to the product of reactant activities. The reaction scheme does include a reverse process that creates the reactants from the products. The rate of the forward process is proportional to the product of two reactant quantities. The rate of the reverse process is proportional to the quantity of one product. It is to be used in a reaction modelled using a continuous framework. mass action rate law for second order forward, first order reverse, reversible reactions, two reactants, continuous scheme Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. forward rate constant Numerical parameter that quantifies the forward velocity of a chemical reaction. This parameter encompasses all the contributions to the velocity except the quantity of the reactants. reverse rate constant An event involving one or more chemical entities that modifies the electrochemical structure of at least one of the participants. biochemical reaction Complete disappearance of a physical entity. degradation Process through which a DNA sequence is copied to produce a complementary RNA. transcription transcription process Process in which a polypeptide chain is produced from a messenger RNA. translation translation process Synonym: [X] concentration of an entity pool Process that involves the participation of chemical or biological entities and is composed of several elementary steps or reactions. composite biochemical process A quantitative measure of an amount or property of an entity expressed in terms of another dimension, such as unit length, area or volume. density of an entity pool Time interval over which a quantified entity is reduced to half its original value. half-life Time taken by a quantity decreasing according to a mono-exponential decay to be divided by two. Sometimes called t1/2. half-life of an exponential decay Monotonic decrease of a quantity proportionally to its value. monoexponential decay rate law Fundamental quantity of the measuring system used to sequence events, to compare the durations of events and the intervals between them, and to quantify the motions or the transformation of entities. The SI base unit for time is the SI second. The second is the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom. temporal measure The enumeration of co-localised, identical biochemical entities of a specific state, which constitute a pool. The form of enumeration may be purely numerical, or may be given in relation to another dimension such as length or volume. The enumeration of co-localised, identical biochemical entities of a specific state, which constitute a pool. The form of enumeration may be purely numerical, or may be given in relation to another dimension such as length or volume. quantity of an entity pool A numerical measure of the quantity, or of some property, of the entities that constitute the entity pool. amount of an entity pool A sequential series of actions, motions, or occurrences, such as chemical reactions, that affect one or more entities in a phenomenologically characteristic manner. modeled process process number used as a multiplicative or exponential factor for quantities, expressions or functions biochemical coefficient The measurable dimensions of an object which are minimally required to define the space that an object occupies. spatial measure The length of an object is the longest measurable distance between its extremities. length A quantity representing the three-dimensional space occupied by all or part of an object. A quantity representing the three-dimensional space occupied by all or part of an object. volume The stoichiometric coefficient represents the degree to which a chemical species participates in a reaction. It corresponds to the number of molecules of a reactant that are consumed or produced with each occurrence of a reaction event. stoichiometric coefficient The numerical quantification of an entity pool. This may be expressed as, for example, the number of molecules or the number of moles of identical entities of which an specific entity pool is comprised. number of entity pool constituents The amount, expressed as a number, of a specific reactant comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed, for example, as the number of molecules, or the number of moles. The participant role 'reactant' is defined in SBO:0000010. number of a reactant The amount of a specific entity pool reactant present per unit of volume. The participant role 'reactant' is defined in SBO:0000010. concentration of reactant The amount, expressed as a number, of a specific product comprising an entity pool. This may be expressed, for example, as the number of molecules, or the number of moles. The participant role 'product' is defined in SBO:0000011. number of a product The amount of a specific entity pool product present per unit of volume. The participant role 'product' is defined in SBO:0000011. concentration of product A value, numerical or symbolic, that defines certain characteristics of systems or system functions, or is necessary in their derivation. systems description parameter A composite biochemical process through which a gene sequence is fully converted into mature gene products. These gene products may include RNA species as well as proteins, and the process encompasses all intermediate steps required to generate the active form of the gene product. genetic production A measure of the rate of growth of an organism, usually in culture. This can be expressed as increase in cell number or, more usually as an increase in dry weight of cells (grams), measured over a unit time period. Usually expressed as hour -1. growth rate The velocity at which a reaction occurs. This may be calculated through the accumulation of a product or consumption of a reactant, and expressed using entity concentrations or amounts per time interval. The rate of reaction may be influenced by temperature, pressure and other factors. Rate of reaction is often referred to as reaction rate or metabolic flux. rate of reaction Parameters that pertain to chemical reactions. reaction parameter Rate of reaction expressed as a change in concentration over time. rate of reaction (concentration) Rate of reaction expressed as a change in enumerated quantity over time. rate of reaction (amount) obo2:BiPON_00003000 Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, DNA molecule. SO:0000954 DNA_chromosome DNA chromosome Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, DNA molecule. SO:ma obo2:BiPON_00003001 Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, double-stranded DNA molecule. SO:0000955 double_stranded_DNA_chromosome double stranded DNA chromosome Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, double-stranded DNA molecule. SO:ma obo2:BiPON_00003002 Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, double-stranded, circular DNA molecule. SO:0000958 circular_double_stranded_DNA_chromosome circular double stranded DNA chromosome Structural unit composed of a self-replicating, double-stranded, circular DNA molecule. SO:ma obo2:BiPON_00003003 An RNA synthesized on a DNA or RNA template by an RNA polymerase. SO:0000673 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA transcript An RNA synthesized on a DNA or RNA template by an RNA polymerase. SO:ma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003004 A transcript which has undergone the necessary modifications, if any, for its function. In eukaryotes this includes, for example, processing of introns, cleavage, base modification, and modifications to the 5' and/or the 3' ends, other than addition of bases. In bacteria functional mRNAs are usually not modified. SO:0000233 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mature_transcript mature_transcript A processed transcript cannot contain introns. mature transcript A transcript which has undergone the necessary modifications, if any, for its function. In eukaryotes this includes, for example, processing of introns, cleavage, base modification, and modifications to the 5' and/or the 3' ends, other than addition of bases. In bacteria functional mRNAs are usually not modified. SO:ke http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mature_transcript wiki obo2:BiPON_00003005 An mRNA with either a single protein product, or for which the regions encoding all its protein products overlap. SO:0000633 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocistronic_mRNA monocistronic processed transcript monocistronic_mRNA monocistronic mRNA An mRNA with either a single protein product, or for which the regions encoding all its protein products overlap. SO:rd http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocistronic_mRNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003006 An mRNA that encodes multiple proteins from at least two non-overlapping regions. SO:0000634 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycistronic_mRNA polycistronic_mRNA polycistronic processed transcript polycistronic mRNA An mRNA that encodes multiple proteins from at least two non-overlapping regions. SO:rd http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycistronic_mRNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003007 A small (184-nt in E. coli) RNA that forms a hairpin type structure. 6S RNA associates with RNA polymerase in a highly specific manner. 6S RNA represses expression from a sigma70-dependent promoter during stationary phase. SO:0000376 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6S_RNA 6S RNA RNA_6S RNA 6S A small (184-nt in E. coli) RNA that forms a hairpin type structure. 6S RNA associates with RNA polymerase in a highly specific manner. 6S RNA represses expression from a sigma70-dependent promoter during stationary phase. http://www.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/Rfam/getacc?RF00013 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6S_RNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003008 A tmRNA liberates a mRNA from a stalled ribosome. To accomplish this part of the tmRNA is used as a reading frame that ends in a translation stop signal. The broken mRNA is replaced in the ribosome by the tmRNA and translation of the tmRNA leads to addition of a proteolysis tag to the incomplete protein enabling recognition by a protease. Recently a number of permuted tmRNAs genes have been found encoded in two parts. TmRNAs have been identified in eubacteria and some chloroplasts but are absent from archeal and Eukaryote nuclear genomes. SO:0000584 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TmRNA 10Sa RNA ssrA tmRNA A tmRNA liberates a mRNA from a stalled ribosome. To accomplish this part of the tmRNA is used as a reading frame that ends in a translation stop signal. The broken mRNA is replaced in the ribosome by the tmRNA and translation of the tmRNA leads to addition of a proteolysis tag to the incomplete protein enabling recognition by a protease. Recently a number of permuted tmRNAs genes have been found encoded in two parts. TmRNAs have been identified in eubacteria and some chloroplasts but are absent from archeal and Eukaryote nuclear genomes. http://www.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/Rfam/getacc?RF00023 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TmRNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003009 Ribosomal RNA transcript that structures the large subunit of the ribosome. SO:0000651 LSU RNA LSU rRNA large_subunit_rRNA large subunit rRNA Ribosomal RNA transcript that structures the large subunit of the ribosome. SO:ke LSU RNA RSC:cb LSU rRNA RSC:cb obo2:BiPON_00003010 A large polynucleotide in Bacteria and Archaea, which functions as the large subunit of the ribosome. SO:0001001 23S LSU rRNA 23S rRNA rRNA_23S 23S ribosomal RNA rRNA 23S A large polynucleotide in Bacteria and Archaea, which functions as the large subunit of the ribosome. SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003011 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is a component of the large ribosomal subunit in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In eukaryotes, it is synthesised by RNA polymerase III (the other eukaryotic rRNAs are cleaved from a 45S precursor synthesised by RNA polymerase I). In Xenopus oocytes, it has been shown that fingers 4-7 of the nine-zinc finger transcription factor TFIIIA can bind to the central region of 5S RNA. Thus, in addition to positively regulating 5S rRNA transcription, TFIIIA also stabilizes 5S rRNA until it is required for transcription. SO:0000652 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5S_ribosomal_RNA 5S LSU rRNA 5S rRNA 5S ribosomal RNA rRNA_5S rRNA 5S 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is a component of the large ribosomal subunit in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In eukaryotes, it is synthesised by RNA polymerase III (the other eukaryotic rRNAs are cleaved from a 45S precursor synthesised by RNA polymerase I). In Xenopus oocytes, it has been shown that fingers 4-7 of the nine-zinc finger transcription factor TFIIIA can bind to the central region of 5S RNA. Thus, in addition to positively regulating 5S rRNA transcription, TFIIIA also stabilizes 5S rRNA until it is required for transcription. http://www.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/Rfam/getacc?RF00001 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5S_ribosomal_RNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003012 Ribosomal RNA transcript that structures the small subunit of the ribosome. SO:0000650 SSU RNA SSU rRNA small_subunit_rRNA small subunit rRNA Ribosomal RNA transcript that structures the small subunit of the ribosome. SO:ke SSU RNA RSC:cb SSU rRNA RSC:cb obo2:BiPON_00003013 A large polynucleotide in Bacteria and Archaea, which functions as the small subunit of the ribosome. SO:0001000 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16S_ribosomal_RNA 16S SSU RNA 16S ribosomal RNA rRNA_16S 16S rRNA rRNA 16S A large polynucleotide in Bacteria and Archaea, which functions as the small subunit of the ribosome. SO:ke http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/16S_ribosomal_RNA wiki obo2:BiPON_00003014 A transcript that in its initial state requires modification to be functional. SO:0000185 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_transcript precursor RNA primary_transcript primary transcript A transcript that in its initial state requires modification to be functional. SO:ma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_transcript wiki obo2:BiPON_00003015 A primary transcript that is never translated into a protein. SO:0000483 nc primary transcript nc_primary_transcript noncoding primary transcript A primary transcript that is never translated into a protein. SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003016 A primary transcript encoding a tmRNA (SO:0000584). SO:0000586 tmRNA_primary_transcript 10Sa RNA primary transcript ssrA RNA primary transcript tmRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding a tmRNA (SO:0000584). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003017 A primary transcript encoding a ribosomal RNA. SO:0000209 rRNA_primary_transcript ribosomal RNA primary transcript rRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding a ribosomal RNA. SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003018 A primary transcript encoding a transfer RNA (SO:0000253). SO:0000210 tRNA_primary_transcript tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding a transfer RNA (SO:0000253). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003019 A primary transcript that, at least in part, encodes one or more proteins. SO:0000120 protein_coding_primary_transcript pre mRNA May contain introns. protein coding primary transcript A primary transcript that, at least in part, encodes one or more proteins. SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003020 A primary transcript encoding alanyl tRNA. SO:0000211 alanine_tRNA_primary_transcript alanine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding alanyl tRNA. SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003021 A primary transcript encoding arginyl tRNA (SO:0000255). SO:0000212 arginine_tRNA_primary_transcript arginine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding arginyl tRNA (SO:0000255). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003022 A primary transcript encoding asparaginyl tRNA (SO:0000256). SO:0000213 asparagine_tRNA_primary_transcript asparagine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding asparaginyl tRNA (SO:0000256). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003023 A primary transcript encoding aspartyl tRNA (SO:0000257). SO:0000214 aspartic_acid_tRNA_primary_transcript aspartic acid tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding aspartyl tRNA (SO:0000257). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003024 A primary transcript encoding cysteinyl tRNA (SO:0000258). SO:0000215 cysteine_tRNA_primary_transcript cysteine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding cysteinyl tRNA (SO:0000258). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003025 A primary transcript encoding glutaminyl tRNA (SO:0000260). SO:0000216 glutamic_acid_tRNA_primary_transcript glutamic acid tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding glutaminyl tRNA (SO:0000260). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003026 A primary transcript encoding glutamyl tRNA (SO:0000260). SO:0000217 glutamine_tRNA_primary_transcript glutamine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding glutamyl tRNA (SO:0000260). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003027 A primary transcript encoding glycyl tRNA (SO:0000263). SO:0000218 glycine_tRNA_primary_transcript glycine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding glycyl tRNA (SO:0000263). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003028 A primary transcript encoding histidyl tRNA (SO:0000262). SO:0000219 histidine_tRNA_primary_transcript histidine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding histidyl tRNA (SO:0000262). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003029 A primary transcript encoding isoleucyl tRNA (SO:0000263). SO:0000220 isoleucine_tRNA_primary_transcript isoleucine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding isoleucyl tRNA (SO:0000263). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003030 A primary transcript encoding leucyl tRNA (SO:0000264). SO:0000221 leucine_tRNA_primary_transcript leucine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding leucyl tRNA (SO:0000264). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003031 A primary transcript encoding lysyl tRNA (SO:0000265). SO:0000222 lysine_tRNA_primary_transcript lysine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding lysyl tRNA (SO:0000265). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003032 A primary transcript encoding methionyl tRNA (SO:0000266). SO:0000223 methionine_tRNA_primary_transcript methionine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding methionyl tRNA (SO:0000266). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003033 A primary transcript encoding phenylalanyl tRNA (SO:0000267). SO:0000224 phenylalanine_tRNA_primary_transcript phenylalanine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding phenylalanyl tRNA (SO:0000267). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003034 A primary transcript encoding prolyl tRNA (SO:0000268). SO:0000225 proline_tRNA_primary_transcript proline tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding prolyl tRNA (SO:0000268). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003035 A primary transcript encoding pyrrolysyl tRNA (SO:0000766). SO:0001178 pyrrolysine_tRNA_primary_transcript pyrrolysine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding pyrrolysyl tRNA (SO:0000766). RSC:cb obo2:BiPON_00003036 A primary transcript encoding seryl tRNA (SO:000269). SO:0000226 serine_tRNA_primary_transcript serine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding seryl tRNA (SO:000269). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003037 A primary transcript encoding threonyl tRNA (SO:000270). SO:0000227 threonine_tRNA_primary_transcript threonine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding threonyl tRNA (SO:000270). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003038 A primary transcript encoding tryptophanyl tRNA (SO:000271). SO:0000228 tryptophan_tRNA_primary_transcript tryptophan tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding tryptophanyl tRNA (SO:000271). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003039 A primary transcript encoding tyrosyl tRNA (SO:000272). SO:0000229 tyrosine_tRNA_primary_transcript tyrosine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding tyrosyl tRNA (SO:000272). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_00003040 A primary transcript encoding valyl tRNA (SO:000273). SO:0000230 valine_tRNA_primary_transcript valine tRNA primary transcript A primary transcript encoding valyl tRNA (SO:000273). SO:ke obo2:BiPON_0008033 The set of successive processes in which a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to a mature tRNA, ready for addition of an aminoacyl group. maturation of tRNA KEGG COMPOUND:C02211 tRNA precursor chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n CHEBI:10668 tRNA precursor CHEBI:10668 KEGG COMPOUND:C02211 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA precursor KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: . Met-tRNA(fMet) Met-tRNA(fMet) chebi_ontology . CHEBI:13145 Met-tRNA(fMet) CHEBI:13145 Met-tRNA(fMet) CBN: . ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_15346 A thiol comprising a panthothenate unit in phosphoric anhydride linkage with a 3',5'-adenosine diphosphate unit; and an aminoethanethiol unit. InChI=1S/C21H36N7O16P3S/c1-21(2,16(31)19(32)24-4-3-12(29)23-5-6-48)8-41-47(38,39)44-46(36,37)40-7-11-15(43-45(33,34)35)14(30)20(42-11)28-10-27-13-17(22)25-9-26-18(13)28/h9-11,14-16,20,30-31,48H,3-8H2,1-2H3,(H,23,29)(H,24,32)(H,36,37)(H,38,39)(H2,22,25,26)(H2,33,34,35)/t11-,14-,15-,16+,20-/m1/s1 InChIKey=RGJOEKWQDUBAIZ-IBOSZNHHSA-N CC(C)(COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCS 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-{3-[(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)butyl] dihydrogen diphosphate} 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine C21H36N7O16P3S COENZYME A CoA CoA-SH CoASH Coenzym A Coenzyme A HSCoA Koenzym A [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)butyl dihydrogen diphosphate (non-preferred name) [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutyl dihydrogen diphosphate [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3S)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)butyl dihydrogen diphosphate (non-preferred name) CHEBI:13294 CHEBI:13295 CHEBI:13298 CHEBI:23355 CHEBI:3771 CHEBI:41597 CHEBI:41631 CHEBI:741566 Beilstein:77809 ChEMBL:7310833 ChemIDplus:85-61-0 CiteXplore:11923312 CiteXplore:13025483 CiteXplore:15014152 CiteXplore:15893380 CiteXplore:18407920 CiteXplore:19666462 CiteXplore:20351285 CiteXplore:2981478 DrugBank:DB01992 KEGG COMPOUND:85-61-0 KEGG COMPOUND:C00010 KNApSAcK:C00007258 PDBeChem:COA PDBeChem:COZ Wikipedia:Coenzyme_A coenzyme A obo2:CHEBI_15356 A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. InChI=1S/C3H7NO2S/c4-2(1-7)3(5)6/h2,7H,1,4H2,(H,5,6) InChIKey=XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CS)C(O)=O 2-Amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid 2-amino-3-sulfanylpropanoic acid C C3H7NO2S Cys Cystein Cysteine Hcys Zystein cisteina cysteine CHEBI:14061 CHEBI:23508 CHEBI:4050 Beilstein:1721406 ChemIDplus:3374-22-9 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:25181601 Gmelin:2933 KEGG COMPOUND:3374-22-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00736 KNApSAcK:C00001351 KNApSAcK:C00007323 NIST Chemistry WebBook:3374-22-9 Reaxys:1721406 Wikipedia:Cysteine cysteine An inorganic hydroxy compound that has formula H2O. CHEBI:10743 CHEBI:13352 CHEBI:27313 CHEBI:42043 CHEBI:42857 CHEBI:43228 CHEBI:44292 CHEBI:44701 CHEBI:44819 CHEBI:5585 Beilstein:3587155 ChemIDplus:7732-18-5 Gmelin:117 KEGG COMPOUND:7732-18-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00001 KEGG DRUG:D00001 MetaCyc:WATER MolBase:1 NIST Chemistry WebBook:7732-18-5 PDBeChem:DIS PDBeChem:GTE PDBeChem:HOH PDBeChem:MTO PDBeChem:O PDBeChem:OX Wikipedia:Water WATER Water oxidane water chebi_ontology BOUND OXYGEN BOUND WATER DISORDERED SOLVENT GLUCOSE 4-O4 GROUP H2O HOH InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2 InChIKey=XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N OXYGEN ATOM Wasser [H]O[H] [OH2] acqua agua aqua dihydridooxygen dihydrogen oxide eau hydrogen hydroxide CHEBI:15377 water CHEBI:15377 Beilstein:3587155 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number Gmelin:117 Gmelin Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00001 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG DRUG:D00001 KEGG DRUG MetaCyc:WATER MetaCyc MolBase:1 MolBase NIST Chemistry WebBook:7732-18-5 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:DIS PDBeChem PDBeChem:GTE PDBeChem PDBeChem:HOH PDBeChem PDBeChem:MTO PDBeChem PDBeChem:O PDBeChem PDBeChem:OX PDBeChem Wikipedia:Water Wikipedia WATER PDBeChem: Water KEGG COMPOUND: oxidane IUPAC: water IUPAC: water PDBeChem: BOUND OXYGEN PDBeChem: BOUND WATER PDBeChem: DISORDERED SOLVENT PDBeChem: GLUCOSE 4-O4 GROUP PDBeChem: H2O ChEBI: H2O KEGG COMPOUND: H2O UniProt: HOH ChEBI: InChI=1S/H2O/h1H2 ChEBI: InChIKey=XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: OXYGEN ATOM PDBeChem: Wasser ChEBI: [H]O[H] ChEBI: [OH2] IUPAC: acqua ChEBI: agua ChEBI: aqua ChEBI: dihydridooxygen IUPAC: dihydrogen oxide IUPAC: eau ChEBI: hydrogen hydroxide ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_15414 A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine. InChI=1S/C15H22N6O5S/c1-27(3-2-7(16)15(24)25)4-8-10(22)11(23)14(26-8)21-6-20-9-12(17)18-5-19-13(9)21/h5-8,10-11,14,22-23H,2-4,16H2,1H3,(H2-,17,18,19,24,25)/p+1/t7-,8+,10+,11+,14+,27?/m0/s1 InChIKey=MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-O C[S+](CC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)C[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1cnc2c(N)ncnc12 (2S)-2-amino-4-[{[(2S,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl}(methyl)sulfonio]butanoate (non-preferred name) (3S)-5'-[(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)methylsulfonio]-5'-deoxyadenosine, inner salt Acylcarnitine AdoMet C15H23N6O5S S-(5'-deoxyadenosin-5'-yl)-L-methionine S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE S-Adenosyl-L-methionine S-Adenosylmethionine S-adenosyl-L-methionine S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) S-adenosylmethionine SAM SAMe [(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](5'-deoxyadenosin-5'-yl)(methyl)sulfonium [1-(adenin-9-yl)-1,5-dideoxy-beta-D-ribofuranos-5-yl][(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl](methyl)sulfonium CHEBI:10786 CHEBI:10833 CHEBI:12742 CHEBI:12757 CHEBI:12760 CHEBI:22036 CHEBI:45607 CHEBI:527887 CHEBI:8946 Beilstein:3576439 COMe:MOL000172 ChemIDplus:29908-03-0 CiteXplore:11017945 CiteXplore:17439666 DrugBank:DB00118 HMDB:HMDB01185 KEGG COMPOUND:29908-03-0 KEGG COMPOUND:C00019 MetaCyc:S-ADENOSYLMETHIONINE Reaxys:3919754 Wikipedia:S-Adenosyl_methionine S-adenosyl-L-methionine obo2:CHEBI_15422 An adenosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It is involved in the transportation of chemical energy during metabolic pathways. InChI=1S/C10H16N5O13P3/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(26-10)1-25-30(21,22)28-31(23,24)27-29(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H,23,24)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 InChIKey=ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ADENOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE ATP Adenosine 5'-triphosphate Adenosine triphosphate C10H16N5O13P3 H4atp adenosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) CHEBI:10789 CHEBI:10841 CHEBI:13236 CHEBI:22249 CHEBI:2359 CHEBI:40938 Beilstein:73010 ChemIDplus:56-65-5 DrugBank:DB00171 Gmelin:34857 HMDB:HMDB00538 KEGG COMPOUND:56-65-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00002 KEGG DRUG:D08646 KNApSAcK:C00001491 PDBeChem:ATP Patent:US3079379 Reaxys:73010 Wikipedia:Adenosine_triphosphate ATP obo2:CHEBI_15428 The simplest (and the only achiral) proteinogenic amino acid, with a hydrogen atom as its side chain. InChI=1S/C2H5NO2/c3-1-2(4)5/h1,3H2,(H,4,5) InChIKey=DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCC(O)=O Aminoacetic acid Aminoessigsaeure C2H5NO2 G GLYCINE Gly Glycin Glycine Glycocoll Glykokoll Glyzin H2N-CH2-COOH Hgly Leimzucker aminoacetic acid aminoethanoic acid glycine CHEBI:10792 CHEBI:14344 CHEBI:24368 CHEBI:42964 CHEBI:5460 Beilstein:635782 ChemIDplus:56-40-6 CiteXplore:10930630 CiteXplore:11019925 CiteXplore:11174716 CiteXplore:11542461 CiteXplore:11806864 CiteXplore:12631515 CiteXplore:12754315 CiteXplore:12770151 CiteXplore:12921899 CiteXplore:15331688 CiteXplore:15388434 CiteXplore:15710237 CiteXplore:16105183 CiteXplore:16151895 CiteXplore:16214212 CiteXplore:16417482 CiteXplore:16444815 CiteXplore:16664855 CiteXplore:16901953 CiteXplore:16918424 CiteXplore:16986325 CiteXplore:16998855 CiteXplore:17154252 CiteXplore:17383967 CiteXplore:17582620 CiteXplore:17970719 CiteXplore:18079355 CiteXplore:18396796 CiteXplore:18440992 CiteXplore:18593588 CiteXplore:18816054 CiteXplore:18840508 CiteXplore:19028609 CiteXplore:19120667 CiteXplore:19449910 CiteXplore:19526731 CiteXplore:19544666 CiteXplore:19738917 CiteXplore:19916621 CiteXplore:19924257 CiteXplore:21751272 CiteXplore:22044190 CiteXplore:22079563 CiteXplore:22234938 CiteXplore:22264337 CiteXplore:22293292 CiteXplore:22401276 CiteXplore:22434786 DrugBank:DB00145 ECMDB:ECMDB00123 Gmelin:1808 HMDB:HMDB00123 KEGG COMPOUND:56-40-6 KEGG COMPOUND:C00037 KEGG DRUG:D00011 KNApSAcK:C00001361 MetaCyc:GLY NIST Chemistry WebBook:56-40-6 PDBeChem:GLY Reaxys:635782 Wikipedia:Glycine YMDB:YMDB00016 glycine A form of tetrahydrofolate that acts as a donor of formyl groups in anabolism. In these reactions 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid is used as a substrate in formyltransferase reactions, which is important in purine biosynthesis. CHEBI:11304 CHEBI:19108 CHEBI:19109 CHEBI:698 Beilstein:101559 ChemIDplus:2800-34-2 KEGG COMPOUND:2800-34-2 KEGG COMPOUND:C00234 KNApSAcK:C00007251 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid N-[4-(N-{[(6S)-2-amino-4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}formamido)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid chebi_ontology (6S)-10-HCO-H4folate 10-FTHF 10-Formyl-THF 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate 10-formyltetrahydropteroylglutamic acid C20H23N7O7 InChI=1S/C20H23N7O7/c21-20-25-16-15(18(32)26-20)23-11(7-22-16)8-27(9-28)12-3-1-10(2-4-12)17(31)24-13(19(33)34)5-6-14(29)30/h1-4,9,11,13,23H,5-8H2,(H,24,31)(H,29,30)(H,33,34)(H4,21,22,25,26,32)/t11-,13+/m1/s1 InChIKey=AUFGTPPARQZWDO-YPMHNXCESA-N N-(10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl)-L-glutamic acid [H]C(=O)N(C[C@H]1CNc2nc(N)[nH]c(=O)c2N1)c1ccc(cc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O CHEBI:15637 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid CHEBI:15637 Beilstein:101559 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:2800-34-2 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:2800-34-2 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00234 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00007251 KNApSAcK 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid UniProt: N-[4-(N-{[(6S)-2-amino-4-oxo-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}formamido)benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid IUPAC: (6S)-10-HCO-H4folate JCBN: 10-FTHF ChemIDplus: 10-Formyl-THF KEGG COMPOUND: 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate KEGG COMPOUND: 10-formyltetrahydropteroylglutamic acid ChemIDplus: C20H23N7O7 KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C20H23N7O7/c21-20-25-16-15(18(32)26-20)23-11(7-22-16)8-27(9-28)12-3-1-10(2-4-12)17(31)24-13(19(33)34)5-6-14(29)30/h1-4,9,11,13,23H,5-8H2,(H,24,31)(H,29,30)(H,33,34)(H4,21,22,25,26,32)/t11-,13+/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=AUFGTPPARQZWDO-YPMHNXCESA-N ChEBI: N-(10-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroyl)-L-glutamic acid ChEBI: [H]C(=O)N(C[C@H]1CNc2nc(N)[nH]c(=O)c2N1)c1ccc(cc1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O ChEBI: A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having cytosine as the nucleobase. CHEBI:19240 CHEBI:41417 CHEBI:41430 CHEBI:41806 CHEBI:4407 Beilstein:87567 ChemIDplus:951-77-9 CiteXplore:15778433 DrugBank:DB02594 Gmelin:1321747 HMDB:HMDB00014 KEGG COMPOUND:951-77-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00881 MetaCyc:DEOXYCYTIDINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:951-77-9 PDBeChem:DCZ Reaxys:87567 Wikipedia:Deoxycytidine 2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE 2'-Deoxycytidine 2'-deoxycytidine chebi_ontology 4-amino-1-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one C9H13N3O4 Deoxycytidine InChI=1S/C9H13N3O4/c10-7-1-2-12(9(15)11-7)8-3-5(14)6(4-13)16-8/h1-2,5-6,8,13-14H,3-4H2,(H2,10,11,15)/t5-,6+,8+/m0/s1 InChIKey=CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-SHYZEUOFSA-N Nc1ccn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c(=O)n1 dC dCYD CHEBI:15698 2'-deoxycytidine CHEBI:15698 Beilstein:87567 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:951-77-9 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:15778433 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB02594 DrugBank Gmelin:1321747 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00014 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:951-77-9 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00881 KEGG COMPOUND MetaCyc:DEOXYCYTIDINE MetaCyc NIST Chemistry WebBook:951-77-9 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:DCZ PDBeChem Reaxys:87567 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Deoxycytidine Wikipedia 2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE PDBeChem: 2'-Deoxycytidine KEGG COMPOUND: 2'-deoxycytidine IUPAC: 2'-deoxycytidine UniProt: 4-amino-1-[(2R,4S,5R)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one IUPAC: C9H13N3O4 KEGG COMPOUND: Deoxycytidine KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C9H13N3O4/c10-7-1-2-12(9(15)11-7)8-3-5(14)6(4-13)16-8/h1-2,5-6,8,13-14H,3-4H2,(H2,10,11,15)/t5-,6+,8+/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=CKTSBUTUHBMZGZ-SHYZEUOFSA-N ChEBI: Nc1ccn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c(=O)n1 ChEBI: dC ChEBI: dCYD ChemIDplus: obo2:CHEBI_15713 A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate having uracil as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C9H15N2O15P3/c12-5-1-2-11(9(15)10-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(24-8)3-23-28(19,20)26-29(21,22)25-27(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H,10,12,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=PGAVKCOVUIYSFO-XVFCMESISA-N O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O 5'-UTP C9H15N2O15P3 H4utp UTP Uridine 5'-triphosphate Uridine triphosphate uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) uridine 5'-triphosphoric acid CHEBI:13510 CHEBI:27233 CHEBI:9850 Beilstein:71520 ChemIDplus:63-39-8 DrugBank:DB04005 Gmelin:307896 KEGG COMPOUND:63-39-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00075 PDBeChem:UTP UTP A peptide containing ten or more amino acid residues. CHEBI:14860 CHEBI:8314 KEGG COMPOUND:C00403 Polypeptide polypeptide polypeptides chebi_ontology C4H6N2O3R2(C2H2NOR)n Polypeptid polipeptido CHEBI:15841 polypeptide CHEBI:15841 KEGG COMPOUND:C00403 KEGG COMPOUND Polypeptide KEGG COMPOUND: polypeptide UniProt: polypeptides IUPAC: C4H6N2O3R2(C2H2NOR)n KEGG COMPOUND: Polypeptid ChEBI: polipeptido ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_15986 A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues. C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n Polynucleotide polynucleotides CHEBI:13672 CHEBI:14859 CHEBI:8312 KEGG COMPOUND:C00419 polynucleotide obo2:CHEBI_15996 A purine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate that has formula C10H16N5O14P3. InChI=1S/C10H16N5O14P3/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(27-9)1-26-31(22,23)29-32(24,25)28-30(19,20)21/h2-3,5-6,9,16-17H,1H2,(H,22,23)(H,24,25)(H2,19,20,21)(H3,11,13,14,18)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 InChIKey=XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 5'-GTP C10H16N5O14P3 GTP GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE Guanosine 5'-triphosphate H4gtp guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) guanosine 5'-triphosphoric acid guanosine triphosphate CHEBI:13342 CHEBI:24451 CHEBI:42934 CHEBI:5234 Beilstein:74004 ChemIDplus:1201437 ChemIDplus:86-01-1 DrugBank:DB04137 KEGG COMPOUND:86-01-1 KEGG COMPOUND:C00044 KNApSAcK:C00007223 PDBeChem:GTP GTP obo2:CHEBI_16027 A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C10H14N5O7P/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(22-10)1-21-23(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 InChIKey=UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 5'-AMP 5'-Adenosine monophosphate 5'-Adenylic acid 5'-O-phosphonoadenosine 5'-adenylic acid ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE ADENOSINE-5'-MONOPHOSPHATE AMP Adenosine 5'-monophosphate Adenosine 5'-phosphate Adenosine-5'-monophosphoric acid Adenylate Adenylic acid Ado5'P C10H14N5O7P PAdo adenosine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) adenosine phosphate adenosine-5'P adenosini phosphas fosfato de adenosina pA phosphate d'adenosine CHEBI:12056 CHEBI:13234 CHEBI:13235 CHEBI:13736 CHEBI:13740 CHEBI:22242 CHEBI:22245 CHEBI:2356 CHEBI:40510 CHEBI:40726 CHEBI:40786 CHEBI:40826 CHEBI:47222 Beilstein:54612 COMe:MOL000174 ChemIDplus:61-19-8 CiteXplore:11307758 CiteXplore:12020809 CiteXplore:12181610 CiteXplore:15148540 CiteXplore:15946677 CiteXplore:16091942 CiteXplore:16250233 CiteXplore:16295522 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:22215671 CiteXplore:22624049 CiteXplore:2559771 DrugBank:DB00131 Gmelin:38561 HMDB:HMDB00045 KEGG COMPOUND:61-19-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00020 KEGG DRUG:D02769 KNApSAcK:C00019347 MetaCyc:AMP PDBeChem:AMP Reaxys:54612 Wikipedia:Adenylic_acid AMP obo2:CHEBI_16040 An aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidin-2-one having the amino group located at position 4. InChI=1S/C4H5N3O/c5-3-1-2-6-4(8)7-3/h1-2H,(H3,5,6,7,8) InChIKey=OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1cc[nH]c(=O)n1 4-amino-2(1H)-pyrimidinone 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine 4-aminopyrimidin-2(1H)-one C C4H5N3O Cyt Cytosin Cytosine Zytosin cytosine CHEBI:14066 CHEBI:23531 CHEBI:4072 CHEBI:41732 Beilstein:2637 ChemIDplus:71-30-7 CiteXplore:14253484 CiteXplore:22770225 CiteXplore:7877593 Gmelin:82472 HMDB:HMDB00630 KEGG COMPOUND:71-30-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C00380 KNApSAcK:C00001498 MetaCyc:CYTOSINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:71-30-7 PDBeChem:CYT Reaxys:2637 Wikipedia:Cytosine cytosine CHEBI:14937 CHEBI:29983 CHEBI:43924 CHEBI:8535 KEGG COMPOUND:C03023 PDBeChem:MET_LL RESID:AA0013 L-methionine residue chebi_ontology -Met- C5H9NOS L-Methionine L-methionine L-methionyl M Met Protein L-methionine CHEBI:16044 L-methionine residue CHEBI:16044 KEGG COMPOUND:C03023 KEGG COMPOUND PDBeChem:MET_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0013 RESID L-methionine residue JCBN: L-methionine residue UniProt: -Met- JCBN: C5H9NOS RESID: L-Methionine PDBeChem: L-methionine RESID: L-methionyl ChEBI: M JCBN: Met JCBN: Protein L-methionine KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13137 CHEBI:13138 CHEBI:6267 KEGG COMPOUND:C01931 Lys-tRNA(Lys) chebi_ontology . C6H13N2O2R L-Lysyl-tRNA L-Lysyl-tRNA(Lys) CHEBI:16047 Lys-tRNA(Lys) CHEBI:16047 KEGG COMPOUND:C01931 KEGG COMPOUND Lys-tRNA(Lys) CBN: . ChEBI: C6H13N2O2R KEGG COMPOUND: L-Lysyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: L-Lysyl-tRNA(Lys) KEGG COMPOUND: obo2:CHEBI_16174 A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C10H15N5O9P2/c11-9-8-10(13-3-12-9)15(4-14-8)7-1-5(16)6(23-7)2-22-26(20,21)24-25(17,18)19/h3-7,16H,1-2H2,(H,20,21)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,17,18,19)/t5-,6+,7+/m0/s1 InChIKey=DAEAPNUQQAICNR-RRKCRQDMSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O1 2'-DEOXYADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE 2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate C10H15N5O9P2 dADP deoxyadenosine diphosphate CHEBI:10489 CHEBI:14067 CHEBI:19235 CHEBI:41890 CiteXplore:11947151 CiteXplore:1545776 CiteXplore:23721485 CiteXplore:5316336 CiteXplore:5316337 CiteXplore:5316338 CiteXplore:6980023 HMDB:HMDB01508 KEGG COMPOUND:C00206 PDBeChem:DAT Wikipedia:Deoxyadenosine_diphosphate dADP obo2:CHEBI_16235 A 2-aminopurine carrying a 6-oxo substituent. InChI=1S/C5H5N5O/c6-5-9-3-2(4(11)10-5)7-1-8-3/h1H,(H4,6,7,8,9,10,11) InChIKey=UYTPUPDQBNUYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1nc2[nH]cnc2c(=O)[nH]1 2-Amino-6-hydroxypurine 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one 2-amino-6-oxopurine C5H5N5O G GUANINE Gua Guanine guanine CHEBI:14371 CHEBI:14372 CHEBI:24443 CHEBI:42948 CHEBI:5563 Beilstein:147911 ChemIDplus:73-40-5 CiteXplore:22770225 CiteXplore:8070089 DrugBank:DB02377 Gmelin:431879 HMDB:HMDB00132 KEGG COMPOUND:73-40-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00242 KNApSAcK:C00001501 MetaCyc:GUANINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:73-40-5 PDBeChem:GUN Reaxys:147911 Wikipedia:Guanine guanine A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. CHEBI:13734 CHEBI:22237 CHEBI:2472 CHEBI:40558 CHEBI:40825 CHEBI:40906 Beilstein:93029 ChemIDplus:58-61-7 CiteXplore:11213237 CiteXplore:11820865 CiteXplore:11978011 CiteXplore:16183671 CiteXplore:16917093 CiteXplore:17190852 CiteXplore:18000974 CiteXplore:21848266 CiteXplore:323854 DrugBank:DB00640 ECMDB:ECMDB00050 Gmelin:53385 HMDB:HMDB00050 KEGG COMPOUND:58-61-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C00212 KEGG DRUG:D00045 KNApSAcK:C00007444 MetaCyc:ADENOSINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:58-61-7 PDBeChem:ADN Reaxys:93029 Wikipedia:Adenosine YMDB:YMDB00058 ADENOSINE Adenosine adenosine chebi_ontology (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol 6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosidoadenine 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-amine 9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-amine 9beta-D-Ribofuranosyladenine Ade-Rib Adenine Deoxyribonucleoside Adenine nucleoside Adenocard Adenocor Adenoscan Adenosin Adenyldeoxyriboside Ado Boniton C10H13N5O4 Deoxyadenosine Desoxyadenosine InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 InChIKey=OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O beta-D-Adenosine CHEBI:16335 adenosine CHEBI:16335 Beilstein:93029 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:58-61-7 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:11213237 PubMed citation CiteXplore:11820865 PubMed citation CiteXplore:11978011 PubMed citation CiteXplore:16183671 PubMed citation CiteXplore:16917093 PubMed citation CiteXplore:17190852 PubMed citation CiteXplore:18000974 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21848266 PubMed citation CiteXplore:323854 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB00640 DrugBank ECMDB:ECMDB00050 ECMDB Gmelin:53385 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00050 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:58-61-7 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00212 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG DRUG:D00045 KEGG DRUG KNApSAcK:C00007444 KNApSAcK MetaCyc:ADENOSINE MetaCyc NIST Chemistry WebBook:58-61-7 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:ADN PDBeChem Reaxys:93029 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Adenosine Wikipedia YMDB:YMDB00058 YMDB ADENOSINE PDBeChem: Adenosine KEGG COMPOUND: adenosine IUPAC: adenosine UniProt: (2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol DrugBank: 6-Amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purine ChemIDplus: 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosidoadenine ChemIDplus: 9-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-amine ChemIDplus: 9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6-amine ChEBI: 9beta-D-Ribofuranosyladenine ChEBI: Ade-Rib CBN: Adenine Deoxyribonucleoside DrugBank: Adenine nucleoside ChEBI: Adenocard DrugBank: Adenocor DrugBank: Adenoscan DrugBank: Adenosin ChEBI: Adenyldeoxyriboside DrugBank: Ado CBN: Boniton ChEBI: C10H13N5O4 KEGG COMPOUND: Deoxyadenosine DrugBank: Desoxyadenosine DrugBank: InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(18)6(17)4(1-16)19-10/h2-4,6-7,10,16-18H,1H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=OIRDTQYFTABQOQ-KQYNXXCUSA-N ChEBI: Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: beta-D-Adenosine ChemIDplus: obo2:CHEBI_16449 An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6) InChIKey=QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(N)C(O)=O 2-Aminopropanoic acid 2-Aminopropionic acid 2-aminopropanoic acid A ALA Alanin Alanine C3H7NO2 alanina alanine CHEBI:13748 CHEBI:22277 CHEBI:2539 Beilstein:635807 ChemIDplus:302-72-7 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:22264337 Gmelin:2449 KEGG COMPOUND:302-72-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C01401 NIST Chemistry WebBook:302-72-7 Reaxys:635807 Wikipedia:Alanine alanine A naturally occurring polypeptide synthesized at the ribosome. CHEBI:8526 KEGG COMPOUND:C00017 chebi_ontology Protein polypeptide chain protein polypeptide chains CHEBI:16541 protein polypeptide chain CHEBI:16541 KEGG COMPOUND:C00017 KEGG COMPOUND Protein KEGG COMPOUND: polypeptide chain ChEBI: protein polypeptide chains ChEBI: CHEBI:13133 CHEBI:13134 CHEBI:6262 KEGG COMPOUND:C02047 Leu-tRNA(Leu) chebi_ontology C21H32N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Leucyl-tRNA L-Leucyl-tRNA(Leu) CHEBI:16624 Leu-tRNA(Leu) CHEBI:16624 KEGG COMPOUND:C02047 KEGG COMPOUND Leu-tRNA(Leu) CBN: C21H32N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Leucyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: L-Leucyl-tRNA(Leu) KEGG COMPOUND: (C5H8O6P)nC20H30N6O11PSR2 C20H30N6O11PSR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Methionyl-tRNA L-Methionyl-tRNA(Met) Met-tRNA(Met) CHEBI:13143 CHEBI:13144 CHEBI:6274 KEGG COMPOUND:C02430 CHEBI:13143 CHEBI:13144 CHEBI:6274 KEGG COMPOUND:C02430 Met-tRNA(Met) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC20H30N6O11PSR2 C20H30N6O11PSR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Methionyl-tRNA L-Methionyl-tRNA(Met) CHEBI:16635 Met-tRNA(Met) CHEBI:16635 KEGG COMPOUND:C02430 KEGG COMPOUND Met-tRNA(Met) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC20H30N6O11PSR2 ChEBI: C20H30N6O11PSR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Methionyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: L-Methionyl-tRNA(Met) KEGG COMPOUND: obo2:CHEBI_16695 A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having uracil as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C9H13N2O9P/c12-5-1-2-11(9(15)10-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(20-8)3-19-21(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,10,12,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=DJJCXFVJDGTHFX-XVFCMESISA-N O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O 5'-UMP 5'-uridylic acid 5'Uridylic acid C9H13N2O9P UMP URIDINE-5'-MONOPHOSPHATE Uridine 5'-monophosphate Uridine monophosphate Uridylic acid pU uridine 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) uridine 5'-phosphate uridine 5'-phosphoric acid uridylate CHEBI:13508 CHEBI:13509 CHEBI:27231 CHEBI:46362 CHEBI:46382 CHEBI:47721 CHEBI:9849 Beilstein:47486 ChemIDplus:58-97-9 CiteXplore:22735334 CiteXplore:2559771 DrugBank:DB03685 Gmelin:310455 HMDB:HMDB00288 KEGG COMPOUND:58-97-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00105 KNApSAcK:C00007311 MetaCyc:UMP PDBeChem:U5PrF10 PDBeChem:UrF10 Reaxys:47486 Wikipedia:Uridine_monophosphate UMP A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of uracil attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. CHEBI:15296 CHEBI:27227 CHEBI:46386 CHEBI:46391 CHEBI:46460 CHEBI:9893 Beilstein:754904 ChemIDplus:58-96-8 CiteXplore:12084455 CiteXplore:15621516 CiteXplore:16839635 CiteXplore:17190852 CiteXplore:22392515 CiteXplore:22770225 DrugBank:DB02745 ECMDB:ECMDB00296 Gmelin:397474 HMDB:HMDB00296 KEGG COMPOUND:58-96-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00299 KNApSAcK:C00019674 MetaCyc:URIDINE PDBeChem:URI Reaxys:754904 Wikipedia:Uridine YMDB:YMDB00127 URIDINE Uridine uridine chebi_ontology 1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyluracil C9H12N2O6 InChI=1S/C9H12N2O6/c12-3-4-6(14)7(15)8(17-4)11-2-1-5(13)10-9(11)16/h1-2,4,6-8,12,14-15H,3H2,(H,10,13,16)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O Urd Uridin beta-Uridine u CHEBI:16704 uridine CHEBI:16704 Beilstein:754904 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:58-96-8 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:12084455 PubMed citation CiteXplore:15621516 PubMed citation CiteXplore:16839635 PubMed citation CiteXplore:17190852 PubMed citation CiteXplore:22392515 PubMed citation CiteXplore:22770225 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB02745 DrugBank ECMDB:ECMDB00296 ECMDB Gmelin:397474 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00296 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:58-96-8 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00299 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019674 KNApSAcK MetaCyc:URIDINE MetaCyc PDBeChem:URI PDBeChem Reaxys:754904 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Uridine Wikipedia YMDB:YMDB00127 YMDB URIDINE PDBeChem: Uridine KEGG COMPOUND: uridine IUPAC: uridine UniProt: 1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ChEBI: 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyluracil HMDB: C9H12N2O6 KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C9H12N2O6/c12-3-4-6(14)7(15)8(17-4)11-2-1-5(13)10-9(11)16/h1-2,4,6-8,12,14-15H,3H2,(H,10,13,16)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N ChEBI: OC[C@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O ChEBI: Urd CBN: Uridin ChemIDplus: beta-Uridine HMDB: u ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_16708 The parent compound of the 6-aminopurines, composed of a purine having an amino group at C-6. InChI=1S/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10) InChIKey=GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nc1ncnc2[nH]cnc12 6-Aminopurine 9H-purin-6-amine A ADENINE Ade Adenin Adenine C5H5N5 adenine CHEBI:13733 CHEBI:22236 CHEBI:2470 CHEBI:40579 Beilstein:608603 ChemIDplus:73-24-5 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:8070089 DrugBank:DB00173 Gmelin:3903 HMDB:HMDB00034 KEGG COMPOUND:73-24-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00147 KEGG DRUG:D00034 KNApSAcK:C00001490 MetaCyc:ADENINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:73-24-5 PDBeChem:ADE Reaxys:608603 Wikipedia:Adenine adenine A purine nucleoside in which guanine is attached to ribofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. CHEBI:14375 CHEBI:24444 CHEBI:42840 CHEBI:42847 CHEBI:471737 CHEBI:5564 Beilstein:625911 ChEMBL:17060520 ChemIDplus:118-00-3 CiteXplore:11434576 CiteXplore:15471343 CiteXplore:15920424 CiteXplore:17202332 CiteXplore:18191898 CiteXplore:18549801 CiteXplore:21435378 CiteXplore:21500353 CiteXplore:21515778 CiteXplore:21671255 CiteXplore:21774919 CiteXplore:2559771 DrugBank:DB02857 ECMDB:ECMDB00133 Gmelin:55323 HMDB:HMDB00133 KEGG COMPOUND:118-00-3 KEGG COMPOUND:C00387 KNApSAcK:C00019679 MetaCyc:GUANOSINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:118-00-3 PDBeChem:GMP PDBeChem:GMPrF00 Reaxys:625911 Wikipedia:Guanosine YMDB:YMDB00509 Guanosine guanosine chebi_ontology 2(3H)-imino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6(1H)-one 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-one 2-amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one 9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-guanine C10H13N5O5 G Guanine riboside Guanine-9-beta-D-ribofuranoside Guanosin Guo InChI=1S/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 InChIKey=NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O CHEBI:16750 guanosine CHEBI:16750 Beilstein:625911 Beilstein Registry Number ChEMBL:17060520 PubMed citation ChemIDplus:118-00-3 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:11434576 PubMed citation CiteXplore:15471343 PubMed citation CiteXplore:15920424 PubMed citation CiteXplore:17202332 PubMed citation CiteXplore:18191898 PubMed citation CiteXplore:18549801 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21435378 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21500353 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21515778 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21671255 PubMed citation CiteXplore:21774919 PubMed citation CiteXplore:2559771 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB02857 DrugBank ECMDB:ECMDB00133 ECMDB Gmelin:55323 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00133 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:118-00-3 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00387 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019679 KNApSAcK MetaCyc:GUANOSINE MetaCyc NIST Chemistry WebBook:118-00-3 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:GMP PDBeChem PDBeChem:GMPrF00 PDBeChem Reaxys:625911 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Guanosine Wikipedia YMDB:YMDB00509 YMDB Guanosine KEGG COMPOUND: guanosine IUPAC: guanosine PDBeChem: guanosine UniProt: 2(3H)-imino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-9H-purin-6(1H)-one NIST Chemistry WebBook: 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-6H-purin-6-one HMDB: 2-amino-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,9-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one IUPAC: 9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-guanine HMDB: C10H13N5O5 KEGG COMPOUND: G ChEBI: Guanine riboside NIST Chemistry WebBook: Guanine-9-beta-D-ribofuranoside NIST Chemistry WebBook: Guanosin ChEBI: Guo CBN: InChI=1S/C10H13N5O5/c11-10-13-7-4(8(19)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(18)5(17)3(1-16)20-9/h2-3,5-6,9,16-18H,1H2,(H3,11,13,14,19)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=NYHBQMYGNKIUIF-UUOKFMHZSA-N ChEBI: Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_16761 A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C10H15N5O10P2/c11-8-5-9(13-2-12-8)15(3-14-5)10-7(17)6(16)4(24-10)1-23-27(21,22)25-26(18,19)20/h2-4,6-7,10,16-17H,1H2,(H,21,22)(H2,11,12,13)(H2,18,19,20)/t4-,6-,7-,10-/m1/s1 InChIKey=XTWYTFMLZFPYCI-KQYNXXCUSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 5'-adenylphosphoric acid ADENOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE ADP Adenosine 5'-diphosphate C10H15N5O10P2 H3adp adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) CHEBI:13222 CHEBI:22244 CHEBI:2342 CHEBI:40553 Beilstein:67722 COMe:MOL000173 ChemIDplus:58-64-0 CiteXplore:16295522 DrugBank:DB03431 Gmelin:88452 KEGG COMPOUND:20398-34-9 KEGG COMPOUND:58-64-0 KEGG COMPOUND:C00008 KEGG GLYCAN:G11113 KNApSAcK:C00019353 PDBeChem:ADP Reaxys:67722 ADP obo2:CHEBI_16811 A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. InChI=1S/C5H11NO2S/c1-9-3-2-4(6)5(7)8/h4H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,7,8) InChIKey=FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CSCCC(N)C(O)=O 2-Amino-4-(methylthio)butyric acid 2-amino-4-(methylsulfanyl)butanoic acid 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid C5H11NO2S DL-Methionine Hmet M Met Methionin Methionine Racemethionine alpha-amino-gamma-methylmercaptobutyric acid methionine metionina CHEBI:14590 CHEBI:25229 CHEBI:6829 Beilstein:636185 ChemIDplus:59-51-8 CiteXplore:16702333 CiteXplore:22264337 CiteXplore:2543976 Gmelin:3117 KEGG COMPOUND:59-51-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C01733 KEGG DRUG:D04983 NIST Chemistry WebBook:59-51-8 Reaxys:636185 UM-BBD:c0094 Wikipedia:Methionine methionine CHEBI:13401 CHEBI:13662 CHEBI:14675 CHEBI:25606 CHEBI:7428 CHEBI:7652 KEGG COMPOUND:C00454 Nucleoside diphosphate chebi_ontology C5H11O10P2R NDP O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O nucleoside diphosphates CHEBI:16862 nucleoside diphosphate CHEBI:16862 KEGG COMPOUND:C00454 KEGG COMPOUND Nucleoside diphosphate KEGG COMPOUND: C5H11O10P2R ChEBI: NDP KEGG COMPOUND: O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: nucleoside diphosphates ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_16991 High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. (Deoxyribonucleotide)m (Deoxyribonucleotide)n (Deoxyribonucleotide)n+m . C10H17O8PR2(C5H8O5PR)n DNA DNAn DNAn+1 DNS Deoxyribonucleic acid Desoxyribonukleinsaeure deoxyribonucleic acids desoxyribose nucleic acid thymus nucleic acid CHEBI:13302 CHEBI:21123 CHEBI:33698 CHEBI:4291 ChemIDplus:9007-49-2 KEGG COMPOUND:9007-49-2 KEGG COMPOUND:C00039 deoxyribonucleic acid CHEBI:12510 CHEBI:12597 CHEBI:7283 KEGG COMPOUND:C03294 fMet-tRNA(fMet) initiator tRNA chebi_ontology . N-Formylmethionyl-tRNA N-formyl-L-methionyl-tRNA(fMet) CHEBI:17119 fMet-tRNA(fMet) CHEBI:17119 KEGG COMPOUND:C03294 KEGG COMPOUND fMet-tRNA(fMet) CBN: . ChEBI: N-Formylmethionyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: N-formyl-L-methionyl-tRNA(fMet) ChEBI: A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having guanine as the nucleobase. CHEBI:14116 CHEBI:19244 CHEBI:23624 CHEBI:42667 CHEBI:42867 CHEBI:42987 CHEBI:4412 ChemIDplus:961-07-9 HMDB:HMDB00085 KEGG COMPOUND:961-07-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00330 MetaCyc:DEOXYGUANOSINE PDBeChem:GNG Reaxys:39814 Wikipedia:Deoxyguanosine 2'-Deoxyguanosine 2'-deoxyguanosine chebi_ontology 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-ol 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-guanine C10H13N5O4 Deoxyguanosine InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-10-13-8-7(9(18)14-10)12-3-15(8)6-1-4(17)5(2-16)19-6/h3-6,16-17H,1-2H2,(H3,11,13,14,18)/t4-,5+,6+/m0/s1 InChIKey=YKBGVTZYEHREMT-KVQBGUIXSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 dG guanine deoxy nucleoside CHEBI:17172 2'-deoxyguanosine CHEBI:17172 ChemIDplus:961-07-9 CAS Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00085 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:961-07-9 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00330 KEGG COMPOUND MetaCyc:DEOXYGUANOSINE MetaCyc PDBeChem:GNG PDBeChem Reaxys:39814 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Deoxyguanosine Wikipedia 2'-Deoxyguanosine KEGG COMPOUND: 2'-deoxyguanosine ChEBI: 2'-deoxyguanosine IUPAC: 2'-deoxyguanosine UniProt: 2-amino-9-(2-deoxy-9-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-ol ChEBI: 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-guanine ChemIDplus: C10H13N5O4 ChEBI: Deoxyguanosine KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C10H13N5O4/c11-10-13-8-7(9(18)14-10)12-3-15(8)6-1-4(17)5(2-16)19-6/h3-6,16-17H,1-2H2,(H3,11,13,14,18)/t4-,5+,6+/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=YKBGVTZYEHREMT-KVQBGUIXSA-N ChEBI: Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 ChEBI: dG ChEBI: guanine deoxy nucleoside ChemIDplus: CHEBI:14676 CHEBI:25607 CHEBI:7439 CHEBI:7653 CHEBI:7654 KEGG COMPOUND:C01329 KEGG COMPOUND:C03013 KEGG COMPOUND:C05029 Nucleoside monophosphate nucleoside monophosphate chebi_ontology C5H10O7PR NMP Nucleoside phosphate O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O nucleoside monophosphates CHEBI:17188 nucleoside monophosphate CHEBI:17188 KEGG COMPOUND:C01329 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG COMPOUND:C03013 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG COMPOUND:C05029 KEGG COMPOUND Nucleoside monophosphate KEGG COMPOUND: nucleoside monophosphate ChEBI: C5H10O7PR ChEBI: NMP KEGG COMPOUND: Nucleoside phosphate KEGG COMPOUND: O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: nucleoside monophosphates ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_17239 A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C9H15N3O11P2/c10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(22-8)3-21-25(19,20)23-24(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=ZWIADYZPOWUWEW-XVFCMESISA-N Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)n1 5'-CDP C9H15N3O11P2 CDP CYTIDINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE Cytidine 5'-diphosphate Cytidine 5'-diphosphoric acid Cytidine 5'-pyrophosphate Cytidine diphosphate Cytidine, 5'-(trihydrogen pyrophosphate) cytidine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) CHEBI:13254 CHEBI:23519 CHEBI:3260 CHEBI:41451 ChemIDplus:63-38-7 DrugBank:DB04555 KEGG COMPOUND:63-38-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C00112 PDBeChem:CDF PDBeChem:CDP CDP A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having adenine as the nucleobase. CHEBI:14112 CHEBI:19234 CHEBI:39863 CHEBI:40535 CHEBI:40560 CHEBI:4405 Beilstein:91015 ChemIDplus:958-09-8 CiteXplore:14253484 CiteXplore:18508186 CiteXplore:24144081 CiteXplore:8171392 CiteXplore:9869364 Gmelin:283189 HMDB:HMDB00101 KEGG COMPOUND:958-09-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00559 KNApSAcK:C00019281 MetaCyc:DEOXYADENOSINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:958-09-8 PDBeChem:3D1 Reaxys:91015 Wikipedia:Deoxyadenosine 2'-Deoxyadenosine 2'-deoxyadenosine chebi_ontology (2R,3S,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol 5-(6-AMINO-PURIN-9-YL)-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-TETRAHYDRO-FURAN-3-OL 9-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)adenine 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine C10H13N5O3 Deoxyadenosine InChI=1S/C10H13N5O3/c11-9-8-10(13-3-12-9)15(4-14-8)7-1-5(17)6(2-16)18-7/h3-7,16-17H,1-2H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t5-,6+,7+/m0/s1 InChIKey=OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 adenine deoxyribonucleoside adenyldeoxyriboside dA CHEBI:17256 2'-deoxyadenosine CHEBI:17256 Beilstein:91015 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:958-09-8 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:14253484 PubMed citation CiteXplore:18508186 PubMed citation CiteXplore:24144081 PubMed citation CiteXplore:8171392 PubMed citation CiteXplore:9869364 PubMed citation Gmelin:283189 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00101 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:958-09-8 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00559 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019281 KNApSAcK MetaCyc:DEOXYADENOSINE MetaCyc NIST Chemistry WebBook:958-09-8 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:3D1 PDBeChem Reaxys:91015 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Deoxyadenosine Wikipedia 2'-Deoxyadenosine KEGG COMPOUND: 2'-deoxyadenosine IUPAC: 2'-deoxyadenosine UniProt: (2R,3S,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3-ol IUPAC: 5-(6-AMINO-PURIN-9-YL)-2-HYDROXYMETHYL-TETRAHYDRO-FURAN-3-OL PDBeChem: 9-(2-Deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)adenine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 9-(2-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine NIST Chemistry WebBook: C10H13N5O3 KEGG COMPOUND: Deoxyadenosine KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C10H13N5O3/c11-9-8-10(13-3-12-9)15(4-14-8)7-1-5(17)6(2-16)18-7/h3-7,16-17H,1-2H2,(H2,11,12,13)/t5-,6+,7+/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=OLXZPDWKRNYJJZ-RRKCRQDMSA-N ChEBI: Nc1ncnc2n(cnc12)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 ChEBI: adenine deoxyribonucleoside ChemIDplus: adenyldeoxyriboside ChemIDplus: dA ChEBI: CHEBI:13411 CHEBI:14677 CHEBI:25610 CHEBI:7442 CHEBI:7655 KEGG COMPOUND:C00201 Nucleoside triphosphate chebi_ontology C5H12O13P3R C[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O NTP nucleoside triphosphates CHEBI:17326 nucleoside triphosphate CHEBI:17326 KEGG COMPOUND:C00201 KEGG COMPOUND Nucleoside triphosphate KEGG COMPOUND: C5H12O13P3R ChEBI: C[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: NTP KEGG COMPOUND: nucleoside triphosphates ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_17345 A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C10H14N5O8P/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(23-9)1-22-24(19,20)21/h2-3,5-6,9,16-17H,1H2,(H2,19,20,21)(H3,11,13,14,18)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 InChIKey=RQFCJASXJCIDSX-UUOKFMHZSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O 5'-GMP 5'-guanylic acid C10H14N5O8P GMP Guanosine 5'-monophosphate Guanosine 5'-phosphate Guanosine monophosphate Guanylic acid [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate guanosine-5'-monophosphate pG CHEBI:13341 CHEBI:14381 CHEBI:24449 CHEBI:24450 CHEBI:40119 CHEBI:42647 CHEBI:42831 CHEBI:42887 CHEBI:42979 CHEBI:47450 CHEBI:5228 ChemIDplus:85-32-5 CiteXplore:11233304 CiteXplore:11670950 CiteXplore:22735334 CiteXplore:2559771 CiteXplore:3569407 DrugBank:DB01972 HMDB:HMDB01397 KEGG COMPOUND:85-32-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00144 KNApSAcK:C00019635 MetaCyc:GMP PDBeChem:5GP Reaxys:59430 Wikipedia:Guanosine_monophosphate GMP obo2:CHEBI_17439 A cob(III)alamin that has formula C63H88CoN14O14P. InChI=1S/C62H90N13O14P.CN.Co/c1-29-20-39-40(21-30(29)2)75(28-70-39)57-52(84)53(41(27-76)87-57)89-90(85,86)88-31(3)26-69-49(83)18-19-59(8)37(22-46(66)80)56-62(11)61(10,25-48(68)82)36(14-17-45(65)79)51(74-62)33(5)55-60(9,24-47(67)81)34(12-15-43(63)77)38(71-55)23-42-58(6,7)35(13-16-44(64)78)50(72-42)32(4)54(59)73-56;1-2;/h20-21,23,28,31,34-37,41,52-53,56-57,76,84H,12-19,22,24-27H2,1-11H3,(H15,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,71,72,73,74,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,85,86);;/q;;+2/p-2/t31-,34-,35-,36-,37+,41-,52-,53-,56-,57+,59-,60+,61+,62+;;/m1../s1 InChIKey=RMRCNWBMXRMIRW-WZHZPDAFSA-L [H][C@@]1(C)CNC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]3([H])N4C2=C(C)C2=[N+]5C(=CC6=[N+]7C(=C(C)C8=[N+]([C@]3(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]8CCC(N)=O)[Co-3]457(C#N)[n+]3cn([C@H]4O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](OP([O-])(=O)O1)[C@H]4O)c1cc(C)c(C)cc31)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]6CCC(N)=O)C(C)(C)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O C63H88CoN14O14P CN-Cbl CO-CYANOCOBALAMIN Coalpha-[alpha-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazolyl)]-Cobeta-cyanocobamide Cyanocob(III)alamin Dicopac Vitamin B12 complex cyanocob(III)alamin cyanocobalamin vitamin B-12 CHEBI:14041 CHEBI:23435 CHEBI:3979 CHEBI:48820 CHEBI:60496 ChemIDplus:68-19-9 DrugBank:DB00115 Gmelin:249901 Gmelin:457955 KEGG COMPOUND:68-19-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C02823 KEGG DRUG:D00166 KNApSAcK:C00001534 PDBeChem:CNC cyanocob(III)alamin obo2:CHEBI_17552 A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate that has formula C10H15N5O11P2. InChI=1S/C10H15N5O11P2/c11-10-13-7-4(8(18)14-10)12-2-15(7)9-6(17)5(16)3(25-9)1-24-28(22,23)26-27(19,20)21/h2-3,5-6,9,16-17H,1H2,(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,21)(H3,11,13,14,18)/t3-,5-,6-,9-/m1/s1 InChIKey=QGWNDRXFNXRZMB-UUOKFMHZSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O C10H15N5O11P2 GDP GUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE Guanosine 5'-diphosphate Guanosine diphosphate guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) CHEBI:13327 CHEBI:14379 CHEBI:24448 CHEBI:42738 CHEBI:5212 DrugBank:DB04315 KEGG COMPOUND:146-91-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00035 KEGG GLYCAN:G10620 PDBeChem:GDP GDP A pyrimidine nucleoside in which cytosine is attached to ribofuranose via a beta-N(1)-glycosidic bond. CHEBI:14063 CHEBI:23515 CHEBI:4053 CHEBI:41649 CHEBI:41686 CHEBI:41704 Beilstein:89173 ChemIDplus:65-46-3 CiteXplore:12591866 CiteXplore:15621516 CiteXplore:19194376 DrugBank:DB02097 Gmelin:84763 HMDB:HMDB00089 KEGG COMPOUND:65-46-3 KEGG COMPOUND:C00475 KEGG DRUG:D07769 MetaCyc:CYTIDINE NIST Chemistry WebBook:65-46-3 PDBeChem:CTN Reaxys:89173 Wikipedia:Cytidine Cytidine cytidine chebi_ontology 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine 1beta-D-ribofuranosylcytosine 4-AMINO-1-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL-2(1H)-PYRIMIDINONE 4-amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one 4-amino-1beta-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone C9H13N3O5 Cyd Cytidin Cytosine riboside InChI=1S/C9H13N3O5/c10-5-1-2-12(9(16)11-5)8-7(15)6(14)4(3-13)17-8/h1-2,4,6-8,13-15H,3H2,(H2,10,11,16)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-XVFCMESISA-N Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)n1 Zytidin cytosine-1beta-D-Ribofuranoside CHEBI:17562 cytidine CHEBI:17562 Beilstein:89173 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:65-46-3 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:12591866 PubMed citation CiteXplore:15621516 PubMed citation CiteXplore:19194376 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB02097 DrugBank Gmelin:84763 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00089 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:65-46-3 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00475 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG DRUG:D07769 KEGG DRUG MetaCyc:CYTIDINE MetaCyc NIST Chemistry WebBook:65-46-3 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:CTN PDBeChem Reaxys:89173 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Cytidine Wikipedia Cytidine KEGG COMPOUND: cytidine IUPAC: cytidine UniProt: 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosylcytosine HMDB: 1beta-D-ribofuranosylcytosine NIST Chemistry WebBook: 4-AMINO-1-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL-2(1H)-PYRIMIDINONE PDBeChem: 4-amino-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one ChEBI: 4-amino-1beta-D-ribofuranosyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone NIST Chemistry WebBook: C9H13N3O5 KEGG COMPOUND: Cyd CBN: Cytidin ChEBI: Cytosine riboside HMDB: InChI=1S/C9H13N3O5/c10-5-1-2-12(9(16)11-5)8-7(15)6(14)4(3-13)17-8/h1-2,4,6-8,13-15H,3H2,(H2,10,11,16)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-XVFCMESISA-N ChEBI: Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)n1 ChEBI: Zytidin ChEBI: cytosine-1beta-D-Ribofuranoside HMDB: obo2:CHEBI_17568 A common and naturally occurring pyrimidine nucleobase in which the pyrimidine ring is substituted with two oxo groups at positions 2 and 4. Found in RNA, it base pairs with adenine and replaces thymine during DNA transcription. InChI=1S/C4H4N2O2/c7-3-1-2-5-4(8)6-3/h1-2H,(H2,5,6,7,8) InChIKey=ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=c1cc[nH]c(=O)[nH]1 2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 2,4-Dioxopyrimidine 2,4-Pyrimidinedione C4H4N2O2 U URACIL Ura Uracil Urazil pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione uracil CHEBI:15288 CHEBI:27210 CHEBI:46375 CHEBI:9882 Beilstein:606623 ChemIDplus:66-22-8 CiteXplore:11279060 CiteXplore:12855717 CiteXplore:15274295 CiteXplore:16834123 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:18533995 CiteXplore:18815805 CiteXplore:19175333 CiteXplore:21848266 CiteXplore:22020693 CiteXplore:22074393 CiteXplore:22120518 CiteXplore:22171528 CiteXplore:22237209 CiteXplore:22299724 CiteXplore:22356544 CiteXplore:22447672 CiteXplore:22483865 CiteXplore:22567906 CiteXplore:22685418 CiteXplore:3654008 DrugBank:DB03419 Gmelin:2896 HMDB:HMDB00300 KEGG COMPOUND:66-22-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00106 KEGG DRUG:D00027 KNApSAcK:C00001513 MetaCyc:URACIL NIST Chemistry WebBook:66-22-8 PDBeChem:URA Reaxys:606623 Wikipedia:Uracil uracil obo2:CHEBI_17621 A flavin mononucleotide that is riboflavin (vitamin B2) in which the primary hydroxy group has been converted to its dihydrogen phosphate ester. InChI=1S/C17H21N4O9P/c1-7-3-9-10(4-8(7)2)21(15-13(18-9)16(25)20-17(26)19-15)5-11(22)14(24)12(23)6-30-31(27,28)29/h3-4,11-12,14,22-24H,5-6H2,1-2H3,(H,20,25,26)(H2,27,28,29)/t11-,12+,14-/m0/s1 InChIKey=FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N Cc1cc2nc3c(nc(=O)[nH]c3=O)n(C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O)c2cc1C 1-deoxy-1-(7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl)-5-O-phosphono-D-ribitol C17H21N4O9P FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE FMN Flavin mononucleotide Riboflavin-5-phosphate riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate) riboflavin 5'-monophosphate riboflavin 5'-phosphate riboflavin monophosphate riboflavine dihydrogen phosphate CHEBI:13317 CHEBI:21127 CHEBI:42587 CHEBI:4960 Beilstein:68086 COMe:MOL000043 ChemIDplus:146-17-8 CiteXplore:13973054 CiteXplore:23500531 CiteXplore:23570607 DrugBank:DB03247 Gmelin:477717 HMDB:HMDB01520 KEGG COMPOUND:146-17-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C00061 KNApSAcK:C00019686 PDBeChem:FMN Patent:US2535385 Patent:US2610179 Patent:US2740775 Patent:US3118876 Reaxys:68086 Wikipedia:Flavin_mononucleotide FMN obo2:CHEBI_17659 A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate that has formula C9H14N2O12P2. InChI=1S/C9H14N2O12P2/c12-5-1-2-11(9(15)10-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(22-8)3-21-25(19,20)23-24(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H,10,12,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=XCCTYIAWTASOJW-XVFCMESISA-N O[C@@H]1[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O[C@H]([C@@H]1O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O C9H14N2O12P2 UDP URIDINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE Uridine 5'-diphosphate Uridine diphosphate uridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) CHEBI:13445 CHEBI:27230 CHEBI:46402 CHEBI:9802 Beilstein:64707 ChemIDplus:58-98-0 DrugBank:DB03435 KEGG COMPOUND:58-98-0 KEGG COMPOUND:C00015 KEGG GLYCAN:G10619 KNApSAcK:C00007313 PDBeChem:UDP Wikipedia:Uridine_Diphosphate UDP A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate that has formula C9H16N3O14P3. CHEBI:13286 CHEBI:23522 CHEBI:3285 CHEBI:41675 Beilstein:71190 ChemIDplus:65-47-4 DrugBank:DB02431 Gmelin:723598 KEGG COMPOUND:65-47-4 KEGG COMPOUND:C00063 KNApSAcK:C00019639 PDBeChem:CTP CTP cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) chebi_ontology 5'-CTP C9H16N3O14P3 CYTIDINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE Cytidine 5'-triphosphate Cytidine triphosphate H4ctp InChI=1S/C9H16N3O14P3/c10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(24-8)3-23-28(19,20)26-29(21,22)25-27(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 InChIKey=PCDQPRRSZKQHHS-XVFCMESISA-N Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)n1 cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) CHEBI:17677 CTP CHEBI:17677 Beilstein:71190 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:65-47-4 CAS Registry Number DrugBank:DB02431 DrugBank Gmelin:723598 Gmelin Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:65-47-4 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00063 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019639 KNApSAcK PDBeChem:CTP PDBeChem CTP KEGG COMPOUND: cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) IUPAC: 5'-CTP ChemIDplus: C9H16N3O14P3 KEGG COMPOUND: CYTIDINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE PDBeChem: Cytidine 5'-triphosphate KEGG COMPOUND: Cytidine triphosphate KEGG COMPOUND: H4ctp ChEBI: InChI=1S/C9H16N3O14P3/c10-5-1-2-12(9(15)11-5)8-7(14)6(13)4(24-8)3-23-28(19,20)26-29(21,22)25-27(16,17)18/h1-2,4,6-8,13-14H,3H2,(H,19,20)(H,21,22)(H2,10,11,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=PCDQPRRSZKQHHS-XVFCMESISA-N ChEBI: Nc1ccn([C@@H]2O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)n1 ChEBI: cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate) PDBeChem: CHEBI:13070 CHEBI:13071 CHEBI:6172 KEGG COMPOUND:C00886 Ala-tRNA(Ala) chebi_ontology C13H22NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Alanyl-tRNA L-Alanyl-tRNA(Ala) CHEBI:17732 Ala-tRNA(Ala) CHEBI:17732 KEGG COMPOUND:C00886 KEGG COMPOUND Ala-tRNA(Ala) CBN: C13H22NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Alanyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: L-Alanyl-tRNA(Ala) KEGG COMPOUND: A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having thymine as the nucleobase. CHEBI:15244 CHEBI:19273 CHEBI:45782 CHEBI:45834 CHEBI:45917 CHEBI:9579 Beilstein:89285 ChemIDplus:50-89-5 CiteXplore:22770225 CiteXplore:2559771 DrugBank:DB04485 Gmelin:282610 HMDB:HMDB00273 KEGG COMPOUND:50-89-5 KEGG COMPOUND:C00214 KNApSAcK:C00019698 MetaCyc:THYMIDINE PDBeChem:THM Reaxys:89285 Wikipedia:Thymidine THYMIDINE Thymidine thymidine chebi_ontology 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 2'-deoxy-5-methyluridine 2'-deoxythymidine 2'-thymidine 5-methyl-2'-deoxyuridine C10H14N2O5 Cc1cn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O Deoxythymidine InChI=1S/C10H14N2O5/c1-5-3-12(10(16)11-9(5)15)8-2-6(14)7(4-13)17-8/h3,6-8,13-14H,2,4H2,1H3,(H,11,15,16)/t6-,7+,8+/m0/s1 InChIKey=IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N T dThd thymine 2'-deoxyriboside CHEBI:17748 thymidine CHEBI:17748 Beilstein:89285 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:50-89-5 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:22770225 PubMed citation CiteXplore:2559771 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB04485 DrugBank Gmelin:282610 Gmelin Registry Number HMDB:HMDB00273 HMDB KEGG COMPOUND:50-89-5 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00214 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019698 KNApSAcK MetaCyc:THYMIDINE MetaCyc PDBeChem:THM PDBeChem Reaxys:89285 Reaxys Registry Number Wikipedia:Thymidine Wikipedia THYMIDINE PDBeChem: Thymidine KEGG COMPOUND: thymidine IUPAC: thymidine UniProt: 1-(2-deoxy-beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione ChEBI: 2'-deoxy-5-methyluridine ChemIDplus: 2'-deoxythymidine ChemIDplus: 2'-thymidine ChEBI: 5-methyl-2'-deoxyuridine ChemIDplus: C10H14N2O5 KEGG COMPOUND: Cc1cn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O ChEBI: Deoxythymidine KEGG COMPOUND: InChI=1S/C10H14N2O5/c1-5-3-12(10(16)11-9(5)15)8-2-6(14)7(4-13)17-8/h3,6-8,13-14H,2,4H2,1H3,(H,11,15,16)/t6-,7+,8+/m0/s1 ChEBI: InChIKey=IQFYYKKMVGJFEH-XLPZGREQSA-N ChEBI: T ChEBI: dThd CBN: thymine 2'-deoxyriboside ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_17821 A pyrimidine nucleobase that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a methyl group. InChI=1S/C5H6N2O2/c1-3-2-6-5(9)7-4(3)8/h2H,1H3,(H2,6,7,8,9) InChIKey=RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1c[nH]c(=O)[nH]c1=O 2,4(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-methyl- 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylpyrimidine 5-Methyluracil 5-methyl-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione 5-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione 5-methyluracil C5H6N2O2 T THYMINE Thy Thymin Thymine thymine CHEBI:15247 CHEBI:27004 CHEBI:46017 CHEBI:9580 Beilstein:607626 ChemIDplus:65-71-4 CiteXplore:23237383 DrugBank:DB03462 Gmelin:278790 KEGG COMPOUND:65-71-4 KEGG COMPOUND:C00178 KNApSAcK:C00001511 NIST Chemistry WebBook:65-71-4 PDBeChem:TDR Wikipedia:Thymine thymine obo2:CHEBI_17822 An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. InChI=1S/C3H7NO3/c4-2(1-5)3(6)7/h2,5H,1,4H2,(H,6,7) InChIKey=MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CO)C(O)=O 2-Amino-3-hydroxypropionic acid 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid 3-Hydroxyalanine C3H7NO3 Serin Serine serine CHEBI:15081 CHEBI:26648 CHEBI:9116 Beilstein:1721402 ChemIDplus:302-84-1 Gmelin:26429 KEGG COMPOUND:302-84-1 KEGG COMPOUND:C00716 KNApSAcK:C00001393 NIST Chemistry WebBook:302-84-1 Reaxys:1721402 Wikipedia:Serine serine A single-stranded RNA molecule containing about 70-90 nucleotides, folded by intrastrand base pairing into a characteristic secondary ('cloverleaf') structure that carries a specific amino acid and matches it to its corresponding codon on an mRNA during protein synthesis. C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n RNA, transfer tRNA transfer RNA CHEBI:10652 CHEBI:15145 CHEBI:15163 CHEBI:15164 CHEBI:15165 ChemIDplus:9014-25-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00066 A single-stranded RNA molecule containing about 70-90 nucleotides, folded by intrastrand base pairing into a characteristic secondary ('cloverleaf') structure that carries a specific amino acid and matches it to its corresponding codon on an mRNA during protein synthesis. CHEBI:10652 CHEBI:15145 CHEBI:15163 CHEBI:15164 CHEBI:15165 ChemIDplus:9014-25-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C00066 transfer RNA chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n RNA, transfer tRNA CHEBI:17843 transfer RNA CHEBI:17843 ChemIDplus:9014-25-9 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00066 KEGG COMPOUND transfer RNA IUPAC: transfer RNA KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: RNA, transfer ChemIDplus: tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: obo2:CHEBI_18075 A thymidine phosphate having a diphosphate group at the 5'-position. InChI=1S/C10H16N2O11P2/c1-5-3-12(10(15)11-9(5)14)8-2-6(13)7(22-8)4-21-25(19,20)23-24(16,17)18/h3,6-8,13H,2,4H2,1H3,(H,19,20)(H,11,14,15)(H2,16,17,18)/t6-,7+,8+/m0/s1 InChIKey=UJLXYODCHAELLY-XLPZGREQSA-N Cc1cn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O 2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) C10H16N2O11P2 Deoxythymidine 5'-diphosphate THYMIDINE-5'- DIPHOSPHATE dTDP deoxy-TDP thymidine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) thymidine 5'-diphosphate thymidine 5'-pyrophosphate CHEBI:10500 CHEBI:14077 CHEBI:26998 CHEBI:46061 Beilstein:64132 ChemIDplus:491-97-4 CiteXplore:20065942 CiteXplore:23394555 DrugBank:DB03103 HMDB:HMDB01274 KEGG COMPOUND:491-97-4 KEGG COMPOUND:C00363 KNApSAcK:C00019696 MetaCyc:TDP PDBeChem:TYD Wikipedia:Thymidine_diphosphate dTDP obo2:CHEBI_18111 RNA molecules which are essential structural and functional components of ribosomes, the subcellular units responsible for protein synthesis. OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O C15H25O16P2R3 Ribosomal RNA rRNA ribosomal RNA CHEBI:10636 CHEBI:15010 KEGG COMPOUND:C00240 SO:0000252 ribosomal RNA obo2:CHEBI_18186 An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. InChI=1S/C9H11NO3/c10-8(9(12)13)5-6-1-3-7(11)4-2-6/h1-4,8,11H,5,10H2,(H,12,13) InChIKey=OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(O)=O 2-Amino-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid 3-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)alanine C9H11NO3 Tyr Tyrosin Tyrosine Y tirosina tyrosine CHEBI:15277 CHEBI:27176 CHEBI:9800 Beilstein:515881 ChemIDplus:55520-40-6 CiteXplore:17190852 Gmelin:27744 KEGG COMPOUND:556-03-6 KEGG COMPOUND:C01536 KNApSAcK:C00001397 Reaxys:515881 tyrosine obo2:CHEBI_18237 An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. InChI=1S/C5H9NO4/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10) InChIKey=WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O 2-Aminoglutaric acid 2-aminopentanedioic acid C5H9NO4 DL-Glutamic acid DL-Glutaminic acid E Glu Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutaminic acid Glutaminsaeure glutamic acid CHEBI:24314 CHEBI:5431 Beilstein:1723799 ChemIDplus:617-65-2 CiteXplore:15739367 CiteXplore:17190852 CiteXplore:24616376 CiteXplore:24984001 Gmelin:101971 KEGG COMPOUND:617-65-2 KEGG COMPOUND:C00302 KEGG DRUG:D04341 KNApSAcK:C00001358 KNApSAcK:C00019577 NIST Chemistry WebBook:617-65-2 Reaxys:1723799 Wikipedia:Glutamic_acid glutamic acid Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. CHEBI:13014 CHEBI:13015 CHEBI:13685 CHEBI:21085 CHEBI:26560 CHEBI:4240 CHEBI:8844 KEGG COMPOUND:C00911 KEGG COMPOUND:C02142 Ribonucleoside chebi_ontology C5H9O4R D-Ribosyl-base D-Ribosyl-base1 D-Ribosyl-base2 D-ribosyl-base OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O a ribonucleoside ribonucleosides CHEBI:18254 ribonucleoside CHEBI:18254 KEGG COMPOUND:C00911 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG COMPOUND:C02142 KEGG COMPOUND Ribonucleoside KEGG COMPOUND: C5H9O4R ChEBI: D-Ribosyl-base KEGG COMPOUND: D-Ribosyl-base1 KEGG COMPOUND: D-Ribosyl-base2 KEGG COMPOUND: D-ribosyl-base ChEBI: OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O ChEBI: a ribonucleoside UniProt: ribonucleosides ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_18282 That part of DNA or RNA that may be involved in pairing. Base Base1 Base2 a nucleobase nucleobases CHEBI:13873 CHEBI:25598 CHEBI:2995 KEGG COMPOUND:C00701 Wikipedia:Nucleobase nucleobase CHEBI:13079 CHEBI:13080 CHEBI:6189 KEGG COMPOUND:C02163 Arg-tRNA(Arg) chebi_ontology C21H33N9O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Arginyl-tRNA L-Arginyl-tRNA(Arg) CHEBI:18366 Arg-tRNA(Arg) CHEBI:18366 KEGG COMPOUND:C02163 KEGG COMPOUND Arg-tRNA(Arg) CBN: C21H33N9O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Arginyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: L-Arginyl-tRNA(Arg) KEGG COMPOUND: obo2:CHEBI_22256 adenosine phosphates adenosine phosphate obo2:CHEBI_22653 An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. InChI=1S/C4H8N2O3/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H2,6,7)(H,8,9) InChIKey=DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O 2,4-diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid ASN Asn Asparagin C4H8N2O3 DL-Asparagine Hasp N asparagina asparagine Beilstein:1723525 ChemIDplus:3130-87-8 CiteXplore:22264337 CiteXplore:22770225 Gmelin:279043 KEGG COMPOUND:C16438 Reaxys:1723525 Wikipedia:Asparagine asparagine obo2:CHEBI_22660 An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent InChI=1S/C4H7NO4/c5-2(4(8)9)1-3(6)7/h2H,1,5H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9) InChIKey=CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O (+-)-Aspartic acid (R,S)-Aspartic acid 2-aminobutanedioic acid Asp Aspartic acid C4H7NO4 D DL-Aminosuccinic acid DL-Asparagic acid aspartic acid Beilstein:774618 ChemIDplus:617-45-8 CiteXplore:22264337 Gmelin:185140 KEGG COMPOUND:617-45-8 KEGG COMPOUND:C16433 NIST Chemistry WebBook:617-45-8 Reaxys:774618 Wikipedia:Aspartic_acid aspartic acid obo2:CHEBI_23357 An organic molecule or ion (usually a metal ion) that is required by an enzyme for its activity. It may be attached either loosely (coenzyme) or tightly (prosthetic group). . cofactor cofactors Wikipedia:Cofactor_(biochemistry) cofactor obo2:CHEBI_23367 Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. . entidad molecular entidades moleculares entite moleculaire molecular entities molecular entity molekulare Entitaet molecular entity chebi_ontology deoxyribonucleosides CHEBI:23636 deoxyribonucleoside CHEBI:23636 deoxyribonucleosides ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_24431 chemical entity obo2:CHEBI_24455 . guanosine phosphates guanosine phosphate Nuclear particle of charge number +1, spin 1/2 and rest mass of 1.007276470(12) u. ChEBI:C00080 ChemIDplus:12408-02-5 NIST Chemistry WebBook:12408-02-5 protium(1+) proton chebi_ontology (1)1H(+) (1)H(+) H InChI=1S/p+1/i/hH InChIKey=GPRLSGONYQIRFK-FTGQXOHASA-N [1H+] p p(+) CHEBI:24636 proton CHEBI:24636 ChEBI:C00080 KEGG COMPOUND ChemIDplus:12408-02-5 CAS Registry Number NIST Chemistry WebBook:12408-02-5 CAS Registry Number protium(1+) IUPAC: proton ChEBI: proton IUPAC: (1)1H(+) IUPAC: (1)H(+) IUPAC: H ChEBI: InChI=1S/p+1/i/hH ChEBI: InChIKey=GPRLSGONYQIRFK-FTGQXOHASA-N ChEBI: [1H+] ChEBI: p IUPAC: p(+) IUPAC: chebi_ontology inorganic phosphates CHEBI:24838 inorganic phosphate CHEBI:24838 inorganic phosphates ChEBI: A molecular entity having a net electric charge. Ion ion chebi_ontology . Ionen iones ions CHEBI:24870 ion CHEBI:24870 Ion ChEBI: ion ChEBI: ion IUPAC: . ChEBI: Ionen ChEBI: iones ChEBI: ions ChEBI: A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration. Beilstein:1721790 ChemIDplus:443-79-8 CiteXplore:17190852 NIST Chemistry WebBook:443-79-8 Reaxys:1721790 isoleucine chebi_ontology Hile rel-(2R,3R)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid CHEBI:24898 isoleucine CHEBI:24898 Beilstein:1721790 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:443-79-8 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:17190852 PubMed citation NIST Chemistry WebBook:443-79-8 CAS Registry Number Reaxys:1721790 Reaxys Registry Number isoleucine IUPAC: Hile IUPAC: rel-(2R,3R)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid IUPAC: obo2:CHEBI_25017 A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. InChI=1S/C6H13NO2/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9) InChIKey=ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)CC(N)C(O)=O (+-)-Leucine (RS)-Leucine 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid C6H13NO2 DL-Leucine Hleu L Leu Leucin Leuzin leucine Beilstein:636005 ChemIDplus:328-39-2 CiteXplore:17439666 Gmelin:50203 KEGG COMPOUND:C16439 LIPID MAPS:LMFA01100048 NIST Chemistry WebBook:328-39-2 Reaxys:636005 Wikipedia:Leucine leucine obo2:CHEBI_25094 A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6. InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10) InChIKey=KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid C6H14N2O2 K LYS Lysin alpha,epsilon-diaminocaproic acid lysine Beilstein:1616991 ChemIDplus:70-54-2 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:22264337 Gmelin:279284 KEGG COMPOUND:C16440 NIST Chemistry WebBook:70-54-2 Reaxys:1616991 Wikipedia:Lysine lysine obo2:CHEBI_25367 Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. . Molekuel molecula molecule molecules neutral molecular compounds molecule A nucleobase-containing molecular entity that is a nucleoside in which one or more of the sugar hydroxy groups has been converted into a mono- or poly-phosphate. The term includes both nucleotides and non-nucleotide nucleoside phosphates. ChEBI:C03013 KEGG COMPOUND:C01329 chebi_ontology NMP Nucleoside monophosphate O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O nucleoside phosphates CHEBI:25608 nucleoside phosphate CHEBI:25608 ChEBI:C03013 KEGG COMPOUND KEGG COMPOUND:C01329 KEGG COMPOUND NMP KEGG COMPOUND: Nucleoside monophosphate KEGG COMPOUND: O[C@H]1[C@H]([*])O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O ChEBI: nucleoside phosphates ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_26271 An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8) InChIKey=ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(=O)C1CCCN1 C5H9NO2 DL-Proline Hpro Prolin prolina proline pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Beilstein:80809 ChemIDplus:609-36-9 CiteXplore:16534801 CiteXplore:21400017 CiteXplore:21903295 CiteXplore:22264337 CiteXplore:22280966 CiteXplore:22770225 Gmelin:26927 KEGG COMPOUND:609-36-9 KEGG COMPOUND:C16435 NIST Chemistry WebBook:609-36-9 Reaxys:80809 Wikipedia:Proline proline obo2:CHEBI_26400 Any ribonucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. purine ribonucleotides purine ribonucleotide obo2:CHEBI_26446 pyrimidine ribonucleotides pyrimidine ribonucleotide Any ribonucleic acid that is transfer RNA in which one or more of the free OH groups carries an alpha-aminoacyl group. Aminoacyl-tRNA C12H19NO11PR3(C5H8O6PR)n charged tRNA KEGG COMPOUND:C05156 Any ribonucleic acid that is transfer RNA in which one or more of the free OH groups carries an alpha-aminoacyl group. KEGG COMPOUND:C05156 chebi_ontology Aminoacyl-tRNA C12H19NO11PR3(C5H8O6PR)n CHEBI:2651 alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA CHEBI:2651 KEGG COMPOUND:C05156 KEGG COMPOUND Aminoacyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: C12H19NO11PR3(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: obo2:CHEBI_26561 ribonucleotides ribonucleotide A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units. chebi_ontology tetrahydrofolate tetrahydrofolates tetrahydrofolic acids CHEBI:26907 tetrahydrofolic acid CHEBI:26907 tetrahydrofolate ChEBI: tetrahydrofolates ChEBI: tetrahydrofolic acids ChEBI: An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. Beilstein:8204750 ChemIDplus:80-68-2 CiteXplore:11379295 CiteXplore:15221503 CiteXplore:22264337 NIST Chemistry WebBook:80-68-2 Wikipedia:Threonine threonine chebi_ontology C4H9NO3 Threonin CHEBI:26986 threonine CHEBI:26986 Beilstein:8204750 Beilstein Registry Number ChemIDplus:80-68-2 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:11379295 PubMed citation CiteXplore:15221503 PubMed citation CiteXplore:22264337 PubMed citation NIST Chemistry WebBook:80-68-2 CAS Registry Number Wikipedia:Threonine Wikipedia threonine IUPAC: C4H9NO3 ChEBI: Threonin ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_27266 A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group. InChI=1S/C5H11NO2/c1-3(2)4(6)5(7)8/h3-4H,6H2,1-2H3,(H,7,8) InChIKey=KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid C5H11NO2 DL-valine Hval Valin valina valine Beilstein:506689 ChemIDplus:516-06-3 CiteXplore:17190852 CiteXplore:22770225 Gmelin:49877 KEGG COMPOUND:516-06-3 KEGG COMPOUND:C16436 NIST Chemistry WebBook:516-06-3 Reaxys:506689 Wikipedia:Valine valine obo2:CHEBI_27570 An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. InChI=1S/C6H9N3O2/c7-5(6(10)11)1-4-2-8-3-9-4/h2-3,5H,1,7H2,(H,8,9)(H,10,11) InChIKey=HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(Cc1c[nH]cn1)C(O)=O 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid C6H9N3O2 DL-Histidine Histidin Histidine alpha-Amino-1H-imidazole-4-propionic acid histidina histidine CHEBI:24598 CHEBI:43118 CHEBI:5733 Beilstein:84087 ChemIDplus:4998-57-6 CiteXplore:17190852 CiteXplore:22264337 CiteXplore:22770225 Gmelin:3656 KEGG COMPOUND:4998-57-6 71-00-1 KEGG COMPOUND:C00768 KNApSAcK:C00001363 Reaxys:84087 Wikipedia:Histidine histidine obo2:CHEBI_27897 An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. InChI=1S/C11H12N2O2/c12-9(11(14)15)5-7-6-13-10-4-2-1-3-8(7)10/h1-4,6,9,13H,5,12H2,(H,14,15) InChIKey=QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)C(O)=O 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid C11H12N2O2 Htrp Trp Tryptophan W alpha-Amino-beta-(3-indolyl)-propionic acid alpha-amino-beta-3-indolepropionic acid beta-3-indolylalanine triptofano tryptophan tryptophane CHEBI:27163 CHEBI:9769 Beilstein:86196 ChemIDplus:54-12-6 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:22264337 Gmelin:4532 KEGG COMPOUND:54-12-6 KEGG COMPOUND:C00806 KNApSAcK:C00001396 NIST Chemistry WebBook:54-12-6 Reaxys:86196 Wikipedia:Tryptophan tryptophan obo2:CHEBI_28044 An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c10-8(9(11)12)6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6,10H2,(H,11,12) InChIKey=COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(Cc1ccccc1)C(O)=O 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid C9H11NO2 DL-Phenylalanine F PHE Phenylalanin Phenylalanine alpha-Amino-beta-phenylpropionic acid fenilalanina phenylalanine CHEBI:25984 CHEBI:8089 Beilstein:1910407 ChemIDplus:150-30-1 CiteXplore:17439666 CiteXplore:22264337 Gmelin:50836 KEGG COMPOUND:C02057 NIST Chemistry WebBook:150-30-1 Reaxys:1910407 Wikipedia:Phenylalanine phenylalanine obo2:CHEBI_28300 An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H2,7,8)(H,9,10) InChIKey=ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O 2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid 2-Aminoglutaramic acid 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid C5H10N2O3 Glutamin Glutamine Glutaminsaeure-5-amid Hgln glutamic acid gamma-amide glutamine CHEBI:24316 CHEBI:5432 Beilstein:1723795 ChemIDplus:585-21-7 ChemIDplus:6899-04-3 Gmelin:27318 KEGG COMPOUND:6899-04-3 KEGG COMPOUND:C00303 KNApSAcK:C00001359 Reaxys:1723795 Wikipedia:Glutamine glutamine obo2:CHEBI_28846 A 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate that is the 2'- deoxy derivative of cytidine 5'-diphosphate (CDP). InChI=1S/C9H15N3O10P2/c10-7-1-2-12(9(14)11-7)8-3-5(13)6(21-8)4-20-24(18,19)22-23(15,16)17/h1-2,5-6,8,13H,3-4H2,(H,18,19)(H2,10,11,14)(H2,15,16,17)/t5-,6+,8+/m0/s1 InChIKey=FTDHDKPUHBLBTL-SHYZEUOFSA-N Nc1ccn([C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O2)c(=O)n1 2'-Deoxycytidine 5'-diphosphate 2'-Deoxycytidine diphosphate 2'-deoxycytidine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) C9H15N3O10P2 D-1beta-Ribofuranosylcytosine diphosphate dCDP deoxycytidine diphosphate CHEBI:10492 CHEBI:19241 CHEBI:49966 ChemIDplus:800-73-7 CiteXplore:22212996 CiteXplore:2990252 HMDB:HMDB01245 KEGG COMPOUND:800-73-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C00705 MetaCyc:DCDP PDBeChem:YYY Reaxys:60648 Wikipedia:Deoxycytidine_diphosphate dCDP obo2:CHEBI_28850 A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate that has formula C9H14N2O11P2. InChI=1S/C9H14N2O11P2/c12-5-3-8(11-2-1-7(13)10-9(11)14)21-6(5)4-20-24(18,19)22-23(15,16)17/h1-2,5-6,8,12H,3-4H2,(H,18,19)(H,10,13,14)(H2,15,16,17)/t5-,6+,8+/m0/s1 InChIKey=QHWZTVCCBMIIKE-SHYZEUOFSA-N O[C@H]1C[C@@H](O[C@@H]1COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)n1ccc(=O)[nH]c1=O 2'-Deoxyuridine 5'-diphosphate 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) C9H14N2O11P2 dUDP CHEBI:10531 CHEBI:19262 KEGG COMPOUND:4208-67-7 KEGG COMPOUND:C01346 PDBeChem:DUD dUDP obo2:CHEBI_28862 A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. InChI=1S/C10H15N5O10P2/c11-10-13-8-7(9(17)14-10)12-3-15(8)6-1-4(16)5(24-6)2-23-27(21,22)25-26(18,19)20/h3-6,16H,1-2H2,(H,21,22)(H2,18,19,20)(H3,11,13,14,17)/t4-,5+,6+/m0/s1 InChIKey=CIKGWCTVFSRMJU-KVQBGUIXSA-N Nc1nc2n(cnc2c(=O)[nH]1)[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)O1 2'-DEOXYGUANOSINE-5'-DIPHOSPHATE 2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate C10H15N5O10P2 dGDP deoxyguanosine diphosphate CHEBI:10495 CHEBI:19245 CHEBI:41949 CiteXplore:16240436 CiteXplore:22761426 DrugBank:DB03491 ECMDB:ECMDB00960 HMDB:HMDB00960 KEGG COMPOUND:C00361 KNApSAcK:C00019355 MetaCyc:DGDP PDBeChem:DGI Reaxys:68703 Wikipedia:Deoxyguanosine_diphosphate YMDB:YMDB00898 dGDP obo2:CHEBI_29016 An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. InChI=1S/C6H14N4O2/c7-4(5(11)12)2-1-3-10-6(8)9/h4H,1-3,7H2,(H,11,12)(H4,8,9,10) InChIKey=ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(O)=O 2-Amino-5-guanidinovaleric acid 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid Arginin Arginine C6H14N4O2 Harg arginine CHEBI:22616 CHEBI:2643 Beilstein:1725411 ChemIDplus:7200-25-1 CiteXplore:10848923 KEGG COMPOUND:C02385 Reaxys:1725411 Wikipedia:L-Arginine arginine CHEBI:13252 CHEBI:6195 KEGG COMPOUND:C06113 Asp-tRNA(Asn) chebi_ontology Aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) C14H22NO13PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) L-aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) CHEBI:29151 Asp-tRNA(Asn) CHEBI:29151 KEGG COMPOUND:C06113 KEGG COMPOUND Asp-tRNA(Asn) CBN: Asp-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: Aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: C14H22NO13PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: L-aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) ChEBI: CHEBI:13096 CHEBI:6208 KEGG COMPOUND:C03125 Cys-tRNA(Cys) chebi_ontology C18H26N6O11PSR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) CHEBI:29152 Cys-tRNA(Cys) CHEBI:29152 KEGG COMPOUND:C03125 KEGG COMPOUND Cys-tRNA(Cys) CBN: C18H26N6O11PSR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13152 CHEBI:6283 KEGG COMPOUND:C03511 Phe-tRNA(Phe) chebi_ontology C19H26NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe) CHEBI:29153 Phe-tRNA(Phe) CHEBI:29153 KEGG COMPOUND:C03511 KEGG COMPOUND Phe-tRNA(Phe) CBN: C19H26NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Phenylalanyl-tRNA(Phe) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13155 CHEBI:6287 KEGG COMPOUND:C02702 Pro-tRNA(Pro) chebi_ontology L-Prolyl-tRNA(Pro) RC5H8NO CHEBI:29154 Pro-tRNA(Pro) CHEBI:29154 KEGG COMPOUND:C02702 KEGG COMPOUND Pro-tRNA(Pro) CBN: L-Prolyl-tRNA(Pro) KEGG COMPOUND: RC5H8NO ChEBI: CHEBI:13120 CHEBI:6243 KEGG COMPOUND:C02988 His-tRNA(His) chebi_ontology C16H24N3O11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Histidyl-tRNA(His) CHEBI:29155 His-tRNA(His) CHEBI:29155 KEGG COMPOUND:C02988 KEGG COMPOUND His-tRNA(His) CBN: C16H24N3O11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Histidyl-tRNA(His) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:14363 CHEBI:5503 KEGG COMPOUND:C02412 Gly-tRNA(Gly) chebi_ontology C12H20NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n Glycyl-tRNA(Gly) CHEBI:29156 Gly-tRNA(Gly) CHEBI:29156 KEGG COMPOUND:C02412 KEGG COMPOUND Gly-tRNA(Gly) CBN: C12H20NO11PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: Glycyl-tRNA(Gly) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13114 CHEBI:6232 KEGG COMPOUND:C02987 Glu-tRNA(Glu) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC20H28N6O13PR2 C20H28N6O13PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) CHEBI:29157 Glu-tRNA(Glu) CHEBI:29157 KEGG COMPOUND:C02987 KEGG COMPOUND Glu-tRNA(Glu) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC20H28N6O13PR2 ChEBI: C20H28N6O13PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13088 CHEBI:6196 KEGG COMPOUND:C02984 Asp-tRNA(Asp) chebi_ontology C14H22NO13PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Aspartyl-tRNA(Asp) CHEBI:29158 Asp-tRNA(Asp) CHEBI:29158 KEGG COMPOUND:C02984 KEGG COMPOUND Asp-tRNA(Asp) CBN: C14H22NO13PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Aspartyl-tRNA(Asp) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13179 CHEBI:6312 KEGG COMPOUND:C03512 Trp-tRNA(Trp) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC26H31N7O11PR2 C26H31N7O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Tryptophanyl-tRNA(Trp) CHEBI:29159 Trp-tRNA(Trp) CHEBI:29159 KEGG COMPOUND:C03512 KEGG COMPOUND Trp-tRNA(Trp) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC26H31N7O11PR2 ChEBI: C26H31N7O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Tryptophanyl-tRNA(Trp) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13128 CHEBI:6256 KEGG COMPOUND:C03127 Ile-tRNA(Ile) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC21H32N6O11PR2 C21H32N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) CHEBI:29160 Ile-tRNA(Ile) CHEBI:29160 KEGG COMPOUND:C03127 KEGG COMPOUND Ile-tRNA(Ile) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC21H32N6O11PR2 ChEBI: C21H32N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13185 CHEBI:6318 KEGG COMPOUND:C02839 Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC24H30N6O12PR2 L-Tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) CHEBI:29161 Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) CHEBI:29161 KEGG COMPOUND:C02839 KEGG COMPOUND Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC24H30N6O12PR2 ChEBI: L-Tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13171 CHEBI:6305 KEGG COMPOUND:C02553 Ser-tRNA(Ser) chebi_ontology C13H22NO12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Seryl-tRNA(Ser) CHEBI:29162 Ser-tRNA(Ser) CHEBI:29162 KEGG COMPOUND:C02553 KEGG COMPOUND Ser-tRNA(Ser) CBN: C13H22NO12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Seryl-tRNA(Ser) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13176 CHEBI:6309 KEGG COMPOUND:C02992 Thr-tRNA(Thr) chebi_ontology C14H24NO12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Threonyl-tRNA(Thr) CHEBI:29163 Thr-tRNA(Thr) CHEBI:29163 KEGG COMPOUND:C02992 KEGG COMPOUND Thr-tRNA(Thr) CBN: C14H24NO12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Threonyl-tRNA(Thr) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13187 CHEBI:6322 KEGG COMPOUND:C02554 Val-tRNA(Val) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC20H30N6O11PR2 C20H30N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n L-Valyl-tRNA(Val) CHEBI:29164 Val-tRNA(Val) CHEBI:29164 KEGG COMPOUND:C02554 KEGG COMPOUND Val-tRNA(Val) CBN: (C5H8O6P)nC20H30N6O11PR2 ChEBI: C20H30N6O11PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Valyl-tRNA(Val) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:13345 CHEBI:6231 KEGG COMPOUND:C06112 Glu-tRNA(Gln) chebi_ontology (C5H8O6P)nC20H28N6O13PR2 C20H28N6O13PR(C5H8O6PR)n Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) L-glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) CHEBI:29165 Glu-tRNA(Gln) CHEBI:29165 KEGG COMPOUND:C06112 KEGG COMPOUND Glu-tRNA(Gln) CBN: Glu-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: (C5H8O6P)nC20H28N6O13PR2 ChEBI: C20H28N6O13PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: L-Glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: L-glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) ChEBI: CHEBI:13112 CHEBI:13344 CHEBI:5433 KEGG COMPOUND:C02282 Gln-tRNA(Gln) chebi_ontology C20H29N7O12PR(C5H8O6PR)n Glutaminyl-tRNA Glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln) L-Glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln) CHEBI:29166 Gln-tRNA(Gln) CHEBI:29166 KEGG COMPOUND:C02282 KEGG COMPOUND Gln-tRNA(Gln) CBN: Gln-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: C20H29N7O12PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: Glutaminyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: Glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: L-Glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: CHEBI:10678 CHEBI:15173 KEGG COMPOUND:C01639 tRNA(Cys) chebi_ontology . C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n cysteine tRNA transfer RNA-Cys CHEBI:29167 tRNA(Cys) CHEBI:29167 KEGG COMPOUND:C01639 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Cys) KEGG COMPOUND: . ChEBI: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: cysteine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Cys EMBL: CHEBI:10679 CHEBI:15174 KEGG COMPOUND:C01640 tRNA(Gln) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n glutamine tRNA transfer RNA-Gln CHEBI:29168 tRNA(Gln) CHEBI:29168 KEGG COMPOUND:C01640 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Gln) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: glutamine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Gln EMBL: CHEBI:10684 CHEBI:15180 KEGG COMPOUND:C01645 tRNA(Leu) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n leucine tRNA transfer RNA-Leu CHEBI:29169 tRNA(Leu) CHEBI:29169 KEGG COMPOUND:C01645 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Leu) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: leucine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Leu EMBL: CHEBI:10672 CHEBI:15166 KEGG COMPOUND:C01635 tRNA(Ala) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n alanine tRNA transfer RNA-Ala CHEBI:29170 tRNA(Ala) CHEBI:29170 KEGG COMPOUND:C01635 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Ala) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: alanine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Ala EMBL: CHEBI:10673 CHEBI:15167 KEGG COMPOUND:C01636 tRNA(Arg) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n arginine tRNA transfer RNA-Arg CHEBI:29171 tRNA(Arg) CHEBI:29171 KEGG COMPOUND:C01636 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Arg) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: arginine tRNA CBN: transfer RNA-Arg EMBL: CHEBI:10674 CHEBI:15168 KEGG COMPOUND:C01637 tRNA(Asn) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n asparagine tRNA transfer RNA-Asn CHEBI:29172 tRNA(Asn) CHEBI:29172 KEGG COMPOUND:C01637 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: asparagine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Asn EMBL: CHEBI:10686 CHEBI:15182 KEGG COMPOUND:C01647 tRNA(Met) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n methionine tRNA transfer RNA-Met CHEBI:29173 tRNA(Met) CHEBI:29173 KEGG COMPOUND:C01647 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Met) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: methionine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Met EMBL: CHEBI:10683 CHEBI:15179 KEGG COMPOUND:C01644 tRNA(Ile) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n isoleucine tRNA transfer RNA-Ile CHEBI:29174 tRNA(Ile) CHEBI:29174 KEGG COMPOUND:C01644 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Ile) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: isoleucine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Ile EMBL: CHEBI:10680 CHEBI:15175 KEGG COMPOUND:C01641 tRNA(Glu) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n glutamic acid tRNA transfer RNA-Glu CHEBI:29175 tRNA(Glu) CHEBI:29175 KEGG COMPOUND:C01641 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Glu) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: glutamic acid tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Glu EMBL: CHEBI:10681 CHEBI:15177 KEGG COMPOUND:C01642 tRNA(Gly) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n glycine tRNA transfer RNA-Gly CHEBI:29176 tRNA(Gly) CHEBI:29176 KEGG COMPOUND:C01642 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Gly) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: glycine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Gly EMBL: CHEBI:10688 CHEBI:15184 KEGG COMPOUND:C01649 tRNA(Pro) chebi_ontology RH proline tRNA transfer RNA-Pro CHEBI:29177 tRNA(Pro) CHEBI:29177 KEGG COMPOUND:C01649 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Pro) KEGG COMPOUND: RH ChEBI: proline tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Pro EMBL: CHEBI:10682 CHEBI:15178 KEGG COMPOUND:C01643 tRNA(His) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n histidine tRNA transfer RNA-His CHEBI:29178 tRNA(His) CHEBI:29178 KEGG COMPOUND:C01643 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(His) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: histidine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-His EMBL: CHEBI:10689 CHEBI:15186 KEGG COMPOUND:C01650 tRNA(Ser) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n serine tRNA transfer RNA-Ser CHEBI:29179 tRNA(Ser) CHEBI:29179 KEGG COMPOUND:C01650 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Ser) KEGG COMPOUND: tRNA(Ser) UniProt: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: serine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Ser EMBL: CHEBI:10690 CHEBI:15187 KEGG COMPOUND:C01651 tRNA(Thr) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n threonine tRNA transfer RNA-Thr CHEBI:29180 tRNA(Thr) CHEBI:29180 KEGG COMPOUND:C01651 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Thr) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: threonine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Thr EMBL: CHEBI:10691 CHEBI:15188 KEGG COMPOUND:C01652 tRNA(Trp) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n transfer RNA-Trp tryptophan tRNA CHEBI:29181 tRNA(Trp) CHEBI:29181 KEGG COMPOUND:C01652 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Trp) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: transfer RNA-Trp EMBL: tryptophan tRNA EMBL: CHEBI:10692 CHEBI:15189 KEGG COMPOUND:C00787 tRNA(Tyr) chebi_ontology RH transfer RNA-Tyr tyrosine tRNA CHEBI:29182 tRNA(Tyr) CHEBI:29182 KEGG COMPOUND:C00787 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Tyr) KEGG COMPOUND: RH ChEBI: transfer RNA-Tyr EMBL: tyrosine tRNA JCBN: CHEBI:10694 CHEBI:15191 KEGG COMPOUND:C01653 tRNA(Val) chebi_ontology C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n transfer RNA-Val valine tRNA CHEBI:29183 tRNA(Val) CHEBI:29183 KEGG COMPOUND:C01653 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Val) KEGG COMPOUND: C15H21N5O10PR(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: transfer RNA-Val EMBL: valine tRNA JCBN: CHEBI:10687 CHEBI:15183 KEGG COMPOUND:C01648 PDB:1EHZ tRNA(Phe) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n phenylalanine tRNA transfer RNA-Phe CHEBI:29184 tRNA(Phe) CHEBI:29184 KEGG COMPOUND:C01648 KEGG COMPOUND PDB:1EHZ PDB tRNA(Phe) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: phenylalanine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Phe EMBL: CHEBI:10685 CHEBI:15181 KEGG COMPOUND:C01646 tRNA(Lys) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n lysine tRNA transfer RNA-Lys CHEBI:29185 tRNA(Lys) CHEBI:29185 KEGG COMPOUND:C01646 KEGG COMPOUND tRNA(Lys) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: lysine tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Lys EMBL: CHEBI:10675 CHEBI:15169 KEGG COMPOUND:C01638 PDB:3TRA tRNA(Asp) chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n aspartic acid tRNA transfer RNA-Asp CHEBI:29186 tRNA(Asp) CHEBI:29186 KEGG COMPOUND:C01638 KEGG COMPOUND PDB:3TRA PDB tRNA(Asp) KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: aspartic acid tRNA JCBN: transfer RNA-Asp EMBL: CHEBI:13084 CHEBI:13251 CHEBI:6192 KEGG COMPOUND:C03402 Asn-tRNA(Asn) chebi_ontology Asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn) C14H23N2O12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n L-Asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn) CHEBI:29265 Asn-tRNA(Asn) CHEBI:29265 C14H23N2O12PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: L-Asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: KEGG COMPOUND:C03402 KEGG COMPOUND Asn-tRNA(Asn) CBN: Asn-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: Asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn) KEGG COMPOUND: An acyclic phosphorus acid anhydride obtained by condensation of two molecules of phosphoric acid. CHEBI:45067 CHEBI:8683 ChemIDplus:2466-09-3 CiteXplore:6291941 DrugBank:DB04160 ECMDB:ECMDB04142 Gmelin:82619 KEGG COMPOUND:2466-09-3 KEGG COMPOUND:C00013 KNApSAcK:C00019561 NIST Chemistry WebBook:2466-09-3 PDBeChem:PPV Reaxys:3942075 1,5-dihydrido-2,4-dihydroxido-2,4-dioxido-1,3,5-trioxy-2,4-diphosphy-[5]catena Diphosphoric acid diphosphoric acid mu-oxido-bis(dihydroxidooxidophosphorus) chebi_ontology Diphosphorsaeure H4O7P2 H4P2O7 InChI=1S/H4O7P2/c1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6) InChIKey=XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O PYROPHOSPHATE Pyrophosphate Pyrophosphoric acid Pyrophosphorsaeure [(HO)2P(O)OP(O)(OH)2] acide diphosphorique CHEBI:29888 diphosphoric acid CHEBI:29888 ChemIDplus:2466-09-3 CAS Registry Number CiteXplore:6291941 PubMed citation DrugBank:DB04160 DrugBank ECMDB:ECMDB04142 ECMDB Gmelin:82619 Gmelin Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:2466-09-3 CAS Registry Number KEGG COMPOUND:C00013 KEGG COMPOUND KNApSAcK:C00019561 KNApSAcK NIST Chemistry WebBook:2466-09-3 CAS Registry Number PDBeChem:PPV PDBeChem Reaxys:3942075 Reaxys Registry Number 1,5-dihydrido-2,4-dihydroxido-2,4-dioxido-1,3,5-trioxy-2,4-diphosphy-[5]catena IUPAC: Diphosphoric acid KEGG COMPOUND: diphosphoric acid IUPAC: diphosphoric acid PDBeChem: mu-oxido-bis(dihydroxidooxidophosphorus) IUPAC: Diphosphorsaeure ChEBI: H4O7P2 KEGG COMPOUND: H4P2O7 IUPAC: InChI=1S/H4O7P2/c1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6) ChEBI: InChIKey=XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ChEBI: OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O ChEBI: PYROPHOSPHATE PDBeChem: Pyrophosphate KEGG COMPOUND: Pyrophosphoric acid KEGG COMPOUND: Pyrophosphorsaeure ChEBI: [(HO)2P(O)OP(O)(OH)2] IUPAC: acide diphosphorique ChEBI: CHEBI:13347 CHEBI:29946 CHEBI:42772 PDBeChem:GLY_LL RESID:AA0008 glycine residue chebi_ontology -Gly- -HN-CH2-CO- C2H3NO G glycine glycyl CHEBI:29947 glycine residue CHEBI:29947 PDBeChem:GLY_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0008 RESID glycine residue JCBN: -Gly- JCBN: -HN-CH2-CO- IUPAC: C2H3NO RESID: G JCBN: glycine RESID: glycyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0005 L-cysteine residue chebi_ontology -Cys- C C3H5NOS Cys L-cysteine L-cysteine acid residue L-cysteinyl CHEBI:29950 L-cysteine residue CHEBI:29950 RESID:AA0005 RESID L-cysteine residue JCBN: L-cysteine residue UniProt: -Cys- JCBN: C JCBN: C3H5NOS RESID: Cys JCBN: L-cysteine RESID: L-cysteine acid residue JCBN: L-cysteinyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0002 L-arginine residue chebi_ontology -Arg- Arg C6H12N4O L-arginine L-arginine base residue L-arginyl R CHEBI:29952 L-arginine residue CHEBI:29952 RESID:AA0002 RESID L-arginine residue JCBN: -Arg- JCBN: Arg JCBN: C6H12N4O RESID: L-arginine RESID: L-arginine base residue JCBN: L-arginyl ChEBI: R JCBN: RESID:AA0018 L-tryptophan residue chebi_ontology -Trp- C11H10N2O L-tryptophan L-tryptophyl Trp W CHEBI:29954 L-tryptophan residue CHEBI:29954 RESID:AA0018 RESID L-tryptophan residue JCBN: -Trp- JCBN: C11H10N2O RESID: L-tryptophan RESID: L-tryptophyl ChEBI: Trp JCBN: W JCBN: RESID:AA0004 L-aspartic acid residue chebi_ontology -Asp- Asp C4H5NO3 D L-aspartic acid L-aspartic residue L-aspartyl CHEBI:29958 L-aspartic acid residue CHEBI:29958 RESID:AA0004 RESID L-aspartic acid residue JCBN: -Asp- JCBN: Asp JCBN: C4H5NO3 RESID: D JCBN: L-aspartic acid RESID: L-aspartic residue JCBN: L-aspartyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0012 L-lysine residue chebi_ontology -Lys- C6H12N2O K L-lysine L-lysine base residue L-lysyl Lys CHEBI:29967 L-lysine residue CHEBI:29967 RESID:AA0012 RESID L-lysine residue JCBN: -Lys- JCBN: C6H12N2O ChEBI: K JCBN: L-lysine RESID: L-lysine base residue JCBN: L-lysyl ChEBI: Lys JCBN: RESID:AA0006 L-glutamic acid residue chebi_ontology -Glu- C5H7NO3 E Glu L-glutamic acid L-glutamic residue L-glutamyl CHEBI:29972 L-glutamic acid residue CHEBI:29972 RESID:AA0006 RESID L-glutamic acid residue JCBN: -Glu- ChEBI: C5H7NO3 RESID: E JCBN: Glu JCBN: L-glutamic acid RESID: L-glutamic residue JCBN: L-glutamyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0009 L-histidine residue chebi_ontology -His- C6H7N3O H His L-histidine L-histidine base residue L-histidyl CHEBI:29979 L-histidine residue CHEBI:29979 RESID:AA0009 RESID L-histidine residue JCBN: L-histidine residue UniProt: -His- JCBN: C6H7N3O RESID: H JCBN: His JCBN: L-histidine RESID: L-histidine base residue JCBN: L-histidyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0014 L-phenylalanine residue chebi_ontology -Phe- C9H9NO F L-phenylalanine L-phenylalanyl Phe CHEBI:29997 L-phenylalanine residue CHEBI:29997 RESID:AA0014 RESID L-phenylalanine residue JCBN: -Phe- JCBN: C9H9NO RESID: F JCBN: L-phenylalanine RESID: L-phenylalanyl ChEBI: Phe JCBN: RESID:AA0016 L-serine residue chebi_ontology -Ser- C3H5NO2 L-serine L-seryl S Ser CHEBI:29999 L-serine residue CHEBI:29999 RESID:AA0016 RESID L-serine residue JCBN: L-serine residue UniProt: -Ser- JCBN: C3H5NO2 RESID: L-serine RESID: L-seryl ChEBI: S JCBN: Ser JCBN: RESID:AA0011 L-leucine residue chebi_ontology -Leu- C6H11NO L L-leucine L-leucyl Leu CHEBI:30006 L-leucine residue CHEBI:30006 RESID:AA0011 RESID L-leucine residue JCBN: -Leu- JCBN: C6H11NO RESID: L JCBN: L-leucine RESID: L-leucyl ChEBI: Leu JCBN: RESID:AA0010 L-isoleucine residue chebi_ontology -Ile- C6H11NO I Ile L-isoleucine L-isoleucyl CHEBI:30009 L-isoleucine residue CHEBI:30009 RESID:AA0010 RESID L-isoleucine residue JCBN: -Ile- JCBN: C6H11NO RESID: I JCBN: Ile JCBN: L-isoleucine RESID: L-isoleucyl ChEBI: RESID:AA0007 L-glutamine residue chebi_ontology -Gln- C5H8N2O2 Gln Glu(NH2) L-glutamine L-glutaminyl Q CHEBI:30011 L-glutamine residue CHEBI:30011 RESID:AA0007 RESID L-glutamine residue JCBN: L-glutamine residue UniProt: -Gln- JCBN: C5H8N2O2 RESID: Gln JCBN: Glu(NH2) ChEBI: L-glutamine RESID: L-glutaminyl ChEBI: Q JCBN: RESID:AA0017 L-threonine residue chebi_ontology -Thr- C4H7NO2 L-threonine L-threonyl T Thr CHEBI:30013 L-threonine residue CHEBI:30013 RESID:AA0017 RESID L-threonine residue JCBN: L-threonine residue UniProt: -Thr- JCBN: C4H7NO2 RESID: L-threonine RESID: L-threonyl ChEBI: T JCBN: Thr JCBN: RESID:AA0020 L-valine residue chebi_ontology -Val- C5H9NO L-valine L-valyl V Val CHEBI:30015 L-valine residue CHEBI:30015 RESID:AA0020 RESID L-valine residue JCBN: -Val- JCBN: C5H9NO RESID: L-valine RESID: L-valyl ChEBI: V JCBN: Val JCBN: obo2:CHEBI_33696 A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. . NA Nukleinsaeure Nukleinsaeuren acide nucleique acides nucleiques acido nucleico acidos nucleicos nucleic acids nucleic acid obo2:CHEBI_33697 High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. . RNA RNS Ribonukleinsaeure pentosenucleic acids ribonucleic acid ribonucleic acids ribose nucleic acid yeast nucleic acid ChemIDplus:63231-63-0 ribonucleic acid obo2:CHEBI_33699 An RNA molecule that transfers the coding information for protein synthesis from the chromosomes to the ribosomes mRNA is formed from a DNA template by transcription. It may be a copy of a single gene or of several adjacent genes (polycistronic mRNA). On the ribosome, the sequence is converted into the programmed amino acid sequence through translation. . mRNA messenger RNA template RNA SO:0000234 messenger RNA chebi_ontology . canonical amino-acid residue canonical amino-acid residues common amino acid residues proteinogenic amino-acid residues standard amino acid residues standard amino-acid residues CHEBI:33700 proteinogenic amino-acid residue CHEBI:33700 . ChEBI: canonical amino-acid residue ChEBI: canonical amino-acid residues ChEBI: common amino acid residues ChEBI: proteinogenic amino-acid residues ChEBI: standard amino acid residues ChEBI: standard amino-acid residues ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_33704 An amino acid in which the amino group is located on the carbon atom at the position alpha to the carboxy group. NC([*])C(O)=O Amino acid Amino acids C2H4NO2R alpha-Amino acid alpha-amino acid alpha-amino acids alpha-amino carboxylic acids CHEBI:10208 CHEBI:13779 CHEBI:22442 CHEBI:2642 KEGG COMPOUND:C00045 KEGG COMPOUND:C05167 alpha-amino acid obo2:CHEBI_33709 A carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups. . Aminocarbonsaeure Aminokarbonsaeure Aminosaeure amino acids CHEBI:13815 CHEBI:22477 Wikipedia:Amino_acid amino acid chebi_ontology . alpha-amino-acid residues CHEBI:33710 alpha-amino-acid residue CHEBI:33710 . ChEBI: alpha-amino-acid residues ChEBI: chebi_ontology . formylmethionine tRNA transfer RNA-fMet CHEBI:33794 tRNA(fMet) CHEBI:33794 . ChEBI: formylmethionine tRNA ChEBI: transfer RNA-fMet EMBL: An N-glycosyl compound that has both a nucleobase, normally adenine, guanine, xanthine, thymine, cytosine or uracil, and either a ribose or deoxyribose as functional parents. CHEBI:13661 CHEBI:25611 CHEBI:7647 KEGG COMPOUND:C00801 Nucleoside nucleosides chebi_ontology C5H9O4R OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O a nucleoside nucleosides CHEBI:33838 nucleoside CHEBI:33838 KEGG COMPOUND:C00801 KEGG COMPOUND Nucleoside KEGG COMPOUND: nucleosides IUPAC: C5H9O4R KEGG COMPOUND: OC[C@H]1O[C@@H]([*])[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O ChEBI: a nucleoside UniProt: nucleosides ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_33839 A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. . macromolecule macromolecules polymer polymer molecule polymers Wikipedia:Macromolecule macromolecule obo2:CHEBI_36080 A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome. . proteins CHEBI:13677 CHEBI:14911 protein A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton. CHEBI:23058 CHEBI:3473 KEGG COMPOUND:C01373 Cation cation chebi_ontology . Kation Kationen cationes cations CHEBI:36916 cation CHEBI:36916 KEGG COMPOUND:C01373 KEGG COMPOUND Cation KEGG COMPOUND: cation ChEBI: cation IUPAC: . ChEBI: Kation ChEBI: Kationen ChEBI: cationes ChEBI: cations ChEBI: A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate. It is a phosphate ester that has a nucleoside moiety and has at least one phosphate moiety attached to the C-5 carbon of the ribose or deoxyribose moiety. CHEBI:13215 CHEBI:13663 CHEBI:7656 KEGG COMPOUND:C00215 Nucleotide chebi_ontology a nucleotide nucleotides CHEBI:36976 CHEBI_36976: nucleotide nucleotide CHEBI:36976 KEGG COMPOUND:C00215 KEGG COMPOUND Nucleotide KEGG COMPOUND: a nucleotide UniProt: nucleotides ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_37036 purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate obo2:CHEBI_37037 pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphates pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate nucleoside tetraphosphate chebi_ontology nucleoside tetraphosphates CHEBI:37056 nucleoside tetraphosphate ppGpp CHEBI:37056 nucleoside tetraphosphates ChEBI: A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units. CHEBI:24074 CHEBI:24076 folates folic acids chebi_ontology . folate folates CHEBI:37445 folic acids CHEBI:37445 folates IUPAC: folic acids ChEBI: . ChEBI: folate ChEBI: folates ChEBI: magnesium cation chebi_ontology Mg magnesium cations CHEBI:39127 magnesium cation CHEBI:39127 magnesium cation ChEBI: Mg ChEBI: magnesium cations ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_4431 A nucleotide in which the ribose moiety has one or more of its hydroxy groups substituted by hydrogen. O[C@H]1C[C@H]([*])O[C@@H]1COP(O)(O)=O deoxyribonucleotides deoxyribonucleotide CHEBI:29948 CHEBI:40686 CHEBI:46213 CHEBI:46434 PDBeChem:ALA_LL RESID:AA0001 L-alanine residue chebi_ontology -Ala- A ALANINE Ala C3H5NO L-alanine L-alanyl CHEBI:46217 L-alanine residue CHEBI:46217 PDBeChem:ALA_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0001 RESID L-alanine residue JCBN: -Ala- JCBN: A JCBN: ALANINE PDBeChem: Ala JCBN: C3H5NO RESID: L-alanine RESID: L-alanyl ChEBI: CHEBI:29975 CHEBI:46207 PDBeChem:TYR_LL RESID:AA0019 L-tyrosine residue chebi_ontology C9H9NO2 L-tyrosine L-tyrosine acid residue L-tyrosyl Tyr Y CHEBI:46858 L-tyrosine residue CHEBI:46858 PDBeChem:TYR_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0019 RESID L-tyrosine residue JCBN: L-tyrosine residue UniProt: C9H9NO2 RESID: L-tyrosine RESID: L-tyrosine acid residue JCBN: L-tyrosyl ChEBI: Tyr JCBN: Y JCBN: obo2:CHEBI_4705 C10H17O8PR2(C5H8O5PR)n.C10H17O7PR2(C5H8O6PR)n Double-stranded DNA KEGG COMPOUND:C00434 double-stranded DNA CHEBI:30017 CHEBI:45273 PDBeChem:PRO_LL RESID:AA0015 L-proline residue chebi_ontology -Pro- C5H7NO L-proline L-prolyl P Pro CHEBI:50342 L-proline residue CHEBI:50342 PDBeChem:PRO_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0015 RESID L-proline residue JCBN: -Pro- JCBN: C5H7NO ChEBI: C5H7NO RESID: L-proline RESID: L-prolyl ChEBI: P JCBN: Pro JCBN: CHEBI:29956 CHEBI:40859 PDBeChem:ASN_LL RESID:AA0003 L-asparagine residue chebi_ontology -Asn- ASPARAGINE Asn Asp(NH2) C4H6N2O2 L-asparagine L-asparaginyl N CHEBI:50347 L-asparagine residue CHEBI:50347 PDBeChem:ASN_LL PDBeChem RESID:AA0003 RESID L-asparagine residue JCBN: L-asparagine residue UniProt: -Asn- JCBN: ASPARAGINE PDBeChem: Asn JCBN: Asp(NH2) ChEBI: C4H6N2O2 RESID: L-asparagine RESID: L-asparaginyl ChEBI: N JCBN: obo2:CHEBI_60027 A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. Kunststoff Polymer Wikipedia:Polymer polymer obo2:CHEBI_61377 A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate in which the pyrimidine element is 5-methyluracil. InChI=1S/C10H16N2O12P2/c1-4-2-12(10(16)11-8(4)15)9-7(14)6(13)5(23-9)3-22-26(20,21)24-25(17,18)19/h2,5-7,9,13-14H,3H2,1H3,(H,20,21)(H,11,15,16)(H2,17,18,19)/t5-,6-,7-,9-/m1/s1 InChIKey=CYDYNVMCEGXBEM-JXOAFFINSA-N Cc1cn([C@@H]2O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)c(=O)[nH]c1=O 5' rTDP 5'-rTDP 5'-ribosylthymidylate diphosphate 5-methyl-O(5')-trihydroxydiphosphoryluridine 5-methyluridine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate) C10H16N2O12P2 rTDP ribosylthymidine 5'-diphosphate ribosylthymidine diphosphate ribosylthymine 5'-diphosphate ribosylthymine diphosphate ribothymidine 5'-diphosphate TDP KEGG COMPOUND:C02867 Oligoribonucleotide chebi_ontology C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n CHEBI:7757 Oligoribonucleotide CHEBI:7757 KEGG COMPOUND:C02867 KEGG COMPOUND Oligoribonucleotide KEGG COMPOUND: C10H17O10PR2(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: KEGG COMPOUND:C05157 Peptidyl-aminoacyl-tRNA chebi_ontology C14H21N2O12PR4(C2H2NOR)n(C5H8O6PR)n CHEBI:8014 Peptidyl-aminoacyl-tRNA CHEBI:8014 KEGG COMPOUND:C05157 KEGG COMPOUND Peptidyl-aminoacyl-tRNA KEGG COMPOUND: C14H21N2O12PR4(C2H2NOR)n(C5H8O6PR)n KEGG COMPOUND: KEGG COMPOUND:C19078 tRNA with a 3' cytidine chebi_ontology C19H29N3O17P2 CHEBI:82203 tRNA with a 3p cytidine CHEBI:82203 KEGG COMPOUND:C19078 KEGG COMPOUND C19H29N3O17P2 ChEBI: KEGG COMPOUND:C19080 tRNA with a 3' CC end chebi_ontology C28H41N6O24P3 tRNA with a 3' CC CHEBI:82205 tRNA with a 3p CC end CHEBI:82205 KEGG COMPOUND:C19080 KEGG COMPOUND C28H41N6O24P3 ChEBI: tRNA with a 3' CC KEGG COMPOUND: KEGG COMPOUND:C19085 tRNA with a 3' CCA end chebi_ontology C38H53N11O30P4 CHEBI:82208 tRNA with a 3p CCA end CHEBI:82208 KEGG COMPOUND:C19085 KEGG COMPOUND C38H53N11O30P4 ChEBI: obo2:CHEBI_9160 (C5H8O5P)nC10H19O14P3R3 C10H19O14P3R2(C5H8O5PR)n Single-stranded DNA KEGG COMPOUND:C00271 single-stranded DNA obo2:CHEBI_9532 A 1,3-thiazolium cation that is the conjugate acid of thiamine(1+) diphosphate(1). InChI=1S/C12H18N4O7P2S/c1-8-11(3-4-22-25(20,21)23-24(17,18)19)26-7-16(8)6-10-5-14-9(2)15-12(10)13/h5,7H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3,(H4-,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21)/p+1 InChIKey=AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Cc1ncc(C[n+]2csc(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)c2C)c(N)n1 3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-5-[2-(diphosphooxy)ethyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium C12H19N4O7P2S TPP ThPP Thiamin diphosphate Thiamin pyrophosphate Thiamine diphosphate Beilstein:136-08-3 Beilstein:3577792 CiteXplore:12111441 CiteXplore:16850348 CiteXplore:17611796 CiteXplore:6121420 ECMDB:ECMDB01372 HMDB:HMDB01372 KEGG COMPOUND:154-87-0 KEGG COMPOUND:C00068 KNApSAcK:C00019627 MetaCyc:THIAMINE-PYROPHOSPHATE PDBeChem:TPP Reaxys:3577792 YMDB:YMDB00381 thiamine(1+) diphosphate The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the large ribosomal subunit. 50S ribosomal subunit assembly 60S ribosomal subunit assembly biological_process GO:0000027 ribosomal large subunit assembly GO:0000027 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the large ribosomal subunit. GOC:jl 50S ribosomal subunit assembly GOC:mah 60S ribosomal subunit assembly GOC:mah The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the small ribosomal subunit. 30S ribosomal subunit assembly 40S ribosomal subunit assembly biological_process GO:0000028 ribosomal small subunit assembly GO:0000028 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the small ribosomal subunit. GOC:jl 30S ribosomal subunit assembly GOC:mah 40S ribosomal subunit assembly GOC:mah A chromosome found in the cytoplasm. cytoplasmic interphase chromosome cellular_component GO:0000229 cytoplasmic chromosome GO:0000229 A chromosome found in the cytoplasm. GOC:mah The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fragment of RNA, such as excised introns or sequences removed from ribosomal RNA during processing. GO:0030452 RNA fragment breakdown RNA fragment catabolism RNA fragment degradation group I intron catabolic process biological_process GO:0000292 RNA fragment catabolic process GO:0000292 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fragment of RNA, such as excised introns or sequences removed from ribosomal RNA during processing. GOC:mah RNA fragment catabolism GOC:mah Exonucleolytic digestion of a pre-rRNA molecule in the process to generate a mature rRNA molecule. biological_process exonucleolytic trimming during rRNA processing GO:0000459 exonucleolytic trimming involved in rRNA processing GO:0000459 Exonucleolytic digestion of a pre-rRNA molecule in the process to generate a mature rRNA molecule. GOC:curators exonucleolytic trimming during rRNA processing GOC:dph GOC:tb Any phosphodiester bond hydrolysis involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into a mature rRNA molecule. biological_process cleavage during rRNA processing GO:0000469 cleavage involved in rRNA processing GO:0000469 Any phosphodiester bond hydrolysis involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into a mature rRNA molecule. GOC:curators cleavage during rRNA processing GOC:dph GOC:tb 23S rRNA processing Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule. biological_process GO:0000470 maturation of LSU-rRNA GO:0000470 Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule. GOC:curators Any endonucleolytic cleavage involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into a mature rRNA molecule. Some endonucleolytic cleavages produce the mature end, while others are a step in the process of generating the mature end from the pre-rRNA. biological_process endonucleolytic cleavage during rRNA processing GO:0000478 endonucleolytic cleavage involved in rRNA processing GO:0000478 Any endonucleolytic cleavage involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into a mature rRNA molecule. Some endonucleolytic cleavages produce the mature end, while others are a step in the process of generating the mature end from the pre-rRNA. GOC:krc PMID:10690410 endonucleolytic cleavage during rRNA processing GOC:dph GOC:tb 5S rRNA processing Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5S rRNA molecule. biological_process GO:0000481 maturation of 5S rRNA GO:0000481 Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5S rRNA molecule. GOC:curators Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in a bacterial-type RNA polymerase core promoter, the region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the basal transcription machinery, in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. kchris 2010-08-10T03:01:38Z eubacterial-type RNA polymerase core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding molecular_function GO:0000985 bacterial-type RNA polymerase core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0000985 Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in a bacterial-type RNA polymerase core promoter, the region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the basal transcription machinery, in order to modulate transcription. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. GOC:txnOH Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme, typically consisting of two alpha, one beta, one beta prime, and one omega subunit. kchris 2010-08-17T04:59:00Z eubacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding molecular_function GO:0001000 bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding GO:0001000 Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme, typically consisting of two alpha, one beta, one beta prime, and one omega subunit. GOC:txnOH RNAP holoenzyme complexation Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the basal transcription machinery which is composed of a bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme and a sigma factor, the minimal set of factors required for formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase. kchris 2010-11-30T04:26:04Z basal bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription machinery binding molecular_function GO:0001108 bacterial-type RNA polymerase holo enzyme binding GO:0001108 Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the basal transcription machinery which is composed of a bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme and a sigma factor, the minimal set of factors required for formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase. GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors. kchris 2010-12-01T02:13:09Z promoter escape promoter clearance during DNA-dependent transcription biological_process GO:0001109 promoter clearance during DNA-templated transcription GO:0001109 Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors. GOC:txnOH PMID:15020047 PMID:18280161 promoter clearance during DNA-dependent transcription GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble. kchris 2010-12-02T02:15:04Z promoter melting DNA-dependent transcriptional open complex formation transcriptional open complex formation, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:0001112 DNA-templated transcriptional open complex formation GO:0001112 Any process involved in the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble. GOC:txnOH PMID:15020047 PMID:18280161 DNA-dependent transcriptional open complex formation GOC:txnOH A macromolecular complex containing protein, DNA, and RNA molecules. kchris 2010-12-03T02:09:38Z cellular_component GO:0001114 protein-DNA-RNA complex GO:0001114 A macromolecular complex containing protein, DNA, and RNA molecules. GOC:txnOH The disaggregation of a transcription ternary complex, composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript, into its constituent components. kchris 2010-12-03T04:11:34Z transcription protein-DNA-RNA complex disassembly biological_process GO:0001118 transcription ternary complex disassembly GO:0001118 The disaggregation of a transcription ternary complex, composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript, into its constituent components. GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phase of transcription by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance generally involves dissociation of the sigma initiation factor. kchris 2010-12-06T03:38:10Z biological_process GO:0001122 promoter clearance from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001122 Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phase of transcription by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance generally involves dissociation of the sigma initiation factor. GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 Any process involved in the assembly of bacterial-type RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription. kchris 2010-12-06T03:40:12Z biological_process GO:0001123 transcription initiation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001123 Any process involved in the assembly of bacterial-type RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription. GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase using a DNA template is completed. kchris 2010-12-06T03:47:43Z biological_process GO:0001125 transcription termination from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001125 The process in which the synthesis of an RNA molecule by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase using a DNA template is completed. GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription by RNA polymerase. kchris 2010-12-06T03:54:45Z bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription PIC biosynthesis bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription PIC formation bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcriptional preinitiation complex formation biological_process GO:0001126 bacterial-type RNA polymerase preinitiation complex assembly GO:0001126 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription by RNA polymerase. GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 Any process involved in the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble. kchris 2010-12-06T04:04:16Z biological_process GO:0001127 transcriptional open complex formation at bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001127 Any process involved in the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble. GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of RNA. kchris 2011-03-14T03:54:46Z transcription, RNA-dependent biological_process GO:0001172 transcription, RNA-templated GO:0001172 The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of RNA. GOC:txnOH transcription, RNA-dependent GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript. kchris 2011-06-20T12:44:11Z DNA-dependent transcriptional start site selection transcriptional start site selection, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:0001173 DNA-templated transcriptional start site selection GO:0001173 Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript. GOC:txnOH PMID:16826228 PMID:18846104 DNA-dependent transcriptional start site selection GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript. kchris 2011-06-20T01:48:56Z biological_process GO:0001176 transcriptional start site selection at bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001176 Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript. GOC:txnOH Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation on a DNA template. kchris 2011-09-02T02:25:30Z maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-dependent transcription elongation biological_process GO:0001192 maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation GO:0001192 Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation on a DNA template. GOC:txnOH maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-dependent transcription elongation GOC:txnOH Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter. kchris 2011-09-02T02:37:59Z maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-dependent transcription elongation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter biological_process GO:0001194 maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GO:0001194 Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter. GOC:txnOH maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-dependent transcription elongation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter GOC:txnOH Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). translation initiation ternary complex assembly biological_process GO:0001677 formation of translation initiation ternary complex GO:0001677 Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). GOC:hjd Post-transcriptional addition of the terminal 3' CCA sequence to a tRNA which does not encode this sequence within the primary transcript. CCA addition proceeds by the sequential addition of CTP, CTP, and then ATP to the 3' end of the tRNA, yielding a diphosphate with each nucleotide addition. ATP(CTP)-tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity CCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity CTP(ATP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity tRNA adenylyl(cytidylyl)transferase activity tRNA-nucleotidyltransferase activity transfer ribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase activity transfer ribonucleic acid nucleotidyl transferase activity transfer ribonucleic-terminal trinucleotide nucleotidyltransferase activity transfer-RNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 KEGG:R09382 MetaCyc:TRNA-CYTIDYLYLTRANSFERASE-RXN CCA-adding enzyme activity CCA-adding enzyme, tRNA adenylyltransferase, tRNA cytidylyltransferase, tRNA CCA-pyrophosphorylase activity ribonucleic cytidylic cytidylic adenylic pyrophosphorylase activity tRNA 3'-terminal CCA addition CTP:tRNA cytidylyltransferase activity ribonucleic cytidylyltransferase activity tRNA cytidylyltransferase activity transfer RNA adenylyltransferase activity transfer ribonucleate adenyltransferase activity transfer ribonucleate adenylyltransferase activity transfer ribonucleate cytidylyltransferase activity biological_process -C-C-A pyrophosphorylase activity CTP,CTP,ATP:tRNA cytidylyl,cytidylyl,adenylyltransferase tRNA CCA-diphosphorylase activity transfer ribonucleic adenylyl (cytidylyl) transferase activity GO:0001680 tRNA 3p-terminal CCA addition GO:0001680 Post-transcriptional addition of the terminal 3' CCA sequence to a tRNA which does not encode this sequence within the primary transcript. CCA addition proceeds by the sequential addition of CTP, CTP, and then ATP to the 3' end of the tRNA, yielding a diphosphate with each nucleotide addition. EC:2.7.7.72 GOC:go_curators ATP(CTP)-tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 ATP(CTP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 CCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 CTP(ATP):tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 tRNA adenylyl(cytidylyl)transferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 tRNA-nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleic acid nucleotidyl transferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleic-terminal trinucleotide nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer-RNA nucleotidyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 CCA-adding enzyme activity EC:2.7.7.72 CCA-adding enzyme, tRNA adenylyltransferase, tRNA cytidylyltransferase, tRNA CCA-pyrophosphorylase activity EC:2.7.7.72 ribonucleic cytidylic cytidylic adenylic pyrophosphorylase activity EC:2.7.7.72 CTP:tRNA cytidylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 ribonucleic cytidylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 tRNA cytidylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer RNA adenylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleate adenyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleate adenylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleate cytidylyltransferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 -C-C-A pyrophosphorylase activity EC:2.7.7.72 tRNA CCA-diphosphorylase activity EC:2.7.7.72 transfer ribonucleic adenylyl (cytidylyl) transferase activity EC:2.7.7.72 The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA. GO:0031369 formation of translation pre-initiation complex translation preinitiation complex assembly biological_process GO:0001731 See also the cellular component terms 'eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex ; GO:0016282', 'eukaryotic 48S initiation complex ; GO:0033290', and their children. formation of translation preinitiation complex GO:0001731 The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA. GOC:hjd Joining of the large subunit, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. formation of translation initiation complex translation initiation complex assembly cytoplasmic translation initiation complex assembly biological_process GO:0001732 formation of cytoplasmic translation initiation complex GO:0001732 Joining of the large subunit, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. GOC:hjd The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. hjd 2011-06-09T03:11:53Z biological_process GO:0002181 Note that this term applies to translation performed by cytoplasmic ribosomes, which is distinct from translation performed by organellar ribosomes. For mitochondrial translation, consider GO:0032543 'mitochondrial translation' or its child terms. cytoplasmic translation GO:0002181 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein. GOC:hjd The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm. hjd 2011-06-09T03:14:42Z biological_process GO:0002182 cytoplasmic translational elongation GO:0002182 The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm. GOC:hjd The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. hjd 2011-06-09T03:15:48Z biological_process GO:0002183 cytoplasmic translational initiation GO:0002183 The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in the cytoplasm. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. GOC:hjd The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon. hjd 2011-06-09T03:17:13Z biological_process GO:0002184 cytoplasmic translational termination GO:0002184 The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon. GOC:hjd The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. GO:0008372 NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 NIF_Subcellular:sao1337158144 cell or subcellular entity cellular component cellular_component subcellular entity GO:0005575 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the cellular component ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose cellular component is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the cellular component of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. cellular_component GO:0005575 The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together. GOC:go_curators NIF_Subcellular:sao-1337158144 subcellular entity NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_100315 The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. cell and encapsulating structures NIF_Subcellular:sao1813327414 Wikipedia:Cell_(biology) cellular_component GO:0005623 cell GO:0005623 The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. GOC:go_curators A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. SO:0000340 Wikipedia:Chromosome interphase chromosome prophase chromosome cellular_component chromatid GO:0005694 Chromosomes include parts that are not part of the chromatin. Examples include the kinetochore. chromosome GO:0005694 A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information. ISBN:0198547684 All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. Wikipedia:Cytoplasm cellular_component GO:0005737 cytoplasm GO:0005737 All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. ISBN:0198547684 An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. GO:0033279 NIF_Subcellular:sao1429207766 Wikipedia:Ribosome free ribosome membrane bound ribosome cellular_component ribosomal RNA GO:0005840 ribosome GO:0005840 An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins. ISBN:0198506732 free ribosome NIF_Subcellular:sao1139385046 membrane bound ribosome NIF_Subcellular:sao1291545653 The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. GO:0006350 GO:0061018 GO:0061022 cellular transcription transcription Wikipedia:Transcription_(genetics) DNA-dependent transcription cellular transcription, DNA-dependent transcription, DNA-dependent biological_process transcription regulator activity GO:0006351 transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006351 The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. GOC:jl GOC:txnOH transcription, DNA-dependent GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter DNA-dependent transcription, initiation initiation of DNA-dependent transcription initiation of transcription, DNA-dependent biological_process transcription initiation factor activity transcription initiation, DNA-dependent GO:0006352 (starts_with some 'DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly') and (ends_with some 'sigma factor release') and (has_intermediate_process some 'abortive initiation') and (has_supergrain_process_component only ('DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly' or 'sigma factor release' or 'abortive initiation')) Note that promoter clearance is represented as a separate step, not part_of either initiation or elongation. DNA-templated transcription, initiation GO:0006352 Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase preinitiation complex (PIC) at the core promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. The initiation phase ends just before and does not include promoter clearance, or release, which is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription. GOC:jid GOC:txnOH PMID:18280161 DNA-dependent transcription, initiation GOC:txnOH initiation of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 initiation of transcription, DNA-dependent GOC:mah transcription initiation, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 The cellular process that completes DNA-templated transcription; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. transcriptional complex disassembly DNA-dependent transcription, termination termination of DNA-dependent transcription termination of transcription, DNA-dependent biological_process transcription termination factor activity transcription termination, DNA-dependent GO:0006353 DNA-templated transcription, termination GO:0006353 The cellular process that completes DNA-templated transcription; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. GOC:txnOH ISBN:0716720094 PMID:15020047 PMID:18280161 DNA-dependent transcription, termination GOC:txnOH termination of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 termination of transcription, DNA-dependent GOC:mah transcription termination, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. GO:0032583 GO:0045449 GO:0061019 transcriptional control regulation of cellular transcription, DNA-dependent regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent biological_process regulation of gene-specific transcription GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006355 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. GOC:go_curators GOC:txnOH regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent GOC:txnOH Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. GO:0006365 35S primary transcript processing biological_process GO:0006364 rRNA processing GO:0006364 Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules. GOC:curators Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules. GO:0006394 Wikipedia:Post-transcriptional_modification biological_process GO:0006396 RNA processing GO:0006396 Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules. GOC:mah Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide. Reactome:REACT_100203 Reactome:REACT_107308 Reactome:REACT_109953 Reactome:REACT_113864 Reactome:REACT_114358 Reactome:REACT_115262 Reactome:REACT_1768 Reactome:REACT_32742 Reactome:REACT_33642 Reactome:REACT_82691 Reactome:REACT_90366 Reactome:REACT_91511 Reactome:REACT_93186 Reactome:REACT_94083 Reactome:REACT_96661 Reactome:REACT_97412 Reactome:REACT_97436 biological_process mRNA maturation GO:0006397 mRNA processing GO:0006397 Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide. GOC:mah Reactome:REACT_100203 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_107308 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_109953 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_113864 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_114358 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_115262 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_1768 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_32742 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_33642 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_82691 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_90366 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_91511 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_93186 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_94083 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_96661 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_97412 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_97436 Processing of Capped Intronless Pre-mRNA, Mus musculus The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. RNA breakdown RNA catabolism RNA degradation biological_process GO:0006401 RNA catabolic process GO:0006401 The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. ISBN:0198506732 The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. GO:0006416 GO:0006453 GO:0043037 Reactome:REACT_100338 Reactome:REACT_100851 Reactome:REACT_101045 Reactome:REACT_101324 Reactome:REACT_1014 Reactome:REACT_103420 Reactome:REACT_105544 Reactome:REACT_29980 Reactome:REACT_33559 Reactome:REACT_77710 Reactome:REACT_79784 Reactome:REACT_81734 Reactome:REACT_81833 Reactome:REACT_82171 Reactome:REACT_83429 Reactome:REACT_83530 Reactome:REACT_86996 Reactome:REACT_95535 Reactome:REACT_96394 Wikipedia:Translation_(genetics) protein anabolism protein biosynthesis protein biosynthetic process protein formation protein synthesis protein translation biological_process GO:0006412 translation GO:0006412 The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. GOC:go_curators Reactome:REACT_100338 Translation, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_100851 Translation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_101045 Translation, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_101324 Translation, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_1014 Translation, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_103420 Translation, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_105544 Translation, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_29980 Translation, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_33559 Translation, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_77710 Translation, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_79784 Translation, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_81734 Translation, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_81833 Translation, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_82171 Translation, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_83429 Translation, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_83530 Translation, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_86996 Translation, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_95535 Translation, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_96394 Translation, Escherichia coli protein biosynthetic process GOC:curators The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. GO:0006440 GO:0006454 biopolymerisation biopolymerization protein synthesis initiation Reactome:REACT_101789 Reactome:REACT_104290 Reactome:REACT_2159 Reactome:REACT_29447 Reactome:REACT_30389 Reactome:REACT_33969 Reactome:REACT_34354 Reactome:REACT_77252 Reactome:REACT_79705 Reactome:REACT_85780 Reactome:REACT_88031 Reactome:REACT_91066 Reactome:REACT_95293 Reactome:REACT_95552 Reactome:REACT_95685 Reactome:REACT_97707 Reactome:REACT_98138 Reactome:REACT_99004 translation initiation biological_process GO:0006413 translational initiation GO:0006413 The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA. ISBN:019879276X Reactome:REACT_101789 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_104290 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_2159 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_29447 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_30389 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_33969 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_34354 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_77252 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_79705 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_85780 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_88031 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_91066 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_95293 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_95552 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_95685 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_97707 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_98138 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_99004 Eukaryotic Translation Initiation, Danio rerio The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis. GO:0006442 GO:0006455 protein synthesis elongation Reactome:REACT_100207 Reactome:REACT_100561 Reactome:REACT_101290 Reactome:REACT_101737 Reactome:REACT_102082 Reactome:REACT_103580 Reactome:REACT_108124 Reactome:REACT_108677 Reactome:REACT_108858 Reactome:REACT_1477 Reactome:REACT_30678 Reactome:REACT_31079 Reactome:REACT_80015 Reactome:REACT_80831 Reactome:REACT_81624 Reactome:REACT_82124 Reactome:REACT_88049 Reactome:REACT_93503 Reactome:REACT_96070 translation elongation biological_process GO:0006414 translational elongation GO:0006414 The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis. GOC:ems Reactome:REACT_100207 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_100561 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_101290 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_101737 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_102082 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_103580 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_108124 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_108677 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_108858 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_1477 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_30678 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_31079 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_80015 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_80831 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_81624 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_82124 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_88049 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_93503 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_96070 Eukaryotic Translation Elongation, Plasmodium falciparum The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code). GO:0006443 GO:0006456 protein synthesis termination Reactome:REACT_100227 Reactome:REACT_100585 Reactome:REACT_100730 Reactome:REACT_1034 Reactome:REACT_103749 Reactome:REACT_104420 Reactome:REACT_104616 Reactome:REACT_106326 Reactome:REACT_107138 Reactome:REACT_107171 Reactome:REACT_107771 Reactome:REACT_107964 Reactome:REACT_109127 Reactome:REACT_109494 Reactome:REACT_110009 Reactome:REACT_112381 Reactome:REACT_112559 Reactome:REACT_112632 Reactome:REACT_113540 Reactome:REACT_114287 Reactome:REACT_114807 Reactome:REACT_1152 Reactome:REACT_115292 Reactome:REACT_1654 Reactome:REACT_1986 Reactome:REACT_227 Reactome:REACT_28115 Reactome:REACT_28238 Reactome:REACT_28773 Reactome:REACT_29257 Reactome:REACT_31194 Reactome:REACT_31222 Reactome:REACT_32804 Reactome:REACT_33545 Reactome:REACT_34123 Reactome:REACT_34462 Reactome:REACT_389 Reactome:REACT_393 Reactome:REACT_716 Reactome:REACT_78279 Reactome:REACT_78389 Reactome:REACT_78823 Reactome:REACT_80339 Reactome:REACT_81067 Reactome:REACT_81196 Reactome:REACT_81882 Reactome:REACT_83324 Reactome:REACT_83432 Reactome:REACT_84537 Reactome:REACT_84840 Reactome:REACT_84975 Reactome:REACT_86647 Reactome:REACT_86888 Reactome:REACT_87882 Reactome:REACT_88395 Reactome:REACT_88662 Reactome:REACT_91109 Reactome:REACT_92456 Reactome:REACT_92895 Reactome:REACT_93205 Reactome:REACT_93556 Reactome:REACT_94459 Reactome:REACT_94463 Reactome:REACT_97483 translation termination translational complex disassembly biological_process GO:0006415 translational termination GO:0006415 The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code). GOC:hjd ISBN:019879276X Reactome:REACT_100227 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_100585 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_100730 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_1034 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_103749 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_104420 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_104616 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_106326 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_107138 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_107171 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_107771 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_107964 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_109127 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_109494 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_110009 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_112381 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_112559 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_112632 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_113540 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_114287 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_114807 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_1152 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_115292 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_1654 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_1986 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_227 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_28115 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_28238 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_28773 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_29257 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_31194 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_31222 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_32804 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_33545 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_34123 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_34462 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_389 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_393 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl-tRNA:mRNA:Ribosome complex, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_716 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_78279 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_78389 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_78823 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_80339 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_81067 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_81196 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_81882 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_83324 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_83432 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_84537 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_84840 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_84975 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_86647 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_86888 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_87882 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_88395 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_88662 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_91109 GTP Hydrolysis by eRF3 bound to the eRF1:mRNA:polypeptide:80S Ribosome complex, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_92456 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_92895 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_93205 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_93556 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_94459 GTP bound eRF3:eRF1 complex binds the peptidyl tRNA:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_94463 Eukaryotic Translation Termination, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_97483 Polypeptide release from the eRF3-GDP:eRF1:mRNA:80S Ribosome complex, Mus musculus Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA. GO:0006445 regulation of protein anabolism regulation of protein biosynthesis regulation of protein formation regulation of protein synthesis biological_process GO:0006417 regulation of translation GO:0006417 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA. GOC:isa_complete The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03038 biological_process GO:0006419 alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006419 The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03646 biological_process GO:0006420 arginyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006420 The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03648 biological_process GO:0006421 asparaginyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006421 The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling aspartate to aspartyl-tRNA, catalyzed by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R05577 biological_process GO:0006422 aspartyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006422 The process of coupling aspartate to aspartyl-tRNA, catalyzed by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mah ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03650 biological_process GO:0006423 cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006423 The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA. R05578 biological_process GO:0006424 glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006424 The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03652 biological_process GO:0006425 glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006425 The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'- adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03654 biological_process GO:0006426 glycyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006426 The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03655 biological_process GO:0006427 histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006427 The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03656 biological_process GO:0006428 isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006428 The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling leucine to leucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by leucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03657 biological_process GO:0006429 leucyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006429 The process of coupling leucine to leucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by leucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03658 biological_process GO:0006430 lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006430 The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03659 biological_process GO:0006431 methionyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006431 The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03660 biological_process GO:0006432 phenylalanyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006432 The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling proline to prolyl-tRNA, catalyzed by prolyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03661 biological_process GO:0006433 prolyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006433 The process of coupling proline to prolyl-tRNA, catalyzed by prolyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mah ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling serine to seryl-tRNA, catalyzed by seryl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03662 biological_process GO:0006434 seryl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006434 The process of coupling serine to seryl-tRNA, catalyzed by seryl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03663 biological_process GO:0006435 threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006435 The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03664 biological_process GO:0006436 tryptophanyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006436 The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R02918 biological_process GO:0006437 tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006437 The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 The process of coupling valine to valyl-tRNA, catalyzed by valyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. R03665 biological_process GO:0006438 valyl-tRNA aminoacylation GO:0006438 The process of coupling valine to valyl-tRNA, catalyzed by valyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA. GOC:mcc ISBN:0716730510 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. biological_process GO:0006446 regulation of translational initiation GO:0006446 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. GOC:go_curators Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or accuracy of translational elongation. biological_process GO:0006448 regulation of translational elongation GO:0006448 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or accuracy of translational elongation. GOC:go_curators Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination. biological_process GO:0006449 regulation of translational termination GO:0006449 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination. GOC:go_curators Any process that modulates the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code. GO:0000029 regulation of translational accuracy biological_process GO:0006450 regulation of translational fidelity GO:0006450 Any process that modulates the ability of the translational apparatus to interpret the genetic code. GOC:dph GOC:tb The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. GO:0007022 GO:0007024 GO:0007025 Reactome:REACT_100411 Reactome:REACT_104912 Reactome:REACT_105663 Reactome:REACT_106009 Reactome:REACT_106427 Reactome:REACT_106894 Reactome:REACT_106927 Reactome:REACT_107029 Reactome:REACT_108248 Reactome:REACT_109411 Reactome:REACT_110417 Reactome:REACT_16956 Reactome:REACT_17001 Reactome:REACT_17004 Reactome:REACT_17056 Reactome:REACT_23878 Reactome:REACT_30906 Reactome:REACT_32155 Reactome:REACT_32255 Reactome:REACT_33395 Reactome:REACT_77627 Reactome:REACT_77963 Reactome:REACT_78530 Reactome:REACT_81155 Reactome:REACT_83906 Reactome:REACT_85492 Reactome:REACT_85496 Reactome:REACT_86318 Reactome:REACT_91676 Reactome:REACT_92785 Reactome:REACT_92961 Reactome:REACT_92981 Reactome:REACT_94123 Reactome:REACT_94443 Reactome:REACT_94772 Reactome:REACT_96773 Reactome:REACT_97016 Reactome:REACT_97220 Reactome:REACT_98132 Wikipedia:Protein_folding alpha-tubulin folding beta-tubulin folding chaperonin-mediated tubulin folding biological_process chaperone activity chaperonin ATPase activity co-chaperone activity co-chaperonin activity glycoprotein-specific chaperone activity non-chaperonin molecular chaperone ATPase activity protein complex assembly, multichaperone pathway GO:0006457 protein folding GO:0006457 The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure. GOC:go_curators GOC:rb Reactome:REACT_100411 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_104912 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_105663 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_106009 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_106427 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_106894 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_106927 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_107029 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_108248 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_109411 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_110417 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_16956 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_17001 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_17004 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_17056 Cooperation of Prefoldin and TriC/CCT in actin and tubulin folding, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_23878 N-glycan trimming in the ER and Calnexin/Calreticulin cycle, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_30906 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_32155 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_32255 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_33395 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_77627 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_77963 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_78530 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_81155 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_83906 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_85492 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_85496 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_86318 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_91676 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_92785 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_92961 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_92981 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_94123 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_94443 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_94772 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_96773 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_97016 Chaperonin-mediated protein folding, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_97220 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_98132 Formation of tubulin folding intermediates by CCT/TriC, Oryza sativa alpha-tubulin folding GOC:mah beta-tubulin folding GOC:mah chaperonin-mediated tubulin folding GOC:mah The process of assisting in the folding of a nascent peptide chain into its correct tertiary structure. nascent chain protein folding biological_process GO:0006458 'de novo' protein folding GO:0006458 The process of assisting in the folding of a nascent peptide chain into its correct tertiary structure. GOC:mb Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GO:0000004 GO:0007582 Wikipedia:Biological_process biological process physiological process biological_process GO:0008150 Note that, in addition to forming the root of the biological process ontology, this term is recommended for use for the annotation of gene products whose biological process is unknown. Note that when this term is used for annotation, it indicates that no information was available about the biological process of the gene product annotated as of the date the annotation was made; the evidence code ND, no data, is used to indicate this. biological_process GO:0008150 Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete The cellular synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template. GO:0061023 mRNA biosynthesis mRNA biosynthetic process mRNA synthesis cellular mRNA transcription biological_process GO:0009299 mRNA transcription GO:0009299 The cellular synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template. GOC:jl The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), any RNA that forms part of the ribosomal structure, from a DNA template. rRNA biosynthesis rRNA biosynthetic process rRNA synthesis biological_process GO:0009303 rRNA transcription GO:0009303 The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), any RNA that forms part of the ribosomal structure, from a DNA template. GOC:jl ISBN:0198506732 The synthesis of transfer RNA (tRNA) from a DNA template. tRNA biosynthesis tRNA biosynthetic process tRNA synthesis biological_process GO:0009304 tRNA transcription GO:0009304 The synthesis of transfer RNA (tRNA) from a DNA template. GOC:jl Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GO:0008151 GO:0050875 cell physiology cellular physiological process cell growth and/or maintenance biological_process GO:0009987 cellular process GO:0009987 Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. GOC:go_curators GOC:isa_complete The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Reactome:REACT_100537 Reactome:REACT_101147 Reactome:REACT_101952 Reactome:REACT_105649 Reactome:REACT_108313 Reactome:REACT_29068 Reactome:REACT_34240 Reactome:REACT_71 Reactome:REACT_78136 Reactome:REACT_78959 Reactome:REACT_79662 Reactome:REACT_85241 Reactome:REACT_85359 Reactome:REACT_86357 Reactome:REACT_89816 Reactome:REACT_91657 Reactome:REACT_91965 Reactome:REACT_93586 Reactome:REACT_93968 Reactome:REACT_94814 Reactome:REACT_98256 Wikipedia:Gene_expression biological_process GO:0010467 gene expression GO:0010467 The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GOC:dph GOC:tb Reactome:REACT_100537 Gene Expression, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_101147 Gene Expression, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_101952 Gene Expression, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_105649 Gene Expression, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_108313 Gene Expression, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_29068 Gene Expression, Escherichia coli Reactome:REACT_34240 Gene Expression, Staphylococcus aureus N315 Reactome:REACT_71 Gene Expression, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_78136 Gene Expression, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_78959 Gene Expression, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_79662 Gene Expression, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_85241 Gene Expression, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_85359 Gene Expression, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_86357 Gene Expression, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_89816 Gene Expression, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Reactome:REACT_91657 Gene Expression, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_91965 Gene Expression, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_93586 Gene Expression, Dictyostelium discoideum Reactome:REACT_93968 Gene Expression, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_94814 Gene Expression, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_98256 Gene Expression, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. Wikipedia:Regulation_of_gene_expression regulation of protein expression biological_process regulation of gene product expression GO:0010468 This class covers any process that regulates the rate of production of a mature gene product, and so includes processes that regulate that rate by regulating the level, stability or availability of intermediates in the process of gene expression. For example, it covers any process that regulates the level, stability or availabiliy of mRNA for translation and thereby regulates the rate of production of the encoded protein via translation. regulation of gene expression GO:0010468 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. GOC:dph GOC:tb regulation of protein expression GOC:curators regulation of gene product expression GOC:curators The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). 50S ribosomal large subunit cellular_component GO:0015934 large ribosomal subunit GO:0015934 The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). ISBN:0198506732 The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. 30S ribosomal small subunit cellular_component GO:0015935 small ribosomal subunit GO:0015935 The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome. GOC:mah The covalent alteration of an amino acid charged on a tRNA before it is incorporated into a protein, as in N-formylmethionine, selenocysteine or pyrrolysine. GO:0030630 charged tRNA amino acid modification charged tRNA modification pre-translational amino acid modification pre-translational protein modification pretranslation protein modification pretranslational amino acid modification biological_process charged-tRNA modification GO:0019988 charged-tRNA amino acid modification GO:0019988 The covalent alteration of an amino acid charged on a tRNA before it is incorporated into a protein, as in N-formylmethionine, selenocysteine or pyrrolysine. GOC:jsg The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure that results in the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. biological_process GO:0022417 protein maturation by protein folding GO:0022417 The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure that results in the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. GOC:isa_complete 16S rRNA processing Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule. SSU-rRNA maturation processing of 20S pre-rRNA biological_process GO:0030490 maturation of SSU-rRNA GO:0030490 Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule. GOC:curators SSU-rRNA maturation GOC:dph GOC:tb Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent, or location of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, termination regulation of termination of DNA-dependent transcription regulation of transcription termination, DNA-dependent biological_process transcription antiterminator activity GO:0031554 regulation of DNA-templated transcription, termination GO:0031554 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent, or location of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. GOC:mlg GOC:txnOH regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, termination GOC:txnOH regulation of termination of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 regulation of transcription termination, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 Regulation of transcription through variation in where transcription termination occurs. Wikipedia:Attenuator_(genetics) biological_process GO:0031555 transcriptional attenuation GO:0031555 Regulation of transcription through variation in where transcription termination occurs. GOC:dh GOC:mlg ISBN:0198542682 A type of transcriptional regulation at the level of early termination. This process can occur only in prokaryotes, where transcription of an operon into messenger RNA and translation of that mRNA into polypeptides occur simultaneously. The general principle is that alternative mRNA secondary structures occur under different physiological conditions such as available amount of a particular amino acid. One set of conditions favors early termination of transcription. In the classic example of the trp biosynthesis operon, translation of the gene for a short, trp-containing polypeptide called the trp operon leader peptide pauses either at a trp codon (if tryptophan is scarce) or the stop codon (if trp is readily available). In the former situation transcription continues, but in the latter a Rho-independent terminator forms and reduces, or attenuates, expression of the tryptophan biosynthesis genes. Although the polypeptides encoded by leader peptide genes appear not to be stable once their translation is complete, it is suggested by recent studies that their nascent polypeptide chains interact specifically with ribosomes, specific uncharged tRNAs, or other cellular components to inhibit release at the stop codon and improve the function of transcriptional attenuation as a regulatory switch. ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation biological_process GO:0031556 transcriptional attenuation by ribosome GO:0031556 A type of transcriptional regulation at the level of early termination. This process can occur only in prokaryotes, where transcription of an operon into messenger RNA and translation of that mRNA into polypeptides occur simultaneously. The general principle is that alternative mRNA secondary structures occur under different physiological conditions such as available amount of a particular amino acid. One set of conditions favors early termination of transcription. In the classic example of the trp biosynthesis operon, translation of the gene for a short, trp-containing polypeptide called the trp operon leader peptide pauses either at a trp codon (if tryptophan is scarce) or the stop codon (if trp is readily available). In the former situation transcription continues, but in the latter a Rho-independent terminator forms and reduces, or attenuates, expression of the tryptophan biosynthesis genes. Although the polypeptides encoded by leader peptide genes appear not to be stable once their translation is complete, it is suggested by recent studies that their nascent polypeptide chains interact specifically with ribosomes, specific uncharged tRNAs, or other cellular components to inhibit release at the stop codon and improve the function of transcriptional attenuation as a regulatory switch. GOC:dh GOC:mlg ISBN:0198542682 ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation GOC:dph GOC:tb Regulation of transcription by a mechanism that allows RNA polymerase to continue transcription beyond a termination site. transcriptional readthrough biological_process GO:0031564 transcription antitermination GO:0031564 Regulation of transcription by a mechanism that allows RNA polymerase to continue transcription beyond a termination site. ISBN:0198577788 PMID:12456320 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. regulation of RNA elongation regulation of transcriptional elongation regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation regulation of transcription elongation, DNA-dependent biological_process transcription elongation regulator activity GO:0032784 regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation GO:0032784 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. GOC:mah GOC:txnOH regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, elongation GOC:txnOH regulation of transcription elongation, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which the constituent parts function together. macromolecule complex cellular_component GO:0032991 macromolecular complex GO:0032991 A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which the constituent parts function together. GOC:mah A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. DNA-protein complex cellular_component GO:0032993 Note that this term is intended to classify complexes that have DNA as one of the members of the complex, that is, the complex does not exist if DNA is not present. Protein complexes that interact with DNA e.g. transcription factor complexes should not be classified here. protein-DNA complex GO:0032993 A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. GOC:mah DNA-protein complex GOC:mah Any process that results in the conversion of one or more primary non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts into one or more mature ncRNA molecules. biological_process GO:0034470 ncRNA processing GO:0034470 Any process that results in the conversion of one or more primary non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts into one or more mature ncRNA molecules. GOC:mah A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. GO:0007046 Wikipedia:Ribosome_biogenesis ribosome biogenesis and assembly biological_process ribosomal chaperone activity GO:0042254 ribosome biogenesis GO:0042254 A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. GOC:ma A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal large subunit biogenesis and assembly biological_process GO:0042273 ribosomal large subunit biogenesis GO:0042273 A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a large ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. GOC:jl A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. ribosomal small subunit biogenesis and assembly biological_process GO:0042274 ribosomal small subunit biogenesis GO:0042274 A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis. GOC:jl The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules. aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthetic process tRNA charging biological_process GO:0043039 (= esterification) tRNA aminoacylation GO:0043039 The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules. GOC:ma GOC:mah MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis GOC:mah aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthetic process GOC:mah Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase core enzyme, containing a specific subunit composition defined as the core enzyme. molecular_function GO:0043175 RNA polymerase core enzyme binding GO:0043175 Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase core enzyme, containing a specific subunit composition defined as the core enzyme. GOC:jl GOC:txnOH A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. Wikipedia:Protein_complex protein-protein complex cellular_component GO:0043234 A protein complex in this context is meant as a stable set of interacting proteins which can be co-purified by an acceptable method, and where the complex has been shown to exist as an isolated, functional unit in vivo. Acceptable experimental methods include stringent protein purification followed by detection of protein interaction. The following methods should be considered non-acceptable: simple immunoprecipitation, pull-down experiments from cell extracts without further purification, colocalization and 2-hybrid screening. Interactions that should not be captured as protein complexes include: 1) enzyme/substrate, receptor/ligand or any similar transient interactions, unless these are a critical part of the complex assembly or are required e.g. for the receptor to be functional; 2) proteins associated in a pull-down/co-immunoprecipitation assay with no functional link or any evidence that this is a defined biological entity rather than a loose-affinity complex; 3) any complex where the only evidence is based on genetic interaction data; 4) partial complexes, where some subunits (e.g. transmembrane ones) cannot be expressed as recombinant proteins and are excluded from experiments (in this case, independent evidence is necessary to find out the composition of the full complex, if known). Interactions that may be captured as protein complexes include: 1) enzyme/substrate or receptor/ligand if the complex can only assemble and become functional in the presence of both classes of subunits; 2) complexes where one of the members has not been shown to be physically linked to the other(s), but is a homologue of, and has the same functionality as, a protein that has been experimentally demonstrated to form a complex with the other member(s); 3) complexes whose existence is accepted based on localization and pharmacological studies, but for which experimental evidence is not yet available for the complex as a whole. protein complex GO:0043234 A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. GOC:go_curators http://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/complex/documentation/ Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from a DNA template as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). regulation of DNA-dependent transcription in response to stress biological_process GO:0043620 regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress GO:0043620 Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from a DNA template as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). GOC:jl GOC:txnOH regulation of DNA-dependent transcription in response to stress GOC:txnOH A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). jane 2009-10-22T02:38:55Z TITC translation initiation (ternary) complex cellular_component GO:0044207 translation initiation ternary complex GO:0044207 A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator). GOC:jl Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. janelomax 2011-12-15T04:47:59Z cellular_component GO:0044391 ribosomal subunit GO:0044391 Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit. GOC:jl Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. cellular_component GO:0044424 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. intracellular part GO:0044424 Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. GOC:jl Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. NIF_Subcellular:sao628508602 cellular subcomponent cellular_component protoplast GO:0044464 Note that this term is in the subset of terms that should not be used for direct gene product annotation. Instead, select a child term or, if no appropriate child term exists, please request a new term. Direct annotations to this term may be amended during annotation QC. cell part GO:0044464 Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. GOC:jl cellular subcomponent NIF_Subcellular:sao628508602 protoplast GOC:mah Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. down regulation of translational elongation down-regulation of translational elongation downregulation of translational elongation inhibition of translational elongation biological_process GO:0045900 negative regulation of translational elongation GO:0045900 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. GOC:go_curators Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. up regulation of translational elongation up-regulation of translational elongation upregulation of translational elongation activation of translational elongation stimulation of translational elongation biological_process GO:0045901 positive regulation of translational elongation GO:0045901 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation. GOC:go_curators Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. down regulation of translational initiation down-regulation of translational initiation downregulation of translational initiation inhibition of translational initiation biological_process GO:0045947 negative regulation of translational initiation GO:0045947 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. GOC:go_curators Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. up regulation of translational initiation up-regulation of translational initiation upregulation of translational initiation activation of translational initiation stimulation of translational initiation biological_process GO:0045948 positive regulation of translational initiation GO:0045948 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational initiation. GOC:go_curators The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent assembly of the ribosome-bound nascent chains of a multidomain protein whilst other parts of the protein are still being translated. GO:0006444 'de novo' co-translational protein folding multidomain protein assembly nascent polypeptide association biological_process GO:0051083 'de novo' cotranslational protein folding GO:0051083 The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent assembly of the ribosome-bound nascent chains of a multidomain protein whilst other parts of the protein are still being translated. GOC:rb The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent folding of newly formed polypeptides or folding intermediates of polypeptides that have exited the ribosome and/or have been stabilized and transferred by other chaperone proteins. This process could involve several cycles of ATP hydrolysis. Reactome:REACT_100416 Reactome:REACT_101817 Reactome:REACT_106260 Reactome:REACT_16952 Reactome:REACT_28876 Reactome:REACT_28983 Reactome:REACT_30135 Reactome:REACT_34382 Reactome:REACT_77664 Reactome:REACT_84791 Reactome:REACT_85464 Reactome:REACT_88302 Reactome:REACT_89117 Reactome:REACT_89746 Reactome:REACT_90293 Reactome:REACT_90475 Reactome:REACT_91665 Reactome:REACT_96282 'de novo' post-translational protein folding biological_process GO:0051084 'de novo' posttranslational protein folding GO:0051084 The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent folding of newly formed polypeptides or folding intermediates of polypeptides that have exited the ribosome and/or have been stabilized and transferred by other chaperone proteins. This process could involve several cycles of ATP hydrolysis. GOC:rb Reactome:REACT_100416 Protein folding, Arabidopsis thaliana Reactome:REACT_101817 Protein folding, Sus scrofa Reactome:REACT_106260 Protein folding, Mus musculus Reactome:REACT_16952 Protein folding, Homo sapiens Reactome:REACT_28876 Protein folding, Danio rerio Reactome:REACT_28983 Protein folding, Schizosaccharomyces pombe Reactome:REACT_30135 Protein folding, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reactome:REACT_34382 Protein folding, Oryza sativa Reactome:REACT_77664 Protein folding, Canis familiaris Reactome:REACT_84791 Protein folding, Xenopus tropicalis Reactome:REACT_85464 Protein folding, Drosophila melanogaster Reactome:REACT_88302 Protein folding, Bos taurus Reactome:REACT_89117 Protein folding, Gallus gallus Reactome:REACT_89746 Protein folding, Taeniopygia guttata Reactome:REACT_90293 Protein folding, Plasmodium falciparum Reactome:REACT_90475 Protein folding, Caenorhabditis elegans Reactome:REACT_91665 Protein folding, Rattus norvegicus Reactome:REACT_96282 Protein folding, Dictyostelium discoideum Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. biological_process GO:0051604 protein maturation GO:0051604 Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. GOC:ai Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. dph 2009-04-29T02:54:50Z positive regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, termination positive regulation of termination of DNA-dependent transcription positive regulation of transcription termination, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:0060566 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, termination GO:0060566 Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA. GOC:dph GOC:tb GOC:txnOH positive regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, termination GOC:txnOH positive regulation of termination of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 positive regulation of transcription termination, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 The process of inhibiting aggregation and assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure that is dependent on interaction with a chaperone. dph 2010-04-06T03:28:55Z biological_process GO:0061077 chaperone-mediated protein folding GO:0061077 The process of inhibiting aggregation and assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure that is dependent on interaction with a chaperone. GOC:dph GOC:vw Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. regulation biological_process GO:0065007 biological regulation GO:0065007 Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mah GOC:pr GOC:vw Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc. regulation of biological attribute regulation of biological characteristic biological_process GO:0065008 regulation of biological quality GO:0065008 Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc. GOC:dph GOC:isa_complete GOC:mah GOC:pr GOC:vw A tRNA aminoacylation process in which asparaginyl-tRNAAsn is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase generates the misacylated L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn by the heterotrimeric aspartyl-tRNAAsn amidotransferase. midori 2009-06-02T03:11:19Z MetaCyc:PWY490-4 biological_process GO:0070680 asparaginyl-tRNAAsn biosynthesis via transamidation GO:0070680 A tRNA aminoacylation process in which asparaginyl-tRNAAsn is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase generates the misacylated L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn by the heterotrimeric aspartyl-tRNAAsn amidotransferase. GOC:mah MetaCyc:PWY490-4 A tRNA aminoacylation process in which glutaminyl-tRNAGln is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating glutamyl-tRNAGlx synthetase generates the misacylated L-glutamyl-tRNAGln species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln by a glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase. midori 2009-06-02T03:15:57Z MetaCyc:PWY-5921 biological_process GO:0070681 glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation GO:0070681 A tRNA aminoacylation process in which glutaminyl-tRNAGln is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating glutamyl-tRNAGlx synthetase generates the misacylated L-glutamyl-tRNAGln species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln by a glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase. GOC:mah MetaCyc:PWY-5921 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription. midori 2009-09-01T04:33:47Z transcription PIC biosynthesis transcription PIC formation transcriptional preinitiation complex formation DNA-dependent transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly transcriptional PIC assembly, DNA-dependent transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:0070897 DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly GO:0070897 The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription. GOC:jp GOC:txnOH transcription PIC biosynthesis GOC:mah transcription PIC formation GOC:mah transcriptional preinitiation complex formation GOC:mah DNA-dependent transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly GOC:txnOH A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes. midori 2009-09-16T04:06:12Z biological_process GO:0070929 trans-translation GO:0070929 A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes. GOC:jh2 GOC:mah A protein modification process in which a polypeptide is added to a nascent polypeptide cotranslationally by trans-translation. midori 2009-09-16T04:10:49Z co-translational protein tagging cotranslational protein tagging protein modification by trans-translation biological_process GO:0070930 Note that this term is not a child of 'co-translational protein modification process ; GO:0043686' because co-translational protein modification implies modification of a previously incorporated amino acid in a nascent chain, rather than addition of new sequence to the C-terminus. trans-translation-dependent protein tagging GO:0070930 A protein modification process in which a polypeptide is added to a nascent polypeptide cotranslationally by trans-translation. GOC:jh2 GOC:jsg GOC:mah co-translational protein tagging GOC:jh2 GOC:jsg cotranslational protein tagging GOC:mah protein modification by trans-translation GOC:mah A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a ribosome, mRNA, and initiator tRNA; the functional ribosome is at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. midori 2009-10-30T01:23:52Z cellular_component GO:0070992 translation initiation complex GO:0070992 A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a ribosome, mRNA, and initiator tRNA; the functional ribosome is at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site. GOC:hjd GOC:mah translation preinitiation complex at AUG A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the small ribosomal subunit, a translation initiation ternary complex (i.e. an initiator tRNA, GTP, and an IF2 or eIF2 complex), and an mRNA. midori 2009-10-30T01:25:00Z cellular_component GO:0070993 translation preinitiation complex GO:0070993 A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the small ribosomal subunit, a translation initiation ternary complex (i.e. an initiator tRNA, GTP, and an IF2 or eIF2 complex), and an mRNA. GOC:hjd GOC:mah The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant RNAs. kchris 2009-07-28T03:10:28Z RNA quality control aberrant RNA catabolic process biological_process GO:0071025 RNA surveillance GO:0071025 The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant RNAs. GOC:dgf GOC:krc PMID:18644474 RNA quality control GOC:dgf GOC:krc aberrant RNA catabolic process GOC:dgf GOC:krc The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet). midori 2010-10-08T11:54:38Z R03940 biological_process GO:0071951 conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA GO:0071951 The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet). GOC:jsg PMID:5337045 A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex. midori 2010-11-10T11:54:26Z biological_process GO:0072344 rescue of stalled ribosome related process GO:0072344 A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex. GOC:jh2 GOC:mah PMID:18557701 PMID:19170872 PMID:20117091 PMID:20185543 Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. tanyaberardini 2009-09-11T10:32:17Z biological_process GO:0090069 regulation of ribosome biogenesis GO:0090069 Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. GOC:dph GOC:tb Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. tanyaberardini 2009-09-11T10:32:17Z biological_process GO:0090071 negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis GO:0090071 Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits. GOC:dph GOC:tb A protein-DNA-RNA complex composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript. paola 2013-10-18T11:29:57Z transcription protein-DNA-RNA complex cellular_component GO:0097523 transcription ternary complex GO:0097523 A protein-DNA-RNA complex composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript. GOC:cjm GOC:txnOH A protein-DNA complex composed of proteins binding promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription. paola 2014-01-22T09:33:44Z DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex transcription preinitiation complex transcriptional pre-initiation complex PIC preinitiation complex cellular_component GO:0097550 transcriptional preinitiation complex GO:0097550 A protein-DNA complex composed of proteins binding promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription. GOC:di PMID:22751016 Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation initiation ternary complex. ss 2012-07-25T02:27:21Z down regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex down regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly down-regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex down-regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly downregulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex downregulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly inhibition of translation initiation ternary complex assembly negative regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly inhibition of formation of translation initiation ternary complex biological_process GO:1901191 negative regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex GO:1901191 Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation initiation ternary complex. GOC:TermGenie down regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex GOC:TermGenie down regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly GOC:TermGenie down-regulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex GOC:TermGenie down-regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly GOC:TermGenie downregulation of formation of translation initiation ternary complex GOC:TermGenie downregulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly GOC:TermGenie inhibition of translation initiation ternary complex assembly GOC:TermGenie negative regulation of translation initiation ternary complex assembly GOC:TermGenie inhibition of formation of translation initiation ternary complex GOC:TermGenie Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation preinitiation complex. ss 2012-07-25T02:31:41Z down regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex down regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex down regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly down-regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex down-regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex down-regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly downregulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex downregulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex downregulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly inhibition of formation of translation pre-initiation complex inhibition of translation preinitiation complex assembly negative regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex negative regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly inhibition of formation of translation preinitiation complex biological_process GO:1901194 negative regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex GO:1901194 Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation preinitiation complex. GOC:TermGenie down regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex GOC:TermGenie down regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex GOC:TermGenie down regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly GOC:TermGenie down-regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex GOC:TermGenie down-regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex GOC:TermGenie down-regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly GOC:TermGenie downregulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex GOC:TermGenie downregulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex GOC:TermGenie downregulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly GOC:TermGenie inhibition of formation of translation pre-initiation complex GOC:TermGenie inhibition of translation preinitiation complex assembly GOC:TermGenie negative regulation of formation of translation pre-initiation complex GOC:TermGenie negative regulation of translation preinitiation complex assembly GOC:TermGenie inhibition of formation of translation preinitiation complex GOC:TermGenie The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase. bhm 2013-03-20T13:51:49Z cellular_component GO:1990061 bacterial degradosome GO:1990061 The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase. GOC:bhm PMID:21805185 A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules. pr 2015-11-19T12:26:37Z RNA-protein complex RNP protein-RNA complex ribonucleoprotein cellular_component GO:1990904 ribonucleoprotein complex GO:1990904 A macromolecular complex containing both protein and RNA molecules. GOC:vesicles Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process. tanyaberardini 2010-09-15T08:55:45Z regulation of cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process regulation of cellular macromolecule anabolism regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthesis regulation of cellular macromolecule formation regulation of cellular macromolecule synthesis biological_process GO:2000112 regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process GO:2000112 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process. GOC:obol regulation of cellular biopolymer biosynthetic process GOC:obol regulation of cellular macromolecule anabolism GOC:obol regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthesis GOC:obol regulation of cellular macromolecule formation GOC:obol regulation of cellular macromolecule synthesis GOC:obol Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. midori 2010-10-01T09:11:35Z regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:2000142 regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation GO:2000142 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. GOC:mah GOC:txnOH regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter GOC:obol regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation GOC:txnOH regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. midori 2010-10-01T09:11:40Z negative regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter negative regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation negative regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription negative regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent biological_process GO:2000143 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation GO:2000143 Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. GOC:mah GOC:txnOH negative regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter GOC:obol negative regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation GOC:txnOH negative regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 negative regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. midori 2010-10-01T09:11:43Z positive regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter positive regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation positive regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription positive regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent biological_process transactivation transcriptional transactivation GO:2000144 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation GO:2000144 Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated transcription initiation. GOC:mah GOC:txnOH positive regulation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex assembly at promoter GOC:obol positive regulation of DNA-dependent transcription, initiation GOC:txnOH positive regulation of initiation of DNA-dependent transcription GOC:jh2 positive regulation of transcription initiation, DNA-dependent GOC:jh2 transactivation PMID:11158542 transcriptional transactivation PMID:11580863 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tRNA processing. midori 2010-11-10T12:15:08Z regulation of tRNA maturation biological_process GO:2000235 regulation of tRNA processing GO:2000235 Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tRNA processing. GOC:mah regulation of tRNA maturation GOC:obol A sequence_feature with an extent greater than zero. A nucleotide region is composed of bases and a polypeptide region is composed of amino acids. sequence sequence SO:0000001 region SO:0000001 A sequence_feature with an extent greater than zero. A nucleotide region is composed of bases and a polypeptide region is composed of amino acids. SO:ke A regulatory element of an operon to which activators or repressors bind thereby effecting translation of genes in that operon. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_(biology)#Operator operator segment sequence SO:0000057 operator SO:0000057 A regulatory element of an operon to which activators or repressors bind thereby effecting translation of genes in that operon. SO:ma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator_(biology)#Operator wiki Any extent of continuous biological sequence. located_sequence_feature sequence feature sequence located sequence feature SO:0000110 sequence_feature SO:0000110 Any extent of continuous biological sequence. LAMHDI:mb SO:ke Region in mRNA where ribosome assembles. ribosome entry site sequence SO:0000139 ribosome_entry_site SO:0000139 Region in mRNA where ribosome assembles. SO:ke A sequence segment located within the five prime end of an mRNA that causes premature termination of translation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuator attenuator sequence sequence SO:0000140 attenuator SO:0000140 A sequence segment located within the five prime end of an mRNA that causes premature termination of translation. SO:as http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuator wiki The sequence of DNA located either at the end of the transcript that causes RNA polymerase to terminate transcription. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(genetics) terminator sequence sequence SO:0000141 terminator SO:0000141 The sequence of DNA located either at the end of the transcript that causes RNA polymerase to terminate transcription. http://www.ebi.ac.uk/embl/Documentation/FT_definitions/feature_table.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminator_(genetics) wiki A regulatory_region composed of the TSS(s) and binding sites for TF_complexes of the basal transcription machinery. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promoter promoter sequence sequence SO:0000167 This term is mapped to MGED. Do not obsolete without consulting MGED ontology. The region on a DNA molecule involved in RNA polymerase binding to initiate transcription. promoter SO:0000167 A regulatory_region composed of the TSS(s) and binding sites for TF_complexes of the basal transcription machinery. SO:regcreative http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promoter wiki A region of the gene which is not transcribed. non transcribed region non-transcribed sequence nontranscribed region nontranscribed sequence sequence SO:0000183 non_transcribed_region SO:0000183 A region of the gene which is not transcribed. SO:ke A region of a nucleotide molecule that binds a Transcription Factor or Transcription Factor complex [GO:0005667]. TF binding site transcription factor binding site sequence SO:0000235 TF_binding_site SO:0000235 A region of a nucleotide molecule that binds a Transcription Factor or Transcription Factor complex [GO:0005667]. SO:ke The first base where RNA polymerase begins to synthesize the RNA transcript. transcription start site transcription_start_site sequence SO:0000315 TSS SO:0000315 The first base where RNA polymerase begins to synthesize the RNA transcript. SO:ke A contiguous sequence which begins with, and includes, a start codon and ends with, and includes, a stop codon. coding sequence coding_sequence sequence SO:0000316 CDS SO:0000316 A contiguous sequence which begins with, and includes, a start codon and ends with, and includes, a stop codon. SO:ma First codon to be translated by a ribosome. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start_codon initiation codon start codon sequence SO:0000318 start_codon SO:0000318 First codon to be translated by a ribosome. SO:ke http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start_codon wiki In mRNA, a set of three nucleotides that indicates the end of information for protein synthesis. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_codon stop codon sequence SO:0000319 stop_codon SO:0000319 In mRNA, a set of three nucleotides that indicates the end of information for protein synthesis. SO:ke http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_codon wiki The first base to be translated into protein. coding start translation initiation site sequence translation start SO:0000323 coding_start SO:0000323 The first base to be translated into protein. SO:ke The last base to be translated into protein. It does not include the stop codon. coding end translation termination site translation_end sequence SO:0000327 coding_end SO:0000327 The last base to be translated into protein. It does not include the stop codon. SO:ke A set of (usually) three nucleotide bases in a DNA or RNA sequence, which together code for a unique amino acid or the termination of translation and are contained within the CDS. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codon sequence SO:0000360 codon SO:0000360 A set of (usually) three nucleotide bases in a DNA or RNA sequence, which together code for a unique amino acid or the termination of translation and are contained within the CDS. SO:ke http://www.everythingbio.com/glos/definition.php?word=codon http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codon wiki A region in the 5' UTR that pairs with the 16S rRNA during formation of the preinitiation complex. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shine-Dalgarno_sequence Shine Dalgarno sequence Shine-Dalgarno sequence five prime ribosome binding site sequence RBS SO:0000552 Not found in Eukaryotic sequence. Shine_Dalgarno_sequence SO:0000552 A region in the 5' UTR that pairs with the 16S rRNA during formation of the preinitiation complex. SO:jh http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shine-Dalgarno_sequence wiki A DNA sequence to which bacterial RNA polymerase binds, to begin transcription. bacterial RNApol promoter sequence SO:0000613 bacterial_RNApol_promoter SO:0000613 A DNA sequence to which bacterial RNA polymerase binds, to begin transcription. SO:ke A terminator signal for bacterial transcription. bacterial terminator sequence SO:0000614 bacterial_terminator SO:0000614 A terminator signal for bacterial transcription. SO:ke The base where transcription ends. transcription end site sequence SO:0000616 transcription_end_site SO:0000616 The base where transcription ends. SO:ke A gene that encodes a polycistronic transcript. gene with polycistronic transcript sequence SO:0000690 gene_with_polycistronic_transcript SO:0000690 A gene that encodes a polycistronic transcript. SO:xp A region (or regions) that includes all of the sequence elements necessary to encode a functional transcript. A gene may include regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene sequence SO:0000704 This term is mapped to MGED. Do not obsolete without consulting MGED ontology. A gene may be considered as a unit of inheritance. gene SO:0000704 A region (or regions) that includes all of the sequence elements necessary to encode a functional transcript. A gene may include regulatory regions, transcribed regions and/or other functional sequence regions. SO:immuno_workshop http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene wiki gene group regulatory region sequence SO:0000752 gene_group_regulatory_region SO:0000752 The region of a two-piece tmRNA that bears the reading frame encoding the proteolysis tag. The tmRNA gene undergoes circular permutation in some groups of bacteria. Processing of the transcripts from such a gene leaves the mature tmRNA in two pieces, base-paired together. tmRNA coding piece sequence SO:0000769 Added in response to comment from Kelly Williams from Indiana. Nov 2005. tmRNA_coding_piece SO:0000769 The region of a two-piece tmRNA that bears the reading frame encoding the proteolysis tag. The tmRNA gene undergoes circular permutation in some groups of bacteria. Processing of the transcripts from such a gene leaves the mature tmRNA in two pieces, base-paired together. Indiana:kw doi:10.1093/nar/gkh795 issn:1362-4962 The acceptor region of a two-piece tmRNA that when mature is charged at its 3' end with alanine. The tmRNA gene undergoes circular permutation in some groups of bacteria; processing of the transcripts from such a gene leaves the mature tmRNA in two pieces, base-paired together. tmRNA acceptor piece sequence SO:0000770 Added in response to Kelly Williams from Indiana. Date: Nov 2005. tmRNA_acceptor_piece SO:0000770 The acceptor region of a two-piece tmRNA that when mature is charged at its 3' end with alanine. The tmRNA gene undergoes circular permutation in some groups of bacteria; processing of the transcripts from such a gene leaves the mature tmRNA in two pieces, base-paired together. Indiana:kw doi:10.1093/nar/gkh795 A region of a gene. gene member region sequence SO:0000831 A manufactured term used to allow the parts of a gene to have an is_a path to the root. gene_member_region SO:0000831 A region of a gene. SO:ke A region of a transcript. transcript region sequence SO:0000833 This term was added to provide a grouping term for the region parts of transcript, thus giving them an is_a path back to the root. transcript_region SO:0000833 A region of a transcript. SO:ke A region of a mature transcript. mature transcript region sequence SO:0000834 A manufactured term to collect together the parts of a mature transcript and give them an is_a path to the root. mature_transcript_region SO:0000834 A region of a mature transcript. SO:ke A part of a primary transcript. primary transcript region sequence SO:0000835 This term was added to provide a grouping term for the region parts of primary_transcript, thus giving them an is_a path back to the root. primary_transcript_region SO:0000835 A part of a primary transcript. SO:ke A region of an mRNA. mRNA region sequence SO:0000836 This term was added to provide a grouping term for the region parts of mRNA, thus giving them an is_a path back to the root. mRNA_region SO:0000836 A region of an mRNA. SO:cb A region of a tmRNA. tmRNA region sequence SO:0000847 This term was added to provide a grouping term for the region parts of tmRNA, thus giving them an is_a path back to the root. tmRNA_region SO:0000847 A region of a tmRNA. SO:cb A region of a CDS. CDS region sequence SO:0000851 CDS_region SO:0000851 A region of a CDS. SO:cb rho dependent bacterial terminator sequence SO:0000981 rho_dependent_bacterial_terminator SO:0000981 rho independent bacterial terminator sequence SO:0000982 rho_independent_bacterial_terminator SO:0000982 A regulatory_region that modulates the transcription of a gene or genes. transcription-control region transcriptional cis regulatory region sequence SO:0001055 transcriptional_cis_regulatory_region SO:0001055 A regulatory_region that modulates the transcription of a gene or genes. PMID:9679020 SO:regcreative A region of a tRNA. tRNA region sequence SO:0001172 tRNA_region SO:0001172 A region of a tRNA. RSC:cb A sequence of three nucleotide bases in tRNA which recognizes a codon in mRNA. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticodon anti-codon sequence SO:0001174 anticodon SO:0001174 A sequence of three nucleotide bases in tRNA which recognizes a codon in mRNA. RSC:cb http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticodon wiki Base sequence at the 3' end of a tRNA. The 3'-hydroxyl group on the terminal adenosine is the attachment point for the amino acid. CCA sequence CCA tail sequence SO:0001175 CCA_tail SO:0001175 Base sequence at the 3' end of a tRNA. The 3'-hydroxyl group on the terminal adenosine is the attachment point for the amino acid. ISBN:0716719207 A region (DNA) to which RNA polymerase binds, to begin transcription. RNA polymerase promoter sequence SO:0001203 RNA_polymerase_promoter SO:0001203 A region (DNA) to which RNA polymerase binds, to begin transcription. xenbase:jb protein coding gene sequence SO:0001217 protein_coding_gene SO:0001217 ncRNA gen ncRNA gene sequence non-coding RNA gene SO:0001263 ncRNA_gene SO:0001263 tmRNA gene sequence SO:0001271 tmRNA_gene SO:0001271 tRNA gene sequence SO:0001272 tRNA_gene SO:0001272 A region defined by its disposition to be involved in a biological process. biological region sequence SO:0001411 biological_region SO:0001411 A region defined by its disposition to be involved in a biological process. SO:cb A gene that encodes for ribosomal RNA. kareneilbeck 2010-04-21T10:10:32Z rDNA rRNA gene sequence SO:0001637 rRNA_gene SO:0001637 A gene that encodes for ribosomal RNA. SO:ke A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of transcription. kareneilbeck 2010-10-12T03:49:35Z transcription regulatory region sequence SO:0001679 transcription_regulatory_region SO:0001679 A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of transcription. SO:ke A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of translation. kareneilbeck 2010-10-12T03:52:45Z translation regulatory region sequence SO:0001680 translation_regulatory_region SO:0001680 A regulatory region that is involved in the control of the process of translation. SO:ke Transcription pause sites are regions of a gene where RNA polymerase may pause during transcription. The functional role of pausing may be to facilitate factor recruitment, RNA folding, and synchronization with translation. Consensus transcription pause site have been observed in E. coli. kareneilbeck 2015-02-09T15:32:52Z transcription pause site sequence SO:0002047 transcription_pause_site SO:0002047 Transcription pause sites are regions of a gene where RNA polymerase may pause during transcription. The functional role of pausing may be to facilitate factor recruitment, RNA folding, and synchronization with translation. Consensus transcription pause site have been observed in E. coli. PMID:24789973 SO:ke A promoter that allows for continual transcription of gene. kareneilbeck 2015-05-14T10:39:09Z constitutive promoter sequence SO:0002050 constitutive_promoter SO:0002050 A promoter that allows for continual transcription of gene. SO:ke A promoter whereby activity is induced by the presence or absence of biotic or abiotic factors. kareneilbeck 2015-05-14T10:39:56Z inducible promoter sequence SO:0002051 inducible_promoter SO:0002051 A promoter whereby activity is induced by the presence or absence of biotic or abiotic factors. SO:ke A region of sequence that is involved in the control of a biological process. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_region regulatory region sequence SO:0005836 regulatory_region SO:0005836 A region of sequence that is involved in the control of a biological process. SO:ke http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_region wiki BiPON:BiPON_00000029 decrease of a reactant pool BiPON:BiPON_00000030 modelBiPON entity BiPON:BiPON_00000031 polymer unit collection BiPON:BiPON_00000033 natif polymer production process BiPON:BiPON_00000035 tRNA transcript precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000037 intitiator alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000040 small molecule BiPON:BiPON_00000046 T BiPON:BiPON_00000051 elongator alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000054 pre-process polypeptide BiPON:BiPON_00000060 Charged tRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000061 DNA template base BiPON:BiPON_00000062 open PIC open-transcriptional preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000063 transcription bubble that is ready to recrute a NTP transcription bubble (ableToLoad) BiPON:BiPON_00000064 RNA-template base BiPON:BiPON_00000076 bioBiPON entity BiPON:BiPON_00000092 intermediate alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000109 elongator transfer RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000131 coding codon BiPON:BiPON_00000133 initiator transfer RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000137 simple macromolecule BiPON:BiPON_00000142 large subunit 32S intermediate assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000143 large subunit 50S assembly completion BiPON:BiPON_00000144 large subunit p3-50S assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000145 ribosomal large subunit assembly related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000147 small subunit 21S intermediate assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000148 small subunit P2-30S assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000149 ribosomal small subunit assembly related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000151 GO:0034611 oligoribonuclease oligoribonucleotidase BiPON:BiPON_00000152 NMP collection nucleoside monophosphate collection BiPON:BiPON_00000153 rRNA processing related process BiPON:BiPON_00000154 GO:0000459 exonucleolitytic trimming involved in 23S rRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000157 endonuclease involved in RNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000158 pre-rRNA polycistronic-rRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000159 pre-tRNA tRNA preprocessed monocistronic tRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000160 16S/17S rRNA precursor 16S rRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000161 5S rRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000162 23S rRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000164 GO:0000459 exonucleolitytic trimming involved in 5S rRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000166 transcriptional preinitiation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000167 RNA polymerase subunit, bacteria RNAP subunit bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme subunit BiPON:BiPON_00000168 RNA polymerase, bacteria bacterial-type RNA polymerase M00183 bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme BiPON:BiPON_00000169 K03040 EC:2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha BiPON:BiPON_00000170 K03060 EC:2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega BiPON:BiPON_00000171 K03043 EC:2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta BiPON:BiPON_00000172 K03048 EC:2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit delta BiPON:BiPON_00000173 K03046 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta' EC:2.7.7.6 DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit betap BiPON:BiPON_00000175 transcription initiation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000176 first ribonucleotide loading BiPON:BiPON_00000177 TSS clearance BiPON:BiPON_00000178 bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter leave BiPON:BiPON_00000179 GO:0004654 first ribonucleotide addition BiPON:BiPON_00000181 promoter clearance during transcription related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000183 close PIC close-transcriptional preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000185 DNA unwinding involved in transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000186 transcription related process BiPON:BiPON_00000189 IF2 GTP addition IF2 activation BiPON:BiPON_00000190 activation of fMet-tRNA(fMet) initiator tRNA recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00000191 translation initiation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000193 tRNA processing related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000194 formation of 30S-mRNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00000195 TpIC assembly translation preinitiation complex formation translation preinitiation complex assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000198 IF3 release, TIC formation BiPON:BiPON_00000199 IF2 release, TIC formation BiPON:BiPON_00000200 50S subunit joining BiPON:BiPON_00000201 IF1 release, TIC formation BiPON:BiPON_00000203 rRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000204 housekeeping transcription initiation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter BiPON:BiPON_00000205 ncRNA sequence transcription, elongation BiPON:BiPON_00000207 transcription initiation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000209 RNA processing related process BiPON:BiPON_00000211 RNA catabolic related process BiPON:BiPON_00000214 translational preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00000215 elongation launching BiPON:BiPON_00000217 addition of a amino acid residue BiPON:BiPON_00000219 translation elongation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000220 formation of translation termination comples class I release of polypeptide chain BiPON:BiPON_00000221 translational termination complex dissociation BiPON:BiPON_00000223 translation termination related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000224 translation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000225 K01872 AARS EC:6.1.1.7 alanyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000227 K01887 RARS EC:6.1.1.19 arginyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000230 K01893 NARS EC:6.1.1.22 asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000231 K01876 DARS EC:6.1.1.12 aspartyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000234 K01883 CARS EC:6.1.1.16 cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000236 K01885 EARS EC:6.1.1.17 glutamyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000238 K01886 QARS EC:6.1.1.18 glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000239 K14164 EC:6.1.1.14 glycyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000241 K01892 HARS EC:6.1.1.21 histidyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000243 K01870 IARS EC:6.1.1.5 isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000246 K01869 LARS EC:6.1.1.4 leucyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000248 EC:6.1.1.6 lysyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000250 K01874 MARS EC:6.1.1.10 methionyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000251 EC:6.1.1.20 phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000254 K01881 PARS EC:6.1.1.15 prolyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000256 K01875 SARS EC:6.1.1.11 seryl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000257 K01868 TARS EC:6.1.1.3 threonyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000260 K01867 WARS EC:6.1.1.2 tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000262 K01866 YARS EC:6.1.1.1 tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000264 K01873 VARS EC:6.1.1.9 valyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000265 translation elongation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000266 translation termination related process BiPON:BiPON_00000268 cleavage involved in tRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000270 gene expression related process BiPON:BiPON_00000274 GO:0000459 exonucleolitytic trimming involved in 16S rRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000276 transcription termination DNA-templated related process BiPON:BiPON_00000277 transcriptional attenuation aggregated related process BiPON:BiPON_00000278 transcription elongation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000280 regulation of ribosome disponibility related process BiPON:BiPON_00000282 ribosome biogenesis related process BiPON:BiPON_00000285 initiation ternary formation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00000287 CTP:tRNA cytidylyltransferase 2.7.7.72 tRNA cytidylyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000288 tRNA processing related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000290 ATP:tRNA adenylyltransferase 2.7.7.72 tRNA adenylyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000293 R03647 non-dicriminative-L-Aspartate:tRNAAsn ligase (AMP-forming) non-dicriminative-L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asn) ligation BiPON:BiPON_00000294 R04212 Asp-tRNA(Asn):L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming) Asp-tRNA(Asn):L-glutamine amido-ligation BiPON:BiPON_00000296 R03651 L-Glutamate:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming) non-discriminative L-Glutamate:tRNA(Gln) ligation BiPON:BiPON_00000297 R03905 Glu-tRNA(Gln):L-glutamine amido-ligase(ADP-forming) Glu-tRNA(Gln):L-glutamine amido-ligation BiPON:BiPON_00000298 trans-translation initiation BiPON:BiPON_00000299 trans-translational termination BiPON:BiPON_00000300 trans-translation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000301 trans-translation initiation accomodation BiPON:BiPON_00000302 tmRNA resume site clearance BiPON:BiPON_00000303 EF-G-GTP binding, trans-translational initiation BiPON:BiPON_00000304 GTP hydrolyse, trans-translational resume BiPON:BiPON_00000306 trans-translation initiation related agregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000308 translation preinitiation related mRNA-rRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000311 premature RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000313 EC 2.1.2.9 methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000314 gene_member_region_unit transcription template sequence unit BiPON:BiPON_00000315 transcription related protein-DNA-RNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00000317 transcription initiation related protein DNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00000318 active promoter BiPON:BiPON_00000320 transcription initiation related process BiPON:BiPON_00000322 attenuator coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000323 DNA templated primary transcript BiPON:BiPON_00000324 TIR translation intiation region BiPON:BiPON_00000325 canonical_gene_region BiPON:BiPON_00000326 Natif polymere BiPON:BiPON_00000331 mRNA_region_unit BiPON:BiPON_00000333 6S RNA bacterial_RNApol_promoter_like BiPON:BiPON_00000335 pre-mRNA mRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000336 premature RNA with RBS NO-stop premature RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000348 gene_with_monocistronic_transcript BiPON:BiPON_00000349 in_transcription_trancript_region BiPON:BiPON_00000352 chromosome active promoter BiPON:BiPON_00000354 inactive promoter BiPON:BiPON_00000355 RNA transcript coding region BiPON:BiPON_00000356 30S-IF3 complex BiPON:BiPON_00000358 30S preinitiation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00000359 30S-IF3-IF1 complex BiPON:BiPON_00000361 Class I translation release factor BiPON:BiPON_00000362 GO:0003747 translation release factor BiPON:BiPON_00000365 translation unit BiPON:BiPON_00000367 K02356 EF-P elongation factor P BiPON:BiPON_00000370 translation elongation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000371 EF-Ts-GDP BiPON:BiPON_00000373 activated/unactivated/deactivated factor translation factor BiPON:BiPON_00000374 EF-Ts-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00000376 EF-Ts GTP addition EF-Ts activation BiPON:BiPON_00000378 K02357 EF-Ts elongation factor Ts BiPON:BiPON_00000379 EF-TU managment process BiPON:BiPON_00000380 EF-Ts EF-TU GTP transfer BiPON:BiPON_00000382 inactive EF-Tu EF-TU-GDP BiPON:BiPON_00000383 active EF-Tu EF-TU-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00000384 unactive EF-G EF-G-GDP BiPON:BiPON_00000386 uncharged pre-translocation complex uncharged preaccomodation-translation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000388 translation complex that recruted an elongatory ternary complex ready for accomation. pre-translocation unit translation complex (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00000390 Reactant is a global abstract interface. All entities that can participate in a reaction must inherit from it. Reactant BiPON:BiPON_00000392 FreeChemical represents a pool of interchangeable molecules distributed uniformly in the cell. Computationnally, only the number of molecules in the pool is relevant. FreeChemical BiPON:BiPON_00000393 ending position BiPON:BiPON_00000394 sequence value BiPON:BiPON_00000395 starting position BiPON:BiPON_00000397 Sequence of polymer that presents biological property affecting molecules bound on it. Motif entity BiPON:BiPON_00000398 chemical reaction chemical process BiPON:BiPON_00000399 It defines all standard chemical entities. Chemical represents a pool of a given chemical species, meaning that one can add/remove a given quantity of it, and access its current number at any time. Chemical BiPON:BiPON_00000400 chemical reaction rate law BiPON:BiPON_00000402 sequence dependent process BiPON:BiPON_00000403 release process BiPON:BiPON_00000404 release rate law BiPON:BiPON_00000405 sequence binding process BiPON:BiPON_00000406 BoundChemical represents molecules of the same chemical species, but there are specifities for each unit they are binding to. BoundChemical BiPON:BiPON_00000407 sequence binding rate law BiPON:BiPON_00000410 loading process BiPON:BiPON_00000411 A BoundChemical, that is able to read templates on the sequence and load elements matching the sequence. Loader BiPON:BiPON_00000412 A FreeChemical, that is able to complex with loader. Generaly, an element to load belongs to a type of molecule that differs by their their template motif. ElementToLoad BiPON:BiPON_00000413 loading rate law BiPON:BiPON_00000415 translocation process BiPON:BiPON_00000416 clearance BiPON:BiPON_00000417 crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000418 translocation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00000420 activated/unactivated/deactivated protein BiPON:BiPON_00000421 RNA-RNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00000422 translation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000423 transcription related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000424 translation regulation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000425 translation initiation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000426 translation elongation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000427 translation termination related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000428 transcription regulation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000429 transcription initiation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000430 transcription elongation related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000431 transcription termination related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000432 tRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000433 mRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000434 A complex composed of template mRNA, ribosome, and peptide in translation. translation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000435 mRNA-rRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000436 peptide leader RNA sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000437 transcription bubble on CDS (ableToLoad) BiPON:BiPON_00000438 Ala-tRNA(Ala) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000439 complex of any aa-tRNA(AA) associated to EF-TU-GTP translation elongation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000440 Asp-tRNA(Asp) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000441 Cys-tRNA(Cys) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000442 state of ribosome during translation elongation. At this step, ribosome (and implicitely the related translation elongatory machineri) has left the initial template codon but is not yet on the next one, that could lead to any constitutive or regulatory mecanisme support by the propriety of the futur template. ribosome in translocation transition BiPON:BiPON_00000443 degradosome subunit BiPON:BiPON_00000444 SUREMENT UN CHEBI OU KEGG enzyme BiPON:BiPON_00000445 enhancer region BiPON:BiPON_00000447 silencer region BiPON:BiPON_00000449 operator regulation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000450 operator-silencer complex BiPON:BiPON_00000452 operator-enhancer complex BiPON:BiPON_00000457 unregulated RNA transcript coding region BiPON:BiPON_00000460 translation factor activation management process BiPON:BiPON_00000461 polymer production preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00000464 Same set of NTP than in 'NTP collection' except that the sequence unit involved in the process where they participate does not fit their template. misNTP collection mis-nucleoside triphosphate collection BiPON:BiPON_00000468 RNA haipin unfolding by starved stalled ribosome BiPON:BiPON_00000470 hairpined peptide leader sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000471 unfolded peptide leader sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000475 transcript_region_unit BiPON:BiPON_00000476 A BiPON:BiPON_00000477 U BiPON:BiPON_00000478 G BiPON:BiPON_00000479 C BiPON:BiPON_00000480 transcription translocation process BiPON:BiPON_00000481 transcriptional preinitiation abortive complex BiPON:BiPON_00000482 promoter bound transcriptional preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000483 abortive RNA coding sequence abortive sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000484 translation elongation ternary related complex BiPON:BiPON_00000485 A contiguous sequence which begins with, and excludes, a start codon and ends with, and excludes, a stop codon. mRNA_coding_piece CDS_coding_region BiPON:BiPON_00000487 tmRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00000491 RNA templated primary_transcript BiPON:BiPON_00000495 non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000499 stalled transcription bubble release (peptide leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000501 stalled transcription bubble (peptide leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000502 peptide leader coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000503 premature RNA non-coding RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000504 stalled transcription bubble release BiPON:BiPON_00000505 peptide leader BiPON:BiPON_00000507 premature released peptide BiPON:BiPON_00000508 Solving of trancription attenuation by starvation of ribosome during peptide leader translation. and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') transcription attenuation antitermination (peptide leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000509 transcription bubble non-protein coding (ableToLoad) BiPON:BiPON_00000511 Solving of attenuation by en antitermination process. Solving of trancription attenuation by regulation of DNA-templated transcription attenuation attenuation antitermination BiPON:BiPON_00000514 peptide leader attenuation crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000515 state of transcription bubble during transcription elongation. At this step, transcription bubble has left the initial template base but is not yet on the next one, that could lead to any constitutive or regulatory mecanisme support by the propriety of the futur template. transcription bubble (in translocation transition) BiPON:BiPON_00000517 attenuation DNA template strand crawling, mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000518 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') template strand crawling non-protein coding unit RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000520 non protein coding unit template strand crawling for RNA transcription (pre-RBS for mRNA transcription) 'toRead' base crawling for RNA transcription template strand crawling RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000528 RbgA inactivation BiPON:BiPON_00000529 RbgA YlqF EC:3.6.1.- ribosome biogenesis GTPase A BiPON:BiPON_00000530 RbgA-ppGpp BiPON:BiPON_00000533 activated/unactivated/deactivated factor BiPON:BiPON_00000534 transcription preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00000535 translation preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00000536 RNA active promoter-like BiPON:BiPON_00000537 RNA unit transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00000539 transcription elongation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00000541 pRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000543 pRNA transcription initiation BiPON:BiPON_00000545 Regulation of transcription by 6S RNA related process BiPON:BiPON_00000546 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') pRNA transcription scrunching BiPON:BiPON_00000549 pre-transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00000550 Regulation of transcription by 6S RNA elementary related process BiPON:BiPON_00000551 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged coding codon') ToRead codon crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000552 and (has_input exactly 1 'engaged coding codon') codon clearance BiPON:BiPON_00000553 formation of translation elongation ternary complex aminoacyl tRNA activation BiPON:BiPON_00000554 peptide-bond formation transpeptidation peptide polymerisation processing, translation elongation BiPON:BiPON_00000555 70S A-site tRNA recruitment aa-tRNA loading BiPON:BiPON_00000557 formation of trans-translation quaternary complex relatted process BiPON:BiPON_00000558 trans-translation initiation related atomic process BiPON:BiPON_00000559 tmRNA_resume_piece BiPON:BiPON_00000560 30S-RNA termination complex BiPON:BiPON_00000561 CGA BiPON:BiPON_00000563 coding codon Arg BiPON:BiPON_00000564 alternative bacterial-type RNA polymerase and promoter sequence binding BiPON:BiPON_00000565 complex of bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme and alternatif sigma factor (e.g. sigma B for Bacillus subtilis) bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme alternative BiPON:BiPON_00000569 rRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000572 launched transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00000573 promoter clearance during transcription related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000574 tmRNA with a 3p CC end BiPON:BiPON_00000576 tmRNA transcript precursor BiPON:BiPON_00000579 K02838 RRF ribosome recycling factor BiPON:BiPON_00000581 K02835 RF1 peptide chain release factor 1 BiPON:BiPON_00000582 K02837 Class II translation release factor RF3 peptide chain release factor 3 BiPON:BiPON_00000583 GAA BiPON:BiPON_00000585 coding codon Glu BiPON:BiPON_00000587 ATP tmRNA adenylyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000589 tmRNA processing related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000590 transcription bubble (mis-added) BiPON:BiPON_00000593 coding codon Pro BiPON:BiPON_00000594 coding codon template BiPON:BiPON_00000595 GAG BiPON:BiPON_00000597 trans-translation termination related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000598 trans-translation termination related process BiPON:BiPON_00000600 K01894 Ligases forming aminoacyl-tRNA EC:6.1.1. ... Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases BiPON:BiPON_00000602 1bp back-crawling of the RNA polymerase during transcription. This process induces the exit of the RNA 3' end from the secondary channel of RNA polymerase. slight backtracking BiPON:BiPON_00000603 stalled transcription bubble (mis-incorporation) BiPON:BiPON_00000604 transcription bubble (1 bp backtracked) BiPON:BiPON_00000606 Any process (at different level of granularity) involved in maintenance of transcriptional fidelity. maintenance of transcriptional fidelity related process BiPON:BiPON_00000608 stalled transcription bubble release (rRNA-like leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000609 stalled transcription bubble (rRNA like leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000610 ribosomal RNA like leader coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000613 P1-30S intermediate ribosome small subunit 21S preribosome small subunit 21S BiPON:BiPON_00000614 in vivo small subunit ribosomal second bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000615 K02967 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS2 BiPON:BiPON_00000616 K02992 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS7 BiPON:BiPON_00000617 K02950 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS12 BiPON:BiPON_00000618 K02996 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS9 BiPON:BiPON_00000619 K02963 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS18 BiPON:BiPON_00000620 K02948 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS11 BiPON:BiPON_00000621 K02990 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS6 BiPON:BiPON_00000622 K02965 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS19 BiPON:BiPON_00000623 K02946 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS10 BiPON:BiPON_00000624 K02954 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS14 BiPON:BiPON_00000625 K02982 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS3 BiPON:BiPON_00000627 ribosomal small subunit assembly related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000628 translation_regulatory_region_coding_sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000630 Asn-tRNA(Asn) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000631 AAC BiPON:BiPON_00000632 AAU BiPON:BiPON_00000633 Met-tRNA(Met) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000634 AUG BiPON:BiPON_00000635 small subunit ribosomal ternary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000636 small subunit ribosomal protein BiPON:BiPON_00000637 ppGpp metabolism related process BiPON:BiPON_00000638 GTP hydrolyse, translational translocation BiPON:BiPON_00000639 translation complex with elongated-naissant polypeptide ready for GTP hydrolysis. activated translocational unit activatable translation translocation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000640 translation complex with elongated-naissant polypeptide before translocation. moveable translocation complex active translation translocation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000645 tRNA release, translational termination BiPON:BiPON_00000646 30S-IF3 release, translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00000647 50S release, translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00000648 RFF binding BiPON:BiPON_00000650 transcription bubble just after NTP recruitment and before the addition of the NTP to the RNA polymer transcription bubble non-protein coding (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00000652 Transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00000653 coding codon Lys BiPON:BiPON_00000654 monocystronic mRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000655 mRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000657 Translational proofreading that occurs if ribosomal before ribosome conformational change (accomodation). pre-accomodation proofreading BiPON:BiPON_00000659 translation complex ready to recrute an elongatory ternary complex translation complex (able to load) BiPON:BiPON_00000660 Any process that results in the release from ribosome A-site of any incorrect aminoacyl-tRNA before peptide bond formation. translational proofreading proofreading, translation elongation BiPON:BiPON_00000661 promoter enhancer transcriptional activator BiPON:BiPON_00000663 promoter modulator factor transcriptional regulator BiPON:BiPON_00000664 6S-pRNA hybridisation BiPON:BiPON_00000665 pRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000666 6S RNA-pRNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00000668 operator enhancing BiPON:BiPON_00000669 induced_promoter BiPON:BiPON_00000671 promoter activation BiPON:BiPON_00000674 poly(A) polymerase BiPON:BiPON_00000675 GO:0016779 nucletidyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000676 CAU BiPON:BiPON_00000678 coding codon His BiPON:BiPON_00000681 AGA BiPON:BiPON_00000684 five-prime UTR regulatory region BiPON:BiPON_00000685 GO:0008996 RNase G BiPON:BiPON_00000686 single strand endonuclease BiPON:BiPON_00000687 RNA modification related enzyme BiPON:BiPON_00000688 GO:0004525 RNase III BiPON:BiPON_00000689 GO:0032296 double strand endonuclease BiPON:BiPON_00000691 Any process (at different level of granularity) involved in the pausing of RNA polymerase during transcription. pausing by bacteria RNA polymerase related process BiPON:BiPON_00000692 May be more complicated. It could be followed or preceded by alanilacetylation. formation of tmRNA–SmpB complex BiPON:BiPON_00000693 SmpB small protein B BiPON:BiPON_00000694 tmRNA(Ala) BiPON:BiPON_00000695 tmRNA-SmpB complex BiPON:BiPON_00000698 K02867 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL11 BiPON:BiPON_00000700 large subunit ribosomal 23S primary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000701 in vivo large subunit ribosomal second bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000703 canonical_gene_region_unit BiPON:BiPON_00000709 GCG BiPON:BiPON_00000711 coding codon Ala BiPON:BiPON_00000713 RNA decay BiPON:BiPON_00000714 5prim-Phospho-RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000716 riboswitch sequence crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000718 riboswitch coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000719 stalled transcription bubble (riboswitch) BiPON:BiPON_00000723 mRNA gene BiPON:BiPON_00000726 inactivatable translation preinitiation complex formation inactivatable translation preinitiation complex assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000727 30S-mRNA preinitiation complex at AUG 30S-mRNA preinitiation complex at start codon BiPON:BiPON_00000728 inactivated translation initiation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000729 inactivated translation preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00000731 negative regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex elementary related process BiPON:BiPON_00000732 tmRNA internal ORF (tag reading frame) trans-translation elongation BiPON:BiPON_00000733 tmRNA with a 3p cytidine BiPON:BiPON_00000735 EC:6.1.1.16 K01884 cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase, unknown class BiPON:BiPON_00000738 GO:0008976 EC 2.7.4.1 polyphosphate kinase BiPON:BiPON_00000739 in rescue stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)- EF-G-GTP complex BiPON:BiPON_00000741 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA) BiPON:BiPON_00000742 stalled 6S RNA transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00000744 transcription termination related complex BiPON:BiPON_00000746 K02878 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL16 BiPON:BiPON_00000748 large subunit ribosomal protein BiPON:BiPON_00000749 premature termination attenuation crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000750 premature termination factor binding site coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000751 stalled transcription bubble (premature termination factor-dependent mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000753 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-tmRNA charged BiPON:BiPON_00000755 ncRNA coding sequence DNA-templated sequence for ncRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000756 ncRNA coding gene region BiPON:BiPON_00000758 protein coding gene region BiPON:BiPON_00000759 RNAse J1 EC:3.1.-.- ribonuclease J BiPON:BiPON_00000760 GO:0004521 K12574 EC:3.1.-.- endoribonuclease involved in exosome BiPON:BiPON_00000761 K02601 NusG transcriptional antiterminator NusG BiPON:BiPON_00000762 Nus factor BiPON:BiPON_00000764 coding codon Trp BiPON:BiPON_00000765 SpoT bifunctional (p)ppGpp synthetase II K01139 guanosine-3',5'-bis(diphosphate) 3'-pyrophosphohydrolase EC:3.1.7.2 ppGpp synthetase II BiPON:BiPON_00000767 ppGpp synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000768 RF2 template BiPON:BiPON_00000770 stop codon template BiPON:BiPON_00000771 negative regulation of RBS BiPON:BiPON_00000773 K03628 Rho factor transcription termination factor Rho BiPON:BiPON_00000775 transcription termination factor BiPON:BiPON_00000777 K02520 IF3 prokaryote translation initiation factor IF-3 BiPON:BiPON_00000778 GO:0004521 endoribonuclease BiPON:BiPON_00000779 RNase BiPON:BiPON_00000780 tmRNA_stop_codon BiPON:BiPON_00000782 tmRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000784 Untranslated RNA coding gene region BiPON:BiPON_00000785 R05577 L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming) non-dicriminative L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligation BiPON:BiPON_00000786 K09759 EC:6.1.1.23 nondiscriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00000788 C20863 5'-Phospho-[mRNA] 5prim-Phospho-mRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000790 paused ribosome disassembly BiPON:BiPON_00000791 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-PTH1 complex BiPON:BiPON_00000792 pause codon BiPON:BiPON_00000793 peptidyl-50S-PTH1 complex BiPON:BiPON_00000795 premature drop off related process BiPON:BiPON_00000796 RNase T BiPON:BiPON_00000797 exonuclease involved in RNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00000800 GO:0003746 translation elongation factor BiPON:BiPON_00000801 ko03012 translation factor BiPON:BiPON_00000802 transcription bubble (mis-charged) BiPON:BiPON_00000804 K02892 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL23 BiPON:BiPON_00000810 large subunit 43S intermediate assembly BiPON:BiPON_00000812 P1-50S intermediate ribosome large subunit 32S preribosome large subunit 32S BiPON:BiPON_00000813 intermediate ribosome large subunit 43S preribosome large subunit 43S BiPON:BiPON_00000814 K02884 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL19 BiPON:BiPON_00000815 L7/L12 K02935 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL7/12 BiPON:BiPON_00000816 K02906 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL3 BiPON:BiPON_00000817 K02874 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL14 BiPON:BiPON_00000818 K02913 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL33 BiPON:BiPON_00000819 K02876 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL15 BiPON:BiPON_00000820 ribosomal large subunit assembly related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000821 inactive RF3 RF3-GDP BiPON:BiPON_00000825 small subunit ribosomal primary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000827 Thr-tRNA(Thr) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000828 ACA BiPON:BiPON_00000829 ACG BiPON:BiPON_00000830 ACU BiPON:BiPON_00000831 ACC BiPON:BiPON_00000832 Translational proofreading that occurs after GTP dependent ribosome conformational change (accommodation). post-accomodation proofreading BiPON:BiPON_00000835 K02952 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS13 BiPON:BiPON_00000837 in vivo small subunit ribosomal first bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000838 6S RNAs affect transcription itself by binding to the housekeeping holoenzyme of RNA polymerase (RNAP). 6S RNAs serve as RNA templates for bacterial RNAP, giving rise to the de novo synthesis of short transcripts, termed pRNAs. Regulation of transcription by 6S RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000840 Regulation of transcription by 6S RNA aggregated related process BiPON:BiPON_00000841 Phe-tRNA(Phe) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000842 UUU BiPON:BiPON_00000843 UUC BiPON:BiPON_00000844 K02994 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS8 BiPON:BiPON_00000847 transcriptional attenuation by enhancer-protein binding site BiPON:BiPON_00000848 enhancer-protein binding attenuation crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000849 stalled transcription bubble release (protein enhancer mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00000852 GCC BiPON:BiPON_00000854 strand clearance, RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000855 GO:0004654 3 prim ribonucleotide addition, ncRNA part transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000856 NTP recruitment, ncRNA part transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000858 abortive initiation escape BiPON:BiPON_00000859 open-transcriptional preinitiation abortive complex (added) BiPON:BiPON_00000860 open-transcriptional preinitiation complex that crossed the threshold of transcription abortive initiation. open-transcriptional preinitiation complex (escaped) BiPON:BiPON_00000861 abortive RNA BiPON:BiPON_00000863 abortive initiation relative process BiPON:BiPON_00000865 accomodation translation accomodation BiPON:BiPON_00000866 EF-G-GTP binding, translational translocation BiPON:BiPON_00000868 EF-G-GTP recycling BiPON:BiPON_00000869 active EF-G EF-G-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00000871 EF-G managment process BiPON:BiPON_00000873 sequestered IF2p IF2-ppGpp BiPON:BiPON_00000875 translation preinitiation complex with free 50S-site BiPON:BiPON_00000878 tRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000881 GO:0004532 exoribonucleases BiPON:BiPON_00000883 Ribosome in translation translocation transition. E-site-free in-translocation complex translation complex (in translocation transition) BiPON:BiPON_00000884 translation initiation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000886 coding codon Asn BiPON:BiPON_00000887 K05592 CshA DeaD EC:3.6.4.13 ATP-dependent RNA helicase DeaD BiPON:BiPON_00000888 RNA helicase involved in exosome BiPON:BiPON_00000889 EF-P mediated ribosome remobilization BiPON:BiPON_00000890 paused ribosome (NO GO RNA) BiPON:BiPON_00000892 ribosome remobilization BiPON:BiPON_00000894 transcription bubble non-protein coding (added) BiPON:BiPON_00000896 Pro-tRNA(Pro) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000897 CCA BiPON:BiPON_00000898 CCU BiPON:BiPON_00000899 CCG BiPON:BiPON_00000900 CCC BiPON:BiPON_00000901 alternative bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme binding BiPON:BiPON_00000903 alternative sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00000904 alternative sigma factor selection BiPON:BiPON_00000905 sigma factor preselection BiPON:BiPON_00000906 6S RNA gene BiPON:BiPON_00000907 in vivo large subunit ribosomal third bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000909 large subunit ribosomal 50S primary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000910 K02931 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL5 BiPON:BiPON_00000912 large subunit ribosomal 5S bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00000913 Transcription bubble dissociation following too long term of pausing by RNA polymerase. paused transcription bubble release BiPON:BiPON_00000915 paused transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00000917 DNA rewinding involved in transcription BiPON:BiPON_00000918 6S RNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00000920 ribosome assembly factor BiPON:BiPON_00000921 factor BiPON:BiPON_00000922 anti-sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00000923 ko03000 transcription factor BiPON:BiPON_00000926 open-transcriptional preinitiation complex (added) BiPON:BiPON_00000928 IF2-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00000930 intermediate ribosome large subunit p3-50S preribosome large subunit p3-50S BiPON:BiPON_00000932 processive large ribosome subunit large preribosome subunit BiPON:BiPON_00000933 K01878 EC:6.1.1.14 glycyl-tRNA synthetase alpha chain BiPON:BiPON_00000934 GGC BiPON:BiPON_00000936 coding codon Gly BiPON:BiPON_00000937 Template BiPON:BiPON_00000939 CGG BiPON:BiPON_00000941 K01056 PTH1 EC:3.1.1.29 peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase, PTH1 BiPON:BiPON_00000944 tRNA modification related enzyme BiPON:BiPON_00000945 transcription antitermination factor BiPON:BiPON_00000946 coding codon Met BiPON:BiPON_00000948 coding codon Thr BiPON:BiPON_00000950 translation termination-RFF complex BiPON:BiPON_00000951 translation termination related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00000952 transcript in-process BiPON:BiPON_00000953 initial translocation, translation BiPON:BiPON_00000955 translation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00000956 coding codon Ile BiPON:BiPON_00000957 formation of trans-translation quaternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00000958 activation of tmRNA–SmpB complex BiPON:BiPON_00000962 CCA-adding enzyme EC 2.7.7.72 tRNA nucleotidyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00000967 K03624 GreA transcription elongation factor GreA BiPON:BiPON_00000968 Gre factor BiPON:BiPON_00000969 RNA polymerase housekeeping sigma factor release BiPON:BiPON_00000971 K03086 RNA polymerase primary sigma factor primary sigma factor housekeeping sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00000972 sigma factor release BiPON:BiPON_00000973 hairepin Ribosome entry site BiPON:BiPON_00000975 housekeeping bacterial-type RNA polymerase and 6S RNA promoter-like sequence binding BiPON:BiPON_00000976 complex of bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme and contitutif sigma factor (e.g. sigma A for Bacillus subtilis) bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme housekeeping BiPON:BiPON_00000979 sRNA BiPON:BiPON_00000981 Ribosomal protein interaction with rRNA like sequence ribosomal subunit protein leader attenuation BiPON:BiPON_00000983 rRNA-like attenuation crawling BiPON:BiPON_00000985 sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00000988 Aminoacyl-tRNA amidotransferarse BiPON:BiPON_00000989 step size BiPON:BiPON_00000990 pRNA gene BiPON:BiPON_00000994 damaged transcription unit BiPON:BiPON_00000998 subunit ribosomal protein BiPON:BiPON_00000999 stalled transcription bubble (T-box leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001001 stalled transcription bubble (attenuation) BiPON:BiPON_00001002 T-Box coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001003 UUG BiPON:BiPON_00001005 coding codon Leu BiPON:BiPON_00001006 RelA activation BiPON:BiPON_00001007 K00951 GTP pyrophosphokinase RelA EC:2.7.6.5 ppGpp synthetase I BiPON:BiPON_00001008 uncharged ribosome-RelA complex BiPON:BiPON_00001010 K02358 EF-TU elongation factor thermo unstable elongation factor TU BiPON:BiPON_00001012 K02355 EF-G elongation factor G BiPON:BiPON_00001014 SpoIIAB BiPON:BiPON_00001015 anti-housekeeping sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00001017 K02988 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS5 BiPON:BiPON_00001018 K02959 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS16 BiPON:BiPON_00001019 K02968 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS20 BiPON:BiPON_00001020 K02956 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS15 BiPON:BiPON_00001021 K02961 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS17 BiPON:BiPON_00001022 K02986 universal small subunit ribosomal protein uS4 BiPON:BiPON_00001023 K02945 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS1 BiPON:BiPON_00001024 K02970 bacterial small subunit ribosomal protein bS21 BiPON:BiPON_00001025 L16 activation BiPON:BiPON_00001027 RbgA activation BiPON:BiPON_00001028 RgbA-L16 complexation BiPON:BiPON_00001029 ribosome factor managment related process BiPON:BiPON_00001030 The hydrolysis of an incorrectly aminoacylated tRNA. GO:0002161 tRNA-dependent proofreading LISTED input : aaRS_aminoacyl_AMP_tRNA(aa) complex input: H2O LISTED output : aaRS LISTED output : tRNA listed output: AA output : AMP aminoacyl-tRNA editing activity post-transfer editing, tRNA aminoacylation BiPON:BiPON_00001031 Proofreading of amino acid during tRNA aminoacylation aminoacyl-tRNA editing process BiPON:BiPON_00001033 open-transcriptional preinitiation complex (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00001035 Complexation of 30S ribosomal subunit with IF3 to break to free ribosome 30S and 50S subunits equilibrium. formation of 30S IF3 complex free 30S fixation BiPON:BiPON_00001036 mRNA scanning for start codon recognition BiPON:BiPON_00001037 Shine Dalgarno sequence recognition GO:0008135 mRNA binding, translational preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00001038 Recruitement of IF1 by 30S-IF3 complex to hide the A-site of 30S ribosomal subunit. A-site hiding BiPON:BiPON_00001042 stalled ribosome on tmRNA with RF BiPON:BiPON_00001044 trans-translation termination complex BiPON:BiPON_00001045 GUU BiPON:BiPON_00001047 coding codon Val BiPON:BiPON_00001048 23S primary binding proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001049 in vivo large subunit ribosomal first bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001050 primary bound 23S BiPON:BiPON_00001051 K02863 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL1 BiPON:BiPON_00001052 K02887 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL20 BiPON:BiPON_00001053 K02890 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL22 BiPON:BiPON_00001054 K02888 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL21 BiPON:BiPON_00001055 K02904 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL29 BiPON:BiPON_00001056 K02871 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL13 BiPON:BiPON_00001057 K02864 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL10 BiPON:BiPON_00001058 K02897 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL25 BiPON:BiPON_00001059 K02939 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL9 BiPON:BiPON_00001060 K02895 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL24 BiPON:BiPON_00001061 K02907 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL30 BiPON:BiPON_00001062 K02926 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL4 BiPON:BiPON_00001063 K02899 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL27 BiPON:BiPON_00001064 K02879 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL17 BiPON:BiPON_00001067 negative regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex aggregated related process BiPON:BiPON_00001068 rRNA transcript precursor BiPON:BiPON_00001069 ribosomal small subunit assembly related process BiPON:BiPON_00001074 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged mRNA protein coding gene region unit') transcriptional termination Nus antitermination BiPON:BiPON_00001078 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase BiPON:BiPON_00001079 GO:0004532 exoribonuclease involved in exosome BiPON:BiPON_00001083 70S-IF1-IF2 preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00001085 putative hydrolaze I BiPON:BiPON_00001089 translation termination related complex BiPON:BiPON_00001092 alternative sigma factor sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00001093 anti-alternative sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00001094 alternative-sigma-factor anti-altenative-sigma complex BiPON:BiPON_00001096 specific anti-sigma sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00001097 wast oligoribonucleotide BiPON:BiPON_00001098 T-Box attenuation crawling BiPON:BiPON_00001103 K04760 GreB transcription elongation factor GreB BiPON:BiPON_00001104 RBS-repressor protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00001106 inactive RBS complex BiPON:BiPON_00001154 paradigm and positionning feature BiPON:BiPON_00001158 in vivo large subunit ribosomal unknown bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001161 ribosomal large subunit assembly related process BiPON:BiPON_00001163 AAA BiPON:BiPON_00001166 free 70S stabilization BiPON:BiPON_00001167 K03812 Rmf ribosome modulation factor BiPON:BiPON_00001168 70S-Rmf complex BiPON:BiPON_00001170 RNase P BiPON:BiPON_00001172 Ribozyme BiPON:BiPON_00001173 riboswitch sequence translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001175 transcription attenuation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001176 AUA BiPON:BiPON_00001177 sRNA_gene BiPON:BiPON_00001181 ArfA recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00001183 K09890 ArfA YhdL alternative ribosome-rescue factor A BiPON:BiPON_00001184 stalled ribosome with free A-site (NO STOP) stalled ribosome (NO STOP RNA) BiPON:BiPON_00001185 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-ArfA charged BiPON:BiPON_00001186 ArfA system rescue related process BiPON:BiPON_00001187 GUC BiPON:BiPON_00001188 CUA BiPON:BiPON_00001190 antitermination protein binding site coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001192 ArfB system rescue related process BiPON:BiPON_00001193 ArfA system rescue BiPON:BiPON_00001194 drop-off ArFA BiPON:BiPON_00001195 RF recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00001197 Coding protein mRNA transcription elongation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001198 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged mRNA protein coding gene region unit') DNA template strand crawling CDS unit mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00001200 transcription elongation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001201 UGG BiPON:BiPON_00001203 trans-translation factor BiPON:BiPON_00001204 ribosome rescue factor BiPON:BiPON_00001206 GO:0003724 RNA helicase BiPON:BiPON_00001211 small subunit ribosomal secondary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001215 CUG BiPON:BiPON_00001220 open-transcriptional preinitiation abortive complex (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00001223 K09698 EC:6.1.1.24 nondiscriminating glutamyl-tRNA synthetase BiPON:BiPON_00001225 bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme BiPON:BiPON_00001228 coding codon Tyr BiPON:BiPON_00001230 RF3-GTP recycling BiPON:BiPON_00001232 active RF3 RF3-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00001233 RF3 management process BiPON:BiPON_00001235 repressible promoter BiPON:BiPON_00001237 EC 6.3.5.7 glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase BiPON:BiPON_00001239 antitermination protein binding site BiPON:BiPON_00001240 stalled transcription bubble (enhancer mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001242 K02914 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL34 BiPON:BiPON_00001243 proteins bound 5S BiPON:BiPON_00001256 alpha-aminoacyl-tmRNA BiPON:BiPON_00001257 tagged-peptide release, trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00001258 trans-translated tag polypeptide chain BiPON:BiPON_00001261 position BiPON:BiPON_00001264 GO:0033900 RNase F BiPON:BiPON_00001267 30S-mRNA preinitiation complex at RBS BiPON:BiPON_00001271 transcription elongation factor BiPON:BiPON_00001272 stalled ribosome BiPON:BiPON_00001273 translation elongation complex translation elongation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00001277 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-ArfB charged BiPON:BiPON_00001280 UGU BiPON:BiPON_00001281 coding codon Cys BiPON:BiPON_00001283 small subunit ribosomal quaternary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001284 initial RNA transcription elongation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001287 riboswitch attenuation BiPON:BiPON_00001289 stalled transcription bubble release (riboswitch) BiPON:BiPON_00001293 premature termination factor binding site BiPON:BiPON_00001294 5S ribosomal large subunit assembly BiPON:BiPON_00001296 K02881 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL18 BiPON:BiPON_00001299 ambre UAG BiPON:BiPON_00001300 addition of an incorrect nucleoside on the 3' end of a naissant RNA during transcription misincorporation during DNA-templated transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00001302 Loading of an incorrect nucleotide mis-NTP recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00001303 clearance of a DNA sequience unit following incorrect extension of the 3' end of a naissant RNA. mis-read-sequence clearance BiPON:BiPON_00001304 incorrect extension of the 3' end of a naissant RNA. GO:0004654 mis-ribonucleotide addition (3 prim) BiPON:BiPON_00001305 Any process (at different level of granularity) involved in the loss of transcriptional fidelity. transcriptional fidelity loss related process BiPON:BiPON_00001306 transcriptional attenuation related process BiPON:BiPON_00001308 large subunit ribosomal 23S secondary bind proteins BiPON:BiPON_00001310 bacterial degradosome assembly BiPON:BiPON_00001311 K01689 ENO EC:4.2.1.11 enolase BiPON:BiPON_00001317 AUC BiPON:BiPON_00001319 stalled ribosome by tmRNA-stop codon BiPON:BiPON_00001321 inactive IF2 IF2-GDP BiPON:BiPON_00001324 K01889 FARSA EC:6.1.1.20 phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase alpha chain BiPON:BiPON_00001325 AUU BiPON:BiPON_00001327 phosphodiesterase decapping BiPON:BiPON_00001328 GO:0034353 K08311 EC:3.6.1.- putative (di)nucleoside polyphosphate hydrolase BiPON:BiPON_00001334 EF4 LepA Elongation factor 4 BiPON:BiPON_00001337 misincorporation-correcting process during RNA transcription that involved RNA-polymerase back-tracking folowing by the hydrolysis of the incorrect ribonucleotide. transcriptional hydrolytic editing BiPON:BiPON_00001338 cleavage of a misincorporated ribonucleoside at the 3' end of naissant RNA mis-nucleoside hydrolysis BiPON:BiPON_00001340 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-tmRNA ala added BiPON:BiPON_00001351 GO:0003743 translation initiation factor BiPON:BiPON_00001352 K02519 IF2 prokaryote translation initiation factor IF-2 BiPON:BiPON_00001353 K02518 IF1 prokaryote translation initiation factor IF-1 BiPON:BiPON_00001356 processive small ribosome subunit small preribosome subunit BiPON:BiPON_00001358 monocistronic mRNA BiPON:BiPON_00001359 completed-peptide release BiPON:BiPON_00001360 stalled ribosome with RF BiPON:BiPON_00001361 translation termination complex class I BiPON:BiPON_00001366 active in rescue stalled ribosome (No stop RNA) BiPON:BiPON_00001372 RbgA-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00001373 RbgA-L16 complex BiPON:BiPON_00001376 K02600 NusA N utilization substance protein A BiPON:BiPON_00001377 K18682 RNAse Y EC:3.1.-.- ribonuclease Y BiPON:BiPON_00001380 protein-dependent RBS inactivation protein-dependent RBS repression BiPON:BiPON_00001382 translation initiator repressor factor BiPON:BiPON_00001384 K01890 FARSB EC:6.1.1.20 phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta chain BiPON:BiPON_00001387 double-stranded RNA degradation BiPON:BiPON_00001389 paired RNA double-stranded RNA BiPON:BiPON_00001390 smoothing, abordive initiation BiPON:BiPON_00001400 DNA conformation change involved in transcription BiPON:BiPON_00001401 monocystronic tRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001404 Recovery of transcription process next to a pause event. paused transcription bubble restarting BiPON:BiPON_00001407 transcription elongation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00001408 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') transcription attenuation antitermination (riboswitch) BiPON:BiPON_00001411 UAC BiPON:BiPON_00001412 UCA BiPON:BiPON_00001413 coding codon Ser BiPON:BiPON_00001414 CGU BiPON:BiPON_00001415 tRNA precursor isolation BiPON:BiPON_00001416 exonucleolitytic trimming involved in tRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00001417 endonucleolitytic cleavage involved in tRNA processing BiPON:BiPON_00001422 translation complex that processed an elongatory ternary complex to add aminoacid residue to the naissant polypeptide. peptidyl-transfered translocational unit translation complex (added) BiPON:BiPON_00001424 sRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001427 AGU BiPON:BiPON_00001429 Activator of hairpined RBS Translation initiation enhancer factor BiPON:BiPON_00001431 translation initiation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00001433 stalled transcription bubble (unavailable DNA) BiPON:BiPON_00001435 transcription elongation regulation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00001436 RNA polymerase alternative sigma factor release BiPON:BiPON_00001438 bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme modulation BiPON:BiPON_00001439 tmRNA aminoacylation BiPON:BiPON_00001441 tmRNA processing related process BiPON:BiPON_00001442 K00962 PNPase EC:2.7.7.8 polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00001446 RBS-hairepin unfolding BiPON:BiPON_00001448 RF class I loading BiPON:BiPON_00001450 stalled ribosome by stop codon BiPON:BiPON_00001452 translation termination complex class II BiPON:BiPON_00001454 premature termination attenuation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001459 tmRNP trans-translation quaternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001461 30S-tmRNA termination complex BiPON:BiPON_00001464 GO:0008995 RNase E BiPON:BiPON_00001465 T-Box attenuation transcriptional attenuation by transfer RNA BiPON:BiPON_00001467 stalled transcription bubble release (T-box leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001471 quaternary complex binding BiPON:BiPON_00001487 polycistronic tRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001489 K02909 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL31 BiPON:BiPON_00001493 uncharged translation elongation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001494 peptide leader attenuation BiPON:BiPON_00001497 30S-IF3 release, trans-translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00001499 ArfB YaeJ alternative ribosome-rescue factor B BiPON:BiPON_00001501 factor-dependent processive transcriptional attenuation BiPON:BiPON_00001503 stalled transcription bubble release (premature termination factor-dependent mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001507 poycystronic coding mRNA sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001508 RelE sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00001509 RelE toxin RelE BiPON:BiPON_00001510 antitoxin RelB BiPON:BiPON_00001511 RelB-RelE complex BiPON:BiPON_00001513 spontaneous ribosome remobilization BiPON:BiPON_00001518 ribosome A-site mRNA cleavage BiPON:BiPON_00001519 incomplete codon BiPON:BiPON_00001523 Transcription bubble dissociation following translocation on damaged DNA strand. class II stalled transcription bubble release BiPON:BiPON_00001524 stalled transcription bubble (Class II) BiPON:BiPON_00001526 Any process (at different level of granularity) that is induced by translocation of RNA polymerase on a damaged DNA strand. unavailable DNA template unit crawling during transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00001533 Arg-tRNA(Arg) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001534 CGC BiPON:BiPON_00001535 AGG BiPON:BiPON_00001536 housekeeping sigma factor-anti-sigma complex BiPON:BiPON_00001538 sigma-anti-sigma complex BiPON:BiPON_00001539 GO:0033890 RNase D BiPON:BiPON_00001543 termination translocation, translation BiPON:BiPON_00001545 stop codon read stop codon crawling BiPON:BiPON_00001546 release of tagged-polypeptide chain BiPON:BiPON_00001548 stop codon crawling, trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00001549 RF class I loading, trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00001550 trans-translation termination related agregated process BiPON:BiPON_00001553 pRNA coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001556 translation initiation related process BiPON:BiPON_00001558 K02911 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL32 BiPON:BiPON_00001564 A decade back-crawling of the RNA polymerase during transcription. This process induces the exit of an equivalent bp piece of the RNA 3' end from the secondary channel of RNA polymerase. strong backtracking BiPON:BiPON_00001569 NTP collection nucleoside triphosphate collection BiPON:BiPON_00001571 transient position BiPON:BiPON_00001572 AGC BiPON:BiPON_00001573 CDS unit mRNA protein coding gene region unit BiPON:BiPON_00001576 trans-translation related complex BiPON:BiPON_00001581 Tyr-tRNA(Tyr) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001582 UAU BiPON:BiPON_00001583 trans-translation intitiation related process BiPON:BiPON_00001585 GCA BiPON:BiPON_00001588 polycistronic-tRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00001589 K02902 bacterial large subunit ribosomal protein bL28 BiPON:BiPON_00001591 template strand (or noncoding strand) BiPON:BiPON_00001593 large subunit p3-50S intermediate assembly BiPON:BiPON_00001595 K02886 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL2 BiPON:BiPON_00001596 K02933 universal large subunit ribosomal protein uL6 BiPON:BiPON_00001598 Premature termination of translation due to the formation of a pause complex. pause sequence transcription abording BiPON:BiPON_00001599 Crawling of RNA polymerase on DNA sequence unit leading to the transcription of pause signal and the formation of a pause complex. pause sequence crawling, transcription DNA-templated BiPON:BiPON_00001601 T-Box attenuation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001603 primary transcript oligoribonucleotide BiPON:BiPON_00001605 CAG BiPON:BiPON_00001606 coding codon Gln BiPON:BiPON_00001607 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') scrunching, abordive initiation 1 BiPON:BiPON_00001609 CTP tmRNA cytidylyltransferase I BiPON:BiPON_00001611 pre-tmRNA tmRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00001612 processive ribosome subunit preribosome subunit BiPON:BiPON_00001615 template sequence unit BiPON:BiPON_00001618 repressed promoter BiPON:BiPON_00001622 CAC BiPON:BiPON_00001626 Hydrolysis of 3' end of naissant RNA following RNA polymerase back tracking. This process allos to recover transcription process from its new DNA sequience unit. class II stalled transcription bubble unblocking BiPON:BiPON_00001628 backtracked RNA BiPON:BiPON_00001630 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') transcription attenuation antitermination (T-box leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001633 5S integration 5S integration BiPON:BiPON_00001634 K02836 RF2 peptide chain release factor 2 BiPON:BiPON_00001636 ocre UAA BiPON:BiPON_00001637 opale UGA BiPON:BiPON_00001642 trans-translation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001643 proteic antiterminator inducer BiPON:BiPON_00001649 RF1 template BiPON:BiPON_00001651 noncoding transcription elongation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001654 ArfB system rescue BiPON:BiPON_00001656 ArfB recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00001657 drop-off ArFB BiPON:BiPON_00001660 GUA BiPON:BiPON_00001661 No-Stop RNA leaving BiPON:BiPON_00001664 CDS coding sequence BiPON:BiPON_00001665 RNApol move that aloxs the formation of termination signal transcription termination sequence crawling BiPON:BiPON_00001666 stalled transcription bubble (term) BiPON:BiPON_00001668 troncated polypeptide chain BiPON:BiPON_00001670 incomplete codon crawling BiPON:BiPON_00001674 trans-translational termination complex dissociation BiPON:BiPON_00001681 RNA-templated sequence for ncRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00001687 transcription intrinsic termination release BiPON:BiPON_00001689 K01879 EC:6.1.1.14 glycyl-tRNA synthetase beta chain BiPON:BiPON_00001690 stalled ribosome (No stop RNA)-ArfA-RF complex BiPON:BiPON_00001692 elongation translocation, translation BiPON:BiPON_00001697 UCC BiPON:BiPON_00001702 Gln-tRNA(Gln) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001703 CAA BiPON:BiPON_00001713 UGC BiPON:BiPON_00001717 abortive initiation BiPON:BiPON_00001719 GO:0004654 abortive ribonucleotide addition BiPON:BiPON_00001723 CTP tmRNA cytidylyltransferase II BiPON:BiPON_00001725 K03625 NusB N utilization substance protein B BiPON:BiPON_00001728 Ribosome in trans-translation translocation transition. In this case, the template is the coding piece of tmRNA. trans-translation complex (in translocation transition) BiPON:BiPON_00001731 EC 6.3.5.6 aspartyl-tRNAAsn amidotransferase BiPON:BiPON_00001732 Processes manualy discribed as composed by supergrain processes aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00001735 CUU BiPON:BiPON_00001739 rRNA-like attenuation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001741 slow-down translational preinitiation BiPON:BiPON_00001743 inactivation of translation preinitiation complex formation of inactivatable translation preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00001744 inactivated initiator tRNA anchorage BiPON:BiPON_00001745 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') transcription attenuation antitermination (protein enhancer mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001757 coding (non-template) strand BiPON:BiPON_00001759 methionyl-tRNA(fMet) aminoacylation BiPON:BiPON_00001761 free mature ribosome complexation equilibrium BiPON:BiPON_00001764 activated translation preinitiation complex processed translation preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00001766 70S-IF2 preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00001769 backward translocation of RNA polymerase during transcription backtrack translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001771 K04566 EC:6.1.1.6 lysyl-tRNA synthetase, class I BiPON:BiPON_00001776 coding codon Phe BiPON:BiPON_00001777 UCG BiPON:BiPON_00001779 GAU BiPON:BiPON_00001780 coding codon Asp BiPON:BiPON_00001781 Crawling of ribosome on a mRNA sequence leading to the formation of a pause complex. pause sequence crawling, translation BiPON:BiPON_00001786 ribosomal protein leader BiPON:BiPON_00001787 K06204 DnaK suppressor protein BiPON:BiPON_00001797 Ile-tRNA(Ile) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001798 Val-tRNA(Val) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001799 GUG BiPON:BiPON_00001800 GGA BiPON:BiPON_00001803 PTH1 recruitement BiPON:BiPON_00001809 Lys-tRNA(Lys) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001810 AAG BiPON:BiPON_00001812 Any elementary process involved in nucleotide misincorporation during DNA-templated transcription elongation nucleotide misincorporation during DNA-templated transcription elongation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00001815 KARS K04567 [EC:6.1.1.6] lysyl-tRNA synthetase, class II BiPON:BiPON_00001817 GCU BiPON:BiPON_00001819 Ser-tRNA(Ser) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001820 UCU BiPON:BiPON_00001823 last pRNA sequence unit scrunching, transcription 6S RNA-templated BiPON:BiPON_00001825 Leu-tRNA(Leu) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001826 UUA BiPON:BiPON_00001827 CUC BiPON:BiPON_00001828 polycistronic-mRNA precursor BiPON:BiPON_00001829 tRNA processing related process BiPON:BiPON_00001831 T-Box BiPON:BiPON_00001833 GGG BiPON:BiPON_00001835 operator silencing BiPON:BiPON_00001836 promoter silencer transcriptional repressor BiPON:BiPON_00001838 promoter inactivation BiPON:BiPON_00001839 premature peptide drop-off BiPON:BiPON_00001840 troncated peptide release BiPON:BiPON_00001846 R00336 ppGpp degradation ppGpp hydrolyse guanosine-3p,5p-bis(diphosphate) 3p-diphosphohydrolase BiPON:BiPON_00001854 housekeeping bacterial-type RNA polymerase holoenzyme binding BiPON:BiPON_00001859 BSU04730 K03090 SIG3.3.2 SigB general stress sigma factor sigma B RNA polymerase sigma-B factor BiPON:BiPON_00001861 transcriptional attenuation elementary related process BiPON:BiPON_00001863 stalled RNA release BiPON:BiPON_00001866 promoter clearance during transcription related process BiPON:BiPON_00001867 Trp-tRNA(Trp) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001873 EF-G activation BiPON:BiPON_00001882 Gly-tRNA(Gly) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001883 GGU BiPON:BiPON_00001889 enhancer-protein binding attenuation translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001893 rho dependent termination release BiPON:BiPON_00001898 housekeeping bacterial-type RNA polymerase and promoter sequence binding BiPON:BiPON_00001900 BSU25200 RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoD SigA Sigma A household sigma factor RNA polymerase sigma-A factor BiPON:BiPON_00001901 EF4 ribosome remobilization BiPON:BiPON_00001904 tmRNA 3p-terminal CCA addition BiPON:BiPON_00001906 tmRNA processing related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00001912 The release from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetasescatalytic site of an incorrect amino acid prior to aminoacilation. tRNA-independent proofreading pre-transfer editing, tRNA aminoacylation BiPON:BiPON_00001913 His-tRNA(His) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001917 housekeeping sigma factor sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00001920 transcription attenuation antitermination (premature termination factor-dependent mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00001933 mRNA termination transcription translocation BiPON:BiPON_00001941 GAC BiPON:BiPON_00001942 alpha-amino acid residue collection BiPON:BiPON_00001943 IF2-GTP hydrolysis initiator tRNA anchorage BiPON:BiPON_00001945 translation translocation process BiPON:BiPON_00001949 tRNA (with 3p, 5p residues) BiPON:BiPON_00001951 riboswitch BiPON:BiPON_00001953 sequestred RBS BiPON:BiPON_00001973 RNase PH BiPON:BiPON_00001975 Glu-tRNA(Glu) ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00001976 K04757 serine/threonine-protein kinase RsbW BiPON:BiPON_00001979 RBS sequestration by sRNA BiPON:BiPON_00001981 bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme release from 6S RNA pRNA synthesis, transcription 6S RNA-templated pRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00001984 R05578 non-dicriminative-L-glutamate:tRNA(Glu) ligase (AMP-forming) non-discriminative L-glutamate:tRNA(Glu) ligation BiPON:BiPON_00001993 Crawling of RNA polymerase on damaged DNA sequence. DNA damaged crawling, transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002005 R00429 ppGpp synthesis ATP:GTP 3p-diphosphotransferase BiPON:BiPON_00002008 and (has_output exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') transcription attenuation antitermination (rRNA-like leader mechanisms) BiPON:BiPON_00002013 alpha-peptidyl-tRNA cleavage BiPON:BiPON_00002017 EF-TU GTP addition EF-TU activation BiPON:BiPON_00002019 formation of uncharged translation elongation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00002021 negative regulation of translational elongation tRNA dependent BiPON:BiPON_00002023 IF2 GDP addition IF2 inactivation BiPON:BiPON_00002025 IF2 ppGpp addition formation of IF2-ppGpp IF2 sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00002027 peptide chain release factor 3 GTP addition RF3 activation BiPON:BiPON_00002032 inactivation of translation initiation ternary complex formation of inactavable translation initiation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00002035 30S-mRNA termination complex BiPON:BiPON_00002040 translation termination complex class II-GTP BiPON:BiPON_00002045 ribosome A-site uncharged occupation BiPON:BiPON_00002046 uncharged pretranslocational ribosome formation A-site unchargeded tRNA recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00002052 sequestered translation initiation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00002054 uncharged stalled ribosome unblocking BiPON:BiPON_00002056 uncharged pre-translocation unit dissociation uncharged pre-translocation unit rescue uncharged ribosome recue BiPON:BiPON_00002061 EF-TU-GTP recycling BiPON:BiPON_00002065 inactivation of fMet-tRNA(fMet) initiator tRNA inactivation BiPON:BiPON_00002067 formation of inactive translation initiation ternary complex sequestration of translation initiation ternary complex BiPON:BiPON_00002068 IF2 ppGpp sequestration of tRNAfMet initiator tRNA sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00002073 RF class I release BiPON:BiPON_00002075 formation of translation termination comples class II RF3 binding BiPON:BiPON_00002077 RF3 release BiPON:BiPON_00002078 free E translation termination complex BiPON:BiPON_00002089 RNA 5' Pyrophosphohydrolase (RppH) BiPON:BiPON_00002094 alternative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, initiation BiPON:BiPON_00002099 alternative transcription initiation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter BiPON:BiPON_00002101 alternative DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly BiPON:BiPON_00002103 housekeeping DNA-templated transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly BiPON:BiPON_00002106 Simple back reaction, to catalyze the removal of an incorrectly inserted ribonucleotide, by reincorporation of PPi. The enzyme can then incorporate another ribonucleotide in its place in the growing RNA chain pyrophosphorilytic editing BiPON:BiPON_00002240 mRNA CDS sequence transcription, elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002241 ncRNA sequence transcription, production BiPON:BiPON_00002244 NTP recruitment, protein coding part of mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002246 NTP recruitment, RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002247 mRNA sequence transcription, production BiPON:BiPON_00002252 RNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002253 mRNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002254 ncRNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002255 transcription intrinsic termination mRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00002256 transcription intrinsic termination ncRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00002262 peptide sequence production, translation BiPON:BiPON_00002263 peptide sequence production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002267 bacterial cytoplasmic translational elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002268 bacterial cytoplasmic translational termination BiPON:BiPON_00002271 bacterial cytoplasmic translational initiation BiPON:BiPON_00002273 tmRNA-rRNA-protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00002275 regulation of transcription abordive initiation BiPON:BiPON_00002276 abordive RNA elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002278 peptide_coding_gene BiPON:BiPON_00002279 pRNA unit transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002280 6S RNA transcription bubble (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00002281 6S RNA transcription bubble (added) BiPON:BiPON_00002282 6S RNA transcription bubble BiPON:BiPON_00002283 pRNA nucleotide addition BiPON:BiPON_00002284 pRNA elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002290 EF-G mediated translocation activation BiPON:BiPON_00002295 ToRead codon crawling trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00002296 termination translocation, trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00002297 trans-translational elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002298 tagged-peptide sequence production, trans-translation BiPON:BiPON_00002299 trans-translation elongation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00002300 trans-translation elongation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00002301 50S release, trans-translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00002308 protein folding related process BiPON:BiPON_00002319 molecules metabolic related process BiPON:BiPON_00002322 protein coding gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002323 ncRNA gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002324 tRNA gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002325 rRNA gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002326 transcription intrinsic termination rRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00002327 transcription intrinsic termination tRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00002328 transcription intrinsic termination regulatory ncRNA release BiPON:BiPON_00002329 tRNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002330 rRNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002331 regulatory ncRNA production and release BiPON:BiPON_00002332 regulatory ncRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002340 noncoding regulatory primary transcript BiPON:BiPON_00002341 regulatory RNA BiPON:BiPON_00002347 chaperone BiPON:BiPON_00002351 ribosomal small subunit gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002352 ribosomal large subunit gene expression BiPON:BiPON_00002357 protein maturation related process BiPON:BiPON_00002362 transfer RNA collection BiPON:BiPON_00002364 mature RNA catabolic process BiPON:BiPON_00002367 mature transcript collection BiPON:BiPON_00002373 unprocessed polymer unit collection BiPON:BiPON_00002374 processed polymer unit collection BiPON:BiPON_00002375 engaged coding codon BiPON:BiPON_00002377 ORF sequestration by sRNA BiPON:BiPON_00002378 sRNA-mRNA complex BiPON:BiPON_00002382 engaged mRNA protein coding gene region unit BiPON:BiPON_00002383 engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002386 and (has_input exactly 1 'engaged mRNA protein coding gene region unit') DNA template strand clearance CDS unit mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002387 and (has_input exactly 1 'engaged non-protein coding sequence unit, RNA transcription') template strand clearance non-protein coding unit RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002389 Coding protein mRNA transcription elongation translocation transition BiPON:BiPON_00002391 ncRNA termination transcription translocation BiPON:BiPON_00002393 non-protein coding template sequence unit BiPON:BiPON_00002394 mRNA protein coding gene template region unit BiPON:BiPON_00002396 maintenance of transcriptional fidelity related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00002397 maintenance of transcriptional fidelity related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00002398 regulation of unavailable DNA templated unit, transcription elongation related process BiPON:BiPON_00002399 engaged DNA template unit crawling BiPON:BiPON_00002400 unavailable DNA unit crawling, non-protein coding RNA sequence transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002401 unavailable DNA unit crawling, protein coding mRNA sequence transcription elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002402 positive regulation of unavailable DNA templated unit crawling BiPON:BiPON_00002403 negative regulation of unavailable DNA templated unit crawling BiPON:BiPON_00002408 regulation of unavailable DNA templated unit, transcription elongation related elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00002409 regulation of unavailable DNA templated unit, transcription elongation related aggregated process BiPON:BiPON_00002410 engaged codon crawling, translation BiPON:BiPON_00002411 paused ribosome (road block) BiPON:BiPON_00002413 paused ribosome BiPON:BiPON_00002414 block-road resolution BiPON:BiPON_00002417 regulation of molecule metabolic process BiPON:BiPON_00002418 regulation of ppGpp metabolism BiPON:BiPON_00002419 mis-nucleoside monophosphate collection BiPON:BiPON_00002421 protein genetic production BiPON:BiPON_00002423 translation initiation key element BiPON:BiPON_00002425 increase of a product pool BiPON:BiPON_00002429 decrease of a chemical pool BiPON:BiPON_00002430 number of a chemical BiPON:BiPON_00002431 number of a initiation site BiPON:BiPON_00002432 polymere residue sequence value BiPON:BiPON_00002433 built sequence value BiPON:BiPON_00002434 number of a polymer BiPON:BiPON_00002435 number of a polypeptide BiPON:BiPON_00002436 number of a nucleic acid BiPON:BiPON_00002437 number of a ribonucleic acid BiPON:BiPON_00002438 cell volume BiPON:BiPON_00002439 number of a bound chemical BiPON:BiPON_00002440 translation translocation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002441 transcription translocation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002442 one codon step BiPON:BiPON_00002443 one base step BiPON:BiPON_00002444 number of a polymer unit BiPON:BiPON_00002445 three stage genetic protein production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002446 basic three stage genetic protein production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002447 three stage competitive initiations genetic protein production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002449 number of transcription preintitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00002450 number of translation preintitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00002451 number of a promoter BiPON:BiPON_00002452 number of a ribosome entry site BiPON:BiPON_00002453 number of a free chemical BiPON:BiPON_00002455 number of a free RNA-polymerase BiPON:BiPON_00002456 number of a free initiator BiPON:BiPON_00002457 basic polymerisation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002458 basic translation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002459 basic transcription rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002460 polymerisation free initiator dependent BiPON:BiPON_00002461 transcription free-polymerase dependent rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002462 translation free-ribosome dependent rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002463 full polymerisation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002464 full transcription rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002465 full translation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002466 increase of a reactant pool BiPON:BiPON_00002467 translocation rate by free ribosome BiPON:BiPON_00002469 polymerisation preinitiation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002470 transcription preinitiation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002471 translation preinitiation rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002472 number of a free ribosome BiPON:BiPON_00002473 preinitiated polymerisation production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002474 preinitiated polypeptide production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002475 preinitiated RNA production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002476 number of a polymerisation preinitiation complex BiPON:BiPON_00002477 translation elongation key element BiPON:BiPON_00002479 elongator alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA collect BiPON:BiPON_00002481 elongator transfer RNA collect BiPON:BiPON_00002482 nucleoside triphosphate collect 1 BiPON:BiPON_00002483 mature transcript collec BiPON:BiPON_00002484 molecular collect BiPON:BiPON_00002485 molecular scattering BiPON:BiPON_00002486 transfer RNA scattering BiPON:BiPON_00002487 elongator transfer RNA scattering BiPON:BiPON_00002488 aminoacyl tRNA pool activation BiPON:BiPON_00002491 NTP pool recruitment, RNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002492 NTP pool recruitment, ncRNA part transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002493 NTP pool recruitment, protein coding part of mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002498 aminoacyl tRNA pool release BiPON:BiPON_00002500 molecular collect and scaterring BiPON:BiPON_00002502 loading rate BiPON:BiPON_00002503 release rate BiPON:BiPON_00002504 Process Key element BiPON:BiPON_00002506 translation termination key element BiPON:BiPON_00002507 ncRNA transcription, DNA-templated BiPON:BiPON_00002509 decrease of a product pool BiPON:BiPON_00002510 bacterial cytoplasmic translation BiPON:BiPON_00002511 messenger transcript BiPON:BiPON_00002512 messenger like transcript BiPON:BiPON_00002513 matrix molecule BiPON:BiPON_00002514 ribosome biogenesis related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00002515 RNA catabolic related protein complex BiPON:BiPON_00002516 reverse polymerisation preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002517 codon template BiPON:BiPON_00002518 start codon template BiPON:BiPON_00002519 forward translation preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002520 protein coding template sequence BiPON:BiPON_00002522 sequence-dependent reverse binding rate BiPON:BiPON_00002523 ChEBI CMP BiPON:BiPON_00002524 reverse translation preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002525 sequence-dependent forward binding rate BiPON:BiPON_00002526 forward polymerisation preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002527 forward transcription preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002528 transcription rate by free polymerase BiPON:BiPON_00002530 forward bimolecular rate constant BiPON:BiPON_00002531 increase of a chemical pool BiPON:BiPON_00002532 basic transcription rate BiPON:BiPON_00002533 basic peptide production rate BiPON:BiPON_00002534 unimolecular polymerisation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002535 unimolecular basic polymerisation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002536 preinitiated polymerisation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002537 preinitiated transcription rate BiPON:BiPON_00002538 preinitiated translation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002539 number of a free promoter BiPON:BiPON_00002540 GO:0052927 R09383 CTP tRNA cytidylyltransferase I BiPON:BiPON_00002541 GO:0052929 R09386 ATP tRNA adenylyltransferase BiPON:BiPON_00002542 GO:0052928 R09384 CTP tRNA cytidylyltransferase II BiPON:BiPON_00002543 mRNA_precursor_region BiPON:BiPON_00002544 number of a free ribosome entry site BiPON:BiPON_00002545 number of a free initiation site BiPON:BiPON_00002546 polymerisation rate by free initiator BiPON:BiPON_00002547 reverse transcription preinitiation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002548 variation of an entity pool contituents BiPON:BiPON_00002549 increase of an entity pool BiPON:BiPON_00002550 decrease of an entity pool BiPON:BiPON_00002556 set of equivalent nature molecule. The choice of one or all the elements of the collection as a participant in a process usually depends on a sequence related to this process. The collection element to it are connected by the unit_of property. chemical collection BiPON:BiPON_00002557 elongator transfer RNA collection BiPON:BiPON_00002558 elongator alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA collection BiPON:BiPON_00002562 integrator BiPON:BiPON_00002563 pool management law BiPON:BiPON_00002564 translation regulation key element BiPON:BiPON_00002565 translocation rate BiPON:BiPON_00002566 number of a motif BiPON:BiPON_00002567 decrease of a motif pool BiPON:BiPON_00002568 decrease of a free initiation site pool BiPON:BiPON_00002569 increase of a free initiation site pool BiPON:BiPON_00002570 increase of a motif pool BiPON:BiPON_00002571 increase of a bound chemical pool BiPON:BiPON_00002572 decrease of a bound chemical pool BiPON:BiPON_00002573 decrease of a free chemical pool pool BiPON:BiPON_00002574 increase of a free chemical pool BiPON:BiPON_00002575 decrease of a polymer pool BiPON:BiPON_00002576 increase of a polymer pool BiPON:BiPON_00002577 decrease of a polymer unit pool BiPON:BiPON_00002578 increase of a polymer unit pool BiPON:BiPON_00002579 increase of a ribonucleic acid pool BiPON:BiPON_00002580 increase of a polypeptide pool BiPON:BiPON_00002581 decrease of a free RNA-polymerase pool BiPON:BiPON_00002582 decrease of a transcription preinitiation complex pool BiPON:BiPON_00002583 decrease of a free ribosome pool BiPON:BiPON_00002584 decrease of translation preinitiation complex pool BiPON:BiPON_00002585 decrease of a free initiator pool BiPON:BiPON_00002586 decrease of a polymerisation preinitiation complex pool BiPON:BiPON_00002587 increase of a free initiator pool BiPON:BiPON_00002588 increase of a free RNA-polymerase pool BiPON:BiPON_00002589 increase of a free ribosome pool BiPON:BiPON_00002590 activated/unactivated/deactivated ribosome assembly factor BiPON:BiPON_00002591 translation key element BiPON:BiPON_00002593 mass action rate law for THIRD order irreversible reactions BiPON:BiPON_00002594 Full three stage genetic protein production rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002596 ribosome dissociation, translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00002598 ribosome dissociation, trans-translation termination BiPON:BiPON_00002726 free 70S sequestration BiPON:BiPON_00002728 charged-tRNA recruitment BiPON:BiPON_00002729 charged-tRNA recruitment, trans-translocation BiPON:BiPON_00002731 elementary chemical process BiPON:BiPON_00002732 RNA sequence transcription, elongation BiPON:BiPON_00002733 RNA sequence transcription, production BiPON:BiPON_00002734 aggregated chemical process BiPON:BiPON_00002736 polymer production process BiPON:BiPON_00002737 nc-primary transcript collection BiPON:BiPON_00002739 nc primary transcript scattering BiPON:BiPON_00002741 transcription bubble (added) BiPON:BiPON_00002742 transcription bubble on CDS (added) BiPON:BiPON_00002743 transcription bubble (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00002744 transcription bubble on CDS (charged) BiPON:BiPON_00002745 3 prim ribonucleotide addition BiPON:BiPON_00002746 3 prim ribonucleotide addition, protein coding part of mRNA transcription BiPON:BiPON_00002750 stalled transcription bubble (term Rho-dep) BiPON:BiPON_00002751 rho dependancy terminator conformation BiPON:BiPON_00002774 tRNA cytidylyltransferase II BiPON:BiPON_00002776 matrix dependent process BiPON:BiPON_00002778 elementary process BiPON:BiPON_00002781 transcription key element BiPON:BiPON_00002782 transcription regulation key element key element BiPON:BiPON_00002783 gene expression key element BiPON:BiPON_00002784 RNA switch transfert RNA BiPON:BiPON_00002785 RNA switch transfert RNA collection BiPON:BiPON_00002787 tRNA collection BiPON:BiPON_00002790 riboswitch ligand metabolic RNA switch BiPON:BiPON_00002793 RNA polymerase sigma factor for flagellar operon BSU16470 K02405 SigD sigma D sigma factor for chemotaxis and motility genes RNA polymerase sigma-D factor BiPON:BiPON_00002794 BSU15320 SigE early mother cell-specific sporulation sigma factor sigma E RNA polymerase sigma-E factor BiPON:BiPON_00002795 BSU23450 SigF Sigma F early forespore-specific sporulation sigma factor RNA polymerase sigma-F factor BiPON:BiPON_00002796 BSU15330 SigG Sigma-G late forespore-specific sporulation sigma factor RNA polymerase sigma-G factor BiPON:BiPON_00002797 BSU00980 SigH Sigma-H sigma factor that controls genes of the transition phase EC:2.7.7.6 RNA polymerase sigma-H factor BiPON:BiPON_00002798 BSU25760 SigK Sigma-K late mother cell-specific sporulation sigma factor RNA polymerase sigma-K factor BiPON:BiPON_00002799 BSU34200 SigL Sigma-L enhancer-dependent sigma factor (Sigma-54 family) RNA polymerase sigma-L factor BiPON:BiPON_00002800 K03088 RNA polymerase ECF sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00002801 K03091 RNA polymerase sporulation-specific sigma factor BiPON:BiPON_00002802 K03092 RNA polymerase sigma-54 factor family BiPON:BiPON_00002803 BSU18420 YofA BiPON:BiPON_00002804 BSU12510 Xre BiPON:BiPON_00002805 BSU00560 SpoVT BiPON:BiPON_00002806 BSU36420 SpoIIID BiPON:BiPON_00002807 BSU13920 SplA BiPON:BiPON_00002808 BSU34380 SlrR BiPON:BiPON_00002809 BSU26350 SknR BiPON:BiPON_00002810 BSU24610 SinR BiPON:BiPON_00002811 BSU08810 SenS BiPON:BiPON_00002812 BSU09990 ScoC BiPON:BiPON_00002813 BSU14240 Rok BiPON:BiPON_00002814 BSU33660 RghR BiPON:BiPON_00002815 BSU04820 ImmR BiPON:BiPON_00002816 BSU12900 HtrA BiPON:BiPON_00002817 BSU22790 Hbs BiPON:BiPON_00002818 BSU15090 GerR BiPON:BiPON_00002819 BSU28410 GerE BiPON:BiPON_00002820 BSU00010 DnaA BiPON:BiPON_00002821 BSU11310 ComZ BiPON:BiPON_00002822 BSU10420 ComK BiPON:BiPON_00002823 BSU37290 ArfM BiPON:BiPON_00002824 BSU00370 AbrB BiPON:BiPON_00002825 XRE family transcriptional regulator BiPON:BiPON_00002832 SAM riboswitch S-box BiPON:BiPON_00002833 lysine riboswitch L-box BiPON:BiPON_00002834 Adenine riboswitch A-box BiPON:BiPON_00002835 Guanine riboswitch G-box BiPON:BiPON_00002836 TPP riboswitch BiPON:BiPON_00002837 FMN riboswitch BiPON:BiPON_00002838 B12 riboswitch BiPON:BiPON_00002841 transcriptional attenuation key element BiPON:BiPON_00002842 ribosome rescue key element BiPON:BiPON_00002843 clearance or crawling rate sequence reading rate BiPON:BiPON_00002844 sequence reading rate law BiPON:BiPON_00002845 Process that invlove a biomolecular sequence reader (polymerase or ribosome) and a sequence to read or to leave dor the next one. sequence reading process i_tRNA_precursor i_Met-tRNAfMet i_aa_Cys i_H2O i_ATP i_aa_Gly i_10-formyltetrahydrofolic_acid i_UTP i_GTP i_AMP i_charged-tRNA_Lys-tRNA-Lys i_aa_Ala i_just_translated_and_released_peptide i_charged-tRNA_Leu-tRNA-Leu i_charged-tRNA_Met-tRNA-Met i_ADP i_aa_Met i_fMet-tRNAfMet i_GDP i_CTP i_charged-tRNA_Ala-tRNA-Ala i_aa_Ser i_aa_Tyr i_aa_Glu i_PPi i_charged-tRNA_Arg-tRNA-Arg i_aa_Asn i_aa_Asp i_H+ i_Pi i_aa_Ile i_aa_Leu i_aa_Lys i_aa_Pro i_tetrahydrofolic_acid i_aa_Thr i_aa_Val i_aa_His i_aa_Trp i_aa_Phe i_aa_Gln i_aa_Arg i_charged-tRNA_Asp-tRNA-Asn i_charged-tRNA_Cys-tRNA-Cys i_charged-tRNA_Phe-tRNA-Phe i_charged-tRNA_Pro-tRNA-Pro i_charged-tRNA_His-tRNA-His i_charged-tRNA_Gly-tRNA-Gly i_charged-tRNA_Glu-tRNA-Glu i_charged-tRNA_Asp-tRNA-Asp i_charged-tRNA_Trp-tRNA-Trp i_charged-tRNA_Ile-tRNA-Ile i_charged-tRNA_Tyr-tRNA-Tyr i_charged-tRNA_Ser-tRNA-Ser i_charged-tRNA_thr-tRNA-Thr i_charged-tRNA_Val-tRNA-Val i_charged-tRNA_Glu-tRNA-Gln i_charged-tRNA_Gln-tRNA-Gln i_tRNA-Cys i_tRNA-Gln i_tRNA-Leu i_tRNA-Ala i_tRNA-Arg i_tRNA_Asn i_tRNA-Met i_tRNA-Ile i_tRNA-Glu i_tRNA-Gly i_tRNA-Pro i_tRNA-His i_tRNA-Ser i_tRNA-Thr i_tRNA-Trp i_tRNA-Tyr i_tRNA-Val i_tRNA-Phe i_tRNA-Lys i_tRNA-Asp i_charged-tRNA_Asn-tRNA-Asn i_mRNA i_tRNA-fMet i_ppGpp i_Mg2+ i_dbDNA i_peptidyl-tRNA i_tRNA_C i_tRNA_CC p_ribosomal_large_subunit_assembly p_ribosomal_small_subunit_assembly p_RNA_fragment_degradation p_rRNA_processing_23S_rRNA_maturation p_rRNA_endonucleolitytic_processing p_rRNA_processing_5S_rRNA_maturation p_RNA_pol_assembly p_RNApol_promoter_clearance p_transc_PIC_opening p_TSS_selection p_formation_of_translation_initiation_ternary_complex p_tRNA_processing_3p-terminal_CCA_addition p_formation_of_translation_preinitiation_complex p_formation_of_cytoplasmic_translation_initiation_complex i_70S p_translation p_translational_initiation p_translational_elongation p_translational_termination p_ligation_Ala-tRNA-Ala p_ligation_Arg-tRNA-Arg p_ligation_Asn-tRNA-Asn p_ligation_Asp-tRNA-Asp p_ligation_Cys-tRNA-Cys p_ligation_Glu-tRNA-Glu p_ligation_Gln-tRNA-Gln p_ligation_Gly-tRNA-Gly p_ligation_His-tRNA-His p_ligation_Ile-tRNA-Ile p_ligation_Leu-tRNA-Leu p_ligation_Lys-tRNA-Lys p_ligation_Met-tRNA-Met p_ligation_Phe-tRNA-Phe p_ligation_Pro-tRNA-Pro p_ligation_Ser-tRNA-Ser p_ligation_Thr-tRNA-Thr p_ligation_Trp-tRNA-Trp p_ligation_Tyr-tRNA-Tyr p_ligation_Val-tRNA-Val p_tRNA_processing i_50S i_30S p_rRNA_processing_16S_rRNA_maturation p_ribosome_biogenesis i_translation_initiation_ternary_complex p_tRNA_C_adding p_tRNA_CC_adding p_tRNA_CCA_adding p-Asn-tRNAAsn_transamidation p-Gln-tRNAGln_transamidation p_trans-translation_initiation i_translation_initiation_complex i_translation_preinitiation_complex p_RNA_surveillance p_Met-tRNA_fMet-tRNA i_PIC_transc i_degradosome s_TSS s_start_codon s_stop_codon i_6S_RNA i_RBS i_5S i_16S i_23S i_prom_constitutive s_prom_inductible i_30S-IF3_complex i_30S-IF3-IF1_complex i_EF-Ts-GDP i_EF-Ts-GTP p_EF-Ts-GTP_activation p_EF-Ts_EF-TU_GTP_transfer i_EF-G-GDP i_uncharged_translocation_complex i_translocation_complex_charged s_enhancer_operator s_silencer_operator i_operator_silencer_cplx i_operator_enhancer_cplx p_RNA_haipin_unfolding_by_starved_stalled_ribosome p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_peptide_leader i_peptide_leader p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_peptide_leader s_hairpined_peptide_leader_sequence s_unfolded_peptide_leader_sequence p_peptide_leader_attenuation_crawling p_ncRNA_transc_DNA_template_strand_crawling p_RbgA_inactivation i_RbgA-ppGpp p_non-protein-coding_RNA_seq_transcription_elongation p_pRNA_transc p_pRNA_transcription_scrunching p_aa_residues_addition p_promoter_binding_Alt p_TSS_clearance i_tmRNA_CC i_RRF p_tmRNA_CCA_adding i_transc_bubble_mis_added i_ligase_tryptophanyl-tRNA i_EF-Tu-GTP p_backtracking_slight p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_rRNA-like_leader p_p2-30S_assembly p_GTP_hydrolyse_translational_translocation p_translational_termination_complex_dissociation i_transc_bubble-NC_charged p_pre-accomodation_proofreading i_enhancer p_6S_pRNA_hybridisation p_operator_activation i_SSRib_uS2 i_ligase_prolyl-tRNA p_tmRNA–SmpB_formation i_ligase_cysteinyl-tRNA i_LSRib_ul11 i_ligase_phenylalanyl-tRNA p_RNA_decay p_riboswitch_sequence_crawling p_formation_of_inactivatable_translation_preinitiation_complex i_tmRNA_C i_NMP_collection i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-InRescue-EF-G-GTP_complex i_stalled_6S-RNA_transcription_bubble i_LSRib_uL16 p_premature_termination_attenuation_crawling i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-tmRNA_charged i_SpoT i_rho_factor s_tmRNA_stop_codon p_ligation_non-discriminative_aspRNA-Asp i_close_PIC p_paused_ribosome_disassembly i_transc_bubble_mis_charged i_LSRib_ul23 p_43S_assembly i_RF3-GDP i_SSRib_uS7 p_post-accomodation_proofreading i_5prim-Phospho-RNA i_SSRib_uS13 p_6S_RNA_transcription_regulation i_SSRib_uS8 p_transcriptional_attenuation_by_enhancer-protein_binding_site i_oligoribonucleotidase p_transcription_RNA_unit_elongation p_abortive_initiation_escape p_peptide_polymerisation_processing p_EF-G-GTP_recycling i_IF2-ppGpp i_translation_preinitiation_complex_50S-free i_ligase_asparaginyl-tRNA p_elongation_launching p_EF-P_ribosome_remobilization i_transc_bubble-NC_added p_alternative_sigma_holoenzyme_assembly i_ribo_uL5 p_pause_seq_induced_premature_termination i_EndoRNAse_degrasosome p_RNApol_promoter_leave i_IF2-GTP_complex i_P3-50S i_PTH1 p_50S_release_translation_term p_initial_ribosome_translocation p_trans-translation_quaternary_complex_formation p_sigma_factor_HK_release i_hairepin_RBS p_housekeeping_RNApol_holoenzyme_6S_RNA_binding i_sRNA p_ribosomal_subunit_protein_leader_attenuation i_alternative_sigma i_SSRib_uS12 s_nothing_unit i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_T-Box_meca p_RelA_activation i_EF-Tu p_21S_assembly p_L16_activation p_1st_ribonucleotide_addition i_lysyl-tRNA p_formation_of_30S-mRNA_complex i_EF-G i_32S i_stalled_ribosome-RF_complex_trans-translation_termination p_23S_primary_binding_proteins i_RNApol_subunit_alpha s_nc-templated_unit p_Nus_antitermination i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_rRNA-like_meca i_70S-IF1-IF2_preinitition_complex i_putative_hydrolase_I i_translocation_complex_in_translocation i_RNApol_subunit_omega p_alternative_sigma_factor_sequestration p_T-Box_attenuation_crawling i_LSRib_ul1 i_RBS-repressor_protein_complex i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_riboswitch i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-PTH1_complex i_ligase-arginyl-tRNA p_Free_70S_stabilization i_RNaseP p_riboswitch_sequence_translocation i_ligase_glutamyl-tRNA p_50S_subunit_joining p_ArfA_recruitment i_tmRNA-SmpB_complex s_last_antitermination_protein_binding_site_coding_sequence_unit p_ArfA_system_rescue p_translocation_transc_elong_post_RBS i_SSRib_uS5 i_ExoRNAse_degrasosome i_SSRib_bS16 i_primary_bound_23S s_last_ribosomal_RNA_like_leader_coding_sequence_unit p_abortive_elongation p_ligation_non-discriminative_GlutRNA-Gln i_RNApol_holoE_alternative i_ligase_glutaminyl-tRNA p_RF3-GTP_recycling i_prom_repressible i_glutamyl-tRNAGln_amidotransferase p_50S_assembly_completion i_proteins_bound_5S i_RNApol_subunit_beta p_ligation_non-discriminative_aspRNA-Asn i_launched_transcription_bubble i_LSRib_bL19 i_ligase_alanyl-tRNA p_tagged-peptide_release i_ligase_nondiscriminating_glutamyl-tRNA p_start_codon_recognition i_GreA_or_GreB s_pause_codon i_paused_ribosome_NO_GO i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-ArfB_charged i_RbgA p_intit_translocation_transc_elong p_riboswitch_attenuation i_RNApol_subunit_delta p_rRNA-like_attenuation_crawling i_SSRib_uS9 p_5S_ribosomal_large_subunit_assembly p_misincorporation_during_transcription_elongation i_LSRib_bL34 p_bacterial_degradosome_assembly i_SSRib_bS18 i_stalled_ribosome_on_stop_codon_trans-translation_termination i_IF2-GDP_complex i_SSRib_bS20 i_EF-P p_RNA_5prim_decapping i_LSRib_bl20 i_SSRib_uS11 i_EF4 p_NTP_misincorporation_proofreading p_EF-G-GTP_binding_trans-translational_initiation i_RNApol_corE i_IF3 i_Nus_factor i_21S s_last_riboswitch_unit p_completed-peptide_release i_smpB i_premature_NoStop_mRNA p_GTP_hydrolyse_trans-translational_resume i_tmRNA-Ala p_RbgA_activation i_RbgA-L16_cplx i_misNTP i_monocistronic_tRNA i_open_PIC_escaped p_protein-dependent_RBS_repression i_SSRib_bS6 p_ToRead_codon_crawling i_inactivated_translation_preinitiation_complex p_double-stranded_RNA_degradation p_DNA_smoothing_abordive_initiation i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_enhancer_meca i_Rmf i_RNApol_subunit_betap i_trans-translated_tag_polypeptide_chain i_open_PIC_charged s_last_premature_termination_factor_binding_site_coding_sequence_unit p_pause_seq_RNApol_restarting p_NTP_addition_NC_transcription_elongation p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_riboswitch i_LSRib_bL12 p_tRNA_processing_cleavage_involved_in_tRNA_processing i_LSRib_uL22 p_EF-G-GTP_binding i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-tmRNA_Ala_added i_translation_initiation_enhancer_factor i_DNA-templated_abortive_RNA_coding_sequence i_stalled_transc_bubble_DNA_damage p_sigma_factor_alt_release p_tmRNA_aminoacylation iq_transcription_bubble_in_translocation p_RBS-hairepin_unfolding p_RF_class_I_loading i_RbgA-GTP i_translation_termination_complex_classII p_premature_termination_attenuation_translocation i_i_ArfA i_LSRib_bL21 i_stalled_ribosome_NO-STOP i_16S_rRNA_precursor i_30S-tmRNA_terminaison_complex i_RF3-GTP p_transcriptional_attenuation_by_transfer_RNA i_tyrosyl-tRNA i_70S-Rmf_cplx p_quaternary_complex_binding i_valyl-tRNA i_LSRib_uL29 i_EF-G-GTP i_LSRib_ul3 p_codon_clearance_translation_elongation i_nucleoside_polyphosphate_hydrolase i_prom_induced i_LSRib_bL31 i_translation_complex_able_to_load p_peptide_leader_attenuation p_tmRNA_release i_ArfB p_factor-dependent_processive_transcriptional_attenuation i_Helicase i_stalled_ribosome_with_RF p_RelE_sequestration p_spontaneous_ribosome_remobilization p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_premature_factor_dependent i_EF-Ts p_ribosome_A-site_mRNA_cleavage p_stalled_transcription_bubble_class_II_release i_LSRib_uL13 i_SSRib_uS15 p_mis-nucleoside_hydrolysis i_SSRib_uS19 i_abortive_open_PIC_charged i_anti-sigma_sigma_housekeeping_cplx i_transcription_initiator_repressor_factor p_termination_ribosome_translocation p_release_of_tag-polypeptide_chain i_anti-sigma_housekeeping i_LSRib_uL14 i_LSRib_bL32 i_stalled-transc_bubble_misincorporation i_ligase_methionyl-tRNA p_backtracking_strong i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_peptide_leader_meca p_NTP_loading_transcription_nc_elongation i_pRNA i_NTP_collection p_mRNA_transc_DNA_template_strand_crawling_post_RBS i_transc_bubble_AbleToLoad_NC i_RelE p_rRNA_16S_processing_exonucleolitytic i_5S_rRNA_precursor p_tRNA_processing_precursor_isolation i_LSRib_bL28 i_DNA_template_strand p_P3-50S_intermediate_assembly p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_riboswith p_pause_seq_induced_transcription_abording p_T-Box_attenuation_translocation i_methionyl-tRNA_formyltransferase p_DNA_scrunching_abordive_initiation p_tmRNA_C_adding i_LSRib_ul10 i_alternative_sigma-anti-sigma_factor_cplx i_SSRib_uS17 i_prom_repressed i_6S_RNA_bacterial_RNApol_promoter s_intrinsic_terminator p_stalled_transcription_bubble_class_II_rescue p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_T-box p_32S_assembly i_RF1-2 p_enhancer-protein_binding_attenuation_crawling i_double_strand_endonuclease i_proteic_antiterminator i_LSRib_bL25 p_non-protein-coding_RNA_seq_translocation_transc_elong p_ArfB_system_rescue i_ligase_threonyl-tRNA s_CDS_unit p_intrinsic_termination_sequence_unit_crawling i_troncated_peptide_chain p_trans-translation_initiation i_SSRib_uS4 p_trans-translational_termination i_activatable_translocation_complex i_43S i_pre-transc_bubble p_drop-off_ArFB i_EF-Tu-GDP_complex p_ArfB_recruitment i_RNApol_holoE_housekeeping i_tmRNA_precursor p_mRNA-intrinsic_term_release p_drop-off_ArFA p_ribosome_translocation s_transcription_pause_sequence s_coding_codon s_last_peptide_leader_coding_sequence_unit i_ligase_histidyl-tRNA i_LSRib_ul2 i_ligase_aspartyl-tRNA i_transc_bubble_AbleToLoad_CDS i_SSRib_bS1 i_LSRib_bl9 i_ligase_isoleucyl-tRNA i_stalled_transc_bubble_attenuation_premature_factor_dep_meca p_abortive_initiation p_tmRNA_CC_adding i_trans-translation_complex_in_translocation p_Asp-tRNA-Asn_L-glutamine_amido-ligation i_LSRib_ul24 p_aa-tRNA_loading p_rRNA-like_attenuation_translocation p_slow-down_translational_preinitiation p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_protein_enhancer s_last_T-Box_unit i_peptidyl-50S_PTH1_complex i_uncharged_translation_elongation_ternary_complex i_stalled_transc_bubble_Class_II i_abortive_open_PIC_added i_23S_rRNA_precursor p_DNA_unwinding_transcription p_ligation_Met-tRNA-fMet p_ribosome_equilibrium p_inactivated_init_tRNA_anchorage_by_GDP_release p_IF2_release p_RgbA-L16_complexation p_backtrack_translocation i_sigma_housekeeping p_pause_sequence_crawling_translation p_tmRNA–SmpB_complex_activation i_6S_RNA_pRNA_cplx i_DksA p_RF_recruitment i_LSRib_uL30 i_uncharged_ribosome-RelA_cplx i_LSRib_uL6 i_RelB-RelE_cplx p_transcription_pause_sequence_crawling p_PTH1_recruitement p_incomplete_codon_crawling p_DNA_rewinding_transcription p_mis-read-sequence_clearance_transcription_elongation i_SSRib_bS21 p_rRNA_23S_processing_exonucleolitytic i_ligase_seryl-tRNA i_70S-IF2_preinitiation_complex p_last_pRNA_sequence_unit_crawling i_LSRib_bL33 i_open_PIC_addition p_operator_silencing p_premature_peptide_drop-off i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-active_InRescue i_LSRib_ul4 p_mis-NTP_addition_transcription_elongation i_ppGpp_degradation i_abortive_RNA p_rRNA_5S_processing_exonucleolitytic p_trans-translational_termination_complex_dissociation p_housekeeping_sigma_holoenzyme_assembly i_translation_termination_complex_classI s_incomplete_codon i_SSRib_uS10 p_tmRNA_resume_site_clearance i_aspartyl-tRNAAsn_amidotransferase i_enolase p_EF-G_activation i_tmRNA p_NTP_addition_abortive p_mRNA_binding_translational_preinitiation p_RF_classI_loading_trans-translation p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_T-box p_enhancer-protein_binding_attenuation_translocation p_rho_term_release i_RelA i_SSRib_uS14 i_coding_DNA p_promoter_binding_HK p_EF4_ribosome_remobilization i_silencer p_tmRNA_processing_3p-terminal_CCA_addition i_IF2 i_IF1 s_pRNA_coding_sequence p_troncated_peptide_release i_stalled_transc_bubble_intrinsic_term p_housekeeping_sigma_sequestration i_polycistronic-rRNA_precursor p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_premature_termination_factor-dependent i_stalled_transc_bubble_1bp_backtracked p_5S_integration p_mis-NTP_loading_transcription_elongation i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-ArfA-RF2_complex p_translocation_mRNA-transc_elong_intrinsic_term i_ligase_glycyl-tRNA p_init_tRNA_anchorage_by_IF2-GTP_hydrolysis i_trans-translation_quaternary_complex i_RelB i_LSRib_uL15 p_tRNA_processing_exonucleolitytic_trimming i_translation_elongation_ternary_complex i_RBS-sRNA_complex p_nc-template_strand_clearance_transcription_elongation i_RF3 i_LSRib_bL27 i_open_PIC i_ribo_uL18 p_tmRNA-stop_codon_crawling i_activated_translation_preinitiation_complex i_SSRib_uS3 i_LSRib_bL17 p_1st_ribonucleotide_loading p_translational_preinitiation i_backtracked_RNA p_Glu-tRNA-Gln_L-glutamine_amido-ligation i_stalled_ribosome_NoStop-ArfA_charged p_RBS_sequestration_by_sRNA p_pRNA_release p_trans-translation_initiation_accomodation p_ligation_non-discriminative_GlutRNA-Glu p_IF1_release i_paused_transcription_bubble i_ligase_Leucyl-tRNA i_untrimmed_tRNA p_DNA_damaged_crawling_transcription_elongation p_tRNA_processing_endonucleolitytic_cleavage i_ligase_nondiscriminating_aspartyl-tRNA i_premature_ncRNA i_30S-mRNA_preinitiation_complex_at_start_codon i_mRNA_precursor p_stalled_transcription_bubble_release_protein_enhancer p_ppGpp_synthesis i_anti-sigma_alternative p_transcription_attenuation_antitermination_rRNA-like_leader i_polycistronic-tRNA_precursor p_alpha-peptidyl-tRNA_cleavage p_A-site_hiding p_free_30S_fixation p_EF-TU_activation p_formation_of_uncharged_translation_elongation_ternary_complex p_IF2_activation p_IF2_inactivation p_IF2_sequestration p_RF3_activation p_IF3_release p_translation_preinitiation_complexation p_inactivation_of_translation_preinitiation_complex i_30S-mRNA_preinitiation_complex_at_RBS i_moveable_translocation_complex i_30S-mRNA_termination_complex i_translation_termination_complex_classII-GTP i_translation_termination-RFF_complex i_accomodated_translocation_complex p_ribosome_A-site_uncharged_occupation i_stalled_ribosome_by_stop_codon p_stop_codon_read p_tRNA_activation i_inactivated_translation_initiation_ternary_complex i_sequestered_translation_initiation_ternary_complex p_uncharged_stalled_ribosome_rescue p_uncharged_pre-translocation_unit_dissociation i_tRNA_adenylyltransferase i_tRNA_cytidylyltransferase p_EF-Tu-GTP_recycling p_accomodation p_initiator_tRNA_recruitment p_inactivation_of_translation_initiation_ternary_complex p_sequestration_of_translation_initiation_ternary_complex p_initiator_tRNA_inactivation p_initiator_tRNA_sequestration p_RNA_release_translation_termination p_RF_class_I_release p_RF3_binding p_RF3_release i_free_E_translation_termination_complex p_RFF_binding p_uncharged_pretranslocational_ribosome_formation p_release_of_polypeptide_chain p_pRNA_transcription_initiation p_pRNA_elongation p_P3-50S_assembly p_tRNA_release_translational_termination p_mRNA_transcription p_transcription_initiation_alternative p_transcription_preinitiation_alternative p_transcription_initiation_housekeeping p_transcription_preinitiation_housekeeping i_stalled_ribosome p_non-protein-coding_RNA_seq_transcription_production p_protein-coding-part_RNA_seq_transcription_elongation p_protein-coding-part_RNA_seq_transcription_production p_mRNA_production_and_release p_peptide_sequence_production p_peptide_sequence_production_and_release p_trans_translation p_pRNA_unit_elongation p_pRNA_nucleotide_addition i_6S-RNA_transcription_bubble-charged i_6S-RNA_transcription_bubble-added p_NTP_loading_transcription_CDS_elongation p_EF-G_mediated_translocation_activation p_50S_release_trans-translation_term p_tmRNA_ToRead_codon_crawling p_trans-translational_elongation p_tag-peptide_sequence_production p_termination_ribosome_trans-translation_translocation p_no-stop-RAN_leave p_ncRNA-intrinsic_term_release p_ncRNA_production_and_release p_ncRNA_transcription i_single_strand_endonuclease i_exonuclease_RNA-processing p_mRNA_processing p_mRNA_gene_expression p_tRNA_gene_expression p_ribosomal_large_subunit_biogenesis p_ribosomal_small_subunit_biogenesis p_pyrophosphorilytic_editing p_chaperone-mediated_protein_folding i_chaperone i_aa-collection i_tRNA_collection p_mature_RNA_catabolic_process i_mature_transcript_collection s_engaged_coding_codon i_sRNA_mRNA_cplx p_ORF_sequestration_by_sRNA s_CDS_unit_engaged s_nc-templated_unit_engaged p_CDS-template_strand_clearance_transcription_elongation p_translocation_transc_elong_CDS_transition p_translocation_ncRNA-transc_elong_term p_engaged_DNA_damaged_crawling_mRNA_transcription_elongation p_engaged_DNA_damaged_crawling_ncRNA_transcription_elongation p_unvailable_DNA_during_transcription_resolution p_unvailable_DNA_leading_to_transcription_premature_termination i_paused_ribosome_road-block p_block-road_resolution p_unavailable_codon_crawling i_mis-NMP_collection p_tRNA-pool_activation p_aa-tRNA_collect p_NTP-pool_loading_transcription_nc_elongation p_NTP-pool_loading_transcription_CDS_elongation p_NTP_collect p_elong-tRNA_scattering p_tRNA_scaterring i_elongator_tRNA_collection i_elongator_aa-tRNA_collection p_tRNA_collect p_charged_aminoacyl_tRNA_recruitment p_ribosome_dissociation_translation-termination p_ribosome_dissociation_transtranslation-termination p_Free_70S_sequectration p_charged_aminoacyl_tRNA_recruitment_during_trans-translation i_primary_transcript_collection p_nc-primary_transcript_scattering p_NTP_addition_CDS_transcription_elongation i_transc_bubble-CDS_charged i_transc_bubble-CDS_added p_rho_term_conformation i_stalled_transc_bubble_Rho-dep_term s_Rho_dep_terminator i_tRNA_cytidylyltransferase-II i_RNA_switch_tRNA i_adenine i_vitamin_B-12 i_FMN i_guanine i_SAM i_TPP BiPON 1. Copyright of ontology The ontology was created jointly by the BioSys group at the research unit of Applied mathematics and computer science from genomes to the environment (MaIAGE) of the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) France and by the group Bioinformatics of the Laboratoire de recherche en informatique (LRI) of the Université Paris-Sud/CNRS, France. INRA and Université Paris-Sud own the copyright of the ontology BiPON. 2. License terms The ontology BiPON is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA. 3. Notice This product contains references to classes of the Gene Ontology (GO) (http://geneontology.org/) developed by the Gene Ontology consortium, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This product contains references to classes of the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/init.do) developed by the ChEBI consortium. This product contains references to classes of the Sequence Ontology (SO) (http://www.sequenceontology.org/) developed by the SO consortium and are freely reusable. This product contains references to classes of the Systems Biology Ontology (SBO) (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/sbo/main/) developed by the SBO consortium, licensed under the terms of Artistic License 2.0 (https://opensource.org/licenses/artistic-license-2.0.php). This product contains references to properties of the Relation Ontology (RO) (http://www.obofoundry.org/ontology/ro.html) developed by the OBO foundry, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). This product contains references to properties of the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) (http://ifomis.uni-saarland.de/bfo/) developed by the BFO consortium, licensed under the terms Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). 4. Contact For questions and remarks concerning BiPON: Anne Goelzer Anne.Goelzer@inra.fr