en Camille Maumet (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-553X) Chris Mungall (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165) Contributors are those that engage in discussions in the context of SIO (in alphabetical order): sivaram arabandi christopher baker joachim baran jerven bolleman matthew brush alison callahan leonid chepelev kevin cohen melanie courtot geraint duck laura furlong elisa kendall tatsuya kushida luke mccarthy jim mccusker jose miguel cruz-toledo chris mungall robert hoehndorf simon jupp jin-dong kim dana klassen thomas luetteke james malone chris mungall david osumi-sutherland tazro ohta nuria queralt stephen reed alexandre riazanov matthias samwald robert stevens mark wilkinson karin verspoor natalia villanueva-rosales Hanna Cwiek (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9113-567X) Nolan Nichols (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-3328) Thomas Nichols (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-5103) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-8262) Michel Dumontier Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-5668) An ontology of cell types. STATO is the statistical methods ontology. It contains concepts and properties related to statistical methods, probability distributions and other concepts related to statistical analysis, including relationships to study designs and plots. sio.owl This Ontology is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License Statistical Method, Design of Experiment, Plots, Statistical Model Cell Ontology STATO: the statistical methods ontology Dave Beckett Nikki Rogers Participants in W3C's Semantic Web Deployment Working Group. Alistair Miles Russell Poldrack, poldrack@gmail.com Sean Bechhofer http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-9435 An RDF vocabulary for describing the basic structure and content of concept schemes such as thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading lists, taxonomies, 'folksonomies', other types of controlled vocabulary, and also concept schemes embedded in glossaries and terminologies. The semanticscience integrated ontology (SIO) provides a simple, integrated ontology (types, relations) for objects, processes and their attributes. This project provides foundational support for the Bio2RDF (http://bio2rdf.org) and SADI (http://sadiframework.org) projects. website: http://semanticscience.org email: sio-ontology@googlegroups.com mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/sio-ontology 2010-03-29 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ 2023-03-26 free to use,share,modify. modify with attribution [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/]. SKOS Vocabulary Semanticscience Integrated Ontology (SIO) http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/5/1/14 sio http://semanticscience.org/resource/ general class inclusion axioms: 'is part of' some 'physical entity' subClassOf 'is located in' some 'physical entity' role chains: 'has capability' o 'is realized in' -> 'is participant in' http://hadatac.org/ont/hasco/ https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues http://stato-ontology.org/ stat-ontology@googlegroups.com --RGD OBO FILE GENERATOR -- build 2023-05-30 -- 09:03:2024 20:13 clinical_measurement_ontology 1.2 jrsmith A vocabulary to annotate RDF schemas (in particular SHACL shapes) with metadata to define mappings to GraphQL. Children's health and wellbeing are influenced by interactions between environmental and genetic factors. NIEHS is establishing an infrastructure, the Children's Health Exposure Analysis Resource (CHEAR), to provide the extramural research community access to laboratory and data analyses that add or expand the inclusion of environmental exposures in children's health research. The goal of CHEAR is to provide tools so researchers can assess the full range of environmental exposures which may affect children's health. We anticipate that CHEAR will be used by children's health researchers conducting epidemiological or clinical studies that currently have limited consideration of environmental exposures, or those who have collected exposure data but seek more extensive analyses. Read more at: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/exposure/chear/ DASH is a SHACL library for frequently needed features and design patterns. The constraint components in this library are 100% standards compliant and will work on any engine that fully supports SHACL. See PMID:15693950, PMID:12799354, PMID:20123131, PMID:21208450; Contact Alexander Diehl, addiehl@buffalo.edu, University at Buffalo. The Cognitive Atlas is a collaborative knowledge building project that aims to develop an ontology that characterizes the state of current thought in cognitive science. It defines a set of mental concepts along with a set of mental tasks, and the measurement relations between those classes. This vocabulary defines terms used in SHACL, the W3C Shapes Constraint Language. Cognitive Atlas Ontology DASH Data Shapes Vocabulary GraphQL Vocabulary HASCO Ontology v1.1 RC W3C Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) Vocabulary http://sio.semanticscience.org 1.59 2023-05-25 2024-02-13 RC1.4 Links a node shape with the roles for which it shall be used as default view. User interfaces can use these values to select how to present a given RDF resource. The values of this property are URIs representing a group of users or agents. There is a dedicated URI dash:all representing all users. default view for role Used as a hint for user interfaces that values of the associated property should not be editable. The values of this may be the boolean literals true or false or, more generally, a SHACL node expression that must evaluate to true or false. read only shape script Can be used to link a suggestion with the group identifier to which it belongs. By default this is a link to the dash:SuggestionGenerator, but in principle this could be any value. suggestion protege#defaultLanguage Relates an entity in the ontology to the name of the variable that is used to represent it in the code that generates the BFO OWL file from the lispy specification. Really of interest to developers only BFO OWL specification label Relates an entity in the ontology to the term that is used to represent it in the the CLIF specification of BFO2 Person:Alan Ruttenberg Really of interest to developers only BFO CLIF specification label editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label The concise, meaningful, and human-friendly name for a class or property preferred by the ontology developers. (US-English) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> editor preferred label editor preferred label editor preferred term editor preferred term editor preferred term~editor preferred label example A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> example of usage has curation status PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bill Bug PERSON:Melanie Courtot OBI_0000281 has curation status definition definition textual definition The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. 2012-04-05: Barry Smith The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible. Can you fix to something like: A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property. Alan Ruttenberg Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria. On the specifics of the proposed definition: We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition. Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable. We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition definition textual definition editor note An administrative note intended for its editor. It may not be included in the publication version of the ontology, so it should contain nothing necessary for end users to understand the ontology. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obfoundry.org/obo/obi> GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obofoundry.org/obo/obi> IAO:0000116 uberon editor_note true editor_note editor note editor note term editor Name of editor entering the term in the file. The term editor is a point of contact for information regarding the term. The term editor may be, but is not always, the author of the definition, which may have been worked upon by several people 20110707, MC: label update to term editor and definition modified accordingly. See https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/115. PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> term editor alternative term An alternative name for a class or property which means the same thing as the preferred name (semantically equivalent) PERSON:Daniel Schober GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> alternative term definition source formal citation, e.g. identifier in external database to indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. Free text indicate / attribute source(s) for the definition. EXAMPLE: Author Name, URI, MeSH Term C04, PUBMED ID, Wiki uri on 31.01.2007 PERSON:Daniel Schober Discussion on obo-discuss mailing-list, see http://bit.ly/hgm99w GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> definition source has obsolescence reason Relates an annotation property to an obsolescence reason. The values of obsolescence reasons come from a list of predefined terms, instances of the class obsolescence reason specification. PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot has obsolescence reason curator note An administrative note of use for a curator but of no use for a user PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg curator note term tracker item term tracker item the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/ the URI for an OBI Terms ticket at sourceforge, such as https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/772/ An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term. An IRI or similar locator for a request or discussion of an ontology term. Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg Person: Jie Zheng, Chris Stoeckert, Alan Ruttenberg IAO:0000233 external uberon term_tracker_item true true term_tracker_item The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term. The 'tracker item' can associate a tracker with a specific ontology term. term tracker item term tracker item imported from For external terms/classes, the ontology from which the term was imported PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> imported from expand expression to ObjectProperty: RO_0002104 Label: has plasma membrane part Annotations: IAO_0000424 "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some (http://purl.org/obo/owl/GO#GO_0005886 and http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 some ?Y)" A macro expansion tag applied to an object property (or possibly a data property) which can be used by a macro-expansion engine to generate more complex expressions from simpler ones Chris Mungall expand expression to expand expression to OBO foundry unique label An alternative name for a class or property which is unique across the OBO Foundry. The intended usage of that property is as follow: OBO foundry unique labels are automatically generated based on regular expressions provided by each ontology, so that SO could specify unique label = 'sequence ' + [label], etc. , MA could specify 'mouse + [label]' etc. Upon importing terms, ontology developers can choose to use the 'OBO foundry unique label' for an imported term or not. The same applies to tools . PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters PERSON:Chris Mungall PERSON:Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBO Foundry <http://obofoundry.org/> OBO foundry unique label elucidation person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Barry Smith Primitive terms in a highest-level ontology such as BFO are terms which are so basic to our understanding of reality that there is no way of defining them in a non-circular fashion. For these, therefore, we can provide only elucidations, supplemented by examples and by axioms elucidation has associated axiom(nl) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom associated with a term expressed using natural language has associated axiom(nl) has associated axiom(fol) Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg An axiom expressed in first order logic using CLIF syntax has associated axiom(fol) has ontology root term Ontology annotation property. Relates an ontology to a term that is a designated root term of the ontology. Display tools like OLS can use terms annotated with this property as the starting point for rendering the ontology class hierarchy. There can be more than one root. Nicolas Matentzoglu IAO:0000700 external uberon has_ontology_root_term true true has_ontology_root_term has ontology root term has ontology root term preferred_root term replaced by Use on obsolete terms, relating the term to another term that can be used as a substitute Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Alan Ruttenberg Add as annotation triples in the granting ontology term replaced by term replaced by ISA alternative term An alternative term used by the ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org). Requested by Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3603413&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Person: Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra ISA tools project (http://isa-tools.org) ISA alternative term IEDB alternative term An alternative term used by the IEDB. PERSON:Randi Vita, Jason Greenbaum, Bjoern Peters IEDB IEDB alternative term CHEBI:26523 (reactive oxygen species) has an exact synonym (ROS), which is of type OMO:0003000 (abbreviation) A synonym type for describing abbreviations or initalisms 2023-03-03 abbreviation CHEBI:23367 (molecular entity) has an exact synonym (molecular entities), which is of the type OMO:0003004 (plural form) A synonym type for describing pluralization synonyms 2023-03-03 plural form temporal interpretation https://github.com/oborel/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime tooth SubClassOf 'never in taxon' value 'Aves' S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T. x never in taxon T if and only if T is a class, and x does not instantiate the class expression "in taxon some T". Note that this is a shortcut relation, and should be used as a hasValue restriction in OWL. Class: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#Nothing> EquivalentTo: ?X and (RO_0002162 some ?Y) Class: ?X DisjointWith: RO_0002162 some ?Y PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> PREFIX in_taxon: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162> PREFIX never_in_taxon: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002161> CONSTRUCT { in_taxon: a owl:ObjectProperty . ?x owl:disjointWith [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty in_taxon: ; owl:someValuesFrom ?taxon ] . ?x rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty in_taxon: ; owl:someValuesFrom [ a owl:Class ; owl:complementOf ?taxon ] ] . } WHERE { ?x never_in_taxon: ?taxon . } RO:0002161 uberon never_in_taxon true true never_in_taxon never in taxon never_in_taxon S never_in_taxon T iff: S SubClassOf in_taxon only not T. PMID:20973947 S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S. PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> PREFIX in_taxon: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162> PREFIX present_in_taxon: <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002175> CONSTRUCT { in_taxon: a owl:ObjectProperty . ?witness rdfs:label ?label . ?witness rdfs:subClassOf ?x . ?witness rdfs:subClassOf [ a owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty in_taxon: ; owl:someValuesFrom ?taxon ] . } WHERE { ?x present_in_taxon: ?taxon . BIND(IRI(CONCAT( "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002175#", MD5(STR(?x)), "-", MD5(STR(?taxon)) )) as ?witness) BIND(CONCAT(STR(?x), " in taxon ", STR(?taxon)) AS ?label) } RO:0002175 applicable for taxon uberon present_in_taxon true true present_in_taxon The SPARQL expansion for this relation introduces new named classes into the ontology. For this reason it is likely that the expansion should only be performed during a QC pipeline; the expanded output should usually not be included in a published version of the ontology. present in taxon present_in_taxon S present_in_taxon T if some instance of T has some S. This does not means that all instances of T have an S - it may only be certain life stages or sexes that have S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165 2018-03-14T00:03:24Z is negative form of an alternative term used for STATO statistical ontology and ISA team Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO alternative term a R command syntax or link to a R documentation in support of Statistical Ontology Classes or Data Transformations Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra R command an annotation property to provide a canonical command to invoke a method implementation using Python programming language Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Python command the most common series or system of written mathematical symbols used to represent the entity AGB preferred mathematical notation 2023-03-31T09:17:34Z a subset of general classes related to blood and the immune system, primarily of hematopoietic origin blood_and_immune_upper_slim a subset of general classes related to specific cell types in the eye. eye_upper_slim a subset of general classes of cell types in the cell ontology. general_cell_types_upper_slim 2023-11-22T11:18:57Z a subset of general classes related to specific cell types in the kidney kidney_upper_slim preferred term when talking about an instance of this class in Homo sapiens latin term plural term a mis-spelling that is in common use and thus recorded abstract upper-level terms not directly useful for analysis Examples of a Contributor include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity. contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. Contributor Contributor Examples of a Creator include a person, an organisation, or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should be used to indicate the entity. creator http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator uberon dc-creator true dc-creator An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource. Creator Creator creator Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or availability of the resource. Recommended best practice for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF] and follows the YYYY-MM-DD format. A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource. Date Date Description may include but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. description http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/description uberon dc-description true dc-description An account of the content of the resource. Description Description description Typically, Format may include the media-type or dimensions of the resource. Format may be used to determine the software, hardware or other equipment needed to display or operate the resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media Types [MIME] defining computer media formats). The physical or digital manifestation of the resource. Format Format The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to reference the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. Source Source Typically, a Subject will be expressed as keywords, key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal classification scheme. The topic of the content of the resource. Subject and Keywords Subject and Keywords http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title uberon dc-title true dc-title title alternative contributor http://purl.org/dc/terms/contributor uberon dc-contributor true dc-contributor contributor creator http://purl.org/dc/terms/date uberon dcterms-date true dcterms-date date description issued Mark Miller 2018-05-11T13:47:29Z license http://purl.org/dc/terms/license uberon dcterms-license true dcterms-license license modified rights title citesAsAuthority preferredNamespacePrefix preferredNamespaceUri comment broaderThan equivalentTo example hasSynonym similarTo subset subset_property synonym_type_property consider created by creation date has_alternative_id An alternative label for a class or property which has a more general meaning than the preferred name/primary label. https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18 has broad synonym has_broad_synonym https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/18 database_cross_reference An alternative label for a class or property which has the exact same meaning than the preferred name/primary label. https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20 has exact synonym has_exact_synonym https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/20 An alternative label for a class or property which has a more specific meaning than the preferred name/primary label. https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19 has narrow synonym has_narrow_synonym https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/19 has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace An alternative label for a class or property that has been used synonymously with the primary term name, but the usage is not strictly correct. https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21 has related synonym has_related_synonym https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/ontology-metadata/issues/21 has_synonym_type id in_subset shorthand label label http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso uberon seeAlso true seeAlso see also The range of skos:altLabel is the class of RDF plain literals. skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties. alternative label An alternative lexical label for a resource. Acronyms, abbreviations, spelling variants, and irregular plural/singular forms may be included among the alternative labels for a concept. Mis-spelled terms are normally included as hidden labels (see skos:hiddenLabel). change note A note about a modification to a concept. definition A statement or formal explanation of the meaning of a concept. editorial note A note for an editor, translator or maintainer of the vocabulary. core#example example An example of the use of a concept. The range of skos:hiddenLabel is the class of RDF plain literals. skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties. hidden label A lexical label for a resource that should be hidden when generating visual displays of the resource, but should still be accessible to free text search operations. history note A note about the past state/use/meaning of a concept. note A general note, for any purpose. This property may be used directly, or as a super-property for more specific note types. A resource has no more than one value of skos:prefLabel per language tag, and no more than one value of skos:prefLabel without language tag. The range of skos:prefLabel is the class of RDF plain literals. skos:prefLabel, skos:altLabel and skos:hiddenLabel are pairwise disjoint properties. preferred label The preferred lexical label for a resource, in a given language. scope note A note that helps to clarify the meaning and/or the use of a concept. The (default) values of the annotation property. annotation value A default value for a property, for example for user interface tools to pre-populate input fields. default value Human-readable descriptions for the property in the context of the surrounding shape. description The focus node that was validated when the result was produced. focus node Outlines how human-readable labels of instances of the associated Parameterizable shall be produced. The values can contain {?paramName} as placeholders for the actual values of the given parameter. label template Human-readable labels for the property in the context of the surrounding shape. name An expression producing the nodes that shall be inferred as objects. object An expression producing the properties that shall be inferred as predicates. predicate Human-readable messages explaining the cause of the result. result message The constraint that was validated when the result was produced. source constraint An expression producing the resources that shall be inferred as subjects. subject Links a shape to individual nodes, indicating that these nodes must conform to the shape. target node An RDF node that has caused the result. value http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/depiction uberon depiction true depiction depiction homepage Links an Action with the ActionGroup that it should be arranged in. action group May link a dash:GraphUpdate with one or more triples (represented as instances of rdf:Statement) that should be added to fix the source of the result. added triple Defines how and whether the associated feature is part of an external API. APIs may be implemented as (REST) web services, via GraphQL or ADS Script APIs. API status Can be used to state that a shape is applicable to instances of a given class. This is a softer statement than "target class": a target means that all instances of the class must conform to the shape. Being applicable to simply means that the shape may apply to (some) instances of the class. This information can be used by algorithms or humans. applicable to class May link a dash:GraphUpdate result with one or more triples (represented as instances of rdf:Statement) that should be deleted to fix the source of the result. deleted triple Can be used in dash:js node expressions to enumerate the predicates that the computation of the values may depend on. This can be used by clients to determine whether an edit requires re-computation of values on a form or elsewhere. For example, if the dash:js is something like "focusNode.firstName + focusNode.lastName" then the dependency predicates should be ex:firstName and ex:lastName. dependency predicate Can be used to link a property shape with an editor, to state a preferred editing widget in user interfaces. editor Links the constraint component with instances of dash:SuggestionGenerator that may be used to produce suggestions for a given validation result that was produced by a property constraint. property suggestion generator Links a class with the Resource Actions that can be applied to instances of that class. resource action States that a subject resource has a given shape. This property can, for example, be used to capture results of SHACL validation on static data. shape Can be used to link a result with one or more suggestions on how to address or improve the underlying issue. suggestion Links a sh:SPARQLConstraint or sh:JSConstraint with instances of dash:SuggestionGenerator that may be used to produce suggestions for a given validation result that was produced by the constraint. suggestion generator Can be used to link a property shape with a viewer, to state a preferred viewing widget in user interfaces. viewer Relation Term not in HASCO v1.0 has action has agent Term not in HASCO v1.0 has attribute Term not in HASCO v1.0 has attribute reference has class Term not in HASCO v1.0 has concern has context has data set has deployment Term not in HASCO v1.0 has entity Term not in HASCO v1.0 has event Term not in HASCO v1.0 has first coordinate characteristic has first coordinate unit has institution Term not in HASCO v1.0 has maker has media has object scope Term not in HASCO v1.0 has operating temperature unit has perspective characteristic has possible value has reference has response time unit has role Term not in HASCO v1.0 has schema Term not in HASCO v1.0 has scope Term not in HASCO v1.0 has second coordinate characteristic has second coordinate unit has source Term not in HASCO v1.0 has step has study object type Term not in HASCO v1.0 has third coordinate characteristic has third coordinate unit has time object scope Term not in HASCO v1.0 has time scope Term not in HASCO v1.0 has timed route has unit Term not in HASCO v1.0 has virtual column Term not in HASCO v1.0 has X unit has Y unit has Z unit is attribute of Term not in HASCO v1.0 is attribute reference of is data acquisition of Term not in HASCO v1.0 is data set of is group member is matching member is member of Term not in HASCO v1.0 is possible value of matches other for Term not in HASCO v1.0 part of schema Term not in HASCO v1.0 recorded in support project unknown entity Term not in HASCO v1.0 has measured characteristic Some detectors are permanently attached to an intrument. This property documents the intrument model that a detector is permanently attached. is part of my brain is part of my body (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach cavity is part of my stomach (continuant parthood, immaterial entity is part of material entity) this day is part of this year (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a part and its whole Everything is part of itself. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot be part of each other. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/ Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent can be part of an occurrent; only a process can be part of a process; only a continuant can be part of a continuant; only an independent continuant can be part of an independent continuant; only an immaterial entity can be part of an immaterial entity; only a specifically dependent continuant can be part of a specifically dependent continuant; only a generically dependent continuant can be part of a generically dependent continuant. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot be part of an occurrent: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot be part of a continuant: use 'has participant'. A material entity cannot be part of an immaterial entity: use 'has location'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot be part of an independent continuant: use 'inheres in'. An independent continuant cannot be part of a specifically dependent continuant: use 'bearer of'. part_of BFO:0000050 external quality uberon part_of part_of part of part of part_of http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:part_of https://wiki.geneontology.org/Part_of has measurement unit label m is a quality measurement of q at t when q is a quality there is a measurement process p that has specified output m, a measurement datum, that is about q 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: The strategy is to be rather specific with this relationship. There are other kinds of measurements that are not of qualities, such as those that measure time. We will add these as separate properties for the moment and see about generalizing later From the second IAO workshop [Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009: not completely current, though bringing in comparison is probably important] This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details. -- From the second IAO workshop, various comments, [commented on by Alan Ruttenberg 8/6/2009] unit of measure is a quality, e.g. the length of a ruler. [We decided to hedge on what units of measure are, instead talking about measurement unit labels, which are the information content entities that are about whatever measurement units are. For IAO we need that information entity in any case. See the term measurement unit label] [Some struggling with the various subflavors of is_about. We subsequently removed the relation represents, and describes until and only when we have a better theory] a represents b means either a denotes b or a describes describe: a describes b means a is about b and a allows an inference of at least one quality of b We have had a long discussion about denotes versus describes. From the second IAO workshop: An attempt at tieing the quality to the measurement datum more carefully. a is a magnitude means a is a determinate quality particular inhering in some bearer b existing at a time t that can be represented/denoted by an information content entity e that has parts denoting a unit of measure, a number, and b. The unit of measure is an instance of the determinable quality. From the second meeting on IAO: An attempt at defining assay using Barry's "reliability" wording assay: process and has_input some material entity and has_output some information content entity and which is such that instances of this process type reliably generate outputs that describes the input. This one is the one we are struggling with at the moment. The issue is what a measurement measures. On the one hand saying that it measures the quality would include it "measuring" the bearer = referring to the bearer in the measurement. However this makes comparisons of two different things not possible. On the other hand not having it inhere in the bearer, on the face of it, breaks the audit trail. Werner suggests a solution based on "Magnitudes" a proposal for which we are awaiting details. Alan Ruttenberg is quality measurement of relating a cartesian spatial coordinate datum to a unit label that together with the values represent a point has coordinate unit label relates a process to a time-measurement-datum that represents the duration of the process Person:Alan Ruttenberg is duration of inverse of the relation of is quality measurement of 2009/10/19 Alan Ruttenberg. Named 'junk' relation useful in restrictions, but not a real instance relationship Person:Alan Ruttenberg is quality measured as relates a time stamped measurement datum to the time measurement datum that denotes the time when the measurement was taken Alan Ruttenberg has time stamp relates a time stamped measurement datum to the measurement datum that was measured Alan Ruttenberg has measurement datum is_proxy_for position on a gel is_proxy_for mass and charge of molecule in an western blot. Florescent intensity is_proxy_for amount of protein labeled with GFP. Examples: A260/A280 (of a DNA sample) is_proxy_for DNA-purity. NMR Sample scan is a proxy for sample quality. Within the assay mentioned here: https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay level of radioactivity is_proxy_for level of toxicity A relation between continuant instances c1 and c2 where within an experiment/ protocol application, measurement of c1 is used to determine what a measurement of c2 would be. A relation between continuant instances c1 and c2 where within a protocol application, measurement of c1 is related to a what would be the measurement of c2. (another definition) Alan Ruttenberg is_proxy_for objective_achieved_by This relation obtains between a a objective specification and a planned process when the criteria specified in the objective specification are met at the end of the planned process. OBI OBI objective_achieved_by is member of organization Relating a legal person or organization to an organization in the case where the legal person or organization has a role as member of the organization. 2009/10/01 Alan Ruttenberg. Barry prefers generic is-member-of. Question of what the range should be. For now organization. Is organization a population? Would the same relation be used to record members of a population JZ: Discussed on May 7, 2012 OBI dev call. Bjoern points out that we need to allow for organizations to be members of organizations. And agreed by the other OBI developers. So, human and organization were specified in 'Domains'. The textual definition was updated based on it. Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Helen Parkinson Person:Alan Ruttenberg Person:Helen Parkinson 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case is member of organization has organization member Relating an organization to a legal person or organization. See tracker: https://sourceforge.net/tracker/index.php?func=detail&aid=3512902&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Person: Jie Zheng has organization member specifies value of A relation between a value specification and an entity which the specification is about. specifies value of bearer of this apple is bearer of this red color this vase is bearer of this fragility a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many dependents, and its dependents can exist for different periods of time, but none of its dependents can exist when the bearer does not exist. bearer_of is bearer of bearer of participates in this blood clot participates in this blood coagulation this input material (or this output material) participates in this process this investigator participates in this investigation a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process participates_in participates in A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The journal article (a generically dependent continuant) is concretized as the quality (a specifically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant). An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process). A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants. is concretized as A journal article is an information artifact that inheres in some number of printed journals. For each copy of the printed journal there is some quality that carries the journal article, such as a pattern of ink. The quality (a specifically dependent continuant) concretizes the journal article (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on that copy of the printed journal (an independent continuant). An investigator reads a protocol and forms a plan to carry out an assay. The plan is a realizable entity (a specifically dependent continuant) that concretizes the protocol (a generically dependent continuant), and both depend on the investigator (an independent continuant). The plan is then realized by the assay (a process). A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant. concretizes this red color is a quality of this apple a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A quality inheres in its bearer at all times for which the quality exists. is quality of quality_of quality of this apple has quality this red color a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many qualities, and its qualities can exist for different periods of time, but none of its qualities can exist when the bearer does not exist. has_quality has quality this person has role this investigator role (more colloquially: this person has this role of investigator) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many roles, and its roles can exist for different periods of time, but none of its roles can exist when the bearer does not exist. A role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. has_role has role this parent cell derives into this cell (cell division) this parent nucleus derives into this nucleus (nuclear division) a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops into'. To avoid making statements about a future that may not come to pass, it is often better to use the backward-looking 'derives from' rather than the forward-looking 'derives into'. derives_into derives into is location of my head is the location of my brain this cage is the location of this rat a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime location_of location of located in my brain is located in my head this rat is located in this cage a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location Location as a relation between instances: The primitive instance-level relation c located_in r at t reflects the fact that each continuant is at any given time associated with exactly one spatial region, namely its exact location. Following we can use this relation to define a further instance-level location relation - not between a continuant and the region which it exactly occupies, but rather between one continuant and another. c is located in c1, in this sense, whenever the spatial region occupied by c is part_of the spatial region occupied by c1. Note that this relation comprehends both the relation of exact location between one continuant and another which obtains when r and r1 are identical (for example, when a portion of fluid exactly fills a cavity), as well as those sorts of inexact location relations which obtain, for example, between brain and head or between ovum and uterus Most location relations will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime located_in http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:located_in located in x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y RO:0002202 uberon develops_from develops_from This is the transitive form of the develops from relation develops from develops from move to BFO? Allen A relation that holds between two occurrents. This is a grouping relation that collects together all the Allen relations. temporal relation This is the inverse of 'specifies value of' and it is intended to say things such as 'compound' 'assumes values specified by' 'independent variable specification' A relation between an entity and a value specification, where the value specification is about the entity. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB assumes values specified by relationship between an element and a set it belongs to Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB is member of relationship between a set and one of its elements Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB has member has fixed effect on has interaction effect on has random effect on clinical_measurement_ontology part_of part_of SIO_000001 A is related to B iff there is some relation between A and B. 'is related to' is the top level relation in SIO core relations+ is related to SIO_000008 has attribute is a relation that associates a entity with an attribute where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type. core has attribute SIO_000011 is attribute of is a relation that associates an attribute with an entity where an attribute is an intrinsic characteristic such as a quality, capability, disposition, function, or is an externally derived attribute determined from some descriptor (e.g. a quantity, position, label/identifier) either directly or indirectly through generalization of entities of the same type. is attribute of SIO_000020 denotes is a relation between an entity and what it is a sign or indication of, or what specifically means. denotes the symbol '%' denotes a proportion in relation to a whole. SIO_000028 has part is a transitive, reflexive and antisymmetric relation between a whole and itself or a whole and its part. has part a collection of cars has as a car as a part;a car has an engine as a part; a car has a piston as a part; SIO_000029 is time boundary of SIO_000053 has proper part is an antisymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a whole and a distinct part. has proper part a car has an engine as a proper part; a car has a piston as a proper part; SIO_000054 has boundary is a mereological relation between a whole and boundary located at its periphery. has boundary the surface of an apple is a 2D boundary of the apple. SIO_000059 has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. core has member a collection of cars has as a car as a member SIO_000060 is denoted by SIO_000061 A is located in B iff the spatialtemporial region occupied by A is part of the spatialtemporal region occupied by B. [T][R] OBO_REL:located_in core is located in A parasite in the interior of a person's intestine is located in their intestinal lumen. SIO_000062 is participant in is a relation that describes the participation of the subject in the (processual) object. is participant in a car is a participant in a car race; glucose is a participant in glycolysis SIO_000063 is agent in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present throughout the process, no permanent material change occurs, and is a causal participant in the process. sadi is agent in hexokinase is an agent in the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate SIO_000064 is provider of is a relation between a source and the entity it makes available. is provider of SIO_000066 is provided by is a relation between an entity and the entity that provides it. dc:source has provider SIO_000068 is part of is a transitive, reflexive and anti-symmetric mereological relation between a whole and itself or a part and its whole. OBO_REL:part_of core is part of SIO_000093 is proper part of is an asymmetric, irreflexive (normally transitive) relation between a part and its distinct whole. OBO_REL:proper_part_of core is proper part of SIO_000095 is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. is member of SIO_000096 is boundary of is a mereological relation between a boundary located at the periphery of a whole. is boundary of SIO_000128 A is contained in B iff the spatial region occupied by A is part of the spatial region occupied by B and A is not part of B. [T] OBO_REL:contained_in core is contained in SIO_000132 has participant is a relation that describes the participation of the object in the (processual) subject. OBO_REL:has_participant core has participant SIO_000139 has agent is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present throughout the process and is a causal participant in the process. OBO_REL:has_agent core sadi has agent SIO_000145 A is location of B iff the spatialtemporal region occupied by A has the spatialtemporal region occupied by B as a part. [T][R] nlp+ is location of SIO_000202 A contains B iff the spatial region occupied by A has the spatial region occupied by B as a part, and B is not part of A. [T] contains SIO_000203 interacts with A is connected to B iff there exists a fiat, material or temporal path between A and B. [S][T] core nlp is connected to SIO_000204 A is adjacent to B iff there is a small, but non-zero distance between A and B OBO_REL:adjacent_to core nlp is adjacent to SIO_000205 is represented by: a relation between an entity and some symbol. is represented by SIO_000206 is supported by is a relation between a proposition and something that supports the truth of the assertion. is supported by SIO_000207 has disputing evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that disputes (does not directly support) the truth of the assertion. is disputed by SIO_000208 is supporting evidence for SIO_000209 is disputing evidence for SIO_000210 a represents b when a serves as a sign, symbol or model of b. core represents SIO_000211 is positionally after is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically greater than the projection of the position of the second entity. is positionally after SIO_000212 A is referred to by B iff B is an informational entity that makes reference to A. is referred to by SIO_000213 A has concretization B iff A is an informational entity and B is the a quality of some material entity. has concretization SIO_000214 A is concretization of B iff A is a quality of a material entity and B is an informational entity. is concretization of SIO_000215 is measurement value of is a relation between a value and the entity that it is a measurement of. is measurement value of SIO_000216 has measurement value is a relation between a quality/realizable and a measurement value. core has measurement value SIO_000217 has quality is a relation between an entity and the quality that it bears. has quality SIO_000218 is quality of is a relation between a quality and the entity that it is a property of. is quality of SIO_000219 is source of is a relation between a source of information about some entity. is source of SIO_000221 has unit is a relation between a quantity and the unit it is a multiple of. core has unit SIO_000222 is unit of is a relation between a unit and a quantity that it is a multiple of. is unit of SIO_000223 has property is a relation between an entity and the quality, capability or role that it and it alone bears. has property michel's hair has the quality of being brown in colour. SIO_000224 is property of is a relation betweena quality, capability or role and the entity that it and it alone bears. is property of SIO_000225 has function is the relation between an entity and a function that is ascribed to it. has function SIO_000226 is function of is a relation between a function and an entity that it is a property of. is function of SIO_000227 is role of is a relation between a role and the entity that it is a property of. is role of SIO_000228 has role is a relation between an entity and a role that it bears. has role SIO_000229 has output is a relation between an process and an entity, where the entity is present at the end of the process. core sadi has output SIO_000230 has input is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process. core sadi has input SIO_000231 is input in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process. sadi is input in glucose and ATP are inputs in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. SIO_000232 is output of is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the end of the process. sadi is output of glucose-6-phosphate and ADP are outputs in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. SIO_000233 is implementation of is a relation between an information entity and a specification that it conforms to. is implementation of SIO_000234 has implementation is a relation between a specification and an implementation that conforms to it. has implementation SIO_000235 has disposition is the relation between an entity and a disposition that it bears. has disposition SIO_000236 is disposition of is a relation between a disposition and the entity that it is a property of. is disposition of SIO_000240 is positionally before is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically less than the projection of the position of the second entity. is positionally before SIO_000241 is directly after is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically greater than the projection of the position of the second entity, and the entities are adjacent to one another. is directly after SIO_000242 is directly before is a relation between entities placed on a dimensional axis in which the projection of the position of the first entity is numerically less than the projection of the position of the second entity, and the entities are adjacent to one another. is directly before SIO_000243 A transitive, symmetric, temporal relation in which one entity is causally related with another non-identical entity. core is causally related with SIO_000244 A transitive temporal relation in which one entity was materially formed from another non-identical entity. OBO_REL:derives_from core is derived from SIO_000245 a derives to b if and only if a or some part thereof is consumed in the formation of b. derives into SIO_000246 a immediately derives into b if and only if a or some significant part thereof is consumed in the formation of b and there are no identifiable intermediate entities between a and b. immediately derives into SIO_000247 A non-transitive temporal relation in which one entity is immediately derived from a non-identical entity such that there are no intermediate entities between them. is immediately derived from SIO_000248 A transitive, temporal relation in which one process precedes (has occured earlier than) another process. core precedes SIO_000249 OBO_REL:preceded_by is preceded by SIO_000250 A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process immediately precedes another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes. immediately precedes SIO_000251 A non-transitive temporal relation in which one process is immediately preceded by another process, such that there is no interval of time between the two processes. is immediately preceded by SIO_000252 is reference for is a relation between a document that provides information about an entity. is referenced by SIO_000253 has source is a relation between an entity and another entity from which it stems from. has source SIO_000254 is annotation of is a relation between some textual entity and the entity that it annotates. is annotation of SIO_000255 is annotated with was annotated with has annotation is a relation between an entity and some textual anntotation. has annotation document x is annotated with the keywords 'ontology','semantic web' SIO_000272 is variant of: a relationship indicating that two entities are different (by some measure), but either achieve the same objectives in different ways or are permutations of one another (temporal, logical or otherwise) core is variant of SIO_000273 has direct part is a relation to specify a part at a particular level of granularity has direct part a car has an engine as a direct part SIO_000274 A is prior version of B iff A is a variant of B and B derives from A. is prior version of SIO_000277 cites is a relation to refer to by way of example, authority or proof. cites SIO_000278 is cited by is a relation from an object that is referred to by way of example, authority or proof. is cited by SIO_000283 is similar to is a relation between two entities that share one or more features. is similar to SIO_000286 A is subsequent version of B iff A is a variant of B and A derives from B. is subsequent version of SIO_000288 is covalently connected to (transitive) SIO_000291 has target is a relation between a process and an entity, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process and undergoes a change or transformation in the process. has target SIO_000292 is target in is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the beginning of the process and undergoes a change or transformation in the process. is target in glucose is a target in the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. SIO_000293 is weakly interacting with is a symmetric relation between two molecular entities (or any part thereof) that are interacting through some weak force (van der waals, hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions) is weakly interacting with (transitive) SIO_000294 a is causally related to b iff there is a causal chain of events from a to b is causally related to SIO_000310 is direct part of is a relation between a specific part (at some level of granularity) and its whole. core is direct part of SIO_000311 is product of is a relation between an entity and a process, where the entity is present at the end of the process as a result of a transformation in the process target. sadi is product of glucose-6-phosphate is the product of the hexokinase-mediated conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. SIO_000312 has product is a relation between an process and an entity, where a new entity exists at the end of the process. sadi has product SIO_000313 is component part of is a relation between a component and a whole, where the component is instrinsic to the whole, and loss of the part would change the kind that the whole is. core is component part of SIO_000322 A is spatiotemporally related to B iff A is in the spatial or temporal vicinity of B core is spatiotemporally related to SIO_000323 A 'is surrounded by' B iff the A 'is contained by' B and A 'is adjacent to' B or A 'is directly connected to' B. is surrounded by SIO_000324 A 'surrounds' B iff the A 'contains' B and A 'is adjacent to' B or A 'is directly connected to' B. surrounds SIO_000325 A overlaps with B iff there is some C that is part of both A and B. [S][R] overlaps with SIO_000332 is about is a relation between an information content entity and the entity that its primary subject. is about SIO_000334 is covalently connected to is a relation between an atom and another atom. is covalently connected to SIO_000335 is weakly interacting with SIO_000338 A relation between an information content entity and a product that it (directly/indirectly) specifies specifies SIO_000339 a relation between a product and the information content entity that specifies it. is specified by SIO_000341 is manifested as is a relation between an expression and its manifestations. is manifested as the english language version of 'war of the worlds' is manifested as a collection of english language versions of the book. SIO_000352 a is causally related from b iff there is a causal chain of events from b to a core is causally related from SIO_000355 realizes is a relation between a process and a realizable entity (role, function, disposition). core realizes SIO_000356 is realized in the role of a patient is realized in medical examination SIO_000362 satisfies is a relation between an entity and the specification or objective that it conforms to. satisfies SIO_000363 is satisfied by SIO_000364 is created by was created by has creator is a relation between an entity and that which created it. dc:creator has creator the iPhone was created by Apple Inc SIO_000365 is created by is creator of is a relation between a creator and an entity.. is creator of SIO_000369 has component part is a relation between a whole and a component part where the component is instrinsic to the whole, and loss of the part would change the kind that it is. has component part a human has blood as a component part SIO_000420 has expression the story 'war of worlds' is expressed as every language edition of the book 'war of the worlds' SIO_000421 is expression of is a relation between more concrete expression of some conceptualization. is expression of every language edition of 'war of the worlds' are expressions of the story of 'war of the worlds' SIO_000422 A is broader than B (t) iff for A is broader than B. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#narrowerTransitive is broader than (t) SIO_000424 A is narrower than B (t) iff for A is narrower than B. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broaderTransitive is narrower than (t) SIO_000425 A is generically related with B iff A is an abstract entity or an information content entity and B is a information content entity or a physical entity, respectively. is generically related with SIO_000426 is manifestation of SIO_000427 A is narrower than B iff the meaning of term A is narrower in scope than the meaning of term B http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broader is narrower than SIO_000477 http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#narrower is broader than SIO_000482 A is match to B iff A and B are terms with similar (related, broad, close, exact) meanings http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#relatedMatch is match to SIO_000484 http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#exactMatch is exact match to SIO_000490 http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#closeMatch is close match to SIO_000491 http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#broadMatch is broad match to SIO_000495 is dissimilar to is a relation between two entities in which one is considered dissimilar to the other based on some criteria. is dissimilar to SIO_000496 is opposite to is a relation between two entities in which one is diametrically opposed to the other. is opposite to hot is the opposite of cold; left is opposite of right SIO_000497 is version of is a relation that holds between any two versions in which one is a subsequent or alternate version of (through a branch). is version of SIO_000552 has parameter is a relation between a process and an information content entity which modulates the behaviour of some participant. sadi has parameter SIO_000553 is parameter in is a relation between a data item and some data transformation process. is parameter in SIO_000557 is described by is a relation between one entity and another entity that provides a description (detailed account) of it. is described by SIO_000558 is orthologous to is a relation between two biological entities that share a common ancestor and occur in different species. is orthologous to SIO_000563 describes is a relation between one entity and another entity that it provides a description (detailed account of). core describes SIO_000586 has capability is a relation between an entity and the capability that it bears. has capability SIO has the capability to semantically integrate data. SIO_000628 refers to is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to. core nlp+ refers to SIO_000629 is subject of SIO_000630 is paralogous to is a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry as a result of a gene duplication. is paralogous to SIO_000631 mentions references is a relation between one entity and the entity that it makes reference to by name, but is not described by it. core references SIO_000632 is model of is a relation between a model (an artifact) and the entity it purports to represent. is model of the architect builds a model that represents the building she envisions. SIO_000633 is modelled by SIO_000634 a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry but due to horizontal gene transfer. is xenologous to SIO_000635 has trigger is a relation between a realizable and the factor that causes it to be realized. has trigger SIO_000636 is trigger for SIO_000641 has basis is a relation between a realizable entity and the quality that forms the basis for it. has basis the solubility of salt (the disposition) is based on the molecular structure of NaCl (the quality) that allows the polarized water-molecules (the trigger) to break the ion bonds (the realization). SIO_000642 is base for is a relation between a quality and the realizable entity that it is the basis for. is base for the solubility of salt (the disposition) is based on the molecular structure of NaCl (the quality) that allows the polarized water-molecules (the trigger) to break the ion bonds (the realization). SIO_000643 is realizable property of SIO_000644 has realizable property SIO_000646 is capability of is a relation between a capability and the entity that bears it. is capability of SIO_000652 A is directly connected to B iff there exists a path direclty between A and B. is directly connected to SIO_000655 A transitive temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another. transforms into SIO_000656 A temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another. immediately transforms into SIO_000657 A transitive temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another. is transformed from SIO_000658 A temporal relation in which an entity mainstains identity from one state to another. is immediately transformed from SIO_000668 in relation to is a comparative relation to indicate that the instance of the class holding the relation exists in relation to another entity. core in relation to SIO_000671 a relation between an entity and an identifier. has identifier SIO_000672 identifies a relation between an identifier and an entity. is identifier for SIO_000673 has unique identifier is an inverse functional relation between an entity and an identifier that uniquely identifies it. has unique identifier SIO_000674 is unique identifier for is a relation between an identifier and an entity that it uniquely identifies is unique identifier for SIO_000679 has time boundary SIO_000680 has start time SIO_000681 has end time SIO_000682 is start time of SIO_000684 is end time of SIO_000687 exists at is a relation between an entity and a time measurement. core exists at SIO_000697 a is mutual disposition of b if and only if the realization of the disposition a necessarily causes the realization of the disposition b. is mutual disposition of SIO_000699 is greater than or equal to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value larger or equal to the second. is greater than or equal to SIO_000709 a is mutually related to b if and only if the realization of the relation of a necessarily causes the realization of a relation to b. is mutually related to SIO_000710 a is mutual role of b if and only if the realization of role a necessarily causes the realization of role b. is mutual role of SIO_000733 is greater than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value smaller or equal to the second. is lesser than or equal to SIO_000734 is greater than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value larger than the second. is greater than SIO_000735 is lesser than to is a comparison relation between two quantities in which the first has a value smaller than the second. is lesser than SIO_000736 is comparable to is a relation between two entities that share at least one feature whose value can be compared. core is comparable to SIO_000737 is numerically comparable to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose datatype value can be compared. is numerically comparable to SIO_000738 is equal to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose value are exactly the same. is equal to SIO_000749 is inequal to is a comparison relation between two quantities whose value are not the same. is inequal to SIO_000772 has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that demonstrates the truth of the assertion. has evidence SIO_000773 is evidence for SIO_000774 has evidence is a relation between a proposition and something that refutes (is incompatible with) the truth of the assertion. is refuted by SIO_000775 is refuting evidence for SIO_000793 measured at is a relation between a measurement value and the time measurement. core measured at SIO_000892 a in relation from b is a comparative relation in a is the object of reference in a relation with b. in relation from SIO_000900 has frequency is a relation that specifies the occurence of an object or event has frequency SIO_000901 is frequency of is a relation between a temporal unit and an object or event is frequency of SIO_000905 has substrate is a relation between a process and an object where the object is destroyed by its participation in the process. has substrate SIO_000970 is first part of is a proper part relation in which the part is the first of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. is first part of SIO_000971 has first part is a proper part relation in which the part is the first of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. has first part SIO_000972 has last part is a proper part relation in which the part is the last of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. has last part SIO_000973 is last part of is a proper part relation in which the part is the last of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. is last part of SIO_000974 has ordered part of is a proper part relation in which the part is one of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. has ordered part SIO_000975 is ordered part of is a proper part relation in which the part is one of a set of linearly ordered parts resulting from the projection of the whole on a linear coordinate system. is ordered part of SIO_001096 is specialization of is a relation between a more specific instance (in terms of spatial/temporal localization & other attributres) than the other. http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#specializationOf is specialization of a weather forecast for the city of London produced at a specific time is a specialization of a weather forecast for the city of London. SIO_001097 is generalization of is a relation between a more general instance (in terms of spatial/temporal localization & other attributres) than the other. is generalization of SIO_001098 is alternate of relates two specialized instances. http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#alternateOf is alternate of two weather forecasts for the city of London produced at different times or by different organizations (etc) are alternates of each other, and instances of / specializations of forecasts for the city of London. SIO_001101 a is mutual capability of b if and only if the realization of capability a necessarily causes the realization of capability b. is mutual capability of SIO_001154 x regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y regulates SIO_001155 is regulated by SIO_001156 results in SIO_001157 is result of SIO_001158 affects SIO_001159 is affected by SIO_001242 is identical to is a relation between two objects that are conceptually the same notwithstanding provenance or other non-intrinsic attributes. is identical to SIO_001247 not implemented in standard distribution ovopub is transitively related to SIO_001277 has data item is a relation between a dataset and any described / referrenced entity. core has data item SIO_001278 'is data item in' is a relation between an entity that is described or referenced in a dataset. core is data item in SIO_001279 has phenotype is a relation between an object and an observable/measurable characteristic. has phenotype SIO_001280 is phenotype of is a relation between an observable/measurable characteristic and an object. is phenotype of x positively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an effect that increases the frequency, rate or extent of y SIO_001401 positively regulates x negatively regulates y if and only if x is a process and y is either a process or a quality, and the progression of x exerts an reduced effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y SIO_001402 negatively regulates x is associated with y when x and y are logically or statistically related to one another. SIO_001403 is associated with x is correlated with y when x holds a statistical relationship with y SIO_001404 is correlated with SIO_010078 A relation between two objects, in which the first object contains information that is used to produce the second object. encodes an open reading frame encodes a protein (it contains information that specifies the amino acid composition and topology) SIO_010079 A relation between two objects, in which the first object is produced from the information contained in the second object. is encoded by SIO_010080 a relation between two information content entities in which one is transcribed into (an exact or similar kind) another through some process. is transcribed into DNA is transcribed into RNA SIO_010081 is transcribed from SIO_010082 is translated into RNA is translated into Protein a relation between two information content entities in which one is translated into (a completely different kind of entity) another through some process. SIO_010083 is translated from SIO_010302 a relation between two entities which indicates their common ancestry. is homologous to has broader match skos:broadMatch is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes. Broader concepts are typically rendered as parents in a concept hierarchy (tree). has broader Relates a concept to a concept that is more general in meaning. By convention, skos:broader is only used to assert an immediate (i.e. direct) hierarchical link between two conceptual resources. has broader transitive skos:broaderTransitive is a transitive superproperty of skos:broader. By convention, skos:broaderTransitive is not used to make assertions. Rather, the properties can be used to draw inferences about the transitive closure of the hierarchical relation, which is useful e.g. when implementing a simple query expansion algorithm in a search application. has close match skos:closeMatch is used to link two concepts that are sufficiently similar that they can be used interchangeably in some information retrieval applications. In order to avoid the possibility of "compound errors" when combining mappings across more than two concept schemes, skos:closeMatch is not declared to be a transitive property. has top concept Relates, by convention, a concept scheme to a concept which is topmost in the broader/narrower concept hierarchies for that scheme, providing an entry point to these hierarchies. is in scheme Relates a resource (for example a concept) to a concept scheme in which it is included. A concept may be a member of more than one concept scheme. These concept mapping relations mirror semantic relations, and the data model defined below is similar (with the exception of skos:exactMatch) to the data model defined for semantic relations. A distinct vocabulary is provided for concept mapping relations, to provide a convenient way to differentiate links within a concept scheme from links between concept schemes. However, this pattern of usage is not a formal requirement of the SKOS data model, and relies on informal definitions of best practice. is in mapping relation with Relates two concepts coming, by convention, from different schemes, and that have comparable meanings has member Relates a collection to one of its members. For any resource, every item in the list given as the value of the skos:memberList property is also a value of the skos:member property. has member list Relates an ordered collection to the RDF list containing its members. has narrower match skos:narrowMatch is used to state a hierarchical mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes. Narrower concepts are typically rendered as children in a concept hierarchy (tree). has narrower Relates a concept to a concept that is more specific in meaning. By convention, skos:broader is only used to assert an immediate (i.e. direct) hierarchical link between two conceptual resources. has narrower transitive skos:narrowerTransitive is a transitive superproperty of skos:narrower. By convention, skos:narrowerTransitive is not used to make assertions. Rather, the properties can be used to draw inferences about the transitive closure of the hierarchical relation, which is useful e.g. when implementing a simple query expansion algorithm in a search application. skos:related is disjoint with skos:broaderTransitive has related Relates a concept to a concept with which there is an associative semantic relationship. has related match skos:relatedMatch is used to state an associative mapping link between two conceptual resources in different concept schemes. is in semantic relation with Links a concept to a concept related by meaning. This property should not be used directly, but as a super-property for all properties denoting a relationship of meaning between concepts. is top concept in scheme Relates a concept to the concept scheme that it is a top level concept of. The (single) value of this property must be a list of path elements, representing the elements of alternative paths. alternative path The annotation property that shall be set. annotation property The shapes that the focus nodes need to conform to before a rule is executed on them. condition Links a resource with its namespace prefix declarations. declare Links a result with other results that provide more details, for example to describe violations against nested shapes. detail An entailment regime that indicates what kind of inferencing is required by a shapes graph. entailment The shape that all input nodes of the expression need to conform to. filter shape Can be used to link to a property group to indicate that a property shape belongs to a group of related property shapes. group The (single) value of this property represents an inverse path (object to subject). inverse path Declares which JavaScript libraries are needed to execute this. JavaScript library The validator(s) used to evaluate a constraint in the context of a node shape. shape validator The (single) value of this property represents a path that is matched one or more times. one or more path Specifies the property path of a property shape. path The prefixes that shall be applied before parsing the associated SPARQL query. prefixes The validator(s) used to evaluate a constraint in the context of a property shape. property validator The validation results contained in a validation report. result Links a SPARQL validator with zero or more sh:ResultAnnotation instances, defining how to derive additional result properties based on the variables of the SELECT query. result annotation The path of a validation result, based on the path of the validated property shape. result path The severity of the result, e.g. warning. result severity The expected type of values returned by the associated function. return type The rules linked to a shape. rule Shapes graphs that should be used when validating this data graph. shapes graph The constraint component that is the source of the result. source constraint component The shape that is was validated when the result was produced. source shape Suggested shapes graphs for this ontology. The values of this property may be used in the absence of specific sh:shapesGraph statements. suggested shapes graph Links a shape to a target specified by an extension language, for example instances of sh:SPARQLTarget. target Links a shape to a class, indicating that all instances of the class must conform to the shape. target class Links a shape to a property, indicating that all all objects of triples that have the given property as their predicate must conform to the shape. target objects of Links a shape to a property, indicating that all subjects of triples that have the given property as their predicate must conform to the shape. target subjects of The validator(s) used to evaluate constraints of either node or property shapes. validator The (single) value of this property represents a path that is matched zero or more times. zero or more path The (single) value of this property represents a path that is matched zero or one times. zero or one path Indicates that a class is "abstract" and cannot be used in asserted rdf:type triples. Only non-abstract subclasses of abstract classes should be instantiated directly. abstract The (CSS) class of an Action for display purposes alongside the label. action icon class If set to true then the results of the SHACL function can be cached in between invocations with the same arguments. In other words, they are stateless and do not depend on triples in any graph, or the current time stamp etc. cachable Can be used to indicate that a property/path represented by a property constraint represents a composite relationship. In a composite relationship, the life cycle of a "child" object (value of the property/path) depends on the "parent" object (focus node). If the parent gets deleted, then the child objects should be deleted, too. Tools may use dash:composite (if set to true) to implement cascading delete operations. composite Used to mark certain parameterizables as context-free, meaning that the outcome of a process does not depend on the currently active query graph. context-free Can be used to annotate a graph (usually the owl:Ontology) with the default language that tools should suggest for new literal values. For example, predominantly English graphs should have "en" as default language. default language A flag to indicate that the expected result represents a JSON string. If set to true, then tests would compare JSON structures (regardless of whitespaces) instead of actual syntax. expected result is JSON A flag to indicate that the expected result represents an RDF graph encoded as a Turtle file. If set to true, then tests would compare graphs instead of actual syntax. expected result is Turtle Can be used to mark that certain validation results have already been fixed. fixed The height. height Properties marked as hidden do not appear in user interfaces, yet remain part of the shape for other purposes such as validation and scripting or GraphQL schema generation. hidden index The JavaScript source code of a Script. JavaScript source code Can be set to true for those constraint components where the validation does not require to visit any other triples than the shape definitions and the direct property values of the focus node mentioned in the property constraints. Examples of this include sh:minCount and sh:hasValue. Constraint components that are marked as such can be optimized by engines, e.g. they can be evaluated client-side at form submission time, without having to make a round-trip to a server, assuming the client has downloaded a complete snapshot of the resource. Any component marked with dash:staticConstraint is also a dash:localConstraint. local constraint For file-typed properties, this can be used to specify the expected/allowed mime types of its values. This can be used, for example, to limit file input boxes or file selectors. If multiple values are allowed then they need to be separated by commas. Example values are listed at https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types/Common_types mime types If set to true at a property shape then any sh:values and sh:defaultValue rules of this property will be ignored when 'all inferences' are computed. This is useful for property values that shall only be computed for individual focus nodes (e.g. when a user visits a resource) but not for large inference runs. never materialize If set to true for a ScriptConstraint or ScriptValidator, then the associated script will receive all value nodes at once, as a value of the variable values. By default (or false), the script is called for each value node individually. on all values Can be set to true for those constraint components where the validation does not require to visit any other triples than the parameters. Examples of this include sh:datatype or sh:nodeKind, where no further triples need to be queried to determine the result. Constraint components that are marked as such can be optimized by engines, e.g. they can be evaluated client-side at form submission time, without having to make a round-trip to a server. static constraint An optional confidence between 0% and 100%. Suggestions with 100% confidence are strongly recommended. Can be used to sort recommended updates. suggestion confidence True to also validate the shapes itself (i.e. parameter declarations). validate shapes The width. width The x position. x The y position. y Can be attached to property shapes to indicate they should be round-tripped as GraphQL type ID. is ID field If set to true for a node shape, then it should become a GraphQL interface. is GraphQL interface Can be used to attach a URI template to node shapes, meaning that JSON objects that are processed with the given node shape will become URI resources with a URI derived from the given template. Example: "ex:Person-{$id}". URI templates can include {...} blocks that contain a variable reference such as $id if the corresponding GraphQL type has a field named "id". Fields are mandatory by default, meaning that if a JSON converter attempts to produce a URI that lacks a mandatory field then the conversion fails with an exception. GraphQL URI template has acronym Term not in HASCO v1.0 has anticipated data volume has backup frequency has backup responsibility has code Term not in HASCO v1.0 has code label Term not in HASCO v1.0 has code value has creating date time has data set policy attribute has data set storage attribute has data set time attribute has embargo period has first coordinate has grounding label Term not in HASCO v1.0 has group ID has id Term not in HASCO v1.0 has image has intellectual property rights has label fragment Term not in HASCO v1.0 has last counter Term not in HASCO v1.0 has license has parameter name has parameter value has position has related policy has reporting date time has retention period has role label Term not in HASCO v1.0 has SOC reference Term not in HASCO v1.0 has second coordinate has storage format has storage media has third coordinate has variable Term not in HASCO v1.0 has version Term not in HASCO v1.0 in relation to label Term not in HASCO v1.0 is data set attribute is PI confirmed is virtual? Term not in HASCO v1.0 original ID has measurement value has x coordinate value has y coordinate value has specified numeric value A relation between a value specification and a number that quantifies it. A range of 'real' might be better than 'float'. For now we follow 'has measurement value' until we can consider technical issues with SPARQL queries and reasoning. PERSON: James A. Overton OBI has specified numeric value has specified value A relation between a value specification and a literal. This is not an RDF/OWL object property. It is intended to link a value found in e.g. a database column of 'M' (the literal) to an instance of a value specification class, which can then be linked to indicate that this is about the biological gender of a human subject. OBI has specified value A relationship (data property) between an entity and its value. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra has value SIO_000300 A relation between a informational entity and its actual value (numeric, date, text, etc). core nlp relations sadi has value The name of the SPARQL variable from the SELECT clause that shall be used for the values. annotation variable name The SPARQL ASK query to execute. ask True if the validation did not produce any validation results, and false otherwise. conforms The SPARQL CONSTRUCT query to execute. construct If set to true then all nodes conform to this. deactivated The name of the JavaScript function to execute. JavaScript function name Declares the URLs of a JavaScript library. This should be the absolute URL of a JavaScript file. Implementations may redirect those to local files. JavaScript library URL The namespace associated with a prefix in a prefix declaration. namespace Indicates whether a parameter is optional. optional Specifies the relative order of this compared to its siblings. For example use 0 for the first, 1 for the second. order The prefix of a prefix declaration. prefix The SPARQL SELECT query to execute. select If true then the validation engine was certain that the shapes graph has passed all SHACL syntax requirements during the validation process. shapes graph well-formed The SPARQL UPDATE to execute. update dash:FailureResult A result representing a validation failure such as an unsupported recursion. Failure result dash:FailureTestCaseResult Represents a failure of a test case. Failure test case result dash:GraphUpdate A suggestion consisting of added and/or deleted triples, represented as rdf:Statements via dash:addedTriple and dash:deletedTriple. Graph update dash:SPARQLConstructTemplate Encapsulates one or more SPARQL CONSTRUCT queries that can be parameterized. Parameters will become pre-bound variables in the queries. SPARQL CONSTRUCT template dash:SPARQLSelectTemplate Encapsulates a SPARQL SELECT query that can be parameterized. Parameters will become pre-bound variables in the query. SPARQL SELECT template dash:SPARQLUpdateSuggestionGenerator A SuggestionGenerator based on a SPARQL UPDATE query (sh:update), producing an instance of dash:GraphUpdate. The INSERTs become dash:addedTriple and the DELETEs become dash:deletedTriple. The WHERE clause operates on the data graph with the pre-bound variables $focusNode, $predicate and $value, as well as the other pre-bound variables for the parameters of the constraint. In many cases, there may be multiple possible suggestions to fix a problem. For example, with sh:maxLength there are many ways to slice a string. In those cases, the system will first iterate through the result variables from a SELECT query (sh:select) and apply these results as pre-bound variables into the UPDATE query. SPARQL UPDATE suggestion generator dash:ShapeScript A shape script contains extra code that gets injected into the API for the associated node shape. In particular you can use this to define additional functions that operate on the current focus node (the this variable in JavaScript). Shape script dash:SuccessResult A result representing a successfully validated constraint. Success result dash:SuccessTestCaseResult Represents a successful run of a test case. Success test case result dash:SuggestionResult Class of results that have been produced as suggestions, not through SHACL validation. How the actual results are produced is up to implementers. Each instance of this class should have values for sh:focusNode, sh:resultMessage, sh:resultSeverity (suggested default: sh:Info), and dash:suggestion to point at one or more suggestions. Suggestion result chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy Instrument a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light, that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily, visible light. 0 10 chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illicit Drug Use Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illicit Drug Use Indicator Class chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Absorbance Reader Absorbance readers are used for assays such as ELISA assays, protein and nucleic acid quantification or enzyme activity assays. A light source illuminates the sample using a specific wavelength (selected by an optical filter, or a monochromator), and a light detector located on the other side of the well measures how much of the initial (100%) light is transmitted through the sample: the amount of transmitted light will typically be related to the concentration of the molecule of interest. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Acculturation Acculturation explains the process of cultural change and psychological change that results following meeting between cultures. This metaclass contains all classes that measure this process. Adolescent Period The age span ranging from adolescence to adulthood Adopted Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents, and, in so doing, permanently transfers all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parent or parents. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Agilent 1100 HPLC chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Aligent 8800 Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS Alkyl Phosphate Pesticide Metabolite Analyte chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Ancestor An ancestor or forebear is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor (i.e., a grandparent, great-grandparent, great-great-grandparent, and so forth). Ancestor is "any person from whom one is descended. In law the person from whom an estate has been inherited." chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Anthropometry Attributes pertaining to the scientific study of the measurements and proportions of the human body. Arsenic Species A molecular entity with arsenic components. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Physical and Mental Assessment Physical and Mental Assessments Indicator Class Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Atomic Emission Spectroscopy Atomic Spectroscopy Blackbody Infrared Radiative Dissociation (BIRD) Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Preschool Version Standardized rating scale designed to specifically measure the range of executive function in preschool-aged children Before A negative index of a time measurement in relation to a reference event. A conventional time measurement can be generated from a before time measurement by duplicating the measurement, reversing the sign of the value, and removing the "Before" class. 1 Biological Relative Being from the same biological kinship as another person. In that aspect, consanguinity is the quality of being descended from the same ancestor as another person. Biological Response Indicator of biological response to environmental exposure abolic_SDD_v1.xlsx Biomolecule A biospecimen that is composed of molecular entities. Biospecimen A biological laboratory specimen held by a biorepository for research. Such a specimen would be taken by sampling so as to be representative of any other specimen taken from the source of the specimen. When biological specimens are stored, ideally they remain equivalent to freshly-collected specimens for the purposes of research. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Birth The ending of a pregnancy by one or more babies leaving a woman's uterus by vagina passage or c-section. Birth Cohort Study chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Birth Outcome Birth Outcomes Indicator Class • [WARNING] SDD_00013: The Dictionary Mapping has the following cells with missing labels: cmo:0001297 . Bisulfite Pyrosequencing Bodily Fluid Liquids originating from inside the bodies of living people. They include fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body, and body water that normally is not. Body Weight Quality A categorization of body mass relative to the height, as defined using Body Mass Index. BU Buccal Cell Cells collected from the inner epithelium of the cheek Preschool Child Behavior Checklist Child Behavior Checklist for ages 1 ½ through 5 Preschool Child Behavior Checklist Externalizing Subscale Subscale of preschool CBCL that assesses externalizing behaviors Preschool Child Behavior Checklist Internalizing Subscale Subscale of preschool CBCL that assesses internalizing behaviors Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID) chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy Instrument Used in the measurement of trace amounts of volatile heavy metals such as mercury, cold vapour AFS makes use of the unique characteristic of mercury that allows vapour measurement at room temperature. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Child A relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age). Childhood Cohort Study Childhood Period The age span ranging from birth to adolescence chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Chromatography Instrument Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid called the mobile phase, which carries it through a structure holding another material called the stationary phase. The various constituents of the mixture travel at different speeds, causing them to separate. The separation is based on differential partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases. Subtle differences in a compound's partition coefficient result in differential retention on the stationary phase and thus affect the separation. Fibrinogen Assay (Clauss method) Color Object Association Test a reliable and a valid measure of declarative memory for healthy children ages 18-36 months, living in a disadvantaged community Colorimetric Assay Valid measurement Slightly hemolyzed Moderately hemolyzed Markedly hemolyzed Icteric Turbid Very turbid Lipemic Lipemic sample, clarified before running Cellular debris present Small clot present Run out-of-contol; insufficient sample for repeat analysis Fibrin present Red blood cells present Interfering substances present Urine grossly hematuric Quantity of sample insufficient for analysis Quantity of sample insufficient for repeat analysis Sample integrity/quality compromised preventing analysis Sample older than 2 weeks Cyclomicrons present Dilution required Result repeated and confirmed Unusually high Unusual color Value less than LOD Analyzed at a later date than rest of samples on worksheet (not a repeat) Short sample; sample probe picked up incomplete volume first time Thawed and clotted Thawed and hemolyzed (covers all three levels) Thawed, hemolyzed (covers all three levels) and exposed to light Hemolyzed (covers all three levels), lipemic, and icteric Hemolyzed (covers all three levels) and contaminated Hemolyzed (covers all three levels) and debris present Hemolyzed (covers all three levels) and lipemic Lab confirmed result Did not precipitate Lipemic and turbid Sample frozen No Hct, Hct=40 assumed Panel change Failed negative control Failed positive control Partial match Greater than 99th percentile Mitest not capped Torn, perforated screen Broken Mitest Torn bag (Mitest intact, capped) Overloaded filter Abnormal hemoglobin variant observed Obvious coarse debris Predominantly fibrous material Initial concentration higher than the highest standard Specimen analyzed with less than normal quantity Specimen analyzed in singlicate for an assay that requires duplicates No FOL result; FOL = 8 ng/mL assumed Result repeated with diluted sample Detectable Result reported based on fewer replicates than required Specimen analyzed with less than usual dilution Samples Arrived Thawed and Analyzed HUC sample having discrepancy between fluorometer results and semi quantative Albustix test results No preservative added Common Era Common era time measurements are referenced against (in relation to) the beginning of the common era, 1 CE (or 1 AD). Competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Competitive Immunoassay to become pregnant with a child. Conceiving chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Conception When a sperm fertilizes an egg Cousin A person belonging to the same extended family. Daughter The female offspring in relation to her parents. Delivery Characteristics Attributes related to the delivery of a child. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Demographic Demographics are quantifiable characteristics of a given population. SDD-2016-1431-P01_SG_Dictionary_SDD_v1.xlsx chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Descendant The child of a human, or any grandchild, great-grandchild, and so on. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Diet and Nutrition Diet and Nutrition Indicator • [WARNING] SDD_00014: The Attributes: [sio:SpecificGravity] are subclasses of neither hasco:StudyIndicator nor hasco:SampleIndicator . Difference Variables derived from taking the difference of two other variables. For example, the first difference of a time series {yt} is defined as Dyt = yt - yt-1 chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Direct Mercury Analyzer Direct mercury analysis incorporates the following sequence: thermal decomposition, catalytic conversion, amalgamation, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Controlled heating stages are implemented to first dry and then thermally decompose a sample introduced into a quartz tube. A continuous flow of oxygen carries the decomposition products through a hot catalyst bed where halogens, nitrogen, and sulfur oxides are trapped. All mercury species are reduced to Hg(0) and are then carried along with reaction gases to a gold amalgamator where the mercury is selectively trapped. All nonmercury vapors and decomposition products are flushed from the system by the continuous flow of gas. The amalgamator is subsequently heated and releases all trapped mercury to the single-beam, fixed-wavelength atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Absorbance is measured at 253.7 nm as a function of mercury content Electron Capture Dissociation (ECD) Electron-Detachment Dissociation (EDD) Enzyme Immunoassay enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ELISA is an immunoassay that uses antibodies and color change to identify a substance (Wikipedia) A histological count of the eosinophils in a high-power microscopic field of view, or 0.158 mm^2 (x400). eosinophils per high-power field Electron Transfer Dissociation (ETD) Early Childhood Vigilance Test a computer-based assessment of sustained attention during which the child is required to watch a screen where various animated stimuli disappear and reappear chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Mass spectrometry using ESI is called electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) or, less commonly, electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS). ESI is a so-called 'soft ionization' technique, since there is very little fragmentation. This can be advantageous in the sense that the molecular ion (or more accurately a pseudo molecular ion) is always observed, however very little structural information can be gained from the simple mass spectrum obtained. This disadvantage can be overcome by coupling ESI with tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Another important advantage of ESI is that solution-phase information can be retained into the gas-phase. Element chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Environmental Exposure EnvironmentalExposure Indicator Class may need to refine this name in order to clearly differentiate from environmental exposures measured within CHEAR. Perhaps ExternalEnvironmental Exposure. Ok for now but we may want to discuss. 25 Eosinophilic esophagitis is active when a biopsy of the esophagus reveals a count of more than 25 eosinophils per high-power field area, or 0.158 mm^2 (400x). active eosinophilic esophagitis 15 25 Eosinophilic esophagitis is mild when a biopsy of the esophagus reveals a count of 15-25 eosinophils per high-power field area, or 0.158 mm^2 (400x). mild eosinophilic esophagitis 15 Eosinophilic esophagitis is active when a biopsy of the esophagus reveals a count of less than 15 eosinophils per high-power field area, or 0.158 mm^2 (400x). eosinophilic esophagitis in remission chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Exposure Monitoring Instrument A physical instrument that monitors the environment for chemical exposures. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Father The male parent of a child. Besides the paternal bonds of a father to his children, the father may have a parental legal and social relationship with the child that carries with it certain rights and obligations. An adoptive father is a male who has become the child's parent through the legal process of adoption. A biological father is the male genetic contributor to the creation of the baby, through sexual intercourse or sperm donation. A biological father may have legal obligations to a child not raised by him, such as an obligation of monetary support. A putative father is a man whose biological relationship to a child is alleged but has not been established. A stepfather is a male who is the husband of a child's mother and they may form a family unit, but who generally does not have the legal rights and responsibilities of a parent in relation to the child. Fenton Preterm Growth Chart A growth chart adusted for gestational age chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone First Trimester From pregnancy week 1 through 12 and includes conception. Conception is when the sperm fertilizes the egg. The fertilized egg then travels down the fallopian tube and attaches to the inside of the uterus, where it begins to form the embryo and placenta. The first trimester carries the highest risk of miscarriage (natural death of embryo or fetus). Foster Fosterage, the practice of a family bringing up a child not their own, differs from adoption in that the child's parents, not the foster-parents, remain the acknowledged parents. In many modern western societies foster care can be organized by the state to care for children with troubled family backgrounds, usually on a temporary basis. In many pre-modern societies fosterage was a form of patronage, whereby influential families cemented political relationships by bringing up each other's children, similar to arranged marriages, also based on dynastic or alliance calculations. Gas Chromatography chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Gas Chromatographer–Mass Spectrometer Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is an analytical method that combines the features of gas-chromatography and mass spectrometry to identify different substances within a test sample. Applications of GC-MS include drug detection, fire investigation, environmental analysis, explosives investigation, and identification of unknown samples, including that of material samples obtained from planet Mars during probe missions as early as the 1970s. GC-MS can also be used in airport security to detect substances in luggage or on human beings. Additionally, it can identify trace elements in materials that were previously thought to have disintegrated beyond identification. Like liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, it allows analysis and detection even of tiny amounts of a substance. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Gas Chromatographer-Tandem Mass Spectrometer MS/MS is the combination of two mass analyzers in one mass spec instrument. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Gas Chromatography Instrument Gas chromatography (GC) is a common type of chromatography used in analytical chemistry for separating and analyzing compounds that can be vaporized without decomposition. Typical uses of GC include testing the purity of a particular substance, or separating the different components of a mixture (the relative amounts of such components can also be determined). In some situations, GC may help in identifying a compound. In preparative chromatography, GC can be used to prepare pure compounds from a mixture. Gel Electrophoresis Gel electrophoresis is a method for separation and analysis of macromolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their fragments, based on their size and charge. Gestational Age at Birth Describes how far along a pregnancy is, usually measured in weeks, as measured at birth. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Gravimetric Analysis Instrument Gravimetric analysis describes a set of methods used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of an analyte (the ion being analyzed) based on its mass. The principle behind this type of analysis is that once an ion's mass has been determined as a unique compound, that known measurement can then be used to determine the same analyte's mass in a mixture, as long as the relative quantities of the other constituents are known. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Hydrogen–Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometer Hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry can determine the overall deuterium content of molecules which have undergone H/D exchange. Because of the sample preparation required, it is typically considered to provide an accurate measurement of non-exchangeable hydrogen atoms only. High Performance Liquid Chromatography chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker High-Performance Liquid Chromatography High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture. It relies on pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Each component in the sample interacts slightly differently with the adsorbent material, causing different flow rates for the different components and leading to the separation of the components as they flow out the column. HPLC with Fluorescence Level Detector HPLC paired with a Fluorescence Level Detector. Fluorescence spectroscopy (also known as fluorometry or spectrofluorometry) is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light, that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily, visible light. A complementary technique is absorption spectroscopy. In the special case of single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, intensity fluctuations from the emitted light are measured from either single fluorophores, or pairs of fluorophores. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is an analytical chemistry technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry (MS). Coupled chromatography - MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of each technique are enhanced synergistically. While liquid chromatography separates mixtures with multiple components, mass spectrometry provides structural identity of the individual components with high molecular specificity and detection sensitivity. This tandem technique can be used to analyze biochemical, organic, and inorganic compounds commonly found in complex samples of environmental and biological origin. Therefore, LC-MS may be applied in a wide range of sectors including biotechnology, environment monitoring, food processing, and pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and cosmetic industries. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometer Liquid chromatography and tandem Mass Spectrometry. MS/MS (Tandem MS) is the combination of two mass analyzers in one mass spec instrument. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Head Of Household Head of Household Head of Household is a filing status for individual United States taxpayers. To use the Head of Household filing status, a taxpayer must: (1) Be unmarried or considered unmarried at the end of the year (2) Have paid more than half the cost of keeping up a home for the tax year (either one's own home or the home of a qualifying parent) (3) Usually have a qualifying person who lived with the head in the home for more than half of the tax year unless the qualifying person is a dependent parent. The Person is the head of Household Healthcare Access Healthcare Access Hospital Readmissions An episode when a patient who had been discharged from a hospital is admitted again within a specified time interval. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Hospital Utilization Hospital Utilization chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Housing Characteristic Housing Characteristic Indicator Class Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer A type of mass spectrometry which is capable of detecting metals and several non-metals at concentrations as low as one part in 10^15 (part per quadrillion, ppq) on non-interfered low-background isotopes. This is achieved by ionizing the sample with inductively coupled plasma and then using a mass spectrometer to separate and quantify those ions. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Triple Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer A tandem mass spectrometer consisting of two quadrupole mass analyzers in series, with a (non-mass-resolving) radio frequency (RF)–only quadrupole between them to act as a cell for collision-induced dissociation. Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation (IRMPD) Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip Assay chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker SYNAPT G2-Si Mass Spectrometer Kaufman ABC Sequence Subscale Subscale of Kaufman ABC designed to measure the ability to solve problems by remembering and using an ordered series of images or ideas Kaufman ABC culturally fair, cognitive ability test for children Liquid Chromotography-Mass Spectrometery Liquid Chromotography -tandem mass spectrometry Liquid Chromotography-Multistage Mass Spectrometery chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometer An analytical chemistry technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography (or HPLC) with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry (MS). Coupled chromatography - MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of each technique are enhanced synergistically. While liquid chromatography separates mixtures with multiple components, mass spectrometry provides structural identity of the individual components with high molecular specificity and detection sensitivity. This tandem technique can be used to analyze biochemical, organic, and inorganic compounds commonly found in complex samples of environmental and biological origin. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometer Liquid chromatography and tandem Mass Spectrometry. MS/MS is the combination of two mass analyzers in one mass spec instrument. Laboratory Result A measurement taken on a sample. Limit of Detection The lowest quantity of a substance that can be distinguished from the absence of that substance (a blank value) with a stated confidence level (generally 99%). The detection limit is estimated from the mean of the blank, the standard deviation of the blank and some confidence factor. Another consideration that affects the detection limit is the accuracy of the model used to predict concentration from the raw analytical signal. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Liquid Chromatography Instrument A separation technique in which the mobile phase is a liquid. It can be carried out either in a column or a plane. Present day liquid chromatography that generally utilizes very small packing particles and a relatively high pressure is referred to as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Long Range Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification of DNA lengths that cannot typically be amplified using routine PCR methods or reagents. For simple DNA templates, polymerases optimized for Long Range PCR can amplify up to 30 kb and beyond. For complex, genomic templates, 20 kb is a typical target. Macromolecule A very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers). They are typically composed of thousands of atoms or more. The most common macromolecules in biochemistry are biopolymers (nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates and polyphenols) and large non-polymeric molecules (such as lipids and macrocycles). chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Mass Spectrometer Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionizes chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. In simpler terms, a mass spectrum measures the masses within a sample. Mass spectrometry is used in many different fields and is applied to pure samples as well as complex mixtures. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Maternal Weight Gain The amount of weight gained during a pregnacy. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Medical History Medical History Indicator Class chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Mental Health Mental Health Indicator Mercury Species Metabolite The intermediates and products of metabolism. The term metabolite is usually restricted to small molecules. Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, catalytic activity of their own (usually as a cofactor to an enzyme), defense, and interactions with other organisms (e.g. pigments, odorants, and pheromones). A primary metabolite is directly involved in normal "growth", development, and reproduction. Ethylene is an example of a primary metabolite produced in large-scale by industrial microbiology. A secondary metabolite is not directly involved in those processes, but usually has an important ecological function. Examples include antibiotics and pigments such as resins and terpenes etc. Some antibiotics use primary metabolites as precursors, such as actinomycin which is created from the primary metabolite, tryptophan. Metal For environmental purposes, CHEAR metals are metals and metalliods. Methylation Assay An assay that measures the methylation levels of sections of a genome. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker MicroPEM The MicroPEM device monitors individual exposures to very fine airborne particles—or particulate matter—at two sizes. PM10 has a diameter of less than 10 micrometers (PM10), which is approximately 1/30th the size of a human hair, and PM2.5, which at diameters of less than 2.5 micrometers, is even smaller. Microarray Assay An assay that uses a microarray to perform measurements. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Microplate Reader Instruments which are used to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. They are widely used in research, drug discovery, bioassay validation, quality control and manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry and academic organizations. Sample reactions can be assayed in 6-1536 well format microtiter plates. The most common microplate format used in academic research laboratories or clinical diagnostic laboratories is 96-well (8 by 12 matrix) with a typical reaction volume between 100 and 200 µL per well. Higher density microplates (384- or 1536-well microplates) are typically used for screening applications, when throughput (number of samples per day processed) and assay cost per sample become critical parameters, with a typical assay volume between 5 and 50 µL per well. Common detection modes for microplate assays are absorbance, fluorescence intensity, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Mother A mother is the female parent of a child. Mothers are women who inhabit or perform the role of bearing some relation to their children, who may or may not be their biological offspring. Thus, dependent on the context, women can be considered mothers by virtue of having given birth, by raising their child(ren), supplying their ovum for fertilisation, or some combination thereof. Such conditions provide a way of delineating the concept of motherhood, or the state of being a mother. Women who meet the third and first categories usually fall under the terms 'birth mother' or 'biological mother', regardless of whether the individual in question goes on to parent their child. Accordingly, a woman who meets only the second condition may be considered an adoptive mother, and those who meet only the third a surrogacy mother. The above concepts defining the role of mother are neither exhaustive nor universal, as any definition of 'mother' may differ based on how social, cultural, and religious roles are defined. Multiplex real-time PCR Neighbor A person living near or next door to another person. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Neighborhood Characteristic Neighborhood Characteristic Indicator Class Neurocognitive Assessment Non-Biological Relative People that are considered relatives but are not related by blood. This includes relatives by marriage, adoption, or fosterage. 18.5 25.0 Nucleic Acid Sequencing chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Oral Health Oral Health Indicator Class chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Parent A parent is the caretaker of a child (where "child" refers to offspring, not necessarily age). A biological parent is a person whose gamete resulted in a child, a male through the sperm, and a female through the ovum. Parents are first-degree relatives and have 50% genetic meet. A female can also become a parent through surrogacy. Some parents may be adoptive parents, who nurture and raise an offspring, but are not actually biologically related to the child. Orphans without adoptive parents can be raised by their grandparents or other family members. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Parental Health and Family History Parental Health and Family History Indicator Class PFC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Any peripheral blood cell having a round nucleus. These cells consist of lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells) and monocytes, whereas erythrocytes and platelets have no nuclei, and granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils) have multi-lobed nuclei. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Personal Product Use Personal Product Use Indicator Class chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Physical Activity and Fitness Physical Activity and Fitness Indicator Class Polymerase Chain Reaction chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Post-Pregnancy The period after birth. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Pre-Pregnancy The time before a pregnancy. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Pregnancy The time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Pregnancy Characteristic Pregnancy Characteristic Indicator Class Pregnancy Cohort Study Pregnancy Sample A sample that is taken at or near pregnancy or birth. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Prescription Medication and Dietary Supplements Prescription Medication and Dietary Supplements are forms of medical treatment. Quadrapole Time-of-Flight Liquid Chromotography-Mass Spectrometry RNA Sequencing chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Refractometer A laboratory or field device for the measurement of an index of refraction (refractometry). The index of refraction is calculated from Snell's law while for mixtures, the index of refraction can be calculated from the composition of the material using several mixing rules such as the Gladstone–Dale relation and Lorentz–Lorenz equation. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Reichert AR200 Handheld Digital Refractometer Lightweight digital refractometer designed for the food, beverage, agricultural, industrial-fluid, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, medical, and plastic industries. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Relative Broadly, kinship patterns may be considered to include people related by both descent – i.e. social relations during development – and by marriage. Human kinship relations through marriage are commonly called "affinity" in contrast to the relationships that arise in one's group of origin, which may be called one's descent group. In some cultures, kinship relationships may be considered to extend out to people an individual has economic or political relationships with, or other forms of social connections. Within a culture, some descent groups may be considered to lead back to gods or animal ancestors (totems). This may be conceived of on a more or less literal basis. Replicate Number Replicate Number chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Reproductive Health Reproductive Health Indicator Class Reverse-Phase Mass Spectrometry Profiling Surface-Induced Dissociation (SID) chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone A Sample has a Pairing Refers to having paired samples. This actually should be a process. What should we do? Sandwich ELISA Sandwich ELISAs involve attachment of a capture antibody to a solid phase support. Samples containing known or unknown antigen are then added in a matrix or buffer that will minimize attachment to the solid phase. An enzyme-labeled antibody is then added for detection. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Screening The time period during which a screening process is used to determine the inclusion of a subject in a study. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Second Trimester From week 13 through 28. Around the middle of the second trimester, movement of the fetus may be felt. At 28 weeks, more than 90% of babies can survive outside of the uterus if provided with high-quality medical care. Shotgun Lipidomics chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Sibling One of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common. A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister. In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds. The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family. However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Sleep Characterisitic Sleep Characterisitics Indicator Class Small Molecule A small molecule is a low molecular weight (< 900 daltons) organic compound that may help regulate a biological process, with a size on the order of 1 nm. Most drugs are small molecules. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Socioeconomic Status Socioeconomic Status Indicator Class chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Solid-Phase Sandwich ELISA Son A son is a male offspring; a boy or man in relation to his parents. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker SpectraMax Plus 384 Microplate Reader Get absorbance measurements from 190 to 1000 nm quickly for samples in test tubes, cuvettes, and 96- or 384-well microplates. The SpectraMax® Plus 384 Microplate Reader gives you walk-up convenience for both standard spectrophotometer and microplate reader applications on the same instrument. Monochromator wavelength selection saves you the time and trouble of ever having to change out filters. Typical applications for this powerful reader include DNA and RNA quantification, enzyme kinetic assays, and ELISA based assays. When your project is ready for high throughput, take advantage of StakMax® automated microplate handling compatibility for full robotic integration. Step A stepfamily is a family where at least one parent has children that are not genetically related to the other spouse or partner. Either one parent may have children from a previous relationship. Children in a stepfamily may live with one biological parent, or they may live with each biological parent for a period of time. In addition, visitation rights mean that children in stepfamilies often have contact with both biological parents, even if they permanently live with only one. A child is referred to as the stepchild, stepdaughter or stepson of their biological parent's new spouse, and that person as the stepparent, stepfather or stepmother of the child. A stepfather is the husband of one's mother, and not one's biological father. A stepmother is the wife of one's father, and not one's biological mother. A step-grandmother is the wife of one's grandfather, and not one's biological grandmother. A step-grandfather is the husband of one's grandmother, and not one's biological grandfather. Similarly, a stepbrother is the son of a stepparent who one is not biologically related to. A stepsister is the daughter of a stepparent to whom one is not biologically related. A step-grandson is the son of a stepson or stepdaughter who one is not biologically related to. A step-granddaughter is the daughter of a stepson or stepdaughter who one is not biologically related. A parent's spouse of the same sex may also count as a stepparent. Study Baseline Point in study set to initial point. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Subject A living individual about whom a research investigator (whether a professional or a student) obtains data through 1) intervention or interaction with the individual, or 2) identifiable private information chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Tandem Mass Spectrometer Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, involves multiple steps of mass spectrometry selection, with some form of fragmentation occurring in between the stages. In a tandem mass spectrometer, ions are formed in the ion source and separated by mass-to-charge ratio in the first stage of mass spectrometry (MS1). Ions of a particular mass-to-charge ratio (precursor ions) are selected and fragment ions (product ions) are created by collision-induced dissociation, ion-molecule reaction, photodissociation, or other process. The resulting ions are then separated and detected in a second stage of mass spectrometry (MS2). chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Targeted Analyte A targeted analyte is one that has been selected by the CHEAR program as a prioritized analyte for CHEAR lab hubs to measure. Targeted Sequencing Nucleic acid sequencing that limits the scope of sequencing by filtering out portions of the nucleic acids that do not meet some criteria. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Third Trimester From 29 weeks through 40 weeks. Tobacco Metabolite chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Tri-Cell DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer The DMA-80 is based on the principles of sample thermal decomposition, mercury amalgamation and atomic absorption detection. The DMA-80 has been used to develop the US EPA method 7473 (Mercury in solids and solutions by thermal decomposition, amalgamation, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry). It is furthermore compliant with ASTM method D-6722-01 (Total mercury in coal and coal combustion residues) and ASTM method D-7623-10 (Total mercury in crude oil). chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Immunoturbidimetry An analytical technique that uses light scattering, a physical phenomenon resulting from the interaction of light with particles in solution, to measure the concentration of particles. The photometric signal is generated by a decrease in light intensity as a direct consequence of increasing turbidity in the reaction well. Immunoturbidimetry uses the classical antigen-antibody reaction. The antigen-antibody complexes are particles which can be optically detected by an photometer. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography Instrument Modern HPLC systems have been improved to work at much higher pressures, and therefore are able to use much smaller particle sizes in the columns (<2 μm). These "Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography" systems or UHPLCs can work at up to 120 MPa (17,405 lbf/in^2), or about 1200 atmospheres. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography - Mass Spectrometer chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometer 25.0 Visit The time interval of an encounter between a study subject and a study administrator. hasco:AnalyticalMethod ns1:AnalyticalMethod Analytical Method hasco:Attribute Attribute hasco:Chromatography ns1:Chromatography Chromatography hasco:CodeEliciting code eliciting hasco:Cohort ns1:Cohort cohort hasco:CohortStudy ns1:CohortStudy cohort study In a cohort study there is a passive follow-up of a group of people and a documentation of relevant characteristics or events related to this group of people. hasco:ComputationalExperiment computational experiment hasco:ConfigurationFile Configuration File hasco:Configurator Configurator hasco:CrossSectionalStudy cross-sectional study a type of observational study that involves the analysis of data collected from a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time. hasco:DASchema DA Schema Term not in HASCO v1.0 hasco:DASchemaAttribute DA Schema Attribute Term not in HASCO v1.0 hasco:DASchemaObject DA Schema Object Term not in HASCO v1.0 hasco:DataAcquisition Process of using instruments to collect data values for attributes of objects of interest. A data acquisition process is composed of a set of data acquisition actions where the the operating procedures for performing the data acquisition actions are exactly the same. data acquisition hasco:DataAcquisitionAction Data Acquisition Action hasco:DataVisualizationActivity data visualization activity hasco:Eliciting Eliciting hasco:EmpiricalExperiment A data acquisition where agents directly or indirectly involved with the acquisition may perform interventions to the entities of interest. empirical experiment hasco:ExperimentalStudy experimental study a method of research in which there are two kinds of variables. The independent variable is manipulated by the experimenter, and the dependent variable is measured hasco:FieldStudy field study hasco:GC-MS Gas-chromatography Mass-Spectrometry hasco:Immunoassay ns1:Immunoassay Immunoassay hasco:Indicator Indicator hasco:InstrumentPerspective ns1:InstrumentPerspective Instrument Perspective hasco:LC-MS Liquid-chromatography Mass-Spectrometry hasco:LaboratoryStudy laboratory study hasco:LimitOfDetection The lowest quantity of a substance that can be distinguished from the absence of that substance (a blank value) with a stated confidence level (generally 99%). The detection limit is estimated from the mean of the blank, the standard deviation of the blank and some confidence factor. Another consideration that affects the detection limit is the accuracy of the model used to predict concentration from the raw analytical signal. Limit of Detection hasco:LongitudinalStudy longitudinal study a type of observational study an in which data is gathered for the same entities of interest repeatedly over a period of time. hasco:Maker Maker hasco:MassSpectrometry ns1:MassSpectrometry Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionizes chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass to charge ratio. In simpler terms, a mass spectrum measures the masses within a sample. (Wikipedia) Mass Spectrometry hasco:Measuring Measuring hasco:Method Method hasco:Microscopy Microscopy hasco:Observation A data acquisition where agents directly or indirectly involved with the acquisition do not perform any form of intervention to the entities of interest. Observation hasco:ObservationalStudy observational study An observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population where the independent variable is not under the control of the researcher because of ethical concerns or logistical constraints hasco:PossibleValue Possible Value hasco:Project project hasco:QualityValue ns1:QualityValue Quality Value hasco:QualityVariable ns1:QualityVariable Quality Variable hasco:QuantityVariable ns1:QuantityVariable Quantity Variable hasco:RandomizedExperimentalStudy randomized experimental study Randomized experiments allow the greatest reliability and validity of statistical estimates of treatment effects. Increased reliability and validity comes from randomization, which involves randomly allocating experimental units across treatment groups. hasco:SOCGroup group hasco:SampleIndicator ns1:SampleIndicator Sample Indicator hasco:ScienceIndicator ns1:ScienceIndicator Science Indicator hasco:Simulating simulating hasco:Spectrometry Spectrometry hasco:Spectroscopy ns1:Spectroscopy Spectroscopy hasco:Study ns1:Study study hasco:StudyIndicator ns1:StudyIndicator Study Indicator hasco:StudyObject study object hasco:StudyStep study step hasco:SubjectInterview subject interview hasco:SubjectStudy subject study hasco:TandemMassSpectrometry ns1:TandemMassSpectrometry Tandem Mass Spectrometry hasco:TimedRoute Timed Route hasco:ValueEliciting value eliciting hasco:VirtualColumn Virtual Column Term not in HASCO v1.0 vstoi:AcceleratorMassSpectrometer Accelerator Mass Spectrometer vstoi:AerosolLidar Aerosol Lidar vstoi:AirglowImager Airglow Imager vstoi:AllSkyImager All Sky Imager vstoi:BiStaticRadar Bi Static Radar vstoi:BirefringentFilter Birefringent Filter Instrument vstoi:CCD CCD Imaging Detector vstoi:CalciumLidar Calcium Lidar vstoi:CoherentIonosphericRadar Coherent Ionospheric Radar vstoi:Dataset A collection of observations of the physical quantity of interest. They usually have a location, observatory, instrument, and parameter (or set of parameters) associated with them. They also have a format along with an epoch over which they were taken. Dataset 1 vstoi:Deployment A platform is deployed during a certain duration of time and over a certain spacial domain. The platform has instruments on it within the scope of this deployment. For example, a boat will carry certain instruments during a deployment, and those instruments will be removed once the deployment is completed. A stationary deployment can last a much longer time, even decades, with the same instrument. Deployment vstoi:Detector A device which detects measurements, such as temperature or wind velocity Detector vstoi:DifferentialAbsorptionLidar Differential Absorption Lidar vstoi:DopplerLidar Doppler Lidar vstoi:DopplerRadar Doppler Radar vstoi:FabryPerot A multiple-beam interferometer, usually consisting of two flat plates, with high reflective ability. The plates are set parallel to one another by spacers so that light waves may bounce back and forth between them several times. The requirements for constructive interference of reflected light waves of a given wavelength can be fulfilled only at particular angles, relative to the normal to the plates. Therefore, Fabry-Perot interferometers can be used as spectrometers with high resolution. Used as a laser resonator, the Fabry-Perot reinforces only light of specific frequencies traveling perpendicular to the mirror surfaces, and its successive reflections and amplifications form the oscillating mode. Febry Perot Interferometer vstoi:Film Film vstoi:FilterInstrument Filter Instrument vstoi:FourierTransformIonCyclotronMassSpectrometer Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Mass Spectrometer vstoi:GlowDischargeMassSpectrometer Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometer vstoi:GroundBasedIndices Ground Based Indices vstoi:GroundBasedInstrument Ground Based Instrument vstoi:GroundBasedRadar Ground Based Radar vstoi:HFRadar HF Radar vstoi:Heliograph Heliograph Optical Instrument vstoi:Imager Imager vstoi:ImagingDetector Imaging Detector vstoi:IncoherentScatterRadar Incoherent Scatter Radar vstoi:InductivelyCoupledMassSpectrometer Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometer vstoi:Instrument A device or mechanism that is used to achire attribute values of entities of interest. An instrument does not necessarily require a way to store its measured quantity (e.g, a hard disk). Instrument vstoi:InstrumentOperatingMode A configuration which allows the instrument to produce the required signal. Instrument Operating Mode vstoi:InterferenceFilter Interface Filter Instrument vstoi:Interferometer An instrument that uses the principle of interference of electromagnetic waves for purposes of measurement. Note: Interferometers may be used to measure a variety of physical variables, such as displacement (distance), temperature, pressure, and strain. Interferometer vstoi:IonCyclotronMassSpectrometer Ion Cyclotron Mass Spectrometer vstoi:IonSonde Ion Sonde vstoi:IonosphericDopplerRadar Ionospheric Doppler Radar vstoi:IronLidar Iron Lidar vstoi:KnudsenEffusionMassSpectrometer Knudsen Effusion Mass Spectrometer vstoi:LFRadar LF Radar vstoi:Laboratory A platform where instruments are deployed under controlled operation conditions Laboratory vstoi:Lidar Lidar vstoi:LyotFilter Lyot Filter Instrument vstoi:MFRadar MF Radar vstoi:MSTRadar MST Radar vstoi:Magnetometer Magnetometer vstoi:MassSpectrometer Mass Spectrometer vstoi:MattauchHerzogSmallVolumeMassSpectrometer Mattauch Herzog Small Volume Mass Spectrometer vstoi:MeteorWindRadar Meteor Wind Radar vstoi:MichelsonInterferometer Michelson Interferometer vstoi:MiddleAtmosphereRadar Middle Stmosphere Radar vstoi:Model An instrument used to generate synthetic data values for formuli that describe entities of interest. Model vstoi:MultiChannelPhotometer Multi Channel Photometer vstoi:MultiCollectorMassSpectrometer Multi Collector Mass Spectrometer vstoi:Observatory A facility which houses and operates one or more instruments either synoptically or periodically. It has a physical location and operating hours. It can be either manned or remote. Observatory vstoi:OpticalInstrument Optical Instrument vstoi:OzoneLidar Ozone Lidar vstoi:OzoneSonde Ozone Sounde vstoi:PhasedArrayRadar Phased Array Radar vstoi:Photometer Photometer vstoi:PhysicalInstrument A device that measures a physical phenomenon or parameter. At a minimum, it possesses a detector which produces a signal from which the desired quantity is calculated or inferred. The detector signal possesses the information needed to either obtain the value of the phenomenon (e.g, temperature: a voltage is converted into a temperature unit) or infer its value using further processing and computation (magnetic fields: detector intensities at a different wavelengths and polarization states are processed to infer a magnetic field strength). An instrument does not necessarily require a way to store its measured quantity (e.g, a hard disk). Physical Instrument vstoi:Platform A surface onto which instruments are deployed to collect data Platform vstoi:Polarimeter Polarimeter vstoi:PotassiumLidar Potassium Lidar vstoi:Questionnaire An instrument used to acquire data reported from human subjects. Questionnaire vstoi:Radar Radar vstoi:RamanLidar Raman Lidar vstoi:RayleighLidar Rayleigh Lidar vstoi:ResonanceIonizationMassSpectrometer Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometer vstoi:STRadar ST Radar vstoi:SecondaryIonMassSpectrometer Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer vstoi:SectorFieldMassSpectrometer Sector Field Mass Spectrometer vstoi:SensingPerspective Sensing Perspective vstoi:SingleChannelPhotometer Single Channel Photometer vstoi:SodiumLidar Sodium Lidar vstoi:Sounder Sounder vstoi:SpaceCraft Space Craft vstoi:SparkSourceMassSpectrometer Spark Source Mass Spectrometer vstoi:SpectroHeliograph Spectro Heliograph Optical Instrument vstoi:SpectroPhotometer Spectro Photometer vstoi:SpectroPolarimeter Spectro Polarimeter vstoi:Spectrograph Spectrograph vstoi:Spectrometer Spectrometer vstoi:StationaryDeployment A deployment of a platform that does not move, it remains in one place with a given latitude, longitude, and altitude. Stationary Deployment vstoi:StrontiumLidar Strontium Lidar vstoi:SyntheticApertureRadar Synthetic Aperture Radar vstoi:Telescope Telescope vstoi:Thermometer A device that measures temperature Thermometer vstoi:UHFRadar UHF Radar vstoi:VHFRadar VHF Radar BFO:0000001 entity Entity Julius Caesar Verdi’s Requiem the Second World War your body mass index BFO 2 Reference: In all areas of empirical inquiry we encounter general terms of two sorts. First are general terms which refer to universals or types:animaltuberculosissurgical procedurediseaseSecond, are general terms used to refer to groups of entities which instantiate a given universal but do not correspond to the extension of any subuniversal of that universal because there is nothing intrinsic to the entities in question by virtue of which they – and only they – are counted as belonging to the given group. Examples are: animal purchased by the Emperortuberculosis diagnosed on a Wednesdaysurgical procedure performed on a patient from Stockholmperson identified as candidate for clinical trial #2056-555person who is signatory of Form 656-PPVpainting by Leonardo da VinciSuch terms, which represent what are called ‘specializations’ in [81 Entity doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example Werner Ceusters 'portions of reality' include 4 sorts, entities (as BFO construes them), universals, configurations, and relations. It is an open question as to whether entities as construed in BFO will at some point also include these other portions of reality. See, for example, 'How to track absolutely everything' at http://www.referent-tracking.com/_RTU/papers/CeustersICbookRevised.pdf An entity is anything that exists or has existed or will exist. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [001-001]) entity BFO:0000002 continuant Continuant An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO 2 Reference: Continuant entities are entities which can be sliced to yield parts only along the spatial dimension, yielding for example the parts of your table which we call its legs, its top, its nails. ‘My desk stretches from the window to the door. It has spatial parts, and can be sliced (in space) in two. With respect to time, however, a thing is a continuant.’ [60, p. 240 Continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. For example, in an expansion involving bringing in some of Ceuster's other portions of reality, questions are raised as to whether universals are continuants A continuant is an entity that persists, endures, or continues to exist through time while maintaining its identity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [008-002]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, c has_continuant_part b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [126-001]) if b is a continuant and if, for some t, cis continuant_part of b at t, then c is a continuant. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [009-002]) if b is a material entity, then there is some temporal interval (referred to below as a one-dimensional temporal region) during which b exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [011-002]) (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (continuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [009-002] (forall (x y) (if (and (Continuant x) (exists (t) (hasContinuantPartOfAt y x t))) (Continuant y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [126-001] (forall (x) (if (Continuant x) (Entity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [008-002] (forall (x) (if (Material Entity x) (exists (t) (and (TemporalRegion t) (existsAt x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [011-002] continuant BFO:0000003 occurrent Occurrent An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. BFO 2 Reference: every occurrent that is not a temporal or spatiotemporal region is s-dependent on some independent continuant that is not a spatial region BFO 2 Reference: s-dependence obtains between every process and its participants in the sense that, as a matter of necessity, this process could not have existed unless these or those participants existed also. A process may have a succession of participants at different phases of its unfolding. Thus there may be different players on the field at different times during the course of a football game; but the process which is the entire game s-depends_on all of these players nonetheless. Some temporal parts of this process will s-depend_on on only some of the players. Occurrent doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the sum of a process and the process boundary of another process. Simons uses different terminology for relations of occurrents to regions: Denote the spatio-temporal location of a given occurrent e by 'spn[e]' and call this region its span. We may say an occurrent is at its span, in any larger region, and covers any smaller region. Now suppose we have fixed a frame of reference so that we can speak not merely of spatio-temporal but also of spatial regions (places) and temporal regions (times). The spread of an occurrent, (relative to a frame of reference) is the space it exactly occupies, and its spell is likewise the time it exactly occupies. We write 'spr[e]' and `spl[e]' respectively for the spread and spell of e, omitting mention of the frame. An occurrent is an entity that unfolds itself in time or it is the instantaneous boundary of such an entity (for example a beginning or an ending) or it is a temporal or spatiotemporal region which such an entity occupies_temporal_region or occupies_spatiotemporal_region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [077-002]) Every occurrent occupies_spatiotemporal_region some spatiotemporal region. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [108-001]) b is an occurrent entity iff b is an entity that has temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [079-001]) (forall (x) (if (Occurrent x) (exists (r) (and (SpatioTemporalRegion r) (occupiesSpatioTemporalRegion x r))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [108-001] (forall (x) (iff (Occurrent x) (and (Entity x) (exists (y) (temporalPartOf y x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [079-001] occurrent BFO:0000004 ic IndependentContinuant a chair a heart a leg a molecule a spatial region an atom an orchestra. an organism the bottom right portion of a human torso the interior of your mouth A continuant that is a bearer of quality and realizable entity entities, in which other entities inhere and which itself cannot inhere in anything. b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) For any independent continuant b and any time t there is some spatial region r such that b is located_in r at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [134-001]) For every independent continuant b and time t during the region of time spanned by its life, there are entities which s-depends_on b during t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [018-002]) (forall (x t) (if (IndependentContinuant x) (exists (r) (and (SpatialRegion r) (locatedInAt x r t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [134-001] (forall (x t) (if (and (IndependentContinuant x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (Entity y) (specificallyDependsOnAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [018-002] (iff (IndependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (not (exists (b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [017-002] independent continuant BFO:0000006 s-region SpatialRegion BFO 2 Reference: Spatial regions do not participate in processes. Spatial region doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't exhaust all possibilites. An example would be the union of a spatial point and a spatial line that doesn't overlap the point, or two spatial lines that intersect at a single point. In both cases the resultant spatial region is neither 0-dimensional, 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, or 3-dimensional. A spatial region is a continuant entity that is a continuant_part_of spaceR as defined relative to some frame R. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [035-001]) All continuant parts of spatial regions are spatial regions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [036-001]) (forall (x y t) (if (and (SpatialRegion x) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)) (SpatialRegion y))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [036-001] (forall (x) (if (SpatialRegion x) (Continuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [035-001] spatial region BFO:0000009 2d-s-region TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion an infinitely thin plane in space. the surface of a sphere-shaped part of space A two-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of two dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [039-001]) (forall (x) (if (TwoDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [039-001] two-dimensional spatial region BFO:0000015 process Process a process of cell-division, \ a beating of the heart a process of meiosis a process of sleeping the course of a disease the flight of a bird the life of an organism your process of aging. An occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) BFO 2 Reference: The realm of occurrents is less pervasively marked by the presence of natural units than is the case in the realm of independent continuants. Thus there is here no counterpart of ‘object’. In BFO 1.0 ‘process’ served as such a counterpart. In BFO 2.0 ‘process’ is, rather, the occurrent counterpart of ‘material entity’. Those natural – as contrasted with engineered, which here means: deliberately executed – units which do exist in the realm of occurrents are typically either parasitic on the existence of natural units on the continuant side, or they are fiat in nature. Thus we can count lives; we can count football games; we can count chemical reactions performed in experiments or in chemical manufacturing. We cannot count the processes taking place, for instance, in an episode of insect mating behavior.Even where natural units are identifiable, for example cycles in a cyclical process such as the beating of a heart or an organism’s sleep/wake cycle, the processes in question form a sequence with no discontinuities (temporal gaps) of the sort that we find for instance where billiard balls or zebrafish or planets are separated by clear spatial gaps. Lives of organisms are process units, but they too unfold in a continuous series from other, prior processes such as fertilization, and they unfold in turn in continuous series of post-life processes such as post-mortem decay. Clear examples of boundaries of processes are almost always of the fiat sort (midnight, a time of death as declared in an operating theater or on a death certificate, the initiation of a state of war) (iff (Process a) (and (Occurrent a) (exists (b) (properTemporalPartOf b a)) (exists (c t) (and (MaterialEntity c) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [083-003] process BFO:0000016 disposition Disposition an atom of element X has the disposition to decay to an atom of element Y certain people have a predisposition to colon cancer children are innately disposed to categorize objects in certain ways. the cell wall is disposed to filter chemicals in endocytosis and exocytosis BFO 2 Reference: Dispositions exist along a strength continuum. Weaker forms of disposition are realized in only a fraction of triggering cases. These forms occur in a significant number of cases of a similar type. b is a disposition means: b is a realizable entity & b’s bearer is some material entity & b is such that if it ceases to exist, then its bearer is physically changed, & b’s realization occurs when and because this bearer is in some special physical circumstances, & this realization occurs in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [062-002]) If b is a realizable entity then for all t at which b exists, b s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [063-002]) (forall (x t) (if (and (RealizableEntity x) (existsAt x t)) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (specificallyDepends x y t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [063-002] (forall (x) (if (Disposition x) (and (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (MaterialEntity y) (bearerOfAt x y t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [062-002] disposition BFO:0000017 realizable RealizableEntity the disposition of this piece of metal to conduct electricity. the disposition of your blood to coagulate the function of your reproductive organs the role of being a doctor the role of this boundary to delineate where Utah and Colorado meet A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. To say that b is a realizable entity is to say that b is a specifically dependent continuant that inheres in some independent continuant which is not a spatial region and is of a type instances of which are realized in processes of a correlated type. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [058-002]) All realizable dependent continuants have independent continuants that are not spatial regions as their bearers. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [060-002]) (forall (x t) (if (RealizableEntity x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (bearerOfAt y x t))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [060-002] (forall (x) (if (RealizableEntity x) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x) (exists (y) (and (IndependentContinuant y) (not (SpatialRegion y)) (inheresIn x y)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [058-002] realizable entity BFO:0000018 0d-s-region ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion A zero-dimensional spatial region is a point in space. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [037-001]) (forall (x) (if (ZeroDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [037-001] zero-dimensional spatial region BFO:0000019 quality Quality the ambient temperature of this portion of air the color of a tomato the length of the circumference of your waist the mass of this piece of gold. the shape of your nose the shape of your nostril a quality is a specifically dependent continuant that, in contrast to roles and dispositions, does not require any further process in order to be realized. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [055-001]) If an entity is a quality at any time that it exists, then it is a quality at every time that it exists. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [105-001]) (forall (x) (if (Quality x) (SpecificallyDependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [055-001] (forall (x) (if (exists (t) (and (existsAt x t) (Quality x))) (forall (t_1) (if (existsAt x t_1) (Quality x))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [105-001] quality BFO:0000020 sdc SpecificallyDependentContinuant Reciprocal specifically dependent continuants: the function of this key to open this lock and the mutually dependent disposition of this lock: to be opened by this key of one-sided specifically dependent continuants: the mass of this tomato of relational dependent continuants (multiple bearers): John’s love for Mary, the ownership relation between John and this statue, the relation of authority between John and his subordinates. the disposition of this fish to decay the function of this heart: to pump blood the mutual dependence of proton donors and acceptors in chemical reactions [79 the mutual dependence of the role predator and the role prey as played by two organisms in a given interaction the pink color of a medium rare piece of grilled filet mignon at its center the role of being a doctor the shape of this hole. the smell of this portion of mozzarella A continuant that inheres in or is borne by other entities. Every instance of A requires some specific instance of B which must always be the same. b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n &gt; 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i &lt; j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) Specifically dependent continuant doesn't have a closure axiom because the subclasses don't necessarily exhaust all possibilites. We're not sure what else will develop here, but for example there are questions such as what are promises, obligation, etc. (iff (RelationalSpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (forall (t) (exists (b c) (and (not (SpatialRegion b)) (not (SpatialRegion c)) (not (= b c)) (not (exists (d) (and (continuantPartOfAt d b t) (continuantPartOfAt d c t)))) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t) (specificallyDependsOnAt a c t)))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [131-004] (iff (SpecificallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (forall (t) (if (existsAt a t) (exists (b) (and (IndependentContinuant b) (not (SpatialRegion b)) (specificallyDependsOnAt a b t))))))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [050-003] specifically dependent continuant BFO:0000023 role Role John’s role of husband to Mary is dependent on Mary’s role of wife to John, and both are dependent on the object aggregate comprising John and Mary as member parts joined together through the relational quality of being married. the priest role the role of a boundary to demarcate two neighboring administrative territories the role of a building in serving as a military target the role of a stone in marking a property boundary the role of subject in a clinical trial the student role A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. BFO 2 Reference: One major family of examples of non-rigid universals involves roles, and ontologies developed for corresponding administrative purposes may consist entirely of representatives of entities of this sort. Thus ‘professor’, defined as follows,b instance_of professor at t =Def. there is some c, c instance_of professor role & c inheres_in b at t.denotes a non-rigid universal and so also do ‘nurse’, ‘student’, ‘colonel’, ‘taxpayer’, and so forth. (These terms are all, in the jargon of philosophy, phase sortals.) By using role terms in definitions, we can create a BFO conformant treatment of such entities drawing on the fact that, while an instance of professor may be simultaneously an instance of trade union member, no instance of the type professor role is also (at any time) an instance of the type trade union member role (any more than any instance of the type color is at any time an instance of the type length).If an ontology of employment positions should be defined in terms of roles following the above pattern, this enables the ontology to do justice to the fact that individuals instantiate the corresponding universals – professor, sergeant, nurse – only during certain phases in their lives. b is a role means: b is a realizable entity & b exists because there is some single bearer that is in some special physical, social, or institutional set of circumstances in which this bearer does not have to be& b is not such that, if it ceases to exist, then the physical make-up of the bearer is thereby changed. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [061-001]) (forall (x) (if (Role x) (RealizableEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [061-001] role BFO:0000026 1d-s-region OneDimensionalSpatialRegion an edge of a cube-shaped portion of space. A one-dimensional spatial region is a line or aggregate of lines stretching from one point in space to another. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [038-001]) (forall (x) (if (OneDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [038-001] one-dimensional spatial region BFO:0000028 3d-s-region ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion a cube-shaped region of space a sphere-shaped region of space, A three-dimensional spatial region is a spatial region that is of three dimensions. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [040-001]) (forall (x) (if (ThreeDimensionalSpatialRegion x) (SpatialRegion x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [040-001] three-dimensional spatial region BFO:0000031 gdc GenericallyDependentContinuant The entries in your database are patterns instantiated as quality instances in your hard drive. The database itself is an aggregate of such patterns. When you create the database you create a particular instance of the generically dependent continuant type database. Each entry in the database is an instance of the generically dependent continuant type IAO: information content entity. the pdf file on your laptop, the pdf file that is a copy thereof on my laptop the sequence of this protein molecule; the sequence that is a copy thereof in that protein molecule. A continuant that is dependent on one or other independent continuant bearers. For every instance of A requires some instance of (an independent continuant type) B but which instance of B serves can change from time to time. b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) (iff (GenericallyDependentContinuant a) (and (Continuant a) (exists (b t) (genericallyDependsOnAt a b t)))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [074-001] generically dependent continuant BFO:0000034 function Function the function of a hammer to drive in nails the function of a heart pacemaker to regulate the beating of a heart through electricity the function of amylase in saliva to break down starch into sugar BFO 2 Reference: In the past, we have distinguished two varieties of function, artifactual function and biological function. These are not asserted subtypes of BFO:function however, since the same function – for example: to pump, to transport – can exist both in artifacts and in biological entities. The asserted subtypes of function that would be needed in order to yield a separate monoheirarchy are not artifactual function, biological function, etc., but rather transporting function, pumping function, etc. A function is a disposition that exists in virtue of the bearer’s physical make-up and this physical make-up is something the bearer possesses because it came into being, either through evolution (in the case of natural biological entities) or through intentional design (in the case of artifacts), in order to realize processes of a certain sort. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [064-001]) (forall (x) (if (Function x) (Disposition x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [064-001] function BFO:0000040 material MaterialEntity a flame a forest fire a human being a hurricane a photon a puff of smoke a sea wave a tornado an aggregate of human beings. an energy wave an epidemic the undetached arm of a human being An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO 2 Reference: Material entities (continuants) can preserve their identity even while gaining and losing material parts. Continuants are contrasted with occurrents, which unfold themselves in successive temporal parts or phases [60 BFO 2 Reference: Object, Fiat Object Part and Object Aggregate are not intended to be exhaustive of Material Entity. Users are invited to propose new subcategories of Material Entity. BFO 2 Reference: ‘Matter’ is intended to encompass both mass and energy (we will address the ontological treatment of portions of energy in a later version of BFO). A portion of matter is anything that includes elementary particles among its proper or improper parts: quarks and leptons, including electrons, as the smallest particles thus far discovered; baryons (including protons and neutrons) at a higher level of granularity; atoms and molecules at still higher levels, forming the cells, organs, organisms and other material entities studied by biologists, the portions of rock studied by geologists, the fossils studied by paleontologists, and so on.Material entities are three-dimensional entities (entities extended in three spatial dimensions), as contrasted with the processes in which they participate, which are four-dimensional entities (entities extended also along the dimension of time).According to the FMA, material entities may have immaterial entities as parts – including the entities identified below as sites; for example the interior (or ‘lumen’) of your small intestine is a part of your body. BFO 2.0 embodies a decision to follow the FMA here. A material entity is an independent continuant that has some portion of matter as proper or improper continuant part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [019-002]) Every entity which has a material entity as continuant part is a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [020-002]) every entity of which a material entity is continuant part is also a material entity. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [021-002]) (forall (x) (if (MaterialEntity x) (IndependentContinuant x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [019-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt x y t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [021-002] (forall (x) (if (and (Entity x) (exists (y t) (and (MaterialEntity y) (continuantPartOfAt y x t)))) (MaterialEntity x))) // axiom label in BFO2 CLIF: [020-002] material entity BFO:0000141 immaterial ImmaterialEntity BFO 2 Reference: Immaterial entities are divided into two subgroups:boundaries and sites, which bound, or are demarcated in relation, to material entities, and which can thus change location, shape and size and as their material hosts move or change shape or size (for example: your nasal passage; the hold of a ship; the boundary of Wales (which moves with the rotation of the Earth) [38, 7, 10 immaterial entity Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Volatile Organic Compound Environmental Phenol CHEBI:16670 peptide Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc. peptide dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfooxy derivative of dehydroepiandrosterone. CHEBI:16991 deoxyribonucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. deoxyribonucleic acid glucose An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. Benzophenone CHEBI:23367 molecular entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. We are assuming that every molecular entity has to be completely connected by chemical bonds. This excludes protein complexes, which are comprised of minimally two separate molecular entities. We will follow up with Chebi to ensure this is their understanding as well molecular entity cyclic peptide A molecular entity capable of accepting a hydron from a donor (Bronsted acid). Phthalate Vitamin D Vitamin D is a group of fat-soluble prohormones, which can be obtained from sun exposure, food and supplements. Vitamin D is biologically inactive and converted to the biologically active calcitriol via double hydroxylation in the body. 8-isoprostane CHEBI:33250 atom A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. atom PAH CHEBI:33696 nucleic acid A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid. nucleic acid CHEBI:33697 ribonucleic acid High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. ribonucleic acid CHEBI:33839 macromolecule A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. polymer macromolecule chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Hemoglobin The iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates (with the exception of the fish family Channichthyidae), as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs (lungs or gills) to the rest of the body (i.e. the tissues). There it releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism. Nitrogen Oxide Fatty Acid Any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. Organochlorine Compound 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. Polychlorobiphenyl Insulin A peptide hormone produced in the pancreas and involved in regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates (particularly glucose) and fats. Commonly thought of as a protein, it consists of two petide chains, one containing 21 amino acid residues and the other containing 30; the chains are joined together by 2 disulfide bonds. Recombinant insulin is identical to human insulin, but is synthesised by inserting the human insulin gene into E. coli, which then produces insulin for human use. It is used in the treatment of type I and type II diabetes. Paraben CL:0000000 cell cell PMID:18089833.Cancer Res. 2007 Dec 15;67(24):12018-25. "...Epithelial cells were harvested from histologically confirmed adenocarcinomas .." A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CALOHA:TS-2035 FBbt:00007002 FMA:68646 GO:0005623 KUPO:0000002 MESH:D002477 VHOG:0001533 WBbt:0004017 XAO:0003012 The definition of cell is intended to represent all cells, and thus a cell is defined as a material entity and not an anatomical structure, which implies that it is part of an organism (or the entirety of one). Cell cell cell A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. CARO:mah CL:0000001 A cultured cell that is freshly isolated from a organismal source, or derives in culture from such a cell prior to the culture being passaged. BTO:0002290 primary cell culture cell unpassaged cultured cell primary cell line cell Covers cells actively being cultured or stored in a quiescent state for future use. primary cultured cell A cultured cell that is freshly isolated from a organismal source, or derives in culture from such a cell prior to the culture being passaged. ReO:mhb CL:0000002 OBSOLETE: A cell line cell that is expected to be capable of an unlimited number of divisions, and is thus able to support indefinite growth/propagation in vitro as part of a immortal cell line. continuous cell line cell permanent cell line cell Obsoleted in July 2013 and replaced by the CLO 'immortal cell line cell' class, as a result of CLO-OBI-CL alignment efforts. Covers cells actively being cultured or stored in a quiescent state for future use. obsolete immortal cell line cell true OBSOLETE: A cell line cell that is expected to be capable of an unlimited number of divisions, and is thus able to support indefinite growth/propagation in vitro as part of a immortal cell line. ReO:mhb CL:0000003 OBSOLETE. A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). CARO:0000013 cell in vivo abnormal cell obsolete native cell true OBSOLETE. A cell that is found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). CARO:mah CL:0000004 OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the organisms within which they are contained. CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell can be classified by its species. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by organism true OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the organisms within which they are contained. FB:ma CL:0000005 Any fibroblast that is deriived from the neural crest. fibroblast neural crest derived Any fibroblast that is deriived from the neural crest. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000006 neuronal receptor cell (sensu Animalia) neuronal receptor cell CL:0000007 A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the gem layers is complete. early embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell found in the embryo before the formation of all the gem layers is complete. GOC:tfm CL:0000008 Cell that is part of the migratory cranial neural crest population. Migratory cranial neural crest cells develop from premigratory cranial neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. migratory cranial neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory cranial neural crest population. Migratory cranial neural crest cells develop from premigratory cranial neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. ZFA:0007091 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000009 Obsolete. Use PO:0000079 from Plant Ontology instead. An elongated cell with approximately wedge-shaped ends, found in the vascular cambium, which gives rise to the elements of the axial system in the secondary vascular tissues. xylem initial xylem mother cell obsolete fusiform initial true Obsolete. Use PO:0000079 from Plant Ontology instead. An elongated cell with approximately wedge-shaped ends, found in the vascular cambium, which gives rise to the elements of the axial system in the secondary vascular tissues. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000010 cultured cell A cell in vitro that is or has been maintained or propagated as part of a cell culture. MESH:D002478 Note that this class was re-labeled to 'cultured cell' instead of 'cell line cell', as it intent was clarified to cover any cultured cells of multicellular and unicellular organisms. This includes cells actively being cultured, or cells that have been cultured but are stored in a quiescent state for future use. In having been cultured, cells must establish homeostasis and often replicate in a foreign environment. Accomodation of this stress initiates a selection of cells fit for such challenges, wherein necessary adaptive biochemical and.or genetic changes can occur. These changes can set them apart from the in vivo cells from which they derive, and such changes will typically accumulate and change over increasing time in culture. cultured cell A cell in vitro that is or has been maintained or propagated as part of a cell culture. ReO:mhb CL:0000011 Cell that is part of the migratory trunk neural crest population. Migratory trunk neural crest cells develop from premigratory trunk neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. migratory trunk neural crest cell Cell that is part of the migratory trunk neural crest population. Migratory trunk neural crest cells develop from premigratory trunk neural crest cells and have undergone epithelial to mesenchymal transition and delamination. ZFA:0007095 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000012 CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell can be classified. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by class true CL:0000013 CL:0000140 obsolete dentine secreting cell true CL:0000014 A stem cell that is the precursor of gametes. FBbt:00004861 germline stem cell germ line stem cell true A stem cell that is the precursor of gametes. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.016 CL:0000015 A germ cell that supports male gamete production. In some species, non-germ cells known as Sertoli cells also play a role in spermatogenesis. FMA:72290 MA:0002765 VHOG:0001531 ncithesaurus:Spermatogenic_Cell male germ cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/574 true A germ cell that supports male gamete production. In some species, non-germ cells known as Sertoli cells also play a role in spermatogenesis. PMID:29462262 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000016 A stem cell that is the precursor of male gametes. FBbt:00004929 male germ line stem cell A stem cell that is the precursor of male gametes. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.016 CL:0000017 A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. BTO:0001275 CALOHA:TS-0951 EMAPA:31484 FBbt:00004936 FMA:84049 WBbt:0006799 spermatocyte A male germ cell that develops from spermatogonia. The euploid primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis and give rise to the haploid secondary spermatocytes which in turn give rise to spermatids. GOC:tfm MESH:D013090 CL:0000018 A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa. BTO:0001274 CALOHA:TS-0950 EMAPA:31486 FBbt:00004942 FMA:72294 WBbt:0006800 nematoblast spermatid A male germ cell that develops from the haploid secondary spermatocytes. Without further division, spermatids undergo structural changes and give rise to spermatozoa. MESH:D013087 CL:0000019 A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. BTO:0001277 BTO:0002046 CALOHA:TS-0949 FBbt:00004954 FMA:67338 WBbt:0006798 sperm cell spermatozoid spermatozoon sperm true A mature male germ cell that develops from a spermatid. GOC:tfm MESH:D013094 CL:0000020 An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. BTO:0000958 CALOHA:TS-2193 EMAPA:31482 FBbt:00004934 FBbt:00004935 FMA:72291 spermatogonial cell spermatogonium An euploid male germ cell of an early stage of spermatogenesis. MESH:D013093 CL:0000021 Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production. MA:0000388 VHOG:0001530 ncithesaurus:Egg female germ cell true Female germ cell is a germ cell that supports female gamete production. GOC:tfm PMID:11023867 PMID:20454446 CL:0000022 A stem cell that is the precursor of female gametes. FBbt:00004873 female germ line stem cell true true A stem cell that is the precursor of female gametes. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2012.05.016 CL:0000023 A female germ cell that has entered meiosis. BTO:0000964 CALOHA:TS-0711 FBbt:00004886 FMA:18644 MESH:D009865 WBbt:0006797 oogonium oocyte true A female germ cell that has entered meiosis. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000024 An undifferentiated germ cell that proliferates rapidly and gives rise to oocytes. FMA:83673 oogonial cell true An undifferentiated germ cell that proliferates rapidly and gives rise to oocytes. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000025 A female gamete where meiosis has progressed to metaphase II and is able to participate in fertilization. BTO:0000369 BTO:0003801 CALOHA:TS-2191 FBbt:00057012 FMA:67343 MESH:D010063 mature oocyte ovum egg cell https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Egg_cell.svg true A female gamete where meiosis has progressed to metaphase II and is able to participate in fertilization. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000026 A germline cell that contributes to the development of the oocyte by transferring cytoplasm directly to oocyte. BTO:0000953 FBbt:00004878 nurse cell invertebrate nurse cell A germline cell that contributes to the development of the oocyte by transferring cytoplasm directly to oocyte. GOC:tfm PMID:15848391 CL:0000027 A smooth muscle cell derived from the neural crest. smooth muscle cell neural crest derived true A smooth muscle cell derived from the neural crest. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000028 CNS neuron (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0000029 neuron neural crest derived neural crest derived neuron true CL:0000030 glioblast CL:0000031 A cell that will develop into a neuron often after a migration phase. BTO:0000930 FMA:70563 neuroblast neuroblast (sensu Vertebrata) A cell that will develop into a neuron often after a migration phase. GOC:NV http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroblast CL:0000032 A cell of a platelike structure, especially a thickened plate of ectoderm in the early embryo, from which a sense organ develops. neural placode cell neuroplacodal cell A cell of a platelike structure, especially a thickened plate of ectoderm in the early embryo, from which a sense organ develops. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000033 An exocrine cell characterized by loss of part of the cytoplasm during the process of secretion. The secreted substance is accumulated at the apical end and is either budded off through the plasma membrane producing secreted vesicles or dissolved in the cytoplasm that is lost during secretion. apocrine cell An exocrine cell characterized by loss of part of the cytoplasm during the process of secretion. The secreted substance is accumulated at the apical end and is either budded off through the plasma membrane producing secreted vesicles or dissolved in the cytoplasm that is lost during secretion. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 PMID:25960390 CL:0000034 A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. CALOHA:TS-2086 FMA:63368 animal stem cell This term applies to metazoan. For plant stem cells, consider using PO:0004011 ‘initial cell’ or its parent PO:0004010 ‘meristematic cell’. stem cell A relatively undifferentiated cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. GOC:tfm MESH:D013234 CL:0000035 A stem cell that self-renews as well as give rise to a single mature cell type. FMA:70569 unipotent stem cell unipotential stem cell single fate stem cell A stem cell that self-renews as well as give rise to a single mature cell type. GOC:tfm CL:0000036 epithelial stem cell epithelial fate stem cell CL:0000037 A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells lack cell markers of effector cells (lin-negative). Lin-negative is defined by lacking one or more of the following cell surface markers: CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5 ,CD8 alpha chain, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56, ly6G, ter119. BTO:0000725 CALOHA:TS-0448 FMA:86475 MESH:D006412 VHOG:0001485 blood forming stem cell hemopoietic stem cell HSC colony forming unit hematopoietic Markers differ between species, and two sets of markers have been described for mice. HSCs are reportedly CD34-positive, CD45-positive, CD48-negative, CD150-positive, CD133-positive, and CD244-negative. hematopoietic stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system. Hematopoietic stem cells lack cell markers of effector cells (lin-negative). Lin-negative is defined by lacking one or more of the following cell surface markers: CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5 ,CD8 alpha chain, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD56, ly6G, ter119. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopoietic_stem_cell HSC CL:0000038 A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. BTO:0004911 BFU-E CFU-E blast forming unit erythroid burst forming unit erythroid colony forming unit erythroid erythroid stem cell erythroid progenitor cell true A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 BFU-E CFU-E CL:0000039 A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring. Originally this term had some plant germ line cell children. germ line cell A cell that is within the developmental lineage of gametes and is able to pass along its genetic material to offspring. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000040 A myeloid progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. This cell is CD11b-positive, has basophilic cytoplasm, euchromatin, and the presence of a nucleolus. CALOHA:TS-1195 FMA:83553 CFU-M colony forming unit macrophage colony forming unit monocyte monocyte stem cell Morphology: mononuclear cell, diameter 12-20 _M, non-granular, N/C ratio 3/1 - 4/1; markers: CD11b (shared with many other myeloid cells); location: Adult: bone marrow; fetal: liver, Yolk Sac; role or process: hematopoiesis, monocyte development; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. monoblast true A myeloid progenitor cell committed to the monocyte lineage. This cell is CD11b-positive, has basophilic cytoplasm, euchromatin, and the presence of a nucleolus. GOC:add PMID:1104740 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoblast http://www.copewithcytokines.de CFU-M CL:0000041 A fully differentiated eosinophil, a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Cells are also differentiated from other granulocytes by a small nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio (1:3). This cell type is CD49d-positive. The status of eosinophils as true professional antigen presenting cells is unclear, despite their ability to present exogenous peptides and peptides processed from exogenous proteins (in certain studies) via MHC Class II and activate T cells. Per the equivalence axioms, 'eosinophil' is reasoned to be a subclass of 'professional antigen presenting cell', though the role of eosinophils as such in the body may be limited. polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte mature eosinocyte mature eosinophil leucocyte mature eosinophil leukocyte Eosinophils are CD125-positive (IL-5R), GM-CSFR-positive, IL-3R-positive, VLA4-positive. They can also express MHC Class I & II, CD4, CD9, CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD13, CD15, CD16, CD17, CD18, CD24, CD25,CD28, CD29, CD32, CD33, CD35, CD37, CD39, CD43, CD44, CD45, CD45RB, CD45RO, CD46, CD47, CD48, CD49d, CD49f, CD50, CD52, CD53, CD54, CD55, CD58, CD59, CD62L, CD63, CD65, CD66, CD69, CD71, CD76, CD80, CD81, CD82, CD86, CD87, CD88, CD89, CD92, CD95, CD97, CD98, CD99, CD100, CD101, CD116, CD117, CD119, CD120, CD123, CD124, CD125, CD131, CD137, CD139, CD148, CD149, CD151, CD153, CD156, CD162, CD161, CD162, CD165, CD174, CD182, CD183, CD191, CD192, CD193, CD196, CD213, IL9R, ad integrin, beta-7 integrin, FceRI, IL13Ra1, TGFbR, PAFR, LTB4R, C3aR, CystLT1R, CystLT2R, fMLPR, CRTH2 (PGD2 receptor), histamine 4R, IDO, KYN, PAR-2, Siglec-8, Siglec-10, LIR1, LIR2, LIR3, LIR7, TLR7, TLR8, and VLA-4. Eosinophils can also secrete CXCL1, eotaxin-1, GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-16, IL-18, IFN-gamma, LTC4, MIP-1alpha, NGF, PAF, RANTES, substance P, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, and VIP. mature eosinophil true A fully differentiated eosinophil, a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Cells are also differentiated from other granulocytes by a small nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio (1:3). This cell type is CD49d-positive. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 http://www.cap.org CL:0000042 A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. This cell type is GATA-1 positive, C/EBPa-positive, AML-1-positive, c-myb-positive and has low expression of PU.1 transcription factor. neutrophilic granuloblast These cells are CD11b-negative, CD15-negative, CD16-negative, CD35-negative, CD49d-positive, CD68-positive, lactotransferrin-negative, and fMLP receptor-negative. They are found in the Band 3 fraction. neutrophilic myeloblast true A myeloblast committed to the neutrophil lineage. This cell type is GATA-1 positive, C/EBPa-positive, AML-1-positive, c-myb-positive and has low expression of PU.1 transcription factor. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 CL:0000043 A fully differentiated basophil, a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte BTO:0001026 CALOHA:TS-0688 mature basophil leucocyte mature basophil leukocyte Mature basophils are also capable of producing IL-3, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, IL-25, CCL22, tslp, vegf, and LTC4. mature basophil true A fully differentiated basophil, a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:18466030 PMID:19231594 PMID:20837449 http://www.cap.org CL:0000044 true CL:0000045 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Consider using term 'pro-T cell ; CL:0000827' or the term 'thymocyte ; CL:0000893' or one of its children instead. obsolete thymus processed stem cell true CL:0000046 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Consider using term 'pro-B cell ; CL:0000826' or the term 'immature B cell ; CL:0000816 or one of its children instead. obsolete bursa processed stem cell true CL:0000047 An undifferentiated neural cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple central nervous system neuronal and glial cell types. BTO:0002881 CALOHA:TS-2360 FMA:86684 NSC neuronal stem cell neural stem cell An undifferentiated neural cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple central nervous system neuronal and glial cell types. PMID:30639325 neuronal stem cell PMID:16305818 CL:0000048 A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells. FMA:84789 multi-fate stem cell multifate stem cell multipotent cell multipotent stem cell multi fate stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells. GOC:add CL:0000049 A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. BTO:0004730 common myeloid precursor CFU-GEMM CFU-S CMP colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte multipotential myeloid stem cell myeloid stem cell pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) This cell type is intended to be compatible with any vertebrate common myeloid progenitor. For mammalian CMP known to be CD34-positive, please use the term 'common myeloid progenitor, CD34-positive' (CL_0001059). common myeloid progenitor true A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. GOC:add ISBN:0878932437 MESH:D023461 CFU-GEMM ISBN:0878932437 CFU-S ISBN:0878932437 CMP ISBN:0878932437 colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte ISBN:0878932437 multipotential myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) ISBN:0878932437 CL:0000050 A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. CFU-EM CFU-MegE MEP Meg/E progenitor colony forming unit erythroid megakaryocyte megakaryocyte/erythrocyte progenitor megakaryocyte/erythroid progenitor cell MEPs are reportedly CD19-negative, CD34-negative, CD45RA-negative, CD110-positive, CD117-positive, and SCA1-negative and reportedly express the transcription factors GATA-1 and NF-E2. megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell true A progenitor cell committed to the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm MESH:D055015 PMID:16647566 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocyte-erythroid_progenitor_cell CL:0000051 A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. common lymphocyte precursor common lymphocyte progenitor common lymphoid precursor CLP ELP committed lymphopoietic stem cell early lymphocyte progenitor lymphoid stem cell lymphopoietic stem cell CLP are CD7-positive, CD10-positive, CD19-negative, CD34-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD79a-negative, CD127-positive, AA4.1-positive, RAG-negative, Sca-1-low, sIgM-negative, sIgD-negative, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-negative, and pre-BCR-negative. Expression of transcription factors include E2A-positive, EBF-positive, Ikaros-negative, PU.1-negative, and Pax5-negative. common lymphoid progenitor true A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:10407577 PMID:16551251 CLP ELP CL:0000052 A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. FMA:84790 MESH:D039901 totipotential stem cell totipotent stem cell A stem cell from which all cells of the body can form. GOC:add GOC:tfm CL:0000053 true CL:0000054 bone matrix secreting cell CL:0000055 A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. BTO:0000125 FMA:84782 blast cell define using PATO mulit-potent or oligopotent? non-terminally differentiated cell A precursor cell with a limited number of potential fates. SANBI:mhl CL:0000056 A cell that is commited to differentiating into a muscle cell. Embryonic myoblasts develop from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. Myoblasts also occur as transient populations of cells in muscles undergoing repair. BTO:0000222 CALOHA:TS-0650 FBbt:00005083 FMA:70335 VHOG:0001529 myoblast A cell that is commited to differentiating into a muscle cell. Embryonic myoblasts develop from the mesoderm. They undergo proliferation, migrate to their various sites, and then differentiate into the appropriate form of myocytes. Myoblasts also occur as transient populations of cells in muscles undergoing repair. GOC:tfm MESH:D032446 PMID:21849021 CL:0000057 A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped. BTO:0000452 CALOHA:TS-0362 FMA:63877 NCIT:C12482 VHOG:0001482 These cells may be vimentin-positive, fibronectin-positive, fsp1-positive, MMP-1-positive, collagen I-positive, collagen III-positive, and alpha-SMA-negative. fibroblast A connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules. Flattened and irregular in outline with branching processes; appear fusiform or spindle-shaped. ISBN:0517223651 MESH:D005347 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast CL:0000058 Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. BTO:0003607 FMA:66783 chrondoplast chondroblast Skeletogenic cell that is typically non-terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG rich matrix; is not buried in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, located adjacent to cartilage tissue (including within the perichondrium), and develops from prechondroblast (and thus prechondrogenic) cell. GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000059 Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. BTO:0001663 FMA:70576 amelocyte enamel secreting cell non-encoded relationship from VSAO produces VSAO:0000066 ameloblast Skeletogenic cell that produces enamel, overlies the odontogenic papilla, and arises from the differentiation of a preameloblast cell. GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000034 MESH:D000565 CL:0000060 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. BTO:0001769 CALOHA:TS-0696 FMA:62999 MESH:D009804 legacy def: One of the cells forming the outer surface of dental pulp that produces tooth dentin. odontoblast Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a preodontoblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000061 Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (a bony substance that covers the root of a tooth), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. CALOHA:TS-1164 FMA:63002 cementum secreting cell Legacy def: A cell of ectomesenchymal origin that aids in the formation the cementum layer on the roots of teeth. cementoblast Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum (a bony substance that covers the root of a tooth), is part of the odontogenic papilla, and develops from a precementoblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 ISBN:0781733901 CL:0000062 Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. BTO:0001593 CALOHA:TS-0720 FMA:66780 non-encoded relationships from VSAO - capable_of_producing VSAO:0000020 osteoblast Skeletogenic cell that secretes osteoid, is capable of producing mineralized (hydroxyapatite) matrix, is located adjacent to or within osteoid tissue, and arises from the transformation of a preosteoblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 MESH:D010006 CL:0000063 OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by their microscopic appearance. CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell can be classified by its microscopic appearance. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by histology true OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by their microscopic appearance. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000064 A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. VHOG:0001532 XAO:0000031 ciliated cell A cell that has a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. GOC:tfm CL:0000065 A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. BTO:0001724 FMA:70550 ependymocyte ependymal cell A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. GOC:tfm JB:jb PMID:9550134 CL:0000066 A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina. BTO:0000414 CALOHA:TS-2026 CARO:0000077 FBbt:00000124 FMA:66768 WBbt:0003672 epitheliocyte epithelial cell https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Epithelial_cells.svg A cell that is usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface. The cell has a cytoskeleton that allows for tight cell to cell contact and for cell polarity where apical part is directed towards the lumen and the basal part to the basal lamina. FB:ma GOC:tfm MESH:D004847 CL:0000067 An epithelial cell that has a cilia. FMA:70605 ciliated epithelial cell An epithelial cell that has a cilia. GOC:tfm CL:0000068 An epithelial cell that is part of a duct. duct epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a duct. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000069 branched duct epithelial cell CL:0000070 obsolete epithelial cell of gland true CL:0000071 An endothelial cell that lines the vasculature. cuboidal endothelial cell of vascular tree blood vessel endothelial cell true An endothelial cell that lines the vasculature. GOC:tfm CL:0000072 non-branched duct epithelial cell CL:0000073 obsolete barrier epithelial cell true CL:0000074 Obsolete. Use PO:0000066 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell that constitutes the mesophyll of a hydathode and is located between the xylem endings and the epidermis. Proposed to be involved in the retrieval of solutes from the xylem sap. obsolete epithem cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000066 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell that constitutes the mesophyll of a hydathode and is located between the xylem endings and the epidermis. Proposed to be involved in the retrieval of solutes from the xylem sap. ISBN:0471245208 PMID:12662305 CL:0000075 A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube. GO:0002065 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000076 CALOHA:TS-1249 squamous epithelial cell CL:0000077 A flattened epithelial cell of mesenchymal origin that lines the serous cavity. FMA:66773 mesotheliocyte mesothelial cell A flattened epithelial cell of mesenchymal origin that lines the serous cavity. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000078 peridermal cell CL:0000079 stratified epithelial cell CL:0000080 A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. circulating cell A cell which moves among different tissues of the body, via blood, lymph, or other medium. GOC:add CL:0000081 A cell found predominately in the blood. FMA:62844 MESH:D001773 blood cell true A cell found predominately in the blood. GOC:add GOC:tfm CL:0000082 An epithelial cell of the lung. BTO:0004299 lung epithelial cell epithelial cell of lung An epithelial cell of the lung. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000083 An epithelial cell of the pancreas. BTO:0000028 pancreas epithelial cell pancreatic epithelial cell epithelial cell of pancreas An epithelial cell of the pancreas. GOC:tfm CL:0000084 A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. BTO:0000782 CALOHA:TS-1001 FMA:62870 MESH:D013601 VHOG:0001479 T lymphocyte T-cell T-lymphocyte immature T cell mature T cell T cell true A type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000085 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for vertebrates. obsolete germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) true CL:0000086 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for nematods and protostomes. obsolete germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) true CL:0000087 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for nematods and protostomes. obsolete male germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) true CL:0000088 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for nematods and protostomes. obsolete female germ line stem cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) true CL:0000089 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for vertebrates. obsolete male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) true CL:0000090 Obsoleted as there is no need for a term specific for vertebrates. obsolete female germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) true CL:0000091 A tissue-resident macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids involved in erythrocyte clearance. Markers include F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, CD163/SRCR-positive. Irregular, with long processes including lamellipodia extending into the sinusoid lumen, have flattened nucleus with cytoplasm containing characteristic invaginations of the plasma membrane (vermiform bodies); lie within the sinusoid lumen attached to the endothelial surface; derived from the bone marrow, form a major part of the body's mononuclear phagocyte system. BTO:0000685 FMA:14656 hepatic macrophage littoral cell of hepatic sinusoid liver macrophage macrophagocytus stellatus stellate cell of von Kupffer von Kupffer cell Markers: Mouse: F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68+, sialoadhesin+, CD163/SRCR+; role or process: immune, antigen-presentation, clearance of senescent erythrocytes, iron metabolism. Kupffer cells are also reportedly C3aR-positive, CD14-low, CD54-positive, CD88-positive, and CD284-positive. They are also capable of producing IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha, nitric oxide, PGD2, PGE2, PGF2alpha, and TXA2. Kupffer cell true A tissue-resident macrophage of the reticuloendothelial system found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids involved in erythrocyte clearance. Markers include F4/80+, CD11b-low, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, CD163/SRCR-positive. Irregular, with long processes including lamellipodia extending into the sinusoid lumen, have flattened nucleus with cytoplasm containing characteristic invaginations of the plasma membrane (vermiform bodies); lie within the sinusoid lumen attached to the endothelial surface; derived from the bone marrow, form a major part of the body's mononuclear phagocyte system. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0517223651 MESH:D007728 PMID:15771589 PMID:17105582 CL:0000092 A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. This cell has the following markers: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5-positive, PU.1-positive, c-fos-positive, nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit-positive, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A-positive and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor-positive. BTO:0000968 CALOHA:TS-0721 FMA:66781 MESH:D010010 chondroclast Morphology: Highly vesicular; markers: Surface: RANK, cFMS (MCSF receptor); Secreted: cathepsin K and TRAP (tartate resistant acid phosphatase); transcription factors: PU.1, cFOS, MITF, NFkB (p52); role or process: tissue remodelling: bone resorption; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. osteoclast true true A specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes. This cell has the following markers: tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5-positive, PU.1-positive, c-fos-positive, nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit-positive, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A-positive and macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:10428500 PMID:15055519 PMID:17380158 CL:0000093 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Consider using 'osteoclast ; CL:0000092' instead. obsolete osteochondroclast true CL:0000094 A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. BTO:0000539 BTO:0001026 CALOHA:TS-0422 FMA:62854 granular leucocyte granular leukocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte granulocyte true A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. GOC:amm GOC:tfm MESH:D006098 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granulocyte CL:0000095 neuron associated cell CL:0000096 A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. They are produced in bone marrow at a rate of 5e10-10e10/day and have a half-life of 6-8 hours. Neutrophils are CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD43-positive, CD181-positive, and CD182-positive. poly polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte BTO:0003473 PMN mature neutrocyte mature neutrophil leucocyte mature neutrophil leukocyte mature neutrophilic leucocyte mature neutrophilic leukocyte polymorphonuclear neutrophil polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte Neutrophils are also capable of secreting GRO-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1ra, IL-3, IL-12, IP-10, MIG, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, VEGF, and anti-microbial peptides. They can positively influence the chemotaxis of basophils, T-cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and other neutrophils. Neutrophils are also CD35-positive, CD64-positive, CD89-positive, CD184-positive, and fMLP receptor-positive Ly-6G-positive (mouse), TLR2-low, TLR4-low, and lineage-negative (CD2, CD3, CD5, CD9, CD19, CD36, CD49d, CD56, CD61, CD235a (glycophorin-A)). mature neutrophil true A fully differentiated neutrophil, a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. They are produced in bone marrow at a rate of 5e10-10e10/day and have a half-life of 6-8 hours. Neutrophils are CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD43-positive, CD181-positive, and CD182-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm MESH:D009504 PMID:11138776 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 PMID:7880385 http://www.cap.org CL:0000097 A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. Progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue. Mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. Their phenotype is CD117-high, CD123-negative, CD193-positive, CD200R3-positive, and FceRI-high. Stem-cell factor (KIT-ligand; SCF) is the main controlling signal of their survival and development. BTO:0000830 CALOHA:TS-0603 FMA:66784 histaminocyte labrocyte mastocyte tissue basophil Mast cells are generally integrin beta-7-negative and positive for TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR9, C3aR, C5aR, CR3, CR4, VEGF, FGF2, and renin. They can express MHC Class I and II on their surface. Activated murine mast cells (IgE+Antigen) were capable of expressing the following co-stimulatory molecules: CD95 (Fas), CD120b, CD137 (4-1BB), CD153 (CD30L), CD154 (CD40L), GITR, ICOSL, OX40L, PD-L1, and PD-L2. Note that there was some mouse strain variation. Mast cells have also been demonstrated to produce bFGF, CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL11, CCL20, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-8, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12, IL-13, IL-16, IL-25, IL-18, MIP-1, prostaglandin D2, SCF, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, TSLP, VEGF, and XCL1. They express the transcription factors Transcription factors AP-1, GATA1, MITF, Notch2, PIAS3, PU.1, and STAT5. mast cell true A cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. Progenitors leave bone marrow and mature in connective and mucosal tissue. Mature mast cells are found in all tissues, except the bloodstream. Their phenotype is CD117-high, CD123-negative, CD193-positive, CD200R3-positive, and FceRI-high. Stem-cell factor (KIT-ligand; SCF) is the main controlling signal of their survival and development. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X MESH:D008407 PMCID:PMC1312421 PMCID:PMC2855166 PMID:15153310 PMID:16455980 PMID:19671378 PMID:212366338 PMID:9354811 labrocyte ISBN:0721601464 mastocyte ISBN:0721601464 tissue basophil ISBN:068340007X CL:0000098 A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibulocochlear receptor systems; contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells. neuroepithelial cell BTO:0004301 The term "neuroepithelial cell" is used to describe both this cell type and neurecto-epithelial cell (CL:0000710). sensory epithelial cell A specialized epithelial cell involved in sensory perception. Restricted to special sense organs of the olfactory, gustatory, and vestibulocochlear receptor systems; contain sensory cells surrounded by supportive, non-receptive cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000099 Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. BTO:0003811 FBbt:00005125 FMA:67313 WBbt:0005113 interneuron Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. GOC:tfm MESH:D007395 CL:0000100 An efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes or inhibits movement. BTO:0000312 FBbt:00005123 FMA:83617 WBbt:0005409 motoneuron motor neuron An efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes or inhibits movement. MESH:D009046 PMID:16875686 CL:0000101 Any neuron having a sensory function; an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses. BTO:0001037 FBbt:00005124 FMA:84649 MESH:D011984 WBbt:0005759 sensory neuron Any neuron having a sensory function; an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses. ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000102 polymodal neuron CL:0000103 A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. FMA:67282 bipolar neuron A type of interneuron that has two neurites, usually an axon and a dendrite, extending from opposite poles of an ovoid cell body. GOC:tfm ISBN:0444009442 CL:0000104 A neuron with three or more neurites, usually an axon and multiple dendrites. FMA:67287 multipolar neuron A neuron with three or more neurites, usually an axon and multiple dendrites. FMA:67287 GOC:tfm CL:0000105 Neuron with two neurites that are fused grossly when they protrude from the soma and bifurcate a short distance from the soma. FMA:67305 pseudounipolar neuron Neuron with two neurites that are fused grossly when they protrude from the soma and bifurcate a short distance from the soma. FMA:67305 GOC:tfm CL:0000106 Neuron with one neurite that extends from the cell body. FMA:67278 unipolar neuron Neuron with one neurite that extends from the cell body. FMA:67278 GOC:nv CL:0000107 A neuron whose cell body is within an autonomic ganglion. FMA:80121 autonomic neuron A neuron whose cell body is within an autonomic ganglion. GOC:tfm CL:0000108 A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter. BTO:0004902 FBbt:00007173 FMA:84796 MESH:D059329 WBbt:0006840 cholinergic neuron A neuron that uses acetylcholine as a vesicular neurotransmitter. GOC:tfm CL:0000109 MESH:D059331 adrenergic neuron CL:0000110 A neuron that uses neuropeptides as transmitters. FBbt:00004101 peptidergic neuron A neuron that uses neuropeptides as transmitters. PMID:23040809 doi:10.1016/B978-012589762-4/50021-9 CL:0000111 OBSOLETE A neuron that is part of nerve found outside the central nervous system. FMA:84664 Merging into CL:2000032. obsolete peripheral neuron true OBSOLETE A neuron that is part of nerve found outside the central nervous system. ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000112 columnar neuron columnar neuron CL:0000113 A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. BTO:0001433 mononuclear phagocyte true A vertebrate phagocyte with a single nucleus. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000114 FMA:72552 cell of surface ectoderm surface ectoderm cell surface ectodermal cell CL:0000115 An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. In mammals, endothelial cell has vimentin filaments and is derived from the mesoderm. BTO:0001176 CALOHA:TS-0278 FMA:66772 endotheliocyte From FMA: 9.07.2001: Endothelial cell has always been classified as a kind of epithelial cell, specifically a squamous cell but that is not true. First, endothelial cell can either be squamous or cuboidal (e.g. high-endothelial cell) and secondly, it has different embryological derivation (mesodermal) than a true epithelial cell (ectodermal and endodermal). The basis for present classification is the fact that it comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures (location-based) but a better structural basis for the differentia is the cytoskeleton of the cell. Endothelial cell has vimentin filaments while an epithelial cell has keratin filaments. [Onard]. endothelial cell An endothelial cell comprises the outermost layer or lining of anatomical structures and can be squamous or cuboidal. In mammals, endothelial cell has vimentin filaments and is derived from the mesoderm. GOC:tfm MESH:D042783 PMID:21275341 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelial_cell https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=440764&aid=3364936&group_id=36855 CL:0000116 Pioneer neurons establish a pathway in the developing central nervous system and then undergo programmed cell death once the adult axons, which follow them, have made connections with the target site. Thus, they are a transient cell type involved in axon guidance. FBbt:00005128 pioneer neuron Pioneer neurons establish a pathway in the developing central nervous system and then undergo programmed cell death once the adult axons, which follow them, have made connections with the target site. Thus, they are a transient cell type involved in axon guidance. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm CL:0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000118 Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons of the brain. In general, dendrites of basket cells are free branching and contain smooth spines. Axons are highly branched. The branched axonal arborizations give rise to basket-like structures that surround the soma of the target cell. Basket cells form axo-somatic synapses, meaning their synapses target somas of other cells. basket cell Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons of the brain. In general, dendrites of basket cells are free branching and contain smooth spines. Axons are highly branched. The branched axonal arborizations give rise to basket-like structures that surround the soma of the target cell. Basket cells form axo-somatic synapses, meaning their synapses target somas of other cells. WikipediaVersioned:Basket_cell&oldid=951703880 CL:0000119 Large intrinsic neuron located in the granule layer of the cerebellar cortex that extends its dendrites into the molecular layer where they receive contact from parallel fibers. The axon of the Golgi cell ramifies densely in the granule layer and enters into a complex arrangement with mossy fiber terminals and granule cell dendrites to form the cerebellar glomerulus. Llinas, Walton and Lang. In The Synaptic Organization of the Brain. 5th ed. 2004. MESH:D000080906 Golgi cell Golgi neuron cerebellar Golgi neuron cerebellum Golgi cell cerebellar Golgi cell Large intrinsic neuron located in the granule layer of the cerebellar cortex that extends its dendrites into the molecular layer where they receive contact from parallel fibers. The axon of the Golgi cell ramifies densely in the granule layer and enters into a complex arrangement with mossy fiber terminals and granule cell dendrites to form the cerebellar glomerulus. Llinas, Walton and Lang. In The Synaptic Organization of the Brain. 5th ed. 2004. NIFSTD:sao1415726815 CL:0000120 A neuron of the vertebrate central nervous system that is small in size. This general class includes small neurons in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex, cerebral cortex neurons that are not pyramidal cells and small neurons without axons found in the olfactory bulb. BTO:0003393 granule cell A neuron of the vertebrate central nervous system that is small in size. This general class includes small neurons in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex, cerebral cortex neurons that are not pyramidal cells and small neurons without axons found in the olfactory bulb. CL:0000121 The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. BTO:0001011 CALOHA:TS-0845 FMA:67969 Purkinje neuron Purkinje's cell cerebellar Purkinje cell cerebellum Purkinje cell Purkinje cell The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. MESH:D011689 CL:0000122 A neuron that has dendritic processes radiating from the cell body forming a star-like shape. BTO:0002316 stellate neuron A neuron that has dendritic processes radiating from the cell body forming a star-like shape. ISBN:9780123973481 CL:0000123 neuron associated cell (sensu Vertebrata) CL:0000124 This is a grouping class that is no longer needed or wanted. obsolete glial cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) true CL:0000125 A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. BTO:0002606 CALOHA:TS-0415 FBbt:00005144 FMA:54536 neuroglial cell neuroglia Not all glial cells develop from glioblasts, with microglia developing from the mesoderm instead. See https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1571 glial cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. MESH:D009457 CL:0000126 A neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, i.e., the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes considered together. BTO:0000771 CALOHA:TS-2027 FMA:54538 macrogliocyte macroglia macroglial cell A neuroglial cell of ectodermal origin, i.e., the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes considered together. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 macroglia doi:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.2.871 CL:0000127 A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. BTO:0000099 CALOHA:TS-0060 FMA:54537 astrocytic glia Astrocytes are reportedly CD68-negative, CD121a-positive, CD184-positive, CD192-positive, CRF-positive, EGFR-positive, GFAP-positive, GLUT1-positive, MBP-negative, and NGFR-positive. astrocyte A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm MESH:D001253 PMID:11746784 PMID:12162730 PMID:12898703 PMID:20942978 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocyte CL:0000128 A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. BTO:0000962 CALOHA:TS-0709 FMA:54540 OLs oligodendroglia Oligodendrocytes are reportedly MDP-positive and CD4-negative. oligodendrocyte true A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. MESH:D009836 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligodendrocyte OLs PMID:8734446 CL:0000129 A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive. brain macrophage BTO:0000078 BTO:0000962 FMA:54539 brain-resident macrophage hortega cells microgliocyte MF.microglia.CNS microglia Unlike macroglial cells, microglial cells arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the yolk sac during early embryogenesis that populate the central nervous system. They derive from embryonic mesoderm and are not from neuroectoderm where glioblast develops from. Markers: Mouse: CD11b+, F4/80+, CD68+. They represent ~12% of the cells in the CNS, but they are not uniformly distributed within the CNS. A normal adult mouse brain has approximately 3.5x10e6 microglia. Microglia are also reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-positive, CD8-negative, CD11b-positive, CD11c-high, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD45-low, CD56-negative, CD163-negative, CD200R-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD283-positive, CD284-positive, CD285-positive, CD286-positive, CD287-positive, CD288-positive, CD289-positive, Gr1-negative, nestin-positive, and PU.1-positive. microglial cell A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 MESH:D017628 PMID:11517395 PMID:12430718 PMID:14561199 PMID:14612429 PMID:16177057 PMID:19461673 PMID:2089275 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microglia hortega cells http://www.copewithcytokines.de/ microgliocyte http://www.copewithcytokines.de/ microglia doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 Unlike macroglial cells, microglial cells arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the yolk sac during early embryogenesis that populate the central nervous system. They derive from embryonic mesoderm and are not from neuroectoderm where glioblast develops from. Markers: Mouse: CD11b+, F4/80+, CD68+. They represent ~12% of the cells in the CNS, but they are not uniformly distributed within the CNS. A normal adult mouse brain has approximately 3.5x10e6 microglia. Microglia are also reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-positive, CD8-negative, CD11b-positive, CD11c-high, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD45-low, CD56-negative, CD163-negative, CD200R-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD283-positive, CD284-positive, CD285-positive, CD286-positive, CD287-positive, CD288-positive, CD289-positive, Gr1-negative, nestin-positive, and PU.1-positive. PMID:23616747 CL:0000130 neuron associated cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0000131 gut endothelial cell CL:0000132 An hexagonal, flattened, mitochondria-rich endothelial cell that forms a monolayer on the posterior surface of the cornea (the corneal endothelium). Corneal endothelial cells are derived from the neural crest and are responsible for keeping the cornea transparent by maintaining the tissue in a semi-dry state through the action of their ionic pumps and tight junction barrier. CALOHA:TS-0172 FMA:70614 corneal endothelial cell An hexagonal, flattened, mitochondria-rich endothelial cell that forms a monolayer on the posterior surface of the cornea (the corneal endothelium). Corneal endothelial cells are derived from the neural crest and are responsible for keeping the cornea transparent by maintaining the tissue in a semi-dry state through the action of their ionic pumps and tight junction barrier. GOC:tfm PMID:21976958 PMID:23284695 PMID:34741068 PMID:36769303 CL:0000133 Ectoderm destined to be nervous tissue. neurectoderm cell neurectodermal cell Ectoderm destined to be nervous tissue. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0000134 A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. In humans, this cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. BTO:0002625 BTO:0003298 FMA:70546 bone marrow stromal cells colony-forming unit-fibroblast marrow stromal cells BMSC CFU-F MSC mesenchymal precursor cell mesenchymal progenitor cells mesenchymal stem cell mesenchymal stromal cell mesenchymal stromal cells stem cells, mesenchymal Many but not all mesenchymal cells derive from the mesoderm. MSCs are reportedly CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD5-negative, CD8-negative, CD11a-negative, CD11b-negative, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD29-positive, CD31-negative, CD34-negative, CD38-negative, CD40-negative, CD44-positive, CD45-negative, CD49-positive, CD54-positive, CD66b-negative, CD79a-negative, CD80-negative, CD102-positive, CD106-positive, CD117-positive, CD121a-positive, CD121b-positive, CD123-positive, CD124-positive, CD133-negative, CD146-positive, CD166-positive, CD271-positive, B220-negative, Gr1-negative, MHCI-positive, MHCII-negative, SSEA4-negative, sca1-positive, Ter119-negative, and glycophorin A-negative. Cultured MSCs are capable of producing stem cell factor, IL7, IL8, IL11, TGF-beta, cofilin, galectin-1, laminin-receptor 1, cyclophilin A, and MMP-2. mesenchymal stem cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/474 true A connective tissue cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses. In humans, this cell type is CD73-positive, CD90-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative, CD34-negative, and MHCII-negative. They may further differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, myocytes, neurons, or chondroblasts in vitro. Originally described as residing in the bone marrow, this cell type is now known to reside in many, if not all, adult organs. FB:ma GOC:dsd PMCID:PMC2613570 PMID:10102814 PMID:16923606 PMID:17986482 PMID:19960544 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesenchymal_stem_cell http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=mesenchymal%20stem%20cells marrow stromal cells PMID:11378515 BMSC CFU-F MSC PMID:11378515 mesenchymal progenitor cells MESH:D044982 mesenchymal stromal cells stem cells, mesenchymal MESH:D044982 CL:0000135 An inactive fibroblast; cytoplasm is sparse, endoplasmic reticulum is scanty with flattened nucleus. Term used by some histologists; when fibroblasts become relatively inactive in fiber formation. However, this cell has the potential for fibrogenesis in quiescent connective tissue of the adult, as well as during development, other histologists prefer to use the term fibroblast in all circumstances. These cells represent ~0.5% of peripheral blood leukocytes. FMA:63879 Cultured human fibrocytes are MHCI-positive, MHCII-positive, CD1a-negative, CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD10-negative, CD11b-positive, CD13-positive, CD14-negative, CD16-negative, CD18-positive, CD19-negative, CD25-negative, CD29-positive, CD32-positive, CD33-negative, CD34-positive, CD38-negative, CD40-positive, CD44-negative, CD45RO-positive, CD49a-positive, CD49b-positive, CD49c-negative, CD49d-negative, CD49e-positive, CD49f-negative, CD56-negative, CD58-positive, CD61-positive, CD64-positive, CD70-negative, CD71-positive, CD80-positive, CD83-negative, CD86-positive, CD103-negative, CD105-positive, CD181-positive, CD182-negative, CD183-positive, CD184-positive, CD185-negative, CD186-negative, CD191-positive, CD192-negative, CD193-positive, CD194-positive, CD195-positive, CD196-negative, CD197-positive, CD199-positive, desmin-negative, F4/80-positive, Gr1-positive, LSP-1-positive, MHCI-positive, MHCII-positive, alpha-SMA-negative, TCRab-negative, TCRgd-negative, and vimentin-positive. Fibrocytes are also capable of secreting angiogenin, bFGF, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL8, CXCL1, type I collagen, type III collagen, CTGF, fibronectin, GM-CSF, IL-1a, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, M-CSF, MMP-9, PDGF-A, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta1, TNF-alpha, and VEGF-A. fibrocyte true An inactive fibroblast; cytoplasm is sparse, endoplasmic reticulum is scanty with flattened nucleus. Term used by some histologists; when fibroblasts become relatively inactive in fiber formation. However, this cell has the potential for fibrogenesis in quiescent connective tissue of the adult, as well as during development, other histologists prefer to use the term fibroblast in all circumstances. These cells represent ~0.5% of peripheral blood leukocytes. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 ISBN:0517223651 PMID:11641248 PMID:15010326 PMID:17607298 PMID:18222966 PMID:8790603 PMID:9551999 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrocyte CL:0000136 A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides. BTO:0000443 CALOHA:TS-0012 FMA:63880 adipose cell fat cell adipocyte A fat-storing cell found mostly in the abdominal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of mammals. Fat is usually stored in the form of triglycerides. MESH:D017667 CL:0000137 A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. bone cell BTO:0002038 CALOHA:TS-1167 FMA:66779 VSAO:0000124 VSAO relationship simplified OBO_REL:integral_part_of VSAO:0000118 osteocyte A mature osteoblast that has become embedded in the bone matrix. They occupy a small cavity, called lacuna, in the matrix and are connected to adjacent osteocytes via protoplasmic projections called canaliculi. GOC:tfm MESH:D010011 CL:0000138 Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. BTO:0000249 CALOHA:TS-0138 FMA:66782 cartilage cell chondrocyte Skeletogenic cell that is terminally differentiated, secretes an avascular, GAG-rich matrix, is embedded in cartilage tissue matrix, retains the ability to divide, and develops from a chondroblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 MESH:D019902 CL:0000139 true CL:0000140 Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. odontocyte Skeletogenic cell that secretes dentine matrix, is derived from odontogenic papilla. Embedded in dentine tissue, and is the transformation of a non-terminally differentiated odontoblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0000141 An osteocytelike cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cement of the tooth. FMA:63003 CHECK: wikipedia says that cementocytes no longer produce cementum, but the phenoscape def is: Skeletogenic cell that produces cementum, is part of the odontogenic papilla, and is a transformation of a cementoblast cell (no change to existing def). cementocyte An osteocytelike cell with numerous processes, trapped in a lacuna in the cement of the tooth. ISBN:0781733901 CL:0000142 A cell occurring in the peripheral part of the vitreous body of the eye that may be responsible for production of hyaluronic acid and collagen. BTO:0004271 FMA:70620 vitreous cell hyalocyte A cell occurring in the peripheral part of the vitreous body of the eye that may be responsible for production of hyaluronic acid and collagen. GOC:tfm PMID:19073178 CL:0000143 guidepost cell CL:0000144 OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by their primary end goal or behavior. CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell can be classified by its function or behavior. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by function true OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by their primary end goal or behavior. FB:ma CL:0000145 A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. APC Note change of name; nearly all somatic cells can present antigens to T cells via MHC Class I complexes leading to effector responses, but professional antigen presenting cells constitutively express MHC Class II as well as costimulatory molecules, and thus can initiate immune responses via T cells. professional antigen presenting cell A cell capable of processing and presenting lipid and protein antigens to T cells in order to initiate an immune response. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 APC CL:0000146 simple columnar epithelial cell CL:0000147 A pigment cell is a cell that contains pigment granules. VHOG:0001678 chromatocyte chromatophore pigment cell A pigment cell is a cell that contains pigment granules. GOC:tfm CL:0000148 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. BTO:0000847 CALOHA:TS-0613 FMA:70545 MESH:D008544 VHOG:0001679 melanophore melanocyte A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which gives a brown to black appearance. SANBI:mhl CL:0000149 pigment cell visual pigment cell CL:0000150 A specialized epithelial cell that is capable of synthesizing and secreting certain biomolecules. CALOHA:TS-2085 FMA:86494 glandular epithelial cell A specialized epithelial cell that is capable of synthesizing and secreting certain biomolecules. GOC:tfm CL:0000151 A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. BTO:0003659 FMA:86916 secretory cell A cell that specializes in controlled release of one or more substances. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000152 A cell of an exocrine gland; i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. FMA:16014 exocrine cell A cell of an exocrine gland; i.e. a gland that discharges its secretion via a duct. ISBN:0198547684 CL:0000153 A cell that secretes glycosaminoglycans. GAG secreting cell hyaluronic acid secreting cell glycosaminoglycan secreting cell A cell that secretes glycosaminoglycans. GOC:tfm CL:0000154 protein secreting cell CL:0000155 A cell that is usually basal in position, cuboidal with round nucleus, short microvilli, secretes pepsinogen. FMA:62902 chief cell of stomach gastric chief cell pepsinogen secreting cell zymogenic cell peptic cell A cell that is usually basal in position, cuboidal with round nucleus, short microvilli, secretes pepsinogen. GOC:tfm CL:0000156 OBSOLETE: A cell of the lymphoid series that can react with antigen to produce specific cell products called antibodies. Various cell subpopulations, often B cells, can be defined, based on the different classes of immunoglobulins that they synthesize. Consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete antibody secreting cell true CL:0000157 A cell that specializes in secretion of surfactant in the alveoli of the lung. surfactant secreting cell true A cell that specializes in secretion of surfactant in the alveoli of the lung. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000158 A non-mucous, epithelial secretory cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. A club cell has short microvilli but no cilia. A club cell is able to multiply and differentiate into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium and it also protects the tracheobronchial epithelium. BTO:0004811 FMA:14119 Clara cell club cell A non-mucous, epithelial secretory cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. A club cell has short microvilli but no cilia. A club cell is able to multiply and differentiate into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium and it also protects the tracheobronchial epithelium. DOI:10.1183/09031936.00146609 DOI:10.1378/chest.12-2762 GOC:tfm PMID:28128362 PMID:29874100 PMID:7905712 CL:0000159 seromucus secreting cell CL:0000160 A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins. BTO:0001540 FMA:13148 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goblet_cell chalice cell goblet cell A cell of the epithelial lining that produce and secrete mucins. MESH:D020397 CL:0000161 obsolete acid secreting cell true CL:0000162 A large, oval stomach epithelial cell with a central nucleus; source of gastric acid. Secretes HCl. BTO:0001780 FMA:62901 oxyntic cell parietal cell A large, oval stomach epithelial cell with a central nucleus; source of gastric acid. Secretes HCl. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0000163 A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. FMA:83809 endocrinocyte endocrine cell A cell of an endocrine gland, ductless glands that secrete substances which are released directly into the circulation and which influence metabolism and other body functions. MESH:D055098 CL:0000164 An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas. BTO:0003865 FMA:62930 MESH:D019858 enteroendocrine cell An endocrine cell that is located in the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract or in the pancreas. GOC:tfm SANBI:mhl CL:0000165 A neuron that is capable of some hormone secretion in response to neuronal signals. BTO:0002691 FBbt:00005130 FMA:83810 neurosecretory cell neurosecretory neuron The neurosecretory cell is neither an ordinary neuron nor an endocrine cell, but a combination of both. Its neuronal features resemble those of ordinary neurons concerning both structure and function. The production of a visible secretory material marks the neurosecretory neuron as a gland cell, and the fact that extractable cellular products act in the manner of hormones places it in the realm of endocrine elements. The modern definition of neurosecretion has evolved to include the release of any neuronal secretory product from a neuron. neuroendocrine cell A neuron that is capable of some hormone secretion in response to neuronal signals. MESH:D055099 The neurosecretory cell is neither an ordinary neuron nor an endocrine cell, but a combination of both. Its neuronal features resemble those of ordinary neurons concerning both structure and function. The production of a visible secretory material marks the neurosecretory neuron as a gland cell, and the fact that extractable cellular products act in the manner of hormones places it in the realm of endocrine elements. The modern definition of neurosecretion has evolved to include the release of any neuronal secretory product from a neuron. PMID:5342440 https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/book/3-s2.0-B9780323555968000073 CL:0000166 A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. BTO:0000259 FMA:69263 phaeochromocyte chromaffin cell A cell that stores epinephrine secretory vesicles. During times of stress, the nervous system signals the vesicles to secrete their hormonal content. Their name derives from their ability to stain a brownish color with chromic salts. Characteristically, they are located in the adrenal medulla and paraganglia of the sympathetic nervous system. MESH:D019439 CL:0000167 peptide hormone secreting cell CL:0000168 BTO:0000783 insulin secreting cell CL:0000169 A cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans. beta cell BTO:0000783 EV:0200009 FMA:70586 MA:0002419 ncithesaurus:Beta_Cell B-cell of pancreatic islet beta cell of pancreatic islet insulin-secreting cell pancreatic B cell pancreatic B-cell pancreatic beta cell pancreatic islet core type B enteroendocrine cell beta cell islet Pancreatic beta cells are also reportedly CD284-positive. Upon activation, they upregulate their CD14 expression. type B pancreatic cell true A cell that secretes insulin and is located towards the center of the islets of Langerhans. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_b_cell beta cell ZFA:0009102 B-cell of pancreatic islet FMA:70586 beta cell of pancreatic islet FMA:70586 insulin-secreting cell FMA:70586 pancreatic B-cell FMA:70586 pancreatic beta cell FMA:70586 pancreatic islet core MA:0002419 type B enteroendocrine cell FMA:70586 beta cell islet MA:0002419 CL:0000170 A cell that secretes glucagon. FMA:84045 glucagon-secreting cell glucagon secreting cell A cell that secretes glucagon. GOC:tfm CL:0000171 A type of enteocrine cell found in the periphery of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon. BTO:0000990 FMA:70585 MESH:D050416 alpha cell of islet of Langerhans pancreatic alpha cell pancreatic A cell A type of enteocrine cell found in the periphery of the islets of Langerhans that secretes glucagon. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000172 somatostatin secreting cell CL:0000173 A D cell located in the pancreas. Peripherally placed within the islets like type A cells; contains somatostatin. BTO:0000803 FMA:70587 D-cell of pancreatic islet delta cell of islet delta cell of pancreatic islet pancreatic D-cell pancreatic delta cell somatostatin-secreting pancreatic cell pancreatic D cell A D cell located in the pancreas. Peripherally placed within the islets like type A cells; contains somatostatin. FMA:0517223651 GOC:tfm CL:0000174 steroid hormone secreting cell CL:0000175 A progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum. The large luteal cells develop from the granulosa cells. The small luteal cells develop from the theca cells. BTO:0003939 FMA:18688 corpus luteum cell lutein cell luteal cell A progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum. The large luteal cells develop from the granulosa cells. The small luteal cells develop from the theca cells. MESH:D008184 corpus luteum cell PMID:16790079 CL:0000176 ecdysteroid secreting cell CL:0000177 testosterone secreting cell CL:0000178 A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. interstitial cell BTO:0000755 CALOHA:TS-1150 EMAPA:29655 FMA:72297 MESH:D007985 interstitial cell of Leydig Note that the Amphibian Anatomy Ontology (AA) has a class 'leydig cells' but this is unrelated Leydig cell A Leydig cell is a testosterone-secreting cell in the interstitial area, between the seminiferous tubules, in the testis. GOC:tfm PMID:12050120 CL:0000179 progesterone secreting cell CL:0000180 A steroid hormone secreting cell that secretes estradiol. estradiol secreting cell A steroid hormone secreting cell that secretes estradiol. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000181 A cell whose primary function is intermediary metabolism. Removing this grouping class, because the groupings are incomplete and too hard to maintain. obsolete metabolising cell true A cell whose primary function is intermediary metabolism. FB:ma CL:0000182 The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. BTO:0000575 CALOHA:TS-0454 FMA:14515 Hepatocytes are reportedly MHC Class I-positive and MHC Class II-positive. hepatocyte The main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules. Majority of cell population of liver, polygonal in shape, arranged in plates or trabeculae between sinusoids; may have single nucleus or binucleated. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 MESH:D022781 PMID:19717280 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte CL:0000183 A cell whose primary function is to shorten. contractile cell A cell whose primary function is to shorten. FB:ma CL:0000184 true CL:0000185 Contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament. BTO:0002309 CALOHA:TS-2379 FMA:67799 basket epithelial cell myoepitheliocyte myoepithelial cell Contractile cells resembling smooth muscle cells that are present in glands, notably the mammary gland, and aid in secretion. This cell has long weaving dendritic processes containing myofilament. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000186 An animal cell that has characteristics of both a fibroblast cell and a smooth muscle cell. MFB Myofibroblasts are alpha-SMA-positive, CD34-negative, CD45-negative. They are reportedly capable of secreting IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha. myofibroblast cell An animal cell that has characteristics of both a fibroblast cell and a smooth muscle cell. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm MESH:D058628 PMID:19800625 PMID:20630469 PMID:22387320 MFB PMID:8731193 CL:0000187 A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. BTO:0000888 BTO:0000902 CALOHA:TS-2032 FBbt:00005074 FMA:67328 WBbt:0003675 muscle fiber myocyte muscle cell https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Muscle_cells.svg A mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte. This cell has as part of its cytoplasm myofibrils organized in various patterns. MESH:D032342 CL:0000188 A somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. BTO:0004392 CALOHA:TS-2158 FMA:9727 skeletal muscle cell cell of skeletal muscle A somatic cell located in skeletal muscle. GOC:tfm CL:0000189 A muscle cell that develops tension more slowly than a fast-twitch fiber. slow muscle fiber slow muscle cell A muscle cell that develops tension more slowly than a fast-twitch fiber. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 slow muscle fiber ISBN:0815316208 CL:0000190 A muscle cell that can develop high tension rapidly. It is usually innervated by a single alpha neuron. glycolytic muscle fiber fast muscle cell A muscle cell that can develop high tension rapidly. It is usually innervated by a single alpha neuron. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 CL:0000191 true CL:0000192 A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). non-striated muscle cell BTO:0004576 CALOHA:TS-2159 FMA:14072 SMCs myocytes, smooth muscle smooth muscle fiber smooth muscle cell A non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They develop from specialized myoblasts (smooth muscle myoblast). MESH:D032389 PMID:9315361 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_muscle_cell SMCs PMID:9315361 myocytes, smooth muscle MESH:D032389 CL:0000193 A striated muscle cell of an arthropod heart that participates in heart contraction. cardiac muscle cell (sensu Arthopoda) A striated muscle cell of an arthropod heart that participates in heart contraction. MESH:D032383 CL:0000194 Consider CL:0002072. obsolete nodal cardiac cell true CL:0000195 obsolete Purkinje fiber true CL:0000196 A muscle cell that is involved in the mechanism of insect flight. This encompasses both, cells that power flight and cells that control flight. FBbt:00003360 insect flight muscle cell A muscle cell that is involved in the mechanism of insect flight. This encompasses both, cells that power flight and cells that control flight. doi:10.2142/biophysics.7.21 CL:0000197 A cell that is capable of detection of a stimulus involved in sensory perception. MESH:D011984 receptor cell sensory receptor cell CL:0000198 The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings. nociceptor nocireceptor Editor note: request detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; add develops_from relationship pain receptor cell The peripheral receptor for pain. Includes receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli. All mammalian nociceptors are free nerve endings. MESH:D009619 nociceptor https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009619 nocireceptor https://www.thefreedictionary.com/nocireceptor CL:0000199 A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. mechanoreceptor mechanoreceptor cell A cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. MESH:D008465 mechanoreceptor MP:0000972 CL:0000200 touch receptor cell CL:0000201 true CL:0000202 A mechanoreceptor cell of the auditory or vestibular system that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. The accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. auditory receptor cell In mammals these cells are located in the organ of Corti. auditory hair cell A mechanoreceptor cell of the auditory or vestibular system that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. The accessory sensory structures are arranged so that appropriate stimuli cause movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. MESH:D006198 WikipediaVersioned:Hair_cell&oldid=1045345915 CL:0000203 gravity sensitive cell CL:0000204 acceleration receptive cell CL:0000205 A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptor cells in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain. thermoreceptor cell A cellular receptor which mediates the sense of temperature. Thermoreceptor cells in vertebrates are mostly located under the skin. In mammals there are separate types of thermoreceptors for cold and for warmth and pain receptor cells which detect cold or heat extreme enough to cause pain. GOC:tfm MESH:D013823 MP:0000971 CL:0000206 A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. chemoreceptor cell A cell specialized to detect chemical substances and relay that information centrally in the nervous system. Chemoreceptors may monitor external stimuli, as in taste and olfaction, or internal stimuli, such as the concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. MESH:D002628 CL:0000207 BTO:0004185 FMA:67860 MESH:D018034 Wikipedia:Olfactory_receptor_neuron Schultze's cell odorant receptor cell olfactory receptor neuron olfactory sensory neuron olfactory receptor cell CL:0000208 pH receptor cell CL:0000209 A specialized cell involved in gustatory sensory perception. FMA:67910 taste bud cell taste receptor cell A specialized cell involved in gustatory sensory perception. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000210 A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. BTO:0001060 CALOHA:TS-0868 FMA:86740 photoreceptor cell https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Photoreceptor_cell.svg true A cell specialized to detect and transduce light. MESH:D010786 CL:0000211 A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. electrically active cell A cell whose function is determined by the generation or the reception of an electric signal. FB:ma CL:0000212 A cell that takes up and metabolizes substances. absorptive cell A cell that takes up and metabolizes substances. CL:CVS CL:0000213 A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. boundary cell lining cell A cell within an epithelial cell sheet whose main function is to act as an internal or external covering for a tissue or an organism. JB:jb CL:0000214 A cell located in the synovial joint. CALOHA:TS-0995 synoviocyte synovial cell true CL:0000215 A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. barrier cell A cell whose primary function is to prevent the transport of stuff across compartments. JB:jb CL:0000216 A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier. BTO:0001238 CALOHA:TS-0922 FMA:72298 VHOG:0001348 Sertoli cell true A supporting cell projecting inward from the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete androgen binding protein. Their tight junctions with the spermatogonia and spermatocytes provide a blood-testis barrier. MESH:D012708 CL:0000217 insulating cell CL:0000218 A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. Schwann cell peripheral neuroglial cell CALOHA:TS-0898 FMA:62121 neurilemmal cell myelinating Schwann cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system which forms the insulating myelin sheaths of peripheral axons. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm MESH:D012583 CL:0000219 A cell that moves by its own activities. motile cell A cell that moves by its own activities. FB:ma CL:0000220 CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell in a multicellular organiam, apart from a zygote, can potentially be classified by its lineage. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by lineage true CL:0000221 A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. FMA:72549 ectoderm cell ectodermal cell A cell of the outer of the three germ layers of the embryo. MESH:D004475 CL:0000222 A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. FMA:72554 mesoblast mesoderm cell mesodermal cell A cell of the middle germ layer of the embryo. MESH:D008648 CL:0000223 A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. FMA:72555 endoderm cell endodermal cell A cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo. MESH:D004707 CL:0000224 OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the number of their nuclei. CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell can be classified by its nuclear number (note that this term was previously used as a parent class of enucleate cell). If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by nuclear number true OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the number of their nuclei. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000225 A cell that lacks a nucleus. FMA:68647 non-nucleated cell anucleate cell A cell that lacks a nucleus. FB:ma CL:0000226 A cell with a single nucleus. single nucleate cell A cell with a single nucleus. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000227 binucleate cell CL:0000228 A cell with more than one nucleus. AEO:0000203 WBbt:0008074 syncitium syncytial cell syncytium multinucleate cell A cell with more than one nucleus. FB:ma CL:0000229 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Refers to an activated mature lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'lymphocyte ; CL:0000542' or one of its children instead. obsolete lymphoblast true CL:0000230 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Refers to an activated mature T lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'T cell ; CL:0000084' or one of its children instead. obsolete T lymphoblast true CL:0000231 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Refers to an activated mature B lymphocyte phenotype rather than a distinct cell type; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete B lymphoblast true CL:0000232 A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. BTO:0000424 CALOHA:TS-0290 FMA:81100 RBC red blood cell Red Blood Cell erythrocyte A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. true A red blood cell. In mammals, mature erythrocytes are biconcave disks containing hemoglobin whose function is to transport oxygen. GOC:tfm MESH:D004912 CL:0000233 A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. BTO:0000132 CALOHA:TS-0803 FMA:62851 anucleate thrombocyte blood platelet enucleate thrombocyte Platelets are reportedly CCR1-positive, CCR2-negative, CCR3-positive, CCR4-positive, CCR5-negative, CCR6-negative, CCR7-negative, CCR8-negative, CCR9-negative, CCR10-negative, CD16-positive, CD23-positive, CD32-positive, CD40-positive, CD41-positive CD42-positive, CD61-positive, CD62P-positive, CD64-positive, CD89-positive, CD102-positive, CD147-positive (activated platelets), CD154-positive (activated platelets), CD162-positive, CD209, CD282-positive, CD284-positive, CD289-positive, CD181-negative, CD182-negative, CD183-negative, CD184-positive, CLEC2-positive, GPVI-positive, JAMC-positive, PAR1-positive, PAR2-negative, PAR3-positive, PAR4-positive, TSP1-positive, and TXA2R-positive. Platelets can reportedly produce CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL17, CD40L, CXCL1, CXCL4, CXCL4L1, CXCL5, CXCL7, CXCL8, CXCL12, EGF, factor V, factor VII, factor XI, factor XIII, bFGF, histamine, IGF-1, IL-1beta, PAI-1, PDGF, plasminogen, protein S, serotonin, TGF-beta, TFPI, VEGF, and vWF. Platelet platelet A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. true A non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm MESH:D001792 PMID:11110672 PMID:16987572 PMID:17204662 PMID:17479180 PMID:20414831 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet CL:0000234 Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. BTO:0001044 FMA:83806 MESH:D010586 phagocyte Any cell capable of ingesting particulate matter via phagocytosis. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000235 A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. BTO:0000801 CALOHA:TS-0587 FMA:63261 FMA:83585 MESH:D008264 histiocyte Morphology: Diameter 30_M-80 _M, abundant cytoplasm, low N/C ratio, eccentric nucleus. Irregular shape with pseudopods, highly adhesive. Contain vacuoles and phagosomes, may contain azurophilic granules; markers: Mouse & Human: CD68, in most cases CD11b. Mouse: in most cases F4/80+; role or process: immune, antigen presentation, & tissue remodelling; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. macrophage true A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16213494 PMID:1919437 CL:0000236 A lymphocyte of B lineage that is capable of B cell mediated immunity. BTO:0000776 CALOHA:TS-0068 FMA:62869 MESH:D001402 VHOG:0001480 B lymphocyte B-cell B-lymphocyte B cell true A lymphocyte of B lineage that is capable of B cell mediated immunity. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000237 keratinizing barrier epithelial cell CL:0000238 non keratinizing barrier epithelial cell CL:0000239 brush border epithelial cell CL:0000240 stratified squamous epithelial cell CL:0000241 stratified cuboidal epithelial cell CL:0000242 A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. FMA:70548 Merkel's cell Merkel cell PMID:19782676 A modified epidermal cell located in the stratum basale. They are found mostly in areas where sensory perception is acute. Merkel cells are closely associated with an expanded terminal bulb of an afferent myelinated nerve fiber. MESH:D018862 CL:0000243 A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear. This is a grouping class that is no longer needed or wanted. obsolete glial cell (sensu Vertebrata) true A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Form the myelin insulation of nervous pathways, guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. Neuroglia have high-affinity transmitter uptake systems, voltage-dependent and transmitter-gated ion channels, and can release transmitters, but their role in signaling (as in many other functions) is unclear. MESH:D009457 CL:0000244 A cell characteristically found lining hollow organs that are subject to great mechanical change due to contraction and distention; originally thought to represent a transition between stratified squamous and columnar epithelium. FMA:66778 transitional epithelial cell A cell characteristically found lining hollow organs that are subject to great mechanical change due to contraction and distention; originally thought to represent a transition between stratified squamous and columnar epithelium. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000245 Obsolete. Use PO:0000353 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell in exodermis or endodermis that remains thin walled when the associated cells develop thick secondary walls. Has casparian strip in endodermis. obsolete passage cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000353 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell in exodermis or endodermis that remains thin walled when the associated cells develop thick secondary walls. Has casparian strip in endodermis. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000246 Mauthner neuron CL:0000247 Type of neuron that is a primary mechanosensory cell, with peripheral neurites innervating the skin with free nerve endings. AAO:0010316 EFO:0003711 VHOG:0001484 ZFA:0009150 Rohon Beard cell Rohon-Beard cell RB neuron Rohon-Beard neuron Type of neuron that is a primary mechanosensory cell, with peripheral neurites innervating the skin with free nerve endings. VHOG:0001484 Rohon Beard cell VHOG:0001484 RB neuron VHOG:0001484 CL:0000248 Obsolete. Use PO:0020047 from Plant Ontology instead. A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell. pollen mother cell primary sporogenous cell obsolete microsporocyte true Obsolete. Use PO:0020047 from Plant Ontology instead. A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000249 hatching gland cell CL:0000250 Obsolete. Use PO:0020019 from Plant Ontology instead. A haploid (1n) spore developing into a female gametophyte in heterosporous plants. obsolete megaspore true Obsolete. Use PO:0020019 from Plant Ontology instead. A haploid (1n) spore developing into a female gametophyte in heterosporous plants. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000251 extramedullary cell CL:0000252 Obsolete. Use PO:0020048 from Plant Ontology instead. A haploid (1n) spore developing into a male gametophyte in heterosporous plants; the uninucleate pollen grain in seed plants. obsolete microspore true Obsolete. Use PO:0020048 from Plant Ontology instead. A haploid (1n) spore developing into a male gametophyte in heterosporous plants; the uninucleate pollen grain in seed plants. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000253 eurydendroid cell CL:0000254 Obsolete. Use PO:0020094 from Plant Ontology instead. The female gamete of plants. female gametophyte egg cell obsolete egg cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0020094 from Plant Ontology instead. The female gamete of plants. TAIR:lr CL:0000255 MESH:D005057 eukaryotic cell CL:0000256 uric acid accumulating cell CL:0000257 Eumycetozoan cell CL:0000258 Obsolete. Use PO:0000355 from Plant Ontology instead. A fiber like tracheid in the secondary xylem; commonly thick walled, with pointed ends and bordered pits that have lenticular to slit like apertures. obsolete fiber tracheid true Obsolete. Use PO:0000355 from Plant Ontology instead. A fiber like tracheid in the secondary xylem; commonly thick walled, with pointed ends and bordered pits that have lenticular to slit like apertures. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000259 obsolete aggregate cell true CL:0000260 Obsolete. Use PO:0000373 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell containing mucilages or gums or similar carbohydrate material characterized by the property of swelling in water. obsolete mucilage cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000373 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell containing mucilages or gums or similar carbohydrate material characterized by the property of swelling in water. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000261 false http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DDANAT_0000002 Obsoleted becuase this term has an overly general name, no definition, and by it's classification appears to refer to a very specific cell type in dictystelium. If needed, the term should be in DDANAT - probably as a subclass of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DDANAT_0000002 obsolete anterior cell true CL:0000262 Obsolete. Use PO:0000351 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell that divides to produce the guard cells. obsolete guard mother cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000351 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell that divides to produce the guard cells. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000263 obsolete vegetative cell (sensu Mycetozoa) true CL:0000264 Obsolete. Use PO:0000400 from Plant Ontology instead. A cambial cell on the phloem side of the cambial zone that is the source of one or more cells arising by periclinal divisions and differentiating into phloem elements with or without additional divisions in various planes. phloem mother cell obsolete phloem initial true Obsolete. Use PO:0000400 from Plant Ontology instead. A cambial cell on the phloem side of the cambial zone that is the source of one or more cells arising by periclinal divisions and differentiating into phloem elements with or without additional divisions in various planes. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000265 obsolete anterior like cell true CL:0000266 Obsolete. Use PO:0004011 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell constituting an active locus of meristematic activity in a tissue composed of somewhat older, differentiating cells. obsolete meristemoid true Obsolete. Use PO:0004011 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell constituting an active locus of meristematic activity in a tissue composed of somewhat older, differentiating cells. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000267 obsolete prespore cell true CL:0000268 Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. The cell in the phloem tissue concerned with mainly longitudinal conduction of food materials. Classified into sieve cell and sieve tube member. obsolete sieve element true Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. The cell in the phloem tissue concerned with mainly longitudinal conduction of food materials. Classified into sieve cell and sieve tube member. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000269 obsolete prestalk cell true CL:0000270 Obsolete. Use PO:0000284 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell associated with a stoma and at least morphologically distinguishable from the epidermal cells composing the groundmass of the tissue. obsolete subsidiary cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000284 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell associated with a stoma and at least morphologically distinguishable from the epidermal cells composing the groundmass of the tissue. ISBN:047124520 CL:0000271 obsolete prestalk A cell true CL:0000272 OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell localized in the vascular cambium or phellogen. Its periclinal division can contribute cells either to the outside or to the inside of the axis; in vascular cambium, classified into fusiform initials (source of axial cells of xylem and phloem) and ray initials (source of the ray cells). replaced_by PO:0000295 obsolete cambial initial true OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell localized in the vascular cambium or phellogen. Its periclinal division can contribute cells either to the outside or to the inside of the axis; in vascular cambium, classified into fusiform initials (source of axial cells of xylem and phloem) and ray initials (source of the ray cells). ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000273 obsolete prestalk AB cell true CL:0000274 true CL:0000275 obsolete prestalk B cell true CL:0000276 Obsolete. Use PO:0000077 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell variable in form and size, being more or less thick, often lignified, secondary walls. Belongs to the category of subcells and may or may not be devoid of protoplast at maturity. obsolete sclerenchyma cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000077 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell variable in form and size, being more or less thick, often lignified, secondary walls. Belongs to the category of subcells and may or may not be devoid of protoplast at maturity. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000277 OBSOLETE: Initial population of prestalk cells that activate the ecmA promoter at the mound stage and that presumably further differentiate into pstA and pstO cells. This cell type does not exist in Dictyostelium. it has been long deleted in their anatomy ontology. obsolete prestalk I cell true OBSOLETE: Initial population of prestalk cells that activate the ecmA promoter at the mound stage and that presumably further differentiate into pstA and pstO cells. DictyBase:DDB CL:0000278 Obsolete. Use PO:0020090 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETED, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell containing the two polar nuclei which, after double fertilization, will develop into the endosperm. obsolete central cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0020090 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETED, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell containing the two polar nuclei which, after double fertilization, will develop into the endosperm. TAIR:lr CL:0000279 obsolete prestalk 0 cell true CL:0000280 Obsolete. Use PO:0020097 from Plant Ontology instead. The cell that will give rise to the generative nuclei which will participate in fertilization. obsolete generative cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0020097 from Plant Ontology instead. The cell that will give rise to the generative nuclei which will participate in fertilization. TAIR:lr CL:0000281 obsolete pstAB/ALC true CL:0000282 Obsolete. Use PO:0000282 from Plant Ontology instead. An outgrowth from the epidermis. Trichomes vary in size and complexity and include hairs, scales, and other structures and may be glandular. In Arabidopsis, patterning of trichome development is not random but does not appear to be lineage-based like stomata. obsolete trichome true Obsolete. Use PO:0000282 from Plant Ontology instead. An outgrowth from the epidermis. Trichomes vary in size and complexity and include hairs, scales, and other structures and may be glandular. In Arabidopsis, patterning of trichome development is not random but does not appear to be lineage-based like stomata. ISBN:0471245208 PMID:10938806 CL:0000283 obsolete pstO/ALC true CL:0000284 Obsolete. Use PO:0000071 from Plant Ontology instead. A specialized parenchyma cell associated with a sieve-tube member in angiosperm phloem and arising from the same mother cell as the sieve-tube member. obsolete companion cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000071 from Plant Ontology instead. A specialized parenchyma cell associated with a sieve-tube member in angiosperm phloem and arising from the same mother cell as the sieve-tube member. ISBN:0879015322 CL:0000285 obsolete stalk cell true CL:0000286 A cell of a filament of a fungal mycelium. hyphal cell A cell of a filament of a fungal mycelium. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000287 eye photoreceptor cell CL:0000288 Obsolete. Use PO:0000191 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell in the micropylar end of the embryo sac associated with the egg in the egg apparatus of angiosperms. Plays a vital role in fertilization. obsolete synergid true Obsolete. Use PO:0000191 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell in the micropylar end of the embryo sac associated with the egg in the egg apparatus of angiosperms. Plays a vital role in fertilization. ISBN:047125208 CL:0000289 obsolete chemotactic amoeboid cell (sensu Mycetozoa) true CL:0000290 Obsolete. Use PO:0000274 from Plant Ontology instead. A fiber of the xylem tissue, Two types are recognized in the secondary xylem: fiber tracheids and libriform fibers. obsolete xylem fiber cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000274 from Plant Ontology instead. A fiber of the xylem tissue, Two types are recognized in the secondary xylem: fiber tracheids and libriform fibers. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000291 obsolete spore (sensu Mycetozoa) true CL:0000292 Obsolete. Use PO:0000293 from Plant Ontology instead. One of a pair of cells flanking the stomatal pore and causing the opening and closing of the pore by changes in turgor. stomatal guard cell obsolete guard cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000293 from Plant Ontology instead. One of a pair of cells flanking the stomatal pore and causing the opening and closing of the pore by changes in turgor. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000293 A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism. structural cell A cell whose primary function is to provide structural support, to provide strength and physical integrity to the organism. TAIR:sr CL:0000294 Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. A type of sieve element that has relatively undifferentiated sieve areas (with narrow pores), rather uniform in structure on all walls; that is, there are no sieve plates. Typical of gymnosperms and lower vascular plants. obsolete sieve cell true Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. A type of sieve element that has relatively undifferentiated sieve areas (with narrow pores), rather uniform in structure on all walls; that is, there are no sieve plates. Typical of gymnosperms and lower vascular plants. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000295 A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. growth hormone secreting cell somatotrophin secreting cell somatotropin secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. GOC:tfm SANBI:mhl CL:0000296 Obsolete. Use PO:0020099 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell type formed after the first mitotic division of the microgametophye, The nucleus of this cell migrates to the tip of the pollen tube after germination and disintegrates when the pollen tube penetrates the nucellus. obsolete vegetative cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0020099 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell type formed after the first mitotic division of the microgametophye, The nucleus of this cell migrates to the tip of the pollen tube after germination and disintegrates when the pollen tube penetrates the nucellus. ISBN:0140514031 TAIR:lr CL:0000297 Obsolete. Use PO:0000115 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell that surrounds a trichome and provides support for the trichome. obsolete socket cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000115 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell that surrounds a trichome and provides support for the trichome. PMID:10938806 CL:0000298 Obsolete. Use PO:0000273 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell composing the xylem. obsolete xylem element true Obsolete. Use PO:0000273 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell composing the xylem. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000299 OBSOLETED. Commonly used for a cell in root epidermis that gives rise to a root hair. The daughter cell produced by the asymmetric division of a root epidermal cell that gives rise to a root hair. Obsoleted. Use trichoblast from the plant ontology (PO:0000262). obsolete trichoblast true OBSOLETED. Commonly used for a cell in root epidermis that gives rise to a root hair. The daughter cell produced by the asymmetric division of a root epidermal cell that gives rise to a root hair. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000300 A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. CALOHA:TS-0395 FBbt:00005412 FMA:18649 haploid nucleated cell haploid germ cell gamete true A mature sexual reproductive cell having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000301 A primordial germ cell of insects. Such cells form at the posterior pole of the early embryo. FBbt:00000092 pole cell A primordial germ cell of insects. Such cells form at the posterior pole of the early embryo. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511818202.015 CL:0000302 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Not a differentiation state per se; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete IgM B cell true CL:0000303 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Not a differentiation state per se, and IgG isotypes vary by species; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete IgG B cell true CL:0000304 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Not a differentiation state per se, and IgA isotypes vary by species. Consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete IgA B cell true CL:0000305 OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete). Not a differentiation state per se; consider using 'B cell ; CL:0000236' or one of its children instead. obsolete IgE B cell true CL:0000306 lens cell crystallin accumulating cell CL:0000307 An epithelial cell found in the trachea. FMA:74793 tracheocyte This class is for the vertebrate tracheal structure. For the analagous insect cell type, see 'respiratory tube epithelial cell' tracheal epithelial cell true An epithelial cell found in the trachea. GOC:tfm CL:0000308 metal ion accumulating cell CL:0000309 cuprophilic cell copper accumulating cell CL:0000310 iron accumulating cell CL:0000311 keratin accumulating cell CL:0000312 An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. BTO:0000667 CALOHA:TS-0500 FMA:62879 keratinized cell of epidermis malpighian cell Keratinocytes are reportedly CDw210a-negative, CDw210b-positive, CD281-positive, CD282-positive, CD285-positive, IL22Ra1-positive, Human keratinocytes are reportedly capable of secreting BD-2, BD-3, hCAP-18, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL8, elafin, MMP-3, NGAL, PDGF-A, S100A7, S100A8, and S100A9. Transcription factors: STAT3-positive. keratinocyte true true An epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin. Successive stages of differentiation of the keratinocytes forming the epidermal layers are basal cell, spinous or prickle cell, and the granular cell. GOC:dsd MESH:D015603 PMID:15582983 PMID:15749908 PMID:19727116 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keratinocyte CL:0000313 Columnar glandular cell with irregular nucleus, copious granular endoplasmic reticulum and supranuclear granules. Secretes a watery fluid containing proteins known as serous fluid. BTO:0003687 FMA:62511 serous cell serous secreting cell Columnar glandular cell with irregular nucleus, copious granular endoplasmic reticulum and supranuclear granules. Secretes a watery fluid containing proteins known as serous fluid. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000314 milk secreting cell CL:0000315 A cell secreting tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the conjunctiva and cornea. tears secreting cell tear secreting cell A cell secreting tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands. This fluid moistens the conjunctiva and cornea. MESH:D013666 CL:0000316 Obsolete. Use PO:0000082 from Plant Ontology instead. A meristemic ray cell in the vascular cambium that gives rise to ray cells of the secondary xylem and secondary phloem. obsolete ray initial true Obsolete. Use PO:0000082 from Plant Ontology instead. A meristemic ray cell in the vascular cambium that gives rise to ray cells of the secondary xylem and secondary phloem. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000317 A cell secreting sebun, an oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands, composed of keratin, fat, and cellular debris. sebocyte sebum secreting cell A cell secreting sebun, an oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands, composed of keratin, fat, and cellular debris. MESH:D012629 CL:0000318 A cell secreting sweat, the fluid excreted by the sweat glands of mammals. It consists of water containing sodium chloride, phosphate, urea, ammonia, and other waste products. sweat secreting cell A cell secreting sweat, the fluid excreted by the sweat glands of mammals. It consists of water containing sodium chloride, phosphate, urea, ammonia, and other waste products. MESH:D013542 CL:0000319 BTO:0003689 mucous cell mucus secreting cell CL:0000320 Obsolete. Use PO:0000431 from Plant Ontology instead. A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores; also called megaspore mother cell. archesporial cell megaspore mother cell obsolete megasporocyte true Obsolete. Use PO:0000431 from Plant Ontology instead. A diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and produces four haploid (1n) megaspores; also called megaspore mother cell. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000321 obsolete seminal fluid secreting cell true CL:0000322 An epithelial cell that lines the peripheral gas exchange region of the lungs of air-breathing vertebrates. BTO:0000395 CALOHA:TS-2168 FMA:62499 alveolar epithelial cell pneumonocyte pneumocyte An epithelial cell that lines the peripheral gas exchange region of the lungs of air-breathing vertebrates. GOC:tfm PMID:20054144 CL:0000323 lysozyme secreting cell CL:0000324 metanephric mesenchyme stem cell CL:0000325 A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s). stuff accumulating cell A cell that is specialised to accumulate a particular substance(s). FB:ma CL:0000326 glycogen accumulating cell CL:0000327 extracellular matrix secreting cell CL:0000328 see: https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/161 obsolete myelin accumulating cell true CL:0000329 oxygen accumulating cell CL:0000330 Obsolete. Use PO:0000075 from Plant Ontology instead. An elongated living cell with unevenly thickened nonlignified primary walls. obsolete collenchymal cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000075 from Plant Ontology instead. An elongated living cell with unevenly thickened nonlignified primary walls. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000331 Obsolete. Use PO:0000301 from Plant Ontology instead. A tracheary element of the xylem that has no perforations, as contrasted with a vessel member. May occur in primary and in secondary xylem. May have any kind of secondary wall thickening found in tracheary elements. obsolete tracheid true Obsolete. Use PO:0000301 from Plant Ontology instead. A tracheary element of the xylem that has no perforations, as contrasted with a vessel member. May occur in primary and in secondary xylem. May have any kind of secondary wall thickening found in tracheary elements. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000332 OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell formed after asymmetric division of root epidermal cell that does not give rise to a root hair. non-hair cell obsolete atrichoblast true OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. A cell formed after asymmetric division of root epidermal cell that does not give rise to a root hair. ISBN:0387987819 CL:0000333 A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. FMA:86667 migratory neural crest cell A cell derived from the specialized ectoderm flanking each side of the embryonic neural plate, which after the closure of the neural tube, forms masses of cells that migrate out from the dorsal aspect of the neural tube to spread throughout the body. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2015.02.017 CL:0000334 BTO:0002307 FAO:0000032 yeast-form vegetative cell (sensu Fungi) CL:0000335 A mesenchymal cell in embryonic development found in a contracting mass and that gives rise to osteoprogenitors. mesenchyme condensation cell A mesenchymal cell in embryonic development found in a contracting mass and that gives rise to osteoprogenitors. GOC:tfm PMID:5025404 CL:0000336 A cell found within the adrenal medulla that secrete biogenic amine hormones upon stimulation. FMA:69262 medullary chromaffin cell of adrenal gland adrenal medulla chromaffin cell A cell found within the adrenal medulla that secrete biogenic amine hormones upon stimulation. GOC:tfm http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/6405/adrenal-gland medullary chromaffin cell of adrenal gland FMA:69262 CL:0000337 true CL:0000338 A neural precursor of the central nervous system. neuroblast FBbt:00005146 neuroblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) A neural precursor of the central nervous system. PMID:1295739 CL:0000339 An early neural cell developing from the early ependymal cell of the neural tube. FMA:70564 spongioblast glioblast (sensu Vertebrata) An early neural cell developing from the early ependymal cell of the neural tube. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000340 A precursor of the central nervous system that gives rise to glial cells only. FBbt:00005145 glioblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) A precursor of the central nervous system that gives rise to glial cells only. doi:10.1002/glia.21162 CL:0000341 pigment cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0000342 Any animal cell containing pigment granules. pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata) Any animal cell containing pigment granules. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000343 A pigment cell that is capable of detecting light stimulus that is involved in visual perception. FMA:63846 visual pigment cell (sensu Vertebrata) true A pigment cell that is capable of detecting light stimulus that is involved in visual perception. GOC:tfm CL:0000344 obsolete non-visual cell (sensu Vertebrata) true CL:0000345 A mesenchymal cell that is part of a small mass of condensed mesenchyme in the enamel organ; it differentiates into the dentin and dental pulp. Merge with odontoblast? dental papilla cell A mesenchymal cell that is part of a small mass of condensed mesenchyme in the enamel organ; it differentiates into the dentin and dental pulp. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000346 A specialized mesenchymal cell that resides in the dermal papilla located at the bottom of hair follicles. This cell plays a pivotal roles in hair formation, growth, and cycling. Are these really all stem cells? hair follicle dermal papilla cell true A specialized mesenchymal cell that resides in the dermal papilla located at the bottom of hair follicles. This cell plays a pivotal roles in hair formation, growth, and cycling. GOC:tfm PMID:9893172 CL:0000347 A cell of the sclera of the eye. scleral cell A cell of the sclera of the eye. GOC:add CL:0000348 A structural cell that is part of optic choroid. choroidal cell of the eye A structural cell that is part of optic choroid. GOC:add CL:0000349 extraembryonic cell CL:0000350 amnioserosal cell CL:0000351 A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface. FMA:83028 trophoblastic cell trophoblast cell true A cell lining the outside of the blastocyst. After binding to the endometrium, trophoblast cells develop into two distinct layers, an inner layer of mononuclear cytotrophoblast cells and an outer layer of continuous multinuclear cytoplasm, the syncytiotrophoblast cells, which form the early fetal-maternal interface. GOC:tfm MESH:D014327 CL:0000352 A cell of the outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation. epiblast cell A cell of the outer layer of a blastula that gives rise to the ectoderm after gastrulation. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000353 An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). BTO:0001473 FMA:72551 blastomere blastoderm cell An undifferentiated cell produced by early cleavages of the fertilized egg (zygote). MESH:D001756 CL:0000354 ncithesaurus:Blastemal_Cell blastema cell blastemal cell CL:0000355 A multifate stem cell found in skeletal muscle than can differentiate into many different cell types, including muscle. Distinct cell type from satellite cell. FMA:86767 Multi-potency demonstrated ex vivo. At the time of writing, it is unclear whether the endogenous population differentiates into multiple cell types in vivo. multi-potent skeletal muscle stem cell true A multifate stem cell found in skeletal muscle than can differentiate into many different cell types, including muscle. Distinct cell type from satellite cell. PMID:18282570 CL:0000356 hair matrix stem cell CL:0000357 stratified epithelial stem cell CL:0000358 A smooth muscle cell that is part of a sphincter. A sphincter is a typically circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. sphincter associated smooth muscle cell true A smooth muscle cell that is part of a sphincter. A sphincter is a typically circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. GOC:cjm CL:0000359 A smooth muscle cell associated with the vasculature. VSMC vascular smooth muscle cell vascular associated smooth muscle cell true A smooth muscle cell associated with the vasculature. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm CL:0000360 A cell of the early embryo at the developmental stage in which the blastomeres, resulting from repeated mitotic divisions of the fertilized ovum (zygote), form a compact cell mass. morula cell A cell of the early embryo at the developmental stage in which the blastomeres, resulting from repeated mitotic divisions of the fertilized ovum (zygote), form a compact cell mass. MESH:D009028 CL:0000361 A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers. gastrula cell A cell of the embryo in the early stage following the blastula, characterized by morphogenetic cell movements, cell differentiation, and the formation of the three germ layers. MESH:D005775 CL:0000362 An epithelial cell of the integument (the outer layer of an organism). BTO:0001470 CALOHA:TS-0283 FMA:62411 MESH:D000078404 cell of epidermis epithelial cell of skin epidermal cell An epithelial cell of the integument (the outer layer of an organism). Flybase:dsj MA:ma cell of epidermis FMA:62411 epithelial cell of skin FMA:62411 CL:0000363 Obsolete. Use PO:0000081 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from the Plant Ontology. A secondary vascular cell that develops from the fusiform cambial initials and oriented with their longest diameter parallel with the main axis of stem or root. These cells make up the axial system, also known as vertical or longitudinal system. obsolete axial cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000081 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from the Plant Ontology. A secondary vascular cell that develops from the fusiform cambial initials and oriented with their longest diameter parallel with the main axis of stem or root. These cells make up the axial system, also known as vertical or longitudinal system. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000364 Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology. A cell that develops from the ray initial and composes all rays (panels of tissue variable in height and width, formed by the ray initials in the vascular cambium and extending radially in the secondary xylem and secondary phloem) in the secondary vascular tissues. obsolete ray cell true Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology. A cell that develops from the ray initial and composes all rays (panels of tissue variable in height and width, formed by the ray initials in the vascular cambium and extending radially in the secondary xylem and secondary phloem) in the secondary vascular tissues. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000365 Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell. zygote BTO:0000854 EHDAA2:0004546 FMA:72395 animal zygote Diploid cell produced by the fusion of sperm cell nucleus and egg cell. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000366 Obsolete. Use PO:0000084 from Plant Ontology instead. Male gamete, part of male germ unit. gametophyte sperm cell male gametophyte sperm cell pollen germ cell obsolete sperm cell (sensu Viridiplantae) true Obsolete. Use PO:0000084 from Plant Ontology instead. Male gamete, part of male germ unit. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000367 glial cell (sensu Nematoda) sheath cell (sensu Nematoda) CL:0000368 Obsolete. Use PO:0000352 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell containing glucosinolates ('mustard oil glucosides') and myrosinases, enzymes hydrolyzing the glucosinolates. Occurs in eleven dicotyledon families, the two largest of which are the Brassicaceae and Euphorbiaceae. obsolete myrosin cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000352 from Plant Ontology instead. Cell containing glucosinolates ('mustard oil glucosides') and myrosinases, enzymes hydrolyzing the glucosinolates. Occurs in eleven dicotyledon families, the two largest of which are the Brassicaceae and Euphorbiaceae. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000369 true CL:0000370 Obsolete. Use PO:0000078 from Plant Ontology instead. Parenchyma cell with the wall ingrowth (or invaginations) that increase the surface of the plasmalemma. Appears to be specialized for short-distance transfer of solutes. intermediary cell obsolete transfer cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000078 from Plant Ontology instead. Parenchyma cell with the wall ingrowth (or invaginations) that increase the surface of the plasmalemma. Appears to be specialized for short-distance transfer of solutes. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000371 The cell protoplasm after removal of the cell wall. MESH:D011523 protoplast The cell protoplasm after removal of the cell wall. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000372 An epidermal cell that is part of a cell cluster organ of the insect integument (such as a sensillum) and that secretes a cuticular specialization that forms a socket around the base of a cuticular specialization produced by a trichogen cell. socket cell FBbt:00005171 tormogen cell An epidermal cell that is part of a cell cluster organ of the insect integument (such as a sensillum) and that secretes a cuticular specialization that forms a socket around the base of a cuticular specialization produced by a trichogen cell. ISBN:978-0801481253 socket cell ISBN:978-0801481253 CL:0000373 A progenitor cell found in the larval epidermis of insects and that gives rise to the adult abdominal epidermis. FBbt:00001789 histoblast A progenitor cell found in the larval epidermis of insects and that gives rise to the adult abdominal epidermis. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.045 CL:0000374 An epidermal cell that is part of a cell cluster organ of the insect integument (such as a sensillum) and that secretes a cuticular specialization, often in the form of a hair, bristle, peg or scale. The base of this specialization is often surrounded by a socket produced by a closely associated tormogen cell. hair cell BTO:0004744 FBbt:00005169 trichogen cell An epidermal cell that is part of a cell cluster organ of the insect integument (such as a sensillum) and that secretes a cuticular specialization, often in the form of a hair, bristle, peg or scale. The base of this specialization is often surrounded by a socket produced by a closely associated tormogen cell. ISBN:978-0801481253 CL:0000375 BTO:0002051 obsolete osteoprogenitor cell true CL:0000376 humidity receptor cell CL:0000377 tracheoblast CL:0000378 support cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) supporting cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0000379 sensory processing neuron CL:0000380 The support cell that makes the thecogen dendritic cap - a cuticle-like matrix around the tip of the eo-dendrite and which encloses the soma of the eo-neuron. FBbt:00005173 fly sheath cell thecogen cell The support cell that makes the thecogen dendritic cap - a cuticle-like matrix around the tip of the eo-dendrite and which encloses the soma of the eo-neuron. Fbbt:00005173 CL:0000381 'neuroendocrine cell' (which has exact synonym "neurosecretory cell") and 'neurosecretory neuron' may all refer to the same cell type. obsolete neurosecretory neuron true CL:0000382 A cell that is part of a scolopidium and surrounds the dendrite of a scolopidial neuron. FBbt:00005219 scolopidial sheath cell scolopale cell A cell that is part of a scolopidium and surrounds the dendrite of a scolopidial neuron. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50012-2 doi:10.1017/CBO9780511818202.024 scolopidial sheath cell ISBN:978-087969828-7 CL:0000383 nephrogenic mesenchyme stem cell CL:0000384 ligament cell CL:0000385 A precursor of mature hemocytes. FBbt:00005062 prohemocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) A precursor of mature hemocytes. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000386 attachment cell CL:0000387 A blood cell of the circulatory system of arthropods. FBbt:00005063 hemocyte (sensu Arthropoda) A blood cell of the circulatory system of arthropods. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000388 An elongated fibrocyte that is part of a tendon. The cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. They have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. Tendon cells have a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and they are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance. muscle attachment cell tenocyte tendon cell true An elongated fibrocyte that is part of a tendon. The cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. They have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus. Tendon cells have a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum and they are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance. GOC:NV GOC:tfm PMID:957445 CL:0000389 socket cell (sensu Nematoda) CL:0000390 blood cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0000391 Obsoleted as podocytes are not a distinct cell type from plasmatocytes. obsolete podocyte (sensu Diptera) true CL:0000392 A hemocyte that synthesizes and secretes melanins as part of the antimicrobial immune response. It is characterized morphologically by crystal inclusions of phenoloxidases in its cytoplasm, hence its name. crystal cell A hemocyte that synthesizes and secretes melanins as part of the antimicrobial immune response. It is characterized morphologically by crystal inclusions of phenoloxidases in its cytoplasm, hence its name. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000393 A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. electrically responsive cell A cell whose function is determined by its response to an electric signal. FB:ma CL:0000394 A phagocytic hemocyte, responsible for the engulfment of small particles, microbes, and apoptotic tissue debris. It may also secretes antimicrobial peptides and contribute to the production and secretion of proteins of the hemolymph. FBbt:00001685 macrophage plasmatocyte A phagocytic hemocyte, responsible for the engulfment of small particles, microbes, and apoptotic tissue debris. It may also secretes antimicrobial peptides and contribute to the production and secretion of proteins of the hemolymph. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000395 A precursor of mature crystal cells. FBbt:00001689 procrystal cell A precursor of mature crystal cells. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000396 A hemocyte found in immuno-stimulated larvae. FBbt:00001687 lamellocyte A hemocyte found in immuno-stimulated larvae. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50008-0 CL:0000397 ganglion interneuron true CL:0000398 FBbt:00001691 Obsoleted as this is actually the same thing as prohemocytes. obsolete polygonal cell true CL:0000399 Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETED, not defined prior to obsoletion. obsolete phloem element true Obsolete. Consult Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETED, not defined prior to obsoletion. GOC:tfm CL:0000400 Obsolete. Use PO:0000332 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell with a characteristic convoluted anticlinal cell wall that gives a jigsaw like appearance to the lamina. obsolete pavement cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000332 from Plant Ontology instead. An epidermal cell with a characteristic convoluted anticlinal cell wall that gives a jigsaw like appearance to the lamina. ISBN:087694289 CL:0000401 Obsoleted as plasmatocytes are the macrophages (phagocytic cells) of Diptera. obsolete macrophage (sensu Diptera) true CL:0000402 An interneuron that has its cell body in a central nervous system. Interneurons are commonly described as being only found in the central nervous system. However, in CL we define 'interneuron' more broadly as any neuron that is neither a motor neuron nor a sensory neuron, regardless of its location, so we need this term to refer strictly to interneurons of the central nervous system. CNS interneuron An interneuron that has its cell body in a central nervous system. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-817424-1.00001-X CL:0000403 true CL:0000404 A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. electrically signaling cell A cell that initiates an electrical signal and passes that signal to another cell. FB:ma CL:0000405 Obsoleted as the term seems completely unused in the literature. obsolete neuroepidermoblast true CL:0000406 CNS short range interneuron CL:0000407 A cell that anchors the cell body of a scolopidial neuron to the integument. FBbt:00005221 scolopidial ligament cell A cell that anchors the cell body of a scolopidial neuron to the integument. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-408088-1.00002-6 doi:10.1023/a:1018564904170 CL:0000408 BTO:0001277 CALOHA:TS-0949 male gamete true true CL:0000409 Obsoleted as this refers to the same cell type as 'scolopale cell'. obsolete scolopidial sheath cell true CL:0000410 CNS long range interneuron CL:0000411 An epithelial cell of the hypodermis of Caenorhabditis. roundworm hypodermal cell WBbt:0007846 This term was originally added to CL for parity with the Worm anatomy ontology, which is dedicated to C elegans. It is not clear if it makes sense to try and generalize the concept and include in CL, and this term may be obsoleted in future. Note there is no similarity to the hypodermis in vertebrates. Caenorhabditis hypodermal cell An epithelial cell of the hypodermis of Caenorhabditis. GOC:tfm http://www.wormatlas.org/hermaphrodite/hypodermis/mainframe.htm CL:0000412 A cell that contains more than two haploid sets of chromosomes. polyploid cell A cell that contains more than two haploid sets of chromosomes. FB:ma PMID:32646579 https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Biology_(Kimball)/07%3A_Cell_Division/7.04%3A_Polyploidy CL:0000413 A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome. haploid cell A cell whose nucleus contains a single haploid genome. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000414 OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the number of haploid genome equivalents of their nucleus or nuclei. CL:0000000 CL:0000003 CL:0000255 CL:0001034 This term was made obsolete because there is no difference in meaning between it and 'cell', as any cell with chromosomes can be classified by its ploidy. If you have used this term in annotation, please replace it with cell (CL:0000000), native cell (CL:0000003), eukaryotic cell (CL:0000255) or cell in vitro (CL:0001034) as appropriate. obsolete cell by ploidy true OBSOLETE: A classification of cells by the number of haploid genome equivalents of their nucleus or nuclei. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000415 A cell whose nucleus has two haploid genomes. FMA:72300 diploid cell A cell whose nucleus has two haploid genomes. FB:ma CL:0000416 polytene cell CL:0000417 endopolyploid cell CL:0000418 An epithelial cell found in C. elegans that firmly hold the outer body wall and the lips to the inner cylinder of the pharynx in a manner that keeps these organs from breaking apart, while still giving each organ freedom of movement during feeding. WBbt:0005793 arcade cell An epithelial cell found in C. elegans that firmly hold the outer body wall and the lips to the inner cylinder of the pharynx in a manner that keeps these organs from breaking apart, while still giving each organ freedom of movement during feeding. GOC:tfm http://www.wormatlas.org/ver1/handbook/hypodermis/hypsupportother.htm#arcadecells CL:0000419 An epithelial fate stem cell found in flatworms. BTO:0003039 seam cell An epithelial fate stem cell found in flatworms. GOC:tfm http://www.wormatlas.org/hermaphrodite/seam%20cells/mainframe.htm CL:0000420 syncytial epithelial cell CL:0000421 A free floating cell, including amebocytes and eleocytes, in the coelom of certain animals, especially annelids. BTO:0002856 WBbt:0005751 coelomocyte A free floating cell, including amebocytes and eleocytes, in the coelom of certain animals, especially annelids. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000422 A cell whose primary function is to cause growth by stimulating cell division in its immediate cellular environment. mitogenic signaling cell A cell whose primary function is to cause growth by stimulating cell division in its immediate cellular environment. FB:ma CL:0000423 tip cell CL:0000424 A cell involved in the elimination of metabolic and foreign toxins, and in maintaining the ionic, acid-base and water balance of biological fluids. WBbt:0005812 excretory cell A cell involved in the elimination of metabolic and foreign toxins, and in maintaining the ionic, acid-base and water balance of biological fluids. GOC:tfm PMID:19783135 CL:0000425 Forms the terminal part of the cuticle-lined excretory duct of C. elegans. pore cell Forms the terminal part of the cuticle-lined excretory duct of C. elegans. JB:jb CL:0000426 This is a cell used in tissue engineering and is out of scope for CL. obsolete scaffold cell true CL:0000427 A scaffolding cell type found in C. elegans, this cell plays a supportive role to the muscle arms. May also have an endocrine role. GLR cell A scaffolding cell type found in C. elegans, this cell plays a supportive role to the muscle arms. May also have an endocrine role. GOC:tfm http://wormatlas.psc.edu/hermaphrodite/muscleGLR/mainframe.htm CL:0000428 yolk cell CL:0000429 A columnar epithelial cell that is part of an insect imaginal disc. FBbt:00007108 This term does not encompass all the cell types that may be found in an epithelial disc (such as the peripodial or adepithelial cells), only the cells that form the disc epithelium proper. imaginal disc cell A columnar epithelial cell that is part of an insect imaginal disc. doi:10.1007/s00412-016-0595-4 CL:0000430 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red. xanthophore xanthophore cell A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains cartenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This gives an appearance ranging from a golden yellow to orange and red. SANBI:mhl CL:0000431 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platelets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color. guanophore iridophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. The cell contains flat light-reflecting platelets, probably of guanine, in stacks called reflecting platelets or iridisomes. The color-generating components produce a silver, gold, or iridescent color. SANBI:mhl CL:0000432 A fibroblast that synthesizes collagen and uses it to produce reticular fibers, thus providing structural support. Reticular cells are found in many organs, including the spleen, lymph nodes and kidneys. Subtypes of reticular cells include epithelial, mesenchymal, and fibroblastic reticular cells. Fibroblastic reticular cells are involved in directing B cells and T cells to specific regions within a tissue, whereas epithelial and mesenchymal reticular cells are associated with certain areas of the brain. FMA:62877 reticulum cell reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A fibroblast that synthesizes collagen and uses it to produce reticular fibers, thus providing structural support. Reticular cells are found in many organs, including the spleen, lymph nodes and kidneys. Subtypes of reticular cells include epithelial, mesenchymal, and fibroblastic reticular cells. Fibroblastic reticular cells are involved in directing B cells and T cells to specific regions within a tissue, whereas epithelial and mesenchymal reticular cells are associated with certain areas of the brain. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reticular_cell CL:0000433 Obsolete. Use PO:0000244 from Plant Ontology instead. In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that will undergo megagametogenesis. obsolete functional megaspore true Obsolete. Use PO:0000244 from Plant Ontology instead. In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that will undergo megagametogenesis. TAIR:lr CL:0000434 A secretory cell that discharges its product without loss of cytoplasm. eccrine cell A secretory cell that discharges its product without loss of cytoplasm. ISBN:0198547684 CL:0000435 alkali secreting cell CL:0000436 vaginal lubricant secreting cell CL:0000437 A rounded cell that is usually situated next to sinusoids; secretes follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). BTO:0002482 FMA:83100 delta basophil follicle stimulating hormone secreting cell gonadotrope gonadotrope cell gonadotroph gonadotropic cell pituitary delta cell gonadtroph A rounded cell that is usually situated next to sinusoids; secretes follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonadotroph CL:0000438 A peptide hormone secreting cell pituitary that produces luteinizing hormone. luteinizing hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell pituitary that produces luteinizing hormone. GOC:tfm CL:0000439 A peptide hormone cell that secretes prolactin. prolactin secreting cell A peptide hormone cell that secretes prolactin. GOC:tfm SANBI:mhl CL:0000440 A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone. BTO:0002277 melanotrope melanotroph melanocyte stimulating hormone secreting cell A cell of the intermediate pituitary that produces melanocyte stimulating hormone. SANBI:mhl CL:0000441 A stem cell that gives rise to the follicle cells that surround the oocyte in female arthropods. somatic stem cell FBbt:00004903 follicle stem cell (sensu Arthropoda) A stem cell that gives rise to the follicle cells that surround the oocyte in female arthropods. doi:10.1016/B978-012369493-5.50005-5 doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19361-0 doi:10.1242/dev.121.11.3797 somatic stem cell doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2005.08.012 CL:0000442 A cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue. They are unrelated to the dendritic cell associated with T cells. Follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, but unlike other dendritic cells, they do not process or present antigen in a way that allows recognition by T cells. Instead, they hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response. BTO:0004267 FMA:83037 MESH:D020566 Due to its unique lineage and distinct function, this is not a type of dendritic cell; CL:0000451. follicular dendritic cell A cell with extensive dendritic processes found in the B cell areas (primary follicles and germinal centers) of lymphoid tissue. They are unrelated to the dendritic cell associated with T cells. Follicular dendritic cells have Fc receptors and C3b receptors, but unlike other dendritic cells, they do not process or present antigen in a way that allows recognition by T cells. Instead, they hold antigen in the form of immune complexes on their surfaces for long periods and can present antigen to B cells during an immune response. ISBN:127520252 CL:0000443 calcitonin secreting cell CL:0000444 A muscle cell in which the fibers are organised into sarcomeres but in which adjacent myofibrils are offset from each other, producing an oblique banding pattern. Examples include the somatic muscles of nemotodes and cephalopods. obliquely striated muscle cell A muscle cell in which the fibers are organised into sarcomeres but in which adjacent myofibrils are offset from each other, producing an oblique banding pattern. GOC:DOS PMID:8720463 CL:0000445 apoptosis fated cell CL:0000446 An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland that is arranged in wide, irregular interconnecting columns; responsible for the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormone. BTO:0004712 CALOHA:TS-2140 FMA:69078 parathyroid chief cell parathyroid gland chief cell parathyroid hormone secreting cell principal cell of parathyroid gland chief cell of parathyroid gland An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland that is arranged in wide, irregular interconnecting columns; responsible for the synthesis and secretion of parathyroid hormone. FMA:69078 GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0000447 carbohydrate secreting cell CL:0000448 An adipocyte with light coloration and few mitochondria. It contains a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole. CALOHA:TS-1119 FMA:83434 white adipose cell white fat cell white adipocyte An adipocyte with light coloration and few mitochondria. It contains a scant ring of cytoplasm surrounding a single large lipid droplet or vacuole. GOC:tfm MESH:D052438 CL:0000449 A cell from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in many species, particularly in newborns and hibernating mammals, but also in lesser amounts in adults of other mammals including humans. Brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation. CALOHA:TS-0099 FMA:83435 brown adipose cell brown fat cell brown adipocyte A cell from the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in many species, particularly in newborns and hibernating mammals, but also in lesser amounts in adults of other mammals including humans. Brown fat is capable of rapid liberation of energy and seems to be important in the maintenance of body temperature immediately after birth and upon waking from hibernation. MESH:D002001 CL:0000450 true CL:0000451 A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative). BTO:0002042 CALOHA:TS-0194 FMA:83036 MESH:D003713 interdigitating cell veiled cell dendritic cell A cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation. These cells are lineage negative (CD3-negative, CD19-negative, CD34-negative, and CD56-negative). GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000452 thyroid hormone secreting cell CL:0000453 Langerhans cell is a conventional dendritic cell that has plasma membrane part CD207. A Langerhans cell is a stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. BTO:0000705 CALOHA:TS-2375 FMA:63072 MESH:D007801 LC Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000021 )(PMID:19243617). These cells are also CD1a-high, CD14-negative, CD207-positive (langerin), CD324-positive (E-cadherin), and DCIR-positive. They reside in the epidermis. Langerhans cell true Langerhans cell is a conventional dendritic cell that has plasma membrane part CD207. A Langerhans cell is a stellate dendritic cell of myeloid origin, that appears clear on light microscopy and has a dark-staining, indented nucleus and characteristic inclusions (Birbeck granules) in the cytoplasm; Langerhans cells are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but they also occur in other stratified epithelia and have been identified in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. GOC:add GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0721601464 ISBN:0781735149 PMCID:PMC2346585 PMID:17850486 CL:0000454 A cell capable of producing epinephrine. Epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme, which is expressed in the adrenal glands, androgenic neurons, and in other cell types. adrenaline secreting cell epinephrin secreting cell epinephrine secreting cell A cell capable of producing epinephrine. Epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme, which is expressed in the adrenal glands, androgenic neurons, and in other cell types. GOC:tfm PMID:12438093 adrenaline secreting cell GO:0048242 CL:0000455 Obsolete. Use PO:0004531 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell characterized by conspicuous and rather stable accumulation of starch. obsolete starch sheath cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0004531 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell characterized by conspicuous and rather stable accumulation of starch. ISBN:044174520 CL:0000456 mineralocorticoid secreting cell CL:0000457 biogenic amine secreting cell CL:0000458 A cell type that secretes 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). 5-HT secreting cell 5-Hydroxytryptamine secreting cell serotonin secreting cell A cell type that secretes 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). GOC:tfm PMID:19630576 CL:0000459 A cell capable of producting norepiniphrine. Norepiniphrine is a catecholamine with multiple roles including as a hormone and a neurotransmitter. In addition, epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme. noradrenaline secreting cell norepinephrin secreting cell norepinephrine secreting cell noradrenergic cell A cell capable of producting norepiniphrine. Norepiniphrine is a catecholamine with multiple roles including as a hormone and a neurotransmitter. In addition, epiniphrine is synthesized from norepiniphrine by the actions of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase enzyme. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0000460 glucocorticoid secreting cell CL:0000461 true CL:0000462 A cell of mesodermal origin that is closely associated with the epithelium of an imaginal disc. It is a precursor of some of the insect's adult muscles. FBbt:00003219 adepithelial cell A cell of mesodermal origin that is closely associated with the epithelium of an imaginal disc. It is a precursor of some of the insect's adult muscles. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(97)00654-0 CL:0000463 An epidermal cell that secretes chitinous cuticle from its apical side. FBbt:00007325 While insect epidermis is generally columnar/cuboidal, there are certainly well studied cases where it is not (e.g.- Rhodnius prolixus when starved). So it would be safer to add this as a differentium for particular species where this is known. -DSJ. epidermal cell (sensu Arthropoda) An epidermal cell that secretes chitinous cuticle from its apical side. FlyBase:ds ISBN:ISBN:978-0801481253 CL:0000464 An epidermal progenitor cell that arises from neuroectoderm and in turn gives rise to the epidermal sheath of ventral and cephalic regions. FBbt:00004994 epidermoblast An epidermal progenitor cell that arises from neuroectoderm and in turn gives rise to the epidermal sheath of ventral and cephalic regions. GOC:tfm PMID:7576311 CL:0000465 A precursor of the cells that form the dorsal vessel of arthropods. FBbt:00001666 cardioblast (sensu Arthropoda) A precursor of the cells that form the dorsal vessel of arthropods. doi:10.1007/BF00360522 CL:0000466 true CL:0000467 A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces adrenocorticotropin, or corticotropin. ACTH secreting cell adrenocorticotrophic hormone secreting cell corticotrophin hormone secreting cell corticotropin hormone secreting cell corticotropin secreting cell adrenocorticotropic hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that produces adrenocorticotropin, or corticotropin. GOC:tfm SANBI:mhl ACTH secreting cell GO:0051458 corticotropin secreting cell GO:0051458 CL:0000468 A precursor of the central nervous system that gives rise to both neurons and glial cells. FBbt:00005147 neuro-glioblast neuroglioblast neuroglioblast (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) A precursor of the central nervous system that gives rise to both neurons and glial cells. doi:10.1002/glia.21162 CL:0000469 A neural progenitor cell that is the daughter of a neuroblast (sensu arthopoda). The progeny of ganglion mother cells develop into neurons, glia and (occasionally) epithelial cells. FBbt:00005149 ganglion mother cell CL:0000470 digestive enzyme secreting cell CL:0000471 true CL:0000472 Obsolete. Use PO:0000076 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. Parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts; a component of leaf mesophyll and other green parenchyma tissue. obsolete chlorenchyma cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0000076 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from Plant Ontology. Parenchyma cells containing chloroplasts; a component of leaf mesophyll and other green parenchyma tissue. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000473 A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism. defensive cell A cell whose primary function is to protect the organism. JB:jb CL:0000474 An insect renal cell that filters hemolymph and is found with other pericardial nephrocytes in two rows flanking the dorsal vessel. FBbt:00005058 pericardial cell pericardial nephrocyte An insect renal cell that filters hemolymph and is found with other pericardial nephrocytes in two rows flanking the dorsal vessel. FBbt:00003184 GO:0061320 GOC:tfm PMID:19783135 pericardial cell FBbt:00005058 GO:0061320 CL:0000475 Obsolete. Use PO:0000245 from Plant Ontology instead. In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that do not participate in megagametogenesis. obsolete degenerate megaspore true Obsolete. Use PO:0000245 from Plant Ontology instead. In monosporic and bisporic megasporogenesis: the megaspore(s) that do not participate in megagametogenesis. TAIR:lr CL:0000476 A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. This cell type is elongated, polygonal and lie in clusters towards the adenohypophyseal center. FMA:83099 MESH:D052684 beta-basophil thyroid stimulating hormone secreting cell thyrotrope thyrotroph A basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces thyroid stimulating hormone, thyrotrophin. This cell type is elongated, polygonal and lie in clusters towards the adenohypophyseal center. ISBN:0517223651 SANBI:mhl CL:0000477 A somatic epithelial cell of the insect egg chamber. follicle cell ovarian follicle cell FBbt:00004904 follicle cell of egg chamber CL:0000478 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes oxytocin stimulating hormone oxytocin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes oxytocin stimulating hormone GO:tfm CL:0000479 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes vasopressin stimulating hormone vasopressin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes vasopressin stimulating hormone GO:tfm CL:0000480 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes secretin stimulating hormone secretin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes secretin stimulating hormone GO:tfm CL:0000481 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes cholecystokin stimulating hormone. cholecystokin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes cholecystokin stimulating hormone. GO:tfm CL:0000482 An endocrine cell that secretes juvenile hormone. FBbt:00058020 juvenile hormone secreting cell An endocrine cell that secretes juvenile hormone. GO:tfm CL:0000483 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes bombesin stimulating hormone. bombesin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes bombesin stimulating hormone. GO:tfm https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000484 Mast cell subtype whose granules contain both the serine proteases tryptase and chymase. These cells are primarily found in connective tissue, such as the peritoneal cavity, skin, and intestinal submucosa. Their development is T-cell independent. MC(TC) MCTC TC mast cells They are CD88-positive. The cytoplasmic granules contain high levels of histamine and heparin (mouse) or major neutral proteases, tryptase, chymase, carboxypeptidase A, and cathepsin G (humans). Reportedly, they cannot produce leukotrienes (LTC4) and IL-4. They are reportedly very heterogeneous depending upon location and can convert to the MC(T) phenotype. connective tissue type mast cell true Mast cell subtype whose granules contain both the serine proteases tryptase and chymase. These cells are primarily found in connective tissue, such as the peritoneal cavity, skin, and intestinal submucosa. Their development is T-cell independent. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:19923473 PMID:9354811 CL:0000485 Mast cell subtype that contains only the serine protease trypase in its granules. These cells are primarily found in mucosal tissue, such as intestinal mucosa and alveoli. They depend upon T-cells for development of phenotype. MC(T) MCT T mast cells They are CD88-negative. The cytoplasmic granules contain low levels of histamine and high levels of chondroitin sulfate (mouse) or major neutral proteases and tryptase (humans). Additionally, they can produce leukotrienes (LTC4), IL-5, IL-6, and low levels of IL-4. They are reportedly very heterogeneous depending upon location and can convert to the MC(T) phenotype. mucosal type mast cell true Mast cell subtype that contains only the serine protease trypase in its granules. These cells are primarily found in mucosal tissue, such as intestinal mucosa and alveoli. They depend upon T-cells for development of phenotype. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:19923473 PMID:9354811 CL:0000486 A large binucleate cell that forms a 'garland' around the anterior end of the proventriculus (cardia) at its junction with the esophagus in both adults and larvae flies. Each cell is surrounded by a basement membrane and there are numerous micro-invaginations (lacunae) extending from the surface into the cytoplasm. At the mouth of each lacuna is a doubled filament forming a specialised filtration system (diaphragm). The filtrate is endocytosed from the lacunae. garland nephrocyte BTO:0004596 FBbt:00005059 garland cell A large binucleate cell that forms a 'garland' around the anterior end of the proventriculus (cardia) at its junction with the esophagus in both adults and larvae flies. Each cell is surrounded by a basement membrane and there are numerous micro-invaginations (lacunae) extending from the surface into the cytoplasm. At the mouth of each lacuna is a doubled filament forming a specialised filtration system (diaphragm). The filtrate is endocytosed from the lacunae. GOC:tfm PMID:19783135 fbbt:00005059 garland nephrocyte GO:0061321 CL:0000487 A secretory cell of ectodermal origin. This cell may have important functions in fatty acid and hydrocarbon metabolism and is metabolically linked to the fat body and tracheae. This cell is exclusive of arthropods. FBbt:00004995 Oenocytes are highly variable in size, shape, cluster formation and anatomical location. In adults, oenocytes tend to be smaller but more numerous than in larvae. While oenocytes have been found in arachnids and crustaceans, they have been most abundantly described in insects. oenocyte A secretory cell of ectodermal origin. This cell may have important functions in fatty acid and hydrocarbon metabolism and is metabolically linked to the fat body and tracheae. This cell is exclusive of arthropods. GOC:bf PMID:11171397 PMID:24397521 PMID:34208190 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/oenocyte Oenocytes are highly variable in size, shape, cluster formation and anatomical location. In adults, oenocytes tend to be smaller but more numerous than in larvae. While oenocytes have been found in arachnids and crustaceans, they have been most abundantly described in insects. PMID:24397521 PMID:34208190 CL:0000488 A photoreceptor cell that detects visible light. visible light photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that detects visible light. GOC:tfm CL:0000489 scotopic photoreceptor cell CL:0000490 photopic photoreceptor cell CL:0000491 OBSOLETE: A cell responsible for spontaneous cytotoxicity of a variety of tumor cells without prior immunization. These natural killer cells are found in non-immune humans and experimental animals and are thought by some to be the same as killer cells (killing by antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity), but they can also kill in the absence of antibody. This term had an incorrect definition and was overly broad. Consider using 'cytotoxic T cell ; CL:0000910' (in most cases) or another lymphocyte cell type if cytotoxicity is shown to be part of the cell's phenotype in a particular experimental situation. obsolete cytotoxic T cell true CL:0000492 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that cooperates with other lymphocytes via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions. CALOHA:TS-1146 FMA:70572 CD4-positive T-helper cell CD4-positive helper T lymphocyte CD4-positive helper T-cell CD4-positive helper T-lymphocyte CD4-positive helper T cell true A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that cooperates with other lymphocytes via direct contact or cytokine release to initiate a variety of immune functions. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 MESH:D006377 CL:0000493 OBSOLETE: Subpopulation of CD4+ cells which induce CD8+ suppressor T cells to suppress antibody production by B cells. They also stimulate other cellular immune responses. This term was defined too narrowly; consider using the term 'regulatory T cell ; CL:0000815' instead. obsolete regulatory T cell true CL:0000494 A photoreceptor cell that detects ultraviolet light. UV sensitive photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that detects ultraviolet light. GOC:tfm CL:0000495 A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to blue light. blue sensitive photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to blue light. GO:tfm CL:0000496 A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to green light. green sensitive photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to green light. GO:tfm CL:0000497 A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to red light. red sensitive photoreceptor cell A photoreceptor cell that is sensitive to red light. GO:tfm CL:0000498 An interneuron (also called relay neuron, association neuron or local circuit neuron) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. Like motor neurons, interneuron cell bodies are always located in the central nervous system (CNS). FMA:84776 inhibitory interneuron An interneuron (also called relay neuron, association neuron or local circuit neuron) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. Like motor neurons, interneuron cell bodies are always located in the central nervous system (CNS). GOC:tfm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneuron CL:0000499 A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. BTO:0002064 FMA:83624 stromal cell A connective tissue cell of an organ found in the loose connective tissue. These are most often associated with the uterine mucosa and the ovary as well as the hematopoietic system and elsewhere. GOC:tfm MESH:D017154 CL:0000500 An epithelial somatic cell associated with a maturing oocyte. follicular epithelial cell CL:0000501 A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors. BTO:0000542 CALOHA:TS-0729 FMA:18718 granulosa cell of ovary granulosa cell A supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the mammalian oocyte in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the ovum in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors. MESH:D006107 CL:0000502 A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. FMA:62935 D cell type D enteroendocrine cell A cell found throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the pancreas. They secrete somatostatin in both an endocrine and paracrine manner. Somatostatin inhibits gastrin, cholecystokinin, insulin, glucagon, pancreatic enzymes, and gastric hydrochloric acid. A variety of substances which inhibit gastric acid secretion (vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, cholecystokinin, beta-adrenergic agonists, and gastric inhibitory peptide) are thought to act by releasing somatostatin. MESH:D019864 CL:0000503 A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells. BTO:0002850 theca cell A flattened stroma cell forming a sheath or theca outside the basal lamina lining the mature ovarian follicle. Thecal interstitial or stromal cells are steroidogenic, and produce primarily androgens which serve as precusors of estrogens in the granulosa cells. MESH:D013799 CL:0000504 A enteroendocrine cell part of the glands of the gastric mucosa. They produce histamine and peptides such as chromogranins. This cell type respond to gastrin by releasing histamine which acts as a paracrine stimulator of the release of hydrochloric acid from the gastric parietal cells. BTO:0002692 ECL Consider enterochromaffin cell (CL:0002065). For several years this cell type was "enterochromaffin cell" despite a MESH dbxref and a free text definition that clearly meant enterochromaffin-like cell. enterochromaffin-like cell A enteroendocrine cell part of the glands of the gastric mucosa. They produce histamine and peptides such as chromogranins. This cell type respond to gastrin by releasing histamine which acts as a paracrine stimulator of the release of hydrochloric acid from the gastric parietal cells. GOC:tfm MESH:D019861 CL:0000505 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes substance P. substance P secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes substance P. GO:tfm CL:0000506 An endorphine cell that secretes enkephalin. enkephalin secreting cell An endorphine cell that secretes enkephalin. GO:tfm CL:0000507 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes endorphin. endorphin secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes endorphin. GO:tfm CL:0000508 An endocrine cell found in the pyloric gland mucosa (antral mucosa) of the stomach of mammals and responsible for the secretion of gastrin and enkephalin. Most abundant in pyloric antrum, pyramidal in form with a narrow apex bearing long microvilli. BTO:0004108 FMA:67609 G cell type G enteroendocrine cell An endocrine cell found in the pyloric gland mucosa (antral mucosa) of the stomach of mammals and responsible for the secretion of gastrin and enkephalin. Most abundant in pyloric antrum, pyramidal in form with a narrow apex bearing long microvilli. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 MESH:D019863 CL:0000509 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin. gastrin secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin. GO:tfm CL:0000510 An epithelial cell found in the basal part of the intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn) including the appendix. Paneth cells synthesize and secrete lysozyme and cryptdins. Numerous in the deeper parts of the intestinal crypts, particularly in the duodenum, rich in zinc, contain large acidophilic granules, with irregular apical microvilli and prominent membrane-bound vacuoles containing matrix. BTO:0000993 FMA:62897 paneth cell true An epithelial cell found in the basal part of the intestinal glands (crypts of Lieberkuhn) including the appendix. Paneth cells synthesize and secrete lysozyme and cryptdins. Numerous in the deeper parts of the intestinal crypts, particularly in the duodenum, rich in zinc, contain large acidophilic granules, with irregular apical microvilli and prominent membrane-bound vacuoles containing matrix. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 MESH:D019879 PMID:29184701 PMID:32308658 CL:0000511 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen binding protein. androgen binding protein secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen binding protein. GO:tfm CL:0000512 A paracrine cell is a secretory cell that secretes an agonist into intercellular spaces in which it diffuses to a target cell other than that which produced it. paracrine cell A paracrine cell is a secretory cell that secretes an agonist into intercellular spaces in which it diffuses to a target cell other than that which produced it. GOC:tfm ISBN:0198529171 CL:0000513 A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac muscle cell. FMA:84797 cardiac muscle progenitor cell cardiomyocyte progenitor cell cardiac muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into cardiac muscle cell. GOC:tfm MESH:D032386 CL:0000514 A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. FMA:84798 myoblast, smooth muscle satellite cell smooth muscle myoblast A precursor cell destined to differentiate into smooth muscle myocytes. GOC:tfm MESH:D032390 myoblast, smooth muscle MESH:D032390 CL:0000515 A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. FMA:84799 skeletal myoblast skeletal muscle myoblast A myoblast that differentiates into skeletal muscle fibers. SANBI:mhl CL:0000516 A non-neuronal cell that surrounds the neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia. FMA:54550 perineural satellite cell perineuronal satellite oligodendroglial cell satellite oligodendrocyte perineuronal satellite cell A non-neuronal cell that surrounds the neuronal cell bodies of the ganglia. GOC:tfm MESH:D027161 CL:0000517 A type of foam cell derived from a macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. lipophage macrophage derived foam cell A type of foam cell derived from a macrophage containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. GOC:add PMID:20213546 CL:0000518 A phagocyte in vertebrates that is able to phagocytosis. phagocyte (sensu Vertebrata) A phagocyte in vertebrates that is able to phagocytosis. GOC:tfm CL:0000519 A phagocyte from organisms in the Nematoda or Protostomia clades. phagocyte (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) A phagocyte from organisms in the Nematoda or Protostomia clades. GOC:tfm CL:0000520 MESH:D011387 prokaryotic cell CL:0000521 fungal cell CL:0000522 OBSOLETE: The reproductive structure of bacteria, fungi and cryptograms. obsolete spore true OBSOLETE: The reproductive structure of bacteria, fungi and cryptograms. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000523 A cell from the inner layer of the trophoblast of the early mammalian embryo that gives rise to the outer surface and villi of the chorion. Mononuclear crytoblasts fuse to give rise to a multinuclear cytotrophoblast. FMA:83042 mononuclear cytotrophoblast cell A cell from the inner layer of the trophoblast of the early mammalian embryo that gives rise to the outer surface and villi of the chorion. Mononuclear crytoblasts fuse to give rise to a multinuclear cytotrophoblast. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 CL:0000524 A cell, usually of bacteria or yeast, which has partially lost its cell wall. sphaeroplast spheroplast A cell, usually of bacteria or yeast, which has partially lost its cell wall. MESH:D013104 CL:0000525 A cell from the outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast of an early mammalian embryo, directly associated with the maternal blood supply. It secretes hCG in order to maintain progesterone secretion and sustain a pregnancy. FMA:83043 syncytial trophoblast cell syncytiotrophoblastic cell plasmidotrophoblast cell syntrophoblast cell syncytiotrophoblast cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/2100 A cell from the outer syncytial layer of the trophoblast of an early mammalian embryo, directly associated with the maternal blood supply. It secretes hCG in order to maintain progesterone secretion and sustain a pregnancy. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 syncytial trophoblast cell PMID:11787150 syncytiotrophoblastic cell PMID:21733368 CL:0000526 A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. FMA:87653 input neuron afferent neuron A neuron which conveys sensory information centrally from the periphery. GOC:tfm MESH:D009475 CL:0000527 A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells. output neuron efferent neuron A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells. MESH:D009476 CL:0000528 A nerve cell where transmission is mediated by nitric oxide. FMA:84792 nitrergic neuron A nerve cell where transmission is mediated by nitric oxide. MESH:D026602 CL:0000529 pigmented epithelial cell CL:0000530 A neuron that develops during the early segmentation stages in teleosts, before the neural tube is formed. primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) A neuron that develops during the early segmentation stages in teleosts, before the neural tube is formed. PMID:1842357 doi:10.1242/dev.108.1.121 CL:0000531 A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a sensory function. primary sensory neuron (sensu Teleostei) A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a sensory function. PMID:1842357 CL:0000532 CAP motoneuron CL:0000533 A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a motor function. primary motor neuron (sensu Teleostei) A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a motor function. PMID:1842357 CL:0000534 A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that is neither a sensory neuron or a motor neuron. primary interneuron (sensu Teleostei) A primary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that is neither a sensory neuron or a motor neuron. PMID:1842357 CL:0000535 A neuron of teleosts that develops later than a primary neuron, typically during the larval stages. secondary neuron (sensu Teleostei) A neuron of teleosts that develops later than a primary neuron, typically during the larval stages. PMID:1842357 doi:10.1242/dev.108.1.121 CL:0000536 A secondary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a motor function. secondary motor neuron (sensu Teleostei) A secondary neuron (sensu Teleostei) that has a motor function. PMID:1842357 CL:0000537 Obsolete. Use PO:0020093 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from plant ontology. A cell located at the chalazal end of the mature embryo sac in angiosperms. obsolete antipodal cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0020093 from Plant Ontology instead. OBSOLETE, use term from plant ontology. A cell located at the chalazal end of the mature embryo sac in angiosperms. ISBN:047125208 CL:0000538 Obsolete. Use PO:0000349 from Plant Ontology instead. A relatively unspecialized cell that will give rise to specialized cell types of the epidermis. obsolete epidermal initial true Obsolete. Use PO:0000349 from Plant Ontology instead. A relatively unspecialized cell that will give rise to specialized cell types of the epidermis. TAIR:lr CL:0000539 OBSOLETE: A cell in a tissue that markedly differs in form, size, or contents from other cells in the same tissue. obsolete idioblast true OBSOLETE: A cell in a tissue that markedly differs in form, size, or contents from other cells in the same tissue. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000540 The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. BTO:0000938 CALOHA:TS-0683 FBbt:00005106 FMA:54527 VHOG:0001483 WBbt:0003679 nerve cell These cells are also reportedly CD4-negative and CD200-positive. They are also capable of producing CD40L and IFN-gamma. cell in vitro neuron https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Neuron_cells.svg The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. MESH:D009474 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron CL:0000541 A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell. BTO:0003217 FMA:83377 Derived from UBERON:0002342 neural crest. melanoblast A cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a pigment cell. GOC:tfm SANBI:mhl CL:0000542 A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. BTO:0000775 CALOHA:TS-0583 FMA:62863 MESH:D008214 VHOG:0001535 Editors note: consider adding taxon constraint to vertebrata (PMID:18025161) Lymphocyte lymphocyte A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. GOC:add ISBN:0683073696 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000543 Obsolete. Use PO:0000289 from Plant Ontology instead. One of the series of cellular components of a sieve tube. It shows a more or less pronounced differentiation between sieve plates (wide pores) and lateral sieve areas (narrow pores). Also sieve tube element and the obsolete sieve tube segment. sieve tube element obsolete sieve tube member true Obsolete. Use PO:0000289 from Plant Ontology instead. One of the series of cellular components of a sieve tube. It shows a more or less pronounced differentiation between sieve plates (wide pores) and lateral sieve areas (narrow pores). Also sieve tube element and the obsolete sieve tube segment. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000544 slowly adapting mechanoreceptor cell CL:0000545 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive, CXCR3-positive, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interferon-gamma. BTO:0001678 FMA:84382 T helper cells type 1 T(H)-1 cell Th1 CD4+ T cell Th1 T cell Th1 T lymphocyte Th1 T-cell Th1 T-lymphocyte Th1 cell helper T cell type 1 This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'Th1 CD4+ T cell', but its logical definition includes additional known characteristics of T-helper 1 T cells. T-helper 1 cell true A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive, CXCR3-positive, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interferon-gamma. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19375293 PMID:20303875 PMID:22343568 T helper cells type 1 PMID:9419219 Th1 CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000546 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interleukin-4. BTO:0001679 FMA:84385 MESH:D018418 T helper cells type 2 T(H)-2 cell Th2 T cell Th2 T lymphocyte Th2 T-cell Th2 T-lymphocyte Th2 cell helper T cell type 2 This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'non-Th1/Th17 CD4+ T cell' (see CL:0001051), but includes the additional necessary and sufficient conditions to allow classification as a T-helper 2 T cell. T-helper 2 cell true A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype GATA-3-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interleukin-4. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19375293 PMID:20103781 PMID:22343568 T helper cells type 2 PMID:9419219 CL:0000547 An immature, nucleated erythrocyte occupying the stage of erythropoeisis that follows formation of erythroid progenitor cells. This cell is CD71-positive, has both a nucleus and a nucleolus, and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. FMA:83518 rubriblast pronormoblast proerythroblast true An immature, nucleated erythrocyte occupying the stage of erythropoeisis that follows formation of erythroid progenitor cells. This cell is CD71-positive, has both a nucleus and a nucleolus, and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. ISBN:0721601464 PMID:1638021 rubriblast ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000548 OBSOLETE. A native cell that is part of some Metazoa. metazoan cell obsolete animal cell true https://www.swissbiopics.org/api/image/Animal_cells.svg CL:0000549 A nucleated immature erythrocyte, having cytoplasm generally similar to that of the earlier proerythroblast but sometimes even more basophilic, and usually regular in outline. The nucleus is still relatively large, but the chromatin strands are thicker and more deeply staining, giving a coarser appearance; the nucleoli have disappeared. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. FMA:83505 basophilic normoblast early erythroblast early normoblast prorubricyte basophilic erythroblast true A nucleated immature erythrocyte, having cytoplasm generally similar to that of the earlier proerythroblast but sometimes even more basophilic, and usually regular in outline. The nucleus is still relatively large, but the chromatin strands are thicker and more deeply staining, giving a coarser appearance; the nucleoli have disappeared. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 basophilic normoblast ISBN:0721601464 early erythroblast ISBN:0721601464 early normoblast ISBN:0721601464 prorubricyte ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000550 A nucleated, immature erythrocyte in which the nucleus occupies a relatively smaller part of the cell than in its precursor, the basophilic erythroblast. The cytoplasm is beginning to acquire hemoglobin and thus is no longer a purely basophilic, but takes on acidophilic aspects, which becomes progressively more marked as the cell matures. The chromatin of the nucleus is arranged in coarse, deeply staining clumps. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. FMA:83506 intermediate erythroblast intermediate normoblast polychromatic erythroblast polychromatic normoblast polychromatophilic normoblast rubricyte polychromatophilic erythroblast true A nucleated, immature erythrocyte in which the nucleus occupies a relatively smaller part of the cell than in its precursor, the basophilic erythroblast. The cytoplasm is beginning to acquire hemoglobin and thus is no longer a purely basophilic, but takes on acidophilic aspects, which becomes progressively more marked as the cell matures. The chromatin of the nucleus is arranged in coarse, deeply staining clumps. This cell is CD71-positive and lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. ISBN:0721601464 intermediate erythroblast ISBN:0721601464 intermediate normoblast ISBN:0721601464 polychromatic erythroblast ISBN:0721601464 polychromatic normoblast ISBN:0721601464 polychromatophilic normoblast ISBN:0721601464 rubricyte ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000551 unimodal nocireceptor CL:0000552 The final stage of the nucleated, immature erythrocyte, before nuclear loss. Typically the cytoplasm is described as acidophilic, but it still shows a faint polychromatic tint. The nucleus is small and initially may still have coarse, clumped chromatin, as in its precursor, the polychromatophilic erythroblast, but ultimately it becomes pyknotic, and appears as a deeply staining, blue-black, homogeneous structureless mass. The nucleus is often eccentric and sometimes lobulated. FMA:84646 acidophilic erythroblast eosinophilic erythroblast late erythoblast orthochromatic normoblast pyknotic eto enrythroblast orthochromatic erythroblast true The final stage of the nucleated, immature erythrocyte, before nuclear loss. Typically the cytoplasm is described as acidophilic, but it still shows a faint polychromatic tint. The nucleus is small and initially may still have coarse, clumped chromatin, as in its precursor, the polychromatophilic erythroblast, but ultimately it becomes pyknotic, and appears as a deeply staining, blue-black, homogeneous structureless mass. The nucleus is often eccentric and sometimes lobulated. ISBN:0721601464 acidophilic erythroblast ISBN:0721601464 eosinophilic erythroblast ISBN:0721601464 orthochromatic normoblast ISBN:0721601464 pyknotic eto enrythroblast ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000553 The earliest cytologically identifiable precursor in the thrombocytic series. This cell is capable of endomitosis and lacks expression of hematopoieitic lineage markers (lin-negative). BTO:0001164 CALOHA:TS-0610 FMA:84235 MESH:D055016 CFU-Meg Meg-CFC MkP colony-forming unit-megakaryocyte megacaryoblast megacaryocyte progenitor cell megakaryoblast megakaryocytic progenitor cell promegacaryocyte promegakaryocyte Lineage negative is described here as CD2-negative, CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD5-negative, CD8a-negative, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD20-negative, CD56-negative, Ly6g-negative, and Ter119-negative. megakaryocyte progenitor cell true The earliest cytologically identifiable precursor in the thrombocytic series. This cell is capable of endomitosis and lacks expression of hematopoieitic lineage markers (lin-negative). GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 CFU-Meg PMID:11722431 PMID:12482498 Meg-CFC PMCID:PMC1794060 MkP PMID:21116988 megakaryocytic progenitor cell PMID:12482498 CL:0000554 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin stimulating hormone. gastrin stimulating hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes gastrin stimulating hormone. GOC:tfm CL:0000555 neuronal brush cell CL:0000556 A large hematopoietic cell (50 to 100 micron) with a lobated nucleus. Once mature, this cell undergoes multiple rounds of endomitosis and cytoplasmic restructuring to allow platelet formation and release. BTO:0000843 CALOHA:TS-0611 FMA:83555 megacaryocyte megalocaryocyte megalokaryocyte Megakaryocytes are reportedly CD181-positive and CD182-positive. megakaryocyte true A large hematopoietic cell (50 to 100 micron) with a lobated nucleus. Once mature, this cell undergoes multiple rounds of endomitosis and cytoplasmic restructuring to allow platelet formation and release. ISBN:0721601464 MESH:D008533 PMID:31043076 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megakaryocyte CL:0000557 A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages. These cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1. CFU-C , Colony forming unit in culture colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage granulocyte-macrophage progenitor granulocyte/monocyte precursor granulocyte/monocyte progenitor CFU-GM GMP Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000042)(PMID:19243617). GMPs are reportedly CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD110-negative, CD117-positive, CD123-positive, and SCA1-negative. granulocyte monocyte progenitor cell A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is committed to the granulocyte and monocyte lineages. These cells are CD123-positive, and do not express Gata1 or Gata2 but do express C/EBPa, and Pu.1. GOC:amm GOC:dsd GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0721601464 MESH:D055014 PMCID:PMC2213186 PMCID:PMC548021 PMID:16551251 PMID:16647566 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CFU-GM http://www.copewithcytokines.de CFU-C , Colony forming unit in culture http://www.copewithcytokines.de colony forming unit granulocyte macrophage ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2213186 PMCID:PMC548021 granulocyte-macrophage progenitor ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2213186 PMCID:PMC548021 CFU-GM ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2213186 PMCID:PMC548021 GMP ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2213186 PMCID:PMC548021 CL:0000558 An immature erythrocyte that changes the protein composition of its plasma membrane by exosome formation and extrusion. The types of protein removed differ between species though removal of the transferrin receptor is apparent in mammals and birds. BTO:0001173 CALOHA:TS-0864 MESH:D012156 reticulocyte true An immature erythrocyte that changes the protein composition of its plasma membrane by exosome formation and extrusion. The types of protein removed differ between species though removal of the transferrin receptor is apparent in mammals and birds. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:15946868 PMID:2037622 CL:0000559 A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte. This cell is CD11b-positive and has fine azurophil granules. BTO:0004657 FMA:83551 Morphology: Mononuclear cell, diameter 14-18 _M, fine azurophilic granules; markers: CD11b (shared with many other myeloid cells); location: Adult: bone marrow; Fetal: Liver, Yolk Sac; role or process: hematopoiesis, monocyte development; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. promonocyte true A precursor in the monocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between the monoblast and monocyte. This cell is CD11b-positive and has fine azurophil granules. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000560 A late neutrophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is indented to more than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin but in no area being condensed to a single filament. The nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature neutrophil. These cells are fMLP receptor-positive, CD11b-positive, CD35-negative, and CD49d-negative. band band cell band form stab cell rod neutrophil Found in the Band 1 fraction. band form neutrophil true A late neutrophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is indented to more than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin but in no area being condensed to a single filament. The nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature neutrophil. These cells are fMLP receptor-positive, CD11b-positive, CD35-negative, and CD49d-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:10618520 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 http://www.cap.org CL:0000561 Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. They lack large axons. BTO:0004044 FMA:67766 amacrine neuron AC ACs amacrine cell Interneuron of the vertebrate retina. They integrate, modulate, and interpose a temporal domain in the visual message presented to the retinal ganglion cells, with which they synapse in the inner plexiform layer. They lack large axons. GOC:tfm MESH:D025042 WikipediaVersioned:Amacrine_cell&oldid=1023572246 AC doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 ACs doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 CL:0000562 An erythrocyte having a nucleus. RBC red blood cell nucleate erythrocyte true An erythrocyte having a nucleus. GOC:add GOc:tfm CL:0000563 A rounded, inactive form that certain bacteria assume under conditions of extreme temperature, dryness, or lack of food. The bacterium develops a waterproof cell wall that protects it from being dried out or damaged. BTO:0002779 bacterial spore endospore A rounded, inactive form that certain bacteria assume under conditions of extreme temperature, dryness, or lack of food. The bacterium develops a waterproof cell wall that protects it from being dried out or damaged. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000564 A promyelocyte committed to the neutrophil lineage. This cell type is GATA-1-positive, C/EBPa-positive, AML-1-positive, MPO-positive, has low expression of PU.1 transcription factor and lacks lactotransferrin expression. FMA:84196 neutrophilic premyelocyte neutrophilic progranulocyte These cells are CD11b-negative, CD15-positive, CD16-negative, CD49d-positive, CD68-positive, CD35-negative, and fMLP receptor-negative. They are found in the Band 3 fraction. neutrophilic promyelocyte true A promyelocyte committed to the neutrophil lineage. This cell type is GATA-1-positive, C/EBPa-positive, AML-1-positive, MPO-positive, has low expression of PU.1 transcription factor and lacks lactotransferrin expression. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 CL:0000565 A cell found in fat bodies whose primary function is intermediary metabolism. fat body cell A cell found in fat bodies whose primary function is intermediary metabolism. FB:ma CL:0000566 A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium. angioblast chondroplast These cells are reportedly CD31-positive, CD34-positive, CD144-positive, CD309-positive, and TAL1-positive. angioblastic mesenchymal cell true A mesenchymal stem cell capable of developing into blood vessel endothelium. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:12768659 CL:0000567 polymodal nocireceptor CL:0000568 A cell that originates in the neural crest, that has certain cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics and is found scattered throughout the body; types include melanocytes, the cells of the chromaffin system, and cells in the hypothalamus, hypophysis, thyroid, parathyroids, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This cell type concentrates the amino acid precursors of certain amines and decarboxylate them, forming amines that function as regulators and neurotransmitters. This cell type produces substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, enkephalin, somatostatin, neurotensin, and substance P, the actions of which may affect contiguous cells, nearby groups of cells, or distant cells, thus functioning as local or systemic hormones. The name is an acronym for amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell. BTO:0003866 FMA:83114 MESH:D001078 APUD cell amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell A cell that originates in the neural crest, that has certain cytochemical and ultrastructural characteristics and is found scattered throughout the body; types include melanocytes, the cells of the chromaffin system, and cells in the hypothalamus, hypophysis, thyroid, parathyroids, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. This cell type concentrates the amino acid precursors of certain amines and decarboxylate them, forming amines that function as regulators and neurotransmitters. This cell type produces substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, enkephalin, somatostatin, neurotensin, and substance P, the actions of which may affect contiguous cells, nearby groups of cells, or distant cells, thus functioning as local or systemic hormones. The name is an acronym for amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000569 A mesenchymal cell found in the developing heart and that develops into some part of the heart. These cells derive from intra- and extra-cardiac sources, including the endocardium, epicardium, neural crest, and second heart field. cardiac mesenchymal cell A mesenchymal cell found in the developing heart and that develops into some part of the heart. These cells derive from intra- and extra-cardiac sources, including the endocardium, epicardium, neural crest, and second heart field. PMID:18816864 CL:0000570 A neuroepithelial cells that occurs singly or in small groups, close to the outer follicular borders but within the follicular basement membrane of the thyroid. Expresses a form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on their surface. Secretes calcitonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine. FMA:68653 SCTID:176770005 C cell C cell of thyroid gland clear cell of thyroid gland parafollicular cell of thyroid gland thyroid parafollicular cell parafollicular cell true true A neuroepithelial cells that occurs singly or in small groups, close to the outer follicular borders but within the follicular basement membrane of the thyroid. Expresses a form of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on their surface. Secretes calcitonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 C cell of thyroid gland FMA:68653 clear cell of thyroid gland FMA:68653 parafollicular cell of thyroid gland FMA:68653 thyroid parafollicular cell FMA:68653 CL:0000571 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains uric acid or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called leucosomes. The crystals reflect light and this gives a white appearance under white light. leucophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains uric acid or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called leucosomes. The crystals reflect light and this gives a white appearance under white light. SANBI:mhl CL:0000572 true CL:0000573 One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision. BTO:0001036 CALOHA:TS-0866 FMA:67748 cone retinal cone cell One of the two photoreceptor cell types in the vertebrate retina. In cones the photopigment is in invaginations of the cell membrane of the outer segment. Cones are less sensitive to light than rods, but they provide vision with higher spatial and temporal acuity, and the combination of signals from cones with different pigments allows color vision. MESH:D017949 cone doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 CL:0000574 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives an orange to red appearance. erythrophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives an orange to red appearance. SANBI:mhl CL:0000575 An epithelial cell of the cornea. BTO:0004298 CALOHA:TS-0173 FMA:70551 epithelial cell of cornea corneal epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the cornea. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of cornea FMA:70551 CL:0000576 Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. BTO:0000876 CALOHA:TS-0638 FMA:62864 Morphology: Mononuclear cell, diameter, 14 to 20 _M, N/C ratio 2:1-1:1. Nucleus may appear in variety of shapes: round, kidney, lobulated, or convoluted. Fine azurophilic granules present; markers: CD11b (shared with other myeloid cells), human: CD14, mouse: F4/80-mid,GR1-low; location: Blood, but can be recruited into tissues; role or process: immune & tissue remodelling; lineage: hematopoietic, myeloid. Monocyte monocyte Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. true Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. GO_REF:0000031 MESH:D009000 CL:0000577 A subtype of enteroendocrine cells found in the gastrointestinal mucosa, particularly in the glands of pyloric antrum; duodenum; and ileum. These cell type secretes serotonin and some neurotransmitters including enkephalins and substance P. Their secretory granules stain readily with silver (argentaffin stain). FMA:62934 FMA:83132 MESH:D004759 Kulchitsky cell argentaffin cell enterochromaffin cell type EC enteroendocrine cell A subtype of enteroendocrine cells found in the gastrointestinal mucosa, particularly in the glands of pyloric antrum; duodenum; and ileum. These cell type secretes serotonin and some neurotransmitters including enkephalins and substance P. Their secretory granules stain readily with silver (argentaffin stain). PMID:9505449 CL:0000578 experimentally modified cell in vitro A cell in vitro that has undergone physical changes as a consequence of a deliberate and specific experimental procedure. This class has been re-labeled to imply reference only to in vitro experimentally modified cells, similarly, the definition has been slightly updated to reflect this. 'experimentally modified cell' refers only to cells in vitro, and not modified in vivo/in environment cells. There is currently no class representing unmodified in vitro cells (other than the parent 'cell in vitro'), or a class representing modified native cells. More granular subclassing of experimentally modified cell can be found in ReO. MHB 1.12.12 compound eye retinal cell experimentally modified cell in vitro A cell in vitro that has undergone physical changes as a consequence of a deliberate and specific experimental procedure. FB:ma ReO:mhb CL:0000579 A follicle cell that migrates from the anterior pole of the insect egg chamber to the anterior of the oocyte where they participate in the formation of the micropyle. FBbt:00004905 border follicle cell A follicle cell that migrates from the anterior pole of the insect egg chamber to the anterior of the oocyte where they participate in the formation of the micropyle. FBbt:00004905 CL:0000580 A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and neutrophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. This cell type is CD13-positive, CD16-negative, integrin alpha-M-positive, CD15-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, C/EBP-a-positive, C/EBPe-positive, PU.1-positive, lactotransferrin-positive, myeloperoxidase-positive and NGAL-positive. BTO:0003455 FMA:83540 These cells are also CD15-positive, CD35-negative, CD49d-positive, and fMLP receptor-negative. They are found in the Band 2 fraction. neutrophilic myelocyte true A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and neutrophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. This cell type is CD13-positive, CD16-negative, integrin alpha-M-positive, CD15-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, C/EBP-a-positive, C/EBPe-positive, PU.1-positive, lactotransferrin-positive, myeloperoxidase-positive and NGAL-positive. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:10618520 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 http://www.cap.org CL:0000581 A macrophage resident in the peritoneum under non-inflammatory conditions. Markers include F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68-positive, SIGNR1-positive, CD115-high, MHC-II-negative, and Dectin-1-positive. BTO:0001034 FMA:83025 Markers: Mouse: F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68+, SIGNR1+, Dectin-1+. peritoneal macrophage true A macrophage resident in the peritoneum under non-inflammatory conditions. Markers include F4/80-high, CD11b-high, CD68-positive, SIGNR1-positive, CD115-high, MHC-II-negative, and Dectin-1-positive. MESH:D017737 PMID:15771589 PMID:19201820 CL:0000582 A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myelocyte and the band form neutrophil. The protein synthesis seen in earlier stages decreases or stops; the nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare; and the cytoplasm becomes amphophilic like that of a mature granulocyte. This cell type is integrin alpha-M-positive, CD13-negative, CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, fMLP receptor-negative and has expression of C/EBP-a, C/EBP-e, PU.1 transcription factor, lactotransferrin, myeloperoxidase and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin. FMA:84197 juvenile neutrophil These cells are also CD35-negative, CD49d-positive, and fMLP receptor-negative. They are found in the Band 2 fraction. neutrophilic metamyelocyte true A neutrophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myelocyte and the band form neutrophil. The protein synthesis seen in earlier stages decreases or stops; the nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare; and the cytoplasm becomes amphophilic like that of a mature granulocyte. This cell type is integrin alpha-M-positive, CD13-negative, CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, fMLP receptor-negative and has expression of C/EBP-a, C/EBP-e, PU.1 transcription factor, lactotransferrin, myeloperoxidase and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:10618520 PMID:12560239 PMID:15514007 http://www.cap.org CL:0000583 A tissue-resident macrophage found in the alveoli of the lungs. Ingests small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells. Markers include F4/80-positive, CD11b-/low, CD11c-positive, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, dectin-1-positive, MR-positive, CX3CR1-negative. BTO:0000802 CALOHA:TS-0030 FMA:83023 dust cell MF.Lu Markers: Mouse: F4/80mid, CD11b-/low, CD11c+, CD68+, sialoadhesin+, dectin-1+, MR+, CX3CR1-. alveolar macrophage true A tissue-resident macrophage found in the alveoli of the lungs. Ingests small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells. Markers include F4/80-positive, CD11b-/low, CD11c-positive, CD68-positive, sialoadhesin-positive, dectin-1-positive, MR-positive, CX3CR1-negative. GOC:ana GOC:dsd GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 MESH:D016676 CL:0000584 An epithelial cell that has its apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen. BTO:0000398 FMA:62122 MESH:D020895 differentiated enterocyte mature enterocyte enterocyte An epithelial cell that has its apical plasma membrane folded into microvilli to provide ample surface for the absorption of nutrients from the intestinal lumen. SANBI:mhl differentiated enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 mature enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 CL:0000585 OBSOLETE: A class of lymphocytes characterized by the lack of surface markers specific for either T or B cells. This term is rather archaic; consider using 'natural killer cell ; CL:0000623', 'pro-B cell ; CL:0000826', 'pro-T cell ; CL:0000827', or other appropriate lymphocyte-related term depending on the context. obsolete null cell true CL:0000586 The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. BTO:0000535 NCIT:C12597 VHOG:0001534 WBbt:0006796 germ cell true The reproductive cell in multicellular organisms. MESH:D005854 CL:0000587 A thermoreceptor cell that detects reduced temperatures. cold sensing thermoreceptor cell A thermoreceptor cell that detects reduced temperatures. GOC:tfm CL:0000588 A specialized osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. BTO:0002516 FMA:83027 odontoclast true A specialized osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. GOC:add CL:0000589 A bulbous cell that is medially placed in one row in the organ of Corti. In contrast to the outer hair cells, the inner hair cells are fewer in number, have fewer sensory hairs, and are less differentiated. inner hair cell BTO:0003667 FMA:62365 cochlear inner hair cell A bulbous cell that is medially placed in one row in the organ of Corti. In contrast to the outer hair cells, the inner hair cells are fewer in number, have fewer sensory hairs, and are less differentiated. MESH:D006199 CL:0000590 A progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum that develops from theca cells. BTO:0002850 FMA:18690 small lutein cell theca lutein cell small luteal cell A progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum that develops from theca cells. GOC:tfm MESH:D008184 CL:0000591 A thermoreceptor cell that detects increased temperatures. warmth sensing thermoreceptor cell A thermoreceptor cell that detects increased temperatures. GOC:tfm https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0000592 A large, progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum that develops from the granulosa cells. FMA:18689 granulosa lutein cell granulosoluteocytus large luteal cell A large, progesterone secreting cell in the corpus luteum that develops from the granulosa cells. GOC:tfm MESH:D008184 CL:0000593 A steroid hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen. androgen secreting cell A steroid hormone secreting cell that secretes androgen. GOC:tfm CL:0000594 An elongated, spindle-shaped, cell that is located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of a muscle fiber. These cells are mostly quiescent, but upon activation they divide to produce cells that generate new muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle satellite cells are not traditionally referred to as myoblasts. They are a heterogeneous population whose division, following activiation, contributes to the formation of skeletal muscle fibers and to maintenance of the skeletal muscle statelite cell population. skeletal muscle satellite cell An elongated, spindle-shaped, cell that is located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of a muscle fiber. These cells are mostly quiescent, but upon activation they divide to produce cells that generate new muscle fibers. GOC:tfm MESH:D032496 PMID:21849021 PMID:23303905 CL:0000595 An erythrocyte lacking a nucleus. red blood cell RBC enucleate erythrocyte true An erythrocyte lacking a nucleus. GOC:add GOC:tfm RBC CL:0000596 A spore formed following meiosis. Sometimes following meiosis, prospores may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature. FAO:0000017 meiotically-derived spore sexual spore A spore formed following meiosis. Sometimes following meiosis, prospores may undergo one or more rounds of mitosis before they are fully mature. FAO:0000017 GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0000597 The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is uninucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall. FAO:0000028 microconidium The smaller of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi. An ovoid to pear-shaped asexual spore that contains very little cytoplasm and organelles, is uninucleate, and forms in vegetative hypae within a mycelium. Micronidia are extruded from the hyphal cell wall. GOC:tfm ISBN:0471940526 PMID:8357339 SGD:clt CL:0000598 Pyramidal neurons have a pyramid-shaped soma with a single axon, a large apical dendrite and multiple basal dendrites. The apex and an apical dendrite typically point toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their region. Pyramidal neurons are found in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. BTO:0003102 FMA:67310 FMA:86775 NIFSTD:sao862606388 projection neuron pyramidal cell pyramidal neuron Pyramidal neurons have a pyramid-shaped soma with a single axon, a large apical dendrite and multiple basal dendrites. The apex and an apical dendrite typically point toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their region. Pyramidal neurons are found in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. GOC:tfm MESH:D017966 CL:0000599 An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi; conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm. BTO:0000283 FAO:0000024 conidium An asexual, nonmotile spore formed by higher fungi; conidia are usually made from the side or tip of specialized sporogenous cells and do not form by progressive cleavage of the cytoplasm. ISBN:08199377X PMID:2524423 PMID:9529886 SGD:clt CL:0000600 A fungal cell with two or more genetically distinct nuclei. heterokaryon A fungal cell with two or more genetically distinct nuclei. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000601 A mechanoreceptor in the organ of Corti. In mammals the outer hair cells are arranged in three rows which are further from the modiolus than the single row of inner hair cells. The motile properties of the outer hair cells may contribute actively to tuning the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the cochlea. BTO:0003666 FMA:62366 cochlear outer hair cell A mechanoreceptor in the organ of Corti. In mammals the outer hair cells are arranged in three rows which are further from the modiolus than the single row of inner hair cells. The motile properties of the outer hair cells may contribute actively to tuning the sensitivity and frequency selectivity of the cochlea. MESH:D018072 CL:0000602 A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. pressoreceptor cell A receptor in the vascular system, particularly the aorta and carotid sinus, which is sensitive to stretch of the vessel walls. MESH:D011311 CL:0000603 A fungal cell with two genetically distinct haploid nuclei. dikaryon A fungal cell with two genetically distinct haploid nuclei. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000604 One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision. BTO:0001024 CALOHA:TS-0870 FMA:67747 rod retinal rod cell One of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina. In rods the photopigment is in stacks of membranous disks separate from the outer cell membrane. Rods are more sensitive to light than cones, but rod mediated vision has less spatial and temporal resolution than cone vision. MESH:D017948 rod doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 CL:0000605 A spore formed following mitosis or mitoses. FAO:0000023 fungal asexual spore A spore formed following mitosis or mitoses. GOC:tfm PMID:2524423 PMID:9529886 SGD:clt CL:0000606 The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong. FAO:0000038 macroconidium The larger of two types of asexual spores formed by some fungi; usually round or oblong. GOC:tfm ISBN:0471940526 SGD:clt CL:0000607 A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete. BTO:0000097 FAO:0000020 ascospore A thick walled spore that stores and protects one or more nuclei following sexual reproduction in an Ascomycete. GOC:tfm ISBN:08199377X SGD:clt CL:0000608 A thick walled, sexual, resting spore formed by Zygomycetes; sometimes refers to the spore and the multi-layered cell wall that encloses the spore, the zygosporangium. FAO:0000040 zygospore A thick walled, sexual, resting spore formed by Zygomycetes; sometimes refers to the spore and the multi-layered cell wall that encloses the spore, the zygosporangium. ISBN:0471940526 ISBN:08199377X SGD:clt CL:0000609 A mechanoreceptor located in the acoustic maculae and the semicircular canals that mediates the sense of balance, movement, and head position. The vestibular hair cells are connected to accessory structures in such a way that movements of the head displace their stereocilia. This influences the membrane potential of the cells which relay information about movements via the vestibular part of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem. FMA:62351 vestibular receptor cell vestibular hair cell A mechanoreceptor located in the acoustic maculae and the semicircular canals that mediates the sense of balance, movement, and head position. The vestibular hair cells are connected to accessory structures in such a way that movements of the head displace their stereocilia. This influences the membrane potential of the cells which relay information about movements via the vestibular part of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem. GOC:tfm MESH:D018069 CL:0000610 PO:0009002 This term was obsoleted as it is redundant with PO:0009002 in the cell ontology (PO) obsolete plant cell true CL:0000611 CFU-Eo EoP colony forming unit eosinophil eosinophil stem cell These cells are CD34-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD71-negative, and lineage-negative (CD2, CD3 epsilon, CD4, CD5, CD8a, CD14, CD19, CD20, integrin alpha-M, NCAM-1, SCA-1, Ly6G, Ly76). eosinophil progenitor cell true CFU-Eo EoP PMCID:PMC2212039 PMCID:PMC2626675 CL:0000612 A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte;in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and eosinophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. These cells are integrin alpha-M-positive, CD13-positive, CD15-positive, CD16-negative, CD24-positive, and CD33-positive. BTO:0003454 FMA:83542 eosinophilic myelocyte true A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte;in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and eosinophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. These cells are integrin alpha-M-positive, CD13-positive, CD15-positive, CD16-negative, CD24-positive, and CD33-positive. GOC:add GOC:dsd ISBN:0721601464 PMID:19622087 http://www.cap.org CL:0000613 A progenitor cell committed to the basophil lineage. This cell lacks hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative) and is CD34-positive, T1/ST2-low, CD117-negative, and FceRIa-high. This cell also expresses Gata-1, Gata-2 and C/EBPa. BaP CFU-Bas basophilic stem cell colony forming unit basophil BaP are also CD13-low and integrin beta-7-low. They are lin-negative (CD2, CD3e, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD11b, CD14, CD19, CD20, ly6g, ly76, and NCAM-1). They also lack expression of mast cell protease 1 (MCP-1) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (mitf). basophil progenitor cell true A progenitor cell committed to the basophil lineage. This cell lacks hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative) and is CD34-positive, T1/ST2-low, CD117-negative, and FceRIa-high. This cell also expresses Gata-1, Gata-2 and C/EBPa. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMCID:PMC1312421 http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:0000614 A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and basophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. Markers are being integrin alpha-M-positive, fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, aminopeptidase N-positive. BTO:0003456 FMA:83543 basophilic myelocyte true A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a promyelocyte and a metamyelocyte; in this stage, production of primary granules is complete and basophil-specific granules has started. No nucleolus is present. Markers are being integrin alpha-M-positive, fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive, aminopeptidase N-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:18466030 http://www.cap.org CL:0000615 A thick walled spore containing one or more haploid nuclei produced by sexual reproduction in an Basidiomycete; formed externally on extrusions of the basidium. BTO:0002166 FAO:0000021 basidiospore A thick walled spore containing one or more haploid nuclei produced by sexual reproduction in an Basidiomycete; formed externally on extrusions of the basidium. GOC:clt ISBN:0471940526 ISBN:08199377X CL:0000616 OBSOLETE: A walled spore produced in a sporangium. obsolete sporangiospore true OBSOLETE: A walled spore produced in a sporangium. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000617 A neuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter FBbt:00007228 FMA:84788 MESH:D059330 WBbt:0005190 GABA-ergic neuron GABAergic neuron A neuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter GOC:tfm CL:0000618 sheath cell CL:0000619 support cell (sensu Nematoda) supporting cell (sensu Nematoda) CL:0000620 OBSOLETE: A sporangiospore that is motile, having flagella. FAO:0000039 obsolete zoospore true OBSOLETE: A sporangiospore that is motile, having flagella. ISBN:08199377X CL:0000621 A myoblast that is committed to a myotube-specific program of differentiation but not yet fused. It undergoes very limited additional proliferation. After fusion, it will take on a muscle identity specified by a `muscle founder cell` (CL:0008006). fusion competent myoblast A myoblast that is committed to a myotube-specific program of differentiation but not yet fused. It undergoes very limited additional proliferation. After fusion, it will take on a muscle identity specified by a `muscle founder cell` (CL:0008006). PMID:22274696 CL:0000622 A secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape shaped clusters known as acini (singular acinus). FMA:83625 MESH:D061354 acinic cell acinous cell acinar cell A secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape shaped clusters known as acini (singular acinus). GOC:tfm http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:0000623 A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. large granular lymphocyte null cell BTO:0000914 BTO:0004716 CALOHA:TS-0664 FMA:63147 FMA:83601 MESH:D007694 VHOG:0001697 NK cell natural killer cell A lymphocyte that can spontaneously kill a variety of target cells without prior antigenic activation via germline encoded activation receptors and also regulate immune responses via cytokine release and direct contact with other cells. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 PMID:15771571 CL:0000624 A mature alpha-beta T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD4 coreceptor. CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell true A mature alpha-beta T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD4 coreceptor. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000625 A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD8 coreceptor. CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell true A T cell expressing an alpha-beta T cell receptor and the CD8 coreceptor. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000626 A granule cell that has a soma located in an olfactory bulb granule cell layer. An olfactory granule cell is an interneuron that lacks an axon, makes reciprocal dendro-dendritic synapses with mitral cells and tufted cells and is involved in the fine spatio-temporal tuning of the responses of these principal olfactory bulb neurons to odors. olfactory bulb granule cell Granule cells are the most abundant neuronal population in the olfactory bulb and are continuously renewed throughout life. olfactory granule cell A granule cell that has a soma located in an olfactory bulb granule cell layer. An olfactory granule cell is an interneuron that lacks an axon, makes reciprocal dendro-dendritic synapses with mitral cells and tufted cells and is involved in the fine spatio-temporal tuning of the responses of these principal olfactory bulb neurons to odors. GOC:mah doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27692-8 olfactory bulb granule cell doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27692-8 Granule cells are the most abundant neuronal population in the olfactory bulb and are continuously renewed throughout life. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-27692-8 CL:0000627 A cell involved in transporting nutrients, minerals, water, gases and other chemicals between cells for a variety of purposes including conveying nutrition to other tissues, removing waste products from the tissues, conveying gases for respiration, distributing heat and repelling invasion of foreign substances. transporting cell A cell involved in transporting nutrients, minerals, water, gases and other chemicals between cells for a variety of purposes including conveying nutrition to other tissues, removing waste products from the tissues, conveying gases for respiration, distributing heat and repelling invasion of foreign substances. TAIR:sr CL:0000628 A cell that can perform photosynthesis, in which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water, using light as the energy source. see PMID:21177950, The making of a photosynthetic animal. photosynthetic cell A cell that can perform photosynthesis, in which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water, using light as the energy source. TAIR:sr CL:0000629 A cell that is specialized to store a particular substance(s), which is(are) later released from the store for a particular purpose. storage cell A cell that is specialized to store a particular substance(s), which is(are) later released from the store for a particular purpose. FB:ma CL:0000630 A cell whose primary function is to support other cell types. BTO:0002315 supportive cell supporting cell A cell whose primary function is to support other cell types. FB:ma GOC:tfm CL:0000631 Cells forming a framework supporting the organ of Corti. Specific cells are those of Claudius, Deiters and Hensen. labyrinth supporting cell Cells forming a framework supporting the organ of Corti. Specific cells are those of Claudius, Deiters and Hensen. MESH:D007760 CL:0000632 A cell that is found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver that is capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components that can contribute to liver fibrosis. This activated state has a myofibroblast-like phenotype, though it's not clear in the literature if this is terminally differentiated. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. BTO:0002741 CALOHA:TS-0452 FMA:67763 Ito cell hepatic perisinusoidal cell perisinusoidal cell fat-storing cell lipocyte vitamin A-storing cells Hepatic stellate cells are CD271-positive, desmin-positive, DDR-2-positive, GFAP-positive, synamin-positive, synaptophysin-positive, vimentin-positive, They are capable of producing angiotensin II, fibronectin, laminin, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-11, TGF-beta1, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, type I collagen, type III collagen, type IV collagen, and type VI collagen. hepatic stellate cell A cell that is found in the perisinusoidal space of the liver that is capable of multiple roles including storage of retinol, presentation of antigen to T cells (including CD1d-restricted NKT cells), and upon activation, production of extracellular matrix components that can contribute to liver fibrosis. This activated state has a myofibroblast-like phenotype, though it's not clear in the literature if this is terminally differentiated. This cell type comprises approximately 8-15% of total cells in the liver. GOC:dsd MESH:D055166 PMID:12808230 PMID:17239632 PMID:18222966 PMID:9302568 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_stellate_cell vitamin A-storing cells PMID:12808230 CL:0000633 A tall supporting cell that is arranged in rows adjacent to the last row of outer phalangeal cells. This cell type constitutes the outer border of the organ of Corti. FMA:79799 Hensen's cell cell of Hensen external limiting cell of organ of Corti Hensen cell A tall supporting cell that is arranged in rows adjacent to the last row of outer phalangeal cells. This cell type constitutes the outer border of the organ of Corti. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000634 A cuboidal cell which along with Boettcher's cells form the floor of the external spiral sulcus, external to the organ of Corti. FMA:79802 cell of Claudius external supporting cell of Claudius Claudius cell A cuboidal cell which along with Boettcher's cells form the floor of the external spiral sulcus, external to the organ of Corti. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000635 The outer phalangeal cells of the organ of Corti. This cell holds the base of the hair cell in a cup-shaped depression. FMA:75725 Deiters cell outer phalangeal cell Deiter's cell The outer phalangeal cells of the organ of Corti. This cell holds the base of the hair cell in a cup-shaped depression. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/156177/Deiters-cell CL:0000636 Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. BTO:0003064 Muller cell Muller glia Müller cell Mueller cell Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. GOC:NV PMID:21911394 Muller cell doi:10.21769/BioProtoc.4179 CL:0000637 A cell that stains readily in the anterior pituitary gland. FMA:83089 chromophil cell of anterior pituitary gland A cell that stains readily in the anterior pituitary gland. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0000638 An acidophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. FMA:83093 acidophil cell of pars anterior of adenohypophysis acidophil of pars anterior of adenohypophysis acidophil of pars distalis of adenohypophysis pituitary alpha cell acidophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis An acidophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. GOC:tfm CL:0000639 A basophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. FMA:83094 basophil cell of anterior lobe of hypophysis beta cell pituitary beta cell basophil cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis A basophilic chromophil cell that of the anterior pituitary gland. GOC:tfm CL:0000640 true CL:0000641 A cell that is resistant to stains. FMA:83626 chromophobic cell chromophobe cell A cell that is resistant to stains. GOC:tfm CL:0000642 An agranular supporting cell of the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) that is characterized by a star-like morphology and ability to form follicles. Folliculostellate cells communicate with each other and with endocrine cells via gap junctions. folliculo-stellate cell pituitary folliculostellate cell FS cell FSC Sox2-positive stem cell Folliculostellate cells are a heterogeneous group of cells rather than a single cell type, with different morphology and gene expression profiles. Due to this heterogeneity, it is unclear if different properties that have been attributed to folliculostellate cells (pluripotent, proliferative, phagocytic) are common in all folliculostellate cells or limited to particular subsets. folliculostellate cell An agranular supporting cell of the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) that is characterized by a star-like morphology and ability to form follicles. Folliculostellate cells communicate with each other and with endocrine cells via gap junctions. JB:jb PMID:10495875 PMID:15961560 doi:10.23937/2572-407X.1510006 folliculo-stellate cell doi:10.23937/2572-407X.1510006 pituitary folliculostellate cell PMID:34734454 FS cell PMID:34734454 FSC doi:10.23937/2572-407X.1510006 Sox2-positive stem cell PMID:34734454 Folliculostellate cells are a heterogeneous group of cells rather than a single cell type, with different morphology and gene expression profiles. Due to this heterogeneity, it is unclear if different properties that have been attributed to folliculostellate cells (pluripotent, proliferative, phagocytic) are common in all folliculostellate cells or limited to particular subsets. PMID:18287078 PMID:31620083 PMID:34734454 doi:10.23937/2572-407X.1510006 CL:0000643 true CL:0000644 Type of radial astrocyte in the cerebellar cortex that have their cell bodies in the Purkinje cell layer and processes that extend into the molecular layer, terminating with bulbous endfeet at the pial surface. Bergmann glia express high densities of glutamate transporters that limit diffusion of the neurotransmitter glutamate during its release from synaptic terminals. Besides their role in early development of the cerebellum, Bergmann glia are also required for the pruning or addition of synapses. FMA:54559 Bergmann astrocyte Bergmann glial cell of cerebellum Bergmann glial cell Type of radial astrocyte in the cerebellar cortex that have their cell bodies in the Purkinje cell layer and processes that extend into the molecular layer, terminating with bulbous endfeet at the pial surface. Bergmann glia express high densities of glutamate transporters that limit diffusion of the neurotransmitter glutamate during its release from synaptic terminals. Besides their role in early development of the cerebellum, Bergmann glia are also required for the pruning or addition of synapses. GOC:tfm http://www.neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Bergmann_Glial_Cell CL:0000645 A glial cell of astrocytic lineage with long processes running parallel to adjacent axons in the proximal infundibulum of the neurohypophysis. These processes form a three-dimensional network among the axons of the hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and are connected by gap junctions which provide for their metabolic coupling. This cell type constitutes most of the nonexcitable tissue in the neurohypophsis; function may include possibly acting as an intermediate in the modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release. This cell type is highly variable in size and shape and commonly contain lipid droplets and deposits of lipochrome pigment. BTO:0003793 FMA:83503 pituicyte A glial cell of astrocytic lineage with long processes running parallel to adjacent axons in the proximal infundibulum of the neurohypophysis. These processes form a three-dimensional network among the axons of the hypothalamic neurosecretory cells and are connected by gap junctions which provide for their metabolic coupling. This cell type constitutes most of the nonexcitable tissue in the neurohypophsis; function may include possibly acting as an intermediate in the modulation of oxytocin and vasopressin release. This cell type is highly variable in size and shape and commonly contain lipid droplets and deposits of lipochrome pigment. ISBN:0412046911 ISBN:0517223651 PMID:31915267 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituicyte CL:0000646 Undifferentiated; mitotic stem cell for other epithelial cell types; rounded or elliptical with little cytoplasm and few organelles; contain cytokeratin intermediate filament. BTO:0000939 FMA:62516 basal cell Undifferentiated; mitotic stem cell for other epithelial cell types; rounded or elliptical with little cytoplasm and few organelles; contain cytokeratin intermediate filament. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0000647 A phagocytic cell formed by the fusion of macrophages, occurs in chronic inflammatory responses to persistent microorganism such as M.tuberculosis, component of granulomas. Sometimes used to refer to megakaryocytes. BTO:0003107 FMA:83035 MESH:D015726 Langerhans giant cell foreign body giant cell macrophage polykaryon multinucleate giant cell syncytial giant cell Role or process: Chronic infection, granulomatous inflammation. Consider also megakaryocyte (CL:0000556) as sometimes multinucleated giant cell is used to refer to this. multinucleated giant cell true A phagocytic cell formed by the fusion of macrophages, occurs in chronic inflammatory responses to persistent microorganism such as M.tuberculosis, component of granulomas. Sometimes used to refer to megakaryocytes. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 Langerhans giant cell ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 foreign body giant cell ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 macrophage polykaryon ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 multinucleate giant cell ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 syncytial giant cell ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:0702024783 CL:0000648 A smooth muscle cell that synthesizes, stores, and secretes the enzyme renin. This cell type are located in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. While having a different origin than other kidney smooth muscle cells, this cell type expresses smooth muscle actin upon maturation. juxtaglomerular cell FMA:84138 JG cell renin secreting cell kidney granular cell A smooth muscle cell that synthesizes, stores, and secretes the enzyme renin. This cell type are located in the wall of the afferent arteriole at the entrance to the glomerulus. While having a different origin than other kidney smooth muscle cells, this cell type expresses smooth muscle actin upon maturation. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm PMID:11457727 CL:0000649 A cell with delicate radiating processes known as desmosomes that form intercellular bridges between other cells of this type. This cell type forms the stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer). A function of this cell is to generate keratin. FMA:69059 prickle cell of epidermis prickle cell A cell with delicate radiating processes known as desmosomes that form intercellular bridges between other cells of this type. This cell type forms the stratum spinosum (prickle cell layer). A function of this cell is to generate keratin. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 ISBN:0815332181 CL:0000650 A cell type that encapsulates the capillaries and venules in the kidney. This cell secretes mesangial matrix that provides the structural support for the capillaries. BTO:0000853 CALOHA:TS-0617 FMA:70972 MESH:D050527 kidney mesangial cell Do all of these cells really develop from some mesenchymal stem cell? mesangial cell A cell type that encapsulates the capillaries and venules in the kidney. This cell secretes mesangial matrix that provides the structural support for the capillaries. GOC:tfm http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=mesangial%20cells CL:0000651 A mucus-secreting cell, with numerous apical secretory vesicles containing mucins; nucleus are basally displaced; numerous at the neck of mucus secreting glands neck cell mucous neck cell A mucus-secreting cell, with numerous apical secretory vesicles containing mucins; nucleus are basally displaced; numerous at the neck of mucus secreting glands GOC:tfm CL:0000652 This cell type produces and secretes melatonin and forms the pineal parenchyma. Extending from each cell body, which has a spherical, oval or lobulated mucleus, are one or more tortuous basophilic processes, containing parallel microtubules known as synaptic ribbons. These processes end in expanded terminal buds near capillaries or less, frequently, ependymal cells of the pineal recess. The terminal buds contain granular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and electron-dense cored vesicles, which store monoamines and polypeptide hormones, release of which appears to require sympathetic innervation. BTO:0001068 FMA:83417 pinealocyte This cell type produces and secretes melatonin and forms the pineal parenchyma. Extending from each cell body, which has a spherical, oval or lobulated mucleus, are one or more tortuous basophilic processes, containing parallel microtubules known as synaptic ribbons. These processes end in expanded terminal buds near capillaries or less, frequently, ependymal cells of the pineal recess. The terminal buds contain granular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and electron-dense cored vesicles, which store monoamines and polypeptide hormones, release of which appears to require sympathetic innervation. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:16687276 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinealocyte CL:0000653 A specialized kidney epithelial cell, contained within a glomerulus, that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other podocytes. epithelial cell of visceral layer of glomerular capsule BTO:0002295 FMA:70967 glomerular podocyte glomerular visceral epithelial cell kidney podocyte renal podocyte podocyte https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1460 A specialized kidney epithelial cell, contained within a glomerulus, that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other podocytes. GOC:tfm https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.10.463829 epithelial cell of visceral layer of glomerular capsule FMA:70967 glomerular podocyte FMA:70967 CL:0000654 A primary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed female meosis I. BTO:0000512 FMA:18645 primary oogonium primary oocyte true A primary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed female meosis I. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000655 A secondary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed meiosis II. BTO:0003094 FMA:18646 primary oogonium secondary oocyte true A secondary oocyte is an oocyte that has not completed meiosis II. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000656 A diploid cell that has derived from a spermatogonium and can subsequently begin meiosis and divide into two haploid secondary spermatocytes. BTO:0001115 CALOHA:TS-2194 FMA:72292 primary spermatocyte A diploid cell that has derived from a spermatogonium and can subsequently begin meiosis and divide into two haploid secondary spermatocytes. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000657 One of the two haploid cells into which a primary spermatocyte divides, and which in turn gives origin to spermatids. BTO:0000709 CALOHA:TS-2195 FBbt:00004941 FMA:72293 secondary spermatocyte One of the two haploid cells into which a primary spermatocyte divides, and which in turn gives origin to spermatids. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000658 An epithelial cell that secretes cuticle. cuticle secreting cell An epithelial cell that secretes cuticle. GOC:tfm CL:0000659 An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes eggshell. eggshell secreting cell An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes eggshell. GOC:tfm CL:0000660 An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes glycocalyx. glycocalyx secreting cell An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes glycocalyx. GOC:tfm CL:0000661 distal tip cell (sensu Nematoda) CL:0000662 neuroglioblast (sensu Nematoda) false CL:0000663 obsolete valve cell true CL:0000664 obsolete closable valve cell true CL:0000665 obsolete permanently open valve cell true CL:0000666 window cell fenestrated cell CL:0000667 An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes collagen. collagen secreting cell An extracellular matrix secreting cell that secretes collagen. GOC:tfm CL:0000668 OBSOLETE: The cell characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues. BTO:0002174 FMA:84638 OBSOLETE: Term was made obsolete to avoid confusion with plant parenchymal cell. Cell type has a similar but slightly different meaning in botany (plants): see PO:0000074. obsolete parenchymal cell true OBSOLETE: The cell characteristic of an organ, as distinguished from associated connective or supporting tissues. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000669 An elongated, contractile cell found wrapped about precapillary arterioles outside the basement membrane. Pericytes are present in capillaries where proper adventitia and muscle layer are missing (thus distingushing this cell type from adventitial cells). They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. BTO:0002441 FMA:63174 ARC adventitial reticular cell cell of Rouget pericyte cell pericyte of Rouget adventitial cell Pericytes are CD10-positive, CD13-positive, CD31-negative, CD45-negative, CD106-positive, CD117-negative, CD140-positive, CD144-negative, CD146-positive, CD271-positive, CD325-positive, NG2-positive, RGS5-positive, SMA-positive, and desmin-positive. A subpopulation is CD248-positive. They are also capable of producing angiopoietin 1, CXCL12, TGF-beta, and VEGF-A. pericyte An elongated, contractile cell found wrapped about precapillary arterioles outside the basement membrane. Pericytes are present in capillaries where proper adventitia and muscle layer are missing (thus distingushing this cell type from adventitial cells). They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 MESH:D020286 PMID:16807374 PMID:17986482 PMID:20024907 ARC PMID:17986482 CL:0000670 A primordial germ cell is a diploid germ cell precursors that transiently exist in the embryo before they enter into close association with the somatic cells of the gonad and become irreversibly committed as germ cells. FMA:70567 gonocyte primitive germ cell primordial germ cell true true A primordial germ cell is a diploid germ cell precursors that transiently exist in the embryo before they enter into close association with the somatic cells of the gonad and become irreversibly committed as germ cells. GOC:tfm PMID:1381289 CL:0000671 A follicle cell that migrates from the dorso-anterior part of the oocyte associated follicular epithelium, in between the nurse cells and the oocyte, and participates in the formation of the operculum. FBbt:00004906 centripetal follicle cell centripetally migrating follicle cell A follicle cell that migrates from the dorso-anterior part of the oocyte associated follicular epithelium, in between the nurse cells and the oocyte, and participates in the formation of the operculum. PMID:36807509 CL:0000672 Obsolete. Use PO:0000290 from Plant Ontology instead. A water conducting cell, tracheid or vessel member. obsolete tracheary element true Obsolete. Use PO:0000290 from Plant Ontology instead. A water conducting cell, tracheid or vessel member. ISBN:0471245208 CL:0000673 An intrinsic neuron of the mushroom body of arthropods and annelids. They have tightly packed, cytoplasm-poor cell bodies. mushroom body intrinsic neuron FBbt:00003686 globuli cell Kenyon cell An intrinsic neuron of the mushroom body of arthropods and annelids. They have tightly packed, cytoplasm-poor cell bodies. doi:10.1016/S1467-8039(03)00009-4 CL:0000674 A follicle cell that is part of the stalk connecting adjacent egg chambers. FBbt:00004910 stalk cell stalk follicle cell interfollicle cell A follicle cell that is part of the stalk connecting adjacent egg chambers. PMID:36531940 CL:0000675 A mature sexual reproductive cell of the female germline. female gamete true A mature sexual reproductive cell of the female germline. GOC:tfm CL:0000676 BTO:0001033 cap cell CL:0000677 Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules. gut absorptive cell Cell of the intestinal epithelium with a brush border made up of many parallel packed microvilli; associated with absorption, particularly of macromolecules. JB:jb CL:0000678 commissural neuron CL:0000679 A neuron that is capable of some neurotansmission by glutamate secretion. FBbt:00100291 WBbt:0006829 glutamatergic neuron CL:0000680 A non-terminally differentiated cell that is capable of developing into a muscle cell. muscle precursor cell A non-terminally differentiated cell that is capable of developing into a muscle cell. GOC:add CL:0000681 A cell present in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. forebrain radial glial cell Unlike that of mammals, the brain of adult teleost fish exhibits an intense and widespread neurogenic activity as a result of the persistence of radial glial cells acting as neural progenitors throughout life. radial glial cell A cell present in the developing CNS. Functions as both a precursor cell and as a scaffold to support neuronal migration. GOC:dph CL:0000682 An absorptive cell of the gut epithelium that endocytoses microorganisms and intact macromolecules from the gut lumen and transports them to the subepithelial space where they are presented to antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. M cell BTO:0003600 FMA:62929 M-cell microfold cell Should double check and see if M cells are particular to a specific region. M cell of gut An absorptive cell of the gut epithelium that endocytoses microorganisms and intact macromolecules from the gut lumen and transports them to the subepithelial space where they are presented to antigen-presenting cells and lymphocytes. GOC:jb GOC:tfm CL:0000683 A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells. This nerve cell is characterized by bipolar shape and endfeet that contact a basal lamina around blood vessels, and/or the pia mater or vitreous body of the eye and additionally contact the ventricular surface or sub-retinal space. MESH:D063928 ependymal astrocyte ependymoglial cell A cell that transports hormones from neurosecretory cells. This nerve cell is characterized by bipolar shape and endfeet that contact a basal lamina around blood vessels, and/or the pia mater or vitreous body of the eye and additionally contact the ventricular surface or sub-retinal space. JB:jb http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Ependymoglial_Cell CL:0000684 littoral cell of liver CL:0000685 Obsolete. Use PO:0004010 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. obsolete meristematic cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0004010 from Plant Ontology instead. A cell synthesizing protoplasm and producing new cells by division and with only a primary cell wall. PO:0004010 CL:0000686 A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell that secretes cerebrospinal fluid. cerebrospinal fluid secreting cell true A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell that secretes cerebrospinal fluid. GOC:tfm CL:0000687 R1 cell R1 photoreceptor cell CL:0000688 A fibroblast-like cell that provides support at neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates and are localized outside the synaptic basal lamina. perijunctional fibroblast A fibroblast-like cell that provides support at neuromuscular junctions in vertebrates and are localized outside the synaptic basal lamina. JB:jb CL:0000689 A cell with both myofibrils and secretory granules. myoendocrine cell A cell with both myofibrils and secretory granules. JB:jb CL:0000690 R2 cell R2 photoreceptor cell CL:0000691 stellate interneuron CL:0000692 A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse. Schwann cell terminal Schwann cell A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse. JB:jb PMID:16136171 CL:0000693 An interneuron that has spider-like appearance with a small round soma, a large number (7-10) of short, smooth, or slightly beaded primary dendrites that give rise to only a few secondary branches, and a branched axon that establishes a dense axonal mesh with thin shafts. NGF cell neuroglioform cell spiderweb cell neurogliaform cell An interneuron that has spider-like appearance with a small round soma, a large number (7-10) of short, smooth, or slightly beaded primary dendrites that give rise to only a few secondary branches, and a branched axon that establishes a dense axonal mesh with thin shafts. JB:jb PMID:17122314 NGF cell PMID:18568015 neuroglioform cell PMID:3235828 CL:0000694 R3 cell R3 photoreceptor cell CL:0000695 A neuron of the human embryonic marginal zone which display, as a salient feature, radial ascending processes that contact the pial surface, and a horizontal axon plexus located in the deep marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene. CR cells Horizontal cells of Cajal While previously called 'pioneer neurons' of the marginal zone, Cajal-Retzius cells are differentiated from pioneer neurons (which are Reln-negative) by their Reln-immunoreactivity. Cajal-Retzius cell A neuron of the human embryonic marginal zone which display, as a salient feature, radial ascending processes that contact the pial surface, and a horizontal axon plexus located in the deep marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene. PMID:10600995 PMID:9728912 CR cells WikipediaVersioned:Cajal–Retzius_cell&oldid=1032081753 Horizontal cells of Cajal WikipediaVersioned:Cajal–Retzius_cell&oldid=1032081753 While previously called 'pioneer neurons' of the marginal zone, Cajal-Retzius cells are differentiated from pioneer neurons (which are Reln-negative) by their Reln-immunoreactivity. PMID:10600995 CL:0000696 A cell that stores and secretes pancreatic polypeptide hormone. FMA:62938 FMA:83409 type F enteroendocrine cell PP cell A cell that stores and secretes pancreatic polypeptide hormone. GOC:tfm JB:jb PMID:15153415 CL:0000697 R4 cell R4 photoreceptor cell CL:0000698 obsolete paraganglial cell true CL:0000699 A type of glomus or chief cell, is sensitive to hypoxia and produce catecholamines. paraganglial type 1 cell A type of glomus or chief cell, is sensitive to hypoxia and produce catecholamines. GOC:tfm CL:0000700 A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. BTO:0004032 FBbt:00005131 FMA:84787 MESH:D059290 WBbt:0006746 dopaminergic cell dopaminergic neuron A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. GOC:dhill CL:0000701 Supports paraganglial type 1 cell. paraganglia type 2 cell Supports paraganglial type 1 cell. JB:jb CL:0000702 R5 cell R5 photoreceptor cell CL:0000703 Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors. BTO:0002315 sustentacular cell Cell that provides some or all mechanical, nutritional and phagocytic support to their neighbors. JB:jb CL:0000704 A specialized endothelial cell that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels. endothelial tip cell A specialized endothelial cell that senses extracellular signals and guides the directed growth of blood vessels. PMID:15376331 CL:0000705 R6 cell R6 photoreceptor cell CL:0000706 Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord. 2023-08-04T08:48:30Z choroid plexus cell FMA:70549 epithelial cell of choroid plexus choroid plexus epithelial cell Specialized ependymal cell that produces the cerebrospinal fluid from the blood and secretes it into the lumen of the brain and spinal chord. GOC:add GOC:tfm JB:jb PMID:9550134 choroid plexus cell DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:0000707 R7 cell R7 photoreceptor cell CL:0000708 Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus. leptomemingeal cell leptomeningeal cell true Stromal cell that forms the internal covering of the vertebrate brain and produces ECM for this and the choroid plexus. JB:jb CL:0000709 R8 cell R8 photoreceptor cell CL:0000710 Epithelial cells derived from neural plate and neural crest. neuroepithelial cell BTO:0004301 FMA:70557 The term "neuroepithelial cell" is used to describe both this cell type and sensory epithelial cell (CL:0000098). neurecto-epithelial cell Epithelial cells derived from neural plate and neural crest. GOC:tfm CL:0000711 Cumulus cell is a specialized granulosa cell that surrounds and nourishes the oocyte. This cell-type surrounds the fully-grown oocyte to form a cumulus-oocyte complex (abbr. COC). The terms cumulus oophorus cells, cumulus granulosa cells, cumulus oophorous granulosa cells, granulosa-cumulus cells are used to make a distinction between this cell and the other functionally different subpopulation of granulosa cells at the wall of the Graafian follicle. BTO:0002236 MESH:D054885 cumulus cell Cumulus cell is a specialized granulosa cell that surrounds and nourishes the oocyte. This cell-type surrounds the fully-grown oocyte to form a cumulus-oocyte complex (abbr. COC). The terms cumulus oophorus cells, cumulus granulosa cells, cumulus oophorous granulosa cells, granulosa-cumulus cells are used to make a distinction between this cell and the other functionally different subpopulation of granulosa cells at the wall of the Graafian follicle. GOC:tfm http://www.copewithcytokines.org/cope.cgi?key=cumulus%20cells CL:0000712 stratum granulosum cell CL:0000713 corona radiata cell CL:0000714 true CL:0000715 A crystal cell that derives from the embryonic head mesoderm. FBbt:00001690 embryonic crystal cell CL:0000716 A crystal cell that derives from the larval lymph gland. lymph gland crystal cell CL:0000717 OBSOLETE. A subset of motor neurons that innervates intrafusal muscle fibers and has small diameter axons. Term merged into CL:0008037. obsolete fusimotor neuron true OBSOLETE. A subset of motor neurons that innervates intrafusal muscle fibers and has small diameter axons. PMID:15582775 CL:0000718 A cell of an ommatidium that secretes lens materials. FBbt:00004193 Semper cell cone cell (sensu Endopterygota) Not to be confused with the Semper cells of the Semper organ found in gastropods. compound eye cone cell A cell of an ommatidium that secretes lens materials. PMID:34343526 doi:10.1017/CBO9780511818202.023 Not to be confused with the Semper cells of the Semper organ found in gastropods. doi:10.1242/jcs.s3-105.71.331 CL:0000719 posterior cone cell (sensu Endopterygota) CL:0000720 anterior cone cell (sensu Endopterygota) CL:0000721 equatorial cone cell (sensu Endopterygota) CL:0000722 cystoblast CL:0000723 A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line. CALOHA:TS-2086 MESH:D053687 somatic stem cell A stem cell that can give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line. GO:0048103 CL:0000724 A differentiated cell that functions as a site of nitrogen fixation under aerobic conditions. BTO:0000600 heterocyst A differentiated cell that functions as a site of nitrogen fixation under aerobic conditions. MA:ma CL:0000725 nitrogen fixing cell CL:0000726 An asexual 1-celled spore (primarily for perennation, not dissemination). Originates endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell by the contraction of the protoplast. Possesses an inner secondary and often thickened hyaline or brown wall, usually impregnated with hydrophobic material. Considering obsoleting as sometimes used to refer to protozoans too. But reference indicates term was intended for fungus. chlamydospore An asexual 1-celled spore (primarily for perennation, not dissemination). Originates endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell by the contraction of the protoplast. Possesses an inner secondary and often thickened hyaline or brown wall, usually impregnated with hydrophobic material. GOC:tfm ISBN:085199377X CL:0000727 Obsoleted as this level of precision is deemed unnecessary for CL. Consider using either the more general CL:0001658 or, if you need to refer to primary pigment cells specifically, a term from a taxon-specific ontology such as FBbt:00004231. obsolete primary pigment cell true CL:0000728 Obsoleted as this level of precision is deemed unnecessary for CL. Consider using either the more general CL:0001658 or, if you need to refer to secondary pigment cells specifically, a term from a taxon-specific ontology such as FBbt:00004232. obsolete secondary pigment cell true CL:0000729 Obsoleted as this level of precision is deemed unnecessary for CL. Consider using either the more general CL:0001658 or, if you need to refer to tertiary pigment cells specifically, a term from a taxon-specific ontology such as FBbt:00004233. obsolete tertiary pigment cell true CL:0000730 A cell at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet. leading edge cell A cell at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet. MA:ma CL:0000731 A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the proximal urethra, bladder, ureter or renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. FMA:84127 urinary tract transitional epithelial cell urothelial cell A cell of a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the proximal urethra, bladder, ureter or renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria. GOC:tfm MA:ma doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 CL:0000732 amoeboid cell CL:0000733 A plasmatocyte that derives from the larval lymph gland. lymph gland plasmatocyte CL:0000734 Obsoleted as this is the same thing as 'embryonic plasmatocyte'. obsolete embryonic gland plasmatocyte true CL:0000735 A hemocyte that derives from the larval lymph gland. FBbt:00005917 lymph gland hemocyte A hemocyte that derives from the larval lymph gland. doi:10.1242/dev.00702 CL:0000736 Obsoleted as this term probably resulted from a confusion. Hemocytes are either derived from the embryonic head mesoderm ("embryonic hemocytes") or from the larval lymph gland ("lymph gland hemocytes"), not from an "embryonic gland". embryonic gland hemocyte true CL:0000737 Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments organized into sarcomeres. BTO:0002916 CALOHA:TS-2157 FMA:86936 striated muscle cell Muscle cell which has as its direct parts myofilaments organized into sarcomeres. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0000738 An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. BTO:0000751 CALOHA:TS-0549 FMA:62852 MESH:D007962 NCIT:C12529 leucocyte white blood cell immune cell Leukocyte leukocyte An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. true An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:978-0-323-05290-0 CL:0000739 true CL:0000740 The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve. BTO:0001800 FMA:67765 MESH:D012165 gangliocyte ganglion cell of retina RGC RGCs retinal ganglion cell The set of neurons that receives neural inputs via bipolar, horizontal and amacrine cells. The axons of these cells make up the optic nerve. GOC:dph RGC doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 RGCs doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 CL:0000741 A motor neuron that is located in the cervical region of the spinal cord and selectively innervates the sternocleidmastoid or trapezius muscle. Unlike other motor neurons, they extend axons dorsally along lateral margins of the spinal cord. SACMN spinal accessory motor neuron A motor neuron that is located in the cervical region of the spinal cord and selectively innervates the sternocleidmastoid or trapezius muscle. Unlike other motor neurons, they extend axons dorsally along lateral margins of the spinal cord. PMID:16267219 CL:0000742 A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. periarticular chondrocyte A round chondrocyte that first differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. PMID:15951842 CL:0000743 Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). is hypertrophic pathological or normal? and can it be described using a pato term? hypertrophic chondrocyte Chondrocyte that is terminally differentiated, produces type X collagen, is large in size, and often associated with the replacement of cartilage by bone (endochondral ossification). GO_REF:0000034 PMID:15951842 CL:0000744 A columnar chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. Columnar chondrocytes vigorously proliferate and form columns in the growth plate. columnar chondrocyte A columnar chondrocyte that differentiates in the late embryonic growth plate of bone. Columnar chondrocytes vigorously proliferate and form columns in the growth plate. PMID:15951842 CL:0000745 A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. BTO:0004120 horizontal cell HC HCs retina horizontal cell A neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. ISBN:0195088433 HC doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 HCs doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 CL:0000746 Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei. FMA:83808 cardiocyte BTO:0001539 CALOHA:TS-0115 FMA:14067 MESH:D032383 cardiac muscle fiber cardiac myocyte cardiomyocyte heart muscle cell This class encompasses the muscle cells responsible for heart* contraction in both vertebrates and arthropods. The ultrastucture of a wide range of arthropod heart cells has been examined including spiders, horseshoe crabs, crustaceans (see Sherman, 1973 and refs therein) and insects (see Lehmacher et al (2012) and refs therein). According to these refs, the cells participating in heart contraction in all cases are transversely striated. Insects hearts additionally contain ostial cells, also transversely striated muscle cells, but which do not participate in heart contraction. cardiac muscle cell Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei. GOC:mtg_cardiacconduct_nov11 GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 PMID:22426062 PMID:4711263 cardiac muscle fiber GO:0048739 CL:0000747 A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains blue pigment of unknown chemical composition in fibrous organelles termed cyanosomes. This gives a blue appearance. blue chromatophore cyanophore A pigment cell derived from the neural crest. Contains blue pigment of unknown chemical composition in fibrous organelles termed cyanosomes. This gives a blue appearance. SANBI:mhl CL:0000748 A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. BC BCs BPs retinal bipolar neuron A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 BC doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 BCs doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 BPs GSE137537 CL:0000749 A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. ON-bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light stimulation of their corresponding photoreceptors. PMID:14689473 CL:0000750 A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light to dark transition. OFF-bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light to dark transition. PMID:14689473 CL:0000751 A bipolar neuron found in the retina that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. These neurons depolarize in response to light. FMA:67750 rod bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. These neurons depolarize in response to light. GOC:tfm PMID:14689473 CL:0000752 A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. cone retinal bipolar cell A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptor cells and neurons in the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000753 An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell body of these cells is in the middle of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is stout and the axon terminates in sublamina 1. The axonal terminal is wide and has only a few varicosities. DB1 cone bipolar cell type 1 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell body of these cells is in the middle of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is stout and the axon terminates in sublamina 1. The axonal terminal is wide and has only a few varicosities. PMID:14689473 CL:0000754 An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is not well filled and the dendrites are more delicate than in type 1 cells. The axon terminal is bushier and exhibits a dense plexus of varicosities in the inner part of sublamina 1 (Ghosh et al., 2004). It can be differentiated from other retinal bipolar neurons by its expression of marker genes: Neto1, Lhx3 and Irx-6 (Shekhar, 2016). FMB cone bipolar cell type 2 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is not well filled and the dendrites are more delicate than in type 1 cells. The axon terminal is bushier and exhibits a dense plexus of varicosities in the inner part of sublamina 1 (Ghosh et al., 2004). It can be differentiated from other retinal bipolar neurons by its expression of marker genes: Neto1, Lhx3 and Irx-6 (Shekhar, 2016). PMID:14689473 PMID:27565351 CL:0000755 An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is delicate and the dendritic tips appear small when compared with type 1 cells. The axon terminal is stratified and restricted to sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer. DB2 cone bipolar cell type 3 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is delicate and the dendritic tips appear small when compared with type 1 cells. The axon terminal is stratified and restricted to sublamina 2 of the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000756 An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a diffuse axon terminal with varicosities in sublaminae 1 and 2 of the inner plexiform layer. DB3 cone bipolar cell type 4 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An OFF-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a diffuse axon terminal with varicosities in sublaminae 1 and 2 of the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000757 An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is restricted to sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer. It is narrowly stratified and branched. The dendritic tree has many delicate branches. DB4 cone bipolar cell type 5 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is restricted to sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer. It is narrowly stratified and branched. The dendritic tree has many delicate branches. PMID:14689473 CL:0000758 An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a loose, delicate axon terminal that opens in sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer and descends into sublamina 4. DB5 cone bipolar cell type 6 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The cell has a loose, delicate axon terminal that opens in sublamina 3 of the inner plexiform layer and descends into sublamina 4. PMID:14689473 CL:0000759 An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is narrowly stratified and are found just below a calretinin-expressing band in sublamina 4 of the inner plexiform layer. IMB cone bipolar cell type 7 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The axon terminal is narrowly stratified and are found just below a calretinin-expressing band in sublamina 4 of the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000760 An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. This cell has the widest dendritic field and the widest axon terminal of all retinal bipolar cells. The axon terminal is delicate and stratified through sublaminae 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer. DB6 cone bipolar cell type 8 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. This cell has the widest dendritic field and the widest axon terminal of all retinal bipolar cells. The axon terminal is delicate and stratified through sublaminae 4 and 5 of the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000761 An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is wide and the dendritic convergence indicates cone selectivity. The axon terminal is sparsely branched and terminates in sublamina 5 of the inner plexiform layer. BB cone bipolar cell type 9 cone bipolar cell (sensu Mus) An ON-bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with cone photoreceptors cells and neurons in the inner half of the inner plexiform layer. The dendritic tree is wide and the dendritic convergence indicates cone selectivity. The axon terminal is sparsely branched and terminates in sublamina 5 of the inner plexiform layer. PMID:14689473 CL:0000762 A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type. Use platelet ; CL:0000233 for thrombocytes (platelets) in mammals. nucleated thrombocyte true A nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation, typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:16360205 CL:0000763 A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. BTO:0001441 CALOHA:TS-0647 MESH:D022423 myeloid cell true A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. GOC:add CL:0000764 A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes. CALOHA:TS-0290 FMA:62845 FMA:83516 erythropoietic cell Note that in FMA erythropoietic cells are types of nucleated erythrocytes and thus don't include erythrocytes. erythroid lineage cell A immature or mature cell in the lineage leading to and including erythrocytes. GOC:add GOC:tfm CL:0000765 A nucleated precursor of an erythrocyte that lacks hematopoietic lineage markers. BTO:0001571 CALOHA:TS-0289 FMA:83504 MESH:D004900 normoblast erythroblast true A nucleated precursor of an erythrocyte that lacks hematopoietic lineage markers. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 PMID:18174176 CL:0000766 A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. myeloid leukocyte true A cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, or mast cell lineage. GOC:add CL:0000767 Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte BTO:0000129 CALOHA:TS-0073 FMA:62862 basophilic leucocyte basophilic leukocyte Matures in the bone marrow and account for <1% of leukocytes in the peripheral blood, spleen, and bone marrow. Basophils are described as being CD11a-positive, CD11b-positive, CD13-positive, CD15-positive, CD18-positive, CD21-positive, CD25-positive, CD29-positive, CD35-positive, CD40-positive, CD40L-positive, CD44-positive, CD45R-negative, CD46-positive, CD49a-positive, CD49b-positive, CD49d-positive, CD55-positive, CD59-positive, CD62L-positive, CD63-positive, CD69-positive, CD90-negative, CD116-positive, CD117-negative, CD124-positive, CD125-positive, CD131-positive, CD161-positive, CD184-positive, CD191-positive, CD192-positive, CD197-positive, CD200R3-positive, CD218-positive, CD282-positive, CD284-positive, CD289-positive, CD290-positive, CD294-positive, natural killer cell receptor 2B4-positive, smad1-positive, CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD7-negative, CD8-negative, CD14-negative, CD15-negative, CD16-negative, CD19-negative, CD20-negative, CD34-negative, CD36-negative, CD45R-negative, CD56-negative, CD57-negative, CD235a-negative, and GR1-negative. Transcription factors- GATA1-positive, PU.1-positive. basophil true Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 MESH:D001491 PMCID:PMC2626675 PMID:11927641 PMID:19741522 PMID:21236338 PMID:9933081 CL:0000768 Any of the immature forms of a basophil, in which basophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. immature basophilic leucocyte immature basophilic leukocyte immature basophil true Any of the immature forms of a basophil, in which basophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000769 A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a basophilic myelocyte and a band form basophil. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. Markers are CD11b-positive, CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD24-positive, CD33-positive, and CD13-positive. FMA:84198 basophilic metamyelocyte true A basophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a basophilic myelocyte and a band form basophil. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. Markers are CD11b-positive, CD15-positive, CD16-positive, CD24-positive, CD33-positive, and CD13-positive. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:18466030 CL:0000770 A late basophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature basophil. band form basophil true A late basophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature basophil. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 PMID:18466030 http://www.cap.org CL:0000771 Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte BTO:0000399 CALOHA:TS-0279 FMA:62861 MESH:D004804 eosinocyte eosinophilic granulocyte eosinophilic leucocyte eosinophilic leukocyte Eosinophils are also CD14-negative, CD32-positive, CD44-positive, CD48-positive, CD69-positive, CD192-negative, MBP1-positive, MBP2-positive, TLR2-negative, TLR4-negative, and lineage-negative (B220, CD2, CD14, CD19, CD56, CD71, CD117, CD123, CD235a (glycophorin A), and TER119). The cytokines IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF are involved in their development and differentiation. Usually considered CD16-negative, CD16 is observed on eosinophilic metamyelocyte. eosinophil true Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMCID:PMC2626675 PMID:10914487 PMID:1662676 CL:0000772 Any of the immature forms of an eosinophil, in which eosinophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. immature eosinocyte immature eosinophilic leucocyte immature eosinophilic leukocyte immature eosinophil true Any of the immature forms of an eosinophil, in which eosinophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000773 A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a eosinophilic myelocyte and a band form eosinophil. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. Markers are integrin alpha-M-positive, fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive and aminopeptidase N-negative. eosinophilic metamyelocyte true A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a eosinophilic myelocyte and a band form eosinophil. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. Markers are integrin alpha-M-positive, fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-positive, CD33-positive, CD24-positive and aminopeptidase N-negative. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:19622087 CL:0000774 A late eosinophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature eosinophil. band form eosinophil true A late eosinophilic metamyelocyte in which the nucleus is in the form of a curved or coiled band, not having acquired the typical multilobar shape of the mature eosinophil. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 PMID:19622087 http://www.cap.org CL:0000775 Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. PMN poly polymorphonuclear leucocyte polymorphonuclear leukocyte polymorphonuclear neutrophil polynuclear neutrophilic leucocyte polynuclear neutrophilic leukocyte BTO:0000130 CALOHA:TS-0688 FMA:62860 MESH:D009504 neutrocyte neutrophil leucocyte neutrophil leukocyte neutrophilic leucocyte neutrophilic leukocyte neutrophil true Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000776 Any of the immature forms of a neutrophil in which neutrophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. immatuer neutrophilic leukocyte immature neutrocyte immature neutrophil leucocyte immature neutrophil leukocyte immature neutrophilic leucocyte immature neutrophil true Any of the immature forms of a neutrophil in which neutrophilic specific granules are present but other phenotypic features of the mature form may be lacking. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000777 A tissue-resident macrophage of the renal glomerular mesangium involved in the disposal and degradation of filtration residues, presentation of antigen to T cells and in tissue remodeling. mesangial cell mesangial phagocyte true A tissue-resident macrophage of the renal glomerular mesangium involved in the disposal and degradation of filtration residues, presentation of antigen to T cells and in tissue remodeling. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0702022918 ISBN:3540536663 PMID:1600140 PMID:16146841 CL:0000778 A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone, precursor of multinuclear osteoclasts. Morphology: mononuclear, highly vesicular. mononuclear osteoclast true A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone, precursor of multinuclear osteoclasts. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:12713016 PMID:15055519 PMID:17380158 PMID:9415452 CL:0000779 A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone. multinucleated osteoclast Morphology: multinucleated, highly vesicular. multinuclear osteoclast true A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of bone. GOC:add PMID:12713016 PMID:9415452 CL:0000780 A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. multinucleated odontoclast Morphology: multinucleated, highly vesicular; location: roots of deciduous (milk) teeth. multinuclear odontoclast true A specialized multinuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. GOC:add PMID:9415452 CL:0000781 A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. Morphology: Mononuclear, highly vesicular; location: roots of deciduous (milk) teeth. mononuclear odontoclast true true A specialized mononuclear osteoclast associated with the absorption and removal of cementum. GOC:add PMID:9415452 CL:0000782 A dendritic cell of the myeloid lineage. interdigitating cell veiled cell BTO:0004721 CD11c+CD123- DC mDC These cells are CD1a-negative, CD1b-positive, CD11a-positive, CD11c-positive, CD13-positive, CD14-negative, CD20-negative, CD21-negative, CD33-positive, CD40-negative, CD50-positive, CD54-positive, CD58-positive, CD68-negative, CD80-negative, CD83-negative, CD85j-positive, CD86-positive, CD89-negative, CD95-positive, CD120a-negative, CD120b-positive, CD123-negative, CD178-negative, CD206-negative, CD207-negative, CD209-negative, and TNF-alpha-negative. Upon TLR stimulation, they are capable of producing high levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8). myeloid dendritic cell true A dendritic cell of the myeloid lineage. GOC:add PMID:10449155 PMID:17332250 PMID:9521319 CL:0000783 A phagocyte formed by the fusion of mononuclear phagocytes. multinucleated phagocyte true A phagocyte formed by the fusion of mononuclear phagocytes. GOC:add GOC:tfm CL:0000784 A dendritic cell type of distinct morphology, localization, and surface marker expression (CD123-positive) from other dendritic cell types and associated with early stage immune responses, particularly the release of physiologically abundant amounts of type I interferons in response to infection. BTO:0004625 DC2 IPC T-associated plasma cell interferon-producing cell lymphoid dendritic cell pDC plasmacytoid T cell plasmacytoid monocyte type 2 DC plasmacytoid dendritic cell true A dendritic cell type of distinct morphology, localization, and surface marker expression (CD123-positive) from other dendritic cell types and associated with early stage immune responses, particularly the release of physiologically abundant amounts of type I interferons in response to infection. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMCID:PMC2118448 PMCID:PMC538703 PMID:15549123 PMID:17332250 PMID:17850486 PMID:20304825 CL:0000785 A B cell that is mature, having left the bone marrow. Initially, these cells are IgM-positive and IgD-positive, and they can be activated by antigen. mature B lymphocyte mature B-cell mature B-lymphocyte Mature B cells are also reportedly CD10-negative, CD19-positive, CD22-positive, CD34-negative, CD48-positive, CD79a-positive, CD84-positive, CD127-negative, CD352-positive, RAG-negative, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-negative, and pre-BCR-negative. Transcription factors expressed: Pax5-positive. mature B cell true A B cell that is mature, having left the bone marrow. Initially, these cells are IgM-positive and IgD-positive, and they can be activated by antigen. GOC:add GOC:dsd ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000786 A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. BTO:0000392 FMA:70574 MESH:D010950 plasma B cell plasma B-cell plasmacyte plasmocyte effector B cell effector B-cell Plasma cells develop in the spleen and migrate to the bone marrow. Plasma cells are also reportedly CD5-negative, CD10-negative, CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD21-negative, CD22-negative, CD23-negative, CD24-negative, CD25-negative, CD27-positive, CD34-negative, CD38-positive, CD40-positive, CD43-positive, CD45-positive, CD48-positive, CD53-low, CD80-negative, CD81-positive, CD86-positive, CD95-positive, CD196-negative, CD229-positive, CD270-positive, CD352-positive, CD361-positive, and IgD-negative. Transcription factors: BLIMP1-positive, IRF4-positive, PAX5-negative, SpiB-negative, Ets1-negative, and XBP1-positive. plasma cell true A terminally differentiated, post-mitotic, antibody secreting cell of the B cell lineage with the phenotype CD138-positive, surface immunonoglobulin-negative, and MHC Class II-negative. Plasma cells are oval or round with extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, a well-developed Golgi apparatus, and a round nucleus having a characteristic cartwheel heterochromatin pattern and are devoted to producing large amounts of immunoglobulin. GOC:add GOC:dsd GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0721601464 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:19447676 PMID:20081059 PMID:20839338 PMID:20951740 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cell CL:0000787 A memory B cell is a mature B cell that is long-lived, readily activated upon re-encounter of its antigenic determinant, and has been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin. This cell type has the phenotype CD19-positive, CD20-positive, MHC Class II-positive, and CD138-negative. memory B lymphocyte memory B-cell memory B-lymphocyte Memory B-cells are also reportedly CD5-negative, CD10-negative, CD21-positive, CD22-positive, CD23-negative, CD24-positive, CD25-positive, CD27-positive, CD34-negative, CD38-negative, CD40-positive, CD43-negative, CD44-positive, CD45-positive, CD53-positive, CD80-negative, CD81-negative, CD86-positive, and CD196/CCR6-positive. memory B cell true A memory B cell is a mature B cell that is long-lived, readily activated upon re-encounter of its antigenic determinant, and has been selected for expression of higher affinity immunoglobulin. This cell type has the phenotype CD19-positive, CD20-positive, MHC Class II-positive, and CD138-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:20081059 PMID:20839338 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_B_cell CL:0000788 A naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, CD20-positive, CD27-negative and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. naive B lymphocyte naive B-cell naive B-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'naive B cell'. Per DSD: Naive B cells are also reportedly CD10-negative, CD19-positive, CD20-positive, CD21-positive, CD22-positive, CD25-negative, CD27-negative, CD34-negative, CD40-positive, CD43-negative, CD45-positive, CD48-positive, CD53-positive, CD80-negative, CD81-positive, CD84-positive, CD86-negative, CD95-negative, CD138-negative, CD150-positive, CD184/CXCR4-positive, CD185/CXCR5-positive, CD196/CCR6-positive, CD200-positive, CD229-positive, CD243-positive, CD289-positive, CD290-positive, CD352-positive, MHCII/HLA-DR-positive, cadherin 9-positive, and sIgH-positive, Transcription factors: Pax5-positive, ETS1-positive, FOXO1A-positive, KLF4-positive, KLF9-positive, MiTF-positive, OBF1-positive, PLZF-positive, and SpiB-positive. naive B cell true A naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, CD20-positive, CD27-negative and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 PMID:19447676 PMID:20081059 PMID:20839338 PMID:20933013 PMID:22343568 CL:0000789 A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. alpha-beta T lymphocyte alpha-beta T-cell alpha-beta T-lymphocyte alpha-beta T cell true A T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000790 An alpha-beta T cell that has an immature phenotype and has not completed T cell selection. immature alpha-beta T lymphocyte immature alpha-beta T-cell immature alpha-beta T-lymphocyte immature alpha-beta T cell true An alpha-beta T cell that has an immature phenotype and has not completed T cell selection. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000791 A alpha-beta T cell that has a mature phenotype. mature alpha-beta T lymphocyte mature alpha-beta T-cell mature alpha-beta T-lymphocyte mature alpha-beta T cell true A alpha-beta T cell that has a mature phenotype. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000792 A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. Treg suppressor T cell suppressor T lymphocyte suppressor T-cell suppressor T-lymphocyte CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'Treg'. The inclusion of CD127lo in the logical definition is compatible with both human and mouse T cells of this subtype. CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell true A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 PMID:19464985 PMID:22343568 Treg PMID:22343568 CL:0000793 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000794 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme B-positive. cytotoxic T cell cytotoxic T lymphocyte cytotoxic T-cell cytotoxic T-lymphocyte killer T cell killer T lymphocyte killer T-cell killer T-lymphocyte CALOHA:TS-0190 CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-lymphocyte Note that while T cells of this subset are loosely referred to 'cytotoxic T cells,' as many other T cell types, including CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cells and gamma-delta T cells exhibit cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is capable of killing target cells in an antigen specific manner with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme B-positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000795 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. suppressor T cell suppressor T lymphocyte suppressor T-cell suppressor T-lymphocyte CD8+ T(reg) CD8+ Treg CD8+ regulatory T cell CD8-positive T(reg) CD8-positive Treg CD8-positive, alpha-beta Treg CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000796 A alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD8-alpha-beta-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true A alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000797 A mature alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true A mature alpha-beta T cell of the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. Intraepithelial T cells often have distinct developmental pathways and activation requirements. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000798 A T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. gamma-delta T lymphocyte gamma-delta T-cell gamma-delta T-lymphocyte gammadelta T cell gd T cell Note that gamma-delta T cells have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways. gamma-delta T cell true A T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 gd T cell CL:0000799 A gamma-delta T cell that has an immature phenotype. immature gamma-delta T lymphocyte immature gamma-delta T-cell immature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte Note that gamma-delta T cells have both thymic and extrathymic differentiation pathways. immature gamma-delta T cell true A gamma-delta T cell that has an immature phenotype. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000800 A gamma-delta T cell that has a mature phenotype. These cells can be found in tissues and circulation where they express unique TCR repertoire depending on their location. mature gamma-delta T lymphocyte mature gamma-delta T-cell mature gamma-delta T-lymphocyte mature gamma-delta T cell true A gamma-delta T cell that has a mature phenotype. These cells can be found in tissues and circulation where they express unique TCR repertoire depending on their location. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000801 A mature gamma-delta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells participate in mucosal immune responses. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell true A mature gamma-delta T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells participate in mucosal immune responses. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000802 A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD8-alpha alpha-positive. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD8-alpha alpha positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell true A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD8-alpha alpha-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000803 A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative and CD8-negative. IEL intraepithelial lymphocyte CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-cell CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD4-negative CD8-negative gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell true A gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative and CD8-negative. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000804 true CL:0000805 A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-positive, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. ISP T.ISP.th immature single positive T cell immature single positive T lymphocyte immature single positive T-lymphocyte Note that this type of thymocyte has passed the beta-selection checkpoint and is rapidly proliferating and rearranging the T cell receptor alpha chain and expressing the CD8 coreceptor. This stage comes between the DN4 and DP stages. immature single positive thymocyte true A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-positive, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0000806 A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive. DN2 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte DN2 alpha-beta immature T-cell DN2 alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte DN2 cell DN2 immature T cell TN2 cell TN2 thymocyte double negative 2 preT.DN2.Th Note that this type of thymocyte is at the earliest stage of T cell receptor rearrangement of the beta, gamma, and delta T cell receptor chains. Also, there is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in mouse versus human thymus. If in doubt, please consider using CL:0002489 'double negative thymocyte'. DN2 thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000807 A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, and CD25-positive and expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain. early cortical thymocyte DN3 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte DN3 alpha-beta immature T-cell DN3 alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte DN3 cell DN3 immature T cell TN3 cell TN3 thymocyte double negative 3 preT.DN3.Th There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in mouse versus human thymus. If in doubt, please consider using CL:0002489 'double negative thymocyte'. DN3 thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, and CD25-positive and expressing the T cell receptor beta-chain in complex with the pre-T cell receptor alpha chain. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000808 A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. early cortical thymocyte DN4 alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte DN4 alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte DN4 cell DN4 immature T cell DN4 immature T-cell T.DN4.th double negative 4 Note that this type of thymocyte has passed the beta-selection checkpoint and is rapidly proliferating and beginning to rearrange the T cell receptor alpha chain. There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in mouse versus human thymus. If in doubt, please consider using CL:0002489 'double negative thymocyte'. DN4 thymocyte A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-negative, CD25-negative, and pre-TCR-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000809 A thymocyte expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as both the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. late cortical thymocyte DP cell DP thymocyte double-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte Thymocytes of this stage are undergoing positive and negative selection. double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte true A thymocyte expressing the alpha-beta T cell receptor complex as well as both the CD4 and CD8 coreceptors. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000810 An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD4-positive and CD8-negative. CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T-cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte SP CD4 cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte true An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD4-positive and CD8-negative. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000811 An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD8-positive and CD4-negative. CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T-lymphocyte SP CD8 cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta immature T cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte true An immature alpha-beta T cell that is located in the thymus and is CD8-positive and CD4-negative. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000812 true CL:0000813 A long-lived, antigen-experienced T cell that has acquired a memory phenotype including distinct surface markers and the ability to differentiate into an effector T cell upon antigen reexposure. BTO:0003435 memory T lymphocyte memory T-cell memory T-lymphocyte memory T cell true A long-lived, antigen-experienced T cell that has acquired a memory phenotype including distinct surface markers and the ability to differentiate into an effector T cell upon antigen reexposure. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000814 A mature alpha-beta T cell of a distinct lineage that bears natural killer markers and a T cell receptor specific for a limited set of ligands. NK T cells have activation and regulatory roles particularly early in an immune response. mature NK T lymphocyte mature NK T-cell mature NK T-lymphocyte mature NKT cell mature natural killer T cell mature natural killer T lymphocyte mature natural killer T-cell mature natural killer T-lymphocyte mature NK T cell true A mature alpha-beta T cell of a distinct lineage that bears natural killer markers and a T cell receptor specific for a limited set of ligands. NK T cells have activation and regulatory roles particularly early in an immune response. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000815 A T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. suppressor T cell suppressor T lymphocyte suppressor T-cell suppressor T-lymphocyte BTO:0004520 FMA:84070 MESH:D050378 Treg regulatory T lymphocyte regulatory T-cell regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type may express FoxP3 and CD25 and secretes IL-10 and TGF-beta. regulatory T cell true A T cell which regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000816 An immature B cell is a B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive and surface IgD-negative, and have not undergone class immunoglobulin class switching or peripheral encounter with antigen and activation. immature B lymphocyte immature B-cell immature B-lymphocyte newly formed B cell Immature B cells are also reportedly CD5-positive, CD10-positive, CD19-positive, CD20-positive, CD21-positive, CD22-positive, CD24-positive, CD25-negative, CD27-negative, CD34-negative, CD38-positive, CD40-positive, CD43-negative, CD45-positive, CD48-positive, CD53-positive, CD79a-positive, CD80-negative, CD81-positive, CD86-negative, CD95-negative, CD127-negative, CD138-negative, CD185-positive, CD196-positive, MHCII/HLA-DR-positive, RAG-positive, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-negative, and preBCR-negative. Transcription factors expressed: Pax5-positive. immature B cell An immature B cell is a B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive and surface IgD-negative, and have not undergone class immunoglobulin class switching or peripheral encounter with antigen and activation. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:20081059 PMID:20839338 newly formed B cell ISBN:781735149 CL:0000817 A precursor B cell is a B cell with the phenotype CD10-positive. BTO:0001133 CALOHA:TS-0819 pre-B cell precursor B cell true A precursor B cell is a B cell with the phenotype CD10-positive. GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000818 An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage with the phenotype surface IgM-positive and CD19-positive, and are subject to the process of B cell selection. A transitional B cell migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and then to the spleen. transitional B cell transitional stage B lymphocyte transitional stage B-cell transitional stage B-lymphocyte T1 B cell T2 B cell T3 B cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'transitional B cell'. transitional stage B cell true An immature B cell of an intermediate stage between the pre-B cell stage and the mature naive stage with the phenotype surface IgM-positive and CD19-positive, and are subject to the process of B cell selection. A transitional B cell migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and then to the spleen. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:12810111 PMID:22343568 transitional B cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000819 A B cell of distinct lineage and surface marker expression. B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas. These cells are CD43-positive. B-1 B lymphocyte B-1 B-cell B-1 B-lymphocyte B-1 cell B1 B cell B1 B lymphocyte B1 B-cell B1 B-lymphocyte B1 cell There are small numbers of B-1 cells found in the lymph nodes and spleen, while larger numbers can be found in the peritoneal and pleural cavities. B-1 B cells are reportedly CD11b-positive, CD20-positive, CD21-positive, CD27-positive, CD44-positive, CD45RB-positive, CD48-positive, CD70-negative, CD150-positive, CD244-negative, CD352-positive, sIgM-positive, and sIgD-low. B-1 B cell true A B cell of distinct lineage and surface marker expression. B-1 B cells are thought to be the primary source of natural IgM immunoglobulin, that is, IgM produced in large quantities without prior antigenic stimulation and generally reactive against various microorganisms, as well as the source of T-independent IgA immunoglobulin in the mucosal areas. These cells are CD43-positive. GOC:add GOC:dsd GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11861604 PMID:20933013 PMID:21220451 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-1_cell CL:0000820 A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-positive. B-1a B lymphocyte B-1a B-cell B-1a B-lymphocyte B1a B cell B1a B lymphocyte B1a B-cell B1a B-lymphocyte B1a cell CD5(+) B1 cell CD5+ B1 cell CD5-positive B1 cell B-1a B cell true A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-positive. GOC:add PMID:11861604 CL:0000821 A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-negative, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell. B-1b B lymphocyte B-1b B-cell B-1b B-lymphocyte B1b B cell B1b B lymphocyte B1b B-cell B1b B-lymphocyte B1b cell B-1b B cell true A B-1 B cell that has the phenotype CD5-negative, but having other phenotypic attributes of a B-1 B cell. GOC:add PMID:11861604 CL:0000822 A conventional B cell subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells. These cells are CD43-negative. B-2 B lymphocyte B-2 B-cell B-2 B-lymphocyte B2 B cell B2 B lymphocyte B2 B-cell B2 B-lymphocyte B2 cell B-0 B cell B-2 B cells are reportedly CD48-positive, CD244-negative, and CD352-positive. B-2 B cell true A conventional B cell subject to antigenic stimulation and dependent on T cell help and with a distinct surface marker expression pattern from B-1 B cells. These cells are CD43-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 PMID:11861604 PMID:20933013 CL:0000823 A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature and expresses natural killer cell receptors (NKR). immature NK cell p-NK In mouse the NKR are Ly49 molecules and in human these cells express KIR molecules. immature natural killer cell A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature and expresses natural killer cell receptors (NKR). GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:12457618 p-NK PMID:12457618 CL:0000824 A natural killer cell that is developmentally mature and expresses a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize MHC class I and other stress related molecules. LAK cell lymphokine activated killer cell mature NK cell mature natural killer cell A natural killer cell that is developmentally mature and expresses a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize MHC class I and other stress related molecules. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:14685782 LAK cell PMID:14685782 lymphokine activated killer cell PMID:14685782 CL:0000825 A lymphoid progenitor cell that is committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing CD122 (IL-15) receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules. In human this cell has the phenotype CD34-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD10-positive, CD117-negative, and CD161 negative. NKP natural killer cell progenitor pro-natural killer cell null cell preNK cell Most markers only described for human pro NK cells. pro-NK cell true A lymphoid progenitor cell that is committed to the natural killer cell lineage, expressing CD122 (IL-15) receptor, but lacking many of the phenotypic characteristics of later stages of natural killer cell development such as expression of NK activating and inhibitory molecules. In human this cell has the phenotype CD34-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD10-positive, CD117-negative, and CD161 negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11532393 PMID:12457618 PMID:15032583 PMID:15766674 NKP PMID:12457618 PMID:15032583 PMID:15766674 null cell PMID:11532393 preNK cell PMID:11532393 CL:0000826 A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs. pre-pro B cell BTO:0003104 pro-B lymphocyte pro-B-cell pro-B-lymphocyte progenitor B cell progenitor B lymphocyte progenitor B-cell progenitor B-lymphocyte pre-B cell (Philadelphia nomenclature) Human pro-B cells are reportedly CD10-positive, CD22-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive, CD45-low, CD48-positive, CD79a-positive, CD127-positive, CD184-positive, RAG-positive, TdT-positive, Vpre-B-positive, pre-BCR-negative, IgD-negative, and IgM-negative. Transcription factors expressed: Pax5-positive, EBF-positive, E2A-negative, Ikaros-negative, and PU.1-negative. pro-B cell true A progenitor cell of the B cell lineage, with some lineage specific activity such as early stages of recombination of B cell receptor genes, but not yet fully committed to the B cell lineage until the expression of PAX5 occurs. GOC:add GOC:dsd ISBN:0781735149 PMID:12633665 PMID:16551251 PMID:18432934 pre-pro B cell PMID:17582343 pre-B cell (Philadelphia nomenclature) PMID:11244048 CL:0000827 A lymphoid progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage. pro-T lymphocyte progenitor T cell DN1 cell DN1 thymocyte TN1 cell pro-T cell true A lymphoid progenitor cell of the T cell lineage, with some lineage specific marker expression, but not yet fully committed to the T cell lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000828 A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. Note that this is a non-mammalian cell type. thromboblast true A progenitor cell of the thrombocyte, a nucleated blood cell involved in coagulation typically seen in birds and other non-mammalian vertebrates. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:7758949 CL:0000829 A myeloblast committed to the basophil lineage. basophilic myeloblast true A myeloblast committed to the basophil lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000830 A promyelocyte committed to the basophil lineage. FMA:84208 basophilic promyelocyte true A promyelocyte committed to the basophil lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000831 A progenitor cell of the mast cell lineage. Markers for this cell are FceRIa-low, CD117-positive, CD9-positive, T1/ST2-positive, SCA1-negative, and lineage-negative. MCP CFU-MC CFU-Mast colony forming unit mast cell MCP are CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD34-positive, CD45-positive, integrin beta-7-positive, and lin-negative (CD2, CD3e, CD4, CD5, CD8a, CD14, CD19, CD20, CD27, integrin alpha-M, ly6c, ly6g, NCAM-1, and ter119). These cells also express the transcription factors GATA-1, GATA-2, and MITF, but not C/EBPa. mast cell progenitor true A progenitor cell of the mast cell lineage. Markers for this cell are FceRIa-low, CD117-positive, CD9-positive, T1/ST2-positive, SCA1-negative, and lineage-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMCID:PMC1183570 PMCID:PMC1312421 PMID:8629001 PMID:9354811 http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:0000832 A myeloblast committed to the eosinophil lineage. eosinophilic myeloblast true A myeloblast committed to the eosinophil lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000833 A promyelocyte committed to the eosinophil lineage. FMA:84199 eosinophilic promyelocyte true A promyelocyte committed to the eosinophil lineage. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000834 A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage. neutrophil stem cell neutrophil progenitor cell true A progenitor cell of the neutrophil lineage. GOC:add GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 CL:0000835 The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ration (5:1-7:1), and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. They reside in the bone marrow. BTO:0000187 FMA:83524 myeloblast true The most primitive precursor in the granulocytic series, having fine, evenly distributed chromatin, several nucleoli, a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ration (5:1-7:1), and a nongranular basophilic cytoplasm. They reside in the bone marrow. GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloblast http://www.cap.org CL:0000836 A precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, that has distinct nucleoli, a nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio of 5:1 to 3:1, and containing a few primary cytoplasmic granules. Markers for this cell are fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, CD33-positive, integrin alpha-M-negative, low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-negative, and CD24-negative. CALOHA:TS-0825 FMA:83530 promyelocyte A precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myeloblast and myelocyte, that has distinct nucleoli, a nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio of 5:1 to 3:1, and containing a few primary cytoplasmic granules. Markers for this cell are fucosyltransferase FUT4-positive, CD33-positive, integrin alpha-M-negative, low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-negative, and CD24-negative. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 http://www.cap.org CL:0000837 A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell is multipotent, but not capable of long-term self-renewal. These cells are characterized as lacking lineage cell surface markers and being CD34-positive in both mice and humans. BTO:0000725 CALOHA:TS-0448 MPP hemopoietic progenitor cell Markers differ between mouse and human. hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell is multipotent, but not capable of long-term self-renewal. These cells are characterized as lacking lineage cell surface markers and being CD34-positive in both mice and humans. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0000838 A progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage. lymphoid progenitor cell BTO:0004731 CALOHA:TS-2025 FMA:70338 Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type. lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell true A progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage. GOC:add GOC:tfm CL:0000839 A progenitor cell restricted to the myeloid lineage. myeloid progenitor cell BTO:0004730 CALOHA:TS-2099 FMA:70339 Note that this is a class of cell types, not an identified single cell type. myeloid lineage restricted progenitor cell true A progenitor cell restricted to the myeloid lineage. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0000840 An immature cell of the conventional dendritic cell lineage, characterized by high levels of antigen uptake via endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis, and typically found resident in the tissues. Markers for this cell are CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHC-II-low. immature myeloid dendritic cell immature conventional dendritic cell true An immature cell of the conventional dendritic cell lineage, characterized by high levels of antigen uptake via endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis, and typically found resident in the tissues. Markers for this cell are CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHC-II-low. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:9521319 CL:0000841 A mature cell of the conventional dendritic cell lineage, characterized by a high capacity for antigen presentation and typically found in a lymph node. mature dendritic cell FMA:83038 mature myeloid dendritic cell mature conventional dendritic cell true A mature cell of the conventional dendritic cell lineage, characterized by a high capacity for antigen presentation and typically found in a lymph node. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:9521319 mature dendritic cell GOC:add CL:0000842 A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. BTO:0000878 CALOHA:TS-0768 FMA:86713 mononuclear leukocyte peripheral blood mononuclear cell mononuclear cell true A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form. GOC:add CL:0000843 A resting mature B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD23-positive and CD21-positive, and found in the B cell follicles of the white pulp of the spleen or the corticol areas of the peripheral lymph nodes. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-negative, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. Fo B cell Fo B-cell follicular B lymphocyte follicular B-cell follicular B-lymphocyte Follicular B cells are also reportedly CD48-positive, CD84-positive, CD229-positive, and CD352-positive. follicular B cell A resting mature B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD23-positive and CD21-positive, and found in the B cell follicles of the white pulp of the spleen or the corticol areas of the peripheral lymph nodes. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-negative, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd ISBN:0781735149 PMCID:PMC2193793 PMID:20933013 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicular_B_Cells CL:0000844 A rapidly cycling mature B cell that has distinct phenotypic characteristics and is involved in T-dependent immune responses and located typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes. This cell type expresses Ly77 after activation. GC B cell GC B lymphocyte GC B-cell GC B-lymphocyte germinal center B lymphocyte germinal center B-cell germinal center B-lymphocyte Germinal center B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD19-positive, CD20-positive, CD38-positive, CD44-low, CD45-positive, CD48-positive, CD95-positive, CD352-positive, and HLA-DR-positive. Transcription factors: BCL6-positive, Ets1-positive, IRF8-positive, MTA3-positive, OBF1-positive, PAX5-positive, SpiB-positive, and STAT3-positive. germinal center B cell true A rapidly cycling mature B cell that has distinct phenotypic characteristics and is involved in T-dependent immune responses and located typically in the germinal centers of lymph nodes. This cell type expresses Ly77 after activation. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0781735149 PMID:19447676 PMID:20933013 CL:0000845 A mature B cell that is located in the marginal zone of the spleen with the phenotype CD23-negative and CD21-positive and expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-high, AA4-negative, CD35-high. MZ B cell MZ B lymphocyte MZ B-cell MZ B-lymphocyte marginal zone B cell marginal zone B lymphocyte marginal zone B-cell marginal zone B-lymphocyte B cell of marginal zone of spleen marginal zone of spleen B cell MZ B cells are reportedly CD1-positive (mice), CD20-positive, CD48-positive, CD84-positive, CD150-positive, CD229-positive, and CD352-positive. marginal zone B cell of spleen true A mature B cell that is located in the marginal zone of the spleen with the phenotype CD23-negative and CD21-positive and expressing a B cell receptor usually reactive to bacterial cell wall components or senescent self components such as oxidized-LDL. This cell type is also described as being CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-high, AA4-negative, CD35-high. GOC:add GOC:dsd ISBN:0781735149 PMID:10933592 PMID:20933013 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal-zone_B_cell CL:0000846 An epithelial cell of the vestibular sensory organ that is characterized by intense enzymatic activities and numerous basal membrane infoldings. vestibular dark cell An epithelial cell of the vestibular sensory organ that is characterized by intense enzymatic activities and numerous basal membrane infoldings. PMID:11223304 CL:0000847 An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob. ciliated olfactory sensory neuron ciliated sensory neuron ciliated olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob. PMID:16841163 CL:0000848 An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a knob that bears numerous microvilli. microvillous olfactory sensory neuron microvillous sensory neuron microvillous olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a knob that bears numerous microvilli. PMID:16841163 CL:0000849 An olfactory receptor cell with short cilia growing in an invagination bordered by microvilli. crypt cell crypt olfactory sensory neuron crypt sensory neuron crypt olfactory receptor neuron An olfactory receptor cell with short cilia growing in an invagination bordered by microvilli. PMID:16841163 CL:0000850 A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. FBbt:00005133 MESH:D059326 WBbt:0006837 5-HT neuron 5-hydroxytryptamine neuron serotinergic neuron serotonergic neuron A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. SANBI:mhl CL:0000851 Neuromast mantle cell is a non-sensory cell. Neuromast mantle cells surround the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secrete cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded. neuromast mantle cell Neuromast mantle cell is a non-sensory cell. Neuromast mantle cells surround the neuromast support cells and neuromast hair cells, separating the neuromast from the epidermis, and secrete cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all the hair cells are embedded. ISBN:0125296509 CL:0000852 Neuromast support cell is a non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells. neuromast support cell neuromast supporting cell Neuromast support cell is a non-sensory cell of the neuromast that extend between the sensory hair cells from the basement membrane to the apical surface; neuromast support cells are surrounded by neuromast mantle cells. ISBN:0125296509 CL:0000853 Olfactory epithelial support cell is a columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. This cell type has a large, vertically, elongate, euchromatic nucleus, along with other nuclei, forms a layer superficial to the cell body of the receptor cell; sends long somewhat irregular microvilli into the mucus layer; at the base, with expanded end-feet containing numerous lamellated dense bodies resembling lipofuscin of neurons. FMA:62302 olfactory epithelial support cell olfactory sustentacular cell supporting cell of olfactory epithelium sustentaculocyte of olfactory epithelium olfactory epithelial supporting cell Olfactory epithelial support cell is a columnar cell that extends from the epithelial free margin to the basement membrane of the olfactory epithelium. This cell type has a large, vertically, elongate, euchromatic nucleus, along with other nuclei, forms a layer superficial to the cell body of the receptor cell; sends long somewhat irregular microvilli into the mucus layer; at the base, with expanded end-feet containing numerous lamellated dense bodies resembling lipofuscin of neurons. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 SANBI:mhl CL:0000854 Interneuromast cell is a neuroectodermal cell deposited by the migrating lateral line primordium between the neuromasts. Interneuromast cells proliferate and migrate to form additional neuromasts. interneuromast cell Interneuromast cell is a neuroectodermal cell deposited by the migrating lateral line primordium between the neuromasts. Interneuromast cells proliferate and migrate to form additional neuromasts. SANBI:mhl CL:0000855 Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. hair cell BTO:0004744 sensory hair cell Hair cell is a mechanoreceptor cell that is sensitive to movement of the hair-like projections (stereocilia and kinocilia) which relay the information centrally in the nervous system. SANBI:mhl CL:0000856 Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. neuromast hair cell Neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. SANBI:mhl CL:0000857 A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into slow muscle fibers. slow muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into slow muscle fibers. SANBI:mhl CL:0000858 A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into fast muscle fibers. fast muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that differentiates into fast muscle fibers. SANBI:mhl CL:0000859 true CL:0000860 A monocyte that responds rapidly to microbial stimuli by secreting cytokines and antimicrobial factors and which is characterized by high expression of CCR2 in both rodents and humans, negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20, and of larger size than non-classical monocytes. inflammatory monocyte Markers: CCR2+CXCCR1<low> (human, mouse, rat). classical monocyte true A monocyte that responds rapidly to microbial stimuli by secreting cytokines and antimicrobial factors and which is characterized by high expression of CCR2 in both rodents and humans, negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20, and of larger size than non-classical monocytes. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16322748 PMID:18303997 PMID:20628149 PMID:20870168 CL:0000861 A macrophage which develops from an inflammatory monocyte and is recruited into the tissues in response to injury and infection as part of an inflammatory response. Markers include CD11b-positive, CD68-positive, and F4/80-positive. FMA:84643 FMA:84645 free macrophage wandering histiocyte Markers: CD11b+, CD68+; Mouse: F4/80+; role or process: immune, inflammation (inflammatory response). elicited macrophage true A macrophage which develops from an inflammatory monocyte and is recruited into the tissues in response to injury and infection as part of an inflammatory response. Markers include CD11b-positive, CD68-positive, and F4/80-positive. GOC:add GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771589 CL:0000862 A macrophage that suppresses immune responses. Markers: May express: IL10, TGFbeta. suppressor macrophage true A macrophage that suppresses immune responses. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:20402419 CL:0000863 An elicited macrophage that is recruited into the tissues in response to injury and infection as part of an inflammatory response, expresses high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ROS and NO, and shows potent microbicidal activity. classically activated macrophage M1 macrophage Markers: Express: TNFa, IL1b, IL6, iNOS, NADPH-oxidase; produce: reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide; role or process: immune, inflammation (inflammatory response). inflammatory macrophage true An elicited macrophage that is recruited into the tissues in response to injury and infection as part of an inflammatory response, expresses high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ROS and NO, and shows potent microbicidal activity. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19132917 M1 macrophage PMID:28923980 CL:0000864 A macrophage constitutively resident in a particular tissue under non-inflammatory conditions, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. FMA:84642 FMA:84644 fixed macrophage resting histiocyte tissue-resident macrophage true A macrophage constitutively resident in a particular tissue under non-inflammatory conditions, and capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19770654 CL:0000865 A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in lamina propria of the gut. gastrointestinal system (lamina propria) macrophage macrophage of gastrointestinal system (lamina propria) macrophage of gastrointestinal tract (lamina propria) gastrointestinal tract (lamina propria) macrophage A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in lamina propria of the gut. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-0621 CL:0000866 A tissue-resident macrophage resident found in the thymus, involved in the clearance of apoptotic thymocytes. Role or process: immune, clearance of apoptotic thymocytes, antigen-presentation. thymic macrophage true A tissue-resident macrophage resident found in the thymus, involved in the clearance of apoptotic thymocytes. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9048205 CL:0000867 A tissue-resident macrophage found in a secondary lymphoid organ. secondary lymphoid organ macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage found in a secondary lymphoid organ. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000868 A secondary lymphoid organ macrophage found in a lymph node. This cell is CD169-high. MF.LN Marker was observed on rat cells. lymph node macrophage true A secondary lymphoid organ macrophage found in a lymph node. This cell is CD169-high. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11971865 CL:0000869 A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in tonsils. tonsillar macrophage A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in tonsils. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16048540 CL:0000870 A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the Peyer's patches. Peyer's patch macrophage true A gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the Peyer's patches. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000871 A secondary lymphoid organ macrophage found in the spleen. FMA:83026 Role or process: immune, clearance of apoptotic and senescent cells. splenic macrophage true A secondary lymphoid organ macrophage found in the spleen. GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771589 PMID:16322748 CL:0000872 A splenic macrophage found in the marginal zone of the spleen, involved in recognition and clearance of particulate material from the splenic circulation. Markers include F4/80-negative, MARCO-positive, SR-A-positive, SIGN-R1-positive, and Dectin2-positive. Markers: Mouse: F4/80-, MARCO+, SR-A+, SIGN-R1+, Dectin2+. splenic marginal zone macrophage true A splenic macrophage found in the marginal zone of the spleen, involved in recognition and clearance of particulate material from the splenic circulation. Markers include F4/80-negative, MARCO-positive, SR-A-positive, SIGN-R1-positive, and Dectin2-positive. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16861066 CL:0000873 A splenic macrophage found in the areas surrounding the white pulp of the spleen, adjacent to the marginal sinus. Markers include F4/80-negative, Dectin2-low, sialoadhesin-positive. Markers: Mouse: F4/80-, Dectin2-low, sialoadhesin+. splenic metallophillic macrophage true A splenic macrophage found in the areas surrounding the white pulp of the spleen, adjacent to the marginal sinus. Markers include F4/80-negative, Dectin2-low, sialoadhesin-positive. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20018690 CL:0000874 A splenic macrophage found in the red-pulp of the spleen, and involved in immune responses to blood-borne pathogens and in the clearance of senescent erythrocytes. Markers include F4/80-positive, CD68-positive, MR-positive, Dectin2-positive, macrosialin-positive, and sialoadhesin-low. Markers: Mouse: F4/80+, CD68+, MR+, Dectin2+, macrosialin+, sialoadhesin-low; role or process: immune, clearance of senescent erythrocytes. splenic red pulp macrophage true A splenic macrophage found in the red-pulp of the spleen, and involved in immune responses to blood-borne pathogens and in the clearance of senescent erythrocytes. Markers include F4/80-positive, CD68-positive, MR-positive, Dectin2-positive, macrosialin-positive, and sialoadhesin-low. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19644016 CL:0000875 A type of monocyte characterized by low expression of CCR2, low responsiveness to monocyte chemoattractant CCL2/MCP1, low phagocytic activity, and decrease size relative to classical monocytes, but increased co-stimulatory activity. May also play a role in tissue repair. patrolling monocyte resident monocyte Markers: CCR2-CX3CCR1+ (human, mouse, rat); human: CD16+, CCR5+, CD32/FcgRII-high, MHCII+, CD86+; mouse: CD62L-Ly6C-. non-classical monocyte true A type of monocyte characterized by low expression of CCR2, low responsiveness to monocyte chemoattractant CCL2/MCP1, low phagocytic activity, and decrease size relative to classical monocytes, but increased co-stimulatory activity. May also play a role in tissue repair. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16322748 PMID:18303997 PMID:20628149 PMID:20870168 CL:0000876 A splenic macrophage found in the white pulp of the spleen. Markers include F4/80-negative, CD68-positive, and macrosialin-positive. Markers: Mouse: F4/80-, CD68+, macrosialin+. splenic white pulp macrophage true A splenic macrophage found in the white pulp of the spleen. Markers include F4/80-negative, CD68-positive, and macrosialin-positive. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11207597 CL:0000877 A splenic white pulp macrophage found in and around the germinal centers of the white pulp of the spleen that participates in phagocytosis of apoptotic B cells from the germinal centers. A marker for a cell of this type is Mertk-positive. splenic tingible body macrophage true A splenic white pulp macrophage found in and around the germinal centers of the white pulp of the spleen that participates in phagocytosis of apoptotic B cells from the germinal centers. A marker for a cell of this type is Mertk-positive. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19631584 CL:0000878 A tissue-resident macrophage found in the central nervous system. CNS macrophage central nervous system macrophage true A tissue-resident macrophage found in the central nervous system. GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16322748 CL:0000879 A central nervous system macrophage found in the meninges (the three membranes that surround the brain). This macrophage types is highly phagocytic and expresses scavenger receptors. meningeal macrophage true A central nervous system macrophage found in the meninges (the three membranes that surround the brain). This macrophage types is highly phagocytic and expresses scavenger receptors. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11591794 CL:0000880 A central nervous system macrophage found at the interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. This cell expresses scavenger receptors. choroid-plexus macrophage true A central nervous system macrophage found at the interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. This cell expresses scavenger receptors. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9550136 CL:0000881 A central nervous system macrophage found in small blood vessels in the brain. Markers include CD14+CD16+CD163+. Markers: Human/monkey, mice: CD163. Human: CD14+CD16+CD163+. perivascular macrophage true A central nervous system macrophage found in small blood vessels in the brain. Markers include CD14+CD16+CD163+. GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16507898 CL:0000882 A thymic macrophage found in the thymic medulla. thymic medullary macrophage true A thymic macrophage found in the thymic medulla. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9048205 CL:0000883 A thymic macrophage found in the thymic cortex. thymic cortical macrophage true A thymic macrophage found in the thymic cortex. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9048205 CL:0000884 A tissue-resident macrophage found in the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage true A tissue-resident macrophage found in the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19906191 CL:0000885 A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the gut. gut-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage true A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the gut. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19906191 CL:0000886 A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the nasal and bronchial mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. nasal and broncial associated lymphoid tissue macrophage true A mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue macrophage found in the nasal and bronchial mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues. GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16048540 CL:0000887 A lymph node macrophage found in the subcapsular sinus of lymph nodes that participates in sensing, clearance, and antigen presentation of lymph-borne particulate antigens. This macrophage is capable of activating invaraint NKT cells and is CD169-positive. lymph node subcapsular sinus macrophage true A lymph node macrophage found in the subcapsular sinus of lymph nodes that participates in sensing, clearance, and antigen presentation of lymph-borne particulate antigens. This macrophage is capable of activating invaraint NKT cells and is CD169-positive. GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:14668803 PMID:17934446 PMID:20228797 CL:0000888 A lymph node macrophage found in the cortex of lymph nodes, in particular in and around the germinal centers, and that participates in phagocytosis of apoptotic B cells from the germinal centers. lymph node tingible body macrophage true A lymph node macrophage found in the cortex of lymph nodes, in particular in and around the germinal centers, and that participates in phagocytosis of apoptotic B cells from the germinal centers. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19631584 CL:0000889 An immature myeloid leukocyte of heterogeneous phenotype found particularly in cancer and sepsis patients that is capable of suppressing activity of T cells in ex vivo assays. This cell type is CD45-positive, CD11b-positive. Markers: Mouse: CD11b+GR1+CD31+; Human: CD34+ CD33+CD15-CD13+. (According to some reports in humans these cells are iNOS+ARG1+IL13+IFNg+); location: In cancerous tissue; in the blood and lymphoid organs in sepsis. myeloid suppressor cell true An immature myeloid leukocyte of heterogeneous phenotype found particularly in cancer and sepsis patients that is capable of suppressing activity of T cells in ex vivo assays. This cell type is CD45-positive, CD11b-positive. GOC:add GOC:ana GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16168663 PMID:17016554 PMID:17016559 CL:0000890 An elicited macrophage characterized by low production of pro-inflammatory and Th1 polarizing cytokines and high expression of arginase-1, and associated with tissue remodelling. M2 macrophage Role or process: tissue remodeling. alternatively activated macrophage true An elicited macrophage characterized by low production of pro-inflammatory and Th1 polarizing cytokines and high expression of arginase-1, and associated with tissue remodelling. GOC:ana GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20510870 M2 macrophage PMID:28923980 CL:0000891 A type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. BTO:0003872 FMA:83586 MESH:D005487 foam cell A type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. GOC:add CL:0000892 A type of foam cell derived from a smooth muscle cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. smooth muscle cell derived foam cell A type of foam cell derived from a smooth muscle cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherolosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions. GOC:add PMID:30664015 CL:0000893 An immature T cell located in the thymus. immature T cell immature T lymphocyte immature T-cell immature T-lymphocyte BTO:0001372 CALOHA:TS-1042 FMA:72202 MESH:D060168 XAO:0003159 thymic lymphocyte thymocyte true An immature T cell located in the thymus. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:12415312 CL:0000894 A pro-T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-negative. DN1 thymic pro-T lymphocyte DN1 thymic pro-T-cell DN1 thymic pro-T-lymphocyte DN1 thymic progenitor T cell DN1 thymocyte double negative 1 preT.DN1.Th DN1 thymic pro-T cell true A pro-T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-negative. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000895 An antigen inexperienced CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive and CD62L-positive. This cell type develops in the thymus. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high, and CD44-low. naive CD4+ T cell T.4Nve.Sp Th0 naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte These cells have not been exposed to antigen following thymic T-cell selection; found in blood and secondary lymphoid organs. This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'naive CD4+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on naive CD4+ T cells. naive thymus-derived CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell true An antigen inexperienced CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive and CD62L-positive. This cell type develops in the thymus. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high, and CD44-low. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19100699 PMID:22343568 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html naive CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 Th0 GOC:tfm CL:0000896 A recently activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive. activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell true A recently activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000897 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte T4.Mem.Sp CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. GOC:add ISBN:0781735149 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0000898 Mature T cell not yet exposed to antigen with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD45RA-positive, and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. naive T lymphocyte naive T-cell naive T-lymphocyte naive T cell true Mature T cell not yet exposed to antigen with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD45RA-positive, and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19100699 CL:0000899 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, and capable of producing IL-17. MESH:D058504 IL-17-producing CD4+ T helper T helper cells type 17 T(H)-17 cell Th17 CD4+ T cell Th17 T cell Th17 T lymphocyte Th17 T-cell Th17 T-lymphocyte Th17 cell helper T cell type 17 This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'Th17 CD4+ T cell', but its logical definition includes additional known characteristics of T-helper 17 T cells. T-helper 17 cell true CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, and capable of producing IL-17. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20303875 PMID:20969597 PMID:22343568 Th17 CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000900 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has not experienced activation via antigen contact and has the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CCR7-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. naive CD8+ T cell naive thymus-dervied CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte naive thymus-dervied CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell naive thymus-dervied CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte T.8Nve.Sp This cell traffics in secondary lymphoid organs and blood. This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'naive CD8+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on naive CD8+ T cells. naive thymus-derived CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has not experienced activation via antigen contact and has the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CCR7-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD62L-high and CD44-low. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:22343568 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html naive CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000901 CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with regulatory function that produces IL-10. T-regulatory T cell type 1 Tr1 T cell Tr1 T lymphocyte Tr1 T-cell Tr1 T-lymphocyte These cells are reportedly induced by IL-10 and are capable of producing IFN-gamma, IL-5, IL-10, and TGF-beta.) Tr1 cell CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with regulatory function that produces IL-10. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16903904 CL:0000902 CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD25-positive, CTLA-4-positive, and FoxP3-positive with regulatory function. iTreg induced Treg induced regulatory T cell induced regulatory T lymphocyte induced regulatory T-cell induced regulatory T-lymphocyte aTreg adaptive Treg induced T-regulatory cell true CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD25-positive, CTLA-4-positive, and FoxP3-positive with regulatory function. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19464985 CL:0000903 CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype FoxP3-positive, CD25-positive, CD62L-positive, and CTLA-4 positive with regulatory function. nTreg natural Treg natural regulatory T cell natural regulatory T lymphocyte natural regulatory T-cell natural regulatory T-lymphocyte natural T-regulatory cell true CD4-positive alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype FoxP3-positive, CD25-positive, CD62L-positive, and CTLA-4 positive with regulatory function. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19464985 CL:0000904 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. central memory CD4+ T cell central CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell central CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte central CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell central CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'central memory CD4+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on central memory CD4+ T cells. central memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell true CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:22343568 central memory CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000905 CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. effector memory CD4+ T cell effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'effector memory CD4+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on effector memory CD4+ T cells. effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell true CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:22343568 effector memory CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000906 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, CD25-positive, and CCR7-negative. activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, CD25-positive, and CCR7-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000907 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. central memory CD8+ T cell central CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell central CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte central CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell central CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'central memory CD8+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on central memory CD8+ T cells. central memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell true CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-positive, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20146720 PMID:22343568 central memory CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000908 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive, that secretes cytokines. CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T-lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytokine secreting effector T cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive, that secretes cytokines. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20146720 CL:0000909 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte T.8Mem.Sp CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has differentiated into a memory T cell. GOC:add PMID:20146720 CL:0000910 A mature T cell that differentiated and acquired cytotoxic function with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme-B positive. BTO:0000289 CALOHA:TS-0190 FMA:70573 cytotoxic T lymphocyte cytotoxic T-cell cytotoxic T-lymphocyte cytotoxic T cell true A mature T cell that differentiated and acquired cytotoxic function with the phenotype perforin-positive and granzyme-B positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18395547 CL:0000911 A differentiated T cell with ability to traffic to peripheral tissues and is capable of mounting a specific immune response. effector T lymphocyte effector T-cell effector T-lymphocyte effector T cell true A differentiated T cell with ability to traffic to peripheral tissues and is capable of mounting a specific immune response. GOC:PAM-ADD GOC:tfm ISBN:0877799148 PMID:18395547 CL:0000912 A effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells. BTO:0002417 MESH:D006377 T-helper cell helper T lymphocyte helper T-cell helper T-lymphocyte helper T cell true A effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18395547 CL:0000913 CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. effector memory CD8+ T cell effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'effector memory CD8+ T cell', but includes additional markers known to be expressed on effector memory CD8+ T cells. effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell true CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20146720 PMID:22343568 effector memory CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000914 An immature alpha-beta T-cell that express Egr2. These cells give rise to T cells expressing NK markers. immature NK T lymphocyte immature NK T-cell immature NK T-lymphocyte immature NKT cell immature NK T cell true An immature alpha-beta T-cell that express Egr2. These cells give rise to T cells expressing NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17589542 PMID:19169262 CL:0000915 An alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell with the phenotype CD8-alpha-alpha-positive located in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells have a memory phenotype of CD2-negative and CD5-negative. CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD8-alpha-alpha-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true An alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell with the phenotype CD8-alpha-alpha-positive located in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. These cells have a memory phenotype of CD2-negative and CD5-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11685222 CL:0000916 A mature gamma-delta T cell located in the epidermis that regulates wound healing. DETC dendritic epidermal T lymphocyte dendritic epidermal T-cell dendritic epidermal T-lymphocyte In mice, DETC have an invariant T cell receptor. dendritic epidermal T cell true A mature gamma-delta T cell located in the epidermis that regulates wound healing. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11976459 CL:0000917 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive, eomesodermin-positive, CXCR3-positive, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interferon-gamma. BTO:0004793 BTO:0004888 FMA:84793 CD8-positive Th1 cell T-cytotoxic T cell type 1 Tc1 CD8+ T cell Tc1 T cell Tc1 T lymphocyte Tc1 T-cell Tc1 T-lymphocyte Th1 CD8-positive T cell Th1 non-TFH CD8-positive T cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'Tc1 CD8+ T cell', but its logical definition includes additional known characteristics of Tc1 T cells. Tc1 cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive, eomesodermin-positive, CXCR3-positive, CCR6-negative, and is capable of producing interferon-gamma. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:22343568 PMID:9914231 Tc1 CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000918 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell expressing GATA-3 and secreting IL-4. BTO:0004794 FMA:84794 CD8-positive Th2 cell T-cytotoxic T cell type 2 Tc2 T cell Tc2 T lymphocyte Tc2 T-cell Tc2 T-lymphocyte Th2 CD8-positive T cell Th2 non-TFH CD8-positive T cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'non-Tc1/Tc17 CD8+ T cell' (see CL:0001052), but includes the additional necessary and sufficient conditions to allow classification as a Tc2 T cell. Tc2 cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive T cell expressing GATA-3 and secreting IL-4. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9914231 CL:0000919 A CD8-positive alpha beta-positive T cell with the phenotype FoxP3-positive and having suppressor function. CD8+CD25+ T cell CD8+CD25+ T lymphocyte CD8+CD25+ T(reg) CD8+CD25+ T-cell CD8+CD25+ T-lymphocyte CD8+CD25+ Treg CD8-positive, CD25-positive Treg CD8-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD8-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD8-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte CD8-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell true A CD8-positive alpha beta-positive T cell with the phenotype FoxP3-positive and having suppressor function. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19118505 CL:0000920 CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive regulatory T cell with the phenotype CD28-negative and FoxP3-positive. CD8+CD28- T cell CD8+CD28- T lymphocyte CD8+CD28- T(reg) CD8+CD28- T-cell CD8+CD28- T-lymphocyte CD8+CD28- Treg CD8-positive, CD28-negative T(reg) CD8-positive, CD28-negative Treg CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte CD8-positive, CD28-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cell true CD8-positive, alpha-beta positive regulatory T cell with the phenotype CD28-negative and FoxP3-positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19118505 CL:0000921 An alpha-beta T cell expressing NK cell markers that is CD1d restricted and expresses specific V-alpha chains. NK T cells of this type recognize the glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide in the context of CD1d. classical NK T cell type I NK T lymphocyte type I NK T-cell type I NK T-lymphocyte type I NKT cell invariant NK T cell In mouse the canonical TCR is V-alpha-14, and in humans it is V-alpha 24. type I NK T cell true An alpha-beta T cell expressing NK cell markers that is CD1d restricted and expresses specific V-alpha chains. NK T cells of this type recognize the glycolipid alpha-galactosylceramide in the context of CD1d. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15039760 CL:0000922 An alpha-beta T cell expressing NK call markers that is CD1d restricted and expresses a diverse TCR repertoire. Type II NKT cells do not become activated by alpha-galactosylceramide when presented by CD1d. type II NK T lymphocyte type II NK T-cell type II NK T-lymphocyte type II NKT cell type II NK T cell true An alpha-beta T cell expressing NK call markers that is CD1d restricted and expresses a diverse TCR repertoire. Type II NKT cells do not become activated by alpha-galactosylceramide when presented by CD1d. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15039760 CL:0000923 A type I NK T cell that has the phenotype CD4-positive. CD4-positive type I NK T lymphocyte CD4-positive type I NK T-cell CD4-positive type I NK T-lymphocyte CD4-positive type I NKT cell NKT.4+.SP CD4-positive type I NK T cell true A type I NK T cell that has the phenotype CD4-positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000924 A type I NK T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative and CD8-negative. CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T lymphocyte CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-cell CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-lymphocyte CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NKT cell NKT.4-.Sp CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell true A type I NK T cell that has the phenotype CD4-negative and CD8-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18997862 CL:0000925 A type I NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and IL-4, and has the phenotype CD4-positive, CD69-positive, and downregulated NK markers. activated CD4-positive type I NK T lymphocyte activated CD4-positive type I NK T-cell activated CD4-positive type I NK T-lymphocyte activated CD4-positive type I NKT cell activated CD4-positive type I NK T cell A type I NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and IL-4, and has the phenotype CD4-positive, CD69-positive, and downregulated NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000926 A mature NK T cell that secretes interferon-gamma and enhances type 1 immune responses. CD4-positive type I NK T cell secreting IFN-gamma CD4-positive type I NK T lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma CD4-positive type I NK T-cell secreting interferon-gamma CD4-positive type I NK T-lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma CD4-positive type I NKT cell secreting interferon-gamma CD4-positive type I NK T cell secreting interferon-gamma A mature NK T cell that secretes interferon-gamma and enhances type 1 immune responses. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000927 A mature NK T cell that predominantly secretes type 2 cytokines such as interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 and enhances type 2 immune responses. CD4-positive type I NK T cell secreting IL-4 CD4-positive type I NK T lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 CD4-positive type I NK T-cell secreting interleukin-4 CD4-positive type I NK T-lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 CD4-positive type I NKT cell secreting interleukin-4 CD4-positive type I NK T cell secreting interleukin-4 A mature NK T cell that predominantly secretes type 2 cytokines such as interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 and enhances type 2 immune responses. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000928 A type I NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and interleukin-4, and has phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD69-positive, and downregulated NK markers. activated CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T lymphocyte activated CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-cell activated CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-lymphocyte activated CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NKT cell activated CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell A type I NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and interleukin-4, and has phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD69-positive, and downregulated NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000929 A mature NK T cell that secretes interferon-gamma and enhances Th1 immune responses. CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell secreting IFN-gamma CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-cell secreting interferon-gamma CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NKT cell secreting interferon-gamma CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell secreting interferon-gamma A mature NK T cell that secretes interferon-gamma and enhances Th1 immune responses. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000930 A mature NK T cell that secretes interleukin-4 and enhances Th2 immune responses. CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell secreting IL-4 CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-cell secreting interleukin-4 CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T-lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NKT cell secreting interleukin-4 CD4-negative, CD8-negative type I NK T cell secreting interleukin-4 A mature NK T cell that secretes interleukin-4 and enhances Th2 immune responses. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17303398 CL:0000931 A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and interleukin-4, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. activated type II NK T lymphocyte activated type II NK T-cell activated type II NK T-lymphocyte activated type II NKT cell activated type II NK T cell true A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma and interleukin-4, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17964217 CL:0000932 A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. type II NK T cell secreting IFN-gamma type II NK T lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma type II NK T-cell secreting interferon-gamma type II NK T-lymphocyte secreting interferon-gamma type II NKT cell secreting interferon-gamma type II NK T cell secreting interferon-gamma true A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interferon-gamma, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17964217 CL:0000933 A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interleukin-4, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. type II NK T cell secreting IL-4 type II NK T lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 type II NK T-cell secreting interleukin-4 type II NK T-lymphocyte secreting interleukin-4 type II NKT cell secreting interleukin-4 type II NK T cell secreting interleukin-4 true A type II NK T cell that has been recently activated, secretes interleukin-4, and has the phenotype CD69-positive and downregulated NK markers. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17964217 CL:0000934 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has cytotoxic function. CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-cell CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T-lymphocyte CD4-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell true A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has cytotoxic function. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18440213 CL:0000935 A CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T lymphocyte CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-cell CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T-lymphocyte CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true A CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell that is found in the columnar epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11685222 CL:0000936 A lymphoid progenitor cell that is found in bone marrow, gives rise to B cells, T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells, and has the phenotype Lin-negative, Kit-positive, Sca-1-positive, FLT3-positive, CD34-positive, CD150 negative, and GlyA-negative. lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitor ELP GMLP LMPP Markers are associated with mouse cells. ELP transcription factors include E2A-positive, Ikaros-positive, EBF-negative, Pax5-negative, PU.1-negative. early lymphoid progenitor true A lymphoid progenitor cell that is found in bone marrow, gives rise to B cells, T cells, natural killer cells and dendritic cells, and has the phenotype Lin-negative, Kit-positive, Sca-1-positive, FLT3-positive, CD34-positive, CD150 negative, and GlyA-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19022770 ELP GMLP PMID:18371378 LMPP CL:0000937 Cell committed to natural killer cell lineage that has the phenotype CD122-positive, CD34-positive, and CD117-positive. This cell type lacks expression of natural killer receptor proteins. pre-NK cell These cells are also reportedly CD7-low, CD10-negative, CD45RA-positive, alpha-4-beta-7 integrin-high. pre-natural killer cell Cell committed to natural killer cell lineage that has the phenotype CD122-positive, CD34-positive, and CD117-positive. This cell type lacks expression of natural killer receptor proteins. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:17100874 CL:0000938 NK cell that has the phenotype CD56-bright, CD16-negative, and CD84-positive with the function to secrete interferon-gamma but is not cytotoxic. CD16-CD56bright NK cell CD16-negative, CD56-bright NK cell CD56-bright cytokine secreting NK cell CD56-bright cytokine secreting natural killer cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'CD16-CD56bright NK cell'. Markers are associated with human cell types. CD16-negative, CD56-bright natural killer cell, human NK cell that has the phenotype CD56-bright, CD16-negative, and CD84-positive with the function to secrete interferon-gamma but is not cytotoxic. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19796267 PMID:22343568 CD16-CD56bright NK cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000939 A mature natural killer cell that has the phenotype CD56-low, CD16-positive and which is capable of cytotoxicity and cytokine production. CD16+CD56+ NK cell CD16-positive, CD56-dim NK cell CD16-positive, CD56-low NK cell CD16-positive, CD56-low natural killer cell CD16-positive, CD56-positive NK cell CD16-positive, CD56-positive natural killer cell cytotoxic CD56-dim NK cell cytotoxic CD56-dim natural killer cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'CD16+CD56+ NK cell'. Markers are associated with human cell types. CD16-positive, CD56-dim natural killer cell, human A mature natural killer cell that has the phenotype CD56-low, CD16-positive and which is capable of cytotoxicity and cytokine production. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19796267 PMID:22343568 CD16+CD56+ NK cell PMID:22343568 CL:0000940 An alpha-beta T cell that is found in the lamina propria of mucosal tissues and is restricted by the MR-1 molecule. mucosal invariant T lymphocyte mucosal invariant T-cell mucosal invariant T-lymphocyte mucosal invariant T cell true An alpha-beta T cell that is found in the lamina propria of mucosal tissues and is restricted by the MR-1 molecule. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19416870 CL:0000941 A dendritic cell arising in thymus that has the phenotype CD11c-positive, CD11b-negative, and CD45RA-negative. In the mouse this cell expresses CD8-alpha-alpha. thymic conventional dendritic cell true A dendritic cell arising in thymus that has the phenotype CD11c-positive, CD11b-negative, and CD45RA-negative. GOC:add GOC:pam GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19273629 CL:0000942 A plasmacytoid dendritic cell developing in the thymus with phenotype CD11c-negative or low, CD45RA-positive, CD11b-negative, and CD123-positive. thymic plasmacytoid dendritic cell true A plasmacytoid dendritic cell developing in the thymus with phenotype CD11c-negative or low, CD45RA-positive, CD11b-negative, and CD123-positive. GOC:add GOC:pam GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:19941119 CL:0000943 A Be cell that facilitates development of T-helper 1 (Th1) phenotype in CD4-positive T cells, and secretes high levels of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. B effector 1 cell B effector cell type 1 Be1 cells are also reportedly capable of secreting IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12. They are also reportedly CD11b-negative and B220-positive. Be1 Cell true A Be cell that facilitates development of T-helper 1 (Th1) phenotype in CD4-positive T cells, and secretes high levels of interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11101868 PMID:20224569 B effector 1 cell PMID:11101868 PMID:20224569 CL:0000944 A Be cell that facilitates development of T-helper 2 (Th2) phenotype T cells, and secretes high levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and interleukin-6. B effector 2 cell B effector cell type 2 Be2 cells are also reportedly capable of secreting IL-13 and TNF. They are also reportedly CD11b-negative and B220-positive. Be2 cell true A Be cell that facilitates development of T-helper 2 (Th2) phenotype T cells, and secretes high levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and interleukin-6. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11101868 PMID:20224569 B effector 2 cell PMID:11101868 PMID:20224569 CL:0000945 A lymphocyte of B lineage with the commitment to express an immunoglobulin complex. Types of B lineage lymphocytes include B cells and antibody secreting cells (plasmablasts and plasma cells). Lymphocytes of B cell lineage can be distinguished from those of T cell lineage by their lack of CD3e (as part of the T cell receptor complex). lymphocyte of B lineage true A lymphocyte of B lineage with the commitment to express an immunoglobulin complex. GOC:add GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000946 A lymphocyte of B lineage that is devoted to secreting large amounts of immunoglobulin. antibody secreting cell true A lymphocyte of B lineage that is devoted to secreting large amounts of immunoglobulin. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0721601464 ISBN:0781735149 CL:0000947 A long lived plasma cell that secretes IgE. IgE plasma cell true A long lived plasma cell that secretes IgE. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000948 A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgE on the cell surface. IgE memory B lymphocyte IgE memory B-cell IgE memory B-lymphocyte memory IgE B cell memory IgE B lymphocyte memory IgE B-cell memory IgE B-lymphocyte IgE memory B cell true A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgE on the cell surface. GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 CL:0000949 A plasmablast that secretes IgD, and which occur in a small proportion of B cells in the adult. IgD plasmablast true A plasmablast that secretes IgD, and which occur in a small proportion of B cells in the adult. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000950 A plasmablast that secretes IgE. IgE plasmablast true A plasmablast that secretes IgE. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000951 A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgE. IgE short lived plasma cell true A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgE. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000952 An preBRC-positive large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-positive, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB , Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu) on the cell surface. preBCR-positive large pre-B-II cell true An preBRC-positive large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-positive, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB , Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu) on the cell surface. GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9785673 CL:0000953 A pre-BCR-negative large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-negative, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB and Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu), on the cell surface, and lack a DNA rearrangement of immunoglobulin light chain genes. preBCR-negative large pre-B-II cell true A pre-BCR-negative large pre-B-II cell is a large pre-B-II cell that is pre-B cell receptor-negative, composed of surrogate light chain protein (SL), which is composed of VpreB and Lambda 5/14.1, in complex with immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu), on the cell surface, and lack a DNA rearrangement of immunoglobulin light chain genes. GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9785673 CL:0000954 A small pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is Rag1-positive, Rag2-positive, pre-BCR-negative, and BCR-negative, is not proliferating, and carries a DNA rearrangement of one or more immunoglobulin light chain genes. small pre-BII cell Small pre-B-II cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD19-positive, CD34-negative, CD79a-positive, CD127-negative, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-negative, sIgM-negative, and sIgD-negative. Transcription factors: PU.1-positive, Ikaros-positive, E2A-positive, and PAX5-positive. small pre-B-II cell true A small pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is Rag1-positive, Rag2-positive, pre-BCR-negative, and BCR-negative, is not proliferating, and carries a DNA rearrangement of one or more immunoglobulin light chain genes. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:18432934 PMID:9785673 CL:0000955 A pre-B-II cell is a precursor B cell that expresses immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu+), and lack expression of CD34, TdT, immunoglobulin kappa light chain and immunoglobulin lambda light chain. BTO:0001133 CALOHA:TS-0819 pre-B-lymphocyte pre-BII cell pre-B-II cell are also reportedly CD19-positive, CD22-positive, CD38-positive, CD45-positive, and CD48-positive. pre-B-II cell true A pre-B-II cell is a precursor B cell that expresses immunoglobulin mu heavy chain (IgHmu+), and lack expression of CD34, TdT, immunoglobulin kappa light chain and immunoglobulin lambda light chain. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9785673 CL:0000956 A pre-B-I cell is a precursor B cell that expresses CD34 and surrogate immunoglobulin light chain (VpreB , Lambda 5 (mouse)/14.1 (human)) on the cell surface, and TdT, Rag1,and Rag2 intracellularly. Cell type carries a D-JH DNA rearrangement, and lacks expression of immunglobulin heavy chain protein. pre-BI cell pro-B cell (Philadelphia nomenclature) Human pre-B-I cells are reportedly CD10-positive, CD19-positive, CD22-positive, CD38-positive, CD45-low, CD79a-positive, CD127-negative, pre-BCR-negative, IgM-negative, IgD-negative, and Tdt-positive. Transcription factors expressed: Pax5-positive. pre-B-I cell true A pre-B-I cell is a precursor B cell that expresses CD34 and surrogate immunoglobulin light chain (VpreB , Lambda 5 (mouse)/14.1 (human)) on the cell surface, and TdT, Rag1,and Rag2 intracellularly. Cell type carries a D-JH DNA rearrangement, and lacks expression of immunglobulin heavy chain protein. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:18432934 PMID:20839338 PMID:9785673 pro-B cell (Philadelphia nomenclature) PMID:11244048 CL:0000957 A large pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is proliferating and is Rag1-negative and Rag2-negative. large pre-B cell large pre-BII cell Large pre-B-II cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD19-positive, CD34-negative, CD79a-positive, CD127-negative, TdT-negative, Vpre-B-positive, pre-BCR-positive, sIgM-negative, and sIgD-negative. Transcription factors: PU.1-positive, Ikaros-positive, E2A-positive, and PAX5-positive. large pre-B-II cell true A large pre-B-II cell is a pre-B-II cell that is proliferating and is Rag1-negative and Rag2-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:18432934 PMID:9785673 large pre-B cell PMID:11244048 CL:0000958 A transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen. This cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-negative. T1 B lymphocyte T1 B-cell T1 B-lymphocyte transitional stage 1 B cell T1 B cells are also reportedly CD10-negative/positive??, CD20-positive, CD24-positive, CD38-positive, CD48-positive, CD84-positive, CD150-positive, CD244-negative, and CD352-positive. T1 B cell true A transitional stage B cell that migrates from the bone marrow into the peripheral circulation, and finally to the spleen. This cell type has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-negative, CD21-negative, CD23-negative, and CD62L-negative, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2193793 PMID:12810111 CL:0000959 A transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, CD93-positive and is located in the splenic B follicles. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive. T2 B lymphocyte T2 B-cell T2 B-lymphocyte transitional stage 2 B cell T2 B cells are also reportedly CD20-positive, CD24-positive, CD38-positive, CD48-positive, CD84-positive, CD150-positive, CD244-negative, and CD352-positive. T2 B cell true A transitional stage B cell that has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-postive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-negative, CD93-positive and is located in the splenic B follicles. This cell type has also been described as IgM-high, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2193793 PMID:12810111 CL:0000960 A transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L. This cell type appears to be an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-positive, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-low, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive (i.e. this cell-type is distinguished from T2 cells by surface expression of IgM). An1 B cell T3 B lymphocyte T3 B-cell T3 B-lymphocyte transitional stage 3 B cell T3 B cell true A transitional stage B cell that expresses surface IgM and IgD, and CD62L. This cell type appears to be an anergic B cell that does not proliferate upon BCR signaling, is found in the spleen and lymph nodes, and has the phenotype surface IgM-positive, surface IgD-positive, CD21-positive, CD23-positive, CD62L-positive, and CD93-positive. This cell type has also been described as IgM-low, CD19-positive, B220-positive, AA4-positive, and CD23-positive (i.e. this cell-type is distinguished from T2 cells by surface expression of IgM). GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:12810111 PMID:17174121 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html An1 B cell PMID:17174121 CL:0000961 A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive, CD23-negative, and CD38-negative. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas through interaction with interdigitating dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD4-positive T cells. Bm1 B lymphocyte Bm1 B-cell Bm1 B-lymphocyte These cells are also reportedly CD10-negative, CD39-positive, CD44-positive, CD71-negative, CD77-negative, IgM-positive, IgG-negative, IgA-negative, and IgE-negative. Bm1 B cell true A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive, CD23-negative, and CD38-negative. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas through interaction with interdigitating dendritic cells and antigen-specific CD4-positive T cells. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17992590 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 CL:0000962 A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive and CD23-positive and CD38-positive. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas via interaction with dendritic cells and antigen specific T cells. Bm2 B lymphocyte Bm2 B-cell Bm2 B-lymphocyte These cells are also CD10-negative, CD39-positive, CD44-positive, CD71-negative, CD77-negative, IgM-positive, IgG-negative, IgA-negative, and IgE-negative. Bm2 B cell true A follicular B cell that is IgD-positive and CD23-positive and CD38-positive. This naive cell type is activated in the extrafollicular areas via interaction with dendritic cells and antigen specific T cells. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17992590 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 CL:0000963 A germinal center B cell that develops from a Bm3 B cell. This cell has the phenotype IgM-negative, IgD-positive, and CD38-positive. Bm3-delta B lymphocyte Bm3-delta B-cell Bm3-delta B-lymphocyte Bm3-delta B cell true A germinal center B cell that develops from a Bm3 B cell. This cell has the phenotype IgM-negative, IgD-positive, and CD38-positive. GOC:add GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:9280752 CL:0000964 A germinal center B cell that founds a germinal center, and has the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and CD23-negative. Bm2' B lymphocyte Bm2' B-cell Bm2-prime B cell Bm2-prime B-lymphocyte germinal center founder cell Bm2' B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD39-negative, CD44-negative, CD71-positive, CD77-negative, IgM-positive, IgG-negative, IgA-negative, and IgE-negative. Bm2' B cell true A germinal center B cell that founds a germinal center, and has the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and CD23-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17992590 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 CL:0000965 A germinal center B cell that is rapidly dividing and has the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and CD77-positive. Somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin V gene region can occur during proliferation of this cell type. Bm3 B lymphocyte Bm3 B-cell Bm3 B-lymphocyte centroblast Bm3 B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD23-negative, CD39-negative, CD44-negative, CD71-positive, and CD77-positive. Bm3 B cell true A germinal center B cell that is rapidly dividing and has the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and CD77-positive. Somatic hypermutation of the immunoglobulin V gene region can occur during proliferation of this cell type. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 centroblast PMID:8006591 CL:0000966 A germinal center B cell that has the phenotype CD77-negative, IgD-negative, and CD38-positive. These cells have undergone somatic mutation of the B cell receptor. Bm4 B lymphocyte Bm4 B-cell Bm4 B-lymphocyte centrocyte Bm4 B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD23-negative, CD39-negative, CD44-positive, and CD71-positive. Bm4 B cell true A germinal center B cell that has the phenotype CD77-negative, IgD-negative, and CD38-positive. These cells have undergone somatic mutation of the B cell receptor. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 centrocyte PMID:17992590 CL:0000967 A memory B cell arising in the germinal center that is IgD-negative and has undergone somatic mutation of the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes. Bm5 B lymphocyte Bm5 B-cell Bm5 B-lymphocyte Bm5 B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD23-negative, CD38-negative, CD39-positive, CD44-positive, CD71-positive, and CD77-negative. Bm5 B cell A memory B cell arising in the germinal center that is IgD-negative and has undergone somatic mutation of the variable region of the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:18432934 PMID:8006591 CL:0000968 A mature B cell that produces cytokines that can influence CD4 T cell differentiation. B effector cell effector B cell effector B lymphocyte effector B-cell effector B-lymphocyte Be cell true A mature B cell that produces cytokines that can influence CD4 T cell differentiation. GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:11101868 PMID:20224569 CL:0000969 A mature B cell that has the phenotype CD1d-positive and expresses interleukin-10. This cell type has been associated with suppression of chronic inflammatory responses and T cell responses. B(reg) B10 cell Breg regulatory B lymphocyte regulatory B-cell regulatory B-lymphocyte Regulatory B cells reportedly represent 1-2% of the spleen and 7-8% of the peritoneal B220-positive cells in mice. They are also found in the bone marrow, lymph node, and blood of mice. These cells are also reportedly capable of secreting IL-10 and are reportedly CD5-positive, CD21-positive, CD24-positive, CD93-negative, B220-positive, IgM-positive, and IgD-positive. regulatory B cell true A mature B cell that has the phenotype CD1d-positive and expresses interleukin-10. This cell type has been associated with suppression of chronic inflammatory responses and T cell responses. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 MESH:D060151 PMID:11869683 PMID:18482568 PMID:20224569 PMID:20809522 CL:0000970 An unswitched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD27-positive, CD138-negative, IgG-negative, IgE-negative, and IgA-negative. IgD+ memory B cell non-class-switched memory B cell unswitched memory B lymphocyte unswitched memory B-cell unswitched memory B-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'IgD+ memory B cell'. Per DSD: Unswitched memory B cells are also reportedly CD48-positive, CD84-positive, CD229-positive, and CD352-positive. unswitched memory B cell true An unswitched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has the phenotype IgM-positive, IgD-positive, CD27-positive, CD138-negative, IgG-negative, IgE-negative, and IgA-negative. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 PMID:20933013 PMID:22343568 IgD+ memory B cell PMID:22343568 non-class-switched memory B cell HP:0032126 CL:0000971 An IgM memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell with the phenotype IgM-positive and IgD-negative. IgM memory B lymphocyte IgM memory B-cell IgM memory B-lymphocyte memory IgM B cell memory IgM B lymphocyte memory IgM B-cell memory IgM B-lymphocyte IgM memory B cells are also reportedly CD1c-positive, CD95-positive, CD80-positive, CD84-positive, CD86-positive, CD150-negative, CD229-positive, CD289-positive, and CD290-positive. Transcription factors: Notch2-positive, PAX5-positive, SpiB-positive, Ets1-positive, and OBF1-positive. IgM memory B cell An IgM memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell with the phenotype IgM-positive and IgD-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 PMID:19447676 CL:0000972 A class switched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has undergone Ig class switching and therefore is IgM-negative on the cell surface. These cells are CD27-positive and have either IgG, IgE, or IgA on the cell surface. class switched memory B lymphocyte class switched memory B-cell class switched memory B-lymphocyte Per DSD: Class switched memory B cells are also reportedly CD48-positive, CD229-positive, and CD352-positive. class switched memory B cell true A class switched memory B cell is a memory B cell that has undergone Ig class switching and therefore is IgM-negative on the cell surface. These cells are CD27-positive and have either IgG, IgE, or IgA on the cell surface. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 PMID:20933013 PMID:9295047 CL:0000973 A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgA. IgA memory B lymphocyte IgA memory B-cell IgA memory B-lymphocyte memory IgA B cell memory IgA B lymphocyte memory IgA B-cell memory IgA B-lymphocyte IgA memory B cell are also reportedly RORalpha-positive. IgA memory B cell true A class switched memory B cell that expresses IgA. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 CL:0000974 A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for years, as opposed to months, secretes immunoglobulin, and has the phenotype weakly CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD38-negative, strongly CD138-positive, MHC Class II-negative, surface immunoglobulin-negative, IgD-negative, and strongly CXCR4-positive. The majority of these cells of this type reside in the bone marrow. long lived plasma cell true A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for years, as opposed to months, secretes immunoglobulin, and has the phenotype weakly CD19-positive, CD20-negative, CD38-negative, strongly CD138-positive, MHC Class II-negative, surface immunoglobulin-negative, IgD-negative, and strongly CXCR4-positive. The majority of these cells of this type reside in the bone marrow. GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:9780781765190 PMID:16014527 CL:0000975 A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for months. short lived plasma cell true A fully differentiated plasma cell that lives for months. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16014527 CL:0000976 A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgA. These cells may be found in the bone marrow as well as in the mucosal immune system. IgA short lived plasma cell true A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgA. These cells may be found in the bone marrow as well as in the mucosal immune system. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000977 A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgG. IgG short lived plasma cell true A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgG. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000978 A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgM. IgM short lived plasma cell true A short lived plasma cell that secretes IgM. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000979 An IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that is class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface. IgG memory B lymphocyte IgG memory B-cell IgG memory B-lymphocyte memory IgG B cell memory IgG B lymphocyte memory IgG B-cell memory IgG B-lymphocyte IgG memory B cell true An IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that is class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface. GOC:rhs GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781765196 CL:0000980 An activated mature (naive or memory) B cell that is secreting immunoglobulin, typified by being CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD138-negative. CD20-negative B cell FMA:84371 CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD20-negative B cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'plasmablast'. Plasmablasts are also reportedly CD48-positive, CD63-positive, CD229-positive, CD270-positive, CD319-positive, CD352-positive, CD361-positive, and IgD-negative. plasmablast true An activated mature (naive or memory) B cell that is secreting immunoglobulin, typified by being CD27-positive, CD38-positive, CD138-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2673126 CL:0000981 A memory B cell with the phenotype IgD-negative and CD27-negative. dn memory B cell dn memory B lymphocyte dn memory B-cell dn memory B-lymphocyte double negative memory B lymphocyte double negative memory B-cell double negative memory B-lymphocyte double negative memory B cell A memory B cell with the phenotype IgD-negative and CD27-negative. GOC:msz GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000982 A plasmablast that secretes IgG. IgG plasmablast true A plasmablast that secretes IgG. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000983 A plasmablast that secretes IgM. IgM plasmablast true A plasmablast that secretes IgM. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000984 A plasmablast that secretes IgA. IgA plasmablast true A plasmablast that secretes IgA. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000985 A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgG. IgG plasma cell true A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgG. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000986 A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgM. IgM plasma cell true A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgM. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000987 A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgA. IgA plasma cell true A fully differentiated plasma cell that secretes IgA. GOC:msz GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:781735149 CL:0000988 A cell of a hematopoietic lineage. BTO:0000574 CALOHA:TS-2017 FMA:70366 FMA:83598 haematopoietic cell haemopoietic cell hemopoietic cell hematopoietic cell A cell of a hematopoietic lineage. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 CL:0000989 CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a leukocyte that is CD11c-low, CD45R-positive, GR1-positive and CD11b-negative. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000001)(PMID:19243617). These cells are CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD285-positive (TLR5), CD286-positive (TLR6), and CD288-positive (TLR8). CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell true CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a leukocyte that is CD11c-low, CD45R-positive, GR1-positive and CD11b-negative. GOC:amm GOC:dsd GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000990 Conventional dendritic cell is a dendritic cell that is CD11c-high. interdigitating cell veiled cell FMA:84191 DC1 cDC dendritic reticular cell type 1 DC Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000003)(PMID:19243617) These cells are also CD20-negative, MHCII-positive. conventional dendritic cell true Conventional dendritic cell is a dendritic cell that is CD11c-high. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0000991 CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a leukocyte is CD11c-negative, CD45RA-positive, CD85g-positive(ILT7), CD123-positive, CD303-positive. CD303-positive dendritic cell Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000004)(PMID:19243617). These cells are CD281-positive (TLR1), CD286-positive (TLR6), and CD290-positive (TLR10). CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell true CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a leukocyte is CD11c-negative, CD45RA-positive, CD85g-positive(ILT7), CD123-positive, CD303-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000992 Immature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD80-low and CD86-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000006)(PMID:19243617). immature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell true Immature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD80-low and CD86-low. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000993 Mature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD83-high and is CD80-positive, CD86-positive, and MHCII-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000007)(PMID:19243617). mature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell true Mature CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD83-high and is CD80-positive, CD86-positive, and MHCII-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000994 Immature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is CD80-negative, CD86-low and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000008)(PMID:19243617). immature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell true Immature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is CD80-negative, CD86-low and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000995 CD71-positive common myeloid precursor OR CD7-negative lymphoid precursor OR CD7-positive lymphoid Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:1100000)(PMID:19243617). CD34-positive, CD38-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD34-positive, CD38-positive common lymphoid progenitor CL:0000996 Mature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000009)(PMID:19243617). mature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell true Mature CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is a CD11c-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:15771572 PMID:17850486 CL:0000997 Immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000010)(PMID:19243617). immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell true Immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0000998 CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-negative, CD4-negative CD8_alpha-negative and is CD205-positive. This cell is able to cross- present antigen to CD8-alpha-positive T cells. DC.8-4-11b- triple negative dendritic cell These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000011)(PMID:19243617). CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell true CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-negative, CD4-negative CD8_alpha-negative and is CD205-positive. This cell is able to cross- present antigen to CD8-alpha-positive T cells. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0000999 CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD4-positive and is CD205-negative and CD8_alpha-negative. DC.4+ Defined as having a disposition to secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000012)(PMID:19243617). CD4-positive CD11b-positive dendritic cell CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD4-positive and is CD205-negative and CD8_alpha-negative. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001000 CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-negative, CD4-negative and is CD205-positive and CD8_alpha-positive. DC.8+ Cells are defined as having a disposition to secreting inflammatory cytokines. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000013)(PMID:19243617). CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell true CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-negative, CD4-negative and is CD205-positive and CD8_alpha-positive. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001001 Immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000014)(PMID:19243617). immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell true Immature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001002 Mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Defined as having a disposition to secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000015)(PMID:19243617). mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell true Mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001003 Mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000016)(PMID:19243617). mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell true Mature CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-negative CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001004 Immature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000017)(PMID:19243617). immature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell true Immature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001005 Mature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000018)(PMID:19243617). mature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell true Mature CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell is a CD8_alpha-positive CD11b-negative dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001006 Dermal dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD205-positive and CD8 alpha-negative. BTO:0004812 Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000019)(PMID:19243617). These cells are also CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD283-positive (TLR3), CD284-positive (TLR4), CD285-positive (TLR5), CD288-positive (TLR8), and CD289-positive (TLR9). dermal dendritic cell Dermal dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD205-positive and CD8 alpha-negative. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001007 Interstitial dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD1a-positive, CD206-positive, CD209-positive, and CD36-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000020)(PMID:19243617). These cells are also CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD283-positive (TLR3), CD284-positive (TLR4), CD286-positive (TLR6), CD288-positive (TLR8), and CD290-positive (TLR10). interstitial dendritic cell Interstitial dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD1a-positive, CD206-positive, CD209-positive, and CD36-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001008 A hematopoietic stem cell that has plasma membrane part Kit-positive, SCA-1-positive, CD150-positive and CD34-negative. LSK stem cell Sca1-positive hematopoietic stem cell Cell markers are associated with mouse hematopoietic stem cell. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000043)(PMID:19243617). Kit and Sca1-positive hematopoietic stem cell true A hematopoietic stem cell that has plasma membrane part Kit-positive, SCA-1-positive, CD150-positive and CD34-negative. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17952047 PMID:19022770 CL:0001009 Immature dermal dendritic cell is a dermal dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000022)(PMID:19243617). immature dermal dendritic cell true Immature dermal dendritic cell is a dermal dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001010 Mature dermal dendritic cell is a dermal dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000023)(PMID:19243617). mature dermal dendritic cell true Mature dermal dendritic cell is a dermal dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001011 Immature interstitial dendritic cell is a interstitial dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000024)(PMID:19243617). immature interstitial dendritic cell true Immature interstitial dendritic cell is a interstitial dendritic cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001012 Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:1110000)(PMID:19243617). CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor OR granulocyte monocyte progenitor CL:0001013 Mature interstitial dendritic cell is a interstitial dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000025)(PMID:19243617). mature interstitial dendritic cell true Mature interstitial dendritic cell is a interstitial dendritic cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001014 CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a Langerhans_cell that is CD1a-positive and CD324-positive. CD1a-LC These markers are associated with human cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000026)(PMID:19243617). These cells are also CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD284-positive (TLR4), CD286-positive (TLR6), CD287-positive (TLR7), and CD290-positive (TLR10). When activated, these cells are capable of producing IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15. CD1a-positive Langerhans cell true CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a Langerhans_cell that is CD1a-positive and CD324-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001015 CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a Langerhans cell that is CD205-high and is CD8_alpha-low. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000027)(PMID:19243617). They are also CD205-high, CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD283-positive (TLR3), CD285-positive (TLR5), CD286-positive (TLR6), and CD289-positive (TLR9). CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell true CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a Langerhans cell that is CD205-high and is CD8_alpha-low. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001016 Immature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a CD1a-positive Langerhans cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000028)(PMID:19243617). immature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell true Immature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a CD1a-positive Langerhans cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001017 Mature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a CD1a-positive Langerhans cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000029)(PMID:19243617). When activated, these cells produce IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15. mature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell true Mature CD1a-positive Langerhans cell is a CD1a-positive Langerhans cell that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17850486 CL:0001018 Immature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000030)(PMID:19243617). immature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell true Immature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell that is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001019 Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:1111000)(PMID:19243617). CD115-positive monocyte OR common dendritic progenitor CL:0001020 Mature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell that that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. These markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000031)(PMID:19243617). mature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell true Mature CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell is a CD8_alpha-low Langerhans cell that that is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 CL:0001021 A common lymphoid progenitor that is CD10-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD34-positive and CD38-positive. CD10-positive common lymphocyte precursor CD10-positive common lymphocyte progenitor CD10-positive common lymphoid precursor These markers are associated with human common lymphoid progenitors. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000032)(PMID:19243617). CD34-positive, CD38-positive common lymphoid progenitor true A common lymphoid progenitor that is CD10-positive, CD45RA-positive, CD34-positive and CD38-positive. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2346585 PMID:19022770 CL:0001022 CD115-positive monocyte is a monocyte that is CD115-positive and CD11b-positive. These markers are associated with human cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000033)(PMID:19243617). CD115-positive monocyte true CD115-positive monocyte is a monocyte that is CD115-positive and CD11b-positive. GOC:add GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17952047 CL:0001023 A common myeloid progenitor that is Kit-positive and CD34-positive, Il7ra-negative, and is SCA1-low and Fcgr2-low and Fcgr3-low. CD117-positive common myeloid precursor Markers are associated with mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000034)(PMID:19243617). Kit-positive, CD34-positive common myeloid progenitor true A common myeloid progenitor that is Kit-positive and CD34-positive, Il7ra-negative, and is SCA1-low and Fcgr2-low and Fcgr3-low. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:1261582 PMID:17952047 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0001024 CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell is a hematopoietic stem cell that is CD34-positive, CD90-positive, and CD133-positive. CALOHA:TS-0448 CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell Cell markers are associated with human hematopoietic stem cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000035)(PMID:19243617). CD34-positive, CD38-negative hematopoietic stem cell true CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell is a hematopoietic stem cell that is CD34-positive, CD90-positive, and CD133-positive. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:10430905 PMID:11750107 PMID:16551251 PMID:20024907 PMID:9389721 CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cell PMID:16140871 CL:0001025 A common lymphoid progenitor that is Kit-low, FLT3-positive, IL7ralpha-positive, and SCA1-low. CD217-positive common lymphocyte precursor CD217-positive common lymphocyte progenitor CD217-positive common lymphoid precursor Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-positive, Sca1-positive common lymphoid progenitor true A common lymphoid progenitor that is Kit-low, FLT3-positive, IL7ralpha-positive, and SCA1-low. GOC:add GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:17952047 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0001026 A common myeloid progenitor that is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL3ra-low, CD10-negative, CD7-negative, CD45RA-negative, and IL-5Ralpha-negative. CD71-positive common myeloid precursor Markers are associated with human cell type. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000038)(PMID:19243617). CD34-positive, CD38-positive common myeloid progenitor A common myeloid progenitor that is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL3ra-low, CD10-negative, CD7-negative, CD45RA-negative, and IL-5Ralpha-negative. GOC:add GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMCID:PMC2626675 PMID:16551251 CL:0001027 CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-negative and CD45RA-negative. CD7-negative lymphoid precursor These markers are associated with human cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000039)(PMID:19243617). CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor cell true CD7-negative lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-negative and CD45RA-negative. GOC:amm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 CL:0001028 CD7-positive lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-positive and is CD45RA-negative. CD7-positive lymphoid precursor These markers are associated with human cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000040)(PMID:19243617). CD7-positive lymphoid progenitor cell true CD7-positive lymphoid progenitor cell is a lymphoid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD7-positive and is CD45RA-negative. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:19491395 CL:0001029 Common dendritic precursor is a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is CD117-low, CD135-positive, CD115-positive and lacks plasma membrane parts for hematopoietic lineage markers. CDP common dendritic precursor pro-DCs Surface markers are for mouse cells. Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:0000041) CDP are reportedly CD2-negative, CD3-negative, CD4-negative, CD5-negative, CD8a-negative, CD11c-positive, CD14-negative, CD19-negative, CD20-negative, CD56-negative, B220-negative, Ly6g-negative, MHCII-positive, and Ter119-negative. (PMID:19243617). common dendritic progenitor Common dendritic precursor is a hematopoietic progenitor cell that is CD117-low, CD135-positive, CD115-positive and lacks plasma membrane parts for hematopoietic lineage markers. GOC:amm GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:16551251 PMID:17922016 PMID:19286519 CDP PMID:21219184 pro-DCs PMID:21219184 CL:0001030 Originally described in the dendritic cell ontology (DC_CL:1111100)(PMID:19243617). CD117-positive common myeloid progenitor OR CD217-positive common lymphoid progenitor CL:0001031 An excitatory granule cell with a soma located in the granular layer of cerebellar cortex. A mature cerebellar granule cell has short dendrites with a characteristic claw-like appearance and a long axon that ascends to the molecular layer where it bifurcates (except in non-teleost fish, where it does not bifurcate) and extends mediolaterally to form parallel fibers. BTO:0004278 granule cell of the cerebellum It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that granule cells are the most numerous cell type in the cerebellum and in the brain, with at least 99% of all cerebellar neurons being granule cells. cerebellar granule cell An excitatory granule cell with a soma located in the granular layer of cerebellar cortex. A mature cerebellar granule cell has short dendrites with a characteristic claw-like appearance and a long axon that ascends to the molecular layer where it bifurcates (except in non-teleost fish, where it does not bifurcate) and extends mediolaterally to form parallel fibers. GOC:mah doi:10.12688/f1000research.15021.1 doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 granule cell of the cerebellum doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that granule cells are the most numerous cell type in the cerebellum and in the brain, with at least 99% of all cerebellar neurons being granule cells. doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 CL:0001032 Granule cell that is part of the cerebral cortex. cortical granule cell Granule cell that is part of the cerebral cortex. GOC:mah CL:0001033 Granule cell with a soma found in the hippocampus. hippocampal granule cell Granule cell with a soma found in the hippocampus. GOC:mah CL:0001034 A cell that is maintained or propagated in a controlled artificial environment for use in an investigation. 2012-01-12T09:58:38Z 'In vitro', translating literally to 'in glass', typically refers to a controlled, often sterile, laboratory setting where cells or other specimens are placed by some agent for the purpose of studying or manipulating them as part of some research investigation. 'In vitro' is intended to contrast with 'native',which refers to cells or other biological entities that are found in a natural setting. It describes unicellular organisms removed from a natural environement and multicellular organism cells removed from an organism, or cells derived in culture from such displaced cells. cell in vitro experimentally modified cell in vitro A cell that is maintained or propagated in a controlled artificial environment for use in an investigation. ReO:mhb CL:0001035 A connective tissue cell found in bone. 2011-11-16T04:28:16Z bone cell A connective tissue cell found in bone. GOC:add GO_REF:0000034 CL:0001039 Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:0000116 terminally differentiated osteoblast Osteoblast that is terminally differentiated, located adjacent to acellular or cellular bone tissue within periosteum, and is capable of mineralizing the matrix. VSAO:curator CL:0001040 Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO:0000117 VSAO relationship simplified OBO_REL:integral_part_of VSAO:0000118 non-terminally differentiated osteoblast Osteoblast that is non-terminally differentiated and located in cellular bone tissue or under the periosteum in acellular bone. VSAO:curator CL:0001041 A CD8-positive alpha-beta-positive T cell with the phenotype CXCR3-positive and having suppressor function. They are capable of producing IL-10, suppressing proliferation, and suppressing IFN-gamma production. CD8+CXCR3+ T cell CD8+CXCR3+ T lymphocyte CD8+CXCR3+ T(reg) CD8+CXCR3+ T-cell CD8+CXCR3+ Treg CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, T(reg) CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, Treg CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte These cells may be the human equivalent of murine CD8-positive, CD122-positive alpha-beta regulatory T cell. They are also found in the CD45RA-negative and CD62L-positive fraction. CD8-positive, CXCR3-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell true A CD8-positive alpha-beta-positive T cell with the phenotype CXCR3-positive and having suppressor function. They are capable of producing IL-10, suppressing proliferation, and suppressing IFN-gamma production. GOC:dsd PMID:19609979 CL:0001042 CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that produces IL-22. T(H)-22 cell Th22 T cell Th22 T lymphocyte Th22 T-cell Th22 T-lymphocyte Th22 cell helper T cell type 22 TH22 cells are also reportedly CCR4-positive, CCR6-positive, CCR10-positive, CXCR3-negative. TH22 cells are reportedly capable of secreting IL-13. T-helper 22 cell true CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that produces IL-22. GOC:dsd PMID:19578368 PMID:19578369 CL:0001043 A recently activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD38-positive, CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive. activated CD4+ T cell activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte, human activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell, human activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte, human This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'activated CD4+ T cell', but includes via logical inference from its parent additional markers known to be expressed on activated CD4+ T cells. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human activated CD4+ T cells, as activated mouse T cells do not express MHC class II. activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human A recently activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD38-positive, CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, and CD25-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 activated CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001044 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD45RA-positive. effector CD4+ T cell effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-cell effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'effector CD4+ T cell'. The functional characteristics of this cell type currently undefined in CL, which affects its proper placement within the hierarchy. effector CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD45RA-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 effector CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001045 A naive regulatory T cell with the phenotype CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CD127lo, CCR4-positive, and CD45RO-negative. naive CCR4+ Treg naive CCR4-positive regulatory T lymphocyte naive CCR4-positive regulatory T-cell naive CCR4-positive regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'naive CCR4+ Treg'. The definition is valid for human; its applicability for mouse and other species is unknown. naive CCR4-positive regulatory T cell A naive regulatory T cell with the phenotype CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CD127lo, CCR4-positive, and CD45RO-negative. GOC:add PMID:22343568 naive CCR4+ Treg PMID:22343568 CL:0001046 A memory regulatory T cell with phenotype CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CD127lo, CCR4-positive, and CD45RO-positive. memory CCR4+ Treg memory CCR4-positive regulatory T lymphocyte memory CCR4-positive regulatory T-cell memory CCR4-positive regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'memory CCR4+ Treg'. The definition is valid for human; its applicability for mouse and other species is unknown. memory CCR4-positive regulatory T cell A memory regulatory T cell with phenotype CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CD127lo, CCR4-positive, and CD45RO-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 memory CCR4+ Treg PMID:22343568 CL:0001047 A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell with the additional phenotype CCR4-positive. CCR+ Treg CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'CCR4+ Treg'. The definition is valid for human; its applicability for mouse and other species is unknown. CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell with the additional phenotype CCR4-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 CCR+ Treg PMID:22343568 CL:0001048 A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta T regulatory cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, indicating recent activation. activated CCR4+ Treg activated CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T lymphocyte activated CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-cell activated CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'activated CCR4+ Treg'. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human activated CD4+ T cells, as activated mouse T cells do not express MHC class II. activated CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell, human A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, CCR4-positive, alpha-beta T regulatory cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, indicating recent activation. GOC:add PMID:22343568 activated CCR4+ Treg PMID:22343568 CL:0001049 A recently activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD38-positive, CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, CCR7-negative, and CD25-positive. activated CD8+ T cell activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte, human activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell, human activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte, human This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'activated CD8+ T cell', but includes via logical inference from its parent additional markers known to be expressed on activated CD8+ T cells. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human activated CD8+ T cells, as activated mouse T cells do not express MHC class II. activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, human A recently activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD38-positive, CD69-positive, CD62L-negative, CD127-negative, CCR7-negative, and CD25-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 activated CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001050 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD45RA-positive. effector CD8+ T cell effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T lymphocyte effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-cell effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'effector CD8+ T cell'. The functional characteristics of this cell type currently undefined in CL, which affects its proper placement within the hierarchy. effector CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD45RA-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 effector CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001051 A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative. non-Th1/Th17 CD4+ T cell CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T lymphocyte CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T-cell CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'non-Th1/Th17 CD4+ T cell'. Cells of this phenotype may include T-helper 2 T cells and some naive CD4+ T cells. CD4-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T cell A CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative. GOC:add PMID:22343568 non-Th1/Th17 CD4+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001052 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative. non-Tc1/Tc17 CD8+ T cell CD8-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T lymphocyte CD8-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T-cell CD8-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T-lymphocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'non-Tc1/Tc17 CD8+ T cell'. Cells of this phenotype may include Tc2 T cells and some naive CD8+ T cells. CD8-positive, CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative, alpha-beta T cell A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-negative. GOC:add PMID:22343568 non-Tc1/Tc17 CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001053 A memory B cell that lacks expression of surface IgD. IgD- memory B cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'IgD- memory B cell'. The majority of these cells are class-switched, though some are IgM-positive. IgD-negative memory B cell A memory B cell that lacks expression of surface IgD. GOC:add PMID:22343568 IgD- memory B cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001054 A monocyte that expresses CD14 and is negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20. monocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'monocyte'. Note that while CD14 is considered a reliable marker for human monocytes, it is only expressed on approximately 85% of mouse monocytes. CD14-positive monocyte A monocyte that expresses CD14 and is negative for the lineage markers CD3, CD19, and CD20. GOC:add PMID:22343568 monocyte PMID:22343568 CL:0001055 An intermediate monocyte that is CD14-positive and with low amounts of CD16. intermediate monocyte, human Definition is valid for human intermediate monocytes. CD14-positive, CD16-low monocyte An intermediate monocyte that is CD14-positive and with low amounts of CD16. GOC:add PMID:20628149 CL:0001056 A dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive. dendritic cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'dendritic cell'. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human dendritic cells. dendritic cell, human A dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 dendritic cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001057 A myeloid dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive. myeloid dendritic cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'myeloid dendritic cell'. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human myeloid dendritic cells. myeloid dendritic cell, human A myeloid dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive. GOC:add PMID:22343568 myeloid dendritic cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001058 A plasmacytoid dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD123-positive, and CD11c-negative. plasmacytoid dendritic cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'plasmacytoid dendritic cell'. The inclusion of HLA-DRA in the definition restricts this definition to human plasmacytoid dendritic cells. plasmacytoid dendritic cell, human A plasmacytoid dendritic cell with the phenotype HLA-DRA-positive, CD123-positive, and CD11c-negative. GOC:add PMID:22343568 plasmacytoid dendritic cell PMID:22343568 CL:0001059 A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. These cells are CD34-positive, and express Gata1, Gata2, C/EBPa, and Pu.1. common myeloid precursor, CD34-positive CFU-GEMM CFU-S CMP colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte multipotential myeloid stem cell myeloid stem cell pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) CMP are reportedly CD16-positive, CD32-positive, CD38-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD110-negative, CD117-positive, CD123-positive, and SCA1-negative. common myeloid progenitor, CD34-positive A progenitor cell committed to myeloid lineage, including the megakaryocyte and erythroid lineages. These cells are CD34-positive, and express Gata1, Gata2, C/EBPa, and Pu.1. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:0878932437 PMCID:PMC2212039 PMID:10724173 PMID:16551251 PMID:16647566 CFU-GEMM ISBN:0878932437 CFU-S ISBN:0878932437 CMP ISBN:0878932437 colony forming unit granulocyte, erythrocyte, macrophage, and megakaryocyte ISBN:0878932437 multipotential myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 myeloid stem cell ISBN:0878932437 pluripotent stem cell (bone marrow) ISBN:0878932437 CL:0001060 A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. Cell lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. 2010-01-06T03:43:27Z hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell, lineage-negative A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. Cell lacks hematopoeitic lineage markers. GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0001061 A cell found in an organism or derived from an organism exhibiting a phenotype that deviates from the expected phenotype of any native cell type of that organism. Abnormal cells are typically found in disease states or disease models. 2017-01-30T18:53:32Z https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C12913 https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/448 abnormal cell native cell A cell found in an organism or derived from an organism exhibiting a phenotype that deviates from the expected phenotype of any native cell type of that organism. Abnormal cells are typically found in disease states or disease models. GOC:add GOC:cg GOC:wdd CL:0001062 A CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CD45RO-negative, and CCR7-negative. TEMRA CD8+ TEMRA CD8-positive TEMRA This cell type is seen in human but not found in the mouse. effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated A CD8-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CD45RO-negative, and CCR7-negative. GOC:add GOC:dos PMID:15032595 PMID:16237082 PMID:26883338 TEMRA PMID:15032595 CD8+ TEMRA PMID:15032595 CD8-positive TEMRA PMID:15032595 CL:0001063 An abnormal cell exhibiting dysregulation of cell proliferation or programmed cell death and capable of forming a neoplasm, an aggregate of cells in the form of a tumor mass or an excess number of abnormal cells (liquid tumor) within an organism. 2017-01-30T19:16:26Z https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C12922 tumor cell tumour cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/448 neoplastic cell An abnormal cell exhibiting dysregulation of cell proliferation or programmed cell death and capable of forming a neoplasm, an aggregate of cells in the form of a tumor mass or an excess number of abnormal cells (liquid tumor) within an organism. GOC:add GOC:cg GOC:wdd CL:0001064 A neoplastic cell that is capable of entering a surrounding tissue 2017-01-30T19:39:12Z https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C12917 cancer cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/448 malignant cell A neoplastic cell that is capable of entering a surrounding tissue GOC:add GOC:cg GOC:wdd CL:0001065 A lymphocyte that lacks characteristic T cell, B cell, myeloid cell, and dendritic cell markers, that functions as part of the innate immune response to produce cytokines and other effector responses. 2017-01-30T20:20:48Z innate lymphoid cell A lymphocyte that lacks characteristic T cell, B cell, myeloid cell, and dendritic cell markers, that functions as part of the innate immune response to produce cytokines and other effector responses. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:23292121 PMID:23348417 CL:0001066 A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. This cell is ter119-positive but lacks expression of other hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative). BTO:0004911 BFU-E CFU-E blast forming unit erythroid burst forming unit erythroid colony forming unit erythroid erythroid stem cell erythroid progenitor cell, mammalian A progenitor cell committed to the erythroid lineage. This cell is ter119-positive but lacks expression of other hematopoietic lineage markers (lin-negative). GOC:add ISBN:0721601464 BFU-E CFU-E CL:0001067 An innate lymphoid cell that is capable of producing the type 1 cytokine IFN-gamma, but not Th2 or Th17 cell-associated cytokines. 2017-01-30T20:42:44Z group 1 innate lymphoid cell An innate lymphoid cell that is capable of producing the type 1 cytokine IFN-gamma, but not Th2 or Th17 cell-associated cytokines. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:23348417 CL:0001068 A group 1 innate lymphoid cell that is non-cytotoxic. 2017-01-30T20:54:12Z ILC1 A group 1 innate lymphoid cell that is non-cytotoxic. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:23292121 PMID:23348417 CL:0001069 An innate lymphoid cell that is capable of producing T-helper 2-cell associated cytokines upon stimulation. 2017-01-30T21:20:08Z ILC2 natural helper cell nuocyte group 2 innate lymphoid cell An innate lymphoid cell that is capable of producing T-helper 2-cell associated cytokines upon stimulation. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:23292121 PMID:23562755 CL:0001070 An adipocyte that is beige in color, thermogenic, and which differentiates in white fat tissue from a Myf5-negative progenitor. MESH:D000069797 beige brown adipocyte beige fat cell beige/brite adipocyte brite adipocyte brite cell brite fat cell beige adipocyte An adipocyte that is beige in color, thermogenic, and which differentiates in white fat tissue from a Myf5-negative progenitor. GOC:add GOC:cvs GOC:ymb PMID:22796012 PMID:25851693 CL:0001071 An innate lymphoid cell that constituitively expresses RORgt and is capable of expressing IL17A and/or IL-22. 2017-01-31T20:21:26Z ILC3 group 3 innate lymphoid cell An innate lymphoid cell that constituitively expresses RORgt and is capable of expressing IL17A and/or IL-22. GOC:add GOC:dsd PMID:23292121 PMID:23348417 CL:0001072 An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD34-negative, CD117-positive, and a precusor to NK cells, ILC2 cells, and ILC3 cells. CD34-negative, CD117-positive ILC CD34-negative, CD117-positive ILCP CD34-negative, CD117-positive innate lymphoid cell precusor CD34-negative, CD117-positive innate lymphoid cell, human An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD34-negative, CD117-positive, and a precusor to NK cells, ILC2 cells, and ILC3 cells. GOC:add PMID:30193847 PMID:31201208 CL:0001073 An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive.Thie cell type may include precusors to NK cells and ILC3 cells. CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive ILC CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive ILCP CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive innate lymphoid cell precursor CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive innate lymphoid cell, human An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive.Thie cell type may include precusors to NK cells and ILC3 cells. GOC:add PMID:30193847 PMID:31201208 CL:0001074 An innate lymphoid cell precursor in the human with the phenotype CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive.Thie cell type may include precusors to NK cells and ILC3 cells. CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive CILP CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive common innate lymphoid precursor, human An innate lymphoid cell precursor in the human with the phenotype CD34-positive, CD56-positive, CD117-positive.Thie cell type may include precusors to NK cells and ILC3 cells. GOC:add PMID:30193847 CL:0001075 An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype KLRG1-positive that is a precusor for ILC2 cells. KLRG1-positive ILC KLRG1-positive innate lymphoid cell, human An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype KLRG1-positive that is a precusor for ILC2 cells. GOC:add PMID:31201208 CL:0001076 An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype NKp46-positive that is a precusor for NK cells and ILC3 cells. NKp46-positive ILC NKp46-positive innate lymphoid cell, human An innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype NKp46-positive that is a precusor for NK cells and ILC3 cells. GOC:add PMID:31201208 PMID:31337734 CL:0001077 An ILC1 cell in the human with the phenotype CD56-negative, IL-7Ralpha-positive, T-bet-positive. innate lymphoid cell 1, human ILC1, human An ILC1 cell in the human with the phenotype CD56-negative, IL-7Ralpha-positive, T-bet-positive. GOC:add PMID:31500958 CL:0001078 A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive. ILC3, human group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive. GOC:add PMID:31500958 CL:0001079 A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive, and NKp44-positive. NKp44-positive group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive, and NKp44-positive. GOC:add PMID:24778151 PMID:31500958 CL:0001080 A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive, and NKp44-negative. NKp44-negative group 3 innate lymphoid cell, human A group 3 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype IL-7Ralpha-positive, and NKp44-negative. GOC:add PMID:24778151 PMID:31500958 CL:0001081 A group 2 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD25-positive, CD127-positive, CD161-positive, and GATA-3-positive. ILC2, human group 2 innate lymphoid cell, human A group 2 innate lymphoid cell in the human with the phenotype CD25-positive, CD127-positive, CD161-positive, and GATA-3-positive. GOC:add PMID:24778151 PMID:26844414 CL:0001082 An innate lyphoid cell with an immature phenotype. immature ILC immature innate lymphoid cell An innate lyphoid cell with an immature phenotype. GOC:add CL:0001087 A CD4-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CD45RO-negative, and CCR7-negative. 2021-01-18T16:32:44Z TEMRA CD4+ TEMRA CD4-positive TEMRA This cell type is seen in human but not found in the mouse. effector memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated A CD4-positive, alpha beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive, CD45RO-negative, and CCR7-negative. GOC:add PMID:17465678 PMID:26883338 PMID:27997758 PMID:29133794 TEMRA PMID:17465678 CD4+ TEMRA PMID:17465678 CD4-positive TEMRA PMID:17465678 CL:0001200 A lymphocyte of B lineage that is CD19-positive. Types of B lineage lymphocytes include B cells and antibody secreting cells (plasmablasts and plasma cells). Lymphocytes of B cell lineage can be distinguished from those of T cell lineage by their lack of CD3e (as part of the T cell receptor complex). lymphocyte of B lineage, CD19-positive A lymphocyte of B lineage that is CD19-positive. GOC:add CL:0001201 A B cell that is CD19-positive. B lymphocyte, CD19-positive B-cell, CD19-positive B-lymphocyte, CD19-positive CD19+ B cell CD19-positive B cell B cell, CD19-positive A B cell that is CD19-positive. GOC:add CL:0001202 A plasmablast that is CD86-positive. CD86-positive, CD20-negative plasmablast CD86+ plasmablast CD86-positive plasmablast A plasmablast that is CD86-positive. GOC:add PMID:20398308 CL:0001203 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte, CD45RO-positive CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell, CD45RO-positive CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte, CD45RO-positive CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell with memory phenotype indicated by being CD45RO and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 PMID:20146720 CL:0001204 CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cell with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T lymphocyte, CD45RO-positive CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-cell, CD45RO-positive CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T-lymphocyte, CD45RO-positive CD4-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell, CD45RO-positive true CD4-positive, alpha-beta long-lived T cell with the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive. This cell type is also described as being CD25-negative, CD44-high, and CD122-high. GOC:add GOC:tfm GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0001658 FBbt:00004230 visual pigment cell (sensu Nematoda and Protostomia) CL:0002000 An erythroid progenitor cell is Kit-positive, Ly6A-negative, CD41-negative, CD127-negative, and CD123-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD150-negative, CD41-negative, CD105-positive, and FcgR-negative. 2010-04-26T10:14:16Z c- Kit-positive erythroid progenitor cell Markers found on mouse cells. Kit-positive erythroid progenitor cell true An erythroid progenitor cell is Kit-positive, Ly6A-negative, CD41-negative, CD127-negative, and CD123-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD150-negative, CD41-negative, CD105-positive, and FcgR-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002001 A granulocyte monocyte progenitor is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL-3receptor-alpha-positive and is CD45RA-negative. 2010-01-13T03:19:22Z Markers are for human cells. According to different research groups, CD45RA is present or absent on this cell population. CD34-positive, CD38-positive granulocyte monocyte progenitor true A granulocyte monocyte progenitor is CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL-3receptor-alpha-positive and is CD45RA-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:12615892 PMID:19022770 CL:0002002 A granulocyte monocyte progenitor that is Kit-positive, CD34-positive, Fc-gamma receptor II/II-positive, and is Sca-1-negative, Il7ra-negative, Cxc3r1-negative, and CD90-negative. 2010-01-13T03:19:28Z Markers are found on mouse cells. Kit-positive granulocyte monocyte progenitor true A granulocyte monocyte progenitor that is Kit-positive, CD34-positive, Fc-gamma receptor II/II-positive, and is Sca-1-negative, Il7ra-negative, Cxc3r1-negative, and CD90-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:12615892 PMID:16322423 PMID:19022770 PMID:19273628 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002003 An erythroid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive and is GlyA-negative. 2010-04-26T10:14:30Z FMA:83517 Cell markers associated with human cells. CD34-positive, GlyA-negative erythroid progenitor cell true An erythroid progenitor cell that is CD34-positive and is GlyA-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19621348 CL:0002004 A proerythoblast that is CD34-negative and GlyA-negative. 2010-04-26T10:31:50Z Cell surface markers are associated with human cells. CD34-negative, GlyA-negative proerythroblast true A proerythoblast that is CD34-negative and GlyA-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19621348 CL:0002005 A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell is CD34-positive, CD38-positive and is IL3-receptor alpha-negative and CD45RA-negative. 2010-01-13T03:43:10Z Markers are associated with human cell type. CD34-positive, CD38-positive megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell true A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell is CD34-positive, CD38-positive and is IL3-receptor alpha-negative and CD45RA-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:12615892 PMID:190227700 CL:0002006 A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell that is Kit-positive and is Sca1-negative, CD34-negative, CD90-negative, IL7r-alpha-negative and Fcgr II/III-low. 2010-01-13T03:43:12Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-positive, CD34-negative megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell true A megakaryocyte erythroid progenitor cell that is Kit-positive and is Sca1-negative, CD34-negative, CD90-negative, IL7r-alpha-negative and Fcgr II/III-low. GOC:tfm PMID:12615892 PMID:19022770 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002007 A lineage marker-negative, CD34-positive, IL5r-alpha-positive, and Sca1-negative eosinophil progenitor cell. 2010-01-14T03:25:15Z Markers are found on mouse cells. Kit-low, CD34-positive eosinophil progenitor cell true A lineage marker-negative, CD34-positive, IL5r-alpha-positive, and Sca1-negative eosinophil progenitor cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17582345 CL:0002008 A lineage marker-negative, CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL3r-alpha-positive, IL5r-alpha-positive, and CD45RA-negative eosinophil progenitor cell. 2010-01-14T03:25:17Z Markers are associated with human cells. CD34-positive, CD38-positive eosinophil progenitor cell true A lineage marker-negative, CD34-positive, CD38-positive, IL3r-alpha-positive, IL5r-alpha-positive, and CD45RA-negative eosinophil progenitor cell. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC2626675 CL:0002009 A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. 2010-01-19T02:51:58Z MDP macrophage dendritic cell progenitor true A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. GOC:tfm PMID:19273628 CL:0002010 A lin-negative, MHC-II-negative, CD11c-positive, FLT3-positive cell with intermediate expression of SIRP-alpha. 2010-01-19T03:39:30Z pre-conventional dendritic cell true A lin-negative, MHC-II-negative, CD11c-positive, FLT3-positive cell with intermediate expression of SIRP-alpha. GOC:tfm CL:0002011 A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. Marker for this cell is Kit-high, CD115-positive, CD135-positive, Cx3cr1-positive, and is Il7ra-negative. 2010-01-26T02:43:40Z murine MDP Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-positive macrophage dendritic cell progenitor true A progenitor cell that can give rise to plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells, and to monocytes and macrophages. Marker for this cell is Kit-high, CD115-positive, CD135-positive, Cx3cr1-positive, and is Il7ra-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:19273628 CL:0002012 A proerythoblast that is Kit-low, Lyg76-positive, and CD71-positive. 2010-04-26T10:31:56Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-low proerythroblast true A proerythoblast that is Kit-low, Lyg76-positive, and CD71-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 CL:0002013 A basophilic erythroblast that is GlyA-positive. 2010-04-26T10:41:15Z Markers are associated with human cells. GlyA-positive basophilic erythroblast true A basophilic erythroblast that is GlyA-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:1638021 CL:0002014 A basophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. 2010-04-26T10:41:22Z Cell surface markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-negative, Ly-76 high basophilic erythroblast true A basophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 CL:0002015 A polychromatophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. 2010-04-26T10:53:11Z late basophilic and polychromatophilic erythroblast Kit-negative, Ly-76 high polychromatophilic erythroblast true A polychromatophilic erythroblast that is Lyg 76-high and is Kit-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 CL:0002016 A polychromatiic erythroblast that is Gly-A-positive and CD71-low. 2010-04-26T10:53:16Z Cell surface markers are associated with human cells. CD71-low, GlyA-positive polychromatic erythroblast true A polychromatiic erythroblast that is Gly-A-positive and CD71-low. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:1638021 CL:0002017 An orthochromatophilic erythroblast that is ter119-high, CD71-low, and Kit-negative. 2010-04-26T11:04:15Z Cell surface markers associated with mouse cells. Kit-negative, Ly-76 high orthochromatophilic erythroblasts true An orthochromatophilic erythroblast that is ter119-high, CD71-low, and Kit-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 CL:0002018 An erythroblast that is GlyA-positive and CD71-negative. 2010-04-26T11:04:21Z Markers associated with human cells. CD71-negative, GlyA-positive orthochromatic erythroblast true An erythroblast that is GlyA-positive and CD71-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:1638021 CL:0002019 A reticulocyte that is Ly76-high and is Kit-negative. 2010-04-26T11:37:00Z Marker associated with mouse cells. Ly-76 high reticulocyte true A reticulocyte that is Ly76-high and is Kit-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:18539294 CL:0002020 A reticulocyte that is GlyA-positive. 2010-04-26T11:48:25Z Markers is associated with human cells. GlyA-positive reticulocytes true A reticulocyte that is GlyA-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:1638021 CL:0002021 An enucleate erythrocyte that is GlyA-positive. 2010-04-26T11:51:22Z Marker is associated with human cell types. GlyA-positive erythrocyte true An enucleate erythrocyte that is GlyA-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:20134094 CL:0002022 An enucleate erythrocyte that is Lyg-76-high. 2010-04-26T11:51:27Z Marker is associated with mouse cell types. Ly-76 high positive erythrocyte true An enucleate erythrocyte that is Lyg-76-high. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:19805084 CL:0002023 A megakaroycotye progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD41-positive and CD42-positive on the cell surface. 2010-04-26T02:39:09Z Markers are associated with human cell type. CD34-positive, CD41-positive, CD42-positive megakaryocyte progenitor cell true A megakaroycotye progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD41-positive and CD42-positive on the cell surface. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:15232614 CL:0002024 A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is Kit-positive, CD41-positive, CD9-positive, Sca-1-negative, IL7ralpha-negative, CD150-negative, and Fcgamma receptor II/III-low. 2010-04-26T02:39:15Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-positive megakaryocyte progenitor cell true A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is Kit-positive, CD41-positive, CD9-positive, Sca-1-negative, IL7ralpha-negative, CD150-negative, and Fcgamma receptor II/III-low. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:16951553 CL:0002025 A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD41-positive, and CD42-negative. 2010-04-26T03:52:47Z Markers are commonly associated with human cells. CD34-positive, CD41-positive, CD42-negative megakaryocyte progenitor cell true A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD41-positive, and CD42-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:15232614 CL:0002026 A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is CD34-negative, CD41-positive and CD42-positive. 2010-04-26T03:59:22Z Markers are commonly associated with human cells. CD34-negative, CD41-positive, CD42-positive megakaryocyte cell true A megakaryocyte progenitor cell that is CD34-negative, CD41-positive and CD42-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:15232614 CL:0002027 A megakaryocyte cell with is CD9-positive and CD41-positive. 2010-04-27T10:39:07Z Markers are commonly associated with mouse cells. CD9-positive, CD41-positive megakaryocyte cell true A megakaryocyte cell with is CD9-positive and CD41-positive. GOC:tfm CL:0002028 A cell type that can give rise to basophil and mast cells. This cell is CD34-positive, CD117-positive, CD125-positive, FceRIa-negative, and T1/ST2-negative, and expresses Gata-1, Gata-2, C/EBPa 2010-04-27T12:46:33Z BMCP There may be an intermediate cell type. These cells also CD13-positive, CD16-positive, CD32-positive, and integrin beta 7-positive. Transcription factors: GATA1-positive, MCP-1-positive, mitf-positive, PU.1-positive, and CEBP/a-low. basophil mast progenitor cell A cell type that can give rise to basophil and mast cells. This cell is CD34-positive, CD117-positive, CD125-positive, FceRIa-negative, and T1/ST2-negative, and expresses Gata-1, Gata-2, C/EBPa GOC:ak GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC1312421 CL:0002029 A lineage-negative, Kit-positive, CD45-positive mast cell progenitor that is Fc-epsilon RIalpha-low. 2010-04-27T01:22:19Z Fc-epsilon RIalpha-low mast cell progenitor true A lineage-negative, Kit-positive, CD45-positive mast cell progenitor that is Fc-epsilon RIalpha-low. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC1312421 CL:0002030 A lineage negative, Sca1-negative basophil progenitor cell that is Fc epsilon RIalpha-high. 2010-04-27T01:22:32Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Fc-epsilon RIalpha-high basophil progenitor cell true A lineage negative, Sca1-negative basophil progenitor cell that is Fc epsilon RIalpha-high. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC1312421 CL:0002031 A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is capable of developing into only one lineage of hematopoietic cells. 2010-01-06T03:43:20Z hematopoietic lineage restricted progenitor cell A hematopoietic progenitor cell that is capable of developing into only one lineage of hematopoietic cells. GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0002032 A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. 2010-01-06T03:43:27Z This cell type is intended to be compatible with any vertebrate hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell. For mammalian hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cells known to be lineage-negative, please use the term 'hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell' (CL_0001060). hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell A hematopoietic oligopotent progenitor cell that has the ability to differentiate into limited cell types but lacks lineage cell markers and self renewal capabilities. GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0002033 A hematopoietic stem cell capable of rapid replenishment of myeloerythroid progenitors and limited self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD34-positive, CD150-positive, and is Flt3-negative. 2010-01-08T09:19:25Z ST stem cell ST-HSC Markers are associated with mouse cells. These cells are also reportedly CD11b-low and CD90-low. short term hematopoietic stem cell true A hematopoietic stem cell capable of rapid replenishment of myeloerythroid progenitors and limited self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD34-positive, CD150-positive, and is Flt3-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:15572596 PMID:19022770 CL:0002034 A hematopoietic stem cell with long term self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD150-positive, CD90-low, CD34-negative and Flt3-negative. 2010-01-08T09:19:28Z LT stem cell LT-HSC Markers are associated with mouse cells. long term hematopoietic stem cell true A hematopoietic stem cell with long term self renewal capability. This cell is Kit-positive, Sca1-positive, CD150-positive, CD90-low, CD34-negative and Flt3-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:15572596 PMID:17582345 CL:0002035 A hematopoietic progenitor that has restricted self-renewal capability. Cell is Kit-positive, Ly6-positive, CD150-negative and Flt3-negative. 2010-01-08T11:16:33Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Slamf1-negative multipotent progenitor cell true A hematopoietic progenitor that has restricted self-renewal capability. Cell is Kit-positive, Ly6-positive, CD150-negative and Flt3-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0002036 A hematopoietic progenitor that has some limited self-renewal capability. Cells are lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD34-positive, and Slamf1-positive. 2010-01-08T11:16:35Z KSL cell Markers are associated with mouse cells. Slamf1-positive multipotent progenitor cell true A hematopoietic progenitor that has some limited self-renewal capability. Cells are lin-negative, Kit-positive, CD34-positive, and Slamf1-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:19022770 CL:0002037 Intraepithelial T cells with a memory phenotype of CD2-positive, CD5-positive, and CD44-positive. 2009-10-20T02:20:43Z memory alpha beta IEL CD2-positive, CD5-positive, CD44-positive alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell true Intraepithelial T cells with a memory phenotype of CD2-positive, CD5-positive, and CD44-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:16048545 memory alpha beta IEL PMID:16048545 CL:0002038 A CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cell located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that is BCL6-high, ICOS-high and PD1-high, and stimulates follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production. 2009-10-29T04:01:27Z T(FH) Tfh follicular B helper T cell follicular T cell follicular T-cell follicular T-helper cell follicular helper T cell follicular helper T-cell T follicular helper cell true A CD4-positive, CXCR5-positive, CCR7-negative alpha-beta T cell located in follicles of secondary lymph nodes that is BCL6-high, ICOS-high and PD1-high, and stimulates follicular B cells to undergo class-switching and antibody production. GOC:tfm PMID:19855402 PMID:20107805 PMID:22043829 T(FH) PMID:20207847 Tfh PMID:20107805 PMID:20383172 follicular B helper T cell PMID:22043829 follicular T cell PMID:20107805 PMID:21914188 follicular T-helper cell PMID:22552227 follicular helper T cell PMID:22649468 follicular helper T-cell PMID:22508770 CL:0002039 A CD24-high, CD4-low, CD8-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. 2009-10-29T04:09:16Z immature NK T cell stage I true A CD24-high, CD4-low, CD8-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17589542 CL:0002040 A CD24-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. 2009-10-29T04:13:43Z NKT.44-NK1.1-.Th NKT.44-NK1.1-.Th was assigned as an exact synonym based on sorting strategy displayed at immgene.org. immature NK T cell stage II true A CD24-low, CD44-negative, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17589542 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002041 A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-low, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. 2009-10-29T04:14:48Z NKT.44+.NK1.1-.Th immature NK T cell stage III true A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-low, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. PMID:17589542 CL:0002042 A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-high, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. 2009-10-29T04:17:38Z NKT.44+.NK1.1-.Th immature NK T cell stage IV true A CD24-low, CD44-positive, DX5-high, NK1.1-negative NK T cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17589542 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002043 A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD38-negative, CD45RA-negative, and CD90-negative. 2010-01-12T11:14:15Z Cell markers are associated with human hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cells. CD34-positive, CD38-negative multipotent progenitor cell true A hematopoietic multipotent progenitor cell that is CD34-positive, CD38-negative, CD45RA-negative, and CD90-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:18371405 PMID:19022770 CL:0002044 A basophil mast progenitor cell that is Beta-7 integrin-high, Kit-positive FcRgammaII/III-positive and Sca1-negative. 2010-04-27T01:22:38Z Markers are associated with mouse cells. Kit-positive, integrin beta7-high basophil mast progenitor cell true A basophil mast progenitor cell that is Beta-7 integrin-high, Kit-positive FcRgammaII/III-positive and Sca1-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm CL:0002045 A pro-B cell that is CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive. 2010-04-28T10:50:07Z fraction A pre pro B cell Markers associated with mouse cells. fraction A pre-pro B cell true A pro-B cell that is CD45R/B220-positive, CD43-positive, HSA-low, BP-1-negative and Ly6c-negative. This cell type is also described as being lin-negative, AA4-positive, Kit-positive, IL7Ra-positive and CD45R-positive. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:12633665 PMID:17582343 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002046 A pro-B cell that is CD22-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive and TdT-positive (has TdT activity). Pre-BCR is expressed on the cell surface. Cell is CD19-negative, CD20-negative, complement receptor type 2-negative and CD10-low. D-to-J recombination of the heavy chain occurs at this stage. 2010-04-28T11:19:11Z Markers are commonly associated with human cells. These cells are also reportedly CD21-negative. Transcription factors: PU.1-positive, Ikaros-positive, E2A-positive, and PAX5-positive. early pro-B cell true A pro-B cell that is CD22-positive, CD34-positive, CD38-positive and TdT-positive (has TdT activity). Pre-BCR is expressed on the cell surface. Cell is CD19-negative, CD20-negative, complement receptor type 2-negative and CD10-low. D-to-J recombination of the heavy chain occurs at this stage. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002047 A precursor B cell that is CD45RA-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive and BP-1-negative. 2010-04-28T11:56:21Z Fr. B Fraction B Markers are commonly associated with mouse cells. These cells are also reportedly RAG1-positive and RAG2-positive. fraction B precursor B cell true A precursor B cell that is CD45RA-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive and BP-1-negative. GOC:ak GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002048 A pre-B cell precursor is CD19-low, CD22-positive , CD34-positive, CD38-positive. 2010-04-28T12:06:06Z Late pro-B cells are also reportedly CD10-positive, CD20-negative, CD21-negative, and TdT-positive. Transcription factors: PU.1-positive, Ikaros-positive, E2A-positive, and PAX5-positive. late pro-B cell true A pre-B cell precursor is CD19-low, CD22-positive , CD34-positive, CD38-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002049 A precursor B cell that is CD45R-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive, and BP-positive. Intracellularly expression of surrogate light chain, Rag1 and Rag2, TdT, occurs while there is no expression of mu heavy chain. 2010-04-28T02:04:01Z Fraction C fraction C precursor B cell true A precursor B cell that is CD45R-positive, CD43-positive, CD24-positive, and BP-positive. Intracellularly expression of surrogate light chain, Rag1 and Rag2, TdT, occurs while there is no expression of mu heavy chain. GOC:tfm PMID:17582343 CL:0002050 A pre-BCR-positive precursor B cell that is CD24-high, CD25-positive, CD43-positive, CD45R-positive and BP-positive. 2010-04-28T02:13:46Z Fr. C' Fraction C-prime fraction C' precursor B cell true A pre-BCR-positive precursor B cell that is CD24-high, CD25-positive, CD43-positive, CD45R-positive and BP-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:17582343 CL:0002051 A pre-BCR positive B cell that is CD38-high. 2010-04-28T02:27:47Z large pre-B cell type I Markers are associated with human cells. CD38-high pre-BCR positive cell true A pre-BCR positive B cell that is CD38-high. GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002052 A pre-B cell that is pre-BCR-negative, and the kappa- and lambda- light immunoglobulin light chain-negative, CD43-low, and is BP-1-positive, CD45R-positive and CD25-positive. This cell type is also described as being AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. 2010-04-28T02:55:16Z Fr. D fraction D pre-B cell Fraction D precursor B cells are also reportedly CD24-positive and sIgD-negative. fraction D precursor B cell A pre-B cell that is pre-BCR-negative, and the kappa- and lambda- light immunoglobulin light chain-negative, CD43-low, and is BP-1-positive, CD45R-positive and CD25-positive. This cell type is also described as being AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. GOC:ak GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:17582343 PMID:18432934 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html fraction D pre-B cell GOC:tfm CL:0002053 A small pre-B cell that is CD22-positive and CD38-low. 2010-04-28T03:04:48Z small pre-B cell Markers are associated with human cell. RAG expression maybe diminishing. CD22-positive, CD38-low small pre-B cell true A small pre-B cell that is CD22-positive and CD38-low. GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002054 An immature B cell that is IgM-positive, CD45R-positive, CD43-low, CD25-negative, and CD127-negative. This cell type has also been described as being AA4-positive, IgM-positive, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. 2010-04-28T03:13:47Z Markers associated with mouse cells. These cells are also reportedly sIgD-negative. fraction E immature B cell true An immature B cell that is IgM-positive, CD45R-positive, CD43-low, CD25-negative, and CD127-negative. This cell type has also been described as being AA4-positive, IgM-positive, CD19-positive, CD43-low/negative, and HSA-positive. GOC:ak GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:17582343 PMID:18432934 CL:0002055 An immature B cell that is CD38-negative, CD10-low, CD21-low, and CD22-high. 2010-04-28T03:19:14Z Markers are associated with human cell type. CD38-negative immature B cell true An immature B cell that is CD38-negative, CD10-low, CD21-low, and CD22-high. GOC:tfm PMID:18432934 CL:0002056 A mature B cell subset originally defined as having being CD45R-positive, IgM-positive, IgD-positive and CD43-negative. Subsequent research demonstrated being CD21-positive and CD23-negative and CD93 negative. 2010-04-30T03:01:48Z fraction F mature B cell A mature B cell subset originally defined as having being CD45R-positive, IgM-positive, IgD-positive and CD43-negative. Subsequent research demonstrated being CD21-positive and CD23-negative and CD93 negative. GOC:tfm PMID:17582343 CL:0002057 A classical monocyte that is CD14-positive, CD16-negative, CD64-positive, CD163-positive. 2010-06-05T08:25:41Z CD16- monocyte CD16-negative monocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'CD16- monocyte'. The markers used in the definition are associated with human monocytes. CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte true A classical monocyte that is CD14-positive, CD16-negative, CD64-positive, CD163-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:15615263 PMID:1706877 PMID:19689341 PMID:22343568 CD16- monocyte PMID:22343568 CL:0002058 A resident monocyte that is Gr-1 low, CD43-positive, and CX3CR1-positive. 2010-06-05T08:25:44Z Markers are associated with mice. The Gr epitope is used to describe this cell type is found on both Ly6c and Ly6g. However, its the Ly6c that is considered the specific marker, and thus used in the cross-product. Also, this cell-type is sometimes described as being Gr1-negative. Gr1-low non-classical monocyte true A resident monocyte that is Gr-1 low, CD43-positive, and CX3CR1-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:8890901 CL:0002059 A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-positive. 2010-06-07T02:48:36Z CD8alpha-alpha-positive thymic conventional dendritic cell DC.8+.Th CD8alpha-positive thymic conventional dendritic cell true A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:19273629 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002060 A melanin-containing macrophage that obtains the pigment by phagocytosis of melanosomes. 2010-06-22T10:46:12Z melanophage true A melanin-containing macrophage that obtains the pigment by phagocytosis of melanosomes. GOC:tfm PMID:20479296 PMID:2943821 CL:0002061 A T-helper cell that is characterized by secreting interleukin 9 and responding to helminth infections. This cell-type can derives from Th2 cells in the presence of TGF-beta and IL-4. Th2 cytokine production is surpressed. 2010-06-22T11:18:44Z T helper cells type 9 T(H)-9 cell Th9 T-helper 9 cell true A T-helper cell that is characterized by secreting interleukin 9 and responding to helminth infections. This cell-type can derives from Th2 cells in the presence of TGF-beta and IL-4. Th2 cytokine production is surpressed. GOC:tfm PMID:18931678 PMID:19604299 PMID:20154671 Th9 PMID:18931678 CL:0002062 A type I pneumocyte is a flattened, branched pneumocyte that covers more than 98% of the alveolar surface. This large cell has thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange. 2010-06-23T04:37:54Z BTO:0000780 FMA:62500 AT1 ATI lung type 1 cells membranous pneumocytes pulmonary alveolar type I cell small alveolar cells squamous alveolar cell squamous alveolar lining cell type 1 alveolar epithelial cells type 1 pneumocyte type I alveolar cells type I alveolar epithelial cells type I pneumocyte A type I pneumocyte is a flattened, branched pneumocyte that covers more than 98% of the alveolar surface. This large cell has thin (50-100 nm) cytoplasmic extensions to form the air-blood barrier essential for normal gas exchange. GOC:tfm PMID:20054144 http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:0002063 A type II pneumocyte is a pneumocyte that modulates the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants. This cell type also contributes to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte. Thicker than squamous alveolar cells, have a rounded apical surface that projects above the level of surrounding epithelium. The free surface is covered by short microvilli. 2010-06-24T12:04:13Z BTO:0000538 FMA:62501 AT2 ATII TII cuboidal type II cell granular pneumocyte great alveolar cell lung type 2 cell type 2 alveolar epithelial cell type 2 alveolocyte type 2 pneumocyte type II alveolar cell type II alveolar epithelial cell type II alveolocyte lung type II cell type II pneumocyte A type II pneumocyte is a pneumocyte that modulates the fluid surrounding the alveolar epithelium by secreting and recycling surfactants. This cell type also contributes to tissue repair and can differentiate after injury into a type I pneumocyte. Thicker than squamous alveolar cells, have a rounded apical surface that projects above the level of surrounding epithelium. The free surface is covered by short microvilli. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 PMID:8540632 http://www.copewithcytokines.de CL:0002064 A secretory cell found in pancreatic acini that secretes digestive enzymes and mucins. This cell is a typical zymogenic cell, have a basal nucleus and basophilic cytoplasm consisting of regular arrays of granular endoplasmic reticulum with mitochondria and dense secretory granules. 2010-06-24T03:16:29Z BTO:0000028 CALOHA:TS-0737 FMA:63032 acinar cell of pancreas pancreatic acinar cell true A secretory cell found in pancreatic acini that secretes digestive enzymes and mucins. This cell is a typical zymogenic cell, have a basal nucleus and basophilic cytoplasm consisting of regular arrays of granular endoplasmic reticulum with mitochondria and dense secretory granules. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:20395539 http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=pancreatic%20acinar%20cells CL:0002065 true CL:0002066 A neuroendocrine cell found in the epithelium of the lungs and respiratory tract. This cell type is rounded or elliptical in shape, situated mainly in the basal part of the epithelium; regulates bronchial secretion, smooth muscle contraction, lobular growth, ciliary activity and chemoreception. Cell has an electron-lucent cytoplasm, contains numerous dense-cored vesicles with a clear halo between the core and the limiting membrane. 2010-06-28T08:24:30Z FMA:14118 Kultschitzky cell of bronchiole bronchiolar Kulchitsky cell respiratory enterochromaffin cell P cell Feyrter cell A neuroendocrine cell found in the epithelium of the lungs and respiratory tract. This cell type is rounded or elliptical in shape, situated mainly in the basal part of the epithelium; regulates bronchial secretion, smooth muscle contraction, lobular growth, ciliary activity and chemoreception. Cell has an electron-lucent cytoplasm, contains numerous dense-cored vesicles with a clear halo between the core and the limiting membrane. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 ISBN:0517223651 P cell CL:0002067 An enteroendocrine cell that produces glucagon. 2010-09-10T10:48:54Z FMA:62939 type A enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell that produces glucagon. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 CL:0002068 Specialized cardiac myocyte that is subendocardially interspersed with the regular cardiac muscle cell. They are uninucleate cylindrical cells, associated end-to-end in long rows, continue from the node to the atrioventricular bundle; relatively short compared to ordinary myocytes but are nearly twice their diameter. 2010-06-28T08:36:15Z BTO:0001032 FMA:14146 Purkinje cell fiber Purkinje muscle cell myocytus conducens cardiacus Purkinje myocyte Specialized cardiac myocyte that is subendocardially interspersed with the regular cardiac muscle cell. They are uninucleate cylindrical cells, associated end-to-end in long rows, continue from the node to the atrioventricular bundle; relatively short compared to ordinary myocytes but are nearly twice their diameter. FMA:0412046911 GOC:tfm PMID:19939742 CL:0002069 Mostly cylindrical, resemble Type 1 in their contents and the presence of a kinocilium and stereocilium apically; much greater variation in size, some almost span the entire thickness of the sensory epithelium, while others are smaller than Type 1; receive multiple efferent nerve boutons around their bases as well as afferent endings, which are small expansions rather than chalices. 2010-06-29T09:58:13Z FMA:67909 type 2 vestibular hair cell type 2 vestibular sensory cell type II hair cell type II vestibular sensory cell Mostly cylindrical, resemble Type 1 in their contents and the presence of a kinocilium and stereocilium apically; much greater variation in size, some almost span the entire thickness of the sensory epithelium, while others are smaller than Type 1; receive multiple efferent nerve boutons around their bases as well as afferent endings, which are small expansions rather than chalices. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002070 Bottle-shaped with narrow neck; broad, rounded basal portion where nucleus is located; stereocilia and a single kinocilium is present apically; receive nerve bouton at their base from an afferent cup-shaped (chalice or calyx) nerve ending. 2010-06-29T09:58:19Z FMA:62352 type 1 vestibular hair cell type 1 vestibular sensory cell type I hair cell type I vestibular sensory cell Bottle-shaped with narrow neck; broad, rounded basal portion where nucleus is located; stereocilia and a single kinocilium is present apically; receive nerve bouton at their base from an afferent cup-shaped (chalice or calyx) nerve ending. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002071 Columnar cell which populate the epithelium of large intestine and absorb water. This cell is the most numerous of the epithelial cell types in the large intestine; bear apical microvilli, contain secretory granules in their apical cytoplasm; secretion appears to be largely mucins, but is also rich in antibodies of the IgA type. 2010-06-29T11:07:25Z columnar cell BTO:0002484 FMA:63638 FMA:66771 columnar cell of the colon vacuolar absorptive cell enterocyte of epithelium of large intestine true Columnar cell which populate the epithelium of large intestine and absorb water. This cell is the most numerous of the epithelial cell types in the large intestine; bear apical microvilli, contain secretory granules in their apical cytoplasm; secretion appears to be largely mucins, but is also rich in antibodies of the IgA type. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002072 A specialized cardiac myocyte in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. The cell is slender and fusiform confined to the nodal center, circumferentially arranged around the nodal artery. 2010-06-29T11:41:37Z pacemaker cell BTO:0004190 FMA:67101 P cell cardiac pacemaker cell myocytus nodalis nodal myocyte A specialized cardiac myocyte in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes. The cell is slender and fusiform confined to the nodal center, circumferentially arranged around the nodal artery. FMA:67101 GOC:tfm cardiac pacemaker cell GOC:pr CL:0002073 Specialized cardiac myocyte which is in the internodal tract and atrioventricular node. The cell is more slender than ordinary atrial myocytes and has more myofibrils than nodal myocytes. 2010-06-29T02:39:32Z FMA:67142 transitional myocyte Specialized cardiac myocyte which is in the internodal tract and atrioventricular node. The cell is more slender than ordinary atrial myocytes and has more myofibrils than nodal myocytes. FMA:67142 GOC:tfm CL:0002074 The myoendocrine cellis a specialized myocyte localized mainly in the right and left atrial appendages, and also scattered within other areas of the atria and along the conductive system in the ventricular septum. The most conspicuous feature distinguishing myoendocrine cells from other atrial myoctyes is the presence of membane-bounded secretory granules (these granules contain precursor of cardiodilatins or atrial natriuretic polypeptides). 2010-06-29T11:50:47Z FMA:67111 myocardial endocrine cell The myoendocrine cellis a specialized myocyte localized mainly in the right and left atrial appendages, and also scattered within other areas of the atria and along the conductive system in the ventricular septum. The most conspicuous feature distinguishing myoendocrine cells from other atrial myoctyes is the presence of membane-bounded secretory granules (these granules contain precursor of cardiodilatins or atrial natriuretic polypeptides). FMA:67111 GOC:tfm CL:0002075 Infrequent type of columnar epithelial cell. This cell is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (approximately 120-140/cell) on the cell surface. The microvilli contain filaments that stretch into the underlying cytoplasm. They have a distinctive pear shape with a wide base and a narrow microvillous apex. Function not known. 2010-06-29T03:22:46Z pulmonary brush cell brush cell of trachebronchial tree Infrequent type of columnar epithelial cell. This cell is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (approximately 120-140/cell) on the cell surface. The microvilli contain filaments that stretch into the underlying cytoplasm. They have a distinctive pear shape with a wide base and a narrow microvillous apex. Function not known. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15817800 CL:0002076 An epithelial cell derived from endoderm. 2010-06-29T03:38:14Z FMA:69075 endo-epithelial cell An epithelial cell derived from endoderm. FMA:69075 GOC:tfm CL:0002077 An epithelial cell derived from ectoderm. 2010-06-29T03:38:22Z FMA:69074 ecto-epithelial cell An epithelial cell derived from ectoderm. FMA:69074 GOC:tfm CL:0002078 Epithelial cell derived from mesoderm or mesenchyme. 2010-06-29T03:49:14Z FMA:69076 epithelial mesenchymal cell meso-epithelial cell Epithelial cell derived from mesoderm or mesenchyme. FMA:69076 GOC:tfm CL:0002079 Epithelial cell found in the ducts of the pancreas. This cell type contributes to the high luminal pH. 2010-06-30T08:49:43Z FMA:63099 pancreatic ductal cell Epithelial cell found in the ducts of the pancreas. This cell type contributes to the high luminal pH. FMA:63099 GOC:tfm PMID:14740223 CL:0002080 A cubodial epithelial cell that is continuous with the lining of intercalated ducts that drain the acinus. This cell type secretes a high pH solution to aid in activation of zymogens, and can differentiate into endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cell types. 2010-06-30T08:49:52Z FMA:62455 centroacinar cell of Langerhans pancreatic centroacinar cell pancreatic centro-acinar cell A cubodial epithelial cell that is continuous with the lining of intercalated ducts that drain the acinus. This cell type secretes a high pH solution to aid in activation of zymogens, and can differentiate into endocrine and exocrine pancreatic cell types. GOC:tfm PMID:12142741 PMID:20018761 PMID:8185160 CL:0002081 This cell resembles a glia cell, express the glial marker S100 and act as a supporting cell to type I cell. This cell is located in a small cluster of type I and type II cells near the fork of the carotid artery. 2010-06-30T04:23:42Z FMA:84187 sheath cell of carotid body type II cell of carotid body This cell resembles a glia cell, express the glial marker S100 and act as a supporting cell to type I cell. This cell is located in a small cluster of type I and type II cells near the fork of the carotid artery. GOC:tfm PMID:7938227 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotid_body CL:0002082 A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces epinephrine. 2010-07-14T09:41:42Z FMA:69322 adremergic chromaffin cell adrenal secreting cell of the adrenal medulla epiniphrine secreting cell of the adrenal medulla type II cell of adrenal medulla true A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces epinephrine. GOC:tfm CL:0002083 A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces norepinephrine. 2010-07-14T10:12:24Z FMA:69321 noradrenergic chromaffin cell type I cell of adrenal medulla true A chromaffin cell of the adrenal medulla that produces norepinephrine. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0002084 A Boettcher cell is a polyhedral cells on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, and is located beneath Claudius cells. A Boettcher cell is considered a supporting cell for the organ of Corti, and is present only in the lower turn of the cochlea. These cells interweave with each other, and project microvilli into the intercellular space. Because of their structural specialization, a Boettcher cell is believed to play a significant role in the function of the cochlea. They demonstrate high levels of calmodulin, and may be involved in mediating Ca(2+) regulation and ion transport. 2010-07-14T03:22:02Z Boettcher's cell Bottcher cell Bottcher's cell Boettcher cell A Boettcher cell is a polyhedral cells on the basilar membrane of the cochlea, and is located beneath Claudius cells. A Boettcher cell is considered a supporting cell for the organ of Corti, and is present only in the lower turn of the cochlea. These cells interweave with each other, and project microvilli into the intercellular space. Because of their structural specialization, a Boettcher cell is believed to play a significant role in the function of the cochlea. They demonstrate high levels of calmodulin, and may be involved in mediating Ca(2+) regulation and ion transport. GOC:tfm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boettcher_cell CL:0002085 Specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS. Resemble spongioblasts seen in developing brain. Found in the adult brain in the third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, spinal canal and floor of the fourth ventricle. 2010-07-15T11:21:11Z BTO:0001953 FMA:54560 stretch cell tanycyte Specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS. Resemble spongioblasts seen in developing brain. Found in the adult brain in the third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, spinal canal and floor of the fourth ventricle. GOC:tfm http://neurolex.org/wiki/Category:Tanycyte CL:0002086 A cardiac myocyte that is an excitable cells in the myocardium, specifically in the conducting system of heart. 2010-07-21T01:33:38Z FMA:67968 specialized cardiac myocyte A cardiac myocyte that is an excitable cells in the myocardium, specifically in the conducting system of heart. FMA:67968 GOC:tfm CL:0002087 A leukocyte that lacks granules. 2010-07-22T11:30:33Z FMA:62855 agranular leukocyte nongranular leukocyte true A leukocyte that lacks granules. GOC:tfm CL:0002088 This is a cell found in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and serves as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction. ICCs mediate inputs from the enteric nervous system to smooth muscle cells and are thought to be the cells from which gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arise. 2010-07-22T03:26:00Z BTO:0003914 FMA:86573 ICC intestinal pacemaker cell Some argue this cell type is of mesenchymal origin. interstitial cell of Cajal true This is a cell found in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals and serves as a pacemaker that triggers gut contraction. ICCs mediate inputs from the enteric nervous system to smooth muscle cells and are thought to be the cells from which gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) arise. GOC:tfm PMID:16460275 PMID:19520112 intestinal pacemaker cell GOC:pr CL:0002089 A group 2 innate lymphoid cell in the mouse capable of secreting IL-13 in response to a helminth infection. This cell is lineage-negative, ICOS-positive, IL1RL1-positive, IL7Ralpha-positive, and IL17Br-positive. 2010-08-12T02:22:19Z nuocyte group 2 innate lymphoid cell, mouse A group 2 innate lymphoid cell in the mouse capable of secreting IL-13 in response to a helminth infection. This cell is lineage-negative, ICOS-positive, IL1RL1-positive, IL7Ralpha-positive, and IL17Br-positive. GOC:add GOC:tfm PMID:20200518 CL:0002090 One of two small cells formed by the first and second meiotic division of oocytes. 2010-08-23T09:49:53Z EHDAA2:0004716 FMA:85543 MESH:D059705 WBbt:0008429 XAO:0000262 polar body One of two small cells formed by the first and second meiotic division of oocytes. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_body CL:0002091 A small cell formed by the first meiotic division of oocytes. 2010-08-23T09:49:58Z EHDAA2:0000541 EMAPA:16032 FMA:18650 VHOG:0000464 first polar body polocytus primarius primary polar body A small cell formed by the first meiotic division of oocytes. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X first polar body EHDAA2:0000541 polocytus primarius FMA:18650 CL:0002092 A cell found in the bone marrow. This can include fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells. 2010-07-22T04:48:15Z BTO:0004850 FMA:83621 MESH:D001854 MH consider whether bone marrow cells are bone cells in the structural sense vs. being part of bone organ sense. bone marrow cell true A cell found in the bone marrow. This can include fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, endothelial cells and hematopoietic cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002093 A small cell formed by the second meiotic division of oocytes. In mammals, the second polar body may fail to form unless the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm cell. 2010-08-23T09:50:01Z EHDAA2:0001820 EMAPA:16034 EMAPA:16045 FMA:18651 polocytus secundarius second polar body secondary polar body A small cell formed by the second meiotic division of oocytes. In mammals, the second polar body may fail to form unless the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm cell. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X polocytus secundarius FMA:18651 second polar body EHDAA2:0001820 CL:0002094 A cell that makes up the loose connective tissue of the ovary. 2010-08-23T11:11:34Z FMA:18709 interstitial cell of ovary A cell that makes up the loose connective tissue of the ovary. GOC:tfm CL:0002095 A cell in the hilum of the ovary that produces androgens. 2010-08-23T11:18:18Z FMA:18710 hilar cell of ovary hilus cell of ovary A cell in the hilum of the ovary that produces androgens. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0002096 A specialised myocyte that lies between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node and is involved in the conduction of electrical signals. 2010-08-23T11:24:11Z FMA:223275 internodal tract myocyte A specialised myocyte that lies between the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node and is involved in the conduction of electrical signals. GOC:tfm ISBN:0781729300 CL:0002097 A cell of the adrenal cortex. Cell types include those that synthesize and secrete chemical derivatives (steroids) of cholesterol. 2010-08-24T01:37:44Z FMA:69545 adrenal cortex cell adrenocortical cell cortical cell of adrenal gland true A cell of the adrenal cortex. Cell types include those that synthesize and secrete chemical derivatives (steroids) of cholesterol. GOC:tfm CL:0002098 A cardiac myocyte that is connected to other cardiac myocytes by transverse intercalated discs (GO:0014704) at a regular interval. 2010-08-23T11:33:10Z FMA:67967 regular cardiac muscle cell regular cardiac muscle fiber regular cardiac myocyte A cardiac myocyte that is connected to other cardiac myocytes by transverse intercalated discs (GO:0014704) at a regular interval. GOC:tfm CL:0002099 A small, polyhedral, cell found in rounded groups or curved columns with deeply staining nuclei, scanty basophilic cytoplasm and a few lipid droplets. This cell in the zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids. 2010-08-24T01:42:02Z FMA:69273 epithelial cell of zona glomerulosa of adrenal gland type I cell of adrenal cortex true A small, polyhedral, cell found in rounded groups or curved columns with deeply staining nuclei, scanty basophilic cytoplasm and a few lipid droplets. This cell in the zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002100 A regular cardiac myocyte of the interventricular region of the heart. 2010-08-23T11:40:52Z FMA:228792 regular interventricular cardiac myocyte A regular cardiac myocyte of the interventricular region of the heart. GOC:tfm CL:0002101 A CD38-positive naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. CD38+ naive B cell CD38+ naive B lymphocyte CD38+ naive B-cell CD38+ naive B-lymphocyte CD38-positive naive B lymphocyte CD38-positive naive B-cell CD38-positive naive B-lymphocyte CD38-positive naive B cell true A CD38-positive naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002102 A CD38-negative naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. CD38- naive B cell CD38- naive B lymphocyte CD38- naive B-cell CD38- naive B-lymphocyte CD38-negative naive B lymphocyte CD38-negative naive B-cell CD38-negative naive B-lymphocyte CD38-negative naive B cell true A CD38-negative naive B cell is a mature B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002103 An IgG-positive double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-positive, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. IgG+ dn memory B cell IgG+ dn memory B lymphocyte IgG+ dn memory B-cell IgG+ dn memory B-lymphocyte IgG+ double negative memory B cell IgG+ double negative memory B lymphocyte IgG+ double negative memory B-cell IgG+ double negative memory B-lymphocyte IgG-positive dn memory B cell IgG-positive dn memory B lymphocyte IgG-positive dn memory B-cell IgG-positive dn memory B-lymphocyte IgG-positive double negative memory B lymphocyte IgG-positive double negative memory B-cell IgG-positive double negative memory B-lymphocyte IgG-positive double negative memory B cell true An IgG-positive double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-positive, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002104 An IgG-negative double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-negative, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. IgG- dn memory B cell IgG- dn memory B lymphocyte IgG- dn memory B-cell IgG- dn memory B-lymphocyte IgG- double negative memory B cell IgG- double negative memory B lymphocyte IgG- double negative memory B-cell IgG- double negative memory B-lymphocyte IgG-negative dn memory B cell IgG-negative dn memory B lymphocyte IgG-negative dn memory B-cell IgG-negative dn memory B-lymphocyte IgG-negative double negative memory B lymphocyte IgG-negative double negative memory B-cell IgG-negative double negative memory B-lymphocyte IgG-negative double negative memory B cell true An IgG-negative double negative memory B cell is a double negative memory B cell with the phenotype IgG-negative, IgD-negative, and CD27-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002105 A CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-positive. CD38+ IgG memory B cell CD38+ IgG memory B lymphocyte CD38+ IgG memory B-cell CD38+ IgG memory B-lymphocyte CD38-positive IgG memory B lymphocyte CD38-positive IgG memory B-cell CD38-positive IgG memory B-lymphocyte CD38-positive IgG memory B cell true A CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a class switched memory B cell that expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002106 An IgD-positive CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. IgD-positive CD38-positive IgG memory B cell true An IgD-positive CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002107 An IgD-negative CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive that has class switched and lacks expression of IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. IgD-negative CD38-positive IgG memory B cell true An IgD-negative CD38-positive IgG memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-positive that has class switched and lacks expression of IgD on the cell surface with the phenotype IgD-negative, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002108 A CD38-negative IgG memory B cell is a IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-negative, and IgG-positive. CD38-negative IgG memory B cell true A CD38-negative IgG memory B cell is a IgG-positive class switched memory B cell that has class switched and expresses IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-negative, and IgG-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002109 A B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. B220+CD38+ naive B cell B220+CD38+ naive B lymphocyte B220+CD38+ naive B-cell B220+CD38+ naive B-lymphocyte B220-positive CD38-positive naive B lymphocyte B220-positive CD38-positive naive B-cell B220-positive CD38-positive naive B-lymphocyte CD38+B220+ naive B cell CD38+B220+ naive B lymphocyte CD38+B220+ naive B-cell CD38+B220+ naive B-lymphocyte B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell true A B220-positive CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, and that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002110 A B220-low CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. B220-low CD38-positive naive B cell A B220-low CD38-positive naive B cell is a CD38-positive naive B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, surface IgD-positive, surface IgM-positive, and CD27-negative, that has not yet been activated by antigen in the periphery. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002111 An CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. CD38- unswitched memory B cell CD38- unswitched memory B lymphocyte CD38- unswitched memory B-cell CD38- unswitched memory B-lymphocyte CD38-negative unswitched memory B lymphocyte CD38-negative unswitched memory B-cell CD38-negative unswitched memory B-lymphocyte CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell true An CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002112 A B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell true A B220-positive CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002113 A B220-low CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. B220-low CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-negative unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-negative, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002114 A CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. CD38+ unswitched memory B cell CD38+ unswitched memory B lymphocyte CD38+ unswitched memory B-cell CD38+ unswitched memory B-lymphocyte CD38-positive unswitched memory B lymphocyte CD38-positive unswitched memory B-cell CD38-positive unswitched memory B-lymphocyte CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell true A CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is an unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002115 A B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell true A B220-positive CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002116 A B220-low CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. B220-low CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell is a CD38-positive unswitched memory B cell that has the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, IgD-positive, CD138-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002117 A class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface. IgG- class switched memory B cell IgG- class switched memory B lymphocyte IgG- class switched memory B-cell IgG- class switched memory B-lymphocyte IgG-negative class switched memory B lymphocyte IgG-negative class switched memory B-cell IgG-negative class switched memory B-lymphocyte IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true A class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002118 A CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative and IgG-negative. CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true A CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-negative and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002119 A CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is an IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-negative. CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true A CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is an IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD38-positive and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002120 An CD24-positive CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-positive, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. CD24-positive CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true An CD24-positive CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-positive, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002121 A CD24-negative CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-negative, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. CD24-negative CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true A CD24-negative CD38-negative IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-negative IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype CD24-negative, CD38-negative, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002122 A B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-negative. B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell true A B220-positive CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-positive, CD38-positive, and IgG-negative. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002123 A B220-low CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. B220-low CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell A B220-low CD38-positive IgG-negative memory B cell is a CD38-positive IgG-negative class switched memory B cell that lacks IgG on the cell surface with the phenotype B220-low, CD38-positive, and IgG-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:rhs GOC:tfm PMID:20123131 CL:0002124 A circulating gamma-delta T cell that is CD27-positive and capable of producing IFN-gamma. 2010-08-18T09:57:19Z gammadelta27-positive gd27-positive CD27-positive gamma-delta T cell true A circulating gamma-delta T cell that is CD27-positive and capable of producing IFN-gamma. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:19270712 CL:0002125 A circulating gamma-delta T cell that expresses RORgamma(t), is CD27-negative and is capable of IL-17 secretion. 2010-08-18T09:57:29Z gammadelta-17 cells CD27-negative gamma-delta T cell true A circulating gamma-delta T cell that expresses RORgamma(t), is CD27-negative and is capable of IL-17 secretion. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:19270712 gammadelta-17 cells PMID:21976777 CL:0002126 A CD25-positive, CD27-positive immature gamma-delta T cell found in the thymus that has an immature phenotype (i.e. CD24-high, CD25-high, CD62L-high, CD44-high, CD2-low, CD5-low). 2010-08-18T10:35:37Z CD25-positive, CD27-positive immature gamma-delta T cell true A CD25-positive, CD27-positive immature gamma-delta T cell found in the thymus that has an immature phenotype (i.e. CD24-high, CD25-high, CD62L-high, CD44-high, CD2-low, CD5-low). GOC:tfm PMID:19270712 CL:0002127 A T cell with a receptor of limited diversity that is capable of immediate effector functions upon stimulation. 2010-08-20T02:14:25Z innate effector T cell true A T cell with a receptor of limited diversity that is capable of immediate effector functions upon stimulation. GOC:tfm PMID:20581831 CL:0002128 A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and capable of producing IL-17 and some IFNg. CD8-positive Th17 cell Tc17 CD8+ T cell Tc17 T cell Tc17 T lymphocyte Tc17 T-cell Tc17 T-lymphocyte Th17 CD8-positive T cell Th17 non-TFH CD8-positive T cell This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'Tc17 CD8+ T cell', but its logical definition includes additional known characteristics of Tc17 T cells. Found in the CD27-positive, CD28-positive or CD27-negative, CD28-positive fractions with the phenotype CCR4-negative and CCR7-negative (this sentence not part of definition). Tc17 cell true A CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype CXCR3-negative, CCR6-positive, CCR5-high, CD45RA-negative, and capable of producing IL-17 and some IFNg. GOC:add GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:19201830 PMID:22343568 Tc17 CD8+ T cell PMID:22343568 CL:0002129 Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac atrium. 2010-08-23T11:41:03Z FMA:83108 atrial cardiac muscle cell atrial myocyte regular atrial cardiac muscle fiber regular cardiac muscle cell of atrium regular atrial cardiac myocyte Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac atrium. GOC:tfm atrial cardiac muscle cell GOC:pr CL:0002130 A cardiac myocyte of the interatrial region of the heart. 2010-08-23T11:41:09Z FMA:228790 regular interatrial cardiac myocyte A cardiac myocyte of the interatrial region of the heart. GOC:tfm CL:0002131 Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac ventricle. 2010-08-23T11:41:13Z ventricular cardiac muscle cell FMA:83109 regular cardiac muscle cell of ventricle regular ventricular cardiac muscle fiber ventricular myocyte regular ventricular cardiac myocyte Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac ventricle. GOC:tfm ventricular cardiac muscle cell GOC:pr CL:0002132 A stomal cell of the ovary 2010-08-23T12:10:31Z FMA:72299 ovarian stromal cell stromal cell of ovary A stomal cell of the ovary GOC:tfm ovarian stromal cell GOC:cjm CL:0002133 A stromal cell of the ovarian cortex. 2010-08-23T12:12:15Z FMA:256169 stromal cell of ovarian cortex A stromal cell of the ovarian cortex. GOC:tfm CL:0002134 A stromal cell of the ovarian medulla. 2010-08-23T12:12:17Z FMA:256171 stromal cell of ovarian medulla true A stromal cell of the ovarian medulla. GOC:tfm CL:0002135 Epidermal cells that do not contain keratin. Cell type is usually associated with moist epidermal tissues. 2010-08-24T08:43:27Z FMA:62880 nonkeratinized cell of epidermis Epidermal cells that do not contain keratin. Cell type is usually associated with moist epidermal tissues. GO:tfm PMID:1987287 CL:0002136 A cell in the zona fasciculata that produce glucocorticoids, e.g cortisol. 2010-08-24T01:50:42Z FMA:69547 type II cortical cell of adrenal gland type II cell of adrenal cortex A cell in the zona fasciculata that produce glucocorticoids, e.g cortisol. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002137 A cell in the zona reticularis that produce sex hormones. 2010-08-24T01:50:44Z FMA:69564 type III cell of adrenal cortex A cell in the zona reticularis that produce sex hormones. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002138 A endothelial cell of a lymphatic vessel. The border of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell of initial lymphatics are joined by specialized buttons. The discontinuous feature of buttons distinguishes them from zippers in collecting lymphatics, but both types of junctions are composed of proteins typical of adherens junctions and tight junctions found in the endothelium of blood vessels. Buttons seal the sides of flaps of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell, leaving open the tips of flaps as routes for fluid entry without disassembly and reformation of intercellular junctions. 2010-08-24T02:05:28Z BTO:0004167 FMA:68458 LEC lymphatic endothelial cell endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel true A endothelial cell of a lymphatic vessel. The border of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell of initial lymphatics are joined by specialized buttons. The discontinuous feature of buttons distinguishes them from zippers in collecting lymphatics, but both types of junctions are composed of proteins typical of adherens junctions and tight junctions found in the endothelium of blood vessels. Buttons seal the sides of flaps of the oak leaf-shaped endothelial cell, leaving open the tips of flaps as routes for fluid entry without disassembly and reformation of intercellular junctions. GOC:tfm PMID:17846148 CL:0002139 An endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. 2010-08-24T02:06:40Z BTO:0001854 CALOHA:TS-1106 FMA:67755 vascular endothelial cell cubodial endothelial cell of vascular tree These cells are reportedly CD31-positive, CD34-positive, CD144-positive, TAL1-positive. endothelial cell of vascular tree An endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:12768659 CL:0002140 A sebum secreting cell of the skin that secretes sebum into the hair follicles. 2010-08-24T09:27:52Z sebocyte BTO:0004613 FMA:70953 acinar cell of sebaceous gland true A sebum secreting cell of the skin that secretes sebum into the hair follicles. GOC:tfm CL:0002141 A parathyroid chief cell that is actively secreting hormone. Have large Golgi complexes with numerous vesicles and small membrane-bound granules; secretory granules are rare, cytoplasmic glycogen sparse, much of the cytoplasm being occupied by flat sacs of granular endoplasmic reticulum in parallel arrays; in normal humans, inactive chief cells outnumber active chief cells in a ratio of 3-5:1 2010-08-24T09:30:15Z FMA:69082 active chief cell of parathyroid gland A parathyroid chief cell that is actively secreting hormone. Have large Golgi complexes with numerous vesicles and small membrane-bound granules; secretory granules are rare, cytoplasmic glycogen sparse, much of the cytoplasm being occupied by flat sacs of granular endoplasmic reticulum in parallel arrays; in normal humans, inactive chief cells outnumber active chief cells in a ratio of 3-5:1 FMA:0517223651 GOC:tfm CL:0002142 A cell pyramidal in shape, with their broad ends facing and forming the greater extent of the lining of the main lumen. Secretes glycoproteins associated with mucus. 2010-08-24T02:15:16Z FMA:70659 dark cell of eccrine sweat gland A cell pyramidal in shape, with their broad ends facing and forming the greater extent of the lining of the main lumen. Secretes glycoproteins associated with mucus. ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002143 A chief cell that is smaller than light chief cells and has a smaller and darker nucleus and a finely granular cytoplasm with many granules. 2010-08-24T02:18:36Z FMA:69080 dark chief cell of parathyroid gland A chief cell that is smaller than light chief cells and has a smaller and darker nucleus and a finely granular cytoplasm with many granules. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002144 An endothelial cell found in capillaries. 2010-08-24T10:15:00Z BTO:0004956 CALOHA:TS-0112 FMA:67756 capillary endothelial cell An endothelial cell found in capillaries. GOC:tfm CL:0002145 A ciliated columnar cell found in the trachea and bronchus. Vary from low to tall columnar; possesses up to 300 cilia at its surface, interspersed with long irregular microvilli with the cilia varying in length from about 6um in the trachea to about 4um in the terminal bronchioles; driving force of the ciliary current in the bronchial tree. 2010-08-24T03:38:29Z FMA:70542 ciliated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree A ciliated columnar cell found in the trachea and bronchus. Vary from low to tall columnar; possesses up to 300 cilia at its surface, interspersed with long irregular microvilli with the cilia varying in length from about 6um in the trachea to about 4um in the terminal bronchioles; driving force of the ciliary current in the bronchial tree. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002146 A sweat producing cell of eccrine sweat glands. Pyramidal in shape, with its base resting on the basal lamina or myoepitheliocytes, and its microvillus-covered apical plasma membrane line up the intercellular canaliculi. Cell is not stained by hematoxylin or eosin. 2010-08-24T10:33:02Z FMA:70658 clear cell of eccrine sweat gland A sweat producing cell of eccrine sweat glands. Pyramidal in shape, with its base resting on the basal lamina or myoepitheliocytes, and its microvillus-covered apical plasma membrane line up the intercellular canaliculi. Cell is not stained by hematoxylin or eosin. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002147 A chief cell of parathyroid glands that does not stain with hematoxylin or eosin. This cell is larger, has a larger nucleus and fewer secretory granules than dark chief cells. 2010-08-24T10:39:42Z FMA:69081 clear chief cell of parathyroid cell clear chief cell of parathyroid gland A chief cell of parathyroid glands that does not stain with hematoxylin or eosin. This cell is larger, has a larger nucleus and fewer secretory granules than dark chief cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002148 A cell found within the dental pulp. 2010-08-24T02:52:09Z CALOHA:TS-0195 FMA:87170 dental pulp cell A cell found within the dental pulp. GOC:tfm PMID:36267574 CL:0002149 An epithelial cell of the uterus. 2010-08-24T10:45:54Z FMA:256161 epithelial cell of uterus true An epithelial cell of the uterus. GOC:tfm CL:0002150 Epithelioid macrophage is an activated macrophage that resembles an epithelial cell with finely granular, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and central, ovoid nucleus (oval or elongate). This cell type is able to merge into one another to form aggregates. The presence of such aggregates may characterize some pathologic conditions, mainly granulomatous inflammation. 2010-08-24T03:48:30Z epithelioid cell FMA:83514 epithelioid histocyte epitheloid macrophage epithelioid macrophage Epithelioid macrophage is an activated macrophage that resembles an epithelial cell with finely granular, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm and central, ovoid nucleus (oval or elongate). This cell type is able to merge into one another to form aggregates. The presence of such aggregates may characterize some pathologic conditions, mainly granulomatous inflammation. MESH:D015622 PMID:12673090 epithelioid histocyte MESH:D015622 PMID:12673090 CL:0002151 A promyelocyte that is considerably smaller, with more condensed chromatin, and nucleoli are no longer conspicuous. 2010-08-24T03:07:50Z FMA:83534 late promyelocyte A promyelocyte that is considerably smaller, with more condensed chromatin, and nucleoli are no longer conspicuous. ISBN:0412046911 CL:0002152 A columnar cell of the cervix uteri. 2010-08-24T10:47:47Z FMA:86486 columnar cell of endocervix A columnar cell of the cervix uteri. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002153 The dead keratin-filled squamous cell of the stratum corneum. This cell type lacks a nucleus. 2010-08-24T10:53:03Z BTO:0001943 FMA:68650 corneocyte The dead keratin-filled squamous cell of the stratum corneum. This cell type lacks a nucleus. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0002154 A promyelocyte with a nucleus that is indented and contains more marginated heterochromatin compared to its precursor cell (myeloblast); cytoplasm is deeply basophilic and contains numerous mitochondria and meandering cysternae of endoplasmic reticulum; largest of the granulocyte lineages. 2010-08-24T03:07:53Z FMA:83533 early promyelocyte A promyelocyte with a nucleus that is indented and contains more marginated heterochromatin compared to its precursor cell (myeloblast); cytoplasm is deeply basophilic and contains numerous mitochondria and meandering cysternae of endoplasmic reticulum; largest of the granulocyte lineages. FMA:0412046911 GOC:tfm CL:0002155 A crenated erythrocyte with 30+ crenations, bumps or spurs that are the result of damage due to age or disease. 2010-08-24T03:15:21Z FMA:81099 burr cell echinocyte A crenated erythrocyte with 30+ crenations, bumps or spurs that are the result of damage due to age or disease. GOC:tfm CL:0002156 true CL:0002157 A cell type that makes up the highly vascular membrane lining the marrow cavity of long bones. 2010-08-24T03:33:58Z FMA:86495 endosteal cell A cell type that makes up the highly vascular membrane lining the marrow cavity of long bones. FMA:0618947256 GOC:tfm CL:0002158 Epithelial cell found on the external side of the tympanic membrane 2010-08-25T10:25:31Z FMA:70558 external epithelial cell of tympanic membrane Epithelial cell found on the external side of the tympanic membrane GOC:tfm PMID:5686391 CL:0002159 Epithelial cells derived from general body ectoderm and ectoderm placodes. 2010-08-26T08:31:08Z FMA:70556 general ecto-epithelial cell Epithelial cells derived from general body ectoderm and ectoderm placodes. GOC:tfm CL:0002160 A cell type found in the basal epithelial layer on the external side of the tympanic membrane. Cell type is flattened with intracellular spaces of variable dimensions. 2010-08-25T10:28:44Z basal external epithelial cell of tympanic membrane A cell type found in the basal epithelial layer on the external side of the tympanic membrane. Cell type is flattened with intracellular spaces of variable dimensions. PMID:5686391 CL:0002161 A cell type found on the superficial layer of the external side of the tympanic membrane. This cell-type lacks a nucleus. 2010-08-25T10:28:48Z superficial external epithelial cell of tympanic membrane A cell type found on the superficial layer of the external side of the tympanic membrane. This cell-type lacks a nucleus. PMID:5686391 CL:0002162 An extremely flattened cell type found on the inner side of the tympanic membrane. The surface of this cell type carries sparse pleomorphic microvilli that are more common near the junctional zones. 2010-08-25T10:49:46Z FMA:70626 internal epithelial cell of tympanic membrane An extremely flattened cell type found on the inner side of the tympanic membrane. The surface of this cell type carries sparse pleomorphic microvilli that are more common near the junctional zones. FMA:5686391 GOC:tfm CL:0002163 A rod-shpaed cell that forms a single row adjacent to and supporting the inner hair cells. 2010-08-25T11:05:21Z FMA:75726 internal pillar cell of cochlea A rod-shpaed cell that forms a single row adjacent to and supporting the inner hair cells. GOC:tfm http://www.theodora.com/anatomy/the_internal_ear_or_labyrinth.html CL:0002164 A rod-shaped cell found in 3 or 4 rows that lie adjacent to and support the outer hair cells. 2010-08-25T11:05:23Z FMA:75727 external pillar cell of cochlea A rod-shaped cell found in 3 or 4 rows that lie adjacent to and support the outer hair cells. GOC:tfm http://www.theodora.com/anatomy/the_internal_ear_or_labyrinth.html CL:0002165 A supporting cell that is attached to the basement membrane and forms rows that support the hair cells. 2010-08-25T01:29:07Z FMA:79800 phalangeal cell A supporting cell that is attached to the basement membrane and forms rows that support the hair cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002166 An epithelial cell that remains from the disintegration of the epithelial root sheath involved in the development of teeth. 2010-08-26T08:51:27Z FMA:62987 epithelial cell rests of Malassez epithelial debris of Malassez epithelial cell of Malassez true An epithelial cell that remains from the disintegration of the epithelial root sheath involved in the development of teeth. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 ISBN:0815129521 CL:0002167 A specialized cell involved in sensory perception of smell. 2010-08-26T01:47:13Z FMA:67870 olfactory epithelial cell A specialized cell involved in sensory perception of smell. GOC:tfm PMID:7143026 CL:0002168 A border cell is a slender columnar cell on the medial portion of the basilar membrane. 2010-08-25T01:47:12Z FMA:79798 border cell of cochlea A border cell is a slender columnar cell on the medial portion of the basilar membrane. FMA:0412046911 GOC:tfm CL:0002169 An epithelial cell located on the basal lamina of the olfactory epithelium. 2010-08-26T01:58:54Z horizontal basal cell FMA:62303 basal cell of olfactory epithelium true An epithelial cell located on the basal lamina of the olfactory epithelium. GOC:tfm PMID:7143026 CL:0002170 A keratinized cell located in the hard palate or gingiva. 2010-08-26T02:51:30Z keratinized cell of the oral mucosa A keratinized cell located in the hard palate or gingiva. GOC:tfm PMID:12014572 CL:0002171 A rounded or elliptical epithelial cell, with pale-staining open face nucleus and pale cytoplasm rich in free ribosomes and clusters of centrioles; form a distinct basal zone spaced slightly from the basal surface of the epithelium. 2010-08-26T01:59:18Z FMA:67874 blastema cell of olfactory epithelium globose cell of olfactory epithelium A rounded or elliptical epithelial cell, with pale-staining open face nucleus and pale cytoplasm rich in free ribosomes and clusters of centrioles; form a distinct basal zone spaced slightly from the basal surface of the epithelium. GOC:tfm PMID:17468753 CL:0002172 A long, spindle-shaped supporting cells arranged in parallel rows that secretes components of the tectorial membrane and potassium ions into the endolymph. 2010-08-25T02:02:48Z FMA:79797 interdental cell interdental cell of cochlea A long, spindle-shaped supporting cells arranged in parallel rows that secretes components of the tectorial membrane and potassium ions into the endolymph. GOC:tfm MP:0004482 PMID:2111803 CL:0002173 A cell that is a specialized type of pericyte providing structural support for the capillary loops of kidney. A flat, elongated cell with extensive fine cytoplasmic processes found outside the kidney glomerulus near the macula densa and bound laterally by afferent and efferent arterioles. Being phagocytic, this cell participates in the continuous turnover of the basal lamina by removing its outer portion containing residues of filtration, while the lamina is renewed on its inner surface by the endothelial cells. 2010-08-25T02:20:55Z FMA:84143 KUPO:0001033 Goormaghtigh cell polar cushion cells lacis cell extraglomerular mesangial cell true A cell that is a specialized type of pericyte providing structural support for the capillary loops of kidney. A flat, elongated cell with extensive fine cytoplasmic processes found outside the kidney glomerulus near the macula densa and bound laterally by afferent and efferent arterioles. Being phagocytic, this cell participates in the continuous turnover of the basal lamina by removing its outer portion containing residues of filtration, while the lamina is renewed on its inner surface by the endothelial cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 http:/www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=Lacis%20cells CL:0002174 A cell within the follicle of an ovary. 2010-08-25T03:01:27Z EMAPA:31247 FMA:70589 follicular cell of ovary A cell within the follicle of an ovary. GOC:tfm CL:0002175 A cell within the primary follicle of the ovary. 2010-08-25T03:03:42Z FMA:70590 primary follicular cell of ovary A cell within the primary follicle of the ovary. GOC:tfm CL:0002176 A cell of a secondary follicile within the ovary. 2010-08-25T03:03:48Z FMA:70591 secondary follicular cell of ovary A cell of a secondary follicile within the ovary. GOC:tfm CL:0002177 A supporting cell of the anterior pituitary gland involved in trophic and catabolic processes; expresses a broad spectrum of cytokeratins indicative of their epithelial nature. 2010-08-25T03:10:10Z FMA:83102 folliculostellate cell of pars anterior of adenohypophysis folliculostellate cell of pars distalis of adenohypophysis true A supporting cell of the anterior pituitary gland involved in trophic and catabolic processes; expresses a broad spectrum of cytokeratins indicative of their epithelial nature. GOC:tfm CL:0002178 An epithelial cell found in the lining of the stomach. 2010-08-25T03:22:08Z FMA:62948 epithelial cell of stomach true An epithelial cell found in the lining of the stomach. GOC:tfm CL:0002179 An epithelial cell within one of the pits in the embryonic gastric mucosa from which the gastric glands develop . 2010-08-25T03:23:22Z FMA:86552 foveolar cell of stomach An epithelial cell within one of the pits in the embryonic gastric mucosa from which the gastric glands develop . GOC:tfm http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/foveolar CL:0002180 A mucous cell in the epithelium of the stomach. 2010-08-25T03:38:51Z FMA:63464 mucous cell of stomach A mucous cell in the epithelium of the stomach. GOC:tfm CL:0002181 A neck cell that secretes mucus within the stomach. Its products are distinct histochemically from those of the surface mucous cells of stomach. 2010-08-25T03:41:30Z FMA:62954 mucus neck cell of gastric gland mucous neck cell of gastric gland true true A neck cell that secretes mucus within the stomach. Its products are distinct histochemically from those of the surface mucous cells of stomach. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002182 A simple columnar cell that populates the entire luminal surface including the gastric pits. This cell types secrete mucus to form a thick protective, lubricant layer over the gastric wall. 2010-08-25T03:45:10Z FMA:62949 surface mucosal cell of stomach A simple columnar cell that populates the entire luminal surface including the gastric pits. This cell types secrete mucus to form a thick protective, lubricant layer over the gastric wall. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002183 A stomach epithelial cell that is olumnar in form with a few short apical microvilli; relatively undifferentiated mitotic cell from which other types of gland are derived; few in number, situated in the isthmus region of the gland and base of the gastric pit. 2010-08-25T03:57:08Z FMA:62953 stem cell of gastric gland true A stomach epithelial cell that is olumnar in form with a few short apical microvilli; relatively undifferentiated mitotic cell from which other types of gland are derived; few in number, situated in the isthmus region of the gland and base of the gastric pit. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002184 A flat or angular epithelial cell with condensed nuclei and darkly staining cytoplasm containing numerous intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes contacting surrounding supporting cells; lie in contact with the basal lamina of olfactory epithelium. 2010-08-26T01:59:22Z FMA:62304 horizontal basal cells basal proper cell of olfactory epithelium A flat or angular epithelial cell with condensed nuclei and darkly staining cytoplasm containing numerous intermediate filaments inserted into desmosomes contacting surrounding supporting cells; lie in contact with the basal lamina of olfactory epithelium. GOC:tfm PMID:0517223651 PMID:11891623 CL:0002185 true CL:0002186 true CL:0002187 A basally situated, mitotically active, columnar-shaped keratinocyte attached to the basement membrane. 2010-08-26T03:12:49Z FMA:70571 basal cell of epidermis true A basally situated, mitotically active, columnar-shaped keratinocyte attached to the basement membrane. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002188 An endothelial cell found in the glomerulus of the kidney. This cell is flattened, highly fenestrated, and plays a vital role in the formation of glomerular ultrafiltrate. 2010-08-26T10:59:44Z BTO:0004632 FMA:70970 glomerular endothelial cell true An endothelial cell found in the glomerulus of the kidney. This cell is flattened, highly fenestrated, and plays a vital role in the formation of glomerular ultrafiltrate. GOC:tfm PMID:15840009 CL:0002189 A keratinocyte of the epidermis that is characterized by containing granules of keratohyalin and lamellar granules. 2010-08-26T03:19:00Z FMA:70543 granular cell of epidermis A keratinocyte of the epidermis that is characterized by containing granules of keratohyalin and lamellar granules. ISBN:1416031855 CL:0002190 A flat keratinocyte immediately below the cornified layer. 2010-08-26T03:37:02Z FMA:86925 squamous cell of epidermis A flat keratinocyte immediately below the cornified layer. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002191 A cell involved in the formation of a granulocyte. 2010-08-30T12:54:27Z FMA:83519 granulocytopoietic cell true A cell involved in the formation of a granulocyte. GOC:tfm CL:0002192 A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myelocyte and a band form cell. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. 2010-08-30T01:08:15Z FMA:83541 metamyelocyte A eosinophil precursor in the granulocytic series, being a cell intermediate in development between a myelocyte and a band form cell. The nucleus becomes indented where the indentation is smaller than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin; chromatin becomes coarse and clumped; specific granules predominate while primary granules are rare. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721601464 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamyelocyte CL:0002193 A cell type that is the first of the maturation stages of the granulocytic leukocytes normally found in the bone marrow. Granules are seen in the cytoplasm. The nuclear material of the myelocyte is denser than that of the myeloblast but lacks a definable membrane. The cell is flat and contains increasing numbers of granules as maturation progresses. 2010-08-30T01:08:19Z BTO:0000734 FMA:83525 myelocyte A cell type that is the first of the maturation stages of the granulocytic leukocytes normally found in the bone marrow. Granules are seen in the cytoplasm. The nuclear material of the myelocyte is denser than that of the myeloblast but lacks a definable membrane. The cell is flat and contains increasing numbers of granules as maturation progresses. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelocyte CL:0002194 A cell involved in the formation of a monocyte (monopoiesis). 2010-08-30T01:27:48Z FMA:83552 monopoietic cell true A cell involved in the formation of a monocyte (monopoiesis). GOC:tfm CL:0002195 A stem cell that can give rise to the cells of the liver. The term usually refers to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver (differently from 'hepatoblast', often used for fetal precursors of hepatocytes). 2010-08-30T02:00:42Z FMA:86577 HpSC hepatic stem cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/800 true A stem cell that can give rise to the cells of the liver. The term usually refers to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver (differently from 'hepatoblast', often used for fetal precursors of hepatocytes). GOC:tfm PMID:26798363 HpSC PMID:18442648 CL:0002196 A transient hepatic stem cell observed after liver injury with a high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio that can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and bile duct cells. Arises from more than one tissue. Liver progenitor cells have been variously named in rodent and human studies as oval cells, hepatic progenitor cells, liver stem cells, ductular reactions, or atypical ductular cells. They were first described as oval cells in rats due to their large nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio and oval-shaped nuclei. On the difference between 'hepatic liver stem cells' (HLSC) and 'oval cells': "... unlike a well-known hepatic progenitor cell population, known as oval cells in rodents, HLSCs do not express CK-7, CK-19, c-kit, CD133 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (Gaudio et al., 2009)". 2010-08-30T02:01:49Z BTO:0004270 FMA:86576 hepatic oval cell hepatic progenitor cell liver progenitor cell hepatic oval stem cell A transient hepatic stem cell observed after liver injury with a high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio that can differentiate into mature hepatocytes and bile duct cells. Arises from more than one tissue. PMID:17901986 Liver progenitor cells have been variously named in rodent and human studies as oval cells, hepatic progenitor cells, liver stem cells, ductular reactions, or atypical ductular cells. They were first described as oval cells in rats due to their large nuclear-to-cytoplasm ratio and oval-shaped nuclei. On the difference between 'hepatic liver stem cells' (HLSC) and 'oval cells': "... unlike a well-known hepatic progenitor cell population, known as oval cells in rodents, HLSCs do not express CK-7, CK-19, c-kit, CD133 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (Gaudio et al., 2009)". hepatic progenitor cell liver progenitor cell CL:0002197 A parathyroid chief cell that is not actively secreting hormone. Contains small Golgi complexes with only a few grouped vesicles and membrane-bound secretory granules; glycogen and many lipofuscin granules abound but sacs of granular endoplasmic reticulum are rare and dispersed. In normal humans, inactive chief cells out number active chief cells in a ratio of 3-5:1. 2010-09-02T11:14:01Z inactive chief cell of parathyoid gland A parathyroid chief cell that is not actively secreting hormone. Contains small Golgi complexes with only a few grouped vesicles and membrane-bound secretory granules; glycogen and many lipofuscin granules abound but sacs of granular endoplasmic reticulum are rare and dispersed. In normal humans, inactive chief cells out number active chief cells in a ratio of 3-5:1. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002198 A large epithelial cell with an extremely acidophilic and granular cytoplasm, containing vast numbers of mitochondria; such cells may undergo neoplastic transformation. From the Greek word onkos meaning swelling, this cell type is found in parathyroid, salivary and thyroid glands. 2010-09-02T11:26:49Z FMA:67606 MESH:D024862 oxyphil oncocyte A large epithelial cell with an extremely acidophilic and granular cytoplasm, containing vast numbers of mitochondria; such cells may undergo neoplastic transformation. From the Greek word onkos meaning swelling, this cell type is found in parathyroid, salivary and thyroid glands. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 PMID:20013317 CL:0002199 An oncocyte located in the parathyroid gland. 2010-09-02T11:33:23Z FMA:69084 oxyphil cell of parathyroid gland An oncocyte located in the parathyroid gland. PMID:20013317 CL:0002200 An oncocyte located in the thyroid. 2010-09-02T11:33:26Z FMA:87169 Askanazy cells Hurthle cells oxyphil cell of thyroid An oncocyte located in the thyroid. GOC:tfm PMID:20013317 CL:0002201 A renal intercalated cell that secretes base and reabsorbs acid in the distal segments of the kidney tubule to maintain acid/base balance. 2010-09-02T01:43:55Z type B intercalated cell type B-IC renal beta-intercalated cell A renal intercalated cell that secretes base and reabsorbs acid in the distal segments of the kidney tubule to maintain acid/base balance. GOC:tfm PMID:11781354 PMID:25632105 type B intercalated cell PMID:25632105 type B-IC PMID:25632105 CL:0002202 An epithelial cell of the tracheobronchial tree. 2010-09-02T02:09:14Z FMA:66816 epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell of the tracheobronchial tree. GOC:tfm CL:0002203 Brush cell found in the epithelial layer of the colon. 2010-09-02T02:20:50Z FMA:263222 brush cell of large intestine tuft cell of epithelium of large intestine tuft cell of large intestine Brush cells are a distinct cell type from brush border cell-types. brush cell of epithelium proper of large intestine Brush cell found in the epithelial layer of the colon. GOC:tfm brush cell of large intestine http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 tuft cell of epithelium of large intestine http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 tuft cell of large intestine http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0002204 A cell type found in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts that is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (120-140 per cell). Function of this cell type is not known. 2010-09-02T02:28:53Z FMA:67978 caveolated cell fibrillovesicular cell multivesicular cell tuft cell brush cell A cell type found in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts that is characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (120-140 per cell). Function of this cell type is not known. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15817800 CL:0002205 A brush cell found in the epithelium of lobular bronchiole. 2010-09-02T02:38:34Z FMA:263220 brush cell of lobular bronchiole A brush cell found in the epithelium of lobular bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:0002206 A brush cell of the epithelium in the terminal bronchiole. 2010-09-02T02:38:36Z FMA:263228 brush cell of terminal bronchiole A brush cell of the epithelium in the terminal bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:0002207 Brush cell of the epithelium in the trachea. 2010-09-02T02:38:37Z FMA:263224 brush cell of trachea true true Brush cell of the epithelium in the trachea. GOC:tfm CL:0002208 A brush cell found in the epithelium of bronchus. 2010-09-02T02:38:42Z FMA:263226 brush cell of bronchus A brush cell found in the epithelium of bronchus. GOC:tfm CL:0002209 An epithelial cell present in the trachea and bronchi; columnar in shape; generally lack cilia; immature forms of ciliated or secretory cells which have been formed from stem cells. 2010-09-02T02:53:59Z FMA:69060 undifferentiated columnar cell of tracheobronchial tree intermediate epitheliocyte An epithelial cell present in the trachea and bronchi; columnar in shape; generally lack cilia; immature forms of ciliated or secretory cells which have been formed from stem cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002210 A slow muscle cell that contains high levels of myoglobin and oxygen storing proteins giving the cell a red appearance. 2010-09-02T03:20:03Z FMA:84448 oxidative muscle fiber red muscle fiber red muscle cell A slow muscle cell that contains high levels of myoglobin and oxygen storing proteins giving the cell a red appearance. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002211 A slow muscle cell that has large amounts of myoglobin, stores energy as triglycerides, generates ATP by the oxidative method and is resistant to fatigue. 2010-09-02T03:24:05Z BTO:0001812 CALOHA:TS-0940 FMA:84413 slow twitch fiber slow twitch muscle cell slow twitch muscle fiber slow-twitch muscle fiber type 1 muscle cell type 1 muscle fiber type I muscle fiber intermediate muscle fiber type I muscle cell A slow muscle cell that has large amounts of myoglobin, stores energy as triglycerides, generates ATP by the oxidative method and is resistant to fatigue. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 slow twitch muscle fiber MESH:D018657 slow-twitch muscle fiber MESH:D018657 intermediate muscle fiber MESH:D018657 CL:0002212 A fast muscle fiber cell that stores energy in the form of glycogen and creatine phosphate. 2010-09-02T03:28:45Z BTO:0001813 FMA:84414 type 2 muscle cell type 2 muscle fiber type II muscle fiber type II muscle cell A fast muscle fiber cell that stores energy in the form of glycogen and creatine phosphate. GOC:tfm CL:0002213 A muscle cell with low content of myoglobin and other oxygen storing proteins. This muscle cell has a white appearance. 2010-09-02T03:28:48Z FMA:84449 white muscle cell A muscle cell with low content of myoglobin and other oxygen storing proteins. This muscle cell has a white appearance. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002214 A type II muscle cell that contains large amounts of myoglobin, has many mitochondria and very many blood capillaries. Type II A cells are red, have a very high capacity for generating ATP by oxidative metabolic processes, split ATP at a very rapid rate, have a fast contraction velocity and are resistant to fatigue. 2010-09-02T03:31:38Z BTO:0001813 FMA:84415 fast twitch A fatigue resistant fast twitch muscle cell type 2a muscle cell type 2a muscle fiber type IIa muscle fiber type IIa muscle cell A type II muscle cell that contains large amounts of myoglobin, has many mitochondria and very many blood capillaries. Type II A cells are red, have a very high capacity for generating ATP by oxidative metabolic processes, split ATP at a very rapid rate, have a fast contraction velocity and are resistant to fatigue. GOC:tfm CL:0002215 A type II muscle cell that contains a low content of myoglobin, relatively few mitochondria, relatively few blood capillaries and large amounts of glycogen. Type II B fibres are white, geared to generate ATP by anaerobic metabolic processes, not able to supply skeletal muscle fibres continuously with sufficient ATP, fatigue easily, split ATP at a fast rate and have a fast contraction velocity. 2010-09-02T03:31:42Z FMA:84416 type 2b muscle cell type 2b muscle fiber type IIb muscle fiber type IIb muscle cell A type II muscle cell that contains a low content of myoglobin, relatively few mitochondria, relatively few blood capillaries and large amounts of glycogen. Type II B fibres are white, geared to generate ATP by anaerobic metabolic processes, not able to supply skeletal muscle fibres continuously with sufficient ATP, fatigue easily, split ATP at a fast rate and have a fast contraction velocity. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle CL:0002216 An intermediate muscle cell that has characteristics of both fast and slow muscle cells. 2010-09-02T03:51:17Z FMA:84450 intermediate muscle cell An intermediate muscle cell that has characteristics of both fast and slow muscle cells. GOC:tfm CL:0002217 A trophoblast that leaves the placenta and invades the endometrium and myometrium. This cell type is crucial in increasing blood flow to the fetus. 2010-09-02T04:04:36Z BTO:0002366 FMA:86564 intermediate trophoblast cell A trophoblast that leaves the placenta and invades the endometrium and myometrium. This cell type is crucial in increasing blood flow to the fetus. GOC:tfm http://www.med.yale.edu/obgyn/kliman/placenta/articles/EOR_Placenta/Trophtoplacenta.html CL:0002218 A double negative thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. 2010-10-07T01:58:00Z immature DEC precursor immature DETC precursor NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. immature dendritic epithelial T cell precursor A double negative thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org CL:0002219 A trophoblast found at the junction of the placenta. This cell type makes a unique fibronectin-trophouteronectin junction that helps mediate attachment of the placenta to the uterus. This cell type is also found junction of the chorion layer of the external membranes and the decidua. 2010-09-02T04:14:28Z anchoring trophoblast A trophoblast found at the junction of the placenta. This cell type makes a unique fibronectin-trophouteronectin junction that helps mediate attachment of the placenta to the uterus. This cell type is also found junction of the chorion layer of the external membranes and the decidua. GOC:tfm http://www.med.yale.edu/obgyn/kliman/placenta/articles/EOR_Placenta/Trophtoplacenta.html CL:0002220 A cell located between the pinealocytes. 2010-09-02T04:28:41Z FMA:86575 interstitial cell of pineal gland A cell located between the pinealocytes. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002221 A squamous cell that has keratin in the esophagus. 2010-09-07T10:11:06Z FMA:86549 keratinized squamous cell of esophagus A squamous cell that has keratin in the esophagus. GOC:tfm PMID:11694559 CL:0002222 A cell comprising the transparent, biconvex body separating the posterior chamber and vitreous body, and constituting part of the refracting mechanism of the mammalian eye. 2010-09-07T10:38:03Z FMA:70950 vertebrate lens cell A cell comprising the transparent, biconvex body separating the posterior chamber and vitreous body, and constituting part of the refracting mechanism of the mammalian eye. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002223 A cell of the transparent layer of simple cuboidal epithelium over the anterior surface of the lens; transform into lens fiber(s). 2010-09-07T10:45:45Z FMA:63181 anterior lens cell A cell of the transparent layer of simple cuboidal epithelium over the anterior surface of the lens; transform into lens fiber(s). GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002224 A cell of the cuboidal epithelium that covers the lens. The cells of the lens epithelium regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens. As ions, nutrients, and liquid enter the lens from the aqueous humor, Na+/K+ ATPase pumps in the lens epithelial cells pump ions out of the lens to maintain appropriate lens osmolarity and volume, with equatorially positioned lens epithelium cells contributing most to this current. The activity of the Na+/K+ ATPases keeps water and current flowing through the lens from the poles and exiting through the equatorial regions. The cells of the lens epithelium also serve as the progenitors for new lens fibers. It constantly lays down fibers in the embryo, fetus, infant, and adult, and continues to lay down fibers for lifelong growth. 2010-09-07T10:45:47Z FMA:67559 lens epithelial cell true A cell of the cuboidal epithelium that covers the lens. The cells of the lens epithelium regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens. As ions, nutrients, and liquid enter the lens from the aqueous humor, Na+/K+ ATPase pumps in the lens epithelial cells pump ions out of the lens to maintain appropriate lens osmolarity and volume, with equatorially positioned lens epithelium cells contributing most to this current. The activity of the Na+/K+ ATPases keeps water and current flowing through the lens from the poles and exiting through the equatorial regions. The cells of the lens epithelium also serve as the progenitors for new lens fibers. It constantly lays down fibers in the embryo, fetus, infant, and adult, and continues to lay down fibers for lifelong growth. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_%28anatomy%29#Lens_epithelium CL:0002225 A lens fiber cell that develops from primary lens fiber; located towards the center of lens; cell organelles are normally degraded or in the process of being degraded. 2010-09-07T10:53:39Z secondary lens fibre secondary lens fiber A lens fiber cell that develops from primary lens fiber; located towards the center of lens; cell organelles are normally degraded or in the process of being degraded. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002226 A secondary lens fiber cell that lacks a nucleus. 2010-09-07T11:15:23Z FMA:67561 non-nucleated secondary lens fibre non-nucleated secondary lens fiber A secondary lens fiber cell that lacks a nucleus. GOC:tfm CL:0002227 A secondary fiber cell that contains a nucleus. 2010-09-07T11:15:26Z FMA:70949 nucleated secondary lens fibre nucleated secondary lens fiber A secondary fiber cell that contains a nucleus. GOC:tfm CL:0002228 An elongating cell that rapidly obliterates the lumen of the lens vesicle. Subsequently, differentiation of this cell type at the lens equator leads to the formation of secondary fiber cells that come to overlie the primary fibers. 2010-09-07T11:19:01Z FMA:70613 primary lens fibre primary lens fiber An elongating cell that rapidly obliterates the lumen of the lens vesicle. Subsequently, differentiation of this cell type at the lens equator leads to the formation of secondary fiber cells that come to overlie the primary fibers. GOC:tfm PMID:10711704 CL:0002229 A chief cell that is bigger than dark chief cells and has a larger and lighter nucleus and a cytoplasm with few granules. 2010-09-07T11:46:54Z FMA:69079 light chief cell of parathyroid gland A chief cell that is bigger than dark chief cells and has a larger and lighter nucleus and a cytoplasm with few granules. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002230 true CL:0002231 An epithelial cell of the prostate. 2010-09-07T01:49:29Z FMA:256163 FMA:66817 prostate epithelial cell epithelial cell of prostate true An epithelial cell of the prostate. GOC:tfm CL:0002232 An epithelial cell of prostatic duct. 2010-09-07T01:55:51Z FMA:74224 ductal epithelial cell of prostate epithelial cell of prostatic duct true An epithelial cell of prostatic duct. GOC:tfm ductal epithelial cell of prostate FMA:74224 CL:0002233 An epithelial cell of the prostatic acinus. 2010-09-07T01:55:53Z FMA:74223 acinar epithelial cell of prostate epithelial cell of prostatic acinus true An epithelial cell of the prostatic acinus. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC2673349 acinar epithelial cell of prostate FMA:74223 CL:0002234 A cell of the basal layer of the epithelium in the prostatic acinus. 2010-09-07T01:59:08Z FMA:74265 basal epithelial cell of prostatic acinus basal cell of prostatic acinus A cell of the basal layer of the epithelium in the prostatic acinus. GOC:tfm basal epithelial cell of prostatic acinus FMA:74265 CL:0002235 A cell of the luminal layer of the epithelium in the prostatic acinus. 2010-09-07T01:59:10Z FMA:74266 luminal cell of prostatic acinus A cell of the luminal layer of the epithelium in the prostatic acinus. GOC:tfm CL:0002236 A cell that constitutes the basal layer of epithelium in the prostatic duct. 2010-09-07T01:59:12Z FMA:74226 basal epithelial cell of prostatic duct A cell that constitutes the basal layer of epithelium in the prostatic duct. GOC:tfm PMID:15226377 CL:0002237 A cell that constitutes the luminal layer of epithelium of prostatic duct. 2010-09-07T01:59:16Z FMA:74225 luminal epithelial cell of prostatic duct A cell that constitutes the luminal layer of epithelium of prostatic duct. GOC:tfm CL:0002238 A primordial germ cell that is destined to become a male germ cell. 2010-09-07T02:11:13Z EHDAA2:0001053 EMAPA:18686 FMA:84771 VHOG:0000662 male primordial germ cell testis primordial germ cell male gonocyte A primordial germ cell that is destined to become a male germ cell. GOC:tfm testis primordial germ cell VHOG:0000662 CL:0002239 A primordial cell from which an oocyte (ovum) ultimately is developed. 2010-09-07T02:11:16Z EHDAA2:0000505 EMAPA:17965 FMA:84772 ISBN:0721662544 VHOG:0000661 ovary primordial germ cell ovigerm ooblast A primordial cell from which an oocyte (ovum) ultimately is developed. GOC:tfm ovary primordial germ cell VHOG:0000661 ovigerm FMA:84772 CL:0002240 A fibroblast in the bone marrow. 2010-09-07T02:25:18Z FMA:84377 marrow fibroblast A fibroblast in the bone marrow. GOC:tfm CL:0002241 A fibroblasts found in interstitial spaces in the pulmonary tract. Greater numbers of these cells are found in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. 2010-09-07T02:29:38Z FMA:84467 pulmonary myofibroblast pulmonary septal cell pulmonary interstitial fibroblast true A fibroblasts found in interstitial spaces in the pulmonary tract. Greater numbers of these cells are found in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. GOC:tfm CL:0002242 A cell containing at least one nucleus. 2010-09-07T03:32:33Z FMA:67513 nucleate cell A cell containing at least one nucleus. GOC:tfm CL:0002243 A circular smooth muscle cell of the iris, innervated by the ciliary nerves (parasympathetic), and acting to contract the pupil. This muscle cell derives from neuroectoderm. This smooth muscle cell results from transformation of epithelial cells to smooth muscle cells. 2010-09-08T08:53:42Z FMA:70611 smooth muscle fiber of sphincter of pupil smooth muscle fibre of sphincter of pupil smooth muscle cell of sphincter of pupil true A circular smooth muscle cell of the iris, innervated by the ciliary nerves (parasympathetic), and acting to contract the pupil. This muscle cell derives from neuroectoderm. This smooth muscle cell results from transformation of epithelial cells to smooth muscle cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 ISBN:0721694128 CL:0002244 A nonstratified squamous cell located in the ectocervix. 2010-09-08T09:12:23Z FMA:86483 ectocervical squamous cell squamous cell of ectocervix A nonstratified squamous cell located in the ectocervix. GOC:tfm http://www.bu.edu/histology/p/19404loa.htm CL:0002245 OBSOLETE: A lymphocyte that lacks T or B cell surface markers. 2010-09-07T03:43:42Z FMA:83601 obsolete null lymphocyte true OBSOLETE: A lymphocyte that lacks T or B cell surface markers. GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X CL:0002246 A hematopoeitic stem cell found in the blood. Normally found in very limited numbers in the peripheral circulation (less than 0.1% of all nucleated cells). 2010-09-07T03:57:09Z BTO:0002669 FMA:86711 MESH:D000072916 PBSC peripheral blood stem cell true A hematopoeitic stem cell found in the blood. Normally found in very limited numbers in the peripheral circulation (less than 0.1% of all nucleated cells). GOC:tfm CL:0002247 A tissue macrophage that is in the pleural space. 2010-09-07T04:16:43Z FMA:83024 pleural macrophage A tissue macrophage that is in the pleural space. GOC:tfm CL:0002248 A pluripotent stem cell has the ability to form cells from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). However, unlike totipotent stem cells, they cell can not generate all the cells of the whole organism such as placenta. 2010-09-07T04:26:06Z FMA:70570 MESH:D039904 pluripotent stem cell A pluripotent stem cell has the ability to form cells from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). However, unlike totipotent stem cells, they cell can not generate all the cells of the whole organism such as placenta. GOC:tfm PMID:19343304 CL:0002249 A stem cell that can differentiate into a cardiac myocyte. 2010-09-07T04:40:32Z FMA:75620 primitive cardiac myocyte A stem cell that can differentiate into a cardiac myocyte. GOC:tfm PMID:16938308 CL:0002250 A cell that is found in a zone occupying the bottom region of the crypt; provide the source of most of the cell types of the intestinal epithelium; proliferate by mitotic division; differentiates into columnar or goblet cells. 2010-09-08T09:21:22Z FMA:63379 stem cell of intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn intestinal crypt stem cell A cell that is found in a zone occupying the bottom region of the crypt; provide the source of most of the cell types of the intestinal epithelium; proliferate by mitotic division; differentiates into columnar or goblet cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002251 An epithelial cell of the musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus. 2010-09-08T09:26:53Z epithelial cell of alimentary canal An epithelial cell of the musculomembranous digestive tube extending from the mouth to the anus. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002252 An epithelial cell of the esophagus. 2010-09-08T09:28:20Z FMA:63071 epithelial cell of esophagus true An epithelial cell of the esophagus. GOC:tfm CL:0002253 An epithelial cell of the large intestine. 2010-09-08T09:28:22Z BTO:0004297 FMA:256157 epithelial cell of colon epithelial cell of large intestine true An epithelial cell of the large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002254 An epithelial cell of the small intestine. 2010-09-08T09:41:46Z FMA:256159 epithelial cell of small intestine true An epithelial cell of the small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002255 A stromal cell of the endometrium that is fibroblastic in appearance. During decidualization this cell may differentiate into a decidual stromal cell. 2010-09-08T09:50:04Z CALOHA:TS-1266 FMA:86490 endometrial stromal cell endometrial stromal fibroblast stromal cell of endometrium true A stromal cell of the endometrium that is fibroblastic in appearance. During decidualization this cell may differentiate into a decidual stromal cell. PMID:11331626 PMID:30013421 PMID:30309298 Wiki:Decidualization&oldid=908981933#Endometrial_stromal_cells_(ESCs) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1040-z endometrial stromal fibroblast PMID:30309298 CL:0002256 A supportive cell that has characteristics of glial cell. Processes of this cell envelope the junctions between glomus cells and nerve endings. 2010-09-08T10:34:45Z FMA:84188 carotid body sustentacular cell supporting cell of carotid body A supportive cell that has characteristics of glial cell. Processes of this cell envelope the junctions between glomus cells and nerve endings. GOC:tfm PMID:8985136 http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=glomus%20cells CL:0002257 An epithelial cell of thyroid gland. 2010-09-08T01:46:51Z FMA:256167 MESH:D000072637 epithelial cell of thyroid gland true An epithelial cell of thyroid gland. GOC:tfm CL:0002258 A cell type that varies from squamous to columnar, depending on their activity with microvillus directed luminally. This cell produces and secretes thyroid hormones. 2010-09-08T01:50:08Z BTO:0003736 CALOHA:TS-1285 FMA:68782 follicular cell of thyroid gland principal cell of thyroid gland thyroid gland follicular cell thyroid follicular cell A cell type that varies from squamous to columnar, depending on their activity with microvillus directed luminally. This cell produces and secretes thyroid hormones. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002259 The stem cell from which glial precursor cell arises from. 2010-09-08T02:14:14Z FMA:87171 totipotent neuroepithelial stem cell neuroepithelial stem cell The stem cell from which glial precursor cell arises from. GOC:tfm PMID:11687496 CL:0002260 An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland. 2010-09-08T02:29:38Z FMA:70547 epithelial cell of parathyroid gland true An epithelial cell of the parathyroid gland. GOC:tfm CL:0002261 An endothelial cell found in the mucosa associated with the facial skeleton. 2010-09-14T10:40:12Z FMA:70627 endothelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa An endothelial cell found in the mucosa associated with the facial skeleton. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002262 An endothelial cell that lines any of the venous cavities through which blood passes in various glands and organs such as the spleen and liver. 2010-09-14T10:57:26Z FMA:63134 endothelial cell of sinusoid An endothelial cell that lines any of the venous cavities through which blood passes in various glands and organs such as the spleen and liver. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002263 One of three types of epithelial cells that populate the parathyroid gland; cytological characteristics intermediate between those of the chief cell and of the oxyphil cell. Because only one hormone is produced, the three cell forms are widely believed to be different phases in the life cycle of a single cell type, with the chief cell being its physiologically active stage. 2010-09-08T02:33:50Z FMA:69324 transitional cell of parathyroid gland One of three types of epithelial cells that populate the parathyroid gland; cytological characteristics intermediate between those of the chief cell and of the oxyphil cell. Because only one hormone is produced, the three cell forms are widely believed to be different phases in the life cycle of a single cell type, with the chief cell being its physiologically active stage. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 CL:0002264 A type of enteroendocrine cell found in the stomach that secretes glucagon. 2010-09-10T10:54:42Z FMA:83411 type A cell of stomach A type of enteroendocrine cell found in the stomach that secretes glucagon. GOC:tfm CL:0002265 A D cell located in the colon. 2010-09-10T11:37:35Z FMA:268744 colon D-cell colonic delta cell delta cell of colon type D cell of colon A D cell located in the colon. GOC:tfm CL:0002266 A type D cell of the small intestine. 2010-09-10T01:34:22Z FMA:268736 delta cell of small intestine small intestine D-cell small intestine delta cell type D cell of small intestine A type D cell of the small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002267 A type D cell found in the stomach. 2010-09-10T01:36:03Z FMA:83410 delta cell of stomach stomach D-cell stomach delta cell type D cell of stomach A type D cell found in the stomach. GOC:tfm CL:0002268 An enteroendocrine cell that stores and secretes Ghrelin. 2010-09-10T01:47:45Z FMA:63418 P/D1 enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell that stores and secretes Ghrelin. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15153415 CL:0002269 An endocrine cell that secretes vasoactive intestinal peptide. 2010-09-10T01:52:20Z vasoactive intestinal peptide secreting cell An endocrine cell that secretes vasoactive intestinal peptide. GOC:tfm CL:0002270 A type EC enteroendocrine cell in the duodenum and jejunum that stores and secretes motilin and 5-hydroxytryptamine. 2010-09-10T02:13:47Z Mo enteroendocrine cell FMA:62941 type EC2 enteroendocrine cell A type EC enteroendocrine cell in the duodenum and jejunum that stores and secretes motilin and 5-hydroxytryptamine. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15153415 CL:0002271 A type EC enteredocrine cell in the intestines that stores and secretes substance P and 5-hydroxytryptamine. 2010-09-10T02:13:49Z FMA:62940 type EC1 enteroendocrine cell A type EC enteredocrine cell in the intestines that stores and secretes substance P and 5-hydroxytryptamine. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002272 A cell that secretes motilin, a gastric hormone that at low pH inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH has a stimulating effect. 2010-09-10T02:31:13Z motilin secreting cell A cell that secretes motilin, a gastric hormone that at low pH inhibits gastric motor activity, whereas at high pH has a stimulating effect. GOC:tfm MESH:D009037 CL:0002273 A type EC enteroendocrine cell type that is numerous in the fundus of the stomach; stores 5-hydroxytryptamine and histamine. 2010-09-10T02:35:17Z FMA:63208 type ECL enteroendocrine cell A type EC enteroendocrine cell type that is numerous in the fundus of the stomach; stores 5-hydroxytryptamine and histamine. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15153415 CL:0002274 A cell type that secretes histamine. 2010-09-10T03:04:42Z histamine secreting cell A cell type that secretes histamine. GOC:tfm CL:0002275 A PP cell located in the islets of the pancreas. 2010-09-10T03:30:31Z BTO:0000805 FMA:70588 MESH:D050418 PP cell of pancreatic islet PP-cell of pancreatic islet pancreatic polypeptide-secreting cell The term PP cell of pancreatic acinus was obsoleted due to a lack of evidence, making PP cell of pancreatic islets synonymous with pancreatic PP cell. pancreatic PP cell A PP cell located in the islets of the pancreas. GOC:tfm CL:0002276 OBSOLETE: A PP cell located in the pancreatic acinus. Obsoleted due to a lack of published evidence that this cell type is actually found in the pancreatic acinus. 2010-09-10T03:30:33Z FMA:85400 type F cell of pancreatic acinus obsolete PP cell of pancreatic acinus true OBSOLETE: A PP cell located in the pancreatic acinus. Obsoleted due to a lack of published evidence that this cell type is actually found in the pancreatic acinus. GOC:tfm CL:0002277 An enteroendocrine cell commonest in the duodenum and jejunum, rare in ileum, that secretes cholecystokinin. This cell type is involved in the regulation of digestive enzymes and bile. 2010-09-10T03:44:36Z FMA:62937 CCK cell type I enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell commonest in the duodenum and jejunum, rare in ileum, that secretes cholecystokinin. This cell type is involved in the regulation of digestive enzymes and bile. GOC:tfm CL:0002278 An enteroendocrine cell of duodenum and jejunum that produces gastric inhibitory peptide. 2010-09-10T03:51:47Z FMA:62942 type K enteroendocrine cell GIP cell An enteroendocrine cell of duodenum and jejunum that produces gastric inhibitory peptide. GOC:tfm CL:0002279 A enteroendocrine cell type that is numerous in ileum, present in jejunum and large intestine, few in duodenum. This cell type produces glucagon-like immunoreactants (glicentin, glucagon-37, glucagon-29, GLP-1 and -2) and PYY. 2010-09-10T03:59:09Z FMA:62944 type L enteroendocrine cell A enteroendocrine cell type that is numerous in ileum, present in jejunum and large intestine, few in duodenum. This cell type produces glucagon-like immunoreactants (glicentin, glucagon-37, glucagon-29, GLP-1 and -2) and PYY. ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15153415 CL:0002280 An enteroendocrine cell found in the ileum and jejunum that produces neurotensin. 2010-09-10T04:08:29Z FMA:62943 N cell type N enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell found in the ileum and jejunum that produces neurotensin. GOC:tfm CL:0002281 Scattered in duodenojejunal mucosa, this enteroendocrine cell secretes secretin and serotonin. 2010-09-10T04:44:46Z FMA:62936 type S enteroendocrine cell Scattered in duodenojejunal mucosa, this enteroendocrine cell secretes secretin and serotonin. GOC:tfm PMID:15153415 CL:0002282 An enteroendocrine cell which produces a gastrin- and cholecystokinin-like peptide. The apical microvilli-rich plasma membrane is in open contact with the small intestine mucosa. This cell type is devoid of gastrin-17 but contains other fragments of the gastrin polypeptide. 2010-09-13T09:48:34Z FMA:63421 type TG enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell which produces a gastrin- and cholecystokinin-like peptide. The apical microvilli-rich plasma membrane is in open contact with the small intestine mucosa. This cell type is devoid of gastrin-17 but contains other fragments of the gastrin polypeptide. DOI:10.1007/978-3-211-99390-3 GOC:tfm PMID:7013499 CL:0002283 An epithelial cell of the mucosa associated with facial skeleton. 2010-09-14T11:04:02Z FMA:70581 ecto-epithelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa An epithelial cell of the mucosa associated with facial skeleton. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 CL:0002284 An enteroendocrine cell found in the fundus and pylorus; this cell type has dense round secretory granules that contain ghrelin. 2010-09-13T10:12:12Z FMA:63209 A-like X/A-like type X enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell found in the fundus and pylorus; this cell type has dense round secretory granules that contain ghrelin. GOC:tfm PMID:20616512 CL:0002285 A taste receptor cell that is characterized by morphologically identifiable synaptic contacts with the gustatory nerve fibers and expression of the synaptic membrane protein-25 (SNAP-25) and NCAM. 2010-09-13T10:57:21Z taste bud basal cell FMA:67940 type 3 taste cell type III taste bud cell A taste receptor cell that is characterized by morphologically identifiable synaptic contacts with the gustatory nerve fibers and expression of the synaptic membrane protein-25 (SNAP-25) and NCAM. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15738192 CL:0002286 A taste receptor cell that has a short microvilli, a projecting apical region, a large rounded nucleus, and expresses taste chemoreceptors thus making them the transducing cell for taste qualities. 2010-09-13T10:57:26Z FMA:62381 type 2 taste cell type II taste cell A taste receptor cell that has a short microvilli, a projecting apical region, a large rounded nucleus, and expresses taste chemoreceptors thus making them the transducing cell for taste qualities. GOC:tfm PMID:15738192 CL:0002287 A rounded, mitotically active stem cell which is the source of new cells of the taste bud; located basally. 2010-09-13T10:57:29Z taste bud basal cell FMA:62380 type 4 taste cell There is debate about the exact lineage of these cell types from this progenitor. See PMID:15738192. type IV taste receptor cell A rounded, mitotically active stem cell which is the source of new cells of the taste bud; located basally. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15738192 CL:0002288 A cell type that forms the boundary with the surrounding epithelium. 2010-09-13T10:57:31Z FMA:67941 type V taste receptor cell A cell type that forms the boundary with the surrounding epithelium. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002289 A densely staining taste receptor cell that contains many dense vacuoles in their apical regions which project into the apical space and bear microvilli. This cell type serves as a supporting cell by surrounding and isolating the other cell types from each other; secrete a dense amorphous material that surrounds the microvilli in the taste pore. This cell type expresses a glial glutumate transporter, GLAST. 2010-09-13T10:57:35Z FMA:62356 dark tongue cell type I taste cell type taste 1 cell type I taste bud cell A densely staining taste receptor cell that contains many dense vacuoles in their apical regions which project into the apical space and bear microvilli. This cell type serves as a supporting cell by surrounding and isolating the other cell types from each other; secrete a dense amorphous material that surrounds the microvilli in the taste pore. This cell type expresses a glial glutumate transporter, GLAST. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 ISBN:0517223651 PMID:15738192 CL:0002290 A sperm bearing a Y chromosome. Chromosomal and genetic sex is established at fertilization in mammals and depends upon whether an X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the X-bearing ovum. 2010-09-13T11:35:24Z FMA:84058 Y bearing sperm Y-bearing sperm Y chromosome-bearing sperm cell A sperm bearing a Y chromosome. Chromosomal and genetic sex is established at fertilization in mammals and depends upon whether an X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the X-bearing ovum. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721669743 CL:0002291 A sperm bearing an X chromosome. Chromosomal and genetic sex is established at fertilization in mammals and depends upon whether an X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the X-bearing ovum. 2010-09-13T11:35:26Z FMA:84057 X bearing sperm X-bearing sperm X chromosome-bearing sperm cell A sperm bearing an X chromosome. Chromosomal and genetic sex is established at fertilization in mammals and depends upon whether an X-bearing sperm or a Y-bearing sperm fertilizes the X-bearing ovum. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721669743 CL:0002292 A round or oval neuroepithelial cell that contacts other type I cells or capillaries. They occur in clusters that are surrounded by sheath cells (type-II cells) in the carotid body. This cell type is capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters. 2010-09-13T01:40:21Z FMA:84186 glomus cell type I cell of carotid body A round or oval neuroepithelial cell that contacts other type I cells or capillaries. They occur in clusters that are surrounded by sheath cells (type-II cells) in the carotid body. This cell type is capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002293 An epithelial cell of the thymus. Epithelial reticular cells are pleomorphic, stellate, non-phagocytic cells which seem to be supportive in function and are held together by desmosomes. They replace the fibroblastoid reticular cells found in other lymphoid organs. Other epithelial cells in the medulla have the ultrastructure of secretory cells. Although different epithelial cells throughout the thymus appear alike by light microscopy their ultrastructure and function varies. 2010-09-13T02:34:22Z CALOHA:TS-1040 FMA:72208 epithelial cell of thymus gland epithelial reticular cell epithelial reticular cell of thymus thymic epithelial cell epithelial cell of thymus true An epithelial cell of the thymus. Epithelial reticular cells are pleomorphic, stellate, non-phagocytic cells which seem to be supportive in function and are held together by desmosomes. They replace the fibroblastoid reticular cells found in other lymphoid organs. Other epithelial cells in the medulla have the ultrastructure of secretory cells. Although different epithelial cells throughout the thymus appear alike by light microscopy their ultrastructure and function varies. FMA:72208 GOC:tfm CL:0002294 An epithelial cell with a well defined Golgi apparatus that makes up the continuous layer of cells bordering the thymic tissue beneath the capsule. 2010-09-13T02:37:23Z FMA:72209 subcapsular thymic epithelial cell type-1 epithelial cell of thymus An epithelial cell with a well defined Golgi apparatus that makes up the continuous layer of cells bordering the thymic tissue beneath the capsule. GOC:tfm PMID:9264335 subcapsular thymic epithelial cell PMID:18194204 PMID:2694455 CL:0002295 A thymic epithelial cell that has an eccentric, round, or irregularly shaped hetero or euchromatic nucleus. The hallmark of this cell type is the presence of vacuoles, which are clustered in one area of the cytoplasm in the vicinity of the nucleus. The vacuoles are small and acquire a grape-like form, occasionally showing delicate internal microvillous projections. 2010-09-13T02:37:26Z FMA:72214 cystic thymic epithelial cells large mTEC large medullary thymic epithelial cells type-6 epithelial cell of thymus A thymic epithelial cell that has an eccentric, round, or irregularly shaped hetero or euchromatic nucleus. The hallmark of this cell type is the presence of vacuoles, which are clustered in one area of the cytoplasm in the vicinity of the nucleus. The vacuoles are small and acquire a grape-like form, occasionally showing delicate internal microvillous projections. GOC:tfm PMID:19721455 PMID:9264335 CL:0002296 An epithelial cell with high nuclear and cytoplasmic electron-density. This cell type is found in the deeper portions of the cortex but is more abundant in the medulla of the thymus. 2010-09-13T02:37:45Z FMA:72212 dark thymic epithelial cell type-4 epithelial cell of thymus An epithelial cell with high nuclear and cytoplasmic electron-density. This cell type is found in the deeper portions of the cortex but is more abundant in the medulla of the thymus. FMA:0412046911 GOC:tfm PMID:9264335 CL:0002297 A thymic epithelial cell with moderate nuclear and cytoplasmic electron-density. Scattered in the cortex, this cell type is predominant in the mid and deep cortex. 2010-09-13T02:37:51Z FMA:72211 intermediate thymic epithelial cell type-3 epithelial cell of thymus A thymic epithelial cell with moderate nuclear and cytoplasmic electron-density. Scattered in the cortex, this cell type is predominant in the mid and deep cortex. PMID:9264335 CL:0002298 A thymic epithelial cell type with low nuclear and cytoplasmic electrondensity; has a round, euchromatic nucleus and occurs in small groups at the corticomedullary junction or scattered singly in the medulla. 2010-09-13T02:37:54Z FMA:72213 undifferentiated mTEC undifferentiated medullary thymic epithelial cell undifferentiated thymic epithelial cell type-5 epithelial cell of thymus A thymic epithelial cell type with low nuclear and cytoplasmic electrondensity; has a round, euchromatic nucleus and occurs in small groups at the corticomedullary junction or scattered singly in the medulla. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 PMID:19721455 PMID:9264335 CL:0002299 An epithelial cell scattered in the cortex, predominant in the outer cortex with a large pale nucleus and a prominent nucleolus. 2010-09-13T02:37:58Z FMA:72210 pale thymic epithelial cell type-2 epithelial cell of thymus An epithelial cell scattered in the cortex, predominant in the outer cortex with a large pale nucleus and a prominent nucleolus. GOC:tfm ISBN:0412046911 PMID:9264335 CL:0002300 A small medullary thymic epithelial cell with a spindle shape, often arranged in groups and connected to each other by large desmosomes and interdigitations. The cytoplasm is sparse, with scanty organelles and thick bundles of cytokeratin. 2010-09-13T03:23:25Z spindle shaped mTEC spindle shaped medullary thymic epithelial cell type-7 epithelial cell of thymus A small medullary thymic epithelial cell with a spindle shape, often arranged in groups and connected to each other by large desmosomes and interdigitations. The cytoplasm is sparse, with scanty organelles and thick bundles of cytokeratin. GOC:tfm PMID:19721455 CL:0002301 A resident stromal cell located in the synovial membrane and responsible for the production of immune-related cytokines and chemokines. This cell type secretes glycoproteins and hyaluronic acid, has abundant granular endoplasmic reticulum, but contains fewer vacuoles and vesicles. 2010-09-13T03:39:14Z BTO:0003652 FMA:66788 fibroblast-like synoviocyte synovial fibroblast Type B synovial cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and are essential for the maintenance of normal joint functions. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from different joints have different properties, which may contribute to the characteristic pattern of joint involvement in different types of arthritis. type B synovial cell A resident stromal cell located in the synovial membrane and responsible for the production of immune-related cytokines and chemokines. This cell type secretes glycoproteins and hyaluronic acid, has abundant granular endoplasmic reticulum, but contains fewer vacuoles and vesicles. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 PMID:34433485 PMID:34772990 synovial fibroblast PMID:23147896 Type B synovial cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and are essential for the maintenance of normal joint functions. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from different joints have different properties, which may contribute to the characteristic pattern of joint involvement in different types of arthritis. PMID:34433485 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast-like_synoviocyte CL:0002302 A synovial cell that is macrophage-like, characterized by surface ruffles or lamellipodia, plasma membrane invaginations and associated micropinocytotic vesicles, Golgi apparatus and little granular endoplasmic reticulum. 2010-09-13T03:39:17Z FMA:66787 type A synoviocyte Type A cells are usually round and located in the upper part of the synovial intima. type A synovial cell A synovial cell that is macrophage-like, characterized by surface ruffles or lamellipodia, plasma membrane invaginations and associated micropinocytotic vesicles, Golgi apparatus and little granular endoplasmic reticulum. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 Type A cells are usually round and located in the upper part of the synovial intima. PMID:10770586 CL:0002303 A cell that is part of pigmented ciliary epithelium. This cell type uptakes sodium and chloride ions from stromal interstitium and passes the ions to non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells via gap junctions. 2010-09-13T04:09:27Z FMA:70606 PE cell In a consensus model of unidirectional secretion, aqueous humour is formed by transferring solute, principally NaCl, from stroma to posterior chamber, with water passively following the osmotic gradient. Unidirectional secretion comprises three sequential steps. First, NaCl is transferred from the stromal interstitium into the pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells. Second, solute passes from the PE into the non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells through gap junctions. Finally, NPE cells release Na+ and Cl− into the aqueous humour. pigmented ciliary epithelial cell A cell that is part of pigmented ciliary epithelium. This cell type uptakes sodium and chloride ions from stromal interstitium and passes the ions to non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells via gap junctions. PMID:15106942 PE cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2003.09.021 In a consensus model of unidirectional secretion, aqueous humour is formed by transferring solute, principally NaCl, from stroma to posterior chamber, with water passively following the osmotic gradient. Unidirectional secretion comprises three sequential steps. First, NaCl is transferred from the stromal interstitium into the pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells. Second, solute passes from the PE into the non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells through gap junctions. Finally, NPE cells release Na+ and Cl− into the aqueous humour. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2003.09.021 CL:0002304 A cell that is part of non-pigmented ciliary epithelium. This cell type participates in aqueous humor formation by releasing solute, principally sodium and chloride ions received from pigmented epithelial cells via gap junctions, into the aqueous humor of the eye. 2010-09-13T04:09:31Z FMA:70607 NPE cell nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cell In a consensus model of unidirectional secretion, aqueous humour is formed by transferring solute, principally NaCl, from stroma to posterior chamber, with water passively following the osmotic gradient. Unidirectional secretion comprises three sequential steps. First, NaCl is transferred from the stromal interstitium into the pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells. Second, solute passes from the PE into the non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells through gap junctions. Finally, NPE cells release Na+ and Cl− into the aqueous humour. non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cell A cell that is part of non-pigmented ciliary epithelium. This cell type participates in aqueous humor formation by releasing solute, principally sodium and chloride ions received from pigmented epithelial cells via gap junctions, into the aqueous humor of the eye. GOC:tfm PMID:15106942 NPE cell https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2003.09.021 nonpigmented ciliary epithelial cell PMID:10913011 In a consensus model of unidirectional secretion, aqueous humour is formed by transferring solute, principally NaCl, from stroma to posterior chamber, with water passively following the osmotic gradient. Unidirectional secretion comprises three sequential steps. First, NaCl is transferred from the stromal interstitium into the pigmented ciliary epithelial (PE) cells. Second, solute passes from the PE into the non-pigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells through gap junctions. Finally, NPE cells release Na+ and Cl− into the aqueous humour. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2003.09.021 CL:0002305 An epithelial cell of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney that helps regulate systemic levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. FMA:70981 KUPO:0001055 kidney distal tubule epithelial cell epithelial cell of distal tubule true An epithelial cell of the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney that helps regulate systemic levels of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002306 An epithelial cell of the proximal tubule of the kidney. FMA:70973 KUPO:0001044 kidney proximal tubule epithelial cell epithelial cell of proximal tubule true An epithelial cell of the proximal tubule of the kidney. GOC:tfm ISBN:1-4160-2328-3 CL:0002307 A brush border epithelial cell located in the proximal tubule of the kidney that detects fluid flow. 2010-09-14T11:29:20Z brush border cell of the proximal tubule A brush border epithelial cell located in the proximal tubule of the kidney that detects fluid flow. GOC:tfm ISBN:1-4160-2328-3 CL:0002308 An epithelial cell of a skin gland. 2010-09-14T12:00:07Z FMA:70657 epithelial cell of gland of skin epithelial cell of skin gland An epithelial cell of a skin gland. GOC:tfm CL:0002309 A basophil chromphil cell of the anterior pitiutary gland that produce adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone and lipotropin. This cell type is irregular in shape and has short dendritic processes which are inserted among other neighboring cells; 2010-09-14T02:08:23Z BTO:0002509 FMA:83098 MESH:D052680 corticotroph A basophil chromphil cell of the anterior pitiutary gland that produce adrenocorticotropic hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone and lipotropin. This cell type is irregular in shape and has short dendritic processes which are inserted among other neighboring cells; GOC:tfm ISBN:0517223651 CL:0002310 An acidophil cell of the anterior pituitary gland that produces both prolactin and growth hormone. 2010-09-14T02:25:34Z FMA:83097 mammosomatotroph An acidophil cell of the anterior pituitary gland that produces both prolactin and growth hormone. GOC:tfm CL:0002311 An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. 2010-09-14T02:30:57Z FMA:83096 epsilon-acidophil lactotrope lactotroph lactotropic cell mammotrope mammotrophic cell mammotropic cell mammotroph An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces prolactin. SANBI:mhl CL:0002312 An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. 2010-09-14T02:33:09Z FMA:83095 MESH:D052683 somatotrope somatotropic cell somatrophic cell somatotroph An acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin. SANBI:mhl CL:0002313 An ecto-epithelial cell of the prostate gland that secretes hormones. 2010-09-14T03:01:58Z CALOHA:TS-1280 FMA:74390 FMA:86774 glandular cell of prostate neuro-epithelial cell of prostate gland endocrine-paracrine cell of prostate gland An ecto-epithelial cell of the prostate gland that secretes hormones. GOC:tfm CL:0002314 An auditory epithelial support cell located in the vestibular epithelium that has many hallmarks of glial cells. This cell type express glial markers such as vimentin, S100, glutamate-aspartate transporter, low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and proteolipid protein. 2010-09-14T03:20:01Z FMA:75809 external supporting cell of vestibular epithelium An auditory epithelial support cell located in the vestibular epithelium that has many hallmarks of glial cells. This cell type express glial markers such as vimentin, S100, glutamate-aspartate transporter, low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and proteolipid protein. GOC:tfm PMID:20837532 CL:0002315 An epithelial supporting cell located in the cochlea. 2010-09-14T03:31:38Z FMA:79796 supporting cell of cochlea An epithelial supporting cell located in the cochlea. GOC:tfm CL:0002316 A supporting cell of the vestibular epithelium. 2010-09-14T03:31:44Z FMA:75607 supporting cell of vestibular epithelium A supporting cell of the vestibular epithelium. GOC:tfm PMID:20837532 CL:0002317 An external limiting cell found in the vestibular epithelium. 2010-09-14T03:33:50Z FMA:75808 external limiting cell of vestibular epithelium An external limiting cell found in the vestibular epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002318 A mesothelial cell capable of circulating in the blood by first losing its squamous character. This cell can incorporate into the regenerating mesothelium. 2010-09-15T10:47:11Z FMA:86712 peripheral blood mesothelial cell A mesothelial cell capable of circulating in the blood by first losing its squamous character. This cell can incorporate into the regenerating mesothelium. GOC:tfm PMID:14592528 CL:0002319 A cell that is part of the nervous system. 2010-09-15T01:34:57Z CALOHA:TS-2040 FMA:70333 neural cell A cell that is part of the nervous system. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002320 A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. 2010-09-15T03:01:54Z CALOHA:TS-2096 FMA:63875 MESH:D003239 connective tissue cell A cell of the supporting or framework tissue of the body, arising chiefly from the embryonic mesoderm and including adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. GOC:tfm ISBN:0618947256 CL:0002321 A cell of the embryo. 2010-09-15T03:39:21Z CALOHA:TS-0263 FMA:82840 WBbt:0007028 embryonic cell (metazoa) A cell of the embryo. FMA:0618947256 CL:0002322 A stem cell of embryonic origin. 2010-09-15T03:44:35Z BTO:0001086 CALOHA:TS-0263 FMA:82841 MESH:D053595 ESC This is an in vitro cell type and may be removed in future releases. These cells are reportedly SSEA-4-positive, CD73-negative, and CD324-positive. embryonic stem cell A stem cell of embryonic origin. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm ISBN:068340007X PMID:18179856 CL:0002323 A cell of a fetus which is suspended in the amniotic fluid. Amniocytes are considered to arise from several tissues including fetal skin, the fetal urinary tract, umbilical cord, and the inner amniotic surface. 2010-09-20T10:13:37Z BTO:0000066 amniocyte true A cell of a fetus which is suspended in the amniotic fluid. Amniocytes are considered to arise from several tissues including fetal skin, the fetal urinary tract, umbilical cord, and the inner amniotic surface. BFO:0000066 GOC:tfm PMID:3211847 CL:0002324 A myoepithelial cell that surrounds milk-secreting luminal epithelial cells. This cell type contracts under the stimulation of oxytocin and is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to the adjacent luminal cells by desmosomes. This cell type expresses high level of keratin-14 and is estrogen receptor alpha negative. 2010-09-20T11:42:14Z CALOHA:TS-2378 FMA:67800 basal cell of lactiferous duct myoepithelial cell of lactiferous gland myoepithelial cell of mammary gland A myoepithelial cell that surrounds milk-secreting luminal epithelial cells. This cell type contracts under the stimulation of oxytocin and is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to the adjacent luminal cells by desmosomes. This cell type expresses high level of keratin-14 and is estrogen receptor alpha negative. GOC:tfm PMID:11250738 PMID:19022771 basal cell of lactiferous duct FMA:67800 CL:0002325 A milk-producing glandular epithelial cell that is part of a mammary gland alveolus and differentiates from a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell during secretory differentiation (also termed lactogenesis I). Following secretory activation (also termed lactogenesis II), a lactocyte is involved in the synthesis and/or transport of milk constituents including proteins, oligosaccharides, lactose, micronutrients, fat, hormones, immunoglobulins, and cytokines into the lumen of the lactating mammary gland. 2010-09-20T01:30:57Z mammary alveolar cell FMA:74506 FMA:79866 epithelial cell of lactiferous gland lactaction-associated mammary epithelial cell lactation-derived mammary cell luminal cell of alveolus of lactiferous gland mammary alveolar epithelial cell mammary gland alveolar epithelial cell LMC lactocyte true A milk-producing glandular epithelial cell that is part of a mammary gland alveolus and differentiates from a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell during secretory differentiation (also termed lactogenesis I). Following secretory activation (also termed lactogenesis II), a lactocyte is involved in the synthesis and/or transport of milk constituents including proteins, oligosaccharides, lactose, micronutrients, fat, hormones, immunoglobulins, and cytokines into the lumen of the lactating mammary gland. GOC:tfm PMID:19022771 PMID:28717367 PMID:35091553 PMID:35377806 doi:10.1177/156482659601700404 mammary alveolar cell PMID:19022771 lactaction-associated mammary epithelial cell PMID:35091553 lactation-derived mammary cell PMID:35091553 LMC PMID:35091553 CL:0002326 A mammary epithelial cell that occurs in the lumen of the ductal and alveoli structure in the breast. 2010-09-20T01:37:53Z mature luminal cell FMA:73280 luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland A mammary epithelial cell that occurs in the lumen of the ductal and alveoli structure in the breast. GOC:tfm PMID:19022771 mature luminal cell PMID:21930782 CL:0002327 An epithelial cell of the mammary gland. 2010-09-20T01:49:37Z BTO:0004300 breast epithelial cell mammary epithelial cell mammary gland epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the mammary gland. GOC:tfm PMID:19022771 CL:0002328 An epithelial cell of the bronchus. 2010-09-20T02:00:00Z BTO:0002922 bronchial epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the bronchus. GOC:tfm CL:0002329 An epithelial cell type that lacks the columnar shape typical for other respiratory epithelial cells. This cell type is able to differentiate into other respiratory epithelial cells in response to injury. 2010-09-20T02:10:36Z basal epithelial cell of tracheobronchial tree An epithelial cell type that lacks the columnar shape typical for other respiratory epithelial cells. This cell type is able to differentiate into other respiratory epithelial cells in response to injury. GOC:tfm CL:0002330 An undifferentiated columnar cell of the bronchus epithelium 2010-09-20T02:17:58Z undifferentiated cell of bronchus epithelium An undifferentiated columnar cell of the bronchus epithelium GOC:tfm PMID:18757316 CL:0002331 true CL:0002332 A ciliated cell of the bronchus. 2010-09-20T02:21:12Z ciliated cell of the bronchus A ciliated cell of the bronchus. GOC:tfm PMID:18757316 CL:0002333 An adipocyte derived from a neural crest cell. 2010-09-20T02:25:25Z neural crest derived adipocyte An adipocyte derived from a neural crest cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17507398 CL:0002334 An undifferentiated fibroblast that can be stimulated to form a fat cell. 2010-09-20T02:31:53Z BTO:0001107 preadipocyte An undifferentiated fibroblast that can be stimulated to form a fat cell. GOC:tfm PMID:18793119 CL:0002335 A preadipocyte that is capable of differentiating into a brown adipocyte. This cell type expresses uncoupling protein-1, PPAR-gamma, PR-domain-containing 16; and PGC-1alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1alpha). 2010-09-20T02:38:38Z brown preadipocyte A preadipocyte that is capable of differentiating into a brown adipocyte. This cell type expresses uncoupling protein-1, PPAR-gamma, PR-domain-containing 16; and PGC-1alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) coactivator-1alpha). GOC:tfm PMID:18719589 CL:0002336 An endothelial cell that lines the oral cavitiy including the mucosa of the gums, the palate, the lip, and the cheek. 2010-09-20T02:52:54Z buccal mucosa cell An endothelial cell that lines the oral cavitiy including the mucosa of the gums, the palate, the lip, and the cheek. GOC:tfm MESH:D009061 CL:0002337 A stem cell located in the bulge of the hair follicle that can give rise to regenerate the new follicle with each hair cycle and to reepithelialize the epidermis during wound repair. 2010-09-20T03:07:03Z bulge keratinocyte keratinocyte stem cell A stem cell located in the bulge of the hair follicle that can give rise to regenerate the new follicle with each hair cycle and to reepithelialize the epidermis during wound repair. PMID:15339667 CL:0002338 A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature, has the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive, CD122-positive,and CD161-positive. 2010-09-21T10:06:53Z p-NK Human markers; killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1 is used as a representative example (PRO at this time lacks a KIR superfamily). CD56-positive, CD161-positive immature natural killer cell, human A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature, has the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-positive, CD117-positive, CD122-positive,and CD161-positive. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:12457618 p-NK PMID:12457618 CL:0002339 A prostate epithelial cell that is CD133-positive, CD44-positive, integrin A2beta3-high. This cell is a stem cell for the prostate epithelium. 2010-09-20T03:21:06Z CD133-positive prostate epithelial cell prostate stem cell A prostate epithelial cell that is CD133-positive, CD44-positive, integrin A2beta3-high. This cell is a stem cell for the prostate epithelium. GOC:tfm PMID:15226377 CL:0002340 The exocrine cell of the prostate, this epithelial cell secretes prostatic acid phosphotase and PSA, and is dependent on androgen hormones for survival. 2010-09-20T03:34:05Z luminal cell of prostate epithelium The exocrine cell of the prostate, this epithelial cell secretes prostatic acid phosphotase and PSA, and is dependent on androgen hormones for survival. GOC:tfm CL:0002341 An undifferentiated cell of the prostate epithelium that lacks secretory activity. 2010-09-20T03:34:10Z basal cell of prostate epithelium An undifferentiated cell of the prostate epithelium that lacks secretory activity. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC2673349 CL:0002342 A circulating endothelial cell of the phenotype CD146-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative. This cell type is indicative of recent vascular damage. 2010-09-20T03:49:58Z circulating endothelial cell A circulating endothelial cell of the phenotype CD146-positive, CD105-positive, CD45-negative. This cell type is indicative of recent vascular damage. GOC:tfm PMID:19652886 CL:0002343 A natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus and is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative. This cell type represents the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy. 2010-09-20T04:00:02Z dNK cell decidual NK cell decidual natural killer cell, human A natural killer cell subset that is found in the decidual of the uterus and is CD56-high, Galectin-1-positive and CD16-negative. This cell type represents the most abundant immune cell type in the decidual during the first trimester of pregnancy. PMID:14568979 PMID:19800965 CL:0002344 A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature, has the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-negative, CD117-positive, CD122-positive,and CD161-positive. 2010-09-20T04:33:11Z p-NK Human markers; killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1 is used as a representative example (PRO at this time lacks a KIR superfamily). CD56-negative, CD161-positive immature natural killer cell, human A natural killer cell that is developmentally immature, has the phenotype CD34-negative, CD56-negative, CD117-positive, CD122-positive,and CD161-positive. GOC:add GO_REF:0000031 ISBN:0781735149 PMID:12457618 p-NK PMID:12457618 CL:0002345 An immature natural killer cell that is NK1.1-positive, DX5-positive, Ly49-positive, CD27-low and CD11b-low. This cell type is found in high numbers in the liver. 2010-09-20T04:41:01Z preNK.BM Markers are associated with mouse cells. CD27-low, CD11b-low immature natural killer cell, mouse An immature natural killer cell that is NK1.1-positive, DX5-positive, Ly49-positive, CD27-low and CD11b-low. This cell type is found in high numbers in the liver. GOC:tfm PMID:19949422 http:www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002346 An immature natural killer cell that is NK1.1-positive and DX-5 negative. 2010-09-21T10:11:44Z Dx5-negative, NK1.1-positive immature natural killer cell, mouse An immature natural killer cell that is NK1.1-positive and DX-5 negative. GOC:tfm PMID:12766763 CL:0002347 A mature natural killer cell that is CD27-high and CD11b-high. This cell type is capable of interferon-gamma secretion. 2010-09-21T10:19:49Z CD27-high, CD11b-high natural killer cell, mouse A mature natural killer cell that is CD27-high and CD11b-high. This cell type is capable of interferon-gamma secretion. GOC:tfm PMID:19949422 CL:0002348 A CD27-low, CD11b-high natural killer cell that has a higher threshold of activation due to higher expression of inhibitory receptors. 2010-09-21T10:19:54Z CD27-low, CD11b-high natural killer cell, mouse A CD27-low, CD11b-high natural killer cell that has a higher threshold of activation due to higher expression of inhibitory receptors. GOC:tfm PMID:1994922 CL:0002349 A natural killer cell that is CD27-high and CD11b-low. 2010-09-21T10:20:00Z CD27-high, CD11b-low natural killer cell, mouse A natural killer cell that is CD27-high and CD11b-low. GOC:tfm PMID:1994922 CL:0002350 An endothelial cell that lines the intracavitary lumen of the heart, separating the circulating blood from the underlying myocardium. This cell type releases a number of vasoactive substances including prostacyclin, nitrous oxide and endothelin. 2010-09-21T04:33:05Z FMA:75621 endocardial endothelial cell endothelial cell of endocardium endocardial cell An endothelial cell that lines the intracavitary lumen of the heart, separating the circulating blood from the underlying myocardium. This cell type releases a number of vasoactive substances including prostacyclin, nitrous oxide and endothelin. GOC:tfm ISSN:0452-3458 endothelial cell of endocardium FMA:75621 CL:0002351 A progenitor cell that is able to differentiate into the pancreas alpha, beta and delta endocrine cells. This cell type expresses neurogenin-3 and Isl-1. 2010-09-21T04:41:06Z pancreatic endocrine progenitor pancreatic islet progenitor cell progenitor cell of endocrine pancreas A progenitor cell that is able to differentiate into the pancreas alpha, beta and delta endocrine cells. This cell type expresses neurogenin-3 and Isl-1. GOC:tfm PMID:20025937 PMID:20217494 PMID:22728667 CL:0002352 A hematopoietic stem cell that exists during embryogenesis. 2010-09-22T09:05:13Z gestational hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell that exists during embryogenesis. GOC:tfm ISBN:978-60327-246-6 CL:0002353 A hematopoietic stem cell that resides in the fetal liver. In mice, this cell type is first observed at E10.5. This cell type is MHC-positive, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD45-positive, Sca-1 positive, CD150-positive, CD48-negative and CD244-negative. 2010-09-22T09:08:32Z fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell true A hematopoietic stem cell that resides in the fetal liver. In mice, this cell type is first observed at E10.5. This cell type is MHC-positive, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD45-positive, Sca-1 positive, CD150-positive, CD48-negative and CD244-negative. GOC:tfm ISBN:978-1-60327-346-6 PMID:16569764 CL:0002354 A hematopoietic stem found in the yolk sac. In mice, this cell type is Sca-1-negative, CD45-negative, MHC-negative, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD44-positive. 2010-09-22T09:08:34Z hemangioblast precursor yolk sac hematopoietic stem cell true A hematopoietic stem found in the yolk sac. In mice, this cell type is Sca-1-negative, CD45-negative, MHC-negative, HSA-positive, AA4.1-positive, CD44-positive. GOC:tfm doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282f97ae1 CL:0002355 A large nucleated basophilic erythrocyte found in mammalian embryos. This cell type arises from the blood islands of yolk sacs and expresses different types of hemoglobins (beta-H1, gamma-1 and zeta) than adult erythrocytes. Considered a type of erythroblast as this cell type can enucleate in circulation. 2010-09-22T09:27:05Z primitive erythroblast primitive erythrocyte primitive erythroid cell primitive red blood cell true A large nucleated basophilic erythrocyte found in mammalian embryos. This cell type arises from the blood islands of yolk sacs and expresses different types of hemoglobins (beta-H1, gamma-1 and zeta) than adult erythrocytes. Considered a type of erythroblast as this cell type can enucleate in circulation. DOI:10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282f97ae1 GOC:tfm PMID:11495698 CL:0002356 A primitive erythrocyte that has undergone enucleation. This cell type is 3-6 fold bigger than the fetal derived erythrocytes that they co-circulate with during fetal development. Expresses epsilon-gamma hemoglobin chains. 2010-09-22T09:35:16Z megalocyte primitive reticulocyte true A primitive erythrocyte that has undergone enucleation. This cell type is 3-6 fold bigger than the fetal derived erythrocytes that they co-circulate with during fetal development. Expresses epsilon-gamma hemoglobin chains. GOC:tfm PMID:11495698 doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e3282f97ae1 CL:0002357 A fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocyte. This erythrocyte resembles adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemaglobins. 2010-09-22T09:38:32Z macrocyte fetal derived definitive erythrocyte true A fetal liver derived enucleated erythrocyte. This erythrocyte resembles adult erythrocytes in that they are small (3- to 6- times smaller than primitive erythrocytes) and produce adult hemaglobins. GOC:tfm PMID:11495698 CL:0002358 Derived from the Greek word pyren (the pit of a stone fruit), this is a transient nucleated cell type that results from exclusion of the nucleus from the primitive erythrocyte. 2010-09-22T10:02:37Z pyrenocyte true Derived from the Greek word pyren (the pit of a stone fruit), this is a transient nucleated cell type that results from exclusion of the nucleus from the primitive erythrocyte. GOC:tfm CL:0002359 A hematopoietic stem cell of the placenta. This cell type is first observed E10.5 This cell type may give rise to fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. 2010-09-22T10:30:02Z placental hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell of the placenta. This cell type is first observed E10.5 This cell type may give rise to fetal liver hematopoietic stem cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:978-1-60327-346-6 CL:0002360 A hematopoietic stem cell from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region of the developing embryo. First seen at E10.5 in mouse embryos. May give rise to fetal liver HSC. 2010-09-22T10:31:49Z AGM hematopoietic stem cell A hematopoietic stem cell from the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region of the developing embryo. First seen at E10.5 in mouse embryos. May give rise to fetal liver HSC. GOC:tfm ISBN:978-1-60327-346-6 CL:0002361 A progenitor cell that is capable of forming colonies of primitive erythrocytes in the blood island of the yolk sac. First arrive at E7.5 in mouse and expresses CD41. 2010-09-22T10:47:28Z EryP-CFC inner blood island hemangioblast primitive erythroid progenitor true A progenitor cell that is capable of forming colonies of primitive erythrocytes in the blood island of the yolk sac. First arrive at E7.5 in mouse and expresses CD41. GOC:tfm ISBN:0813817986 PMID:20711979 CL:0002362 A cell located in the outermost proliferative zone of the external germinal layer that can differentiate into astroglial cells and granule cells. This cell type is glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and HNK1-positive. 2010-09-22T01:40:44Z granule cell precursor granule cell progenitor GCP cerebellar granule cell precursor A cell located in the outermost proliferative zone of the external germinal layer that can differentiate into astroglial cells and granule cells. This cell type is glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive and HNK1-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:14745007 granule cell precursor doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 granule cell progenitor doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 GCP doi:10.3389/fncir.2020.611841 CL:0002363 A keratocyte is a specialized fibroblast residing in the cornea stroma that has a flattened, dendritic morphology; located between the lamellae with a large flattened nucleus, and lengthy processes which communicate with neighboring cells. This corneal layer, representing about 85-90% of corneal thickness, is built up from highly regular collagenous lamellae and extracellular matrix components. Keratocytes play the major role in keeping it transparent, healing its wounds, and synthesizing its components. This cell type secretes collagen I, V, VI, and keratan sulfate. 2010-09-22T01:57:40Z corneal fibroblast corneal keratocyte keratocyte A keratocyte is a specialized fibroblast residing in the cornea stroma that has a flattened, dendritic morphology; located between the lamellae with a large flattened nucleus, and lengthy processes which communicate with neighboring cells. This corneal layer, representing about 85-90% of corneal thickness, is built up from highly regular collagenous lamellae and extracellular matrix components. Keratocytes play the major role in keeping it transparent, healing its wounds, and synthesizing its components. This cell type secretes collagen I, V, VI, and keratan sulfate. GOC:tfm ISBN:9780702029585 CL:0002364 An epithelial cell of the cortical portion of the thymus. Epithelial cells in this region are required for positive selection of CD8-positive T cells. 2010-09-23T03:17:12Z BTO:0004562 cTEC cortical thymic epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the cortical portion of the thymus. Epithelial cells in this region are required for positive selection of CD8-positive T cells. GOC:tfm PMID:18403190 CL:0002365 An epithelial cell of the medullary thymus. This cell type expresses a diverse range of tissue-specific antigens. This promiscuous gene expression is a cell-autonomous property of medullary epithelial cells and is maintained during the entire period of thymic T cell output. 2010-09-23T03:17:14Z BTO:0004563 mTEC medullary thymic epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the medullary thymus. This cell type expresses a diverse range of tissue-specific antigens. This promiscuous gene expression is a cell-autonomous property of medullary epithelial cells and is maintained during the entire period of thymic T cell output. GOC:tfm PMID:18180458 CL:0002366 A smooth muscle cell of the myometrium that enlarges and stretches during pregnancy, and contracts in response to oxytocin. 2010-09-23T03:46:34Z BTO:0004519 myometrium smooth muscle cell myometrial cell A smooth muscle cell of the myometrium that enlarges and stretches during pregnancy, and contracts in response to oxytocin. GOC:tfm PMID:11429640 CL:0002367 A cell that lines the trabecular meshwork, which is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea). This cell may play a role in regulating intraocular pressure. 2010-09-23T04:18:50Z trabeculocyte trabecular meshwork cell true A cell that lines the trabecular meshwork, which is an area of tissue in the eye located around the base of the cornea, near the ciliary body, and is responsible for draining the aqueous humor from the eye via the anterior chamber (the chamber on the front of the eye covered by the cornea). This cell may play a role in regulating intraocular pressure. GOC:tfm PMID:14500801 CL:0002368 An endo-epithelial cell of the respiratory tract. 2010-09-23T04:38:49Z BTO:0004533 airway epithelial cell respiratory epithelial cell true An endo-epithelial cell of the respiratory tract. GOC:tfm CL:0002369 A differentiated form of a fungus produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions. 2010-10-01T09:02:42Z MESH:D013172 fungal spore A differentiated form of a fungus produced during or as a result of an asexual or sexual reproductive process; usually a cell with a thick cell wall that stores and protects one or more nuclei. Spores may be produced in response to, and are characteristically resistant to, adverse environmental conditions. FAO:0000019 GOC:tfm CL:0002370 A simple columnar epithelial cell that secretes mucin. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, the nucleus, and other organelles are concentrated in the basal portion. The apical plasma membrane projects microvilli to increase surface area for secretion. 2010-09-23T04:42:27Z respiratory mucosa goblet cells respiratory goblet cell A simple columnar epithelial cell that secretes mucin. Rough endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, the nucleus, and other organelles are concentrated in the basal portion. The apical plasma membrane projects microvilli to increase surface area for secretion. GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 respiratory mucosa goblet cells MP:0010863 CL:0002371 OBSOLETE. A cell of an organism that does not pass on its genetic material to the organism's offspring (i.e. a non-germ line cell). 2010-09-24T09:44:42Z BTO:0001268 FMA:72300 WBbt:0008378 obsolete somatic cell true OBSOLETE. A cell of an organism that does not pass on its genetic material to the organism's offspring (i.e. a non-germ line cell). GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002372 A transversely striated, synctial muscle cell, formed by the fusion of myoblasts. 2010-09-24T01:13:01Z FBbt:00005812 myotubule single cell sarcomere myotube A transversely striated, synctial muscle cell, formed by the fusion of myoblasts. GOC:dos GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 PMID:22274696 CL:0002373 A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes growth hormone releasing hormone. 2010-09-24T01:36:44Z GHRH secreting cell somatocrinin secreting cell growth hormone releasing hormone secreting cell A peptide hormone secreting cell that secretes growth hormone releasing hormone. GOC:dph GOC:tfm CL:0002374 A hair cell of the ear that contains the organs of balance and hearing. 2010-09-24T01:49:31Z ear receptor cell ear hair cell A hair cell of the ear that contains the organs of balance and hearing. GOC:dph GOC:tfm ISBN:0192801023 CL:0002375 A giioblast cell that develops from a migratory neural crest cell. The SCP is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has no basal lamina. In rodents SCPs are the only cells in the Schwann cell linage that expresses Cdh19. 2010-09-24T02:06:10Z Schwann cell precursor cell Schwann cell precursor A giioblast cell that develops from a migratory neural crest cell. The SCP is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has no basal lamina. In rodents SCPs are the only cells in the Schwann cell linage that expresses Cdh19. GOC:tfm CL:0002376 A glial cell that ensheaths multiple small diameter axons in the peripheral nervous system. The non-myelinating Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. These cells can de-differentiate into immature Schwann cells. 2010-09-24T02:10:26Z Schwann cell non-myelinating Schwann cell A glial cell that ensheaths multiple small diameter axons in the peripheral nervous system. The non-myelinating Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. These cells can de-differentiate into immature Schwann cells. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002377 A glial cell that develops from a Schwann cell precursor. The immature Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. Immature Schwann cell can be found communally ensheathing large groups of axons. 2010-09-24T02:10:31Z Schwann cell ZFA:0001725 immature Schwann cell A glial cell that develops from a Schwann cell precursor. The immature Schwann cell is embedded among neurons (axons) with minimal extracellular spaces separating them from nerve cell membranes and has a basal lamina. Cells can survive without an axon present. Immature Schwann cell can be found communally ensheathing large groups of axons. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm ISBN:0721662544 CL:0002378 A double negative thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive and is found in the fetal thymus. 2010-10-07T02:21:07Z fetal Vgamma2+ thymocyte NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. immature Vgamma2-positive fetal thymocyte A double negative thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive and is found in the fetal thymus. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org CL:0002379 A neurecto-epithelial cell found in the arachnoid villi of dura mater. This cell type facilitates flow of cerebrospinal fluid into the blood. 2010-09-28T02:23:46Z FMA:86588 arachnoid cap cell meningothelial cell A neurecto-epithelial cell found in the arachnoid villi of dura mater. This cell type facilitates flow of cerebrospinal fluid into the blood. GOC:tfm http://www.aippg.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=62590 CL:0002380 An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere. 2010-10-01T09:22:45Z FAO:0000039 oospore An asexual spore formed by Oomycetes; formed upon fertilization of an oosphere. GOC:tfm ISBN:0851988857 SGD:clt CL:0002381 A conidium that has only one nucleus. 2010-10-01T09:26:39Z FAO:0000025 uninucleate conidium A conidium that has only one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002382 A conidium that has more than one nucleus. 2010-10-01T09:31:28Z FAO:0000033 multinucleate conidium A conidium that has more than one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002383 A uninucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections, sterigma, of a conidiophore head. FAO:0000033 conidium of conidiophore head A uninucleate spore formed on specialized cells or projections, sterigma, of a conidiophore head. GOC:tfm PMID:9529886 SGD:clt CL:0002384 A macroconidium that has only one nucleus. FAO:0000029 uninucleate macroconidium A macroconidium that has only one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002385 An oblong or round asexual spore formed from conidial chains. BTO:0000127 FAO:0000042 blastospore blastoconidium An oblong or round asexual spore formed from conidial chains. GOC:tfm PMID:2524423 SGD:clt CL:0002386 A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus. FAO:0000035 multinucleate macroconidium A macroconidium that has more than one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002387 Cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores. FAO:0000041 arthrospore arthroconidium Cylindrical spore formed by development and compartmentation of hyphae; the hyphae are often supporting blastoconidiophores. GOC:tfm PMID:2524423 SGD:clt CL:0002388 An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus. FAO:0000037 multinucleate arthroconidium An arthroconidium that has more than one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002389 An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus. FAO:0000031 uninucleate arthroconidium An arthroconidium that has only one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002390 A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus. FAO:0000030 uninucleate blastconidium A blastoconidium that has only one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002391 A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus. FAO:0000036 multinucleate blastoconidium A blastoconidium that has more than one nucleus. GOC:tfm SGD:clt CL:0002392 Obsolete. Use PO:0025017 from Plant Ontology instead. A plant cell that arises through meiosis and develops into a gametophyte. obsolete plant spore true Obsolete. Use PO:0025017 from Plant Ontology instead. A plant cell that arises through meiosis and develops into a gametophyte. GOC:tfm PO:0025017 CL:0002393 A monocyte that has characteristics of both patrolling and inflammatory monocytes. 2010-10-04T10:52:03Z intermediate monocyte A monocyte that has characteristics of both patrolling and inflammatory monocytes. GOC:tfm PMID:20628149 PMID:20870168 CL:0002394 A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood, lymph nodes, tonsil, bone marrow, and spleen that is CD141-positive (BDCA-3), XCR1-positive, and Clec9A-positive. This cell-type can cross-present antigen to CD8-positive T cells and can produce inteferon-beta. 2010-10-04T02:38:58Z Markers are found in human cells. Normally they represent 3-5% of peripheral blood mDCs (human). These cells express high levels of CD283 (TLR3), are capable of producing IL-12p70 and IFN-beta upon stimulation, and inducing a TH1 response [PMCID:PMC2882828]. They are also Necl2-positive. May be human equivalent of murine CD8alpha-positive DCs. CD141-positive myeloid dendritic cell true A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood, lymph nodes, tonsil, bone marrow, and spleen that is CD141-positive (BDCA-3), XCR1-positive, and Clec9A-positive. This cell-type can cross-present antigen to CD8-positive T cells and can produce inteferon-beta. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC2882828 PMCID:PMC2882837 PMID:17332250 PMID:20628149 CL:0002395 A resident monocyte that is Gr-1 high, CD43-negative, CX3CR1-negative, CD115-positive, and B220-negative. 2010-10-04T11:26:18Z Markers are associated with mice. The Gr epitope is used to describe this cell type is found on both Ly6c and Ly6g. However, its the Ly6c that is considered the specific marker, and thus used in the cross-product. Gr1-high classical monocyte true A resident monocyte that is Gr-1 high, CD43-negative, CX3CR1-negative, CD115-positive, and B220-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:20628149 PMID:8890901 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002396 A patrolling monocyte that is CD14-low and CD16-positive. 2010-10-04T12:25:42Z non-classical monocyte, human Markers are associated with human monocytes. CD14-low, CD16-positive monocyte true A patrolling monocyte that is CD14-low and CD16-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:20870168 CL:0002397 A CD14-positive monocyte that is also CD16-positive and CCR2-negative. 2010-10-04T12:49:47Z CD16+ monocyte This cell type is compatible with the HIPC Lyoplate markers for 'CD16+ monocyte'. Markers are associated with human cells. Note that this cell type encompasses both human intermediate monocytes (CD14+, CD16-low), and human non-classical monocytes (CD14-low, CD16+). CD14-positive, CD16-positive monocyte A CD14-positive monocyte that is also CD16-positive and CCR2-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:20628149 PMID:21937707 PMID:22343568 CD16+ monocyte PMID:22343568 CL:0002398 An intermediate monocyte that is Gr1-positive, CD43-positive. 2010-10-04T12:49:49Z Gr1-positive, CD43-positive monocyte An intermediate monocyte that is Gr1-positive, CD43-positive. GOC:tfm PMID:20628149 CL:0002399 A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood that is CD1c-positive. 2010-10-04T02:39:01Z Normally represent 10-20% of peripheral blood mDCs (human). They are also CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD283-positive (TLR3), CD284-positive (TLR4), CD285-positive (TLR5), CD286-positive (TLR6), CD288-positive (TLR8), and CD290-positive (TLR10) [PMID:20204387]. Upon TLR stimulation, these cells were potent producers of CXCL8 (IL-8), while producing little TNF-alpha. CD1c-positive myeloid dendritic cell true A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood that is CD1c-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:20204387 PMID:20628149 CL:0002400 A precursor B cell that is AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-positive and HSA-positive. 2010-10-05T10:11:38Z fraction B/C precursor B cell true A precursor B cell that is AA4-positive, IgM-negative, CD19-positive, CD43-positive and HSA-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002401 A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. 2010-10-07T02:05:46Z mature DEC precursor mature DETC precursor NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. mature dendritic epithelial T cell precursor A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that has as part a Vgamma3 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus with highest numbers occurring at E17-E18. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002402 A resting mature B cell within the Peyer's patch that is CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-positive, AA4-negative, CD23-positive, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. 2010-10-05T11:18:03Z Peyers patch B cell Peyer's patch B cell A resting mature B cell within the Peyer's patch that is CD19-positive, B220-positive, IgM-positive, AA4-negative, CD23-positive, CD43-negative, and CD5-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002403 A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus. 2010-10-07T02:24:36Z fetal Vgamma2-positive NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. mature Vgamma2-positive fetal thymocyte A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. This cell-type is found in the fetal thymus. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002404 A thymocyte found in the fetal thymus. 2010-10-07T02:28:25Z fetal thymocyte A thymocyte found in the fetal thymus. GOC:tfm CL:0002405 A post-natal thymocyte expressing components of the gamma-delta T cell receptor. This cell type is always double-negative (i.e. CD4-negative, CD8-negative). 2010-10-07T02:33:39Z gammadelta thymocyte gd thymocyte gamma-delta thymocyte A post-natal thymocyte expressing components of the gamma-delta T cell receptor. This cell type is always double-negative (i.e. CD4-negative, CD8-negative). GOC:tfm PMID:20725107 CL:0002406 A double negative post-natal thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. 2010-10-07T02:53:44Z Vgamma2-positive thymocyte NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. immature Vgamma2-positive thymocyte A double negative post-natal thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org CL:0002407 A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. 2010-10-07T02:53:48Z Vgamma2-positive NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. mature Vgamma2-positive thymocyte A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain containing Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002408 A double negative post-natal thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that does not contain a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. 2010-10-07T02:59:05Z Vgamma2-negative thymocyte NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. immature Vgamma2-negative thymocyte A double negative post-natal thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that does not contain a Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org CL:0002409 A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that does not contain the Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. 2010-10-07T02:59:08Z Vgamma2-negative NOTE: currently variable immune gene segments are not represented in the OBO Foundry. Cross-product definitions were not made as a result. Also, there are three different nomenclatures for the variable gamma segments. mature Vgamma2-negative thymocyte A thymocyte that has a T cell receptor consisting of a gamma chain that does not contain the Vgamma2 segment, and a delta chain. This cell type is CD4-negative, CD8-negative and CD24-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002410 A cell that is found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and has long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus. Expresses several intermediate filament proteins including vimentin and nestin. Shares many of the characteristics of hepatatic stellate cells, but not stellate cells of the central nervous system. Upon activation, this cell type undergoes morphological and gene expression changes that make the cell suggestive of being a type of myofibroblast. 2010-11-10T09:40:33Z MESH:D058954 PaSC pancreas stellate cell pancreatic stellate cell A cell that is found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and has long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus. Expresses several intermediate filament proteins including vimentin and nestin. Shares many of the characteristics of hepatatic stellate cells, but not stellate cells of the central nervous system. Upon activation, this cell type undergoes morphological and gene expression changes that make the cell suggestive of being a type of myofibroblast. GOC:mah GOC:tfm PMID:17200706 CL:0002411 A gamma-delta receptor that expresses Vgamma1.1 but does not express Vdelta6.3 chains in the T-cell receptor. 2010-10-07T03:07:44Z Vg1.1-positive, Vd6.3-negative T cell Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte A gamma-delta receptor that expresses Vgamma1.1 but does not express Vdelta6.3 chains in the T-cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002412 A gamma-delta receptor that expresses Vgamma1.1-Vdelta6.3 chains in the T-cell receptor. 2010-10-07T03:03:00Z Vg1.1+Vd6.3+ T cell Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte A gamma-delta receptor that expresses Vgamma1.1-Vdelta6.3 chains in the T-cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002413 A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte that is CD24-negative. 2010-10-07T03:10:32Z mature Vg1.1-positive, Vd6.3-negative T cell mature Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte that is CD24-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org CL:0002414 A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive. 2010-10-07T03:10:35Z immature Vg1.1-positive, Vd6.3-negative T cell immature Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002415 A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte that is CD24-positive. 2010-10-07T03:10:39Z immature Vg1.1+Vd6.3+ T cell immature Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte that is CD24-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002416 A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte that is CD24-negative. 2010-10-07T03:10:41Z mature Vg1.1+Vd6.3+ T cell mature Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte A Vgamma1.1-positive, Vdelta6.3-positive thymocyte that is CD24-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002417 An immature or mature cell of the first erythroid lineage to arise during embryonic development. 2010-10-12T11:22:41Z primitive erythroid lineage cell An immature or mature cell of the first erythroid lineage to arise during embryonic development. GOC:tfm CL:0002418 A pluripotent cell in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells. 2010-10-12T12:21:16Z MESH:D055018 hemangioblast A pluripotent cell in the yolk sac that can give rise to mesenchymal cells including erythrocytes and endothelial cells. GOC:tfm ISBN:0813817986 PMID:11495698 CL:0002419 A T cell that expresses a T cell receptor complex and has completed T cell selection. 2010-10-12T01:56:15Z CD3e-positive T cell mature T-cell CD3epsilon T cell mature T cell true A T cell that expresses a T cell receptor complex and has completed T cell selection. GOC:tfm CL:0002420 A T cell that has not completed T cell selection. 2010-10-12T01:56:17Z BTO:0001372 CALOHA:TS-1042 immature T-cell immature T cell true A T cell that has not completed T cell selection. GOC:tfm CL:0002421 A reticulocyte that retains the nucleus and other organelles. Found in birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles. 2010-10-15T09:24:05Z nucleated reticulocyte true A reticulocyte that retains the nucleus and other organelles. Found in birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles. GOC:tfm PMID:18182572 PMID:9011180 PMID:9046052 CL:0002422 A reticulocyte lacking a nucleus and showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining due to the presence of ribosomes. 2010-10-15T09:24:08Z CALOHA:TS-0864 FMA:66785 enucleated reticulocyte true A reticulocyte lacking a nucleus and showing a basophilic reticulum under vital staining due to the presence of ribosomes. GOC:tfm ISBN:0-12203-052-4 ISBN:0721601464 CL:0002423 A DN2 thymocyte that is Kit-hi. 2010-10-21T10:12:05Z Observed in mice. There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in mouse versus human thymus. If in doubt, please consider using CL:0002489 'double negative thymocyte'. DN2a thymocyte true A DN2 thymocyte that is Kit-hi. GOC:tfm PMID:20595614 CL:0002424 A DN2 thymocyte that is Kit-low. 2010-10-21T10:12:08Z Observed in mice. There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in mouse versus human thymus. If in doubt, please consider using CL:0002489 'double negative thymocyte'. DN2b thymocyte true A DN2 thymocyte that is Kit-low. GOC:tfm PMID:20595614 CL:0002425 A pro-T cell that is lin-negative, CD25-negative, CD127-negative, CD44-positive and kit-positive. 2010-10-21T01:16:24Z ETP preT.ETP.Th ETPs are reportedly CD1a-negative, CD4-negative, CD7-positive, CD8a-negative, CD8b-negative, CD33-low, CD34-high, CD38-low, CD45RA-positive, and CD45RO-negative. early T lineage precursor true A pro-T cell that is lin-negative, CD25-negative, CD127-negative, CD44-positive and kit-positive. GOC:dsd GOC:tfm PMID:16551251 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002426 A mature natural killer cell that is CD11b-positive and CD27-positive. 2010-10-25T03:07:59Z A natural killer cell that is NK1.1-positive, CD11b-positive, and CD27-positive. CD11b-positive, CD27-positive natural killer cell, mouse A mature natural killer cell that is CD11b-positive and CD27-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002427 A double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte that is small and not proliferating. 2010-10-21T01:59:06Z T.DP.sm.Th resting double-positive thymocyte true A double-positive, alpha-beta thymocyte that is small and not proliferating. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002428 A double-positive thymocyte that is large (i.e. has a high forward scatter signal in flow cytometry) and is actively proliferating. 2010-10-21T01:59:11Z T.DPb.Th activated double-positive thymocyte double-positive blast true A double-positive thymocyte that is large (i.e. has a high forward scatter signal in flow cytometry) and is actively proliferating. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002429 A double-positive thymocyte that is CD69-positive and has begun positive selection. 2010-10-21T02:11:52Z T.DP69+.Th CD69-positive double-positive thymocyte true A double-positive thymocyte that is CD69-positive and has begun positive selection. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002430 A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD4 co-receptor. 2010-10-21T02:29:19Z T.4int8+.Th T_4int8+_Th CD4-intermediate, CD8-positive double-positive thymocyte true A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD4 co-receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002431 A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD8 co-receptor. 2010-10-21T02:29:23Z T.4+8int.Th T_4+8int_Th CD4-positive, CD8-intermediate double-positive thymocyte true A double-positive thymocyte that is undergoing positive selection, has high expression of the alpha-beta T cell receptor, is CD69-positive, and is in the process of down regulating the CD8 co-receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002432 A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. 2010-10-21T02:43:52Z CD24-positive, CD4 single-positive semimature thymocyte T.4SP24int.Th Described in the immgene database as being CD24-intermediate. CD24-positive, CD4 single-positive thymocyte true A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002433 A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. 2010-10-21T02:46:02Z T.4SP69+.Th intermediate CD4-single-positive CD69-positive, CD4-positive single-positive thymocyte true A CD4-positive, CD8-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002434 A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. 2010-10-21T02:59:10Z CD24-positive, CD8 single-positive semimature thymocyte T.8SP24int.Th Described in the immgene database as being CD24-intermediate. CD24-positive, CD8 single-positive thymocyte true A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that is CD24-positive and expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002435 A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. 2010-10-21T02:59:14Z T.8SP69+.Th intermediate CD8-single-positive CD69-positive, CD8-positive single-positive thymocyte true A CD8-positive, CD4-negative thymocyte that expresses high levels of the alpha-beta T cell receptor and is CD69-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 CL:0002436 A mature CD4-positive, CD8-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. 2010-10-21T03:31:19Z T.4SP24-.Th mature CD4 single-positive thymocyte true A mature CD4-positive, CD8-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html T.4SP24-.Th CL:0002437 A mature CD8-positive, CD4-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. 2010-10-21T03:51:50Z T.8SP24-.Th mature CD8 single-positive thymocyte true A mature CD8-positive, CD4-negative alpha-beta T cell found in the thymus that is CD24-low and has high expression of the T cell receptor. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002438 A mature NK cell that is NK1.1-positive. 2010-10-25T03:18:04Z NK.sp NK1.1-positive NK cell Note: Nk1.1 expression is restricted to C57BL strains of laboratory mice. NK1.1-positive natural killer cell, mouse A mature NK cell that is NK1.1-positive. GOC:tfm CL:0002439 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is NKGA2-positive. 2010-10-25T03:31:09Z NK.G2A+.SP NKGA2-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is NKGA2-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002440 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49D-positive. 2010-10-25T03:36:19Z NK.49D+.Sp Ly49D-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49D-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002441 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-positive. 2010-10-25T03:36:28Z NK.94+.Sp CD94-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002442 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-negative and Ly49Cl-negative. 2010-10-25T03:56:21Z CD94- Ly49I-negative NK cell NK.49Cl-94-.Sp CD94-negative, Ly49CI-negative natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-negative and Ly49Cl-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002443 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49Cl-positive. 2010-10-25T03:36:38Z Ly49I-positive NK cell NK.49Cl+.Sp Ly49CI-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49Cl-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002444 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49H-positive. 2010-10-25T03:36:43Z LyH49H-positive Ly49H-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49H-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002445 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49D-negative. 2010-10-25T03:39:02Z NK.49D-.Sp Ly49D-negative natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49D-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002446 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49Cl-negative. 2010-10-25T03:52:04Z Ly49I-negative NK cell NK.49Cl-.Sp Ly49CI-negative natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49Cl-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002447 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-negative. 2010-10-25T03:54:18Z NK.94-.Sp CD94-negative natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002448 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49H-negative. 2010-10-25T03:42:42Z LyH49H-negative Ly49H-negative natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is Ly49H-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002449 A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-positive and Ly49Cl-positive. 2010-10-25T03:56:27Z NK.49Cl+94+.Sp CD94-positive Ly49CI-positive natural killer cell, mouse A NK1.1-positive T cell that is CD94-positive and Ly49Cl-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002450 A specialized hair cell that has an elongated kinocilium upon which an otolith accretes. The tether cell then anchors the otolith in place. 2010-11-10T01:41:00Z tether cell A specialized hair cell that has an elongated kinocilium upon which an otolith accretes. The tether cell then anchors the otolith in place. GOC:cvs GOC:tfm PMID:9398434 CL:0002451 A multi-fate stem cell that is the source of cells for growth of the mammary gland during puberty and gestation. This cell type gives rise to both the luminal and myoepithelial cell types of the gland, and have been shown to have the ability to regenerate the entire organ in mice. This cell type also plays an important role in carcinogenesis of the breast. This cell type is Lin-, CD24-positive, CD29-hi. 2010-11-10T01:46:51Z mammary stem cell A multi-fate stem cell that is the source of cells for growth of the mammary gland during puberty and gestation. This cell type gives rise to both the luminal and myoepithelial cell types of the gland, and have been shown to have the ability to regenerate the entire organ in mice. This cell type also plays an important role in carcinogenesis of the breast. This cell type is Lin-, CD24-positive, CD29-hi. GOC:hjd GOC:tfm PMID:15987436 PMID:16397499 PMID:17851544 CL:0002452 true CL:0002453 A progenitor cell of the central nervous system that can differentiate into oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes. This cell originates from multiple structures within the developing brain including the medial ganglion eminence and the lateral ganglionic eminence. These cells migrate throughout the central nervous system and persist into adulthood where they play an important role in remyelination of injured neurons. 2010-11-10T02:51:34Z oligodendrocyte-type 2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cell oligodendrocyte/type-2 astrocyte progenitor cell MESH:D000073637 O-2A/OPC O2A/OPC This cell type can be purified from optic nerves and other regions of the embryonic, postnatal and adult rat CNS and can be differentiated in vitro to oligodendrocytes and type-2 astrocytes. Some references use the terms 'oligodendrocyte precursor cell' and 'oligodendrocyte type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor' to refer to the same entity (e.g., PMID:10704434), while others describe an oligodendrocyte type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cell as the precurosr to oligodendrocyte- and type-2 astrocyte- progenitor cells (e.g, ISBN:9780702028991). oligodendrocyte precursor cell A progenitor cell of the central nervous system that can differentiate into oligodendrocytes or type-2 astrocytes. This cell originates from multiple structures within the developing brain including the medial ganglion eminence and the lateral ganglionic eminence. These cells migrate throughout the central nervous system and persist into adulthood where they play an important role in remyelination of injured neurons. GOC:tfm PMID:10704434 PMID:11756508 PMID:20142420 PMID:2182078 PMID:24133281 PMID:9826671 oligodendrocyte-type 2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cell PMID:2253328 oligodendrocyte/type-2 astrocyte progenitor cell PMID:24133281 O-2A/OPC PMID:24133281 O2A/OPC PMID:11756508 This cell type can be purified from optic nerves and other regions of the embryonic, postnatal and adult rat CNS and can be differentiated in vitro to oligodendrocytes and type-2 astrocytes. Some references use the terms 'oligodendrocyte precursor cell' and 'oligodendrocyte type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor' to refer to the same entity (e.g., PMID:10704434), while others describe an oligodendrocyte type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cell as the precurosr to oligodendrocyte- and type-2 astrocyte- progenitor cells (e.g, ISBN:9780702028991). ISBN:9780702028991 PMID:10704434 PMID:2182078 CL:0002454 Cd4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative, CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative and is CD205-positive. 2010-11-22T01:10:28Z DC.8-4-11b+ spleen double-negative dendritic cell Cd4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative, CD11b-positive dendritic cell true Cd4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative, CD11b-positive dendritic cell is a conventional dendritic cell that is CD11b-positive, CD4-negative, CD8_alpha-negative and is CD205-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002455 A CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-negative and CD4-positive. 2010-11-22T01:27:37Z DC.pDC.8- CD8_alpha-negative plasmacytoid dendritic cell true A CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-negative and CD4-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002456 A CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-positive and CD4-positive. 2010-11-22T01:23:07Z DC.pDC.8+ CD8_alpha-positive plasmacytoid dendritic cell true A CD11c-low plasmacytoid dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-positive and CD4-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002457 A Langerhans cell that is in the epidermis and is CD45-positive, MHCII-positive, and CD11b-positive. 2010-11-22T03:57:57Z epidermal Langerhans cell true A Langerhans cell that is in the epidermis and is CD45-positive, MHCII-positive, and CD11b-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002458 A dermal dendritic cell that is langerin-positive and CD103-positive. 2010-11-22T04:06:22Z langerin-positive dermal dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell that is langerin-positive and CD103-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002459 A dermal dendritic cell that is langerin-negative, CD103-negative, and CD11b-positive. 2010-11-22T04:09:44Z langerin-negative dermal dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell that is langerin-negative, CD103-negative, and CD11b-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002460 A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-negative. 2010-11-23T10:58:53Z DC.8-.Th CD8alpha-negative thymic conventional dendritic cell true A conventional thymic dendritic cell that is CD8alpha-negative. GOC:tfm PMID:19273629 http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002461 A conventional dendritic cell that is CD103-positive. This cell type is usually found in non-lymphoid tissue. 2010-11-23T01:32:43Z CD103-positive dendritic cell true A conventional dendritic cell that is CD103-positive. This cell type is usually found in non-lymphoid tissue. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002462 A F4/80-negative dendritic cell located in adipose tissue. 2010-11-23T01:38:21Z adipose dendritic cell true A F4/80-negative dendritic cell located in adipose tissue. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002463 An adipose dendritic cell that is SIRPa-positive. 2010-11-23T01:40:44Z DC.SIRPa+.Ad SIRPa-positive adipose dendritic cell An adipose dendritic cell that is SIRPa-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002464 An adipose dendritic cell that is SIRPa-negative. 2010-11-23T01:40:46Z DC.SIRPa-.Ad SIRPa-negative adipose dendritic cell An adipose dendritic cell that is SIRPa-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002465 A conventional dendritic cell that expresses CD11b (ITGAM). 2010-11-23T01:50:05Z CD11b-positive dendritic cell true A conventional dendritic cell that expresses CD11b (ITGAM). GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002466 A CD11b-positive dendritic cell located in the serosal portion of the small intestine epithelium. This cell type is CD45-positive, MHC-II-positive, CD11c-low, CD103-negative. 2010-11-23T02:00:21Z DC.11cloSer.SI small intestine serosal dendritic cell true A CD11b-positive dendritic cell located in the serosal portion of the small intestine epithelium. This cell type is CD45-positive, MHC-II-positive, CD11c-low, CD103-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002467 A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-high and CD11c-negative. 2010-11-23T02:15:12Z MDS.Gr1hi Gr1-high myeloid suppressor cell true A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-high and CD11c-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002468 A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-low and CD11c-positive. 2010-11-23T02:19:43Z MDS.Gr1lo Gr1-low myeloid suppressor cell true A myeloid suppressor cell that is Gr1-low and CD11c-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002469 Gr1-high monocyte that lacks MHC-II receptor complex. 2010-11-23T03:27:12Z Mo.6C+II- MHC-II-negative classical monocyte true Gr1-high monocyte that lacks MHC-II receptor complex. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002470 Gr1-high monocyte that has a MHC-II receptor complex. 2010-11-23T03:30:21Z Mo.6c+II MHC-II-positive classical monocyte true Gr1-high monocyte that has a MHC-II receptor complex. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002471 Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that lacks expression of a MHC-II complex. 2010-11-23T03:38:15Z Mo.6C-II- MHC-II-negative non-classical monocyte true Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that lacks expression of a MHC-II complex. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002472 Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that has low to intermediate expression of the MHC-II complex. 2010-11-23T03:47:53Z Mo.6C-IIint MHC-II-low non-classical monocyte true Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that has low to intermediate expression of the MHC-II complex. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002473 Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that has high surface expression of a MHC-II complex. 2010-11-23T03:47:55Z Mo.6C-II+ MHC-II-high non-classical monocyte true Gr1-low non-classical monocyte that has high surface expression of a MHC-II complex. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002474 A MHC-II-negative classical monocyte located in lymphoid tissue that is F4/80-positive, CD11c-negative, and CD11b-high. 2010-11-23T04:00:52Z lymphoid MHC-II-negative classical monocyte true A MHC-II-negative classical monocyte located in lymphoid tissue that is F4/80-positive, CD11c-negative, and CD11b-high. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002475 A MHC-II-negative classical monocyte located in lymphoid tissue that is F4/80-positive, CD11c-intermediate, and CD11b-high. 2010-11-23T04:09:09Z lymphoid MHC-II-negative non-classical monocyte A MHC-II-negative classical monocyte located in lymphoid tissue that is F4/80-positive, CD11c-intermediate, and CD11b-high. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002476 A tissue-resident macrophage located in the bone marrow. This cell type is B220-negative, CD3e-negative, Ly-6C-negative, CD115-positive, F4/80-positive. 2010-11-23T04:19:25Z BTO:0004732 MF.BM bone marrow macrophage true A tissue-resident macrophage located in the bone marrow. This cell type is B220-negative, CD3e-negative, Ly-6C-negative, CD115-positive, F4/80-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html MF.BM CL:0002477 A macrophage located in adipose tissue that is CD45-positive, CD11c-positive, and SIRPa-positive. 2010-11-23T04:31:28Z adipose macrophage true A macrophage located in adipose tissue that is CD45-positive, CD11c-positive, and SIRPa-positive. GOC:tfm CL:0002478 An adipose macrophage that does not express F4/80but is MHC-II-positive. This cell type exhibits autofluorescence under typical flow cyometry conditions. 2010-11-23T04:40:50Z MF.Autofl.Ad F4/80-negative adipose macrophage true An adipose macrophage that does not express F4/80but is MHC-II-positive. This cell type exhibits autofluorescence under typical flow cyometry conditions. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002479 An adipose macrophage that does not express MHC-II but is F4/80-positive. 2010-11-23T04:35:53Z MF.F480+.Ad F4/80-positive adipose macrophage true An adipose macrophage that does not express MHC-II but is F4/80-positive. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002480 A goblet cell located in the nasal epithelium. 2010-12-03T03:03:02Z MP:0002262 nasal mucosa goblet cell A goblet cell located in the nasal epithelium. GOC:cjm GOC:tfm CL:0002481 The flattened smooth myoepithelial cells of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule. 2010-12-03T03:11:48Z peritubular myoid cell true The flattened smooth myoepithelial cells of mesodermal origin that lie just outside the basal lamina of the seminiferous tubule. GOC:cjm GOC:tfm MP:0006420 CL:0002482 A melanocyte that produces pigment in the dermis. 2010-12-03T03:17:05Z dermal melanocyte A melanocyte that produces pigment in the dermis. GOC:cjm GOC:tfm MP:0009386 CL:0002483 A melanocyte that produces pigment within the hair follicle. 2010-12-03T03:17:09Z hair follicle melanocyte A melanocyte that produces pigment within the hair follicle. GOC:tfm MP:0004381 CL:0002484 A melanocyte that produces pigment in the epithelium. 2010-12-03T03:17:14Z The text defintion reference to the MP term appears to reference an epidermal melanocyte term. This term represents any melanocyte in any epithelium. epithelial melanocyte true A melanocyte that produces pigment in the epithelium. GOC:tfm MP:0009388 CL:0002485 A melanocyte of the retina. This cell type is distinct from pigmented retinal epithelium. 2010-12-03T03:25:32Z retinal melanocyte A melanocyte of the retina. This cell type is distinct from pigmented retinal epithelium. GOC:tfm MP:0010190 CL:0002486 A melanocyte located between the epithelial marginal cell layer and the mesodermal basal cell layer within the intrastrial space; the predominant cellular component of the electrogenic machinery that generates an endocochlear potential (80-100 mV) . 2010-12-03T03:29:15Z strial intermediate cell A melanocyte located between the epithelial marginal cell layer and the mesodermal basal cell layer within the intrastrial space; the predominant cellular component of the electrogenic machinery that generates an endocochlear potential (80-100 mV) . GOC:tfm MP:0000048 CL:0002487 A neuronal receptor that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion in the skin. 2010-12-06T02:53:30Z cutaneous/subcutaneous mechanoreceptor cell A neuronal receptor that respond to mechanical pressure or distortion in the skin. GOC:tfm MP:0000973 CL:0002488 A trophoblast cell that has a large volume of cytoplasm, is polyploid and is usually mononuclear but is also occasionally multi-nucleate. This cell type is important in establishing maternal physiology and remodeling of the vasculature of the placenta. 2010-12-06T02:55:24Z giant trophoblast cell trophoblast giant cell true A trophoblast cell that has a large volume of cytoplasm, is polyploid and is usually mononuclear but is also occasionally multi-nucleate. This cell type is important in establishing maternal physiology and remodeling of the vasculature of the placenta. GOC:tfm MP:0001714 MP:19876834 CL:0002489 A thymocyte that lacks expression of CD4 and CD8. 2010-12-06T03:03:38Z CD4-CD8- T cell double negative T cell These are precursors to mature T cells; normally, they do not circulate, but are found in the thymus and they have not undergone rearrangement of the alpha and beta T cell receptor genes. double negative thymocyte A thymocyte that lacks expression of CD4 and CD8. GOC:tfm MP:0002407 CD4-CD8- T cell MP:0002407 CL:0002490 A supporting cell of the organ of Corti. 2010-12-06T03:09:01Z organ of Corti supporting cell A supporting cell of the organ of Corti. GOC:tfm MP:0004300 CL:0002491 A specialized cell involved in auditory sensory perception. 2010-12-06T03:18:43Z auditory epithelial cell A specialized cell involved in auditory sensory perception. GOC:tfm CL:0002492 A polarized columnar cell that covesr the lateral surface of the cochlear duct, secretes potassium ions and forms a continuous sheet in contact with the endolymph; marginal cells form extensive interdigitations with the basal and intermediate cells in the normal adult stria. 2010-12-06T03:20:41Z strial marginal cell A polarized columnar cell that covesr the lateral surface of the cochlear duct, secretes potassium ions and forms a continuous sheet in contact with the endolymph; marginal cells form extensive interdigitations with the basal and intermediate cells in the normal adult stria. GOC:tfm MP:0004366 CL:0002493 A polarized cell that is juxtaposed to fibrocytes in the underlying spiral ligament. This cell type secretes potassium ions derived from fibrocytes through gap junctions. 2010-12-06T03:26:53Z Basal cells form a multi-layered epithelial barrier that separates the extracellular spaces of the stria vascularis and the spiral ligament[PMID:18353863] strial basal cell A polarized cell that is juxtaposed to fibrocytes in the underlying spiral ligament. This cell type secretes potassium ions derived from fibrocytes through gap junctions. GOC:tfm MP:0004365 CL:0002494 A cell located in the heart, including both muscle and non muscle cells. 2010-12-07T09:37:22Z BTO:0001539 CALOHA:TS-0115 FMA:83808 FMA:84791 heart cell From Onard of the FMA: Cardiac muscle cell or cardiac myocyte is a striated muscle cell. Cardiocyte on the other hand is any cell in the heart which includes cells other than muscle cells (e.g. endothelial cell of endocardium). Unless there is a consensus among anatomists that cardiocytes refer only to muscle cells, we will treat them as a general class of cells in the heart. cardiocyte A cell located in the heart, including both muscle and non muscle cells. GOC:tfm CL:0002495 A fetal and neonatal heart cell that undergoes proliferation and is not yet terminally differentiated into a binucleate or a multinucleate cardiac myocyte. 2010-12-07T09:50:41Z embryonic cardiomyocyte neonatal cardiomyocyte fetal cardiomyocyte A fetal and neonatal heart cell that undergoes proliferation and is not yet terminally differentiated into a binucleate or a multinucleate cardiac myocyte. GOC:tfm MP:0008788 CL:0002496 A T cell that is located in the intestinal epithelium and is capable of a mucosal immune response. 2010-12-07T09:54:50Z MESH:D000075942 IEL intraepithelial T cell intraepithelial T-cell intraepithelial lymphocyte true A T cell that is located in the intestinal epithelium and is capable of a mucosal immune response. GOC:tfm MP:0008894 CL:0002497 A trophoblast giant cell derived from the mural trophectoderm. 2010-12-07T10:07:47Z EMAPA:16066 primary trophoblast giant cell A trophoblast giant cell derived from the mural trophectoderm. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC85124 CL:0002498 A trophoblast giant cell that is derived from ectoplacental cone and, later in gestation, the spongiotrophoblast. 2010-12-07T10:07:52Z secondary trophoblast giant cell A trophoblast giant cell that is derived from ectoplacental cone and, later in gestation, the spongiotrophoblast. GOC:tfm PMCID:PMC85124 CL:0002499 A trophoblast cell that arises in the junctional zone (basal plate) of the placenta. 2010-12-07T12:56:56Z spongiotrophoblast spongiotrophoblast cell A trophoblast cell that arises in the junctional zone (basal plate) of the placenta. GOC:tfm MP:0008959 CL:0002500 A P/D1 enteroendocrine cell that is Grimelius positive and stores bombesin-like polypeptide. 2010-12-07T03:42:06Z P enteroendocrine cell A P/D1 enteroendocrine cell that is Grimelius positive and stores bombesin-like polypeptide. FMA:63418 GOC:tfm CL:0002501 A P/D1 enteroendocrine cell that is argyrophilic and stores vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. 2010-12-07T03:42:09Z FMA:63207 type D1 enteroendocrine cell A P/D1 enteroendocrine cell that is argyrophilic and stores vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. FMA:63207 GOC:tfm CL:0002502 An enteroendocrine cell of the small intestine that secretes motilin. 2010-12-07T03:55:49Z Mo enteroendocrine cell FMA:63420 type M enteroendocrine cell An enteroendocrine cell of the small intestine that secretes motilin. GOC:tfm PMID:15153415 CL:0002503 A cell of the adventitial layer of ductal structures such as the uterer, defent duct, biliary duct, etc 2010-12-07T04:03:56Z BTO:0002441 FMA:84639 adventitial cell A cell of the adventitial layer of ductal structures such as the uterer, defent duct, biliary duct, etc GOC:tfm CL:0002504 A smooth muscle cell of the intestine. 2011-01-17T03:39:38Z intestinal smooth muscle cell enteric smooth muscle cell true A smooth muscle cell of the intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002505 A CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD11b-high, CD45-positive, MHC-II-positive and CD103-negative. 2011-01-21T01:27:41Z DC.103-11b+.Lv liver CD103-negative dendritic cell true A CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD11b-high, CD45-positive, MHC-II-positive and CD103-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002506 A CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD11b-low, CD45-positive, MHC-II-high and CD103-positive that is located in the liver. 2011-01-21T01:27:45Z DC.103+11b-.Lv liver CD103-positive dendritic cell true A CD11b-positive dendritic cell that is CD11b-low, CD45-positive, MHC-II-high and CD103-positive that is located in the liver. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002507 A dermal dendritic cell isolated from skin draining lymph nodes that is langerin-positive, MHC-II-positive, and CD4-negative and CD8a-negative. 2011-01-21T01:57:00Z langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell isolated from skin draining lymph nodes that is langerin-positive, MHC-II-positive, and CD4-negative and CD8a-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002508 A dermal dendritic cell isolated from skin draining lymph nodes that is langerin-negative, MHC-II-positive, and CD4-negative and CD8a-negative. 2011-01-21T02:13:58Z langerin-negative, CD103-negative lymph node dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell isolated from skin draining lymph nodes that is langerin-negative, MHC-II-positive, and CD4-negative and CD8a-negative. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002509 A langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-positive and CD11b-low. 2011-01-21T02:07:54Z CD103-positive, langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell true A langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-positive and CD11b-low. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002510 A langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-high. 2011-01-21T02:11:14Z CD103-negative, langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell true A langerin-positive lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-high. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002511 A langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-low. 2011-01-21T02:22:15Z CD11b-low, CD103-negative, langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell true A langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-low. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002512 A langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-high. 2011-01-21T02:16:21Z CD11b-high, CD103-negative, langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell true A langerin-negative lymph node dendritic cell that is CD103-negative and CD11b-high. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002513 A CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that expresses a TCR encoded in part by the Vgamma5 gene segment. 2011-01-24T10:22:18Z tgd.vg5+.IEL Vgamma5-positive CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell A CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that expresses a TCR encoded in part by the Vgamma5 gene segment. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002514 A CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that does not express a TCR partially encoded by the Vgamma5 gene segment. 2011-01-24T10:25:44Z tgd.vg5-.IEL Vgamma5-negative CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell A CD8alpha alpha positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell that does not express a TCR partially encoded by the Vgamma5 gene segment. GOC:tfm http://www.immgen.org/index_content.html CL:0002515 An interrenal chromaffin cell found in teleosts that contain heterogeneous vesicles with electron-dense granules located asymmetrically within the vesicular membrane. 2011-02-08T10:11:55Z interrenal noradrenaline type cell type n interrenal cell interrenal norepinephrine type cell An interrenal chromaffin cell found in teleosts that contain heterogeneous vesicles with electron-dense granules located asymmetrically within the vesicular membrane. GOC:MH GOC:tfm PMID:12668625 CL:0002516 A chromaffin cell interspersed among the interrenal epithelial layer of the anterior kidney of teloest fish. 2011-02-08T10:21:35Z interrenal chromaffin cell A chromaffin cell interspersed among the interrenal epithelial layer of the anterior kidney of teloest fish. GOC:MH GOC:tfm PMID:12668625 CL:0002517 An interrenal chromaffin cell found in teleosts that contain small, homogeneous electron-lucent granules that are separated from the vesicular membrane by a visible halo. 2011-02-08T10:27:05Z type a interrenal cell interrenal adrenaline secreting cell interrenal epinephrin secreting cell An interrenal chromaffin cell found in teleosts that contain small, homogeneous electron-lucent granules that are separated from the vesicular membrane by a visible halo. GOC:MH GOC:tfm PMID:12668625 CL:0002518 An epithelial cell of the kidney. 2011-02-08T10:46:34Z KUPO:0001019 kidney epithelial cell true An epithelial cell of the kidney. GOC:tfm KUPO:SJ CL:0002519 An interrenal epithelial kidney cell is an epithelial cell found in the anterior kidney of teleosts fish. This cell type is arranged in layers around the posterior cardinal vein and contains many mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae. Interrenal chromaffin cells are interspersed among the tissue layer created by this cell type. 2011-02-08T11:03:32Z interrenal epithelial cell An interrenal epithelial kidney cell is an epithelial cell found in the anterior kidney of teleosts fish. This cell type is arranged in layers around the posterior cardinal vein and contains many mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae. Interrenal chromaffin cells are interspersed among the tissue layer created by this cell type. GOC:mh GOC:tfm PMID:12668625 CL:0002520 An insect excretory cell that regulates hemolymph composition by filtration and filtrate endocytosis. 2011-02-08T01:34:56Z BTO:0004597 nephrocyte An insect excretory cell that regulates hemolymph composition by filtration and filtrate endocytosis. GOC:tfm PMID:19783135 CL:0002521 An adipocyte that is part of subcutaneous adipose tissue. 2011-02-21T02:51:22Z subcutaneous fat cell subcutaneous adipocyte true An adipocyte that is part of subcutaneous adipose tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002522 A renal filtration cell is a specialized cell of the renal system that filter fluids by charge, size or both. 2011-02-08T01:37:59Z renal filtration cell A renal filtration cell is a specialized cell of the renal system that filter fluids by charge, size or both. GOC:tfm CL:0002523 A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. 2011-02-08T01:58:30Z mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell mesonephric podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros. GOC:tfm mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell ZFA:0001674 CL:0002524 A disseminated nephrocyte is a nephrocyte that filters hemolymph and is found at scattered locations in the fat body or other tissues. 2011-02-08T02:07:33Z disseminated nephrocyte A disseminated nephrocyte is a nephrocyte that filters hemolymph and is found at scattered locations in the fat body or other tissues. GOC:tfm PMID:19783135 CL:0002525 A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. 2011-02-08T02:02:13Z metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell metanephric podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros. GOC:tfm metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell 10.1007/s004180050142 CL:0002526 A dermal dendritic cell that is CD1a-negative and CD14-positive. CD14+ dermal DC They are also CD11c-positive, CD40-positive, CD85j-positive (ILT-2), CD163-positive, CD205-positive (DEC205), CD207-negative (langerin), CD209-positive (DC-SIGN), CD274-positive (PD-L1), CD324-negative (E-cadherin), Factor XIIIa-positive, LOX-I-positive, CLEC6-positive, Dectin-1-positive, and DCIR-positive. Upon stimulation, these cells are capable of producing IL1-beta, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL12p40, IL19, IL20, IL24, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, GM-CSF, and MCP1. They reside in the dermis. CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell that is CD1a-negative and CD14-positive. GOC:dsd PMID:19236899 PMID:20309010 CL:0002527 An immature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. immature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell true An immature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:dsd CL:0002528 A mature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. mature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell true A mature CD14-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD86-high, MHCII-high and is CD83-positive. GOC:dsd CL:0002529 A dermal dendritic cell that is CD1a-positive and CD14-negative. CD1a+ dermal DC Reside in the dermis. They are also CD11c-positive, CD40-positive, CD207-negative (langerin), CD209-negative (DC-SIGN), and CD324-negative (E-cadherin). When activated, they are capable of producing CXCL8 (IL-8) and IL-15. Possibly a precursor of Langerhans cells or equivalent of langerin-positive dermal DCs in the mouse. CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell true A dermal dendritic cell that is CD1a-positive and CD14-negative. GOC:dsd PMID:20309010 CL:0002530 An immature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. immature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell true An immature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:dsd CL:0002531 A mature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD83-positive, CD86-high, and MHCII-high. mature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell true A mature CD1a-positive dermal dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD83-positive, CD86-high, and MHCII-high. GOC:dsd CL:0002532 A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood that is CD16-positive. CD16+ mDC CD16-mDC Normally represent 65-75% of peripheral blood mDCs (human). They are also CD281-positive (TLR1), CD282-positive (TLR2), CD284-positive (TLR4), CD285-positive (TLR5), CD286-positive (TLR6), CD288-positive (TLR8), CD289-positive (TLR9), and CD290-positive (TLR10) by RT-PCR [PMID:17332250]. Upon TLR stimulation, these cells are potent producers of TNF-alpha, while producing little CXCL8 (IL8). CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell true A myeloid dendritic cell found in the blood that is CD16-positive. GOC:dsd PMID:17332250 CL:0002533 An immature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. immature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell true An immature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell is CD80-low, CD86-low, and MHCII-low. GOC:dsd CL:0002534 A mature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD83-positive, CD86-high, and MHCII-high. mature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell true A mature CD16-positive myeloid dendritic cell is CD80-high, CD83-positive, CD86-high, and MHCII-high. GOC:dsd CL:0002535 An epithelial cell of the cervix. 2011-02-24T08:20:08Z cervical canal epithelial cell cervical canal of uterus epithelial cell cervix epithelial cell cervix of uterus epithelial cell epithelial cell of cervical canal epithelial cell of cervical canal of uterus epithelial cell of cervix of uterus epithelial cell of neck of uterus epithelial cell of uterine cervix neck of uterus epithelial cell uterine cervix epithelial cell epithelial cell of cervix An epithelial cell of the cervix. GOC:tfm cervical canal epithelial cell GOC:tfm cervical canal of uterus epithelial cell GOC:tfm cervix epithelial cell GOC:tfm cervix of uterus epithelial cell GOC:tfm epithelial cell of cervical canal GOC:tfm epithelial cell of cervical canal of uterus GOC:tfm epithelial cell of cervix of uterus GOC:tfm epithelial cell of neck of uterus GOC:tfm epithelial cell of uterine cervix GOC:tfm neck of uterus epithelial cell GOC:tfm uterine cervix epithelial cell GOC:tfm CL:0002536 An epithelial cell that is part of the amnion. 2011-02-28T12:38:01Z amniotic epithelial cell epithelial cell of amnion An epithelial cell that is part of the amnion. GOC:tfm CL:0002537 A mesenchymal stem cell of the amnion membrane. 2011-02-28T12:44:24Z amniotic membrane stem cell amnion mesenchymal stem cell A mesenchymal stem cell of the amnion membrane. GOC:tfm PMID:20446274 PMID:21339039 CL:0002538 An epithelial cell of the intrahepatic portion of the bile duct. These cells are flattened or cuboidal in shape, and have a small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to large/extrahepatic cholangiocytes. 2011-02-28T01:20:20Z small bile duct cholangiocyte intrahepatic cholangiocyte true An epithelial cell of the intrahepatic portion of the bile duct. These cells are flattened or cuboidal in shape, and have a small nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to large/extrahepatic cholangiocytes. GOC:tfm PMID:23720296 small bile duct cholangiocyte PMID:23720296 CL:0002539 A smooth muscle cell of the aorta. 2011-02-28T01:42:12Z BTO:0004577 aortic smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell of the aorta. GOC:tfm CL:0002540 A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of the bone marrow. 2011-02-28T01:47:47Z mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of the bone marrow. GOC:tfm CL:0002541 A mesenchymal stem cell of the chorionic membrane. 2011-02-28T03:04:35Z chorionic membrane mesenchymal stem cell A mesenchymal stem cell of the chorionic membrane. GOC:tfm CL:0002542 true CL:0002543 An endothelial cell that is part of the vein. 2011-02-28T03:48:11Z FMA:62104 KUPO:0001099 endothelial cell of vein venous endothelial cell vein endothelial cell true An endothelial cell that is part of the vein. GOC:tfm CL:0002544 An arterial endothelial cell that is part of the aorta endothelium. 2011-02-28T03:54:42Z BTO:0003245 CALOHA:TS-0047 aortic endothelial cell An arterial endothelial cell that is part of the aorta endothelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002545 An endothelial cell that is part of the thoracic endothelium. 2011-02-28T03:59:09Z thoracic aorta endothelial cell true An endothelial cell that is part of the thoracic endothelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002546 An endothelial progenitor cell that participates in angiogenesis during development. 2011-02-28T04:20:39Z See CL:0002619. embryonic blood vessel endothelial progenitor cell An endothelial progenitor cell that participates in angiogenesis during development. GOC:tfm CL:0002547 A fibroblast of the aortic adventitia. 2011-02-28T04:43:41Z fibroblast of the aortic adventitia true A fibroblast of the aortic adventitia. GOC:tfm CL:0002548 A fibroblast that is part of the heart. 2011-02-28T04:57:44Z cardiac fibroblast fibroblast of cardiac tissue true true A fibroblast that is part of the heart. GOC:tfm CL:0002549 A fibroblast that is part of the choroid plexus. 2011-02-28T05:01:39Z fibroblast of choroid plexus true A fibroblast that is part of the choroid plexus. GOC:tfm CL:0002550 A fibroblast that is part of the conjuctiva of the eye. 2011-02-28T05:03:44Z fibroblast of the conjunctiva A fibroblast that is part of the conjuctiva of the eye. GOC:tfm CL:0002551 2011-02-28T05:05:33Z fibroblast of dermis true CL:0002552 2011-02-28T05:09:12Z fibroblast of gingiva true CL:0002553 A fibroblast that is part of lung. 2011-02-28T05:11:03Z BTO:0000764 CALOHA:TS-0575 fibroblast of lung true A fibroblast that is part of lung. GOC:tfm CL:0002554 A fibroblast of the lymphatic system. 2011-02-28T05:16:18Z fibroblast of lymphatic vessel true A fibroblast of the lymphatic system. GOC:tfm CL:0002555 A fibroblast that is part of the mammary gland. 2011-02-28T05:18:38Z fibroblast of mammary gland true A fibroblast that is part of the mammary gland. GOC:tfm CL:0002556 A fibroblast of the periodontium. 2011-02-28T05:19:48Z fibroblast of periodontium true A fibroblast of the periodontium. GOC:tfm CL:0002557 A fibroblast of pulmonary artery. 2011-02-28T05:22:27Z fibroblast of pulmonary artery true A fibroblast of pulmonary artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002558 A fibroblast that is part of villous mesenchyme. 2011-02-28T05:24:28Z fibroblast of villous mesenchyme A fibroblast that is part of villous mesenchyme. GOC:tfm CL:0002559 An animal cell that is part of a hair follicle. 2011-03-01T04:11:01Z hair follicle cell An animal cell that is part of a hair follicle. GOC:tfm CL:0002560 An epithelial cell that resides in the inner root sheath of the hair follicle. 2011-03-01T04:27:51Z inner root sheath cell true An epithelial cell that resides in the inner root sheath of the hair follicle. GOC:tfm CL:0002561 An epithelial cell that is part of the outer root sheath. 2011-03-01T04:29:47Z outer root sheath cell true An epithelial cell that is part of the outer root sheath. GOC:tfm CL:0002562 An epidermal cell that is part of the germinal matrix. 2011-03-01T04:31:06Z trichocyte hair germinal matrix cell true An epidermal cell that is part of the germinal matrix. GOC:tfm CL:0002563 An epithelial cell of the intestine. 2011-03-01T05:18:31Z intestinal epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002564 A connective tissue cell of the nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc. 2011-03-02T02:12:23Z nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc A connective tissue cell of the nucleus pulposus cell of intervertebral disc. GOC:tfm CL:0002565 A pigment cell located in the epithelium of the iris. 2011-03-01T05:28:52Z iris pigment epithelial cell true A pigment cell located in the epithelium of the iris. GOC:tfm CL:0002566 A melanocyte that appears darker due to content or amount of melanin granules. 2011-03-01T05:57:11Z melanotic melanocyte melanotic melanophore dark melanocyte A melanocyte that appears darker due to content or amount of melanin granules. GOC:tfm melanotic melanocyte PMID:10985850 melanotic melanophore PMID:10985850 CL:0002567 A melanocyte that appears lighter in color. 2011-03-01T05:58:23Z amelanotic melanocyte amelanotic melanophore light melanocyte A melanocyte that appears lighter in color. GOC:tfm amelanotic melanocyte PMID:10985850 amelanotic melanophore PMID:10985850 CL:0002568 A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of Wharton's jelly. 2011-03-01T09:51:18Z mesenchymal stem cell of Wharton's jelly A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of Wharton's jelly. GOC:tfm CL:0002569 A mesenchymal stem cell of the umbilical cord. 2011-03-01T09:55:12Z mesenchymal stem cell of umbilical cord A mesenchymal stem cell of the umbilical cord. GOC:tfm CL:0002570 A mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue. 2011-03-01T09:57:17Z mesenchymal stem cell of adipose mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue A mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002571 A mesenchymal stem cell of liver. 2011-03-01T09:58:51Z hepatic mesenchymal stem cell true A mesenchymal stem cell of liver. GOC:tfm CL:0002572 A mesenchymal stem cell of the vertebrae. 2011-03-01T10:40:27Z vertebral mesenchymal stem cell true A mesenchymal stem cell of the vertebrae. GOC:tfm CL:0002573 A glial cell that myelinates or ensheathes axons in the peripheral nervous system. 2011-03-02T01:19:27Z BTO:0001220 CALOHA:TS-0898 MESH:D012583 A myelinating Schwann cell wraps around a single axon. Myelination occurs in larger diameter axons, while a process called ensheathment occurs on smaller diameter axons in which a single cell wraps around multiple small, unmyelinated axons separating them with a thin layer of cytoplasm. The structure formed is called a Remak bundle. Schwann cell A glial cell that myelinates or ensheathes axons in the peripheral nervous system. GOC:tfm PMID:16807057 A myelinating Schwann cell wraps around a single axon. Myelination occurs in larger diameter axons, while a process called ensheathment occurs on smaller diameter axons in which a single cell wraps around multiple small, unmyelinated axons separating them with a thin layer of cytoplasm. The structure formed is called a Remak bundle. PMID:16807057 CL:0002574 A stromal cell of the pancreas. 2011-03-02T02:40:41Z stromal cell of pancreas true A stromal cell of the pancreas. GOC:tfm CL:0002575 A pericyte of the central nervous system. 2011-03-02T02:54:18Z central nervous system pericyte true A pericyte of the central nervous system. GOC:tfm CL:0002576 A glial cell that is part of the perineurium. This cell type has thin long bipolar cytoplasmic processes, pinocytotic vesicles, fragments of external lamina and/or external lamina-like material, attachment plaques, and desmosome-like junctions. Perineurial cells historically have been referred to as fibroblasts because of shape; however, unlike fibroblasts, a perineurial cell: does not have a compact nucleus and large endoplasmic reticulum; does have a double basement membrane opposed to a single basal lamina; is carefully joined to other perineurial cells by tight junctions into a single sheet as opposed to arranged in a large mass; and finally, can surround a small axon bundle at a nerve terminal whereas a fibroblast cannot. 2011-03-02T03:03:58Z perineurial glial cell There are studies that largely accept the idea that the perineurial cell is a modified fibroblast with myofibroblastic features. perineurial cell A glial cell that is part of the perineurium. This cell type has thin long bipolar cytoplasmic processes, pinocytotic vesicles, fragments of external lamina and/or external lamina-like material, attachment plaques, and desmosome-like junctions. Perineurial cells historically have been referred to as fibroblasts because of shape; however, unlike fibroblasts, a perineurial cell: does not have a compact nucleus and large endoplasmic reticulum; does have a double basement membrane opposed to a single basal lamina; is carefully joined to other perineurial cells by tight junctions into a single sheet as opposed to arranged in a large mass; and finally, can surround a small axon bundle at a nerve terminal whereas a fibroblast cannot. GO:tfm NCIT:C41442 PMID:25818566 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perineurium perineurial glial cell PMID:25818566 There are studies that largely accept the idea that the perineurial cell is a modified fibroblast with myofibroblastic features. PMID:36244793 CL:0002577 An epithelial cell of the placenta. 2011-03-02T03:21:30Z placental epithelial cell true An epithelial cell of the placenta. GOC:tfm CL:0002578 A preadipocyte found in mesenteric tissue. 2011-03-03T04:19:40Z mesenteric preadipocyte true A preadipocyte found in mesenteric tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002579 2011-03-03T04:19:42Z omentum preadipocyte true CL:0002580 A preadipocyte that is part of the breast. 2011-03-03T04:19:46Z preadipocyte of the breast true A preadipocyte that is part of the breast. GOC:tfm CL:0002581 2011-03-03T04:20:04Z perirenal preadipocyte true CL:0002582 A preadipocyte that is part of visceral tissue. 2011-03-03T04:32:56Z visceral preadipocyte A preadipocyte that is part of visceral tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002583 A preadipocyte that is part of subcutaneous tissue. 2011-03-03T04:33:01Z subcutaneous preadipocyte true A preadipocyte that is part of subcutaneous tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002584 An epithelial cell of the kidney cortex. KUPO:0001016 renal cortical epithelial cell true true An epithelial cell of the kidney cortex. GOC:tfm CL:0002585 A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of the retina. 2011-03-06T03:28:27Z retinal blood vessel endothelial cell true A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of the retina. GOC:tfm CL:0002586 An epithelial cell of the retinal pigmented epithelium. 2011-03-06T03:37:09Z BTO:0004910 FMA:75802 retinal pigment epithelial cell An epithelial cell of the retinal pigmented epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002587 true CL:0002588 A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical vein. 2011-03-06T05:00:51Z smooth muscle cell of the umbilical vein A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical vein. GOC:tfm CL:0002589 A smooth muscle cell of the bachiocephalic vasculature. 2011-03-06T05:00:58Z smooth muscle cell of the brachiocephalic vasculature A smooth muscle cell of the bachiocephalic vasculature. GOC:tfm CL:0002590 A vascular associated smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature. 2011-03-06T05:01:20Z smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature true A vascular associated smooth muscle cell of the brain vasculature. GOC:tfm CL:0002591 A smooth muscle of the pulmonary artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:28Z BTO:0003336 smooth muscle cell of the pulmonary artery A smooth muscle of the pulmonary artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002592 A smooth muscle cell of the coronary artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:34Z smooth muscle cell of the coronary artery A smooth muscle cell of the coronary artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002593 A smooth muscle of the internal thoracic artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:41Z smooth muscle cell of the internal thoracic artery A smooth muscle of the internal thoracic artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002594 A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:48Z smooth muscle cell of the umbilical artery A smooth muscle cell of the umbilical artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002595 A smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:52Z smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery A smooth muscle cell of the subclavian artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002596 Smooth muscle cell of the carotid artery. 2011-03-06T05:01:56Z smooth muscle cell of the carotid artery Smooth muscle cell of the carotid artery. GOC:tfm CL:0002597 A smooth muscle cell of the bladder. 2011-03-06T05:43:24Z KUPO:0001122 smooth muscle cell of bladder true A smooth muscle cell of the bladder. GC:tfm CL:0002598 2011-03-06T05:46:39Z BTO:0004402 bronchial smooth muscle cell CL:0002599 A smooth muscle cell of the esophagus. 2011-03-06T05:48:17Z smooth muscle cell of the esophagus true A smooth muscle cell of the esophagus. GOC:tfm CL:0002600 A smooth muscle cell of the trachea. 2011-03-06T05:50:28Z smooth muscle cell of trachea A smooth muscle cell of the trachea. GOC:tfm CL:0002601 A smooth muscle cell of the uterus. 2011-03-06T05:53:28Z uterine smooth muscle cell true A smooth muscle cell of the uterus. GOC:tfm CL:0002602 2011-03-06T06:50:53Z anulus pulposus cell annulus pulposus cell true CL:0002603 An astrocyte of the cerebellum. 2011-03-06T06:57:27Z astrocyte of the cerebellum true An astrocyte of the cerebellum. GOC:tfm CL:0002604 An astrocyte that is part of the hippocampus. 2011-03-06T06:57:33Z astrocyte of the hippocampal formation astrocyte of the hippocampus hippocampal astrocyte An astrocyte that is part of the hippocampus. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 CL:0002605 An astrocyte of the cerebral cortex. 2011-03-06T06:57:36Z astrocyte of the cerebral cortex An astrocyte of the cerebral cortex. GOC:tfm CL:0002606 An astrocyte of the spinal cord. 2011-03-06T07:11:26Z astrocyte of the spinal cord true An astrocyte of the spinal cord. GOC:tfm CL:0002607 A neural crest cell that gives rise to cells of the enteric nervous system. 2011-03-06T07:24:35Z migratory enteric neural crest cell A neural crest cell that gives rise to cells of the enteric nervous system. GOC:tfm CL:0002608 A neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. 2011-03-06T07:31:49Z hippocampal neuron A neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. GOC:tfm CL:0002609 OBSOLETE. A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. 2011-03-06T07:37:08Z BTO:0004102 FMA:84104 cortical neuron obsolete neuron of cerebral cortex true OBSOLETE. A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. GOC:tfm CL:0002610 A neuron of the raphe nuclei. 2011-03-06T07:42:06Z raphe nuclei neuron true A neuron of the raphe nuclei. GOC:tfm CL:0002611 A CNS neuron of the dorsal spinal cord. 2011-03-06T07:43:34Z neuron of the dorsal spinal cord true A CNS neuron of the dorsal spinal cord. GOC:tfm CL:0002612 A neuron of the ventral spinal cord. 2011-03-06T07:46:03Z neuron of the ventral spinal cord true A neuron of the ventral spinal cord. GOC:tfm CL:0002613 A neuron of the striatum. 2011-03-06T07:47:12Z striatum neuron A neuron of the striatum. GOC:tfm CL:0002614 A neuron of the substantia nigra. 2011-03-06T07:48:42Z neuron of the substantia nigra true A neuron of the substantia nigra. GOC:tfm CL:0002615 An adipocyte that is part of omentum tissue. 2011-03-14T10:17:00Z omental adipocyte omental fat cell adipocyte of omentum tissue true An adipocyte that is part of omentum tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002616 An adipocyte of perirenal fat tissue. 2011-03-14T10:17:05Z perirenal adipocyte cell perirenal fat cell perirenal adipocyte true An adipocyte of perirenal fat tissue. GOC:tfm CL:0002617 An adipocyte that is part of the breast. 2011-03-14T10:17:07Z CALOHA:TS-2377 breast adipocyte fat cell of breast Adipocytes found in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of breast. The breast consists of three main components, the skin, the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the functional glandular tissue that comprises both parenchyma and stroma.[CALOHA] adipocyte of breast true An adipocyte that is part of the breast. GOC:tfm CL:0002618 An endothelial cell of the umbilical vein. 2011-03-14T11:36:51Z BTO:0004296 endothelial cell of umbilical vein An endothelial cell of the umbilical vein. GOC:tfm CL:0002619 An adult angioblastic cell released from the bone marrow, or from the kidney in some teleost species, capable of blood circulation and participation in angiogenesis by differentiating into blood vessel endothelial cells. 2011-03-14T12:11:18Z EPC The existence of adult endothelial progenitor cells has been controversial in the past. adult endothelial progenitor cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1410 https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/348 An adult angioblastic cell released from the bone marrow, or from the kidney in some teleost species, capable of blood circulation and participation in angiogenesis by differentiating into blood vessel endothelial cells. GOC:tfm PMID:20807818 PMID:9020076 WikipediaVersioned:Endothelial_progenitor_cell&oldid=1069930016 CL:0002620 A fibroblast of skin. 2011-03-14T12:31:49Z BTO:0001255 CALOHA:TS-0935 skin fibroblast true A fibroblast of skin. GOC:tfm CL:0002621 2011-03-14T12:46:28Z gingival epithelial cell CL:0002622 A stromal cell of the prostate. 2011-03-14T02:11:10Z BTO:0003972 prostate stromal cell true A stromal cell of the prostate. GOC:tfm CL:0002623 An acinar cell of salivary gland. 2011-03-14T02:22:22Z acinar cell of salivary gland true An acinar cell of salivary gland. GOC:tfm CL:0002624 A paneth cell of the appendix. 2011-03-15T09:38:18Z paneth cell of the appendix true A paneth cell of the appendix. GOC:tfm CL:0002625 A cell of the seminiferous tubule epithelium. 2011-03-15T11:59:23Z seminiferous tubule epithelial cell true A cell of the seminiferous tubule epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002626 An immature astrocyte. immature astrocytic glia immature astrocyte An immature astrocyte. GOC:dsd CL:0002627 A mature astrocyte that is capable of producing cytokines. activated astrocyte mature astrocytic glia Mature astrocytes are reportedly able to produce aspartate, ATP, BDNF, BMP-2a, BMP-3, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL19, CCL20,CD40L, CNTF, CTGF, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL8, edn-1, aFGF, bFGF, G-CSF, glutamate, GM-CSF, IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, IFN-gamma, IGF-1, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-2, Il-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, LIF, MIP-2, NGF, nitric oxide, NT3, taurine, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta. mature astrocyte A mature astrocyte that is capable of producing cytokines. GOC:dsd PMID:12898703 PMID:8734446 CL:0002628 An immature microglial cell with a ramified morphology. immature microglia quiescent microglia resting microglia Immature microglia are reportedly CD34-positive, CD163-negative, MHCI-negative, MHCII-negative. immature microglial cell An immature microglial cell with a ramified morphology. GOC:dsd PMID:18396103 PMID:19461673 quiescent microglia PMID:18396103 resting microglia PMID:18396103 CL:0002629 A mature microglial cell that has changed shape to an amoeboid morphology and is capable of cytokine production and antigen presentation. activated microglia mature microglia reactive microglia Mature microglia are reportedly CCR2-positive, CD4-positive, CD9-positive, CD11a-positive, CD11b-positive, CD11c-positive, CD13-positive, CD16-positive, CDw17-positive, CD18-positive, CD21-positive, CD26-negative, CD32-positive, CD35-positive, CD36-positive, CD40-positive, CD44-positive, CD45-positive, CD53-positive, CD54-positive, CD56-negative, CD58-positive, CD63-positive, CD64-positive, CD66-positive, CD80-positive, CD86-positive, CD87-positive, CD92-positive, CD106-positive, CD107a-positive, CD147-positive, CD155-positive, CD162-positive, CD163-positive, CD171-negative, CD200R-positive, CXCR3-positive, CX3CR1-positive, fibronectin-positive, GD3-positive, GLUT1-positive, GLUT3-negative, GLUT5-positive, MHCI-positive, MHCII-positive, P2X4-positive, RFD7-negative, RGS5-negative, alpha-SMA-negative, vimentin-positive, and vwf-negative. Mature microglia are capable of producing BDNF, CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL9, CCL19, CCL20,CD40L, CSF, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL4, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, glutamate, IL-1beta, IL-1ra, IL-3, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, LT, MMP-2, MMP-9, NGF, nitric oxide, ROS, TGF-beta, TNF-alpha. mature microglial cell true A mature microglial cell that has changed shape to an amoeboid morphology and is capable of cytokine production and antigen presentation. GOC:dsd PMID:11517395 PMID:14612429 PMID:15246020 PMID:16177057 PMID:18396103 PMID:20021364 activated microglia PMID:18396103 reactive microglia PMID:18396103 CL:0002630 A spore formed from bacteria in the order Actinomycetales. 2011-06-16T01:01:41Z actinomycete-type spore A spore formed from bacteria in the order Actinomycetales. GO:0034304 GOC:tfm CL:0002631 2011-06-21T12:28:55Z epithelial cell of upper respiratory tract true CL:0002632 2011-06-21T12:29:31Z epithelial cell of lower respiratory tract true CL:0002633 A basal cell in the respiratory tract. 2011-06-21T03:11:10Z airway basal cell airway basal stem cell respiratory basal cell A basal cell in the respiratory tract. GOC:tfm PMID:20699479 CL:0002634 An epithelial cell of the anal column. 2011-07-08T12:11:38Z epithelial cell of anal column An epithelial cell of the anal column. GOC:tfm CL:0002635 A nonkeratinized epithelial cell of the anal canal. 2011-07-08T02:05:33Z FMA:263146 nonkeratinized epithelial cell of anal column A nonkeratinized epithelial cell of the anal canal. GOC:tfm CL:0002636 A nonkeratinized cell epithleial cell of the inferior part of the anal canal. 2011-07-08T02:06:53Z FMA:263144 nonkeratinized epithelial cell of inferior part of anal canal A nonkeratinized cell epithleial cell of the inferior part of the anal canal. GOC:tfm CL:0002637 An epithelial cell of the anal canal that is keratinized. This cell type is found towards the lower, rectal end of the anal canal. 2011-07-08T02:08:40Z keratinized epithelial cell of the anal canal An epithelial cell of the anal canal that is keratinized. This cell type is found towards the lower, rectal end of the anal canal. GOC:tfm CL:0002638 A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole. This cell types gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. This cell type expresses markers Scgb1a1 and Sftpc. 2011-06-21T03:26:08Z BASC basal epithelial cell of bronchioalveolar duct junction bronchioalveolar stem cell A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole. This cell types gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. This cell type expresses markers Scgb1a1 and Sftpc. GOC:tfm MP:0011691 PMID:15960971 CL:0002639 An amniotic stem cell is a mesenchymalstem cell extracted from amniotic fluid. Amniotic stem cells are able to differentiate into various tissue type such as skin, cartilage, cardiac tissue, nerves, muscle, and bone 2011-06-21T03:55:39Z Not clear to me if amniotic stem cell is a different cell type from amnion mesenchymal stem cells. They are treated as distinct in the literature as isolations methods are different, so I will keep them as separate terms for now. amniotic stem cell An amniotic stem cell is a mesenchymalstem cell extracted from amniotic fluid. Amniotic stem cells are able to differentiate into various tissue type such as skin, cartilage, cardiac tissue, nerves, muscle, and bone GOC:tfm PMID:20942606 CL:0002640 An epithelial fate stem cell derived form the amnion membrane. 2011-06-21T04:06:17Z amniotic epithelial stem cell An epithelial fate stem cell derived form the amnion membrane. GOC:tfm PMID:20446274 CL:0002641 An epithelial cell of the esophageal gland proper. 2011-07-08T02:16:51Z FMA:256141 epithelial cell of esophageal gland proper An epithelial cell of the esophageal gland proper. GOC:tfm CL:0002642 An epithelial cell of the esophageal cardiac gland that occurs both in the proximal and distal esophagus, within the lamina propia. 2011-07-08T02:16:54Z FMA:256143 epithelial cell of esophageal cardiac gland An epithelial cell of the esophageal cardiac gland that occurs both in the proximal and distal esophagus, within the lamina propia. GOC:tfm http://web.mac.com/wjkrause/iWeb/Histology/Blog/E3FA5916-1AA9-4885-B579-5051838D98CB.html CL:0002643 An epithelial cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium that lacks keratin. 2011-07-08T02:22:09Z FMA:263148 nonkeratinized cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium An epithelial cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium that lacks keratin. GOC:tfm CL:0002644 An endothelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa that is part of the tympanic region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:25:44Z FMA:70628 endo-epithelial cell of tympanic part of viscerocranial mucosa An endothelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa that is part of the tympanic region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002645 An endocranial viscerocranial mucosa cell that is part of viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:25:46Z FMA:70629 endo-epithelial cell of pharyngotympanic part of viscerocranial mucosa An endocranial viscerocranial mucosa cell that is part of viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002646 An ecto-epithelial cell of the buccal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:34:12Z FMA:70577 obsolete epithelial cell of buccal part of viscerocranial mucosa true An ecto-epithelial cell of the buccal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002647 An ecto-epithelial cell of the palatal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:34:14Z FMA:70580 obsolete epithelial cell of anterior palatal part of viscerocranial mucosa true An ecto-epithelial cell of the palatal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002648 An ecto-epithelial cell of the nasal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:36:06Z FMA:70554 obsolete epithelial cell of nasal part of viscerocranial mucosa true An ecto-epithelial cell of the nasal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002649 An ecto-epithelial cell of the gingival region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:36:11Z FMA:70579 obsolete epithelial cell of gingival part of viscerocranial mucosa true An ecto-epithelial cell of the gingival region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002650 An ecto-epithelial cell of the paranasal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. 2011-07-08T02:38:18Z FMA:70578 obsolete epithelial cell of paranasal sinus part of viscerocranial mucosa true An ecto-epithelial cell of the paranasal region of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:0002651 An endothelial cell that is part of the venous sinus of spleen. This endothelial cell has an elongated, spindle-shaped, flattened morphology that is parallel to long axis of sinus. This cell type rests on a basement membrane interrupted by numerous narrow slits. 2011-07-08T03:06:49Z FMA:72140 stave cell endothelial cell of venous sinus of spleen An endothelial cell that is part of the venous sinus of spleen. This endothelial cell has an elongated, spindle-shaped, flattened morphology that is parallel to long axis of sinus. This cell type rests on a basement membrane interrupted by numerous narrow slits. GOC:tfm stave cell FMA:62817 CL:0002652 A venule endothelial cell that is cubodial, expresses leukocyte-specific receptors, and allows for passage of lymphocytes into bloodstream. 2011-07-08T03:14:10Z endothelial cell of postcapillary venule of lymph node FMA:67759 HEV cell Markers expressed on HEV include: MAdCAM-1,PNAd (sulfated and glycosylated molecules, i.e. GlyCAM-1, CD34, endomucin, nepmucin), ICAM-1, ICAM-2,Fuc-TVII, beta 3GlcNAcT-3, GlcNAc6ST2,CCL21, CCL19, CXCL13, CXCL12, Autotaxin, DARC, angiomodulin, LRHG. endothelial cell of high endothelial venule A venule endothelial cell that is cubodial, expresses leukocyte-specific receptors, and allows for passage of lymphocytes into bloodstream. GOC:tfm PMID:20726857 CL:0002653 A endothelial cell of the venule that is squamous shaped. This is in contrast to the cubodial shape of high endothelial venule cells. 2011-07-08T03:31:25Z squamous endothelial cell A endothelial cell of the venule that is squamous shaped. This is in contrast to the cubodial shape of high endothelial venule cells. GOC:tfm CL:0002654 An epithelial cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium. 2011-07-08T03:46:35Z FMA:70733 epithelial cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium An epithelial cell of stratum corneum of esophageal epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002655 An epithelial cell of stratum spinosum of esophageal epithelium. 2011-07-08T03:48:26Z FMA:70732 epithelial cell of stratum spinosum of esophageal epithelium An epithelial cell of stratum spinosum of esophageal epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:0002656 A glandular epithelial cell of the endometrium. 2011-07-08T03:54:08Z FMA:86489 glandular cell of endometrium A glandular epithelial cell of the endometrium. GOC:tfm CL:0002657 A glandular epithelial cell of the esophagus. 2011-07-08T03:55:57Z FMA:86548 glandular cell of esophagus true true A glandular epithelial cell of the esophagus. GOC:tfm CL:0002658 A glandular epithelial cell of the large intestine. 2011-07-08T04:03:01Z FMA:87194 glandular cell of the large intestine true A glandular epithelial cell of the large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:0002659 A glandular epithelial cell that is part of the stomach. 2011-07-11T01:20:35Z CALOHA:TS-1284 FMA:86554 glandular cell of stomach true A glandular epithelial cell that is part of the stomach. GOC:tfm CL:0002660 A luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland located in acinus of structure. 2011-07-11T01:44:31Z FMA:74505 Consider if synonymous with mammary alveolar cell CL:0002325. Some use this term to refer to the non-lactating cell type that gives rise to the lactating cell type. luminal cell of acinus of lactiferous gland A luminal epithelial cell of mammary gland located in acinus of structure. GOC:tfm CL:0002661 A luminal cell of terminal ducts, i.e.e the terminal branch of a lactiferous duct which alveolar cells drain into. 2011-07-11T01:44:33Z FMA:87168 luminal cell of lactiferous terminal ductal lobular unit A luminal cell of terminal ducts, i.e.e the terminal branch of a lactiferous duct which alveolar cells drain into. GOC:tfm CL:0002662 A luminal epithelial cell of the lactiferous duct. This cuboidal epithelial cell expresses keratin-18 and is estrogen-receptor alpha positive. 2011-07-11T01:44:48Z FMA:74504 luminal cell of lactiferous duct A luminal epithelial cell of the lactiferous duct. This cuboidal epithelial cell expresses keratin-18 and is estrogen-receptor alpha positive. GOC:tfm PMID:19022771 CL:0002663 A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the atrium. 2011-07-11T02:45:39Z FMA:83389 myocardial endocrine cell of atrium true A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the atrium. GOC:tfm CL:0002664 A stem cell that can give rise to multiple cell types (i.e. smooth muscle, endothelial) in the developing heart. 2011-07-11T03:15:38Z cardiovascular progenitor cell CPC Discrepancy in develops from origins prevents me from making the assertion that cardioblasts give rise to all instances of cardiocytes as we state cardiac muscle cells develop from cardiac myoblast, which in turn develop from muscle stem cell. cardioblast A stem cell that can give rise to multiple cell types (i.e. smooth muscle, endothelial) in the developing heart. GOC:tfm PMID:19745164 cardiovascular progenitor cell PMID:17519333 PMID:19745164 CPC PMID:19745164 CL:0002665 A fibrocyte of the cochlea that has specialized structural and molecular adaptions. 2011-07-11T03:35:01Z otic fibrocyte A fibrocyte of the cochlea that has specialized structural and molecular adaptions. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 CL:0002666 An otic fibrocyte that underlies the spiral prominence and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. 2011-07-11T03:40:40Z type II otic fibrocyte type II spiral ligament fibrocyte type 2 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that underlies the spiral prominence and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 type II spiral ligament fibrocyte MP:0004488 CL:0002667 An otic fibrocyte that resides above the stria vasularis and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. 2011-07-11T03:40:42Z type V otic fibrocyte type V spiral ligament fibrocyte type 5 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that resides above the stria vasularis and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 CL:0002668 An otic fibrocyte that is lateral to the basilar membrane and anchoris it to the lateral wall. 2011-07-11T03:40:46Z type IV otic fibrocyte type IV spiral ligament fibrocyte type 4 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that is lateral to the basilar membrane and anchoris it to the lateral wall. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 type IV spiral ligament fibrocyte MP:0004490 CL:0002669 An otic fibrocyte that lines the otic capsule. 2011-07-11T03:40:50Z type III otic fibrocyte type III spiral ligament fibrocyte type 3 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that lines the otic capsule. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 type III spiral ligament fibrocyte MP:0004489 CL:0002670 An otic fibrocyte that underlies the stria vascularis and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. 2011-07-11T03:39:27Z type I otic fibrocyte type I spiral ligament fibrocyte type 1 otic fibrocyte An otic fibrocyte that underlies the stria vascularis and is part of a mesenchymal gap junction network that regulates ionic homeostasis of the endolymph. GOC:tfm PMID:18353863 type I spiral ligament fibrocyte MP:0004487 CL:0002671 An endothelial stalk cell is a specialized endothelial cell that follows behind the tip cell of an angiogenic sprout. 2011-08-16T01:49:32Z endothelial stalk cell An endothelial stalk cell is a specialized endothelial cell that follows behind the tip cell of an angiogenic sprout. GOC:tfm PMID:21521739 CL:0002672 A multi-fate stem cell that can give rise to different retinal cell types including rod and cone cells. 2011-08-16T02:38:01Z retinal progenitor cell A multi-fate stem cell that can give rise to different retinal cell types including rod and cone cells. GOC:tfm PMID:20959166 PMID:21148186 CL:0002673 A skeletal muscle cell that is part of the tongue. 2011-08-16T03:10:02Z tongue muscle cell A skeletal muscle cell that is part of the tongue. GOC:tfm PMID:18816858 CL:0002674 A S. pombe mating type determined by the mat1-Mc and mat1-Mi on the mat1 locus. 2011-08-16T03:20:53Z H- cell H minus A S. pombe mating type determined by the mat1-Mc and mat1-Mi on the mat1 locus. GOC:tfm CL:0002675 A S. pombe cell type determined by mat1-Pc and mat1-Pi on the mat1 locus. 2011-08-16T03:20:58Z H plus A S. pombe cell type determined by mat1-Pc and mat1-Pi on the mat1 locus. GOC:tfm CL:0002676 A neuroblast derived from a neural crest cell. 2011-08-22T09:24:15Z neural crest derived neuroblast A neuroblast derived from a neural crest cell. GOC:tfm PMID:17407019 CL:0002677 A regulatory T cell that has not encountered antigen. 2011-08-25T03:17:21Z naive regulatory T lymphocyte naive regulatory T-cell naive regulatory T-lymphocyte This cell type has been described as CD45RA-negative, but this doesn't fit with our current definition of naive T cell. naive regulatory T cell A regulatory T cell that has not encountered antigen. GOC:tfm CL:0002678 A CD4-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta regulatory T cell that has encountered antigen. 2011-08-25T03:17:34Z Cell has been described as being CD45RA-positive in human, but this doesn't fit with our current definition memory T cell. memory regulatory T cell A CD4-positive, CD25-positive alpha-beta regulatory T cell that has encountered antigen. GOC:tfm PMID:21739668 CL:0002679 A lymphocyte found in adipose tissue that lacks lineage markers of other lymphocytes but is capable of mediating TH2 cytokine responses. This cell type is found in fat associated lymphoid clusters, proliferates in response to IL2 and produce large amounts of TH2 cytokines such as IL5, IL6 and IL13 2011-08-29T10:08:02Z natural helper lymphocyte true A lymphocyte found in adipose tissue that lacks lineage markers of other lymphocytes but is capable of mediating TH2 cytokine responses. This cell type is found in fat associated lymphoid clusters, proliferates in response to IL2 and produce large amounts of TH2 cytokines such as IL5, IL6 and IL13 GOC:tfm PMID:20023630 CL:0002680 A PP cell found in intestine. 2011-09-27T11:59:01Z PP cell of intestine true A PP cell found in intestine. GOC:tfm PMID:2420136 PMID:728970 CL:0002681 A cell that is part of a cortex of kidney. 2011-10-25T03:49:41Z kidney cortical cell A retinal ganglion cell that has dendrites stratified in two layers of the inner-plexiform layer. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 retinal ganglion D cell cell CL:0003001 bistratified retinal ganglion cell CL:0003001 A retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003002 G1 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003002 A retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003003 G2 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003003 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. PMID:11978858 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field with sparse density that terminates at the intersection of the S4-S5 sublaminar level, and a second dendrite field that is medium in size and degree of arborization that terminates in sublaminar layer S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003004 is_a bistratified retinal ganglion cell S4-S5 dendrite field having (small dendritic field, sparse density) and second dendrite field having (medium, meduim) G3 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003004 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field with sparse density that terminates at the intersection of the S4-S5 sublaminar level, and a second dendrite field that is medium in size and degree of arborization that terminates in sublaminar layer S2. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendritic field and dense dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003005 Masland nomenclature PMID:11978858 G4 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003005 A G4 retinal ganglion cell that has post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layers S3 and S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003006 G4-ON retinal ganglion cell CL:0003006 A G4 retinal ganglion cell that has post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layers S3 and S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:11978858 A G4 retinal ganglion cell that has post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layers S2 and S3 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003007 Masland nomenclature PMID:11978858 G4-OFF retinal ganglion cell CL:0003007 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003008 G5 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003008 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S2. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and S5. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003009 G6 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003009 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post sympatic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and S5. PMID:11978858 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a dendrite field that terminates in sublaminar layer S2 and a second dendrite field that terminates in sublaminar layer S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 ON-OFF DS cell CL:0003010 G7 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003010 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a dendrite field that terminates in sublaminar layer S2 and a second dendrite field that terminates in sublaminar layer S4. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003011 G8 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003011 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field and a sparse dendritic arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S1 and S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003012 G9 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003012 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field and a medium dendritic arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S1 and S2. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field, a medium dendritic arbor, and a long secondary dendrite shaft with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003013 Capable of ON directional sensitivity. G10 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003013 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field, a medium dendritic arbor, and a long secondary dendrite shaft with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4. PMID:11978858 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field, a medium dendritic arbor, and a medium length secondary dendrite shaft. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003014 Is capable of brisk transient currents. G11 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003014 A mono-stratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large dendritic field, a medium dendritic arbor, and a medium length secondary dendrite shaft. PMID:11978858 A G11 retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003015 G11-ON retinal ganglion cell CL:0003015 A G11 retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:11978858 A G11 retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003016 G11-OFF retinal ganglion cell CL:0003016 A G11 retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center PMID:11978858 A retinal ganglion B cell that has post synaptic terminals in S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003017 retinal ganglion cell B3 outer CL:0003017 A retinal ganglion B cell that has post synaptic terminals in S2. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion B3 cell with dentrites terminating in S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1010 cell CL:0003018 retinal ganglion cell B3 inner CL:0003018 A retinal ganglion B3 cell with dentrites terminating in S4. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C that has post-synaptic terminals in S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003020 retinal ganglion cell C outer CL:0003020 A retinal ganglion cell C that has post-synaptic terminals in S2. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has a medium dendritic field and a dense dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003021 retinal ganglion cell C4 CL:0003021 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has a medium dendritic field and a dense dendritic arbor. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has medium dendritic density and field size. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003022 retinal ganglion cell C5 CL:0003022 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has medium dendritic density and field size. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has dense dendritic diversity. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003023 retinal ganglion cell C6 CL:0003023 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has dense dendritic diversity. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C with medium cell bodies and large dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003024 retinal ganglion cell C inner CL:0003024 A retinal ganglion cell C with medium cell bodies and large dendritic field. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has sparse dendritic density, and large dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell epsilon CL:0003025 retinal ganglion cell C3 CL:0003025 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has sparse dendritic density, and large dendritic field. PMID:12209831 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendrite fields with a sparse dendrite arbor terminating in S2 and S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003026 retinal ganglion cell D1 CL:0003026 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendrite fields with a sparse dendrite arbor terminating in S2 and S3. PMID:12209831 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell D cell that has medium dendritic arbor and a large dendritic field that terminates in S2 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell ON-OFF direction selective iota cell CL:0003027 retinal ganglion cell D2 CL:0003027 A bistratified retinal ganglion cell D cell that has medium dendritic arbor and a large dendritic field that terminates in S2 and S4. PMID:12209831 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendrite field with a dense dendrite arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminer layer S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003028 M1 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003028 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small dendrite field with a dense dendrite arbor with post synaptic terminals in sublaminer layer S4. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small soma, a small dendrite field with a dense dendrite arbor, and post synaptic terminals in sublaminer layer S2 and S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003029 M2 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003029 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small soma, a small dendrite field with a dense dendrite arbor, and post synaptic terminals in sublaminer layer S2 and S3. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium soma and a small dendrite field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003030 M3 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003030 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a medium soma and a small dendrite field. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003031 M3-ON retinal ganglion cell CL:0003031 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003032 M3-OFF retinal ganglion cell CL:0003032 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large soma, a medium dendritic field with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003033 M4 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003033 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a large soma, a medium dendritic field with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small soma, an assymetric dendritic field with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003034 M5 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003034 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that has a small soma, an assymetric dendritic field with post synaptic terminals in sublaminar layer S3. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that contains opsin. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003035 M6 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003035 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell that contains opsin. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with medium dendritic arbor, and has dendrites in layers 2 and 5. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003036 M7 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003036 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with medium dendritic arbor, and has dendrites in layers 2 and 5. PMID:16626866 An M7 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003037 M7-ON retinal ganglion cell CL:0003037 An M7 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S4 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:16626866 An M7 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003038 M7-OFF retinal ganglion cell CL:0003038 An M7 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S2 and is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and medium dendritic field, with dense dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003039 M8 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003039 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and medium dendritic field, with dense dendritic arbor. PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with medium dendritic arbor, and has dendrites in layers 1 and 5. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003040 M9 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003040 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with medium dendritic arbor, and has dendrites in layers 1 and 5. PMID:16626866 An M9 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S2 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003041 M9-ON retinal ganglion cell CL:0003041 An M9 retinal ganglion cells with synaptic terminals in S2 and is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:16626866 An M9 retinal ganglion cell with synaptic terminals in S4 that is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003042 M9-OFF retinal ganglion cell CL:0003042 An M9 retinal ganglion cell with synaptic terminals in S4 that is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center PMID:16626866 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with dense dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003043 M10 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003043 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field, with dense dendritic arbor. PMID:16626866 A bistratified ganglion cell with small, dense dendritic fields that terminate in S1 and S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003044 M11 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003044 A bistratified ganglion cell with small, dense dendritic fields that terminate in S1 and S3. PMID:16626866 A bistratified ganglion cell with larger, asymetric dendritic fields that terminate in S2 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003045 M12 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003045 A bistratified ganglion cell with larger, asymetric dendritic fields that terminate in S2 and S4. PMID:16626866 A bistratifed retinal ganglion cell that has small, symmetric dendritic fields that terminate in S2 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003046 M13 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003046 A bistratifed retinal ganglion cell that has small, symmetric dendritic fields that terminate in S2 and S4. PMID:16626866 A bistratifed retinal ganglion cell that has small, symmetric dendritic fields that terminate in S1 and S4-S5. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003047 M14 retinal ganglion cell CL:0003047 A bistratifed retinal ganglion cell that has small, symmetric dendritic fields that terminate in S1 and S4-S5. PMID:16626866 A cone cell that detects long wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 564-580 nm. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 L cone L-cone long wavelength sensitive cone long- (L) wavelength-sensitive cone long-wavelength cone cell CL:0003048 L cone cell CL:0003048 A cone cell that detects long wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 564-580 nm. WikipediaVersioned:Cone_cell&oldid=1111888680 L cone PMID:32555229 L-cone PMID:29603924 long wavelength sensitive cone PMID:31117170 long- (L) wavelength-sensitive cone https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.39166 long-wavelength cone https://doi.org/10.1038/323623a0 A cone cell that detects medium wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 534-545 nm. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 M cone M-cone middle wavelength sensitive cone middle- (M) wavelength-sensitive cone middle-wavelength-sensitive (M) cone cell CL:0003049 M cone cell CL:0003049 A cone cell that detects medium wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 534-545 nm. WikipediaVersioned:Cone_cell&oldid=1111888680 M cone PMID:32555229 M-cone PMID:29603924 middle wavelength sensitive cone PMID:31117170 middle- (M) wavelength-sensitive cone https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.39166 middle-wavelength-sensitive (M) cone https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-6-1-153 A cone cell that detects short wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 420-440 nm. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 S cone S-(short-wavelength sensitive) cone S-cone S-cone photoreceptor short wavelength sensitive cone short- (S) wavelength-sensitive cone short-wavelength sensitive cone short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone cell CL:0003050 S cone cell CL:0003050 A cone cell that detects short wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 420-440 nm. WikipediaVersioned:Cone_cell&oldid=1111888680 S cone PMID:32555229 S-(short-wavelength sensitive) cone PMID:31117170 S-cone PMID:32555229 S-cone photoreceptor https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.39166 short wavelength sensitive cone PMID:31117170 short- (S) wavelength-sensitive cone https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.39166 short-wavelength sensitive cone PMID:31117170 short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone https://opg.optica.org/josaa/abstract.cfm?URI=josaa-6-1-153 A cone cell that detects ultraviolet (UV) wavelength light. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0003051 UV cone cell CL:0003051 An interneuron whose axon stays entirely within the gray matter region where the cell body resides. BAMS:1002 cell CL:0004001 Local interneurons form the category of interneurons whose axon stays entirely within the gray matter region where the cell body resides (Swanson, 2003, p. 245; Bota and Swanson, 2007, Fig. 3). local interneuron CL:0004001 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with small to medium soma and small to medium dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004115 retinal ganglion cell B CL:0004115 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with small to medium soma and small to medium dendritic field. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion with cell medium cell bodies and medium to large dendritic fields. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004116 Group RGC cells are defined as having small to medium cell bodies and medium to large dendritic fields. Their morphology was more heterogeneous than that of Groups RGA and RGB. We classified cells with a large soma and a large dendritic field as RGA, cells with a small to medium to sized soma and a small to medium to sized dendritic field as RGB, and cells with a small to medium to sized soma but a medium to large dendritic field RGC. retinal ganglion cell C CL:0004116 A retinal ganglion with cell medium cell bodies and medium to large dendritic fields. PMID:12209831 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1009 alpha cell cell CL:0004117 This group includes all of the large bodied/large field RGCs in the rat. Group RGA cells have large somata (15 to 39 micrometers in diameter) and large, radially branching dendritic fields (235 to 748 micrometers in diameter), and many exhibit tracer coupling. retinal ganglion cell A CL:0004117 A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with large soma and large dendritic field. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell B that has medium body size, medium dendritic field and dense dendritic arbor, and has post synaptic terminals in S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1047 retinal ganglion cell B4 cell CL:0004119 Could not distingush between B1 and B4 from paper. retinal ganglion cell B1 CL:0004119 A retinal ganglion cell B that has medium body size, medium dendritic field and dense dendritic arbor, and has post synaptic terminals in S2. PMID:12209831 Could not distingush between B1 and B4 from paper. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion A cell found in the retina with large somata, often polygonal in shape. The dendritic fields consist of three to seven stout dendrites that are sparce near soma. Dendrites terminate in S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 type I BAMS:1045 inner alpha retinal ganglion cell cell I-2 CL:0004120 retinal ganglion cell A1 CL:0004120 A retinal ganglion A cell found in the retina with large somata, often polygonal in shape. The dendritic fields consist of three to seven stout dendrites that are sparce near soma. Dendrites terminate in S4. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell B that has a very small but very dense dendritic field, and has post synaptic terminals in S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1048 cell CL:0004121 retinal ganglion cell B2 CL:0004121 A retinal ganglion cell B that has a very small but very dense dendritic field, and has post synaptic terminals in S2. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has medium dendritic diversity. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1050 cell MTN projecting ON-direction-selective delta CL:0004124 retinal ganglion cell C1 CL:0004124 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has medium dendritic diversity. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has dense dendritic diversity. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1067 cell CL:0004125 retinal ganglion cell C2 inner CL:0004125 A retinal ganglion cell C inner that has dense dendritic diversity. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has symmetrical and dense dendritic dendritic tree with a large dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1066 cell CL:0004126 retinal ganglion cell C2 outer CL:0004126 A retinal ganglion cell C outer that has symmetrical and dense dendritic dendritic tree with a large dendritic field. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion A2 cell with dendrites terminating in S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1061 cell CL:0004137 retinal ganglion cell A2 inner CL:0004137 A retinal ganglion A2 cell with dendrites terminating in S4. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion A cell with dense arbor near soma. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 outer alpha retinal ganglion cell cell I-1 type I CL:0004138 retinal ganglion cell A2 CL:0004138 A retinal ganglion A cell with dense arbor near soma. PMID:12209831 A retinal ganglion A2 cell with dendrites terminating in S2. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1065 cell CL:0004139 retinal ganglion cell A2 outer CL:0004139 A retinal ganglion A2 cell with dendrites terminating in S2. PMID:12209831 A cone whose sensitivity measurements have an average spectral peak of 510 nm. These cones are described in rat. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1028 cell CL:0004161 510 nm-cone CL:0004161 BAMS:1028 MB A cone whose sensitivity measurements have an average spectral peak of 358.2 nm. These cones are described in rat. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1029 cell CL:0004162 The photopigment curves that provide best fits to...sensitivity measurements have an average spectral peak of 358.2 nm. 360 nm-cone CL:0004162 BAMS:1029 MB A monostratified retinal ganglion cell with medium soma, sparse dendritic tree, and medium dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 BAMS:1049 cell CL:0004183 Sixty to eighty neurons with small somata (12 to 24 micrometers in diameter), small dendritic fields (99 to 289 micrometers in diameter), and small axonal diameters (04. to 07. micrometers in diameter) make up Group RGB. We classified cells with a large soma and a large dendritic field as RGA, cells with a small to medium to sized soma and a small to medium to sized dendritic field as RGB, and cells with a small to medium to sized soma but a medium to large dendritic field RGC. retinal ganglion cell B3 CL:0004183 A type of type 3 cone bipolar cell with distinctive curly dendrites. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004213 type 3a cone bipolar cell CL:0004213 A type of type 3 cone bipolar cell with distinctive curly dendrites. PMID:19129389 A type of type 3 cone bipolar cell with distinctive crescent-shaped dendrites. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004214 type 3b cone bipolar cell CL:0004214 A type of type 3 cone bipolar cell with distinctive crescent-shaped dendrites. PMID:19129389 A type 5 cone bipolar cell with narrowly stratified post synaptic terminals. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004215 type 5a cone bipolar cell CL:0004215 A type 5 cone bipolar cell with diffuse axonal branches. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004216 type 5b cone bipolar cell CL:0004216 A horizontal cell with a large cell body, thick dendrites, and a large dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 A Horizontal Cell cell H1 CL:0004217 H1 horizontal cell CL:0004217 A horizontal cell with a large cell body, thick dendrites, and a large dendritic arbor. PMID:8571130 H1 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 A horizontal cell with a small cell body, thin dendrites, and small dendritic arbor. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 B Horizontal Cell cell H2 CL:0004218 H2 horizontal cell CL:0004218 A horizontal cell with a small cell body, thin dendrites, and small dendritic arbor. PMID:8571130 H2 doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66092-9 A bistratifed retinal amacrine cell with a small dendritic field, dendrite stratification in S1-S2, and a second dendrite stratification in S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004219 A2 amacrine cell CL:0004219 A bistratifed retinal amacrine cell with a small dendritic field, dendrite stratification in S1-S2, and a second dendrite stratification in S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:24246263 PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a small, asymteric dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004220 flag amacrine cell CL:0004220 An amacrine cell with a small, asymteric dendritic field. PMID:9620701 A flag amacrine cell with post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004221 flag A amacrine cell CL:0004221 A flag amacrine cell with post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:24246263 PMID:9620701 A flag amacrine cell with post-synaptic terminals in S3, S4, and S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004222 flag B amacrine cell CL:0004222 A flag amacrine cell with post-synaptic terminals in S3, S4, and S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:24246263 PMID:9620701 A amacrine cell with a small dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. AB diffuse-1 amacrine cells have a tent-shaped dendritic arbor and undulate dendrites. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004223 AB diffuse-1 amacrine cell CL:0004223 A amacrine cell with a small dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. AB diffuse-1 amacrine cells have a tent-shaped dendritic arbor and undulate dendrites. PMID:9620701 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell that has a small dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004224 AB diffuse-2 amacrine cell CL:0004224 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell that has a small dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:32032773 PMID:9620701 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell with a small dendritic field, straight dendrites and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, and S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004225 spider amacrine cell CL:0004225 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell with a small dendritic field, straight dendrites and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, and S3. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a small dendritic field with post-synaptic terminals in S3 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004226 monostratified amacrine cell CL:0004226 An amacrine cell with a small dendritic field with post-synaptic terminals in S3 and S4. PMID:9620701 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field. Flat bistratified amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals both on the border of S1 and S2, and on the border of S3 and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004227 flat bistratified amacrine cell CL:0004227 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field. Flat bistratified amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals both on the border of S1 and S2, and on the border of S3 and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:25630271 PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004228 broad diffuse amacrine cell CL:0004228 An amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. PMID:9620701 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has dendrite stratification in S2, and in S3 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004229 A2-like amacrine cell CL:0004229 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has dendrite stratification in S2, and in S3 and S4. PMID:9620701 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has post-synaptic terminals in S1 and the border of S1-S2, and termination of a second arbor within the border of S2-S3 and S3. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004230 diffuse bistratified amacrine cell CL:0004230 A bistratified amacrine cell with a small dendritic field that has post-synaptic terminals in S1 and the border of S1-S2, and termination of a second arbor within the border of S2-S3 and S3. PMID:9620701 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell with a small dendritic field and a complex dendritic arbor. Recurving diffuse amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals in S2, S3, and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004231 recurving diffuse amacrine cell CL:0004231 A broadly stratifying amacrine cell with a small dendritic field and a complex dendritic arbor. Recurving diffuse amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals in S2, S3, and S4. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a flat dendritic arbor and a medium dendritic field. Starburst amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals in S2. This cell type releases the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004232 starburst amacrine cell CL:0004232 An amacrine cell with a flat dendritic arbor and a medium dendritic field. Starburst amacrine cells have post-synaptic terminals in S2. This cell type releases the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and acetylcholine. PMID:32032773 PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals that stratify at S2, with a second stratification that occurs in S3 and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004233 DAPI-3 amacrine cell CL:0004233 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals that stratify at S2, with a second stratification that occurs in S3 and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter glycine. PMID:9194315 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2, and in S3-S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004234 diffuse multistratified amacrine cell CL:0004234 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2, and in S3-S4. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004235 AB broad diffuse-1 amacrine cell CL:0004235 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2 and S3. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). PMID:32032773 PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2, S3, and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004236 AB broad diffuse-2 amacrine cell CL:0004236 An amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S2, S3, and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). PMID:32032773 PMID:9620701 A retinal amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004237 fountain amacrine cell CL:0004237 A retinal amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1, S2, S3, and S4. This cell type releases the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). PMID:10614594 PMID:9620701 A bistratified amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field, a flat and sparse dendritic arbor, and post-synaptic terminals at the intersections of S1 and S2, and S3 and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004238 asymmetric bistratified amacrine cell CL:0004238 A bistratified amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field, a flat and sparse dendritic arbor, and post-synaptic terminals at the intersections of S1 and S2, and S3 and S4. PMID:9620701 A bistratified amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1-S2, and S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004239 wavy bistratified amacrine cell CL:0004239 A bistratified amacrine cell with a medium dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S1-S2, and S4. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S1, and post-synaptic terminals in S1. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004240 WF1 amacrine cell CL:0004240 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S1, and post-synaptic terminals in S1. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S2, and post-synaptic terminals in S1. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004241 WF2 amacrine cell CL:0004241 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S2, and post-synaptic terminals in S1. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S3, and post-synaptic terminals in S3. Dendrites of this cell type are straight and minimally branched. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004242 WF3-1 amacrine cell CL:0004242 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S3, and post-synaptic terminals in S3. Dendrites of this cell type are straight and minimally branched. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wild dendritic field, dendrites in S3, and post-synaptic terminals in S3. Dendrites have spikes, cross over each other, and cover a larger volume than dendrties of W3-1 retinal amacrine cells. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004243 WF3-2 amacrine cell CL:0004243 An amacrine cell with a wild dendritic field, dendrites in S3, and post-synaptic terminals in S3. Dendrites have spikes, cross over each other, and cover a larger volume than dendrties of W3-1 retinal amacrine cells. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S4, and post-synaptic terminals in S4. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004244 WF4 amacrine cell CL:0004244 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field, dendrites in S4, and post-synaptic terminals in S4. PMID:9620701 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004245 indoleamine-accumulating amacrine cell CL:0004245 An amacrine cell with a wide dendritic field and post-synaptic terminals in S5. This cell type releases the neurotransmitters gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin. PMID:12486181 PMID:9620701 A central nervous system neuron that stratifies at one and only one location. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004246 monostratified cell CL:0004246 A central nervous system neuron that stratifies at one and only one location. PMID:9620701 A neuron that stratifies dendrites at two and only two locations. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 cell CL:0004247 bistratified cell CL:0004247 A neuron that stratifies dendrites at two and only two locations. PMID:9620701 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 An amicrine that stratifies dendrites at two and only two locations. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004250 bistratified retinal amacrine cell CL:0004250 An amicrine that stratifies dendrites at two and only two locations. PMID:9620701 An amicrine that has a narrow dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004251 narrow field retinal amacrine cell CL:0004251 An amicrine that has a narrow dendritic field. PMID:9620701 An amicrine that has a medium dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004252 medium field retinal amacrine cell CL:0004252 An amicrine that has a medium dendritic field. PMID:9620701 An amicrine that has a wide dendritic field. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315 cell CL:0004253 wide field retinal amacrine cell CL:0004253 An amicrine that has a wide dendritic field. PMID:9620701 CL:0005000 A CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord. Is_a interneuron, part_of UBERON:0002240. spinal cord interneuron true A CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord. CL:CVS CL:0005001 A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an iridophore. Derived from UBERON:0002342 neural crest. iridoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an iridophore. CL:CVS CL:0005002 A non-terminally differentiated cell that differentiates into a xanthophore. xanthoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that differentiates into a xanthophore. CL:CVS CL:0005003 A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a leucophore. leucoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a leucophore. CL:CVS CL:0005004 A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an erythrophore. pigment erythroblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into an erythrophore. CL:CVS CL:0005005 A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a cyanophore. cyanoblast A non-terminally differentiated cell that originates from the neural crest and differentiates into a cyanophore. CL:CVS CL:0005006 Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In amniotes, they are present in the renal system. In freshwater fish, ionocytes in the skin and gills help maintain osmotic homeostasis by absorbing salt from the external environment. ionocyte Specialized epithelial cells involved in the maintenance of osmotic homeostasis. They are characterized by abundant mitochondria and ion transporters. In amniotes, they are present in the renal system. In freshwater fish, ionocytes in the skin and gills help maintain osmotic homeostasis by absorbing salt from the external environment. PMID:17555741 PMID:19268451 CL:0005007 Kolmer-Agduhr neurons are ciliated GABAergic neurons that contact the central canal of the spinal cord and have ipsilateral ascending axons. KA cell KA interneuron KA neuron Kolmer-Agduhr cell Kolmer-Agduhr neuron Kolmer-Agduhr neurons are ciliated GABAergic neurons that contact the central canal of the spinal cord and have ipsilateral ascending axons. PMID:18680739 KA interneuron PMID:15539490 KA neuron PMID:9634146 CL:0005008 An auditory hair cell located in the macula that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. macular hair cell An auditory hair cell located in the macula that is sensitive to auditory stimuli. GO:cvs CL:0005009 A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the apical membrane of the cell is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals this cell type is located in the renal collecting duct system. renal principal cell A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which regulates sodium and potassium balance. The activity of sodium and potassium channels on the apical membrane of the cell is regulated by aldosterone and vasopressin. In mammals this cell type is located in the renal collecting duct system. CL:CVS CL:0005010 A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney that regulates acid/base balance. FMA:86560 intercalated cell Intercalated cells are also called “mitochondria-rich cells”, reflecting the high levels of round mitochondria at their apical pole, or in their cytoplasm, a distribution that is quite different from that of other kidney tubule cells, which accumulated mitochondria around the basolateral membrane. These cells also have numerous irregular apical microvilli compared with the surrounding segment-specific cells. Intercalated cells lack a central cilium, at least in the cortex, which also differentiates them from the adjacent principal cells. renal intercalated cell A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney that regulates acid/base balance. CL:CVS Intercalated cells are also called “mitochondria-rich cells”, reflecting the high levels of round mitochondria at their apical pole, or in their cytoplasm, a distribution that is quite different from that of other kidney tubule cells, which accumulated mitochondria around the basolateral membrane. These cells also have numerous irregular apical microvilli compared with the surrounding segment-specific cells. Intercalated cells lack a central cilium, at least in the cortex, which also differentiates them from the adjacent principal cells. PMID:25632105 CL:0005011 A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which secretes acid and reabsorbs base to regulate acid/base balance. type A intercalated cell type A-IC Type A intercalated cells are the more abundant type of intercalated cell in the outer stripe of the outer medulla in most mammalian species. renal alpha-intercalated cell A cuboidal epithelial cell of the kidney which secretes acid and reabsorbs base to regulate acid/base balance. CL:CVS type A intercalated cell PMID:25632105 type A-IC PMID:25632105 Type A intercalated cells are the more abundant type of intercalated cell in the outer stripe of the outer medulla in most mammalian species. PMID:25632105 CL:0005012 A ciliated epithelial cell with many cilia. multi-ciliated cell multiciliated cell multiciliated epithelial cell MCC multi-ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated epithelial cell with many cilia. CL:CVS MCC CL:0005013 A ciliated epithelial cell with a single cilium. single ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated epithelial cell with a single cilium. CL:CVS CL:0005014 A non-sensory cell that extends from the basement membrane to the apical surface of the auditory epithelium and provides support for auditory hair cells. auditory epithelial support cell auditory epithelial supporting cell A non-sensory cell that extends from the basement membrane to the apical surface of the auditory epithelium and provides support for auditory hair cells. CL:CVS GOC:tfm CL:0005015 An auditory epithelial support cell that surrounds the nerve fibers and synapses of the auditory inner hair cells. FMA:79801 inner phalangeal cell An auditory epithelial support cell that surrounds the nerve fibers and synapses of the auditory inner hair cells. CL:CVS CL:0005016 Obsolete. Use PO:0030007 from Plant Ontology instead. The apical cell is the upper cell formed after the first division of a plant zygote. obsolete apical cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0030007 from Plant Ontology instead. The apical cell is the upper cell formed after the first division of a plant zygote. TAIR:TB CL:0005017 Obsolete. Use PO:0002002 from Plant Ontology instead. The lower cell formed after the first division of a plant zygote. obsolete plant basal cell true Obsolete. Use PO:0002002 from Plant Ontology instead. The lower cell formed after the first division of a plant zygote. TAIR:TB CL:0005018 A cell that secretes ghrelin, the peptide hormone that stimulates hunger. ghrelin secreting cell A cell that secretes ghrelin, the peptide hormone that stimulates hunger. CL:curator CL:0005019 Ghrelin secreting cells found in the endocrine pancreas. pancreatic E cell In mammals the endocrine pancreas is called the Islets of Langerhans. pancreatic epsilon cell Ghrelin secreting cells found in the endocrine pancreas. PMID:14970313 CL:0005020 Lymphatic progenitor cells. 2012-01-12T04:44:34Z Usually express Prox1, or prox1b. lymphangioblast true Lymphatic progenitor cells. CL:CVS CL:0005021 Mesenchymal derived lymphatic progenitor cells that give rise to the superficial lymphatics. 2012-01-12T05:01:22Z mesenchymal lymphangioblast Mesenchymal derived lymphatic progenitor cells that give rise to the superficial lymphatics. PMID:15624319 PMID:18430230 CL:0005022 Lymphatic progenitor cells, derived from the veins, that give rise to lymphatic endothelial cells. 2012-01-12T05:21:09Z parachordal lymphangioblast vascular lymphangioblast true Lymphatic progenitor cells, derived from the veins, that give rise to lymphatic endothelial cells. CL:CVS CL:0005023 Cranial motor neuron which innervates muscles derived from the branchial (pharyngeal) arches. PMID:14699587 branchi motor neuron special visceral motor neuron branchiomotor neuron Cranial motor neuron which innervates muscles derived from the branchial (pharyngeal) arches. ZFIN:CVS CL:0005024 A motor neuron that innervates a skeletal muscle. These motor neurons are all excitatory and cholinergic. somatic motor neuron somatomotor neuron A motor neuron that innervates a skeletal muscle. These motor neurons are all excitatory and cholinergic. ZFIN:CVS CL:0005025 A motor neuron that synapses to parasympathetic neurons that innervate tear glands, sweat glands, and the smooth muscles and glands of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. general visceral motor neuron Note that these neurons do not synapse directly onto muscles visceromotor neuron A motor neuron that synapses to parasympathetic neurons that innervate tear glands, sweat glands, and the smooth muscles and glands of the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal systems. ZFIN:CVS CL:0005026 Multi fate stem cell that gives rise to both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes as descendants. The term often refers to fetal precursors of hepatocytes (differently from 'hepatic stem cell', usually applied to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver). Hepatoblasts may also be endogenous, as some stem cells found in the liver come from the bone marrow via blood circulation. hepatoblast https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/800 Multi fate stem cell that gives rise to both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes as descendants. The term often refers to fetal precursors of hepatocytes (differently from 'hepatic stem cell', usually applied to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver). Hepatoblasts may also be endogenous, as some stem cells found in the liver come from the bone marrow via blood circulation. GOC:CVS PMID:18356246 PMID:20483998 PMID:26798363 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-6740 CL:0007000 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins. 2012-06-15T01:27:01Z unsure of neural crest contribution. In VSAO we have develops_from CL:0000008 preameloblast Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins. GO_REF:0000034 PMCID:PMC2737325 CL:0007001 Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). 2012-06-15T02:51:27Z scleroblast Needs logical definition. Should be capable_of skeletal system morphogenesis? or skeletal tissue development? needs to be added to GO. NOTES:a cell type of the early embryo (see also: mesenchymal cells) that will give rise to mineralized connective tissue. Scleroblasts can differentiate into osteoblasts (bone-forming cells), chondroblasts (cartilage-forming cells), odontoblasts (dentin-forming cells), ameloblasts (enamel-forming cells). The mesenchymal cells developing into osteoblasts and chondroblasts are derived from the mesoderm. Those developing into odontoblasts are neural crest cells. Those developing into ameloblasts are derived from the ectoderm. (http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=scleroblasts) skeletogenic cell Cell that has the potential to form a skeletal cell type (e.g. cells in periosteum, cells in marrow) and produce extracellular matrix (often mineralized) and skeletal tissue (often mineralized). GO_REF:0000034 scleroblast GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007002 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. 2012-06-15T04:37:13Z precementoblast Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a cementoblast. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007003 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell. 2012-06-15T05:15:11Z preodontoblast Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to form an odontoblast, deposits predentine, and arises from a cranial neural crest cell. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007004 Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells. 2012-06-27T08:27:35Z premigratory neural crest cell Cell that is part of the neural crest region of the neuroepithelium, prior to migration. Note that not all premigratory neural crest cells may become migratory neural crest cells. UBERONREF:0000002 CL:0007005 Cell that is part of the notochord. 2012-06-27T08:47:31Z NOTE: TO DO, notochord development still needs work. notochordal cell Cell that is part of the notochord. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007006 Mesodermal cell that is axially located and gives rise to the cells of the notochord. 2012-06-27T08:52:41Z axial mesodermal cell chordamesodermal cell Mesodermal cell that is axially located and gives rise to the cells of the notochord. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007007 Notochordal cell that is part of the outer epithelium of the notochord and surrounds the vacuolated notochord cells. 2012-06-27T09:26:37Z notochordal sheath cell Notochordal cell that is part of the outer epithelium of the notochord and surrounds the vacuolated notochord cells. CL:MAH CL:0007008 Notochordal cell that is inner portion of the notochord and becomes vacuolated as development proceeds. 2012-06-27T09:29:30Z chordablast chordoblast notochordal vacuole cell Notochordal cell that is inner portion of the notochord and becomes vacuolated as development proceeds. CL:MAH chordablast GO_REF:0000034 chordoblast PMID:14574572 CL:0007009 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. 2012-06-27T10:44:01Z prechondroblast Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into a chondroblast; and arises from neural crest, meseosdermal and notochordal and connective tissue cells. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007010 Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. 2012-06-27T10:57:21Z osteoprogenitor cell preosteoblast Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to transform into an osteoblast, and develops from neural crest or mesodermal cells. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007011 Neuron that is part of the enteric nervous system. 2012-06-28T08:20:31Z enteric neuron Neuron that is part of the enteric nervous system. CL:MAH CL:0007012 Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. non-terminally differentiated odontoblast Odontoblast that non-terminally differentiated, located in the odontogenic papilla and dentine tissue, and transforms from a odontoblast cell. GO_REF:0000034 PSPUB:0000170 CL:0007013 Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. terminally differentiated odontoblast Odontoblast that is terminally differentiated and derived from an odontogenic papilla and associated with dentine. GO_REF:0000034 CL:0007014 OBSOLETE: A cultured cell that has been passaged at least one time in culture. 2012-11-28T11:54:59Z passaged cultured cell Obsoleted in July 2013 and replaced by the CLO 'cell line cell' class, as a result of CLO-OBI-CL alignment efforts. Covers cells actively being cultured or stored in a quiescent state for future use. obsolete cell line cell true OBSOLETE: A cultured cell that has been passaged at least one time in culture. ReO:mhb CL:0007015 OBSOLETE: A cell line cell that is expected to be capable of replicating a limited number of times in culture before undergoing senescence. Mortal cell line cells cannot be propagated indefinitely (as immortal cell line cells can). 2012-11-28T11:56:20Z finite cell line cell primary cell line cell Obsoleted in July 2013 and replaced by the CLO 'mortal cell line cell' class, as a result of CLO-OBI-CL alignment efforts. Covers cells actively being cultured or stored in a quiescent state for future use. obsolete mortal cell line cell true OBSOLETE: A cell line cell that is expected to be capable of replicating a limited number of times in culture before undergoing senescence. Mortal cell line cells cannot be propagated indefinitely (as immortal cell line cells can). ReO:mhb CL:0007016 Muscle precursor cell that is adjacent to the notochord and part of the presomitic mesoderm. 2012-12-30T12:43:15Z In teleosts, adaxial cells give rise to slow muscle myoblasts. adaxial cell Muscle precursor cell that is adjacent to the notochord and part of the presomitic mesoderm. PMID:8951054 CL:0007017 An epidermal cell with apical microvilli or a single apical projection have synaptic associations with nerve fibres in the epidermis. Taxon specificity not yet fully known, but are known in anuran larvae but not in adults. Stiftchenzellen An epidermal cell with apical microvilli or a single apical projection have synaptic associations with nerve fibres in the epidermis. PMID:1087183 CL:0007018 Ciliated cell of the embryonic epidermis and functions in embryonic movements. Taxon specificity not clear -present in embryonic anurans. epidermal ciliary cell Ciliated cell of the embryonic epidermis and functions in embryonic movements. PMCID:PMC3046089 CL:0007019 taxon specificity not clear. Appears in early larval stages of anurans and persists after metamorphosis. epidermal mucus secreting cell CL:0007020 Characteristic early embryonic cell with a bottle or flask shape that is first to migrate inwards at the blastopore during gastrulation in amphibians. bottle cell Characteristic early embryonic cell with a bottle or flask shape that is first to migrate inwards at the blastopore during gastrulation in amphibians. PMID:3197630 CL:0007021 Secretory cell that produces a chemical mixture that triggers antipredator behavior. The substance is released only upon disruption of the epidermis. [Behavior of teleost fishes, second edition, edited by Pitcher, 1992] alarm substance secreting cell club cell (zebrafish) club cell alarm substance cell Secretory cell that produces a chemical mixture that triggers antipredator behavior. The substance is released only upon disruption of the epidermis. [Behavior of teleost fishes, second edition, edited by Pitcher, 1992] ISBN-10:0412429403 club cell (zebrafish) https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/583 club cell ISBN-10:0412429403 https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/583 CL:0007022 A specialized pore forming cell of the follicle, located adjacent to the animal pole of the oocyte. The micropylar cell makes the single micropyle (pore) through the chorion through which the sperm fertilizes the egg. plug cell micropylar cell A specialized pore forming cell of the follicle, located adjacent to the animal pole of the oocyte. The micropylar cell makes the single micropyle (pore) through the chorion through which the sperm fertilizes the egg. PMID:18582455 ZFA:0005239 CL:0007023 Epidermal cell rich in mitochondria. In amphibians, appears during metamorphosis. flask cell Epidermal cell rich in mitochondria. In amphibians, appears during metamorphosis. DOI:10.1007/BF00717048 CL:0008000 Any muscle cell in which the fibers are not organised into sarcomeres. non-striated muscle cell Any muscle cell in which the fibers are not organised into sarcomeres. GOC:DOS CL:0008001 Any hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type. hematopoietic precursor cell Any hematopoietic cell that is a precursor of some other hematopoietic cell type. GOC:dos CL:0008002 A transversely striated, synctial cell of skeletal muscle. It is formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. MESH:D018485 skeletal muscle fiber A transversely striated, synctial cell of skeletal muscle. It is formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. GOC:tfm ISBN:0323052908 CL:0008003 A myotube that is part of some somatic muscle. Examples include arthropod somatic muscle cells. somatic muscle myotube A myotube that is part of some somatic muscle. Examples include arthropod somatic muscle cells. PMID:22274696 PMID:8720463 CL:0008004 A muscle cell that is part of some somatic muscle. FBbt:00005073 somatic muscle cell A muscle cell that is part of some somatic muscle. GOC:dos CL:0008005 A somatic muscle cell that is oblquely striated. Examples include the somatic muscles of nematodes. obliquely striated somatic muscle cell A somatic muscle cell that is oblquely striated. Examples include the somatic muscles of nematodes. PMID:8720463 CL:0008006 A myoblast that detemines the properties (size, shape and attachment to the epidermis) of a `somatic muscle myotube` (CL:0008003) . It develops into a somatic muscle myotube via fusion with `fusion component myoblasts` (CL:0000621). muscle founder cell A myoblast that detemines the properties (size, shape and attachment to the epidermis) of a `somatic muscle myotube` (CL:0008003) . It develops into a somatic muscle myotube via fusion with `fusion component myoblasts` (CL:0000621). PMID:22274696 CL:0008007 A muscle cell that is part of some visceral muscle. FBbt:00005070 visceral muscle cell A muscle cell that is part of some visceral muscle. GOC:dos CL:0008008 A visceral muscle cell that is striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arhtropods. striated visceral muscle cell A visceral muscle cell that is striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arhtropods. GOC:dos CL:0008009 A visceral muscle that is transversely striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arthropods. transversely striated visceral muscle cell A visceral muscle that is transversely striated. Examples include the visceral muscle cells of arthropods. GOC:dos CL:0008010 A cranial motor neuron whose soma is located in the midbrain andor hindbrain and which innervates the skeletal muscles of the eye or tongue. cranial somatomotor neuron A cranial motor neuron whose soma is located in the midbrain andor hindbrain and which innervates the skeletal muscles of the eye or tongue. PMID:14699587 CL:0008011 A skeletal muscle satellite cell that divides by stem cell division. A proportion of this population undergoes symmetric stem cell division, producing two skeletal muscle satellite stem cells. The rest undergo asymmetric stem cell division - retaining their identity while budding off a daughter cell that differentiates into an adult skeletal muscle myoblast. skeletal muscle satellite stem cell A skeletal muscle satellite cell that divides by stem cell division. A proportion of this population undergoes symmetric stem cell division, producing two skeletal muscle satellite stem cells. The rest undergo asymmetric stem cell division - retaining their identity while budding off a daughter cell that differentiates into an adult skeletal muscle myoblast. PMID:23303905 CL:0008012 A skeletal muscle satellite cell that is mitotically quiescent. These cells are wedge shaped and have a large nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio with few organelles, a small nucleus and condensed interphase chromatin. Satellite cells typically remain in this state until activated following muscle damage. quiescent skeletal muscle satellite cell A skeletal muscle satellite cell that is mitotically quiescent. These cells are wedge shaped and have a large nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio with few organelles, a small nucleus and condensed interphase chromatin. Satellite cells typically remain in this state until activated following muscle damage. PMID:21849021 PMID:23303905 CL:0008013 A visceromotor motor neuron whose soma is located in the hindbrain, and which synapses to parasympathetic neurons that innervate tear glands, sweat glands, and the smooth muscles of the head. cranial visceromotor neuron A visceromotor motor neuron whose soma is located in the hindbrain, and which synapses to parasympathetic neurons that innervate tear glands, sweat glands, and the smooth muscles of the head. PMID:14699587 CL:0008014 A motor neuron that is capable of directly inducing muscle contraction. In vertebrates, all motor neurons are excitatory, but various types of inhibitory motor neurons exist in invertebrates. obsolete excitatory motor neuron true CL:0008015 A motor neuron that is capable of directly inhibiting muscle contraction. In vertebrates, all motor neurons are excitatory, but various types of inhibitory motor neurons exist in invertebrates. inhibitory motor neuron CL:0008016 A skeletal muscle satellite cell that has become mitotically active - typically following muscle damage. activated skeletal muscle satellite cell More accurately - transformation_of ? A skeletal muscle satellite cell that has become mitotically active - typically following muscle damage. PMID:21849021 PMID:23303905 CL:0008017 A skeletal muscle myoblast that is part of a skeletal mucle. These cells are formed following acivation and division of skeletal muscle satellite cells. They form a transient population that is lost when they fuse to form skeletal muscle fibers. myogenic precursor cell The vast majority of these cells develop from skeletal muscle satellite cells, although there are some reports of other origins. adult skeletal muscle myoblast A skeletal muscle myoblast that is part of a skeletal mucle. These cells are formed following acivation and division of skeletal muscle satellite cells. They form a transient population that is lost when they fuse to form skeletal muscle fibers. PMID:23303905 myogenic precursor cell PMID:23303905 CL:0008018 A myoblast that is commited to developing into a somatic muscle. somatic muscle myoblast CL:0008019 A non-polarised cell precursor cell that is part of some mesenchyme, is associated with the cell matrix but is not connected to other cells and is capable of migration. mesenchyme cell mesenchymal cell CL:0008020 A skeletal muscle satellite cell that undergoes symmetric division to produce two adult skeleltal muscle myoblasts. skeletal muscle satellite myogenic cell A skeletal muscle satellite cell that undergoes symmetric division to produce two adult skeleltal muscle myoblasts. GOC:dos PMID:23303905 CL:0008021 anterior lateral line ganglion neuron CL:0008022 A mesenchymal cell of the endocardial cushion. These cells develop via an epithelial to mesenchymal transition when endocardial cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly. Cells from this population form the heart septa and valves. endocardial cushion cell A mesenchymal cell of the endocardial cushion. These cells develop via an epithelial to mesenchymal transition when endocardial cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly. Cells from this population form the heart septa and valves. PMID:18816864 CL:0008023 Duplicate term. obsolete cardiac fibroblast true CL:0008024 An endocrine cell that is part of the pancreas. pancreatic endocrine cell An endocrine cell that is part of the pancreas. GOC:dos CL:0008025 A neuron that release noradrenaline (noriphinephrine) as a neurotransmitter. noradrenergic neuron A neuron that release noradrenaline (noriphinephrine) as a neurotransmitter. GOC:dos CL:0008026 An epithelial cell that is part of the epithelium of a tracheal tube in an open tracheal system, such as that found in insects. FBbt:00005038 open tracheal system tracheocyte An epithelial cell that is part of the epithelium of a tracheal tube in an open tracheal system, such as that found in insects. GOC:dos CL:0008027 A bipolar neuron found in the retina that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells. These neurons have axons that arborize and synapse to targets in inner plexiform layers 4 and 5 and depolarize in response to light. 2017-06-29T11:05:22Z rod bipolar cell (sensu Mus) CL:0008028 2017-07-09T19:12:36Z visual system neuron CL:0008029 2017-07-12T11:10:52Z Consider GABAergic neuron or inhibitory interneuron instead. Do note that not all GABAergic neurons are inhibitory (see PMID:12209121) and replacing inhibitory neuron with GABAergic neuron should be done with caution. obsolete inhibitory neuron true CL:0008030 2017-07-12T11:11:06Z Consider using glutamatergic neuron instead. Do note that not all glutamatergic neurons are excitatory and replacing excitatory neuron with glutamatergic neuron should be done with caution. obsolete excitatory neuron true CL:0008031 An interneuron that has its soma located in the cerebral cortex. cerebral cortex interneuron cortical interneuron CL:0008032 A GABAergic interneuron in human cortical layer 1 that has large rosehip-shaped axonal boutons and compact arborization. A rosehip cell has been shown to have an immunohistochemical profile GAD1+CCK+, CNR1–SST–CALB2–PVALB– that matches a single transcriptomically defined cell type whose specific molecular marker signature is not seen in mouse cortex. rosehip neuron A GABAergic interneuron in human cortical layer 1 that has large rosehip-shaped axonal boutons and compact arborization. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0205-2 A rosehip cell has been shown to have an immunohistochemical profile GAD1+CCK+, CNR1–SST–CALB2–PVALB– that matches a single transcriptomically defined cell type whose specific molecular marker signature is not seen in mouse cortex. doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0205-2 CL:0008033 A pericyte of the decidual vasculature. 2020-02-29T11:45:57Z decidual perivascular cell decidual pericyte A pericyte of the decidual vasculature. PMID:30429548 CL:0008034 Mural cells are pericytes and the vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) of the microcirculation. 2020-02-29T17:33:55Z mural cell Mural cells are pericytes and the vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) of the microcirculation. Wiki:Mural_cell&oldid=930603194 CL:0008035 2020-02-29T17:37:00Z microcirculation associated smooth muscle cell CL:0008036 A trophoblast cell that is not part of a placental villous. 2020-03-02T08:45:06Z EVT extravillous cytotrophloblast extravillous trophoblast A trophoblast cell that is not part of a placental villous. PMID:31049600 EVT PMID:31049600 CL:0008037 A lower motor neuron that innervates only intrafusal muscle fibers. Unlike the alpha motor neurons, gamma motor neurons do not directly adjust the lengthening or shortening of muscles but function in adjusting the sensitivity of muscle spindles and in keeping muscle spindles taut, thereby allowing the continued firing of alpha neurons. FMA:83660 MESH:D009047 SAO:143800623 fusimotor neuron gamma motor neuron A lower motor neuron that innervates only intrafusal muscle fibers. Unlike the alpha motor neurons, gamma motor neurons do not directly adjust the lengthening or shortening of muscles but function in adjusting the sensitivity of muscle spindles and in keeping muscle spindles taut, thereby allowing the continued firing of alpha neurons. DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195159561.001.1 WikipediaVersion:Gamma_motor_neuron&oldid=906640465 fusimotor neuron WikipediaVersioned:Gamma_motor_neuron&oldid=1037462173 CL:0008038 A large, multipolar lower motor neuron of the brainstem and spinal cord that innervates the extrafusal muscle fibers of skeletal muscle and are directly responsible for initiating their contraction. While their cell bodies are in the CNS (in the anterior gray horn of the spinal cord), they are part of the somatic nervous system - a branch of the PNS. 2020-09-23T20:16:26Z alpha motoneuron alpha motor neuron A large, multipolar lower motor neuron of the brainstem and spinal cord that innervates the extrafusal muscle fibers of skeletal muscle and are directly responsible for initiating their contraction. While their cell bodies are in the CNS (in the anterior gray horn of the spinal cord), they are part of the somatic nervous system - a branch of the PNS. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.05364-2 Wikipedia:Alpha_motor_neuron&oldid=957148643 CL:0008039 The motor neurons of vertebrates that directly innervate skeletal muscles. They receive input from upper motor neurons. 2020-09-23T20:22:07Z FMA:84632 lower motor neuron The motor neurons of vertebrates that directly innervate skeletal muscles. They receive input from upper motor neurons. Wikipedia:Lower_motor_neuron&oldid=952547294 CL:0008046 A skeletal muscle fiber that is innervated by alpha motor neuron and generates tension by contracting, thereby allowing for skeletal movement. These fibers make up the large mass of skeletal muscle tissue and are attached to bones by tendons. 2020-09-26T21:06:15Z TH:H3.03.00.0.00007 myofibra extrafusalis extrafusal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber that is innervated by alpha motor neuron and generates tension by contracting, thereby allowing for skeletal movement. These fibers make up the large mass of skeletal muscle tissue and are attached to bones by tendons. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-10321-6.00004-7 Wikipedia:Extrafusal_muscle_fiber&oldid=978415293 CL:0008047 A skeletal muscle fiber that is part of a muscle spindle. These are specialized muscle fibers that serve as proprioceptors, detecting the amount and rate of change in length of a muscle. They are innervated by both sensory neurons and motor neurons (gamma and beta motorneurons, collectively referred to as fusimotor neurons). 2020-09-26T21:07:01Z TH:H3.03.00.0.00012 myofibra intrafusalis intrafusal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber that is part of a muscle spindle. These are specialized muscle fibers that serve as proprioceptors, detecting the amount and rate of change in length of a muscle. They are innervated by both sensory neurons and motor neurons (gamma and beta motorneurons, collectively referred to as fusimotor neurons). DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-10321-6.00004-7 Wikipedia:Intrafusal_muscle_fiber&oldid=937508784 CL:0008048 A glutamatergic motor neuron with a soma in the brainstem or cerebral cortex. They do not synapse directly to muscles but rather to lower motor neurons, which do. They are the main controllers of voluntary movement. 2020-09-28T09:41:48Z upper motor neuron A glutamatergic motor neuron with a soma in the brainstem or cerebral cortex. They do not synapse directly to muscles but rather to lower motor neurons, which do. They are the main controllers of voluntary movement. Wikipedia:Upper_motor_neuron&oldid=943248837 CL:0008049 A giant pyramidal neuron with a soma in layer Vb of the primary motor cortex that sends its axons down the spinal cord via the corticospinal tract, either synapsing directly with alpha motor neurons, or targeting interneurons in the spinal cord. In humans, Betz cells are the largest known in the central nervous system. 2020-09-28T09:52:58Z pyramidal cell of Betz Betz cell https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Betz_cell&oldid=977472330#/media/File:GolgiStainedPyramidalCell.jpg A giant pyramidal neuron with a soma in layer Vb of the primary motor cortex that sends its axons down the spinal cord via the corticospinal tract, either synapsing directly with alpha motor neurons, or targeting interneurons in the spinal cord. In humans, Betz cells are the largest known in the central nervous system. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 Wikipedia:Betz_cell&oldid=977472330 CL:0009000 A sensory neuron of the spinal nerve that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. spinal sensory neuron sensory neuron of spinal nerve A sensory neuron of the spinal nerve that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. GOC:nv GOC:pr CL:0009001 Any cell in the compound eye, a light sensing organ composed of ommatidia. GOC:pr PMID:12021768 compound eye retinal cell neuron CL:0009002 Any cell participating in the inflammatory response to a foreign substance, e.g. neutrophil, macrophage. GOC:pr http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammatory_response inflammatory cell CL:0009003 Any cell in the midgut (middle subdivision of a digestive tract) of an insect larva. GOC:pr http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insect#Midgut larval midgut cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/710 CL:0009004 Any cell in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. PMID:10702418 retinal cell Any cell in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. GOC:pr CL:0009005 Any cell in a salivary gland. GOC:pr http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland salivary gland cell CL:0009006 An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the small intestine. small intestine enteroendocrine cell enteroendocrine cell of small intestine An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the small intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009007 A macrophage which is resident in the lamina propria of the small intestine. macrophage of small intestine small intestine lamina propria resident macrophage gastrointestinal tract (lamina propria) macrophage of small intestine A macrophage which is resident in the lamina propria of the small intestine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009008 A macrophage which is resident in the lamina propria of the large intestine. macrophage of large intestine large intestine lamina propria resident macrophage gastrointestinal tract (lamina propria) macrophage of large intestine A macrophage which is resident in the lamina propria of the large intestine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009009 A paneth cell that is located in the epithelium of the colon. paneth cell of epithelium of large intestine paneth cell of epithelium of colon paneth-like cell paneth cell of colon A paneth cell that is located in the epithelium of the colon. PMID:31753849 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009010 Transit-amplifying cells (TACs) are an undifferentiated population in transition between stem cells and differentiated cells. transient amplifying cell transit amplifying progenitor cell transit-amplifying cell TAC TACs transit amplifying cell Transit-amplifying cells (TACs) are an undifferentiated population in transition between stem cells and differentiated cells. PMID:24813615 PMID:28835754 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 transit amplifying progenitor cell PMID:30827895 CL:0009011 A rapidly proliferating population of cells that differentiate from stem cells of the intestinal crypt of the colon. Stem cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn give rise to proliferating progenitor or transit amplifying cells that differentiate into the four major epithelial cell types. These include columnar absorptive cells or enterocytes, mucous secreting goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and paneth cells. transit amplifying cell of large intestine colon transit amplifying cell transient amplifying cell of colon transient amplifying cell of crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon transit amplifying cell of crypt of Lieberkuhn of colon transit-amplifying cell of colon transit amplifying cell of colon A rapidly proliferating population of cells that differentiate from stem cells of the intestinal crypt of the colon. Stem cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn give rise to proliferating progenitor or transit amplifying cells that differentiate into the four major epithelial cell types. These include columnar absorptive cells or enterocytes, mucous secreting goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and paneth cells. PMID:20801415 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009012 A rapidly proliferating population of cells that differentiate from stem cells of the intestinal crypt of the small intestine. Stem cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn give rise to proliferating progenitor or transit amplifying cells that differentiate into the four major epithelial cell types. These include columnar absorptive cells or enterocytes, mucous secreting goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and paneth cells. small intestine transit amplifying cell transient amplifying cell of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine transient amplifying cell of small intestine transit amplifying cell of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine transit-amplifying cell of small intestine transit amplifying cell of small intestine A rapidly proliferating population of cells that differentiate from stem cells of the intestinal crypt of the small intestine. Stem cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn give rise to proliferating progenitor or transit amplifying cells that differentiate into the four major epithelial cell types. These include columnar absorptive cells or enterocytes, mucous secreting goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and paneth cells. PMID:20801415 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009013 A progenitor cell with hepatic and biliary lineage potential, identified in mouse and human, and anatomically restricted to the ductal plate of fetal liver. HHyP cell fetal hepatobiliary hybrid progenitor cell fetal hepatobiliary progenitor cell A progenitor cell with hepatic and biliary lineage potential, identified in mouse and human, and anatomically restricted to the ductal plate of fetal liver. PMID:31350390 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-0115 CL:0009014 A lymphocyte that is part of a Peyer's patch. These cells have a major role in driving the immune response to antigens sampled from the intestinal lumen, and in regulating the formation of follicle-associated epithelium and M cells in Peyer's patches by converting intestitial enterocytes into M cells. Peyer's patch resident lymphocyte small intestine Peyer's patch lymphocyte Peyer's patch lymphocyte A lymphocyte that is part of a Peyer's patch. These cells have a major role in driving the immune response to antigens sampled from the intestinal lumen, and in regulating the formation of follicle-associated epithelium and M cells in Peyer's patches by converting intestitial enterocytes into M cells. PMID:23525039 PMID:9252325 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009015 A follicular dendritic cell located in the Peyer's patch. These cells from a meshwork in which Peyer's patch B cells reside. Peyer's patch follicular dendritic cell A follicular dendritic cell located in the Peyer's patch. These cells from a meshwork in which Peyer's patch B cells reside. PMID:24437401 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009016 An intestinal stem cell that is located in the large intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the large intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. crypt stem cell of large intestine stem cell of large intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn intestinal crypt stem cell of large intestine An intestinal stem cell that is located in the large intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the large intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. PMID:20683682 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009017 An intestinal stem cell that is located in the small intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the small intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. crypt stem cell of small intestine stem cell of small intestine crypt of Lieberkuhn intestinal crypt stem cell of small intestine An intestinal stem cell that is located in the small intestine crypt of Liberkuhn. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the small intestine and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. PMID:20683682 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009018 A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the large intestine. lamina propria lymphocyte of large intestine This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. lymphocyte of large intestine lamina propria A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the large intestine. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009019 A kidney cortical cell that is part of the nephrogenic zone. cortical nephrogenic niche cell cortical nephrogenic zone cell nephrogenic zone cell A kidney cortical cell that is part of the nephrogenic zone. PMID:29449449 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-0115 CL:0009020 An intestinal tuft cell that is a part of a vermiform appendix. appendix tuft cell tuft cell of appendix vermiformis tuft cell of vermiform appendix tuft cell of appendix An intestinal tuft cell that is a part of a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009021 A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the large intestine. stromal cell of lamina propria of large intestine A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the large intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009022 A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the small intestine. stromal cell of lamina propria of small intestine A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the small intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009023 A T cell which resides in the Peyer's patch of the small intestine. T cell of Peyer's patch of small intestine T cell of small intestine Peyer's patch small intestine Peyer's patch T cell A T cell which resides in the Peyer's patch of the small intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009024 A mesothelial cell that is part of the small intestine. mesothelial cell of small intestine A mesothelial cell that is part of the small intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009025 A mesothelial cell that is part of the colon. mesothelial cell of large intestine mesothelial cell of colon A mesothelial cell that is part of the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009026 An enterocyte that is a part of a vermiform appendix. appendix enterocyte enterocyte of appendix vermiformis enterocyte of vermiform appendix enterocyte of appendix An enterocyte that is a part of a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009027 A transit amplifying cell that is part of a crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine. appendix transit amplifying cell transit amplifying cell of appendix vermiformis transit amplifying cell of vermiform appendix transit amplifying cell of appendix A transit amplifying cell that is part of a crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009028 An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the vermiform appendix. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the appendix and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. appendix intestinal crypt stem cell intestinal crypt stem cell of appendix vermiformis intestinal crypt stem cell of vermiform appendix stem cell of intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn of appendix stem cell of intestinal crypt of Lieberkuhn of appendix vermiformis intestinal crypt stem cell of appendix An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the vermiform appendix. These stem cells reside at the bottom of crypts in the appendix and are highly proliferative. They either differentiate into transit amplifying cells or self-renew to form new stem cells. PMID:20683682 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009029 A mesothelial cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. appendix mesothelial cell mesothelial cell of appendix vermiformis mesothelial cell of vermiform appendix mesothelial cell of appendix A mesothelial cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009030 An intestinal enteroendocrine cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. appendix enteroendocrine cell enteroendocrine cell of appendix vermiformis enteroendocrine cell of vermiform appendix enteroendocrine cell of appendix An intestinal enteroendocrine cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009031 A T cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. T cell of appendix vermiformis T cell of vermiform appendix appendix T cell This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. T cell of appendix A T cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009032 A B cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. B cell of appendix vermiformis B cell of vermiform appendix appendix B cell This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. B cell of appendix A B cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009033 A plasma cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. appendix plasma cell plasma cell of appendix vermiformis plasma cell of vermiform appendix This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. plasma cell of appendix A plasma cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009034 A dendritic cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. appendix dendritic cell dendritic cell of appendix vermiformis dendritic cell of vermiform appendix This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. dendritic cell of appendix A dendritic cell that is located in a vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009035 A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the vermiform appendix. stromal cell of appendix lamina propria stromal cell of lamina propria of appendix vermiformis stromal cell of lamina propria of vermiform appendix A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009036 A macrophage located in the vermiform appendix. macrophage of appendix macrophage of appendix vermiformis macrophage of vermiform appendix This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. appendix macrophage A macrophage located in the vermiform appendix. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009037 A B lymphocyte that resides in the mantle zone of the lymph node germinal center. These are generally IgM and IgD positive activated B cells that form a 'corona' around the germinal center and are part of the establishment of a secondary lymphatic follicule. mantle zone B cell mantle zone B cell of lymph node This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. lymph node mantle zone B cell A B lymphocyte that resides in the mantle zone of the lymph node germinal center. These are generally IgM and IgD positive activated B cells that form a 'corona' around the germinal center and are part of the establishment of a secondary lymphatic follicule. PMID:8011279 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865/ https://www.arppress.org/v/vspfiles/assets/images/Chapter1T25LymphNodes.pdf CL:0009038 A macrophage that is located in the colon. macrophage of colon This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. colon macrophage A macrophage that is located in the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009039 A goblet cell that is located in the colon. goblet cell of colon colon goblet cell A goblet cell that is located in the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009040 A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the colon. stromal cell of colon lamina propria stromal cell of lamina propria of colon A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009041 A tuft cell that is a part of the colon. colon tuft cell tuft cell of colon A tuft cell that is a part of the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009042 An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the colon. colon enteroendocrine cell enteroendocrine cell of colon An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009043 An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the colon. intestinal crypt stem cell of colon An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the colon. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009044 A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria leukocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes are the effector compartments of the gut mucosal immune system. Lymphocytes circulate through gut associated lymphoid tissues until recruitment by intestinal antigens. They are involved in the gut immune response. gastrointestinal tract small intestine (lamina propria) leukocyte small intestine lamina propria leukocyte small intestine lamina propria leukocyte (LPL) gastrointestinal tract (lamina propria) lymphocyte of small intestine lamina propria lymphocyte of small intestine small intestine lamina propria lymphocyte This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. lymphocyte of small intestine lamina propria A lymphocyte that resides in the lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria leukocytes and intraepithelial lymphocytes are the effector compartments of the gut mucosal immune system. Lymphocytes circulate through gut associated lymphoid tissues until recruitment by intestinal antigens. They are involved in the gut immune response. PMID:26551552 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009045 A B cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. B cell of medullary sinus of lymph node A B cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009046 A T cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. T cell of medullary sinus of lymph node A T cell found in the lymph node medullary sinus. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009047 A macrophage found in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. medullary sinus macrophage lymph node medullary sinus macrophage This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. macrophage of medullary sinus of lymph node A macrophage found in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009048 A macrophage that is located in the anorectum. macrophage of anorectum This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. anorectum macrophage A macrophage that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009049 A layer of smooth muscle cells that forms the outer layer of the high endothelial venule of lymph node and pumps to allow flow of lymph fluid carrying lymphocytes. high endothelial venule smooth muscle cell high endothelial venule of lymph node smooth muscle cell smooth muscle cell of high endothelial venule of lymph node A layer of smooth muscle cells that forms the outer layer of the high endothelial venule of lymph node and pumps to allow flow of lymph fluid carrying lymphocytes. PMID:27881983 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009050 A B cell that is located in the anorectum. This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. B cell of anorectum A B cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009051 A T cell that is located in the anorectum. This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. T cell of anorectum A T cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009052 A smooth muscle cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum smooth muscle cell smooth muscle cell of anorectum A smooth muscle cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009053 A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the anorectum. stromal cell of anorectum lamina propria A stromal cell found in the lamina propria of the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009054 A microfold cell (M cell) that is part of the anorectum. M cell of anorectum microfold cell of epithelium proper of anorectum A microfold cell (M cell) that is part of the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009055 A paneth cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum paneth cell paneth cell of anorectum A paneth cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009056 A transit amplifying cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum transit amplifying cell transit amplifying cell of anorectum A transit amplifying cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009057 A goblet cell that is located in the anorectum. goblet cell of anorectum anorectum goblet cell A goblet cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009058 An enterocyte that is located in the anorectum. anorectum enterocyte enterocyte of anorectum An enterocyte that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009059 A plasma cell that is located in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. medullary plasma cell medullary sinus plasma cell plasma cell of medullary sinus This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. plasma cell of medullary sinus of lymph node A plasma cell that is located in the medullary sinus of the lymph node. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009060 A mature B cell located in the marginal zone of the lymph node. marginal zone B cell lymph node marginal zone B cell marginal zone B cell of lymph node A mature B cell located in the marginal zone of the lymph node. WikipediaVersioned:Marginal_zone_B-cell&oldid=1032071222 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009061 An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum intestinal crypt stem cell intestinal crypt stem cell of anorectum An intestinal crypt stem cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009062 A specialized type of CD4 positive T cell, the follicular helper T cell (TFH cell), that upregulates CXCR5 expression to enable its follicular localization. These specialised T cells reside in the germinal center of the lymph node. T follicular helper cell of germinal center of lymph node T follicular helper cell of lymph node germinal center lymph node germinal center T follicular helper cell germinal center T cell A specialized type of CD4 positive T cell, the follicular helper T cell (TFH cell), that upregulates CXCR5 expression to enable its follicular localization. These specialised T cells reside in the germinal center of the lymph node. PMID:21739669 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009063 An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum enteroendocrine cell enteroendocrine cell of anorectum An enteroendocrine cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009064 A T cell located in the lymph node paracortex, where macrophages and dendritic cells present antigenic peptides to these naïve T cells, stimulating them to become activated helper T cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. paracortex T cell paracortical T cell T cell of lymph node paracortex lymph node paracortex T cell A T cell located in the lymph node paracortex, where macrophages and dendritic cells present antigenic peptides to these naïve T cells, stimulating them to become activated helper T cells or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009065 An intestinal tuft cell that is located in the anorectum. anorectum tuft cell tuft cell of anorectum An intestinal tuft cell that is located in the anorectum. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009066 A stratified squamous epithelial cell that is part of the anal canal. anal canal stratified squamous epithelial cell This is a general grouping term created for use in the EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas anatomograms. Please use a more specific cell type term for annotation if possible, given the information available to you. stratified squamous epithelial cell of anal canal A stratified squamous epithelial cell that is part of the anal canal. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 CL:0009067 An enterocyte found in the small intestine of newborn mammals and characterized by the presence of an apical canalicular system (ACS) leading to production of large vacuoles, important for colostral macromolecule uptake. After birth, the vacuolated fetal-type enterocytes are replaced with enterocytes lacking an ACS. vacuolated enterocyte early enterocyte immature enterocyte vacuolated fetal-type enterocyte An enterocyte found in the small intestine of newborn mammals and characterized by the presence of an apical canalicular system (ACS) leading to production of large vacuoles, important for colostral macromolecule uptake. After birth, the vacuolated fetal-type enterocytes are replaced with enterocytes lacking an ACS. PMID:17901585 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-9172 early enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 immature enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 CL:0009068 An unconventional T lymphocyte population within the thymic medulla that is potentially a thymic resident population. CD8aa(I) thymocyte An unconventional T lymphocyte population within the thymic medulla that is potentially a thymic resident population. PMID:32079746 CL:0009069 An unconventional T lymphocyte population within the thymic medulla that expresses both alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell signatures. CD8aa(II) thymocyte An unconventional T lymphocyte population within the thymic medulla that expresses both alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell signatures. PMID:32079746 CL:0009070 A thymic epithelial cell located at the corticomedullary junction. corticomedullary thymic epithelial cell A thymic epithelial cell located at the corticomedullary junction. PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009071 A thymic medullary epithelial cell considered to be a pre-AIRE mTEC population. medullary thymic epithelial cell type 1 A thymic medullary epithelial cell considered to be a pre-AIRE mTEC population. PMID:24084687 PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009072 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses AIRE or other canonical markers of mature mTECs like Fezf2. medullary thymic epithelial cell type 2 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses AIRE or other canonical markers of mature mTECs like Fezf2. PMID:17067941 PMID:24084687 PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009073 A thymic medullary epithelial cell considered to be a post-AIRE cell. This group of AIRE-mTECs is heterogeneous and also includes mTECs within Hassall's Corpuscles. medullary thymic epithelial cell type 3 A thymic medullary epithelial cell considered to be a post-AIRE cell. This group of AIRE-mTECs is heterogeneous and also includes mTECs within Hassall's Corpuscles. PMID:16121185 PMID:17067941 PMID:20861360 PMID:24084687 PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009074 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses typical tuft cell markers instead of classical mTEC or cTEC markers. This population has a bulbous-like structure. thymic tuft cell medullary thymic epithelial cell type 4 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses typical tuft cell markers instead of classical mTEC or cTEC markers. This population has a bulbous-like structure. PMID:30022164 PMID:32079746 CL:0009075 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses muscle-specific biomarkers. myo-medullary thymic epithelial cell A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses muscle-specific biomarkers. PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009076 A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses neuroendocrine biomarkers. neuro-medullary thymic epithelial cell A thymic medullary epithelial cell that expresses neuroendocrine biomarkers. PMID:32079746 PMID:33597545 CL:0009077 A thymic epithelial cell located within the subcapsular region of the thymus. subcapsular thymic epithelial cell A thymic epithelial cell located within the subcapsular region of the thymus. PMID:6209968 CL:0009078 A fibroblast located in the thymic capsule. thymic capsular fibroblast thymic fibroblast type 1 A fibroblast located in the thymic capsule. PMID:32079746 CL:0009079 A fibroblast located between thymic lobules. thymic interlobular fibroblast thymic fibroblast type 2 A fibroblast located between thymic lobules. PMID:32079746 CL:0009080 A tuft cell located in the small intestine. brush cell of epithelium of small intestine brush cell of epithelium proper of small intestine brush cell of small intestine tuft cell of epithelium of small intestine tuft cell of small intestine A tuft cell located in the small intestine. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009081 The human equivalent of a DN2 thymocyte; typically contains two phases, in the latter of which these thymocytes begin the process of beta selection. 2021-11-25T09:26:32Z There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in human versus mouse thymus. This term is restricted for use with human data. specified double negative thymocyte (Homo sapiens) The human equivalent of a DN2 thymocyte; typically contains two phases, in the latter of which these thymocytes begin the process of beta selection. PMID:32304633 CL:0009082 The human equivalent of a DN3 thymocyte; these thymocytes finish the process of beta selection. 2021-11-25T09:30:45Z There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in human versus mouse thymus. This term is restricted for use with human data. committed double negative thymocyte (Homo sapiens) The human equivalent of a DN3 thymocyte; these thymocytes finish the process of beta selection. PMID:32304633 CL:0009083 The human equivalent of a DN4 thymocyte. 2021-11-25T09:32:13Z There is growing evidence that molecular markers characterizing double negative thymocytes are different across species, especially in human versus mouse thymus. This term is restricted for use with human data. rearranging double negative thymocyte (Homo sapiens) The human equivalent of a DN4 thymocyte. PMID:32304633 CL:0009084 An epithelial cell that is part of an endometrial gland. 2021-11-30T16:13:30Z EFO:0010710 endometrial glandular epithelial cell epithelial cell of endometrial gland An epithelial cell that is part of an endometrial gland. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009085 An adult endothelial progenitor cell characterised in vivo by homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. They may form discrete colonies. 2022-02-18T09:55:33Z CFU-Hill colony forming unit – Hill cell An adult endothelial progenitor cell characterised in vivo by homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. They may form discrete colonies. WikipediaVersioned:Endothelial_progenitor_cell&oldid=1069930016#Colony_forming_unit_–_Hill CL:0009086 An endothelial cell that is part of a respiratory system lymphatic vessel. 2021-12-03T14:00:44Z EFO:0010667 endothelial cell of respiratory system lymphatic vessel An endothelial cell that is part of a respiratory system lymphatic vessel. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009087 An extravillous trophoblast that is polynuclear. 2021-12-03T14:37:32Z EFO:0010712 fused EVT fused extravillous trophoblast An extravillous trophoblast that is polynuclear. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009088 An adult endothelial progenitor cell characterised in vivo by homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. These cells do not form colonies. 2022-02-18T10:12:57Z circulating angiogenic cell An adult endothelial progenitor cell characterised in vivo by homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. These cells do not form colonies. WikipediaVersioned:Endothelial_progenitor_cell&oldid=1069930016#Circulating_angiogenic_cell CL:0009089 A pericyte cell that is part of a lung. 2021-12-03T17:13:33Z EFO:0010669 lung pericyte cell pulmonary pericyte lung pericyte A pericyte cell that is part of a lung. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009090 An adult endothelial progenitor cell that is resident of adult vasculature and capable of differentiating to regenerate endothelial cell populations. Endothelial colony forming cells are characterised in vivo by clonal proliferative status, de novo vessel formation, homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. These cells are phenotypically similar to endothelial cells. 2022-02-18T10:15:32Z ECFC endothelial colony forming cell An adult endothelial progenitor cell that is resident of adult vasculature and capable of differentiating to regenerate endothelial cell populations. Endothelial colony forming cells are characterised in vivo by clonal proliferative status, de novo vessel formation, homing to ischemic sites and paracrine support of angiogenesis. These cells are phenotypically similar to endothelial cells. PMID:33419165 WikipediaVersioned:Endothelial_colony_forming_cell&oldid=1068242094 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-0473 CL:0009091 A stem cell found in the interstitial compartment of the neonatal testis; it is capable of self-renewal as well as differentiation into steroidogenic cells (adult Leydig cells). Intermediate stages of development include progenitor Leydig cells and immature Leydig cells. 2022-02-18T14:09:25Z stem Leydig cell Leydig stem cell A stem cell found in the interstitial compartment of the neonatal testis; it is capable of self-renewal as well as differentiation into steroidogenic cells (adult Leydig cells). Intermediate stages of development include progenitor Leydig cells and immature Leydig cells. PMID:21181888 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-0473 CL:0009092 An endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. 2021-12-13T13:53:01Z EFO:0010708 placental endothelial cell endothelial cell of placenta An endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009093 A smooth muscle cell that is part of a placenta. 2021-12-13T13:56:42Z EFO:0010709 placental smooth muscle cell smooth muscle cell of placenta A smooth muscle cell that is part of a placenta. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009094 An endothelial cell that is part of a hepatic portal vein. 2021-12-13T14:01:05Z portal endothelial cell EFO:0010704 endothelial cell of hepatic portal vein An endothelial cell that is part of a hepatic portal vein. PMID:30348985 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009095 An endothelial cell that is part of a uterus. 2021-12-13T14:39:25Z EFO:0010711 uterine endothelial cell endothelial cell of uterus An endothelial cell that is part of a uterus. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-1876 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4183-8865 CL:0009096 Any cell that is part of the esophageal non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. In humans, the esophagus, which requires flexibility to accommodate swallowing of a bolus, is covered with a non-keratinized epithelium. 2022-02-21T15:00:13Z esophageal non-keratinized squamous epithelial cell esophageal nonkeratinized squamous epithelial cell esophagus non-keratinizing squamous epithelial cell esophagus nonkeratinizing squamous epithelial cell non-keratinized squamous epithelial cell of esophagus non-keratinizing squamous epithelial cell of esophagus nonkeratinized squamous epithelial cell of esophagus nonkeratinizing squamous epithelial cell of esophagus esophagus non-keratinized squamous epithelial cell Any cell that is part of the esophageal non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. In humans, the esophagus, which requires flexibility to accommodate swallowing of a bolus, is covered with a non-keratinized epithelium. PMID:11694559 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2034-601X CL:0009097 A skeletal muscle fiber found in an embryo. In mammalian embryos, skeletal muscle expresses myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-emb, encoded by the MYH3 gene), which regulates skeletal muscle development. 2022-02-21T15:39:10Z embryonic skeletal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber found in an embryo. In mammalian embryos, skeletal muscle expresses myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-emb, encoded by the MYH3 gene), which regulates skeletal muscle development. PMID:32094117 PMID:7196501 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2034-601X CL:0009098 A skeletal muscle fiber found at the fetal and neonatal stages. In mammalian fetuses and neonates, skeletal muscle expresses myosin heavy chain-neonatal (MyHC-neo, encoded by the MYH8 gene). This expression disappears shortly after birth and is replaced by expression of adult heavy chain myosins. 2022-02-21T15:43:16Z fetal and neonatal skeletal muscle fiber A skeletal muscle fiber found at the fetal and neonatal stages. In mammalian fetuses and neonates, skeletal muscle expresses myosin heavy chain-neonatal (MyHC-neo, encoded by the MYH8 gene). This expression disappears shortly after birth and is replaced by expression of adult heavy chain myosins. PMID:26180627 PMID:7196501 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2034-601X CL:0009099 A progenitor cell that is a tissue-resident mesenchymal cell, important for skeletal muscle regeneration, and able to differentiate into both adipocytes or fibroblasts. 2022-02-21T16:50:02Z fibro/adipogenic progenitor fibro/adipogenic progenitor cell A progenitor cell that is a tissue-resident mesenchymal cell, important for skeletal muscle regeneration, and able to differentiate into both adipocytes or fibroblasts. PMID:20081841 PMID:22045730 PMID:24605102 CL:0009100 A fibroblast located in the portal triad. Hepatic portal fibroblast are a non-parenchymal cell population located adjacent to bile duct epithelia in liver and are distinct from stellate cells. They differentiate into fibrogenic myofibroblasts during chronic injury states producing high levels of collagen. 2022-03-17T12:00:44Z portal fibroblast hepatic portal fibroblast A fibroblast located in the portal triad. Hepatic portal fibroblast are a non-parenchymal cell population located adjacent to bile duct epithelia in liver and are distinct from stellate cells. They differentiate into fibrogenic myofibroblasts during chronic injury states producing high levels of collagen. PMID:20209607 PMID:24814904 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009101 A reticular cell involved in directing B cells and T cells to specific regions within a tissue. 2022-03-21T15:20:33Z fibroblastic reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 CL:0009102 A specialized, fibroblastic reticular cell of mesenchymal origin found in lymph nodes. In human, it expresses several markers common to myofibroblasts (desmin, vimentin, CD73, CD90, α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)), and can be differentiated from endothelial cells by its lack of CD31 expression. These cells are critical for the overall organization and function of the lymph node. Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) can be further classified based on their location, function, and unique marker expression. 2022-03-21T15:24:01Z fibroblastic reticular cell lymph node fibroblastic reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A specialized, fibroblastic reticular cell of mesenchymal origin found in lymph nodes. In human, it expresses several markers common to myofibroblasts (desmin, vimentin, CD73, CD90, α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)), and can be differentiated from endothelial cells by its lack of CD31 expression. These cells are critical for the overall organization and function of the lymph node. Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) can be further classified based on their location, function, and unique marker expression. PMID:21435450 PMID:22566825 PMID:25998961 PMID:28262465 PMID:29752062 PMID:34256989 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009103 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node subcapsular sinus. 2022-03-21T15:59:56Z marginal reticular cell lymph node marginal reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node subcapsular sinus. PMID:21435450 PMID:22566825 PMID:25998961 PMID:28262465 PMID:29752062 PMID:34256989 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009104 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node germinal center dark zone (B cell zone). 2022-03-21T16:55:46Z lymph node germinal center dark zone fibroblastic reticular cell T-B boundary reticular cell B cell zone reticular cells share similarities with Ch25h-expresssing Ccl19lo T reticular cells found at the B cell follicle T zone interface of mouse lymph nodes. B cell zone reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node germinal center dark zone (B cell zone). PMID:21435450 PMID:22566825 PMID:25998961 PMID:28262465 PMID:29752062 PMID:34256989 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009105 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node T cell domain. 2022-03-21T17:19:56Z lymph node T cell domain fibroblastic reticular cell interfollicular reticular cell T cell zone reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A fibroblastic reticular cell found in the lymph node T cell domain. PMID:21435450 PMID:22566825 PMID:25998961 PMID:28262465 PMID:29752062 PMID:34256989 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 interfollicular reticular cell PMID:34256989 CL:0009106 A specialized fibroblast found in the medulla of lymph node. 2022-03-22T09:03:15Z lymph node medullary reticular cell medullary reticular cell of lymph node MedRC Origin and phenotype of medullary reticular cells are less well understood in humans than in mice. medullary reticular cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 A specialized fibroblast found in the medulla of lymph node. PMID:21435450 PMID:22566825 PMID:25998961 PMID:28262465 PMID:29752062 PMID:33981032 PMID:34256989 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 MedRC CL:0009107 A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the subcapsular sinus ceiling of a lymph node. In human, it's characterized by a unique marker expression (NT5e+ and Caveolin-1+). 2022-03-22T10:30:28Z lymphatic endothelial cell of subcapsular sinus ceiling of lymph node lymphatic endothelial cell of subcapsular sinus ceiling A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the subcapsular sinus ceiling of a lymph node. In human, it's characterized by a unique marker expression (NT5e+ and Caveolin-1+). PMID:31402260 PMID:32426372 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009108 A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the subcapsular sinus floor of a lymph node. In human, it's characterized by a unique marker expression (TNFRSF9+). 2022-03-22T10:39:28Z lymphatic endothelial cell of subcapsular sinus floor of lymph node lymphatic endothelial cell of subcapsular sinus floor A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the subcapsular sinus floor of a lymph node. In human, it's characterized by a unique marker expression (TNFRSF9+). PMID:31402260 PMID:32426372 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009109 A lymphatic endothelial cell located in a lymph node trabecula. 2022-03-23T15:08:44Z lymphatic endothelial cell of lymph node trabecula lymphatic endothelial cell of trabeculae lymphatic endothelial cell of trabecula A lymphatic endothelial cell located in a lymph node trabecula. PMID:31402260 PMID:32426372 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009110 A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the ceiling part of a lymph node medulla. 2022-03-23T15:13:30Z lymphatic endothelial cell of lymph node medulla ceiling lymphatic endothelial cell of medulla ceiling A lymphatic endothelial cell located in the ceiling part of a lymph node medulla. PMID:31402260 PMID:32426372 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009111 A germinal center B cell found in a lymph node germinal center light zone. 2022-03-24T09:03:44Z lymph node centrocyte centrocyte A germinal center B cell found in a lymph node germinal center light zone. PMID:17067937 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009112 A germinal center B cell found in a lymph node germinal center dark zone. 2022-03-24T09:12:41Z lymph node centroblast centroblast A germinal center B cell found in a lymph node germinal center dark zone. PMID:17067937 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009113 A regulatory T cell present in the B cell follicles and germinal centers of lymphoid tissues. In humans, it is CXCR5+. 2022-03-24T09:36:29Z follicular regulatory T cell T follicular regulatory cell A regulatory T cell present in the B cell follicles and germinal centers of lymphoid tissues. In humans, it is CXCR5+. PMID:15578096 PMID:26501424 PMID:29769249 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009114 A B cell found in the perisinusoidal area of a lymph node. In humans, monocytoid B cells are a morphologically distinct B cell population (oval nuclei, abundant cytoplasm, monocyte-like appearance), share many similarities with marginal zone B cells including marker expression, and are increased in disease settings. 2022-03-24T10:18:12Z monocytoid B cell A B cell found in the perisinusoidal area of a lymph node. In humans, monocytoid B cells are a morphologically distinct B cell population (oval nuclei, abundant cytoplasm, monocyte-like appearance), share many similarities with marginal zone B cells including marker expression, and are increased in disease settings. PMID:33324003 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009115 An endothelial cell located in a lymph node lymphatic vessel. lymph node lymphatic vessel endothelial cell https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1472 An endothelial cell located in a lymph node lymphatic vessel. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 CL:0009116 A progenitor cell with the potential to differentiate into luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands. In mouse, CD61 and c-kit were found to be coexpressed by the majority of, but not all, committed luminal progenitor cells. luminal progenitor cell progenitor cell of luminal mammary epithelium progenitor cell of mammary luminal epithelium A progenitor cell with the potential to differentiate into luminal epithelial cells of mammary glands. In mouse, CD61 and c-kit were found to be coexpressed by the majority of, but not all, committed luminal progenitor cells. PMID:19063729 PMID:20346151 PMID:21930782 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-7970 CL:0010000 A hair follicle matrix region cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the hair bulb to become the hair medulla cortex and hair root sheath. keratinized cell of hair follicle A hair follicle matrix region cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the hair bulb to become the hair medulla cortex and hair root sheath. CL:0010001 A stromal cell that is part_of a bone marrow. bone marrow stromal cell stromal cell of bone marrow CL:0010002 An epithelial cell that is part_of a umbilical artery. umbilical artery epithelial cell epithelial cell of umbilical artery CL:0010003 An epithelial cell that is part_of a alveolus of lung. MESH:D056809 alveolus of lung epithelial cell May be merged with pneumocyte in future epithelial cell of alveolus of lung CL:0010004 A mononuclear cell that is part_of a bone marrow. bone marrow mononuclear cell mononuclear cell of bone marrow CL:0010005 A specialized cardiomyocyte that transmit signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. AV bundle cell atrioventricular bundle cell A specialized cardiomyocyte that transmit signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. GOC:mtg_heart CL:0010006 cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell CL:0010007 His-Purkinje system cell CL:0010008 cardiac endothelial cell CL:0010009 camera type eye photoreceptor cell camera-type eye photoreceptor cell CL:0010010 cerebellar stellate cell CL:0010011 A GABAergic interneuron whose soma is located in the cerebral cortex. cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron A GABAergic interneuron whose soma is located in the cerebral cortex. GOC:dos CL:0010012 A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. BTO:0004102 FMA:84104 cortical neuron neuron of cerebral cortex cerebral cortex neuron https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/issues/1359 A CNS neuron of the cerebral cortex. GOC:tfm CL:0010013 light pinealocyte type I pinealocyte CL:0010014 dark pinealocyte type II pinealocyte CL:0010015 A highly specialized cell type exclusive to and forming neuroepithelium of the Saccus vasculosus, covering the caudal diverticulum of the infundibular recess. Editor note: remember to link to Saccus vasculosus in next uberon release coronet cell A highly specialized cell type exclusive to and forming neuroepithelium of the Saccus vasculosus, covering the caudal diverticulum of the infundibular recess. GOC:mr PMID:17595538 CL:0010016 A cell with a flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. The motion of the flagellum draws water past the microvilli, serving either a feeding or sensory function. Collar cells are found in multiple animals, including sponges, echinoderms, and cnidarians. They are also found outside animals in the choanoflagellates. Although collar cells are superficially similar, their cytoskeletal structure and functional biology are different in different groups of organisms. collar cell A cell with a flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. The motion of the flagellum draws water past the microvilli, serving either a feeding or sensory function. Collar cells are found in multiple animals, including sponges, echinoderms, and cnidarians. They are also found outside animals in the choanoflagellates. Although collar cells are superficially similar, their cytoskeletal structure and functional biology are different in different groups of organisms. PMID:25840473 CL:0010017 A zygote in a plant or an animal. MESH:D015053 zygote CL:0010020 cardiac glial cell CL:0010021 MESH:D032386 cardiac myoblast CL:0010022 A neuron that has its soma in the heart. This term is used in 3 GO terms that were created as part of the heart development focus project. cardiac neuron https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/pull/1488 A neuron that has its soma in the heart. PMID:12486170 PMID:29265764 CL:0011000 A CNS interneuron located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. dorsal spinal cord interneuron dorsal horn interneuron true A CNS interneuron located in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. GOC:nv CL:0011001 A motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. spinal cord motor neuron true A motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. GOC:nv CL:0011002 A motor neuron that is generated only on limb levels and send axons into the limb mesenchyme. Need to MIREOT in 'spinal cord lateral column' from Uberon lateral motor column neuron A motor neuron that is generated only on limb levels and send axons into the limb mesenchyme. GOC:nv CL:0011003 A neurosecretory neuron residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, that is capable of secreting the hormones oxytocin or vasopressin, and sometimes both, into the systemic circulation. ILX:0107463 magnocellular neuron magnocellular neurosecretory cell A neurosecretory neuron residing mainly in the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei and in a number of smaller accessory cell groups between these two nuclei, that is capable of secreting the hormones oxytocin or vasopressin, and sometimes both, into the systemic circulation. GOC:nv MP:0009467 PMID:10711808 CL:0011004 A vetebrate lens cell that is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. lens fibre cell lens fiber cell A vetebrate lens cell that is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye. GO:0070307 GOC:nv CL:0011005 An interneuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter. These interneurons are inhibitory GABAergic inhibitory interneuron The formal and textual definitions of this term will need to be altered if evidence for non-inhibitory GABA-ergic neurons emerges. GABAergic interneuron An interneuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter. These interneurons are inhibitory GOC:CellBLAST GOC:nv PMID:29724907 CL:0011006 An inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. Lugaro cell An inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex. GOC:nv CL:0011007 A cell in the area of mesoderm in the neurulating embryo that flanks and forms simultaneously with the neural tube. The cells of this region give rise to somites. paraxial mesoderm cell somitic mesoderm cell presomitic mesoderm cell paraxial cell A cell in the area of mesoderm in the neurulating embryo that flanks and forms simultaneously with the neural tube. The cells of this region give rise to somites. GOC:NV PMID:11687492 CL:0011008 A hemocyte derived from the embryonic head mesoderm, which enters the hemolymph as a circulating cell. embryonic hemocyte A hemocyte derived from the embryonic head mesoderm, which enters the hemolymph as a circulating cell. GOC:NV PMID:17967061 CL:0011009 A plasmatocyte derived from the embryonic head mesoderm. embryonic plasmatocyte A plasmatocyte derived from the embryonic head mesoderm. GOC:NV PMID:17967061 CL:0011010 A cell derived from the mesoderm that is found at the periphery of the embryo. lateral mesodermal cell A cell derived from the mesoderm that is found at the periphery of the embryo. GOC:NV PMID:9169844 CL:0011011 A cell derived from the mesoderm that is located between the paraxial mesoderm and the lateral plate. intermediate mesodermal cell A cell derived from the mesoderm that is located between the paraxial mesoderm and the lateral plate. GOC:NV ISBN:978-0-87969-707-5 CL:0011012 A cell of the neural crest. Neural crest cells are multipotent. Premigratory neural crest cells are found at the neural plate boarder, some of which will undergo ectomesynchymal transition and delamination to form migratory neural crest cells. neural crest cell A cell of the neural crest. Neural crest cells are multipotent. Premigratory neural crest cells are found at the neural plate boarder, some of which will undergo ectomesynchymal transition and delamination to form migratory neural crest cells. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9900-7880 CL:0011013 A sperm cell that is cabaple of motion (motility). motile sperm cell A sperm cell that is cabaple of motion (motility). PMID:30612620 CL:0011014 A sperm cell that is not cabaple of motion (motility). non-motile sperm cell A sperm cell that is not cabaple of motion (motility). PMID:30612620 CL:0011015 A motile sperm cell that contain no F-actin, and their motility is powered by a dynamic filament system. amoeboid sperm cell A motile sperm cell that contain no F-actin, and their motility is powered by a dynamic filament system. PMID:17708982 CL:0011016 A motile sperm cell that contains a slender threadlike microscopic appendage that enables motion. flagellated sperm cell A motile sperm cell that contains a slender threadlike microscopic appendage that enables motion. PMID:30612620 https://www.lexico.com/en/definition/flagellum CL:0011017 Cell that is part of the vagal neural crest population. The vagal neural crest arises from the axial level of somites 1-7 and has been described as a hybrid between the head and the trunk populations. vagal neural crest cell Cell that is part of the vagal neural crest population. The vagal neural crest arises from the axial level of somites 1-7 and has been described as a hybrid between the head and the trunk populations. PMID:22016183 CL:0011018 A group 3 innate lymphoid cell that express ROR gamma t and IL-7R alpha in the absence of lineage markers (e.g. CD3, CD19, B220, CD11c, Gr-1), with the functional ability to interact with mesenchymal cells through lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor. Lymphoid tissue-inducer cells are key to the development of lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches. LTi lymphoid tissue inducer cell lymphoid tissue–inducer cell A group 3 innate lymphoid cell that express ROR gamma t and IL-7R alpha in the absence of lineage markers (e.g. CD3, CD19, B220, CD11c, Gr-1), with the functional ability to interact with mesenchymal cells through lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor. Lymphoid tissue-inducer cells are key to the development of lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches. GOC:add PMID:19029905 PMID:21601793 PMID:27935637 PMID:29454785 PMID:9354470 CL:0011019 A mesothelial cell that is part of the epicardium. mesothelial cell of epicardium CL:0011020 An undifferentiated cell that originates from a neural stem cell and has the capacity to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors but not to self-renew. neural progenitor cell An undifferentiated cell that originates from a neural stem cell and has the capacity to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors but not to self-renew. PMID:30574073 CL:0011021 A fibroblast that is part of upper back skin. fibroblast of upper back skin CL:0011022 A fibroblast that is part of skin of back. fibroblast of skin of back CL:0011023 A mast cell that is CD25+. CD25+ neoplastic mast cell Mast cells do not normally express CD25, but neoplastic mast cells may be CD25-positive. CD25+ mast cell CL:0011024 A double negative thymocyte that is CD3-positive, CD4-negative, CD8-negative, that that are present in the periphery in very low numbers and predominantly produce INF-gamma, TNF-alpha, and a low amount of TGF-beta, but not IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 or IL-13 upon activation. CD4-negative, CD8-negative, alpha-beta regulatory T cells DN Treg double-negative alpha-beta regulatory T cell double negative T regulatory cell A double negative thymocyte that is CD3-positive, CD4-negative, CD8-negative, that that are present in the periphery in very low numbers and predominantly produce INF-gamma, TNF-alpha, and a low amount of TGF-beta, but not IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 or IL-13 upon activation. PMID:16285891 CL:0011025 An effector T cell that displays impaired effector functions (e.g., rapid production of effector cytokines, cytotoxicity) and has limited proliferative potential. Tex cell exhausted T cell An effector T cell that displays impaired effector functions (e.g., rapid production of effector cytokines, cytotoxicity) and has limited proliferative potential. PMID:26544946 CL:0011026 A precursor cell that has a tendency to differentiate into a specific type of cell. They are descendants of stem cells, only they are more constrained in their differentiation potential or capacity for self-renewal, and are often more limited in both senses. progenitor cell A precursor cell that has a tendency to differentiate into a specific type of cell. They are descendants of stem cells, only they are more constrained in their differentiation potential or capacity for self-renewal, and are often more limited in both senses. ISBN:978-1-62808-994-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409503-8.00002-0 CL:0011027 Any fibroblast that is part of skeletal muscle tissue. skeleton muscle fibroblast skeletal muscle fibroblast Any fibroblast that is part of skeletal muscle tissue. PMID:28369879 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-0667 CL:0011028 BTO:0002771 A neural-crest derived glial cell that supports the growth and survival of primary olfactory neuroons from the neuroepithelium in the nasal cavity to the brain by encasing large bundles of numerous unmyelinated axons. OEC olfactory ensheathing cell A neural-crest derived glial cell that supports the growth and survival of primary olfactory neuroons from the neuroepithelium in the nasal cavity to the brain by encasing large bundles of numerous unmyelinated axons. PMID:22456085 CL:0011029 An explosive cell containing one giant secretory organelle called a cnidocyst (also known as a cnida (plural cnidae) or nematocyst) that contains a toxin responsible for the stings delivered by a cnidarian to other organisms. Cnidae are used to capture prey and as a defense against predators. The presence of cnidocytes defines the phylum Cnidaria (corals, sea anemones, hydrae, jellyfish, etc.). cnidoblast nematocyte cnidocyte An explosive cell containing one giant secretory organelle called a cnidocyst (also known as a cnida (plural cnidae) or nematocyst) that contains a toxin responsible for the stings delivered by a cnidarian to other organisms. Cnidae are used to capture prey and as a defense against predators. The presence of cnidocytes defines the phylum Cnidaria (corals, sea anemones, hydrae, jellyfish, etc.). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnidocyte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-0621 CL:0011030 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of the dermis. DMEC cell dermal microvascular endothelium cell dermal microvascular endothelial cell Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of the dermis. BTO:0004574 CL:patterns/cellPartOfAnatomicalEntity CL:0011031 A dendritic cell that develops from a monocyte. MDDC cell monocyte-derived dendritic cell A dendritic cell that develops from a monocyte. BTO:0002900 PMID:30719026 PMID:32733468 CL:0011032 An enterocyte that possesses a large supranuclear vacuolar system that preferentially internalizes dietary protein via receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis for intracellular digestion and trans-cellular transport. In zebrafish these cells are located in the posterior region of the mid intestine throughout life. In mammals they are found in the ileum pre-weaning and later are replaced by mature enterocytes. vacuolated enterocyte LRE early enterocyte immature enterocyte lysosome-rich enterocyte An enterocyte that possesses a large supranuclear vacuolar system that preferentially internalizes dietary protein via receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis for intracellular digestion and trans-cellular transport. In zebrafish these cells are located in the posterior region of the mid intestine throughout life. In mammals they are found in the ileum pre-weaning and later are replaced by mature enterocytes. PMID:31474562 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1009-339X https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2244-7917 early enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 immature enterocyte PMID:33290721 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-7627 CL:0011100 Neuron that secretes the neurotransmitter galanin. galanergic neuron Neuron that secretes the neurotransmitter galanin. GOC:NV PMID:23159249 ZFIN:CVS ZFIN:YB CL:0011101 Cells of the uterine chorion that acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize chorionic trophoblasts. These cells will migrate towards the spongiotrophoblast layer and give rise to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine layer. chorionic trophoblast cell Cells of the uterine chorion that acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize chorionic trophoblasts. These cells will migrate towards the spongiotrophoblast layer and give rise to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine layer. GOC:NV CL:0011102 Parasympathetic neurons are part of the parasympathetic nervous sysem and the cell bodies lie in the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord. The neurons are mainly cholinergic. parasympathetic neuron Parasympathetic neurons are part of the parasympathetic nervous sysem and the cell bodies lie in the brain and sacral region of the spinal cord. The neurons are mainly cholinergic. GOC:NV isbn:0080923437 CL:0011103 Sympathetic neurons are part of the sympathetic nervous system and are primarily adrenergic producing the neurotransmitter noradrenalin along with other neuropeptides. sympathetic neuron Sympathetic neurons are part of the sympathetic nervous system and are primarily adrenergic producing the neurotransmitter noradrenalin along with other neuropeptides. GOC:NV isbn:0080923437 CL:0011104 A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer. Need to MIREOT retinal inner nuclear layer (part of) interplexiform cell A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer. GOC:NV PMID:12771169 CL:0011105 A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer, using dopamine. This type of cell is found in Danio rerio. dopamanergic interplexiform cell A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer, using dopamine. GOC:NV PMID:12771169 CL:0011106 A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer using GABA. This type of cell is found in many mammals. GABAnergic interplexiform cell A type of interneuron in the retinal inner nuclear layer which carries information from the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer using GABA. GOC:NV PMID:12771169 CL:0011107 OBSOLETE: Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. Muller glia Müller cell Term was duplicated, use CL:0000636 instead obsolete Muller cell true OBSOLETE: Astrocyte-like radial glial cell that extends vertically throughout the retina, with the nucleus are usually in the middle of the inner nuclear layer. GOC:NV PMID:21911394 CL:0011108 Epithelial cell that is part of the colon epithelium. colonic epithelial cell colon epithelial cell Epithelial cell that is part of the colon epithelium. GOC:NV CL:0011109 A neuron that releases hypocretin as a neurotransmitter. orexin hypocretin-secreting neuron A neuron that releases hypocretin as a neurotransmitter. GOC:NV PMID:23848055 CL:0011110 Neuron that secretes histamine. FBbt:00007367 histaminergic neuron Neuron that secretes histamine. GOC:NV PMID:22677810 CL:0011111 A neuroendocrine cell that secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). A GnRH neuron is born in the nasal placode during embryonic development and migrates through the nose and forebrain to the hypothalamus. This cell regulates reproduction by secreting GnRH into the pituitary portal vessels to induce the release of gonadotropins into the general circulation. GnRH neuron GnRH-secreting neuron gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron A neuroendocrine cell that secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). A GnRH neuron is born in the nasal placode during embryonic development and migrates through the nose and forebrain to the hypothalamus. This cell regulates reproduction by secreting GnRH into the pituitary portal vessels to induce the release of gonadotropins into the general circulation. GOC:NV PMID:21828096 CL:0011112 OBSOLETE: Neurons part of the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei that secrete the hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin into the systemic circulation from the posterior pituitary gland. Duplicated term, please see CL:0011003 instead obsolete magnocellular neurosecretory cell true OBSOLETE: Neurons part of the hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei that secrete the hormones, oxytocin and vasopressin into the systemic circulation from the posterior pituitary gland. GOC:NV PMID:10711808 CL:0011113 Neuron found in the spiral ganglion. spiral ganglion neuron Neuron found in the spiral ganglion. GOC:NV CL:0011114 A segmented neutrophilic cell of the bone marrow reserve pool that expresses CD11b (integrin alpha-M) and high levels of CD16 (low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III) on its cell surface. segmented neutrophil of bone marrow A segmented neutrophilic cell of the bone marrow reserve pool that expresses CD11b (integrin alpha-M) and high levels of CD16 (low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III) on its cell surface. PMID:11138622 PMID:15514007 CL:0011115 A cell that, by division or terminal differentiation, can give rise to other cell types. Work is needed on GO 'cell differentiation' before it is clear whether the equivalent class definition 'native cell' that capable_of some 'cell differentiation' works. Also, may want to consider merging this with non-terminally differentiated cell. precursor cell A cell that, by division or terminal differentiation, can give rise to other cell types. GOC:dos CL:0012000 An astrocyte of the forebrain. forebrain astrocyte astrocyte of the forebrain true CL:0012001 A CNS neuron of the forebrain. forebrain neuron neuron of the forebrain true CL:0013000 forebrain radial glial cell CL:0015000 Motor neuron that innervate muscles that control eye, jaw, and facial movements of the vertebrate head and parasympathetic neurons that innervate certain glands and organs. PMID:14699587 cranial motoneuron cranial motor neuron Motor neuron that innervate muscles that control eye, jaw, and facial movements of the vertebrate head and parasympathetic neurons that innervate certain glands and organs. ZFIN:CVS CL:0017000 An ionocyte that is part of the lung epithelium. The cells from this type are major sources of the CFTR protein in human and mice. pulmonary ionocyte An ionocyte that is part of the lung epithelium. The cells from this type are major sources of the CFTR protein in human and mice. PMID:30069044 PMID:30069046 CL:0017001 A mesodermal cell that is part of the splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm. splanchnic mesodermal cell CL:0017002 A neuroendocrine cell that is part of the prostate epithelium. neuroendocrine cell of prostate epithelium neuroendocrine cell of the prostate prostate neuroendocrine cell A neuroendocrine cell that is part of the prostate epithelium. PMID:33842835 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7772-9578 CL:0017003 An epithelial cell that is part of the prostatic urethra. epithelial cell of prostatic urethra An epithelial cell that is part of the prostatic urethra. PMID:30566875 CL:0017004 A supportive cell with a small, oval-shaped body and one to five telopodes. Telopodes are cytoplasmic protrusions from tens to hundreds of micrometers long and mostly below 0.2 microns of caliber. interstitial Cajal cell-like cell interstitial Cajal-like cell ICLC interstitial neuron Telocytes manage to develop complex networks in almost all organs of the human body. Although staining positively for vimentin antibody, some uncertainty still persists over the mesenchymal origin of these cells. telocyte A supportive cell with a small, oval-shaped body and one to five telopodes. Telopodes are cytoplasmic protrusions from tens to hundreds of micrometers long and mostly below 0.2 microns of caliber. MESH:D000067170 PMID:20367664 PMID:28714595 PMID:31311805 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telocyte interstitial Cajal cell-like cell PMID:20367664 interstitial Cajal-like cell PMID:20367664 ICLC PMID:20367664 interstitial neuron PMID:31311805 Telocytes manage to develop complex networks in almost all organs of the human body. Although staining positively for vimentin antibody, some uncertainty still persists over the mesenchymal origin of these cells. CL:0017005 A lymphocyte that has gotten larger after being stimulated by an antigen. 2022-08-17T14:20:01Z BTO:0000772 EFO:0000572 FMA:83030 lymphoblast A lymphocyte that has gotten larger after being stimulated by an antigen. NCIT:C13013 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-8331 CL:0017006 A lymphocyte of B lineage that has gotten larger after being stimulated by an antigen. 2022-08-17T14:30:32Z EFO:0005293 FMA:83031 B-lymphoblast A lymphocyte of B lineage that has gotten larger after being stimulated by an antigen. EFO:0005293 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-0621 CL:0017009 A human dendritic cell that expresses the AXL and SIGLEC6 genes. 2022-08-25T14:18:37Z AS DC, human Axl+ dendritic cell, human A human dendritic cell that expresses the AXL and SIGLEC6 genes. PMID:28428369 PMID:29221729 PMID:31156637 CL:0017010 A hillock cell that is part of the urethra. 2022-10-13T13:51:35Z hillock cell of urethra hillock cell of urethral epithelium A hillock cell that is part of the urethra. PMID:30566875 CL:0017011 A hillock cell that is part of the prostatic urethra. 2022-10-13T13:58:15Z hillock cell of prostatic urethra hillock cell of prostatic urethral epithelium A hillock cell that is part of the prostatic urethra. PMID:30566875 CL:0017500 Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, pale-pink, with Wright-Giemsa stain. 2010-05-25T01:36:34Z neutrophillic cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, pale-pink, with Wright-Giemsa stain. GOC:add CL:0017501 Nucleus with two or more lobes connected by a thin filament that contains no internal chromatin. 2009-12-22T03:54:43Z Obsoleted because duplicate with GO term. obsolete lobed nucleus true Nucleus with two or more lobes connected by a thin filament that contains no internal chromatin. GOC:tfm CL:0017502 Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, red or pink, with Eosin stain. 2009-12-22T04:23:25Z eosinophilic acidophilic cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits a characteristic staining and color, red or pink, with Eosin stain. GOC:add CL:0017503 Cytoplasm that exhibits molecular interaction for basic dyes under specific pH conditions. 2009-12-22T04:24:54Z basophilic cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits molecular interaction for basic dyes under specific pH conditions. GOC:tfm CL:0017504 Cytoplasm that exhibits affinity for both basic and acid stains under specific pH conditions. 2009-12-28T04:25:23Z polychromatophilic cytoplasm Cytoplasm that exhibits affinity for both basic and acid stains under specific pH conditions. GOC:tfm CL:0017505 OBSOLETE. A nucleus size quality which is relatively high compared to the amount of cytoplasm present in the same cell. 2009-12-23T10:53:24Z This class was a phenotype, not a cell type. obsolete increased nucleus size true OBSOLETE. A nucleus size quality which is relatively high compared to the amount of cytoplasm present in the same cell. GOC:tfm CL:0017506 A concave nuclear shape where the nucleus is indented to more than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin, but in no area is the chromatin condensed to a single filament. 2009-12-23T02:18:43Z banded nucleus A concave nuclear shape where the nucleus is indented to more than half the distance to the farthest nuclear margin, but in no area is the chromatin condensed to a single filament. GOC:tfm CL:0017507 A concave nucleus shape where the indentation is smaller than half of the distance to the farthest nuclear margin. 2009-12-23T02:31:25Z reniform nucleus A concave nucleus shape where the indentation is smaller than half of the distance to the farthest nuclear margin. GOC:tfm CL:0017508 Heterochromatin that is arranged in a carthwheel pattern. 2009-12-28T04:28:35Z cartwheel heterochromatin Heterochromatin that is arranged in a carthwheel pattern. GOC:tfm CL:0017509 alobate nucleus CL:0019001 Any serous secreting cell that is part of the tracheobronchial epithelium. 2020-05-07T16:03:27Z serous cell of tracheobronchial tree tracheobronchial serous cell CL:0019002 Any chondrocyte that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. 2020-05-07T17:29:51Z chondrocyte of tracheobronchial tree tracheobronchial chondrocyte CL:0019003 Any goblet cell that is part of the tracheobronchial epithelium. 2020-05-07T18:14:52Z goblet cell of tracheobronchial tree tracheobronchial goblet cell CL:0019015 An eosinophil with a ring-shaped nucleus that is resident in the lung parenchyma. In mouse, lung parenchyma resident eosinophils are IL-5-independent Siglec-F(intermediate) CD62L+ CD101(low). In human, they are Siglec-8+ CD62L+ IL-3R(low). 2020-05-26T09:42:19Z lung-resident eosinophil rEos lung parenchyma resident eosinophil An eosinophil with a ring-shaped nucleus that is resident in the lung parenchyma. In mouse, lung parenchyma resident eosinophils are IL-5-independent Siglec-F(intermediate) CD62L+ CD101(low). In human, they are Siglec-8+ CD62L+ IL-3R(low). PMID:27548519 lung-resident eosinophil PMID:27548519 rEos PMID:27548519 CL:0019017 A smooth muscle cell that is part of any lymphatic vessel. 2020-07-21T12:29:51Z smooth muscle cell of lymphatic vessel lymphatic vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of any lymphatic vessel. PMID:15109561 CL:0019018 A smooth muscle cell that is part of any blood vessel. 2020-07-21T12:42:48Z smooth muscle cell of blood vessel blood vessel smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of any blood vessel. PMID:9108778 CL:0019019 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. 2020-07-21T12:50:22Z smooth muscle cell of tracheobronchial tree tracheobronchial smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of the tracheobronchial tree. PMID:10853867 CL:0019020 An epithelial cell of the extrahepatic bile ducts, including the left and right hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. They are columnar in shape, and have a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to small/intrahepatic cholangiocytes. 2020-09-03T12:24:24Z large bile duct cholangiocyte extrahepatic cholangiocyte An epithelial cell of the extrahepatic bile ducts, including the left and right hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, and common bile duct. They are columnar in shape, and have a large nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio relative to small/intrahepatic cholangiocytes. PMID:23720296 large bile duct cholangiocyte PMID:23720296 CL:0019021 An endothelial cell found in the periportal region hepatic sinusoid, near the portal triad. The fenestrae of these cells are larger but fewer in number compared with those of endothelial cells near the centrilobular region of the hepatic sinusoid. 2020-09-09T13:56:47Z EFO:0010705 periportal LSEC periportal hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell endothelial cell of periportal hepatic sinusoid An endothelial cell found in the periportal region hepatic sinusoid, near the portal triad. The fenestrae of these cells are larger but fewer in number compared with those of endothelial cells near the centrilobular region of the hepatic sinusoid. PMID:27423426 periportal LSEC PMID:28287163 periportal hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell PMID:30348985 CL:0019022 An endothelial cell found in the centrilobular region hepatic sinusoid, near the central vein. The fenestrae of these cells are smaller but more numerous compared with those of endothelial cells near the periportal region of the hepatic sinusoid. 2020-09-10T12:38:29Z EFO:0010706 central venous hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell pericentral LSEC endothelial cell of pericentral hepatic sinusoid An endothelial cell found in the centrilobular region hepatic sinusoid, near the central vein. The fenestrae of these cells are smaller but more numerous compared with those of endothelial cells near the periportal region of the hepatic sinusoid. PMID:27423426 central venous hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell PMID:30348985 pericentral LSEC PMID:28287163 CL:0019026 Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule periportal region. These cells are primarily involved in oxidative energy metabolism. 2020-10-12T10:29:31Z periportal hepatocyte periportal region hepatocyte Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule periportal region. These cells are primarily involved in oxidative energy metabolism. PMID:29763190 periportal hepatocyte PMID:29763190 CL:0019028 Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule midzonal region. These cells have mixed functionality in comparison with those in the other two regions of the liver lobule. 2020-10-12T10:57:40Z midzonal hepatocyte midzonal region hepatocyte Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule midzonal region. These cells have mixed functionality in comparison with those in the other two regions of the liver lobule. PMID:29763190 midzonal hepatocyte PMID:29763190 CL:0019029 Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule centrilobular region. These cells are the primary location for the biotransformation of drugs. 2020-10-12T11:03:51Z centrilobular hepatocyte centrilobular region hepatocyte Any hepatocyte that is part of the liver lobule centrilobular region. These cells are the primary location for the biotransformation of drugs. PMID:29763190 centrilobular hepatocyte PMID:29763190 CL:0019031 Goblet cells reside throughout the length of the small and large intestine and are responsible for the production and maintenance of the protective mucus blanket by synthesizing and secreting high-molecular-weight glycoproteins known as mucins. Human intestinal goblet cells secrete the MUC2 mucin, as well as a number of typical mucus components: CLCA1, FCGBP, AGR2, ZG16, and TFF3. 2020-10-14T14:59:07Z intestinal goblet cell intestine goblet cell Goblet cells reside throughout the length of the small and large intestine and are responsible for the production and maintenance of the protective mucus blanket by synthesizing and secreting high-molecular-weight glycoproteins known as mucins. Human intestinal goblet cells secrete the MUC2 mucin, as well as a number of typical mucus components: CLCA1, FCGBP, AGR2, ZG16, and TFF3. PMID:1996606 PMID:24942678 intestinal goblet cell PMID:1996606 CL:0019032 Any brush cell that is part of the intestinal epithelium. 2020-10-15T12:47:46Z intestinal brush cell intestinal tuft cell Any brush cell that is part of the intestinal epithelium. PMID:22527717 intestinal brush cell PMID:22527717 CL:0700009 OBSOLETE. A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the cortical collecting duct. The medullary collecting duct does not contain the renal beta-intercalated cell type. 2022-08-26T10:31:29Z B-IC kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type B Created with IRI in incorrect ID range obsolete kidney collecting duct beta-intercalated cell true OBSOLETE. A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the cortical collecting duct. The medullary collecting duct does not contain the renal beta-intercalated cell type. PMID:24051376 PMID:31300091 PMID:32016094 B-IC PMID:32016094 kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type B PMID:31300091 CL:1000001 retrotrapezoid nucleus neuron CL:1000022 mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell CL:1000036 true CL:1000042 forebrain neuroblast CL:1000050 lateral line nerve glial cell CL:1000073 spinal cord radial glial cell CL:1000082 stretch receptor cell CL:1000083 stratified keratinized epithelial stem cell CL:1000085 stratified non keratinized epithelial stem cell CL:1000090 pronephric nephron tubule epithelial cell CL:1000123 metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell CL:1000143 lung goblet cell CL:1000147 A cell that is part of a cardiac valve. heart valve cell cardiac valve cell A cell that is part of a cardiac valve. PMID:25311230 heart valve cell PMID:30796046 CL:1000155 A specialized epithelial secretory cell that moves chloride ions and water across the tubule epithelium. FBbt:00005797 Malpighian tubule Type II cell Malpighian tubule stellate cell A specialized epithelial secretory cell that moves chloride ions and water across the tubule epithelium. GO:0061330 Malpighian tubule Type II cell FBbt:00005797 CL:1000182 malpighian tubule tip cell CL:1000191 A rod-like cell in the inner ear, having their heads joined and their bases on the basilar membrane widely separated so as to form a spiral tunnel known as the tunnel of Corti. FMA:75722 pillar cell of cochlea pillar cell of corti rod cell of Corti cochlear pillar cell pillar cell A rod-like cell in the inner ear, having their heads joined and their bases on the basilar membrane widely separated so as to form a spiral tunnel known as the tunnel of Corti. GOC:tfm PMID:12417662 CL:1000217 growth plate cartilage chondrocyte CL:1000222 stomach neuroendocrine cell CL:1000223 A neuroendocrine cell that is part of respiratory epithelium of the lung and is involved in the sensory detection of environmental stimuli, including hypoxia, nicotine and air pressure. Ultrastructurally, this cell type is characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic dense core granules, which are considered the storage sites of amine and peptide hormones. Lung neuroendocrine cells are innervated and appear as solitary cells or as clustered masses, localized at airway bifurcation sites, called neuroepithelial bodies that can release serotonin in response to hypoxia and interact with sensory nerve terminals. Lung neuroendocrine cells also function as reserve stem cells that repair the surrounding epithelium after injury. pulmonary neuroendocrine cell PNEC lung neuroendocrine cell A neuroendocrine cell that is part of respiratory epithelium of the lung and is involved in the sensory detection of environmental stimuli, including hypoxia, nicotine and air pressure. Ultrastructurally, this cell type is characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic dense core granules, which are considered the storage sites of amine and peptide hormones. Lung neuroendocrine cells are innervated and appear as solitary cells or as clustered masses, localized at airway bifurcation sites, called neuroepithelial bodies that can release serotonin in response to hypoxia and interact with sensory nerve terminals. Lung neuroendocrine cells also function as reserve stem cells that repair the surrounding epithelium after injury. PMID:33355253 doi:10.3109/01902148209069653 doi:10.7554/eLife.78216 pulmonary neuroendocrine cell PMID:33355253 PNEC PMID:33355253 CL:1000236 posterior lateral line nerve glial cell CL:1000239 anterior lateral line nerve glial cell CL:1000245 posterior lateral line ganglion neuron CL:1000271 lung ciliated cell CL:1000272 lung secretory cell CL:1000274 trophectoderm cell trophectodermal cell CL:1000275 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the small intestine. FMA:15050 non-striated muscle fiber of small intestine smooth muscle cell of small intestine true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the small intestine. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of small intestine FMA:15050 CL:1000276 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the duodenum. FMA:15058 non-striated muscle fiber of duodenum smooth muscle fiber of duodenum true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the duodenum. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of duodenum FMA:15058 CL:1000277 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the jejunum. FMA:15062 non-striated muscle fiber of jejunum smooth muscle fiber of jejunum true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the jejunum. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of jejunum FMA:15062 CL:1000278 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ileum. FMA:15066 non-striated muscle fiber of ileum smooth muscle fiber of ileum true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ileum. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of ileum FMA:15066 CL:1000279 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the large intestine. FMA:15653 non-striated muscle fiber of large intestine smooth muscle cell of large intestine true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the large intestine. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of large intestine FMA:15653 CL:1000280 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the colon. FMA:15663 non-striated muscle fiber of colon smooth muscle cell of colon A smooth muscle cell that is part of the colon. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of colon FMA:15663 CL:1000281 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the cecum. FMA:15681 non-striated muscle fiber of cecum smooth muscle fiber of cecum smooth muscle cell of cecum A smooth muscle cell that is part of the cecum. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of cecum FMA:15681 CL:1000282 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ascending colon. FMA:17518 non-striated muscle fiber of ascending colon smooth muscle fiber of ascending colon true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ascending colon. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of ascending colon FMA:17518 CL:1000283 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the transverse colon. FMA:17519 non-striated muscle fiber of transverse colon smooth muscle fiber of transverse colon true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the transverse colon. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of transverse colon FMA:17519 CL:1000284 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the descending colon. FMA:17520 non-striated muscle fiber of descending colon smooth muscle fiber of descending colon true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the descending colon. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of descending colon FMA:17520 CL:1000285 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the sigmoid colon. FMA:17521 non-striated muscle fiber of sigmoid colon smooth muscle cell of sigmoid colon true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the sigmoid colon. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of sigmoid colon FMA:17521 CL:1000286 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the rectum. FMA:17522 non-striated muscle fiber of rectum smooth muscle fiber of rectum smooth muscle cell of rectum A smooth muscle cell that is part of the rectum. GOC:tfm non-striated muscle fiber of rectum FMA:17522 CL:1000287 A muscle cell that is part of the anterior internodal tract. FMA:223276 myocyte of anterior internodal tract A muscle cell that is part of the anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000288 A muscle cell that is part of the atrial branch of anterior internodal tract. FMA:223277 myocyte of atrial branch of anterior internodal tract A muscle cell that is part of the atrial branch of anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000289 A muscle cell that is part of the atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract. FMA:223278 myocyte of atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract A muscle cell that is part of the atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000290 A muscle cell that is part of the middle internodal tract. FMA:223279 myocyte of middle internodal tract A muscle cell that is part of the middle internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000291 A muscle cell that is part of the posterior internodal tract. FMA:223280 myocyte of posterior internodal tract A muscle cell that is part of the posterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000292 true CL:1000293 true CL:1000294 true CL:1000295 true CL:1000296 An epithelial cell that is part of the urethra. FMA:256165 epithelial cell of urethra An epithelial cell that is part of the urethra. GOC:tfm CL:1000297 true CL:1000298 A mesothelial cell that is part of the dura mater. FMA:256516 squamous mesothelial cell of dura mater mesothelial cell of dura mater A mesothelial cell that is part of the dura mater. GOC:tfm squamous mesothelial cell of dura mater FMA:256516 CL:1000299 A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of prostate. FMA:261271 fibroblast of connective tissue of prostate A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of prostate. GOC:tfm CL:1000300 A fibroblast that is part of the outer membrane of prostatic capsule. FMA:261273 fibroblast of outer membrane of prostatic capsule A fibroblast that is part of the outer membrane of prostatic capsule. GOC:tfm CL:1000301 A fibroblast that is part of the subepithelial connective tissue of prostatic gland. FMA:261275 fibroblast of subepithelial connective tissue of prostatic gland A fibroblast that is part of the subepithelial connective tissue of prostatic gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000302 A fibroblast that is part of the papillary layer of dermis. FMA:261277 fibroblast of papillary layer of dermis true A fibroblast that is part of the papillary layer of dermis. GOC:tfm CL:1000303 A fibroblast that is part of the areolar connective tissue. FMA:261279 fibroblast of areolar connective tissue true A fibroblast that is part of the areolar connective tissue. GOC:tfm CL:1000304 A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate. FMA:261281 fibroblast of connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of nonglandular part of prostate. GOC:tfm CL:1000305 A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of glandular part of prostate. FMA:261283 fibroblast of connective tissue of glandular part of prostate A fibroblast that is part of the connective tissue of glandular part of prostate. GOC:tfm CL:1000306 A fibroblast that is part of the tunica adventitia of artery. FMA:261285 fibroblast of tunica adventitia of artery true A fibroblast that is part of the tunica adventitia of artery. GOC:tfm CL:1000307 A fibroblast that is part of the dense regular elastic tissue. FMA:261287 fibroblast of dense regular elastic tissue A fibroblast that is part of the dense regular elastic tissue. GOC:tfm CL:1000308 A fibrocyte that is part of the adventitia of ureter. FMA:261289 fibrocyte of adventitia of ureter true A fibrocyte that is part of the adventitia of ureter. GOC:tfm CL:1000309 An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat. FMA:261293 adipocyte of epicardial fat epicardial fat cell epicardial adipocyte An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat. GOC:tfm adipocyte of epicardial fat FMA:261293 epicardial fat cell FMA:261293 CL:1000310 An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of right ventricle. FMA:261297 epicardial adipocyte of right ventricle epicardial fat cell of right ventricle adipocyte of epicardial fat of right ventricle An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of right ventricle. GOC:tfm epicardial adipocyte of right ventricle FMA:261297 epicardial fat cell of right ventricle FMA:261297 CL:1000311 An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of left ventricle. FMA:261300 epicardial adipocyte of left ventricle epicardial fat cell of left ventricle adipocyte of epicardial fat of left ventricle An adipocyte that is part of the epicardial fat of left ventricle. GOC:tfm epicardial adipocyte of left ventricle FMA:261300 epicardial fat cell of left ventricle FMA:261300 CL:1000312 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. FMA:263032 goblet cell of epithelium of bronchus bronchial goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. GOC:tfm goblet cell of epithelium of bronchus FMA:263032 CL:1000313 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of stomach. FMA:263035 goblet cell of epithelium of stomach gastric goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of stomach. GOC:tfm goblet cell of epithelium of stomach FMA:263035 CL:1000314 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of gastric cardiac gland. FMA:263038 goblet cell of epithelium of gastric cardiac gland gastric cardiac gland goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of gastric cardiac gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000315 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of principal gastric gland. FMA:263040 goblet cell of epithelium of principal gastric gland principal gastric gland goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of principal gastric gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000316 OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. FMA:263042 obsolete goblet cell of epithelium of small intestine true OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000317 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. FMA:263046 goblet cell of epithelium of intestinal villus intestinal villus goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. GOC:tfm CL:1000318 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine. FMA:263050 obsolete small intestine crypt goblet cell true A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of lieberkuhn of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000319 OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. FMA:263052 obsolete goblet cell of epithelium proper of small intestine true OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000320 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of large intestine. FMA:263054 goblet cell of epithelium of large intestine large intestine goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000321 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine. FMA:263056 large intestine crypt goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000322 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pancreatic duct. FMA:263058 goblet cell of epithelium of pancreatic duct pancreatic goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pancreatic duct. GOC:tfm goblet cell of epithelium of pancreatic duct FMA:263058 CL:1000323 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pyloric gland. FMA:263061 goblet cell of epithelium of pyloric gland pyloric gastric gland goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of pyloric gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000324 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. FMA:263063 goblet cell of epithelium proper of duodenum duodenal goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. GOC:tfm CL:1000325 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. FMA:263065 goblet cell of epithelium proper of jejunum jejunal goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. GOC:tfm CL:1000326 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. FMA:263067 goblet cell of epithelium proper of ileum ileal goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. GOC:tfm CL:1000327 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of appendix. FMA:263069 goblet cell of epithelium proper of appendix appendix goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of appendix. GOC:tfm CL:1000328 OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. FMA:263071 obsolete goblet cell of epithelium proper of large intestine true OBSOLETE: A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000329 A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. FMA:263075 goblet cell of epithelium of trachea tracheal goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. GOC:tfm goblet cell of epithelium of trachea FMA:263075 CL:1000330 A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. FMA:263078 serous cell of epithelium of trachea A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. GOC:tfm CL:1000331 A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. FMA:263080 serous cell of epithelium of bronchus A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchus. GOC:tfm CL:1000332 A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. FMA:263082 serous cell of epithelium of terminal bronchiole A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:1000333 A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchiole. FMA:263084 serous cell of epithelium of lobular bronchiole A serous secreting cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:1000334 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. FMA:263086 enterocyte of epithelium of small intestine true An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000335 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. FMA:263088 enterocyte of epithelium of intestinal villus An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. GOC:tfm CL:1000336 true CL:1000337 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of duodenal gland. FMA:263092 enterocyte of epithelium of duodenal gland An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of duodenal gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000338 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine. FMA:263094 enterocyte of epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000339 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. FMA:263096 enterocyte of epithelium proper of small intestine An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000340 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. FMA:263098 enterocyte of epithelium proper of duodenum An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. GOC:tfm CL:1000341 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. FMA:263100 enterocyte of epithelium proper of jejunum An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. GOC:tfm CL:1000342 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. FMA:263102 enterocyte of epithelium proper of ileum An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. GOC:tfm CL:1000343 A paneth cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. FMA:263104 paneth cell of epithelium of small intestine true A paneth cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000344 A Paneth cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. FMA:263106 paneth cell of epithelium proper of small intestine A Paneth cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000345 A paneth cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine. FMA:263108 paneth cell of epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine A paneth cell that is part of the epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000346 An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. FMA:263090 FMA:263112 vacuolar absorptive cell of epithelium proper of large intestine enterocyte of epithelium proper of large intestine An enterocyte that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000347 A columnar cell of the colon that is part of the colonic epithelium. FMA:263114 vacuolar absorptive cell of epithelium of colon enterocyte of colon true A columnar cell of the colon that is part of the colonic epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:1000348 A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. FMA:263118 basal cell of epithelium of trachea true A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. GOC:tfm CL:1000349 A basal cell found in the bronchus epithelium. FMA:263120 basal cell of bronchus basal cell of epithelium of bronchus A basal cell found in the bronchus epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:1000350 A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. FMA:263122 basal cell of epithelium of terminal bronchiole true A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of terminal bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:1000351 A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of respiratory bronchiole. FMA:263124 basal cell of epithelium of respiratory bronchiole true A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of respiratory bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:1000352 A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchiole. FMA:263126 basal cell of epithelium of lobular bronchiole true A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of bronchiole. GOC:tfm CL:1000353 A M cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. FMA:263128 microfold cell of epithelium of small intestine true A M cell that is part of the epithelium of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000354 A M cell that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. FMA:263130 microfold cell of epithelium of intestinal villus A M cell that is part of the epithelium of intestinal villus. GOC:tfm CL:1000355 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. FMA:263132 microfold cell of epithelium proper of small intestine A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of small intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000356 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. FMA:263134 microfold cell of epithelium proper of duodenum A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of duodenum. GOC:tfm CL:1000357 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. FMA:263136 microfold cell of epithelium proper of jejunum A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of jejunum. GOC:tfm CL:1000358 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. FMA:263138 microfold cell of epithelium proper of ileum A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of ileum. GOC:tfm CL:1000359 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of appendix. FMA:263140 microfold cell of epithelium proper of appendix A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of appendix. GOC:tfm CL:1000360 A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. FMA:263142 microfold cell of epithelium proper of large intestine A M cell that is part of the epithelium proper of large intestine. GOC:tfm CL:1000361 A transitional myocyte that is part of the interatrial septum. FMA:263152 transitional myocyte of interatrial septum true A transitional myocyte that is part of the interatrial septum. GOC:tfm CL:1000362 A transitional myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. FMA:263154 transitional myocyte of interventricular septum true A transitional myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. GOC:tfm CL:1000363 A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial branch of anterior internodal tract. FMA:263156 transitional myocyte of atrial branch of anterior internodal tract A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial branch of anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000364 A transitional myocyte that is part of the anterior internodal tract. FMA:263158 transitional myocyte of anterior internodal tract A transitional myocyte that is part of the anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000365 A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract. FMA:263160 transitional myocyte of atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial septal branch of anterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000366 A transitional myocyte that is part of the middle internodal tract. FMA:263162 transitional myocyte of middle internodal tract A transitional myocyte that is part of the middle internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000367 A transitional myocyte that is part of the posterior internodal tract. FMA:263164 transitional myocyte of posterior internodal tract A transitional myocyte that is part of the posterior internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000368 A transitional myocyte that is part of the anterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263166 transitional myocyte of anterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the anterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000369 A transitional myocyte that is part of the septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263168 transitional myocyte of septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000370 A transitional myocyte that is part of the left branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263170 transitional myocyte of left branch of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the left branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000371 A transitional myocyte that is part of the right branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263172 transitional myocyte of right branch of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the right branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000372 A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial part of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263174 transitional myocyte of atrial part of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrial part of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000373 A transitional myocyte that is part of the ventricular part of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263176 transitional myocyte of ventricular part of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the ventricular part of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000374 A transitional myocyte that is part of the posterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263178 transitional myocyte of posterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle A transitional myocyte that is part of the posterior division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000375 A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. FMA:263180 myocardial endocrine cell of septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the septal division of left branch of atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000376 A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. FMA:263182 Purkinje myocyte of interventricular septum true A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the interventricular septum. GOC:tfm CL:1000377 A Feyrter cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. FMA:263184 dense-core granulated cell of epithelium of trachea true true A Feyrter cell that is part of the epithelium of trachea. GOC:tfm CL:1000378 A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium. FMA:263186 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of stato-acoustic epithelium A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:1000379 A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263188 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000380 A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263190 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000381 A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263192 type 1 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth A type I vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000382 A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium. FMA:263194 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of stato-acoustic epithelium A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the stato-acoustic epithelium. GOC:tfm CL:1000383 A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263196 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of utricle of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000384 A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263198 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of macula of saccule of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000385 A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. FMA:263200 type 2 vestibular sensory cell of epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth A type II vestibular sensory cell that is part of the epithelium of crista of ampulla of semicircular duct of membranous labyrinth. GOC:tfm CL:1000386 true CL:1000387 true CL:1000388 true CL:1000389 true CL:1000390 true CL:1000391 A melanocyte that is part of the eyelid. FMA:59175 eyelid melanocyte sebaceous gland of wolff melanocyte of eyelid true A melanocyte that is part of the eyelid. GOC:tfm eyelid melanocyte FMA:59175 sebaceous gland of wolff FMA:59175 CL:1000393 true CL:1000394 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the intralobular part of terminal lactiferous duct. FMA:62158 myoepithelial cell of intralobular lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the intralobular part of terminal lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000395 true CL:1000396 true CL:1000397 An endothelial cell that is part of the venous sinus of red pulp of spleen. FMA:62817 todo - add logical definition to UBERON:0009967 endothelial cell of venous sinus of red pulp of spleen An endothelial cell that is part of the venous sinus of red pulp of spleen. GOC:tfm CL:1000398 An endothelial cell that is part of the hepatic sinusoid. These cells possess flattened areas containing perforations about 0.1 micrometers in diameter, known as fenestrae. The fenestrae are arranged in groups known as sieve plates. BTO:000125 FMA:62911 LSEC endotheliocyte of hepatic sinusoid liver sinusoidal endothelial cell endothelial cell of hepatic sinusoid An endothelial cell that is part of the hepatic sinusoid. These cells possess flattened areas containing perforations about 0.1 micrometers in diameter, known as fenestrae. The fenestrae are arranged in groups known as sieve plates. GOC:tfm PMID:3926620 LSEC PMID:30348985 endotheliocyte of hepatic sinusoid FMA:62911 liver sinusoidal endothelial cell PMID:30348985 CL:1000399 true CL:1000400 true CL:1000401 true CL:1000402 true CL:1000403 true CL:1000404 true CL:1000405 An epithelial cell that is part of the appendix. FMA:63602 columnar epitheliocyte of appendix epithelial cell of vermiform appendix epithelial cell of appendix An epithelial cell that is part of the appendix. GOC:tfm columnar epitheliocyte of appendix FMA:63602 epithelial cell of vermiform appendix FMA:63602 CL:1000406 true CL:1000407 true CL:1000408 true CL:1000409 A muscle cell that is part of the sinoatrial node. FMA:67102 SA nodal myocyte SA node cardiac muscle cell sinoatrial node cell sinoatrial node myocyte sinuatrial node myocyte myocyte of sinoatrial node A muscle cell that is part of the sinoatrial node. FMA:67102 GOC:tfm SA nodal myocyte FMA:67102 SA node cardiac muscle cell GOC:pr sinoatrial node cell GOC:pr sinuatrial node myocyte FMA:67102 CL:1000410 A muscle cell that is part of the atrioventricular node. FMA:67106 AV nodal myocyte AV node cardiac muscle cell AV node cell atrioventricular node cell atrioventricular node myocyte myocyte of atrioventricular node A muscle cell that is part of the atrioventricular node. FMA:67106 GOC:tfm AV nodal myocyte FMA:67106 AV node cardiac muscle cell GOC:pr AV node cell GOC:pr atrioventricular node cell GOC:pr atrioventricular node myocyte FMA:67106 CL:1000411 An endothelial cell that is part of the small intestine Peyer's patch. FMA:67757 endothelial cell of Peyer's patch true An endothelial cell that is part of the small intestine Peyer's patch. GOC:tfm CL:1000412 An endothelial cell that is part of the arteriole. FMA:67760 KUPO:0001097 endothelial cell of arteriole true An endothelial cell that is part of the arteriole. GOC:tfm CL:1000413 A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of an arterial endothelium. BTO:0004758 FMA:67761 KUPO:0001095 arterial endothelial cell endothelial cell of artery A blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of an arterial endothelium. GOC:tfm CL:1000414 An endothelial cell that is part of the venule. FMA:67762 endothelial cell of venule true An endothelial cell that is part of the venule. GOC:tfm CL:1000415 An epithelial cell that is part of the gallbladder. FMA:67780 epithelial cell of gallbladder An epithelial cell that is part of the gallbladder. GOC:tfm CL:1000416 OBSOLETE. A myoepithelial cell that is part of the mammary gland. Term merged into CL:0002324 (myoepithelial cell of mammary gland) obsolete myoepithelial cell of lactiferous gland true OBSOLETE. A myoepithelial cell that is part of the mammary gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000417 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. FMA:67801 myoepithelial cell of sweat gland true A myoepithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000418 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the mammary gland alveolus. FMA:67802 basal cell of alveolus of lactiferous gland myoepithelial cell of mammary alveolus myoepithelial cell of lactiferous alveolus A myoepithelial cell that is part of the mammary gland alveolus. GOC:tfm basal cell of alveolus of lactiferous gland FMA:67802 myoepithelial cell of mammary alveolus FMA:67802 CL:1000419 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the lactiferous duct. FMA:67803 myoepithelial cell of lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000420 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the terminal lactiferous duct. FMA:67804 myoepithelial cell of terminal lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the terminal lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000421 true CL:1000422 true CL:1000423 true CL:1000424 A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraaortic body. FMA:69328 chromaffin cell of para-aortic body chromaffin cell of paraaortic body A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraaortic body. GOC:tfm chromaffin cell of para-aortic body FMA:69328 CL:1000425 A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraganglion. FMA:69335 chromaffin cell of paraganglion true A chromaffin cell that is part of the paraganglion. GOC:tfm CL:1000426 A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal gland. FMA:69794 adrenal chromaffin cell chromaffin cell of adrenal gland true A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal gland. GOC:tfm adrenal chromaffin cell GO:0061104 CL:1000427 A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal cortex. FMA:69795 chromaffin cell of adrenal cortex Not clear this cell type exists. Can't call it a cortical adrenal cell because of different germ layer origin. adrenal cortex chromaffin cell A chromaffin cell that is part of the adrenal cortex. GOC:tfm CL:1000428 A somatic stem cell that is part of the epidermis. FMA:70541 epidermal stem cell stem cell of epidermis true A somatic stem cell that is part of the epidermis. GOC:tfm epidermal stem cell FMA:70541 CL:1000429 true CL:1000430 true CL:1000431 true CL:1000432 An epithelial cell that is part of the conjunctiva. FMA:70552 epithelial cell of conjunctiva conjunctival epithelial cell true An epithelial cell that is part of the conjunctiva. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of conjunctiva FMA:70552 CL:1000433 An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal canaliculus. FMA:70553 epithelial cell of lacrimal canaliculus An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal canaliculus. GOC:tfm CL:1000434 An epithelial cell that is part of the external acoustic meatus. FMA:70555 epithelial cell of external acoustic meatus An epithelial cell that is part of the external acoustic meatus. GOC:tfm CL:1000435 An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal drainage system. FMA:70559 epithelial cell of lacrimal duct epithelial cell of lacrimal drainage system true An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal drainage system. GOC:tfm PMID:22594785 CL:1000436 An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal sac. FMA:70560 epithelial cell of lacrimal sac An epithelial cell that is part of the lacrimal sac. GOC:tfm CL:1000437 An epithelial cell that is part of the nasolacrimal duct. FMA:70561 epithelial cell of nasolacrimal duct An epithelial cell that is part of the nasolacrimal duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000438 An epithelial cell that is part of the wall of inferior part of anal canal. FMA:70562 epithelial cell of wall of inferior part of anal canal An epithelial cell that is part of the wall of inferior part of anal canal. GOC:tfm CL:1000439 true CL:1000440 true CL:1000441 An epithelial cell that is part of the viscerocranial mucosa. FMA:70583 epithelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa An epithelial cell that is part of the viscerocranial mucosa. GOC:tfm CL:1000442 An urothelial cell that is part of the trigone of urinary bladder. FMA:70598 epithelial cell of vesical trigone urothelial cell of trigone of urinary bladder An urothelial cell that is part of the trigone of urinary bladder. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of vesical trigone FMA:70598 CL:1000443 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ciliary body. FMA:70610 smooth muscle cell of ciliary body ciliary muscle cell true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the ciliary body. GOC:tfm smooth muscle cell of ciliary body FMA:70610 CL:1000444 A mesothelial cell that is part of the anterior chamber of eyeball. FMA:70615 mesothelial cell of anterior chamber of eye A mesothelial cell that is part of the anterior chamber of eyeball. GOC:tfm CL:1000445 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the dilatator pupillae. FMA:70619 myoepithelial cell of dilator pupillae true A myoepithelial cell that is part of the dilatator pupillae. GOC:tfm CL:1000446 true CL:1000447 A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of esophagus. FMA:70731 basal cell of esophageal epithelium epithelial cell of stratum germinativum of esophagus true A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of esophagus. GOC:tfm basal cell of esophageal epithelium FMA:70731 CL:1000448 An epithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. FMA:70952 epithelial cell of sweat gland An epithelial cell that is part of the sweat gland. GOC:tfm CL:1000449 An epithelial cell that is part of the nephron. FMA:70965 epithelial cell of nephron An epithelial cell that is part of the nephron. GOC:tfm CL:1000450 An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular capsule. FMA:70966 KUPO:0001034 Bowmans capsule epithelial cell epithelial cell of Bowman's capsule epithelial cell of glomerular capsule An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular capsule. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of Bowman's capsule FMA:70966 CL:1000451 obsolete epithelial cell of visceral layer of glomerular capsule true CL:1000452 An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular parietal epithelium. FMA:70968 KUPO:0001035 epithelial cell of parietal layer of glomerular capsule parietal epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of the glomerular parietal epithelium. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of parietal layer of glomerular capsule FMA:70968 CL:1000453 An epithelial cell that is part of the intermediate tubule. FMA:70980 epithelial cell of intermediate tubule An epithelial cell that is part of the intermediate tubule. GOC:tfm CL:1000454 An epithelial cell that is part of the collecting duct of renal tubule. FMA:70982 KUPO:0001059 epithelial cell of renal collecting tubule kidney collecting duct epithelial cell true true An epithelial cell that is part of the collecting duct of renal tubule. GOC:tfm epithelial cell of renal collecting tubule FMA:70982 CL:1000456 A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal peritoneum. FMA:72142 mesothelial cell of parietal peritoneum A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal peritoneum. GOC:tfm CL:1000457 A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral peritoneum. FMA:72143 mesothelial cell of visceral peritoneum A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral peritoneum. GOC:tfm CL:1000458 A melanocyte that is part of the skin of body. CALOHA:TS-2374 FMA:72144 skin melanocyte melanocyte of skin true A melanocyte that is part of the skin of body. GOC:tfm skin melanocyte FMA:72144 CL:1000459 true CL:1000461 true CL:1000462 true CL:1000463 true CL:1000464 true CL:1000465 A chromaffin cell that is part of the ovary. FMA:74319 chromaffin cell of ovary true A chromaffin cell that is part of the ovary. GOC:tfm CL:1000466 A chromaffin cell that is part of the right ovary. FMA:74320 chromaffin cell of right ovary A chromaffin cell that is part of the right ovary. GOC:tfm CL:1000467 A chromaffin cell that is part of the left ovary. FMA:74321 chromaffin cell of left ovary A chromaffin cell that is part of the left ovary. GOC:tfm CL:1000468 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the acinus of lactiferous gland. FMA:74469 basal cell of acinus of lactiferous gland myoepithelial cell of acinus of lactiferous gland A myoepithelial cell that is part of the acinus of lactiferous gland. GOC:tfm basal cell of acinus of lactiferous gland FMA:74469 CL:1000469 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the main lactiferous duct. FMA:74499 myoepithelial cell of main lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the main lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000470 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the primary lactiferous duct. FMA:74500 myoepithelial cell of primary lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the primary lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000471 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the secondary lactiferous duct. FMA:74501 myoepithelial cell of secondary lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the secondary lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000472 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the tertiary lactiferous duct. FMA:74502 myoepithelial cell of tertiary lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the tertiary lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000473 A myoepithelial cell that is part of the quarternary lactiferous duct. FMA:74503 myoepithelial cell of quarternary lactiferous duct A myoepithelial cell that is part of the quarternary lactiferous duct. GOC:tfm CL:1000474 true CL:1000475 true CL:1000476 true CL:1000477 A nodal myocyte that is part of the sinoatrial node. FMA:83383 cardiac pacemaker cell of sinuatrial node pacemaker cell of sinoatrial node pacemaker cell of sinuatrial node cardiac pacemaker cell of sinoatrial node A nodal myocyte that is part of the sinoatrial node. GOC:tfm CL:1000478 A transitional myocyte that is part of the sinoatrial node. FMA:83384 transitinal myocyte of sinuatrial node transitional myocyte of sinoatrial node true A transitional myocyte that is part of the sinoatrial node. GOC:tfm CL:1000479 A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular node. FMA:83386 Purkinje myocyte of atrioventricular node true A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular node. GOC:tfm CL:1000480 A transitional myocyte that is part of the internodal tract. FMA:83387 transitional myocyte of internodal tract true A transitional myocyte that is part of the internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000481 A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. FMA:83388 transitional myocyte of atrioventricular bundle true A transitional myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000482 A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the interventricular septum. FMA:83390 myocardial endocrine cell of interventricular septum true A myocardial endocrine cell that is part of the interventricular septum. GOC:tfm CL:1000483 A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the internodal tract. FMA:83392 Purkinje myocyte of internodal tract true A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the internodal tract. GOC:tfm CL:1000484 A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. FMA:83393 Purkinje myocyte of atrioventricular bundle true A Purkinje myocyte that is part of the atrioventricular bundle. GOC:tfm CL:1000486 A basal cell that is part of the urothelium. Compared to other urothelial cell types, a basal cell of the urothelium is positioned along the basement membrane, is the most undifferentiated and serves a progenitor role. FMA:84150 urothelial basal cell It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial basal cell type is distinguished by expression of high levels of cytokeratin-5 (CK5), p63 and the signalling molecule Sonic hedgehog (Shh). Similar to intermediate cells, the urothelial basal cell type expresses CK17 but is negative for uroplakins (UPK) and CK20. Urothelial basal cells have also been noted to be smaller in diameter than urothelial intermediate cells. basal cell of urothelium true A basal cell that is part of the urothelium. Compared to other urothelial cell types, a basal cell of the urothelium is positioned along the basement membrane, is the most undifferentiated and serves a progenitor role. GOC:tfm doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 urothelial basal cell doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14366-4_8 doi:10.1111/cpr.13170 It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial basal cell type is distinguished by expression of high levels of cytokeratin-5 (CK5), p63 and the signalling molecule Sonic hedgehog (Shh). Similar to intermediate cells, the urothelial basal cell type expresses CK17 but is negative for uroplakins (UPK) and CK20. Urothelial basal cells have also been noted to be smaller in diameter than urothelial intermediate cells. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 CL:1000487 A smooth muscle cell that is part of the prostate gland. FMA:84583 smooth muscle fiber of prostate smooth muscle cell of prostate true A smooth muscle cell that is part of the prostate gland. GOC:tfm smooth muscle fiber of prostate FMA:84583 CL:1000488 An epithelial cell that is part of the bile duct. Cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts. FMA:86481 epithelial cell of bile duct cholangiocyte true An epithelial cell that is part of the bile duct. Cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts. GOC:tfm PMID:16550043 PMID:18356246 CL:1000489 A reticular cell that is part of the splenic cord. FMA:86497 reticular cell of splenic cord true A reticular cell that is part of the splenic cord. GOC:tfm CL:1000490 A mesothelial cell that is part of the peritoneum. FMA:86736 peritoneal mesothelial cell mesothelial cell of peritoneum A mesothelial cell that is part of the peritoneum. GOC:tfm peritoneal mesothelial cell FMA:86736 CL:1000491 A mesothelial cell that is part of the pleura. FMA:86737 pleural mesothelial cell mesothelial cell of pleura A mesothelial cell that is part of the pleura. GOC:tfm pleural mesothelial cell FMA:86737 CL:1000492 A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal pleura. FMA:86738 mesothelial cell of parietal pleura A mesothelial cell that is part of the parietal pleura. GOC:tfm CL:1000493 A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral pleura. FMA:86739 mesothelial cell of visceral pleura A mesothelial cell that is part of the visceral pleura. GOC:tfm CL:1000494 An epithelial cell that is part of a nephron tubule. FMA:86785 KUPO:0001022 kidney tubule epithelial cell This needs to be further defined as a juxtamedullary nephron. Will request the juxtamedullary nephron tubule class from UBERON. nephron tubule epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a nephron tubule. GOC:tfm CL:1000495 A goblet cell that is part of the small intestine. FMA:86929 goblet cell of epithelium of small intestine goblet cell of small intestine small intestinal goblet cell small intestine goblet cell A goblet cell that is part of the small intestine. GOC:tfm small intestinal goblet cell FMA:86929 CL:1000497 A cell that is part of a kidney. KUPO:0001010 kidney cell CL:1000500 A cell that is part of kidney interstitium. KUPO:0001013 kidney interstitial cell CL:1000504 A cell that is part of a renal medulla. KUPO:0001017 kidney medulla cell CL:1000505 A cell that is part of a renal pelvis. KUPO:0001018 kidney pelvis cell CL:1000507 A cell that is part of a nephron tubule. KUPO:0001020 kidney tubule cell CL:1000510 KUPO:0001023 kidney glomerular epithelial cell CL:1000546 An epithelial cell that is part of a renal medulla collecting duct. KUPO:0001060 kidney medulla collecting duct epithelial cell CL:1000547 An epithelial cell that is part of some inner medullary collecting duct. KUPO:0001061 kidney inner medulla collecting duct epithelial cell CL:1000548 An epithelial cell that is part of an outer medullary collecting duct. KUPO:0001062 kidney outer medulla collecting duct epithelial cell CL:1000549 An epithelial cell that is part of a cortical collecting duct. KUPO:0001063 kidney cortex collecting duct epithelial cell CL:1000550 KUPO:0001064 kidney papillary duct principal epithelial cell CL:1000596 KUPO:0001111 inner renal cortex cell CL:1000597 A cell that is part of a tip of a renal papilla. KUPO:0001112 papillary tips cell CL:1000600 KUPO:0001115 lower urinary tract cell CL:1000601 KUPO:0001116 ureteral cell CL:1000606 KUPO:0001015 kidney nerve cell CL:1000612 KUPO:0001021 kidney corpuscule cell true CL:1000615 KUPO:0001024 kidney cortex tubule cell true CL:1000616 KUPO:0001025 kidney outer medulla cell true CL:1000617 KUPO:0001026 kidney inner medulla cell true CL:1000618 KUPO:0001028 juxtaglomerulus cell juxtaglomerular complex cell true juxtaglomerulus cell GO:0072052 CL:1000681 KUPO:0001091 kidney cortex interstitial cell true CL:1000682 KUPO:0001092 kidney medulla interstitial cell true true CL:1000691 KUPO:0001101 kidney interstitial myofibroblast CL:1000692 KUPO:0001102 kidney interstitial fibroblast CL:1000693 KUPO:0001103 kidney interstitial fibrocyte CL:1000695 KUPO:0001106 kidney interstitial alternatively activated macrophage CL:1000696 KUPO:0001107 kidney interstitial inflammatory macrophage CL:1000697 KUPO:0001108 kidney interstitial suppressor macrophage CL:1000698 A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of some kidney. KUPO:0001109 kidney resident macrophage CL:1000699 KUPO:0001110 kidney resident dendritic cell CL:1000702 KUPO:0001113 kidney pelvis smooth muscle cell true true CL:1000703 KUPO:0001114 kidney pelvis urothelial cell true true CL:1000706 KUPO:0001117 ureter urothelial cell true true CL:1000708 KUPO:0001119 ureter adventitial cell true CL:1000714 KUPO:0001130 kidney cortex collecting duct principal cell true CL:1000715 KUPO:0001131 kidney cortex collecting duct intercalated cell true CL:1000716 Principal cell that is part of some outer medullary collecting duct. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). KUPO:0001132 kidney outer medulla collecting duct principal cell true Principal cell that is part of some outer medullary collecting duct. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). PMID:25632105 CL:1000717 Intercalated cell that is part of some outer medullary collecting duct. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may contribute in the maintenance of acid/base homeostasis. KUPO:0001133 kidney outer medulla collecting duct intercalated cell true Intercalated cell that is part of some outer medullary collecting duct. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may contribute in the maintenance of acid/base homeostasis. PMID:25632105 CL:1000718 KUPO:0001134 kidney inner medulla collecting duct principal cell true CL:1000719 KUPO:0001135 kidney inner medulla collecting duct intercalated cell true CL:1000720 KUPO:0001136 kidney papillary duct intercalated cell true CL:1000721 KUPO:0001137 kidney papillary duct principal cell true CL:1000742 A mesangial cell located among the glomerular capillaries in a renal corpuscle. KUPO:0001032 intraglomerular mesangial cell Like smooth muscle, a glomerular mesangial cell is contractile and possesses the filaments actin and myosin. The contractile mechanism is also similar to that of smooth muscle, with Ca2+/calmodulin-activated myosin light-chain kinase instigating myosin-actin cross-bridge cycling. Mesangial cell phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils involves a novel CD36-independent, alpha(v)beta3/TSP-mediated mechanism that is uncoupled from chemokine secretion, emphasizing the injury-limiting potential of mesangial cell phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. glomerular mesangial cell A mesangial cell located among the glomerular capillaries in a renal corpuscle. Wikipedia:Intraglomerular_mesangial_cell intraglomerular mesangial cell CL:cjm Like smooth muscle, a glomerular mesangial cell is contractile and possesses the filaments actin and myosin. The contractile mechanism is also similar to that of smooth muscle, with Ca2+/calmodulin-activated myosin light-chain kinase instigating myosin-actin cross-bridge cycling. Mesangial cell phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils involves a novel CD36-independent, alpha(v)beta3/TSP-mediated mechanism that is uncoupled from chemokine secretion, emphasizing the injury-limiting potential of mesangial cell phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. PMID:9127003 https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1998.78.3.723 CL:1000746 KUPO:0001036 glomerular cell true CL:1000768 KUPO:0001058 kidney connecting tubule epithelial cell true CL:1000803 KUPO:0001093 kidney inner medulla interstitial cell true true CL:1000804 KUPO:0001094 kidney outer medulla interstitial cell true true CL:1000838 KUPO:0001045 kidney proximal convoluted tubule epithelial cell true CL:1000839 KUPO:0001046 kidney proximal straight tubule epithelial cell true true CL:1000849 KUPO:0001056 kidney distal convoluted tubule epithelial cell true CL:1000850 KUPO:0001057 macula densa epithelial cell true true CL:1000854 KUPO:0001014 kidney blood vessel cell true CL:1000891 KUPO:0001029 kidney arterial blood vessel cell true CL:1000892 KUPO:0001030 kidney capillary endothelial cell CL:1000893 KUPO:0001031 kidney venous blood vessel cell true CL:1000897 true CL:1000909 KUPO:0001047 kidney loop of Henle epithelial cell true CL:1000979 KUPO:0001118 ureter smooth muscle cell true true CL:1001005 KUPO:0001037 glomerular capillary endothelial cell true CL:1001006 KUPO:0001038 kidney afferent arteriole cell true CL:1001009 KUPO:0001041 kidney efferent arteriole cell true CL:1001016 KUPO:0001048 kidney loop of Henle ascending limb epithelial cell true CL:1001021 KUPO:0001053 kidney loop of Henle descending limb epithelial cell true CL:1001033 An endothelial cell that is part of some peritubular capillary. KUPO:0001065 peritubular capillary endothelial cell true CL:1001036 KUPO:0001068 vasa recta cell true CL:1001045 KUPO:0001077 kidney cortex artery cell true CL:1001052 KUPO:0001084 kidney cortex vein cell true CL:1001064 KUPO:0001096 Note that the source of this term is KUPO:0001096 (artery smooth muscle cell), which we believe actually denotes the kidney specific structure. kidney artery smooth muscle cell CL:1001066 KUPO:0001098 Note that the source of this term is KUPO:0001098 (arteriole smooth muscle cell), which we believe actually denotes the kidney specific structure. kidney arteriole smooth muscle cell CL:1001068 KUPO:0001100 Note that the source of this term is KUPO:0001068 (venous system smooth muscle cell), which we believe actually denotes the kidney specific structure. kidney venous system smooth muscle cell CL:1001096 KUPO:0001039 kidney afferent arteriole endothelial cell true CL:1001097 KUPO:0001040 kidney afferent arteriole smooth muscle cell CL:1001099 KUPO:0001042 kidney efferent arteriole endothelial cell true CL:1001100 KUPO:0001043 kidney efferent arteriole smooth muscle cell CL:1001106 An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thick ascending limb. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC2) apically. KUPO:0001049 kidney loop of Henle thick ascending limb epithelial cell true An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thick ascending limb. It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter (NKCC2) apically. PMID:25318757 CL:1001107 An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thin ascending limb. KUPO:0001050 kidney loop of Henle thin ascending limb epithelial cell true CL:1001108 An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thick ascending limb segment located in the renal medulla. KUPO:0001051 kidney loop of Henle medullary thick ascending limb epithelial cell true CL:1001109 An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thick ascending limb segment located in the renal cortex. KUPO:0001052 kidney loop of Henle cortical thick ascending limb epithelial cell CL:1001111 An epithelial cell that is part of some loop of Henle thin descending limb. KUPO:0001054 kidney loop of Henle thin descending limb epithelial cell true CL:1001123 KUPO:0001066 kidney outer medulla peritubular capillary cell true true CL:1001124 KUPO:0001067 kidney cortex peritubular capillary cell true CL:1001126 KUPO:0001069 inner renal medulla vasa recta cell true true CL:1001127 KUPO:0001070 outer renal medulla vasa recta cell true true CL:1001131 A cell that is part of some vasa recta ascending limb. KUPO:0001074 It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express PV-1, a component of the fenestral diaphragm. vasa recta ascending limb cell true It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express PV-1, a component of the fenestral diaphragm. PMID:20392798 PMID:20392799 PMID:26062876 CL:1001135 KUPO:0001078 arcuate artery cell true CL:1001138 KUPO:0001081 interlobular artery cell true CL:1001142 KUPO:0001085 arcuate vein cell true CL:1001145 KUPO:0001088 interlobular vein cell true CL:1001209 KUPO:0001075 inner medulla vasa recta ascending limb cell true true CL:1001210 KUPO:0001076 outer medulla vasa recta ascending limb cell true true CL:1001213 KUPO:0001079 arcuate artery endothelial cell true CL:1001214 KUPO:0001080 arcuate artery smooth muscle cell CL:1001216 KUPO:0001082 interlobulary artery endothelial cell CL:1001217 KUPO:0001083 interlobulary artery smooth muscle cell CL:1001220 KUPO:0001086 arcuate vein endothelial cell CL:1001221 KUPO:0001087 arcuate vein smooth muscle cell CL:1001223 KUPO:0001089 interlobulary vein endothelial cell CL:1001224 KUPO:0001090 interlobulary vein smooth muscle cell CL:1001225 A cell that is part of a collecting duct of renal tubule. KUPO:0001012 Wikipedia:Kidney_collecting_duct_cell kidney collecting duct cell CL:1001285 A cell that is part of some vasa recta descending limb. KUPO:0001071 It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the urea transporter B. vasa recta descending limb cell true It is known in some mammalian species that this cell may express the urea transporter B. PMID:20392798 PMID:20392799 PMID:26062876 CL:1001286 KUPO:0001072 inner medulla vasa recta descending limb cell true true CL:1001287 KUPO:0001073 outer medulla vasa recta descending limb cell true true CL:1001318 A pericyte cell located in the kidney interstitium. KUPO:0001104 renal interstitial pericyte true CL:1001319 KUPO:0001120 bladder cell CL:1001320 KUPO:0001123 urethra cell CL:1001428 A urothelial cell that is part of the urothelium of the urinary bladder. KUPO:0001121 NCIT:C32210 bladder transitional cell transitional epithelial cell of urinary bladder bladder urothelial cell A urothelial cell that is part of the urothelium of the urinary bladder. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 CL:1001430 KUPO:0001124 urethra urothelial cell true CL:1001431 KUPO:0001128 kidney collecting duct principal cell true CL:1001432 KUPO:0001129 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collecting_duct_system#Intercalated_cells kidney collecting duct intercalated cell true CL:1001433 An epithelial cell of the exocrine pancreas. FMA:70986 exocrine pancreas cell epithelial cell of exocrine pancreas An epithelial cell of the exocrine pancreas. GOC:tfm CL:1001434 A neuron residing in the olfactory bulb that serve to process and refine signals arising from olfactory sensory neurons olfactory bulb interneuron A neuron residing in the olfactory bulb that serve to process and refine signals arising from olfactory sensory neurons PMID:18603310 CL:1001435 The small neuron in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb whose dendrites arborize within a glomerulus, where it receives synaptic input from olfactory receptor cell axon terminals, and also engages in dendrodendritic interactions with mitral and tufted cell dendrites; uses both GABA and dopamine as a neurotransmitter. BTO:0003796 NIFEXT:122 glomerular layer cell olfactory bulb (accessory) glomerular layer cell olfactory bulb glomerular layer cell olfactory bulb glomerularal cell olfactory bulb periglomerular cell periglomerular cell The small neuron in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb whose dendrites arborize within a glomerulus, where it receives synaptic input from olfactory receptor cell axon terminals, and also engages in dendrodendritic interactions with mitral and tufted cell dendrites; uses both GABA and dopamine as a neurotransmitter. MP:0009943 glomerular layer cell NIFEXT:122 olfactory bulb (accessory) glomerular layer cell NIFEXT:122 olfactory bulb glomerular layer cell NIFEXT:122 olfactory bulb glomerularal cell MP:0009943 CL:1001436 The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate tylotrich hair follicles. hair-tylotrich neuron The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate tylotrich hair follicles. MP:0000977 CL:1001437 The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate vellus hairs. hair-down neuron The subcutaneous mechanoreceptors that innervate vellus hairs. MP:0000979 CL:1001451 A sensory neuron of the dorsal root ganglia that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. proprioceptive neuron sensory neuron of dorsal root ganglion A sensory neuron of the dorsal root ganglia that senses body position and sends information about how much the muscle is stretched to the spinal cord. MP:0004297 proprioceptive neuron MP:0004297 CL:1001474 An inhibitory, GABAergic projection neuron in the striatum that integrates glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus. BTO:0004778 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic spiny projection neuron gamma-aminobutyric acid ergic spiny projection neuron striatal medium spiny neuron medium-sized densely spiny neuron medium spiny neuron An inhibitory, GABAergic projection neuron in the striatum that integrates glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus. MP:0008462 doi:10.1073/pnas.242428599 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic spiny projection neuron doi:10.1073/pnas.242428599 gamma-aminobutyric acid ergic spiny projection neuron doi:10.1073/pnas.242428599 striatal medium spiny neuron GO:0021773 medium-sized densely spiny neuron BTO:0004778 CL:1001502 The large glutaminergic nerve cells whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex. mitral cell The large glutaminergic nerve cells whose dendrites synapse with axons of the olfactory receptor neurons in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, and whose axons pass centrally in the olfactory tract to the olfactory cortex. MP:0009954 CL:1001503 The principal glutaminergic neuron located in the outer third of the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb; a single short primary dendrite traverses the outer external plexiform layer and terminates within an olfactory glomerulus in a tuft of branches, where it receives the input from olfactory receptor neuron axon terminals; axons of the tufted cells transfer information to a number of areas in the brain, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. olfactory bulb tufted cell The principal glutaminergic neuron located in the outer third of the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb; a single short primary dendrite traverses the outer external plexiform layer and terminates within an olfactory glomerulus in a tuft of branches, where it receives the input from olfactory receptor neuron axon terminals; axons of the tufted cells transfer information to a number of areas in the brain, including the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. MP:0009955 CL:1001505 The secretory neurons of the paraventricular nucleus that synthesize and secrete vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into blood vessels in the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system. parvocellular neuron parvocellular neurosecretory neuron parvocellular neurosecretory cell The secretory neurons of the paraventricular nucleus that synthesize and secrete vasopressin, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) into blood vessels in the hypothalamo-pituitary portal system. MP:0010125 CL:1001509 The neurons that utilize glycine as a neurotransmitter. FBbt:00048032 glycinergic neuron The neurons that utilize glycine as a neurotransmitter. MP:0010385 CL:1001516 The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the intestinal tract. intestinal enteroendocrine cell The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the intestinal tract. MP:0010802 CL:1001517 The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the stomach. stomach enteroendocrine cell The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the stomach. MP:0010803 CL:1001561 Chemosensitive cells that innervate the vomernasal organ epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting pheromone signals. vomeronasal sensory neuron Chemosensitive cells that innervate the vomernasal organ epithelium and are responsible for receiving and transmitting pheromone signals. MP:0011679 CL:1001566 OBSOLETE. A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. Duplicated term - merged into CL:0002638 obsolete bronchioalveolar stem cells true OBSOLETE. A respiratory stem cell found at the junction of the terminal (conductive) bronchiole and the respiratory bronchiole, which gives rise to alveolar cell types and club cells in response to lung injury. MP:0011691 CL:1001567 endothelial cell of lung pulmonary vessel endothelial cell lung endothelial cell CL:1001568 BTO:0001141 PAEC cell pulmonary artery endothelial cell PAEC cell BTO:0001141 CL:1001569 An interneuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. FMA:84777 hippocampal interneuron An interneuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. GOC:pr CL:1001571 A pyramidal neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. NIFSTD:sao131261273 SAO:sao131261273 hippocampus (CA) pyramidal cell hippocampus (CA) pyramidal neuron hippocampal pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron with a soma found in the hippocampus. GOC:pr PMID:19342486 hippocampus (CA) pyramidal cell NIFSTD:sao131261273 hippocampus (CA) pyramidal neuron NIFSTD:sao131261273 CL:1001572 A vascular endothelial cell found in colon blood vessels. CALOHA:TS-2397 colon endothelial cells colonic endothelial cell colon endothelial cell A vascular endothelial cell found in colon blood vessels. NPX:PDR https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-3432 colon endothelial cells CALOHA:TS-2397 colonic endothelial cell CALOHA:TS-2397 CL:1001573 Cell of the nasopharyngeal epithelium. CALOHA:TS-2398 nasopharynx respiratory epithelial cells nasopharyngeal epithelial cell Cell of the nasopharyngeal epithelium. NPX:PDR nasopharynx respiratory epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-2398 CL:1001575 Squamous cell of uterine cervix epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1251 cervix squamous cell cervix squamous epithelial cell cervix, uterine squamous epithelial cells uterine cervix squamous epithelial cell uterine cervix squamous epithelial cells uterine cervix squamous cell Squamous cell of uterine cervix epithelium. NPX:PDR cervix squamous cell CALOHA:TS-1251 cervix squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1251 cervix, uterine squamous epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-1251 uterine cervix squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1251 uterine cervix squamous epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-1251 CL:1001576 Squamous cell of oral epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1252 oral cavity mucosa squamous cell oral cavity mucosa squamous epithelial cell oral mucosa squamous epithelial cell oral mucosa squamous epithelial cells oral mucosa squamous cell Squamous cell of oral epithelium. NPX:PDR oral cavity mucosa squamous cell CALOHA:TS-1252 oral cavity mucosa squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1252 oral mucosa squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1252 oral mucosa squamous epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-1252 CL:1001577 Squamous cell of tonsil epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1253 tonsil squamous epithelial cell tonsil squamous epithelial cells tonsillar squamous cell tonsillar squamous epithelial cell tonsil squamous cell Squamous cell of tonsil epithelium. NPX:PDR tonsil squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1253 tonsil squamous epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-1253 tonsillar squamous cell CALOHA:TS-1253 tonsillar squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1253 CL:1001578 Squamous cell of vaginal epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1254 vagina squamous epithelial cell vagina squamous epithelial cells vaginal squamous cell vaginal squamous epithelial cell vagina squamous cell Squamous cell of vaginal epithelium. NPX:PDR vagina squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1254 vagina squamous epithelial cells CALOHA:TS-1254 vaginal squamous cell CALOHA:TS-1254 vaginal squamous epithelial cell CALOHA:TS-1254 CL:1001579 Glial cell of cerebral cortex. CALOHA:TS-1256 brain cortex glial cell cerebral cortex glial cells cerebrum cortex glial cell cerebral cortex glial cell Glial cell of cerebral cortex. NPX:PDR brain cortex glial cell CALOHA:TS-1256 cerebral cortex glial cells CALOHA:TS-1256 cerebrum cortex glial cell CALOHA:TS-1256 CL:1001580 A glial cell that is part of the hippocampus. CALOHA:TS-1257 hippocampus glial cell hippocampus neuroglial cell hippocampal glial cell A glial cell that is part of the hippocampus. NPX:PDR hippocampus glial cell CALOHA:TS-1257 hippocampus neuroglial cell CALOHA:TS-1257 CL:1001581 Glial cell of lateral ventricle. CALOHA:TS-1258 lateral ventricle glial cells lateral ventricle glial cell Glial cell of lateral ventricle. NPX:PDR lateral ventricle glial cells CALOHA:TS-1258 CL:1001582 Neuron of lateral ventricle. CALOHA:TS-1261 lateral ventricle neural cell lateral ventricle neuronal cell lateral ventricle neuronal cells lateral ventricle neuron Neuron of lateral ventricle. NPX:PDR lateral ventricle neural cell CALOHA:TS-1261 lateral ventricle neuronal cell CALOHA:TS-1261 lateral ventricle neuronal cells CALOHA:TS-1261 CL:1001583 OBSOLETE: Adipocytes found in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of breast. The breast consists of three main components, the skin, the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the functional glandular tissue that comprises both parenchyma and stroma. breast adipocytes obsolete breast adipocyte true OBSOLETE: Adipocytes found in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of breast. The breast consists of three main components, the skin, the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the functional glandular tissue that comprises both parenchyma and stroma. HPA:Breast breast adipocytes CALOHA:TS-2377 CL:1001585 Glandular cell of appendix epithelium. Example: Goblet cells; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. CALOHA:TS-1271 appendix glandular cells caecal appendix glandular cell cecal appendix glandular cell vermiform appendix glandular cell appendix glandular cell Glandular cell of appendix epithelium. Example: Goblet cells; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. NPX:PDR appendix glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1271 caecal appendix glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1271 cecal appendix glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1271 vermiform appendix glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1271 CL:1001586 Glandular cell of mammary epithelium. Example: glandular cells of large and intermediate ducts, glandular cells in terminal ducts. CALOHA:TS-1272 breast glandular cell breast glandular cells mammary glandular cell mammary gland glandular cell Glandular cell of mammary epithelium. Example: glandular cells of large and intermediate ducts, glandular cells in terminal ducts. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR breast glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1272 breast glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1272 mammary glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1272 CL:1001587 Glandular cell of uterine cervix epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1273 cervix glandular cell cervix, uterine glandular cell cervix, uterine glandular cells uterine cervix glandular cell Glandular cell of uterine cervix epithelium. NPX:PDR cervix glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1273 cervix, uterine glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1273 cervix, uterine glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1273 CL:1001588 Glandular cell of colon epithelium. Example: Goblet cells; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. CALOHA:TS-1274 colon glandular cells colon glandular cell Glandular cell of colon epithelium. Example: Goblet cells; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. NPX:PDR colon glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1274 CL:1001589 Glandular cell of duodenal epithelium. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Brunner's gland cell. CALOHA:TS-1275 duodenum glandular cells duodenum glandular cell Glandular cell of duodenal epithelium. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Brunner's gland cell. NPX:PDR duodenum glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1275 CL:1001590 Glandular cell of epididymal epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1276 epididymal glandular cell epididymis glandular cells epididymis glandular cell Glandular cell of epididymal epithelium. NPX:PDR epididymal glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1276 epididymis glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1276 CL:1001591 Glandular cell of oviduct epithelium. Example: peg cells, ciliated cells. CALOHA:TS-1277 fallopian tube glandular cell fallopian tube glandular cells uterine tube glandular cell oviduct glandular cell Glandular cell of oviduct epithelium. Example: peg cells, ciliated cells. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR fallopian tube glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1277 fallopian tube glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1277 uterine tube glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1277 CL:1001592 Glandular cell of gallbladder epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1278 gall bladder glandular cell gall bladder glandular cells gallbladder glandular cells gallbladder glandular cell Glandular cell of gallbladder epithelium. NPX:PDR gall bladder glandular cell FMA:7202 gall bladder glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1278 gallbladder glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1278 CL:1001593 Glandular cell of parathyroid epithelium. Example: Parathyroid chief cell and parathyroid oxyphil cells. CALOHA:TS-1279 parathyroid gland glandular cell parathyroid gland glandular cells parathyroid glandular cell Glandular cell of parathyroid epithelium. Example: Parathyroid chief cell and parathyroid oxyphil cells. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR parathyroid gland glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1279 parathyroid gland glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1279 CL:1001595 Glandular cell of rectal epithelium. Example: Goblet cell; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. CALOHA:TS-1281 rectal glandular cell rectum glandular cells rectum glandular cell Glandular cell of rectal epithelium. Example: Goblet cell; enterocytes or absorptive cells; enteroendocrine and M cells. NPX:PDR rectal glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1281 rectum glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1281 CL:1001596 Glandular cell of salivary gland. Example: Serous cells, mucous cells, cuboidal epithelial cells of the intercalated ducts, simple cuboidal epithelium of the striated ducts, epithelial cells of excretory ducts. CALOHA:TS-1282 salivary gland glandular cells salivary gland glandular cell Glandular cell of salivary gland. Example: Serous cells, mucous cells, cuboidal epithelial cells of the intercalated ducts, simple cuboidal epithelium of the striated ducts, epithelial cells of excretory ducts. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR salivary gland glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1282 CL:1001597 Glandular cell of seminal vesicle epithelium. CALOHA:TS-1283 seminal vesicle glandular cells seminal vesicle glandular cell Glandular cell of seminal vesicle epithelium. NPX:PDR seminal vesicle glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1283 CL:1001598 A glandular cell found in the epithelium of the small intestine. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Somatostatin-secreting Cells (D-cells) . CALOHA:TS-1286 FMA:86928 small bowel glandular cell small intestinal glandular cell small intestine glandular cells small intestine glandular cell A glandular cell found in the epithelium of the small intestine. Example: Enterocytes, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells; Paneth cells; M cells; Somatostatin-secreting Cells (D-cells) . NCI_Thesaurus:Small_Intestinal_Glandular_Cell NPX:PDR small bowel glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1286 small intestinal glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1286 small intestine glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1286 CL:1001599 Glandular cell of exocrine pancreas epithelium. Example: pancreatic acinar cell, glandular cells in pancreatic canaliculi, glandular cells in pancreatic ducts. BTO:0000028 CALOHA:TS-1242 exocrine pancreas glandular cell pancreas exocrine glandular cells pancreas exocrine glandular cell Glandular cell of exocrine pancreas epithelium. Example: pancreatic acinar cell, glandular cells in pancreatic canaliculi, glandular cells in pancreatic ducts. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR exocrine pancreas glandular cell CALOHA:TS-1242 pancreas exocrine glandular cells CALOHA:TS-1242 CL:1001601 Hormone secreting cell located in the cortex of adrenal gland. Glandular cells in the adrenal cortex secrete mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and androgens. CALOHA:TS-2177 adrenal gland glandular cells adrenal glandular cell suprarenal gland glandular cell adrenal gland glandular cell Hormone secreting cell located in the cortex of adrenal gland. Glandular cells in the adrenal cortex secrete mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids and androgens. NPX:PDR adrenal gland glandular cells CALOHA:TS-2177 adrenal glandular cell CALOHA:TS-2177 suprarenal gland glandular cell CALOHA:TS-2177 CL:1001602 Endothelial cells forming the walls of the capillaries within the cerebral cortex. CALOHA:TS-2372 cerebral cortex endothelial cells endothelial cells of cerebral cortex cerebral cortex endothelial cell Endothelial cells forming the walls of the capillaries within the cerebral cortex. NPX:PDR cerebral cortex endothelial cells CALOHA:TS-2372 endothelial cells of cerebral cortex CALOHA:TS-2372 CL:1001603 Circulating macrophages and tissue macrophages (alveolar macrophages) of lung. CALOHA:TS-0576 lung macrophages lung macrophage Circulating macrophages and tissue macrophages (alveolar macrophages) of lung. HPA:HPA NPX:PDR lung macrophages CALOHA:TS-0576 CL:1001606 Keratinocyte from foreskin. CALOHA:TS-0385 foreskin keratinocyte Keratinocyte from foreskin. NPX:PDR CL:1001607 Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in joints. CALOHA:TS-0056 articular chondrocyte Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in joints. NPX:PDR CL:1001608 Fibroblast from foreskin. CALOHA:TS-0384 BJ fibroblast foreskin fibroblast Fibroblast from foreskin. NPX:PDR CL:1001609 Fibroblast from muscle organ. CALOHA:TS-0643 muscle fibroblast Fibroblast from muscle organ. NPX:PDR CL:1001610 Hematopoietic cells resident in the bone marrow. Include: hematopoietic stem cells (lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells) and the precursor cells for thrombocytes, erythrocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. CALOHA:TS-2109 bone marrow hematopoietic cells bone marrow poietic cells bone marrow hematopoietic cell Hematopoietic cells resident in the bone marrow. Include: hematopoietic stem cells (lymphoid stem cells and myeloid stem cells) and the precursor cells for thrombocytes, erythrocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes and lymphocytes. NPX:PDR bone marrow hematopoietic cells CALOHA:TS-2109 bone marrow poietic cells CALOHA:TS-2109 CL:1001611 Neuron of the cerebellum. CALOHA:TS-2359 FMA:84665 cerebellum neuron cerebellar neuron Neuron of the cerebellum. NPX:PDR cerebellum neuron CALOHA:TS-2359 Any melanocyte that is part of a epidermis. 2014-02-03T23:03:09Z CL:2000000 These cells are found primarily, but not exclusively, in primates including humans epidermal melanocyte CL:2000000 Any melanocyte that is part of a epidermis. GOC:TermGenie A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form found in the circulatory pool of blood. 2014-02-11T17:29:04Z CL:2000001 peripheral blood mononuclear cell CL:2000001 A leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form found in the circulatory pool of blood. GOC:TermGenie A specialized, enlarged, connective tissue cell of the decidua with enlarged nucleus, dense membrane‐bound secretory granules and cytoplasmic accumulation of glycogen and lipid droplets. These cells develop by the transformation of endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. 2014-02-20T23:06:41Z BTO:0002770 BTO:0005756 NCIT:C32429 decidua cell decidual stromal cell CL:2000002 decidual cell CL:2000002 A specialized, enlarged, connective tissue cell of the decidua with enlarged nucleus, dense membrane‐bound secretory granules and cytoplasmic accumulation of glycogen and lipid droplets. These cells develop by the transformation of endometrial stromal cells during decidualization. BTO:0002770 NCIT:C32429 PMID:30013421 PMID:30429548 Wiki:Decidual_cells&oldid=937509751 Wiki:Decidualization&oldid=908981933 decidua cell BTO:0002770 NCIT:C32429 decidual stromal cell BTO:0005756 PMID:11719592 Any cell that is part of a pituitary gland. 2014-03-26T22:14:56Z CL:2000004 pituitary gland cell CL:2000004 Any cell that is part of a pituitary gland. GOC:TermGenie Any macroglial cell that is part of a brain. 2014-03-28T21:35:27Z CL:2000005 brain macroglial cell CL:2000005 Any macroglial cell that is part of a brain. GOC:TermGenie Any germinal center B cell that is part of a tonsil. 2014-03-28T21:35:33Z CL:2000006 tonsil germinal center B cell CL:2000006 Any germinal center B cell that is part of a tonsil. GOC:TermGenie Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in the knee joint. 2014-06-04T14:40:11Z CL:2000007 articular chondrocyte of knee joint CL:2000007 Chondrocyte forming the hyaline cartilage found in the knee joint. GOC:TermGenie Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. 2014-06-04T15:07:42Z CL:2000008 microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000008 Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. GOC:TermGenie Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. 2014-06-04T15:09:18Z CL:2000009 obsolete microvascular endothelium blood vessel endothelial cell true CL:2000009 Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. GOC:TermGenie Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a dermis. 2014-06-04T15:12:06Z CL:2000010 dermis blood vessel endothelial cell CL:2000010 Any blood vessel endothelial cell that is part of a dermis. GOC:TermGenie Any endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel that is part of a dermis. 2014-06-04T15:15:08Z CL:2000011 dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell CL:2000011 Any endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel that is part of a dermis. GOC:TermGenie Any skin fibroblast that is part of a pedal digit skin. 2014-06-04T15:16:44Z CL:2000012 fibroblast of pedal digit skin CL:2000012 Any skin fibroblast that is part of a pedal digit skin. GOC:TermGenie Any skin fibroblast that is part of a skin of abdomen. 2014-06-04T15:18:16Z CL:2000013 fibroblast of skin of abdomen CL:2000013 Any skin fibroblast that is part of a skin of abdomen. GOC:TermGenie Any skin fibroblast that is part of a upper leg skin. 2014-06-04T15:19:44Z CL:2000014 fibroblast of upper leg skin CL:2000014 Any skin fibroblast that is part of a upper leg skin. GOC:TermGenie Any skin fibroblast that is part of a arm. 2014-06-04T15:29:06Z CL:2000015 fibroblast of arm CL:2000015 Any skin fibroblast that is part of a arm. GOC:TermGenie Any lung endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. 2014-06-04T16:00:56Z CL:2000016 lung microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000016 Any lung endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a periodontal ligament. 2014-06-04T16:50:33Z CL:2000017 fibroblast of peridontal ligament CL:2000017 Any fibroblast that is part of a periodontal ligament. GOC:TermGenie Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a coronary artery. 2014-06-04T17:08:47Z CL:2000018 endothelial cell of coronary artery CL:2000018 Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a coronary artery. GOC:TermGenie Any photoreceptor cell that is part of a compound eye. 2014-06-24T23:16:45Z FBbt:00004211 CL:2000019 compound eye photoreceptor cell CL:2000019 Any photoreceptor cell that is part of a compound eye. GOC:TermGenie Any native cell that is part of a inner cell mass. 2014-06-24T23:16:53Z CL:2000020 inner cell mass cell CL:2000020 Any native cell that is part of a inner cell mass. GOC:TermGenie Any native cell that is part of a sebaceous gland. 2014-06-24T23:17:00Z CL:2000021 sebaceous gland cell CL:2000021 Any native cell that is part of a sebaceous gland. GOC:TermGenie Any native cell that is part of a cardiac septum. 2014-06-24T23:17:07Z CL:2000022 cardiac septum cell CL:2000022 Any native cell that is part of a cardiac septum. GOC:TermGenie Any interneuron that is part of a spinal cord ventral column. 2014-06-25T00:23:36Z CL:2000023 spinal cord ventral column interneuron CL:2000023 Any interneuron that is part of a spinal cord ventral column. GOC:TermGenie Any neuron that is part of a spinal cord medial motor column. 2014-06-25T00:23:43Z CL:2000024 spinal cord medial motor column neuron CL:2000024 Any neuron that is part of a spinal cord medial motor column. GOC:TermGenie Any oligodendrocyte that is part of a spinal cord. 2014-06-25T00:23:50Z CL:2000025 spinal cord oligodendrocyte CL:2000025 Any oligodendrocyte that is part of a spinal cord. GOC:TermGenie Any Golgi cell that is part of a cerebellum. 2014-06-25T00:23:57Z CL:2000026 obsolete cerebellum Golgi cell true CL:2000026 Any Golgi cell that is part of a cerebellum. GOC:TermGenie Any basket cell that is part of a cerebellum. 2014-06-25T00:24:03Z CL:2000027 cerebellum basket cell CL:2000027 Any basket cell that is part of a cerebellum. GOC:TermGenie Any glutamatergic neuron that is part of a cerebellum. 2014-06-25T00:24:10Z CL:2000028 cerebellum glutamatergic neuron CL:2000028 Any glutamatergic neuron that is part of a cerebellum. GOC:TermGenie Any neuron that is part of a central nervous system. 2014-06-25T01:17:43Z CL:2000029 central nervous system neuron CL:2000029 Any neuron that is part of a central nervous system. GOC:TermGenie Any native cell that is part of a hypothalamus. 2014-06-25T01:17:50Z CL:2000030 hypothalamus cell CL:2000030 Any native cell that is part of a hypothalamus. GOC:TermGenie Any neuron that is part of a lateral line ganglion. 2014-06-25T01:17:57Z CL:2000031 lateral line ganglion neuron CL:2000031 Any neuron that is part of a lateral line ganglion. GOC:TermGenie A neuron that is part of a peripheral nervous system. 2014-06-25T02:28:17Z FMA:84664 PNS neuron peripheral neuron CL:2000032 peripheral nervous system neuron CL:2000032 A neuron that is part of a peripheral nervous system. GOC:TermGenie ISBN:0721662544 Any basal cell of epidermis that is part of a limb. 2014-06-25T02:28:25Z CL:2000033 limb basal cell of epidermis CL:2000033 Any basal cell of epidermis that is part of a limb. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast hair cell that is part of a anterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:44:37Z CL:2000034 anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell CL:2000034 Any neuromast hair cell that is part of a anterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast mantle cell that is part of an anterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:44:44Z CL:2000035 anterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell CL:2000035 Any neuromast mantle cell that is part of an anterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast support cell that is part of a anterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:44:51Z anterior lateral line neuromast support cell CL:2000036 anterior lateral line neuromast supporting cell CL:2000036 Any neuromast support cell that is part of a anterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast hair cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:44:57Z CL:2000037 posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell CL:2000037 Any neuromast hair cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast mantle cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:45:04Z CL:2000038 posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell CL:2000038 Any neuromast mantle cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any neuromast support cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. 2014-06-25T03:45:11Z posterior lateral line neuromast support cell CL:2000039 posterior lateral line neuromast supporting cell CL:2000039 Any neuromast support cell that is part of a posterior lateral line. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a urinary bladder. 2014-07-09T00:04:47Z CL:2000040 bladder microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000040 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a urinary bladder. GOC:TermGenie Any dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. 2014-07-09T00:09:54Z CL:2000041 dermis microvascular lymphatic vessel endothelial cell CL:2000041 Any dermis lymphatic vessel endothelial cell that is part of a microvascular endothelium. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a embryo. 2014-07-09T00:12:00Z CL:2000042 embryonic fibroblast CL:2000042 Any fibroblast that is part of a embryo. GOC:TermGenie Any pericyte cell that is part of a brain. 2014-07-09T00:18:22Z CL:2000043 brain pericyte CL:2000043 Any pericyte cell that is part of a brain. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a brain. 2014-07-09T00:24:53Z CL:2000044 brain microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000044 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a brain. GOC:TermGenie Any melanocyte that is part of a prepuce of penis. 2014-07-09T00:45:07Z CL:2000045 foreskin melanocyte CL:2000045 Any melanocyte that is part of a prepuce of penis. GOC:TermGenie Any cardiac muscle cell that is part of a cardiac ventricle. 2014-08-12T20:50:28Z CL:2000046 ventricular cardiac muscle cell CL:2000046 Any cardiac muscle cell that is part of a cardiac ventricle. GOC:TermGenie Any motor neuron that is part of a brainstem. 2014-10-02T23:52:53Z CL:2000047 brainstem motor neuron CL:2000047 Any motor neuron that is part of a brainstem. GOC:TermGenie A lower motor neuron whose soma is located in the anterior horn. Anterior horn motor neurons project from the anterior portion of the grey matter in the spinal cord to some skeletal muscles. 2014-10-03T00:26:27Z NCIT:C12645 anterior horn cell ventral horn of spinal cord spinal cord motor neuron CL:2000048 Yang & Connolly (DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-37101-8.00140-5) classify these as alpha motor neurons. Consider reflecting this if more references support this. anterior horn motor neuron CL:2000048 A lower motor neuron whose soma is located in the anterior horn. Anterior horn motor neurons project from the anterior portion of the grey matter in the spinal cord to some skeletal muscles. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-12-817962-8.00025-1 Any pyramidal cell that is part of a primary motor cortex. 2014-10-06T17:39:04Z CL:2000049 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12524689 primary motor cortex pyramidal cell CL:2000049 Any pyramidal cell that is part of a primary motor cortex. GOC:TermGenie Any retinal ganglion cell that is part of a retina. 2014-10-06T17:43:59Z CL:2000050 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2889210 obsolete retina retinal ganglion cell true CL:2000050 Any retinal ganglion cell that is part of a retina. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a spleen. 2014-10-06T18:58:47Z CL:2000051 splenic fibroblast CL:2000051 Any fibroblast that is part of a spleen. GOC:TermGenie Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a umbilical cord. 2014-10-06T19:01:48Z CL:2000052 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=8010 umbilical artery endothelial cell CL:2000052 Any endothelial cell of artery that is part of a umbilical cord. GOC:TermGenie Any endothelial cell that is part of a spleen. 2014-10-06T19:06:04Z CL:2000053 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=5500 splenic endothelial cell CL:2000053 Any endothelial cell that is part of a spleen. GOC:TermGenie CL:2000054 A large, granular, liver specific natural killer cell that adheres to the endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoid. Pit cells are named for the presence of large cytoplasmic granules that resemble pits (pips) of fruit. hepatic pit cell A large, granular, liver specific natural killer cell that adheres to the endothelial cells of the hepatic sinusoid. GOC:dos PMID:9408963 Any dendritic cell that is part of a liver. 2014-10-06T19:16:11Z hepatic dendritic cell CL:2000055 http://www.jleukbio.org/content/66/2/322.abstract liver dendritic cell CL:2000055 Any dendritic cell that is part of a liver. GOC:TermGenie Any pyramidal cell that is part of a regional part of cerebral cortex. 2014-10-06T19:20:41Z CL:2000056 Meynert cell CL:2000056 Any pyramidal cell that is part of a regional part of cerebral cortex. GOC:TermGenie Any osteoblast that is part of a femur. 2014-10-06T19:29:45Z CL:2000057 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=4610 femural osteoblast CL:2000057 Any osteoblast that is part of a femur. GOC:TermGenie Any osteoblast that is part of a skull. 2014-10-06T19:48:30Z CL:2000058 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=4600 calvarial osteoblast CL:2000058 Any osteoblast that is part of a skull. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a prostate gland. 2014-10-07T17:46:27Z CL:2000059 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=4400 prostate gland microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000059 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a prostate gland. GOC:TermGenie A trophoblast of placental villi. These cells fuse to form synctial trophoplast - the placental side of the interface between the placenta and maternal blood sinusoids in the decidua. 2014-10-07T17:48:27Z BTO:0006119 BTO:0006208 vCTB villous cytotrophoblast CL:2000060 Same as synctial trophoblast? placental villous trophoblast http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7120 CL:2000060 A trophoblast of placental villi. These cells fuse to form synctial trophoplast - the placental side of the interface between the placenta and maternal blood sinusoids in the decidua. PMID:31049600 vCTB PMID:31049600 Any mesenchymal stem cell that is part of a placenta. 2014-10-07T17:51:11Z CL:2000061 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7140 placental amniotic mesenchymal stromal cell CL:2000061 Any mesenchymal stem cell that is part of a placenta. GOC:TermGenie Any capillary endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. 2014-10-07T17:55:56Z CL:2000062 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK53245/ placental villus capillary endothelial cell CL:2000062 Any capillary endothelial cell that is part of a placenta. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a female gonad. 2014-10-07T17:57:42Z CL:2000063 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7330 ovarian fibroblast CL:2000063 Any fibroblast that is part of a female gonad. GOC:TermGenie Any epithelial cell that is part of a female gonad. 2014-10-07T17:59:13Z CL:2000064 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7310 ovarian surface epithelial cell CL:2000064 Any epithelial cell that is part of a female gonad. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a female urethra. 2014-10-07T18:18:01Z CL:2000065 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7300 ovarian microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000065 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a female urethra. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac ventricle. 2014-10-07T18:35:38Z CL:2000066 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=6310 cardiac ventricle fibroblast CL:2000066 Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac ventricle. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac atrium. 2014-10-07T18:36:54Z CL:2000067 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=6320 cardiac atrium fibroblast CL:2000067 Any fibroblast that is part of a cardiac atrium. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a pericardium. 2014-10-07T18:38:06Z CL:2000068 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=6430 pericardium fibroblast CL:2000068 Any fibroblast that is part of a pericardium. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a gallbladder. 2014-10-07T18:41:43Z CL:2000069 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=5430 gallbladder fibroblast CL:2000069 Any fibroblast that is part of a gallbladder. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a optic choroid. 2014-10-07T18:50:43Z CL:2000070 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=6620 optic choroid fibroblast CL:2000070 Any fibroblast that is part of a optic choroid. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a breast. 2014-10-07T19:55:30Z CL:2000071 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7600 mammary microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000071 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a breast. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a adipose tissue. 2014-10-07T22:13:45Z CL:2000072 http://www.sciencellonline.com/site/productInformation.php?keyword=7200 adipose microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000072 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a adipose tissue. GOC:TermGenie Any migratory neural crest cell that is part of a cardiac neural crest. 2014-11-05T01:18:43Z cardiac neural crest cell CL:2000073 migratory cardiac neural crest cell CL:2000073 Any migratory neural crest cell that is part of a cardiac neural crest. GOC:TermGenie cardiac neural crest cell PMID:33060096 Any leukocyte that is part of a spleen. 2014-11-05T01:26:50Z CL:2000074 Splenocytes is a vague term that refers to any one of the different white blood cell types in the spleen. This name is seen many references as such and is not explained further, necessitating a need for this terminology. splenocyte CL:2000074 Any leukocyte that is part of a spleen. GOC:TermGenie Any endodermal cell that is part of a anterior visceral endoderm. 2014-11-05T01:34:13Z CL:2000075 anterior visceral endoderm cell CL:2000075 Any endodermal cell that is part of a anterior visceral endoderm. GOC:TermGenie Any vein endothelial cell that is part of a hindlimb stylopod. 2014-12-02T18:40:47Z CL:2000076 hindlimb stylopod vein endothelial cell CL:2000076 Any vein endothelial cell that is part of a hindlimb stylopod. GOC:TermGenie Any striated muscle cell that is part of a skeletal muscle tissue of pectoralis major. 2014-12-02T18:48:17Z CL:2000077 skeletal muscle tissue of pectoralis major striated muscle cell CL:2000077 Any striated muscle cell that is part of a skeletal muscle tissue of pectoralis major. GOC:TermGenie Any pericyte cell that is part of a placenta. 2014-12-02T18:51:03Z CL:2000078 placental pericyte CL:2000078 Any pericyte cell that is part of a placenta. GOC:TermGenie Any mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow that is part of a femur. 2014-12-02T19:07:31Z CL:2000079 mesenchymal stem cell of femoral bone marrow CL:2000079 Any mesenchymal stem cell of the bone marrow that is part of a femur. GOC:TermGenie Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an abdomen. 2014-12-02T19:10:34Z mesenchymal stem cell of abdominal adipose CL:2000080 mesenchymal stem cell of abdominal adipose tissue CL:2000080 Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an abdomen. GOC:TermGenie Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of face. 2014-12-02T19:10:40Z CL:2000081 melanocyte of skin of face CL:2000081 Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of face. GOC:TermGenie Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of prepuce of penis. 2014-12-02T19:10:45Z CL:2000082 melanocyte of foreskin CL:2000082 Any melanocyte of skin that is part of a skin of prepuce of penis. GOC:TermGenie Any hair follicle dermal papilla cell that is part of a scalp. 2014-12-02T19:10:50Z CL:2000083 hair follicle dermal papilla cell of scalp CL:2000083 Any hair follicle dermal papilla cell that is part of a scalp. GOC:TermGenie Any goblet cell that is part of a conjunctiva. 2014-12-02T19:28:38Z CL:2000084 conjunctiva goblet cell CL:2000084 Any goblet cell that is part of a conjunctiva. GOC:TermGenie Any mononuclear cell that is part of a umbilical cord. 2014-12-02T20:14:16Z CL:2000085 mononuclear cell of umbilical cord CL:2000085 Any mononuclear cell that is part of a umbilical cord. GOC:TermGenie Any basket cell that is part of a neocortex. 2014-12-24T00:37:19Z CL:2000086 neocortex basket cell CL:2000086 Any basket cell that is part of a neocortex. GOC:TermGenie Any basket cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. 2014-12-24T00:37:24Z CL:2000087 dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation basket cell CL:2000087 Any basket cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. GOC:TermGenie Any basket cell that is part of a Ammon's horn. 2014-12-24T00:37:30Z CL:2000088 Ammon's horn basket cell CL:2000088 Any basket cell that is part of a Ammon's horn. GOC:TermGenie A granule cell that has soma location in the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampal formation and has an elliptical cell body and characteristic cone-shaped tree of spiny apical dendrites. The branches extend throughout the molecular layer and the distal tips of the dendritic tree end just at the hippocampal fissure or at the ventricular surface. The dentate gyrus granule cell is the principal cell type of the dentate gyrus. 2015-02-23T05:48:23Z dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell CL:2000089 As far as can be determined, all dentate granule cells appear to project to CA3 and the axon trajectory is partially correlated with the position of the parent cell body. dentate gyrus granule cell CL:2000089 A granule cell that has soma location in the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampal formation and has an elliptical cell body and characteristic cone-shaped tree of spiny apical dendrites. The branches extend throughout the molecular layer and the distal tips of the dendritic tree end just at the hippocampal fissure or at the ventricular surface. The dentate gyrus granule cell is the principal cell type of the dentate gyrus. GOC:TermGenie PMID:17765709 As far as can be determined, all dentate granule cells appear to project to CA3 and the axon trajectory is partially correlated with the position of the parent cell body. PMID:17765709 Any stellate cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. 2015-02-23T05:48:40Z CL:2000090 dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation stellate cell CL:2000090 Any stellate cell that is part of a dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation. GOC:TermGenie Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a endometrial blood vessel. 2015-03-31T21:02:36Z CL:2000091 endometrial microvascular endothelial cell CL:2000091 Any microvascular endothelial cell that is part of a endometrial blood vessel. GOC:TermGenie Any keratinocyte that is part of a hair follicle. 2015-03-31T21:07:02Z CL:2000092 hair follicular keratinocyte CL:2000092 Any keratinocyte that is part of a hair follicle. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast of lung that is part of a bronchus. 2015-03-31T21:16:22Z CL:2000093 bronchus fibroblast of lung CL:2000093 Any fibroblast of lung that is part of a bronchus. GOC:TermGenie Any epithelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa that is part of a nasal cavity respiratory epithelium. 2015-03-31T22:25:17Z CL:2000094 nasal cavity respiratory epithelium epithelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa CL:2000094 Any epithelial cell of viscerocranial mucosa that is part of a nasal cavity respiratory epithelium. GOC:TermGenie Any hematopoietic stem cell that is part of a umbilical cord blood. 2015-05-26T18:58:34Z CL:2000095 cord blood hematopoietic stem cell CL:2000095 Any hematopoietic stem cell that is part of a umbilical cord blood. GOC:TermGenie Any fibroblast that is part of a reticular layer of dermis. 2015-08-11T16:28:16Z CL:2000096 fibroblast of the reticular layer of dermis CL:2000096 Any fibroblast that is part of a reticular layer of dermis. GOC:TermGenie Any dopaminergic neuron that is part of a midbrain. 2015-12-03T16:42:40Z CL:2000097 midbrain dopaminergic neuron CL:2000097 Any dopaminergic neuron that is part of a midbrain. GOC:TermGenie A ciliated epithelial cell of the esophagus. 2019-02-09T16:40:30Z CL:3000000 ciliated epithelial cell of esophagus CL:3000000 A ciliated epithelial cell of the esophagus. GOC:CellBLAST PMID:29802404 A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of the placenta. A Hofbauer cell expresses high levels of growth factors and metalloproteinases that support vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, branching morphogenesis and tissue remodeling. A Hofbauer cell has a fetal origin and is present throughout pregnancy. 2019-02-18T19:41:20Z HBC CL:3000001 Hofbauer cells are a heterogenic group of macrophages that resemble M2-like cells. Initially described in chorionic villi in humans, a Hofbauer cell is now often used to describe any fetal-derived placental macrophage that resides within the placental villous core, amnion, and chorion laeve. Hofbauer cell CL:3000001 A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of the placenta. A Hofbauer cell expresses high levels of growth factors and metalloproteinases that support vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, branching morphogenesis and tissue remodeling. A Hofbauer cell has a fetal origin and is present throughout pregnancy. GOC:CellBLAST PMID:30429548 PMID:30498493 PMID:34745147 PMID:35438172 HBC Hofbauer cells are a heterogenic group of macrophages that resemble M2-like cells. Initially described in chorionic villi in humans, a Hofbauer cell is now often used to describe any fetal-derived placental macrophage that resides within the placental villous core, amnion, and chorion laeve. PMID:30498493 Sympathetic noradrenergic neuron. 2019-02-25T19:30:14Z CL:3000002 sympathetic noradrenergic neuron CL:3000002 Sympathetic noradrenergic neuron. GOC:CellBLAST PMID:30096314 Sympathetic cholinergic neuron. 2019-02-25T19:32:20Z CL:3000003 sympathetic cholinergic neuron CL:3000003 Sympathetic cholinergic neuron. GOC:CellBLAST PMID:30096314 Peripheral sensory neuron. 2019-02-25T19:34:33Z CL:3000004 peripheral sensory neuron CL:3000004 Peripheral sensory neuron. GOC:CellBLAST PMID:30096314 CL:4006000 A fibroblast that is part of the breast. breast fibroblast fibroblast of breast CL:4006001 A fibroblast that is part of the skin of scalp. skin of scalp fibroblast fibroblast of skin of scalp CL:4023000 A motor neuron that innervates both intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers. Low abundancy. They control both muscle contraction and responsiveness of the sensory feedback from muscle spindles. beta motor neuron A motor neuron that innervates both intrafusal and extrafusal muscle fibers. Low abundancy. They control both muscle contraction and responsiveness of the sensory feedback from muscle spindles. PMID:25346659 CL:4023001 A beta motor neuron that innervates nuclear chain fibers. static beta motor neuron A beta motor neuron that innervates nuclear chain fibers. PMID:25346659 CL:4023002 A beta motor neuron that innervates the nuclear bag fibers of muscle spindles. dynamic beta motor neuron A beta motor neuron that innervates the nuclear bag fibers of muscle spindles. PMID:25346659 CL:4023003 A type of intrafusal muscle fiber that has nuclei arranged in a linear row. Unlike nuclear bag fibers, the equatorial region of these fibers (in the centre of the spindle) is not expanded. These fibers are responsible for the detection of changes in muscle length. They are innervated by static gamma motor neurons and are principally associated with type II sensory fibers. nuclear chain fiber A type of intrafusal muscle fiber that has nuclei arranged in a linear row. Unlike nuclear bag fibers, the equatorial region of these fibers (in the centre of the spindle) is not expanded. These fibers are responsible for the detection of changes in muscle length. They are innervated by static gamma motor neurons and are principally associated with type II sensory fibers. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-39632-5.00024-4 PMID:139469 CL:4023004 A type of intrafusal muscle fiber that lies in the center of a muscle spindle. Nuclei are clustered centrally and give the equatorial region a swollen appearance. They are associated with associated with dynamic gamma motor neurons, and the stretching of the equatorial region of the nuclear bag fibers results in an increase in the firing rate of type Ia sensory fibers. nuclear bag fiber A type of intrafusal muscle fiber that lies in the center of a muscle spindle. Nuclei are clustered centrally and give the equatorial region a swollen appearance. They are associated with associated with dynamic gamma motor neurons, and the stretching of the equatorial region of the nuclear bag fibers results in an increase in the firing rate of type Ia sensory fibers. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-39632-5.00024-4 PMID:139469 CL:4023005 A nuclear bag fiber that is sensitive mainly to the rate of change in muscle length. bag1 fiber nuclear bag1 intrafusal fiber dynamic nuclear bag fiber A nuclear bag fiber that is sensitive mainly to the rate of change in muscle length. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-39632-5.00024-4 CL:4023006 A nuclear bag fiber that is sensitive only changes in muscle length but not the rate of that change. bag2 fiber nuclear bag2 intrafusal fiber static nuclear bag fiber A nuclear bag fiber that is sensitive only changes in muscle length but not the rate of that change. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-39632-5.00024-4 CL:4023007 L2/3 bipolar vip interneuron (Mus) A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron with bipolar morphology, with a soma found in L2/3. L2/3 bipolar vip cells have extending axons across all layers (with preferences for layers II/III and Va) and a dendritic tree that is vertically more restricted than deeper layer vip cells and extend fewer dendrites into the layers outside their home layer (location of soma). L2/3 bipolar vip cells have great variability in firing patterns, though most are continuous adapting. L2/3 bipolar vip cells are more depolarized in their resting state, had less fast rectification, and had smaller after hyperpolarization than deeper vip cells. L2/3 bipolar Vip (Mus musculus) L2/3 bipolar vip GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron with bipolar morphology, with a soma found in L2/3. L2/3 bipolar vip cells have extending axons across all layers (with preferences for layers II/III and Va) and a dendritic tree that is vertically more restricted than deeper layer vip cells and extend fewer dendrites into the layers outside their home layer (location of soma). L2/3 bipolar vip cells have great variability in firing patterns, though most are continuous adapting. L2/3 bipolar vip cells are more depolarized in their resting state, had less fast rectification, and had smaller after hyperpolarization than deeper vip cells. PMID:26420784 CL:4023008 IT glut A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to structures of telencephalic origins. ILX:0770100 IT projecting neuron intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to structures of telencephalic origins. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023009 ET glut A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to structures not derived from telencephalon. ILX:0770101 ET projecting neuron extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to structures not derived from telencephalon. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023010 A7 interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that is strongly labelled for α7 nAChRs. These cells have soma found in L1 and have multipolar dendrites with vertically descending axonal collaterals that project deep into the column, usually branching and terminating in L5A. A7 cell (Mus musculus) Unlike typical Lamp5 electrophysiology, A7 cells have Vip- and Sst-like firing properties, with active depolarizing hump at near-threshold membrane potentials, and larger hyperpolarization sag, stronger burst, and rebound firing. A7 cells have a transcriptomics signature that looks like Lamp5 GABAergic interneuron. alpha7 GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mmus) A GABAergic cortical interneuron that is strongly labelled for α7 nAChRs. These cells have soma found in L1 and have multipolar dendrites with vertically descending axonal collaterals that project deep into the column, usually branching and terminating in L5A. PMID:30413647 PMID:33184512 Unlike typical Lamp5 electrophysiology, A7 cells have Vip- and Sst-like firing properties, with active depolarizing hump at near-threshold membrane potentials, and larger hyperpolarization sag, stronger burst, and rebound firing. A7 cells have a transcriptomics signature that looks like Lamp5 GABAergic interneuron. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 PMID:30413647 PMID:33184512 CL:4023011 Lamp5 cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Lamp5 ILX:0770149 lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Lamp5 PMID:30382198 CL:4023012 NP glut neuron A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects axons locally rather than distantly. ILX:0770103 NP neuron near-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects axons locally rather than distantly. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023013 CT glut A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to the thalamus. CT projecting neuron corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that projects to the thalamus. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023014 L5 vip interneuron (Mus) A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in L5. L5 vip cells have mostly local morphology with some deep-projecting axons. They show only moderate resistance, comparable to that of sst subclass and unlike typical Vip subclass cells that tend to show high input resistance. L5 vip cells show particularly low resting membrane potential. L5 VIP (Mus musculus) L5 vip GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in L5. L5 vip cells have mostly local morphology with some deep-projecting axons. They show only moderate resistance, comparable to that of sst subclass and unlike typical Vip subclass cells that tend to show high input resistance. L5 vip cells show particularly low resting membrane potential. PMID:26420784 PMID:26612957 CL:4023015 sncg cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Gamma-synuclein ILX:0770150 sncg GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Gamma-synuclein PMID:33186530 CL:4023016 vip cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ILX:0770151 vip GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses vasoactive intestinal polypeptide PMID:33186530 CL:4023017 sst cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses somatostatin (sst) ILX:0770152 sst GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic neuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses somatostatin (sst) PMID:27477017 CL:4023018 pvalb cortical interneuron A GABAergic interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Parvalbumin. ILX:0770154 pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses Parvalbumin. PMID:27477017 CL:4023019 A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron that expresses cck. L5/6 cck cells have soma found mainly in L5 and L6 and have large axonal arborization. L5/6 CCK Vip (Mus musculus) L5/6 cck, vip GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A vip GABAergic cortical interneuron that expresses cck. L5/6 cck cells have soma found mainly in L5 and L6 and have large axonal arborization. PMID:33184512 CL:4023020 A gamma motor neuron that innervates dynamic nuclear bag fibers (bag1 fibers) and enhances the sensitivities of Ia sensory neurons. They alter muscle spindle sensitivity and increases its discharge in response to velocity of muscle length (rather than just magnitude). dynamic gamma motor neuron A gamma motor neuron that innervates dynamic nuclear bag fibers (bag1 fibers) and enhances the sensitivities of Ia sensory neurons. They alter muscle spindle sensitivity and increases its discharge in response to velocity of muscle length (rather than just magnitude). PMID:13933877 PMID:139469 WikipediaVersion:Gamma_motor_neuron&oldid=906640465 CL:4023021 A gamma motor neuron that innervates static nuclear bag fibers (bag2 fibers) and increases their firing, in response to an increase in the magnitude of change in length, and controls the static sensitivity of the stretch reflex. static gamma motor neuron A gamma motor neuron that innervates static nuclear bag fibers (bag2 fibers) and increases their firing, in response to an increase in the magnitude of change in length, and controls the static sensitivity of the stretch reflex. PMID:13933877 PMID:139469 WikipediaVersion:Gamma_motor_neuron&oldid=906640465 CL:4023022 canopy lamp5 interneuron A Lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron that has extended axons in the surface of L1. Canopy Lamp5 cells resemble neurogliaform cells in having elongated horizontal axonal arbors largely confined to L1; but the dendritic arbors are wider and have fewer branches, while the axon is less tortuous and extends further from the soma canopy lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mmus) A Lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron that has extended axons in the surface of L1. Canopy Lamp5 cells resemble neurogliaform cells in having elongated horizontal axonal arbors largely confined to L1; but the dendritic arbors are wider and have fewer branches, while the axon is less tortuous and extends further from the soma PMID:30413647 CL:4023023 L5,6 NGC Lamp5 interneuron (Mus) A lamp 5 GABAergic cortical interneuron with neurogliaform morphology with a soma found in L5,6. L5,6 NGC lamp5 have deep afterhyperpolarization (AHP) but narrow action potentials (APs). Unlike other deep neurogliaform cells (which are caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) derived), L5,6 NGC lamp5 cells are medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived L5,6 NGC Lamp5 (Mus musculus) L5,6 neurogliaform lamp5 GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A lamp 5 GABAergic cortical interneuron with neurogliaform morphology with a soma found in L5,6. L5,6 NGC lamp5 have deep afterhyperpolarization (AHP) but narrow action potentials (APs). Unlike other deep neurogliaform cells (which are caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) derived), L5,6 NGC lamp5 cells are medial ganglionic eminence (MGE)-derived PMID:26727548 CL:4023024 NGC Lamp5 interneuron (Mus) A lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron with layer-adapting morphology. NGC lamp5 cells have a small round soma, short dendrites, and a wide dense axonal arbor that tends to establish a dense axonal mesh with high connection probability both to themselves and L2 pyramidal cells. NGC lamp5 cells have unique synaptic properties that distinguish them from other GABAergic interneurons, including the release of GABA to the extracellular space via volume transmission, and the ability to produce GABA-B responses in connected postsynaptic targets. NGC Lamp5 (Mus musculus) neurogliaform lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mmus) A lamp5 GABAergic cortical interneuron with layer-adapting morphology. NGC lamp5 cells have a small round soma, short dendrites, and a wide dense axonal arbor that tends to establish a dense axonal mesh with high connection probability both to themselves and L2 pyramidal cells. NGC lamp5 cells have unique synaptic properties that distinguish them from other GABAergic interneurons, including the release of GABA to the extracellular space via volume transmission, and the ability to produce GABA-B responses in connected postsynaptic targets. PMID:27477017 CL:4023025 A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that is both an interneuron and a projecting neuron. They are found in all layers from upper L2/3 down to the bottom of L6. They have long-range projections, some with axons fading into white matter. These cells have low rebound potential, low hyperpolarization sag, and high variability in membrane time constant. LP SST (Mus musculus) long-range projecting sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that is both an interneuron and a projecting neuron. They are found in all layers from upper L2/3 down to the bottom of L6. They have long-range projections, some with axons fading into white matter. These cells have low rebound potential, low hyperpolarization sag, and high variability in membrane time constant. PMID:26727548 CL:4023026 A medium spiny neuron that expresses dopamine type 1 receptors and projects to the globus pallidus internus or the substantia nigra pars reticulata. D1-MSN dSPN dopamine 1 medium spiny neuron direct pathway medium spiny neuron A medium spiny neuron that expresses dopamine type 1 receptors and projects to the globus pallidus internus or the substantia nigra pars reticulata. PMID:34727523 WikipediaVersioned:Medium_spiny_neuron&oldid=1109726850 D1-MSN PMID:34727523 dSPN PMID:30096299 dopamine 1 medium spiny neuron https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 CL:4023027 L5 T Martinotti sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in L5 and possesses 'T-shaped' Martinotti morphologies with local axonal plexus in L5a and translaminar axons restricted to the uppermost part of L1. They show low-threshold spiking patterns with strong rebound firing, and inhibit the L1 apical tuft of nearby pyramidal cells. L5 T Martinotti SST (Mus musculus) L5 sst T-Martinotti interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in L5 and possesses 'T-shaped' Martinotti morphologies with local axonal plexus in L5a and translaminar axons restricted to the uppermost part of L1. They show low-threshold spiking patterns with strong rebound firing, and inhibit the L1 apical tuft of nearby pyramidal cells. PMID:28254942 PMID:29326172 CL:4023028 L5 non-Martinotti sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in lower L5 with mostly local axonal arborization but with some sparse ascending axons. L5 non-Martinotti sst cells show somatic localization and local axon plexus in L5b and L5b/6 and substantial innervation of L3 and L4, and receive thalamic input from the ventral posteromedial nucleus and specifically target L4 neurons, avoiding L5 pyramidal cells. L5 non-Martinotti sst cells tend to show a higher input resistance and seem to be less stuttering. L5 non-Martinotti SST (Mus musculus) L5 non-Martinotti sst GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in lower L5 with mostly local axonal arborization but with some sparse ascending axons. L5 non-Martinotti sst cells show somatic localization and local axon plexus in L5b and L5b/6 and substantial innervation of L3 and L4, and receive thalamic input from the ventral posteromedial nucleus and specifically target L4 neurons, avoiding L5 pyramidal cells. L5 non-Martinotti sst cells tend to show a higher input resistance and seem to be less stuttering. PMID:28254942 PMID:29326172 CL:4023029 A medium spiny neuron that expresses dopamine type 2 receptors and projects to the external globus pallidus. D2-MSN dopamine 2 medium spiny neuron iSPN indirect pathway medium spiny neuron A medium spiny neuron that expresses dopamine type 2 receptors and projects to the external globus pallidus. PMID:34727523 WikipediaVersioned:Medium_spiny_neuron&oldid=1109726850 D2-MSN PMID:34727523 dopamine 2 medium spiny neuron https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 iSPN PMID:30096299 CL:4023030 L2/3/5 fan Martinotti sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that has "fanning-out' Martinotti morphology that is found in layer 2/3/5 of the cerebral cortex. They have local axon arbor and long ascending axons that spreads horizontally and arborizes significantly in L1. L2/3/5 fan Martinotti SST (Mus musculus) L2/3/5 fan Martionotti SST cells have an adapting firing pattern and non-zero afterdepolarization (ADP). L2/3/5 fan Martinotti sst GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that has "fanning-out' Martinotti morphology that is found in layer 2/3/5 of the cerebral cortex. They have local axon arbor and long ascending axons that spreads horizontally and arborizes significantly in L1. PMID:27225074 PMID:27477017 PMID:28254942 PMID:29326172 L2/3/5 fan Martionotti SST cells have an adapting firing pattern and non-zero afterdepolarization (ADP). PMID:33184512 CL:4023031 L4 sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in lower L2/3 and upper 5, L4 Sst cells have Martinotti morphology with ascending axons but denser local axons and sparser ‘fanning-out’ projections to L1. L4 sst cells have smaller membrane time constant to calb2 (L2/3/5 fan Martinotti Cell) and non-zero afterdepolarization (ADP). L4 SST (Mus musculus) L4 sst Martinotti interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron with a soma found in lower L2/3 and upper 5, L4 Sst cells have Martinotti morphology with ascending axons but denser local axons and sparser ‘fanning-out’ projections to L1. L4 sst cells have smaller membrane time constant to calb2 (L2/3/5 fan Martinotti Cell) and non-zero afterdepolarization (ADP). PMID:33184512 CL:4023032 A retinal ganglion cell that is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. ON retinal ganglion cell A retinal ganglion cell that is depolarized by illumination of its receptive field center. PMID:19602302 CL:4023033 A retinal ganglion cell that is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center. OFF retinal ganglion cell A retinal ganglion cell that is depolarized by decreased illumination of their receptive field center. PMID:19602302 CL:4023034 OBSOLETE A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron transcriptomically between the sst and the pvalb families with a soma found in L2/3. Some L2/3 PV-like sst cells have Martinotti morphology while some have basket cell morphology. L2/3 PV-like sst cells have lower AP width and higher firing rate than typical Sst subclass cells. L2/3 PV-like sst cells have high maximum firing rate variability, with many classified as belonging to the pvalb subclass on the basis of electrophysiology. L2/3 PV-like SST Mus) Moved to PCL. Use PCL:1000002 instead. obsolete L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) true OBSOLETE A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron transcriptomically between the sst and the pvalb families with a soma found in L2/3. Some L2/3 PV-like sst cells have Martinotti morphology while some have basket cell morphology. L2/3 PV-like sst cells have lower AP width and higher firing rate than typical Sst subclass cells. L2/3 PV-like sst cells have high maximum firing rate variability, with many classified as belonging to the pvalb subclass on the basis of electrophysiology. PMID:33184512 CL:4023035 A neuron that is derived from a precursor cell in the lateral ganglion eminence. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-9172 LGE-derived neuron lateral ganglionic eminence derived neuron A neuron that is derived from a precursor cell in the lateral ganglion eminence. wikipediaversioned:Ganglionic_eminence&oldid=1186824360 LGE-derived neuron PMID:10377350 CL:4023036 chandelier PV interneuron A pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron that is recognizable by the straight terminal axonal 'cartridges' of vertically oriented strings of synaptic boutons. Chandelier PV cells' boutons target exclusively the axon initial segment (AIS) of pyramidal cells, with a single cell innervating hundreds of pyramidal cells in a clustered manner. ILX:0107356 Chandelier PV In mice, Chandelier PV cells have soma found in in upper L2/3, with some in deep L5 and exhibit fast-spiking but lower firing rate compared to basket cells, and have practically absent hyperpolarization sag. chandelier pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron A pvalb GABAergic cortical interneuron that is recognizable by the straight terminal axonal 'cartridges' of vertically oriented strings of synaptic boutons. Chandelier PV cells' boutons target exclusively the axon initial segment (AIS) of pyramidal cells, with a single cell innervating hundreds of pyramidal cells in a clustered manner. PMID:27477017 In mice, Chandelier PV cells have soma found in in upper L2/3, with some in deep L5 and exhibit fast-spiking but lower firing rate compared to basket cells, and have practically absent hyperpolarization sag. PMID:27477017 CL:4023038 L6b glut A glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6b. They are transcriptomically related to corticothalamic-projecting neurons but have differential projections to the thalamus or anterior cingulate. ILX:0770163 L6b glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6b. They are transcriptomically related to corticothalamic-projecting neurons but have differential projections to the thalamus or anterior cingulate. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.34312 PMID:30382198 CL:4023039 An excitatory neuron that is located in the amygdala. amygdala excitatory neuron An excitatory neuron that is located in the amygdala. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023040 L2/3-6 IT glut A intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layers L2/3-6 L2/3-6 IT projecting neuron L2/3-6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron A intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layers L2/3-6 DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023041 L5 ET glut A glutamatergic neuron, with a soma found in the deeper portion of L5, that has long-range axonal projections including deep subcortical targets outside of the telencephalon and, in some cases, the spinal cord. While the L5 ET neuron projections are not limited to ET targets, they are clearly differentiated from the neuron subclasses whose projections are constrained to intratelencephalic (IT) targets. L5 ET neurons are generally the largest excitatory cortical neurons, typically having a thick apical dendrite with a prominent dendritic tuft in layer 1 and displaying burst-firing physiological characteristics. subcerebral projection (SCPN) neuron Pyramidal tract-like (PT-l) burst-firing layer 5 neuron thick-tufted layer 5 (TTL5) pyramidal neuron pyramidal tract (PT) neuron L5b neuron L5 extratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A glutamatergic neuron, with a soma found in the deeper portion of L5, that has long-range axonal projections including deep subcortical targets outside of the telencephalon and, in some cases, the spinal cord. While the L5 ET neuron projections are not limited to ET targets, they are clearly differentiated from the neuron subclasses whose projections are constrained to intratelencephalic (IT) targets. L5 ET neurons are generally the largest excitatory cortical neurons, typically having a thick apical dendrite with a prominent dendritic tuft in layer 1 and displaying burst-firing physiological characteristics. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 subcerebral projection (SCPN) neuron DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.08.030 Pyramidal tract-like (PT-l) DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.023 pyramidal tract-like is used because, unlike pyramidal tract neurons in the motor cortex, neurons in the structures like the auditory cortex do not project to the spinal cord. burst-firing layer 5 neuron DOI:10.3389/fncel.2011.00001 thick-tufted layer 5 (TTL5) pyramidal neuron DOI:10.3389/fncel.2015.00233 pyramidal tract (PT) neuron DOI:10.1038/nrn3469 L5b neuron DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.07.029 CL:4023042 L6 CT glut A corticothalamic-projecting neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6. L6 CT L6 corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron A corticothalamic-projecting neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023043 L5/6 NP glut MOp A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the primary motor cortex. ILX:0770161 L5/6 NP M1 L5/6 NP MOp L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 PMID:31209381 CL:4023044 non-MY ET glut MOp An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron located in layer 5b of the primary motor cortex that does not project to the medulla. Non-MY ET cells are large, big-tufted cells with the apical dendrite often bifurcating close to the soma, suggesting they are corticospinal cells. Non-MY ET cells have bigger hyperpolarization sag, lower input resistance, and smaller AP width, compared to L5 IT neurons. non-MY ET M1 non-MY ET MOp (Mus) non-medulla, extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron located in layer 5b of the primary motor cortex that does not project to the medulla. Non-MY ET cells are large, big-tufted cells with the apical dendrite often bifurcating close to the soma, suggesting they are corticospinal cells. Non-MY ET cells have bigger hyperpolarization sag, lower input resistance, and smaller AP width, compared to L5 IT neurons. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 PMID:24137110 PMID:9236245 CL:4023045 MY ET glut MOp An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron located in layer 5b of the primary motor cortex that projects to the medulla. MY ET cells are large, big-tufted cells with the apical dendrite often bifurcating close to the soma, suggesting they are corticospinal cells. MY ET cells have bigger hyperpolarization sag, lower input resistance, and smaller AP width, compared to L5 IT neurons. MY ET M1 MY ET MOp medulla-projecting extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex medulla-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron located in layer 5b of the primary motor cortex that projects to the medulla. MY ET cells are large, big-tufted cells with the apical dendrite often bifurcating close to the soma, suggesting they are corticospinal cells. MY ET cells have bigger hyperpolarization sag, lower input resistance, and smaller AP width, compared to L5 IT neurons. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 PMID:24137110 PMID:9236245 CL:4023046 L6b subplate glut An excitatory glutamatergic neuron transcriptomically related to the CT subclass, with a soma preferentially located in the bottom of L6 of the primary motor cortex. L6b subplate glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex L6b glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An excitatory glutamatergic neuron transcriptomically related to the CT subclass, with a soma preferentially located in the bottom of L6 of the primary motor cortex. PMID:33184512 CL:4023047 L2/3 IT glut MOp An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2/3 of the primary motor cortex. L2/3 IT M1 L2/3 IT MOp L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2/3 of the primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.10.19.343129 CL:4023048 L4/5 IT glut MOp An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic with a soma located in upper L5 of the primary motor cortex. These cells have thin untufted apical dendrites. ILX:0770174 L4/5 IT M1 L4/5 IT MOp L4/5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic with a soma located in upper L5 of the primary motor cortex. These cells have thin untufted apical dendrites. PMID:33184512 CL:4023049 L5 IT glut MOp An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in L5 of the primary motor cortex. ILX:0770157 L5 IT M1 L5 IT MOp L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in L5 of the primary motor cortex. PMID:33184512 CL:4023050 L6 IT glut MOp An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in L6 of the primary motor cortex. These cells are short untufted pyramidal cells, which could be stellate or inverted. ILX:0770158 L6 IT M1 L6 IT MOp L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in L6 of the primary motor cortex. These cells are short untufted pyramidal cells, which could be stellate or inverted. PMID:9236245 CL:4023051 A type of mesothelial fibroblast that is derived from the neural crest, is localized on blood vessels, and is a key component of the pia and arachnoid membranes surrounding the brain. ILX:0770143 VLMC vascular leptomeningeal cell A type of mesothelial fibroblast that is derived from the neural crest, is localized on blood vessels, and is a key component of the pia and arachnoid membranes surrounding the brain. PMID:27284195 PMID:29443965 PMID:30096314 CL:4023052 A Betz cell that synapses with lower motor neurons directly. Betz upper motor neuron A Betz cell that synapses with lower motor neurons directly. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 PMID:18558853 PMID:28751609 CL:4023053 A Betz cell that syanpses with spinal interneurons. spinal interneuron synapsing Betz cell A Betz cell that syanpses with spinal interneurons. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 PMID:18558853 CL:4023054 A mesothelial cell that has undergone mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) to become a fibroblast cell. mesothelial fibroblast A mesothelial cell that has undergone mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) to become a fibroblast cell. PMID:26106328 CL:4023055 CT VAL/VM glut MOp A corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic neuron that is located in L6 and lower L5 of the primary motor cortex, with a pyramidal morphology and mostly untufted apical dendrites terminating in midcortical layers. CT VAL/VM (ventroanterior-ventrolateral complex/ventromedial nucleus) cells have a near tonic firing pattern and are distinguished from L6 IT neurons by a lower inter-spike interval adaptation index. CT VAL/VM M1 CT VAL/VM MOp The assertion of this cell type under L6 CT is due to the ambiguity of lower L5 and L6. corticothalamic VAL/VM projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex A corticothalamic-projecting glutamatergic neuron that is located in L6 and lower L5 of the primary motor cortex, with a pyramidal morphology and mostly untufted apical dendrites terminating in midcortical layers. CT VAL/VM (ventroanterior-ventrolateral complex/ventromedial nucleus) cells have a near tonic firing pattern and are distinguished from L6 IT neurons by a lower inter-spike interval adaptation index. PMID:20556241 PMID:9236245 CL:4023056 A type of mouse mesothelial fibroblast that is derived from the neural crest, is localized on blood vessels, and is a key component of the pia and arachnoid membranes surrounding the brain. VLMC (Mus musculus) vascular leptomeningeal cell (Mmus) A type of mouse mesothelial fibroblast that is derived from the neural crest, is localized on blood vessels, and is a key component of the pia and arachnoid membranes surrounding the brain. PMID:30096314 CL:4023057 A GABAergic interneuron whose soma is located in the cerebellar cortex. cerebellar inhibitory GABAergic interneuron A GABAergic interneuron whose soma is located in the cerebellar cortex. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023058 A mesothelial fibroblast found in the leptomeninx. mesothelial fibroblast of the leptomeninx CL:4023059 An oligodendrocyte precursor cell that is committed to differentiate. COP committed oligodendrocyte precursor COPs are distinct from OPCs in that the lack expression of Pdgfra and Cspg4 and come out as distinct clusters in transcriptomic profiling. This is the reason that this term is not modelled as a subclassOf OPC but instead linked using develops_from. differentiation-committed oligodendrocyte precursor An oligodendrocyte precursor cell that is committed to differentiate. PMID:32066987 COP COPs are distinct from OPCs in that the lack expression of Pdgfra and Cspg4 and come out as distinct clusters in transcriptomic profiling. This is the reason that this term is not modelled as a subclassOf OPC but instead linked using develops_from. PMID:27284195 CL:4023060 A neuron that has its soma located in CA1-3 of the hippocampus. It is unclear as to if the modelling of Ammon's horn includes CA4 (which could be considered part of the dentate gyrus) in Uberon, hence no equivalent class axiom was made. hippocampal CA1-3 neuron A neuron that has its soma located in CA1-3 of the hippocampus. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023061 A neuron that has its soma located in CA4 of the hippocampus. hippocampal CA4 neuron A neuron that has its soma located in CA4 of the hippocampus. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023062 A neuron with its soma located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. dentate gyrus neuron CL:4023063 MGE interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the medial ganglionic eminence. MGE interneuron medial ganglionic eminence derived interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the medial ganglionic eminence. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023064 CGE interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the caudal ganglionic eminence. CGE interneuron caudal ganglionic eminence derived interneuron An interneuron that is derived from the caudal ganglionic eminence. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023065 meis2 GABA A GABAergic cell located in the cerebral cortex that expresses meis2. meis2 expressing cortical GABAergic cell A GABAergic cell located in the cerebral cortex that expresses meis2. PMID:33372656 CL:4023066 A pyramidal neuron which has an apical tree which is oriented parallel to the pia. This is unlike typical pyramidal neurons which have its apical dendrite aligned vertically. horizontal pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron which has an apical tree which is oriented parallel to the pia. This is unlike typical pyramidal neurons which have its apical dendrite aligned vertically. PMID:30715238 CL:4023067 OBSOLETE A L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) that has Martinotti morphology. Martinotti L2/3 PV-like SST (Mus) Moved to PCL. Use PCL:1000004 instead. obsolete Martinotti morphology L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) true OBSOLETE A L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) that has Martinotti morphology. PMID:33184512 CL:4023068 An excitatory neuron that has its soma located in the thalamic complex. thalamic excitatory neuron An excitatory neuron that has its soma located in the thalamic complex. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023069 MGE cortical gaba interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the medial ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. MGE cortical interneuron medial ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the medial ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. PMID:12637172 CL:4023070 CGE gaba cortical interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the caudal ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. CGE cortical interneuron caudal ganglionic eminence derived GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic cortical interneuron that develops from the caudal ganglionic eminence and has migrated to the cerebral cortex. PMID:20130169 CL:4023071 L5/6 cck interneuron (Mus) A GABAergic cortical interneuron that expresses cck. L5/6 cck cells have soma found mainly in L5 and L6 and have large axonal arborization. L5/6 CCK (Mus musculus) L5/6 cck GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A GABAergic cortical interneuron that expresses cck. L5/6 cck cells have soma found mainly in L5 and L6 and have large axonal arborization. PMID:33184512 CL:4023072 A cell that is part of the brain vasculature. brain vascular cell A cell that is part of the brain vasculature. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023073 OBSOLETE. A cell that is part of the choroid plexus. obsolete choroid plexus cell true OBSOLETE. A cell that is part of the choroid plexus. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023074 A neuron that has its soma located in the mammillary body. mammillary body neuron A neuron that has its soma located in the mammillary body. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023075 L6 th sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron found in L6 that expresses tyrosine hydroxylase. L6 Th+ SST cells have mostly local axonal arborization within L6. L6 Th+ SST (Mus musculus) L6 tyrosine hydroxylase positive sst expressing GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) L6 th sst GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron found in L6 that expresses tyrosine hydroxylase. L6 Th+ SST cells have mostly local axonal arborization within L6. PMID:22357664 CL:4023076 An interneuron that has Martinotti morphology. These interneurons are scattered throughout various layers of the cerebral cortex, sending their axons up to the cortical layer I where they form axonal arborization. ILX:0107375 NIFEXT:55 Martinotti neuron An interneuron that has Martinotti morphology. These interneurons are scattered throughout various layers of the cerebral cortex, sending their axons up to the cortical layer I where they form axonal arborization. WikipediaVersioned:Martinotti_cell&oldid=9947732 CL:4023077 A type of interneuron that has two clusters of dendritic branches that originate directly from the soma and extend in opposite directions and axons that form a plexus which spreads widely. Compared to bipolar neurons, bitufted neurons have branching that occur close to the soma. ILX:0777212 bitufted neuron A type of interneuron that has two clusters of dendritic branches that originate directly from the soma and extend in opposite directions and axons that form a plexus which spreads widely. Compared to bipolar neurons, bitufted neurons have branching that occur close to the soma. PMID:18568015 ILX:0777212 Interlex cross reference refers specifically to Markram 2015 rat bitufted cell. CL:4023078 OBSOLETE A L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) that has basket morphology. basket L2/3 PV-like SST (Mus) Moved to PCL. Use PCL:1000003 instead. obsolete basket morphology L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) true OBSOLETE A L2/3 pvalb-like sst GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) that has basket morphology. PMID:33184512 CL:4023079 A GABAergic inhibitory neuron that is derived from the midbrain. midbrain-derived inhibitory neuron A GABAergic inhibitory neuron that is derived from the midbrain. DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4023080 stellate L6 IT glut MOp a L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex that has stellate pyramidal morphology. stellate L6 IT MOp (Mus musculus) stellate L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Mmus) a L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex that has stellate pyramidal morphology. PMID:9236245 CL:4023081 inverted L6 IT glut MOp a L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex that has inverted pyramidal morphology. inverted L6 IT MOp (Mus musculus) inverted L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Mmus) a L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex that has inverted pyramidal morphology. PMID:9236245 CL:4023083 A GABAergic interneuron that selectively innervates the axon initial segment of pyramidal cells. Their local axonal clusters are formed by high-frequency branching at shallow angles, often ramifying around, above or below their somata with a high bouton density. The characteristic terminal portions of the axon form short vertical rows of boutons, resembling the candlesticks and candles of a chandelier. Chandelier cells can be multipolar or bitufted. axo-axonic cell ILX:0777213 ChC chandelier cell A GABAergic interneuron that selectively innervates the axon initial segment of pyramidal cells. Their local axonal clusters are formed by high-frequency branching at shallow angles, often ramifying around, above or below their somata with a high bouton density. The characteristic terminal portions of the axon form short vertical rows of boutons, resembling the candlesticks and candles of a chandelier. Chandelier cells can be multipolar or bitufted. PMID:15378039 PMID:27199673 axo-axonic cell PMID:27199673 PMID:33862423 ILX:0777213 Interlex cross reference refers specifically to Markram 2015 rat chandelier cell. ChC PMID:15378039 CL:4023086 A Martinotti neuron that has axons that form a horizontal ramification, making it T-shaped. T-shaped Martinotti neuron T Martinotti neuron A Martinotti neuron that has axons that form a horizontal ramification, making it T-shaped. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-369497-3.10004-4 CL:4023087 A Martinotti neuron that has axons that form a fan-like plexus. fanning-out Martinotti neuron fan Martinotti neuron A Martinotti neuron that has axons that form a fan-like plexus. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-369497-3.10004-4 CL:4023088 A basket cell that is large, and typically ascends to give rise to many long horizontally and vertically projecting axon collaterals that traverse neighboring columns and can extend through all cortical layers. large basket cell A basket cell that is large, and typically ascends to give rise to many long horizontally and vertically projecting axon collaterals that traverse neighboring columns and can extend through all cortical layers. PMID:11884355 CL:4023089 A basket cell which has simpler dendritic arbors (compared to small or large basket cells), and an axonal plexus of intermediate density, composed of a few long, smooth axonal branches. nest basket cell A basket cell which has simpler dendritic arbors (compared to small or large basket cells), and an axonal plexus of intermediate density, composed of a few long, smooth axonal branches. PMID:11884355 CL:4023090 A basket cell with axonal arbors composed of frequent, short, curvy axonal branches that tend to be near their somata and within the same layer. small basket cell A basket cell with axonal arbors composed of frequent, short, curvy axonal branches that tend to be near their somata and within the same layer. PMID:11884355 CL:4023092 A pyramidal neuron which has an apical tree which is oriented towards the white matter. inverted pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron which has an apical tree which is oriented towards the white matter. PMID:30715238 CL:4023093 A pyramidal neuron which lacks a tuft formation but extends small radial distances forming a star-like shape. stellate pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron which lacks a tuft formation but extends small radial distances forming a star-like shape. PMID:30715238 CL:4023094 A pyramidal neuron which has a distinctive tuft formation, distal from the soma. tufted pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron which has a distinctive tuft formation, distal from the soma. PMID:30715238 CL:4023095 A pyramidal neuron which lacks a clear tuft formation but extends to large radial distances. untufted pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron which lacks a clear tuft formation but extends to large radial distances. PMID:30715238 CL:4023097 A mesothelial fibroblast of the arachnoid barrier layer. Arachnoid barrier cells make up the tight-junctioned layer in the leptomeninx that functions as the physiologic barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space and the fenestrated capillaries in the dura. AB cell ABC arachnoid barrier cell A mesothelial fibroblast of the arachnoid barrier layer. Arachnoid barrier cells make up the tight-junctioned layer in the leptomeninx that functions as the physiologic barrier between the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoid space and the fenestrated capillaries in the dura. PMID:23298861 AB cell PMID:23298861 ABC PMID:30096314 CL:4023098 OBSOLETE An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 2/3 of the human primary motor cortex. L2/3 IT MOp (human) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023047 instead. obsolete L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Homo sapiens) true OBSOLETE An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 2/3 of the human primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023099 OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5 of the human primary motor cortex. ILX:0770157 L5 IT MOp (human) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023049 instead. obsolete L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Homo sapiens) true OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5 of the human primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023100 OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 6 of the human primary motor cortex. ILX:0770158 L6 IT MOp (human) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023050 instead. obsolete L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Homo sapiens) true OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 6 of the human primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023101 OBSOLETE. A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the human primary motor cortex. ILX:0770161 L5/6 NP MOp (human) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023043 instead. obsolete L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Homo sapiens) true OBSOLETE. A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the human primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023102 OBSOLETE. A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. ILX:0770161 L5/6 NP MOp (marmoset) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023043 instead. obsolete L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Callithrix jacchus) true OBSOLETE. A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5/6 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023103 OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 2/3 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. L2/3 IT MOp (marmoset) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023047 instead. obsolete L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Callithrix jacchus) true OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 2/3 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023104 OBSOLETE An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. ILX:0770157 L5 IT MOp (marmoset) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023049 instead. obsolete L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Callithrix jacchus) true OBSOLETE An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 5 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023105 OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 6 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. ILX:0770158 L6 IT MOp (marmoset) Made terms species agnostic, use CL:4023050 instead. obsolete L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron of the primary motor cortex (Callithrix jacchus) true OBSOLETE. An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in layer 6 of the marmoset primary motor cortex. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023106 OBSOLETE. A mouse GABAergic cell located in the marmoset cerebral cortex that expresses meis2. Meis2 (Marmoset) false obsolete meis2 expressing cortical GABAergic cell (Callithrix jacchus) true OBSOLETE. A mouse GABAergic cell located in the marmoset cerebral cortex that expresses meis2. DOI:10.1101/2020.03.31.016972 CL:4023107 A neuron with soma location in the reticular formation with axons that extend into the spinal cord such. Reticulospinal neuron activity can lead to a variety of motor behaviors. RSN reticulospinal neuron A neuron with soma location in the reticular formation with axons that extend into the spinal cord such. Reticulospinal neuron activity can lead to a variety of motor behaviors. PMID:29720934 RSN PMID:29720934 CL:4023108 A magnocellular neurosecretory cell that is capable of producing and secreting oxytocin. oxytocin-secreting magnocellular cell A magnocellular neurosecretory cell that is capable of producing and secreting oxytocin. WikipediaVersioned:Magnocellular_neurosecretory_cell&oldid=1021059931 CL:4023109 A magnocellular neurosecretory cell that is capable of producing and secreting vasopressin. vasopressin-secreting magnocellular cell A magnocellular neurosecretory cell that is capable of producing and secreting vasopressin. WikipediaVersioned:Magnocellular_neurosecretory_cell&oldid=1021059931 CL:4023110 A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the amygdala. amygdala pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the amygdala. PMID:1375860 CL:4023111 A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the cerebral cortex. cerebral cortex pyramidal neuron A pyramidal neuron with soma located in the cerebral cortex. PMID:30715238 CL:4023112 An afferent neuron of the vestibular system that innervate the base of the hair cell and increase or decrease their neural firing rate as the receptor cell is excited or inhibited. vestibular afferent neuron An afferent neuron of the vestibular system that innervate the base of the hair cell and increase or decrease their neural firing rate as the receptor cell is excited or inhibited. PMID:2585041 CL:4023113 A vestibular afferent neuron that makes bouton synapses to type II hair cells. bouton vestibular afferent neuron A vestibular afferent neuron that makes bouton synapses to type II hair cells. PMID:10706428 CL:4023114 A vestibular afferent neuron which posseses a unique postsynaptic terminal, the calyx, which completely covers the basolateral walls of type I hair cells and receives input from multiple ribbon synapses. calyx vestibular afferent neuron A vestibular afferent neuron which posseses a unique postsynaptic terminal, the calyx, which completely covers the basolateral walls of type I hair cells and receives input from multiple ribbon synapses. PMID:25355208 CL:4023115 A spiral ganglion neuron that innervates inner hair cells. Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons are myelinated and bipolar. type I spiral ganglion cell Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons comprise the vast majority of spiral ganglion cells. type 1 spiral ganglion neuron A spiral ganglion neuron that innervates inner hair cells. Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons are myelinated and bipolar. WikipediaVersioned:Spiral_ganglion&oldid=994446209 Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons comprise the vast majority of spiral ganglion cells. WikipediaVersioned:Spiral_ganglion&oldid=994446209 CL:4023116 A spiral ganglion neuron that innervates outer hair cells. Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons are unmyelinated and unipolar. type II spiral ganglion cell Outer hair cells form reciprocal synapses onto type 2 spiral ganglion cells, suggesting that the type 2 cells have both afferent and efferent roles. type 2 spiral ganglion neuron A spiral ganglion neuron that innervates outer hair cells. Type 1 spiral ganglion neurons are unmyelinated and unipolar. WikipediaVersioned:Spiral_ganglion&oldid=994446209 Outer hair cells form reciprocal synapses onto type 2 spiral ganglion cells, suggesting that the type 2 cells have both afferent and efferent roles. WikipediaVersioned:Spiral_ganglion&oldid=994446209 CL:4023118 L5/6 non-Martinotti sst interneuron (Mus) A sst GABAergic interneuron does not have Martinotti morphology with a soma found in L5/6 of the cerebral cortex. L5/6 non-Martinotti SST (Mus musculus) L5/6 non-Martinotti morphology sst expressing GABAergic cortical interneuron (Mus musculus) L5/6 non-Martinotti SST cells have strongly facilitating excitatory inputs and moderately depressing outputs. They have faster action potential than Martinotti morphology SST cells and slightly slower than PV basket cells. L5/6 non-Martinotti sst GABAergic interneuron (Mmus) A sst GABAergic interneuron does not have Martinotti morphology with a soma found in L5/6 of the cerebral cortex. PMID:27477017 L5/6 non-Martinotti SST cells have strongly facilitating excitatory inputs and moderately depressing outputs. They have faster action potential than Martinotti morphology SST cells and slightly slower than PV basket cells. PMID:27477017 CL:4023119 A subpopulation of amacrine cell that migrate further than other amacrine cells, and come to lie basal to the inner plexiform layer (IPL) in the ganglion cell layer. Displaced amacrine cells still have their neurites extending apically into the IPL, and therefore exhibit an inverted polarity with respect to the other amacrine cells. dACs inverted amacrine cell Displaced amacrine cells are a subset of Sox2 expressing amacrine cells. displaced amacrine cell A subpopulation of amacrine cell that migrate further than other amacrine cells, and come to lie basal to the inner plexiform layer (IPL) in the ganglion cell layer. Displaced amacrine cells still have their neurites extending apically into the IPL, and therefore exhibit an inverted polarity with respect to the other amacrine cells. PMID:21557506 PMID:67960 Displaced amacrine cells are a subset of Sox2 expressing amacrine cells. PMID:18719084 CL:4023120 An auditory hair cell found in the cochlea. FMA:62364 cochlear hair cell cochlea auditory hair cell An auditory hair cell found in the cochlea. Wikipedia:Hair_cell CL:4023121 sst chodl cortical interneuron A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that also expresses Chodl. These neurons are rare and correspond to the only known cortical interneurons with long-range projection. long-range GABAergic interneuron sst chodl GABAergic cortical interneuron A sst GABAergic cortical interneuron that also expresses Chodl. These neurons are rare and correspond to the only known cortical interneurons with long-range projection. PMID:15845086 PMID:31209381 PMID:33372656 CL:4023122 An interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses the oxytocin receptor. These interneurons also express somatostatin. OxtrINs These cells were first identified in mouse. oxytocin receptor sst GABAergic cortical interneuron An interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses the oxytocin receptor. These interneurons also express somatostatin. PMID:25303526 PMID:25303526 OxtrINs PMID:25303526 These cells were first identified in mouse. PMID:25303526 CL:4023123 A kisspeptin neuron that is located in the hypothalamus. These neurons project to and activate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurons (acting via the kisspeptin receptor) in the hypothalamus and stimulate the secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. hypothalamus kisspeptin neuron A kisspeptin neuron that is located in the hypothalamus. These neurons project to and activate gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neurons (acting via the kisspeptin receptor) in the hypothalamus and stimulate the secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone. PMID:30042117 CL:4023124 A kisspeptin neuron that is located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. dentate gyrus kisspeptin neuron A kisspeptin neuron that is located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. WikipediaVersioned:Kisspeptin&oldid=1042853037 CL:4023125 A hypothalamus kisspeptin neuron that coexpresses kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin. kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin expressing neuron KNDy neurons are involved in the negative feedback of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Sex steroids released from the gonads act on KNDy neurons as inhibitors of kisspeptin release. This inhibition provides negative feedback control on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Other roles of KNDy neurons include influences on prolactin production; puberty; stress' effects on reproduction; and the control of thermoregulation. KNDy neuron A hypothalamus kisspeptin neuron that coexpresses kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin. WikipediaVersioned:KNDy_neuron&oldid=964682278 KNDy neurons are involved in the negative feedback of gonadotropin-releasing hormone release in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Sex steroids released from the gonads act on KNDy neurons as inhibitors of kisspeptin release. This inhibition provides negative feedback control on the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. Other roles of KNDy neurons include influences on prolactin production; puberty; stress' effects on reproduction; and the control of thermoregulation. WikipediaVersioned:KNDy_neuron&oldid=964682278 CL:4023127 a KNDy neuron that is located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus KNDy neuron a KNDy neuron that is located in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. PMID:30042117 CL:4023128 a KNDy neuron that is located in the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle. In rats and mice, the anteroventral periventricular nucleus plus the periventricular nucleus make up the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V). RP3V KNDy neuron rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle KNDy neuron a KNDy neuron that is located in the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle. PMID:30042117 WikipediaVersioned:KNDy_neuron&oldid=964682278 In rats and mice, the anteroventral periventricular nucleus plus the periventricular nucleus make up the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle (RP3V). WikipediaVersioned:Anteroventral_periventricular_nucleus&oldid=966137187 CL:4023129 A retinal cell that is immature or undifferentiated. retinal stem cell retinoblast A retinal cell that is immature or undifferentiated. PMID:17565741 retinal stem cell PMID:17565741 CL:4023130 A neuron that expresses kisspeptin. These neurons are predominantly located in the hypothalamus, but also found in other parts of the brain including the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Gonadal sex steroids stimulate kisspeptin neurons in the RP3V, but inhibit kisspeptin neurons in the ARC. kisspeptin neuron A neuron that expresses kisspeptin. These neurons are predominantly located in the hypothalamus, but also found in other parts of the brain including the hippocampal dentate gyrus. PMID:30042117 Gonadal sex steroids stimulate kisspeptin neurons in the RP3V, but inhibit kisspeptin neurons in the ARC. PMID:30042117 CL:4023154 A glial cell that myelinates axonal processes. myelinating glial cell A glial cell that myelinates axonal processes. DOI:10.1007/3-540-29623-9_3240 CL:4023158 A neuron in the posterior ventral cochlear nucleus that is distinguished by their long, thick and tentacle-shaped dendrites that typically emanate from one side of the cell body. This term is restricted to the mammalian cochlear nucleus to disambiguate for cells of octopus. Octopus cells respond only at the onset of a broad-band simple tonal stimulus and form a pathway to the superior paraolivary nucleus and to the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus. octopus cell of the mammalian cochlear nucleus A neuron in the posterior ventral cochlear nucleus that is distinguished by their long, thick and tentacle-shaped dendrites that typically emanate from one side of the cell body. WikipediaVersioned:title=Cochlear_nucleus&oldid=1090176664 Octopus cells respond only at the onset of a broad-band simple tonal stimulus and form a pathway to the superior paraolivary nucleus and to the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus. PMID:11976365 WikipediaVersioned:title=Cochlear_nucleus&oldid=1090176664 CL:4023159 An interneuron that has double bouquet morphology. double bouquet cell An interneuron that has double bouquet morphology. PMID:15378039 CL:4023160 A neuron of the dorsal cochlear nucleus with spiny dendrites that receive input from the axons of granule cells and with axons that release GABA and glycine onto cartwheel, pyramidal and giant cell targets. ILX:0102311 Cartwheel cells share many of the features, molecular and electrophysiological, of cerebellar Purkinje neurons. cartwheel cell A neuron of the dorsal cochlear nucleus with spiny dendrites that receive input from the axons of granule cells and with axons that release GABA and glycine onto cartwheel, pyramidal and giant cell targets. ILX:0102311 WikipediaVersioned:Cartwheel_cell&oldid=1040398094 Cartwheel cells share many of the features, molecular and electrophysiological, of cerebellar Purkinje neurons. ILX:0102311 CL:4023161 An excitatory glutamatergic interneuron found in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex and also in the granule cell domain of the cochlear nucleus. Unipolar brush cells have a round or oval cell body with usually a single short dendrite that ends in a brush-like tuft of short dendrites unique to them known as dendrioles. unipolar brush cell An excitatory glutamatergic interneuron found in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex and also in the granule cell domain of the cochlear nucleus. Unipolar brush cells have a round or oval cell body with usually a single short dendrite that ends in a brush-like tuft of short dendrites unique to them known as dendrioles. PMID:9193142 WikipediaVersioned:Unipolar_brush_cell&oldid=1045937026 CL:4023162 A neuron found in the anterior part of the ventral cochlear nucleus that has the appearance of bushes, having short dendrites. Bushy cells give outputs to different parts of the superior olivary complex. bushy cell A neuron found in the anterior part of the ventral cochlear nucleus that has the appearance of bushes, having short dendrites. Bushy cells give outputs to different parts of the superior olivary complex. WikipediaVersioned:Bushy_cell&oldid=879061753 CL:4023163 A bushy cell that receives only few large excitatory endbulb synapses from auditory nerves. Spherical bush cells give excitatory input to the lateral and medial parts of the superior olive. SBC spherical bushy cell A bushy cell that receives only few large excitatory endbulb synapses from auditory nerves. Spherical bush cells give excitatory input to the lateral and medial parts of the superior olive. PMID:31881018 WikipediaVersioned:Bushy_cell&oldid=879061753 SBC PMID:31881018 CL:4023164 A bushy cell that receives a large number of medium-sized synapses, called modified endbulbs. Globular bushy cells extend to the superior olive on both sides of the brainstem where they give input to the bipolar neurons. GBC globular bushy cell A bushy cell that receives a large number of medium-sized synapses, called modified endbulbs. Globular bushy cells extend to the superior olive on both sides of the brainstem where they give input to the bipolar neurons. PMID:31881018 WikipediaVersioned:Bushy_cell&oldid=879061753 GBC PMID:31881018 CL:4023168 A neuron that is part of the somatic sensory system. Somatosensory neurons innervate the skin or integument to detect different types of thermal, chemical, and mechanical touch stimuli. somatosensory neuron A neuron that is part of the somatic sensory system. Somatosensory neurons innervate the skin or integument to detect different types of thermal, chemical, and mechanical touch stimuli. PMID:22865660 CL:4023169 A neuron that is responsible for sensation in the face or motor functions such as biting and chewing. Trigeminal neurons extend a single axon shaft along the lateral white matter of the hindbrain and spinal cord. The highly branched axons innervate the integument of the head. trigeminal neuron A neuron that is responsible for sensation in the face or motor functions such as biting and chewing. Trigeminal neurons extend a single axon shaft along the lateral white matter of the hindbrain and spinal cord. The highly branched axons innervate the integument of the head. PMID:22190641 WikipediaVersioned:Trigeminal_nerve&oldid=1099897926 CL:4023170 A trigeminal neuron that is responsible for sensation in the face. trigeminal sensory neuron A trigeminal neuron that is responsible for sensation in the face. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539823/ CL:4023171 A trigeminal neuron that is responsible for motor functions such as biting and chewing. trigeminal motor neuron A trigeminal neuron that is responsible for motor functions such as biting and chewing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539823/ CL:4023181 A neurecto-epithelial cell that is part of the basal layer of the subcommissural organ and specializes in the secretion of proteins into the subarachnoid space. Hypendymal cells have similar characteristics to ependymal cells and express SCO-spondin. hypendymal cell A neurecto-epithelial cell that is part of the basal layer of the subcommissural organ and specializes in the secretion of proteins into the subarachnoid space. Hypendymal cells have similar characteristics to ependymal cells and express SCO-spondin. PMID:26778959 PMID:9579598 CL:4023187 A neuron with a small cell body that is located in a koniocellular layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). NIFEXT:44 K cell In adult monkeys, koniocellular cells can be distinguished from parvocellular and magnocellular of the LGN by their expression of calbindin, the alpha subunit of type II calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and the gamma subunit of protein kinase C. koniocellular cell A neuron with a small cell body that is located in a koniocellular layer of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). WikipediaVersioned:Lateral_geniculate_nucleus&oldid=1098375993 K cell PMID:10845061 In adult monkeys, koniocellular cells can be distinguished from parvocellular and magnocellular of the LGN by their expression of calbindin, the alpha subunit of type II calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, and the gamma subunit of protein kinase C. PMID:10845061 CL:4023188 A retinal ganglion cell that originate in the ganglion cell layer of the retina, and project to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). These cells are known as midget retinal ganglion cells due to the small sizes of their dendritic trees and cell bodies. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 There are midget bipolar cells of retina and midget ganglion cells of retina and they are not the same: Midget bipolar cells (imb, fmb) have larger axon terminals at greater distances from the fovea (retinal eccentricity of 4.5mm as compared to 12 mm). Midget ganglion cells (MGC) have larger dendritic fields (here seen at 8 mm) as they increase in eccentricity. midget ganglion cell of retina A retinal ganglion cell that originate in the ganglion cell layer of the retina, and project to the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). These cells are known as midget retinal ganglion cells due to the small sizes of their dendritic trees and cell bodies. PMID:32533915 WikipediaVersioned:Midget_cell&oldid=982299713 CL:4023189 A retinal ganglion cell located in the ganglion cell layer of the retina. This cell projects to magnocellular cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). They have large cell bodies and extensive, branching dendritic networks that contribute to their large receptive fields. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7655-4833 M cell M ganglion cell These cells should not be confused with M1-M14 retinal ganglion cells described in PMID:16626866 which refer to a different classification of retinal ganglion cells. parasol ganglion cell of retina A retinal ganglion cell located in the ganglion cell layer of the retina. This cell projects to magnocellular cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). They have large cell bodies and extensive, branching dendritic networks that contribute to their large receptive fields. PMID:32533915 WikipediaVersioned:Parasol_cell&oldid=1032171532 CL:4028001 Any capillary endothelial cell that is part of a lung. 2021-11-23T02:31:40Z lung capillary endothelial cell pulmonary capillary endothelial cell CL:4028002 An alveolar capillary endothelial cell that is located distally to alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cells. 2021-11-23T03:23:53Z capillary 1 cell general capillary cell CAP1 gCAP alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cell An alveolar capillary endothelial cell that is located distally to alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cells. PMID:31233341 PMID:32059772 PMID:32059779 PMID:32091393 PMID:33057196 PMID:33705684 general capillary cell PMID:33057196 CAP1 gCAP PMID:33057196 CL:4028003 An alveolar capillary endothelial cell that is located proximally to alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cells and in close apposition to alveolar type 1 epithelial cells (also known as type I pneumocytes). 2021-11-23T03:23:53Z CD34hi endothelial cells Car4+ capillary endothelial cell aerocyte alveolar capillary cell capillary 2 cell aCAP alveolar capillary type 2 endothelial cell An alveolar capillary endothelial cell that is located proximally to alveolar capillary type 1 endothelial cells and in close apposition to alveolar type 1 epithelial cells (also known as type I pneumocytes). PMID:31233341 PMID:32059772 PMID:32059779 PMID:32091393 PMID:33057196 aerocyte PMID:33057196 aCAP CL:4028004 A pulmonary interstitial fibroblast that is part of the alveolus and contains lipid droplets. 2021-12-09T15:34:13Z alveolar fibroblast alveolar fibroblast 1 lipid interstitial cell lipofibroblast matrix fibroblast 1 pulmonary lipofibroblast AF1 alveolar type 1 fibroblast cell A pulmonary interstitial fibroblast that is part of the alveolus and contains lipid droplets. PMID:22268140 PMID:26706109 PMID:28886382 PMID:29489752 PMID:30675802 PMID:33624948 PMID:33707239 PMID:9074756 AF1 CL:4028006 A pulmonary interstitial fibroblast that is part of the alveolus and localizes to vascular adventitia. 2021-12-09T15:53:21Z adventitial fibroblast alveolar fibroblast matrix fibroblast 2 mesenchymal alveolar niche cell type-2 associated stromal cell AF2 MANC alveolar type 2 fibroblast cell A pulmonary interstitial fibroblast that is part of the alveolus and localizes to vascular adventitia. PMID:26706109 PMID:28886382 PMID:29752282 PMID:30675802 PMID:33208946 PMID:33624948 AF2 MANC CL:4029001 A cell that supports the development of a gamete by providing it cytoplasmic material (including entire organelles) by direct cross-membrane channels (del Pino, 2021). 2022-06-08T15:29:54Z BTO:0000953 cell gamete-nursing cell A cell that supports the development of a gamete by providing it cytoplasmic material (including entire organelles) by direct cross-membrane channels (del Pino, 2021). doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2020.10.008 CL:4029002 A gamete-nursing cell that derives from a germline cell (del Pino, 2021). 2022-06-08T15:32:29Z cell Nurse cells were first described in insects, but recent works suggest they also exist in some mammals (Lei and Spradling, 2016). germline-derived nurse cell A gamete-nursing cell that derives from a germline cell (del Pino, 2021). doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2020.10.008 Nurse cells were first described in insects, but recent works suggest they also exist in some mammals (Lei and Spradling, 2016). doi:10.1126/science.aad2156 CL:4029003 A gamete-nursing cell that derives from the somatic tissues of the gonad (del Pino, 2021). 2022-06-08T15:38:03Z cell We follow what seems to be a common usage in the literature, which is to reserve the term “nurse cell” proper to cells from the germ line, hence the label “nurse-like”. This term encompasses pyriform cells described in reptiles, bird, and amphibians (del Pino, 2021); it does not encompass mammalian Sertoli cells, which do not appear to transfer cytoplasmic material to spermatogonia (França et al., 2016). somatic nurse-like cell A gamete-nursing cell that derives from the somatic tissues of the gonad (del Pino, 2021). doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2020.10.008 We follow what seems to be a common usage in the literature, which is to reserve the term “nurse cell” proper to cells from the germ line, hence the label “nurse-like”. This term encompasses pyriform cells described in reptiles, bird, and amphibians (del Pino, 2021); it does not encompass mammalian Sertoli cells, which do not appear to transfer cytoplasmic material to spermatogonia (França et al., 2016). doi:10.1111/andr.12165 CL:4030000 A melanocyte located in the vascular uvea and involved in photoprotection, regulation of oxidative damage and immune responses. 2022-01-20T12:59:06Z uveal melanocyte Cellular functions and extracellular interactions of choroidal melanocytes are distinct to skin melanocytes. They might have both neuroectodermal as well as mesectodermal origins. choroidal melanocyte A melanocyte located in the vascular uvea and involved in photoprotection, regulation of oxidative damage and immune responses. PMID:31819095 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-0473 Cellular functions and extracellular interactions of choroidal melanocytes are distinct to skin melanocytes. They might have both neuroectodermal as well as mesectodermal origins. PMID:31819095 PMID:34082079 CL:4030001 A stromal cell that is part of the thymus. 2022-07-08T11:39:38Z thymic stromal cell stromal cell of thymus A stromal cell that is part of the thymus. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20082-7 CL:4030002 An alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive. 2022-02-01T13:04:46Z TEMRA effector memory RA T cell TEMRA cell terminally differentiated effector memory CD45RA+ T cells terminally differentiated effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA effector memory CD45RA-positive, alpha-beta T cell, terminally differentiated An alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CD45RA-positive. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2825-0621 TEMRA PMID:16237082 effector memory RA T cell PMID:16237082 TEMRA cell PMID:25104859 terminally differentiated effector memory CD45RA+ T cells PMID:25104859 terminally differentiated effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell#Memory_T_cells CL:4030003 A cell that makes up the loose connective tissue of the thymus. 2022-07-08T11:48:36Z thymic interstitial cell interstitial cell of thymus A cell that makes up the loose connective tissue of the thymus. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20082-7 CL:4030004 A large epithelial cell found in the thymus. This cell type may internalize thymocytes through extensions of plasma membrane. The cell surface and cytoplasmic vacuoles of a thymic nurse cell express MHC Class I and MHC Class II antigens. The interaction of these antigens with a developing thymocyte determines whether the thymocyte undergoes positive or negative selection. 2022-02-18T12:43:20Z thymic nurse cell A large epithelial cell found in the thymus. This cell type may internalize thymocytes through extensions of plasma membrane. The cell surface and cytoplasmic vacuoles of a thymic nurse cell express MHC Class I and MHC Class II antigens. The interaction of these antigens with a developing thymocyte determines whether the thymocyte undergoes positive or negative selection. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymic_nurse_cell CL:4030005 A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the cortical collecting duct. The medullary collecting duct does not contain the renal beta-intercalated cell type. 2022-09-14T16:19:11Z B-IC kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type B kidney collecting duct beta-intercalated cell A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the cortical collecting duct. The medullary collecting duct does not contain the renal beta-intercalated cell type. PMID:24051376 PMID:31300091 PMID:32016094 B-IC PMID:32016094 kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type B PMID:31300091 CL:4030006 An epithelial cell that is part of the fallopian tube epithelium that secretes mucous fluid and oviduct-specific products through the stimulation of estrogen and luteinizing hormone. The fallopian tube secretory cell has approximately the same height as the ciliated cell and is usually a more narrow columnar cell. The nucleus is ovoid and perpendicular to the long axis of the cell. The chromatin is more dense and the nucleolus smaller than that seen in the ciliated cell. 2022-03-03T10:39:31Z oviduct secretory epithelial cell uterine tube secretory epithelial cell The other cell types of the fallopian tube epithelium include the ciliated cell and the intercalary cell, or peg cell. The fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell type has been implicated as a source of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of the fallopian tube epithelium that secretes mucous fluid and oviduct-specific products through the stimulation of estrogen and luteinizing hormone. The fallopian tube secretory cell has approximately the same height as the ciliated cell and is usually a more narrow columnar cell. The nucleus is ovoid and perpendicular to the long axis of the cell. The chromatin is more dense and the nucleolus smaller than that seen in the ciliated cell. https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-7-129 https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8080933 https://www.proteinatlas.org/learn/dictionary/normal/fallopian+tube The other cell types of the fallopian tube epithelium include the ciliated cell and the intercalary cell, or peg cell. The fallopian tube secretory epithelial cell type has been implicated as a source of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2013.10.013 https://www.proteinatlas.org/learn/dictionary/normal/fallopian+tube CL:4030007 An epithelial ciliated cell that is part of the fallopian tube. This cell type is found mainly on the apex of the mucosal folds and contributes, together with peristaltic contractions, to the self-propulsion of spermatozoa, the transport of ovum during ovulation and the transport of the fertilized ovum to the intramural fallopian tube. A fallopian tube ciliated cell has a columnar shape and contains an oval or round nucleus, often located perpendicular or parallel to the long axis of the cell. 2022-03-08T12:40:19Z oviduct ciliated cell uterine tube ciliated epithelial cell fallopian tube ciliated cell An epithelial ciliated cell that is part of the fallopian tube. This cell type is found mainly on the apex of the mucosal folds and contributes, together with peristaltic contractions, to the self-propulsion of spermatozoa, the transport of ovum during ovulation and the transport of the fertilized ovum to the intramural fallopian tube. A fallopian tube ciliated cell has a columnar shape and contains an oval or round nucleus, often located perpendicular or parallel to the long axis of the cell. PMID:16565155 CL:4030008 A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the pronephros. 2022-03-11T14:38:32Z pronephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell pronephric podocyte A specialized epithelial cell that contains "feet" that interdigitate with the "feet" of other glomerular epithelial cells in the pronephros. PMID:10322630 pronephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell ZFA:0001673 CL:4030009 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 1 (S1) of the proximal tubule epithelium. 2022-05-10T13:14:00Z epithelial cell of segment 1 of proximal tubule epithelial cell of proximal tubule segment 1 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 1 (S1) of the proximal tubule epithelium. PMID:31249312 CL:4030010 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 2 (S2) of the proximal tubule epithelium. 2022-05-10T13:26:13Z epithelial cell of segment 2 of proximal tubule epithelial cell of proximal tubule segment 2 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 2 (S2) of the proximal tubule epithelium. PMID:31249312 CL:4030011 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 3 (S3) of the proximal tubule epithelium. 2022-05-10T13:31:06Z epithelial cell of segment 3 of proximal tubule epithelial cell of proximal tubule segment 3 Epithelial cell that is part of segment 3 (S3) of the proximal tubule epithelium. PMID:31249312 CL:4030012 Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the short loop (cortical) nephron limited to the outer medulla (mainly inner strip). It is known in some mammalian species that the short descending limb of the loop of Henle selectively expresses the serine protease Corin, the homeobox TF Uncx, and the urea channel Slc14a2. 2022-05-13T11:00:29Z epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the short loop of Henle kidney loop of Henle short descending thin limb epithelial cell Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the short loop (cortical) nephron limited to the outer medulla (mainly inner strip). It is known in some mammalian species that the short descending limb of the loop of Henle selectively expresses the serine protease Corin, the homeobox TF Uncx, and the urea channel Slc14a2. PMID:33769951 CL:4030013 Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the long loop (juxtamedullary) nephron that spans the outer medulla (inner stripe). It is known in some mammalian species that the long descending limb of the loop of Henle in the outer medulla selectively expresses the secreted activin-antagonist protein follistatin (Fst), the GPI-linked adhesion protein Cdh13, and the protein kinase Stk32a. 2022-05-13T11:11:07Z epithelial cell of the outer medulla of the long descending limb of the loop of Henle kidney loop of Henle long descending thin limb outer medulla epithelial cell Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the long loop (juxtamedullary) nephron that spans the outer medulla (inner stripe). It is known in some mammalian species that the long descending limb of the loop of Henle in the outer medulla selectively expresses the secreted activin-antagonist protein follistatin (Fst), the GPI-linked adhesion protein Cdh13, and the protein kinase Stk32a. PMID:33769951 CL:4030014 Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the long loop (juxtamedullary) nephron that spans the inner medulla. It is known in some mammalian species that the long descending limb of the loop of Henle in the inner medulla selectively expresses the nuclear receptor Nr2e3, the Ig kappa chain Igkc, and the secreted protein dermokine (Dmkn). SLC14A2, which expresses a urea transporter, is also expressed in the inner medulla. 2022-05-13T11:16:54Z epithelial cell of the inner medulla of the long descending limb of the loop of Henle kidney loop of Henle long descending thin limb inner medulla epithelial cell Epithelial cell of the descending thin limb of the long loop (juxtamedullary) nephron that spans the inner medulla. It is known in some mammalian species that the long descending limb of the loop of Henle in the inner medulla selectively expresses the nuclear receptor Nr2e3, the Ig kappa chain Igkc, and the secreted protein dermokine (Dmkn). SLC14A2, which expresses a urea transporter, is also expressed in the inner medulla. PMID:33769951 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8170 CL:4030015 A renal alpha-intercalated cell that is part of the collecting duct of the renal tubule. 2022-05-31T11:15:10Z kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type A kidney collecting duct alpha-intercalated cell A renal alpha-intercalated cell that is part of the collecting duct of the renal tubule. PMID:31249312 PMID:9890303 kidney collecting duct intercalated cell type A PMID:9890303 CL:4030016 An epithelial cell located in the early distal convoluted tubule. 2022-06-21T12:47:48Z DCT1 cell epithelial cell of early distal convoluted tubule An epithelial cell located in the early distal convoluted tubule. PMID:24855283 DCT1 cell PMID:24855283 CL:4030017 An epithelial cell located in the late distal convoluted tubule. 2022-06-21T13:51:46Z DCT2 cell Although mineralocorticoid receptors are expressed throughout the entire [distal convoluted tubule], the DCT2 is sensitive to the actions of aldosterone, because it expresses an enzyme called 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11-βHSD2) epithelial cell of late distal convoluted tubule An epithelial cell located in the late distal convoluted tubule. PMID:24855283 DCT2 cell PMID:24855283 Although mineralocorticoid receptors are expressed throughout the entire [distal convoluted tubule], the DCT2 is sensitive to the actions of aldosterone, because it expresses an enzyme called 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (11-βHSD2) PMID:24855283 CL:4030018 A renal principal cell located in the connecting tubule. 2022-06-27T15:25:10Z kidney connecting tubule principal cell A renal principal cell located in the connecting tubule. PMID:27582101 PMID:31249312 CL:4030019 A renal intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. 2022-06-29T11:25:22Z kidney connecting tubule intercalated cell A renal intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. PMID:9890303 CL:4030020 A renal alpha-intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. 2022-06-29T12:48:43Z connecting tubule A-IC kidney connecting tubule intercalated cell type A kidney connecting tubule alpha-intercalated cell A renal alpha-intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. PMID:2254448 PMID:24937428 PMID:9890303 connecting tubule A-IC PMID:24937428 kidney connecting tubule intercalated cell type A PMID:9890303 CL:4030021 A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. 2022-06-29T14:31:18Z connecting tubule B-IC kidney connecting tubule intercalated cell type B kidney connecting tubule beta-intercalated cell A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the renal connecting tubule. PMID:2254448 PMID:9890303 connecting tubule B-IC PMID:32065116 kidney connecting tubule intercalated cell type B PMID:9890303 CL:4030022 A fibroblast that is located in the renal medulla interstitium. 2022-07-05T12:13:40Z kidney medullary fibroblast It has been noted that inner medullary fibroblasts are involved in the regulation of water and electrolyte homeostasis. renal medullary fibroblast A fibroblast that is located in the renal medulla interstitium. PMID:10559635 It has been noted that inner medullary fibroblasts are involved in the regulation of water and electrolyte homeostasis. PMID:10559635 CL:4030023 A hillock cell that is located in respiratory epithelium. In some mammalian species, this cell type has been noted to express KRT13 and KRT4 and is postulated to play a role in squamous barrier function and immunomodulation. 2022-06-06T08:31:09Z hillock cell of respiratory tract respiratory hillock cell A hillock cell that is located in respiratory epithelium. In some mammalian species, this cell type has been noted to express KRT13 and KRT4 and is postulated to play a role in squamous barrier function and immunomodulation. PMID:30069044 PMID:32726565 PMID:33442032 CL:4030024 An epithelial, transitional cell type between basal and secretory; located in stratified, non-ciliated structures (called hillocks) with high cell turnover in epithelium. In some mammalian species, this cell type has been noted to express KRT13 and is postulated to play a role in squamous barrier function and immunomodulation. 2022-06-24T14:52:24Z hillock cell An epithelial, transitional cell type between basal and secretory; located in stratified, non-ciliated structures (called hillocks) with high cell turnover in epithelium. In some mammalian species, this cell type has been noted to express KRT13 and is postulated to play a role in squamous barrier function and immunomodulation. PMID:30069044 CL:4030025 A fibroblast that is located in the renal cortical interstitium. 2022-07-05T15:50:17Z kidney cortical fibroblast Renal cortical fibroblasts have key roles in mediating intercellular communication with neighboring/infiltrating cells and extracellular matrix and maintenance of renal tissue architecture. They additionally have an endocrine function in the production of epoetin. renal cortical fibroblast A fibroblast that is located in the renal cortical interstitium. PMID:10559635 Renal cortical fibroblasts have key roles in mediating intercellular communication with neighboring/infiltrating cells and extracellular matrix and maintenance of renal tissue architecture. They additionally have an endocrine function in the production of epoetin. PMID:16230044 CL:4030026 An absorptive epithelial cell of the human intestine expressing bestrophin-4 (BEST4) calcium-activated ion channels. 2022-09-07T12:34:20Z BEST4+ intestinal epithelial cell, human An absorptive epithelial cell of the human intestine expressing bestrophin-4 (BEST4) calcium-activated ion channels. PMID:24223998 PMID:35176508 CL:4030027 An amacrine cell that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. 2022-10-17T12:35:11Z amacrine cell, GABAergic GABAergic amacrine cell An amacrine cell that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.013 CL:4030028 An amacrine cell that uses glycine as a neurotransmitter. 2022-10-17T12:40:06Z amacrine cell, glycinergic glycinergic amacrine cell An amacrine cell that uses glycine as a neurotransmitter. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.013 CL:4030029 A lymphocyte located in blood. 2022-11-04T14:40:00Z blood lymphocyte A lymphocyte located in blood. CL:4030030 A blood lymphocyte located in the flowing, circulating blood of the body. 2022-11-14T10:08:14Z peripheral blood lymphocyte https://github.com/obophenotype/cell-ontology/pull/1725 A blood lymphocyte located in the flowing, circulating blood of the body. PMID:31092833 https://sciencing.com/what-peripheral-blood-4672930.html CL:4030031 Any cell that is located within the interstitium between the cells most prominent in defining a given tissue. "Interstitial cell" is a morphological term and refers to a variety of cells with differing origins and phenotypes. 2022-11-30T14:35:08Z interstitial cell Any cell that is located within the interstitium between the cells most prominent in defining a given tissue. "Interstitial cell" is a morphological term and refers to a variety of cells with differing origins and phenotypes. PMID:24987007 CL:4030032 An interstitial cell that is part of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve endothelial cells, a valve interstitial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. 2022-12-06T14:18:45Z VIC cardiac valve interstitial cell valvular interstitial cell Activated valve interstitial cells undergo continual turn over into deactivated fibroblasts and other cell fates (such as apoptosis). valve interstitial cell An interstitial cell that is part of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve endothelial cells, a valve interstitial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. PMID:25311230 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2017.0580 https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314789 https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.117.006339 https://doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2007.070251 VIC PMID:25311230 PMID:30796046 valvular interstitial cell PMID:25311230 Activated valve interstitial cells undergo continual turn over into deactivated fibroblasts and other cell fates (such as apoptosis). PMID:25311230 CL:4030033 An endothelial cell that lines a surface of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve interstitial cells, a valve endothelial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. 2022-12-09T11:58:49Z VEC valvular endothelial cell At least in some mammalian species, a valve endothelial cell expresses CD31. Valve endothelial cells can undergo an endothelial to mesenchymal transition to acquire a fibroblast or myofibroblast phenotype that leads to changes in the microenvironmental signals and facilitates tissue regeneration. valve endothelial cell An endothelial cell that lines a surface of a cardiac valve leaflet. Along with valve interstitial cells, a valve endothelial cell maintains tissue homeostasis for the function of cardiac valves through secreting biochemical signals, matrix proteins and matrix remodeling enzymes. PMID:25311230 VEC PMID:25311230 PMID:30796046 valvular endothelial cell PMID:25311230 At least in some mammalian species, a valve endothelial cell expresses CD31. Valve endothelial cells can undergo an endothelial to mesenchymal transition to acquire a fibroblast or myofibroblast phenotype that leads to changes in the microenvironmental signals and facilitates tissue regeneration. PMID:25311230 CL:4030034 A ciliated cell of the respiratory system. Ciliated cells are present in airway epithelium. 2023-01-25T11:06:01Z ciliated cell of the respiratory tract respiratory ciliated cell A ciliated cell of the respiratory system. Ciliated cells are present in airway epithelium. PMID:18757316 PMID:21364219 CL:4030035 A dental pulp cell that possesses stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation. 2023-01-10T14:02:02Z DPSC dental pulp stem cell A dental pulp cell that possesses stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation. DOI:10.1177/154405910208100806 DPSC CL:4030036 A spermatid in an early stage of maturation that has a round morphology and is transcriptionally active. 2023-02-01T13:56:00Z round spermatid early spermatid A spermatid in an early stage of maturation that has a round morphology and is transcriptionally active. https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/single+cell+type/Germ+cells#earlyspermatids round spermatid https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-01970-5.50014-2 CL:4030037 A spermatid in a late stage of maturation that has an elongated morphology and is transcriptionally inert when the acrosome is fully developed. 2023-02-01T14:02:15Z elongated spermatid late spermatid A spermatid in a late stage of maturation that has an elongated morphology and is transcriptionally inert when the acrosome is fully developed. https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/single+cell+type/Germ+cells#latespermatids elongated spermatid https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-01970-5.50014-2 CL:4030038 A CD24-positive, CD-133-positive, vimentin-positive cell found scattered throughout a renal proximal tubule and that may participate in tubular regeneration. Compared to other proximal tubular cell types, this cell contains less cytoplasm, fewer mitochondria and no brush border. 2023-03-07T14:17:39Z CD133+CD24+CD106- tubular cell CD24+CD133+ tubular cell CD24-positive tubular cell After acute tubular injury, this cell type becomes more numerous. In healthy rat kidneys, this cell is not detectable, whereas after unilateral ureteral obstruction (renal injury), it may appear de novo, arguing against the notion that this cell type represents a pre-existing progenitor cell population. In at least one study, data indicate that this cell type represents transiently dedifferentiated tubular cells involved in regeneration. CD24-positive, CD-133-positive, vimentin-positive proximal tubular cell A CD24-positive, CD-133-positive, vimentin-positive cell found scattered throughout a renal proximal tubule and that may participate in tubular regeneration. Compared to other proximal tubular cell types, this cell contains less cytoplasm, fewer mitochondria and no brush border. PMID:21281815 PMID:23124355 CD133+CD24+CD106- tubular cell https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.1130 CD24+CD133+ tubular cell PMID:23124355 CD24-positive tubular cell PMID:23124355 After acute tubular injury, this cell type becomes more numerous. In healthy rat kidneys, this cell is not detectable, whereas after unilateral ureteral obstruction (renal injury), it may appear de novo, arguing against the notion that this cell type represents a pre-existing progenitor cell population. In at least one study, data indicate that this cell type represents transiently dedifferentiated tubular cells involved in regeneration. PMID:23124355 CL:4030039 An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron that is morphologically-defined with a large, spindle-shaped cell body, thick bipolar dendrites with limited branching and a moderate density of spines, and often an axon initial segment that emanates from the side of the cell body. This cell type is associated with markers POU3F, BMP3 and ITGA4. 2023-05-25T07:29:21Z VEN In humans, a von Economo neuron is restricted to layer 5 of the anterior cingulate, frontoinsular, and medial frontopolar regions of cerebral cortex, while in some other species it is also found in the frontal and occipital poles and may not be restricted to layer 5. von Economo neuron An extratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic cortical neuron that is morphologically-defined with a large, spindle-shaped cell body, thick bipolar dendrites with limited branching and a moderate density of spines, and often an axon initial segment that emanates from the side of the cell body. This cell type is associated with markers POU3F, BMP3 and ITGA4. DOI:10.1007/BF02970950 DOI:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 PMID:32127543 VEN PMID:32127543 In humans, a von Economo neuron is restricted to layer 5 of the anterior cingulate, frontoinsular, and medial frontopolar regions of cerebral cortex, while in some other species it is also found in the frontal and occipital poles and may not be restricted to layer 5. PMID:32127543 CL:4030040 A ciliated cell of the endometrial epithelium. The cilia of this cell type help move mucus from glandular tissue of the endometrium. 2023-02-09T11:25:14Z ciliated cell of the uterus uterine ciliated cell ciliated cell of the endometrium endometrium ciliated epithelial cell In human samples, the expression of FOXJ1 protein, a regulator for motile cilia with epithelial lineage identity, has been noted. endometrial ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated cell of the endometrial epithelium. The cilia of this cell type help move mucus from glandular tissue of the endometrium. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1040-z https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/single+cell+type/Glandular+epithelial+cells#endometrialciliatedcells In human samples, the expression of FOXJ1 protein, a regulator for motile cilia with epithelial lineage identity, has been noted. ttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1040-z CL:4030041 A ciliated cell of the endometrial luminal epithelium. 2023-02-09T11:34:42Z luminal endometrial ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated cell of the endometrial luminal epithelium. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1040-z CL:4030042 A ciliated cell of the endometrial glandular epithelium. 2023-02-09T11:37:30Z glandular endometrial ciliated epithelial cell A ciliated cell of the endometrial glandular epithelium. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1040-z CL:4030043 A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a matrix compartment of dorsal striatum. 2023-06-02T14:05:03Z D1-matrix D1M matrix D1-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both matrix D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: EPHA4, GDA, STXBP6, and SEMA3E. Broadly understood, matrix MSNs receive neocortical inputs from the associative and sensorimotor cortex and give rise to the direct and indirect pathways. matrix D1 medium spiny neuron A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a matrix compartment of dorsal striatum. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1-matrix doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1M doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 matrix D1-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both matrix D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: EPHA4, GDA, STXBP6, and SEMA3E. Broadly understood, matrix MSNs receive neocortical inputs from the associative and sensorimotor cortex and give rise to the direct and indirect pathways. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030047 A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a matrix compartment of dorsal striatum. 2023-06-02T14:40:25Z D2-matrix D2M matrix D2-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both matrix D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: EPHA4, GDA, STXBP6, and SEMA3E. Broadly understood, matrix MSNs receive neocortical inputs from the associative and sensorimotor cortex and give rise to the direct and indirect pathways. matrix D2 medium spiny neuron A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a matrix compartment of dorsal striatum. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D2-matrix doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D2M doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 matrix D2-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both matrix D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: EPHA4, GDA, STXBP6, and SEMA3E. Broadly understood, matrix MSNs receive neocortical inputs from the associative and sensorimotor cortex and give rise to the direct and indirect pathways. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030048 A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a striosome of dorsal striatum. 2023-06-02T14:50:43Z striosome D1 medium spiny neuron D1-striosome D1S striosome D1-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both striosomal D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron (MSN) cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: KCNT1, KHDRBS3, FAM163A, BACH2, and KCNIP1. Striosomal MSN activations have been noted to influence cognitive and emotional decision making and value-based learning. In contrast to matrix MSNs, striosomal MSNs receive input from limbic territories, including the anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior insular cortex, and project directly to midbrain dopamine neurons. striosomal D1 medium spiny neuron A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a striosome of dorsal striatum. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 striosome D1 medium spiny neuron doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1-striosome DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1S doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 striosome D1-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both striosomal D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron (MSN) cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: KCNT1, KHDRBS3, FAM163A, BACH2, and KCNIP1. Striosomal MSN activations have been noted to influence cognitive and emotional decision making and value-based learning. In contrast to matrix MSNs, striosomal MSNs receive input from limbic territories, including the anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior insular cortex, and project directly to midbrain dopamine neurons. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030049 A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a striosome of dorsal striatum. 2023-06-02T15:03:08Z striosome D2 medium spiny neuron D2-striosome D2S striosome D2-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both striosomal D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron (MSN) cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: KCNT1, KHDRBS3, FAM163A, BACH2, and KCNIP1. Striosomal MSN activations have been noted to influence cognitive and emotional decision making and value-based learning. In contrast to matrix MSNs, striosomal MSNs receive input from limbic territories, including the anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior insular cortex, and project directly to midbrain dopamine neurons. striosomal D2 medium spiny neuron A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a striosome of dorsal striatum. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 striosome D2 medium spiny neuron doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D2-striosome doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D2S doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 striosome D2-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both striosomal D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron (MSN) cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: KCNT1, KHDRBS3, FAM163A, BACH2, and KCNIP1. Striosomal MSN activations have been noted to influence cognitive and emotional decision making and value-based learning. In contrast to matrix MSNs, striosomal MSNs receive input from limbic territories, including the anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and anterior insular cortex, and project directly to midbrain dopamine neurons. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030050 A medium spiny neuron that expresses both DRD1 and DRD2 and is part of an extra-striosomal part of dorsal striatum. 2023-06-02T15:19:45Z D1/2 D1/D2 hybrid D1/D2-hybrid MSN hybrid D1/2 cell type It has been noted in non-human primate species that the D1/D2-hybrid medium spiny neuron (D1/2) cell type shows the same amount of DRD1 expression as nearby D1 medium spiny neurons but far less DRD2 expression compared to nearby D2 medium spiny neurons. In Rhesus macaques, RXFP1 has been noted as a highly specific marker gene for the D1/2 cell type. The D1/2 cell type has also been described as having characteristics similar to a novel medium spiny neuron described in rodents (D1H or eccentric spiny projection neuron). Although an extrastriosomal cell type, the D1/2 cell type had been noted to express many of the genes associated with striosome, suggesting a possible homology to ‘‘exo-patch’’ cells. D1/D2-hybrid medium spiny neuron A medium spiny neuron that expresses both DRD1 and DRD2 and is part of an extra-striosomal part of dorsal striatum. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1/2 doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1/D2 hybrid doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1/D2-hybrid MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 hybrid D1/2 cell type doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 It has been noted in non-human primate species that the D1/D2-hybrid medium spiny neuron (D1/2) cell type shows the same amount of DRD1 expression as nearby D1 medium spiny neurons but far less DRD2 expression compared to nearby D2 medium spiny neurons. In Rhesus macaques, RXFP1 has been noted as a highly specific marker gene for the D1/2 cell type. The D1/2 cell type has also been described as having characteristics similar to a novel medium spiny neuron described in rodents (D1H or eccentric spiny projection neuron). Although an extrastriosomal cell type, the D1/2 cell type had been noted to express many of the genes associated with striosome, suggesting a possible homology to ‘‘exo-patch’’ cells. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030051 A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a nucleus accumbens shell or olfactory tubercle. 2023-06-14T13:03:50Z NAc shell and OT D1 medium spiny neuron D1Sh NAc shell and OT D1-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: GREB1L, ARHGAP6, and GRIA4. nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D1 medium spiny neuron A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a nucleus accumbens shell or olfactory tubercle. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 NAc shell and OT D1 medium spiny neuron doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1Sh doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 NAc shell and OT D1-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: GREB1L, ARHGAP6, and GRIA4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030052 A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a nucleus accumbens shell or olfactory tubercle. 2023-06-14T13:27:51Z NAc shell and OT D2 medium spiny neuron D2Sh NAc shell and OT D2-MSN nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D2-MSN In Rhesus macaques, both nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: GREB1L, ARHGAP6, and GRIA4. nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D2 medium spiny neuron A DRD2-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of a nucleus accumbens shell or olfactory tubercle. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 NAc shell and OT D2 medium spiny neuron doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D2Sh doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 NAc shell and OT D2-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D2-MSN doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, both nucleus accumbens shell and olfactory tubercle D1 and D2 medium spiny neuron cell types have been noted to have enriched gene expression of the following: GREB1L, ARHGAP6, and GRIA4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030053 A DRD1-expressing, medium spiny neuron-like granule cell that is part of an Island of Calleja. 2023-06-14T13:37:45Z D1-ICj In Rhesus macaques, the Island of Calleja granule cell type has been noted to have enriched gene expression of CPNE4. Island of Calleja granule cell A DRD1-expressing, medium spiny neuron-like granule cell that is part of an Island of Calleja. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1-ICj doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 In Rhesus macaques, the Island of Calleja granule cell type has been noted to have enriched gene expression of CPNE4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030054 A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of dense, RXFP1-positive cell islands throughout the nucleus accumbens, putamen, and near the adjacent septal nuclei. 2023-06-14T14:46:08Z RXFP1-positive island D1-medium spiny neuron D1-NUDAP Regarding the abbreviation D1-NUDAP, NUDAP stands for "neurochemically unique domains in the accumbens and putamen". In Rhesus macaques, the RXFP1-positive interface island D1-medium spiny neuron (D1-NUDAP) has been noted to have upregulation of OPRM1 compared to DRD1-expressing medium spiny neurons located outside of the D1-exclusive island and in Islands of Calleja. Kappa-opioid receptor gene (OPRK1) has been noted to be absent from D1-NUDAP cells. Many striosome-specific markers have been noted to be upregulated in D1-NUDAP cells, including KCNIP1, KCNT1, KHDRBS3, and BACH2. PDYN, an acknowledged D1-striosome marker gene, has also been noted to be expressed in D1-NUDAPs. D1-NUDAPs also express some genes found to be selectively expressed in the matrix, including STXBP6, GDA, and SEMA3E. Gene enrichment analysis has revealed that D1-NUDAP neurons express genes that have been implicated in drug addiction and many other functions. RXFP1-positive interface island D1-medium spiny neuron A DRD1-expressing medium spiny neuron that is part of dense, RXFP1-positive cell islands throughout the nucleus accumbens, putamen, and near the adjacent septal nuclei. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 RXFP1-positive island D1-medium spiny neuron doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 D1-NUDAP doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 Regarding the abbreviation D1-NUDAP, NUDAP stands for "neurochemically unique domains in the accumbens and putamen". In Rhesus macaques, the RXFP1-positive interface island D1-medium spiny neuron (D1-NUDAP) has been noted to have upregulation of OPRM1 compared to DRD1-expressing medium spiny neurons located outside of the D1-exclusive island and in Islands of Calleja. Kappa-opioid receptor gene (OPRK1) has been noted to be absent from D1-NUDAP cells. Many striosome-specific markers have been noted to be upregulated in D1-NUDAP cells, including KCNIP1, KCNT1, KHDRBS3, and BACH2. PDYN, an acknowledged D1-striosome marker gene, has also been noted to be expressed in D1-NUDAPs. D1-NUDAPs also express some genes found to be selectively expressed in the matrix, including STXBP6, GDA, and SEMA3E. Gene enrichment analysis has revealed that D1-NUDAP neurons express genes that have been implicated in drug addiction and many other functions. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.015 CL:4030055 A urothelial cell that is part of the regenerative layer(s) of cells directly superficial to basal cells in urothelium. The layer of intermediate cells in the urothelium ranges from one to several layers thick depending on the species with intermediate cells attached to adjacent cell layers and one another via desmosomes. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-9183 2023-06-16T07:53:43Z FMA:84155 urothelial intermediate cell It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial intermediate cell type is similar to basal cells by expressing CK17 and (unlike umbrella cells) p63 but is positive for uroplakins (UPK) and negative for CK5. Urothelial intermediate cells have also been noted to be larger in diameter than urothelial basal cells. intermediate cell of urothelium A urothelial cell that is part of the regenerative layer(s) of cells directly superficial to basal cells in urothelium. The layer of intermediate cells in the urothelium ranges from one to several layers thick depending on the species with intermediate cells attached to adjacent cell layers and one another via desmosomes. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 urothelial intermediate cell doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14366-4_8 It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial intermediate cell type is similar to basal cells by expressing CK17 and (unlike umbrella cells) p63 but is positive for uroplakins (UPK) and negative for CK5. Urothelial intermediate cells have also been noted to be larger in diameter than urothelial basal cells. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 CL:4030056 A urothelial cell that is terminally differentiated and part of the urothelial apical surface that forms the high-resistance barrier of urothelium. Umbrella cells have been described as the largest of urothelial cell types, highly polarized, and, in some species, multinucleated. In the relaxed state, these cells form a dome-shaped structure at the apical pole and can also cover multiple underlying intermediate cells, leading to the name umbrella cells. In contrast, these cells flatten when the bladder is filled. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-9183 2023-06-16T07:59:43Z FMA:84149 facet cell of urothelium superficial cell of urothelium Umbrella cells are attached to sub-superficial cell layers via desmosomes, while tight junctions localized between superficial cells aid in forming a high-resistance barrier function. Another distinguishing feature of an umbrella cell type is the presence of subapical discoidal/fusiform-shaped vesicles contributing to the plasticity in urothelial cell surface area through a regulated process of endocytosis/exocytosis. It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial umbrella cell type expresses UPK1A, UPK1B, UPK2 and UPK3A. Unlike intermediate and basal cells of the urothelium, CK17 is reported to be completely absent and p63 not expressed in umbrella cells. umbrella cell of urothelium A urothelial cell that is terminally differentiated and part of the urothelial apical surface that forms the high-resistance barrier of urothelium. Umbrella cells have been described as the largest of urothelial cell types, highly polarized, and, in some species, multinucleated. In the relaxed state, these cells form a dome-shaped structure at the apical pole and can also cover multiple underlying intermediate cells, leading to the name umbrella cells. In contrast, these cells flatten when the bladder is filled. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 facet cell of urothelium doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 superficial cell of urothelium doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 Umbrella cells are attached to sub-superficial cell layers via desmosomes, while tight junctions localized between superficial cells aid in forming a high-resistance barrier function. Another distinguishing feature of an umbrella cell type is the presence of subapical discoidal/fusiform-shaped vesicles contributing to the plasticity in urothelial cell surface area through a regulated process of endocytosis/exocytosis. It has been noted in at least some mammalian species that the urothelial umbrella cell type expresses UPK1A, UPK1B, UPK2 and UPK3A. Unlike intermediate and basal cells of the urothelium, CK17 is reported to be completely absent and p63 not expressed in umbrella cells. doi:10.1038/s41385-022-00565-0 CL:4030057 A medium spiny neuron that exhibits transcriptional divergence from direct and indirect spiny projection neurons, for example, enrichment in Casz1, Otof, Cacng5 and Pcdh8 noted in mice. Whilst in general medium spiny neurons have been found to be differentially distributed across the basal ganglia, the eccentric medium spiny neuron cell type has been found to be more evenly distributed throughout cerebral nuclei. 2023-06-23T14:59:36Z eccentric spiny projection neuron eSPN eccentric MSN eccentric SPN The term “eccentric” is used in the name eccentric medium spiny neuron (MSN) due to the exhibited transcriptional divergence from canonical spiny projection neurons. It has been noted in at least one study that an eccentric MSN differs in expression from direct and indirect MSNs by 110 genes (more than the 68 that distinguished direct and indirect spiny projection neurons from each other) and expresses many genes that have little expression in the rest of the striatum. It also has been noted in at least one human study that most eccentric MSNs expressed only DRD1, but many in the basal ganglia co-expressed DRD1 and DRD2, suggesting regional specialization of a more broadly distributed cell type. eccentric medium spiny neuron A medium spiny neuron that exhibits transcriptional divergence from direct and indirect spiny projection neurons, for example, enrichment in Casz1, Otof, Cacng5 and Pcdh8 noted in mice. Whilst in general medium spiny neurons have been found to be differentially distributed across the basal ganglia, the eccentric medium spiny neuron cell type has been found to be more evenly distributed throughout cerebral nuclei. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 doi:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 eccentric spiny projection neuron doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 eSPN doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 eccentric MSN doi:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 eccentric SPN doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 The term “eccentric” is used in the name eccentric medium spiny neuron (MSN) due to the exhibited transcriptional divergence from canonical spiny projection neurons. It has been noted in at least one study that an eccentric MSN differs in expression from direct and indirect MSNs by 110 genes (more than the 68 that distinguished direct and indirect spiny projection neurons from each other) and expresses many genes that have little expression in the rest of the striatum. It also has been noted in at least one human study that most eccentric MSNs expressed only DRD1, but many in the basal ganglia co-expressed DRD1 and DRD2, suggesting regional specialization of a more broadly distributed cell type. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.028 doi:10.1101/2022.10.12.511898 CL:4030058 A macrophage that expresses the T cell receptor complex at the cell surface. 2023-09-26T12:27:14Z T cell receptor positive macrophage TCR+ macrophage TCR.macs TCR-positive macrophage A macrophage that expresses the T cell receptor complex at the cell surface. PMID:26074923 T cell receptor positive macrophage PMID:26074923 TCR+ macrophage PMID:26074923 TCR.macs PMID:37500727 CL:4030059 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2/3. 2023-10-10T14:10:21Z L2/3 IT L2/3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2/3. PMID:34004146 PMID:37292694 L2/3 IT PMID:34004146 CL:4030060 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2. 2023-10-10T14:10:36Z L2 IT L2 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 2. PMID:34004146 L2 IT PMID:34004146 CL:4030061 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 3. 2023-10-10T14:10:47Z L3 IT L3 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 3. PMID:34004146 L3 IT PMID:34004146 CL:4030062 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic with a soma located in cortical layer 4/5. 2023-10-10T14:11:04Z L4/5 IT L4/5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic with a soma located in cortical layer 4/5. PMID:34004146 L4/5 IT PMID:34004146 CL:4030063 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 4. 2023-10-10T14:11:25Z L4 IT L4 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 4. PMID:37292694 L4 IT PMID:37292694 CL:4030064 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 5. 2023-10-10T14:11:59Z L5 IT L5 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 5. PMID:37292694 PMID:37609206 L5 IT PMID:37292694 CL:4030065 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6. 2023-10-10T14:12:23Z L6 IT L6 intratelencephalic projecting glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6. PMID:37292694 PMID:37609206 L6 IT PMID:37292694 CL:4030066 An epithelial cell that is part of a ureteric bud. A ureteric bud cell has the potential to induce metanephric mesenchymal cells to proliferate and convert to epithelia that form renal tubules via: (1) the secretion of multiple diffusible growth factors that rescue renal progenitors from apoptosis and stimulate them to proliferate and (2) contact-dependent mechanisms that induce mesenchymal-epithelial conversion. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1425-877X 2023-10-13T11:22:42Z UB cell ureteric bud cell An epithelial cell that is part of a ureteric bud. A ureteric bud cell has the potential to induce metanephric mesenchymal cells to proliferate and convert to epithelia that form renal tubules via: (1) the secretion of multiple diffusible growth factors that rescue renal progenitors from apoptosis and stimulate them to proliferate and (2) contact-dependent mechanisms that induce mesenchymal-epithelial conversion. PMID:17133361 PMID:24183650 PMID:9374839 UB cell PMID:24183650 CL:4030067 A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 5/6. 2023-11-17T11:35:06Z L5/6 NP L5/6 near-projecting glutamatergic neuron A near-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 5/6. PMID:34004146 PMID:37292694 L5/6 NP PMID:34004146 CL:4030068 An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6 that expresses Car3. 2023-11-23T09:16:14Z L6 IT Car3 glutamatergic neuron L6 IT Car3 L6 IT Car3 neuron L6-IT-Car3 L6-IT-Car3 cell L6 intratelencephalic projecting Car3 glutamatergic neuron An intratelencephalic-projecting glutamatergic neuron with a soma found in cortical layer 6 that expresses Car3. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.021 doi:10.1101/2022.11.06.515349 doi:10.1101/2022.11.30.518285 L6 IT Car3 glutamatergic neuron L6 IT Car3 doi:10.1101/2022.11.06.515349 L6 IT Car3 neuron doi:10.1101/2022.11.06.515349 L6-IT-Car3 doi:10.1101/2022.11.30.518285 L6-IT-Car3 cell doi:10.1101/2022.11.30.518285 CL:4032000 An epithelial cell of the urethra that has an expression profile similar to lung club cells. Club-like cells of the urethra epithelium are similar to lung club cells in their expression of SCGB1A1 and in their enrichment of immunomodulatory programs. The term "club-like" is used to disambiguate from club cells which CL defines as a type of bronchial epithelial cell. This seems to reflect common usage of club cell when used without location (club cell seems to mean bronchial club cell, unless it is proceded or preceded by something that says it is not bronchial). In the literature, the name "club-like" isn't used. club cell of the urethra epithelium club-like cell of the prostatic urethra epithelium prostate club cell Club cells typically refer to bronchiolar exocrine cells found in the lungs. This cell type is given the name club cell due to their similarity to club cells in the lungs. club-like cell of the urethral epithelium An epithelial cell of the urethra that has an expression profile similar to lung club cells. Club-like cells of the urethra epithelium are similar to lung club cells in their expression of SCGB1A1 and in their enrichment of immunomodulatory programs. PMID:30566875 PMID:32497356 club-like cell of the prostatic urethra epithelium https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7258-9596 prostate club cell PMID:30566875 Club cells typically refer to bronchiolar exocrine cells found in the lungs. This cell type is given the name club cell due to their similarity to club cells in the lungs. PMID:30566875 CL:4032001 A GABAergic interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses reelin (rln). http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5501-853X http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-6306 rln GABAergic cortical interneuron reelin GABAergic cortical interneuron A GABAergic interneuron located in the cerebral cortex that expresses reelin (rln). PMID:23803971 rln GABAergic cortical interneuron PMID:29904965 CL:4033000 A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) venule of lymph node. endothelial cell of venule of lymph node A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) venule of lymph node. PMID:28217126 CL:4033001 A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) arteriole of lymph node. endothelial cell of arteriole of lymph node A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) arteriole of lymph node. PMID:28217126 CL:4033002 A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn. neuroendocrine cell of epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn. PMID:31390635 CL:4033003 A(n) myoepithelial cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. myoepithelial cell of bronchus submucosal gland A(n) myoepithelial cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. PMID:19996346 PMID:5487122 CL:4033004 A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) taenia coli. smooth muscle cell of taenia coli A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) taenia coli. PMID:10715339 PMID:22320805 CL:4033005 A(n) serous secreting cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. serous secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland A(n) serous secreting cell that is part of a(n) bronchus submucosal gland. PMID:5487122 PMID:9651178 CL:4033006 A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) efferent lymphatic vessel. endothelial cell of efferent lymphatic vessel A(n) endothelial cell that is part of a(n) efferent lymphatic vessel. PMID:32094869 CL:4033007 A(n) brush cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. brush cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus A(n) brush cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. PMID:15817800 CL:4033008 A(n) vein endothelial cell that is part of a(n) respiratory system. vein endothelial cell of respiratory system A(n) vein endothelial cell that is part of a(n) respiratory system. PMID:34030460 CL:4033009 A(n) goblet cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. goblet cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus A(n) goblet cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. PMID:18757316 CL:4033010 A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. neuroendocrine cell of epithelium of lobar bronchus A(n) neuroendocrine cell that is part of a(n) epithelium of lobar bronchus. PMID:26711336 PMID:33355253 CL:4033011 A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle circular layer. smooth muscle cell of large intestine smooth muscle circular layer A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle circular layer. PMID:24997029 CL:4033012 A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer. smooth muscle cell of large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer A(n) smooth muscle cell that is part of a(n) large intestine smooth muscle longitudinal layer. PMID:24997029 CL:4033013 A keratinocyte of the epidermis suprabasal layer. This cell may express the differentiation markers keratin 10 and keratin 1. 2023-02-02T11:17:04Z suprabasal keratinocyte A keratinocyte of the epidermis suprabasal layer. This cell may express the differentiation markers keratin 10 and keratin 1. PMID:35883599 PMID:9520465 https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/single+cell+type/squamous+epithelial+cells#suprabasalkeratinocytes CL:4033014 A small, narrow, peg-shaped epithelial cell with little cytoplasm that is part of oviduct epithelium. This cell is rarer than the ciliated and secretory epithelial cells of the fallopian tube epithelium and is often found intercalated between them. Peg cells are generally distributed basally along the epithelium and have been found in high concentrations at the fimbriated, distal end of the fallopian tube in humans. It may have a regenerative/stem-cell function. In humans, markers include EPCAM, CD44, and ITGA6. 2023-02-02T15:07:12Z FTE stem-like cell FTESC fallopian tube epithelial stem-like cell intercalary cell In vitro evidence supports a stem-cell/regenerative function for these cells peg cell A small, narrow, peg-shaped epithelial cell with little cytoplasm that is part of oviduct epithelium. This cell is rarer than the ciliated and secretory epithelial cells of the fallopian tube epithelium and is often found intercalated between them. Peg cells are generally distributed basally along the epithelium and have been found in high concentrations at the fimbriated, distal end of the fallopian tube in humans. It may have a regenerative/stem-cell function. In humans, markers include EPCAM, CD44, and ITGA6. PMID:2210508 PMID:22911892 PMID:30023181 FTE stem-like cell PMID:22911892 FTESC PMID:22911892 fallopian tube epithelial stem-like cell PMID:22911892 intercalary cell PMID:22911892 In vitro evidence supports a stem-cell/regenerative function for these cells PMID:22911892 CL:4033015 A star-shaped glial cell that is part of some retina. This cell links neurons to blood vessels and may provide structural and physiological support to optic nerve head axons. 2023-03-02T14:38:32Z retinal astroglia In response to elevated intraocular pressure, a retinal astrocyte may modulate extracellular matrix remodeling. In the human retina, a retinal astrocyte is GFAP-positive, SOD3-positive and GYPC-positive. retinal astrocyte A star-shaped glial cell that is part of some retina. This cell links neurons to blood vessels and may provide structural and physiological support to optic nerve head axons. PMID:25236977 PMID:33796062 retinal astroglia PMID:33796062 In response to elevated intraocular pressure, a retinal astrocyte may modulate extracellular matrix remodeling. In the human retina, a retinal astrocyte is GFAP-positive, SOD3-positive and GYPC-positive. PMID:32555229 PMID:33796062 CL:4033016 A myofibroblast that is part of an alveoli during alveolarization. The contractile force of this cell elongates the secondary crest, while producing a framework of elastin and tenascin. During the maturation of the septa, secondary crest myofibroblasts, together with matrix fibroblasts, secrete metalloproteinases and other ECM‐remodeling proteins to thin the septal tip ECM. The secondary crest myofibroblast continues producing elastin, eventually undergoing apoptosis during adulthood. 2023-03-16T09:17:47Z secondary-crest myofibroblast SCMF SCMFs alveolar myofibroblast secondary crest myofibroblast A myofibroblast that is part of an alveoli during alveolarization. The contractile force of this cell elongates the secondary crest, while producing a framework of elastin and tenascin. During the maturation of the septa, secondary crest myofibroblasts, together with matrix fibroblasts, secrete metalloproteinases and other ECM‐remodeling proteins to thin the septal tip ECM. The secondary crest myofibroblast continues producing elastin, eventually undergoing apoptosis during adulthood. PMID:31331942 PMID:33624948 secondary-crest myofibroblast PMID:31331942 SCMF PMID:33624948 SCMFs PMID:25448080 alveolar myofibroblast PMID:31331942 CL:4033017 A smooth muscle cell that is part of a bronchiole. 2023-03-16T09:38:17Z bronchiolar smooth muscle cell A smooth muscle cell that is part of a bronchiole. ISBN:9781260462982 PMID:15347627 CL:4033018 A megakaryocyte that is resident in the lung connective tissue. 2023-03-16T11:31:23Z lung resident megakaryocyte lung-resident megakaryocyte MKL lung MKs lung megakaryocyte A megakaryocyte that is resident in the lung connective tissue. PMID:33351116 lung resident megakaryocyte PMID:36524131 lung-resident megakaryocyte PMID:36524131 MKL PMID:36524131 lung MKs PMID:33351116 CL:4033019 An ON bipolar cell type with dendrites selectively contacting S-cones. 2023-04-04T09:48:15Z BB cell The axons of a blue cone bipolar cell terminate close to the ganglion cell layer, where they transfer the S-cone ON signal to small bistratified ganglion cells. Other targets of a blue cone bipolar cell include amacrine cells and possibly large bistratified ganglion cells. ON-blue cone bipolar cell An ON bipolar cell type with dendrites selectively contacting S-cones. PMID:32032773 BB cell PMID:32032773 The axons of a blue cone bipolar cell terminate close to the ganglion cell layer, where they transfer the S-cone ON signal to small bistratified ganglion cells. Other targets of a blue cone bipolar cell include amacrine cells and possibly large bistratified ganglion cells. PMID:32032773 CL:4033020 A mucus secreting cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. 2023-03-16T13:03:13Z tracheal submucosal gland mucous cell mucus secreting cell of trachea gland A mucus secreting cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. PMID:18931053 PMID:29656943 tracheal submucosal gland mucous cell PMID:18931053 CL:4033021 A myoepithelial cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. 2023-03-16T13:36:43Z myoepithelial cell of trachea gland A myoepithelial cell that is part of a submucosal gland of the trachea. PMID:29656943 CL:4033022 A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the bronchus. 2023-03-16T15:12:52Z bronchial gland mucous cell mucus secreting cell of bronchus submucosal gland A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the bronchus. PMID:19965983 bronchial gland mucous cell PMID:5487122 CL:4033023 An epithelial cell that is part of a collecting duct of an airway submucosal gland. 2023-03-16T15:20:28Z airway submucosal gland collecting duct epithelial cell An epithelial cell that is part of a collecting duct of an airway submucosal gland. PMID:25648514 PMID:29656943 CL:4033024 A basal cell that is part of a duct of an airway submucosal gland. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-3994 2023-03-16T15:51:39Z airway submucosal gland duct basal cell A basal cell that is part of a duct of an airway submucosal gland. PMID:29656943 PMID:35046051 CL:4033025 A fibroblast that is part of the fibrous layer of the perichondrium. This cell is responsible for collagen fiber production. 2023-03-16T16:12:50Z perichondrial fibroblast A fibroblast that is part of the fibrous layer of the perichondrium. This cell is responsible for collagen fiber production. wikipedia:Perichondrium CL:4033026 A perichondrial fibroblast that is part of the lung. 2023-03-16T16:15:39Z PC-fibro lung perichondrial fibroblast A perichondrial fibroblast that is part of the lung. PMID:36543915 PC-fibro PMID:36543915 CL:4033027 An OFF diffuse bipolar cell that makes synaptic contact with both L/M and S-cone photoreceptors and only minimal contact with rod photoreceptors. 2023-04-04T10:48:29Z Diffuse Bipolar Cell Type DB1 DB1 bipolar DB1 bipolar cell DB1 cell In primates, a diffuse bipolar 1 cell on average makes 81 ribbon (output) synapses, 13 contacts are with OFF parasol cells and 47 contacts are with OFF midget cells. This cell might make flat contacts at both triad-associated and non-triad-associated positions on the cone pedicle. diffuse bipolar 1 cell An OFF diffuse bipolar cell that makes synaptic contact with both L/M and S-cone photoreceptors and only minimal contact with rod photoreceptors. PMID:22006647 Diffuse Bipolar Cell Type DB1 PMID:22006647 DB1 bipolar PMID:22006647 DB1 bipolar cell PMID:22006647 DB1 cell PMID:32032773 In primates, a diffuse bipolar 1 cell on average makes 81 ribbon (output) synapses, 13 contacts are with OFF parasol cells and 47 contacts are with OFF midget cells. This cell might make flat contacts at both triad-associated and non-triad-associated positions on the cone pedicle. PMID:22006647 PMID:32032773 CL:4033028 An OFF diffuse bipolar cell that predominantly connects to ON parasol cells and lateral amacrine cells. This cell contains a large number of synaptic ribbons and a small axon arbor area. 2023-04-04T10:49:07Z DB2 cell In primates, a diffuse bipolar 2 cell makes an average of 133 ribbon synapses, 47 contacts are with OFF parasol cells and 4 contacts are with OFF midget cells. diffuse bipolar 2 cell An OFF diffuse bipolar cell that predominantly connects to ON parasol cells and lateral amacrine cells. This cell contains a large number of synaptic ribbons and a small axon arbor area. PMID:25309346 PMID:26500507 PMID:27833534 DB2 cell PMID:32032773 In primates, a diffuse bipolar 2 cell makes an average of 133 ribbon synapses, 47 contacts are with OFF parasol cells and 4 contacts are with OFF midget cells. PMID:32032773 CL:4033029 An OFF calbindin-positive bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and stratifies narrowly close to the middle of the inner plexiform layer. Its axon terminal is characterized by regularly branching and varicose processes resembling beads on a string. Most of DB3a contacts with cones are triad-associated. 2023-04-04T10:53:33Z DB3 cell DB3a cell Originally, DB3a cells were termed diffuse bipolar 3 (DB3) cells. When an additional bipolar type which stratifies slightly more vitread and is calbindin negative was detected, this cell was renamed diffuse bipolar 3a cell. The axons of neighboring DB3a cells make homologous gap junctions. The DB3a cells provide the majority of their output to OFF parasol cells. diffuse bipolar 3a cell An OFF calbindin-positive bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and stratifies narrowly close to the middle of the inner plexiform layer. Its axon terminal is characterized by regularly branching and varicose processes resembling beads on a string. Most of DB3a contacts with cones are triad-associated. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 PMID:33009001 DB3 cell DOI:10.3389/fnana.2015.00122 DB3a cell PMID:32032773 Originally, DB3a cells were termed diffuse bipolar 3 (DB3) cells. When an additional bipolar type which stratifies slightly more vitread and is calbindin negative was detected, this cell was renamed diffuse bipolar 3a cell. The axons of neighboring DB3a cells make homologous gap junctions. The DB3a cells provide the majority of their output to OFF parasol cells. DOI:10.3389/fnana.2015.00122 PMID:32032773 CL:4033030 An OFF calbindin-negative bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and stratifies narrowly close to the middle of the inner plexiform layer. Its axon terminal is characterized by regularly branching and varicose processes resembling beads on a string. Most of DB3b contacts with cones are non-triad-associated. 2023-04-04T10:53:42Z DB3b cell In humans, a DB3b cell is CD15 positive. A DB3b cell might make sparse contacts to rod photoreceptors. diffuse bipolar 3b cell An OFF calbindin-negative bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and stratifies narrowly close to the middle of the inner plexiform layer. Its axon terminal is characterized by regularly branching and varicose processes resembling beads on a string. Most of DB3b contacts with cones are non-triad-associated. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 DB3b cell PMID:32032773 In humans, a DB3b cell is CD15 positive. A DB3b cell might make sparse contacts to rod photoreceptors. PMID:24107939 PMID:32032773 PMID:33009001 CL:4033031 An ON diffuse bipolar cell that predominantly connects to ON parasol cells and lateral amacrine cells. 2023-04-04T09:51:10Z DB4 cell diffuse bipolar 4 cell An ON diffuse bipolar cell that predominantly connects to ON parasol cells and lateral amacrine cells. PMID:27833534 PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 DB4 cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033032 An ON diffuse bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and large axon terminals, which show little or no overlap. This cell predominantly connects to narrow thorny ganglion cells. 2023-04-04T09:51:22Z DB6 cell diffuse bipolar 6 cell An ON diffuse bipolar cell that has a large dendritic field and large axon terminals, which show little or no overlap. This cell predominantly connects to narrow thorny ganglion cells. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 DB6 cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033033 An OFF bipolar cell with a small dendritic tree that provides most of the triad-associated basal (flat) contacts at cone pedicles. 2023-04-04T10:54:00Z FMB cell flat midget bipolar cell An OFF bipolar cell with a small dendritic tree that provides most of the triad-associated basal (flat) contacts at cone pedicles. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 FMB cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033034 An ON bipolar cell with a small dendritic tree that forms most of the central (invaginating) elements opposite the synaptic ribbon at the cone triad. 2023-04-04T09:51:44Z IMB cell invaginating midget bipolar cell An ON bipolar cell with a small dendritic tree that forms most of the central (invaginating) elements opposite the synaptic ribbon at the cone triad. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 IMB cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033035 An ON bipolar cell that has large dendritic and axonal fields. 2023-04-04T09:54:15Z GB cell A giant bipolar cell is usually monostratified, although, very rarely, it can be bistratified. giant bipolar cell An ON bipolar cell that has large dendritic and axonal fields. PMID:32032773 PMID:32555229 GB cell PMID:32032773 A giant bipolar cell is usually monostratified, although, very rarely, it can be bistratified. PMID:32032773 CL:4033036 An OFF bipolar cell that is fovea-specific and expresses FEZF1, NXPH1 and NXPH2. 2023-04-04T10:54:15Z OFFx cell An OFF bipolar cell that is fovea-specific and expresses FEZF1, NXPH1 and NXPH2. PMID:30712875 PMID:31995762 PMID:32555229 CL:4033037 A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the tracheobronchial tree. 2023-04-20T10:55:50Z mucus secreting cell of tracheobronchial tree submucosal gland A mucus secreting cell of a submucosal gland of the tracheobronchial tree. PMID:30864819 CL:4033038 An alpha-beta CD4 T cell that resides in the lung. 2023-04-27T10:15:45Z lung resident memory CD4 T cell lung CD4-positive TRM lung resident memory CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell An alpha-beta CD4 T cell that resides in the lung. PMID:24064670 PMID:31265968 lung resident memory CD4 T cell PMID:24064670 lung CD4-positive TRM PMID:31265968 CL:4033039 An alpha-beta CD8 T cell that resides in the lung. 2023-04-27T10:16:07Z lung CD8-positive TRM In the lung, CXCR6 regulates the localization of lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells. lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell An alpha-beta CD8 T cell that resides in the lung. PMID:28418771 PMID:31265968 lung CD8-positive TRM PMID:31265968 In the lung, CXCR6 regulates the localization of lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cells. PMID:31558615 CL:4033040 A lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is CD103-positive. 2023-05-24T12:23:35Z lung TRM CD8-positive, CD103-positive cell lung TRM CD8-positive, integrin alpha E-positive cell lung resident memory CD8-positive CD103-positive, alpha-beta T cell lung resident memory CD8-positive, CD103-positive, alpha-beta T cell A lung resident memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell that is CD103-positive. PMID:27776108 lung TRM CD8-positive, CD103-positive cell PMID:27776108 lung TRM CD8-positive, integrin alpha E-positive cell PMID:27776108 lung resident memory CD8-positive CD103-positive, alpha-beta T cell PMID:27776108 CL:4033041 An alveolar macrophage that expresses CCL3. 2023-06-15T12:53:08Z alveolar macrophage CCL3-positive CCL3-positive alveolar macrophage An alveolar macrophage that expresses CCL3. PMID:37291214 alveolar macrophage CCL3-positive PMID:37291214 CL:4033042 An alveolar macrophage that expresses metallothionein. 2023-06-15T12:55:34Z alveolar macrophage MT-positive alveolar macrophage metallothionein-positive metallothionein-positive alveolar macrophage An alveolar macrophage that expresses metallothionein. PMID:37291214 alveolar macrophage MT-positive PMID:37291214 alveolar macrophage metallothionein-positive PMID:37291214 CL:4033043 A macrophage that is part of the lung connective tissue (pulmonary interstitium). This cell performs tissue remodeling and contributes to barrier immunity through antigen presentation. 2023-06-15T12:58:11Z lung IM lung interstitial macrophage A macrophage that is part of the lung connective tissue (pulmonary interstitium). This cell performs tissue remodeling and contributes to barrier immunity through antigen presentation. PMID:33382972 PMID:35017701 PMID:36211428 lung IM PMID:36211428 CL:4033044 An epithelial cell part of respiratory tract epithelium that is a precursor of a multi-ciliated cell. This cell actively amplifies centrioles, a required step for multiciliogenesis. 2023-06-20T10:27:17Z In humans, deuterosomal cells have been noted to have enriched expression of the following: PLK4, FOXJ1, DEUP1, FOXN4, YPEL1, HES6 and CDC20B. Deuterosomal cells were termed after deuterosomes, the platforms of active centriole amplification. deuterosomal cell An epithelial cell part of respiratory tract epithelium that is a precursor of a multi-ciliated cell. This cell actively amplifies centrioles, a required step for multiciliogenesis. PMID:31558434 PMID:331922198 PMID:36883528 PMID:37291214 In humans, deuterosomal cells have been noted to have enriched expression of the following: PLK4, FOXJ1, DEUP1, FOXN4, YPEL1, HES6 and CDC20B. Deuterosomal cells were termed after deuterosomes, the platforms of active centriole amplification. PMID:31558434 PMID:331922198 PMID:36883528 CL:4033045 A dendritic cell that captures antigens in a lung and migrates to a lymph node or to the spleen to activate T cells. 2023-06-21T10:04:46Z lung mDC lung mDCs lung migratory dendritic cell A dendritic cell that captures antigens in a lung and migrates to a lymph node or to the spleen to activate T cells. PMID:34516781 lung mDC PMID:34516781 lung mDCs PMID:34516781 CL:4033046 A midget ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to increased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from invaginating midget bipolar cells. 2023-08-08T09:40:08Z ON-midget RGC ON-midget cell inner stratifying midget cell ON midget ganglion cell A midget ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to increased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from invaginating midget bipolar cells. PMID:32032773 ON-midget RGC PMID:34093409 ON-midget cell PMID:34093409 inner stratifying midget cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033047 A midget ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to decreased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from flat midget bipolar cells. 2023-08-08T11:05:37Z OFF-midget RGC OFF-midget cell outer stratifying midget cell OFF midget ganglion cell A midget ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to decreased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from flat midget bipolar cells. PMID:32032773 OFF-midget RGC PMID:34093409 OFF-midget cell PMID:34093409 outer stratifying midget cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033048 A respiratory epithelial cell with topographic nuclear position in between the basal and luminal cell of the airway epithelium. This non-basal, intermediate cell has limited proliferative capacity, ultrastructural features of basal cells and no defined features of the typically differentiated cellular phenotypes. 2023-06-20T10:44:30Z respiratory parabasal cell respiratory suprabasal progenitor cell In humans, respiratory suprabasal cells have been noted to have enriched expression of the following: CK8, KRT13, IVL, and SERPINB3. respiratory suprabasal cell A respiratory epithelial cell with topographic nuclear position in between the basal and luminal cell of the airway epithelium. This non-basal, intermediate cell has limited proliferative capacity, ultrastructural features of basal cells and no defined features of the typically differentiated cellular phenotypes. PMID:25564622 respiratory parabasal cell PMID:25564622 respiratory suprabasal progenitor cell PMID:25658372 In humans, respiratory suprabasal cells have been noted to have enriched expression of the following: CK8, KRT13, IVL, and SERPINB3. PMID:25658372 doi:10.1101/2023.04.20.537495 CL:4033049 A taste receptor cell that is part of a taste bud of a tongue. 2023-05-03T07:59:58Z gustatory cell of tongue taste receptor cell of tongue A taste receptor cell that is part of a taste bud of a tongue. DOI:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1981.tb01137.x PMID:10052456 PMID:28655883 http://www.nejohnston.org/Birds/documents/AvianTongues_Johnston.pdf gustatory cell of tongue DOI:10.1016/s0022-5320(69)80043-2 CL:4033050 A neuron that releases catecholamine as a neurotransmitter. 2023-05-18T12:07:45Z Frequently used when describing the developing nervous system in zebrafish. A catecholaminergic neuron expresses tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tyrosine hydroxylase 2 (TH2), aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), dopamine b-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (PEMT), which are enzymes necessary for catecholamine synthesis. catecholaminergic neuron A neuron that releases catecholamine as a neurotransmitter. ISBN:0521442516 PMID:12094209 Frequently used when describing the developing nervous system in zebrafish. A catecholaminergic neuron expresses tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), tyrosine hydroxylase 2 (TH2), aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), dopamine b-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine-N-methyl transferase (PEMT), which are enzymes necessary for catecholamine synthesis. PMID:10191060 PMID:12128258 PMID:34880760 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2244-7917 CL:4033051 A parasol ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to decreased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from DB3a bipolar cells. 2023-08-08T12:34:57Z OFF-parasol RGC OFF-parasol retinal ganglion cell outer parasol cell OFF parasol ganglion cell A parasol ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to decreased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from DB3a bipolar cells. PMID:32032773 OFF-parasol RGC PMID:34093409 OFF-parasol retinal ganglion cell PMID:34093409 outer parasol cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033052 A parasol ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to increased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from DB4 bipolar cells. 2023-08-08T12:39:35Z ON-parasol RGC ON-parasol retinal ganglion cell inner parasol cell ON parasol ganglion cell A parasol ganglion cell that depolarizes in response to increased light intensity in the center of its receptive field. The majority of input that this cell receives comes from DB4 bipolar cells. PMID:32032773 ON-parasol RGC PMID:34093409 ON-parasol retinal ganglion cell PMID:34093409 inner parasol cell PMID:32032773 CL:4033053 A bistratfied retinal ganglion cell with a small dendritic field that has dendrites in the ON and OFF sublamina of the retinal inner plexiform layer and carries blue-ON/yellow-OFF signals. This cell receives bipolar and amacrine input to both the OFF and ON dendritic tree. 2023-08-08T12:43:56Z small bistratified cell small bistratified cell, blue-ON/yellow-OFF ganglion cell Polyak's shrub cell SBS ganglion cell sbRGC small bistratified retinal ganglion cell A bistratfied retinal ganglion cell with a small dendritic field that has dendrites in the ON and OFF sublamina of the retinal inner plexiform layer and carries blue-ON/yellow-OFF signals. This cell receives bipolar and amacrine input to both the OFF and ON dendritic tree. PMID:32032773 small bistratified cell PMID:32032773 small bistratified cell, blue-ON/yellow-OFF ganglion cell doi:10.1002/cne.22183 Polyak's shrub cell PMID:32032773 SBS ganglion cell PMID:32032773 sbRGC PMID:34093409 CL:4033054 A cell that is adjacent to a vessel. A perivascular cell plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular function and tissue homeostasis. This cell type regulates vessel integrity and flow dynamics. 2023-08-22T13:40:28Z perivascular cell A cell that is adjacent to a vessel. A perivascular cell plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular function and tissue homeostasis. This cell type regulates vessel integrity and flow dynamics. PMID:24928499 PMID:27889329 CL:4033055 A ciliated cell that is part of a ciliated duct of an airway submucosal gland. 2023-09-08T10:32:27Z airway submucosal gland duct ciliated cell A ciliated cell that is part of a ciliated duct of an airway submucosal gland. PMID:17707699 PMID:30864819 CL:4033056 A differentiated flat keratinocyte that is part of a nail plate. An onychocyte is firmly adherent and does not desquamate. 2023-10-03T12:49:46Z onychocyte A differentiated flat keratinocyte that is part of a nail plate. An onychocyte is firmly adherent and does not desquamate. PMID:24079581 CL:4033057 A luminal epithelial cell of the mammary gland that can proliferate and has the potential to differentiate into a lactocyte during pregnancy. In humans, a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell can be identified by high levels of the markers EpCAM and CD49f, and in mice it can be identified by low levels of CD29 and high levels of CD14, Kit, CD61, and Tspan8. 2023-10-13T13:02:55Z alveolar cell alveolar progenitor luminal progenitor luminal progenitor cell luminal secretory cell ER-negative luminal alveolar progenitor AP AV LASP LP LumSec luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell of mammary gland A luminal epithelial cell of the mammary gland that can proliferate and has the potential to differentiate into a lactocyte during pregnancy. In humans, a luminal adaptive secretory precursor cell can be identified by high levels of the markers EpCAM and CD49f, and in mice it can be identified by low levels of CD29 and high levels of CD14, Kit, CD61, and Tspan8. PMID:19648928 PMID:35617956 https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37368328 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-8489 alveolar cell PMID:35617956 alveolar progenitor PMID:26390871 luminal progenitor doi:10.1101/2023.04.21.537845 luminal progenitor cell PMID:20346151 luminal secretory cell PMID:37380767 ER-negative luminal alveolar progenitor https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37368328 AP https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37368328 AV PMID:35617956 LASP https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-8489 LP doi:10.1101/2023.04.21.537845 LumSec PMID:37380767 CL:4033058 A luminal epithelial cell of the mammary gland that transduces endocrine cues to orchestrate proliferation, architectural remodeling, and differentiation of other cells in the mammary gland via paracrine signaling. This cell expresses high levels of estrogen receptors. In humans, a luminal hormone-sensing cell can be identified by high levels of EpCAM and low levels of CD49f, and in mice it can be identified by low levels of CD29 and high levels of Foxa1, CD133, and Sca1 (Ly6a). 2023-10-16T08:30:25Z hormone sensing cell hormone-sensing mammary epithelial cell luminal hormone-responsive cell luminal mature cell ER-positive luminal hormone-sensor cell HS HS-MEC LHS LumHR Following lineage specification, a luminal hormone-sensing cell expresses receptors for one or more hormones, such as estrogens, progesterone, androgens, and prolactin. In response to progesterone, luminal hormone-sensing cells express TNFSF11, WNT4, and RSPO1, among other factors, which cause branching, proliferation, and partial differentiation in LASP and B-Myo cells during luteal phases of the estrous/menstrual cycle and during gestation. During ductal elongation, ER activity drives expression of AREG in LHS cells, which is necessary for proliferation of the epithelium to fill the mammary fat pad. luminal hormone-sensing cell of mammary gland A luminal epithelial cell of the mammary gland that transduces endocrine cues to orchestrate proliferation, architectural remodeling, and differentiation of other cells in the mammary gland via paracrine signaling. This cell expresses high levels of estrogen receptors. In humans, a luminal hormone-sensing cell can be identified by high levels of EpCAM and low levels of CD49f, and in mice it can be identified by low levels of CD29 and high levels of Foxa1, CD133, and Sca1 (Ly6a). PMID:19648928 PMID:26390871 PMID:34156490 https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37368328 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-8489 hormone sensing cell doi:10.1101/2023.04.21.537845 hormone-sensing mammary epithelial cell PMID:26390871 luminal hormone-responsive cell PMID:37380767 luminal mature cell PMID:20346151 ER-positive luminal hormone-sensor cell https://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HUL.INSTREPOS:37368328 HS doi:10.1101/2023.04.21.537845 HS-MEC PMID:26390871 LHS https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-8489 LumHR PMID:37380767 Following lineage specification, a luminal hormone-sensing cell expresses receptors for one or more hormones, such as estrogens, progesterone, androgens, and prolactin. In response to progesterone, luminal hormone-sensing cells express TNFSF11, WNT4, and RSPO1, among other factors, which cause branching, proliferation, and partial differentiation in LASP and B-Myo cells during luteal phases of the estrous/menstrual cycle and during gestation. During ductal elongation, ER activity drives expression of AREG in LHS cells, which is necessary for proliferation of the epithelium to fill the mammary fat pad. PMID:26390871 PMID:34156490 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-670X CL:4033059 A lactocyte that highly expresses genes associated with transcription, immune cell function, and cellular stress. A lactocyte type 1 also expresses genes involved in milk component biosynthesis (e.g., LALBA and CSNs), albeit at lower levels than a lactocyte type 2. 2023-10-16T13:15:36Z luminal cluster 1 cell LC1 LMC major luminal cluster 1 progenitor MEC lactocyte type 1 A lactocyte that highly expresses genes associated with transcription, immune cell function, and cellular stress. A lactocyte type 1 also expresses genes involved in milk component biosynthesis (e.g., LALBA and CSNs), albeit at lower levels than a lactocyte type 2. PMID:35091553 PMID:35377806 luminal cluster 1 cell PMID:34097179 LC1 PMID:35091553 LMC major luminal cluster 1 PMID:35091553 progenitor MEC PMID:35091553 CL:4033060 A lactocyte that highly expresses genes associated with lipid production and milk component biosynthesis. 2023-10-16T13:15:55Z luminal cluster 2 cell LC2 LMC major luminal cluster 2 lactocyte type 2 A lactocyte that highly expresses genes associated with lipid production and milk component biosynthesis. PMID:35091553 PMID:35377806 luminal cluster 2 cell PMID:35377806 LC2 PMID:35091553 LMC major luminal cluster 2 PMID:35091553 CL:4033061 An endothelial cell that is part of a central vein of liver. endothelial cell of central vein endothelial cell of central vein of liver An endothelial cell that is part of a central vein of liver. PMID:28287163 endothelial cell of central vein PMID:28287163 CL:4033062 A trophoblast cell that invades the uterine wall to anchor the placenta to the uterus. An interstitial extravillous trophoblast cell differentiates from an extravillous trophoblast cell, becoming hyperchromatic and changing its morphology to a fibroblast-like spindle-shaped cell. In humans, this cell can be distinguished by the expression of placental-specific protein 8, which stimulates migration. 2024-01-08T15:43:15Z invasive interstitial extravillous trophoblast cell iEVT interstitial extravillous trophoblast interstitial trophoblast interstitial extravillous trophoblast cell A trophoblast cell that invades the uterine wall to anchor the placenta to the uterus. An interstitial extravillous trophoblast cell differentiates from an extravillous trophoblast cell, becoming hyperchromatic and changing its morphology to a fibroblast-like spindle-shaped cell. In humans, this cell can be distinguished by the expression of placental-specific protein 8, which stimulates migration. PMID:37630754 doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84725-8 invasive interstitial extravillous trophoblast cell doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84725-8 iEVT PMID:37630754 interstitial extravillous trophoblast PMID:37630754 interstitial trophoblast PMID:11337369 CL:4033063 A trophoblast cell that invades the maternal spiral arteries and replace the endothelial lining, remodeling the vessels and allowing for adequate blood transport into the placenta. An endovascular extravillous trophoblast cell differentiates from an extravillous trophoblast cell. In humans, this cell can be distinguished by the expression of CD56. 2024-01-08T15:43:32Z eEVT endovascular extravillous trophoblast endovascular trophoblast Shortly after implantation, the endovascular extravillous trophoblast cells occlude the maternal spiral arteries, preventing premature oxygen delivery to the placental villi and reducing fetal oxidative stress. endovascular extravillous trophoblast cell A trophoblast cell that invades the maternal spiral arteries and replace the endothelial lining, remodeling the vessels and allowing for adequate blood transport into the placenta. An endovascular extravillous trophoblast cell differentiates from an extravillous trophoblast cell. In humans, this cell can be distinguished by the expression of CD56. PMID:37630754 doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84725-8 eEVT PMID:37630754 endovascular extravillous trophoblast PMID:37630754 endovascular trophoblast PMID:11337369 Shortly after implantation, the endovascular extravillous trophoblast cells occlude the maternal spiral arteries, preventing premature oxygen delivery to the placental villi and reducing fetal oxidative stress. PMID:37630754 CL:4033064 A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of the uterus. 2024-01-08T16:05:09Z uterine macrophage Uterine macrophages are reported to be evenly distributed throughout the endometrial stroma but with aggregations observed close to the lumen of superficial secretory glands. uterine resident macrophage A tissue-resident macrophage that is part of the uterus. PMID:36113384 uterine macrophage PMID:36113384 Uterine macrophages are reported to be evenly distributed throughout the endometrial stroma but with aggregations observed close to the lumen of superficial secretory glands. PMID:36113384 CL:4040000 A glial precursor cell that generates oligodendrocytes and type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. It has been shown in some mammals that this cell type may express A2B5, nestin, FGFR-1, FGFR-2, FGFR-3, PLP, and DM-20 antigens. Unlike oligodendrocyte precursor cell, it does not initially express PDGFR-alpha and can differentiate into both type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. 2023-04-03T14:54:32Z glial restricted precursor tripotential glial-restricted precursor cell GRP cell glial restricted tripotential precursor cell A glial precursor cell that generates oligodendrocytes and type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. It has been shown in some mammals that this cell type may express A2B5, nestin, FGFR-1, FGFR-2, FGFR-3, PLP, and DM-20 antigens. Unlike oligodendrocyte precursor cell, it does not initially express PDGFR-alpha and can differentiate into both type-1 and type-2 astrocytes. PMID:10719353 glial restricted precursor PMID:10719353 tripotential glial-restricted precursor cell PMID:11921204 GRP cell PMID:11756508 CL:4040001 A horse-specific, highly invasive trophoblast cell that invades the endometrium where it forms endometrial cups. 2023-04-03T15:08:05Z equine chorionic girdle cell Humans, mice and rats have a highly invasive (hemochorial) placentation. Horses have a non-invasive epitheliochorial placenta, except for the transient endometrial cup. chorionic girdle cell A horse-specific, highly invasive trophoblast cell that invades the endometrium where it forms endometrial cups. PMID:27280409 PMID:35328607 equine chorionic girdle cell PMID:35328607 Humans, mice and rats have a highly invasive (hemochorial) placentation. Horses have a non-invasive epitheliochorial placenta, except for the transient endometrial cup. PMID:27280409 CL:4040002 Glial cell that provides support to the enteric nervous system. It is involved in enteric neurotransmission, in maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier of the gut and serves as a link between the nervous and immune systems of the gut. In enteric nerve strands, glial processes ensheath multiaxonal bundles which distinguishes enteric glia from all other peripheral glia. Ultrastructurally, the most conspicuous trait of an enteroglial cell is the presence of 10 nm filaments, which criss-cross the cell body, form axial bundles in the processes and appear to firmly anchor the cells to the ganglionic surfaces. Similar to astrocytes, their main constituent is glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). 2023-04-03T15:15:40Z enteric glial cell enteric glia enteroglial cell Glial cell that provides support to the enteric nervous system. It is involved in enteric neurotransmission, in maintaining the integrity of the mucosal barrier of the gut and serves as a link between the nervous and immune systems of the gut. In enteric nerve strands, glial processes ensheath multiaxonal bundles which distinguishes enteric glia from all other peripheral glia. Ultrastructurally, the most conspicuous trait of an enteroglial cell is the presence of 10 nm filaments, which criss-cross the cell body, form axial bundles in the processes and appear to firmly anchor the cells to the ganglionic surfaces. Similar to astrocytes, their main constituent is glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). PMID:16336493 PMID:17483847 PMID:25975510 enteric glial cell PMID:11169131 PMID:25170211 enteric glia PMID:11169131 CL:4040003 Precursor of type II pneumocyte. These cells do not have lamellar bodies, which are a marker of type II pneumocyte maturity. 2023-06-02T09:19:31Z fetal alveolar pre-type II epithelial cell fetal pre-type 2 pneumocyte fetal pre-type II alveolar epithelial cell According to PMID:1316350 this cell type does not yet produce surfactant. According to PMID:9109447 and PMID:12114192 this cell type produces low levels of surfactant that can be increased by administration of very low-density lipoproteins. This cell type is of medical relevance, as a central feature of the fetal respiratory distress syndrome seems to be the presence in the lung of abundant pre-type II alveolar epithelial cells (PMID:1316350). fetal pre-type II pneumocyte Precursor of type II pneumocyte. These cells do not have lamellar bodies, which are a marker of type II pneumocyte maturity. PMID:1316350 fetal alveolar pre-type II epithelial cell PMID:9624168 fetal pre-type 2 pneumocyte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-0473 fetal pre-type II alveolar epithelial cell PMID:12114192 CL:4040004 Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an orbital region. 2023-09-18T10:43:00Z OAMSC Orbital ASCs orbital adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell mesenchymal stem cell of orbital adipose tissue Any mesenchymal stem cell of adipose tissue that is part of an orbital region. OAMSC PMID:31377878 Orbital ASCs PMID:30210548 orbital adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell PMID:31377878 CL:4040005 A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of the apical papilla tooth root. 2023-11-02T09:44:47Z stem cells from the apical papilla SCAP SCAPs The mesenchymal stem cells of the apical papilla have high capacity for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. mesenchymal stem cell of apical papilla A mesenchymal stem cell that is part of the apical papilla tooth root. PMID:30834270 PMID:34026757 stem cells from the apical papilla PMID:30834270 SCAP PMID:37887345 SCAPs PMID:30834270 The mesenchymal stem cells of the apical papilla have high capacity for osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation. PMID:34026757 A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000000 Clinical Measurement clinical measurement A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. CMO:0000000 A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter pertaining to the heart and/or blood vessels. EFO:0004298 EFO:0006919 cardiovascular measurement cardiovascular event measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000001 cardiovascular measurement CMO:0000001 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter pertaining to the heart and/or blood vessels. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time. EFO:0004326 EFO:0004351 heart rate resting heart rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000002 heart rate CMO:0000002 The number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. EFO:0004325 blood pressure clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000003 blood pressure measurement CMO:0000003 Measurement of the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 The maximum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, i.e. at the point at which the heart is in its maximal state of contraction. This is the time when the blood is forced from the ventricles of the heart into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. EFO:0006335 systolic blood pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000004 systolic blood pressure CMO:0000004 The maximum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, i.e. at the point at which the heart is in its maximal state of contraction. This is the time when the blood is forced from the ventricles of the heart into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. EFO:0006336 diastolic blood pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000005 diastolic blood pressure CMO:0000005 The minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 The minimum pressure in the heart left ventricle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. LVDP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000006 left ventricular diastolic blood pressure CMO:0000006 The minimum pressure in the heart left ventricle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Measurement of the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta. LVP LVPmax peak left ventricular pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000007 left ventricular systolic blood pressure CMO:0000007 Measurement of the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A blood pressure measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000008 calculated blood pressure CMO:0000008 A blood pressure measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time. It is often calculated using the formula of one third systolic pressure plus two thirds diastolic pressure, or alternatively, using the formula diastolic pressure plus 1/3 of the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure (i.e. 1/3 pulse pressure). EFO:0006340 mean arterial pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000009 mean arterial blood pressure CMO:0000009 The average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time. It is often calculated using the formula of one third systolic pressure plus two thirds diastolic pressure, or alternatively, using the formula diastolic pressure plus 1/3 of the difference between systolic pressure and diastolic pressure (i.e. 1/3 pulse pressure). Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 A calculated value for the difference between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure at a given point in time when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000010 developed blood pressure CMO:0000010 A calculated value for the difference between the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure at a given point in time when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Morphological measurement involving the entire body of an organism. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000011 whole body morphological measurement CMO:0000011 Morphological measurement involving the entire body of an organism. RGD:MS A measurement of the longest dimension of a body, typically between two distinct ends of the body. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000013 body length CMO:0000013 A measurement of the longest dimension of a body, typically between two distinct ends of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total distance around the body at the region of the body lateral to and including the hip joint or coxa. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T04:12:19Z hip geometry EFO:0004685 EFO:0005093 EFO:0008039 hip circumference BMI-adjusted hip circumference clinical_measurement_ontology hip girth CMO:0000014 hip circumference CMO:0000014 Total distance around the body at the region of the body lateral to and including the hip joint or coxa. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The level of heat in an organism. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000015 body temperature CMO:0000015 The level of heat in an organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000016 This is the term which was just "heart measurement". Since it was under body morphological measurement it seemed to clearly refer to a morphological measurement. I made this term more specific so that another term for "heart measurement" could be added to the ontology above it which would also be a parent to other non-morphological heart-related terms. JRS 2-15-2012. heart morphological measurement CMO:0000016 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The heaviness of the heart (the central cardiac muscle which maintains the circulation of the blood) or the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000017 heart weight CMO:0000017 The heaviness of the heart (the central cardiac muscle which maintains the circulation of the blood) or the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement of the difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure in the heart left ventricle at a given point in time in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000018 left ventricular developed pressure CMO:0000018 A calculated measurement of the difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure in the heart left ventricle at a given point in time in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Distance around the upper portion of the hind limb closest to the body, typically taken at the area of maximum girth. mshimoyama 2010-06-18T09:49:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology thigh girth CMO:0000019 proximal hind limb circumference CMO:0000019 Distance around the upper portion of the hind limb closest to the body, typically taken at the area of maximum girth. RGD:MS The circumference of the body at the level of the navel divided by the circumference at the widest point around the buttocks, often used to assess distribution of sub-cutaneous and intra-abdominal adipose tissue. mshimoyama 2010-06-18T10:40:52Z EFO:0004343 waist-hip ratio clinical_measurement_ontology waist/hip ratio CMO:0000020 waist to hip ratio (WHR) CMO:0000020 The circumference of the body at the level of the navel divided by the circumference at the widest point around the buttocks, often used to assess distribution of sub-cutaneous and intra-abdominal adipose tissue. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waist-hip_ratio Measurement of the structure or forms of the entire body or parts of the body of an organism. EFO:0004302 EFO:0004324 body weights and measures clinical_measurement_ontology anthropometric measurement morphometry CMO:0000021 body morphological measurement CMO:0000021 Measurement of the structure or forms of the entire body or parts of the body of an organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000022 calculated body morphological measurement CMO:0000022 A quantification of a parameter of the chemical composition of blood. clinical_measurement_ontology blood molecular composition measurement CMO:0000023 blood chemistry measurement CMO:0000023 A quantification of a parameter of the chemical composition of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of leukocytes present in a sample of blood for which a total white blood cell count was taken, usually 1 cubic mm of peripheral venous blood. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:32:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated blood differential WBC count calculated blood differential leukocyte count CMO:0000024 calculated differential white blood cell count CMO:0000024 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of leukocytes present in a sample of blood for which a total white blood cell count was taken, usually 1 cubic mm of peripheral venous blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of red blood cells in a specified volume of blood most commonly 1 cubic millimeter (i.e. 1 microliter) of peripheral venous blood. EFO:0004305 erythrocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000025 red blood cell count CMO:0000025 The number of red blood cells in a specified volume of blood most commonly 1 cubic millimeter (i.e. 1 microliter) of peripheral venous blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of hemoglobin, the red oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, in a specified volume of blood. CMO:0000506 hemoglobin concentration clinical_measurement_ontology hemoglobin absorbance CMO:0000026 blood hemoglobin level CMO:0000026 The amount of hemoglobin, the red oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, in a specified volume of blood. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 The number of white blood cells in a specified volume of blood. EFO:0004308 EFO:0007988 myeloid white cell count clinical_measurement_ontology leukocyte count white corpuscle count CMO:0000027 white blood cell count CMO:0000027 The number of white blood cells in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in blood. lipid or lipoprotein measurement EFO:0004536 EFO:0005105 EFO:0007937 blood protein measurement total blood protein measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000028 blood protein measurement CMO:0000028 Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of platelets (thrombocytes) in a specified volume of blood, usually expressed as platelets per cubic millimeter of whole blood. EFO:0004309 platelet count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000029 platelet count CMO:0000029 The number of platelets (thrombocytes) in a specified volume of blood, usually expressed as platelets per cubic millimeter of whole blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes categorized as neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A neutrophil is, or is in the process of becoming, a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. polymorphonuclear cell count EFO:0004833 neutrophil count neutrophil granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000030 blood neutrophil count CMO:0000030 The number of granulocytes categorized as neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A neutrophil is, or is in the process of becoming, a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. EFO:0004587 lymphocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000031 blood lymphocyte count CMO:0000031 The number of lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of monocytes in a specified volume of blood. EFO:0005091 monocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000032 blood monocyte count CMO:0000032 The number of monocytes in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes categorized as eosinophils in a specified sample of blood. An eosinophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with two lobes connected by a thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules of uniform size that stain readily with eosin and other acid dyes. EFO:0004842 eosinophil count eosinophil granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000033 blood eosinophil count CMO:0000033 The number of granulocytes categorized as eosinophils in a specified sample of blood. An eosinophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with two lobes connected by a thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules of uniform size that stain readily with eosin and other acid dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes categorized as basophils in a specified sample of blood. A basophil is a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, relatively pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm containing coarse granules of variable size that stain bluish-black when exposed to basic dyes. EFO:0005090 basophil count basophil granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000034 blood basophil count CMO:0000034 The number of granulocytes categorized as basophils in a specified sample of blood. A basophil is a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, relatively pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm containing coarse granules of variable size that stain bluish-black when exposed to basic dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A measurement of the blood, it's contents, cells or other factors contained within the blood. EFO:0004503 hematological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000035 blood measurement CMO:0000035 A measurement of the blood, it's contents, cells or other factors contained within the blood. RGD:MS Value resulting from the quantification of the cellular elements of the blood, including morphological parameters of blood cells, i.e. cells native to the circulation, including those of erythroid, lymphoid, myeloid and monocytic lineages. The CBC/differential indicates the differential counts of white blood cells, counts of red blood cells and platelets, the concentration of hemoglobin, and the hematocrit. CBC blood test CBC, differential CMO:0000364 Not4curation clinical_measurement_ontology CBC CMO:0000036 complete blood count and differential CMO:0000036 Value resulting from the quantification of the cellular elements of the blood, including morphological parameters of blood cells, i.e. cells native to the circulation, including those of erythroid, lymphoid, myeloid and monocytic lineages. The CBC/differential indicates the differential counts of white blood cells, counts of red blood cells and platelets, the concentration of hemoglobin, and the hematocrit. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_blood_count Percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells. EFO:0004348 hematocrit clinical_measurement_ontology Hct packed cell volume packed red blood cell volume CMO:0000037 hematocrit CMO:0000037 Percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A measure of the average volume or size of a single red blood cell. It is derived by dividing the total volume of packed red blood cells by the total red blood cell count. EFO:0004526 EFO:0010701 mean corpuscular volume mean reticulocyte volume clinical_measurement_ontology MCV CMO:0000038 mean corpuscular volume CMO:0000038 A measure of the average volume or size of a single red blood cell. It is derived by dividing the total volume of packed red blood cells by the total red blood cell count. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The level of steroids found in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:46:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000039 blood steroid level CMO:0000039 The level of steroids found in a specific volume of blood. RGD:MS The amount of glucocorticoids, steroids produced by the adrenal cortex that regulate carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, found in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:47:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000040 blood glucocorticoid level CMO:0000040 The amount of glucocorticoids, steroids produced by the adrenal cortex that regulate carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, found in a specific volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS The red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measurement derived from the red blood cell distribution curves generated on automated hematology analyzers and is an indicator of variation in RBC size within a blood sample. The RDW is used along with the indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) to describe a population of RBCs. The RDW measures the deviation of the RBC width, not the actual width or size of individual cells. The RDW-CV is a calculation based on both the width of the distribution curve and the mean cell size. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the mean cell size by the MCV of the red cells and multiplying by 100 to convert to a percentage. Red cell distribution width red blood cell distribution width EFO:0005192 EFO:0009188 RDW-CV clinical_measurement_ontology RDW CMO:0000041 red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation CMO:0000041 The red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measurement derived from the red blood cell distribution curves generated on automated hematology analyzers and is an indicator of variation in RBC size within a blood sample. The RDW is used along with the indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) to describe a population of RBCs. The RDW measures the deviation of the RBC width, not the actual width or size of individual cells. The RDW-CV is a calculation based on both the width of the distribution curve and the mean cell size. It is calculated by dividing the standard deviation of the mean cell size by the MCV of the red cells and multiplying by 100 to convert to a percentage. http://en.wikipedia.org https://www.labce.com/spg579122_red_blood_cell_distribution_width_rdw_definition_a.aspx Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000042 plasma glucose level CMO:0000042 Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of plasma. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Plasma AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. plasma aspartate transaminase activity level plasma glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma AST activity level plasma GOT activity level CMO:0000043 plasma aspartate aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000043 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of plasma. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Plasma AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. VT:0000203 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate_transaminase The amount of ezymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of plasma. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Plasma ALT activity level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. plasma alanine transaminase activity level plasma glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma ALT activity level plasma GPT activity level CMO:0000044 plasma alanine aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000044 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of plasma. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Plasma ALT activity level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. RGD:737472 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000045 plasma alkaline phosphatase activity level CMO:0000045 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:41:54Z glucose measurement EFO:0004465 EFO:0004468 fasting blood glucose measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000046 blood glucose level CMO:0000046 Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The amount of indirect or unconjugated bilirubin in a specified sample of blood plasma. Indirect bilirubin is the lipid-soluble form of bilirubin that circulates in loose association with the plasma proteins. It can be calculated by subtracting direct bilirubin level from the total bilirubin level. clinical_measurement_ontology plasma unconjugated bilirubin level CMO:0000047 plasma indirect bilirubin level CMO:0000047 The amount of indirect or unconjugated bilirubin in a specified sample of blood plasma. Indirect bilirubin is the lipid-soluble form of bilirubin that circulates in loose association with the plasma proteins. It can be calculated by subtracting direct bilirubin level from the total bilirubin level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The level of direct bilirubin in a specified sample of blood plasma. Direct bilirubin is produced when the unconjugated form is carried to the liver where it is conjugated to form the water-soluble bilirubin diglucuronide. clinical_measurement_ontology plasma conjugated bilirubin level CMO:0000048 plasma direct bilirubin level CMO:0000048 The level of direct bilirubin in a specified sample of blood plasma. Direct bilirubin is produced when the unconjugated form is carried to the liver where it is conjugated to form the water-soluble bilirubin diglucuronide. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The level of urea in the blood in terms of nitrogen content; converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. EFO:0004741 blood urea nitrogen measurement clinical_measurement_ontology BUN level CMO:0000049 blood urea nitrogen level CMO:0000049 The level of urea in the blood in terms of nitrogen content; converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a blood-derived lipid, any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds found in blood that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. lipid or lipoprotein measurement EFO:0004529 EFO:0005105 EFO:0006811 EFO:0008350 lipid measurement alpha-linoleic acid measurement linolenic acid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000050 blood lipid measurement CMO:0000050 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a blood-derived lipid, any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds found in blood that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. EFO:0004574 EFO:0007806 total cholesterol measurement total cholesterol change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood TC level CMO:0000051 blood total cholesterol level CMO:0000051 Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. EFO:0004612 EFO:0007805 EFO:0022157 blood HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement HDL cholesterol change measurement free cholesterol in large HDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood HDL level CMO:0000052 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000052 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. EFO:0004611 EFO:0007804 low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement LDL cholesterol change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood LDL level blood LDL-C level CMO:0000053 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000053 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the total amount of all proteins, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000054 plasma total protein level CMO:0000054 Measurement of the total amount of all proteins, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measure related to globulin, a protein insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution, extensively found in plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000055 plasma globulin level true CMO:0000055 A measure related to globulin, a protein insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution, extensively found in plasma. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000056 plasma albumin level CMO:0000056 The amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of creatinine, a catabolic product of creatine phosphate used in skeletal muscle contraction, found in a specified volume of serum. CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000057 serum creatinine level CMO:0000057 The amount of creatinine, a catabolic product of creatine phosphate used in skeletal muscle contraction, found in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology plasma inorganic phosphate level plasma inorganic phosphorus level plasma phosphorous level CMO:0000058 plasma phosphate level CMO:0000058 The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of chloride ions found in a specific volume of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000059 plasma chloride level CMO:0000059 The amount of chloride ions found in a specific volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of sodium ions found in a specific volume of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000060 plasma sodium level CMO:0000060 The amount of sodium ions found in a specific volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of potassium ions found in a specific volume of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000061 plasma potassium level CMO:0000061 The amount of potassium ions found in a specific volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of carbonic acid dissolved in carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ion found in a specific volume of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000062 plasma bicarbonate level CMO:0000062 The amount of carbonic acid dissolved in carbon dioxide and bicarbonate ion found in a specific volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A quantification of one or more mineral salts found in the blood in the form of electrically charged ions. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000063 blood electrolyte measurement CMO:0000063 A quantification of one or more mineral salts found in the blood in the form of electrically charged ions. ISBN:978-0071623803 Keogh:Nursing_Laboratory_and_Diagnostic_Tests_Demystified Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by an enzyme in a specified sample of blood. An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction(s). clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000064 blood enzyme activity level CMO:0000064 Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by an enzyme in a specified sample of blood. An enzyme is a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction(s). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of calcium found in a specific volume of plasma. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000065 plasma calcium level CMO:0000065 The amount of calcium found in a specific volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The plasma anion gap is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in plasma, i.e. blood from which cells and cellular components have been removed. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000066 plasma anion gap CMO:0000066 The plasma anion gap is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in plasma, i.e. blood from which cells and cellular components have been removed. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed This is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in blood. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000067 anion gap CMO:0000067 This is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in blood. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. ISBN:978-0323057479 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/anion-gap-blood-test/ A measurement of the physical form and structure of an organ. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000068 This is the term which used to be just "organ measurement". Since it was under body morphological measurement, it clearly referred to a morphological measurement. Because a term for organ measurement was needed that was not morphological, and since this one already had annotations, I changed the term while keeping the ID and location in the ontology the same. JRS 2-15-2012. organ morphological measurement CMO:0000068 A measurement of the physical form and structure of an organ. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS The weight of the heart after removal from the body but without desiccation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000069 heart wet weight CMO:0000069 The weight of the heart after removal from the body but without desiccation. RGD:JRS The weight of the heart after desiccation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000070 heart dry weight CMO:0000070 The weight of the heart after desiccation. RGD:JRS The weight of the lower left chamber of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic arteries, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. CMO:0000655 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000071 heart left ventricle wet weight CMO:0000071 The weight of the lower left chamber of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic arteries, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the lower right chamber of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. CMO:0000624 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000072 heart right ventricle wet weight CMO:0000072 The weight of the lower right chamber of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000073 calculated heart weight CMO:0000073 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system, is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. CMO:0000075 heart weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000074 heart weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000074 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system, is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body, thus normalizing it to body weight. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000075 Term merged into CMO:0000074, heart weight to body weight ratio heart weight as percentage of body weight true CMO:0000075 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ in vertebrates that pumps blood received from the veins into the arteries, thereby maintaining the flow of blood through the entire circulatory system, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 RGD:JRS The weight of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn to the earth by gravity. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000076 aorta weight CMO:0000076 The weight of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000077 blood vessel measurement CMO:0000077 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between the tip of the nose and the very end of the appendage extending from the end of the trunk of an organism. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000078 body length, nose to tail CMO:0000078 The distance between the tip of the nose and the very end of the appendage extending from the end of the trunk of an organism. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The distance between the tip of the nose and the back end of an organism. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000079 body length, nose to rump CMO:0000079 The distance between the tip of the nose and the back end of an organism. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ EFO:0004742 renal system measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000080 renal/urinary measurement CMO:0000080 The weight of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000081 kidney weight CMO:0000081 The weight of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the right kidney, the organ which lies on the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject and functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000082 right kidney wet weight CMO:0000082 The weight of the right kidney, the organ which lies on the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject and functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the left kidney, the organ which lies on the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject and functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000083 left kidney wet weight CMO:0000083 The weight of the left kidney, the organ which lies on the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject and functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of a single kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. individual kidney wet weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000084 single kidney wet weight CMO:0000084 The weight of a single kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000085 both kidneys wet weight CMO:0000085 The weight of both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000086 liver/biliary measurement CMO:0000086 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. renal morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000087 kidney morphological measurement CMO:0000087 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue in the body region between the thorax and pelvis. mshimoyama 2010-06-23T04:12:38Z CMO:0000313 abdominal fat weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000088 abdominal fat pad weight CMO:0000088 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue in the body region between the thorax and pelvis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of adipose tissue in entire body or region of body of an organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-23T04:14:20Z EFO:0004341 EFO:0004764 adipose tissue measurement body fat distribution clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000089 body fat morphological measurement CMO:0000089 Measurement of adipose tissue in entire body or region of body of an organism. RGD:MS clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000090 liver/biliary morphological measurement true CMO:0000090 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000091 renal/urinary morphological measurement true CMO:0000091 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the liver, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The liver is the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000092 liver weight CMO:0000092 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the liver, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The liver is the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000093 liver morphological measurement CMO:0000093 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the respiratory system or portion of the respiratory system. EFO:0005921 EFO:0006897 EFO:0007627 EFO:0007939 EFO:0008431 EFO:0010068 EFO:0010339 FEV change measurement FVC change measurement airway imaging measurement airway responsiveness measurement maximal voluntary ventilation respiratory symptom change measurement respiratory symptom measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000094 respiratory system measurement CMO:0000094 A measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the respiratory system or portion of the respiratory system. RGD:MS The weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found in the abdomen compared to the weight of the entire body, usually expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2010-06-23T04:14:38Z EFO:0007628 EFO:0020098 gas trapping measurement clinical_measurement_ontology abdominal fat ratio adiposity index CMO:0000095 abdominal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000095 The weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found in the abdomen compared to the weight of the entire body, usually expressed as a percentage. RGD:MS The weight of the lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. CMO:0000631 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000096 lung weight CMO:0000096 The weight of the lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000097 lung wet weight CMO:0000097 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight, after desiccation, of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000098 lung dry weight CMO:0000098 The weight, after desiccation, of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the single lung located on the right side of the body. The lung is the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000099 right lung wet weight CMO:0000099 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the single lung located on the right side of the body. The lung is the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the single lung located on the left side of the body. The lung is the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000100 left lung wet weight CMO:0000100 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the single lung located on the left side of the body. The lung is the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000101 calculated lung weight CMO:0000101 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. lung weight, dry/body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000102 lung dry weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000102 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of one or both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of the right lung (the lung on the side of the body to the south when the organism is facing east) is divided by the weight of the left lung of the same individual and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The lungs are the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. right lung weight/left lung weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000103 Note that "left" and "right" in this context refer to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. (Reference: Wikipedia, Anatomical_terms_of_location). right lung weight to left lung weight ratio CMO:0000103 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the right lung (the lung on the side of the body to the south when the organism is facing east) is divided by the weight of the left lung of the same individual and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The lungs are the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body (or a part of the body such as an organ) is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight, after desiccation, of one individual lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000104 single lung dry weight CMO:0000104 The weight, after desiccation, of one individual lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The vertical measurement of a body. EFO:0004339 EFO:0005201 EFO:0006784 EFO:0006785 body height body height at birth infant body height clinical_measurement_ontology height growth measurement CMO:0000106 body height CMO:0000106 The vertical measurement of a body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement that indicates the compositional nature of a tissue or set of tissues. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:53:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000107 tissue composition measurement CMO:0000107 A measurement that indicates the compositional nature of a tissue or set of tissues. RGD:MS A calculated value which compares the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, with the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, and presents it as a ratio. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T08:17:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000108 heart right ventricle weight to left ventricle weight ratio CMO:0000108 A calculated value which compares the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, with the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, and presents it as a ratio. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of B lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T08:20:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000109 blood B lymphocyte count CMO:0000109 The number of B lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of T lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T08:21:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD3 cell count blood CD3(+) cell count blood CD3-positive cell count CMO:0000110 blood T lymphocyte count CMO:0000110 The number of T lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) in a specified volume of blood, usually 1 cubic millimeter. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T08:22:51Z EFO:0007987 granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000111 blood granulocyte count CMO:0000111 The number of granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes) in a specified volume of blood, usually 1 cubic millimeter. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T09:04:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma ACE activity level plasma dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity level plasma peptidyl-dipeptidase A activity level CMO:0000112 plasma angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0000112 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of blood via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T09:07:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000113 blood direct renin activity level CMO:0000113 Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of blood via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. PMID:15339872 mshimoyama 2011-09-21T11:16:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000114 ventilation measurement CMO:0000114 The amount of ezymatic activity of renin, an enzyme which catalyzes cleavage of the leucine-leucine bond in angiotensinogen to generate angiotensin I, in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T09:37:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000115 blood renin activity level CMO:0000115 The amount of ezymatic activity of renin, an enzyme which catalyzes cleavage of the leucine-leucine bond in angiotensinogen to generate angiotensin I, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 An estimation of the amount of renin in a specific volume of plasma calculated from the rate of formation of angiotensin I or II. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T09:37:33Z EFO:0006828 plasma renin activity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology random plasma renin level CMO:0000116 plasma renin activity level CMO:0000116 An estimation of the amount of renin in a specific volume of plasma calculated from the rate of formation of angiotensin I or II. RGD:MS The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:18:31Z EFO:0006807 EFO:0006808 EFO:0006809 EFO:0006810 EFO:0006824 EFO:0007759 EFO:0007760 EFO:0007761 EFO:0007762 EFO:0007763 MESH:D005230 blood NEFA level blood non-esterified fatty acid level alpha-linolenic acid measurement arachidonic acid measurement cis/trans-18:2 fatty acid measurement dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid measurement docosahexaenoic acid measurement docosapentaenoic acid measurement eicosapentaenoic acid measurement gamma-linolenic acid measurement linoleic acid measurement oleic acid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000117 blood free fatty acids level CMO:0000117 The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of blood. PMID:9888641 The amount of triglycerides in a specific volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:19:44Z triglyceride measurement EFO:0004530 EFO:0007681 triglyceride change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000118 blood triglyceride level CMO:0000118 The amount of triglycerides in a specific volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of lipoproteins, any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component, in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:21:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000119 blood lipoprotein level CMO:0000119 The amount of lipoproteins, any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component, in a specific volume of blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of proteins that bind to lipids found in a specific volume of plasma. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:25:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000120 plasma apolipoprotein level CMO:0000120 The amount of proteins that bind to lipids found in a specific volume of plasma. RGD:MS The amount of angiotensin II in a specific sample of blood. Angiotensin II (AngII) is the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:28:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood AngII level CMO:0000121 blood angiotensin II level CMO:0000121 The amount of angiotensin II in a specific sample of blood. Angiotensin II (AngII) is the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin#Angiotensin_II The average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell as a caculated value by dividing the total mass of hemoglobin by the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood, often expressed as picograms per cell. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:32:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000122 mean corpuscular hemoglobin level true CMO:0000122 The average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell as a caculated value by dividing the total mass of hemoglobin by the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood, often expressed as picograms per cell. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_corpuscular_hemoglobin The amount of bilirubin found in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:35:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000123 blood bilirubin level CMO:0000123 The amount of bilirubin found in a specific volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of sex steroids, hormones which interact with vertebrate androgen or estrogen receptors, found in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:48:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000124 blood sex steroid level CMO:0000124 The amount of sex steroids, hormones which interact with vertebrate androgen or estrogen receptors, found in a specific volume of blood. RGD:MS Measurement of the amount of creatinine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:00:47Z CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000125 urine creatinine level CMO:0000125 Measurement of the amount of creatinine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The impedance, or opposition, of a section of tissue to passage of electric current. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T10:56:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000126 bioimpedance CMO:0000126 The impedance, or opposition, of a section of tissue to passage of electric current. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the skeletal, smooth and/or heart muscles of the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:24:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000127 muscle morphological measurement CMO:0000127 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the skeletal, smooth and/or heart muscles of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:01:17Z EFO:0010952 urinary potassium measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000128 urine potassium level CMO:0000128 The amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:01:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000129 urine sodium level CMO:0000129 The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of albumin in a specified volume of urine. Urine albumin levels which are above normal but not detectable with routine protein testing are referred to as microalbuminuria. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:01:46Z EFO:0010967 urinary microalbumin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology urine microalbumin level CMO:0000130 urine albumin level CMO:0000130 The amount of albumin in a specified volume of urine. Urine albumin levels which are above normal but not detectable with routine protein testing are referred to as microalbuminuria. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Weight of muscle, an organ which contracts to produce movement. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:24:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000131 muscle weight CMO:0000131 Weight of muscle, an organ which contracts to produce movement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total volume of gas inhaled and exhaled from the lungs per one minute. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:12:05Z MV Q Ve clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000132 minute ventilation CMO:0000132 Total volume of gas inhaled and exhaled from the lungs per one minute. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of carbon dioxide present in air exhaled from the lungs. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:13:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000133 end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) CMO:0000133 The amount of carbon dioxide present in air exhaled from the lungs. http://en.wikipedia.org The rate of elimination of carbon dioxide from the lungs. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:13:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000134 maximal carbon dioxide production (VCO2) CMO:0000134 The rate of elimination of carbon dioxide from the lungs. RGD:MS VO2 max (maximal oxygen consumption), refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. The more oxygen a person can use during high level exercise, the more energy a person can produce. This test is the gold standard for determining cardiorespiratory fitness because the muscles need oxygen for prolonged aerobic exercise, and the heart must pump adequate amounts of blood through the circulation to meet the demands of aerobic exercise. mshimoyama 2009-12-17T11:14:04Z EFO:0004887 maximal oxygen uptake measurement maximum oxygen consumption clinical_measurement_ontology VO2 max maximal aerobic capacity maximal oxygen uptake peak oxygen uptake CMO:0000135 maximal oxygen consumption CMO:0000135 VO2 max (maximal oxygen consumption), refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. The more oxygen a person can use during high level exercise, the more energy a person can produce. This test is the gold standard for determining cardiorespiratory fitness because the muscles need oxygen for prolonged aerobic exercise, and the heart must pump adequate amounts of blood through the circulation to meet the demands of aerobic exercise. https://med.virginia.edu/exercise-physiology-core-laboratory/fitness-assessment-for-community-members/vo2-max-testing Measurement of the physical form or structure of the brain, the component of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:26:52Z EFO:0006516 EFO:0006913 EFO:0006930 EFO:0006931 EFO:0007739 EFO:0008387 MA:0000168 brain volume measurement caudate nucleus measurement left superior temporal gyrus thickness measurement nucleus accumbens volume prefrontal cortex cytoarchtiectural measurement superior frontal gyrus grey matter volume measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000136 brain morphological measurement CMO:0000136 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the brain, the component of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the brain, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The brain is the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium. It is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:27:51Z EFO:0006932 putamen volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000137 brain weight CMO:0000137 The weight of the brain, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The brain is the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium. It is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the brain, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:28:11Z EFO:0006933 pallidum volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000138 calculated brain weight CMO:0000138 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the brain, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of the brain is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:28:51Z EFO:0006934 amygdala volume clinical_measurement_ontology brain weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0000139 brain weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000139 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the brain is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:48:45Z EFO:0006935 thalamus volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000140 both kidneys wet weight as percentage of body weight true CMO:0000140 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the liver in comparison to whole body weight expressed as percentage. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:50:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver somatic index, LSI CMO:0000141 liver weight as percentage of body weight true CMO:0000141 Weight of the liver in comparison to whole body weight expressed as percentage. RGD:MS Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both of the adrenal glands, the complex endocrine glands located just above the kidneys which release hormones in response to stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol and catecholamines such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline, as well as producing androgens in the innermost cortical layer. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:59:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology suprarenal gland morphological measurement CMO:0000142 adrenal gland morphological measurement CMO:0000142 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both of the adrenal glands, the complex endocrine glands located just above the kidneys which release hormones in response to stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol and catecholamines such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline, as well as producing androgens in the innermost cortical layer. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_Gland The weight of one or both of the adrenal glands, that is, their heaviness or the degree to which they are drawn toward the earth by gravity. RNigam 2010-05-17T01:59:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology suprarenal gland weight CMO:0000143 adrenal gland weight CMO:0000143 The weight of one or both of the adrenal glands, that is, their heaviness or the degree to which they are drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both adrenal glands. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:00:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated suprarenal gland weight CMO:0000144 calculated adrenal gland weight CMO:0000144 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both adrenal glands. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of one individual adrenal gland is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:02:00Z CMO:0000619 ratio of the weight of a single adrenal gland to the weight of the body clinical_measurement_ontology single adrenal gland weight as percentage of body weight single suprarenal gland weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000145 single adrenal gland weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000145 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one individual adrenal gland is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:02:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000146 spleen morphological measurement CMO:0000146 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the spleen, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:03:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000147 spleen weight CMO:0000147 The weight of the spleen, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the spleen, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:04:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000148 calculated spleen weight CMO:0000148 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the spleen, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of the spleen is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:04:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology spleen weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0000149 spleen weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000149 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the spleen is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the form or structure of any organ which is part of the complex of male gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:05:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000150 male reproductive organ morphological measurement CMO:0000150 Measurement of the form or structure of any organ which is part of the complex of male gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of one or both of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:06:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000151 testis weight CMO:0000151 The weight of one or both of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of one or both of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathmatical process or computation. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:06:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000152 calculated testis weight CMO:0000152 The weight of one or both of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathmatical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. RNigam 2010-05-17T02:07:21Z testis weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000153 testis weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000153 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the brain after desiccation of the excised organ. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:46:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000154 brain dry weight CMO:0000154 Weight of the brain after desiccation of the excised organ. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The weight of the brain after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:47:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000155 brain wet weight CMO:0000155 The weight of the brain after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both lungs is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:48:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology lung weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0000156 lung weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000156 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both lungs is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the liver, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:54:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000157 calculated liver weight CMO:0000157 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the liver, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:55:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000158 liver wet weight CMO:0000158 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The weight after desiccation of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. RNigam 2010-05-25T03:55:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000159 liver dry weight CMO:0000159 The weight after desiccation of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:01:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000160 calculated kidney weight CMO:0000160 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The weight of an individual left adrenal gland, that is the gland located on the left side of the body when viewed from the organism's perspective, after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:03:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology left suprarenal gland wet weight CMO:0000161 left adrenal gland wet weight CMO:0000161 The weight of an individual left adrenal gland, that is the gland located on the left side of the body when viewed from the organism's perspective, after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The weight of an individual right adrenal gland, that is the gland located on the right side of the body when viewed from the organism's perspective, after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:03:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology right suprarenal gland wet weight CMO:0000162 right adrenal gland wet weight CMO:0000162 The weight of an individual right adrenal gland, that is the gland located on the right side of the body when viewed from the organism's perspective, after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Weight of one individual adrenal gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:03:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology single suprarenal gland wet weight CMO:0000163 single adrenal gland wet weight CMO:0000163 Weight of one individual adrenal gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The total weight of both adrenal glands together after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:04:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology both suprarenal glands wet weight CMO:0000164 both adrenal glands wet weight CMO:0000164 The total weight of both adrenal glands together after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The weight together, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:07:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000165 both lungs wet weight CMO:0000165 The weight together, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed RNigam 2010-05-25T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000166 lung weight, single true CMO:0000166 Weight of one or both adrenal glands after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:09:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology suprarenal gland wet weight CMO:0000167 adrenal gland wet weight CMO:0000167 Weight of one or both adrenal glands after removal from the body but without desiccation. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Weight of one or both adrenal glands after desiccation of the excised organ(s). RNigam 2010-05-25T04:10:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology suprarenal gland dry weight CMO:0000168 adrenal gland dry weight CMO:0000168 Weight of one or both adrenal glands after desiccation of the excised organ(s). Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The weight of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:11:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000169 kidney wet weight CMO:0000169 The weight of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight after desiccation of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. RNigam 2010-05-25T04:11:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000170 kidney dry weight CMO:0000170 The weight after desiccation of one or both kidneys, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the spleen after removal from the body but without desiccation. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:52:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000171 spleen wet weight CMO:0000171 The weight of the spleen after removal from the body but without desiccation. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the spleen after desiccation. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:52:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000172 spleen dry weight CMO:0000172 The weight of the spleen after desiccation. The spleen is the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and to produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of one or both of the testicles, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:55:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000173 testis wet weight CMO:0000173 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of one or both of the testicles, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RNigam 2010-05-26T08:55:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000174 single testis dry weight CMO:0000174 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation both of the testicles, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:55:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000175 both testes wet weight CMO:0000175 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation both of the testicles, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:56:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000176 single testis wet weight CMO:0000176 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the right testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. The right testicle is the one of the pair located closer to the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:56:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000177 right testis wet weight CMO:0000177 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the right testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. The right testicle is the one of the pair located closer to the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the left testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. The left testicle is the one of the pair located closer to the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject. RNigam 2010-05-26T08:56:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000178 left testis wet weight CMO:0000178 The weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the left testicle, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. The left testicle is the one of the pair located closer to the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at either the inner surface or outer surface of the blood vessel wall. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:05:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000179 blood vessel diameter CMO:0000179 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at either the inner surface or outer surface of the blood vessel wall. RGD:JRS Percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heart beat. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:06:25Z EF EFO:0005527 EFO:0008373 PMID:32207065 LVEF ejection fraction measurement heart left ventricle ejection fraction left ventricle ejection fraction left ventricular ejection fraction left ventricular ejection fraction measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000180 ejection fraction CMO:0000180 Percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heart beat. ISBN-13:9780781733908 Volume of blood in left ventricle at end of contraction. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:08:28Z PMID:12957726 ESV clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000181 end-systolic volume CMO:0000181 Volume of blood in left ventricle at end of contraction. PMID:12957726 Morphological measurement of the top most or forward most division of an organism's body usually containing the brain and sense organs. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:12:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000182 head morphological measurement CMO:0000182 Morphological measurement of the top most or forward most division of an organism's body usually containing the brain and sense organs. RGD:MS Total distance around the head of an organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:12:29Z EFO:0005114 head circumference clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000183 head circumference CMO:0000183 Total distance around the head of an organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total volume or capacity of the bony or cartilaginous framework of the head. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:12:47Z EFO:0009278 clinical_measurement_ontology cranial vault morphology measurement CMO:0000184 skull volume CMO:0000184 Total volume or capacity of the bony or cartilaginous framework of the head. http://en.wikipedia.org Morphological measurement of one of paired appendages used for locomotion or grasping. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:27:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000185 limb morphological measurement CMO:0000185 Morphological measurement of one of paired appendages used for locomotion or grasping. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The linear distance around the lower portion of the hind limb, i.e. the segment of the hind limb farthest from the body. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T01:17:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology distal back leg circumference distal hind leg circumference CMO:0000186 distal hind limb circumference CMO:0000186 The linear distance around the lower portion of the hind limb, i.e. the segment of the hind limb farthest from the body. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumference mshimoyama 2010-12-17T01:18:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000187 distal forelimb circumference CMO:0000187 mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:28:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000188 forelimb length CMO:0000188 Measurement of the linear extent from end to end of a posterior appendage such as a leg. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:28:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology back leg length hind leg length CMO:0000189 hind limb length CMO:0000189 Measurement of the linear extent from end to end of a posterior appendage such as a leg. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Any morphological measurement of the flexible appendage extending outward from the trunk or main part of the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:29:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000190 tail morphological measurement CMO:0000190 Any morphological measurement of the flexible appendage extending outward from the trunk or main part of the body. RGD:MS The distance from the tip of the extended, flexible appendage at the rear of a vertebrate to the point of contact with the trunk or main body. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:29:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000191 tail length CMO:0000191 The distance from the tip of the extended, flexible appendage at the rear of a vertebrate to the point of contact with the trunk or main body. RGD:MS Measurement of the resistance of blood to flow caused by friction of its component molecules as they slide past one another. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:31:33Z EFO:0004301 blood viscosity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000192 blood viscosity measurement CMO:0000192 Measurement of the resistance of blood to flow caused by friction of its component molecules as they slide past one another. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the amount, by weight, of the small deposits of fat located within a specified amount of skeletal muscle. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:24:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology intramuscular adipose tissue weight intramuscular adipose weight CMO:0000193 intramuscular fat weight CMO:0000193 A measurement of the amount, by weight, of the small deposits of fat located within a specified amount of skeletal muscle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_fat A measurement to describe the combined properties of viscosity, related to the energy dissipated during flow, and elasticity, related to the energy stored during flow, of blood. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:34:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000194 blood viscoelasticity CMO:0000194 A measurement to describe the combined properties of viscosity, related to the energy dissipated during flow, and elasticity, related to the energy stored during flow, of blood. http://www.vilastic.com Any measurement of the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:38:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood flow measurement CMO:0000195 circulation measurement CMO:0000195 Any measurement of the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The volume of blood flowing through a vessel or organ per unit of time. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:38:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000196 blood flow rate CMO:0000196 The volume of blood flowing through a vessel or organ per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The volume of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute, also used to calculate - stroke volume X heart rate. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:51:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000197 cardiac output CMO:0000197 The volume of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute, also used to calculate - stroke volume X heart rate. RGD:MS The volume of blood flowing through an artery per unit time. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:56:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000198 arterial blood flow rate CMO:0000198 The volume of blood flowing through an artery per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The volume of blood passing through a vein per unit time. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T09:56:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000199 venous blood flow rate CMO:0000199 The volume of blood passing through a vein per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle is presented as a percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:24:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology intramuscular adipose weight as percent of body weight CMO:0000200 intramuscular fat weight as percent of body weight CMO:0000200 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle is presented as a percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_fat Movement of blood along the solid wall of a vessel, often represented by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T10:04:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000201 vessel shear stress measurement CMO:0000201 Movement of blood along the solid wall of a vessel, often represented by the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. RGD:MS mshimoyama 2010-06-10T10:51:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000202 in vitro vessel shear stress CMO:0000202 mshimoyama 2010-06-10T10:52:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000203 in vivo vessel shear stress CMO:0000203 Measurement to assess the sequential process through which multiple factors of the blood interact to form an insoluble fibrin clot. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T10:53:38Z EFO:0004634 coagulation factor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000204 blood coagulation measurement CMO:0000204 Measurement to assess the sequential process through which multiple factors of the blood interact to form an insoluble fibrin clot. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the coagulation properties of blood within a living organism or as it leaves the living organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:01:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000205 in vivo coagulation measurement CMO:0000205 Measurement of the coagulation properties of blood within a living organism or as it leaves the living organism. RGD:MS Measurement of coagulation and factors affecting coagulation in blood after removal from the living organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:01:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000206 in vitro coagulation measurement CMO:0000206 Measurement of coagulation and factors affecting coagulation in blood after removal from the living organism. RGD:MS The time interval between the appearance of the first drop of blood and the removal of the last drop after puncture. In humans, the puncture is often made in the ear lobe or finger. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:04:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000207 bleeding time (BT) CMO:0000207 The time interval between the appearance of the first drop of blood and the removal of the last drop after puncture. In humans, the puncture is often made in the ear lobe or finger. http://www.medilexicon.com Measurement of the physical form or structure of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:25:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000208 intramuscular fat morphological measurement CMO:0000208 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_fat Measurement of the amount of fibrinogen in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains; cleavage products of fibrinogen have a major role in blood clotting as well as roles in cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor activity, and can function as chemotactic and mitogenic agents for several cell types. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:07:51Z EFO:0004623 fibrinogen measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Factor I level CMO:0000209 blood fibrinogen level CMO:0000209 Measurement of the amount of fibrinogen in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains; cleavage products of fibrinogen have a major role in blood clotting as well as roles in cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor activity, and can function as chemotactic and mitogenic agents for several cell types. RGD:737209 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinogen The time needed for plasma to form a fibrin clot after the addition of calcium and a phospholipid reagent. It is used to evaluate the intrinsic clotting system. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:20:31Z EFO:0004310 partial thromboplastin time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000210 activated partial thromboplastin time CMO:0000210 The time needed for plasma to form a fibrin clot after the addition of calcium and a phospholipid reagent. It is used to evaluate the intrinsic clotting system. http://www.medilexicon.com Measurement of the clotting ability of fibrinogen, prothrombin, proaccelerin, proconvertin and Stuart factor, usually given in seconds to formation of clot after the addition of a tissue factor or thromboplastin. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:21:04Z EFO:0008390 prothrombin time measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000211 prothrombin time CMO:0000211 Measurement of the clotting ability of fibrinogen, prothrombin, proaccelerin, proconvertin and Stuart factor, usually given in seconds to formation of clot after the addition of a tissue factor or thromboplastin. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The time needed for a fibrin clot to form after the addition of thrombin to citrated plasma. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T11:21:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000212 thrombin time CMO:0000212 The time needed for a fibrin clot to form after the addition of thrombin to citrated plasma. http://www.medilexicon.com A calculated measurement of the number of intramuscular fat cells, that is, adipocytes which make up the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle, divided by the volume of skeletal muscle in the sample, presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the muscle sample. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:26:34Z intramuscular adipocyte count to skeletal muscle volume ratio clinical_measurement_ontology number of adipocytes per cubic centimeter of muscle number of fat cells per cubic cm of muscle CMO:0000213 intramuscular fat cell count to skeletal muscle volume ratio CMO:0000213 A calculated measurement of the number of intramuscular fat cells, that is, adipocytes which make up the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle, divided by the volume of skeletal muscle in the sample, presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the muscle sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the area of intramuscular fat divided by a specified area of skeletal muscle and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to the total area of the muscle. mshimoyama 2010-06-24T01:27:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology intramuscular adipose area as percentage of muscle area intramuscular adipose area as percentage of skeletal muscle area CMO:0000214 intramuscular fat area as percentage of skeletal muscle area CMO:0000214 A calculated value in which the area of intramuscular fat divided by a specified area of skeletal muscle and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to the total area of the muscle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2010-06-10T02:02:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology vasodilation measurement CMO:0000215 blood vessel dilation measurement CMO:0000215 mshimoyama 2010-06-10T02:02:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000216 lumen diameter at maximum dilation expressed as percent of baseline CMO:0000216 The amount of magnesium ions in a specified volume of plasma. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T10:27:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000217 plasma magnesium level CMO:0000217 The amount of magnesium ions in a specified volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2010-06-10T02:34:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology vasoconstriction measurement CMO:0000218 blood vessel constriction measurement CMO:0000218 mshimoyama 2010-06-10T02:35:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000219 lumen diameter at maximum constriction expressed as percent of baseline CMO:0000219 Resistance to blood flow by blood vessels throughout the body, the degree to which the blood vessels impede the flow of blood, often calculated as SVR equal to the difference between mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and central venous pressure (CVP) divided by cardiac output (CO) (SVR=MAP &#8722; CVP/CO). mshimoyama 2010-06-10T02:41:52Z PMID:22258067 SVR TPR total peripheral resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000220 systemic vascular resistance CMO:0000220 Resistance to blood flow by blood vessels throughout the body, the degree to which the blood vessels impede the flow of blood, often calculated as SVR equal to the difference between mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and central venous pressure (CVP) divided by cardiac output (CO) (SVR=MAP &#8722; CVP/CO). PMID:22258067 RGD:MS Volume of blood in left ventricle immediately before a contraction. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T03:56:38Z PMID:12957726 EDV clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000221 end-diastolic volume CMO:0000221 Volume of blood in left ventricle immediately before a contraction. PMID:12957726 Volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle. mshimoyama 2010-06-10T03:57:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000222 tidal volume CMO:0000222 Volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat, calculated by subtracting the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of a beat (end-systolic volume) from the volume of blood just prior to the beat (end-diastolic volume). mshimoyama 2010-06-11T01:32:10Z SV clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000223 stroke volume CMO:0000223 Volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat, calculated by subtracting the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of a beat (end-systolic volume) from the volume of blood just prior to the beat (end-diastolic volume). ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:22783192 A measurement on the adipose tissue in a portion of the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-16T10:54:24Z EFO:0007890 pericardial adipose tissue measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000224 body region fat morphological measurement CMO:0000224 A measurement on the adipose tissue in a portion of the body. RGD:MS Any measurement of a gas or gases dissolved in arterial blood, that is, blood which has absorbed oxygen in the lungs, including oxygen, nitrogen carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T10:29:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000225 arterial blood gas measurement CMO:0000225 Any measurement of a gas or gases dissolved in arterial blood, that is, blood which has absorbed oxygen in the lungs, including oxygen, nitrogen carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total body fat as a percentage of total body mass calculated based on Total Body Water equal to 0.372 times height in centimeters squared divided by resistance plus 3.05 times sex (male-1, female-2) plus 0.142 times weight minus 0.69 times age. mshimoyama 2010-06-16T10:58:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000226 body fat percentage, Lukaski equation CMO:0000226 Total body fat as a percentage of total body mass calculated based on Total Body Water equal to 0.372 times height in centimeters squared divided by resistance plus 3.05 times sex (male-1, female-2) plus 0.142 times weight minus 0.69 times age. RGD:MS http://www.brianmac.co.uk/fatbia.htm Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cells. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:30:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000227 cell measurement CMO:0000227 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cells. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of cells of muscular tissue in the heart in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:30:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000228 cardiomyocyte count CMO:0000228 Number of cells of muscular tissue in the heart in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of the specialized liner cells that form an interface between the circulating blood and the rest of the vessel wall in a specified sample of blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:33:11Z blood vessel endothelial cell number vascular endothelial cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000229 blood vessel endothelial cell count CMO:0000229 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of the specialized liner cells that form an interface between the circulating blood and the rest of the vessel wall in a specified sample of blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of components of the electrical conduction system of the heart.The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:36:15Z EFO:0007885 JT interval clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000230 heart electrical conduction measurement CMO:0000230 Difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:37:24Z transmembrane potential clinical_measurement_ontology membrane electric potential gradient membrane voltage CMO:0000231 cell membrane potential CMO:0000231 Difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Interval between an R wave and the next R wave of successive heart beats, inverse of the heart rate. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:39:30Z EFO:0004831 RR interval clinical_measurement_ontology RR_Interval CMO:0000232 RR interval CMO:0000232 Interval between an R wave and the next R wave of successive heart beats, inverse of the heart rate. RGD:MS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECG RR_Interval ECGOntology:ECG_000000042 Time between the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex, reflects the time the electrical impulse takes to travel from the sinus node through the AV node and entering the ventricles, used as an estimate of AV node function. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:40:52Z EFO:0004462 EFO:0005095 PQ Interval PR interval PR segment clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000233 PR interval CMO:0000233 Time between the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex, reflects the time the electrical impulse takes to travel from the sinus node through the AV node and entering the ventricles, used as an estimate of AV node function. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECG The time between the J point ( the point at which the QRS complex finishes and the ST segment begins) to the end of the T wave. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:43:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology ST_Interval CMO:0000234 ST interval CMO:0000234 The time between the J point ( the point at which the QRS complex finishes and the ST segment begins) to the end of the T wave. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECG ST_Interval ECGOntology:ECG_000000824 An interval measured from the onset of the QRS wave complex to the offset of the T wave. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:45:44Z EFO:0004682 QT interval clinical_measurement_ontology QT_Interval CMO:0000235 QT interval CMO:0000235 An interval measured from the onset of the QRS wave complex to the offset of the T wave. RGD:MS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECG QT_Interval ECGOntology:ECG_000000682 mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:53:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000236 heart wall thickness CMO:0000236 The depth of the wall of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T10:54:17Z aortic wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000237 aorta wall thickness CMO:0000237 The depth of the wall of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The thickness or depth of the dorsal/posterior wall of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the heart muscle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:13:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart dorsal wall thickness CMO:0000238 heart posterior wall thickness CMO:0000238 The thickness or depth of the dorsal/posterior wall of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the heart muscle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:15:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart left ventricle dorsal wall thickness CMO:0000239 Note that "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness CMO:0000239 The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location) The thickness or depth of the dorsal/posterior wall of the right ventricle of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:15:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart right ventricle dorsal wall thickness CMO:0000240 heart right ventricle posterior wall thickness CMO:0000240 The thickness or depth of the dorsal/posterior wall of the right ventricle of the heart. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS The comparison of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity expressed as ratio or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-16T01:02:33Z EFO:0004713 FEV/FEC ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000241 forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity ratio CMO:0000241 The comparison of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity expressed as ratio or percentage. http://en.wikipedia.org Distance completely around the body in the area between the thorax and hips. In humans, this is commonly at the umbilicus. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:28:45Z EFO:0004342 waist circumference clinical_measurement_ontology waist girth CMO:0000242 waist circumference CMO:0000242 Distance completely around the body in the area between the thorax and hips. In humans, this is commonly at the umbilicus. RGD:MS Total area of adipose tissue in the abdominal area including subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:30:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000243 total abdominal fat area CMO:0000243 Total area of adipose tissue in the abdominal area including subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue. RGD:MS Area of adipose tissue within the muscle wall surrounding the abdominal cavity. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:32:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology intra-abdominal fat area CMO:0000244 abdominal visceral fat area CMO:0000244 Area of adipose tissue within the muscle wall surrounding the abdominal cavity. RGD:MS Area of adipose tissue found beneath the skin in the abdominal region. Sometimes calculated as total fat area minus abdominal visceral fat area. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T11:34:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000245 abdominal subcutaneous fat area CMO:0000245 Area of adipose tissue found beneath the skin in the abdominal region. Sometimes calculated as total fat area minus abdominal visceral fat area. RGD:MS This measurement is made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone. It is often used to estimate percentage of body fat. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:15:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000246 skin fold thickness CMO:0000246 This measurement is made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone. It is often used to estimate percentage of body fat. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the region of the biceps muscle, commonly the upper arm in humans. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:16:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000247 skin fold thickness, bicep CMO:0000247 Measurement made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the region of the biceps muscle, commonly the upper arm in humans. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a fold of skin and subcutaneous fat taken at a point running parallel to the length of the upper limb over the triceps muscle midway between the acromion and olecranon. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:16:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000248 skin fold thickness, tricep CMO:0000248 Measurement of a fold of skin and subcutaneous fat taken at a point running parallel to the length of the upper limb over the triceps muscle midway between the acromion and olecranon. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the region just below the scapula. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:16:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000249 skin fold thickness, subscapular CMO:0000249 Measurement made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the region just below the scapula. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement is made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the area at the midaxillary line directly above the iliac crest. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:17:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000250 skin fold thickness, suprailiac CMO:0000250 Measurement is made on the layer of skin and subcutaneous fat raised by pinching the skin and letting the underlying muscle fall back to the bone in the area at the midaxillary line directly above the iliac crest. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The volume of air that can be forcibly expelled from a maximally inflated lung. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:18:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology forced expired vital capacity CMO:0000251 forced vital capacity (FVC) CMO:0000251 The volume of air that can be forcibly expelled from a maximally inflated lung. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:18:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000252 maximum inspiratory flow (PIF) CMO:0000252 Maximal rate of air flow through the pulmonary tree during forced expiration. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:19:05Z EFO:0004313 EFO:0009718 maximal midexpiratory flow rate clinical_measurement_ontology PEF peak expiratory flow CMO:0000253 maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) CMO:0000253 Maximal rate of air flow through the pulmonary tree during forced expiration. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Fraction of forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:19:28Z EFO:0004314 forced expiratory volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000254 forced expiratory volume CMO:0000254 Fraction of forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Maximum volume of air that an organism can breathe in and out during a specified period of time, often 1 minute. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T09:50:05Z MVV clinical_measurement_ontology maximum breathing capacity CMO:0000255 maximal volume ventilation CMO:0000255 Maximum volume of air that an organism can breathe in and out during a specified period of time, often 1 minute. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Any measurement of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, or its components. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:26:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000256 urine measurement CMO:0000256 Any measurement of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, or its components. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed This calculated measurement is the ratio of the density of urine to the density of water at a given temperature and pressure. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:27:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology urine density CMO:0000257 urine specific gravity CMO:0000257 This calculated measurement is the ratio of the density of urine to the density of water at a given temperature and pressure. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Urine pH is a measure of its acidity and is determined by the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a specified sample of urine. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:30:48Z EFO:0010136 urinary pH measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000258 urine pH CMO:0000258 Urine pH is a measure of its acidity and is determined by the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a specified sample of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of urine voided. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:31:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000259 urine volume CMO:0000259 The amount of urine voided. RGD:MS The amount of urine voided over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:32:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000260 timed urine volume CMO:0000260 The amount of urine voided over a specified period of time. RGD:MS The number of times an organism voids urine over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:33:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000261 urination frequency CMO:0000261 The number of times an organism voids urine over a specified period of time. RGD:MS Measurement of the amount of one or more catecholamines, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:34:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology free catecholamine fractionation measurement CMO:0000262 urine catecholamine level CMO:0000262 Measurement of the amount of one or more catecholamines, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The magnitude of the P wave, the initial deflection of the cardiac cycle representing excitation of the atria as presented in an electrocardiogram. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:38:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000263 P wave amplitude CMO:0000263 The magnitude of the P wave, the initial deflection of the cardiac cycle representing excitation of the atria as presented in an electrocardiogram. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The time from start to finish of the P wave , in the electrocardiograph illustrating the initial deflection of the cardiac cycle, representing the excitation of the atria. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:39:11Z EFO:0005094 P wave duration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000264 P wave duration CMO:0000264 The time from start to finish of the P wave , in the electrocardiograph illustrating the initial deflection of the cardiac cycle, representing the excitation of the atria. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The distance to the lowest part of the Q wave which shows the initial downward deflection related to the initial phase of depolarization of the ventricular myocardium and the depolarization of the interventricular septum as measured by electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:39:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000265 Q wave depth CMO:0000265 The distance to the lowest part of the Q wave which shows the initial downward deflection related to the initial phase of depolarization of the ventricular myocardium and the depolarization of the interventricular septum as measured by electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The time from start to finish of the Q wave which illustrates the initial downward deflection related to the initial phase of depolarization of the ventricular myocardium and the depolarization of the interventricular septum as measured by an electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:39:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000266 Q wave duration CMO:0000266 The time from start to finish of the Q wave which illustrates the initial downward deflection related to the initial phase of depolarization of the ventricular myocardium and the depolarization of the interventricular septum as measured by an electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The time from start to finish of the QRS interval as calculated from a set of measurements taken from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the QRS complex representing the time it takes for ventricles to depolarize. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:40:13Z EFO:0005055 EFO:0007928 QRS duration clinical_measurement_ontology ventricular rate measurement CMO:0000267 QRS duration CMO:0000267 The time from start to finish of the QRS interval as calculated from a set of measurements taken from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the QRS complex representing the time it takes for ventricles to depolarize. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The magnitude of the portion of the electrocardiograph comprising the Q, R, and S waves which together represent ventricular depolarization. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:40:30Z EFO:0007742 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000268 QRS amplitude CMO:0000268 The magnitude of the portion of the electrocardiograph comprising the Q, R, and S waves which together represent ventricular depolarization. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 QT interval corrected for heart rate calculated by the QT interval divided by the square root of the interval from one QRS complex to the onset of the next QRS complex measured in seconds. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:40:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000269 QTC interval CMO:0000269 QT interval corrected for heart rate calculated by the QT interval divided by the square root of the interval from one QRS complex to the onset of the next QRS complex measured in seconds. http://en.wikipedia.org The magnitude of the R wave, which is the initial upward deflection of the QRS complex following the Q wave representing early depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated by an electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:41:09Z EFO:0007741 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000270 R wave amplitude CMO:0000270 The magnitude of the R wave, which is the initial upward deflection of the QRS complex following the Q wave representing early depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated by an electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The time from start to finish of the R wave, the initial upward deflection of the QRS complex following the Q wave which represents early depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated in and electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:41:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000271 R wave duration CMO:0000271 The time from start to finish of the R wave, the initial upward deflection of the QRS complex following the Q wave which represents early depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated in and electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The magnitude of the S wave, the downward deflection of the QRS complex following the R wave representing late depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated in an electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:41:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000272 S wave amplitude CMO:0000272 The magnitude of the S wave, the downward deflection of the QRS complex following the R wave representing late depolarization of the ventricles as illustrated in an electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The time from start to finish of the S wave which is the downward deflection of the QRS complex following the R wave representing late depolarization as illustrated by an electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:42:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000273 S wave duration CMO:0000273 The time from start to finish of the S wave which is the downward deflection of the QRS complex following the R wave representing late depolarization as illustrated by an electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:42:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000274 ST amplitude CMO:0000274 mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:42:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000275 ST slope CMO:0000275 mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:43:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000276 ST wave displacement CMO:0000276 The magnitude of the T wave, the deflection following the QRS complex representing repolarization of the ventricles as illustrated by and electrocardiograph. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T12:43:21Z EFO:0008398 T wave morphology measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000277 T wave amplitude CMO:0000277 The magnitude of the T wave, the deflection following the QRS complex representing repolarization of the ventricles as illustrated by and electrocardiograph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 An interval measured from the onset of the P wave in one PQRST wave complex to the onset of the P wave in the following PQRST wave complex. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T03:09:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology PP_Interval CMO:0000278 PP interval CMO:0000278 An interval measured from the onset of the P wave in one PQRST wave complex to the onset of the P wave in the following PQRST wave complex. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ECG PP_Interval ECGOntology:ECG_000000011 mshimoyama 2010-06-17T03:36:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000279 urine bilirubin level CMO:0000279 The amount of amylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen, in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T03:41:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000280 urine amylase level CMO:0000280 The amount of amylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch and glycogen, in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of calcium in a specified volume of urine. Usually determined from a 24 hour volume of urine, expressed in mg of urine per kg of calcium per day or mg per 24 hours. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T03:42:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000281 urine calcium level CMO:0000281 The amount of calcium in a specified volume of urine. Usually determined from a 24 hour volume of urine, expressed in mg of urine per kg of calcium per day or mg per 24 hours. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ The amount of cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2010-06-17T03:50:25Z cortisol measurement EFO:0005843 clinical_measurement_ontology free cortisol CMO:0000282 urine cortisol level CMO:0000282 The amount of cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The force per unit area attributable to the carbon dioxide, a colorless, odorless, incombustible gas formed during respiration and composed of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen, dissolved in a specified volume of blood, defined as the force per unit area exerted by carbon dioxide in a mixture of gases in equilibrium with such a sample of blood at the same temperature. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T02:40:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology PaCO2 CMO:0000283 partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide (Pco2) CMO:0000283 The force per unit area attributable to the carbon dioxide, a colorless, odorless, incombustible gas formed during respiration and composed of one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen, dissolved in a specified volume of blood, defined as the force per unit area exerted by carbon dioxide in a mixture of gases in equilibrium with such a sample of blood at the same temperature. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T10:33:13Z serum carboxyhaemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology blood carbon monoxide level CMO:0000284 serum carboxyhemoglobin level CMO:0000284 A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Time for whole blood to clot after the addition of particulate activators. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T11:36:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000285 activated clotting time (ACT) CMO:0000285 Time for whole blood to clot after the addition of particulate activators. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the amount in blood of a molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T12:08:08Z EFO:0004504 serum hepcidin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000286 blood peptide hormone level CMO:0000286 Measurement of the amount in blood of a molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed mshimoyama 2010-06-25T12:08:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology ACTH corticotropin CMO:0000287 serum adrenocorticotropic hormone level (ACTH) CMO:0000287 Change in the amount of air breathed in and out between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T11:17:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000288 percent change in ventilation CMO:0000288 Change in the amount of air breathed in and out between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. RGD:MS The number of breaths taken by an organism per unit of time. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T11:30:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology breathing frequency pulmonary ventilation rate respiratory rate CMO:0000289 respiration rate CMO:0000289 The number of breaths taken by an organism per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell caculated by dividing the total mass of hemoglobin by the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T01:31:46Z CMO:0000122 EFO:0004527 MCH mean corpuscular haemoglobin level mean corpuscular hemoglobin mean corpuscular hemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000290 mean corpuscular hemoglobin CMO:0000290 The average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell caculated by dividing the total mass of hemoglobin by the number of red blood cells in a volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_corpuscular_hemoglobin This is a measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T01:32:50Z EFO:0004528 MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000291 mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration CMO:0000291 This is a measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. http://en.wikipedia.org The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures, i.e. the difference between the maximal arterial pressure and minimal arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle. mshimoyama 2010-06-25T01:54:10Z EFO:0005763 pulse pressure measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000292 pulse pressure CMO:0000292 The difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures, i.e. the difference between the maximal arterial pressure and minimal arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 In humans this measurement is commonly performed with the individual's arm extended perpendicular to the body and bent with the fingers pointing up so the angle at the elbow is 90 degrees. The greatest distance across the elbow joint is used for the measurement. mshimoyama 2010-08-04T09:43:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000293 elbow breadth CMO:0000293 In humans this measurement is commonly performed with the individual's arm extended perpendicular to the body and bent with the fingers pointing up so the angle at the elbow is 90 degrees. The greatest distance across the elbow joint is used for the measurement. Frisancho_and_Flegel:Frisancho_and_Flegel_1983 The count of the rhythmic contractions and expansions of an artery due to the surge of blood from the beat of the heart. mshimoyama 2010-08-04T10:37:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000294 pulse CMO:0000294 The count of the rhythmic contractions and expansions of an artery due to the surge of blood from the beat of the heart. http://www.medicinenet.com The measured distance from an individual's back to upper abdomen from midway between the top of the pelvis and the bottom of the ribs, commonly measured while the individual is upright. mshimoyama 2010-08-04T01:46:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000295 upright sagittal abdominal diameter CMO:0000295 The measured distance from an individual's back to upper abdomen from midway between the top of the pelvis and the bottom of the ribs, commonly measured while the individual is upright. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagittal_Abdominal_Diameter mshimoyama 2010-08-04T01:50:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000296 abdominal morphological measurement CMO:0000296 Measured distance between back and upper abdomen of an individual, midway between the top of the pelvis and bottom of the ribs while individual is in the supine position. mshimoyama 2010-08-04T01:51:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000297 supine abdominal height CMO:0000297 Measured distance between back and upper abdomen of an individual, midway between the top of the pelvis and bottom of the ribs while individual is in the supine position. http://en.wikipedia.org The difference between partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide between two points in time or two conditions. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T11:44:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000298 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide CMO:0000298 The difference between partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide between two points in time or two conditions. RGD:MS Difference in partial pressure of blood oxygen between two points in time or two conditions. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T11:47:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000299 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in partial pressure of blood oxygen CMO:0000299 Difference in partial pressure of blood oxygen between two points in time or two conditions. RGD:MS The difference in blood pH between two different points in time or between two different conditions. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T01:19:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000300 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in blood pH CMO:0000300 The difference in blood pH between two different points in time or between two different conditions. RGD:MS The measure of mass per unit of volume often used to determine body fat composition. Techniques often used include comparison of body weight inside and outside of water or a ratio of body volume and weight. Common formulas include body density equal to body weight divided by body volume minus residual lung volume or body density equal to body weight divided by the dividend of body weight minus water weight divided by the density of water minus residual lung volume. mshimoyama 2010-08-04T02:17:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000301 body density CMO:0000301 The measure of mass per unit of volume often used to determine body fat composition. Techniques often used include comparison of body weight inside and outside of water or a ratio of body volume and weight. Common formulas include body density equal to body weight divided by body volume minus residual lung volume or body density equal to body weight divided by the dividend of body weight minus water weight divided by the density of water minus residual lung volume. http://www.encyclopedia.com mshimoyama 2010-08-05T08:53:40Z EFO:0007800 body fat percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000302 body fat percentage CMO:0000302 Total body fat expressed as a percentage of body mass using the formula percent body fat equals 495 divided by body density minus 450. Often used for Caucasian men. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T08:54:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000303 body fat percentage, Siri equation CMO:0000303 Total body fat expressed as a percentage of body mass using the formula percent body fat equals 495 divided by body density minus 450. Often used for Caucasian men. http://www.topendsports.com The total amount of body fat calculated as fat mass index equal to fat weight divided by height squared. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:10:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000304 fat mass index (FMI) CMO:0000304 The total amount of body fat calculated as fat mass index equal to fat weight divided by height squared. Schutz_Kyle_and_Pichard:Schutz_et_al_2002 mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:19:24Z EFO:0005409 fat body mass clinical_measurement_ontology total body fat weight CMO:0000305 total body fat mass CMO:0000305 Portion of the body not comprised of lipids often calculated as fat free mass equal to fat free mass divided by height squared. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:21:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000306 fat free mass index (FFMI) CMO:0000306 Portion of the body not comprised of lipids often calculated as fat free mass equal to fat free mass divided by height squared. Schutz_Kyle_and_Pichard:Schutz_et_al_2002 The amount of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal exhalation. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:28:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000307 residual lung volume CMO:0000307 The amount of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal exhalation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Fat as a percentage of body weight using the formula percent body fat equal to 503.3 divided by body density minus 459.2. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:31:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000308 body fat percentage, Lohman equation CMO:0000308 Fat as a percentage of body weight using the formula percent body fat equal to 503.3 divided by body density minus 459.2. Lohman:Lohman_et_al_1986 Total body fat expressed as percentage of body weight using the formula percent fat equal to 437.4 divided by body density minus 392.8. Often used for African and African-American men. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:33:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000309 body fat percentage, Schutte equation CMO:0000309 Total body fat expressed as percentage of body weight using the formula percent fat equal to 437.4 divided by body density minus 392.8. Often used for African and African-American men. Schutte:Schutte_et_al_1984 Total body fat expressed as a percentage of body mass using the equation percent fat equal to 483.2 divided by body density minus 436.9. Often used for African or African-American women. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:35:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000310 body fat percentage, Ortiz equation CMO:0000310 Total body fat expressed as a percentage of body mass using the equation percent fat equal to 483.2 divided by body density minus 436.9. Often used for African or African-American women. Ortiz:Ortiz_et_al_1992 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the body region between the thorax and pelvis. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:40:43Z subcutaneous adipose tissue measurement visceral adipose tissue measurement EFO:0004765 EFO:0004766 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000311 abdominal fat morphological measurement CMO:0000311 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the body region between the thorax and pelvis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of body adipose tissue which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T09:43:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000312 calculated body fat morphological measurement CMO:0000312 A measurement of body adipose tissue which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. RGD:MS The weight of any or all of the adipose tissue types in the abdominal region. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T10:18:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000313 deleted Oct 24, 2019 abdominal fat weight true CMO:0000313 The weight of any or all of the adipose tissue types in the abdominal region. RGD:MS mshimoyama 2010-08-05T10:18:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000314 central abdominal fat pad weight CMO:0000314 Distance between the tips of the longest fingers with the arms maximally outstretched laterally. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T10:20:14Z EFO:0005108 arm span clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000315 arm span CMO:0000315 Distance between the tips of the longest fingers with the arms maximally outstretched laterally. Anton_and_Snodgrass:Bones_and_Behavior_Working_Group_2009 Distance around the upper trunk of an organism, typically taken at the maximum breadth. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T10:26:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000316 chest circumference CMO:0000316 Distance around the upper trunk of an organism, typically taken at the maximum breadth. RGD:MS The distance around one of the paired front or upper limbs of a quadruped in the region closest to the body. mshimoyama 2010-08-05T10:33:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000317 proximal forelimb circumference CMO:0000317 The distance around one of the paired front or upper limbs of a quadruped in the region closest to the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of hepatic cells, polyhedral epithelial cells that constitute the substance of a liver acinus, in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:17:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000318 hepatocyte count CMO:0000318 The number of hepatic cells, polyhedral epithelial cells that constitute the substance of a liver acinus, in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of islet cells which secrete insulin and make up the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:18:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000319 pancreatic beta cell count CMO:0000319 The number of islet cells which secrete insulin and make up the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of cells in a specified sample of the innermost coat lining of the interior of the eyeball. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:19:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000320 retina cell count true CMO:0000320 Number of cells in a specified sample of the innermost coat lining of the interior of the eyeball. Wikipedia:en.wikipedia.org Number of cells in a specified sample of the internal lining of a bronchus. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:20:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000321 bronchial epithelial cell count CMO:0000321 Number of cells in a specified sample of the internal lining of a bronchus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of osteoblasts, cells which arise from a fibroblast and are associated with the production of bone, in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:21:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000322 osteoblast cell count CMO:0000322 The number of osteoblasts, cells which arise from a fibroblast and are associated with the production of bone, in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of osteoclasts, multinuclear cells associated with the absorption and removal of bone, in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:21:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000323 osteoclast cell count CMO:0000323 The number of osteoclasts, multinuclear cells associated with the absorption and removal of bone, in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of Purkinje cells, neurons in the cerebellar cortex, in a specified tissue sample. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:21:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000324 Purkinje cell count CMO:0000324 The number of Purkinje cells, neurons in the cerebellar cortex, in a specified tissue sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of Schwann cells, large nucleated cells whose membranes spirally wrap axons of myelinated peripheral neurons, in a specified sample volume. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:22:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000325 Schwann cell count CMO:0000325 The number of Schwann cells, large nucleated cells whose membranes spirally wrap axons of myelinated peripheral neurons, in a specified sample volume. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of oocytes, immature female reproductive cells in a specified sample size. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:22:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000326 oocyte count CMO:0000326 Number of oocytes, immature female reproductive cells in a specified sample size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of mature male germ cells, sperm, in a specified volume of semen. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:22:40Z CMO:0000639 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000327 sperm count CMO:0000327 The number of mature male germ cells, sperm, in a specified volume of semen. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of neurons, conducting cells of the nervous system, in a specified sample. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:25:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology nerve cell count CMO:0000328 neuron count CMO:0000328 The number of neurons, conducting cells of the nervous system, in a specified sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:27:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000329 intestine morphological measurement CMO:0000329 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from end to end of the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric valve of the stomach to the anus. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:27:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000330 intestine length CMO:0000330 Distance from end to end of the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric valve of the stomach to the anus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:27:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000331 intestine weight CMO:0000331 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the pancreas, the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:28:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000332 pancreas morphological measurement CMO:0000332 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the pancreas, the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the pancreas, the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:28:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000333 pancreas weight CMO:0000333 The weight of the pancreas, the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the physical form or structure of either the right or the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:30:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000334 heart atrium morphological measurement CMO:0000334 Measurement of the physical form or structure of either the right or the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the left atrium of the heart, the upper chamber on the left which empties into the lower chamber. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:30:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000335 left atrium weight CMO:0000335 The weight of the left atrium of the heart, the upper chamber on the left which empties into the lower chamber. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the right atrium, the upper right chamber of the heart which empties into the lower right chamber, i.e. the right ventricle. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn to the earth by gravity. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:30:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000336 right atrium weight CMO:0000336 The weight of the right atrium, the upper right chamber of the heart which empties into the lower right chamber, i.e. the right ventricle. Weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measure of the capacity of the left heart atrium, the upper left chamber which empties into the lower heart chamber. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:30:56Z EFO:0600035 left atrial volume measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000337 left atrium volume CMO:0000337 A measure of the capacity of the left heart atrium, the upper left chamber which empties into the lower heart chamber. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measure of the three dimensional capacity of the right atrium of the heart, the upper right chamber which empties into the lower right chamber, i.e. the right ventricle. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:31:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000338 right atrium volume CMO:0000338 A measure of the three dimensional capacity of the right atrium of the heart, the upper right chamber which empties into the lower right chamber, i.e. the right ventricle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both ventricles of the heart, that is, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body. mshimoyama 2010-09-01T08:31:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000339 heart ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0000339 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both ventricles of the heart, that is, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T01:41:55Z CMO:0000140 both kidneys wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000340 both kidneys wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000340 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. mshimoyama 2010-11-01T10:33:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000341 tumor measurement CMO:0000341 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-09-21T04:38:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000342 plasma insulin level CMO:0000342 The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of tumors found within the mammary gland. mshimoyama 2010-11-01T10:35:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000343 mammary tumor number CMO:0000343 The number of tumors found within the mammary gland. RGD:MS The change is size between two points in time for a tumor found within the mammary gland. mshimoyama 2010-11-01T10:37:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000344 mammary tumor growth rate CMO:0000344 The change is size between two points in time for a tumor found within the mammary gland. RGD:MS The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of tumor in the mammary gland following the administration of a tumor causing agent. mshimoyama 2010-11-01T10:37:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology mammary tumor latency measurement mammary tumor latency period mammary tumor latent period CMO:0000345 post-insult time to mammary tumor formation CMO:0000345 The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of tumor in the mammary gland following the administration of a tumor causing agent. RGD:MS The length of a transverse line moving from side to side through the center of a tumor located in the mammary gland. mshimoyama 2010-11-01T10:44:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000346 mammary tumor diameter CMO:0000346 The length of a transverse line moving from side to side through the center of a tumor located in the mammary gland. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the mammary gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. mshimoyama 2010-11-02T09:14:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000347 mammary tumor measurement CMO:0000347 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the mammary gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of a tumor found within a mammary gland. mshimoyama 2010-11-02T02:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000348 mammary tumor weight CMO:0000348 The weight of a tumor found within a mammary gland. RGD:MS The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2010-11-08T01:45:04Z EFO:0004466 fasting blood insulin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000349 blood insulin level CMO:0000349 The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. mshimoyama 2010-11-08T03:31:06Z glucose AUC blood glucose AUC clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000350 blood glucose level area under curve (AUC) CMO:0000350 A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. mshimoyama 2010-11-08T03:54:32Z blood insulin AUC clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000351 blood insulin level area under curve (AUC) CMO:0000351 A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2010-11-09T09:35:22Z EFO:0010120 fasting blood glucose change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000352 calculated blood glucose level CMO:0000352 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2010-11-09T11:38:51Z EFO:0004471 insulin sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000353 calculated blood insulin level CMO:0000353 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed mshimoyama 2010-11-09T11:39:20Z EFO:0006830 EFO:0006831 clinical_measurement_ontology acute insulin response measurement insulin metabolic clearance rate measurement CMO:0000354 change in blood insulin level CMO:0000354 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue attached to the membranous fold or mesentery of the abdomen. mshimoyama 2010-11-10T10:57:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000355 mesenteric fat pad weight CMO:0000355 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue attached to the membranous fold or mesentery of the abdomen. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found posterior to the peritoneum. mshimoyama 2010-11-10T10:58:18Z RetroFat clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000356 retroperitoneal fat pad weight CMO:0000356 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue found posterior to the peritoneum. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. mshimoyama 2010-11-10T11:00:55Z EpiFat gonadal fat pad weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000357 epididymal fat pad weight CMO:0000357 Weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2010-11-11T11:39:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000358 serum insulin level CMO:0000358 The amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2010-11-11T11:40:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000359 calculated serum insulin level CMO:0000359 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. mshimoyama 2010-11-12T09:44:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000360 serum triglyceride level CMO:0000360 The amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. mshimoyama 2010-11-12T09:46:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum HDL level serum HDL-C level CMO:0000361 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000361 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. mshimoyama 2010-11-12T09:46:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum LDL level serum LDL-C level CMO:0000362 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000362 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2010-11-12T09:46:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum TC level CMO:0000363 serum total cholesterol level CMO:0000363 Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The calculation of the cellular elements of the blood, usually including cell counts for white and red blood cells and platelets. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T09:32:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CBC CMO:0000364 complete blood cell count true CMO:0000364 The calculation of the cellular elements of the blood, usually including cell counts for white and red blood cells and platelets. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The total number of leukocytes in a designated volume of blood. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:22:15Z total leukocyte count total white corpuscle count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000365 total white blood cell count CMO:0000365 The total number of leukocytes in a designated volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of each type of leukocyte present in a specific volume of blood, usually 1 cubic millimeter. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:24:28Z blood differential leukocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology blood differential WBC count CMO:0000366 blood differential white blood cell count CMO:0000366 The number of each type of leukocyte present in a specific volume of blood, usually 1 cubic millimeter. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of all granulocytes (regardless of type) in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:35:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology granulocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells granulocyte count to total WBC count ratio granulocyte count to total white blood cell count ratio granulocyte percentage CMO:0000367 blood granulocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000367 A calculated measurement in which the number of all granulocytes (regardless of type) in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of basophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A basophil is a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, relatively pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm containing coarse granules of variable size that stain bluish-black when exposed to basic dyes. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:36:27Z EFO:0007992 basophil percentage of leukocytes clinical_measurement_ontology basophil count as percentage of total white blood cells basophil count to total WBC count ratio basophil count to total white blood cell count ratio basophil granulocyte percentage basophil percentage CMO:0000368 blood basophil count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000368 A calculated measurement in which the number of basophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A basophil is a granular leukocyte with an irregularly shaped, relatively pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm containing coarse granules of variable size that stain bluish-black when exposed to basic dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of eosinophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. An eosinophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with two lobes connected by a thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules of uniform size that stain readily with eosin and other acid dyes. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:38:12Z EFO:0007991 eosinophil percentage of leukocytes clinical_measurement_ontology eosinophil count as percentage of total white blood cells eosinophil count to total WBC count ratio eosinophil granulocyte percentage eosinophil percentage CMO:0000369 blood eosinophil count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000369 A calculated measurement in which the number of eosinophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. An eosinophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with two lobes connected by a thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules of uniform size that stain readily with eosin and other acid dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A neutrophil is, or is in the process of becoming, a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:39:37Z EFO:0007990 neutrophil granulocyte percentage neutrophil percentage of leukocytes clinical_measurement_ontology neutrophil count as percentage of total white blood cells neutrophil count to total WBC count ratio neutrophil percentage polymorphonuclear cell percentage CMO:0000370 blood neutrophil count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000370 A calculated measurement in which the number of neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A neutrophil is, or is in the process of becoming, a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:45:39Z EFO:0007993 lymphocyte percentage of leukocytes clinical_measurement_ontology lymphocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells lymphocyte count to total WBC count ratio lymphocyte percentage CMO:0000371 blood lymphocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000371 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of B lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:47:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology B lymphocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells B lymphocyte count to total WBC count ratio B lymphocyte percentage CMO:0000372 blood B lymphocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000372 A calculated measurement in which the number of B lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:48:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology T lymphocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells T lymphocyte count to total WBC count ratio T lymphocyte percentage CMO:0000373 blood T lymphocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000373 A calculated measurement in which the number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of monocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:52:32Z EFO:0007989 monocyte percentage of leukocytes clinical_measurement_ontology monocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells monocyte count to total WBC count ratio monocyte percentage CMO:0000374 blood monocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0000374 A calculated measurement in which the number of monocytes in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more white blood cells, any of various blood cells that have a nucleus and cytoplasm, separate into a thin white layer when whole blood is centrifuged, and help protect the body from infection and disease. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T10:54:31Z calculated leukocyte measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000375 calculated white blood cell measurement CMO:0000375 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more white blood cells, any of various blood cells that have a nucleus and cytoplasm, separate into a thin white layer when whole blood is centrifuged, and help protect the body from infection and disease. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The complete or entire amount of bilirubin in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Bilirubin is the bile pigment produced by breakdown of heme and reduction of biliverdin. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T11:30:05Z EFO:0004570 bilirubin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000376 serum total bilirubin level CMO:0000376 The complete or entire amount of bilirubin in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Bilirubin is the bile pigment produced by breakdown of heme and reduction of biliverdin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The level of calcium ions in a specified volume of plasma. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T12:17:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000377 plasma ionized calcium level CMO:0000377 The level of calcium ions in a specified volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of calcium ions and protein bound calcium in a specified volume of plasma. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T01:18:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000378 total plasma calcium level CMO:0000378 The amount of calcium ions and protein bound calcium in a specified volume of plasma. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Blood pH is a measure of its acidity and is determined by the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a specified sample of blood. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T02:36:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000379 blood pH CMO:0000379 Blood pH is a measure of its acidity and is determined by the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration in a specified sample of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Total volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest inspiratory effort. mshimoyama 2010-12-16T01:24:14Z EFO:0600046 lung volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000380 total lung capacity CMO:0000380 Total volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest inspiratory effort. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The force per unit area attributable to the oxygen, the chemical element with atomic number 8 which is the essential agent in the respiration of plants and animals, dissolved in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2010-12-13T03:58:25Z PO2 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000381 partial pressure of blood oxygen CMO:0000381 The force per unit area attributable to the oxygen, the chemical element with atomic number 8 which is the essential agent in the respiration of plants and animals, dissolved in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of chloride ions in a specific volume of urine. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T10:27:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000382 urine chloride level CMO:0000382 The amount of chloride ions in a specific volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of glucose in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T10:31:33Z EFO:0020075 urine glucose measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000383 urine glucose level CMO:0000383 The amount of glucose in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of microalbumin, that is, a level of albumin in the urine which is above normal but not detectable with routine protein testing, is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. Often expressed as microalbumin concentration divided by creatinine concentration times 1000 mg per gram. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T10:38:56Z EFO:0007778 urinary albumin to creatinine ratio clinical_measurement_ontology urine microalbumin-creatinine ratio CMO:0000384 urine albumin level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0000384 A calculated measurement in which the amount of microalbumin, that is, a level of albumin in the urine which is above normal but not detectable with routine protein testing, is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. Often expressed as microalbumin concentration divided by creatinine concentration times 1000 mg per gram. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of dissolved particles in a specified volume of urine. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T10:43:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000385 urine osmolality CMO:0000385 The number of dissolved particles in a specified volume of urine. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The color of urine voided from the body. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T11:03:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000386 urine color CMO:0000386 The color of urine voided from the body. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of an anterior appendage such as a leg or the homologous structure in other animals. In quadrupeds, the appendage(s) closest to the head of the animal. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T01:05:23Z front limb morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology arm morphological measurement CMO:0000387 forelimb morphological measurement CMO:0000387 Measurement of the physical form or structure of an anterior appendage such as a leg or the homologous structure in other animals. In quadrupeds, the appendage(s) closest to the head of the animal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of a posterior appendage such as a leg or the homologous structure in other animals. In quadrupeds, the appendage(s) farthest from the head of the animal. mshimoyama 2010-12-17T01:06:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology back leg morphological measurement hind leg morphological measurement CMO:0000388 hind limb morphological measurement CMO:0000388 Measurement of the physical form or structure of a posterior appendage such as a leg or the homologous structure in other animals. In quadrupeds, the appendage(s) farthest from the head of the animal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hindlimb?r=66 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:41:32Z EFO:0006923 fertility measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000389 reproduction measurement CMO:0000389 The age, that is, the duration of the life of a female bird at the point in time when her initial egg is laid; the earliest or youngest age at which a specific individual has produced an egg. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:42:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000390 maternal age at first egg production CMO:0000390 The age, that is, the duration of the life of a female bird at the point in time when her initial egg is laid; the earliest or youngest age at which a specific individual has produced an egg. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed The age, that is, the duration of the life of the mother at the point in time when her final offspring is born; the latest or oldest age at which a specific individual has given birth. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:42:39Z EFO:0009440 age at last pregnancy measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000391 maternal age at birth of last offspring CMO:0000391 The age, that is, the duration of the life of the mother at the point in time when her final offspring is born; the latest or oldest age at which a specific individual has given birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:43:09Z EFO:0007888 clinical_measurement_ontology age at voice drop CMO:0000392 age of puberty CMO:0000392 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:44:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000393 size of newly born offspring CMO:0000393 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:45:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000394 time interval between offspring CMO:0000394 Weight of the yellow portion of the egg of a bird. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:29:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000395 egg yolk weight, fowl CMO:0000395 Weight of the yellow portion of the egg of a bird. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of eggs laid by a bird divided by the number of days over which the eggs are produced. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:47:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000396 egg production rate, fowl CMO:0000396 Number of eggs laid by a bird divided by the number of days over which the eggs are produced. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:49:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000397 egg number, fowl CMO:0000397 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:49:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000398 ejaculation measurement CMO:0000398 The length of time required from start to finish for the expulsion of semen from the male urethra. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:50:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000399 ejaculation duration CMO:0000399 The length of time required from start to finish for the expulsion of semen from the male urethra. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:51:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000400 fertilization measurement CMO:0000400 The quantity determined by count of the number of embryos which have undergone cell division in a group of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization, the union of male and female germ cells outside the body, in an artificial environment such as in a laboratory medium. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T11:51:42Z cleaved embryo number, post IVF treatment clinical_measurement_ontology post IVF treatment cleaved embryo number CMO:0000401 cleaved embryo number following in vitro fertilization CMO:0000401 The quantity determined by count of the number of embryos which have undergone cell division in a group of embryos produced by in vitro fertilization, the union of male and female germ cells outside the body, in an artificial environment such as in a laboratory medium. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of all or part of an ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings, of a bird. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:27:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000402 egg measurement, fowl CMO:0000402 Any measurement of all or part of an ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings, of a bird. QTLdb:CAP The height of the egg yolk of a bird divided by the diameter of the yolk. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:32:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000403 egg yolk height to diameter ratio, fowl CMO:0000403 The height of the egg yolk of a bird divided by the diameter of the yolk. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Measurement of the physical form or structure of any organ which is part of the complex of female gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:34:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000404 female reproductive organ morphological measurement CMO:0000404 Measurement of the physical form or structure of any organ which is part of the complex of female gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:34:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000405 ovary weight CMO:0000405 The weight of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:34:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000406 single ovary weight CMO:0000406 The weight of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The total weight of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:35:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000407 both ovaries weight CMO:0000407 The total weight of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance between the two ends of one of the tubular extensions from the uterine body to which the uterine tube is connected. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:41:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000408 uterine horn length CMO:0000408 Distance between the two ends of one of the tubular extensions from the uterine body to which the uterine tube is connected. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:44:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000409 right uterine horn length CMO:0000409 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:45:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000410 left uterine horn length CMO:0000410 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:45:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000411 uterine horn weight CMO:0000411 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:45:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000412 right uterine horn weight CMO:0000412 mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:45:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000413 left uterine horn weight CMO:0000413 Measurement of the physical form or structure of any part of the structure of the mammary gland, the specialized gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:50:30Z EFO:0004884 breast size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000414 mammary gland morphological measurement true CMO:0000414 Measurement of the physical form or structure of any part of the structure of the mammary gland, the specialized gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from the floor of the udder, the mammary organ or cattle and certain other mammals, to the point at the top where it joins the body wall. The udder is a large bag like envelope containing two or more glands, each having a teat. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:50:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000415 udder height CMO:0000415 Distance from the floor of the udder, the mammary organ or cattle and certain other mammals, to the point at the top where it joins the body wall. The udder is a large bag like envelope containing two or more glands, each having a teat. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 QTLdb:animal_QTL_data mshimoyama 2010-12-28T01:54:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000416 udder measurement CMO:0000416 Distance from side to side of the udder, the mammary organ of cattle and certain other mammals, at the top of the rear attachment to the body. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:07:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000417 udder width CMO:0000417 Distance from side to side of the udder, the mammary organ of cattle and certain other mammals, at the top of the rear attachment to the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Measure of increase in size of an organism over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:18:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000418 growth measurement CMO:0000418 Measure of increase in size of an organism over a specified period of time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Average increase in weight per day as calculated from total weight gain over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:21:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000419 average daily body weight gain CMO:0000419 Average increase in weight per day as calculated from total weight gain over a specified period of time. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Increase in an organism's body weight over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:22:36Z EFO:0004566 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000420 body weight gain CMO:0000420 Increase in an organism's body weight over a specified period of time. RGD:MS Measure of the body of an organism after slaughter, with particular parts removed, often the head, hide or skin and internal organs. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:25:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000421 carcass morphological measurement CMO:0000421 Measure of the body of an organism after slaughter, with particular parts removed, often the head, hide or skin and internal organs. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Distance from end to end of animal after slaughter and removal of the head. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T02:35:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000422 carcass length CMO:0000422 Distance from end to end of animal after slaughter and removal of the head. RGD:MS Length of time a female and male pair are in position for sexual union. mshimoyama 2010-12-28T03:22:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000423 copulation duration CMO:0000423 Length of time a female and male pair are in position for sexual union. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:34:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000424 forelimb weight CMO:0000424 The weight of one of the paired anterior appendages of birds usually consisting of the humerus, radius, ulna, and metacarpus and all associated muscle and skin. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:35:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000425 wing weight CMO:0000425 The weight of one of the paired anterior appendages of birds usually consisting of the humerus, radius, ulna, and metacarpus and all associated muscle and skin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 QTLdb:animal_QTL_data The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter related to intake or ingestion, especially of food or drink, or a value resulting from such a quantification. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:44:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000426 consumption measurement CMO:0000426 The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter related to intake or ingestion, especially of food or drink, or a value resulting from such a quantification. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumption Amount of food consumed over a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:45:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000427 food intake rate CMO:0000427 Amount of food consumed over a specified period of time. RGD:MS Measurement of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the posterior part of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:47:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000428 back fat morphological measurement CMO:0000428 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the posterior part of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total weight of all adipose tissue located in the posterior region of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:54:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000429 back fat weight CMO:0000429 Total weight of all adipose tissue located in the posterior region of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the posterior part of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:58:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000430 calculated back fat morphological measurement CMO:0000430 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the adipose tissue in the posterior part of the trunk, usually from the neck to the pelvis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Weight of subcutaneous fat along the back expressed as a percentage of total body or carcass weight. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T09:58:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000431 back fat percentage CMO:0000431 Weight of subcutaneous fat along the back expressed as a percentage of total body or carcass weight. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Depth of adipose tissue located in the area posterior part of the trunk. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T10:00:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000432 back fat thickness CMO:0000432 Depth of adipose tissue located in the area posterior part of the trunk. RGD:MS Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the 10th rib. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T10:01:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000433 back fat thickness, 10th rib CMO:0000433 Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the 10th rib. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior area of the trunk, at the midpoint of the body length. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T10:04:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000434 back fat thickness, midpoint CMO:0000434 Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior area of the trunk, at the midpoint of the body length. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Depth of the adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area located at the region of the third lumbar vertebra. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T10:05:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000435 back fat thickness, 3rd lumbar vertebra CMO:0000435 Depth of the adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area located at the region of the third lumbar vertebra. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area located in the region of the 1st rib. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T10:27:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000436 back fat thickness, 1st rib CMO:0000436 Depth of adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area located in the region of the 1st rib. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Measurement of the physical form or structure of the bony framework of the body or a portion of this framework. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:07:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology skeletal morphological measurement CMO:0000437 skeleton morphological measurement CMO:0000437 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the bony framework of the body or a portion of this framework. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of bones of the spinal column. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:08:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000438 vertebrae number CMO:0000438 Number of bones of the spinal column. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from first vertebra to last vertebra making up the spinal column. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:10:41Z total length of vertebrae total length of vertebral column clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000439 spinal column length CMO:0000439 Distance from first vertebra to last vertebra making up the spinal column. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The distance from one end to the other of the ulna, the major bone of the forelimb. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:13:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000440 ulna length CMO:0000440 The distance from one end to the other of the ulna, the major bone of the forelimb. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the appendage extending from the posterior end of the trunk. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:15:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000441 tail weight CMO:0000441 Weight of the appendage extending from the posterior end of the trunk. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from one end to the other of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:18:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000442 femur length CMO:0000442 Distance from one end to the other of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measure of the physical form or structure of one or more bones the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:20:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000443 bone morphological measurement CMO:0000443 Measure of the physical form or structure of one or more bones the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the heaviness of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:21:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000444 femur weight CMO:0000444 Measurement of the heaviness of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The number of teats, protuberances on the mammary glands, breasts or udders of female mammals through which milk is excreted. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:23:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000445 teat number CMO:0000445 The number of teats, protuberances on the mammary glands, breasts or udders of female mammals through which milk is excreted. Encarta:Encarta_World_English_Dictionary Distance between any two teats, protuberances from the breasts, mammary glands or udders of female mammals, which excrete milk. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:25:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000446 interteat distance CMO:0000446 Distance between any two teats, protuberances from the breasts, mammary glands or udders of female mammals, which excrete milk. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Distance from top of teat attached to mammary gland, breast or udder to the part of the teat farthest away. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:27:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000447 teat length CMO:0000447 Distance from top of teat attached to mammary gland, breast or udder to the part of the teat farthest away. RGD:MS Aggregated weight of all muscle tissue from a single individual. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:31:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000448 total muscle weight CMO:0000448 Aggregated weight of all muscle tissue from a single individual. RGD:MS The number of vertebrae in the spinal column within the thorax, the middle portion of the spinal column usually extending from the neck to the thoracic diaphragm, encased by the ribs. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:32:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000449 thoracic vertebrae number CMO:0000449 The number of vertebrae in the spinal column within the thorax, the middle portion of the spinal column usually extending from the neck to the thoracic diaphragm, encased by the ribs. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:36:27Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000450 tibia length CMO:0000450 Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The weight of the tibia, the major bone of the lower portion of the hindlimb, which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:37:42Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000451 tibia weight CMO:0000451 The weight of the tibia, the major bone of the lower portion of the hindlimb, which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Total amount of time spent consuming food during a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T02:39:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000452 food intake duration CMO:0000452 Total amount of time spent consuming food during a specified period of time. RGD:MS Distance across the tibia, the major bone of the lower portion of the hindlimb, taken midway between the two ends of the bone. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:09:23Z MA:0001361 mid-tibia width clinical_measurement_ontology tibia midshaft diameter CMO:0000453 tibia midshaft width CMO:0000453 Distance across the tibia, the major bone of the lower portion of the hindlimb, taken midway between the two ends of the bone. QTLdb:CAP Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Total amount of time spent consuming liquids during a specified period of time. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:15:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000454 drink intake duration CMO:0000454 Total amount of time spent consuming liquids during a specified period of time. RGD:MS Amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed per unit time. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:16:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000455 drink intake rate CMO:0000455 Amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measure of a single or group of fat cells, connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:39:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000456 adipocyte measurement CMO:0000456 A measure of a single or group of fat cells, connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance around a carcass taken in a parallel plane just above the anal opening. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:48:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000457 carcass circumference, butt CMO:0000457 Distance around a carcass taken in a parallel plane just above the anal opening. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data The weight of an animal's body after slaughter with particular parts removed, often the head, internal organs and skin or hide. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:51:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000458 carcass weight CMO:0000458 The weight of an animal's body after slaughter with particular parts removed, often the head, internal organs and skin or hide. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data The distance from end to end of a single cervical vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A cervical vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the neck region of the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:54:47Z vertebra length, cervical clinical_measurement_ontology cervical vertebra height CMO:0000459 cervical vertebra length CMO:0000459 The distance from end to end of a single cervical vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A cervical vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the neck region of the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Distance from end to end of the expanse of the spinal column made up of cervical vertebrae, which constitutes the neck skeletal frame. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T03:56:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology total length of cervical vertebrae CMO:0000460 cervical vertebral column length CMO:0000460 Distance from end to end of the expanse of the spinal column made up of cervical vertebrae, which constitutes the neck skeletal frame. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Aggregated weight of all the bones making up the skeleton or hard framework of an individual organism's body. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:02:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000461 total skeletal weight CMO:0000461 Aggregated weight of all the bones making up the skeleton or hard framework of an individual organism's body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Aggregated weight of bones constituting the carcass of an animal after slaughter usually with portions removed such as the head. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:03:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000462 carcass skeletal weight CMO:0000462 Aggregated weight of bones constituting the carcass of an animal after slaughter usually with portions removed such as the head. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from side to side of an organism's body after slaughter often with parts removed such as the head, skin or hide and internal organs. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:06:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000463 carcass width CMO:0000463 Distance from side to side of an organism's body after slaughter often with parts removed such as the head, skin or hide and internal organs. RGD:MS Weight of the diaphragm, the muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:17:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000464 diaphragm weight CMO:0000464 Weight of the diaphragm, the muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Volume of food consumed in a single feeding episode. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:21:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology food intake volume, single feeding CMO:0000465 single feeding food intake volume CMO:0000465 Volume of food consumed in a single feeding episode. RGD:MS Weight of food consumed in a single feeding episode. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:23:19Z food intake weight, single feeding clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000466 single feeding food intake weight CMO:0000466 Weight of food consumed in a single feeding episode. RGD:MS Duration of pregnancy from time of fertilization of the oocyte until birth. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:26:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000467 gestation period length CMO:0000467 Duration of pregnancy from time of fertilization of the oocyte until birth. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of horns, pointed projections often found in pairs, on the head of an individual animal. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:30:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000468 horn number CMO:0000468 Number of horns, pointed projections often found in pairs, on the head of an individual animal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance from end to end of the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:34:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000469 humerus length CMO:0000469 Distance from end to end of the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of the proximal end of the intestine extending from the pyloric valve to the cecum. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:38:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000470 small intestine weight CMO:0000470 Weight of the proximal end of the intestine extending from the pyloric valve to the cecum. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight of t the distal portion of the intestine extending from its junction with the small intestine to the anus. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:43:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000471 large intestine weight CMO:0000471 Weight of t the distal portion of the intestine extending from its junction with the small intestine to the anus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of teats located on the left side of an animal. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:44:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000472 teat number, left CMO:0000472 Number of teats located on the left side of an animal. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data Number of teats located on the right side of an animal. mshimoyama 2010-12-29T04:45:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000473 teat number, right CMO:0000473 Number of teats located on the right side of an animal. QTLdb:animal_QTL_data The distance from first cervical vertebra to pelvis on an animal after slaughter. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T09:11:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000474 carcass length, first cervical vertebra to pelvis CMO:0000474 The distance from first cervical vertebra to pelvis on an animal after slaughter. RGD:MS The distance from the first rib to pelvis on an animal after slaughter. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T09:12:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000475 carcass length, first rib to pelvis CMO:0000475 The distance from the first rib to pelvis on an animal after slaughter. RGD:MS The number of fat cells in a specified sample of adipose tissue. A fat cell is a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T09:26:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000476 adipocyte count CMO:0000476 The number of fat cells in a specified sample of adipose tissue. A fat cell is a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement related to immunoglobulin, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T12:33:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000477 plasma immunoglobulin measurement CMO:0000477 Any measurement related to immunoglobulin, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T12:43:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000478 plasma antibody level CMO:0000478 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T01:24:29Z plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000479 plasma E. coli specific antibody level CMO:0000479 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with a sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in a specific volume of plasma taken at a determined time point following a directed exposure to E. coli. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T01:29:33Z plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level, post challenge clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000480 plasma E. coli specific antibody level, post challenge CMO:0000480 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with a sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in a specific volume of plasma taken at a determined time point following a directed exposure to E. coli. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS The amount of an immunoglobulin with a sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in a specific volume of plasma taken at a determined time point following vaccination for E. coli. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T01:34:48Z plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level, post vaccination clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000481 plasma E. coli specific antibody level, post vaccination CMO:0000481 The amount of an immunoglobulin with a sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in a specific volume of plasma taken at a determined time point following vaccination for E. coli. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS The difference in the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in specified volumes of plasma taken before vaccination and at a determined time point after vaccination. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T01:37:29Z change in plasma E. coli specific antibody level after vaccination plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level change, post vaccination clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000482 plasma E. coli specific antibody level change, post vaccination CMO:0000482 The difference in the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with sequence that binds to Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria, in specified volumes of plasma taken before vaccination and at a determined time point after vaccination. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS The difference in the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with sequence that binds to Eschericia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria in specified volumes of plasma taken before a directed E. coli exposure and at a determined time point after E. coli challenge. mshimoyama 2010-12-30T01:40:45Z change in plasma E. coli specific antibody level after challenge plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level change, post challenge clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000483 plasma E. coli specific antibody level change, post challenge CMO:0000483 The difference in the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with sequence that binds to Eschericia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacteria in specified volumes of plasma taken before a directed E. coli exposure and at a determined time point after E. coli challenge. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:MS mshimoyama 2011-01-04T11:19:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000484 adipose tissue molecular composition measurement CMO:0000484 Amount of adiponectin, a hormone that modulates glucose regulation and fatty acid catabolism, in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T11:21:32Z EFO:0004502 adiponectin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000485 blood adiponectin level CMO:0000485 Amount of adiponectin, a hormone that modulates glucose regulation and fatty acid catabolism, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of adiponectin, a hormone that modulates glucose regulation and fatty acid catabolism, in a specified sample of adipose tissue. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T11:23:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000486 adipose tissue adiponectin level CMO:0000486 The amount of adiponectin, a hormone that modulates glucose regulation and fatty acid catabolism, in a specified sample of adipose tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex which acts as a mineralocorticoid, found in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T11:34:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000487 serum aldosterone level CMO:0000487 The amount of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex which acts as a mineralocorticoid, found in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of carbonic acid dissolved in carbon dioxide and carbonate ion found in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T12:01:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000488 serum bicarbonate level CMO:0000488 The amount of carbonic acid dissolved in carbon dioxide and carbonate ion found in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of chloride ions found in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T12:06:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000489 serum chloride level CMO:0000489 The amount of chloride ions found in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Glomerular filtration rate describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. It is calculated by comparative measurements of substances (ex. creatinine or inulin) in the blood and urine over a designated period of time. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:41:58Z EFO:0005208 glomerular filtration rate Calculated GFR cGFR eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000490 glomerular filtration rate CMO:0000490 Glomerular filtration rate describes the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. It is calculated by comparative measurements of substances (ex. creatinine or inulin) in the blood and urine over a designated period of time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_function#Glomerular_filtration_rate mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:48:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000491 blood glomerular filtration rate, Diet in Renal Disease Formula (MDRD) CMO:0000491 A calculated measurement which estimates the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), that is, the volume of fluid filtered from the renal capillaries per unit time, based on the serum creatinine level and adjusted for gender. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:48:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000492 blood glomerular filtration rate, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula (CKE-EPI) CMO:0000492 A calculated measurement which estimates the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), that is, the volume of fluid filtered from the renal capillaries per unit time, based on the serum creatinine level and adjusted for gender. PMID:19414839 mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:50:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000493 blood glomerular filtration rate, May Quadratic formula CMO:0000493 mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:50:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000494 blood glomerular filtration rate, Schwartz formula CMO:0000494 Amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:52:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000495 serum potassium level CMO:0000495 Amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:53:16Z potassium measurement EFO:0009283 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000496 blood potassium level CMO:0000496 The amount of potassium ions in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of chloride ions in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:54:11Z chloride measurement EFO:0009284 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000497 blood chloride level CMO:0000497 The amount of chloride ions in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:54:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000498 blood bicarbonate level CMO:0000498 The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:55:51Z sodium measurement EFO:0009282 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000499 blood sodium level CMO:0000499 The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T02:56:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000500 serum sodium level CMO:0000500 The amount of sodium ions in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T03:05:36Z urate measurement uric acid measurement EFO:0004531 EFO:0004761 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000501 blood uric acid level CMO:0000501 The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org The amount of calcium ions in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T03:13:20Z calcium measurement EFO:0004838 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000502 blood calcium level CMO:0000502 The amount of calcium ions in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of calcium ions in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T03:15:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000503 serum calcium level CMO:0000503 The amount of calcium ions in a specified volume of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-04T03:28:18Z EFO:0010972 blood phosphate measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood inorganic phosphate level blood inorganic phosphorus level CMO:0000504 blood phosphate level CMO:0000504 The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2011-01-04T03:28:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000505 blood magnesium level CMO:0000505 The amount of hemoglobin, the red oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, in a specified volume of blood, as calculated from the optical density of a solution of lysed red cells in which hemoglobin has been converted to cyanomethemoglobin and measured with a spectrophotometer. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T08:36:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology hemoglobin absorbance CMO:0000506 hemoglobin concentration true CMO:0000506 The amount of hemoglobin, the red oxygen-carrying pigment of erythrocytes, in a specified volume of blood, as calculated from the optical density of a solution of lysed red cells in which hemoglobin has been converted to cyanomethemoglobin and measured with a spectrophotometer. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The optical density as calculated from the intensity of light at a specified wavelength as it passes through a solution of lysed red blood cells. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:20:10Z haemoglobin absorbance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000507 hemoglobin absorbance CMO:0000507 The optical density as calculated from the intensity of light at a specified wavelength as it passes through a solution of lysed red blood cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measure of the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:20:32Z EFO:0004509 EFO:0005845 haemoglobin measurement hemoglobin measurement hemoglobin A2 measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000508 hemoglobin measurement CMO:0000508 A measure of the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of androstenedione, an androgenic steroid produced by the testis, adrenal cortex and ovary, in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:41:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000509 blood androstenedione level CMO:0000509 The amount of androstenedione, an androgenic steroid produced by the testis, adrenal cortex and ovary, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:42:21Z dehydroepiandrosterone measurement EFO:0010240 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000510 blood dehydroepiandrosterone level CMO:0000510 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:42:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000511 blood dihydrotestosterone level CMO:0000511 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:43:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000512 blood testosterone level CMO:0000512 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:43:25Z EFO:0004697 estradiol measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000513 blood estradiol level CMO:0000513 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T09:43:43Z dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate measurement EFO:0007001 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000514 blood progesterone level CMO:0000514 The amount of cortisol, the major natural glucocorticoid synthesized in the adrenal cortex and which affects the metabolism of glucose, protein and fats, in a specific volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:02:46Z cortisol measurement EFO:0004642 EFO:0005843 cortisol secretion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000515 blood cortisol level CMO:0000515 The amount of cortisol, the major natural glucocorticoid synthesized in the adrenal cortex and which affects the metabolism of glucose, protein and fats, in a specific volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of cortisol, a glucocorticoid which affects the metabolism of glucose, protein and fats, in a specified volume of serum. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:04:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000516 serum cortisol level CMO:0000516 The amount of cortisol, a glucocorticoid which affects the metabolism of glucose, protein and fats, in a specified volume of serum. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, which acts as a mineralcorticoid, found in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:08:30Z aldosterone measurement EFO:0010219 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000517 blood aldosterone level CMO:0000517 The amount of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex, which acts as a mineralcorticoid, found in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of apolipoprotein, any or all of the protein constituents of lipoproteins found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:16:40Z CMO:0000552 EFO:0007848 apolipoprotein A-IV measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000518 blood apolipoprotein level CMO:0000518 The amount of apolipoprotein, any or all of the protein constituents of lipoproteins found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of apolipoprotein A, a class of apolipoproteins that occur primarily in high density lipoproteins, in a specified volume of blood. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:20:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000519 blood apolipoprotein A level CMO:0000519 The amount of apolipoprotein A, a class of apolipoproteins that occur primarily in high density lipoproteins, in a specified volume of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:23:03Z EFO:0004614 apolipoprotein A 1 measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000520 blood apolipoprotein AI level CMO:0000520 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:23:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000521 blood apolipoprotein AII level CMO:0000521 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:23:51Z EFO:0004615 apolipoprotein B measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000522 blood apoliprotein B level CMO:0000522 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:24:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000523 calculated blood apolipoprotein level CMO:0000523 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:25:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000524 blood apolipoprotein AI to apolipoprotein B ratio CMO:0000524 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:26:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000525 blood low density lipoprotein specific apolipoprotein B level CMO:0000525 mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:28:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000526 blood very low density lipoprotein specific apolipoprotein B level CMO:0000526 Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2011-01-05T10:33:25Z chylomicron measurement EFO:0008596 EFO:0020901 chylomicron change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000527 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood chylomicron level CMO:0000527 Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Blood pressure measured in the pulmonary artery during diastole, that is, during dilation or relaxation of the heart ventricles. mshimoyama 2011-01-21T08:57:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000528 pulmonary arterial diastolic blood pressure CMO:0000528 Blood pressure measured in the pulmonary artery during diastole, that is, during dilation or relaxation of the heart ventricles. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Blood pressure measured in the pulmonary artery during systole, that is, during contraction of the heart ventricles. mshimoyama 2011-01-21T08:58:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000529 pulmonary arterial systolic blood pressure CMO:0000529 Blood pressure measured in the pulmonary artery during systole, that is, during contraction of the heart ventricles. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. mshimoyama 2011-01-21T09:42:17Z CMO:0000540 EFO:0009290 PMID:24205240 LV mass index LV mass/BW LVMI left ventricular mass index heart left ventricle weight as a percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000530 heart left ventricle weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000530 A calculated value in which the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Difference in respiratory rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:18:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000531 percent change in respiration rate CMO:0000531 Difference in respiratory rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. RGD:MS Difference in tidal volume between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:22:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000532 percent change in tidal volume CMO:0000532 Difference in tidal volume between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. RGD:MS The difference in mean arterial blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:24:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000533 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in mean arterial blood pressure CMO:0000533 The difference in mean arterial blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary RGD:MS http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Absolute difference in heart rate between two points in time or two conditions. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:25:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000534 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in heart rate CMO:0000534 Absolute difference in heart rate between two points in time or two conditions. RGD:MS The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:28:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood alcohol level CMO:0000535 blood ethanol level CMO:0000535 The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The number of glomeruli in all or part of a kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:29:17Z glomeruli count glomeruli number glomerulus number clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000536 kidney glomerulus count CMO:0000536 The number of glomeruli in all or part of a kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of creatinine, a catabolic product of creatine phosphate used in skeletal muscle contraction, found in a specified volume of plasma. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:30:50Z CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000537 plasma creatinine level CMO:0000537 mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:31:55Z CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000538 blood creatinine level CMO:0000538 mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:33:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000539 heart left ventricle dry weight CMO:0000539 A calculated value in which the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2011-10-28T04:33:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000540 heart left ventricle weight as a percentage of body weight true CMO:0000540 A calculated value in which the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:43:36Z EFO:0004845 magnesium measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000541 serum magnesium level CMO:0000541 The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of serum. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:44:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum inorganic phosphate level serum inorganic phosphorus level serum phosphorus level CMO:0000542 serum phosphate level CMO:0000542 The amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate, in a specified sample of serum. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:45:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000543 serum glucose level CMO:0000543 Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:45:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000544 plasma lipid level CMO:0000544 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:45:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000545 serum lipid level CMO:0000545 The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:46:09Z plasma NEFA level plasma non-esterified fatty acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000546 plasma free fatty acids level CMO:0000546 The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:9888641 The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:46:24Z serum NEFA level serum non-esterified fatty acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000547 serum free fatty acids level CMO:0000547 The amount of free fatty acids found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:9888641 The amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:46:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000548 plasma triglyceride level CMO:0000548 The amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood. Albumin is the major plasma protein, responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serving as a transport protein for large organic anions (e.g., fatty acids, bilirubin, some drugs) and for some hormones when their specific binding globulins are saturated. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:47:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000549 blood albumin level CMO:0000549 The amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood. Albumin is the major plasma protein, responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serving as a transport protein for large organic anions (e.g., fatty acids, bilirubin, some drugs) and for some hormones when their specific binding globulins are saturated. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of albumin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:48:13Z EFO:0004535 serum albumin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000550 serum albumin level CMO:0000550 The amount of albumin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:49:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000551 plasma aldosterone level CMO:0000551 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000552 blood apolipoprotein level true CMO:0000552 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:52:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000553 serum apolipoprotein level CMO:0000553 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:53:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000554 plasma cortisol level CMO:0000554 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:56:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000555 blood adrenocorticotropic hormone level (ACTH) CMO:0000555 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:56:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000556 plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone level (ACTH) CMO:0000556 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:57:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000557 plasma androstenedione level CMO:0000557 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:57:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000558 serum androstenedione level CMO:0000558 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:58:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000559 plasma dehydroepiandrosterone level CMO:0000559 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:58:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000560 serum dehydroepiandrosterone level CMO:0000560 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:58:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000561 plasma dihydrotestosterone level CMO:0000561 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:58:59Z EFO:0004909 dihydrotestosterone measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000562 serum dihydrotestosterone level CMO:0000562 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:59:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000563 plasma estradiol level CMO:0000563 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:59:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000564 serum estradiol level CMO:0000564 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:59:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000565 plasma progesterone level CMO:0000565 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T02:59:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000566 serum progesterone level CMO:0000566 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T03:00:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000567 plasma testosterone level CMO:0000567 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T03:00:24Z EFO:0004908 testosterone measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000568 serum testosterone level CMO:0000568 The serum anion gap is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:07:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000569 serum anion gap CMO:0000569 The serum anion gap is a measurement of the difference-or gap-between the negatively charged and positively charged electrolytes in serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. If the anion gap is either too high or too low, it may be a sign of a disorder in the lungs, kidneys, or other organ systems. ISBN-13:978-0323446631 https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/anion-gap-blood-test/ The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:08:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma alcohol level CMO:0000570 plasma ethanol level CMO:0000570 The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:08:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum alcohol level CMO:0000571 serum ethanol level CMO:0000571 The amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:08:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma AngII level CMO:0000572 plasma angiotensin II level CMO:0000572 The amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:09:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum AngII level CMO:0000573 serum angiotensin II level CMO:0000573 The amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of blood. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Blood ALT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:09:38Z blood ALT activity level blood GPT activity level blood alanine transaminase activity level blood glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000574 blood alanine aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000574 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of blood. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Blood ALT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. RGD:737472 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase The amount of ezymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of serum. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Serum ALT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:10:11Z EFO:0004735 serum ALT activity level serum GPT activity level serum alanine aminotransferase measurement serum alanine transaminase activity level serum glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000575 serum alanine aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000575 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutamic-pyruvate transaminase enzyme, commonly known as alanine transaminase or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), enzyme in a specified sample of serum. ALT catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate. Serum ALT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. RGD:621720 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_transaminase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of blood. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:10:38Z EFO:0004533 alkaline phosphatase measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000576 blood alkaline phosphatase activity level CMO:0000576 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of blood. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:11:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000577 serum alkaline phosphatase activity level CMO:0000577 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by alkaline phosphatase (AP) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. AP is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of orthophosphate from orthophosphoric monoesters under alkaline conditions. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of blood. ACE is an enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes cleavage of a dipeptide from the C-terminal end of angiotensin I to form activated angiotensin II. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:11:31Z angiotensin-converting enzyme measurement EFO:0004463 EFO:0006515 angiotensin converting enzyme activity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood ACE activity level blood dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity level blood peptidyl-dipeptidase A activity level CMO:0000578 blood angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0000578 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of blood. ACE is an enzyme of the hydrolase class that catalyzes cleavage of a dipeptide from the C-terminal end of angiotensin I to form activated angiotensin II. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:16:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum ACE activity level serum dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase activity level serum peptidyl-dipeptidase A activity level CMO:0000579 serum angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0000579 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of blood. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Blood AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:17:35Z aspartate aminotransferase measurement EFO:0004736 EFO:0008031 aspartate aminotransferase, cytoplasmic measurement blood aspartate transaminase activity level blood glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology blood AST activity level blood GOT activity level CMO:0000580 blood aspartate aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000580 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of blood. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Blood AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. VT:0000203 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate_transaminase The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of serum. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Serum AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:18:08Z serum aspartate transaminase activity level serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology SGOT activity level serum AST activity level serum GOT activity level CMO:0000581 serum aspartate aminotransferase activity level CMO:0000581 The amount of enzymatic activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase enzyme, commonly known as aspartate transaminase or aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in a specified sample of serum. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amine group from l-glutamic acid to oxaloacetic acid, forming alpha-ketoglutaric acid and l-aspartic acid. Serum AST level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. VT:0000203 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate_transaminase mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:19:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000582 plasma adiponectin level CMO:0000582 mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:19:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000583 serum adiponectin level CMO:0000583 A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of whole blood. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:20:28Z blood carboxyhaemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000584 blood carboxyhemoglobin level CMO:0000584 A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of whole blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:23:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma TC level CMO:0000585 plasma total cholesterol level CMO:0000585 Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The level of urea in terms of nitrogen content measured in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.The plasma urea nitrogen level is converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:23:54Z BUN level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000586 plasma urea nitrogen level CMO:0000586 The level of urea in terms of nitrogen content measured in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.The plasma urea nitrogen level is converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The level of urea in terms of nitrogen content found in a specific volume of serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. The urea nitrogen level is converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood.Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and is found in urine, blood, and lymph. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:24:28Z BUN level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000587 serum urea nitrogen level CMO:0000587 The level of urea in terms of nitrogen content found in a specific volume of serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. The urea nitrogen level is converted to urea concentration by multiplying by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood.Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and is found in urine, blood, and lymph. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:24:55Z plasma haemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000588 plasma hemoglobin level CMO:0000588 The amount of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:27:11Z plasma carboxyhaemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000589 plasma carboxyhemoglobin level CMO:0000589 A measure of the amount of carboxyhemoglobin formed by the combination of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed An estimation of the amount of renin in a specific volume of serum calculated from the rate of formation of angiotensin I or II. mshimoyama 2011-11-02T04:28:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000590 serum renin activity level CMO:0000590 An estimation of the amount of renin in a specific volume of serum calculated from the rate of formation of angiotensin I or II. RGD:MS mshimoyama 2011-11-03T01:45:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000591 urine protein level CMO:0000591 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T01:46:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000592 urine enzyme level CMO:0000592 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T01:47:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000593 urine electrolyte level CMO:0000593 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T01:49:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000594 urine steroid level CMO:0000594 The difference in the levels of renin catalytic activity in blood plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T01:54:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000595 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in plasma renin activity level CMO:0000595 The difference in the levels of renin catalytic activity in blood plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:08:31Z CMO:0000602 CD4(+) cell count CD4+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000596 blood CD4 cell count CMO:0000596 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed RGD:735603 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:09:28Z EFO:0010107 CD8(+) cell count CD8+ cell count CD8-positive T-lymphocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology Ts/c cell count cytotoxic T cell count suppressor T cell count CMO:0000597 blood CD8 cell count CMO:0000597 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Calculated measurement of the ratio in whole blood of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on the surface to lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on the surface. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:10:53Z EFO:0004839 CD4/CD8 ratio CD4:CD8 lymphocyte ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000598 blood CD4 cell count to CD8 cell count ratio CMO:0000598 Calculated measurement of the ratio in whole blood of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on the surface to lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on the surface. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:12:21Z CMO:0000601 CD25(+) cell count CD25+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000599 blood CD25 cell count CMO:0000599 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Measurement of the number of T lymphocytes (T cell) whose function is control or suppression of the T cell mediated immune response. Regulatory T cells are generally distinguished from other classes of lymphocytes on the basis of the presence and/or absence of a number of specific cell surface marker proteins. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:17:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology Treg count CMO:0000600 blood regulatory T cell count CMO:0000600 Measurement of the number of T lymphocytes (T cell) whose function is control or suppression of the T cell mediated immune response. Regulatory T cells are generally distinguished from other classes of lymphocytes on the basis of the presence and/or absence of a number of specific cell surface marker proteins. PMID:22224762 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000601 CD25+ cell count true CMO:0000601 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000602 CD4+ cell count true CMO:0000602 A calculated measurement in which number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood expressing the surface CD25 antigen is divided by number of T lymphocytes in the same sample of blood expressing the surface CD4 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:33:14Z CD25(+) cell to CD4(+) cell ratio as percentage CD25+ cell to CD4+ cell ratio as percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000603 blood CD25 cell count to CD4 cell count ratio CMO:0000603 A calculated measurement in which number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood expressing the surface CD25 antigen is divided by number of T lymphocytes in the same sample of blood expressing the surface CD4 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood expressing surface CD25 antigen is divided by the number of T lymphocytes in the same sample of blood expressing surface CD8 antigen and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:33:47Z CD25(+) cell count to CD8(+) cell count ratio CD25+ cell count to CD8+ cell count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CD25 cell to CD8 cell ratio as percentage CMO:0000604 blood CD25 cell count to CD8 cell count ratio CMO:0000604 A calculated measurement in which the number of T lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood expressing surface CD25 antigen is divided by the number of T lymphocytes in the same sample of blood expressing surface CD8 antigen and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:34:53Z PMID:32207065 PES end-systolic blood pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000605 left ventricular end-systolic blood pressure CMO:0000605 Measurement of the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The pressure in the heart left ventricle at the end of diastole, the period when the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:35:59Z LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000606 left ventricular end-diastolic blood pressure CMO:0000606 The pressure in the heart left ventricle at the end of diastole, the period when the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:36:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000607 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in systolic blood pressure CMO:0000607 Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Calculated measurement of a difference in diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:36:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000608 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in diastolic blood pressure CMO:0000608 Calculated measurement of a difference in diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary ISBN:978-0323073622 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:39:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000609 thymus morphological measurement CMO:0000609 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:39:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000610 thymus weight CMO:0000610 The weight of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:39:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000611 calculated thymus weight CMO:0000611 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:39:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000612 thymus weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000612 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:41:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000613 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in thymus weight CMO:0000613 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:43:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000614 pituitary gland morphological measurement CMO:0000614 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:43:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000615 pituitary gland weight CMO:0000615 The weight of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:44:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000616 calculated pituitary gland weight CMO:0000616 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:44:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000617 pituitary gland weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000617 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:44:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000618 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in pituitary gland weight CMO:0000618 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:45:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000619 single adrenal gland weight to body weight ratio true CMO:0000619 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:49:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000620 both adrenal glands weight as percentage of body weight true CMO:0000620 A calculated measurement in which the total, combined weight of both adrenal glands is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:49:51Z CMO:0000620 both adrenal glands weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology both suprarenal glands weight to body weight ratio ratio of the weight of both adrenal glands to the weight of the body CMO:0000621 both adrenal glands weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000621 A calculated measurement in which the total, combined weight of both adrenal glands is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:50:38Z CMO:0000623 individual kidney wet weight as percentage of body weight individual kidney wet weight to body weight ratio single kidney wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000622 single kidney wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000622 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:50:52Z individual kidney wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000623 single kidney wet weight as percentage of body weight true CMO:0000623 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000624 heart right ventricle wet weight true CMO:0000624 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:56:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000625 urine total protein level CMO:0000625 The weight of the pancreas after removal from the body but without desiccation. The pancreas is the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:58:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000626 pancreas wet weight CMO:0000626 The weight of the pancreas after removal from the body but without desiccation. The pancreas is the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 The weight of the pancreas after desiccation. The pancreas is the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:58:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000627 pancreas dry weight CMO:0000627 The weight of the pancreas after desiccation. The pancreas is the compound endocrine/exocrine gland located behind the stomach in vertebrates which secretes hormones (insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin) into the bloodstream and digestive enzymes and ions such as sodium bicarbonate into the small intestine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:58:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000628 calculated pancreas weight CMO:0000628 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:59:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000629 pancreas weight as a percentage of body weight CMO:0000629 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T02:59:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000630 pancreas weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000630 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000631 lung weight true CMO:0000631 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of one individual lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:00:22Z CMO:0000166 lung weight, single clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000632 single lung wet weight CMO:0000632 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of one individual lung, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of the liver is divided by total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:01:14Z CMO:0000141 liver weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology liver somatic index, LSI CMO:0000633 liver weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000633 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the liver is divided by total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:03:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000634 calculated retroperitoneal fat pad weight CMO:0000634 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the retroperitoneal fat pad, the mass of closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue located behind the peritoneum, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:03:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology retroperitoneal fat pad weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0000635 retroperitoneal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000635 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the retroperitoneal fat pad, the mass of closely packed fat cells surrounded by fibrous tissue located behind the peritoneum, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary-- ISBN:978-1416049982 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat_pad The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:07:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology seminal gland weight CMO:0000636 seminal vesicle weight CMO:0000636 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The heaviness of the epididymides, i.e., the degree to which one or both of the epididymides is drawn toward the ground. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:08:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000637 epididymides weight CMO:0000637 The heaviness of the epididymides, i.e., the degree to which one or both of the epididymides is drawn toward the ground. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Number of sperm which display autokinesia divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:08:51Z motile sperm percent motile spermatozoa percent clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000638 motile sperm count to total sperm count ratio CMO:0000638 Number of sperm which display autokinesia divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 mshimoyama 2011-11-03T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000639 sperm count true CMO:0000639 Any measurement of a mature male gamete or germ cell that consists of a cylindrical nucleated cell with a short neck and a thin motile tail, contains genetic information to be transmitted by the male, exhibits autokinesia, and is able to effect zygosis with an ovum. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:09:33Z EFO:0008578 sperm motility measurement clinical_measurement_ontology spermatozoa measurement spermatozoon measurement CMO:0000640 sperm measurement CMO:0000640 Any measurement of a mature male gamete or germ cell that consists of a cylindrical nucleated cell with a short neck and a thin motile tail, contains genetic information to be transmitted by the male, exhibits autokinesia, and is able to effect zygosis with an ovum. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of a group of neonates, products of one gestation, provided the average number per gestation is in excess of two. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:10:40Z EFO:0006921 clinical_measurement_ontology birth measurement CMO:0000641 litter measurement CMO:0000641 Any measurement of a group of neonates, products of one gestation, provided the average number per gestation is in excess of two. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number, i.e., the quantity determined by count, of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:11:36Z total litter size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000642 litter size CMO:0000642 The number, i.e., the quantity determined by count, of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that survive and are alive at birth, divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, expressed as a percent. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:11:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000643 percent of live offspring per litter CMO:0000643 The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that survive and are alive at birth, divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, expressed as a percent. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Number of sperm which display no defects in form or function divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:12:44Z normal sperm percent normal spermatozoa percent clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000644 normal sperm count to total sperm count ratio CMO:0000644 Number of sperm which display no defects in form or function divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:13:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000645 daily sperm count CMO:0000645 The total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:14:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma HDL level plasma HDL-C level CMO:0000646 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000646 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:15:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma LDL level plasma LDL-C level CMO:0000647 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000647 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:16:59Z very low density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement EFO:0008317 clinical_measurement_ontology blood VLDL level blood VLDL-C level CMO:0000648 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood very low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000648 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:17:35Z plasma VLDL cholesterol level plasma VLDL-C level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000649 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma very low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000649 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:18:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum VLDL level serum VLDL-C level CMO:0000650 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0000650 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the physical form or structure of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:22:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000651 prostate gland morphological measurement CMO:0000651 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:22:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000652 prostate gland wet weight CMO:0000652 The weight, after removal from the body but without desiccation, of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:27:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000653 calculated mesenteric fat pad weight CMO:0000653 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the mesenteric fat pad, after removal from the body, is measured, divided by the total weight of the body, and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. mshimoyama 2011-11-03T03:28:13Z PMID:27523322 mesenteric fat pad weight as a percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000654 mesenteric fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000654 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the mesenteric fat pad, after removal from the body, is measured, divided by the total weight of the body, and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ mshimoyama 2011-11-04T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000655 heart left ventricle wet weight true CMO:0000655 mshimoyama 2011-11-04T12:57:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000656 heart right ventricle dry weight CMO:0000656 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. mshimoyama 2011-11-04T04:12:03Z gonadal fat pad morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000657 epididymal fat pad morphological measurement CMO:0000657 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the epididymal fat pad is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. mshimoyama 2011-11-04T04:12:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology epididymal fat pad weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0000658 epididymal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000658 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the epididymal fat pad is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of blood. mshimoyama 2012-01-09T09:42:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000659 blood globulin measurement true CMO:0000659 Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed mshimoyama 2012-01-09T09:42:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000660 serum globulin level true CMO:0000660 Measurement of the total amount of all proteins, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. mshimoyama 2012-01-09T09:43:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000661 serum total protein level CMO:0000661 Measurement of the total amount of all proteins, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of components of the periodic tightening and loosening of the heart muscle. JSmith 2012-02-15T11:39:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart contractility measurement CMO:0000662 heart contraction measurement CMO:0000662 Any measurement of components of the periodic tightening and loosening of the heart muscle. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measure of the time from the relaxation of the heart muscle to the beginning of the tightening of the heart muscle during contraction. JSmith 2012-02-15T11:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000663 time to onset of heart contraction CMO:0000663 Measure of the time from the relaxation of the heart muscle to the beginning of the tightening of the heart muscle during contraction. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of the time from the beginning of heart muscle contraction to the maximum contracted state. JSmith 2012-02-15T11:48:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000664 time to peak heart contraction CMO:0000664 Measurement of the time from the beginning of heart muscle contraction to the maximum contracted state. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Pressure exerted by the heart muscle in its maximally contracted state. JSmith 2012-02-15T11:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000665 heart contraction pressure CMO:0000665 Pressure exerted by the heart muscle in its maximally contracted state. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of blood. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Blood LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. JSmith 2012-02-15T04:03:31Z blood LDH activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000666 blood lactate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0000666 The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of blood. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Blood LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of plasma. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Plasma LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. JSmith 2012-02-15T04:22:00Z plasma LDH activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000667 plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0000667 The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of plasma. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Plasma LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of serum. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Serum LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. JSmith 2012-02-15T04:24:22Z serum LDH activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000668 serum lactate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0000668 The amount of ezymatic activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a specified volume of serum. LDH is the enzyme which catalyses the reaction S)-lactate + NAD(+) <=> pyruvate + NADH. Serum LDH level can be used as a marker for tissue damage. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Any measurement of a structural part of a system of the body that is composed of tissues and cells that enable it to perform a particular function. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:00:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000669 organ measurement CMO:0000669 Any measurement of a structural part of a system of the body that is composed of tissues and cells that enable it to perform a particular function. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed JSmith 2012-02-15T05:06:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000670 This is not the same term as the original "heart measurement". That term is now "heart morphological measurement". heart measurement CMO:0000670 A measurement made on a fluid flowing out of the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:11:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000671 heart effluent measurement CMO:0000671 A measurement made on a fluid flowing out of the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The volume of a fluid flowing out of the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:14:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000672 heart effluent volume CMO:0000672 The volume of a fluid flowing out of the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The volume of a fluid flowing out of the heart during a specified amount of time. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:16:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000673 timed heart effluent volume CMO:0000673 The volume of a fluid flowing out of the heart during a specified amount of time. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of a fluid flowing out of an organ, especially one which has been removed from the body for study. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:18:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000674 organ effluent measurement CMO:0000674 Measurement of a fluid flowing out of an organ, especially one which has been removed from the body for study. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of an enzyme in a specified volume of fluid flowing out of the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:21:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000675 heart effluent enzyme level CMO:0000675 The amount of an enzyme in a specified volume of fluid flowing out of the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of lactate dehydrogenase activity measured in a specified volume of fluid flowing out of the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:25:02Z heart effluent LDH activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000676 heart effluent lactate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0000676 The amount of lactate dehydrogenase activity measured in a specified volume of fluid flowing out of the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of a lesion in an organ. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:45:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology tissue damage measurement CMO:0000677 organ lesion measurement CMO:0000677 Measurement of a lesion in an organ. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS A measurement of any lesion of the heart. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:48:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000678 heart lesion measurement CMO:0000678 A measurement of any lesion of the heart. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supplied to that tissue. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:50:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000679 infarction measurement CMO:0000679 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supplied to that tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply. JSmith 2012-02-15T05:58:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology myocardial infarction measurement CMO:0000680 heart infarction measurement CMO:0000680 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:04:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebral infarction measurement CMO:0000681 brain infarction measurement CMO:0000681 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the left ventricle of the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:09:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000682 heart left ventricle infarction measurement CMO:0000682 Measurement of an area of necrotic tissue in the left ventricle of the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supplied to that tissue. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:11:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000683 organ infarction size measurement CMO:0000683 Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supplied to that tissue. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue in the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:14:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000684 heart infarction size CMO:0000684 Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue in the heart resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue in the heart left ventricle resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:18:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000685 heart left ventricle infarction size CMO:0000685 Measurement of the area, volume or weight of necrotic tissue in the heart left ventricle resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the heart. PGA:Cardiac_protocol JSmith 2012-02-15T06:27:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000686 calculated heart left ventricle infarction size true CMO:0000686 JSmith 2012-02-15T06:28:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000687 heart left ventricle infarction size to total heart left ventricle size ratio true CMO:0000687 The heaviness of one or both ventricles of the heart, that is, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body, or the degree to which one or both ventricles of the heart are drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2012-02-15T06:46:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000688 heart ventricle weight CMO:0000688 The heaviness of one or both ventricles of the heart, that is, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body, or the degree to which one or both ventricles of the heart are drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-02-21T02:50:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000689 heart infarction weight CMO:0000689 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:02:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000690 heart infarction area CMO:0000690 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:02:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000691 heart left ventricle infarction weight CMO:0000691 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:03:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000692 heart left ventricle infarction area CMO:0000692 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:04:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000693 calculated heart left ventricle infarction area CMO:0000693 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:04:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000694 calculated heart left ventricle infarction weight CMO:0000694 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:05:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000695 heart left ventricle infarction weight to total heart left ventricle weight ratio CMO:0000695 JSmith 2012-02-21T03:08:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000696 calculated heart infarction weight CMO:0000696 JSmith 2012-02-21T04:08:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000697 organ infarction weight CMO:0000697 JSmith 2012-02-21T04:09:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000698 organ infarction area CMO:0000698 The difference in body temperature between two different points in time or between two different conditions. JSmith 2012-03-09T04:05:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000699 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in body temperature CMO:0000699 The difference in body temperature between two different points in time or between two different conditions. PGA:Respiratory_protocol Measurement of the amount of resistance in a blood vessel to the flow of blood or other fluid through it. JSmith 2012-03-09T05:24:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000700 blood vessel resistance measurement CMO:0000700 Measurement of the amount of resistance in a blood vessel to the flow of blood or other fluid through it. http://en.wikipedia.org Resistance to blood flow by blood vessels in the lung. JSmith 2012-03-09T05:53:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000701 pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) CMO:0000701 Resistance to blood flow by blood vessels in the lung. PGA:Lung_protocol Measurement of vascular resistance in lung blood vessels calculated from other indirect measurements. JSmith 2012-03-09T05:57:02Z calculated PVR clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000702 calculated pulmonary vascular resistance CMO:0000702 Measurement of vascular resistance in lung blood vessels calculated from other indirect measurements. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-03-09T06:00:03Z R_Flow100 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000703 calculated pulmonary vascular resistance normalized to body weight CMO:0000703 A measure of a blood vessel's ability to stretch, dilate or expand. JSmith 2012-03-09T06:17:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000704 blood vessel distensibility CMO:0000704 A measure of a blood vessel's ability to stretch, dilate or expand. PGA:Lung_protocol JSmith 2012-03-09T06:28:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000705 vascular endothelial cell measurement CMO:0000705 Measurement made on the endothelial tissue or endothelial cells lining a blood vessel. JSmith 2012-03-13T12:26:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000706 blood vessel endothelium measurement CMO:0000706 Measurement made on the endothelial tissue or endothelial cells lining a blood vessel. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-03-13T12:29:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000707 calculated blood vessel endothelium measurement CMO:0000707 JSmith 2012-03-13T12:31:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000708 FAPGG metabolism-surface area product CMO:0000708 JSmith 2012-03-13T01:02:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000709 methylene blue metabolism-surface area product without auto-oxidation CMO:0000709 JSmith 2012-03-13T01:03:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000710 methylene blue metabolism-surface area product after auto-oxidation CMO:0000710 Ratio of the methylene blue metabolism-surface area product without auto-oxidation to the FAPGG metabolism-surface area product. JSmith 2012-03-13T01:12:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000711 methylene blue to FAPGG metabolism-surface area product ratio CMO:0000711 Ratio of the methylene blue metabolism-surface area product without auto-oxidation to the FAPGG metabolism-surface area product. PGA:Lung_protocol JSmith 2012-03-13T02:08:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000712 airway reactivity measurement CMO:0000712 The administered quantity of methacholine, a quaternary ammonium ion in which the nitrogen is substituted with three methyl groups and a 2-acetoxypropyl group and which acts as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor, at which the ability of the repiratory tract to allow airflow during breathing (inspration and expiration) is half its value in an untreated subject, or at which the resistance of the respiratory tract to airflow is doubled. JSmith 2012-03-13T02:15:00Z methacholine median effective dose (ED50) CHEBI:50142 CHEBI:6804 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000713 dose of methacholine at which pulmonary conductance is half its pretreatment value CMO:0000713 The administered quantity of methacholine, a quaternary ammonium ion in which the nitrogen is substituted with three methyl groups and a 2-acetoxypropyl group and which acts as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor, at which the ability of the repiratory tract to allow airflow during breathing (inspration and expiration) is half its value in an untreated subject, or at which the resistance of the respiratory tract to airflow is doubled. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_resistance JSmith 2012-03-13T03:24:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology alpha fractional change in vessel distensibility contributing to the pressure-flow relationship CMO:0000714 fractional change in blood vessel diameter per unit change in intravascular pressure CMO:0000714 JSmith 2012-03-13T03:37:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000715 calculated blood vessel distensibility CMO:0000715 Any measurement of the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. JSmith 2012-03-13T04:15:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel contractility measurement CMO:0000716 blood vessel contractile force measurement CMO:0000716 Any measurement of the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. JSmith 2012-03-13T04:46:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel maximum contractility measurement CMO:0000717 blood vessel maximum contractile force CMO:0000717 Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction JSmith 2012-03-13T04:47:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000718 maximum contractile force per wet weight of vessel CMO:0000718 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to a drug or other chemical stimulus. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:09:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000719 chemical response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0000719 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to a drug or other chemical stimulus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:16:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000720 calculated blood vessel contractile force measurement CMO:0000720 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction A calculated value for the concentration of phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of PE is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such PE-induced contractile energy. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:17:28Z CHEBI:8093 phenylephrine half maximal effective concentration (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000721 concentration of phenylephrine at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0000721 A calculated value for the concentration of phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of PE is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such PE-induced contractile energy. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of PE is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such PE-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:17:54Z CHEBI:8093 phenylephrine Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000722 logarithm of the concentration of phenylephrine at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0000722 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of PE is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such PE-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 Measurement of the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel via calculations from direct measurements rather than expressing the direct measurements themselves. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:21:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000723 calculated blood vessel dilation force reduction measurement CMO:0000723 Measurement of the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel via calculations from direct measurements rather than expressing the direct measurements themselves. RGD:JRS A calculated value for the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during ACh-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of Ach which is the minimum contractile energy). JSmith 2012-03-14T04:23:57Z CHEBI:15355 acetylcholine half maximal effective concentration (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000724 concentration of acetylcholine at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0000724 A calculated value for the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during ACh-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of Ach which is the minimum contractile energy). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the dilation of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is half maximal. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. JSmith 2012-03-14T04:24:16Z CHEBI:15355 acetylcholine Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000725 logarithm of the concentration of acetylcholine at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0000725 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the dilation of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is half maximal. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for the concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-colored inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of SNP is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during SNP-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of SNP which is the minimum contractile energy). JSmith 2012-03-14T04:24:44Z CHEBI:29321 CHEBI:9179 sodium nitroprusside half maximal effective concentration (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000726 concentration of sodium nitroprusside at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0000726 A calculated value for the concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-colored inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of SNP is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during SNP-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of SNP which is the minimum contractile energy). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_nitroprusside A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-coloured inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of SNP is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during SNP-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of SNP which is the minimum contractile energy). JSmith 2012-03-14T04:25:16Z CHEBI:29321 CHEBI:9179 sodium nitroprusside Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000727 logarithm of the concentration of sodium nitroprusside at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0000727 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-coloured inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of SNP is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during SNP-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of SNP which is the minimum contractile energy). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_nitroprusside JSmith 2012-03-15T11:42:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000728 maximum contractile force per wet weight of aorta CMO:0000728 Measurement of the reduction in force during blood vessel dilation. JSmith 2012-03-15T11:48:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000729 blood vessel dilation force reduction measurement CMO:0000729 Measurement of the reduction in force during blood vessel dilation. RGD:JRS This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of some agent or process to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation generated compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. JSmith 2012-03-15T11:53:37Z PMID:11748519 blood vessel dilation expressed as percent relaxation of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000730 blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0000730 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of some agent or process to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation generated compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 PMID:17906683 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of acetylcholine to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. JSmith 2012-03-15T11:55:20Z PMID:11748519 PMID:17906683 acetylcholine-induced blood vessel relaxation expressed as percent of full dilation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000731 acetylcholine-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0000731 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of acetylcholine to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 PMID:17906683 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of sodium nitroprusside to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. JSmith 2012-03-15T11:59:59Z PMID:11748519 sodium nitroprusside-induced blood vessel relaxation expressed as percent of full dilation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000732 sodium nitroprusside-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0000732 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of sodium nitroprusside to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 PMID:17906683 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by hypoxia on a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. JSmith 2012-03-15T12:00:51Z PMID:11748519 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000733 hypoxia-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0000733 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by hypoxia on a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 JSmith 2012-03-15T12:03:40Z slope measurement of phenylephrine-induced contraction clinical_measurement_ontology slope measurement of drug-induced contraction CMO:0000734 slope measurement of chemical-induced contraction CMO:0000734 JSmith 2012-03-15T12:05:49Z fast-slope measurement of phenylephrine-induced contraction clinical_measurement_ontology fast-slope measurement of drug-induced contraction CMO:0000735 fast-slope measurement of chemical-induced contraction CMO:0000735 JSmith 2012-03-15T12:06:21Z slow-slope measurement of phenylephrine-induced contraction clinical_measurement_ontology slow-slope measurement of drug-induced contraction CMO:0000736 slow-slope measurement of chemical-induced contraction CMO:0000736 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter. JSmith 2012-03-15T12:11:24Z CHEBI:15355 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000737 acetylcholine response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0000737 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to acetylcholine (ACh), the ester of acetic acid and choline with chemical formula CH3C=OO(CH2)2-N(+)-(CH3)3 and IUPAC name 2-acetoxy-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium, which acts as a neurotransmitter. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to methacholine, a quaternary ammonium ion in which the nitrogen is substituted with three methyl groups and a 2-acetoxypropyl group and which acts as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor. JSmith 2012-03-15T12:12:19Z CHEBI:6804 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000738 methacholine response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0000738 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to methacholine, a quaternary ammonium ion in which the nitrogen is substituted with three methyl groups and a 2-acetoxypropyl group and which acts as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor. JSmith 2012-03-15T12:12:47Z CHEBI:8093 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000739 phenylephrine response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0000739 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to phenylephrine (PE), the phenylethanolamine with IUPAC name (R)-3-[-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]phenol and formula C9H13NO2 that acts as a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist, decongestant and vasoconstrictor. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-colored inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator. JSmith 2012-03-15T12:13:21Z CHEBI:29321 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000740 sodium nitroprusside response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0000740 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to sodium nitroprusside (SNP), the red-colored inorganic salt with the formula Na2[Fe(CN)5NO]-2H2O used as a potent vasodilator. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_nitroprusside Amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-15T08:07:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000741 water drink intake rate CMO:0000741 Amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed JSmith 2012-03-20T04:21:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000742 percent change in heart rate CMO:0000742 Calculation of a difference between representations of blood pressure in a treated versus untreated state or over time, after the original values have been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. JSmith 2012-03-20T04:31:30Z EFO:0006943 blood pressure change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000743 change in calculated blood pressure CMO:0000743 Calculation of a difference between representations of blood pressure in a treated versus untreated state or over time, after the original values have been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of the difference in developed blood pressure between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. JSmith 2012-03-20T04:31:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000744 change in developed blood pressure CMO:0000744 A calculated measurement of the difference in developed blood pressure between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement of the difference in developed blood pressure between a treated state and a control state, expressed as a percentage. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. JSmith 2012-03-20T04:32:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000745 percent change in developed blood pressure CMO:0000745 A calculated measurement of the difference in developed blood pressure between a treated state and a control state, expressed as a percentage. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions. JSmith 2012-03-20T04:34:31Z EFO:0006944 systolic blood pressure change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000746 change in systolic blood pressure CMO:0000746 Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed RGD:MS The relative difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-03-20T04:35:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000747 percent change in systolic blood pressure CMO:0000747 The relative difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed JSmith 2012-03-20T04:37:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000748 change in arterial blood flow rate CMO:0000748 JSmith 2012-03-20T04:38:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000749 percent change in arterial blood flow rate CMO:0000749 JSmith 2012-03-20T04:38:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000750 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in arterial blood flow rate CMO:0000750 A calculated measurement of the difference in developed pressure measured in the heart left ventricle between a treated state and a control state, expressed as a percentage. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. JSmith 2012-03-21T01:08:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000751 percent change in left ventricular developed pressure CMO:0000751 A calculated measurement of the difference in developed pressure measured in the heart left ventricle between a treated state and a control state, expressed as a percentage. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement of the difference in developed pressure measured in the heart left ventricle between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. JSmith 2012-03-21T01:09:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000752 change in left ventricular developed pressure CMO:0000752 A calculated measurement of the difference in developed pressure measured in the heart left ventricle between a treated state and a control state. Developed pressure is systolic minus diastolic pressure when measured in an isolated organ or vessel under conditions where perfusion pressure or flow can be controlled. PGA:Cardiac_protocol Difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions. JSmith 2012-03-21T01:13:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000753 change in left ventricular systolic blood pressure CMO:0000753 Difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The relative difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-03-21T01:14:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000754 percent change in left ventricular systolic blood pressure CMO:0000754 The relative difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The amount of a particular constituent of urine, such as an ion or salt, excreted into the urine per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:35:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000755 urine component excretion rate measurement CMO:0000755 The amount of a particular constituent of urine, such as an ion or salt, excreted into the urine per unit time. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-03-28T09:39:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000756 urine total protein excretion rate CMO:0000756 The amount of albumin excreted into the urine within a specified period of time. If the level of albumin in the urine is above normal but not high enough to be detectable with routine protein testing it is referred to as 'microalbumin'. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:39:31Z EFO:0005667 urinary albumin excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology urine microalbumin excretion rate CMO:0000757 urine albumin excretion rate CMO:0000757 The amount of albumin excreted into the urine within a specified period of time. If the level of albumin in the urine is above normal but not high enough to be detectable with routine protein testing it is referred to as 'microalbumin'. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The amount of an electrolyte, that is, a substance that dissociates into ions, excreted in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:40:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000758 urine electrolyte excretion rate CMO:0000758 The amount of an electrolyte, that is, a substance that dissociates into ions, excreted in the urine per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of protein excreted in urine per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:41:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000759 urine protein excretion rate CMO:0000759 The amount of protein excreted in urine per unit time. RGD:JRS The amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:43:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000760 urine sodium excretion rate CMO:0000760 The amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, discharged in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:44:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000761 urine potassium excretion rate CMO:0000761 The amount of potassium, the chemical element with atomic number 19, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, discharged in the urine per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of chloride, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, discharged in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2012-03-28T09:44:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000762 urine chloride excretion rate CMO:0000762 The amount of chloride, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, discharged in the urine per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-03-28T09:44:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000763 urine calcium excretion rate CMO:0000763 Measurement of the amount of creatinine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. JSmith 2012-03-28T10:03:34Z CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000764 urine creatinine excretion rate CMO:0000764 Measurement of the amount of creatinine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The clearance rate of creatinine, that is, the volume of plasma that is cleared of creatinine by the kidneys per unit time. Creatinine clearance is calculated using the level of creatinine in a sample of urine, usually one collected over a period of 24 hours, the corresponding plasma creatinine level, and the volume of urine excreted. It is used as an approximation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). JSmith 2012-03-28T10:49:24Z CHEBI:16737 EFO:0007934 creatinine clearance measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000765 creatinine clearance CMO:0000765 The clearance rate of creatinine, that is, the volume of plasma that is cleared of creatinine by the kidneys per unit time. Creatinine clearance is calculated using the level of creatinine in a sample of urine, usually one collected over a period of 24 hours, the corresponding plasma creatinine level, and the volume of urine excreted. It is used as an approximation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). CMDT:Medical_Diagnosis_&_Treatment Any measurement of creatinine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. JSmith 2012-03-28T11:08:03Z CHEBI:16737 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000766 urine creatinine measurement CMO:0000766 Any measurement of creatinine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatinine is a nitrogenous compound formed in muscle as the end product of creatine metabolism. Blood and urine tests for creatinine are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed JSmith 2012-03-28T11:15:22Z creatinine measurement CHEBI:16737 EFO:0004518 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000767 blood creatinine measurement CMO:0000767 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of plasma, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-03-28T11:16:24Z CHEBI:16737 Not4Curation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000768 calculated plasma creatinine level CMO:0000768 JSmith 2012-03-28T11:19:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000769 urine electrolyte measurement CMO:0000769 JSmith 2012-03-28T11:21:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000770 urine protein measurement CMO:0000770 The quantification of any parameter related to the process whereby drink, any liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., is taken in for utilization by the body. JSmith 2012-03-28T01:37:12Z EFO:0010088 EFO:0010089 EFO:0010090 EFO:0010091 EFO:0010092 EFO:0010093 EFO:0010094 EFO:0010095 EFO:0010096 EFO:0010097 beverage consumption measurement artificially sweetened beverage consumption measurement bitter alcoholic beverage consumption measurement bitter beverage consumption measurement bitter non-alcoholic beverage consumption measurement grapefruit juice consumption measurement non-grapefruit juice consumption measurement sugar sweetened beverage consumption measurement sweet beverage consumption measurement tea consumption measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000771 drink intake measurement CMO:0000771 The quantification of any parameter related to the process whereby drink, any liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., is taken in for utilization by the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink The quantification of any parameter related to the process whereby food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) is taken in for utilization by the body. JSmith 2012-03-28T01:37:36Z diet measurement EFO:0007829 EFO:0008111 clinical_measurement_ontology eating behaviour CMO:0000772 food intake measurement CMO:0000772 The quantification of any parameter related to the process whereby food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) is taken in for utilization by the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2012-03-28T01:39:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000773 drink intake volume CMO:0000773 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. JSmith 2012-03-28T01:40:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000774 water drink intake volume CMO:0000774 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The activity level of LDH in effluent expressed relative to the weight of the heart; calculated as LDH activity divided by heart wet weight. JSmith 2012-03-30T07:52:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000775 heart effluent lactate dehydrogenase activity level normalized to heart weight CMO:0000775 The activity level of LDH in effluent expressed relative to the weight of the heart; calculated as LDH activity divided by heart wet weight. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-06-07T11:37:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000776 heart left ventricle weight CMO:0000776 JSmith 2012-06-07T11:38:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000777 heart right ventricle weight CMO:0000777 The average blood pressure within the pulmonary artery over a specified period of time, or technically over a complete cycle of one heartbeat. JSmith 2012-06-07T12:01:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressure CMO:0000778 mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure CMO:0000778 The average blood pressure within the pulmonary artery over a specified period of time, or technically over a complete cycle of one heartbeat. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-06-07T12:07:03Z leptin measurement EFO:0005000 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000779 blood leptin level CMO:0000779 JSmith 2012-06-07T12:07:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000780 serum leptin level CMO:0000780 JSmith 2012-06-07T12:09:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000781 plasma leptin level CMO:0000781 Measurement of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. JSmith 2012-06-07T02:24:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology pulmonary artery (PA) blood pressure measurement pulmonary artery pressure CMO:0000782 pulmonary arterial blood pressure measurement CMO:0000782 Measurement of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. RGD:JRS Measurements involving organs or structures which release their products into the blood or lymph (endocrine) or through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body (exocrine). JSmith 2012-06-13T01:56:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000783 endocrine/exocrine system measurement CMO:0000783 Measurements involving organs or structures which release their products into the blood or lymph (endocrine) or through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body (exocrine). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurements involving an exocrine gland or its product(s). An exocrine gland is one which discharges its secretions through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:06:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000784 exocrine gland measurement CMO:0000784 Measurements involving an exocrine gland or its product(s). An exocrine gland is one which discharges its secretions through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement involving a fluid or other secretion produced by an exocrine gland, that is, one which discharges its secretions through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:14:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000785 exocrine gland fluid/secretion measurement CMO:0000785 Measurement involving a fluid or other secretion produced by an exocrine gland, that is, one which discharges its secretions through a duct opening on an internal or external surface of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement involving the mammary gland, the milk-producing gland in female mammals, consisting of lobes containing clusters of alveoli with a system of ducts to convey the milk to an external nipple or teat. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:16:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000786 mammary gland measurement CMO:0000786 Measurement involving the mammary gland, the milk-producing gland in female mammals, consisting of lobes containing clusters of alveoli with a system of ducts to convey the milk to an external nipple or teat. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the constituents or properties of milk, a colloidal emulsion of water, protein, fats and carbohydrates produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:36:03Z EFO:0009092 breast milk measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000787 milk measurement CMO:0000787 Measurement of the constituents or properties of milk, a colloidal emulsion of water, protein, fats and carbohydrates produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount or composition of fat in milk. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:53:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000788 milk fat measurement CMO:0000788 Measurement of the amount or composition of fat in milk. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount or composition of protein in milk. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:55:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000789 milk protein measurement CMO:0000789 Measurement of the amount or composition of protein in milk. RGD:JRS The amount of fat, protein, lactose, and minerals in milk. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:56:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000790 milk solids content CMO:0000790 The amount of fat, protein, lactose, and minerals in milk. RGD:JRS http://extension.missouri.edu/p/G3110 Measurement of the number or composition of somatic cells in milk. JSmith 2012-06-13T02:58:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000791 milk somatic cell measurement CMO:0000791 Measurement of the number or composition of somatic cells in milk. RGD:JRS The number of somatic cells (leukocytes and epithelial cells) present in milk; a high count is an indicator of mastitis. JSmith 2012-06-13T03:00:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000792 milk somatic cell count CMO:0000792 The number of somatic cells (leukocytes and epithelial cells) present in milk; a high count is an indicator of mastitis. PT:1000072 Transformation of the number of somatic cells (leukocytes and epithelial cells) present in milk (ln(SCC/100,000)+3). JSmith 2012-06-13T03:01:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000793 milk somatic cell score CMO:0000793 Transformation of the number of somatic cells (leukocytes and epithelial cells) present in milk (ln(SCC/100,000)+3). PT:1000072 The amount in milk of macromolecules consisting of long sequences of amino acids in peptide linkage. JSmith 2012-06-13T03:07:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000794 milk protein content CMO:0000794 The amount in milk of macromolecules consisting of long sequences of amino acids in peptide linkage. PT:1000165 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The amount in milk of macromolecules consisting of long sequences of amino acids in peptide linkage, expressed as a percentage of total milk amount. JSmith 2012-06-13T03:13:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000795 milk protein percentage CMO:0000795 The amount in milk of macromolecules consisting of long sequences of amino acids in peptide linkage, expressed as a percentage of total milk amount. PT:1000165 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The total amount of milk protein produced over a specific period of time. JSmith 2012-06-13T03:15:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000796 milk protein yield CMO:0000796 The total amount of milk protein produced over a specific period of time. PT:0010028 JSmith 2012-06-15T01:06:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000797 calculated milk protein content measurement CMO:0000797 Measurement of the amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk. JSmith 2012-06-15T01:09:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000798 milk casein content CMO:0000798 Measurement of the amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk. PT:0010280 The measured amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk expressed as a normalized or otherwise mathematically adjusted value. JSmith 2012-06-15T01:11:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000799 calculated milk casein content CMO:0000799 The measured amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk expressed as a normalized or otherwise mathematically adjusted value. RGD:JRS The amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk expressed as [(alpha-S1 CN % + alpha-S2 CN % + beta-CN % + kappa-CN %)/(sum of all casein and whey protein %)] x 100. JSmith 2012-06-15T01:20:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000800 milk casein index CMO:0000800 The amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk expressed as [(alpha-S1 CN % + alpha-S2 CN % + beta-CN % + kappa-CN %)/(sum of all casein and whey protein %)] x 100. PMID:21605784 The amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T01:22:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000801 milk casein percentage CMO:0000801 The amount of casein, the predominant phosphoprotein in milk, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. PT:0010280 The amount in milk of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:08:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000802 milk alpha-casein content CMO:0000802 The amount in milk of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein. PT:0000002 The amount in milk of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:09:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000803 milk beta-casein content CMO:0000803 The amount in milk of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein. PT:0010284 The amount in milk of kappa-casein, a casein which plays a crucial role in micellar structure; its concentration determines micellar size. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:11:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000804 milk kappa-casein content CMO:0000804 The amount in milk of kappa-casein, a casein which plays a crucial role in micellar structure; its concentration determines micellar size. PT:0010283 The amount in milk of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, expressed as a percentage of total casein content or total milk protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:13:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000805 milk alpha-casein percentage CMO:0000805 The amount in milk of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, expressed as a percentage of total casein content or total milk protein. PT:0000002 The amount in milk of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, expressed as a percentage of total casein or total milk protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:14:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000806 milk beta-casein percentage CMO:0000806 The amount in milk of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, expressed as a percentage of total casein or total milk protein. PT:0010284 The amount in milk of kappa-casein, a casein which plays a crucial role in micellar structure, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:16:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000807 milk kappa-casein percentage CMO:0000807 The amount in milk of kappa-casein, a casein which plays a crucial role in micellar structure, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. PT:0010283 The combined alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin content in milk. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:25:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000808 milk whey protein content CMO:0000808 The combined alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin content in milk. PMID:20655450 The amount in milk of alpha-lactalbumin, an enzyme that catalyzes lactose synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:26:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000809 milk alpha-lactalbumin content CMO:0000809 The amount in milk of alpha-lactalbumin, an enzyme that catalyzes lactose synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. PT:0010003 The amount in milk of beta-lactoglobulin, which may bind retinol; this milk constituent is allergenic. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:28:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000810 milk beta-lactoglobulin content CMO:0000810 The amount in milk of beta-lactoglobulin, which may bind retinol; this milk constituent is allergenic. PT:0010266 The combined alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin content in milk, expressed as a value which has been normalized or otherwise mathmatically adjusted. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:29:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000811 calculated milk whey protein content CMO:0000811 The combined alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin content in milk, expressed as a value which has been normalized or otherwise mathmatically adjusted. PMID:20655450 RGD:JRS The amount in milk of alpha-lactalbumin, an enzyme that catalyzes lactose synthesis in mammary epithelial cells, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:33:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000812 milk alpha-lactalbumin percentage CMO:0000812 The amount in milk of alpha-lactalbumin, an enzyme that catalyzes lactose synthesis in mammary epithelial cells, expressed as a percentage of total milk protein. PT:0010003 The amount in milk of beta-lactoglobulin, which may bind retinol, expressed as a percentage of total whey protein or total protein. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:34:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000813 milk beta-lactoglobulin percentage CMO:0000813 The amount in milk of beta-lactoglobulin, which may bind retinol, expressed as a percentage of total whey protein or total protein. PT:0010266 The total amount of milk fat produced over a specific period of time. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:45:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000814 milk fat yield CMO:0000814 The total amount of milk fat produced over a specific period of time. PT:0010027 The ratio of fat yield to protein yield in milk. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:47:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000815 milk fat-to-protein ratio CMO:0000815 The ratio of fat yield to protein yield in milk. PMID:20213510 The amount of fat in milk, expressed as a percentage of total milk amount. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:52:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000816 milk fat percentage CMO:0000816 The amount of fat in milk, expressed as a percentage of total milk amount. PT:1000161 Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of saturated and/or unsaturated straight chain monocarboxylic (fatty) acids in milk. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:53:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000817 milk fatty acid measurement CMO:0000817 Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of saturated and/or unsaturated straight chain monocarboxylic (fatty) acids in milk. RGD:JRS Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds found in milk fat. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:57:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000818 milk unsaturated fatty acid measurement CMO:0000818 Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with one or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds found in milk fat. RGD:JRS RGD:MS Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of straight chain monocarboxylic acids without double bonds in their chains found in milk fat. JSmith 2012-06-15T05:59:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000819 milk saturated fatty acid measurement CMO:0000819 Measurement of the absolute amount or proportion of straight chain monocarboxylic acids without double bonds in their chains found in milk fat. RGD:JRS RGD:MS Measurement of the amount of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with only one double or triple carbon-carbon bond found in milk fat. JSmith 2012-06-15T06:11:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000820 milk monounsaturated fatty acid measurement CMO:0000820 Measurement of the amount of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with only one double or triple carbon-carbon bond found in milk fat. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with two or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds found in milk fat. JSmith 2012-06-15T06:14:04Z polyunsaturated fatty acid measurement EFO:0010733 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000821 milk polyunsaturated fatty acid measurement CMO:0000821 Measurement of the amount of straight chain monocarboxylic acids with two or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds found in milk fat. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of omega-3 fatty acids in milk fat. Omega-3 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids in which the first unsaturated bond is in the third (n-3) position from the omega carbon. JSmith 2012-06-15T06:15:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000822 milk omega-3 fatty acid measurement CMO:0000822 Measurement of the amount of omega-3 fatty acids in milk fat. Omega-3 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids in which the first unsaturated bond is in the third (n-3) position from the omega carbon. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of omega-6 fatty acids in milk fat. Omega-6 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids in which the first unsaturated bond is in the sixth (n-6) position from the omega carbon. JSmith 2012-06-15T06:19:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000823 milk omega-6 fatty acid measurement CMO:0000823 Measurement of the amount of omega-6 fatty acids in milk fat. Omega-6 fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids in which the first unsaturated bond is in the sixth (n-6) position from the omega carbon. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids containing at least one double bond in the trans configuration in milk fat. JSmith 2012-06-15T06:20:45Z trans fatty acid measurement EFO:0006821 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000824 milk trans fatty acid measurement CMO:0000824 Measurement of the amount of unsaturated fatty acids containing at least one double bond in the trans configuration in milk fat. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-06-18T12:55:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000825 calculated milk fat content measurement CMO:0000825 The amount or concentration of fat in milk. JSmith 2012-06-19T04:31:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000826 milk fat content CMO:0000826 The amount or concentration of fat in milk. RGD:JRS The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acid with a twelve-carbon backbone and one double bond, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:18:28Z CHEBI:38375 milk lauroleic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000827 milk fatty acid C12:1(n-3) percentage CMO:0000827 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acid with a twelve-carbon backbone and one double bond, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0000011 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a fourteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:20:43Z CHEBI:27781 milk myristoleic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000828 milk fatty acid cis-9-C14:1 percentage CMO:0000828 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a fourteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010326 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a sixteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:21:33Z CHEBI:28716 milk palmitoleic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000829 milk fatty acid cis-9-C16:1 percentage CMO:0000829 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a sixteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010372 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:22:59Z CHEBI:16196 milk oleic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000830 milk fatty acid cis-9-C18:1 percentage CMO:0000830 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-9, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010371 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a trans double bond at C-11. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:24:43Z CHEBI:28727 milk trans-vaccenic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology milk vaccenic acid percentage CMO:0000831 milk fatty acid trans-11-C18:1 percentage CMO:0000831 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a trans double bond at C-11. PT:0010329 The amount in milk fat of any/all isomers of linoleic acid in which the double bonds are conjugated, i.e. double bonds alternate with single bonds, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:26:29Z CHEBI:61159 milk CLA percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000832 milk conjugated linoleic acid percentage CMO:0000832 The amount in milk fat of any/all isomers of linoleic acid in which the double bonds are conjugated, i.e. double bonds alternate with single bonds, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. MeSH:D044243 PT:0010324 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-19T05:36:10Z CHEBI:17351 milk linoleic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000833 milk fatty acid cis-9,cis-12-C18:2 percentage CMO:0000833 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010325 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a ten-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:07:10Z CHEBI:30813 milk capric acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000834 milk fatty acid C10:0 percentage CMO:0000834 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a ten-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010312 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twelve-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:20:45Z CHEBI:30805 milk lauric acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000835 milk fatty acid C12:0 percentage CMO:0000835 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twelve-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010314 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a fourteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:22:30Z CHEBI:28875 milk myristic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000836 milk fatty acid C14:0 percentage CMO:0000836 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a fourteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010315 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a fifteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:24:12Z CHEBI:42504 clinical_measurement_ontology milk pentadecanoic acid percentage milk pentadecylic acid percentage CMO:0000837 milk fatty acid C15:0 percentage CMO:0000837 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a fifteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0000009 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a sixteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:26:42Z CHEBI:15756 milk palmitic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000838 milk fatty acid C16:0 percentage CMO:0000838 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a sixteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010316 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:28:06Z CHEBI:28842 milk stearic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000839 milk fatty acid C18:0 percentage CMO:0000839 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. PT:0010318 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twenty-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:30:01Z CHEBI:28822 clinical_measurement_ontology milk arachidic acid percentage milk eicosanoic acid percentage CMO:0000840 milk fatty acid C20:0 percentage CMO:0000840 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twenty-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid amount. PT:0010319 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twenty-four-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:32:16Z CHEBI:28866 clinical_measurement_ontology milk lignoceric acid percentage milk tetracosanoic acid percentage CMO:0000841 milk fatty acid C24:0 percentage CMO:0000841 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a twenty-four-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. PT:0000010 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a six-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:34:23Z CHEBI:30776 milk caproic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000842 milk fatty acid C6:0 percentage CMO:0000842 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a six-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. PT:0010308 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with an eight-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:36:15Z CHEBI:28837 milk caprylic acid percentage clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000843 milk fatty acid C8:0 percentage CMO:0000843 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with an eight-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of total fatty acid content. PT:0010310 Measurement in milk of the amount of an organic substance which occurs in small amounts in food and is necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:44:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000844 milk vitamin measurement CMO:0000844 Measurement in milk of the amount of an organic substance which occurs in small amounts in food and is necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The proportion or amount in milk of a carotenoid that is the most common precursor to vitamin A. JSmith 2012-06-21T05:54:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000845 milk beta carotene content CMO:0000845 The proportion or amount in milk of a carotenoid that is the most common precursor to vitamin A. Taber:Taber's_Medical_Dictionary The weight together, after desiccation, of both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. JSmith 2012-06-22T01:21:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000846 both lungs dry weight CMO:0000846 The weight together, after desiccation, of both lungs, the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The weight of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. JSmith 2012-06-22T02:13:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000847 prostate gland weight CMO:0000847 The weight of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight, after desiccation, of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. JSmith 2012-06-22T02:21:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000848 prostate gland dry weight CMO:0000848 The weight, after desiccation, of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. JSmith 2012-06-22T03:07:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000849 ventral prostate gland weight CMO:0000849 The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. JSmith 2012-06-22T03:10:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000850 ventral prostate gland wet weight CMO:0000850 The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland after desiccation. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. JSmith 2012-06-22T03:18:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000851 ventral prostate gland dry weight CMO:0000851 The weight of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland after desiccation. The prostate is the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine The weight of the pituitary gland after desiccation. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2012-06-22T04:32:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000852 pituitary gland dry weight CMO:0000852 The weight of the pituitary gland after desiccation. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the pituitary gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2012-06-22T04:34:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000853 pituitary gland wet weight CMO:0000853 The weight of the pituitary gland after removal from the body but without desiccation. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight of the thymus after desiccation. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2012-06-22T06:02:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000854 thymus dry weight CMO:0000854 The weight of the thymus after desiccation. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the thymus after removal from the body but without desiccation. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2012-06-22T06:03:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000855 thymus wet weight CMO:0000855 The weight of the thymus after removal from the body but without desiccation. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after desiccation of one or both of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. JSmith 2012-06-22T06:06:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000856 testis dry weight CMO:0000856 The weight after desiccation of one or both of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-06-22T06:07:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000857 both testes dry weight CMO:0000857 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the lung(s), the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. JSmith 2012-06-26T10:36:43Z EFO:0006898 airway wall thickness measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000858 lung morphological measurement CMO:0000858 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the lung(s), the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-06-26T11:34:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000859 organ tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000859 Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an organ lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-06-26T11:46:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000860 organ non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000860 Measurement of an organ lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of a heart lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-06-26T12:53:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000861 heart non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000861 Measurement of a heart lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-06-26T12:59:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000862 testis lesion measurement CMO:0000862 Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-06-26T01:16:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000863 testis non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000863 Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens, which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-06-26T01:19:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000864 testis tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000864 Measurement of a lesion of the testes, the male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens, which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of a lesion of the heart which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-06-26T01:22:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000865 heart tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000865 Measurement of a lesion of the heart which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion of the mammary gland which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-06-26T01:39:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000866 mammary gland tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000866 Measurement of a lesion of the mammary gland which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-07-02T10:07:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000867 calculated abdominal fat pad weight CMO:0000867 The volume of a single isolated fat cell, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:26:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000868 This is not to be used for measurement of a tissue. For tissue-level measurements use terms from the "body fat" branches of the ontology. adipocyte volume CMO:0000868 The volume of a single isolated fat cell, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of glucose transported into a sample of fat cells. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:37:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000869 adipocyte glucose uptake measurement CMO:0000869 Measurement of the amount of glucose transported into a sample of fat cells. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of glucose that can be transported into a fat cell. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:42:40Z adipocyte maximum glucose uptake insulin-stimulated adipocyte maximal glucose uptake clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000870 adipocyte maximal glucose uptake CMO:0000870 Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of glucose that can be transported into a fat cell. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of glucose transported into a fat cell. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:48:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology adipocyte baseline glucose uptake CMO:0000871 adipocyte basal glucose uptake CMO:0000871 Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of glucose transported into a fat cell. Glucose is the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. Fat cells are connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-07-02T11:52:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000872 calculated adipocyte glucose uptake measurement CMO:0000872 The difference in the amount of glucose transported into a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of insulin. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:53:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology incremental glucose uptake CMO:0000873 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in adipocyte glucose uptake CMO:0000873 The difference in the amount of glucose transported into a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of insulin. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The relationship between the maximum and minimum amounts of glucose which are transported into a fat cell, usually expressed as a decimal fraction. JSmith 2012-07-02T11:55:35Z insulin-stimulated adipocyte maximal glucose uptake to basal glucose uptake ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000874 adipocyte maximal glucose uptake to basal glucose uptake ratio CMO:0000874 The relationship between the maximum and minimum amounts of glucose which are transported into a fat cell, usually expressed as a decimal fraction. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of free fatty acids, i.e. those not bound to other molecules or moieties, secreted from a fat cell. Free fatty acid secretion can be used as a measure of lipolysis in adipocytes. JSmith 2012-07-02T12:15:05Z adipocyte free fatty acid release measurement clinical_measurement_ontology adipocyte NEFA release measurement adipocyte NEFA secretion measurement adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid release measurement adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid secretion measurement CMO:0000875 adipocyte free fatty acid secretion measurement CMO:0000875 Measurement of the amount of free fatty acids, i.e. those not bound to other molecules or moieties, secreted from a fat cell. Free fatty acid secretion can be used as a measure of lipolysis in adipocytes. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:09:24Z adipocyte basal free fatty acid release adipocyte baseline free fatty acid secretion clinical_measurement_ontology adipocyte basal NEFA release adipocyte basal NEFA secretion adipocyte basal non-esterified fatty acid release adipocyte basal non-esterified fatty acid secretion CMO:0000876 adipocyte basal free fatty acid secretion CMO:0000876 Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid that can be released/secreted from a fat cell. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:09:33Z adipocyte maximal free fatty acid release adipocyte maximum free fatty acid secretion isoproterenol-stimulated adipocyte maximal free fatty acid secretion clinical_measurement_ontology adipocyte absolute NEFA secretion adipocyte absolute fatty acid secretion adipocyte maximal NEFA release adipocyte maximal NEFA secretion adipocyte maximal non-esterified fatty acid release adipocyte maximal non-esterified fatty acid secretion CMO:0000877 adipocyte maximal free fatty acid secretion CMO:0000877 Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid that can be released/secreted from a fat cell. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-07-03T09:12:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000878 calculated adipocyte free fatty acid secretion measurement CMO:0000878 The difference in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:13:23Z absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid release clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in adipocyte NEFA release absolute change in adipocyte NEFA secretion absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid release absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid secretion adipocyte incremental NEFA secretion adipocyte incremental free fatty acid secretion CMO:0000879 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid secretion CMO:0000879 The difference in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The relationship between the maximum and minimum amounts of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell, usually expressed as a decimal fraction. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:37:02Z isoproterenol-stimulated adipocyte free fatty acid secretion minus adipocyte basal free fatty acid secretion clinical_measurement_ontology adipocyte maximal NEFA secretion to basal NEFA secretion ratio adipocyte maximal non-esterified fatty acid secretion to basal non-esterified fatty acid secretion ratio CMO:0000880 adipocyte maximal free fatty acid secretion to basal free fatty acid secretion ratio CMO:0000880 The relationship between the maximum and minimum amounts of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell, usually expressed as a decimal fraction. RGD:JRS Any measurement of one or more lesion(s) in the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:48:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000881 prostate lesion measurement CMO:0000881 Any measurement of one or more lesion(s) in the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine Measurement of one or more prostate lesion(s) which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T09:59:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000882 prostate tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000882 Measurement of one or more prostate lesion(s) which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display prostate tumorous lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:02:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology prostate tumorous lesion frequency prostate tumorous lesion prevalence CMO:0000883 percentage of study population displaying prostate tumorous lesions at a point in time CMO:0000883 The number of individuals in a study population which display prostate tumorous lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of tumorous lesions in the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:05:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000884 prostate tumorous lesion number CMO:0000884 The number of tumorous lesions in the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or of the amount of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:16:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000885 prostate tumorous lesion size measurement CMO:0000885 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or of the amount of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:19:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000886 prostate tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0000886 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:21:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000887 area of prostate occupied by tumorous lesions CMO:0000887 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:22:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000888 area of individual prostate tumorous lesion CMO:0000888 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:24:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000889 calculated prostate tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0000889 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the area of the prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T10:25:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology area of prostate occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total prostate area CMO:0000890 area of prostate occupied by tumorous lesions to total prostate area ratio CMO:0000890 A calculated measurement in which the area of the prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS Measurement of one or more tumorous lesion(s) of the ventral lobe of the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T11:36:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000891 ventral prostate tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000891 Measurement of one or more tumorous lesion(s) of the ventral lobe of the prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of tumorous lesions in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T11:54:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000892 ventral prostate tumorous lesion number CMO:0000892 The number of tumorous lesions in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumorous lesions of the ventral lobe of the prostate at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T11:55:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology ventral prostate tumorous lesion frequency ventral prostate tumorous lesion prevalence CMO:0000893 percentage of study population displaying ventral prostate tumorous lesions at a point in time CMO:0000893 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumorous lesions of the ventral lobe of the prostate at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral lobe of the prostate, or of the amount of the ventral lobe of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:22:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000894 ventral prostate tumorous lesion size measurement CMO:0000894 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral lobe of the prostate, or of the amount of the ventral lobe of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the area of an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral lobe of the prostate, or of the area of the ventral lobe of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:23:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000895 ventral prostate tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0000895 Any measurement of the area of an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral lobe of the prostate, or of the area of the ventral lobe of the prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:25:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000896 area of individual ventral prostate tumorous lesion CMO:0000896 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:25:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000897 area of ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions CMO:0000897 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the ventral prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:26:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000898 calculated ventral prostate tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0000898 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the ventral prostate, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the ventral prostate when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-03T01:28:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology area of ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total ventral prostate area CMO:0000899 area of ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions to total ventral prostate area ratio CMO:0000899 A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the ventral lobe of the prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the wet weight of one of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2012-07-09T05:02:55Z single testis wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000900 single testis wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000900 A calculated measurement in which the wet weight of one of the testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the wet weight of both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2012-07-09T05:03:46Z both testes wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000901 both testes wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000901 A calculated measurement in which the wet weight of both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the prostate gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-09T05:46:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000902 prostate tumor measurement CMO:0000902 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the prostate gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the urinary bladder, the elastic, muscular sac in which urine collects before excretion. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:08:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000903 urinary bladder morphological measurement CMO:0000903 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the urinary bladder, the elastic, muscular sac in which urine collects before excretion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of the ureter, one or both of the long, narrow ducts that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:17:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000904 ureter morphological measurement CMO:0000904 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the ureter, one or both of the long, narrow ducts that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of the urethra, the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:19:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000905 urethra morphological measurement CMO:0000905 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the urethra, the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the kidney or any part thereof. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:34:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000906 kidney measurement CMO:0000906 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the kidney or any part thereof. RGD:JRS Renal blood flow (RBF) is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:38:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000907 renal blood flow rate CMO:0000907 Renal blood flow (RBF) is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow Arterial renal blood flow (RBFa) is the volume of blood delivered to the kidneys per unit time via the renal arteries. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:44:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000908 renal arterial blood flow rate CMO:0000908 Arterial renal blood flow (RBFa) is the volume of blood delivered to the kidneys per unit time via the renal arteries. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow Venous renal blood flow (RBFv) is the volume of blood exiting from the kidneys per unit time via the renal veins. JSmith 2012-07-11T10:48:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000909 renal venous blood flow rate CMO:0000909 Venous renal blood flow (RBFv) is the volume of blood exiting from the kidneys per unit time via the renal veins. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow Measurement of a lesion of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-11T11:07:42Z MA:0000168 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000910 brain lesion measurement CMO:0000910 Measurement of a lesion of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of all or part of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2012-07-11T11:08:16Z EFO:0004464 EFO:0007738 MA:0000168 brain measurement cingulate cortex measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000911 brain measurement CMO:0000911 Any measurement of all or part of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of a brain lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-07-11T11:20:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000912 brain non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000912 Measurement of a brain lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-11T11:22:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000913 brain tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0000913 Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated value in which the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-07-11T12:08:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000914 heart right ventricle weight to body weight ratio CMO:0000914 A calculated value in which the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated value in which the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-07-11T12:09:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000915 heart right ventricle weight as a percentage of body weight CMO:0000915 A calculated value in which the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the bodily system that consists of the muscles, bones, joints, and related structures, such as the tendons and connective tissue and which supports and protects the body, functions in the movement of body parts and organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. JSmith 2012-07-12T10:30:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000916 musculoskeletal system measurement CMO:0000916 Measurement of the bodily system that consists of the muscles, bones, joints, and related structures, such as the tendons and connective tissue and which supports and protects the body, functions in the movement of body parts and organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of one or more of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. JSmith 2012-07-12T10:36:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000917 joint measurement CMO:0000917 Measurement of one or more of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of inflammation of one or more joints. Inflammation is a protective tissue response to injury or destruction of tissues often characterized by pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function and histologically involving vasodilation, increased vascular permiability and blood flow, exudation of fluids, and leukocytic migration into the inflammatory focus. JSmith 2012-07-12T10:56:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000918 joint inflammation measurement CMO:0000918 Measurement of inflammation of one or more joints. Inflammation is a protective tissue response to injury or destruction of tissues often characterized by pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function and histologically involving vasodilation, increased vascular permiability and blood flow, exudation of fluids, and leukocytic migration into the inflammatory focus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of joint inflammation which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2012-07-12T11:10:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000919 joint inflammation composite score CMO:0000919 A measurement of joint inflammation which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS Measurement of the ability of platelets to aggregate in response to a known platelet aggregating factor such as collagen, ADP or thrombin. JSmith 2012-07-12T11:47:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology platelet aggregation test CMO:0000920 platelet aggregation measurement CMO:0000920 Measurement of the ability of platelets to aggregate in response to a known platelet aggregating factor such as collagen, ADP or thrombin. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. JSmith 2012-07-12T01:22:42Z EFO:0005036 platelet measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000921 platelet measurement CMO:0000921 Any measurement of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount or concentration of calcium within platelets. JSmith 2012-07-12T01:29:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000922 platelet intracellular calcium level CMO:0000922 Measurement of the amount or concentration of calcium within platelets. RGD:JRS Any measurement which is used to assess the ability of platelets to become activated, aggregate and promote clotting. JSmith 2012-07-12T01:37:06Z EFO:0004985 platelet reactivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000923 platelet function measurement CMO:0000923 Any measurement which is used to assess the ability of platelets to become activated, aggregate and promote clotting. http://labtestsonline.org/ A non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-16T10:52:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology stroke measurement CMO:0000924 cerebrovascular lesion measurement CMO:0000924 A non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-16T11:08:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebrovascular lesion prevalence stroke prevalence CMO:0000925 percentage of study population displaying cerebrovascular lesions at a point in time CMO:0000925 The number of individuals in a study population which display non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a disease at a point in time or develop a disease within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T11:32:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000926 Epidemiologically, incidence specifically refers to "the rate at which a certain event occurs, as the number of new cases of a specific disease occurring during a certain period in a population at risk" (Dorland), but in popular usage it can also be used as a measure of the number of individuals in a population which have a particular condition, i.e. as a synonym for prevalence. disease incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000926 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a disease at a point in time or develop a disease within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying at a point in time one or more tumors--that is, abnormal growth(s) of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function-- of a particular organ or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T11:44:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000927 tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000927 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying at a point in time one or more tumors--that is, abnormal growth(s) of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function-- of a particular organ or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more tumorous lesion(s) of a particular organ at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, but which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:05:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000928 organ tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000928 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more tumorous lesion(s) of a particular organ at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, but which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of a particular organ at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, which is not neoplastic in origin; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:07:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000929 organ non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000929 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of a particular organ at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, which is not neoplastic in origin; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the brain at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, which is not neoplastic in origin; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions of the brain would include infarctions, hemorrhages, etc. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:14:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000930 brain non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000930 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the brain at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, which is not neoplastic in origin; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions of the brain would include infarctions, hemorrhages, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion(s) at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:22:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000931 cerebrovascular non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000931 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion(s) at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesions during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:32:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebrovascular lesions incidence stroke incidence CMO:0000932 percentage of study population developing cerebrovascular lesions during a period of time CMO:0000932 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesions during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A non-tumorous cerebrovascular lesion is a non-neoplastic, localized, pathological change in the structure of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and/or blood supply of the brain, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of prostate tumorous lesions during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:38:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology prostate tumorous lesion incidence CMO:0000933 percentage of study population developing prostate tumorous lesions during a period of time CMO:0000933 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of prostate tumorous lesions during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more prostate tumorous lesion(s) at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:41:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000934 prostate tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000934 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more prostate tumorous lesion(s) at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying at a point in time one or more prostate tumors--that is, abnormal growth(s) of the tissue of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen, resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function--or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T12:50:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000935 prostate tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000935 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying at a point in time one or more prostate tumors--that is, abnormal growth(s) of the tissue of the prostate gland, the gland surrounding the male urethra just below the base of the bladder which secretes a fluid that constitutes a major portion of the semen, resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function--or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display renal agenesis, the failure to develop one or both kidneys, at a point in time or the number of new cases of renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T02:54:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000936 renal agenesis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000936 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display renal agenesis, the failure to develop one or both kidneys, at a point in time or the number of new cases of renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, at a point in time or the number of new cases of unilateral renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T02:56:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000937 unilateral renal agenesis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000937 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, at a point in time or the number of new cases of unilateral renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, at a point in time or the number of new cases of bilateral renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-07-16T02:59:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000938 bilateral renal agenesis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000938 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, at a point in time or the number of new cases of bilateral renal agenesis which appear within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:10:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology unilateral renal agenesis prevalence CMO:0000939 percentage of study population displaying unilateral renal agenesis at a point in time CMO:0000939 The number of individuals in a study population which display unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:11:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology unilateral renal agenesis incidence CMO:0000940 percentage of study population developing unilateral renal agenesis during a period of time CMO:0000940 The number of new cases of unilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop one of the kidneys, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:30:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology bilateral renal agenesis prevalence CMO:0000941 percentage of study population displaying bilateral renal agenesis at a point in time CMO:0000941 The number of individuals in a study population which display bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:31:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology bilateral renal agenesis incidence CMO:0000942 percentage of study population developing bilateral renal agenesis during a period of time CMO:0000942 The number of new cases of bilateral renal agenesis, the failure to develop both kidneys resulting in a complete lack of kidneys in the individual, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of tumorous lesions of the ventral prostate during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:41:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology ventral prostate tumorous lesion incidence CMO:0000943 percentage of study population developing ventral prostate tumorous lesions during a period of time CMO:0000943 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of tumorous lesions of the ventral prostate during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the prostate gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:57:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology prostate tumor prevalence CMO:0000944 percentage of study population displaying prostate tumors at a point in time CMO:0000944 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the prostate gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of prostate tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-16T03:59:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology prostate tumor incidence CMO:0000945 percentage of study population developing prostate tumors during a period of time CMO:0000945 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of prostate tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the mammary gland at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-16T04:15:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000946 mammary tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0000946 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the mammary gland at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the mammary gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-16T04:16:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology mammary tumor prevalence CMO:0000947 percentage of study population displaying mammary tumors at a point in time CMO:0000947 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the mammary gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of mammary tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2012-07-16T04:18:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology mammary tumor incidence CMO:0000948 percentage of study population developing mammary tumors during a period of time CMO:0000948 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of mammary tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of urine protein which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-18T01:58:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000949 calculated urine protein level CMO:0000949 Any measurement of urine protein which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. RGD:JRS A calculated value in which the weight of the amount of protein in a specific volume of urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-07-18T02:07:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000950 urine protein level to body weight ratio CMO:0000950 A calculated value in which the weight of the amount of protein in a specific volume of urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. RGD:JRS Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the left ventricle of the heart. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2012-07-18T04:24:26Z EFO:0007602 EFO:0008205 left ventricular structural measurement total ventricular volume measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000951 Note, "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. heart left ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0000951 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the left ventricle of the heart. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the right ventricle of the heart. The right ventricle is the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. JSmith 2012-07-18T04:30:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000952 heart right ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0000952 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the right ventricle of the heart. The right ventricle is the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location Any measurement of a change of place or position of all or part of the body of an organism. JSmith 2012-07-19T05:25:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000953 body movement measurement CMO:0000953 Any measurement of a change of place or position of all or part of the body of an organism. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Measurement of a movement of all or part of the body which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. JSmith 2012-07-19T05:28:44Z EFO:0008002 physical activity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000954 voluntary body movement measurement CMO:0000954 Measurement of a movement of all or part of the body which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place or position to another (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) which originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. JSmith 2012-07-23T07:06:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000955 voluntary locomotion measurement CMO:0000955 Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place or position to another (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) which originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2012-07-23T07:53:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000956 measurement of voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000956 Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Oxford:The_Online_Compact_Oxford_English_Dictionary Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2012-07-24T01:33:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000957 measurement of voluntary locomotion into, out of or within a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000957 Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The total amount of time in an experiment that an organism or experimental subject spends in a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus. JSmith 2012-07-24T01:35:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000958 amount of experiment time spent in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000958 The total amount of time in an experiment that an organism or experimental subject spends in a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS The proportion of the total amount of time that an organism or experimental subject spends in an experimental apparatus which is spent in a distinct and specified area of that apparatus, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-24T01:37:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000959 percentage of experiment time spent in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000959 The proportion of the total amount of time that an organism or experimental subject spends in an experimental apparatus which is spent in a distinct and specified area of that apparatus, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus. JSmith 2012-07-24T01:37:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000960 number of entries into a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000960 The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS The proportion of the total number of entries into any area of an experimental apparatus in which an organism or experimental subject enters a distinct and specified area of the apparatus, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-07-24T01:37:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000961 percentage of entries into a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0000961 The proportion of the total number of entries into any area of an experimental apparatus in which an organism or experimental subject enters a distinct and specified area of the apparatus, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of a localized pathological change in structure of a blood vessel due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-26T10:04:12Z EFO:0007938 coronary atherosclerosis measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000962 blood vessel lesion measurement CMO:0000962 Measurement of a localized pathological change in structure of a blood vessel due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of blood vessel diameter which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:15:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000963 calculated blood vessel diameter measurement CMO:0000963 A measurement of blood vessel diameter which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-07-26T12:18:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000964 blood vessel wall thickness CMO:0000964 A measurement of the depth of the wall of a blood vessel which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:20:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000965 calculated blood vessel wall thickness measurement CMO:0000965 A measurement of the depth of the wall of a blood vessel which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS A measurement of the depth of the wall of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:23:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000966 artery wall thickness CMO:0000966 A measurement of the depth of the wall of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the depth of the wall of an artery which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:27:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000967 calculated artery wall thickness measurement CMO:0000967 A measurement of the depth of the wall of an artery which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-07-26T12:32:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000968 artery diameter CMO:0000968 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:39:26Z blood vessel lumen diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000969 blood vessel inner diameter CMO:0000969 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. RGD:JRS The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:41:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000970 blood vessel outer diameter CMO:0000970 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a blood vessel, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. RGD:JRS The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:43:00Z artery lumen diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000971 artery inner diameter CMO:0000971 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. RGD:JRS The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:44:18Z artery exyernal diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000972 artery outer diameter CMO:0000972 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. RGD:JRS Measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at either the inner surface or outer surface of the blood vessel wall, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:48:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000973 calculated artery diameter measurement CMO:0000973 Measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at either the inner surface or outer surface of the blood vessel wall, which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. RGD:JRS Any measurement of one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:57:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000974 artery measurement CMO:0000974 Any measurement of one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of any localized pathological change in structure of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-26T12:59:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000975 artery lesion measurement CMO:0000975 Measurement of any localized pathological change in structure of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues, due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of an artery due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-26T02:04:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000976 calculated artery lesion measurement CMO:0000976 Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of an artery due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. RGD:JRS Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of a blood vessel due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-07-26T02:13:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000977 calculated blood vessel lesion measurement CMO:0000977 Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any localized pathological change in structure of a blood vessel due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. RGD:JRS A calculated measurement in which the ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of a blood vessel is divided by the inner diameter (ID) of that vessel at that location, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, for example, WT/ID x 100. This measurement is often used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. JSmith 2012-07-26T02:14:51Z blood vessel wall thickness as percentage of blood vessel lumen diameter clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel stenosis measurement blood vessel wall thickness as percentage of blood vessel inner diameter CMO:0000978 blood vessel wall thickness to blood vessel inner diameter ratio CMO:0000978 A calculated measurement in which the ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of a blood vessel is divided by the inner diameter (ID) of that vessel at that location, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, for example, WT/ID x 100. This measurement is often used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS Ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of an artery to inner diameter (ID) of that artery at that location, usually expressed as a percentage, i.e. WT/ID x 100, but could also be expressed as a ratio, fraction or quotient. This measurement can be used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. JSmith 2012-07-26T02:16:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology arterial stenosis measurement artery wall thickness as percentage of artery inner diameter artery wall thickness as percentage of artery lumen diameter CMO:0000979 artery wall thickness to artery inner diameter ratio CMO:0000979 Ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of an artery to inner diameter (ID) of that artery at that location, usually expressed as a percentage, i.e. WT/ID x 100, but could also be expressed as a ratio, fraction or quotient. This measurement can be used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. RGD:JRS A measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. JSmith 2012-07-26T02:25:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000980 calculated artery inner diameter measurement CMO:0000980 A measurement of the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. An artery is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS Any measurement of components of the periodic tightening and loosening of the muscles of a ventricle of the heart. JSmith 2012-07-26T03:24:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000981 ventricle contraction measurement CMO:0000981 Any measurement of components of the periodic tightening and loosening of the muscles of a ventricle of the heart. RGD:JRS The diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. JSmith 2012-07-27T03:14:05Z LVEDD heart left ventricular end-diastolic diameter left ventricular end-diastolic dimension clinical_measurement_ontology LVDD CMO:0000982 heart left ventricle end-diastolic diameter CMO:0000982 The diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricle_%28heart%29 The diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. JSmith 2012-07-27T03:32:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology LVESD LVSD left ventricular end-systolic dimension CMO:0000983 heart left ventricle end-systolic diameter CMO:0000983 The diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricle_%28heart%29 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2012-07-27T03:42:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000984 calculated heart left ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0000984 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. RGD:JRS Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement corresponding to the ratio or percent reduction in left ventricular diameter between end-diastole and end-systole. Can be calculated as the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) minus the left ventricle end-systolic diameter (LVSd) divided by the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) with the quotient multiplied by 100, i.e. FS = [(LVDd-LVSd)/LVDd] x 100. JSmith 2012-07-27T03:51:33Z fractional shortening EFO:0009285 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000985 heart left ventricle fractional shortening CMO:0000985 A calculated measurement corresponding to the ratio or percent reduction in left ventricular diameter between end-diastole and end-systole. Can be calculated as the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) minus the left ventricle end-systolic diameter (LVSd) divided by the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) with the quotient multiplied by 100, i.e. FS = [(LVDd-LVSd)/LVDd] x 100. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricle_%28heart%29 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart. The ventral/anterior wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. JSmith 2012-07-27T04:11:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart left ventricle ventral wall thickness CMO:0000986 heart left ventricle anterior wall thickness CMO:0000986 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart. The ventral/anterior wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS The thickness or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles. The septal wall is the portion of the heart left ventricle ventral/anterior wall and right ventricle dorsal/posterior wall which is shared between the ventricles. JSmith 2012-07-27T05:59:34Z heart ventricle septal wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology SWT antero-septal wall thickness heart interventricular septum thickness heart intraventricular wall thickness heart ventricle septum thickness heart ventricular septal wall thickness CMO:0000987 heart ventricle septal wall thickness CMO:0000987 The thickness or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles. The septal wall is the portion of the heart left ventricle ventral/anterior wall and right ventricle dorsal/posterior wall which is shared between the ventricles. RGD:JRS A calculated measurement of left ventricular geometry. It is calculated by dividing the end-diastolic diameter into 2x the posterior wall thickness or into the sum of the posterior and septal wall thicknesses. It represents a measure of the wall thickness normalized to the size of the ventricle lumen. JSmith 2012-07-27T06:00:34Z CMO:0000989 RWT heart left ventricle end-diastolic relative wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000988 heart left ventricle relative wall thickness CMO:0000988 A calculated measurement of left ventricular geometry. It is calculated by dividing the end-diastolic diameter into 2x the posterior wall thickness or into the sum of the posterior and septal wall thicknesses. It represents a measure of the wall thickness normalized to the size of the ventricle lumen. http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/120/18_MeetingAbstracts/S883 A calculated measurement of left ventricular geometry and is calculated by dividing the end-diastolic diameter into 2x the posterior wall thickness at end-diastole, 2x the septal wall thickness at end-diastole or the sum of the posterior and septal wall thicknesses at end-diastole. It represents a measure of the wall thickness normalized to the size of the ventricle lumen. JSmith 2012-07-27T06:15:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000989 heart left ventricle end-diastolic relative wall thickness true CMO:0000989 A calculated measurement of left ventricular geometry and is calculated by dividing the end-diastolic diameter into 2x the posterior wall thickness at end-diastole, 2x the septal wall thickness at end-diastole or the sum of the posterior and septal wall thicknesses at end-diastole. It represents a measure of the wall thickness normalized to the size of the ventricle lumen. http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/120/18_MeetingAbstracts/S883 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the heart. The ventral wall is the portion of the heart muscle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. JSmith 2012-07-30T10:15:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart ventral wall thickness CMO:0000990 heart anterior wall thickness CMO:0000990 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the heart. The ventral wall is the portion of the heart muscle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS JSmith 2012-07-30T10:31:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0000991 calculated heart wall thickness measurement CMO:0000991 JSmith 2012-07-30T11:04:28Z EFO:0009286 heart relative wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000992 heart relative wall thickness CMO:0000992 JSmith 2012-07-30T11:05:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000993 heart ventricle relative wall thickness CMO:0000993 The extent of shortening of the minor internal circumference (at the midpoint of the long axis) between end-diastole and end-systole, divided by the time required for shortening. JSmith 2012-07-30T01:25:59Z VCFr Vcf circumferential fiber shortening rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000994 velocity of circumferential fiber shortening CMO:0000994 The extent of shortening of the minor internal circumference (at the midpoint of the long axis) between end-diastole and end-systole, divided by the time required for shortening. PMID:5097436 Any measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the alimentary/gastrointestinal tract, that is, the system of organs within multicellular animals that takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste. The major functions of the alimentary/GI/digestive tract are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and defecation. JSmith 2012-07-30T01:37:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000995 alimentary/gastrointestinal measurement CMO:0000995 Any measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the alimentary/gastrointestinal tract, that is, the system of organs within multicellular animals that takes in food, digests it to extract energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste. The major functions of the alimentary/GI/digestive tract are ingestion, digestion, absorption, and defecation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the right ventricle of the heart. The ventral wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. JSmith 2012-07-30T02:57:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart right ventricle ventral wall thickness CMO:0000996 heart right ventricle anterior wall thickness CMO:0000996 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the right ventricle of the heart. The ventral wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS Any measurement related to the elimination of wastes and undigested food, as feces, from the rectum. JSmith 2012-07-30T03:50:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000997 defecation measurement CMO:0000997 Any measurement related to the elimination of wastes and undigested food, as feces, from the rectum. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed This is a measurement of the number of instances of defecation, or amount of defecation as measured by the number of pieces of fecal matter, or the weight of fecal matter within a specified period of time. JSmith 2012-07-30T04:03:18Z fecal output clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000998 defecation rate CMO:0000998 This is a measurement of the number of instances of defecation, or amount of defecation as measured by the number of pieces of fecal matter, or the weight of fecal matter within a specified period of time. RGD:JRS The ratio of the amount of albumin in the urine, or excreted into the urine in a specified period of time to the amount of low molecular weight proteins in the urine, or excreted into the urine in a specified period of time. JSmith 2012-07-30T05:22:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0000999 urine albumin level to urine low molecular weight protein ratio CMO:0000999 The ratio of the amount of albumin in the urine, or excreted into the urine in a specified period of time to the amount of low molecular weight proteins in the urine, or excreted into the urine in a specified period of time. PMID:17167120 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. JSmith 2012-08-02T01:00:46Z superficial glomeruli count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001000 superficial glomerulus count CMO:0001000 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:3352156 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis, and directly in contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. JSmith 2012-08-02T01:14:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology surface glomeruli count CMO:0001001 count of superficial glomeruli directly contacting the kidney surface CMO:0001001 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis, and directly in contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:6602356 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis but without any direct contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. JSmith 2012-08-02T01:15:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001002 count of superficial glomeruli not directly contacting the kidney surface CMO:0001002 Count of the number of glomeruli located in the superficial layer of the renal cortex, the cortex corticis but without any direct contact with the surface of the kidney, i.e. the renal capsule. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:6602356 Measurement of the amount in blood of any complex chemical substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2012-08-02T03:51:38Z hormone measurement EFO:0004730 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001003 blood hormone level CMO:0001003 Measurement of the amount in blood of any complex chemical substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the amount in blood of an organic compound the basis of which is a characteristic arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings, i.e. three cyclohexane rings and one cyclopentane ring, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2012-08-02T04:07:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001004 blood steroid hormone level CMO:0001004 Measurement of the amount in blood of an organic compound the basis of which is a characteristic arrangement of four fused cycloalkane rings, i.e. three cyclohexane rings and one cyclopentane ring, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroid Measurement of the amount in blood of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2012-08-02T04:35:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001005 blood monoamine hormone level CMO:0001005 Measurement of the amount in blood of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2012-08-02T04:41:29Z blood adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001006 blood epinephrine level CMO:0001006 Measurement of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-08-02T05:03:30Z serum adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001007 serum epinephrine level CMO:0001007 The amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2012-08-02T05:07:31Z plasma adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001008 plasma epinephrine level CMO:0001008 The amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2012-08-02T05:47:58Z blood noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001009 blood norepinephrine level CMO:0001009 Measurement of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2012-08-02T05:51:48Z plasma noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001010 plasma norepinephrine level CMO:0001010 The amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-08-02T05:53:23Z serum noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001011 serum norepinephrine level CMO:0001011 The amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-08-03T06:03:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001012 organ infarction volume CMO:0001012 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. JSmith 2012-08-03T06:04:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebral infarction volume CMO:0001013 brain infarction volume CMO:0001013 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the size of an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. JSmith 2012-08-03T06:04:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebral infarction size CMO:0001014 brain infarction size CMO:0001014 Measurement of the size of an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen supply to the brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-08-03T06:05:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001015 heart infarction volume CMO:0001015 Measurement of any change or difference in the diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. JSmith 2012-08-03T06:17:05Z EFO:0006945 diastolic blood pressure change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001016 change in diastolic blood pressure CMO:0001016 Measurement of any change or difference in the diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 The relative difference in the diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions, expressed as a percentage. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. JSmith 2012-08-03T06:19:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001017 percent change in diastolic blood pressure CMO:0001017 The relative difference in the diastolic blood pressure between two points or two conditions, expressed as a percentage. The diastolic pressure is the minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed ISBN:978-0323073622 Measurement of any change in the difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall over time or after a change in conditions. JSmith 2012-08-07T04:51:32Z depolarization hyperpolarization clinical_measurement_ontology change in transmembrane potential CMO:0001018 change in cell membrane potential CMO:0001018 Measurement of any change in the difference in electrical polarization or charge between two sides of a cell membrane or cell wall over time or after a change in conditions. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Calculated measurement of a difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2012-08-13T01:16:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001019 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in left ventricular systolic blood pressure CMO:0001019 Calculated measurement of a difference in the pressure within the heart left ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the left ventricle into the aorta, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Any measurement having to do with quantitative measures of mortality, death, fatality or survival of an individual or study population. jsmith 2012-08-21T11:03:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001020 mortality/survival measurement CMO:0001020 Any measurement having to do with quantitative measures of mortality, death, fatality or survival of an individual or study population. RGD:JRS This is any quantitative measurement of survival of an individual or a study population. jsmith 2012-08-21T11:43:12Z EFO:0004920 progression free survival clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001021 survival measurement CMO:0001021 This is any quantitative measurement of survival of an individual or a study population. RGD:JRS Any quantitative measurement of death, mortality or fatality in an individual or study population. Death is defined as the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. jsmith 2012-08-21T11:43:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001022 mortality measurement CMO:0001022 Any quantitative measurement of death, mortality or fatality in an individual or study population. Death is defined as the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 RGD:JRS A measure of the total number of deaths occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jsmith 2012-08-21T11:51:52Z CMO:0001024 EFO:0004352 death rate mortality mortality rate death incidence measurement as a ratio death incidence measurement as percent percentage of deaths in a study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001023 ratio of deaths to total study population during a period of time CMO:0001023 A measure of the total number of deaths occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The total number of deaths occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:16:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology death incidence measurement as percent death rate mortality rate CMO:0001024 percentage of deaths in a study population during a period of time true CMO:0001024 The total number of deaths occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortality_rate Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the pituitary gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:51:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001025 pituitary tumor measurement CMO:0001025 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the pituitary gland resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of tumor in the pituitary gland following the administration of a tumor causing agent. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z pituitary tumor latency measurement pituitary tumor latency period pituitary tumor latent period clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001026 post-insult time to pituitary tumor formation CMO:0001026 The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of tumor in the pituitary gland following the administration of a tumor causing agent. RGD:MS The change is size between two points in time for a tumor found within the pituitary gland. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001027 pituitary tumor growth rate CMO:0001027 The change is size between two points in time for a tumor found within the pituitary gland. RGD:MS A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the pituitary gland at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001028 pituitary tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001028 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the pituitary gland at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology pituitary tumor incidence CMO:0001029 percentage of study population developing pituitary tumors during a period of time CMO:0001029 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the pituitary gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology pituitary tumor prevalence CMO:0001030 percentage of study population displaying pituitary tumors at a point in time CMO:0001030 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the pituitary gland compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of tumors found within the pituitary gland. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001031 pituitary tumor number CMO:0001031 The number of tumors found within the pituitary gland. RGD:MS The weight of a tumor found within a pituitary gland. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001032 pituitary tumor weight CMO:0001032 The weight of a tumor found within a pituitary gland. RGD:MS The length of a transverse line moving from side to side through the center of a tumor located in the pituitary gland. jsmith 2012-08-21T12:56:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001033 pituitary tumor diameter CMO:0001033 The length of a transverse line moving from side to side through the center of a tumor located in the pituitary gland. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a pituitary gland lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. The pituitary gland is the gland located at the base of the brain in vertebrates that produces a number of hormones, including those that regulate growth and reproductive functions. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-08-21T04:09:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001034 pituitary gland tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001034 Measurement of a pituitary gland lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. The pituitary gland is the gland located at the base of the brain in vertebrates that produces a number of hormones, including those that regulate growth and reproductive functions. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 Temperature measured at the surface of or within the head of an experimental subject. Because the temperature of the head/brain can influence neurological measurements, head temperature is or can be considered to be distinct from core body temperature. jsmith 2012-08-23T03:27:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology cranial temperature CMO:0001035 head temperature CMO:0001035 Temperature measured at the surface of or within the head of an experimental subject. Because the temperature of the head/brain can influence neurological measurements, head temperature is or can be considered to be distinct from core body temperature. PMID:10595709 RGD:JRS The temperature of the internal tissues and organs of the body. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:06:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology core temperature CMO:0001036 core body temperature CMO:0001036 The temperature of the internal tissues and organs of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before moving to a different space in an experimental apparatus. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:24:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology initial amount of time spent in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus before moving to a different space latency period before first movement outside a discrete space in an experimental apparatus measurement of response latency movement latency period CMO:0001037 time to first movement outside a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001037 The latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before moving to a different space in an experimental apparatus. RGD:JRS RGD:SL Any measurement of the movement of an experimental subject or organism during which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:39:54Z stretch-attend posture measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation SAP measurement CMO:0001038 stretched-attend posture measurement CMO:0001038 Any measurement of the movement of an experimental subject or organism during which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. https://workspace.stanford.edu/sites/mousebehavior/Wiki%20Pages/Investigate%20-%20stretched%20attend.aspx Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject or organism displays a stretched-attend posture movement during an experimental time period. The stretched-attend posture is one during which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:51:04Z number of stretch-attend posture movements clinical_measurement_ontology number of SAP movements CMO:0001039 number of stretched-attend posture movements CMO:0001039 Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject or organism displays a stretched-attend posture movement during an experimental time period. The stretched-attend posture is one during which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. https://workspace.stanford.edu/sites/mousebehavior/Wiki%20Pages/Investigate%20-%20stretched%20attend.aspx The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus in response to a specific external inducement, enticement or encouragement. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:56:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001040 number of prompted entries into a discrete space in an experimental apparatus true CMO:0001040 The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus in response to a specific external inducement, enticement or encouragement. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus without external inducement, enticement or encouragement. jsmith 2012-08-23T04:57:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001041 number of unprompted entries into a discrete space in an experimental apparatus true CMO:0001041 The total number of times during an experiment that an organism or experimental subject enters into a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus without external inducement, enticement or encouragement. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement of a movement or quantifiable behavior which does not involve the movement of the organism from one place to another but which originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. jsmith 2012-08-27T10:19:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation measurement of freeze behavior measurement of freezing behavior CMO:0001042 measurement of voluntary immobility CMO:0001042 Any measurement of a movement or quantifiable behavior which does not involve the movement of the organism from one place to another but which originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the total amount of experiment time that an organism or experimental subject spends frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. jsmith 2012-08-27T10:27:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology amount of time spent frozen amount of time spent in freeze behavior amount of time spent in freezing behavior CMO:0001043 amount of time spent in voluntary immobility CMO:0001043 Measurement of the total amount of experiment time that an organism or experimental subject spends frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Calculated measurement of the relative amount of experiment time that an organism or experimental subject spends frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice, expressed as a percentage. jsmith 2012-08-27T10:28:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology percent of time spent frozen percent of time spent in freeze behavior percent of time spent in freezing behavior CMO:0001044 percent of time spent in voluntary immobility CMO:0001044 Calculated measurement of the relative amount of experiment time that an organism or experimental subject spends frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A count of the number of discrete intervals during which an organism or experimental subject is frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. jsmith 2012-08-27T10:28:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of periods frozen number of periods of freeze behavior number of periods of freezing behavior CMO:0001045 number of periods of voluntary immobility CMO:0001045 A count of the number of discrete intervals during which an organism or experimental subject is frozen, that is, not moving from one place or position to another, when such behavior originated with or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of that organism's free will or choice. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. jsmith 2012-08-27T11:03:49Z EAE incidence/prevalence measurement experimental allergic encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001046 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001046 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of new cases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. jsmith 2012-08-27T11:11:03Z percentage of study population developing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology EAE incidence experimental allergic encephalomyelitis incidence experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence CMO:0001047 percentage of study population developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time CMO:0001047 The number of new cases of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. jsmith 2012-08-27T11:18:10Z percentage of study population displaying experimental allergic encephalomyelitis at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology EAE prevalence experimental allergic encephalomyelitis prevalence experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis prevalence CMO:0001048 percentage of study population displaying experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time CMO:0001048 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the pancreas or any part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:16:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001049 pancreas measurement CMO:0001049 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the pancreas or any part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:29:21Z island of Langerhans measurement islet of Langerhans measurement clinical_measurement_ontology endocrine pancreas measurement CMO:0001050 pancreatic islet measurement CMO:0001050 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the exocrine gland portion of the pancreas, that is, the elongated, racemose gland which secretes digestive enzymes into the intestine. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:33:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001051 exocrine pancreas measurement CMO:0001051 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the exocrine gland portion of the pancreas, that is, the elongated, racemose gland which secretes digestive enzymes into the intestine. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:38:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001052 pancreatic islet morphological measurement CMO:0001052 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of an endocrine gland, that is, a ductless gland that produces and secretes hormones directly into the blood or lymph. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:44:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001053 endocrine gland measurement CMO:0001053 Any measurement of an endocrine gland, that is, a ductless gland that produces and secretes hormones directly into the blood or lymph. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, or a measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas. The pancreatic islets are the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. jsmith 2012-08-28T11:49:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001054 pancreatic islet area CMO:0001054 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, or a measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas. The pancreatic islets are the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Websters_New_World_College_Dictionary--4th_Ed A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, one of the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. jsmith 2012-08-31T11:24:34Z single islet of Langerhans area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001055 single pancreatic islet area CMO:0001055 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, one of the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Websters_New_World_College_Dictionary--4th_Ed A measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas. The pancreatic islets are the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. jsmith 2012-08-31T11:25:32Z total area occupied by islets of Langerhans clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001056 total area occupied by pancreatic islets CMO:0001056 A measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas. The pancreatic islets are the irregular microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, or a measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. jsmith 2012-08-31T11:34:32Z calculated islet of Langerhans area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001057 calculated pancreatic islet area CMO:0001057 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single pancreatic islet, or a measurement of the total area occupied by pancreatic islets in a cross-section of the pancreas which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Webster:Websters_New_World_College_Dictionary--4th_Ed A calculated value in which the area of a cross-section of the pancreas which is occupied by pancreatic islets is divided by the total area of the pancreas cross-section, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreas. jsmith 2012-08-31T11:40:57Z CMO:0001059 ratio of the area occupied by pancreatic islets to total pancreatic area clinical_measurement_ontology pancreatic islet area as percentage of total pancreatic area pancreatic islet area to total pancreas area ratio ratio of the area occupied by islets of Langerhans to total pancreatic area CMO:0001058 pancreatic islet area to total pancreatic area ratio CMO:0001058 A calculated value in which the area of a cross-section of the pancreas which is occupied by pancreatic islets is divided by the total area of the pancreas cross-section, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreas. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A calculated value in which the area of a cross-section of the pancreas which is occupied by pancreatic islets is divided by the total area of the pancreas cross-section and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreas. jsmith 2012-08-31T12:21:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001059 pancreatic islet area to total pancreatic area ratio true CMO:0001059 A calculated value in which the area of a cross-section of the pancreas which is occupied by pancreatic islets is divided by the total area of the pancreas cross-section and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The area of, that is, the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through, the beta cells in a pancreatic islet. A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. jsmith 2012-08-31T12:30:49Z islet of Langerhans beta cell area pancreatic islet beta-cell area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001060 pancreatic islet beta cell area CMO:0001060 The area of, that is, the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through, the beta cells in a pancreatic islet. A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of beta cell area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. jsmith 2012-08-31T12:39:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001061 calculated pancreatic islet beta cell area CMO:0001061 Any measurement of beta cell area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the area occupied by beta cells is divided by the total area of the pancreatic islet and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreatic islet(s). A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. jsmith 2012-08-31T12:47:28Z CMO:0001063 beta cell area as percentage of total islet of Langerhans area ratio of area occupied by beta cells to total pancreatic islet area ratio of beta cell area to total islet of Langerhans area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001062 beta cell area to total pancreatic islet area ratio CMO:0001062 A calculated value in which the area occupied by beta cells is divided by the total area of the pancreatic islet and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreatic islet(s). A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the area occupied by beta cells is divided by the total area of the pancreatic islet and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreatic islet(s). A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. jsmith 2012-08-31T12:48:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001063 beta cell area to total pancreatic islet area ratio true CMO:0001063 A calculated value in which the area occupied by beta cells is divided by the total area of the pancreatic islet and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to the size of the pancreatic islet(s). A beta cell is a type of basophilic cell that makes up most of the bulk of the pancreatic islets (i.e. the islets of Langerhans) and secretes insulin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the liver or any part thereof. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. jsmith 2012-09-04T11:02:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001064 liver measurement CMO:0001064 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the liver or any part thereof. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of a lesion in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins, in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and in the detoxification of noxious substances. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. jsmith 2012-09-04T11:34:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic lesion measurement CMO:0001065 liver lesion measurement CMO:0001065 Measurement of a lesion in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins, in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and in the detoxification of noxious substances. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a liver lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. jsmith 2012-09-04T11:42:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001066 liver non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001066 Measurement of a liver lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a liver lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T11:43:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001067 liver tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001067 Measurement of a liver lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of tumorous lesions in or on the surface of the liver, or in a specified section of the liver, the large, highly vascularized organ located in the abdomen of vertebrates that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins, in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and in the detoxification of noxious substances. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T01:02:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumorous lesion number CMO:0001068 liver tumorous lesion number CMO:0001068 The number of tumorous lesions in or on the surface of the liver, or in a specified section of the liver, the large, highly vascularized organ located in the abdomen of vertebrates that secretes bile and is active in the formation of certain blood proteins, in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and in the detoxification of noxious substances. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or of the amount of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T01:04:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumorous lesion size measurement CMO:0001069 liver tumorous lesion size measurement CMO:0001069 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or of the amount of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:00:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation hepatic tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0001070 liver tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0001070 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of, or of a plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:03:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001071 area of individual liver tumorous lesion CMO:0001071 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of, or of a plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:03:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001072 area of liver occupied by tumorous lesions CMO:0001072 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:03:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001073 calculated liver tumorous lesion area measurement CMO:0001073 Measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface or plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by tumorous lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of the area of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions compared to the total area of the liver, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:04:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology percent tumorous foci area in liver CMO:0001074 area of liver occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total liver area true CMO:0001074 A calculated measurement of the area of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions compared to the total area of the liver, expressed as a percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS A calculated value in which area of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the liver and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:04:57Z CMO:0001074 area of liver occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total liver area percent tumorous foci area in liver clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumorous lesion area to total liver area ratio CMO:0001075 liver tumorous lesion area to total liver area ratio CMO:0001075 A calculated value in which area of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total area of the liver and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:22:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001076 liver tumorous lesion diameter measurement CMO:0001076 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion, or of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:23:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation hepatic tumorous lesion volume measurement CMO:0001077 liver tumorous lesion volume measurement CMO:0001077 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion, or of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:55:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology volume of individual hepatic tumorous lesion CMO:0001078 volume of individual liver tumorous lesion CMO:0001078 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T02:59:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001079 volume of liver occupied by tumorous lesions CMO:0001079 Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion, or of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. jsmith 2012-09-04T03:01:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated hepatic tumorous lesion volume measurement CMO:0001080 calculated liver tumorous lesion volume measurement CMO:0001080 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an individual liver tumorous lesion, or of the total three dimensional space occupied by tumorous lesions in the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is compared to the total volume of the liver and expressed as a percentage thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. jsmith 2012-09-04T03:04:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001081 volume of liver occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total liver volume true CMO:0001081 A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is compared to the total volume of the liver and expressed as a percentage thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A calculated value in which volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. jsmith 2012-09-04T03:06:12Z CMO:0001081 volume of liver occupied by tumorous lesions as percentage of total liver volume clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumorous lesion volume to total liver volume ratio liver tumorous lesion volume fraction CMO:0001082 liver tumorous lesion volume to total liver volume ratio CMO:0001082 A calculated value in which volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the mammary gland, the specialized exocrine gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. jsmith 2012-09-04T04:40:53Z CMO:0000414 EFO:0004884 mammary gland morphological measurement breast size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001083 mammary gland morphological measurement CMO:0001083 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the mammary gland, the specialized exocrine gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the number of mammary gland terminal end buds in a specified sample. Terminal end buds are the highly proliferative structures found at the tips of mammary ducts as they elongate into the mammary fat pad during mammary gland development. jsmith 2012-09-04T04:45:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001084 mammary gland terminal end bud count CMO:0001084 Measurement of the number of mammary gland terminal end buds in a specified sample. Terminal end buds are the highly proliferative structures found at the tips of mammary ducts as they elongate into the mammary fat pad during mammary gland development. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammary_gland_development The number of natural killer (NK) cells in a specified volume of blood. NK cells are cells capable of mediating cytotoxic reactions without themselves being specifically sensitized against the target and are critical to the innate immune system. jsmith 2012-09-04T06:12:08Z NK cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001085 This term is not to be used for the number of natural killer T (NKT) cells which are a subclass of T cells. blood natural killer cell count CMO:0001085 The number of natural killer (NK) cells in a specified volume of blood. NK cells are cells capable of mediating cytotoxic reactions without themselves being specifically sensitized against the target and are critical to the innate immune system. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of natural killer T (NKT) cells in a specified volume of blood. NKT cells are a specialized population of T cells that express both a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR alpha beta) and surface antigens typically associated with natural killer cells. jsmith 2012-09-04T06:28:02Z NKT cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001086 This term is not to be used for natural killer (NK) cells. blood natural killer T cell count CMO:0001086 The number of natural killer T (NKT) cells in a specified volume of blood. NKT cells are a specialized population of T cells that express both a semi-invariant T cell receptor (TCR alpha beta) and surface antigens typically associated with natural killer cells. http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_group.aspx?g=2851&r=4&g2=695 The number of CD4-positive T helper lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. Th cells are differentiated T lymphocytes which express the CD4 (also known as the T4 antigen) on their surface and cooperate with other lymphocytes, e.g. with B lymphocytes in the synthesis of antibody to many antigens; they play an integral role in immunoregulation. jsmith 2012-09-04T06:54:22Z EFO:0010105 CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology Th cell count helper T cell count CMO:0001087 blood CD4+ T helper cell count CMO:0001087 The number of CD4-positive T helper lymphocytes in a specified volume of blood. Th cells are differentiated T lymphocytes which express the CD4 (also known as the T4 antigen) on their surface and cooperate with other lymphocytes, e.g. with B lymphocytes in the synthesis of antibody to many antigens; they play an integral role in immunoregulation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a liver lesion resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:12:37Z EFO:0010576 clinical_measurement_ontology liver fibrosis measurement CMO:0001088 liver fibrotic lesion measurement CMO:0001088 Measurement of a liver lesion resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement of the size of an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or of the amount of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:18:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver fibrosis size measurement CMO:0001089 liver fibrotic lesion size measurement CMO:0001089 Any measurement of the size of an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or of the amount of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the liver. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:20:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver fibrosis area measurement CMO:0001090 liver fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0001090 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the liver. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:22:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001091 area of individual liver fibrotic lesion CMO:0001091 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:25:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology area of liver occupied by fibrosis CMO:0001092 area of liver occupied by fibrotic lesions CMO:0001092 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:26:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated liver fibrosis area measurement CMO:0001093 calculated liver fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0001093 Any measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual fibrotic lesion in the liver, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the liver when such a measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the area of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total area of the liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:29:10Z CMO:0001095 liver fibrotic lesion area to total liver area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology area of liver occupied by fibrosis as percentage of total liver area area of liver occupied by fibrotic lesions as percentage of total liver area liver fibrosis area to total liver area ratio CMO:0001094 area of liver occupied by fibrotic lesions to total liver area ratio CMO:0001094 A calculated measurement in which the area of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total area of the liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A fibrotic lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, resulting from a process of fibrosis, the proliferation of fibroblasts and fibrous tissue, usually in response to an injury, inflammation or infection. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A calculated value in which area of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total area of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. JSmith 2012-09-06T01:31:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001095 liver fibrotic lesion area to total liver area ratio true CMO:0001095 A calculated value in which area of the liver occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total area of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine JSmith 2012-09-12T05:23:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001096 apoptotic cell measurement CMO:0001096 JSmith 2012-09-12T05:42:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001097 calculated apoptotic cell measurement CMO:0001097 A calculated measurement in which the number of cells in a specified sample that stain positively in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay (i.e. in which the DNA is fragmented and therefore is labeled by the terminal transferase, a marker of apoptosis) is divided by the total number of cells in the sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2012-09-12T05:43:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of TUNEL-positivecells as percentage of total number of cells number of apoptotic cells as percentage of total number of cells CMO:0001098 TUNEL-positive cell number to total cell number ratio CMO:0001098 A calculated measurement in which the number of cells in a specified sample that stain positively in the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay (i.e. in which the DNA is fragmented and therefore is labeled by the terminal transferase, a marker of apoptosis) is divided by the total number of cells in the sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TUNEL_assay A calculated value in which the amount of protein excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-09-12T05:56:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology urine total protein excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001099 urine protein excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001099 A calculated value in which the amount of protein excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:00:56Z RT6.1 T lymphocyte count RT6.1 positive T cell count RT6.1+ T cell count RT6.1+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001100 blood RT6.1 cell count CMO:0001100 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:03:46Z RT6.2 T lymphocyte count RT6.2 positive T cell count RT6.2+ T cell count RT6.2+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001101 blood RT6.2 cell count CMO:0001101 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:05:32Z activated T cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001102 blood activated T lymphocyte count CMO:0001102 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:07:31Z TH1 cell count clinical_measurement_ontology type 1 helper T cell count CMO:0001103 blood Th1 cell count CMO:0001103 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:12:41Z TH2 cell count clinical_measurement_ontology type 2 helper T cell count CMO:0001104 blood Th2 cell count CMO:0001104 A calculated measurement in which the number of CD4-positive T lymphocytes of the T helper 1 type in a specified sample of blood is divided by the number of CD4-positive T lymphocytes of the T helper 2 type in the same sample and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2012-09-12T06:13:40Z CMO:0001106 TH1 cell to TH2 cell ratio TH1 cell to TH2 cell ratio as percentage blood Th1 cell to Th2 cell ratio as percentage clinical_measurement_ontology type 1 helper T cell to type 2 helper T cell ratio type 1 helper T cell to type 2 helper T cell ratio as percentage CMO:0001105 blood CD4Th1 cell to CD4 Th2 cell ratio CMO:0001105 A calculated measurement in which the number of CD4-positive T lymphocytes of the T helper 1 type in a specified sample of blood is divided by the number of CD4-positive T lymphocytes of the T helper 2 type in the same sample and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2012-09-12T06:15:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001106 blood Th1 cell to Th2 cell ratio as percentage true CMO:0001106 Any measurement that deals with the process or development of a disease state, for example, the onset, progression or severity of the disease or its symptoms. JSmith 2012-09-13T11:52:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001107 disease process measurement CMO:0001107 Any measurement that deals with the process or development of a disease state, for example, the onset, progression or severity of the disease or its symptoms. RGD:JRS Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a disease, or to the official determination of a disease as the cause of the observed symptom(s). JSmith 2012-09-13T11:55:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001108 disease onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001108 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a disease, or to the official determination of a disease as the cause of the observed symptom(s). McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of a disease state has caused pain or damage, established one or more lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. JSmith 2012-09-13T11:55:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001109 disease severity measurement CMO:0001109 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of a disease state has caused pain or damage, established one or more lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS Any measurement related to the course of a disease, for example, a series of stages or a succession of states in the disease process. JSmith 2012-09-13T11:56:15Z EFO:0008336 disease progression measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001110 disease progression measurement CMO:0001110 Any measurement related to the course of a disease, for example, a series of stages or a succession of states in the disease process. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of diabetes mellitus, or to the official determination of diabetes mellitus as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. JSmith 2012-09-13T11:56:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001111 diabetes mellitus onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001111 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of diabetes mellitus, or to the official determination of diabetes mellitus as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of diabetes mellitus first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was first determined. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. JSmith 2012-09-13T11:57:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001112 age at onset/diagnosis of diabetes mellitus CMO:0001112 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of diabetes mellitus first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of diabetes mellitus was first determined. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses either the total number of cases of diabetes mellitus in a population at a given point in time or the rate of occurrence of new cases of diabetes mellitus, that is, the proportion of the population which develop the condition within a period of time. JSmith 2012-09-13T12:07:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001113 diabetes mellitus incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001113 Any measurement which expresses either the total number of cases of diabetes mellitus in a population at a given point in time or the rate of occurrence of new cases of diabetes mellitus, that is, the proportion of the population which develop the condition within a period of time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incidence_%28epidemiology%29#Incidence_vs._prevalence The number of new cases of diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. JSmith 2012-09-13T12:08:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology diabetes incidence diabetes mellitus incidence CMO:0001114 percentage of study population developing diabetes mellitus during a period of time CMO:0001114 The number of new cases of diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display diabetes mellitus at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. JSmith 2012-09-13T12:09:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology diabetes mellitus prevalence diabetes prevalence CMO:0001115 percentage of study population displaying diabetes mellitus at a point in time CMO:0001115 The number of individuals in a study population which display diabetes mellitus at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more apoptotic bodies, small sealed membrane vesicles that are produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. JSmith 2012-09-13T02:34:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001116 calculated apoptotic body measurement CMO:0001116 Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more apoptotic bodies, small sealed membrane vesicles that are produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. COPE:Cytokines_&_Cells_Encyclopedia Any measurement related to an enzyme, a protein that acts as a catalyst, increasing the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction, in the liver or in a sample of liver tissue. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2012-09-13T03:56:46Z EFO:0004582 hepatic enzyme measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001117 liver enzyme measurement CMO:0001117 Any measurement related to an enzyme, a protein that acts as a catalyst, increasing the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction, in the liver or in a sample of liver tissue. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the amount of ezymatic activity of ornithine decarboxylase, that is, the ability of the protein to catalyze the decarboxylation of ornithine (a product of the urea cycle) to form putrescine, the rate-limiting and first committed step in polyamine synthesis. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2012-09-13T03:57:41Z EC:4.1.1.17 hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity clinical_measurement_ontology liver ODC activity CMO:0001118 liver ornithine decarboxylase activity CMO:0001118 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the amount of ezymatic activity of ornithine decarboxylase, that is, the ability of the protein to catalyze the decarboxylation of ornithine (a product of the urea cycle) to form putrescine, the rate-limiting and first committed step in polyamine synthesis. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithine_decarboxylase Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73 in a specified volume of whole blood. R73 is a monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor. JSmith 2012-09-13T05:27:15Z R73+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology T cell receptor alpha/beta positive cell count TCR alpha/beta positive cell count CMO:0001119 blood R73 cell count CMO:0001119 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73 in a specified volume of whole blood. R73 is a monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed PMCID:PMC2189202 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a sample of blood which express a surface antigen recognised by R73 is divided by the total number of mononuclear cells in that sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a one-lobed nucleus and without cytoplasmic granules. JSmith 2012-09-13T05:30:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001120 blood R73 cell to total mononuclear cell ratio CMO:0001120 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a sample of blood which express a surface antigen recognised by R73 is divided by the total number of mononuclear cells in that sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a one-lobed nucleus and without cytoplasmic granules. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mononuclear_cell A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD4 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2012-09-13T05:31:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001121 blood CD4 cell to R73 cell ratio CMO:0001121 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD4 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. R73 is a monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor. JSmith 2012-09-13T05:33:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001122 blood CD8 cell count to R73 cell count ratio CMO:0001122 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing a surface antigen recognised by R73, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. R73 is a monoclonal antibody that appears to be specific for a constant determinant of the rat alpha/beta heterodimeric T cell receptor. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMCID:PMC2189202 A measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the weight of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, its the heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2012-09-13T06:09:33Z EFO:0009289 left ventricular mass clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001123 calculated heart left ventricle weight CMO:0001123 A measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the weight of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, its the heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The heart left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed JSmith 2012-09-13T06:11:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001124 calculated heart right ventricle weight CMO:0001124 JSmith 2012-09-13T06:14:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001125 calculated heart right ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0001125 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum. JSmith 2012-10-03T05:31:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology cerebral artery lumen diameter CMO:0001126 cerebral artery inner diameter CMO:0001126 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:JRS The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an anterior cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is one of a pair of arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the most medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes of the brain. JSmith 2012-10-03T05:39:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology ACA inner diameter anterior cerebral artery lumen diameter CMO:0001127 anterior cerebral artery inner diameter CMO:0001127 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an anterior cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The anterior cerebral artery (ACA) is one of a pair of arteries that supply oxygenated blood to the most medial portions of the frontal lobes and superior medial parietal lobes of the brain. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_cerebral_artery The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. JSmith 2012-10-03T05:48:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology MCA inner diameter middle cerebral artery lumen diameter CMO:0001128 middle cerebral artery inner diameter CMO:0001128 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_cerebral_artery The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a posterior cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is one of a pair of blood vessels that supply blood to the posterior aspect, i.e. the occipital lobe, of the brain. JSmith 2012-10-03T05:59:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology PCA inner diameter posterior cerebral artery lumen diameter CMO:0001129 posterior cerebral artery inner diameter CMO:0001129 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a posterior cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall. The posterior cerebral artery (PCA) is one of a pair of blood vessels that supply blood to the posterior aspect, i.e. the occipital lobe, of the brain. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cerebral_artery Measurement of a lesion in kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-10-08T02:59:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001130 kidney lesion measurement CMO:0001130 Measurement of a lesion in kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion in the kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-10-08T03:01:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001131 kidney non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001131 Measurement of a lesion in the kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion in the kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-10-08T03:03:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001132 kidney tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001132 Measurement of a lesion in the kidney, he organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within a kidney glomerulus, a tuft of capillaries situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney, that filters waste products from the blood and thus initiates urine formation. JSmith 2012-10-08T03:09:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney glomerulosclerosis measurement renal glomerulosclerosis measurement renal glomerulosclerotic lesion measurement CMO:0001133 kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion measurement CMO:0001133 Any measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within a kidney glomerulus, a tuft of capillaries situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney, that filters waste products from the blood and thus initiates urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within one or more kidney glomeruli which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-10-08T03:43:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated kidney glomerulosclerosis measurement calculated renal glomerulosclerosis measurement calculated renal glomerulosclerotic lesion measurement CMO:0001134 calculated kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion measurement CMO:0001134 A measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within one or more kidney glomeruli which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within kidney glomeruli which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2012-10-08T03:45:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology glomerular damage composite score glomerulosclerosis composite score glomerulosclerosis damage index CMO:0001135 index of glomerular damage CMO:0001135 A measurement of lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits within kidney glomeruli which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The number of new cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. JSmith 2012-10-09T10:55:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology IDDM incidence T1D incidence T1DM incidence diabetes mellitus type I incidence insulin-dependent diabetes incidence juvenile diabetes incidence type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence CMO:0001136 percentage of study population developing type 1 diabetes mellitus during a period of time CMO:0001136 The number of new cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1 The number of new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. JSmith 2012-10-09T10:59:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology NIDDM incidence T2D incidence T2DM incidence adult-onset diabetes mellitus incidence diabetes mellitus type II incidence non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus incidence type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence CMO:0001137 percentage of study population developing type 2 diabetes mellitus during a period of time CMO:0001137 The number of new cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 The number of individuals in a study population which display type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. JSmith 2012-10-09T11:03:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology IDDM prevalence T1D prevalence T1DM prevalence diabetes mellitus type I prevalence insulin-dependent diabetes prevalence juvenile diabetes prevalence type 1 diabetes mellitus prevalence CMO:0001138 percentage of study population displaying type 1 diabetes mellitus at a point in time CMO:0001138 The number of individuals in a study population which display type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1 The number of individuals in a study population which display type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. JSmith 2012-10-09T11:04:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology NIDDM prevalence T2D prevalence T2DM prevalence adult-onset diabetes mellitus prevalence diabetes mellitus type II prevalence non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus prevalence type 2 diabetes mellitus prevalence CMO:0001139 percentage of study population displaying type 2 diabetes mellitus at a point in time CMO:0001139 The number of individuals in a study population which display type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of T1DM was first determined. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. JSmith 2012-10-09T11:42:58Z age at onset/diagnosis of T1D age at onset/diagnosis of T1DM age at onset/diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type I clinical_measurement_ontology age at onset/diagnosis of IDDM age at onset/diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes age at onset/diagnosis of juvenile diabetes CMO:0001140 age at onset/diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001140 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of T1DM was first determined. T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of T2DM was first determined. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. JSmith 2012-10-09T11:51:34Z age at onset/diagnosis of T2D age at onset/diagnosis of T2DM age at onset/diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type II clinical_measurement_ontology age at onset/diagnosis of NIDDM age at onset/diagnosis of adult-onset diabetes mellitus age at onset/diagnosis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus CMO:0001141 age at onset/diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001141 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of T2DM was first determined. T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 Measurement of the amount of total protein in the pancreas, the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally, or in a specified sample of pancreas tissue without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). JSmith 2012-10-09T12:45:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology whole pancreas protein level CMO:0001142 pancreas total protein level CMO:0001142 Measurement of the amount of total protein in the pancreas, the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally, or in a specified sample of pancreas tissue without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of protein in the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). JSmith 2012-10-09T01:06:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated pancreatic total protein level calculated whole pancreas protein level CMO:0001143 calculated pancreas total protein level CMO:0001143 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of protein in the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The ratio of the amount of insulin, the polypeptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans which helps regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, in the pancreas to the total amount of protein in the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). JSmith 2012-10-09T01:09:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology pancreatic insulin to total pancreatic protein ratio CMO:0001144 pancreas insulin level to pancreas total protein ratio CMO:0001144 The ratio of the amount of insulin, the polypeptide hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans which helps regulate the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats, in the pancreas to the total amount of protein in the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle. JSmith 2012-10-09T06:45:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001145 calculated intramuscular fat morphological measurement CMO:0001145 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the small deposits of fat located within and throughout skeletal muscle. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_fat Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of skeletal muscles, the striated muscles attached to bones. JSmith 2012-10-09T06:46:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001146 calculated skeletal muscle morphological measurement CMO:0001146 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of skeletal muscles, the striated muscles attached to bones. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of skeletal muscles, the striated muscles attached to bones. JSmith 2012-10-10T03:52:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001147 skeletal muscle morphological measurement CMO:0001147 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of skeletal muscles, the striated muscles attached to bones. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of all or part of a skeletal muscle, one of the striated muscles attached to bones. JSmith 2012-10-10T04:01:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001148 skeletal muscle weight CMO:0001148 The weight of all or part of a skeletal muscle, one of the striated muscles attached to bones. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which deals with a disease in terms of population, geography or demographics. JSmith 2012-10-11T04:57:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology disease demographics measurement CMO:0001149 disease population measurement CMO:0001149 Any measurement which deals with a disease in terms of population, geography or demographics. RGD:JRS Measurement of a lesion in the pancreas, the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:09:02Z pancreatic lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001150 pancreas lesion measurement CMO:0001150 Measurement of a lesion in the pancreas, the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of a pancreas lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:14:19Z pancreatic non-tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001151 pancreas non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001151 Measurement of a pancreas lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a pancreas lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:16:01Z pancreatic tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001152 pancreas tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001152 Measurement of a pancreas lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion involving one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:18:27Z islet of Langerhans lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001153 pancreatic islet lesion measurement CMO:0001153 Measurement of a lesion involving one or more pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a pancreatic islet lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:21:52Z islet of Langerhans non-tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001154 pancreatic islet non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001154 Measurement of a pancreatic islet lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a pancreatic islet lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:23:53Z islet of Langerhans tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001155 pancreatic islet tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001155 Measurement of a pancreatic islet lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of pancreatic islet damage (e.g. fibrosis) which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:26:41Z islet of Langerhans damage composite score clinical_measurement_ontology pancreatic islet lesion composite score CMO:0001156 pancreatic islet damage composite score CMO:0001156 A measurement of the extent of pancreatic islet damage (e.g. fibrosis) which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The number of pancreatic islets which display lesions in a particular sample. JSmith 2012-10-11T05:36:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of damaged pancreatic islets CMO:0001157 pancreatic islet non-tumorous lesion count CMO:0001157 The number of pancreatic islets which display lesions in a particular sample. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle or a group of muscles. Muscles are organs or tissues composed of bundles of fibers that have the power to contract and hence to produce movement. JSmith 2012-10-12T05:28:37Z EFO:0004515 muscle measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001158 muscle measurement CMO:0001158 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle or a group of muscles. Muscles are organs or tissues composed of bundles of fibers that have the power to contract and hence to produce movement. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement, morphological or physiological, of all or part of the skeletal system, the body's framework of bones which give support and shape to the body, protect delicate internal organs, provide sites of attachment for muscles to make motion possible, manufacture blood cells and store minerals. JSmith 2012-10-12T05:38:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology skeleton measurement CMO:0001159 skeletal system measurement CMO:0001159 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, of all or part of the skeletal system, the body's framework of bones which give support and shape to the body, protect delicate internal organs, provide sites of attachment for muscles to make motion possible, manufacture blood cells and store minerals. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated value in which the area (i.e., the extent of the two-dimensional region) occupied by intramuscular fat in a specified sample of skeletal muscle is divided by the total area of that sample of skeletal muscle and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to muscle area. JSmith 2012-10-12T06:44:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology intramuscular adipose area to muscle area ratio intramuscular adipose area to skeletal muscle area ratio CMO:0001160 intramuscular fat area to skeletal muscle area ratio CMO:0001160 A calculated value in which the area (i.e., the extent of the two-dimensional region) occupied by intramuscular fat in a specified sample of skeletal muscle is divided by the total area of that sample of skeletal muscle and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to muscle area. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the area occupied by intramuscular fat in a specified sample of skeletal muscle is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2012-10-12T06:50:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology intramuscular adipose area to body weight ratio CMO:0001161 intramuscular fat area to body weight ratio CMO:0001161 A calculated value in which the area occupied by intramuscular fat in a specified sample of skeletal muscle is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single deposit of intramuscular fat or a measurement of the total area occupied by intramuscular fat in a cross-section of skeletal muscle. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:02:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001162 intramuscular fat area CMO:0001162 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single deposit of intramuscular fat or a measurement of the total area occupied by intramuscular fat in a cross-section of skeletal muscle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single deposit of intramuscular fat or a measurement of the total area occupied by intramuscular fat in a cross-section of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:08:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001163 calculated intramuscular fat area CMO:0001163 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single deposit of intramuscular fat or a measurement of the total area occupied by intramuscular fat in a cross-section of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of the amount, by weight, of the small deposits of fat located within a specified amount of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:15:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001164 calculated intramuscular fat weight CMO:0001164 A measurement of the amount, by weight, of the small deposits of fat located within a specified amount of skeletal muscle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramuscular_fat Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more glomeruli in the kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:45:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001165 kidney glomerulus morphological measurement CMO:0001165 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more glomeruli in the kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The length of a straight line passing through the center of a kidney glomerulus and connecting opposite points on its circumference. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:48:00Z capillary tuft diameter kidney glomerular diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001166 kidney glomerulus diameter CMO:0001166 The length of a straight line passing through the center of a kidney glomerulus and connecting opposite points on its circumference. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:55:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001167 calculated renal blood flow rate CMO:0001167 A measurement of the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow The difference in the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2012-10-15T11:59:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001168 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in renal blood flow rate CMO:0001168 The difference in the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the kidneys per unit time between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Measurement of the amount of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specified volume of whole blood. JSmith 2012-10-18T05:30:29Z EFO:0010224 lysophosphatidylcholine measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001169 blood phospholipid level CMO:0001169 Measurement of the amount of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specified volume of whole blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the amount of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2012-10-18T05:33:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001170 plasma phospholipid level CMO:0001170 Measurement of the amount of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-10-18T05:37:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001171 serum phospholipid level CMO:0001171 Measurement of any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of blood. JSmith 2012-10-18T06:05:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001172 blood corticosterone level CMO:0001172 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2012-10-18T06:08:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001173 plasma corticosterone level CMO:0001173 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-10-18T06:09:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001174 serum corticosterone level CMO:0001174 The amount of corticosterone, a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal cortex that functions in the metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of kidney glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits, or the number of such lesions in a specified sample. JSmith 2012-10-22T12:14:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology damaged glomeruli count number of sclerotic glomeruli sclerotic glomeruli count sclerotic glomerulus count CMO:0001175 kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion count CMO:0001175 The number of kidney glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits, or the number of such lesions in a specified sample. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated value in which the number of glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits is divided by the total number of glomeruli in a specified sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total number of glomeruli. JSmith 2012-10-22T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001176 kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion count to total glomeruli count ratio true CMO:0001176 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in kidney. JSmith 2012-10-22T01:31:20Z kidney tissue protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001177 kidney protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0001177 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in kidney. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:13:42Z kidney cortex measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001178 renal cortex measurement CMO:0001178 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, of the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:20:09Z kidney medulla measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001179 renal medulla measurement CMO:0001179 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, of the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_medulla Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in kidney medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:28:36Z kidney medulla protein measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001180 renal medulla protein measurement CMO:0001180 Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in kidney medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_medulla Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in renal cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:31:18Z kidney cortex protein measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001181 renal cortex protein measurement CMO:0001181 Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of protein, the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in renal cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type, of protein (the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in kidney. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:34:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated renal protein composition measurement CMO:0001182 calculated kidney protein composition measurement CMO:0001182 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type, of protein (the complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in kidney. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the kidney cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:41:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated kidney cortex protein composition measurement CMO:0001183 calculated renal cortex protein composition measurement CMO:0001183 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the kidney cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. JSmith 2012-10-22T03:43:38Z calculated kidney medulla protein composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001184 calculated renal medulla protein composition measurement CMO:0001184 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation involving the amount, composition or type of protein in the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_medulla A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. JSmith 2012-10-22T04:00:13Z renal TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001185 kidney TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio CMO:0001185 A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of renal cortex is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of renal cortex and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. JSmith 2012-10-22T04:33:48Z kidney cortex TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001186 renal cortex TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio CMO:0001186 A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of renal cortex is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of renal cortex and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of renal medulla is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of renal medulla and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. JSmith 2012-10-22T04:35:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney medulla TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio CMO:0001187 renal medulla TRPV4 protein level to beta-actin protein level ratio CMO:0001187 A calculated value in which the amount of TRPV4 protein in a specified sample of renal medulla is divided by the amount of beta-actin protein in the same or a corresponding sample of renal medulla and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the beta-actin protein level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum. JSmith 2012-10-23T10:05:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001188 calculated cerebral artery inner diameter measurement CMO:0001188 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The cerebral arteries are those which supply blood to the brain, more specifically, to the cerebrum. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:JRS The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. JSmith 2012-10-23T10:06:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001189 calculated middle cerebral artery inner diameter measurement CMO:0001189 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall, after that measurement has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_cerebral_artery A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the middle cerebral artery inner diameter between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-10-23T10:09:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001190 percent change in middle cerebral artery inner diameter CMO:0001190 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the middle cerebral artery inner diameter between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional plane through the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. JSmith 2012-11-12T15:45:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology EDA LVAd LVDa CMO:0001191 heart left ventricle end-diastolic area CMO:0001191 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional plane through the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional plane through the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. JSmith 2012-11-12T15:47:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology ESA LVAs LVSa CMO:0001192 heart left ventricle end-systolic area CMO:0001192 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional plane through the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the amount of time between the beginning of life of an organism and the permanent and irreversible cessation of the vital functions of that organism. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:20:30Z EFO:0005056 age at death lifespan clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001193 age at time of death CMO:0001193 Measurement of the amount of time between the beginning of life of an organism and the permanent and irreversible cessation of the vital functions of that organism. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A calculated value in which the weight of white adipose tissue, the thermal-insulating and energy-storing fat tissue of mammals, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:23:10Z white fat weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001194 white adipose tissue weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001194 A calculated value in which the weight of white adipose tissue, the thermal-insulating and energy-storing fat tissue of mammals, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_adipose_tissue A calculated value in which the sum of the weights of the white adipose tissue associated with the epididymus and that surrounding the kidneys is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:26:07Z sum of epididymal and perirenal white adipose tissue to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001195 epididymal plus perirenal white adipose tissue weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001195 A calculated value in which the sum of the weights of the white adipose tissue associated with the epididymus and that surrounding the kidneys is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_adipose_tissue JSmith 2012-11-15T15:29:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated body mass measurement CMO:0001196 calculated body weight measurement CMO:0001196 A calculated value in which the total body weight of an organism is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:30:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001197 body weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0001197 A calculated value in which the total body weight of an organism is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood, is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:35:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001198 heart weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0001198 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart, the chambered, muscular organ that maintains the circulation of the blood, is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated value in which the total weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:38:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001199 both kidneys wet weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0001199 A calculated value in which the total weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of both kidneys is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:55:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001200 calculated epididymal fat pad weight CMO:0001200 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis, the structure along the posterior body of the testis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the weight of the epididymal fat pad, the encapsulated adipose tissue that is attached to the epididymis, is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. JSmith 2012-11-15T15:56:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001201 epididymal fat pad weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0001201 A calculated value in which the weight of the epididymal fat pad, the encapsulated adipose tissue that is attached to the epididymis, is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display hematuria, that is, blood in the urine, at a point in time or develop hematuria within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-11-15T16:03:47Z EFO:0020076 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation urine blood measurement CMO:0001202 hematuria incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001202 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display hematuria, that is, blood in the urine, at a point in time or develop hematuria within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of hematuria, that is blood in the urine, appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-11-15T16:05:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology hematuria incidence CMO:0001203 percentage of study population developing hematuria during a period of time CMO:0001203 The number of new cases of hematuria, that is blood in the urine, appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display hematuria, that is blood in the urine, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-11-15T16:06:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology hematuria prevalence CMO:0001204 percentage of study population displaying hematuria at a point in time CMO:0001204 The number of individuals in a study population which display hematuria, that is blood in the urine, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of hematuria, that is blood in the urine, appearing in a study population with preexisting hydronephrosis, that is, dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in that study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-11-15T16:47:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology hematuria incidence in hydronephrosis CMO:0001205 percentage of study population with hydronephrosis developing hematuria during a period of time CMO:0001205 The number of new cases of hematuria, that is blood in the urine, appearing in a study population with preexisting hydronephrosis, that is, dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in that study population, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population with preexisting hydronephrosis, that is, dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, which display hematuria, that is blood in the urine, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-11-15T16:59:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology hematuria prevalence in hydronephrosis CMO:0001206 percentage of study population with hydronephrosis displaying hematuria at a point in time CMO:0001206 The number of individuals in a study population with preexisting hydronephrosis, that is, dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, which display hematuria, that is blood in the urine, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the hydronephrosis disease state, i.e. dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2012-11-15T17:49:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001207 hydronephrosis severity measurement CMO:0001207 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the hydronephrosis disease state, i.e. dilation of the pelvis and calices of one or both kidneys because of the accumulation of urine resulting from obstruction to urine outflow, causes pain or damage. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of hydronephrosis severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective assessments of severity, that is, the degree to which the hydronephrosis disease state causes pain or damage, according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2012-11-15T18:00:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001208 hydronephrosis severity score CMO:0001208 A calculated measurement of hydronephrosis severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective assessments of severity, that is, the degree to which the hydronephrosis disease state causes pain or damage, according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measure of the number of tumorous lesions in or on the surface of the liver, or in a specified section of the liver when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2012-12-17T11:56:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001209 calculated liver tumorous lesion number CMO:0001209 A measure of the number of tumorous lesions in or on the surface of the liver, or in a specified section of the liver when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measure of the number of tumorous lesions in a measured and specified area, e.g. in a histological section. JSmith 2012-12-17T12:27:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001210 liver tumorous lesion number to liver area ratio CMO:0001210 A measure of the number of tumorous lesions in a measured and specified area, e.g. in a histological section. RGD:SL A calculated measurement in which the value for creatinine clearance is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2012-12-17T12:34:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001211 creatinine clearance to body weight ratio CMO:0001211 A calculated measurement in which the value for creatinine clearance is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic pancreatitis, that is, chronic or ongoing inflammation of the pancreas with fibrosis and calcification of the gland at a point in time or develop chronic pancreatitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2012-12-17T12:50:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001212 chronic pancreatitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001212 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic pancreatitis, that is, chronic or ongoing inflammation of the pancreas with fibrosis and calcification of the gland at a point in time or develop chronic pancreatitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of chronic pancreatitis appearing in a study population during a specified period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-12-17T12:55:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic pancreatitis incidence CMO:0001213 percentage of study population developing chronic pancreatitis during a period of time CMO:0001213 The number of new cases of chronic pancreatitis appearing in a study population during a specified period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display chronic pancreatitis at a specified point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2012-12-17T12:59:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic pancreatitis prevalence CMO:0001214 percentage of study population displaying chronic pancreatitis at a point in time CMO:0001214 The number of individuals in a study population which display chronic pancreatitis at a specified point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement relating to the function of the pancreatic islets or their cells. Pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, are the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. JSmith 2012-12-17T13:42:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001215 pancreatic islet physiological measurement CMO:0001215 Any measurement relating to the function of the pancreatic islets or their cells. Pancreatic islets, i.e. islets of Langerhans, are the endocrine, hormone-producing portion of the pancreas. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement pertaining to the secretion of insulin, the major fuel-regulating peptide hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, from the pancreatic islets. JSmith 2012-12-17T13:47:28Z insulin measurement EFO:0004467 EFO:0008001 insulin secretion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001216 pancreatic islet insulin release measurement CMO:0001216 Any measurement pertaining to the secretion of insulin, the major fuel-regulating peptide hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, from the pancreatic islets. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement pertaining to the secretion of insulin, the major fuel-regulating peptide hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, from the pancreatic islets which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2012-12-17T13:52:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001217 calculated pancreatic islet insulin release measurement CMO:0001217 Any measurement pertaining to the secretion of insulin, the major fuel-regulating peptide hormone formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, from the pancreatic islets which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measure of the frequency at which the basal levels of insulin secretion from the pancreatic islets oscillate or vary between alternate levels, i.e. higher and lower, within a definable period of time. JSmith 2012-12-17T14:59:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology pulsatile insulin release periodicity measurement CMO:0001218 frequency of pancreatic islet insulin release oscillations CMO:0001218 A measure of the frequency at which the basal levels of insulin secretion from the pancreatic islets oscillate or vary between alternate levels, i.e. higher and lower, within a definable period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_oscillation A measurement of the partial pressure of oxygen measured directly within the pancreatic islet. The partial pressure of oxygen is the pressure exerted by oxygen dissolved in the islet milieu and is proportional to the concentration of oxygen in the liquid. JSmith 2012-12-17T15:22:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology pancreatic islet oxygen tension CMO:0001219 partial pressure of pancreatic islet oxygen CMO:0001219 A measurement of the partial pressure of oxygen measured directly within the pancreatic islet. The partial pressure of oxygen is the pressure exerted by oxygen dissolved in the islet milieu and is proportional to the concentration of oxygen in the liquid. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of a single or group of fat cells, connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:18:05Z fat cell morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001220 adipocyte morphological measurement CMO:0001220 Measurement of the physical form or structure of a single or group of fat cells, connective tissue cells specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat; such cells consist of a large cytoplasmic vesicle filled with globules of triglycerides with the nucleus displaced to one side and the cytoplasm seen as a thin line around the fat vesicle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an adipocyte, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:23:52Z fat cell area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001221 adipocyte area CMO:0001221 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an adipocyte, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The average length of a straight line passing through the center of an adipocyte and connecting opposite points on its circumference. An adipocyte is a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:28:08Z fat cell diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001222 adipocyte diameter CMO:0001222 The average length of a straight line passing through the center of an adipocyte and connecting opposite points on its circumference. An adipocyte is a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The length of a boundary line fully enclosing an adipocyte or of a line which follows the periphery of an adipocyte, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:34:20Z fat cell circumference clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001223 adipocyte circumference CMO:0001223 The length of a boundary line fully enclosing an adipocyte or of a line which follows the periphery of an adipocyte, a connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the small intestine, the proximal portion of the intestine extending from the pylorus of the stomach to the cecum and comprising the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:53:40Z small bowel length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001224 small intestine length CMO:0001224 A measurement of the small intestine, the proximal portion of the intestine extending from the pylorus of the stomach to the cecum and comprising the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the large intestine, the distal portion of the intestine extending from its junction with the small intestine to the anus and comprising the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. JSmith 2012-12-18T16:55:56Z large bowel length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001225 large intestine length CMO:0001225 A measurement of the large intestine, the distal portion of the intestine extending from its junction with the small intestine to the anus and comprising the cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2012-12-18T17:04:40Z EFO:0003923 EFO:0007701 EFO:0007702 EFO:0007785 EFO:0007933 EFO:0009270 BMD areal BMD areal bone mineral density bone density femoral neck bone mineral density heel bone mineral density hip bone mineral density radius bone mineral density spine bone mineral density clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001226 bone mineral density CMO:0001226 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of whole blood. JSmith 2012-12-18T17:13:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001227 blood growth hormone level CMO:0001227 Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of whole blood. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2012-12-18T17:27:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001228 plasma growth hormone level CMO:0001228 Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2012-12-18T17:29:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001229 serum growth hormone level CMO:0001229 Measurement of the amount of growth hormone, a polypeptide hormone which promotes body growth and fat mobilization and inhibits glucose utilization, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in mean arterial blood pressure and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of mean arterial blood pressure versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. JSmith 2013-01-07T13:24:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001230 change in mean arterial blood pressure to change in intracerebroventricular sodium concentration ratio CMO:0001230 A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in mean arterial blood pressure and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of mean arterial blood pressure versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. PMID:17420333 PMID:19558257 A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in heart rate and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of heart rate versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. JSmith 2013-01-07T13:34:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001231 change in heart rate to change in intracerebroventricular sodium concentration ratio CMO:0001231 A calculated measurement of the ratio between the change in heart rate and the concentration of sodium infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of heart rate versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. PMID:17420333 PMID:19558257 Any measurement of the nervous system, the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. JSmith 2013-01-07T13:38:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001232 nervous system measurement CMO:0001232 Any measurement of the nervous system, the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the autonomic nervous system, the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary action, as of the intestines, smooth muscle, heart, and glands, and that is divided into two physiologically and anatomically distinct, mutually antagonistic systems, the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The nervous system is the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:36:17Z UBERON:0002410 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001233 autonomic nervous system measurement CMO:0001233 Any measurement of the autonomic nervous system, the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary action, as of the intestines, smooth muscle, heart, and glands, and that is divided into two physiologically and anatomically distinct, mutually antagonistic systems, the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system. The nervous system is the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of or directly related to the part of the autonomic nervous system (the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary action) that is concerned especially with preparing the body to react to situations of stress or emergency. The sympathetic nervous system contains chiefly adrenergic fibers and tends to depress secretion, decrease the tone and contractility of smooth muscle, and increase heart rate. The nervous system is the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:36:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001234 sympathetic nervous system measurement CMO:0001234 Any measurement of or directly related to the part of the autonomic nervous system (the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary action) that is concerned especially with preparing the body to react to situations of stress or emergency. The sympathetic nervous system contains chiefly adrenergic fibers and tends to depress secretion, decrease the tone and contractility of smooth muscle, and increase heart rate. The nervous system is the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Any assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a nerve, any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:38:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001235 nerve activity measurement CMO:0001235 Any assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a nerve, any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Any assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:40:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001236 sympathetic nerve activity measurement CMO:0001236 Any assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a renal sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:42:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology RSNA measurement CMO:0001237 renal sympathetic nerve activity measurement CMO:0001237 Assessment or quantification of the presence and/or amount of recordable electrical energy in a renal sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nerve A calculated measurement in which the change in the activity, i.e., the recordable electrical energy, of the renal sympathetic nerves between two points in time or two conditions is compared to the concentration of a solution of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of renal sympathetic nerve activity versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. A renal sympathetic nerve is a nerve (a cordlike structure that conveys impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that consists of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers) of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:44:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology change in RSNA to change in intracerebroventricular sodium concentration ratio CMO:0001238 change in renal sympathetic nerve activity to change in intracerebroventricular sodium concentration ratio CMO:0001238 A calculated measurement in which the change in the activity, i.e., the recordable electrical energy, of the renal sympathetic nerves between two points in time or two conditions is compared to the concentration of a solution of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, infused directly into the ventricle(s) of the brain; calculated as the slope of the curve of renal sympathetic nerve activity versus intracerebroventricular-infused sodium concentration. A renal sympathetic nerve is a nerve (a cordlike structure that conveys impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that consists of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers) of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:17420333 PMID:19558257 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nerve http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A value calculated by dividing the proportionate change in renal blood flow (RBF) by the proportionate change in renal perfusion pressure (RPP), i.e. (RBF2 - RBF1)/RBF1 divided by (RPP2 - RPP1)/RPP1. JSmith 2013-01-07T15:55:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology autoregulatory index ratio of renal blood flow change to renal perfusion pressure change CMO:0001239 ratio of change in renal blood flow to change in renal perfusion pressure CMO:0001239 A value calculated by dividing the proportionate change in renal blood flow (RBF) by the proportionate change in renal perfusion pressure (RPP), i.e. (RBF2 - RBF1)/RBF1 divided by (RPP2 - RPP1)/RPP1. PMID:13663217 Any measurement of the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord. JSmith 2013-01-07T16:14:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001240 cerebrospinal fluid measurement CMO:0001240 Any measurement of the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A quantification of a parameter of the chemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid, the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord. JSmith 2013-01-07T16:22:14Z EFO:0006794 cerebrospinal fluid biomarker measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001241 cerebrospinal fluid chemistry measurement CMO:0001241 A quantification of a parameter of the chemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid, the fluid contained within the ventricles of the brain, the subarachnoid space, and the central canal of the spinal cord. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A quantification of one or more mineral salts found in the cerebrospinal fluid in the form of electrically charged ions. JSmith 2013-01-07T16:25:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001242 cerebrospinal fluid electrolyte measurement CMO:0001242 A quantification of one or more mineral salts found in the cerebrospinal fluid in the form of electrically charged ions. ISBN:978-0071623803 Keogh:Nursing_Laboratory_and_Diagnostic_Tests_Demystified Measurement of the amount of choride, the negatively charged ion of chlorine, found in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. JSmith 2013-01-07T16:39:25Z CSF Cl- concentration CSF chloride concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001243 cerebrospinal fluid chloride level CMO:0001243 Measurement of the amount of choride, the negatively charged ion of chlorine, found in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount of cationic sodium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. JSmith 2013-01-07T16:42:05Z CSF Na+ concentration CSF sodium concentration CSF sodium ion concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001244 cerebrospinal fluid sodium level CMO:0001244 The amount of cationic sodium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. The calculation can be made using any of several computational formulas, e.g. the Friedewald (1972) Formula: LDL = TC - HDL - TG/5.0 (mg/dL), or the 'Iranian' (2008) Formula: LDL = TC/1.19 + TG/1.9 - HDL/1.1 - 38 (mg/dL). JSmith 2013-01-08T12:32:30Z calculated plasma LDL-C level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001245 calculated plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0001245 The amount of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. The calculation can be made using any of several computational formulas, e.g. the Friedewald (1972) Formula: LDL = TC - HDL - TG/5.0 (mg/dL), or the 'Iranian' (2008) Formula: LDL = TC/1.19 + TG/1.9 - HDL/1.1 - 38 (mg/dL). Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed PMID:18426324 PMID:4337382 A calculated measurement of body weight in which it is compared to the length of the organism from nose to anus, thus normalizing it to body length. JSmith 2013-01-08T12:58:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology obesity Index CMO:0001246 cubic root of body weight to nasoanal length ratio CMO:0001246 A calculated measurement of body weight in which it is compared to the length of the organism from nose to anus, thus normalizing it to body length. RGD:JRS Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of whole blood. JSmith 2013-01-08T13:36:43Z thyroid stimulating hormone measurement EFO:0004748 blood TSH level blood thyrotropin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001247 blood thyroid stimulating hormone level CMO:0001247 Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of whole blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-08T13:43:49Z serum TSH level serum thyrotropin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001248 serum thyroid stimulating hormone level CMO:0001248 Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T13:44:22Z plasma TSH level plasma thyrotropin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001249 plasma thyroid stimulating hormone level CMO:0001249 Measurement of the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates and regulates activity of the thyroid gland, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the adipose tissue located in a specific body region which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:04:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001250 calculated body region fat morphological measurement CMO:0001250 Measurement of the adipose tissue located in a specific body region which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:10:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001251 inguinal fat morphological measurement CMO:0001251 Any measurement of adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A value which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation for the heaviness or degree to which the inguinal fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:13:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001252 calculated inguinal fat pad weight CMO:0001252 A value which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation for the heaviness or degree to which the inguinal fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated value in which the weight of one or both of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:17:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001253 inguinal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001253 A calculated value in which the weight of one or both of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement of a lesion in the kidney characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:41:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001254 kidney fibrotic lesion measurement CMO:0001254 Any measurement of a lesion in the kidney characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of a lesion in the kidney characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2013-01-08T14:54:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001255 kidney fibrotic lesion size measurement CMO:0001255 Any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of a lesion in the kidney characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single kidney fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the kidney. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:03:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001256 kidney fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0001256 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single kidney fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the kidney. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single kidney fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the kidney, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:17:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001257 calculated kidney fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0001257 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single kidney fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the kidney, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the kidney. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:20:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001258 kidney fibrotic lesion area to total kidney area ratio CMO:0001258 A calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the kidney. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 JSmith 2013-01-08T15:31:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001259 testis tumor measurement CMO:0001259 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display testis tumors at a point in time or develop testis tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:34:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001260 testis tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001260 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display testis tumors at a point in time or develop testis tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of individuals developing one or more testis tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:38:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology testis tumor incidence CMO:0001261 percentage of study population developing testis tumors during a period of time CMO:0001261 The number of new cases of individuals developing one or more testis tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display one or more testis tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:40:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology testis tumor prevalence CMO:0001262 percentage of study population displaying testis tumors at a point in time CMO:0001262 The number of individuals in a study population which display one or more testis tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display tumors in both testes at a point in time or develop tumors in both testes within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:46:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001263 bilateral testis tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001263 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display tumors in both testes at a point in time or develop tumors in both testes within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of individuals developing tumors in both testes appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:48:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology bilateral testis tumor incidence CMO:0001264 percentage of study population developing bilateral testis tumors during a period of time CMO:0001264 The number of new cases of individuals developing tumors in both testes appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors in both testes at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T15:48:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology bilateral testis tumor prevalence CMO:0001265 percentage of study population displaying bilateral testis tumors at a point in time CMO:0001265 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors in both testes at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, at a point in time or develop leukemia within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2013-01-08T16:01:40Z MESH:D007938 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001266 leukemia incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001266 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, at a point in time or develop leukemia within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T16:11:10Z MESH:D007938 clinical_measurement_ontology leukemia incidence CMO:0001267 percentage of study population developing leukemia during a period of time CMO:0001267 The number of new cases of leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-08T16:12:50Z MESH:D007938 clinical_measurement_ontology leukemia prevalence CMO:0001268 percentage of study population displaying leukemia at a point in time CMO:0001268 The number of individuals in a study population which display leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the number of glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits is divided by the total number of glomeruli in a specified sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total number of glomeruli. JSmith 2013-01-08T16:28:12Z CMO:0001176 sclerotic glomeruli to total glomeruli ratio kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion count to total glomeruli count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001269 kidney sclerotic glomeruli count to total glomeruli count ratio CMO:0001269 A calculated value in which the number of glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits is divided by the total number of glomeruli in a specified sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total number of glomeruli. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the amount of albumin, the major protein of blood plasma, excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2013-01-08T16:37:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001270 urine albumin excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001270 A calculated value in which the amount of albumin, the major protein of blood plasma, excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T17:48:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001271 plasma anti-collagen antibody level CMO:0001271 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T17:58:30Z plasma anti-type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001272 plasma anti-type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0001272 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:05:59Z plasma anti-bovine type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001273 plasma anti-bovine type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0001273 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:11:21Z plasma anti-porcine type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001274 plasma anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0001274 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:12:45Z plasma anti-rat type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001275 plasma anti-rat type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0001275 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen Any measurement related to immunoglobulin, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:17:44Z EFO:0010127 serum immunoglobulin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001276 serum immunoglobulin measurement CMO:0001276 Any measurement related to immunoglobulin, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:25:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001277 serum antibody level CMO:0001277 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen in a specified sample of serum, when that measurement is based on, or uses in the calculation, the antibody titer. An antibody titer is the last dilution of a sample at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:28:53Z calculated serum anti-porcine type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology serum anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody titer normalized for absorbance CMO:0001278 calculated serum anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0001278 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen in a specified sample of serum, when that measurement is based on, or uses in the calculation, the antibody titer. An antibody titer is the last dilution of a sample at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen in a specified volume of serum, when that calculation is based on the antibody titer. A serum antibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:28:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum anti-type II collagen antibody titer normalized for absorbance CMO:0001279 calculated serum anti-type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0001279 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen in a specified volume of serum, when that calculation is based on the antibody titer. A serum antibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:28:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001280 serum anti-collagen antibody level CMO:0001280 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of rat type 2 collagen autoantibody in a specified sample of serum, when the caluculation is based on the autoantibody titer. A serum autoantibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained for an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:28:53Z calculated rat serum anti-self type 2 collagen autoantibody titer calculated serum anti-rat type II collagen autoantibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology serum anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody titer normalized for absorbance CMO:0001281 calculated serum anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody titer CMO:0001281 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of rat type 2 collagen autoantibody in a specified sample of serum, when the caluculation is based on the autoantibody titer. A serum autoantibody titer is the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained for an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-08T18:28:53Z serum anti-bovine type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001282 serum anti-bovine type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0001282 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen JSmith 2013-01-09T11:31:04Z EFO:0010071 cardiac troponin I measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001283 blood troponin level CMO:0001283 The amount in a specified volume of whole blood of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction; used as an indicator for myocardial damage. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:33:20Z EFO:0005043 cardiac troponin T measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001284 blood troponin T level CMO:0001284 The amount in a specified volume of whole blood of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction; used as an indicator for myocardial damage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponin_T The amount of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:35:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001285 serum troponin T level CMO:0001285 The amount of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponin_T The amount of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:36:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001286 plasma troponin T level CMO:0001286 The amount of troponin T, one subunit of a complex of three regulatory proteins required for skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponin_T The amount of one or more thyroid hormones, that is, hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:44:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001287 blood thyroid hormone level CMO:0001287 The amount of one or more thyroid hormones, that is, hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism, in a specified volume of blood. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:48:05Z EFO:0005130 thyroxine measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood T4 level CMO:0001288 blood thyroxine level CMO:0001288 The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of blood. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroxine The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:51:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma T4 level CMO:0001289 plasma thyroxine level CMO:0001289 The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroxine The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:51:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum T4 level CMO:0001290 serum thyroxine level CMO:0001290 The amount of thyroxine, the major hormone derived from the thyroid gland which regulates cellular metabolism, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroxine The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:54:14Z EFO:0008392 triiodothyronine measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood T3 level CMO:0001291 blood triiodothyronine level CMO:0001291 The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of blood. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triiodothyronine The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:57:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma T3 level CMO:0001292 plasma triiodothyronine level CMO:0001292 The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triiodothyronine The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T11:58:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum T3 level CMO:0001293 serum triiodothyronine level CMO:0001293 The amount of triiodothyronine, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the thyroid which constitutes the main thyroid hormone used by the tissues, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triiodothyronine The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T12:01:37Z glucagon measurement EFO:0008463 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001294 blood glucagon level CMO:0001294 The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of blood. MeSH:D005934 The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T12:05:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001295 serum glucagon level CMO:0001295 The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D005934 The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T12:05:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001296 plasma glucagon level CMO:0001296 The amount of glucagon, a peptide secreted by pancreatic alpha cells which plays an important role in regulation of blood glucose concentration, ketone metabolism, and other biochemical and physiological processes, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D005934 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:18:18Z IGF-1 measurement EFO:0004627 blood Igf1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001297 blood insulin-like growth factor 1 level CMO:0001297 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of blood. MeSH:D007334 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:20:47Z serum Igf1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001298 serum insulin-like growth factor 1 level CMO:0001298 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D007334 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:20:53Z plasma Igf1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001299 plasma insulin-like growth factor 1 level CMO:0001299 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a basic peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on growth hormone, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D007334 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:35:51Z serum Igf2 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001300 serum insulin-like growth factor 2 level CMO:0001300 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D007335 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:35:56Z plasma Igf2 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001301 plasma insulin-like growth factor 2 level CMO:0001301 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D007335 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:24:19Z blood Igf2 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001302 blood insulin-like growth factor 2 level CMO:0001302 The amount of insulin-like growth factor 1, a neutral peptide with growth-regulating, insulin-like, and mitogenic activities which is largely dependent on somatotropin, in a specified volume of blood. MeSH:D007335 The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:44:03Z lactate measurement CHEBI:24996 EFO:0007745 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001303 blood lactate level CMO:0001303 The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:46:42Z CHEBI:24996 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001304 serum lactate level CMO:0001304 The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:46:47Z CHEBI:24996 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001305 plasma lactate level CMO:0001305 The amount of lactate, a salt of lactic acid which is produced in the body by anaerobic metabolism of carbohydrate, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The total amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal over a specific period of time. JSmith 2013-01-09T13:49:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001306 milk yield CMO:0001306 The total amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal over a specific period of time. QTLdb:CAP RGD:JRS The average amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal per day. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:39:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001307 average daily milk yield CMO:0001307 The average amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal per day. QTLdb:CAP The total amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal over a 305-day lactation period. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:40:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001308 305-day milk yield CMO:0001308 The total amount of milk produced by a lactating mammal over a 305-day lactation period. QTLdb:CAP Any measurement of the urea-associated nitrogen in milk. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:44:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001309 milk urea nitrogen measurement CMO:0001309 Any measurement of the urea-associated nitrogen in milk. RGD:JRS The amount in milk of the portion of nitrogen that derives from its content of urea. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:45:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001310 milk urea nitrogen content CMO:0001310 The amount in milk of the portion of nitrogen that derives from its content of urea. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The total amount of milk urea nitrogen, the portion of nitrogen derived from urea, produced over a specific period of time. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:47:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001311 milk urea nitrogen yield CMO:0001311 The total amount of milk urea nitrogen, the portion of nitrogen derived from urea, produced over a specific period of time. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement in which the weight of feed consumed over a specific period of time is divided by body weight gain for the same period. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:54:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001312 feed conversion ratio CMO:0001312 A calculated measurement in which the weight of feed consumed over a specific period of time is divided by body weight gain for the same period. QTLdb:CAP RGD:JRS Amount of feed consumed, excluding water content, over a specific period of time. JSmith 2013-01-09T14:59:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001313 dry matter intake CMO:0001313 Amount of feed consumed, excluding water content, over a specific period of time. QTLdb:CAP Average weight or heaviness of food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) consumed per day. JSmith 2013-01-09T15:00:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology average daily feed intake CMO:0001314 average daily food intake weight CMO:0001314 Average weight or heaviness of food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) consumed per day. QTLdb:CAP The actual weight of feed consumed minus the expected feed intake. JSmith 2013-01-09T15:04:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology net feed efficiency residual food intake CMO:0001315 residual feed intake CMO:0001315 The actual weight of feed consumed minus the expected feed intake. QTLdb:CAP RGD:JRS The combined weight of both ventricles of the heart, that is, their heaviness or the degree to which they are drawn toward the earth by gravity. The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body. JSmith 2013-01-09T15:09:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001316 total heart ventricle weight CMO:0001316 The combined weight of both ventricles of the heart, that is, their heaviness or the degree to which they are drawn toward the earth by gravity. The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the combined weight of both heart ventricles that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:00:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001317 calculated total heart ventricle weight CMO:0001317 A measurement of the combined weight of both heart ventricles that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the combined weight of both the left and right ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:03:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001318 total heart ventricle weight as a percentage of body weight CMO:0001318 A calculated value in which the combined weight of both the left and right ventricles, the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood away from the heart either to the lungs to be oxygenated or, once oxygenated, to the rest of the body, is presented as percentage of the total weight of the body thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of bones of the portion of the spinal column between the thoracic and sacral vertebrae. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:15:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001319 lumbar vertebrae number CMO:0001319 The number of bones of the portion of the spinal column between the thoracic and sacral vertebrae. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of the elongated, curved bones forming the main portion of the bony wall of the chest. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:20:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001320 rib number CMO:0001320 The number of the elongated, curved bones forming the main portion of the bony wall of the chest. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Any measurement of a gas or gases dissolved in the blood, including oxygen, nitrogen carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:24:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001321 blood gas measurement CMO:0001321 Any measurement of a gas or gases dissolved in the blood, including oxygen, nitrogen carbon dioxide and/or hydrogen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The concentration of carbon dioxide (the product of the combustion of carbon with an excess of oxygen) in the blood. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:33:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001322 blood carbon dioxide level CMO:0001322 The concentration of carbon dioxide (the product of the combustion of carbon with an excess of oxygen) in the blood. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary JSmith 2013-01-09T16:37:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001323 blood oxygen measurement CMO:0001323 The amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:37:31Z oxygen saturation measurement EFO:0005682 percent oxygen saturation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001324 oxygen saturation CMO:0001324 The amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measure of the deviation from normal blood acid-base balance expressed as the amount of acid required to titrate a sample of whole arterial blood to its normal pH. JSmith 2013-01-09T16:44:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001325 base excess CMO:0001325 A measure of the deviation from normal blood acid-base balance expressed as the amount of acid required to titrate a sample of whole arterial blood to its normal pH. QTLdb:CAP Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The heaviness, that is, the degree to which a physical mass is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of any of the male reproductive organs (any organ which is part of the complex of male gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction). JSmith 2013-01-09T17:12:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001326 male reproductive organ weight CMO:0001326 The heaviness, that is, the degree to which a physical mass is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of any of the male reproductive organs (any organ which is part of the complex of male gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by any male reproductive organ. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:17:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001327 male reproductive organ volume CMO:0001327 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by any male reproductive organ. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by one or both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:19:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001328 testis volume CMO:0001328 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by one or both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The volume of a single testis, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:21:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001329 single testis volume CMO:0001329 The volume of a single testis, one of the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The combined volume of both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:22:04Z paired testes volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001330 both testes volume CMO:0001330 The combined volume of both testes, the paired egg-shaped glands normally situated in the scrotum, in which the spermatozoa develop. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the high part of the back between the shoulder blades. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:28:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001331 body height at withers CMO:0001331 The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the high part of the back between the shoulder blades. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the point of the hip. JSmith 2013-01-09T17:29:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001332 body height at hip CMO:0001332 The vertical measurement of the body of a four-legged animal, from the ground to the point of the hip. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed The relative heaviness of an ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings, of a bird. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:07:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001333 egg weight, fowl CMO:0001333 The relative heaviness of an ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings, of a bird. PT:1000577 Any measurement of the portion of the egg of a bird that consists of protein and fat from which the early embryo gets its main nourishment. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:14:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001334 egg yolk measurement, fowl CMO:0001334 Any measurement of the portion of the egg of a bird that consists of protein and fat from which the early embryo gets its main nourishment. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:19:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001335 eggshell measurement, fowl CMO:0001335 Any measurement of the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. QTLdb:CAP Any measurement of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:21:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology egg white measurement, fowl CMO:0001336 egg albumen measurement, fowl CMO:0001336 Any measurement of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg. QTLdb:CAP The relative heaviness of the rinsed and dried outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:23:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001337 eggshell weight, fowl CMO:0001337 The relative heaviness of the rinsed and dried outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. PT:1000260 The weight of the rinsed and dried eggshell, expressed as a percentage of total egg weight. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:25:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001338 eggshell percentage, fowl CMO:0001338 The weight of the rinsed and dried eggshell, expressed as a percentage of total egg weight. PT:1000260 The visually perceived hue of the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:29:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001339 eggshell color, fowl CMO:0001339 The visually perceived hue of the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. PT:1000255 The force required to fracture the hard outermost covering of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:30:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001340 eggshell strength, fowl CMO:0001340 The force required to fracture the hard outermost covering of a bird's egg. PT:1000258 The thickness, that is, the length or extent of the dimension between the inner and outer surfaces of an eggshell, the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:31:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001341 eggshell thickness, fowl CMO:0001341 The thickness, that is, the length or extent of the dimension between the inner and outer surfaces of an eggshell, the outermost protective covering of a bird's egg. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PT:1000259 The relative heaviness of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:37:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology egg white weight, fowl CMO:0001342 egg albumen weight, fowl CMO:0001342 The relative heaviness of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg. PT:1000254 The height of the inner thick albumen (egg white) when a bird's egg is broken onto a flat surface. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:40:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology egg white height, fowl CMO:0001343 egg albumen height, fowl CMO:0001343 The height of the inner thick albumen (egg white) when a bird's egg is broken onto a flat surface. PT:1000253 The weight of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg, expressed as a percentage of total egg weight. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:42:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology egg white percentage, fowl CMO:0001344 egg albumen percentage, fowl CMO:0001344 The weight of the nutritive and protective gelatinous substance (egg white) surrounding the yolk of a bird's egg, expressed as a percentage of total egg weight. QTLdb:CAP The length from end to end, that is, the linear extent along the longest axis, of a bird's egg, the ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:44:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001345 egg length, fowl CMO:0001345 The length from end to end, that is, the linear extent along the longest axis, of a bird's egg, the ovum in combination with its nutrient stores and protective outer coverings. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary PT:1000773 The diameter across the short axis of a bird's egg, the ovum in combination with its protective outer coverings. JSmith 2013-01-10T15:56:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001346 egg width, fowl CMO:0001346 The diameter across the short axis of a bird's egg, the ovum in combination with its protective outer coverings. PT:1000264 The ratio of the mass of a bird's egg to the mass of an equal volume of water at a specified temperature. JSmith 2013-01-10T16:07:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001347 egg specific gravity, fowl CMO:0001347 The ratio of the mass of a bird's egg to the mass of an equal volume of water at a specified temperature. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the average size of the three dimensional space occupied by a blood platelet, a minute, irregularly shaped, disklike, non-nucleated cytoplasmic body found in blood that functions to promote blood clotting. JSmith 2013-01-10T16:09:55Z EFO:0004584 mean platelet volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001348 mean platelet volume CMO:0001348 Measurement of the average size of the three dimensional space occupied by a blood platelet, a minute, irregularly shaped, disklike, non-nucleated cytoplasmic body found in blood that functions to promote blood clotting. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The proportion of blood volume that is occupied by platelets, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-10T16:24:24Z EFO:0007985 PCT platelet crit thrombocrit clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001349 plateletcrit CMO:0001349 The proportion of blood volume that is occupied by platelets, expressed as a percentage. QTLdb:CAP A measurement of platelet anisocytosis calculated from the distribution of individual platelet volumes. JSmith 2013-01-10T16:25:40Z EFO:0007984 platelet component distribution width clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001350 platelet distribution width CMO:0001350 A measurement of platelet anisocytosis calculated from the distribution of individual platelet volumes. QTLdb:CAP https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/platelet-distribution-width Number of live sperm in a sample divided by the total number of sperm in that sample, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:07:59Z live spermatozoa percent viable sperm percent clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001351 viable sperm count to total sperm count ratio CMO:0001351 Number of live sperm in a sample divided by the total number of sperm in that sample, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Number of sperm which display visible defects divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:10:04Z abnormal sperm percent abnormal spermatozoa percent clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001352 abnormal sperm count to total sperm count ratio CMO:0001352 Number of sperm which display visible defects divided by the total number of sperm in a sample, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:13:53Z EFO:0010745 seminal fluid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001353 semen measurement CMO:0001353 Any measurement of the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Volume of semen, the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands, in a single ejaculate. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:16:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology ejaculate volume CMO:0001354 semen volume CMO:0001354 Volume of semen, the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands, in a single ejaculate. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the acidity, expressed as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration, of a sample of semen, the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:18:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001355 semen pH CMO:0001355 Measurement of the acidity, expressed as the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration, of a sample of semen, the viscous secretion of the male reproductive organs, typically containing spermatazoa and secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of a single red blood cell, one of the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues, or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:31:25Z EFO:0005047 EFO:0010700 reticulocyte measurement clinical_measurement_ontology erythrocyte measurement CMO:0001356 red blood cell measurement CMO:0001356 Any measurement of a single red blood cell, one of the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues, or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the level of activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells. JSmith 2013-01-10T17:43:44Z erythrocyte Na+/K+ ATPase activity erythrocyte sodium-potassium pump erythrocyte sodium/potassium ATPase activity ouabain-sensitive erythrocyte sodium/potassium ATPase activity red blood cell sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity red blood cell sodium-potassium pump red blood cell sodium/potassium ATPase activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001357 red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity CMO:0001357 Measurement of the level of activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase Measurement of the amount of glucagon in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-10T18:02:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001358 calculated blood glucagon level CMO:0001358 Measurement of the amount of glucagon in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of insulin in a sample of blood is divided by the amount of glucagon in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the glucagon level. JSmith 2013-01-10T18:04:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001359 blood insulin to glucagon ratio CMO:0001359 A calculated measurement in which the amount of insulin in a sample of blood is divided by the amount of glucagon in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the glucagon level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of one or more thyroid hormones, the hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:24:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001360 calculated blood thyroid hormone level CMO:0001360 A measurement of one or more thyroid hormones, the hormones produced by the thyroid gland that are primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormone A calculated measurement in which the amount of triiodothyronine in a specified volume of blood is divided by the amount of thyroxine in the same sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to thyroxine level. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:28:42Z EFO:0009779 tri-iodothyronine/thyroxine ratio measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood T3 to T4 ratio CMO:0001361 blood triiodothyronine to thyroxine ratio CMO:0001361 A calculated measurement in which the amount of triiodothyronine in a specified volume of blood is divided by the amount of thyroxine in the same sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to thyroxine level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in blood which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:46:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001362 calculated blood lipoprotein level CMO:0001362 A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in blood which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:53:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001363 calculated serum lipoprotein level CMO:0001363 A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:53:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001364 calculated plasma lipoprotein level CMO:0001364 A measurement of the amount of lipoprotein(s) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Lipoprotein refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of HDL, small-particle lipoproteins that promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile, in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of LDL, relatively large-particle lipoproteins that transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissue, in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-11T11:58:22Z serum HDL-C to LDL-C ratio clinical_measurement_ontology serum HDL to LDL ratio CMO:0001365 serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol to low density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio CMO:0001365 A calculated measurement in which the amount of HDL, small-particle lipoproteins that promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile, in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of LDL, relatively large-particle lipoproteins that transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissue, in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more horns of an animal. A horn is a usually pointed projection of skin on the head of various animals consisting of a covering of keratin and other proteins surrounding a core of live bone. JSmith 2013-01-11T12:56:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001366 horn morphological measurement CMO:0001366 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more horns of an animal. A horn is a usually pointed projection of skin on the head of various animals consisting of a covering of keratin and other proteins surrounding a core of live bone. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_%28anatomy%29 Any measurement of the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. JSmith 2013-01-11T13:00:49Z EFO:0007891 skin barrier function measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001367 skin measurement CMO:0001367 Any measurement of the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. JSmith 2013-01-11T13:03:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001368 skin morphological measurement CMO:0001368 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Length from base to tip of the pointed projections, often found in pairs, on the head of an animal. JSmith 2013-01-11T13:06:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001369 horn length CMO:0001369 Length from base to tip of the pointed projections, often found in pairs, on the head of an animal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Distance measured around the base of the pointed projections, often found in pairs, on the head of an animal. JSmith 2013-01-11T13:14:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001370 horn circumference CMO:0001370 Distance measured around the base of the pointed projections, often found in pairs, on the head of an animal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Depth of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the last rib. JSmith 2013-01-11T15:55:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001371 back fat thickness, last rib CMO:0001371 Depth of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the last rib. QTLdb:CAP Depth of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the last lumbar vertebra. JSmith 2013-01-11T15:56:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001372 back fat thickness, last lumbar vertebra CMO:0001372 Depth of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the posterior trunk area at the location of the last lumbar vertebra. QTLdb:CAP Any measurement of the direct progeny of a parent or parents. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:08:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001373 offspring measurement CMO:0001373 Any measurement of the direct progeny of a parent or parents. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of direct progeny born, either per individual gestation or the total over a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:17:48Z EFO:0009102 number of children ever born measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001374 number of offspring CMO:0001374 The number of direct progeny born, either per individual gestation or the total over a specified period of time. RGD:JRS Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Number of offspring per litter that are dead at parturition. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:21:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001375 stillborn offspring number CMO:0001375 Number of offspring per litter that are dead at parturition. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Number of direct progeny that survive to the age of weaning, that is, the discontinuation of the offspring's dependence on its mother's milk. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:23:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001376 weaned offspring number CMO:0001376 Number of direct progeny that survive to the age of weaning, that is, the discontinuation of the offspring's dependence on its mother's milk. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:33:46Z EFO:0010074 EFO:0010075 intertrochanteric region size trochanter size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001377 femur morphological measurement CMO:0001377 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the tibia, the major bone in the lower part of the hindlimb, which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:44:47Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001378 tibia morphological measurement CMO:0001378 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the tibia, the major bone in the lower part of the hindlimb, which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:47:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001379 humerus morphological measurement CMO:0001379 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:51:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001380 humerus area CMO:0001380 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary VT:1000276 Distance across the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below, measured midway between the two ends of the bone. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:54:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001381 mid-humerus width CMO:0001381 Distance across the humerus, the bone in the upper portion of the forelimb that articulates with the scapula above and the radius and ulna below, measured midway between the two ends of the bone. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-01-11T16:56:34Z MA:0001361 tibial area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001382 tibia area measurement CMO:0001382 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary VT:1000281 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain has two or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:13:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk polyunsaturated fatty acid composition CMO:0001383 milk polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage CMO:0001383 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain has two or more double or triple carbon-carbon bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010374 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain has only one double or triple carbon-carbon bond, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:26:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk monounsaturated fatty acid composition CMO:0001384 milk monounsaturated fatty acid percentage CMO:0001384 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain has only one double or triple carbon-carbon bond, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010373 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain contains only single carbon-carbon bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:31:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001385 milk saturated fatty acid percentage CMO:0001385 The amount in milk fat of all organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons in which the carbon chain contains only single carbon-carbon bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010304 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a seventeen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-10, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:33:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk cis-10-heptadeceonic acid percentage CMO:0001386 milk fatty acid cis-10-C17:1 percentage CMO:0001386 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with a seventeen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-10, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0000031 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-11, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:36:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk cis-vaccenic acid percentage CMO:0001387 milk fatty acid cis-11-C18:1 percentage CMO:0001387 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and a cis double bond at C-11, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0000032 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and three double bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:43:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk linolenic acid percentage CMO:0001388 milk fatty acid C18:3 (n-3) percentage CMO:0001388 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acid with an eighteen-carbon backbone and three double bonds, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010369 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acid with a twenty-carbon backbone and cis double bonds at C-5, C-8, C11, and C-14, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:48:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk arachidonic acid percentage CMO:0001389 milk fatty acid cis-5,8,11,14-C20:4 percentage CMO:0001389 The amount in milk fat of an unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acid with a twenty-carbon backbone and cis double bonds at C-5, C-8, C11, and C-14, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010365 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a seventeen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:52:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk margaric acid percentage CMO:0001390 milk fatty acid C17:0 percentage CMO:0001390 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a seventeen-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010317 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a four-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:54:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology milk butyric acid percentage CMO:0001391 milk fatty acid C4:0 percentage CMO:0001391 The amount in milk fat of a saturated fatty acid with a four-carbon backbone, expressed as a percentage of the total fatty acid amount. PT:0010306 A calculated measurement in which the amount in milk fat of unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acids is divided by the amount of unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acids and expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-11T17:56:52Z omega-6:omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio EFO:0010732 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001392 milk omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio CMO:0001392 A calculated measurement in which the amount in milk fat of unsaturated, omega-6 fatty acids is divided by the amount of unsaturated, omega-3 fatty acids and expressed as a percentage. RGD:JRS A calculated measurement in which the amount in milk fat of the 16 carbon monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid is divided by the amount of the 16 carbon saturated fatty acid palmitic acid and expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-11T18:01:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001393 milk palmitoleic to palmitic acid ratio CMO:0001393 A calculated measurement in which the amount in milk fat of the 16 carbon monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid is divided by the amount of the 16 carbon saturated fatty acid palmitic acid and expressed as a percentage. RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_acid The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the longissimus muscle of the back. The longissimus is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis located lateral to the semispinalis and extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. JSmith 2013-01-14T11:32:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001394 longissimus muscle weight CMO:0001394 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the longissimus muscle of the back. The longissimus is the longest subdivision of the sacrospinalis located lateral to the semispinalis and extends forward into the transverse processes of the posterior cervical vertebrae. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longissimus The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the of the semitendinosus muscle, one of three posterior femoral muscles of the thigh which functions to flex the leg, to rotate it medially after flexion, and to extend the thigh. JSmith 2013-01-14T11:33:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001395 semitendinosus muscle weight CMO:0001395 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the of the semitendinosus muscle, one of three posterior femoral muscles of the thigh which functions to flex the leg, to rotate it medially after flexion, and to extend the thigh. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the semimembranosus muscle, one of three posterior femoral muscles. Situated at the back and medial side of the thigh, it originates in a thick tendon attached to the tuberosity of the ischium and inserts into the horizontal groove on the medial condyle of the tibia. It functions to flex the leg, to rotate it medially after flexion, and to extend the thigh. JSmith 2013-01-14T11:34:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001396 semimembranosus muscle weight CMO:0001396 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the semimembranosus muscle, one of three posterior femoral muscles. Situated at the back and medial side of the thigh, it originates in a thick tendon attached to the tuberosity of the ischium and inserts into the horizontal groove on the medial condyle of the tibia. It functions to flex the leg, to rotate it medially after flexion, and to extend the thigh. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The weight or the measure of the heaviness of one of the posterior femoral muscles whose long head has origin from the tuberosity of the ischium and whose short head has origin from the lower half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera, with insertion into the head of the fibula, whose action flexes the knee and rotates the leg laterally. JSmith 2013-01-14T11:35:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001397 biceps femoris muscle weight CMO:0001397 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of one of the posterior femoral muscles whose long head has origin from the tuberosity of the ischium and whose short head has origin from the lower half of the lateral lip of the linea aspera, with insertion into the head of the fibula, whose action flexes the knee and rotates the leg laterally. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the leg muscle with origin in the ilium and insertion to the surface of the greater trochanter, whose action abducts and rotates the thigh. JSmith 2013-01-14T11:36:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001398 gluteus medius muscle weight CMO:0001398 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the leg muscle with origin in the ilium and insertion to the surface of the greater trochanter, whose action abducts and rotates the thigh. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated measurement of the absolute, relative or proportional decrease in total body weight of an individual over time. JSmith 2013-01-14T12:44:45Z EFO:0005245 body weight loss clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001399 body weight loss CMO:0001399 A calculated measurement of the absolute, relative or proportional decrease in total body weight of an individual over time. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the largest weight loss recorded between two time points or two conditions is divided by the body weight under basal conditions and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-14T12:54:50Z ratio of maximum body weight loss to basal body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001400 maximum body weight loss to initial body weight ratio CMO:0001400 A calculated measurement in which the largest weight loss recorded between two time points or two conditions is divided by the body weight under basal conditions and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a point in time or develop R-EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Relapsing-remitting EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. JSmith 2013-01-14T13:01:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology R-EAE incidence/prevalence measurement relapsing-remitting EAE incidence/prevalence measurement relapsing/remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001401 relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001401 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a point in time or develop R-EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Relapsing-remitting EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of new cases of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. JSmith 2013-01-14T13:40:33Z percentage of study population developing relapsing/remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology R-EAE incidence relapsing-remitting EAE incidence relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence CMO:0001402 percentage of study population developing relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time CMO:0001402 The number of new cases of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of individuals in a study population which display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. JSmith 2013-01-14T13:44:09Z percentage of study population displaying relapsing/remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology R-EAE prevalence relapsing-remitting EAE prevalence relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis prevalence CMO:0001403 percentage of study population displaying relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time CMO:0001403 The number of individuals in a study population which display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), or to the official determination of a disease as the cause of the observed symptom(s) of EAE. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. JSmith 2013-01-14T14:43:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAE onset/diagnosis measurement Not4Curation CMO:0001404 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001404 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), or to the official determination of a disease as the cause of the observed symptom(s) of EAE. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained while running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. JSmith 2013-01-14T14:54:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001405 distance run on treadmill CMO:0001405 A measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained while running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Measurement of the greatest reached or recorded linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained while running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. JSmith 2013-01-14T15:35:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology aerobic running capacity (ARC) CMO:0001406 maximum distance run on treadmill CMO:0001406 Measurement of the greatest reached or recorded linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained while running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary The amount of ethanol, a colorless volatile flammable liquid CH3CH2OH that is the intoxicating agent in liquors, consumed per unit time. JSmith 2013-01-14T15:41:12Z alcohol consumption measurement alcohol intake rate EFO:0007878 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001407 ethanol drink intake rate CMO:0001407 The amount of ethanol, a colorless volatile flammable liquid CH3CH2OH that is the intoxicating agent in liquors, consumed per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the cavity or channel within an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. JSmith 2013-01-15T10:37:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001408 artery lumen measurement CMO:0001408 Any measurement of the cavity or channel within an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the enclosed cavity or channel in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. For an artery with a neointimal lesion, the cross-sectional area of the lesion would be subtracted from the circular vessel area to obtain the artery lumen area. JSmith 2013-01-15T10:50:23Z PMID:10364562 LS lumen size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001409 artery lumen area CMO:0001409 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the enclosed cavity or channel in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. For an artery with a neointimal lesion, the cross-sectional area of the lesion would be subtracted from the circular vessel area to obtain the artery lumen area. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed PMID:10364562 Any measurement of the fibrous and muscular structure of one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. The wall of an artery is composed of three layers: the tunica intima, the inner coat; the tunica media, the middle coat; and the tunica adventitia, the outer coat. JSmith 2013-01-15T11:04:30Z arterial wall measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001410 artery wall measurement CMO:0001410 Any measurement of the fibrous and muscular structure of one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. The wall of an artery is composed of three layers: the tunica intima, the inner coat; the tunica media, the middle coat; and the tunica adventitia, the outer coat. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the tunica media, or middle coat, of the wall of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. JSmith 2013-01-15T11:17:48Z arterial tunica media measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001411 artery tunica media measurement CMO:0001411 Any measurement of the tunica media, or middle coat, of the wall of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A direct measurement of two dimensional extent of the tunica media, the middle coat of the arterial wall, in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. The total area of the tunica media gives an indication of the thickness of the arterial wall. JSmith 2013-01-15T11:21:04Z arterial tunica media area clinical_measurement_ontology media area (MA) of artery CMO:0001412 artery tunica media area CMO:0001412 A direct measurement of two dimensional extent of the tunica media, the middle coat of the arterial wall, in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. The total area of the tunica media gives an indication of the thickness of the arterial wall. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement of the average width of the tunica media, the middle layer of the arterial wall. Can be calculated using the media area and the length of the internal elastic lamina. JSmith 2013-01-15T11:34:35Z arterial tunica media width artery tunica media width clinical_measurement_ontology media width (MW) of artery CMO:0001413 artery tunica media thickness CMO:0001413 A calculated measurement of the average width of the tunica media, the middle layer of the arterial wall. Can be calculated using the media area and the length of the internal elastic lamina. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed PMID:16434542 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single hyperplastic lesion of the tunica intima, that is, the inner coat of the arterial wall, or a measurement of the total area occupied by hyperplastic lesions of the tunica intima in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. A hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue resulting from an increased rate of cellular division due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:10:01Z artery intimal hyperplastic lesion area neointimal hyperplasia area of artery clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001414 artery neointimal hyperplastic lesion area CMO:0001414 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single hyperplastic lesion of the tunica intima, that is, the inner coat of the arterial wall, or a measurement of the total area occupied by hyperplastic lesions of the tunica intima in a cross-section of an artery, one of the large blood vessels carrying blood in a direction away from the heart to the tissues. A hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue resulting from an increased rate of cellular division due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimal_hyperplasia Any measurement of one or more hyperplastic lesions of the arterial tunica intima which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:33:00Z calculated arterial intima hyperplasia area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001415 calculated artery neointimal hyperplastic lesion area CMO:0001415 Any measurement of one or more hyperplastic lesions of the arterial tunica intima which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the area of the arterial tunica intima occupied by one or more hyperplastic lesions is divided by the total cross-sectional area of the artery wall and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:33:16Z ratio of neointimal hyperplasia area to total wall area of artery clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001416 artery neointimal hyperplastic lesion area to total wall area ratio CMO:0001416 A calculated measurement in which the area of the arterial tunica intima occupied by one or more hyperplastic lesions is divided by the total cross-sectional area of the artery wall and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The area of the arterial lumen remaining when the luminal space is restricted by a pathological process, e.g. hyperplasia. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:50:46Z residual lumen area of diseased artery clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001417 lesioned artery residual lumen area CMO:0001417 The area of the arterial lumen remaining when the luminal space is restricted by a pathological process, e.g. hyperplasia. PMID:16434542 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease state, i.e. the animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:54:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAE severity measurement Not4Curation CMO:0001418 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity measurement CMO:0001418 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease state, i.e. the animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, causes pain or damage. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis A rating, usually expressed numerically and based on the degree to which certain qualities or conditions are present, of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease state, i.e. the animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-15T12:59:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAE severity score CMO:0001419 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis severity score CMO:0001419 A rating, usually expressed numerically and based on the degree to which certain qualities or conditions are present, of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease state, i.e. the animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, causes pain or damage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a liver lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2013-01-15T13:08:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001420 calculated liver tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001420 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a liver lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells is divided by the total number of liver tumorous lesion cells and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-15T13:13:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology PCNA index ratio of PCNA-positive cells to total liver tumorous lesion cells ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive nuclei to total liver tumorous lesion nuclei CMO:0001421 ratio of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells to total liver tumorous lesion cells CMO:0001421 A calculated value in which the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells is divided by the total number of liver tumorous lesion cells and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. JSmith 2013-01-15T14:09:41Z EAE post-insult time to onset clinical_measurement_ontology EAE latency experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis latency CMO:0001422 post-insult time to onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis CMO:0001422 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement related to the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, for example, a series of stages or a succession of states in the disease process or the duration of the disease state. JSmith 2013-01-15T14:12:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAE progression measurement CMO:0001423 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis progression measurement CMO:0001423 Any measurement related to the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, for example, a series of stages or a succession of states in the disease process or the duration of the disease state. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis Measurement of the length of time between onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, and either the point at which the measurement is taken, the resolution of symptoms or the death of the organism. JSmith 2013-01-15T14:37:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAE duration CMO:0001424 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis duration CMO:0001424 Measurement of the length of time between onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells, and either the point at which the measurement is taken, the resolution of symptoms or the death of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The weight after desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-01-16T13:36:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001425 both kidneys dry weight CMO:0001425 The weight after desiccation of both kidneys, the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The weight after desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-01-16T13:36:57Z individual kidney dry weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001426 single kidney dry weight CMO:0001426 The weight after desiccation of a single kidney, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of fluid, cells, or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces. JSmith 2013-01-16T15:10:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001427 exudate measurement CMO:0001427 Any measurement of fluid, cells, or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of fluid, cells and/or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T15:14:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001428 inflammatory exudate measurement CMO:0001428 Any measurement of fluid, cells and/or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fluid, cells and/or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T15:29:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001429 inflammatory exudate volume CMO:0001429 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fluid, cells and/or other substances that have been slowly exuded, or discharged, from tissues, cells or blood vessels and deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the number of cells in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T15:31:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001430 inflammatory exudate cell count CMO:0001430 Measurement of the number of cells in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of neutrophils in a specified volume of inflammatory exudate, A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. JSmith 2013-01-16T15:51:03Z inflammatory exudate polymorphonuclear leukocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001431 inflammatory exudate neutrophil count CMO:0001431 The number of neutrophils in a specified volume of inflammatory exudate, A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of mononuclear cells, white blood cells including lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T16:15:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology inflammatory exudate MNL count inflammatory exudate mononuclear cell count CMO:0001432 inflammatory exudate mononuclear leukocyte count CMO:0001432 The number of mononuclear cells, white blood cells including lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of protein, a complex organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in the fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T16:18:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001433 inflammatory exudate protein measurement CMO:0001433 Any measurement of protein, a complex organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, in the fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the complete or entire amount of protein in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T16:27:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001434 inflammatory exudate total protein level CMO:0001434 Measurement of the complete or entire amount of protein in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf), a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the protein superfamily of the same name, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T16:39:24Z tumor necrosis factor measurement tumor necrosis factor-alpha measurement EFO:0004684 EFO:0010834 clinical_measurement_ontology inflammatory exudate Tnf-alpha concentration inflammatory exudate Tnfa concentration inflammatory exudate tumor necrosis factor alpha concentration CMO:0001435 inflammatory exudate tumor necrosis factor level CMO:0001435 Measurement of the amount of tumor necrosis factor (Tnf), a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the protein superfamily of the same name, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:7124 Measurement of the amount of nitric oxide (NO), the free radical oxide of nitrogen which functions in various physiological capacities including as a vasodilator, signaling molecule, neurotransmitter and microbicide, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-16T16:42:59Z CHEBI:16480 inflammatory exudate NO level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001436 inflammatory exudate nitric oxide level CMO:0001436 Measurement of the amount of nitric oxide (NO), the free radical oxide of nitrogen which functions in various physiological capacities including as a vasodilator, signaling molecule, neurotransmitter and microbicide, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_Oxide Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2013-01-17T10:27:16Z inflammatory exudate icosanoid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001437 inflammatory exudate eicosanoid measurement CMO:0001437 Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid Measurement of the amount of leukotriene B4, a major metabolite in neutrophils which stimulates degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, and arachidonic acid and lysosome release, and serves as a potent chemoattractant, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T10:37:02Z inflammatory exudate LTB4 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001438 inflammatory exudate leukotriene B4 level CMO:0001438 Measurement of the amount of leukotriene B4, a major metabolite in neutrophils which stimulates degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, and arachidonic acid and lysosome release, and serves as a potent chemoattractant, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MeSH:D007975 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukotriene_B4 Measurement of the amount of lipoxin A4, a arachidonic acid-derived nonclassic eicosanoid which participates in the resolution of inflammation, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T11:01:46Z inflammatory exudate LXA4 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001439 inflammatory exudate lipoxin A4 level CMO:0001439 Measurement of the amount of lipoxin A4, a arachidonic acid-derived nonclassic eicosanoid which participates in the resolution of inflammation, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoxin_A4 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process, of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T11:03:32Z calculated inflammatory exudate icosanoid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001440 calculated inflammatory exudate eicosanoid measurement CMO:0001440 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process, of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid A calculated measurement in which the amount of leukotriene B4 in a specified volume of exudate, a fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, is divided by the amount of lipoxin A4 in that exudate and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-17T11:14:00Z inflammatory exudate LTB4 to LXA4 ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001441 inflammatory exudate leukotriene B4 level to lipoxin A4 level ratio CMO:0001441 A calculated measurement in which the amount of leukotriene B4 in a specified volume of exudate, a fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, is divided by the amount of lipoxin A4 in that exudate and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2013-01-17T11:23:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001442 measurement of voluntary horizontal locomotion in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001442 Any measurement of the movement of an organism from one place to another along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/horizontal Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2013-01-17T11:45:09Z total horizontal distance travelled in an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001443 total horizontal distance resulting from voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001443 Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/horizontal Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of radioactively-labeled glucose--the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body, to which one or more atoms that give off radiation as the result of the disintegration of their nuclei have been covalently attached--that can be transported into a fat cell. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:07:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001444 adipocyte maximal radioactive glucose uptake CMO:0001444 Measurement of the maximum, that is, the maximally stimulated, amount of radioactively-labeled glucose--the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body, to which one or more atoms that give off radiation as the result of the disintegration of their nuclei have been covalently attached--that can be transported into a fat cell. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of radioactively-labeled glucose--the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body, to which one or more atoms that give off radiation as the result of the disintegration of their nuclei have been covalently attached--transported into a fat cell. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:11:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001445 adipocyte basal radioactive glucose uptake CMO:0001445 Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of radioactively-labeled glucose--the monosaccharide sugar which is the principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body, to which one or more atoms that give off radiation as the result of the disintegration of their nuclei have been covalently attached--transported into a fat cell. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The difference, reported per unit volume, in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:28:28Z absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid release per unit volume absolute per volume change in adipocyte free fatty acid secretion clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in adipocyte NEFA release per unit volume absolute change in adipocyte NEFA secretion per unit volume absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid release per unit volume absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid secretion per unit volume adipocyte incremental NEFA secretion per unit volume adipocyte incremental free fatty acid secretion per unit volume CMO:0001446 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid secretion per unit volume CMO:0001446 The difference, reported per unit volume, in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/horizontal The difference, reported per cell, in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:30:13Z absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid release per cell absolute per cell change in adipocyte free fatty acid secretion clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in adipocyte NEFA release per cell absolute change in adipocyte NEFA secretion per cell absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid release per cell absolute change in adipocyte non-esterified fatty acid secretion per cell adipocyte incremental NEFA secretion per cell adipocyte incremental free fatty acid secretion per cell CMO:0001447 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in adipocyte free fatty acid secretion per cell CMO:0001447 The difference, reported per cell, in the amount of free or non-esterified fatty acid released/secreted from a fat cell between two conditions, for example between the basal or baseline state and a stimulated state, such as occurs with administration of a hormone which stimulates lipolysis. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/horizontal Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of arthritis, or to the official determination of arthritis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Arthritis is any disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:44:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001448 arthritis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001448 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of arthritis, or to the official determination of arthritis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Arthritis is any disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental arthritis, or to the official determination of experimental arthritis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T12:58:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology induced arthritis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001449 experimental arthritis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001449 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental arthritis, or to the official determination of experimental arthritis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental arthritis, a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T13:03:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology induced arthritis post-insult time to onset CMO:0001450 post-insult time to onset of experimental arthritis CMO:0001450 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental arthritis, a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display arthritis at a point in time or develop arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Arthritis is any disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. JSmith 2013-01-17T13:05:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001451 arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001451 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display arthritis at a point in time or develop arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Arthritis is any disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental arthritis at a point in time or develop experimental arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T13:12:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology induced arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001452 experimental arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001452 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental arthritis at a point in time or develop experimental arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine The number of new cases of experimental arthritis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T13:18:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology experimental arthritis incidence induced arthritis incidence CMO:0001453 percentage of study population developing experimental arthritis during a period of time CMO:0001453 The number of new cases of experimental arthritis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental arthritis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T13:21:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology experimental arthritis prevalence induced arthritis prevalence CMO:0001454 percentage of study population displaying experimental arthritis at a point in time CMO:0001454 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental arthritis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental arthritis is a disease characterized by inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental arthritis at a point in time or develop chronic experimental arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. JSmith 2013-01-17T15:36:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation chronic induced arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001455 chronic experimental arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001455 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental arthritis at a point in time or develop chronic experimental arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of new cases of chronic experimental arthritis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. JSmith 2013-01-17T15:57:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic experimental arthritis incidence chronic induced arthritis incidence CMO:0001456 percentage of study population developing chronic experimental arthritis during a period of time CMO:0001456 The number of new cases of chronic experimental arthritis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display chronic experimental arthritis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. JSmith 2013-01-17T16:00:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic experimental arthritis prevalence chronic induced arthritis prevalence CMO:0001457 percentage of study population displaying chronic experimental arthritis at a point in time CMO:0001457 The number of individuals in a study population which display chronic experimental arthritis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Chronic experimental arthritis refers to artificially induced joint inflammation which persists for a long period of time, especially when characterized by recurrence and/or slow development over time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the arthritis disease state, i.e. the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-17T16:05:31Z EFO:0009435 arthritis disease activity score measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001458 arthritis severity measurement CMO:0001458 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the arthritis disease state, i.e. the inflammation of one or more joints, the sites of junction or union between bones, especially those that allow motion of the bones, causes pain or damage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental arthritis disease state, i.e. the state characterized by inflammation of one or more joints in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-17T16:16:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology induced arthritis severity measurement CMO:0001459 experimental arthritis severity measurement CMO:0001459 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental arthritis disease state, i.e. the state characterized by inflammation of one or more joints in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation, causes pain or damage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the number of paws per animal displaying inflammation in an experimental model of arthritis, that is, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. JSmith 2013-01-17T16:18:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001460 arthritic paw count CMO:0001460 Measurement of the number of paws per animal displaying inflammation in an experimental model of arthritis, that is, in which the condition is a result of the artificial induction of joint inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. JSmith 2013-01-17T16:43:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001461 liver remodeling tumorous lesion number CMO:0001461 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. JSmith 2013-01-17T17:00:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001462 liver nonremodeling tumorous lesion number CMO:0001462 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 A calculated value in which the volume of liver occupied by lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-17T17:23:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver remodeling tumorous lesion volume fraction CMO:0001463 liver remodeling tumorous lesion volume to total liver volume ratio CMO:0001463 A calculated value in which the volume of liver occupied by lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 A calculated value in which the volume of liver occupied by lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression, is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-17T17:30:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver nonremodeling tumorous lesion volume fraction CMO:0001464 liver nonremodeling tumorous lesion volume to total liver volume ratio CMO:0001464 A calculated value in which the volume of liver occupied by lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression, is divided by the total volume of the liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-17T18:02:48Z blood alpha-1-acid glycoprotein level clinical_measurement_ontology blood AGP level blood ORM1 level CMO:0001465 blood orosomucoid 1 level CMO:0001465 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of blood. HGNC:8498 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-17T18:11:52Z serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein level clinical_measurement_ontology serum AGP level serum ORM1 level CMO:0001466 serum orosomucoid 1 level CMO:0001466 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed HGNC:8498 ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-17T18:11:58Z plasma alpha-1-acid glycoprotein level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma AGP level plasma ORM1 level CMO:0001467 plasma orosomucoid 1 level CMO:0001467 The amount of the acute-phase reactant orosomucoid 1 (ORM1; alpha-1-acid glycoprotein), a member of the lipocalin protein family which is upregulated during inflammation, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed HGNC:8498 ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-01-21T12:26:44Z EFO:0600048 PMID:32156510 liver volume liver lobe volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001468 liver volume CMO:0001468 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-01-21T12:32:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001469 liver size measurement CMO:0001469 Measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of the liver, the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of tumorous lesions in the liver is divided by the total volume of that liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2013-01-21T15:51:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001470 liver tumorous lesion number to liver volume ratio CMO:0001470 A calculated measurement in which the number of tumorous lesions in the liver is divided by the total volume of that liver and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is a localized pathological change which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-21T16:11:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood AFP level CMO:0001471 blood alpha-fetoprotein level CMO:0001471 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-21T16:24:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum AFP level CMO:0001472 serum alpha-fetoprotein level CMO:0001472 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-21T16:24:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma AFP level CMO:0001473 plasma alpha-fetoprotein level CMO:0001473 The amount of alpha-fetoprotein, a highly abundant plasma protein produced by the yolk sac, liver and gastrointestinal tract during fetal life and by certain neoplasms in the adult, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-01-21T16:32:31Z EFO:0020865 aortic measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001474 aorta measurement CMO:0001474 Any measurement of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the physical form or structure of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-01-21T16:37:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001475 aorta morphological measurement CMO:0001475 Any quantification of the physical form or structure of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The speed at which the blood flows through the circulatory system or through a specific segment of a vein or artery, expressed as distance per unit of time. JSmith 2013-01-25T12:50:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001476 blood flow velocity CMO:0001476 The speed at which the blood flows through the circulatory system or through a specific segment of a vein or artery, expressed as distance per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The speed at which the blood flows through an artery, expressed as distance per unit of time. JSmith 2013-01-25T12:56:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001477 arterial blood flow velocity CMO:0001477 The speed at which the blood flows through an artery, expressed as distance per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The speed at which the blood flows through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, expressed as distance per unit of time. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:10:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001478 aortic blood flow velocity CMO:0001478 The speed at which the blood flows through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, expressed as distance per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the movement of blood through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:15:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001479 aortic blood flow measurement CMO:0001479 Any measurement of the movement of blood through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The volume of blood flowing through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, per unit of time. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:18:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001480 aortic blood flow rate CMO:0001480 The volume of blood flowing through the aorta, the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The maximum speed at which the blood flows through the aorta during the cardiac cycle, expressed as distance per unit of time. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:21:50Z aortic peak velocity (APV) maximum aortic velocity peak aortic blood flow velocity peak of aortic outflow velocity (PAV) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001481 peak aortic velocity CMO:0001481 The maximum speed at which the blood flows through the aorta during the cardiac cycle, expressed as distance per unit of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the closing of the aortic and pulmonic/pulmonary semilunar valves and opening of the atrioventricular (AV) valves marking the beginning of ventricular filling. Used as an indicator of diastolic dysfunction. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:29:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology IVRT CMO:0001482 heart isovolumetric relaxation time CMO:0001482 The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the closing of the aortic and pulmonic/pulmonary semilunar valves and opening of the atrioventricular (AV) valves marking the beginning of ventricular filling. Used as an indicator of diastolic dysfunction. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://www.cvphysiology.com/Heart%20Disease/HD002e.htm http://www.elu.sgul.ac.uk/rehash/guest/scorm/383/package/content/cardiac_cycle.htm Measurement of the physical form or structure of the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the left ventricle. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:35:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001483 heart left atrium morphological measurement CMO:0001483 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the left ventricle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the right ventricle. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001484 heart right atrium morphological measurement CMO:0001484 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the right ventricle. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the left atrium of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the left ventricle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to the left atrium's largest diameter. JSmith 2013-01-25T13:51:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001485 heart left atrium end-systolic diameter CMO:0001485 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the left atrium of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the left ventricle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to the left atrium's largest diameter. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the left atrium of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the left ventricle is maximally dilated, and usually corresponds to the left atrium's smallest diameter. JSmith 2013-01-25T15:50:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001486 heart left atrium end-diastolic diameter CMO:0001486 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the left atrium of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the left ventricle is maximally dilated, and usually corresponds to the left atrium's smallest diameter. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left atrium, the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the left ventricle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-25T15:51:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001487 calculated heart left atrium morphological measurement CMO:0001487 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the left atrium, the left upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the left ventricle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement corresponding to the ratio or percent reduction in left atrial diameter between end-systole and end-diastole. It is calculated as the left atrium end-systolic diameter (LADs) minus the left atrium end-diastolic diameter (LADd) divided by the left atrium end-systolic diameter (LADs). JSmith 2013-01-25T16:00:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001488 heart left atrium fractional shortening CMO:0001488 A calculated measurement corresponding to the ratio or percent reduction in left atrial diameter between end-systole and end-diastole. It is calculated as the left atrium end-systolic diameter (LADs) minus the left atrium end-diastolic diameter (LADd) divided by the left atrium end-systolic diameter (LADs). PMID:18806617 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricle_%28heart%29 Any measurement of the ease with which a joint, that is, an articulation where two bones meet, or series of joints is able to move before being restricted by the surrounding structures, such as ligaments, tendons, muscles, etc. JSmith 2013-01-25T16:10:53Z EFO:0007905 joint hypermobility measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001489 joint mobility measurement CMO:0001489 Any measurement of the ease with which a joint, that is, an articulation where two bones meet, or series of joints is able to move before being restricted by the surrounding structures, such as ligaments, tendons, muscles, etc. Oxford:Oxford_Food_&_Fitness_Dictionary_2003 http://www.acefitness.org/blog/1189/stability-and-mobility Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population with pre-existing experimental arthritis that display ankylosis, the immobility and consolidation of a joint, at a point in time or develop ankylosis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in that arthritic study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2013-01-25T17:25:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001490 ankylosis in experimental arthritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001490 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population with pre-existing experimental arthritis that display ankylosis, the immobility and consolidation of a joint, at a point in time or develop ankylosis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in that arthritic study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of subjects with pre-existing arthritis develop ankylosis, the immobility and consolidation of a joint, is divided by the total number of experimental subjects with arthritis and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-25T17:36:40Z ratio of subjects with ankylosis to total subjects with arthritis clinical_measurement_ontology ankylosis in experimental arthritis incidence CMO:0001491 subjects with ankylosis to total subjects with arthritis ratio CMO:0001491 A calculated measurement in which the number of subjects with pre-existing arthritis develop ankylosis, the immobility and consolidation of a joint, is divided by the total number of experimental subjects with arthritis and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The latency period following an external stimulus spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before moving to a different space in an experimental apparatus. JSmith 2013-01-25T17:59:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology measurement of response latency time between stimulus and first movement outside a discrete space in a an experimental apparatus CMO:0001492 time to first movement outside a discrete space in a an experimental apparatus following a stimulus true CMO:0001492 The latency period following an external stimulus spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before moving to a different space in an experimental apparatus. RGD:JRS RGD:SL Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual during a specified period of time into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus when such movement originated and/or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2013-01-25T18:03:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology measurement of distance moved per unit of time in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001493 distance moved per unit of time into, out of or within a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001493 Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual during a specified period of time into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus when such movement originated and/or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the heaviness of a posterior appendage such as a leg. JSmith 2013-01-28T16:28:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology back leg weight hind leg weight CMO:0001494 hind limb weight CMO:0001494 Measurement of the heaviness of a posterior appendage such as a leg. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the number of white blood cells, including lymphocytes and monocytes, with a single round or oval nucleus in a specified volume of blood. JSmith 2013-01-28T16:41:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology mononuclear leukocyte count CMO:0001495 blood mononuclear cell count CMO:0001495 Measurement of the number of white blood cells, including lymphocytes and monocytes, with a single round or oval nucleus in a specified volume of blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of all or part of the complex network of capillaries, thin vessels, valves, ducts, nodes, and organs that helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the entire body by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph and producing various blood cells. JSmith 2013-01-28T16:53:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001496 lymphatic system morphological measurement CMO:0001496 Measurement of the physical form or structure of all or part of the complex network of capillaries, thin vessels, valves, ducts, nodes, and organs that helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the entire body by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph and producing various blood cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more of the lymph nodes, the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. JSmith 2013-01-28T16:56:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland morphological measurement CMO:0001497 lymph node morphological measurement CMO:0001497 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more of the lymph nodes, the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the heaviness of any of the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. JSmith 2013-01-28T17:00:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland weight CMO:0001498 lymph node weight CMO:0001498 Measurement of the heaviness of any of the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more lymph nodes, any of the small oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph, after removal from the body but without desiccation. JSmith 2013-01-28T17:05:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland wet weight CMO:0001499 lymph node wet weight CMO:0001499 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more lymph nodes, any of the small oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PGA:Cardiac_protocol Measurement of the heaviness of one or more lymph nodes, any of the small oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph, after desiccation. JSmith 2013-01-28T17:14:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland dry weight CMO:0001500 lymph node dry weight CMO:0001500 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more lymph nodes, any of the small oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph, after desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the heaviness of one or more of the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region, after removal from the body but without desiccation. JSmith 2013-01-29T10:41:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001501 inguinal lymph nodes wet weight CMO:0001501 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more of the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region, after removal from the body but without desiccation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PGA:Cardiac_protocol Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of inflammation of the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-29T10:45:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001502 uveitis severity measurement CMO:0001502 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of inflammation of the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris, causes pain or damage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of inflammation of the uvea--the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris--resulting from experimental or artificial stimulation of an immune response by the body against its own tissue, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-29T11:10:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAU severity measurement CMO:0001503 experimental autoimmune uveitis severity measurement CMO:0001503 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of inflammation of the uvea--the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris--resulting from experimental or artificial stimulation of an immune response by the body against its own tissue, causes pain or damage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. EAU is an inflammation of the uvea--the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris--resulting from experimental or artificial stimulation of an immune response by the body against its own tissue. JSmith 2013-01-29T11:12:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology EAU score experimental autoimmune uveitis composite score experimental autoimmune uveitis severity score CMO:0001504 experimental autoimmune uveitis score CMO:0001504 A measurement of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. EAU is an inflammation of the uvea--the vascular, pigmentary, middle coat of the eye, comprising the choroid, ciliary body, and iris--resulting from experimental or artificial stimulation of an immune response by the body against its own tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-01-29T11:34:07Z hepatic mineral measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001505 liver mineral measurement CMO:0001505 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-01-29T11:43:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001506 liver copper measurement CMO:0001506 Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a whole liver. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:00:44Z copper weight per whole liver liver copper weight per total liver total hepatic copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001507 liver total copper weight CMO:0001507 Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a whole liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of liver. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:07:15Z hepatic copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001508 liver copper weight CMO:0001508 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:11:46Z calculated hepatic copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001509 calculated liver copper weight CMO:0001509 A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:24:18Z hepatic copper weight to liver weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001510 liver copper weight to liver weight ratio CMO:0001510 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the wet weight of that liver sample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:28:15Z hepatic copper weight to liver wet weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001511 liver copper weight to liver wet weight ratio CMO:0001511 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the wet weight of that liver sample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the dry weight of that liver sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:33:39Z hepatic copper weight to liver dry weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001512 liver copper weight to liver dry weight ratio CMO:0001512 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the dry weight of that liver sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:35:11Z hepatic copper weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001513 liver copper weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001513 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of equilateral right-angled grid elements measuring 20 centimeters on a side traversed by an experimental subject into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2013-01-29T12:47:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001514 number of 20 x 20 cm floor squares crossed into, out of or within a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001514 The number of equilateral right-angled grid elements measuring 20 centimeters on a side traversed by an experimental subject into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of a movement in which a quadrupedal subject rises up on its back legs. JSmith 2013-01-29T13:31:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001515 rearing measurement CMO:0001515 Any measurement of a movement in which a quadrupedal subject rises up on its back legs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject rises up on its back legs. JSmith 2013-01-29T13:36:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001516 number of rearing movements CMO:0001516 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject rises up on its back legs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject broke or interrupted a beam of light while moving into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. JSmith 2013-01-29T15:42:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001517 number of photobeam interruptions in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001517 Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject broke or interrupted a beam of light while moving into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of a movement which is not subject to control of the volition, that is, which occurs without conscious control. JSmith 2013-01-29T15:57:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001518 involuntary body movement measurement CMO:0001518 Any measurement of a movement which is not subject to control of the volition, that is, which occurs without conscious control. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Any measurement of the psychophysiological phenomena such as involuntary motor and autonomic reactions, evidenced by an individual in reaction to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. JSmith 2013-01-29T16:12:52Z EFO:0006875 acoustic startle reaction measurement acoustic startle blink response measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001519 acoustic startle response measurement CMO:0001519 Any measurement of the psychophysiological phenomena such as involuntary motor and autonomic reactions, evidenced by an individual in reaction to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the magnitude of the involuntary psychophysiological motor response of an organism to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. JSmith 2013-01-29T16:49:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001520 amplitude of the acoustic startle response CMO:0001520 Measurement of the magnitude of the involuntary psychophysiological motor response of an organism to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, at a point in time or develop EAN within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:13:50Z experimental allergic neuritis incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology EAN incidence/prevalence measurement Not4Curation CMO:0001521 experimental autoimmune neuritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001521 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, at a point in time or develop EAN within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of new cases of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:15:59Z percentage of study population developing experimental allergic neuritis during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology EAN incidence experimental allergic neuritis incidence experimental autoimmune neuritis incidence CMO:0001522 percentage of study population developing experimental autoimmune neuritis during a period of time CMO:0001522 The number of new cases of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:17:51Z percentage of study population displaying experimental allergic neuritis at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology EAN prevalence experimental allergic neuritis prevalence experimental autoimmune neuritis prevalence CMO:0001523 percentage of study population displaying experimental autoimmune neuritis at a point in time CMO:0001523 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, or to the official determination of EAN as the cause of the observed symptom(s). JSmith 2013-01-30T10:20:37Z experimental allergic neuritis onset/diagnosis measurement clinical_measurement_ontology EAN onset/diagnosis measurement Not4Curation CMO:0001524 experimental autoimmune neuritis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001524 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, or to the official determination of EAN as the cause of the observed symptom(s). McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, first appeared. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:22:33Z age of onset of experimental allergic neuritis clinical_measurement_ontology age of onset of EAN CMO:0001525 age of onset of experimental autoimmune neuritis CMO:0001525 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, first appeared. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:23:44Z post-insult time to onset of experimental allergic neuritis time of onset/diagnosis of experimental autoimmune neuritis after insult clinical_measurement_ontology post-immunization time to onset of EAN post-immunization time to onset of experimental autoimmune neuritis post-insult time to onset of EAN time of onset/diagnosis of experimental autoimmune neuritis after immunization CMO:0001526 post-insult time to onset of experimental autoimmune neuritis CMO:0001526 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) disease state, i.e. inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:26:19Z experimental allergic neuritis severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology EAN severity measurement Not4Curation CMO:0001527 experimental autoimmune neuritis severity measurement CMO:0001527 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) disease state, i.e. inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, causes pain or damage. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) disease state, i.e. inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, causes pain or damage when that value is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2013-01-30T10:28:24Z experimental allergic neuritis severity score clinical_measurement_ontology EAN composite score EAN severity score experimental autoimmune neuritis composite score CMO:0001528 experimental autoimmune neuritis severity score CMO:0001528 A measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN) disease state, i.e. inflammation of peripheral nerves caused by an anti-self immune reaction experimentally or artificially triggered by introduction of peripheral nerve tissue or protein components in adjuvant, causes pain or damage when that value is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T11:28:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001529 serum globulin measurement true CMO:0001529 Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T11:28:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001530 plasma globulin measurement true CMO:0001530 Any measurement related to one or more globulins, a class of proteins defined as being insoluble in water but soluble in a saline solution which includes carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, coagulation factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement related to immunoglobulins, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:00:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001531 blood immunoglobulin measurement CMO:0001531 Any measurement related to immunoglobulins, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them, in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement related to immunoglobulin molecule(s) with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:09:55Z plasma anti-E. coli antibody measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001532 plasma E. coli specific antibody measurement true CMO:0001532 Any measurement related to immunoglobulin molecule(s) with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:50:06Z serum anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001533 serum anti-DNA antibody level CMO:0001533 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:52:14Z serum anti-double-stranded DNA antibody level serum anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001534 serum anti-dsDNA antibody level CMO:0001534 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:53:18Z serum anti-single-stranded DNA antibody level serum anti-single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001535 serum anti-ssDNA antibody level CMO:0001535 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:55:57Z plasma anti-single-stranded DNA antibody level plasma anti-single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001536 plasma anti-ssDNA antibody level CMO:0001536 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:55:57Z plasma anti-double-stranded DNA antibody level plasma anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001537 plasma anti-dsDNA antibody level CMO:0001537 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T12:55:57Z plasma anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001538 plasma anti-DNA antibody level CMO:0001538 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T13:45:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001539 serum anti-laminin antibody level CMO:0001539 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T13:52:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001540 plasma anti-laminin antibody level CMO:0001540 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The total amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-01-30T14:05:28Z plasma total IgE level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001541 plasma total immunoglobulin E level CMO:0001541 The total amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The total amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-01-30T14:07:17Z serum total IgE level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001542 serum total immunoglobulin E level true CMO:0001542 The total amount of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the movement of blood through one or more vessels or organs in the body which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-01-30T14:16:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001543 calculated blood flow measurement CMO:0001543 A measurement of the movement of blood through one or more vessels or organs in the body which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall. JSmith 2013-03-15T17:22:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001544 myocardium measurement CMO:0001544 Any measurement of the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The volume of fluid flowing into, out of or through the blood vessels and microvasculature of the myocardium, the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall, per unit time. JSmith 2013-03-15T17:29:25Z MBF myocardial blood flow clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001545 myocardial flow rate CMO:0001545 The volume of fluid flowing into, out of or through the blood vessels and microvasculature of the myocardium, the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall, per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the amount of radioactive or other tracer lost from the myocardium, the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall, per unit time. JSmith 2013-03-15T17:38:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001546 myocardial clearance rate CMO:0001546 Measurement of the amount of radioactive or other tracer lost from the myocardium, the thick contractile middle layer of uniquely constructed and arranged muscle cells that forms the bulk of the heart wall, per unit time. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed PMID:17634844 Any measurement of the ureter, one or both of the long, narrow ducts that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. JSmith 2013-03-19T16:48:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001547 ureter measurement CMO:0001547 Any measurement of the ureter, one or both of the long, narrow ducts that convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement of the urethra, the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. JSmith 2013-03-19T16:51:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001548 urethra measurement CMO:0001548 Any measurement of the urethra, the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement of the urinary bladder, the elastic, muscular sac in which urine collects before excretion. JSmith 2013-03-19T16:53:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001549 urinary bladder measurement CMO:0001549 Any measurement of the urinary bladder, the elastic, muscular sac in which urine collects before excretion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T16:27:14Z EFO:0004512 bone measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001550 bone measurement CMO:0001550 A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement relating to a physiological parameter of bone, that is, a parameter related to the way a bone operates and/or the chemical or physical functions that exist in a bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T16:41:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001551 bone physiological measurement CMO:0001551 Any measurement relating to a physiological parameter of bone, that is, a parameter related to the way a bone operates and/or the chemical or physical functions that exist in a bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English Any measurement of the form or content of one or more of the mineral components of bone. JSmith 2013-05-07T16:57:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001552 bone mineral morphological measurement CMO:0001552 Any measurement of the form or content of one or more of the mineral components of bone. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T17:11:46Z EFO:0007620 volumetric bone mineral density clinical_measurement_ontology vBMD volumetric BMD CMO:0001553 volumetric bone mineral density CMO:0001553 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the amount, i.e. the mass, of mineral in bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T17:36:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology BMC CMO:0001554 bone mineral content CMO:0001554 Measurement of the amount, i.e. the mass, of mineral in bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:12434164 A measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral in bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T17:39:15Z EFO:0007591 bone mineral accretion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001555 calculated bone mineral content measurement CMO:0001555 A measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral in bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the mass of mineral in any or all of the bones of the body is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-05-07T17:43:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology BMC/BW CMO:0001556 bone mineral content to body weight ratio CMO:0001556 A calculated measurement in which the mass of mineral in any or all of the bones of the body is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Bone biomechanical measurements are calculated values, that is, they have been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation from primary physical measurements. JSmith 2013-05-07T17:54:05Z CMO:0001559 calculated bone biomechanical measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001557 bone biomechanical measurement CMO:0001557 Any value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Bone biomechanical measurements are calculated values, that is, they have been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation from primary physical measurements. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated geometric property of a cross section of a bone which expresses the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T18:08:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology bone Ip bone area moment of inertia bone cross-sectional moment of inertia CMO:0001558 bone polar moment of inertia CMO:0001558 A calculated geometric property of a cross section of a bone which expresses the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:8274302 http://www.ah-engr.com/som/animations/polar_moment.html A measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the quantification of the action of forces on or related to bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T00:00:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001559 calculated bone biomechanical measurement true CMO:0001559 A calculated measurement in which the value of the polar moment of inertia is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Polar moment of inertia is a calculated geometric property of a cross section of a bone which expresses the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T18:42:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001560 bone polar moment of inertia to body weight ratio CMO:0001560 A calculated measurement in which the value of the polar moment of inertia is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Polar moment of inertia is a calculated geometric property of a cross section of a bone which expresses the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:8274302 http://www.ah-engr.com/som/animations/polar_moment.html A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture a bone under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-05-07T18:45:42Z force at failure of bone ultimate load of bone clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001561 bone ultimate force CMO:0001561 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture a bone under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. PMID:11905527 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex es that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and LDL. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T11:08:21Z intermediate density lipoprotein measurement EFO:0008595 EFO:0022181 free cholesterol in IDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood IDL level blood IDL-C level CMO:0001562 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0001562 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex es that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and LDL. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ This is a measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T11:09:43Z plasma IDL cholesterol level plasma IDL-C level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001563 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0001563 This is a measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T11:11:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IDL level serum IDL-C level CMO:0001564 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0001564 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T12:50:31Z EFO:0022190 phospholipids in large HDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood HDL phospholipid level CMO:0001565 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood high density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001565 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T12:53:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma HDL phospholipid level CMO:0001566 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma high density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001566 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T12:54:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum HDL phospholipid level CMO:0001567 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum high density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001567 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. JSmith 2013-05-08T12:59:11Z EFO:0022174 EFO:0022183 phospholipids in large LDL measurement phospholipids in medium LDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood LDL phospholipid level CMO:0001568 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001568 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:01:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma LDL phospholipid level CMO:0001569 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001569 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:02:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum LDL phospholipid level CMO:0001570 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001570 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.biomedcentral.com/1746-6148/9/47 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:06:06Z EFO:0022146 EFO:0022154 EFO:0022169 phospholipids in large VLDL measurement phospholipids in medium VLDL measurement phospholipids in small VLDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood VLDL phospholipid level CMO:0001571 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood very low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001571 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:07:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma VLDL phospholipid level CMO:0001572 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma very low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001572 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:08:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum VLDL phospholipid level CMO:0001573 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum very low density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001573 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:10:03Z phospholipids in IDL measurement EFO:0022164 clinical_measurement_ontology blood IDL phospholipid level CMO:0001574 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. blood intermediate density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001574 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:11:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma IDL phospholipid level CMO:0001575 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma intermediate density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001575 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:12:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IDL phospholipid level CMO:0001576 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum intermediate density lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0001576 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degredation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and low density lipoproteins. The IDL class of lipoproteins is defined as having a density between 1.006 and 1.019 g/ml. http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:36:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001577 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. plasma chylomicron level CMO:0001577 Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-05-08T13:37:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001578 Values for density ranges of the lipoprotein classes are approximate. The classes may be defined differently by different researchers, in part because class definitions depend on the number of subclasses into which the lipoprotein fractions are divided. serum chylomicron level CMO:0001578 Measurement of the amount of chylomicrons, a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. JSmith 2013-05-08T14:27:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001579 immune system measurement CMO:0001579 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the complex network of capillaries, thin vessels, valves, ducts, nodes, and organs that produces various blood cells and helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the entire body by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph, a thin watery fluid that is collected from the organs and tissues, and that serves to remove bacteria and certain proteins from the tissues, transport fat from the small intestine, and supply mature lymphocytes to the blood. JSmith 2013-05-08T15:08:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001580 lymphatic system measurement CMO:0001580 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the complex network of capillaries, thin vessels, valves, ducts, nodes, and organs that produces various blood cells and helps protect and maintain the internal fluid environment of the entire body by producing, filtering, and conveying lymph, a thin watery fluid that is collected from the organs and tissues, and that serves to remove bacteria and certain proteins from the tissues, transport fat from the small intestine, and supply mature lymphocytes to the blood. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more lymph nodes, any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. JSmith 2013-05-08T15:21:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001581 lymph node measurement CMO:0001581 A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more lymph nodes, any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of diabetes mellitus, a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. JSmith 2013-05-14T11:12:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology latency of induced diabetes mellitus CMO:0001582 post-insult time to onset of diabetes mellitus CMO:0001582 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of diabetes mellitus, a chronic syndrome of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism owing to insufficient secretion of insulin or to target tissue insulin resistance and resulting in hyperglycemia due to decreased glucose tolerance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of one or more cataracts, or to the official determination of cataract as the cause of the observed symptom(s). A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. JSmith 2013-06-06T16:16:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001583 cataract onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001583 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of one or more cataracts, or to the official determination of cataract as the cause of the observed symptom(s). A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of cataract first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of cataract was first determined. A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. JSmith 2013-06-06T16:17:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001584 age of onset/diagnosis of cataract CMO:0001584 A measurement of the chronological age, that is, the length of time since birth, of the individual when the symptoms of cataract first appeared, or when an official diagnosis of cataract was first determined. A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cataract at a point in time or develop cataract within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. JSmith 2013-06-06T16:18:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001585 cataract incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001585 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cataract at a point in time or develop cataract within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cataract is an opacity of the crystalline lens of the eye or its capsule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of cataract appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-06-06T16:19:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology cataract incidence CMO:0001586 percentage of study population developing cataract during a period of time CMO:0001586 The number of new cases of cataract appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display cataract at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-06-06T16:20:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology cataract prevalence CMO:0001587 percentage of study population displaying cataract at a point in time CMO:0001587 The number of individuals in a study population which display cataract at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-06-07T14:42:24Z alcohol intake volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001588 ethanol drink intake volume CMO:0001588 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-06-07T14:57:07Z calculated alcohol intake volume clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001589 calculated ethanol drink intake volume CMO:0001589 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-06-07T14:58:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001590 calculated water drink intake volume CMO:0001590 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O), consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement of ethanol intake in which the volume, that is, the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of ethanol, a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time is divided by the total volume of all fluids consumed within that period, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-06-07T15:07:41Z intake volume of ethanol to total fluid intake volume ratio ratio of the volume of ethanol consumed to the total volume of fluid consumed clinical_measurement_ontology alcohol preference ethanol intake volume to total ethanol and water intake volume ratio ethanol preference CMO:0001591 ethanol intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio CMO:0001591 A calculated measurement of ethanol intake in which the volume, that is, the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of ethanol, a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed in a specified period of time is divided by the total volume of all fluids consumed within that period, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 Any measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the liver resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-07T18:19:59Z hepatic tumor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001592 liver tumor measurement CMO:0001592 Any measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the liver resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver tumors at a point in time or develop liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-07T18:21:23Z hepatic tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001593 liver tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001593 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver tumors at a point in time or develop liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of new cases of liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-07T18:25:47Z percentage of study population developing hepatic tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumor incidence liver tumor incidence CMO:0001594 percentage of study population developing liver tumors during a period of time CMO:0001594 The number of new cases of liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-07T18:29:07Z percentage of study population displaying hepatic tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic tumor prevalence liver tumor prevalence CMO:0001595 percentage of study population displaying liver tumors at a point in time CMO:0001595 The number of individuals in a study population which display liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of lipids, any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure, occurring in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-10T11:12:50Z EFO:0006506 hepatic lipid content measurement hepatic lipid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001596 liver lipid measurement CMO:0001596 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of lipids, any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure, occurring in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membrane, found in a specified sample of liver tissue, a collection of similar cells in a matrix acting together to perform a particular function isolated from the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-10T11:16:04Z hepatic cholesterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001597 liver cholesterol level CMO:0001597 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membrane, found in a specified sample of liver tissue, a collection of similar cells in a matrix acting together to perform a particular function isolated from the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of triglyceride, a neutral fat compound that consists of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecule of glycerol and that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals, found in a specified sample of liver tissue, a collection of similar cells in a matrix acting together to perform a particular function isolated from the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-06-10T12:32:23Z hepatic triglyceride level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001598 liver triglyceride level CMO:0001598 The amount of triglyceride, a neutral fat compound that consists of three molecules of fatty acids bound with one molecule of glycerol and that is the usual storage form of lipids in animals, found in a specified sample of liver tissue, a collection of similar cells in a matrix acting together to perform a particular function isolated from the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-06-10T13:32:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001599 saccharin drink intake volume CMO:0001599 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-06-10T13:33:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001600 calculated saccharin drink intake volume CMO:0001600 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of saccharin intake in which the volume, that is, the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed in a specified period of time is divided by the total volume of all fluids consumed within that period, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-06-10T13:34:33Z CHEBI:32111 intake volume of saccharin to total fluid intake volume ratio ratio of the volume of saccharin consumed to the total volume of fluid consumed clinical_measurement_ontology saccharin intake volume to total saccharin and water intake volume ratio saccharin preference score CMO:0001601 saccharin intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio CMO:0001601 A calculated measurement of saccharin intake in which the volume, that is, the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed in a specified period of time is divided by the total volume of all fluids consumed within that period, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of the epididymides, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:15:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001602 epididymidis wet weight CMO:0001602 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of the epididymides, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:25:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology seminal gland wet weight CMO:0001603 seminal vesicle wet weight CMO:0001603 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of one or both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single seminal vesicle, that is, one of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:32:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology one seminal gland wet weight CMO:0001604 one seminal vesicle wet weight CMO:0001604 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single seminal vesicle, that is, one of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:34:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology both seminal glands wet weight CMO:0001605 both seminal vesicles wet weight CMO:0001605 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of both of a pair of pouchlike glands situated on each side of the male urinary bladder that secrete seminal fluid and nourish and promote the movement of spermatozoa through the urethra, measured after removal from the body but without dessication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of both of the epididymides, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:40:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001606 both epididymides wet weight CMO:0001606 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of both of the epididymides, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single epididymidis, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:41:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001607 one epididymidis wet weight CMO:0001607 The heaviness, i.e. the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single epididymidis, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. The epididymis is an elongated cordlike structure along the posterior border of the testis; its coiled duct provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa and is continuous with the ductus deferens. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, in a specified sample of semen. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:51:16Z calculated spermatozoa count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001608 calculated sperm count CMO:0001608 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, in a specified sample of semen. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, in a specified sample of semen, is divided by the weight, i.e., the heaviness, of the epididymis, the coiled, elongated, cordlike structure located along the posterior border of the testis which provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa. The result of this division is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing sperm count to the size of the epididymis and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-10T17:57:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001609 sperm count to epididymis weight ratio CMO:0001609 A calculated measurement in which the number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, in a specified sample of semen, is divided by the weight, i.e., the heaviness, of the epididymis, the coiled, elongated, cordlike structure located along the posterior border of the testis which provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa. The result of this division is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing sperm count to the size of the epididymis and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period. JSmith 2013-06-10T18:16:19Z calculated daily spermatozoa count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001610 calculated daily sperm count CMO:0001610 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period, is divided by the weight, i.e., the heaviness, of the epididymis, the coiled, elongated, cordlike structure located along the posterior border of the testis which provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa. The result of this division is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing sperm count to the size of the epididymis and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-10T18:18:48Z daily spermatozoa count to epididymis weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001611 daily sperm count to epididymis weight ratio CMO:0001611 A calculated measurement in which the total number of sperm, i.e. mature male germ cells, produced by an individual in a 24 hour period, is divided by the weight, i.e., the heaviness, of the epididymis, the coiled, elongated, cordlike structure located along the posterior border of the testis which provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa. The result of this division is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing sperm count to the size of the epididymis and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. JSmith 2013-06-11T11:39:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001612 saccharin drink intake rate CMO:0001612 The amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. JSmith 2013-06-11T11:42:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001613 calculated saccharin drink intake rate CMO:0001613 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-11T11:43:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001614 saccharin drink intake rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001614 A calculated measurement in which the amount of saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. JSmith 2013-06-11T11:45:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated alcohol intake rate CMO:0001615 calculated ethanol drink intake rate CMO:0001615 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A calculated measurement in which the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-11T11:47:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology alcohol intake rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001616 ethanol drink intake rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001616 A calculated measurement in which the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which the neoplastic tissue completely eliminates and takes the place of all of the normal tissue in the pituitary gland during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T18:29:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology incidence of pituitary tumors that replace the entire gland CMO:0001617 percentage of study population developing pituitary tumors that replace the entire gland during a period of time CMO:0001617 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which the neoplastic tissue completely eliminates and takes the place of all of the normal tissue in the pituitary gland during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which the neoplastic tissue only partially eliminates and takes the place of the normal tissue in the pituitary gland, resulting in a mix of neoplastic and normal tissues, during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T19:20:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology incidence of pituitary tumors that replace a portion of the gland CMO:0001618 percentage of study population developing pituitary tumors that replace a portion of the gland during a period of time CMO:0001618 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which the neoplastic tissue only partially eliminates and takes the place of the normal tissue in the pituitary gland, resulting in a mix of neoplastic and normal tissues, during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which neoplastic tissue grows into and/or through the membrane surrounding the gland during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T19:21:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology incidence of pituitary tumors that invade the glandular capsule CMO:0001619 percentage of study population developing pituitary tumors that invade the glandular capsule during a period of time CMO:0001619 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of pituitary gland tumors in which neoplastic tissue grows into and/or through the membrane surrounding the gland during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The pituitary gland is a small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement of a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T20:04:01Z pituitary gland hyperplasia measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001620 pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion measurement CMO:0001620 Any measurement of a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions at a point in time or develop pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T20:06:20Z pituitary gland hyperplasia incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001621 pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001621 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions at a point in time or develop pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T20:12:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion incidence CMO:0001622 percentage of study population developing pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions during a period of time CMO:0001622 The number of new cases of pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T20:13:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion prevalence CMO:0001623 percentage of study population displaying pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions at a point in time CMO:0001623 The number of individuals in a study population which display pituitary gland hyperplastic lesions at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A pituitary gland hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological change, especially one that is circumscribed and well defined, in structure of the pituitary gland, due to injury or disease and characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement in the gland resulting in an increase in the size of the tissue. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pituitary gland tumorous lesions at a point in time or develop pituitary gland tumorous lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-06-11T20:31:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001624 pituitary gland tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001624 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pituitary gland tumorous lesions at a point in time or develop pituitary gland tumorous lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The pituitary gland is the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) appearing in a study population of individuals that already have experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in that already-diseased study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. JSmith 2013-06-12T11:25:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology incidence of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) in a disease population CMO:0001625 percentage of disease population developing relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time CMO:0001625 The number of new cases of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) appearing in a study population of individuals that already have experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in that already-diseased study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of individuals in a study population of individuals that already have experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis which display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in that already-diseased study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. JSmith 2013-06-12T11:28:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology prevalence of relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) in a disease population CMO:0001626 percentage of disease population displaying relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time CMO:0001626 The number of individuals in a study population of individuals that already have experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis which display relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (R-EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in that already-diseased study population, expressed as a percentage. R-EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells where such induction results in a disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The amount of a solution of sodium chloride that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. A sodium chloride solution is homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. JSmith 2013-06-12T11:51:49Z sodium chloride drinking water intake rate clinical_measurement_ontology isotonic saline intake rate normal saline intake rate physiological saline intake rate CMO:0001627 saline drink intake rate CMO:0001627 The amount of a solution of sodium chloride that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. A sodium chloride solution is homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink The amount of a solution of sodium chloride that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., during a specified period of time. A sodium chloride solution is homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. JSmith 2013-06-12T12:01:01Z EFO:0020080 sodium chloride drinking water intake volume clinical_measurement_ontology dietary sodium intake measurement isotonic saline intake volume normal saline intake volume physiological saline intake volume CMO:0001628 saline drink intake volume CMO:0001628 The amount of a solution of sodium chloride that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., during a specified period of time. A sodium chloride solution is homogeneous mixture of atoms of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, that have lost one electron forming a cation with a charge of +1, and an equivalent number of atoms of chlorine, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1 dispersed molecularly in a sufficient quantity of dissolving medium (solvent) such as water. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink Measurement of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:14:22Z urine noradrenalin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001629 urine norepinephrine level CMO:0001629 Measurement of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine hormone of the adrenal medulla that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate and force of contraction, vasoconstriction or vasodilation, relaxation of bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and other metabolic effects, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:15:34Z urine adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001630 urine epinephrine level CMO:0001630 Measurement of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine hormone of the adrenal medulla that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate and force of contraction, vasoconstriction or vasodilation, relaxation of bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and other metabolic effects, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:16:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001631 urine dopamine level CMO:0001631 Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:17:22Z urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology urine VMA level CMO:0001632 urine vanillylmandelic acid level CMO:0001632 Measurement of the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:18:30Z calculated urine noradrenalin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001633 calculated urine norepinephrine level CMO:0001633 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The difference in the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:19:20Z absolute change in urine noradrenalin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001634 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in urine norepinephrine level CMO:0001634 The difference in the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F) A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:21:02Z calculated urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology calculated urine VMA level CMO:0001635 calculated urine vanillylmandelic acid level CMO:0001635 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The difference in the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2013-06-14T16:22:11Z absolute change in urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in urine VMA level CMO:0001636 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in urine vanillylmandelic acid level CMO:0001636 The difference in the amount of vanillylmandelic acid, the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys, between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F) http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The heaviness or degree to which the inguinal fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2013-06-17T17:52:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001637 inguinal fat pad weight CMO:0001637 The heaviness or degree to which the inguinal fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated value in which the weight of one of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-17T18:06:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001638 single inguinal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001638 A calculated value in which the weight of one of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated value in which the total weight of both of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-17T18:09:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001639 both inguinal fat pads weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001639 A calculated value in which the total weight of both of the inguinal fat pads, that is, the accumulations of encapsulated adipose tissue located in the junctional region between the abdomen and thigh, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. JSmith 2013-06-18T10:33:25Z vascular smooth muscle measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001640 blood vessel smooth muscle measurement CMO:0001640 A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_smooth_muscle http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any quantification of the physical form or structure of the layered tissue which encloses and constitutes the structural component of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-06-18T10:41:10Z aortic wall morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001641 aorta wall morphological measurement CMO:0001641 Any quantification of the physical form or structure of the layered tissue which encloses and constitutes the structural component of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-06-18T10:42:34Z aortic smooth muscle cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001642 aorta smooth muscle cell count CMO:0001642 Measurement of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. JSmith 2013-06-18T11:29:28Z vascular smooth muscle cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001643 blood vessel smooth muscle cell count CMO:0001643 Measurement of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. JSmith 2013-06-18T12:57:40Z calculated vascular smooth muscle cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001644 calculated blood vessel smooth muscle cell count CMO:0001644 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of vascular smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. JSmith 2013-06-18T12:59:11Z calculated aortic smooth muscle cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001645 calculated aorta smooth muscle cell count CMO:0001645 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated value in which the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, is divided by the length of the smooth muscle section in which that number is determined. JSmith 2013-06-18T13:25:39Z aortic smooth muscle cell count per unit vessel length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001646 aorta smooth muscle cell count per unit vessel length CMO:0001646 A calculated value in which the total number of cells, membrane-enclosed protoplasmic masses constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, in a specified sample of the aorta smooth muscle, the contractile soft tissue having fine myofibrils but lacking transverse striations composing the majority of the wall of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds, is divided by the length of the smooth muscle section in which that number is determined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:44:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart LV DNA content heart left ventricle DNA content CMO:0001647 heart left ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0001647 The amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:46:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated heart LV DNA content calculated heart left ventricle DNA content CMO:0001648 calculated heart left ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0001648 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location A calculated measurement in which amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:49:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart LV DNA content to body weight ratio heart left ventricle DNA content to BW ratio heart left ventricle DNA content to body weight ratio CMO:0001649 heart left ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid level to body weight ratio CMO:0001649 A calculated measurement in which amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location The amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:52:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart RV DNA content heart right ventricle DNA content CMO:0001650 heart right ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0001650 The amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:54:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated heart RV DNA content calculated heart right ventricle DNA content CMO:0001651 calculated heart right ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0001651 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location A calculated measurement in which amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-06-18T14:56:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart RV DNA content to body weight ratio heart right ventricle DNA content to BW ratio heart right ventricle DNA content to body weight ratio CMO:0001652 heart right ventricle deoxyribonucleic acid level to body weight ratio CMO:0001652 A calculated measurement in which amount of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel which does not involve the action of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:09:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel receptor-independent maximum contractility CMO:0001653 receptor-independent blood vessel maximum contractile force CMO:0001653 Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel which does not involve the action of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel which is instigated by the activation of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:10:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel receptor-dependent maximum contractility CMO:0001654 receptor-dependent blood vessel maximum contractile force CMO:0001654 Measurement of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel which is instigated by the activation of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:12:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001655 calculated blood vessel maximum contractile force measurement CMO:0001655 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction A calculated measurement in which the receptor-dependent maximum contractile force of a blood vessel is divided by the receptor-independent maximum contractile force of a blood vessel and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The maximum contractile force of a blood vessel is the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Receptor-dependent refers to such a contraction which is instigated by the activation of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. Receptor-independent denotes such a contraction that does not involve the action of a receptor. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:14:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood vessel receptor-dependent contractility to receptor-independent contractility ratio receptor-dependent blood vessel maximum contractile force exoressed as a percentage of receptor-independent blood vessel maximum contractile force CMO:0001656 receptor-dependent blood vessel maximum contractile force to receptor-independent blood vessel maximum contractile force ratio CMO:0001656 A calculated measurement in which the receptor-dependent maximum contractile force of a blood vessel is divided by the receptor-independent maximum contractile force of a blood vessel and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The maximum contractile force of a blood vessel is the highest achievable amount of energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel, any one of the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body, resulting from a contraction of the muscular wall of the vessel. Receptor-dependent refers to such a contraction which is instigated by the activation of a receptor, a molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect. Receptor-independent denotes such a contraction that does not involve the action of a receptor. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasoconstriction A calculated value for the concentration of angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of AngII is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such AngII-induced contractile energy. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:22:08Z CHEBI:48432 clinical_measurement_ontology Ang2 half maximal effective concentration AngII half maximal effective concentration angiotensin 2 half maximal effective concentration angiotensin II half maximal effective concentration (EC50) CMO:0001657 concentration of angiotensin II at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0001657 A calculated value for the concentration of angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of AngII is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such AngII-induced contractile energy. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin#Angiotensin_II http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of AngII is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such AngII-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. JSmith 2013-06-20T14:24:41Z CHEBI:48432 clinical_measurement_ontology Ang2 Log half maximal effective concentration AngII Log half maximal effective concentration angiotensin 2 Log half maximal effective concentration angiotensin II Log half maximal effective concentration (EC50) CMO:0001658 logarithm of the concentration of angiotensin II at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0001658 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion, at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of AngII is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such AngII-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin#Angiotensin_II http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion. JSmith 2013-06-20T15:45:33Z CHEBI:48432 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001659 angiotensin II response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0001659 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to angiotensin II (AngII), the octapeptide, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, that is derived from angiotensinogen and acts as a powerful vasopressor and stimulator of aldosterone secretion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin#Angiotensin_II A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-06-25T18:01:37Z femoral area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001660 femur area CMO:0001660 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-06-25T18:04:21Z femoral cross-section area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001661 femur cross-sectional area CMO:0001661 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femur that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femur is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-06-25T18:17:22Z femur cortex cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001662 femur cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001662 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femur that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femur is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femur, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femur is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-06-25T18:25:33Z femur midshaft cortex cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001663 femur midshaft cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001663 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femur, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femur is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-26T15:38:37Z EFO:0004979 MA:0001359 clinical_measurement_ontology comprehensive strength index CMO:0001664 femur biomechanical measurement CMO:0001664 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to a vertebra, one of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T16:13:22Z MA:0000309 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001665 vertebra biomechanical measurement CMO:0001665 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to a vertebra, one of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the femoral neck, the heavy column of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T16:15:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001666 femoral neck biomechanical measurement CMO:0001666 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the femoral neck, the heavy column of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the midshaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, when the measurement is made at a point midway between the two ends of the bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T16:17:13Z MA:0001359 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001667 femur midshaft biomechanical measurement CMO:0001667 A calculated value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the midshaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, when the measurement is made at a point midway between the two ends of the bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:05:54Z femoral polar moment of inertia clinical_measurement_ontology femur Ip femur area moment of inertia femur cross-sectional moment of inertia CMO:0001668 femur polar moment of inertia CMO:0001668 A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:8274302 http://www.ah-engr.com/som/animations/polar_moment.html A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:08:04Z femoral midshaft polar moment of inertia clinical_measurement_ontology femur midshaft Ip femur midshaft area moment of inertia femur midshaft cross-sectional moment of inertia CMO:0001669 femur midshaft polar moment of inertia CMO:0001669 A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:8274302 http://www.ah-engr.com/som/animations/polar_moment.html A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:09:48Z femur neck moment of inertia clinical_measurement_ontology femoral neck Ip femoral neck area moment of inertia femoral neck cross-sectional moment of inertia CMO:0001670 femoral neck polar moment of inertia CMO:0001670 A calculated geometric property of a cross section of the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. It is a measure of the distribution of material around a given axis and is related to the inherent rotational stiffness of the bone around that axis. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:8274302 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck http://www.ah-engr.com/som/animations/polar_moment.html Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, at a point midway between the two ends of the bone. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:23:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001671 femur midshaft morphological measurement CMO:0001671 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, at a point midway between the two ends of the bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:24:52Z EFO:0004511 EFO:0010076 femur neck morphological measurement femoral neck bone geometry femoral neck size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001672 femoral neck morphological measurement CMO:0001672 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck A calculated measurement of the rigidity of a bone, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:35:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001673 bone stiffness CMO:0001673 A calculated measurement of the rigidity of a bone, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:16059631 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiffness A calculated measurement of the rigidity of the femur, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. The femur is the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:48:55Z MA:0001359 femoral stiffness clinical_measurement_ontology Young's modulus CMO:0001674 femur stiffness CMO:0001674 A calculated measurement of the rigidity of the femur, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. The femur is the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:16059631 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiffness A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-06-27T18:56:21Z MA:0001359 Fmax femur clinical_measurement_ontology femur force at failure CMO:0001675 femur ultimate force CMO:0001675 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:11905527 A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy a bone can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-03T17:10:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology bone energy absorption capacity bone energy to break bone toughness measurement bone work to failure CMO:0001676 bone total energy absorbed before break CMO:0001676 A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy a bone can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:8274302 A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-03T17:11:46Z MA:0001359 femoral strength clinical_measurement_ontology femoral energy to break femoral toughness measurement femoral work to failure femur energy absorption capacity femur energy to break femur toughness measurement femur work to failure CMO:0001677 femur total energy absorbed before break CMO:0001677 A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:8274302 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture a vertebra, one of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-03T17:29:56Z vertebra force at failure L5 ultimate force clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001678 vertebra ultimate force CMO:0001678 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture a vertebra, one of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:11905527 Quantitation of the physical form or structure of one or more vertebrae, the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-05T15:23:36Z EFO:0004508 vertebrae morphological measurement spine bone size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001679 vertebra morphological measurement CMO:0001679 Quantitation of the physical form or structure of one or more vertebrae, the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The distance from end to end of a single vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-05T15:29:45Z vertebral length clinical_measurement_ontology vertebra height CMO:0001680 vertebra length CMO:0001680 The distance from end to end of a single vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of (surface area) or plane through (cross-sectional area) a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-08T15:11:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001681 bone area measurement CMO:0001681 Any measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of (surface area) or plane through (cross-sectional area) a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-08T15:19:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001682 calculated bone cross-sectional area measurement CMO:0001682 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The distance from end to end of a single lumbar vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A lumbar vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes, between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. JSmith 2013-07-08T17:21:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology lumbar vertebra height CMO:0001683 lumbar vertebra length CMO:0001683 The distance from end to end of a single lumbar vertebra, that is, the distance between the two surfaces in one vertebra that connect to the corresponding surfaces of adjacent vertebrae. A lumbar vertebra is any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes, between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-08T17:55:14Z vertebral area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001684 vertebra area CMO:0001684 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:10:28Z vertebral cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology vertebra total cross-sectional area CMO:0001685 vertebra cross-sectional area CMO:0001685 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The portion of the cross-sectional area of a vertebra that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer, more dense layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of a vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:12:28Z vertebra cortical bone cross-sectional area vertebral cortical cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology vertebra compact bone cross-sectional area vertebra cortex cross-sectional area CMO:0001686 vertebra cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001686 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a vertebra that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer, more dense layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of a vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A value resulting from the quantification of the physical form or structure of one or more lumbar vertebrae, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:17:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology lumbar vertebrae morphological measurement CMO:0001687 lumbar vertebra morphological measurement CMO:0001687 A value resulting from the quantification of the physical form or structure of one or more lumbar vertebrae, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:19:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001688 lumbar vertebra area CMO:0001688 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. The area includes any or all of the bone elements present at the level of the cross-sectional plane, including cortical bone, trabecular bone and/or marrow. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:31:57Z lumbar vertebral cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology lumbar vertebra total cross-sectional area CMO:0001689 lumbar vertebra cross-sectional area CMO:0001689 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. The area includes any or all of the bone elements present at the level of the cross-sectional plane, including cortical bone, trabecular bone and/or marrow. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The portion of the cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. JSmith 2013-07-08T18:32:58Z lumbar vertebra compact bone cross-sectional area lumbar vertebral cortical cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001690 lumbar vertebra cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001690 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The portion of the cross-sectional area of a vertebra that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of a vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. JSmith 2013-07-09T16:32:54Z vertebral trabecular cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology vertebra cancellous bone cross-sectional area vertebra spongy bone cross-sectional area vertebra substantia spongiosa cross-sectional area vertebra trabeculae cross-sectional area CMO:0001691 vertebra trabecular cross-sectional area CMO:0001691 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a vertebra that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of a vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the spinal column, the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_bone http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The portion of the cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. JSmith 2013-07-09T17:06:46Z lumbar vertebra trabecular bone cross-sectional area lumbar vertebral trabecular cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology lumbar vertebra cancellous bone cross-sectional area lumbar vertebra spongy bone cross-sectional area lumbar vertebra substantia spongiosa cross-sectional area lumbar vertebra trabeculae cross-sectional area CMO:0001692 lumbar vertebra trabecular cross-sectional area CMO:0001692 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of a lumbar vertebra is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, a lumbar vertebra, any of the individual bones forming the portion of the spinal column (the protective bony corridor through which the spinal cord passes) between the thoracic vertebrae in the chest region and the sacrum in the hip region. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_bone http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-09T17:41:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001693 bone cross-sectional area measurement CMO:0001693 Any measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-09T17:45:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001694 calculated femur cross-sectional area CMO:0001694 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The shortest transverse distance across the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T11:54:53Z femur neck width clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001695 femoral neck width CMO:0001695 The shortest transverse distance across the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:18282130 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:49:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001696 femoral neck area CMO:0001696 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:51:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology total femoral neck cross-sectional area CMO:0001697 femoral neck cross-sectional area CMO:0001697 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femoral neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:51:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001698 calculated femoral neck cross-sectional area CMO:0001698 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:55:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001699 femur midshaft area CMO:0001699 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of a plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. The plane of the cross-section would be perpendicular to the longest axis of the femur. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:56:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001700 femur midshaft cross-sectional area CMO:0001700 A measurement of the extent of a plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. The plane of the cross-section would be perpendicular to the longest axis of the femur. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. The plane of the cross-section would be perpendicular to the longest axis of the femur. JSmith 2013-07-10T12:57:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001701 calculated femur midshaft cross-sectional area CMO:0001701 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the extent of a plane through the femoral midshaft, a point midway between the two ends of the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. The plane of the cross-section would be perpendicular to the longest axis of the femur. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femoral neck that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer, more dense layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femoral neck is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. JSmith 2013-07-10T13:14:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology femoral neck cortex cross-sectional area CMO:0001702 femoral neck cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001702 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the femoral neck that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer, more dense layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the femoral neck is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Femur_neck http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the femural neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-24T12:05:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001703 femoral neck ultimate force CMO:0001703 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the femural neck, the heavy, flattened, pyramidal process of bone connecting the head and the shaft of the femur, the major bone in the upper portion of the hindlimb of quadrupeds or the lower limb of bipeds, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:11905527 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. JSmith 2013-07-26T13:20:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001704 calculated liver remodeling tumorous lesion number CMO:0001704 Measurement in a specified sample of liver of the number of lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors, that is, neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive, but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, when that number has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 A calculated measurement in which the number of tumorous lesions which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total number of tumorous lesions in that sample of liver, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2013-07-26T13:25:00Z hepatic remodeling tumorous lesion number to hepatic total tumorous lesion number ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001705 liver remodeling tumorous lesion number to liver total tumorous lesion number ratio CMO:0001705 A calculated measurement in which the number of tumorous lesions which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression, in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total number of tumorous lesions in that sample of liver, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed PMID:15185337 A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-07-26T13:39:11Z hepatic tumor number liver tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001706 liver tumor number CMO:0001706 A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal but benign growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function, but that are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-07-26T15:30:00Z benign hepatic tumor number benign liver tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001707 benign liver tumor number CMO:0001707 A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal but benign growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells which serve no physiological function, but that are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal, malignant growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, that serve no physiological function, and that display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2013-07-26T15:39:25Z malignant hepatic tumor number malignant liver tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001708 malignant liver tumor number CMO:0001708 A value or quantity determined by count of abnormal, malignant growths of tissue in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, that serve no physiological function, and that display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. The liver is the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display benign liver tumors at a point in time or develop benign liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:04:24Z benign hepatic tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001709 benign liver tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001709 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display benign liver tumors at a point in time or develop benign liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display malignant liver tumors at a point in time or develop malignant liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:06:11Z malignant hepatic tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001710 malignant liver tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001710 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display malignant liver tumors at a point in time or develop malignant liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of new cases of benign liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:07:40Z percentage of study population developing benign hepatic tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology benign hepatic tumor incidence benign liver tumor incidence CMO:0001711 percentage of study population developing benign liver tumors during a period of time CMO:0001711 The number of new cases of benign liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of new cases of malignant liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:10:47Z percentage of study population developing malignant hepatic tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology malignant hepatic tumor incidence malignant liver tumor incidence CMO:0001712 percentage of study population developing malignant liver tumors during a period of time CMO:0001712 The number of new cases of malignant liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display benign liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:16:18Z percentage of study population displaying benign hepatic tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology benign hepatic tumor prevalence benign liver tumor prevalence CMO:0001713 percentage of study population displaying benign liver tumors at a point in time CMO:0001713 The number of individuals in a study population which display benign liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is benign when it is generally stable, treatable, circumscribed, that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis, and in a relatively normal state of differentiation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display malignant liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. JSmith 2013-07-26T16:18:56Z percentage of study population displaying malignant hepatic tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology malignant hepatic tumor prevalence malignant liver tumor prevalence CMO:0001714 percentage of study population displaying malignant liver tumors at a point in time CMO:0001714 The number of individuals in a study population which display malignant liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Such a tumor is malignant when it displays the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the entire cross-sectional area of the tibia, that is, the extent of a plane perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia and bounded by the periosteum, the thick fibrous membrane covering the entire surface of a bone except its articular cartilage and serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-07-29T10:35:18Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology tibia cortical bone midshaft periosteal cross-sectional area tibial midshaft cortical periosteal area CMO:0001715 tibia midshaft total cross-sectional area CMO:0001715 Measurement of the entire cross-sectional area of the tibia, that is, the extent of a plane perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia and bounded by the periosteum, the thick fibrous membrane covering the entire surface of a bone except its articular cartilage and serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area circumscribed by the endosteum, the tissue lining the medullary or marrow cavity in the shaft of a long bone, i.e. the cross-sectional area of the medullary cavity of the tibia at midshaft. The cross-sectional area of the tibia is the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-07-29T10:55:15Z MA:0001361 tibia cortical bone midshaft endosteal cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology tibial midshaft cortical endosteal area CMO:0001716 tibia midshaft endosteal cross-sectional area CMO:0001716 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area circumscribed by the endosteum, the tissue lining the medullary or marrow cavity in the shaft of a long bone, i.e. the cross-sectional area of the medullary cavity of the tibia at midshaft. The cross-sectional area of the tibia is the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 PMID:20699128 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of all or part of the cross-sectional area of the tibia measured midway between the two ends of the bone. The tibia cross-sectional area is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-07-29T11:02:02Z MA:0001361 tibia cortical bone midshaft cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology tibial midshaft cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0001717 tibia midshaft cross-sectional area CMO:0001717 Measurement of all or part of the cross-sectional area of the tibia measured midway between the two ends of the bone. The tibia cross-sectional area is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 PMID:20699128 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of all or part of the cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula, the portion of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. The tibia-fibula cross-sectional area is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the bone. JSmith 2013-07-29T11:06:00Z tibia/fibula cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology tibio-fibular complex cross-sectional area tibiofibular fusion cross-sectional area CMO:0001718 tibia-fibula cross-sectional area CMO:0001718 Measurement of all or part of the cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula, the portion of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. The tibia-fibula cross-sectional area is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 PMID:857566 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the fibula, the lateral and smaller of the two bones of the leg, which articulates proximally with the tibia and distally articulates with or is joined to the tibia. JSmith 2013-07-29T11:29:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001719 fibula morphological measurement CMO:0001719 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the fibula, the lateral and smaller of the two bones of the leg, which articulates proximally with the tibia and distally articulates with or is joined to the tibia. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the fibula, the lateral and smaller of the two bones of the leg, which articulates proximally with the tibia and distally articulates with or is joined to the tibia. JSmith 2013-07-29T11:30:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001720 fibula area CMO:0001720 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the fibula, the lateral and smaller of the two bones of the leg, which articulates proximally with the tibia and distally articulates with or is joined to the tibia. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the entire cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula cortical bone, that is, the extent of a plane perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia-fibula cortical bone and bounded by the periosteum, the thick fibrous membrane covering the entire surface of a bone except its articular cartilage and serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons. The tibia-fibula is the portion of the two bones (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a ollagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. JSmith 2013-07-29T12:43:11Z cortical surface area measurement EFO:0010736 tibia/fibula cortical bone total cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology tibia-fibula cortical bone periosteal cross-sectional area tibio-fibular complex cortical bone total cross-sectional area tibiofibular fusion cortical bone total cross-sectional area CMO:0001721 tibia-fibula cortical bone total cross-sectional area CMO:0001721 Measurement of the entire cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula cortical bone, that is, the extent of a plane perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia-fibula cortical bone and bounded by the periosteum, the thick fibrous membrane covering the entire surface of a bone except its articular cartilage and serving as an attachment for muscles and tendons. The tibia-fibula is the portion of the two bones (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a ollagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 PMID:20699128 PMID:857566 http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/cortical.html The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula cortical bone that corresponds to the area circumscribed by the endosteum, the tissue lining the medullary or marrow cavity in the shaft of a long bone, i.e. the cross-sectional area of the medullary cavity of the tibia-fibula cortical bone. The cross-sectional area is the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia-fibula, the portion of the two bones (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. JSmith 2013-07-29T12:45:58Z tibia/fibula cortical bone endosteal cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology tibio-fibular complex cortical bone endosteal cross-sectional area tibiofibular fusion cortical bone endosteal cross-sectional area CMO:0001722 tibia-fibula cortical bone endosteal cross-sectional area CMO:0001722 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia-fibula cortical bone that corresponds to the area circumscribed by the endosteum, the tissue lining the medullary or marrow cavity in the shaft of a long bone, i.e. the cross-sectional area of the medullary cavity of the tibia-fibula cortical bone. The cross-sectional area is the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of the tibia-fibula, the portion of the two bones (tibia, the medial and larger bone, and fibula, the lateral and smaller bone) of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which are fused to form a single bone, e.g. the distal third of the rodent tibia and fibula. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 PMID:20699128 PMID:857566 http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/cortical.html Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all or part of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-07-29T13:06:14Z MA:0001361 tibial volume measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001723 tibia volume measurement CMO:0001723 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all or part of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the entire tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, including the diaphysis composed of cortical bone and two epiphyses composed of trabecular bone. JSmith 2013-07-29T13:14:23Z MA:0001361 tibial total bone volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001724 tibia total bone volume CMO:0001724 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the entire tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, including the diaphysis composed of cortical bone and two epiphyses composed of trabecular bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibia Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the portion of the tibia composed of cortical bone. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. JSmith 2013-07-29T13:18:30Z MA:0001361 tibial cortical bone volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001725 tibia cortical bone volume CMO:0001725 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the portion of the tibia composed of cortical bone. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/cortical.html A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all or part of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. JSmith 2013-07-29T13:21:48Z calculated tibial bone volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001726 calculated tibia bone volume CMO:0001726 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all or part of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement in which the portion of the volume of the tibia corresponding to cortical bone is divided by the entire volume of the tibia and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Volume is the measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an object. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. JSmith 2013-07-29T13:29:06Z tibial cortical bone volume to tibial total bone volume ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001727 tibia cortical bone volume to tibia total bone volume ratio CMO:0001727 A calculated measurement in which the portion of the volume of the tibia corresponding to cortical bone is divided by the entire volume of the tibia and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Volume is the measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by an object. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/cortical.html http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of an entire bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts, including any and all relevant subdivisions of that bone. JSmith 2013-07-29T14:29:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology total vBMD total volumetric BMD CMO:0001728 total volumetric bone mineral density CMO:0001728 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of an entire bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts, including any and all relevant subdivisions of that bone. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of trabecular bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Trabecular or spongy bone is the porous type of bone found in the vertebrae and at all articulating joints, consisting of an irregular three-dimensional array of boney rods and plates (trabeculae) which themselves are composed of a composite material with bone marrow filling the spaces of the pores. JSmith 2013-07-29T14:36:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology trabecular vBMD trabecular volumetric BMD CMO:0001729 trabecular volumetric bone mineral density CMO:0001729 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of trabecular bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Trabecular or spongy bone is the porous type of bone found in the vertebrae and at all articulating joints, consisting of an irregular three-dimensional array of boney rods and plates (trabeculae) which themselves are composed of a composite material with bone marrow filling the spaces of the pores. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/trabecular.html Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of cortical bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. JSmith 2013-07-29T14:36:18Z compact vBMD compact volumetric BMD cortical vBMD cortical volumetric BMD volumetric bone mineral density of compact bone volumetric bone mineral density of cortical bone clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001730 compact volumetric bone mineral density CMO:0001730 Measurement of the mineral mass per unit volume of cortical bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Cortical or compact bone is the relatively solid type of bone tissue found in the middle of long bones which is a hierarchical composite material consisting of a collagen-hydroxyapatite composite at the lowest level forming a complex network of cylindrical units of laminated bone at the highest level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://biomech2.me.berkeley.edu/cortical.html Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the segment of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, that is straight, that is, that approximates a line representing the shortest path between its two end points. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:00:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology tibial straight length CMO:0001731 tibia straight segment length CMO:0001731 Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the segment of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, that is straight, that is, that approximates a line representing the shortest path between its two end points. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine RGD:JRS Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the segment of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, that is curved, that is, that approximates a line with a gradual smooth bend. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:08:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology tibial curved length CMO:0001732 tibia curved segment length CMO:0001732 Measurement of the linear distance from one end to the other of the segment of the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, that is curved, that is, that approximates a line with a gradual smooth bend. Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Any value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Bone biomechanical measurements are calculated values, that is, they have been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation from primary physical measurements. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:17:57Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001733 tibia biomechanical measurement CMO:0001733 Any value resulting from a quantification of the action of forces on or related to the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Bone biomechanical measurements are calculated values, that is, they have been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation from primary physical measurements. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:29:48Z MA:0001361 tibia force at failure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001734 tibia ultimate force CMO:0001734 A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:11905527 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement of the rigidity of the tibia, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. Tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:41:29Z MA:0001361 tibial stiffness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001735 tibia stiffness CMO:0001735 A calculated measurement of the rigidity of the tibia, that is, the extent to which it resists deformation in response to an applied force, taken as the initial, i.e. the maximum, slope of the load-displacement curve. Tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:16059631 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiffness A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSmith 2013-07-30T11:45:54Z MA:0001361 clinical_measurement_ontology tibia energy absorption capacity tibia energy to break tibia toughness measurement tibia work to failure tibial energy to break tibial toughness measurement tibial work to failure CMO:0001736 tibia total energy absorbed before break CMO:0001736 A calculated measurement of the maximum amount of energy the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus, can absorb under stress before it breaks, derived as the area under the stress-strain or load-displacement curve at the point of failure. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. PMID:8274302 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Any measurement of the functioning, e.g. the electrical output, of the brain to produce an effect. The brain is the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2013-07-30T15:23:43Z EFO:0004357 EFO:0006870 EFO:0006871 EFO:0006872 EFO:0006873 EFO:0008358 EFO:0009590 EFO:0009591 alpha wave measurement beta wave measurement delta wave measurement dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functional measurement theta wave measurement verbal memory measurement visual memory measurement clinical_measurement_ontology brain electrical activity measurement brain electrophysiological measurement electroencephalogram measurement CMO:0001737 brain activity measurement CMO:0001737 Any measurement of the functioning, e.g. the electrical output, of the brain to produce an effect. The brain is the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2013-07-30T15:58:09Z EFO:0004358 brain spike-wave discharge measurement clinical_measurement_ontology brain SWD measurement brain spike-wave activity measurement event-related brain oscillation CMO:0001738 brain spike-and-wave discharge measurement CMO:0001738 Measurement of a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike_and_Wave Measurement of the number of periods of spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2013-07-30T16:16:19Z brain spike-wave discharge rate clinical_measurement_ontology brain SWD rate brain spike-wave activity rate seizure rate CMO:0001739 brain spike-and-wave discharge rate CMO:0001739 Measurement of the number of periods of spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm Measurement of the cumulated duration of spikes and waves occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2013-07-30T16:37:00Z brain total spike-wave discharge duration clinical_measurement_ontology brain total SWD duration brain total spike-wave activity duration total experimental time spent in spike-and-wave discharges CMO:0001740 brain total spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0001740 Measurement of the cumulated duration of spikes and waves occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Such deviations can be either positive or negative, i.e. amplitude is the distance from rest (baseline) to crest or from the rest position to the trough position. JSmith 2013-07-30T16:41:41Z brain spike-wave discharge amplitude clinical_measurement_ontology brain SWD amplitude brain spike-wave activity amplitude CMO:0001741 brain spike-and-wave discharge amplitude CMO:0001741 Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Such deviations can be either positive or negative, i.e. amplitude is the distance from rest (baseline) to crest or from the rest position to the trough position. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l2a.cfm#amplitude Measurement of the number of individual spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2013-07-30T17:05:38Z brain spike-wave discharge frequency clinical_measurement_ontology brain SWD frequency brain spike-wave activity frequency CMO:0001742 brain spike-and-wave discharge frequency CMO:0001742 Measurement of the number of individual spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.biogetic.com/research.html The difference in left ventricular diastolic blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2013-07-31T13:40:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in LVDBP CMO:0001743 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in left ventricular diastolic blood pressure CMO:0001743 The difference in left ventricular diastolic blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any measurement of the blood pressure in the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Left ventricular blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2013-07-31T15:17:53Z calculated left ventricular pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001744 calculated left ventricular blood pressure CMO:0001744 Any measurement of the blood pressure in the left ventricle of the heart which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. Left ventricular blood pressure is the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement that is used as an index to characterize the contractile ability of the heart. It is believed that maximum dP/dt is a reasonable index of the initial velocity of myocardial contraction. JSmith 2013-07-31T15:24:11Z PMID:32207065 LV dP/dt Max LVdP/dtmax dP/dtmax maximal slope of the systolic pressure increment peak LV +dP/dt rate of maximum positive change in left ventricular blood pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001745 maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure CMO:0001745 A calculated measurement that is used as an index to characterize the contractile ability of the heart. It is believed that maximum dP/dt is a reasonable index of the initial velocity of myocardial contraction. https://cdac.pulsemetric.com/Reports/HemodynamicDefs.htm A calculated hemodynamic measurement related to the ability of the heart left ventricle to relax. The point at which the negative pressure fall velocity reaches its peak is taken to be the onset of isovolumic relaxation of the left ventricle. JSmith 2013-07-31T15:27:12Z PMID:32207065 maximal slope of the diastolic pressure decrement clinical_measurement_ontology dP/dtmin peak LV -dP/dt rate of maximum negative change in left ventricular blood pressure CMO:0001746 maximum rate of negative change in left ventricular blood pressure CMO:0001746 A calculated hemodynamic measurement related to the ability of the heart left ventricle to relax. The point at which the negative pressure fall velocity reaches its peak is taken to be the onset of isovolumic relaxation of the left ventricle. PMID:15733052 A calculated hemodynamic value related to the ability of the heart left ventricle to relax. Tau is calculated as an exponential function of the change in intraventricular pressure during the diastolic isovolumic left ventricular pressure decrease. JSmith 2013-07-31T15:29:00Z left ventricular function EFO:0004295 Left ventricular relaxation time constant P/(&#8722;dP/dt) T Tau time constant of left ventricular relaxation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001747 time constant of left ventricular pressure decay CMO:0001747 A calculated hemodynamic value related to the ability of the heart left ventricle to relax. Tau is calculated as an exponential function of the change in intraventricular pressure during the diastolic isovolumic left ventricular pressure decrease. PMID:15733052 Any measurement related to the activity of one or more organisms cleaning themselves or one another. JSmith 2013-07-31T15:46:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology displacement activity reaction measurement CMO:0001748 grooming measurement CMO:0001748 Any measurement related to the activity of one or more organisms cleaning themselves or one another. Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English The total amount of time during an experiment in which an animal is maintained in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose, that the animal spends cleaning itself or cleaning another animal. JSmith 2013-08-01T11:06:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001749 duration of grooming in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001749 The total amount of time during an experiment in which an animal is maintained in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose, that the animal spends cleaning itself or cleaning another animal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English The total amount of time that the animal spends in a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus cleaning itself or cleaning another animal. An experimental apparatus is a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose. JSmith 2013-08-01T12:14:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001750 duration of grooming in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001750 The total amount of time that the animal spends in a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus cleaning itself or cleaning another animal. An experimental apparatus is a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English A value or quantity determined by count of distinct, separable periods of time during which an animal in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose is cleaning itself or another animal. JSmith 2013-08-01T12:23:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of grooming acts in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001751 number of periods of grooming in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001751 A value or quantity determined by count of distinct, separable periods of time during which an animal in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose is cleaning itself or another animal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Macmillan:The_Macmillan_Online_Dictionary_of_American_English A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose rises up on its back legs. JSmith 2013-08-01T12:53:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001752 number of rearing movements in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001752 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose rises up on its back legs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, rises up on its back legs. JSmith 2013-08-01T12:58:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001753 number of rearing movements in a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001753 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, rises up on its back legs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of time between putting an experimental subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, and the point of first voluntary locomotion of the subject. JSmith 2013-08-01T13:24:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology latency period before voluntary movement in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001754 time to first movement in an experimental apparatus CMO:0001754 The amount of time between putting an experimental subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, and the point of first voluntary locomotion of the subject. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-08-01T16:27:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001755 calculated pituitary gland morphological measurement CMO:0001755 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of pituicytes, the glial-type cells of the posterior pituitary whose main role is to assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin, in a specified sample of pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2013-08-01T16:44:37Z pituitary gland cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001756 pituicyte count CMO:0001756 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of pituicytes, the glial-type cells of the posterior pituitary whose main role is to assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin, in a specified sample of pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituicyte A calculated measurement in which the number of lactotrophs in a specified sample of prolactinoma is divided by the total number of pituicytes in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A prolactinoma is a pituitary adenoma which secretes prolactin. JSmith 2013-08-01T16:48:31Z PMID:16416090 lactotroph density in prolactinoma prolactin-positive cell count to total pituicyte count ratio in prolactinoma clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001757 lactotroph count to total pituicyte count ratio in prolactinoma CMO:0001757 A calculated measurement in which the number of lactotrophs in a specified sample of prolactinoma is divided by the total number of pituicytes in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A prolactinoma is a pituitary adenoma which secretes prolactin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituicyte Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display endometrioid carcinoma at a point in time or develop endometrioid carcinoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. JSmith 2013-08-01T17:49:32Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001758 endometrioid carcinoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001758 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display endometrioid carcinoma at a point in time or develop endometrioid carcinoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of endometrioid carcinoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. JSmith 2013-08-01T17:50:28Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrioid carcinoma incidence CMO:0001759 percentage of study population developing endometrioid carcinoma during a period of time CMO:0001759 The number of new cases of endometrioid carcinoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display endometrioid carcinoma at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. JSmith 2013-08-01T17:51:18Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrioid carcinoma prevalence CMO:0001760 percentage of study population displaying endometrioid carcinoma at a point in time CMO:0001760 The number of individuals in a study population which display endometrioid carcinoma at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Endometrioid carcinoma is a malignant new growth occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries and characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, which is made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and to give rise to metastases. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions, i.e., the sum of all measured areas on the outer, superficial or external aspect of an individual liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2013-08-06T17:02:30Z total area of tumorous lesions in an individual liver total area of tumors in a single liver clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001761 total surface area of liver occupied by tumorous lesions CMO:0001761 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions, i.e., the sum of all measured areas on the outer, superficial or external aspect of an individual liver occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the drink, that is, the liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-08-06T17:17:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001762 drink intake weight CMO:0001762 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the drink, that is, the liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink Measurement of the weight or heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-08-06T17:26:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology alcohol intake weight CMO:0001763 ethanol intake weight CMO:0001763 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. JSmith 2013-08-06T17:29:45Z calculated alcohol intake weight clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001764 calculated ethanol intake weight CMO:0001764 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which ethanol intake weight is divided by total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Ethanol intake weight is the heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. Body weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2013-08-06T17:34:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology alcohol intake weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001765 ethanol intake weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001765 A calculated measurement in which ethanol intake weight is divided by total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Ethanol intake weight is the heaviness of a solution of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, that is consumed as a drink, a liquid brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., in a specified period of time. Body weight is the heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement related to a change of place or position of all or part of the body of an organism, or to the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. JSmith 2013-08-12T16:29:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001766 body movement/balance measurement CMO:0001766 Any measurement related to a change of place or position of all or part of the body of an organism, or to the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement related to the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. JSmith 2013-08-12T16:31:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001767 balance measurement CMO:0001767 Any measurement related to the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of quinine consumed as a drink, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. JSmith 2013-08-12T17:06:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001768 quinine drink intake volume CMO:0001768 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of quinine consumed as a drink, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of quinine consumed as a drink, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. JSmith 2013-08-12T17:11:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001769 calculated quinine drink intake volume CMO:0001769 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a solution of quinine consumed as a drink, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine is a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties, and decreases the excitability of the motor end plate. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added quinine, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine-water is quinine, a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties and that decreases the excitability of the motor end plate, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). JSmith 2013-08-12T17:23:13Z total water plus quinine-water intake to total water only intake ratio clinical_measurement_ontology quinine index CMO:0001770 combined water and quinine-water intake to total water only intake ratio CMO:0001770 A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added quinine, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Quinine-water is quinine, a bitter alkaloid of cinchona that has antimalarial, analgesic, antipyretic, mild oxytocic, cardiac depressant, and sclerosing properties and that decreases the excitability of the motor end plate, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. JSmith 2013-08-12T18:11:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated blood alcohol level CMO:0001771 calculated blood ethanol level CMO:0001771 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A calculated measurement of the decrease in the concentration (the amount per unit of volume) of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them, per unit time. jsmith 2013-08-13T16:55:38Z alcohol clearance rate alcohol disappearance rate decrease in blood ethanol concentration per unit time ethanol disappearance rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001772 blood ethanol clearance rate CMO:0001772 A calculated measurement of the decrease in the concentration (the amount per unit of volume) of ethanol, the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene, in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them, per unit time. PMID:12972953 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A calculated measurement of the rate at which the amount of alcohol in the blood divided by body weight (i.e. heaviness) decreases over time, that is, blood alcohol amount divided by body weight divided by the specified period of time. Ethanol is the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. jsmith 2013-08-13T17:00:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology ethanol metabolism rate CMO:0001773 decrease in blood ethanol level to body weight ratio per unit time CMO:0001773 A calculated measurement of the rate at which the amount of alcohol in the blood divided by body weight (i.e. heaviness) decreases over time, that is, blood alcohol amount divided by body weight divided by the specified period of time. Ethanol is the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. PMID:12972953 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any parameter related to the process whereby food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) is taken in for utilization by the body. JSmith 2013-09-11T13:00:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001774 calculated food intake measurement CMO:0001774 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any parameter related to the process whereby food (i.e. material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) is taken in for utilization by the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of the difference in the amount of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:22:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001775 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in food intake CMO:0001775 A calculated measurement of the difference in the amount of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the difference in the weight of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Weight is the vertical force experienced by a mass as a result of gravitation. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:24:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001776 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in food intake weight CMO:0001776 A calculated measurement of the difference in the weight of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Weight is the vertical force experienced by a mass as a result of gravitation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the difference in the volume, i.e., the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:25:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001777 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in food intake volume CMO:0001777 A calculated measurement of the difference in the volume, i.e., the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body between two points in time or two conditions, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the amount of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:28:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology relative change in food intake CMO:0001778 percent change in food intake CMO:0001778 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the amount of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the volume, i.e., the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:30:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology relative change in food intake volume CMO:0001779 percent change in food intake volume CMO:0001779 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the volume, i.e., the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the weight of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. Weight is the vertical force experienced by a mass as a result of gravitation. JSmith 2013-09-11T14:30:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology relative change in food intake weight CMO:0001780 percent change in food intake weight CMO:0001780 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in the weight of food (material, usually of plant or animal origin, that contains essential nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, and/or minerals and that is ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth, and maintain life) taken in for utilization by the body, between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. Weight is the vertical force experienced by a mass as a result of gravitation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change Measurement of the amount of one or more catecholamine hormones, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as hormones and usually also as neurotransmitters, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. A hormone is a substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2013-09-11T15:13:40Z CHEBI:33567 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001781 blood catecholamine hormone level CMO:0001781 Measurement of the amount of one or more catecholamine hormones, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as hormones and usually also as neurotransmitters, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. A hormone is a substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. JSmith 2013-09-11T15:16:56Z CHEBI:18243 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001782 blood dopamine level CMO:0001782 Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-09-11T15:23:16Z CHEBI:18243 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001783 serum dopamine level CMO:0001783 Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-09-11T15:23:21Z CHEBI:18243 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001784 plasma dopamine level CMO:0001784 Measurement of the amount of dopamine, a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter formed by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is an intermediate product in the synthesis of norepinephrine and is involved motor control, cognition, and reward, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the recordable electrical energy in a renal sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. JSmith 2013-09-17T18:26:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated RSNA measurement CMO:0001785 calculated renal sympathetic nerve activity measurement CMO:0001785 A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the recordable electrical energy in a renal sympathetic nerve, a nerve of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. A nerve is any of the cordlike structures that convey impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that each consist of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the recordable electrical energy of a renal sympathetic nerve assessed after the application of an agent or activity designed to excite or increase the activity of is divided by the activity of such a nerve assessed without outside influences and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A renal sympathetic nerve is a nerve (a cordlike structure that conveys impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that consists of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers) of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. JSmith 2013-09-20T12:30:31Z stimulated RSNA to basal RSNA ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001786 stimulated renal sympathetic nerve activity to basal renal sympathetic nerve activity ratio CMO:0001786 A calculated measurement in which the recordable electrical energy of a renal sympathetic nerve assessed after the application of an agent or activity designed to excite or increase the activity of is divided by the activity of such a nerve assessed without outside influences and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A renal sympathetic nerve is a nerve (a cordlike structure that conveys impulses between the central nervous system and one or more parts of the body, and that consists of an outer connective tissue sheath surrounding a bundle of conductive fibers) of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary and automatic reactions, especially to stress, associated with and controlling activity of the kidneys. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Any measurement of an abnormal growth of the mucous membrane lining the uterus resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2013-09-20T16:04:09Z MESH:D016889 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001787 endometrial tumor measurement CMO:0001787 Any measurement of an abnormal growth of the mucous membrane lining the uterus resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. JSmith 2013-09-20T16:05:38Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrioid carcinoma measurement CMO:0001788 endometrial adenocarcinoma measurement CMO:0001788 Any measurement of an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display endometrial adenocarcinomas at a point in time or develop endometrial adenocarcinomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. JSmith 2013-09-20T16:07:01Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrioid carcinoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001789 endometrial adenocarcinoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001789 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display endometrial adenocarcinomas at a point in time or develop endometrial adenocarcinomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of endometrial adenocarcinomas appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. JSmith 2013-09-20T16:10:37Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrial adenocarcinoma incidence measurement endometrioid carcinoma incidence measurement CMO:0001790 percentage of study population developing endometrial adenocarcinomas during a period of time CMO:0001790 The number of new cases of endometrial adenocarcinomas appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display endometrial adenocarcinomas at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. JSmith 2013-09-20T16:12:10Z MESH:D018269 clinical_measurement_ontology endometrial adenocarcinoma prevalence measurement endometrioid carcinoma prevalence measurement CMO:0001791 percentage of study population displaying endometrial adenocarcinomas at a point in time CMO:0001791 The number of individuals in a study population which display endometrial adenocarcinomas at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An endometrial adenocarcinoma is an abnormal and malignant growth of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane lining the uterus that results from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, serves no physiological function, and forms or appears to form glandular structures. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added saccharin, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Saccharin-water is saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). JSmith 2013-08-12T13:38:32Z total water plus saccharin-water intake to total water only intake ratio clinical_measurement_ontology saccharin index CMO:0001792 combined water and saccharin-water intake to total water only intake ratio CMO:0001792 A calculated measurement in which the entire volume of drink consumed during a specified period when that drink consists of both water with no additives and water with added saccharin, is divided by the entire volume of drink consumed during a separate but equivalent period when that drink consists only of water with no additives, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The volume of drink is the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst and/or for nourishment. Saccharin-water is saccharin, a cyclic imine of 2-sulfobenzoic acid which is 500 times sweeter than sugar and used as a nonnutritive sweetener, dissolved at a specified concentration in water, the clear, colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid each molecule of which contains one atom of oxygen and two atoms of hydrogen (H2O). http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T11:30:16Z MESH:D015179 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation colorectal neoplasm measurement CMO:0001793 colorectal tumor measurement CMO:0001793 The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A value or quantity determined by count of colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:05:43Z MESH:D015179 colorectal tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal neoplasm number CMO:0001794 colorectal tumor number CMO:0001794 A value or quantity determined by count of colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A value or quantity determined by count of benign colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:10:49Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000030 benign colorectal tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology benign colorectal neoplasm number colorectal adenoma number CMO:0001795 benign colorectal tumor number CMO:0001795 A value or quantity determined by count of benign colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 A value or quantity determined by count of malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:13:07Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 malignant colorectal tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal adenocarcinoma number malignant colorectal neoplasm number CMO:0001796 malignant colorectal tumor number CMO:0001796 A value or quantity determined by count of malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:16:42Z MESH:D015179 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal neoplasm surface area measurement CMO:0001797 colorectal tumor surface area measurement CMO:0001797 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:23:59Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal adenocarcinoma surface area measurement malignant colorectal neoplasm surface area measurement CMO:0001798 malignant colorectal tumor surface area measurement CMO:0001798 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more benign colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:24:03Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000030 clinical_measurement_ontology benign colorectal neoplasm surface area measurement colorectal adenoma surface area measurement CMO:0001799 benign colorectal tumor surface area measurement CMO:0001799 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more benign colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colorectal tumors at a point in time or develop colorectal tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:28:56Z MESH:D015179 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal cancer incidence/prevalence measurement colorectal neoplasm incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001800 colorectal tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001800 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colorectal tumors at a point in time or develop colorectal tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:32:32Z MESH:D015179 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal cancer incidence colorectal neoplasm incidence colorectal tumor incidence CMO:0001801 percentage of study population developing colorectal tumors during a period of time CMO:0001801 The number of new cases of colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:34:05Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal adenocarcinoma incidence malignant colorectal cancer incidence malignant colorectal neoplasm incidence malignant colorectal tumor incidence CMO:0001802 percentage of study population developing malignant colorectal tumors during a period of time CMO:0001802 The number of new cases of malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of benign colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Benign colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:34:07Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000030 clinical_measurement_ontology benign colorectal cancer incidence benign colorectal neoplasm incidence benign colorectal tumor incidence colorectal adenoma incidence CMO:0001803 percentage of study population developing benign colorectal tumors during a period of time CMO:0001803 The number of new cases of benign colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Benign colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:38:56Z MESH:D015179 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal cancer prevalence colorectal neoplasm prevalence colorectal tumor prevalence CMO:0001804 percentage of study population displaying colorectal tumors at a point in time CMO:0001804 The number of individuals in a study population which display colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:41:42Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology colorectal adenocarcinoma prevalence malignant colorectal cancer prevalence malignant colorectal neoplasm prevalence malignant colorectal tumor prevalence CMO:0001805 percentage of study population displaying malignant colorectal tumors at a point in time CMO:0001805 The number of individuals in a study population which display malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display benign colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Benign colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. JSmith 2013-09-26T12:41:45Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000030 clinical_measurement_ontology benign colorectal cancer prevalence benign colorectal neoplasm prevalence benign colorectal tumor prevalence colorectal adenoma prevalence CMO:0001806 percentage of study population displaying benign colorectal tumors at a point in time CMO:0001806 The number of individuals in a study population which display benign colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Benign colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which are generally stable, treatable, circumscribed (that is, not displaying invasiveness or metastasis), and in a relatively normal state of differentiation, and which occur in the large intestine, the distal portion of the alimentary canal, especially in the colon and/or rectum, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the anal canal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:22:22Z EFO:0005038 EFO:0007821 EFO:0007823 EFO:0007824 EFO:0007825 hair morphology hair morphology measurement balding measurement facial hair thickness measurement hair shape measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001807 coat/hair morphological measurement CMO:0001807 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:23:32Z EFO:0007822 hair colour measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001808 coat/hair color measurement CMO:0001808 Any measurement of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:25:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001809 calculated coat/hair color measurement CMO:0001809 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the color of the hair, wool, or fur of an organism, that is, of either a single cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filament characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal, or of the aggregate of all such filaments. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:26:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001810 pigmented coat/hair area to total coat/hair area ratio CMO:0001810 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the dorsal half of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the dorsal half of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dorsal half of the body is the approximately fifty percent of the body closest to the back and, in vertebrates, containing the spine. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:27:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001811 pigmented dorsal coat/hair area to total dorsal coat/hair area ratio CMO:0001811 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the dorsal half of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the dorsal half of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dorsal half of the body is the approximately fifty percent of the body closest to the back and, in vertebrates, containing the spine. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the ventral half of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the ventral half of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The ventral half of the body is the approximately fifty percent of the body that is closest to the anterior aspect of the human body or the lower surface of the body of an animal, and in vertebrates, furthest from the spine. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. JSmith 2013-09-26T18:28:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001812 pigmented ventral coat/hair area to total ventral coat/hair area ratio CMO:0001812 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the ventral half of the body surface occupied by hair, wool, or fur (cylindrical, keratinized, often pigmented filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal) containing proteins or other substances which give that hair the appearance of color, is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the planar region of the ventral half of the body surface of the organism occupied by hair, wool, or fur with or without color, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The ventral half of the body is the approximately fifty percent of the body that is closest to the anterior aspect of the human body or the lower surface of the body of an animal, and in vertebrates, furthest from the spine. Color is property of a surface or substance due to absorption of certain light rays and reflection of others within the range of wavelengths (roughly 370-760 nm) adequate to excite the retinal receptors. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the part(s) of the head region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine) in which insulin, the major, fuel-regulating peptide hormone that promotes storage of glucose and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, can be detected is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the head region of the pancreas, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. JSmith 2013-10-04T16:52:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology ratio of IPCA to total area of duodenal region of pancreas ratio of IPCA to total area of pancreas head region ratio of duodenal IPCA ratio of insulin-positive cell area to total area of head region of pancreas CMO:0001813 ratio of insulin-positive cell area to total area of duodenal region of pancreas CMO:0001813 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the part(s) of the head region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine) in which insulin, the major, fuel-regulating peptide hormone that promotes storage of glucose and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, can be detected is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the head region of the pancreas, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the part(s) of the tail region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes) in which insulin, the major, fuel-regulating peptide hormone that promotes storage of glucose and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, can be detected is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the tail region of the pancreas, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. JSmith 2013-10-04T16:54:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology ratio of IPCA to total area of pancreas tail region ratio of IPCA to total area of splenic region of pancreas ratio of insulin-positive cell area to total area of tail region of pancreas ratio of splenic IPCA CMO:0001814 ratio of insulin-positive cell area to total area of splenic region of pancreas CMO:0001814 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the two-dimensional extent of the part(s) of the tail region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes) in which insulin, the major, fuel-regulating peptide hormone that promotes storage of glucose and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, can be detected is divided by the value representing the entirety of the two-dimensional extent of the tail region of the pancreas, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas Measurement of the weight, i.e., the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single pancreatic islet or of the total of all of the islets in the entire pancreas or in a specified part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. JSmith 2013-10-11T11:17:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001815 pancreatic islet weight CMO:0001815 Measurement of the weight, i.e., the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single pancreatic islet or of the total of all of the islets in the entire pancreas or in a specified part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight, i.e., the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single pancreatic islet or of the total of all of the islets in the entire pancreas or in a specified part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. JSmith 2013-10-11T16:20:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001816 calculated pancreatic islet weight CMO:0001816 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight, i.e., the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity, of a single pancreatic islet or of the total of all of the islets in the entire pancreas or in a specified part thereof. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the entirety of the islet beta cells in the pancreas. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. JSmith 2013-10-11T16:22:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated islet beta cell mass of total pancreas CMO:0001817 calculated total pancreatic islet beta cell weight CMO:0001817 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the entirety of the islet beta cells in the pancreas. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the head region of the pancreas, the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine, and contains the major pancreatic duct. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. JSmith 2013-10-11T16:25:01Z calculated weight of islet beta cells in the head region of pancreas clinical_measurement_ontology calculated islet beta cell mass of duodenal region of pancreas CMO:0001818 calculated weight of islet beta cells in duodenal region of pancreas CMO:0001818 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the head region of the pancreas, the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine, and contains the major pancreatic duct. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the tail region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes). The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. JSmith 2013-10-11T16:27:41Z calculated weight of islet beta cells in the tail region of pancreas clinical_measurement_ontology calculated islet beta cell mass of splenic region of pancreas CMO:0001819 calculated weight of islet beta cells in splenic region of pancreas CMO:0001819 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight (the heaviness or the force with which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of the islet beta cells in the tail region of the pancreas (that is, the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes). The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight, that is, the heaviness or the force with which a body is drawn toward earth by gravity, of the beta cells in the head region of the pancreas is derived by multiplying the weight of the entire head region of the pancreas by this fraction: [average cross-sectional area of pancreatic islet beta cells in the head region divided by average cross-sectional area of the head region of the pancreas]. The head region of the pancreas is the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. Area is the value representing the size of the two-dimensional extent of an object. JSmith 2013-10-14T15:24:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001820 duodenal region pancreatic beta cell weight calculated as the product of pancreas duodenal region weight and corresponding beta cell fractional area CMO:0001820 A calculated measurement in which the weight, that is, the heaviness or the force with which a body is drawn toward earth by gravity, of the beta cells in the head region of the pancreas is derived by multiplying the weight of the entire head region of the pancreas by this fraction: [average cross-sectional area of pancreatic islet beta cells in the head region divided by average cross-sectional area of the head region of the pancreas]. The head region of the pancreas is the portion of the pancreas which lies closest to the duodenum, the first segment of the small intestine. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. Area is the value representing the size of the two-dimensional extent of an object. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight, that is, the heaviness or the force with which a body is drawn toward earth by gravity, of the beta cells in the tail region of the pancreas is derived by multiplying the weight of the entire tail region of the pancreas by this fraction: [average cross-sectional area of pancreatic islet beta cells in the tail region divided by average cross-sectional area of the tail region of the pancreas]. The tail region of the pancreas is the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. Area is the value representing the size of the two-dimensional extent of an object. JSmith 2013-10-14T15:27:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001821 splenic region pancreatic beta cell weight calculated as the product of pancreas splenic region weight and corresponding beta cell fractional area CMO:0001821 A calculated measurement in which the weight, that is, the heaviness or the force with which a body is drawn toward earth by gravity, of the beta cells in the tail region of the pancreas is derived by multiplying the weight of the entire tail region of the pancreas by this fraction: [average cross-sectional area of pancreatic islet beta cells in the tail region divided by average cross-sectional area of the tail region of the pancreas]. The tail region of the pancreas is the portion of the pancreas which lies furthest from the major pancreatic duct and closest to the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. A pancreatic islet is a small encapsulated region of the pancreas containing endocrine (i.e., hormone-producing) cells. An islet beta cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning, which is found in a pancreatic islet and produces the hormones insulin and amylin. Area is the value representing the size of the two-dimensional extent of an object. ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2013-10-14T16:49:10Z MESH:D011388 clinical_measurement_ontology blood Prl level CMO:0001822 blood prolactin level CMO:0001822 The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:736187 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2013-10-14T16:52:20Z MESH:D011388 clinical_measurement_ontology serum Prl level CMO:0001823 serum prolactin level CMO:0001823 The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:736187 The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2013-10-14T16:52:23Z MESH:D011388 clinical_measurement_ontology plasma Prl level CMO:0001824 plasma prolactin level CMO:0001824 The amount of prolactin found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Prolactin is a peptide hormone which is secreted by the anterior pituitary and is involved in lactation, growth regulation for tissues including cells of the immune system, and possibly supression of apoptosis. A peptide hormone is a complex organic compound that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages, and that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:736187 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of an infection has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which an infectious agent (e.g., bacteria, virus or parasite) has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. JSmith 2013-10-15T14:50:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001825 infection severity measurement CMO:0001825 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of an infection has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which an infectious agent (e.g., bacteria, virus or parasite) has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which infection by or the presence of a parasite has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which a parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of invasive organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, or parasites) in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSmith 2013-10-15T14:57:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001826 parasitic infection severity measurement CMO:0001826 Any measurement of the degree to which infection by or the presence of a parasite has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which a parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of invasive organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, or parasites) in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSmith 2013-10-15T15:25:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001827 parasite count CMO:0001827 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. JSmith 2013-10-15T15:59:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001828 blood antibody level CMO:0001828 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-10-15T16:11:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001829 plasma anti-toxoplasma antibody level CMO:0001829 Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-10-15T16:13:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001830 serum anti-toxoplasma antibody level CMO:0001830 Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement related to anti-parasite antibodies in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-parasite antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a parasite, an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-10-15T16:15:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001831 blood anti-parasite antibody measurement CMO:0001831 A measurement related to anti-parasite antibodies in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-parasite antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a parasite, an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-10-15T16:16:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001832 blood anti-toxoplasma antibody level CMO:0001832 Measurement of the amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement related to immunoglobulins, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them. JSmith 2013-10-15T16:24:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001833 immunoglobulin measurement CMO:0001833 Any measurement related to immunoglobulins, any of several classes of proteins produced by plasma cells and lymphocytes which play essential roles in the immune system, for example, attaching to foreign substances in an effort to destroy them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. JSmith 2013-10-15T18:03:27Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology Hirschsprung's disease severity measurement intestinal aganglionosis severity measurement CMO:0001834 colonic aganglionosis severity measurement CMO:0001834 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. JSmith 2013-10-15T18:10:26Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology calculated Hirschsprung disease severity measurement calculated intestinal aganglionosis severity measurement CMO:0001835 calculated colonic aganglionosis severity measurement CMO:0001835 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of colonic aganglionosis has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or interfered with the normal functioning of the colon, the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value of the cumulative linear size along the longest dimension of the segments of the colon affected by colonic aganglionosis is divided by the value of the entire linear distance between the two ends of that colon and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. JSmith 2013-10-15T18:14:28Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology aganglionosis extent length of intestine affected by Hirschsprung disease to total length of colon ratio length of intestine affected by intestinal aganglionosis to total length of colon ratio CMO:0001836 length of intestine affected by colonic aganglionosis to total length of colon ratio CMO:0001836 A calculated measurement in which the value of the cumulative linear size along the longest dimension of the segments of the colon affected by colonic aganglionosis is divided by the value of the entire linear distance between the two ends of that colon and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colonic aganglionosis at a point in time or develop colonic aganglionosis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. JSmith 2013-10-16T10:32:56Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology Hirschsprung disease incidence/prevalence measurement intestinal aganglionosis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001837 colonic aganglionosis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001837 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display colonic aganglionosis at a point in time or develop colonic aganglionosis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display colonic aganglionosis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. JSmith 2013-10-16T10:37:12Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology Hirschsprung disease prevalence colonic aganglionosis prevalence intestinal aganglionosis prevalence CMO:0001838 percentage of study population displaying colonic aganglionosis at a point in time CMO:0001838 The number of individuals in a study population which display colonic aganglionosis at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of colonic aganglionosis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. JSmith 2013-10-16T10:37:17Z MESH:D006627 clinical_measurement_ontology Hirschsprung disease incidence colonic aganglionosis incidence intestinal aganglionosis incidence CMO:0001839 percentage of study population developing colonic aganglionosis during a period of time CMO:0001839 The number of new cases of colonic aganglionosis appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Colonic aganglionosis is the absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in any or all of the myenteric plexus, a network of autonomic nerve fibers within the tunica muscularis of the wall of the alimentary canal in general and of the colon in particular. The colon is the segment of the large intestine between the cecum and the rectum. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. JSmith 2013-10-16T12:18:32Z end-systolic heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology end-systolic heart left ventricle PWT CMO:0001840 Note that "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. heart left ventricle end-systolic posterior wall thickness CMO:0001840 The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. The left ventricle is the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location) Any measurement of the number of cells in the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-16T13:24:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001841 thymus cell count CMO:0001841 Any measurement of the number of cells in the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the entire number of cells in the thymus without regard to the type of cell, i.e. including cells of lymphoid origin and stromal cells. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-16T13:25:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001842 thymus total cell count CMO:0001842 Measurement of the entire number of cells in the thymus without regard to the type of cell, i.e. including cells of lymphoid origin and stromal cells. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the number of immature lymphocytes in the thymus. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-16T13:26:33Z thymic lymphocyte count thymus immature T cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001843 thymocyte count CMO:0001843 Measurement of the number of immature lymphocytes in the thymus. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the number of non-thymocyte cells, i.e., connective tissue cells such as cortical and medullary epithelial cells and dendritic cells, in the thymus. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-16T13:44:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001844 thymus stromal cell count CMO:0001844 Measurement of the number of non-thymocyte cells, i.e., connective tissue cells such as cortical and medullary epithelial cells and dendritic cells, in the thymus. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymus The number of lymphocytes expressing T cell receptor molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. T cell receptor is a transmembrane protein complex that recognizes antigenic peptides bound to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) proteins on antigen-presenting cells as part of cell-mediated immunity. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:02:27Z T-cell receptor positive thymic lymphocyte count T-cell receptor positive thymocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001845 TCR+ thymocyte count CMO:0001845 The number of lymphocytes expressing T cell receptor molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. T cell receptor is a transmembrane protein complex that recognizes antigenic peptides bound to Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) proteins on antigen-presenting cells as part of cell-mediated immunity. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T_cell_receptor http://www.dddmag.com/content/glossary-drug-discovery-and-development-terms#t The number of lymphocytes expressing the CD45 receptor (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C; PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. PTPRC is a transmembrane protein specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells which has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:04:48Z CD45R+ thymic lymphocyte count CD45R-positive thymocyte count PTPRC+ thymocyte count leukocyte common antigen (LCA) positive thymocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001846 CD45R+ thymocyte count CMO:0001846 The number of lymphocytes expressing the CD45 receptor (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C; PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. PTPRC is a transmembrane protein specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells which has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PTPRC The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:22:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001847 thymus measurement CMO:0001847 The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of the thymus, the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin which control these processes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:27:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001848 spleen measurement CMO:0001848 The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of the spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of bone marrow, the soft, organic, spongelike material in the internal cavities of bones (the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts). Bone marrow (the chief function of which is to manufacture erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) consists of a network of blood vessels and special connective tissue fibers that hold together a composite of fat and blood-producing cells. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:54:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001849 bone marrow measurement CMO:0001849 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of bone marrow, the soft, organic, spongelike material in the internal cavities of bones (the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts). Bone marrow (the chief function of which is to manufacture erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) consists of a network of blood vessels and special connective tissue fibers that hold together a composite of fat and blood-producing cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement of the fraction of sodium actually excreted in the urine relative to the amount filtered by the kidneys. It is calculated as the clearance of sodium divided by the glomerular filtration rate. The standard equation for the calculation is: ((urineSodium x plasmaCreatinine)/(plasmaSodium x urineCreatinine))x100. JSmith 2013-11-04T15:20:59Z urinary fractional excretion of sodium clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001850 urine fractional sodium excretion CMO:0001850 A calculated measurement of the fraction of sodium actually excreted in the urine relative to the amount filtered by the kidneys. It is calculated as the clearance of sodium divided by the glomerular filtration rate. The standard equation for the calculation is: ((urineSodium x plasmaCreatinine)/(plasmaSodium x urineCreatinine))x100. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_sodium_excretion Any measurement of the physical form or structure of bone marrow, the soft, organic, spongelike material in the internal cavities of bones (the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts). Bone marrow (the chief function of which is to manufacture erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) consists of a network of blood vessels and special connective tissue fibers that hold together a composite of fat and blood-producing cells. JSmith 2013-10-23T13:57:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001851 bone marrow morphological measurement CMO:0001851 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of bone marrow, the soft, organic, spongelike material in the internal cavities of bones (the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts). Bone marrow (the chief function of which is to manufacture erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets) consists of a network of blood vessels and special connective tissue fibers that hold together a composite of fat and blood-producing cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-04T17:14:28Z renal molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001852 kidney molecular composition measurement CMO:0001852 Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 ISBN:0683400088 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Quanitification of one or more lipids in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. A lipid is any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. JSmith 2013-11-04T17:16:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001853 kidney lipid composition measurement CMO:0001853 Quanitification of one or more lipids in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. A lipid is any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The amount of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a vasoconstrictor that consists of arachidonic acid (a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14) bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 20, in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-04T17:22:56Z CHEBI:34306 kidney 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001854 kidney 20-HETE level CMO:0001854 The amount of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, a vasoconstrictor that consists of arachidonic acid (a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14) bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 20, in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://www.nugowiki.org/index.php/20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic_acid A calculated measurement in which urine sodium excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine sodium excretion rate is the amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. JSmith 2013-11-04T17:42:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001855 urine sodium excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001855 A calculated measurement in which urine sodium excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine sodium excretion rate is the amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of pancreatic islet tissue, i.e. one or more of the islets of Langerhans, the small, encapsulated, irregular, microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. JSmith 2013-11-05T16:39:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001856 pancreatic islet molecular composition measurement CMO:0001856 Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of pancreatic islet tissue, i.e. one or more of the islets of Langerhans, the small, encapsulated, irregular, microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. ISBN:0683400088 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas The amount of insulin in a specified sample of pancreatic islet tissue, i.e. one or more of the islets of Langerhans, the small, encapsulated, irregular, microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. JSmith 2013-11-05T16:59:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001857 pancreatic islet insulin level CMO:0001857 The amount of insulin in a specified sample of pancreatic islet tissue, i.e. one or more of the islets of Langerhans, the small, encapsulated, irregular, microscopic structures scattered throughout the pancreas and comprising its endocrine portion. The pancreas is the elongated, racemose gland containing both endocrine and exocrine elements which secretes hormones such as insulin and glucagon internally and digestive enzymes externally. Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreas Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop acute EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. JSmith 2013-11-05T18:08:55Z acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology acute EAE incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001858 acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001858 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop acute EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of new cases of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. JSmith 2013-11-05T18:15:13Z percentage of study population developing acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology acute EAE incidence acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis incidence acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence percentage of study population developing acute EAE during a period of time CMO:0001859 percentage of study population developing acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time CMO:0001859 The number of new cases of acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. JSmith 2013-11-05T18:17:04Z percentage of study population displaying acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology acute EAE prevalence acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis prevalence acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis prevalence percentage of study population displaying acute EAE at a point in time CMO:0001860 percentage of study population displaying acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time CMO:0001860 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Acute EAE is a variant of EAE having a short, monophasic timecourse of symptoms which are usually severe, followed by complete and stable recovery. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis Any quantification related to an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-11-05T18:53:03Z EFO:0004556 antibody measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001861 antibody measurement CMO:0001861 Any quantification related to an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of a specific antibody determined as the maximal dilution of the antibody solution at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSmith 2013-11-05T19:04:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001862 antibody titer CMO:0001862 Measurement of the amount of a specific antibody determined as the maximal dilution of the antibody solution at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody_titer Measurement of the amount of a specific autoantibody determined as the maximal dilution of the autoantibody solution at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2013-11-05T19:10:21Z anti-self antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001863 autoantibody titer CMO:0001863 Measurement of the amount of a specific autoantibody determined as the maximal dilution of the autoantibody solution at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody_titer Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more of the cells of the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. JSmith 2013-11-07T16:05:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001864 immune cell measurement CMO:0001864 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more of the cells of the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of immune cells in a specified sample. An immune cell is any cell involved in the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. JSmith 2013-11-07T16:12:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001865 immune cell count CMO:0001865 The number of immune cells in a specified sample. An immune cell is any cell involved in the immune system, a complex set of interconnected and interdependent cellular and molecular components having the primary functions of distinguishing self from not self and of defense against foreign organisms or substances. A cell is a membrane-enclosed protoplasmic mass constituting the smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent functioning. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. JSmith 2013-11-07T17:29:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymphocyte radioactive tracer measurement CMO:0001866 lymphocyte tracer radioactivity measurement CMO:0001866 Any quantification of the corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantification, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. JSmith 2013-11-07T17:30:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated lymphocyte radioactive tracer measurement CMO:0001867 calculated lymphocyte tracer radioactivity measurement CMO:0001867 Any quantification, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement in a specified sample of kidney tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Kidney is the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-07T17:31:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney-specific lymphocyte radioactive tracer measurement CMO:0001868 kidney-specific lymphocyte tracer radioactivity measurement CMO:0001868 Measurement in a specified sample of kidney tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Kidney is the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement in a specified sample of lymph node tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Lymph nodes are any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. JSmith 2013-11-07T17:31:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph node-specific lymphocyte radioactive tracer measurement CMO:0001869 lymph node-specific lymphocyte tracer radioactivity measurement CMO:0001869 Measurement in a specified sample of lymph node tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Lymph nodes are any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the level of radioactivity from a lymphocyte tracer found in lymph node is divided by the level of radioactivity from a lymphocyte tracer found in kidney from the same individual, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Lymphocyte tracer radioactivity level is the measurement in a specified sample of tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Lymph nodes are any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. Kidney is the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-07T17:41:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001870 lymph node-specific lymphocyte tracer radioactivity level to kidney-specific lymphocyte tracer radioactivity level ratio CMO:0001870 A calculated measurement in which the level of radioactivity from a lymphocyte tracer found in lymph node is divided by the level of radioactivity from a lymphocyte tracer found in kidney from the same individual, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Lymphocyte tracer radioactivity level is the measurement in a specified sample of tissue of the amount of corpuscular or electromagnetic radiations emitted consequent to nuclear disintegration of a radioactive isotope which is replacing a stable chemical element in a compound that has been introduced into lymphocytes (small agranulocytic leukocytes that originate from fetal stem cells and develop in the bone marrow) rendering them able to be followed or tracked through the body. Lymph nodes are any of the accumulations of lymphoid tissue organized as definite lymphoid organs along the course of lymphatic vessels, consisting of an outer cortical and an inner medullary part; they are the main source of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood and, as part of the reticuloendothelial system, serve as a defense mechanism by removing noxious agents, e.g., bacteria and toxins, and probably play a role in antibody formation. Kidney is the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors of the head and neck, a group of biologically similar cancers that start in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2013-11-08T11:45:08Z MESH:D006258 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001871 Note that "tumors of the head and neck" or "cancers of the head and neck" refers to a specific group of neoplasms, not just to any tumor located anywhere in the head or neck of an individual. According to the National Cancer Institute "Cancers of the brain, the eye, the esophagus, and the thyroid gland, as well as those of the scalp, skin, muscles, and bones of the head and neck, are not usually classified as head and neck cancers". head and neck tumor measurement CMO:0001871 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors of the head and neck, a group of biologically similar cancers that start in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2013-11-08T11:52:17Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D006258 RDO:0000778 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation SCCHN measurement CMO:0001872 Note that "tumors of the head and neck" or "cancers of the head and neck" refers to a specific group of neoplasms, not just to any tumor located anywhere in the head or neck of an individual. According to the National Cancer Institute "Cancers of the brain, the eye, the esophagus, and the thyroid gland, as well as those of the scalp, skin, muscles, and bones of the head and neck, are not usually classified as head and neck cancers". squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck measurement CMO:0001872 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:06:29Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001873 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue measurement CMO:0001873 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma The length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor or an area occupied by tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:10:04Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 diameter of squamous cell tumors of the tongue clinical_measurement_ontology tongue SCC tumor diameter CMO:0001874 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue tumor diameter CMO:0001874 The length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor or an area occupied by tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma The largest value in a collection in which each value corresponds to the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single squamous cell tumor of the tongue. A squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is a tumor arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:14:37Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 maximum diameter of squamous cell tumors of the tongue clinical_measurement_ontology DTCmax tongue SCC maximum tumor diameter CMO:0001875 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue maximum tumor diameter CMO:0001875 The largest value in a collection in which each value corresponds to the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single squamous cell tumor of the tongue. A squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is a tumor arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:16:41Z MESH:D002294 RDO:0000778 number of squamous cell tumors of the head and neck clinical_measurement_ontology SSCHN tumor number CMO:0001876 Note that "tumors of the head and neck" or "cancers of the head and neck" refers to a specific group of neoplasms, not just to any tumor located anywhere in the head or neck of an individual. According to the National Cancer Institute "Cancers of the brain, the eye, the esophagus, and the thyroid gland, as well as those of the scalp, skin, muscles, and bones of the head and neck, are not usually classified as head and neck cancers". squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck tumor number CMO:0001876 A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, and/or larynx, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the lip, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and/or in the oral cavity excluding the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:21:25Z MESH:D002294 RDO:0000778 number of non-tongue squamous cell tumors of the head and neck clinical_measurement_ontology non-tongue SCCHN tumor number CMO:0001877 Note that "tumors of the head and neck" or "cancers of the head and neck" refers to a specific group of neoplasms, not just to any tumor located anywhere in the head or neck of an individual. According to the National Cancer Institute "Cancers of the brain, the eye, the esophagus, and the thyroid gland, as well as those of the scalp, skin, muscles, and bones of the head and neck, are not usually classified as head and neck cancers". non-tongue squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck tumor number CMO:0001877 A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the lip, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and/or in the oral cavity excluding the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_and_neck_cancer http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:24:06Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 number of squamous cell tumors of the tongue clinical_measurement_ontology tongue SCC tumor number CMO:0001878 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue tumor number CMO:0001878 A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma A value or quantity determined by count of squamous cell carcinoma tumors of the tongue in which the diameter, the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor, measures at least 5 millimeters (5/1000ths of a meter). Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is comprised of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-08T12:29:10Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue number of tumors with diameter greater than 5 mm clinical_measurement_ontology tongue SCC number of tumors with diameter greater than 5 mm CMO:0001879 number of squamous cell tumors of the tongue with diameter greater than 5 mm CMO:0001879 A value or quantity determined by count of squamous cell carcinoma tumors of the tongue in which the diameter, the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor, measures at least 5 millimeters (5/1000ths of a meter). Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is comprised of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of hydrocephalus has caused damage to the brain and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or specifically of the central nervous system of an organism. Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles, usually occurring secondarily to obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways, and accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull. JSmith 2013-11-08T15:41:05Z hydrocephaly severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001880 hydrocephalus severity measurement CMO:0001880 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of hydrocephalus has caused damage to the brain and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or specifically of the central nervous system of an organism. Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles, usually occurring secondarily to obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways, and accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A quantitative assessment of the degree to which the presentation of hydrocephalus has caused damage to the brain and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or specifically of the central nervous system of an organism, for example based on the number of dilated cerebral ventricles and degree to which they are dilated. Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles, usually occurring secondarily to obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways, and accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull. JSmith 2013-11-08T15:42:56Z hydrocephaly severity score clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001881 hydrocephalus severity score CMO:0001881 A quantitative assessment of the degree to which the presentation of hydrocephalus has caused damage to the brain and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or specifically of the central nervous system of an organism, for example based on the number of dilated cerebral ventricles and degree to which they are dilated. Hydrocephalus is a congenital or acquired condition marked by dilatation of the cerebral ventricles, usually occurring secondarily to obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid pathways, and accompanied by an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The difference in the pulse pressure of an individual between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures, i.e. the difference between the maximal arterial pressure and minimal arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle. JSmith 2013-11-08T16:00:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001882 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in pulse pressure CMO:0001882 The difference in the pulse pressure of an individual between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures, i.e. the difference between the maximal arterial pressure and minimal arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle. Berne_and_Levy:Berne_and_Levy_Physiology--6th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary ISBN:978-0323073622 http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the stomach, the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T17:49:10Z gastric measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001883 stomach measurement CMO:0001883 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the stomach, the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Measurement of any lesion in the stomach. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T17:54:09Z gastric lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001884 stomach lesion measurement CMO:0001884 Measurement of any lesion in the stomach. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T17:56:57Z gastric tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001885 stomach tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001885 Measurement of an organ lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Measurement of a stomach lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T17:57:00Z gastric non-tumorous lesion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001886 stomach non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0001886 Measurement of a stomach lesion which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a stomach tumor. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T18:02:06Z gastric tumor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001887 stomach tumor measurement CMO:0001887 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a stomach tumor. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Measurement of the distance a stomach tumor has penetrated into or through the adjoining tissue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T18:04:27Z gastric tumor depth of invasion clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001888 stomach tumor depth of invasion CMO:0001888 Measurement of the distance a stomach tumor has penetrated into or through the adjoining tissue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach The length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor or an area occupied by tumors of the stomach. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T18:05:26Z gastric tumor diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001889 stomach tumor diameter CMO:0001889 The length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor or an area occupied by tumors of the stomach. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach A quantification of tumors on or in the stomach or a specified sample of stomach tissue, as determined by count. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. JSmith 2013-11-08T18:06:52Z gastric tumor number stomach tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001890 stomach tumor number CMO:0001890 A quantification of tumors on or in the stomach or a specified sample of stomach tissue, as determined by count. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The stomach is the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop chronic EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. JSmith 2013-11-18T12:55:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic EAE incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001891 For disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement, use the term for relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001891 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time or develop chronic EAE within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. JSmith 2013-11-18T13:23:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic EAE prevalence percentage of study population displaying chronic EAE at a point in time CMO:0001892 For disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement, use the term for relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. percentage of study population displaying chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis at a point in time CMO:0001892 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis The number of new cases of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. JSmith 2013-11-18T13:23:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology chronic EAE incidence percentage of study population developing chronic EAE during a period of time CMO:0001893 For disease characterized by repeated symptomatic attacks followed by complete or almost complete improvement, use the term for relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. percentage of study population developing chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis during a period of time CMO:0001893 The number of new cases of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. EAE is an animal model of brain inflammation in which inflammation is induced through immunization of the animal with central nervous system antigens or by the passive transfer of autoreactive T cells. Chronic EAE is a variant of EAE characterized by a long duration and slow, constant progression. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune_encephalomyelitis A calculated measurement of the degree to which a change in the size of the remaining kidney after surgical removal of the other kidney can be attributed to compensatory growth, calculated as the ratio of the normalized weight of a single kidney at the time of surgical removal divided by the similarly normalized weight of the single remaining kidney at a specified period of time after removal. The normalized kidney weight is the weight of the kidney corrected for body weight using an empirically determined allometric scaling factor (i.e., an exponential factor which adjusts for the normal increase in kidney weight due to normal growth and development of the individual). Compensatory growth is the phenomenon in which the impaired function of one organ in a paired organ system or of part of an organ in a single organ system is followed by enlargement of the surviving organ or tissue so that functional capacity is maintained. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-18T15:00:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CRG score CMO:0001894 compensatory renal growth score CMO:0001894 A calculated measurement of the degree to which a change in the size of the remaining kidney after surgical removal of the other kidney can be attributed to compensatory growth, calculated as the ratio of the normalized weight of a single kidney at the time of surgical removal divided by the similarly normalized weight of the single remaining kidney at a specified period of time after removal. The normalized kidney weight is the weight of the kidney corrected for body weight using an empirically determined allometric scaling factor (i.e., an exponential factor which adjusts for the normal increase in kidney weight due to normal growth and development of the individual). Compensatory growth is the phenomenon in which the impaired function of one organ in a paired organ system or of part of an organ in a single organ system is followed by enlargement of the surviving organ or tissue so that functional capacity is maintained. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 RGD:61071 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The quantification of any parameter having to do with the state or quality of being on the verge of death or in the process of dying. JSmith 2013-11-18T15:54:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001895 moribundity measurement CMO:0001895 The quantification of any parameter having to do with the state or quality of being on the verge of death or in the process of dying. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a noxious, toxic or disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of moribundity, the state or quality of being on the verge of death or in the process of dying. JSmith 2013-11-18T15:57:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001896 post-insult time to onset of moribundity CMO:0001896 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a noxious, toxic or disease-producing stimulus to the observation of symptoms of moribundity, the state or quality of being on the verge of death or in the process of dying. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the difference in the volume of blood delivered to and/or exiting from the kidneys per unit time between two points in time or two conditions is divided by the weight (heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one or both kidneys, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-18T16:20:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001897 ratio of change in renal blood flow rate to kidney weight CMO:0001897 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the volume of blood delivered to and/or exiting from the kidneys per unit time between two points in time or two conditions is divided by the weight (heaviness or degree to which a body is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one or both kidneys, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow A measurement of the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Renal vascular resistance is calculated as the renal blood flow rate divided by the mean arterial pressure. JSmith 2013-11-18T17:22:16Z kidney vascular resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001898 renal vascular resistance CMO:0001898 A measurement of the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Renal vascular resistance is calculated as the renal blood flow rate divided by the mean arterial pressure. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-18T17:23:40Z calculated kidney vascular resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001899 calculated renal vascular resistance CMO:0001899 A measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The difference in renal vascular resistance between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Renal vascular resistance is the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-18T17:26:57Z absolute change in kidney vascular resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001900 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in renal vascular resistance CMO:0001900 The difference in renal vascular resistance between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Renal vascular resistance is the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the slope, the ratio of vertical change to horizontal change, of the line of a graph designating the change in renal vascular resistance in response to a drug or other condition which causes constriction or reduction of the interior diameter of blood vessels. Renal vascular resistance is the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-18T17:27:01Z slope of constriction-induced renal vascular resistance curve slope of contraction-induced kidney vascular resistance curve clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001901 slope of contraction-induced renal vascular resistance curve CMO:0001901 A calculated measurement of the slope, the ratio of vertical change to horizontal change, of the line of a graph designating the change in renal vascular resistance in response to a drug or other condition which causes constriction or reduction of the interior diameter of blood vessels. Renal vascular resistance is the degree to which the blood vessels of the kidneys impede the flow of blood through them. Blood vessels are the network of muscular tubes that carry blood throughout the body. Blood is the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Kidney is the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://www.mathnstuff.com/math/spoken/here/1words/s/s22.htm A calculated value in which the value representing the entire amount of all proteins excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. Urine is the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Body weight is the heaviness or degree to which the body, i.e., the entire material or physical structure of an organism, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2013-11-18T17:41:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001902 urine total protein excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0001902 A calculated value in which the value representing the entire amount of all proteins excreted in the urine is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. Urine is the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Body weight is the heaviness or degree to which the body, i.e., the entire material or physical structure of an organism, is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of the leukemia disease state, or to the official determination of leukemia as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Leukemia is any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:39:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001903 leukemia onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001903 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of the leukemia disease state, or to the official determination of leukemia as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Leukemia is any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:40:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001904 post-insult time to onset of leukemia CMO:0001904 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of leukemia, any of a group of progressive, malignant diseases of the blood-forming organs, marked by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a lymphoma, or to the official determination of lymphoma as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:41:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001905 lymphoma onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001905 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a lymphoma, or to the official determination of lymphoma as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a T-cell lymphoma, or to the official determination of T-cell lymphoma as the cause of the observed symptom(s). T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:42:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001906 T-cell lymphoma onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0001906 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a T-cell lymphoma, or to the official determination of T-cell lymphoma as the cause of the observed symptom(s). T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of T-cell lymphoma. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:44:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology T-cell lymphoma latency CMO:0001907 post-insult time to onset of T-cell lymphoma CMO:0001907 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of T-cell lymphoma. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display lymphomas at a point in time or develop lymphomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:46:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001908 lymphoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001908 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display lymphomas at a point in time or develop lymphomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display T-cell lymphomas at a point in time or develop T-cell lymphomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:48:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001909 T-cell lymphoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0001909 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display T-cell lymphomas at a point in time or develop T-cell lymphomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, T-cell lymphomas at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:50:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology T-cell lymphoma prevalence CMO:0001910 percentage of study population displaying T-cell lymphomas at a point in time CMO:0001910 The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, T-cell lymphomas at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of T-cell lymphoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:50:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology T-cell lymphoma incidence CMO:0001911 percentage of study population developing T-cell lymphomas during a period of time CMO:0001911 The number of new cases of T-cell lymphoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. T-cell lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of usually malignant lymphoid neoplasms that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of T lymphocytes. T lymphocytes are white blood cells that complete maturation in the thymus and that have various roles in the immune system, including the identification of specific foreign antigens in the body, the mediation of cellular immune responses, and the activation and deactivation of other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a lymphoma or of a lymphoma disease state. Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. JSmith 2013-11-18T18:59:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001912 lymphoma measurement CMO:0001912 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a lymphoma or of a lymphoma disease state. Lymphoma refers to any of various usually malignant neoplasms of lymphatic and reticuloendothelial tissues that occur as circumscribed solid tumors and that are composed of cells that resemble or originate from lymphocytes, plasma cells, or histiocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of defects or lesions of the internal elastic lamina which are not hyperplastic or neoplastic in origin in a specified sample of artery. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. The internal elastic lamina (IEL) is a fenestrated (perforated) layer of elastic tissue, i.e., one having the property of returning to the original shape after being distorted, that is the outermost part of the intima (innermost layer) of an artery. The IEL is the elastic layer that is situated between the tunica intima (inner layers) and tunica media (middle layers) of artery walls. An artery is any one of the branching system of muscular, elastic blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. JSmith 2013-11-19T13:00:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology artery internal elastic lamina defect count CMO:0001913 artery internal elastic lamina non-tumorous lesion count CMO:0001913 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of defects or lesions of the internal elastic lamina which are not hyperplastic or neoplastic in origin in a specified sample of artery. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. The internal elastic lamina (IEL) is a fenestrated (perforated) layer of elastic tissue, i.e., one having the property of returning to the original shape after being distorted, that is the outermost part of the intima (innermost layer) of an artery. The IEL is the elastic layer that is situated between the tunica intima (inner layers) and tunica media (middle layers) of artery walls. An artery is any one of the branching system of muscular, elastic blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-19T14:28:34Z renal plasma flow rate clinical_measurement_ontology RPF CMO:0001914 renal plasma flow CMO:0001914 The amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of a non-metabolizable solute such as para-aminohippurate (PAH) or inulin. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-19T14:51:51Z RGD:25314254 effective renal plasma flow rate to both kidney weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology eRPF to both kidney weight ratio ratio of the effective renal plasma flow to kidney weight CMO:0001915 ratio of renal plasma flow to kidney weight CMO:0001915 A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of a non-metabolizable solute such as para-aminohippurate (PAH) or inulin. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow A calculated measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of a non-metabolizable solute such as para-aminohippurate (PAH). The effective RPF is approximately 10% less than the actual RPF. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-19T14:52:06Z effective renal plasma flow rate clinical_measurement_ontology eRPF CMO:0001916 effective renal plasma flow CMO:0001916 A calculated measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of a non-metabolizable solute such as para-aminohippurate (PAH). The effective RPF is approximately 10% less than the actual RPF. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-19T14:52:10Z calculated RPF calculated renal plasma flow rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001917 calculated renal plasma flow CMO:0001917 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. The kidneys are the paired organs that function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more nucleic acids in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group, and are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. JSmith 2013-11-22T16:08:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001918 liver nucleic acid measurement CMO:0001918 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more nucleic acids in the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group, and are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the liver is formed or composed. JSmith 2013-11-22T16:09:53Z liver RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001919 liver ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0001919 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the liver is formed or composed. CHEBI:33697 CHEBI:33699 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase-placental form (GST-P) in a specified sample of liver. GST-P is one of a family of enzymes that play an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. JSmith 2013-11-22T16:11:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver GST-P mRNA level CMO:0001920 liver glutathione S-transferase-placental form mRNA level CMO:0001920 Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase-placental form (GST-P) in a specified sample of liver. GST-P is one of a family of enzymes that play an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed RGD:732257 Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in a specified sample of liver. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor that may be an amino acid, a peptide or water, and plays a key role in the gamma-glutamyl cycle, a pathway for the synthesis and degradation of glutathione and drug and xenobiotic detoxification. JSmith 2013-11-22T16:12:03Z BRENDA:EC2.3.2.2 liver GGTP mRNA level liver gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001921 liver gamma-glutamyltransferase mRNA level CMO:0001921 Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in a specified sample of liver. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor that may be an amino acid, a peptide or water, and plays a key role in the gamma-glutamyl cycle, a pathway for the synthesis and degradation of glutathione and drug and xenobiotic detoxification. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_transpeptidase Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in a specified sample of liver. MGMT is an enzyme that repairs the naturally occurring mutagenic DNA lesion O6-methylguanine back to guanine to prevent mismatch and error during DNA replication and transcription. JSmith 2013-11-22T16:12:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver MGMT mRNA level CMO:0001922 liver O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase mRNA level CMO:0001922 Measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNA) which specifically codes for the amino acid sequence of the enzyme O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in a specified sample of liver. MGMT is an enzyme that repairs the naturally occurring mutagenic DNA lesion O6-methylguanine back to guanine to prevent mismatch and error during DNA replication and transcription. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O-6-methylguanine-DNA_methyltransferase Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of acute phase proteins in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Acute phase proteins comprise a class of proteins whose plasma concentrations increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or decrease (negative acute-phase proteins) in response to inflammation. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:03:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001923 blood acute phase protein measurement CMO:0001923 Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of acute phase proteins in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Acute phase proteins comprise a class of proteins whose plasma concentrations increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or decrease (negative acute-phase proteins) in response to inflammation. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_phase_protein Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of cytokines in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. A cytokine is a type of nonantibody protein released by a cell population on contact with specific antigen, which acts as an intercellular mediator, as in the generation of an immune response. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:05:41Z cytokine measurement EFO:0004873 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001924 blood cytokine measurement CMO:0001924 Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of cytokines in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. A cytokine is a type of nonantibody protein released by a cell population on contact with specific antigen, which acts as an intercellular mediator, as in the generation of an immune response. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of interleukins in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Interleukins comprise a group of multifunctional cytokines that are produced by a variety of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells and whose effects occur at least partly within the lymphopoietic system. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:06:54Z EFO:0009412 interleukin 1 alpha measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001925 blood interleukin measurement CMO:0001925 Any measurement related to a morphological or physiological parameter, such as the amount or composition, of interleukins in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Interleukins comprise a group of multifunctional cytokines that are produced by a variety of lymphoid and nonlymphoid cells and whose effects occur at least partly within the lymphopoietic system. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:14:04Z interleukin-6 gene expression measurement interleukin-6 measurement EFO:0004810 EFO:0600070 clinical_measurement_ontology blood IL6 level CMO:0001926 blood interleukin-6 level CMO:0001926 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. RGD:1352582 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:16:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma IL6 level CMO:0001927 plasma interleukin-6 level CMO:0001927 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed RGD:1352582 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:16:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IL6 level CMO:0001928 serum interleukin-6 level CMO:0001928 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-6 (IL6) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. IL6 is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory and an anti-inflammatory cytokine with functions in inflammation and the maturation of B cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:1352582 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:34:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood MUG1 level CMO:0001929 blood murinoglobulin 1 level CMO:0001929 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. RGD:621366 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed UniProtKB:P28665 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:37:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood MUG1 level CMO:0001930 serum murinoglobulin 1 level CMO:0001930 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:621366 UniProtKB:P28665 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. JSmith 2013-11-26T11:37:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma MUG1 level CMO:0001931 plasma murinoglobulin 1 level CMO:0001931 Measurement of the amount of murinoglobulin 1 (MUG1) in plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. MUG1 is a putative protease inhibitor related to alpha-2-macroglobulin and involved in the acute phase inflammatory response. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed RGD:621366 UniProtKB:P28665 The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that survive and are alive at birth. JSmith 2013-11-26T12:01:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001932 number of live offspring per litter CMO:0001932 The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that survive and are alive at birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more lipids in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Lipids are any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. JSmith 2013-11-26T13:03:54Z MA:0000168 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001933 brain lipid measurement CMO:0001933 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more lipids in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Lipids are any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of brain. JSmith 2013-11-26T13:09:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001934 brain sterol level CMO:0001934 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of brain. JSmith 2013-11-26T13:11:46Z CHEBI:16113 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001935 brain cholesterol level CMO:0001935 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of brain. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. JSmith 2013-11-26T13:50:07Z CHEBI:26125 clinical_measurement_ontology brain plant sterol and stanol level CMO:0001936 brain phytosterol level CMO:0001936 The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of brain. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosterol The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of brain. JSmith 2013-11-26T13:59:22Z CHEBI:28623 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001937 brain campesterol level CMO:0001937 The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of brain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campesterol The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of brain. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:10:56Z CHEBI:27693 brain beta-sitosterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001938 brain sitosterol level CMO:0001938 The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of brain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitosterol The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of liver. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:14:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001939 liver sterol level CMO:0001939 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of liver. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of liver. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:18:02Z CHEBI:27693 liver beta-sitosterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001940 liver sitosterol level CMO:0001940 The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of liver. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitosterol The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of liver. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:18:02Z CHEBI:28623 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001941 liver campesterol level CMO:0001941 The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of liver. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campesterol The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of liver. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:18:02Z CHEBI:26125 clinical_measurement_ontology liver plant sterol and stanol level CMO:0001942 liver phytosterol level CMO:0001942 The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of liver. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosterol The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of plasma. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:30:32Z CHEBI:27693 plasma beta-sitosterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001943 plasma sitosterol level CMO:0001943 The amount of sitosterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C29H50O) with chemical structures similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of plasma. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitosterol The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of plasma. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:30:32Z CHEBI:28623 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001944 plasma campesterol level CMO:0001944 The amount of campesterol, a phytosterol (molecular formula C28H48O) whose chemical structure is similar to that of cholesterol, in a specified sample of plasma. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campesterol The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of plasma. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:30:32Z CHEBI:26125 clinical_measurement_ontology plasma plant sterol and stanol level CMO:0001945 plasma phytosterol level CMO:0001945 The amount of phytosterol(s) in a specified sample of plasma. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosterol Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the most distal portion of the foreleg of a quadruped, i.e., the segment of the foreleg upon which an individual stands and walks. JSmith 2013-11-26T14:55:49Z front feet morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology forepaw morphological measurement CMO:0001946 front foot morphological measurement CMO:0001946 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the most distal portion of the foreleg of a quadruped, i.e., the segment of the foreleg upon which an individual stands and walks. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Ennumeration of the bones of the toes, that is, the digits that form the most distal portion of the front foot of a quadruped. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:12:14Z front feet phalanges count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001947 front foot phalanges count CMO:0001947 Ennumeration of the bones of the toes, that is, the digits that form the most distal portion of the front foot of a quadruped. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the most distal portion of the hind leg of a quadruped, i.e., the segment of the hind leg upon which an individual stands and walks. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:17:34Z hind feet morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology hind paw morphological measurement CMO:0001948 hind foot morphological measurement CMO:0001948 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the most distal portion of the hind leg of a quadruped, i.e., the segment of the hind leg upon which an individual stands and walks. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Ennumeration of the bones of the toes, that is, the digits that form the most distal portion, of the hind foot of a quadruped. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:17:34Z hind feet phalanges count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001949 hind foot phalanges count CMO:0001949 Ennumeration of the bones of the toes, that is, the digits that form the most distal portion, of the hind foot of a quadruped. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A value or quantity determined by count of squamous cell carcinoma tumors of the tongue in which the diameter, the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor, measures at least 3 millimeters (3/1000ths of a meter). Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is comprised of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:24:51Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D014062 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue number of tumors with diameter greater than 3 mm clinical_measurement_ontology tongue SCC number of tumors with diameter greater than 3 mm CMO:0001950 number of squamous cell tumors of the tongue with diameter greater than 3 mm CMO:0001950 A value or quantity determined by count of squamous cell carcinoma tumors of the tongue in which the diameter, the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle circumscribing a single tumor, measures at least 3 millimeters (3/1000ths of a meter). Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is comprised of tumors arising in the tongue from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. The tongue is the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth; it is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of only one of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:36:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001951 calculated single kidney weight CMO:0001951 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of only one of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of both (the complete set of two) of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:39:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001952 calculated both kidneys weight CMO:0001952 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of both (the complete set of two) of the kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of only the single right kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. The right kidney is the organ which lies on the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:48:04Z individual right kidney wet weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001953 right kidney wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001953 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of only the single right kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. The right kidney is the organ which lies on the right side of the body from the perspective of the subject. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of only the left kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The left kidney is the organ which lies on the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject. JSmith 2013-11-26T15:48:07Z individual left kidney wet weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001954 left kidney wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0001954 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of only the left kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percent, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The left kidney is the organ which lies on the left side of the body from the perspective of the subject. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the value for the volume of blood delivered to and/or exiting from the kidneys per unit time is divided by the weight (heaviness or degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one or both kidneys, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-11-26T16:04:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001955 renal blood flow rate to kidney weight ratio CMO:0001955 A calculated measurement in which the value for the volume of blood delivered to and/or exiting from the kidneys per unit time is divided by the weight (heaviness or degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one or both kidneys, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_blood_flow The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. JSmith 2013-11-27T15:03:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood COMP level CMO:0001956 blood cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level CMO:0001956 The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. RGD:736605 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilage_oligomeric_matrix_protein The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2013-11-27T15:05:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum COMP level CMO:0001957 serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level CMO:0001957 The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:736605 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilage_oligomeric_matrix_protein The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2013-11-27T15:05:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma COMP level CMO:0001958 plasma cartilage oligomeric matrix protein level CMO:0001958 The amount of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a noncollagenous extracellular matrix protein that serves as a marker of cartilage turnover, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed RGD:736605 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilage_oligomeric_matrix_protein Any measurement of the action of defensive burying, the typical rodent behavior of displacing bedding material with vigorous treading-like movements of their forepaws and shoveling movements of their heads directed towards a noxious stimulus that appears to pose a near and immediate threat. JSmith 2013-11-27T15:17:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001959 defensive burying measurement CMO:0001959 Any measurement of the action of defensive burying, the typical rodent behavior of displacing bedding material with vigorous treading-like movements of their forepaws and shoveling movements of their heads directed towards a noxious stimulus that appears to pose a near and immediate threat. PMID:12600707 The number, i.e. the quantity determined by count, of separate instances of the experimental subject coming nearer in position to the source of an unpleasant, response-causing factor, such as an electric shock device, before that organism begins the activity of defensive burying. JSmith 2013-11-27T16:02:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001960 number of approaches toward negative stimulus before onset of defensive burying response CMO:0001960 The number, i.e. the quantity determined by count, of separate instances of the experimental subject coming nearer in position to the source of an unpleasant, response-causing factor, such as an electric shock device, before that organism begins the activity of defensive burying. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Measurement of the total length of experiment time that an animal spends in the activity of defensive burying. JSmith 2013-11-27T16:03:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001961 defensive burying duration CMO:0001961 Measurement of the total length of experiment time that an animal spends in the activity of defensive burying. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the length of time between the introduction of, or an experimental subject's first encounter with, a stimulus and commensement of the activity of defensive burying by that subject. JSmith 2013-11-27T16:04:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001962 post-insult time to onset of defensive burying response CMO:0001962 Measurement of the length of time between the introduction of, or an experimental subject's first encounter with, a stimulus and commensement of the activity of defensive burying by that subject. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by nonremodeling tumorous lesions in the liver. Nonremodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. JSmith 2013-11-27T16:17:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001963 volume of liver occupied by nonremodeling tumorous lesions CMO:0001963 Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by nonremodeling tumorous lesions in the liver. Nonremodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by remodeling tumorous lesions in the liver. Remodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. JSmith 2013-11-27T16:18:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001964 volume of liver occupied by remodeling tumorous lesions CMO:0001964 Measurement of the size of the total three dimensional space occupied by remodeling tumorous lesions in the liver. Remodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 A calculated measurement in which difference in the mean arterial blood pressure between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by difference in the logarithm of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus log of the vasoconstrictor dose [VC] graph, given by the equation (log[VC]2 - log[VC]1)/(MAP at [VC]2 - MAP at [VC]1). A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. JSmith 2013-12-02T10:53:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology change in MAP to change in log[vasoconstrictor] ratio CMO:0001965 change in mean arterial blood pressure to change in the logarithm of the vasoconstrictor dose ratio CMO:0001965 A calculated measurement in which difference in the mean arterial blood pressure between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by difference in the logarithm of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus log of the vasoconstrictor dose [VC] graph, given by the equation (log[VC]2 - log[VC]1)/(MAP at [VC]2 - MAP at [VC]1). A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle delineating the outer limits of a glomerulosclerotic lesion. JSmith 2013-12-02T11:03:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001966 kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion diameter CMO:0001966 Measurement of the length of a straight line passing through the center and connecting opposite points on the circumference of a circle delineating the outer limits of a glomerulosclerotic lesion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the diameter of kidney glomerular injury is divided by the value of the mean arterial blood pressure and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, for example to give an index of kidney damage relative to the level of hypertension. JSmith 2013-12-02T11:54:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001967 kidney glomerulosclerotic lesion diameter to mean arterial blood pressure ratio CMO:0001967 A calculated measurement in which the diameter of kidney glomerular injury is divided by the value of the mean arterial blood pressure and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, for example to give an index of kidney damage relative to the level of hypertension. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:14532335 A calculated measurement in which the volume of urine voided during a specified period of time is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2013-12-02T12:01:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001968 timed urine volume to body weight ratio CMO:0001968 A calculated measurement in which the volume of urine voided during a specified period of time is divided by the total weight or heaviness of the body, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of a function of or process in the brain, one of the two components of the central nervous system. The brain is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. It is also the seat of consciousness, thought, memory, and emotion. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:18:15Z EFO:0007849 MA:0000168 brain physiology measurement functional brain measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001969 brain physiological measurement CMO:0001969 Any quantification of a function of or process in the brain, one of the two components of the central nervous system. The brain is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. It is also the seat of consciousness, thought, memory, and emotion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the central nervous system, i.e., the brain and/or spinal cord. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:23:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CNS measurement CMO:0001970 central nervous system measurement CMO:0001970 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the central nervous system, i.e., the brain and/or spinal cord. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more of the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:40:17Z EFO:0006793 EFO:0010335 MA:0000818 left inferior lateral ventricle volume measurement third ventricle volume measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001971 brain ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0001971 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more of the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more brain ventricles, the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:41:16Z MA:0000818 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001972 brain ventricle measurement CMO:0001972 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more brain ventricles, the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of one or more of the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:44:04Z MA:0000818 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001973 calculated brain ventricle morphological measurement CMO:0001973 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of one or more of the cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the width, i.e., the linear extent from side to side, of one or more brain ventricles is divided by the width of the whole brain and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-12-02T13:44:55Z MA:0000818 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001974 brain ventricle width to brain width ratio CMO:0001974 A calculated measurement in which the width, i.e., the linear extent from side to side, of one or more brain ventricles is divided by the width of the whole brain and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the spinal cord, the thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the spinal column and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:03:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001975 spinal cord measurement CMO:0001975 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the spinal cord, the thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the spinal column and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the spinal cord, the thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the spinal column and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:12:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001976 spinal cord morphological measurement CMO:0001976 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the spinal cord, the thick, whitish cord of nerve tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata down through the spinal column and from which the spinal nerves branch off to various parts of the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:12:57Z spinal cord anterior column morphological measurement spinal cord anterior horn morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001977 spinal cord ventral horn morphological measurement CMO:0001977 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a plane through the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:13:58Z spinal cord anterior column area spinal cord anterior horn area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001978 spinal cord ventral horn area CMO:0001978 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a plane through the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the two-dimensional extent of a plane through the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:15:11Z calculated spinal cord anterior column area measurement calculated spinal cord anterior horn area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001979 calculated spinal cord ventral horn area measurement CMO:0001979 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the two-dimensional extent of a plane through the spinal cord ventral horn, one of the hornlike projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value representing the area of the spinal cord vental horn that demonstrates histological staining for the MHC Class II RT1A molecule is divided by value representing the total area of the spinal cord ventral horn, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. MHC Class II RT1A is a class II major histocompatibility complex protein that is involved in antigen presentation and has been implicated in allograft rejection and autoimmunity. JSmith 2013-12-02T14:38:34Z area of spinal cord ventral horn stained for MHC Class II RT1A to total area of spinal cord ventral horn ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001980 MHC Class II RT1A-positive spinal cord ventral horn area to total spinal cord ventral horn area ratio CMO:0001980 A calculated measurement in which the value representing the area of the spinal cord vental horn that demonstrates histological staining for the MHC Class II RT1A molecule is divided by value representing the total area of the spinal cord ventral horn, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. MHC Class II RT1A is a class II major histocompatibility complex protein that is involved in antigen presentation and has been implicated in allograft rejection and autoimmunity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:1595923 RGD:1595924 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. JSmith 2013-12-02T16:36:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001981 spinal cord molecular composition measurement CMO:0001981 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 Any quantification of one or more of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules of the spinal cord. MHC class II is a group of proteins that are involved in antigen presentation and self recognition, and have been implicated in allograft rejection and autoimmunity. JSmith 2013-12-02T17:06:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0001982 spinal cord MHC class II protein measurement CMO:0001982 Any quantification of one or more of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules of the spinal cord. MHC class II is a group of proteins that are involved in antigen presentation and self recognition, and have been implicated in allograft rejection and autoimmunity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_histocompatibility_complex The number of motor neurons (efferent neurons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, or other effector tissues) in a specified sample. JSmith 2013-12-02T17:33:48Z motoneuron count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001983 motor neuron count CMO:0001983 The number of motor neurons (efferent neurons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, or other effector tissues) in a specified sample. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cells of the nervous system. JSmith 2013-12-02T17:36:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001984 nervous system cell measurement CMO:0001984 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cells of the nervous system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of motor neurons (efferent neurons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, or other effector tissues) in a specified sample. JSmith 2013-12-02T17:48:18Z calculated motoneuron count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001985 calculated motor neuron count CMO:0001985 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of motor neurons (efferent neurons that convey impulses from the central nervous system to muscles, glands, or other effector tissues) in a specified sample. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the total number of motor neurons found on the damaged side of the spinal cord is divided by total number of motor neurons found on the undamaged side of the spinal cord and presented as the base 10 logarithm of the resulting value. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. JSmith 2013-12-02T18:06:00Z logarithm of the lesioned side motoneuron count to non-lesioned side motoneuron count ratio logarithm of the lesioned side motor neuron count to contralateral side motor neuron count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology Log(lesioned side motor neuron count/non-lesioned side count) CMO:0001986 logarithm of the ratio of the lesioned side motor neuron count to contralateral side motor neuron count CMO:0001986 A calculated measurement in which the total number of motor neurons found on the damaged side of the spinal cord is divided by total number of motor neurons found on the undamaged side of the spinal cord and presented as the base 10 logarithm of the resulting value. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of a function of or process in the central nervous system, i.e. the brain and/or spinal cord. JSmith 2013-12-02T18:18:12Z central nervous system physiology measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001987 central nervous system physiological measurement CMO:0001987 Any quantification of a function of or process in the central nervous system, i.e. the brain and/or spinal cord. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. JSmith 2013-12-02T18:30:31Z brain spike-wave discharge severity grade clinical_measurement_ontology brain SWD severity grade brain spike-wave activity severity grade CMO:0001988 brain spike-and-wave discharge severity grade CMO:0001988 A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. PMID:15030491 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike_and_Wave A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. JSmith 2013-12-03T10:41:58Z calculated CD8(+) cell count calculated CD8+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated Ts/c cell count calculated cytotoxic T cell count calculated suppressor T cell count CMO:0001989 calculated blood CD8 cell count CMO:0001989 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified volume of whole blood. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 ISBN:978-0323057479 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2013-12-03T11:30:34Z blood CD45RChigh CD8 T cell count to CD45RClow CD8 T cell count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001990 blood CD45RC(high) CD8 T cell count to CD45RC(low) CD8 T cell count ratio CMO:0001990 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the total number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2013-12-03T11:31:45Z blood CD45RClow CD8 T cell count to total CD8 T cell count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001991 blood CD45RC(low) CD8 T cell count to total CD8 T cell count ratio CMO:0001991 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the total number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 The number of new cases of experimental diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental DM is diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. JSmith 2013-12-03T11:39:34Z MESH:D003921 clinical_measurement_ontology experimental diabetes mellitus incidence CMO:0001992 percentage of study population developing experimental diabetes mellitus during a period of time CMO:0001992 The number of new cases of experimental diabetes mellitus appearing in a study population during a specified period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental DM is diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental diabetes mellitus at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental DM is diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. JSmith 2013-12-03T11:44:57Z MESH:D003921 clinical_measurement_ontology experimental diabetes mellitus prevalence CMO:0001993 percentage of study population displaying experimental diabetes mellitus at a point in time CMO:0001993 The number of individuals in a study population which display experimental diabetes mellitus at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Experimental DM is diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of experimental diabetes mellitus, diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. JSmith 2013-12-03T17:06:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology latency of experimental diabetes mellitus CMO:0001994 post-insult time to onset of experimental diabetes mellitus CMO:0001994 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of experimental diabetes mellitus, diabetes induced experimentally by administration of various diabetogenic agents or by removal of all or part of the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 MESH:D003921 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. JSmith 2013-12-03T17:09:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology latency of induced type 2 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001995 post-insult time to onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001995 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). T2DM is a form of diabetes often, although not universally, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia(s) and cardiovascular symptoms such as hypertension. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_2 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. JSmith 2013-12-03T17:09:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology latency of induced type 1 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001996 post-insult time to onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus CMO:0001996 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). T1DM is a form of diabetes mellitus which results from the autoimmune destruction of beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. JSmith 2013-12-03T17:32:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001997 blood vessel morphological measurement CMO:0001997 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more blood vessels, the network of muscular tubes that carry blood through the body. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of the aorta, the layered tissue which encloses and constitutes the structural component of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:01:02Z aortic wall molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001998 aorta wall molecular composition measurement CMO:0001998 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of the aorta, the layered tissue which encloses and constitutes the structural component of the great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount of elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall tissue. Elastin is an elastic, fibrous mucoprotein, similar to collagen, and the major connective tissue protein of elastic fibers, such as those in arterial walls. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:08:51Z aortic wall elastin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0001999 aorta wall extracellular elastin level CMO:0001999 The amount of elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall tissue. Elastin is an elastic, fibrous mucoprotein, similar to collagen, and the major connective tissue protein of elastic fibers, such as those in arterial walls. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of collagen in a specified sample of aorta wall tissue. Collagen refers to any of a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:13:06Z aortic wall collagen level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002000 aorta wall extracellular collagen level CMO:0002000 The amount of collagen in a specified sample of aorta wall tissue. Collagen refers to any of a family of extracellular, closely related proteins occurring as a major component of connective tissue, giving it strength and flexibility. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of the aorta. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:14:39Z calculated aortic wall molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002001 calculated aorta wall molecular composition measurement CMO:0002001 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of the aorta. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall is divided by the total weight after dessication of that sample of aorta wall, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:21:20Z aortic wall elastin dry weight to total aortic wall dry weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002002 aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall dry weight ratio CMO:0002002 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall is divided by the total weight after dessication of that sample of aorta wall, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall is divided by the weight of extracellular collagen in that sample of aorta wall, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2013-12-03T18:29:26Z aortic wall elastin dry weight to aortic wall collagen weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002003 aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta wall extracellular collagen weight ratio CMO:0002003 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of aorta wall is divided by the weight of extracellular collagen in that sample of aorta wall, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The total amount of protein extracted from within the cells of the aortic wall in a specified sample of aorta. Protein is any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages. JSmith 2013-12-04T10:31:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology aorta cellular protein level aorta wall total intracellular protein level CMO:0002004 aorta wall intracellular protein level CMO:0002004 The total amount of protein extracted from within the cells of the aortic wall in a specified sample of aorta. Protein is any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing or otherwise toxic stimulus and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. JSmith 2013-12-06T17:25:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002005 post-insult time of death CMO:0002005 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing or otherwise toxic stimulus and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the oral cavity, i.e. the mouth, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2013-12-06T17:33:32Z MESH:D009062 clinical_measurement_ontology squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth measurement CMO:0002006 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity measurement CMO:0002006 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter related to tumors arising in the oral cavity, i.e. the mouth, from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the mouth from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. JSmith 2013-12-06T17:38:22Z MESH:D002294 MESH:D009062 clinical_measurement_ontology squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth tumor number CMO:0002007 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity tumor number CMO:0002007 A value or quantity determined by count of tumors arising in the mouth from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells of the epithelium, or of cells showing the particular cytological characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles, or desmosomes, structures involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the pyometritis disease state, i.e. a suppurative inflammation of the uterus, causes pain or damage, or interfers with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. JSmith 2013-12-06T17:56:54Z RDO:9000032 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002008 pyometritis severity measurement CMO:0002008 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the pyometritis disease state, i.e. a suppurative inflammation of the uterus, causes pain or damage, or interfers with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A rating, usually expressed numerically and based on the degree to which certain qualities or conditions are present, of the degree to which the presentation of the pyometritis disease state, i.e. a suppurative inflammation of the uterus, causes pain or damage, or interfers with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. JSmith 2013-12-06T17:59:19Z RDO:9000032 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002009 pyometritis severity score CMO:0002009 A rating, usually expressed numerically and based on the degree to which certain qualities or conditions are present, of the degree to which the presentation of the pyometritis disease state, i.e. a suppurative inflammation of the uterus, causes pain or damage, or interfers with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pyometritis at a point in time or develop pyometritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. JSmith 2013-12-06T18:01:36Z RDO:9000032 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002010 pyometritis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002010 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pyometritis at a point in time or develop pyometritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pyometritis at a specified point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. JSmith 2013-12-06T18:02:59Z RDO:9000032 clinical_measurement_ontology pyometritis prevalence CMO:0002011 percentage of study population displaying pyometritis at a point in time CMO:0002011 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display pyometritis at a specified point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop pyometritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. JSmith 2013-12-06T18:03:03Z RDO:9000032 clinical_measurement_ontology pyometritis incidence CMO:0002012 percentage of study population developing pyometritis during a period of time CMO:0002012 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop pyometritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Pyometritis is a suppurative inflammation of the uterus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of one or more tumors arising from cells or tissues of the nervous system, the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:45:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002013 nervous system tumor measurement CMO:0002013 Any measurement of one or more tumors arising from cells or tissues of the nervous system, the organ system which, along with the endocrine system, correlates the adjustments and reactions of the organism to its internal and external environment via transmission of information, in the form of electrochemical impulses, throughout the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display neurilemmoma at a point in time or develop neurilemmoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in a myelin nerve sheath and arising from Schwann cells. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:47:22Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology MPNST incidence/prevalence measurement malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002014 neurilemmoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002014 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display neurilemmoma at a point in time or develop neurilemmoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in a myelin nerve sheath and arising from Schwann cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma at a point in time or develop trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:48:27Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology trigeminal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor incidence/prevalence measurement trigeminal nerve MPNST incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002015 trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002015 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma at a point in time or develop trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:50:56Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology percentage of study population displaying trigeminal nerve MPNST at a point in time percentage of study population displaying trigeminal nerve malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors at a point in time trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma prevalence CMO:0002016 percentage of study population displaying trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas at a point in time CMO:0002016 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:51:02Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology percentage of study population developing trigeminal nerve MPNST during a period of time percentage of study population developing trigeminal nerve malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors during a period of time trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma incidence CMO:0002017 percentage of study population developing trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas during a period of time CMO:0002017 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma is a tumor originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of neurilemmomas, or to the official determination of neurilemmomas as the cause of the observed symptom(s). A neurilemmoma is a tumor originating from Schwann cells in a myelin nerve sheath. JSmith 2013-12-09T18:59:01Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology MPNST onset/diagnosis measurement malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002018 neurilemmoma onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002018 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of neurilemmomas, or to the official determination of neurilemmomas as the cause of the observed symptom(s). A neurilemmoma is a tumor originating from Schwann cells in a myelin nerve sheath. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas - tumors originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. JSmith 2013-12-09T19:00:48Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology post-insult time to trigeminal nerve MPNST formation post-insult time to trigeminal nerve malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor formation post-insult time to trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma onset CMO:0002019 post-insult time to trigeminal nerve neurilemmoma formation CMO:0002019 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a disease-producing stimulus and the observation of trigeminal nerve neurilemmomas - tumors originating in the myelin sheath of the trigeminal nerve, either of the fifth pair of cranial nerves which function as the chief sensory nerves of the face and the motor nerves of the muscles of mastication. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any quantification related to neurilemmoma, a tumor originating in a myelin nerve sheath and arising from Schwann cells. JSmith 2013-12-09T19:09:46Z MESH:D009442 clinical_measurement_ontology MPNST measurement malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor measurement CMO:0002020 neurilemmoma measurement CMO:0002020 Any quantification related to neurilemmoma, a tumor originating in a myelin nerve sheath and arising from Schwann cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwannoma Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the trichinosis disease state, i.e. infection with nematode worms of the Trichinella genus (including Trichinella spiralis, the traditional etiological agent), has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which the parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. JSMITH 2013-12-16T16:30:07Z RDO:0006739 Trichinella infection severity trichinellosis severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002021 trichinosis severity measurement CMO:0002021 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the trichinosis disease state, i.e. infection with nematode worms of the Trichinella genus (including Trichinella spiralis, the traditional etiological agent), has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which the parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of the trichinosis disease state, i.e. infection with nematode worms of the Trichinella genus (including Trichinella spiralis, the traditional etiological agent), has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which the parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. JSMITH 2013-12-16T16:51:26Z RDO:0006739 calculated Trichinella infection severity calculated trichinellosis severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002022 calculated trichinosis severity measurement CMO:0002022 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the degree to which the presentation of the trichinosis disease state, i.e. infection with nematode worms of the Trichinella genus (including Trichinella spiralis, the traditional etiological agent), has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which the parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the total number of adult, that is, fully developed, Trichinella spiralis nematode worms recovered from a specified sample of small intestine from an infected subject. JSMITH 2013-12-16T16:54:26Z RDO:0006739 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002023 intestinal adult Trichinella spiralis count CMO:0002023 Measurement of the total number of adult, that is, fully developed, Trichinella spiralis nematode worms recovered from a specified sample of small intestine from an infected subject. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A calculated value representing the base ten logarithm of the total number of adult Trichinella spiralis nematode worms recovered from a specified sample of small intestine from an infected subject. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. JSMITH 2013-12-16T16:58:16Z RDO:0006739 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002024 logarithm of the intestinal adult Trichinella spiralis count CMO:0002024 A calculated value representing the base ten logarithm of the total number of adult Trichinella spiralis nematode worms recovered from a specified sample of small intestine from an infected subject. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified infection at a point in time or develop a specified infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. An infection is invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:10:58Z EFO:0008422 clinical_measurement_ontology infectious disease incidence/prevalence measurement susceptibility to infectious disease measurement CMO:0002025 infection incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002025 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified infection at a point in time or develop a specified infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. An infection is invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified parasitic infection at a point in time or develop a specified parasitic infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A parasitic infection is invasion and multiplication of parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:11:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002026 parasitic infection incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002026 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified parasitic infection at a point in time or develop a specified parasitic infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A parasitic infection is invasion and multiplication of parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display an infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii at a point in time or develop an infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:25:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology toxoplasmosis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002027 Toxoplasma gondii infection incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002027 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display an infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii at a point in time or develop an infection with the parasite Toxoplasma gondii within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts, small capsulelike sacs enclosing colonies of Toxoplasma gondii in the brain, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:26:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology Toxoplasma gondii brain cyst prevalence toxoplasmosis prevalence CMO:0002028 percentage of study population displaying Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts at a point in time CMO:0002028 The number of individuals in a study population which display Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts, small capsulelike sacs enclosing colonies of Toxoplasma gondii in the brain, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts, small capsulelike sacs enclosing colonies of Toxoplasma gondii in the brain, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:27:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology Toxoplasma gondii brain cyst incidence toxoplasmosis incidence CMO:0002029 percentage of study population developing Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts during a period of time CMO:0002029 The number of new cases of Toxoplasma gondii brain cysts, small capsulelike sacs enclosing colonies of Toxoplasma gondii in the brain, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Toxoplasma gondii is a sporozoan species that is an intracellular parasite in a variety of vertebrates and is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:50:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002030 plasma anti-toxoplasma antibody titer CMO:0002030 The amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of serum (the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed) expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. JSMITH 2013-12-16T17:56:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002031 serum anti-toxoplasma antibody titer CMO:0002031 The amount of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in a specified sample of serum (the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed) expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. An anti-toxoplasma antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in the parasite toxoplasma, a genus of sporozoa the only species of which is Toxoplasma gondii that are intracellular parasites of many organs and tissues of birds and mammals, including humans. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. An antigen is a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response, including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The number of new cases of unilateral left-sided renal agenesis, the failure to develop the left kidney, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSMITH 2013-12-16T18:06:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology unilateral left-sided renal agenesis incidence CMO:0002032 percentage of study population developing unilateral left-sided renal agenesis during a period of time CMO:0002032 The number of new cases of unilateral left-sided renal agenesis, the failure to develop the left kidney, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which display unilateral left-sided renal agenesis, the failure to develop the left kidney, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSMITH 2013-12-16T18:10:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology unilateral left-sided renal agenesis prevalence CMO:0002033 percentage of study population displaying unilateral left-sided renal agenesis at a point in time CMO:0002033 The number of individuals in a study population which display unilateral left-sided renal agenesis, the failure to develop the left kidney, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The difference in blood glucose level area under curve (blood glucose AUC) between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Blood glucose AUC is a calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. JSmith 2014-01-06T10:10:55Z glucose change measurement EFO:0020881 clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in glucose AUC CMO:0002034 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in blood glucose level area under curve CMO:0002034 The difference in blood glucose level area under curve (blood glucose AUC) between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Blood glucose AUC is a calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F The difference in mean arterial blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage (the proportion or rate per hundred parts). JSmith 2014-01-07T16:35:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002035 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. percent change in mean arterial blood pressure CMO:0002035 The difference in mean arterial blood pressure between two points in time or two conditions expressed as a percentage (the proportion or rate per hundred parts). Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary PMID:17420333 Average slope of the line defined by the change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. JSmith 2014-01-07T16:51:06Z baroreceptor reflex sensitivity change in HR to change in MAP ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002036 change in heart rate to change in mean arterial blood pressure ratio CMO:0002036 Average slope of the line defined by the change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary PMID:17420333 Maximum, largest or steepest slope of the line defined by the change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. JSmith 2014-01-07T16:53:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002037 maximum change in heart rate to change in mean arterial blood pressure ratio CMO:0002037 Maximum, largest or steepest slope of the line defined by the change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary PMID:17420333 The difference in serum insulin level between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-07T18:02:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002038 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in serum insulin level CMO:0002038 The difference in serum insulin level between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. JSmith 2014-01-07T18:22:18Z Not4Curation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002039 calculated serum triglyceride level CMO:0002039 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of serum is multiplied by the value for the level of glucose in a corresponding sample of blood from the same individual at the same point in time and/or under the same conditions. JSmith 2014-01-08T16:46:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002040 serum insulin level times blood glucose level CMO:0002040 A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of serum is multiplied by the value for the level of glucose in a corresponding sample of blood from the same individual at the same point in time and/or under the same conditions. PMID:15728334 RGD:JRS The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-01-08T16:54:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002041 serum uric acid level CMO:0002041 The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-01-08T16:54:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002042 plasma uric acid level CMO:0002042 The amount of uric acid, a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen,the end product of purine catabolism, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org A qualitative or semi-quatitative assessment of the likelihood of developing stomach tumors over time, based on the occurrence of such tumors in idividual subjects grouped by age. JSmith 2014-01-23T16:21:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002043 stomach tumor susceptibility score CMO:0002043 A qualitative or semi-quatitative assessment of the likelihood of developing stomach tumors over time, based on the occurrence of such tumors in idividual subjects grouped by age. PMID:10706129 The difference in the entire weight of the body of an organism between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-23T16:27:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002044 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in body weight CMO:0002044 The difference in the entire weight of the body of an organism between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any measurement of the alteration(s) in body weight over time. JSmith 2014-01-23T16:30:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002045 change in body weight CMO:0002045 Any measurement of the alteration(s) in body weight over time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the psychophysiological phenomena such as involuntary motor and autonomic reactions, evidenced by an individual in reaction to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. JSmith 2014-01-23T16:48:36Z calculated acoustic startle reaction measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002046 calculated acoustic startle response measurement CMO:0002046 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the psychophysiological phenomena such as involuntary motor and autonomic reactions, evidenced by an individual in reaction to a sudden, unexpected and usually loud noise. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurment of the neurological phenomenon in which a weaker prestimulus (prepulse) inhibits the reaction of an organism to a subsequent strong startling stimulus (pulse), that is, a measurement of the reduction in the amplitude of the startle movement caused by an acoustic stimulus/insult following a prepulse. JSmith 2014-01-23T16:50:56Z measurement of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reaction clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002047 measurement of prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response CMO:0002047 A measurment of the neurological phenomenon in which a weaker prestimulus (prepulse) inhibits the reaction of an organism to a subsequent strong startling stimulus (pulse), that is, a measurement of the reduction in the amplitude of the startle movement caused by an acoustic stimulus/insult following a prepulse. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prepulse_Inhibition The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-01-23T17:03:36Z sterol measurement EFO:0010231 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002048 blood sterol level CMO:0002048 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-01-23T17:04:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002049 serum sterol level CMO:0002049 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-01-23T17:04:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002050 plasma sterol level CMO:0002050 The amount of sterol, any of a group of steroids with a long (8 to 10 carbons) aliphatic side-chain at position 17 and at least one alcoholic group, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of one or more phytosterols in a specified sample of blood. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. JSmith 2014-01-23T17:10:08Z phytosterol measurement EFO:0004862 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002051 blood phytosterol level CMO:0002051 The amount of one or more phytosterols in a specified sample of blood. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosterol The amount of one or more phytosterols in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. JSmith 2014-01-23T17:11:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002052 serum phytosterol level CMO:0002052 The amount of one or more phytosterols in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Phytosterols, which encompass both plant sterols and stanols, comprise a large group of steroid compounds similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytosterol Measurement of the average duration of a single set of spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a spike and wave discharge episode lasts. JSmith 2014-01-23T18:31:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology average brain spike-and-wave discharge duration mean brain spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0002053 mean duration of a single spike-and-wave discharge train CMO:0002053 Measurement of the average duration of a single set of spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a spike and wave discharge episode lasts. PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T18:58:07Z brain type II spike-wave discharge amplitude clinical_measurement_ontology brain type II SWD amplitude brain type II spike-wave activity amplitude CMO:0002054 brain type II spike-and-wave discharge amplitude CMO:0002054 Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l2a.cfm#amplitude Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T18:51:19Z brain type I spike-wave discharge amplitude clinical_measurement_ontology brain type I SWD amplitude brain type I spike-wave activity amplitude CMO:0002055 brain type I spike-and-wave discharge amplitude CMO:0002055 Measurement of the maximum deviation from the baseline position of the electrical signal during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/waves/u10l2a.cfm#amplitude Measurement of the number of individual type I spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:02:02Z brain type I spike-wave discharge frequency clinical_measurement_ontology brain type I SWD frequency brain type I spike-wave activity frequency CMO:0002056 brain type I spike-and-wave discharge frequency CMO:0002056 Measurement of the number of individual type I spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.biogetic.com/research.html Measurement of the number of individual type II spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:04:49Z brain type II spike-wave discharge frequency clinical_measurement_ontology brain type II SWD frequency brain type II spike-wave activity frequency CMO:0002057 brain type II spike-and-wave discharge frequency CMO:0002057 Measurement of the number of individual type II spike-and-wave discharge cycles occurring per second. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.biogetic.com/research.html Measurement of the number of periods of type I spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:07:51Z brain type I spike-wave discharge rate clinical_measurement_ontology brain type I SWD rate brain type I spike-wave activity rate CMO:0002058 brain type I spike-and-wave discharge rate CMO:0002058 Measurement of the number of periods of type I spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm Measurement of the number of periods of type II spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:10:13Z brain type II spike-wave discharge rate clinical_measurement_ontology brain type II SWD rate brain type II spike-wave activity rate CMO:0002059 brain type II spike-and-wave discharge rate CMO:0002059 Measurement of the number of periods of type II spike-and-wave discharges occurring per unit of time. A spike-and-wave discharge is a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of type I spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:12:14Z brain type I spike-wave discharge severity grade clinical_measurement_ontology brain type I SWD severity grade brain type I spike-wave activity severity grade CMO:0002060 brain type I spike-and-wave discharge severity grade CMO:0002060 A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of type I spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. PMID:15030491 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike_and_Wave A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of type II spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:14:07Z brain type II spike-wave discharge severity grade clinical_measurement_ontology brain type II SWD severity grade brain type II spike-wave activity severity grade CMO:0002061 brain type II spike-and-wave discharge severity grade CMO:0002061 A measurement based on scoring the severity, for example on a scale of 0-4, of type II spike and wave discharges, a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. PMID:15030491 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike_and_Wave Measurement of the cumulated duration of type I spike and wave discharges occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharge episodes in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:16:10Z brain total type I spike-wave discharge duration clinical_measurement_ontology brain total type I SWD duration brain total type I spike-wave activity duration total experimental time spent in type I spike-and-wave discharges CMO:0002062 brain total type I spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0002062 Measurement of the cumulated duration of type I spike and wave discharges occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharge episodes in the brain. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm Measurement of the cumulated duration of type II spike and wave discharges occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharge episodes in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:19:59Z brain total type II spike-wave discharge duration clinical_measurement_ontology brain total type II SWD duration brain total type II spike-wave activity duration total experimental time spent in type II spike-and-wave discharges CMO:0002063 brain total type II spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0002063 Measurement of the cumulated duration of type II spike and wave discharges occurring per unit of time during a series of regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharge episodes in the brain. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy/Diagnosis/examandtests/eeg.cfm Measurement of the average duration of a single set of type I spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a type I spike and wave discharge episode lasts. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:21:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology average brain type I spike-and-wave discharge duration mean brain type I spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0002064 mean duration of a single type I spike-and-wave discharge train CMO:0002064 Measurement of the average duration of a single set of type I spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a type I spike and wave discharge episode lasts. Type I is characterized by immediate, bilaterally symmetric discharges, generalized over the cortex, lasting longer than type II, and displaying an upward polarity in the spikes. PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave Measurement of the average duration of a single set of type II spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a type II spike and wave discharge episode lasts. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. JSmith 2014-01-23T19:23:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology average brain type II spike-and-wave discharge duration mean brain type II spike-and-wave discharge duration CMO:0002065 mean duration of a single type II spike-and-wave discharge train CMO:0002065 Measurement of the average duration of a single set of type II spike and wave discharges, regular, symmetrical, generalized abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, in a series of episodes separated by normal brain activity, i.e. the average length of time which a type II spike and wave discharge episode lasts. Type II is characterized by local occipital-parietal discharges that are shorter and have less clear waves than spike-wave discharge type I and display an downward polarity in the spikes. PMID:15270755 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spike-and-wave Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. JSmith 2014-01-24T15:12:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002066 brain molecular composition measurement CMO:0002066 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a specified tissue or set of tissues. JSmith 2014-01-24T15:13:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002067 tissue molecular composition measurement CMO:0002067 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a specified tissue or set of tissues. Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A measurement of the amount of neurotensin receptor 1, the high afffinity G-protein coupled receptor of the neuropeptide hormone neurotensin, in a specified sample of brain expressed relative to the weight of total protein in that sample. JSmith 2014-01-24T15:23:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology brain neurotensin receptor 1 level per unit mass of protein CMO:0002068 brain neurotensin receptor 1 density CMO:0002068 A measurement of the amount of neurotensin receptor 1, the high afffinity G-protein coupled receptor of the neuropeptide hormone neurotensin, in a specified sample of brain expressed relative to the weight of total protein in that sample. PMID:15608595 RGD:1314483 The fat found attached to the underside of the skin in the abdominal area, in mammals between the thorax (i.e., the diaphram) and the pelvis. JSmith 2014-01-24T15:40:16Z abdominal hypodermal fat weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002069 abdominal subcutaneous fat pad weight CMO:0002069 The fat found attached to the underside of the skin in the abdominal area, in mammals between the thorax (i.e., the diaphram) and the pelvis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the value for the creatinine clearance is divided by the total weight of both kidneys (the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes) and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:23:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002070 creatinine clearance to total kidney weight ratio CMO:0002070 A calculated measurement in which the value for the creatinine clearance is divided by the total weight of both kidneys (the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes) and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:33:57Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma incidence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal cancer incidence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm incidence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumor incidence CMO:0002071 percentage of study population developing poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors during a period of time CMO:0002071 The number of new cases of poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of new cases of well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:34:10Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology well differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma incidence well differentiated malignant colorectal cancer incidence well differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm incidence well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor incidence CMO:0002072 percentage of study population developing well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors during a period of time CMO:0002072 The number of new cases of well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:50:24Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology well differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma prevalence well differentiated malignant colorectal cancer prevalence well differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm prevalence well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor prevalence CMO:0002073 percentage of study population displaying well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a point in time CMO:0002073 The number of individuals in a study population which display well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:50:29Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma prevalence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal cancer prevalence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm prevalence poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumor prevalence CMO:0002074 percentage of study population displaying poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a point in time CMO:0002074 The number of individuals in a study population which display poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors are abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:56:34Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology well differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma number well differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm number CMO:0002075 well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor number CMO:0002075 A value or quantity determined by count of well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T16:56:39Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma number poorly differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm number CMO:0002076 poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumor number CMO:0002076 A value or quantity determined by count of poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T17:01:51Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology well differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma surface area measurement well differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm surface area measurement CMO:0002077 well differentiated malignant colorectal tumor surface area measurement CMO:0002077 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more well differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, but which also display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. JSmith 2014-01-24T17:01:54Z MESH:D015179 RDO:9000031 clinical_measurement_ontology poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma surface area measurement poorly differentiated malignant colorectal neoplasm surface area measurement CMO:0002078 poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumor surface area measurement CMO:0002078 A measurement of the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect of one or more poorly differentiated malignant colorectal tumors, abnormal growths of tissue in the large intestine resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis, and do not display specific physical forms, physiologic functions, and chemical properties characteristic of the tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The heaviness or degree to which the entire body of an organism at the point of or shortly after birth is drawn to the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-01-24T17:56:14Z EFO:0004344 body weight of neonate birth weight clinical_measurement_ontology body weight of newly born offspring CMO:0002079 neonatal body weight CMO:0002079 The heaviness or degree to which the entire body of an organism at the point of or shortly after birth is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The heaviness or degree to which the entire body of a fetus is drawn to the earth by gravity. A fetus is the unborn young of a viviparous vertebrate in the postembryonic period, after major anatomical structures have been outlined. JSmith 2014-01-24T18:08:06Z body weight of fetus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002080 fetal body weight CMO:0002080 The heaviness or degree to which the entire body of a fetus is drawn to the earth by gravity. A fetus is the unborn young of a viviparous vertebrate in the postembryonic period, after major anatomical structures have been outlined. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the direct progeny of a parent or parents. JSmith 2014-01-24T18:12:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002081 offspring morphological measurement CMO:0002081 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the direct progeny of a parent or parents. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the unborn young of a viviparous vertebrate in the postembryonic period, after major anatomical structures have been outlined. JSmith 2014-01-24T18:14:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002082 fetus morphological measurement CMO:0002082 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the unborn young of a viviparous vertebrate in the postembryonic period, after major anatomical structures have been outlined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of an organism at the point of or shortly after birth. JSmith 2014-01-24T18:14:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002083 neonate morphological measurement CMO:0002083 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of an organism at the point of or shortly after birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of an organ which is part of the complex of female gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:21:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002084 female reproductive organ measurement CMO:0002084 Any measurement of an organ which is part of the complex of female gonads, associated ducts, and external genitalia concerned with sexual reproduction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the placenta, the membranous vascular organ in female mammals that permits metabolic interchange between fetus and mother. It develops during pregnancy from the chorion of the embryo and the decidua basalis of the maternal uterus and is expelled following birth. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:22:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002085 placenta measurement CMO:0002085 Any measurement of the placenta, the membranous vascular organ in female mammals that permits metabolic interchange between fetus and mother. It develops during pregnancy from the chorion of the embryo and the decidua basalis of the maternal uterus and is expelled following birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the placenta, the membranous vascular organ in female mammals that permits metabolic interchange between fetus and mother. It develops during pregnancy from the chorion of the embryo and the decidua basalis of the maternal uterus and is expelled following birth. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:23:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002086 placenta morphological measurement CMO:0002086 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the placenta, the membranous vascular organ in female mammals that permits metabolic interchange between fetus and mother. It develops during pregnancy from the chorion of the embryo and the decidua basalis of the maternal uterus and is expelled following birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:26:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002087 placenta weight CMO:0002087 The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:28:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002088 placenta wet weight CMO:0002088 The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured after removal from the body but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured after desiccation. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:29:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002089 placenta dry weight CMO:0002089 The heaviness of the placenta, that is, the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured after desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The heaviness of the placenta, i.e., the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured on the 21st day after insemination. JSmith 2014-01-24T19:29:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002090 placenta weight at gestational day 20 CMO:0002090 The heaviness of the placenta, i.e., the degree to which it is drawn to the earth by gravity, measured on the 21st day after insemination. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:0-12-426400-X ISBN:978-1416049982 Krinke:The_Laboratory_Rat The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:14:05Z immunoglobulin G measurement EFO:0020465 blood IgG level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002091 blood immunoglobulin G level CMO:0002091 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:15:55Z immunoglobulin M measurement EFO:0020466 blood IgM level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002092 blood immunoglobulin M level CMO:0002092 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:17:08Z immunoglobulin D measurement EFO:0020463 blood IgD level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002093 blood immunoglobulin D level CMO:0002093 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:19:02Z blood IgA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002094 blood immunoglobulin A level CMO:0002094 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:21:14Z EFO:0004912 serum IgA level serum IgA measurement serum total IgA level serum total immunoglobulin A level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002095 serum immunoglobulin A level CMO:0002095 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:21:17Z plasma IgA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002096 plasma immunoglobulin A level CMO:0002096 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin A (IgA), one of the most prevalent of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgA is found in all secretions of the body and is the major antibody in the tears, saliva, and mucous membranes lining the intestines and bronchi, constituting an important factor in mucosal immunity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:25:01Z serum IgD level serum total IgD level serum total immunoglobulin D level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002097 serum immunoglobulin D level CMO:0002097 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:25:04Z plasma IgD level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002098 plasma immunoglobulin D level CMO:0002098 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin D (IgD), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgD is found in small amounts in serum, and although its precise function is not known, IgD increases in quantity during allergic reactions to milk, insulin, penicillin, and various toxins. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:27:11Z immunoglobulin E measurement EFO:0020464 blood IgE level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002099 blood immunoglobulin E level CMO:0002099 The amount in a specified sample of blood of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:29:38Z plasma IgE level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002100 plasma immunoglobulin E level CMO:0002100 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:30:14Z CMO:0001542 EFO:0004579 serum IgE level serum IgE measurement serum total IgE level serum total immunoglobulin E level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002101 serum immunoglobulin E level CMO:0002101 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin E (IgE), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body which is concentrated in the lungs, skin, and mucous membranes and, as a primary defense against environmental antigens, can trigger anaphylactic hypersensitivity. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:33:22Z CMO:0002113 EFO:0004565 serum IgG level serum IgG measurement serum total IgG level serum total immunoglobulin G level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002102 serum immunoglobulin G level CMO:0002102 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:33:26Z plasma IgG level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002103 plasma immunoglobulin G level CMO:0002103 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:35:25Z CMO:0002110 EFO:0004993 serum IgM level serum IgM measurement serum total IgM level serum total immunoglobulin M level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002104 serum immunoglobulin M level CMO:0002104 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:36:20Z plasma IgM level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002105 plasma immunoglobulin M level CMO:0002105 The amount in a specified sample of plasma of one or more types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Any measurement of the properties of one or more autoantibodies. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:40:54Z EFO:0004866 anti-self antibody measurement autoantibody measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002106 autoantibody measurement CMO:0002106 Any measurement of the properties of one or more autoantibodies. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of blood. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:45:10Z blood anti-self antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002107 blood autoantibody level CMO:0002107 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of blood. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of plasma. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:48:43Z plasma anti-self antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002108 plasma autoantibody level CMO:0002108 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of plasma. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of serum. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2014-01-27T12:50:46Z EFO:0005767 serum anti-self antibody level rheumatoid factor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002109 serum autoantibody level CMO:0002109 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of serum. An antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen, a substance introduced into an organism which initiates an immune response including the production of the very antibodies which bind to it in an effort to destroy it. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The entire amount in a specified sample of serum of all types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. JSmith 2014-01-27T13:12:36Z serum total IgM level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002110 serum total immunoglobulin M level true CMO:0002110 The entire amount in a specified sample of serum of all types of immunoglobulin M (IgM), one of the five classes of antibodies produced by the body. IgM is found in circulating body fluids and is the first class of antibodies to appear in response to an initial exposure to an antigen. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated measurement of the amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule in which the level of antibody is normalized to an arbitrary reference value or reference standard. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. JSmith 2014-01-27T13:14:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgM-RF level normalized to a reference value serum IgM-rheumatoid factor level normalized to a reference value CMO:0002111 serum immunoglobulin M-type rheumatoid factor level relative to an arbitrary reference serum CMO:0002111 A calculated measurement of the amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule in which the level of antibody is normalized to an arbitrary reference value or reference standard. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:14674011 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor A calculated measurement of the amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule in which the level of antibody is normalized to an arbitrary reference value or reference standard. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. JSmith 2014-01-27T13:21:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgG-RF level normalized to an arbitrary reference level serum IgG-rheumatoid factor level normalized to an arbitrary reference level CMO:0002112 serum immunoglobulin G-type rheumatoid factor level relative to an arbitrary reference serum CMO:0002112 A calculated measurement of the amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule in which the level of antibody is normalized to an arbitrary reference value or reference standard. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. PMID:14674011 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor The entire amount in a specified sample of serum of all types and subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. JSmith 2014-01-27T13:37:33Z serum total IgG level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002113 serum total immunoglobulin G level true CMO:0002113 The entire amount in a specified sample of serum of all types and subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one of the subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. JSmith 2014-01-27T14:52:10Z serum IgG subclass level clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgG subtype level serum immunoglobulin G subtype level CMO:0002114 serum immunoglobulin G subclass level CMO:0002114 The amount in a specified sample of serum of one of the subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G The amount in a specified sample of serum of the G1 subclass of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. IgG1 is the most abundant subclass in serum, and is able to activate complement and bind to the Fc receptor on phagocytic cells. JSmith 2014-01-27T14:57:46Z serum IgG1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002115 serum immunoglobulin G1 level CMO:0002115 The amount in a specified sample of serum of the G1 subclass of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. IgG1 is the most abundant subclass in serum, and is able to activate complement and bind to the Fc receptor on phagocytic cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G The amount in a specified sample of serum of the G2a subclass of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. IgG2a is able to activate complement and bind to the Fc receptor on phagocytic cells. JSmith 2014-01-27T14:57:50Z serum IgG2a level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002116 serum immunoglobulin G2a level CMO:0002116 The amount in a specified sample of serum of the G2a subclass of immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most abundant class of antibodies found in blood serum and lymph. IgG antibodies are active against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and foreign particles, and trigger action of the complement system. IgG subclasses differ in the structure of their hinge regions. IgG2a is able to activate complement and bind to the Fc receptor on phagocytic cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G JSmith 2014-01-27T15:33:59Z splenic cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002117 spleen cell count CMO:0002117 Any measurement of one or more mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus (including but not limited to such cells found in blood, lymph or spleen). JSmith 2014-01-27T15:42:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002118 mononuclear cell measurement CMO:0002118 Any measurement of one or more mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus (including but not limited to such cells found in blood, lymph or spleen). Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Determination of the number of mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus (including but not limited to such cells found in blood, lymph or spleen) found in a specified sample. JSmith 2014-01-27T15:49:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology mononuclear cell number CMO:0002119 mononuclear cell count CMO:0002119 Determination of the number of mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus (including but not limited to such cells found in blood, lymph or spleen) found in a specified sample. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Determination of the number of mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus found in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. JSmith 2014-01-27T15:51:22Z splenocyte count splenic mononuclear cell count clinical_measurement_ontology spleen mononuclear cell number CMO:0002120 spleen mononuclear cell count CMO:0002120 Determination of the number of mononuclear cells, i.e. leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus found in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount of interferon gamma (Ifng) secreted (i.e. produced and released) from one or more mononuclear cells. Ifng is a member of the type II interferon family which is a soluble cytokine with antiviral, immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and functions as a potent activator of macrophages. JSmith 2014-01-27T16:18:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology mononuclear cell IFN gamma secretion CMO:0002121 mononuclear cell interferon gamma secretion CMO:0002121 The amount of interferon gamma (Ifng) secreted (i.e. produced and released) from one or more mononuclear cells. Ifng is a member of the type II interferon family which is a soluble cytokine with antiviral, immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and functions as a potent activator of macrophages. RGD:737487 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Determination of the number of mononuclear cells that secrete (i.e. produce and release) interferon gamma (IFNG), found in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. Ifng is a member of the type II interferon family which is a soluble cytokine with antiviral, immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and functions as a potent activator of macrophages. JSmith 2014-01-27T16:29:49Z spleen interferon gamma-secreting mononuclear cell count splenic interferon gamma-secreting mononuclear cell count clinical_measurement_ontology splenic IFN gamma-secreting mononuclear cell count CMO:0002122 IFNG-secreting splenocyte count CMO:0002122 Determination of the number of mononuclear cells that secrete (i.e. produce and release) interferon gamma (IFNG), found in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. Ifng is a member of the type II interferon family which is a soluble cytokine with antiviral, immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and functions as a potent activator of macrophages. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 RGD:737487 Any quantitation of the proteins and/or peptides which contribute to the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. A protein is any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages. A peptide is a low molecular weight compound composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages. JSmith 2014-01-28T09:49:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal tissue protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002123 spinal cord protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002123 Any quantitation of the proteins and/or peptides which contribute to the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. A protein is any of a group of complex organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages. A peptide is a low molecular weight compound composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantitation of the messenger RNAs which contribute to the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. Messenger RNAs are the high molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds, that transfer the coding information for protein synthesis from the chromosomes to the ribosomes. JSmith 2014-01-28T09:54:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002124 spinal cord mRNA composition measurement CMO:0002124 Any quantitation of the messenger RNAs which contribute to the chemical make-up of the spinal cord. Messenger RNAs are the high molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds, that transfer the coding information for protein synthesis from the chromosomes to the ribosomes. CHEBI:33697 CHEBI:33699 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for beta-2 microglobulin (B2m). B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:17:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord B2m mRNA level CMO:0002125 spinal cord beta-2 microglobulin mRNA level CMO:0002125 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for beta-2 microglobulin (B2m). B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. RGD:735892 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for the B chain of the q subcomponent of complement component 1 (C1qb), a major constituent of the human complement subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:19:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord C1qb mRNA level CMO:0002126 spinal cord complement component 1, q subcomponent, B chain mRNA level CMO:0002126 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for the B chain of the q subcomponent of complement component 1 (C1qb), a major constituent of the human complement subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. RGD:1346671 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for Cd74, a cell surface protein which associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for the immune response. Cd74 also serves as the cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for initiation of survival pathways and cell proliferation. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:20:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002127 spinal cord Cd74 mRNA level CMO:0002127 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for Cd74, a cell surface protein which associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for the immune response. Cd74 also serves as the cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for initiation of survival pathways and cell proliferation. RGD:1350471 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for RT1-B, a major histocompatibility complex class II antigen involved in antigen processing and presentation. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:23:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord rat MHC Class II RT1-B mRNA level CMO:0002128 spinal cord RT1-B mRNA level CMO:0002128 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the messenger RNA (mRNA) which codes for RT1-B, a major histocompatibility complex class II antigen involved in antigen processing and presentation. RGD:1595867 RGD:3469 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the beta-2 microglobulin (B2m) protein. B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:34:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord B2m protein level CMO:0002129 spinal cord beta-2 microglobulin protein level CMO:0002129 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the beta-2 microglobulin (B2m) protein. B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. RGD:735892 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the B chain of the q subcomponent of complement component 1 (C1qb) protein, a major constituent of the human complement subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:35:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord C1qb protein level CMO:0002130 spinal cord complement component 1, q subcomponent, B chain protein level CMO:0002130 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of the B chain of the q subcomponent of complement component 1 (C1qb) protein, a major constituent of the human complement subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. RGD:1346671 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of Cd74, a cell surface protein which associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for the immune response. Cd74 also serves as the cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for initiation of survival pathways and cell proliferation. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:39:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002131 spinal cord Cd74 protein level CMO:0002131 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of Cd74, a cell surface protein which associates with class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and is an important chaperone that regulates antigen presentation for the immune response. Cd74 also serves as the cell surface receptor for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for initiation of survival pathways and cell proliferation. RGD:1350471 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of RT1-B, a major histocompatibility complex class II antigen involved in antigen processing and presentation. JSmith 2014-01-28T11:40:29Z spinal cord rat MHC Class II RT1-B protein level clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord OX6 level CMO:0002132 spinal cord RT1-B protein level CMO:0002132 The amount in a specified sample of spinal cord of RT1-B, a major histocompatibility complex class II antigen involved in antigen processing and presentation. RGD:1595867 RGD:3469 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a movement of all or part of the body which originated with, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. JSmith 2014-01-28T12:48:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002133 calculated voluntary body movement measurement CMO:0002133 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a movement of all or part of the body which originated with, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication. JSmith 2014-01-28T13:58:16Z vocalisation measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002134 vocalization measurement CMO:0002134 Any measurement of the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/vocalization Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication. JSmith 2014-01-28T14:08:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated vocalisation measurement CMO:0002135 calculated vocalization measurement CMO:0002135 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://www.thefreedictionary.com/vocalization A calculated measurement of the level of tameness/aggression which is a composite of numerical values based on movement/posture measurements such as counts or duration of freezing, attack and escape movements, and boxing posture, and on vocalization measurements such as counts or duration of squeaking or screaming. JSmith 2014-01-28T14:13:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002136 tameness/aggressiveness composite score CMO:0002136 A calculated measurement of the level of tameness/aggression which is a composite of numerical values based on movement/posture measurements such as counts or duration of freezing, attack and escape movements, and boxing posture, and on vocalization measurements such as counts or duration of squeaking or screaming. PMID:18177873 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the enterocolitis disease state, i.e. inflammation of the mucosa of both the small and large intestines, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. JSmith 2014-01-28T15:21:38Z coloenteritis severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002137 enterocolitis severity measurement CMO:0002137 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the enterocolitis disease state, i.e. inflammation of the mucosa of both the small and large intestines, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or any part thereof. MESH:D004760 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of enterocolitis severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2014-01-28T15:27:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology enterocolitis severity composite score CMO:0002138 enterocolitis severity score CMO:0002138 A measurement of enterocolitis severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS A calculated measurement in which .the number of kidney glomeruli displaying an abnormal (i.e., pathogenic) crescentic morphology is divided by the number of kidney glomeruli displaying normal morphology, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-01-28T16:41:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002139 kidney crescentic glomeruli count to kidney normal glomeruli count ratio CMO:0002139 A calculated measurement in which .the number of kidney glomeruli displaying an abnormal (i.e., pathogenic) crescentic morphology is divided by the number of kidney glomeruli displaying normal morphology, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma. Albumin is the major plasma protein, responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serving as a transport protein for large organic anions (e.g., fatty acids, bilirubin, some drugs) and for some hormones when their specific binding globulins are saturated. JSmith 2014-01-30T14:31:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002140 calculated plasma albumin level CMO:0002140 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma. Albumin is the major plasma protein, responsible for much of the plasma colloidal osmotic pressure and serving as a transport protein for large organic anions (e.g., fatty acids, bilirubin, some drugs) and for some hormones when their specific binding globulins are saturated. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the difference between the amount of total protein and the amount of albumin in that same sample of plasma (that is, albumin/(total protein - albumin)), and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-01-30T14:36:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology ratio of plasma albumin to (total protein minus albumin) CMO:0002141 plasma albumin to plasma non-albumin protein ratio CMO:0002141 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the difference between the amount of total protein and the amount of albumin in that same sample of plasma (that is, albumin/(total protein - albumin)), and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of abnormal, repetitive, generally non-productive movements which may or may not result in damage to the individual. Such movements are often variations of normal movements or behaviors. JSmith 2014-01-30T17:08:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology stereotypy measurement CMO:0002142 measurement of stereotypical movement CMO:0002142 Any measurement of abnormal, repetitive, generally non-productive movements which may or may not result in damage to the individual. Such movements are often variations of normal movements or behaviors. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of self mutilation, i.e. the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body. JSmith 2014-01-30T17:20:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology self harm measurement CMO:0002143 self mutilation measurement CMO:0002143 Any measurement of self mutilation, i.e. the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body. MESH:D012652 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of self mutilation, i.e. the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body, causes pain or damage. JSmith 2014-01-30T17:22:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology self harm severity measurement CMO:0002144 self mutilation severity measurement CMO:0002144 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of self mutilation, i.e. the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body, causes pain or damage. MESH:D012652 A measurement of the severity of self mutilation, the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body, which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2014-01-30T17:23:40Z self mutilation severity composite score clinical_measurement_ontology self harm severity score CMO:0002145 self mutilation severity score CMO:0002145 A measurement of the severity of self mutilation, the act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body, which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. MESH:D012652 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS Any measurement the physical form or structure of one or more joints, any of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:11:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002146 joint morphological measurement CMO:0002146 Any measurement the physical form or structure of one or more joints, any of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a joint. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:23:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002147 joint diameter CMO:0002147 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a joint. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the joint between the leg and foot in which the tibia and fibula articulate with the talus. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:24:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002148 ankle joint diameter CMO:0002148 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the joint between the leg and foot in which the tibia and fibula articulate with the talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the ankle joint of the left hindleg of a quadruped, that is, the leg on the left side of the body and farthest from the head. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:46:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology left hindlimb ankle joint diameter CMO:0002149 left rear ankle joint diameter CMO:0002149 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the ankle joint of the left hindleg of a quadruped, that is, the leg on the left side of the body and farthest from the head. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the ankle joint of the right hindleg of a quadruped, that is, the leg on the right side of the body and farthest from the head. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:47:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology right hindlimb ankle joint diameter CMO:0002150 right rear ankle joint diameter CMO:0002150 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the ankle joint of the right hindleg of a quadruped, that is, the leg on the right side of the body and farthest from the head. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the diameter of one or more ankle joints. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:48:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002151 calculated ankle joint diameter CMO:0002151 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the diameter of one or more ankle joints. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement of the difference in left rear ankle joint diameter between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:55:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002152 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in left rear ankle joint diameter CMO:0002152 A calculated measurement of the difference in left rear ankle joint diameter between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the difference in right rear ankle joint diameter between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:56:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002153 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in right rear ankle joint diameter CMO:0002153 A calculated measurement of the difference in right rear ankle joint diameter between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the difference in the total of the right and left rear ankle joint diameters added together between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction of the sums in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-30T18:57:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in the total left plus right rear ankle diameter CMO:0002154 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in the sum of right rear ankle joint diameter and left rear ankle joint diameter CMO:0002154 A calculated measurement of the difference in the total of the right and left rear ankle joint diameters added together between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction of the sums in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of liver disease has caused pain or damage, established one or more lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. Liver disease is a general term for any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2014-01-31T11:13:50Z EFO:0008421 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology liver damage severity measurement CMO:0002155 liver disease severity measurement CMO:0002155 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of liver disease has caused pain or damage, established one or more lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. Liver disease is a general term for any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of granulomas in the liver has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. A granuloma is a small nodular delimited aggregation of mononuclear inflammatory cells, possibly resembling epithelial cells and/or surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes. JSmith 2014-01-31T11:23:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002156 liver granuloma severity measurement CMO:0002156 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of granulomas in the liver has caused pain or damage, established lesions, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. A granuloma is a small nodular delimited aggregation of mononuclear inflammatory cells, possibly resembling epithelial cells and/or surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of liver granuloma severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2014-01-31T11:25:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver granuloma severity composite score CMO:0002157 liver granuloma severity score CMO:0002157 A measurement of liver granuloma severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS A calculated measurement in which urine chloride ion excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine chloride excretion rate is the amount of chloride, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, discharged in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2014-01-31T13:50:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002158 urine chloride excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0002158 A calculated measurement in which urine chloride ion excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine chloride excretion rate is the amount of chloride, the chemical element with atomic number 17, that have gained one electron forming an anion with a charge of -1, discharged in the urine per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which urine sodium excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine sodium excretion rate is the amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. JSmith 2014-01-31T13:51:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002159 urine potassium excretion rate to body weight ratio CMO:0002159 A calculated measurement in which urine sodium excretion rate is divided by the total weight of the body, i.e., the heaviness or the degree to which the body of the organism is drawn toward the earth by gravity, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine sodium excretion rate is the amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an electrolyte, that is, a substance that dissociates into ions, excreted in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2014-01-31T16:30:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002160 calculated urine electrolyte excretion rate CMO:0002160 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of an electrolyte, that is, a substance that dissociates into ions, excreted in the urine per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of heart rate, the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time. JSmith 2014-01-31T16:39:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002161 calculated heart rate measurement CMO:0002161 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of heart rate, the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The difference between two points in time or two conditions in heart rate expressed as the ratio of the low frequency R-R interval component of the power spectrum analysis to the high frequency R-R interval component of the power spectrum analysis, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-01-31T16:41:23Z absolute change in heart rate variability clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in ECG LF/HF ratio absolute change in EKG LF/HF ratio absolute change in electrocardiographic low frequency R-R interval to high frequency R-R interval ratio CMO:0002162 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in electrocardiographic low frequency R-R spectral component to high frequency R-R spectral component ratio CMO:0002162 The difference between two points in time or two conditions in heart rate expressed as the ratio of the low frequency R-R interval component of the power spectrum analysis to the high frequency R-R interval component of the power spectrum analysis, expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary PMID:7815012 http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a pituicyte, a glial-type cell of the posterior pituitary whose main role is to assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin. JSmith 2014-02-03T16:13:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002163 pituicyte measurement CMO:0002163 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a pituicyte, a glial-type cell of the posterior pituitary whose main role is to assist in the storage and release of neurohypophysial hormones such as oxytocin and vasopressin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pituicyte Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the tissue(s) of the heart left ventricle. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. JSmith 2014-02-03T17:42:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002164 heart left ventricle molecular composition measurement CMO:0002164 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the tissue(s) of the heart left ventricle. A molecule is an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical combination of two or more atoms forming a specific chemical substance. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), a powerful vasodilator and peptide hormone secreted mainly by heart muscle cells and involved in control of extracellular fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. JSmith 2014-02-03T17:43:11Z heart left ventricle NPPA level heart left ventricle atrial natriuretic factor level heart left ventricle natriuretic peptide A protein level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002165 heart left ventricle natriuretic peptide A level CMO:0002165 The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of natriuretic peptide A (NPPA), a powerful vasodilator and peptide hormone secreted mainly by heart muscle cells and involved in control of extracellular fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. RGD:730878 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide The amount of renin in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Renin, an aspartyl protease, catalyzes the cleavage of angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I, the first step in the activation pathway of angiotensinogen--a cascade that can result in aldosterone release,vasoconstriction, and increase in blood pressure. JSmith 2014-02-03T17:55:31Z kidney renin protein level clinical_measurement_ontology kidney REN level CMO:0002166 kidney renin level CMO:0002166 The amount of renin in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Renin, an aspartyl protease, catalyzes the cleavage of angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I, the first step in the activation pathway of angiotensinogen--a cascade that can result in aldosterone release,vasoconstriction, and increase in blood pressure. RGD:736366 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of all or part of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. JSmith 2014-02-03T18:09:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology hypophysis measurement CMO:0002167 pituitary gland measurement CMO:0002167 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of all or part of the pituitary gland, the small, oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated measurement corresponding to the power to which the number 2 must be raised to obtain the specified value for the wet weight of the pituitary gland. JSmith 2014-02-03T18:22:49Z base 2 logarithm of pituitary gland wet weight clinical_measurement_ontology log2 of pituitary gland wet weight CMO:0002168 binary logarithm of pituitary gland wet weight CMO:0002168 A calculated measurement corresponding to the power to which the number 2 must be raised to obtain the specified value for the wet weight of the pituitary gland. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_logarithm Measurement of the capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen, measured as volume of oxygen per unit of time. JSmith 2014-02-04T12:19:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology VO2 oxygen uptake CMO:0002169 oxygen consumption CMO:0002169 Measurement of the capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen, measured as volume of oxygen per unit of time. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-02-04T18:11:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002170 calculated plasma insulin level CMO:0002170 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin, the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement to estimate the effect of insulin on net glucose disposal (insulin sensitivity) in an organism, calculated as 1/(log[fasting plasma insulin in uU/mL] + log[fasting blood glucose in mg/dL]), i.e., the inverse of the logarithm of the product of fasting plasma insulin level and fasting blood glucose level. The insulin and glucose levels may also be measured in any combination of blood, plasma, and serum. JSmith 2014-02-04T18:13:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology QUICKI CMO:0002171 quantitative insulin sensitivity check index CMO:0002171 A calculated measurement to estimate the effect of insulin on net glucose disposal (insulin sensitivity) in an organism, calculated as 1/(log[fasting plasma insulin in uU/mL] + log[fasting blood glucose in mg/dL]), i.e., the inverse of the logarithm of the product of fasting plasma insulin level and fasting blood glucose level. The insulin and glucose levels may also be measured in any combination of blood, plasma, and serum. PMID:10902785 A calculated measurement in which the number of apoptotic bodies found in a specified sample of remodelling liver tumorous lesions is divided by the number of viable neoplastic hepatocytes in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Remodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. An apoptotic body is a small sealed membrane vesicle that is produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. JSmith 2014-03-03T17:56:04Z MESH:D009365 clinical_measurement_ontology ratio of apoptotic bodies to intact tumor cells in remodelling liver neoplastic nodules CMO:0002172 ratio of apoptotic bodies to intact tumor cells in remodelling liver tumorous lesions CMO:0002172 A calculated measurement in which the number of apoptotic bodies found in a specified sample of remodelling liver tumorous lesions is divided by the number of viable neoplastic hepatocytes in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Remodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) but which display a remodeling phenotype, that is, a progressive decrease in biochemical marker expression and growth rate, and finally complete regression. An apoptotic body is a small sealed membrane vesicle that is produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. COPE:Cytokines_&_Cells_Encyclopedia Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 A calculated measurement in which the number of apoptotic bodies found in a specified sample of nonremodelling liver tumorous lesions is divided by the number of viable neoplastic hepatocytes in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Nonremodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. An apoptotic body is a small sealed membrane vesicle that is produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. JSmith 2014-03-03T17:56:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology ratio of apoptotic bodies to intact tumor cells in nonremodelling liver neoplastic nodules CMO:0002173 ratio of apoptotic bodies to intact tumor cells in nonremodelling liver tumorous lesions CMO:0002173 A calculated measurement in which the number of apoptotic bodies found in a specified sample of nonremodelling liver tumorous lesions is divided by the number of viable neoplastic hepatocytes in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Nonremodeling tumorous lesions are lesions which are or have the potential to become tumors (neoplasms or new growths of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive) without any indication of a remodeling phenotype, that is, without a decrease in biochemical marker expression or growth rate, and without signs of regression. An apoptotic body is a small sealed membrane vesicle that is produced from cells undergoing cell death by apoptosis. COPE:Cytokines_&_Cells_Encyclopedia Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15185337 The amount of a solution of bisphenol A that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:30:30Z BPA drink intake rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002174 bisphenol A drink intake rate CMO:0002174 The amount of a solution of bisphenol A that is consumed as a drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic phenolic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2, i.e. one in which a central carbon links to two methyl groups and two hydroxyphenyl groups. BPA is similar in structure to estradiol and can bind to and activate the estrogen receptor. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_A The lowest per week intake rate of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:31:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology minimum weekly BPA-fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002175 minimum weekly bisphenol A in fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002175 The lowest per week intake rate of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The highest per week intake rate of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:31:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology maximum weekly BPA-fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002176 maximum weekly bisphenol A in fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002176 The highest per week intake rate of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:51:17Z calorie intake rate from food clinical_measurement_ontology food energy intake rate CMO:0002177 food calorie intake rate CMO:0002177 The number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie The entire number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time, i.e., the calorie intake rate from all food sources. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:52:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology total food energy intake rate CMO:0002178 total food calorie intake rate CMO:0002178 The entire number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time, i.e., the calorie intake rate from all food sources. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie The number of calories derived from fructose consumed in food by an organism per period of time, i.e., the calorie intake rate for fructose only. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule, and is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits. JSmith 2014-03-05T15:57:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology fructose food energy intake rate CMO:0002179 fructose food calorie intake rate CMO:0002179 The number of calories derived from fructose consumed in food by an organism per period of time, i.e., the calorie intake rate for fructose only. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule, and is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat in the body of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:14:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002180 body fat volume CMO:0002180 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat in the body of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by fat in the body of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:15:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002181 total body fat volume CMO:0002181 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by fat in the body of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by the layer of fat located just beneath the skin of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:16:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002182 whole body subcutaneous fat volume CMO:0002182 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by the layer of fat located just beneath the skin of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by the fat inside the major body cavity or cavities of an organism, especially the fat which surrounds and cushions the internal organs. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:22:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002183 whole body visceral fat volume CMO:0002183 Measurement of the size of the entire three dimensional space occupied by the fat inside the major body cavity or cavities of an organism, especially the fat which surrounds and cushions the internal organs. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 http://agclass.nal.usda.gov/mtwdk.exe?s=1&n=1&y=0&l=60&k=glossary&t=2&w=visceral+fat Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the lean tissue of an organism, that is, of the tissue that is not fat/adipose tissue or bone. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:25:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002184 lean tissue morphological measurement CMO:0002184 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the lean tissue of an organism, that is, of the tissue that is not fat/adipose tissue or bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 VT:0010483 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the lean tissue of an organism, that is, of the tissue that is not fat/adipose tissue or bone. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:30:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002185 lean tissue volume CMO:0002185 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the lean tissue of an organism, that is, of the tissue that is not fat/adipose tissue or bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 VT:0010483 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all of the accumulated lean tissue in the body of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:31:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002186 whole body lean tissue volume CMO:0002186 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by all of the accumulated lean tissue in the body of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the fat deposits in the liver of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:32:11Z EFO:0010821 liver fat measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002187 liver fat morphological measurement CMO:0002187 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the fat deposits in the liver of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:33:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002188 liver fat volume CMO:0002188 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:33:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002189 calculated liver fat volume CMO:0002189 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism is divided by the total size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver of that organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:34:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002190 liver fat volume to total liver volume ratio CMO:0002190 A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space occupied by fat deposits in the liver of an organism is divided by the total size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver of that organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:35:22Z Not4Curation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002191 calculated liver volume CMO:0002191 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood; secretion of bile; detoxification of noxious substances; conversion of sugars into glycogen; synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids; and synthesis of serum proteins. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:39:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology perirenal fat pad morphological measurement CMO:0002192 renal fat pad morphological measurement CMO:0002192 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 UBERON:0014464 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:44:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology perirenal fat pad volume CMO:0002193 renal fat pad volume CMO:0002193 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 UBERON:0014464 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:45:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology perirenal fat pad weight CMO:0002194 renal fat pad weight CMO:0002194 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 UBERON:0014464 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated specifically with the left kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:53:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology left perirenal fat pad weight CMO:0002195 Note, "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location. left renal fat pad weight CMO:0002195 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated specifically with the left kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 UBERON:0014464 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated specifically with the right kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:55:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology right perirenal fat pad weight CMO:0002196 Note, "right" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location. right renal fat pad weight CMO:0002196 Measurement of the heaviness of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated specifically with the right kidney, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 UBERON:0014464 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the left kidney is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-03-06T15:58:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology left perirenal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002197 Note, "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location. left renal fat pad weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002197 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the left kidney is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 UBERON:0014464 Amount of a fructose solution consumed as a drink per unit time. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. It is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits and can be covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule. JSmith 2014-03-06T16:45:00Z CHEBI:15824 CHEBI:28757 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002198 fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002198 Amount of a fructose solution consumed as a drink per unit time. Fructose is one of three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion. It is found naturally in honey and many sweet fruits and can be covalently bound to glucose to form the sucrose molecule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructose Amount of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink per unit time. JSmith 2014-03-06T16:49:06Z CHEBI:15824 CHEBI:28757 clinical_measurement_ontology BPA-fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002199 bisphenol A in fructose drink intake rate CMO:0002199 Amount of a fructose solution containing bisphenol A consumed as a drink per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of sucrose consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. JSmith 2014-03-07T10:09:45Z sugar consumption measurement CHEBI:17992 EFO:0010156 EFO:0010157 EFO:0010158 clinical_measurement_ontology sucrose liking measurement sweet liking measurement CMO:0002200 sucrose drink intake volume CMO:0002200 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of sucrose consumed as a drink in a specified period of time. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of sucrose consumed in a specified period of time. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. JSmith 2014-03-07T10:10:54Z CHEBI:17992 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002201 calculated sucrose drink intake volume CMO:0002201 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of a solution of sucrose consumed in a specified period of time. Sucrose is a nonreducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose used as a food, a sweetener, a preservative and a pharmaceutical aid. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the volume of a sucrose solution consumed is divided by the total volume of all liquids/drinks consumed, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-07T10:16:31Z CHEBI:17992 clinical_measurement_ontology sucrose preference score CMO:0002202 sucrose intake volume to total fluid intake volume ratio CMO:0002202 A calculated measurement in which the volume of a sucrose solution consumed is divided by the total volume of all liquids/drinks consumed, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of characteristics related to the function of or processes in the components of the system responsible for receiving and processing information about an organism's environment and controlling behavior. JSmith 2014-03-07T13:41:31Z VT:0003633 nervous system physiology measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002203 nervous system physiological measurement CMO:0002203 Any measurement related to the function of or processes involved in the perception of sound. JSmith 2014-03-07T13:43:53Z EFO:0007616 EFO:0007617 EFO:0007618 VT:0002104 hearing measurement hearing physiology measurement hearing threshold measurement pure tone hearing measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002204 hearing physiological measurement CMO:0002204 Measurement of the lowest sound volume (e.g. in decibels) that produce variations in electromyographic or electroencephalographic recordings in response to sound stimuli. JSmith 2014-03-07T13:45:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology ABR threshold BAER threshold brainstem auditory evoked response threshold CMO:0002205 auditory brainstem response threshold CMO:0002205 Measurement of the lowest sound volume (e.g. in decibels) that produce variations in electromyographic or electroencephalographic recordings in response to sound stimuli. PMID:23161274 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. JSmith 2014-03-10T11:33:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology food energy intake measurement CMO:0002206 food calorie intake measurement CMO:0002206 Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:06:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated food energy intake measurement CMO:0002207 calculated food calorie intake measurement CMO:0002207 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Measurement of the entire number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:08:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology total food energy intake level total food-derived calorie intake level total food-derived energy intake level CMO:0002208 total food calorie intake level CMO:0002208 Measurement of the entire number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the food. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:09:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology food calorie intake level to body weight gain ratio food calorie intake level to gain in body weight ratio food energy intake level to change in body weight ratio CMO:0002209 food calorie intake level to change in body weight ratio CMO:0002209 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Any measurement of the weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:18:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002210 food intake weight measurement CMO:0002210 Any measurement of the weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:19:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002211 calculated food intake weight measurement CMO:0002211 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of food consumed by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:21:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology food intake weight to body weight gain ratio food intake weight to gain in body weight ratio CMO:0002212 food intake weight to change in body weight ratio CMO:0002212 A calculated measurement in which the weight of food consumed by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:26:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology food energy intake level to body weight ratio CMO:0002213 food calorie intake level to body weight ratio CMO:0002213 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as food by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie A calculated measurement in which the weight of food consumed by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:36:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002214 food intake weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002214 A calculated measurement in which the weight of food consumed by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the entire weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:44:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002215 total food intake weight CMO:0002215 Measurement of the entire weight of food consumed by an organism, i.e. the heaviness of the food or degree to which that amount of food is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:50:11Z ratio of change in body weight to total body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002216 change in body weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002216 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the second time point or under the second condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:51:09Z ratio of change in body weight to final body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002217 change in body weight to final body weight ratio CMO:0002217 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the second time point or under the second condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the first time point or under the first condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-10T13:51:16Z ratio of change in body weight to initial total body weight clinical_measurement_ontology percent change in body weight ratio of change in body weight to starting total body weight ratio of change in body weight to total basal body weight CMO:0002218 change in body weight to initial body weight ratio CMO:0002218 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the weight of the body of an organism between two time points or two conditions is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism at the first time point or under the first condition, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food consumed by an organism. JSmith 2014-03-10T14:03:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002219 food intake volume measurement CMO:0002219 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food consumed by an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food consumed by an organism. JSmith 2014-03-10T14:03:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002220 calculated food intake volume measurement CMO:0002220 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the food consumed by an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the entire amount of food consumed by an organism. JSmith 2014-03-10T14:05:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002221 total food intake volume CMO:0002221 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the entire amount of food consumed by an organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the kidney to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. JSmith 2014-03-10T15:24:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002222 kidney protein activity measurement CMO:0002222 Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the kidney to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the ability of a kidney enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the kidney that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. JSmith 2014-03-10T15:31:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002223 kidney enzyme activity measurement CMO:0002223 Any quantification of the ability of a kidney enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the kidney that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the level of catalase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Catalase converts the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:51:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002224 kidney catalase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002224 A calculated measurement in which the level of catalase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Catalase converts the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:732740 A calculated measurement in which the level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalizes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ to 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:52:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney G6PD activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002225 kidney glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002225 A calculated measurement in which the level of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase catalizes the conversion of D-glucose 6-phosphate + NADP+ to 6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose-6-phosphate_dehydrogenase A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione reductase (GSR) enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. GSR reduces oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form GSH. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:53:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney GSR activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002226 kidney glutathione reductase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002226 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione reductase (GSR) enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. GSR reduces oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form GSH. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:732221 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glutathione peroxidases constitute a family of proteins that reduce lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and reduce free hydrogen peroxide to water. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:54:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002227 kidney glutathione peroxidase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002227 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glutathione peroxidases constitute a family of proteins that reduce lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and reduce free hydrogen peroxide to water. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione_peroxidase A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glutathione-S-transferase refers to any of a family of proteins with the ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:55:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002228 kidney glutathione-S-transferase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002228 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Glutathione-S-transferase refers to any of a family of proteins with the ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione_S-transferase A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. superoxide dismutases constitute a family of proteins that convert naturally-occuring but harmful superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:55:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002229 kidney superoxide dismutase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002229 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. superoxide dismutases constitute a family of proteins that convert naturally-occuring but harmful superoxide radicals to molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:730855 A calculated measurement in which the level of paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Paraoxonase 1 is an arylesterase that mainly hydrolyzes paroxon, an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound, to produce p-nitrophenol. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:56:39Z kidney paraoxonase-1 activity to total protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002230 kidney paraoxonase1 activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0002230 A calculated measurement in which the level of paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Paraoxonase 1 is an arylesterase that mainly hydrolyzes paroxon, an organophosphorus anticholinesterase compound, to produce p-nitrophenol. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:1349272 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of glutathione reductase enzyme activity in that same sample. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:57:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002231 kidney glutathione peroxidase activity to glutathione reductase activity ratio CMO:0002231 A calculated measurement in which the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of glutathione reductase enzyme activity in that same sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of catalase enzyme activity in that same sample. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:58:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002232 kidney superoxide dismutase to catalase activity ratio CMO:0002232 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of catalase enzyme activity in that same sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in that same sample. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:59:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002233 kidney superoxide dismutase to glutathione peroxidase ratio CMO:0002233 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity in that same sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity in that same sample. JSmith 2014-03-10T17:59:34Z kidney superoxide dismutase to paraoxonase-1 activity ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002234 kidney superoxide dismutase to paraoxonase1 activity ratio CMO:0002234 A calculated measurement in which the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the level of paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity in that same sample. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-03-10T18:02:47Z CHEBI:16856 clinical_measurement_ontology kidney GSH level CMO:0002235 kidney glutathione level CMO:0002235 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. JSmith 2014-03-10T18:03:40Z CHEBI:566274 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002236 kidney malondialdehyde level CMO:0002236 The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde A calculated measurement in which the level of protein carbonyl (PCO) derivatives in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the total amount of protein in the sample. Protein carbonyl (PCO) derivatives are produced by the oxidation of amino acids and can be used as a marker of oxidative stress. JSmith 2014-03-10T18:04:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002237 kidney protein carbonyl level to total protein level ratio CMO:0002237 A calculated measurement in which the level of protein carbonyl (PCO) derivatives in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the total amount of protein in the sample. Protein carbonyl (PCO) derivatives are produced by the oxidation of amino acids and can be used as a marker of oxidative stress. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:23716490 The amount of platinum, the chemical element with atomic number 78, in a specified sample of kidney tissue. JSmith 2014-03-10T18:06:09Z CHEBI:33364 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002238 kidney platinum level CMO:0002238 The amount of platinum, the chemical element with atomic number 78, in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of blood. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Blood GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:08:40Z blood GGT activity level blood GGTP activity level blood gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002239 blood gamma-glutamyltransferase activity level CMO:0002239 The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of blood. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Blood GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_transpeptidase The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of plasma. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Plasma GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:10:08Z plasma gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GGT activity level plasma GGTP activity level CMO:0002240 plasma gamma-glutamyltransferase activity level CMO:0002240 The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of plasma. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Plasma GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_transpeptidase The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of serum. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Serum GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:10:11Z serum gamma-glutamyl transferase measurement EFO:0004532 serum GTP activity level serum Gamma-GT activity level serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology serum GGT activity level serum GGTP activity level CMO:0002241 serum gamma-glutamyltransferase activity level CMO:0002241 The amount of enzymatic activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in a specified sample of serum. GGT catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to an acceptor such as amino acid, a peptide or water. Serum GGT level is used as an enzymatic marker for liver disease or damage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-glutamyl_transpeptidase The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of blood. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Blood CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:12:54Z EFO:0004534 blood CK activity level blood CPK activity level blood creatine phosphokinase activity level blood phosphocreatine kinase activity level creatine kinase measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002242 blood creatine kinase activity level CMO:0002242 The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of blood. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Blood CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. RGD:737472 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of plasma. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Plasma CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:14:23Z plasma creatine phosphokinase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma CK activity level plasma CPK activity level CMO:0002243 plasma creatine kinase activity level CMO:0002243 The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of plasma. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Plasma CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. RGD:737472 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of serum. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Serum CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:14:26Z serum creatine phosphokinase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology serum CK activity level serum CPK activity level CMO:0002244 serum creatine kinase activity level CMO:0002244 The amount of enzymatic activity of creatine kinase (CK) enzyme in a specified sample of serum. CK catalyses the reversible transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens such as creatine phosphate. Serum CK level is used as an enzymatic marker for myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure. RGD:737472 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase A calculated measurement in which the value of the enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme in a specified sample of serum is divided by the value of the enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-11T14:32:07Z aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio EFO:0010934 serum aspartate transaminase activity level to alanine transaminase activity level ratio serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity level to glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology serum AST activity level to ALT activity level ratio serum GOT activity level to GPT activity level ratio CMO:0002245 serum aspartate aminotransferase activity level to alanine aminotransferase activity level ratio CMO:0002245 A calculated measurement in which the value of the enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase enzyme in a specified sample of serum is divided by the value of the enzymatic activity of alanine aminotransferase in the same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of lipid peroxidation end products in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Lipid peroxidation is the oxidative degradation of lipids. JSmith 2014-03-11T16:52:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney LPO level kidney lipid peroxidation level CMO:0002246 kidney lipid peroxide level CMO:0002246 The amount of lipid peroxidation end products in a specified sample of kidney tissue. Lipid peroxidation is the oxidative degradation of lipids. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_peroxidation A calculated estimate of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a single kidney glomerulus. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:00:11Z PMID:16902320 PMID:19164508 capillary tuft volume glomerular capillary tuft volume glomerular tuft volume glomerulus renis volume malphigian glomerulus volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002247 kidney glomerulus volume CMO:0002247 A calculated estimate of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a single kidney glomerulus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the source of those calories, i.e., a food, a drink, or both. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:38:12Z EFO:0009374 clinical_measurement_ontology energy intake measurement CMO:0002248 calorie intake measurement CMO:0002248 Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the source of those calories, i.e., a food, a drink, or both. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the drink. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:39:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology drink energy intake measurement CMO:0002249 drink calorie intake measurement CMO:0002249 Any measurement of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the drink. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie The number of drink-derived calories consumed by an organism per unit time. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:41:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology drink energy intake rate CMO:0002250 drink calorie intake rate CMO:0002250 The number of drink-derived calories consumed by an organism per unit time. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The number of calories derived from a fructose solution consumed as a drink by an organism per unit time. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:42:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology fructose drink energy intake rate CMO:0002251 fructose drink calorie intake rate CMO:0002251 The number of calories derived from a fructose solution consumed as a drink by an organism per unit time. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The total, full or entire number of drink-derived calories consumed by an organism. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:44:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology total drink energy intake total drink-derived calorie intake total drink-derived energy intake CMO:0002252 total drink calorie intake CMO:0002252 The total, full or entire number of drink-derived calories consumed by an organism. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The entire number of calories consumed by an organism per unit time, regardless of source. JSmith 2014-03-12T15:46:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology combined food plus drink calorie intake rate combined food plus drink energy intake rate total energy intake rate CMO:0002253 total calorie intake rate CMO:0002253 The entire number of calories consumed by an organism per unit time, regardless of source. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the liver at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:15:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002254 liver non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002254 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the liver at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the kidney at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:17:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002255 kidney non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002255 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the kidney at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the spleen at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:18:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002256 spleen non-tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002256 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more non-tumorous lesion(s) of the spleen at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, at a point in time or develop liver edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:18:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002257 liver edema incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002257 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, at a point in time or develop liver edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:19:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver edema incidence CMO:0002258 percentage of study population developing liver edema during a period of time CMO:0002258 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:19:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver edema prevalence CMO:0002259 percentage of study population displaying liver edema at a point in time CMO:0002259 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the liver, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:26:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver hyperemia prevalence CMO:0002260 percentage of study population displaying liver hyperemia at a point in time CMO:0002260 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:26:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver hyperemia incidence CMO:0002261 percentage of study population developing liver hyperemia during a period of time CMO:0002261 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, at a point in time or develop liver hyperemia within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:26:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002262 liver hyperemia incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002262 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver hyperemia, that is, an abnormal accumulation of blood in the liver, at a point in time or develop liver hyperemia within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:34:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver parenchymal degeneration prevalence CMO:0002263 percentage of study population displaying liver parenchymal degeneration at a point in time CMO:0002263 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:34:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver parenchymal degeneration incidence CMO:0002264 percentage of study population developing liver parenchymal degeneration during a period of time CMO:0002264 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time or develop liver edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:34:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002265 liver parenchymal degeneration incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002265 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display liver parenchymal degeneration, that is, deterioration of the functional (as opposed to supporting or connective) tissue or cells of the liver especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time or develop liver edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney edema prevalence CMO:0002266 percentage of study population displaying kidney edema at a point in time CMO:0002266 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney edema incidence CMO:0002267 percentage of study population developing kidney edema during a period of time CMO:0002267 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, at a point in time or develop kidney edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T17:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002268 kidney edema incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002268 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney edema, that is, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular spaces of the kidney, at a point in time or develop kidney edema within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:24:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney tubular degeneration prevalence percentage of study population displaying renal tubular degeneration at a point in time renal tubular degeneration prevalence CMO:0002269 percentage of study population displaying kidney tubular degeneration at a point in time CMO:0002269 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-renal-tubule.htm A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:24:59Z percentage of study population developing renal tubular degeneration during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology kidney tubular degeneration incidence renal tubular degeneration incidence CMO:0002270 percentage of study population developing kidney tubular degeneration during a period of time CMO:0002270 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-renal-tubule.htm A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time or develop kidney tubular degeneration within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:24:59Z renal tubular degeneration incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002271 kidney tubular degeneration incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002271 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display kidney tubular degeneration, that is, deterioration of the renal tubules especially with a resulting loss of function, at a point in time or develop kidney tubular degeneration within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-renal-tubule.htm A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:39:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology splenic fibrosis prevalence CMO:0002272 percentage of study population displaying spleen fibrosis at a point in time CMO:0002272 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, at a point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:39:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology splenic fibrosis incidence CMO:0002273 percentage of study population developing spleen fibrosis during a period of time CMO:0002273 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, at a point in time or develop splenic fibrosis within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-13T18:39:31Z splenic fibrosis incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002274 spleen fibrosis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002274 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display fibrosis of the spleen, that is, an abnormal condition in which fibrous connective tissue spreads over or replaces the normal tissue in the spleen, at a point in time or develop splenic fibrosis within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, at a point in time or develop myeloid leukemia within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-24T12:00:09Z MESH:D007951 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002275 myeloid leukemia incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002275 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, at a point in time or develop myeloid leukemia within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_leukemia The number of individuals in a study population which display myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-03-24T12:07:06Z MESH:D007951 clinical_measurement_ontology myeloid leukemia prevalence CMO:0002276 percentage of study population displaying myeloid leukemia at a point in time CMO:0002276 The number of individuals in a study population which display myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_leukemia The number of new cases of myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-03-24T12:09:03Z MESH:D007951 clinical_measurement_ontology myeloid leukemia incidence CMO:0002277 percentage of study population developing myeloid leukemia during a period of time CMO:0002277 The number of new cases of myeloid leukemia, a form of leukemia characterized by the increased and unregulated growth of predominantly myeloid (that is, non-lymphocytic) cells in the bone marrow and the accumulation of these cells in the bone marrow and/or blood, appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myeloid_leukemia Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time, one during the day and the other at night, expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. JSmith 2014-03-24T12:45:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology absolute circadian change in systolic blood pressure systolic diurnal amplitude CMO:0002278 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute diurnal change in systolic blood pressure CMO:0002278 Calculated measurement of a difference in the maximum arterial blood pressure, that is the pressure at the point of maximal contraction of the heart, between two points in time, one during the day and the other at night, expressed as a number (positive or negative), not as a ratio or percentage relative to another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cerebrovascular lesions at a point in time or develop cerebrovascular lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cerebrovascular lesion is a non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. These include strokes, any of a group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to brain ischemia and/or intracranial hemorrhages. JSmith 2014-03-24T13:00:46Z MESH:D020521 clinical_measurement_ontology stroke incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002279 cerebrovascular lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002279 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display cerebrovascular lesions at a point in time or develop cerebrovascular lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A cerebrovascular lesion is a non-tumorous, that is non-neoplastic, lesion of the brain which involves or is caused by a component of the vascular system and blood supply of the brain. These include strokes, any of a group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to brain ischemia and/or intracranial hemorrhages. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of blood. Cholesterol in the blood is generally associated with various lipoproteins. JSmith 2014-03-24T13:34:25Z free cholesterol measurement EFO:0008591 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002280 blood cholesterol level CMO:0002280 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of blood. Cholesterol in the blood is generally associated with various lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Cholesterol in the serum is associated with various lipoproteins. JSmith 2014-03-24T13:36:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002281 serum cholesterol level CMO:0002281 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Cholesterol in the serum is associated with various lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Cholesterol in the plasma is associated with various lipoproteins. JSmith 2014-03-24T13:36:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002282 plasma cholesterol level CMO:0002282 The amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Cholesterol in the plasma is associated with various lipoproteins. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the value for low density lipoprotein cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. For rodents, the result is an approximation of the amount of very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in that sample. JSmith 2014-03-24T13:54:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma VLDL-cholesterol calculated as non-HDL, non-LDL cholesterol CMO:0002283 plasma non-HDL, non-LDL cholesterol level CMO:0002283 A calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the value for low density lipoprotein cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. For rodents, the result is an approximation of the amount of very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in that sample. PMID:15164172 The number of individuals in a study population which display stomach tumors at a specified point in time, compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-03-25T11:36:49Z percentage of study population displaying gastric tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology gastric tumor prevalence stomach tumor prevalence CMO:0002284 percentage of study population displaying stomach tumors at a point in time CMO:0002284 The number of individuals in a study population which display stomach tumors at a specified point in time, compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of stomach tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-03-25T11:36:49Z percentage of study population developing gastric tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology gastric tumor incidence stomach tumor incidence CMO:0002285 percentage of study population developing stomach tumors during a period of time CMO:0002285 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of stomach tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the stomach (the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion) at a point in time or developing stomach tumors within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-03-25T11:36:49Z MESH:D013274 gastric tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002286 stomach tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002286 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the stomach (the curved, muscular, saclike structure that is an enlargement of the alimentary canal between the esophagus and the small intestine, and that temporarily holds food and secretes proteases and strong acids to aid in food digestion) at a point in time or developing stomach tumors within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomach Any measurement of the complex postural reaction by which an organism can assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it, for example, the ability of an animal to turn its body in space so that its paws or feet are pointed at the ground during a fall or to return to sternal recumbency after being placed on its back or side. JSmith 2014-03-25T12:41:29Z body righting reflex measurement labyrinthine righting reflex measurement righting response measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002287 righting reflex measurement CMO:0002287 Any measurement of the complex postural reaction by which an organism can assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it, for example, the ability of an animal to turn its body in space so that its paws or feet are pointed at the ground during a fall or to return to sternal recumbency after being placed on its back or side. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject again demonstrates the ability to assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it, after that ability has been lost due to alcohol consumption. JSmith 2014-03-25T15:19:37Z blood ethanol level at regain of the body righting reflex blood ethanol level at regain of the labyrinthine righting reflex blood ethanol level at regain of the righting response clinical_measurement_ontology BECRR blood alcohol level at regain of the righting reflex CMO:0002288 blood ethanol level at regain of the righting reflex CMO:0002288 The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject again demonstrates the ability to assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it, after that ability has been lost due to alcohol consumption. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount of time between the time point at which a subject loses the ability to assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it and the time point at which the subject again demonstrates that ability. JSmith 2014-03-25T15:23:10Z duration of loss of body righting reflex duration of loss of labyrinthine righting reflex duration of loss of righting response clinical_measurement_ontology LORR LORR duration CMO:0002289 duration of loss of righting reflex CMO:0002289 The amount of time between the time point at which a subject loses the ability to assume an optimal position when there has been a departure from it and the time point at which the subject again demonstrates that ability. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject displays a loss of the ability to balance, that is, to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control to keep the body's center of mass within its base of support, due to consumption of ethanol. JSmith 2014-03-25T16:48:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood alcohol level at loss of balance/traction CMO:0002290 blood ethanol level at loss of balance/traction CMO:0002290 The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject displays a loss of the ability to balance, that is, to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control to keep the body's center of mass within its base of support, due to consumption of ethanol. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject again demonstrates the ability to balance, that is, to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control to keep the body's center of mass within its base of support, after that ability has been lost due to ethanol consumption. JSmith 2014-03-25T17:07:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood alcohol level at regain of balance/traction CMO:0002291 blood ethanol level at regain of balance/traction CMO:0002291 The amount of ethanol--the colorless, volatile, flammable liquid, CH3CH2OH, produced by yeast fermentation of carbohydrates or synthesized by hydration of ethylene--in the blood at the point in time when a subject again demonstrates the ability to balance, that is, to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control to keep the body's center of mass within its base of support, after that ability has been lost due to ethanol consumption. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. JSmith 2014-03-25T17:08:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002292 calculated balance measurement CMO:0002292 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the ability of an organism to maintain bodily equilibrium and postural control, the motor control that stabilizes the body in space by integrating sensory input about body position (somatosensory, visual, and vestibular input) with motor output to coordinate the action of muscles and keep the body's center of mass within its base of support. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The difference between two conditions or between two points in time (expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity) of the angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the point when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position. JSmith 2014-03-25T17:11:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in the angle of a tilted plane at which balance/traction is lost CMO:0002293 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in tilted plane angle at loss of balance/traction CMO:0002293 The difference between two conditions or between two points in time (expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity) of the angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the point when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F http://www.thefreedictionary.com/angle The angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the point when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position. JSmith 2014-03-25T17:13:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology angle of a tilted plane at which balance/traction is lost CMO:0002294 tilted plane angle at loss of balance/traction CMO:0002294 The angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the point when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/angle Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a stimulus or effector and the timepoint at which the angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the moment when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position, is the same as the value of that angle before the introduction of the stimulus or effector. JSmith 2014-03-25T17:16:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology post insult time to achieve baseline angle of tilted plane at time of balance/traction loss post insult time to regain baseline angle of tilted plane at which balance/traction is lost CMO:0002295 post insult time to regain baseline tilted plane angle at loss of balance/traction CMO:0002295 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a stimulus or effector and the timepoint at which the angle of inclination, i.e., the degree of divergence from the horizontal, of a surface at the moment when a subject sitting or standing on that surface can no longer maintain its balance or remain in a stable position, is the same as the value of that angle before the introduction of the stimulus or effector. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine http://www.thefreedictionary.com/angle A calculated measurement in which the difference in the mean arterial blood pressure caused by two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus the chemical dose graph. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:01:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology beta coefficient of mean arterial blood pressure change change in MAP to change in [vasoactive chemical] ratio slope of the change in mean arterial blood pressure CMO:0002296 change in mean arterial blood pressure to change in vasoactive chemical dose ratio CMO:0002296 A calculated measurement in which the difference in the mean arterial blood pressure caused by two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the mean arterial blood pressure versus the chemical dose graph. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of insulitis of the pancreas, that is, lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of Langerhans, suggesting an inflammatory or immunologic reaction. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:16:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology pancreatic isletitis measurement CMO:0002297 pancreatic insulitis measurement CMO:0002297 Any measurement of insulitis of the pancreas, that is, lymphocytic infiltration of the islets of Langerhans, suggesting an inflammatory or immunologic reaction. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that have been infiltrated with inflammatory cells and also display abnormalities of and/or damage to the beta cells is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:22:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology grade 4 insulitis CMO:0002298 ratio of the count of inflammatory cell-infiltrated pancreatic islets with B cell pathology to the total pancreatic islet count CMO:0002298 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that have been infiltrated with inflammatory cells and also display abnormalities of and/or damage to the beta cells is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:19351909 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that have been infiltrated with inflammatory cells but do not display abnormalities of the beta cells is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:23:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology grade 3 insulitis CMO:0002299 ratio of the count of inflammatory cell-infiltrated pancreatic islets without B cell pathology to the total pancreatic islet count CMO:0002299 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that have been infiltrated with inflammatory cells but do not display abnormalities of the beta cells is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:19351909 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that display infiltration of inflammatory cells only into the surrounding ducts and blood vessels, without immune cells inside or immediately adjacent to the islets, is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:24:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology grade 1 insulitis CMO:0002300 ratio of the count of pancreatic islets with peripheral duct and vessel inflammatory infiltrate only to total pancreatic islet count CMO:0002300 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that display infiltration of inflammatory cells only into the surrounding ducts and blood vessels, without immune cells inside or immediately adjacent to the islets, is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:19351909 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that display infiltration of inflammatory cells in the surrounding ducts and blood vessels and immediately surrounding the islets but without immune cells within the islets, is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:26:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology grade 2 insulitis CMO:0002301 ratio of the count of pancreatic islets with adjacent inflammatory infiltrate to total pancreatic islet count CMO:0002301 A calculated measurement in which the number of pancreatic islets that display infiltration of inflammatory cells in the surrounding ducts and blood vessels and immediately surrounding the islets but without immune cells within the islets, is divided by the total number of pancreatic islets, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:19351909 A measurement of pancreatic insulitis which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria, for example, based on the degree of inflammatory infiltration into the pancreatic islets. JSmith 2014-03-28T12:29:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002302 cumulative pancreatic insulitis severity score CMO:0002302 A measurement of pancreatic insulitis which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria, for example, based on the degree of inflammatory infiltration into the pancreatic islets. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary PMID:19351909 Ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of an artery to outer diameter (OD) of that artery at that location, usually expressed as a percentage, i.e. WT/OD x 100, but could also be expressed as a ratio, fraction or quotient. This measurement can be used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. JSmith 2014-03-28T16:44:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology arterial stenosis measurement artery wall thickness as percentage of artery outer diameter artery wall thickness as percentage of artery total diameter CMO:0002303 artery wall thickness to artery total diameter ratio CMO:0002303 Ratio of the wall thickness (WT) of an artery to outer diameter (OD) of that artery at that location, usually expressed as a percentage, i.e. WT/OD x 100, but could also be expressed as a ratio, fraction or quotient. This measurement can be used to assess stenosis, a pathological narrowing of a blood vessel. RGD:JRS An approximation of the weight or heaviness of the body of an organism based on non-weight measurements such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). JSmith 2014-03-28T17:43:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002304 calculated body weight estimate CMO:0002304 An approximation of the weight or heaviness of the body of an organism based on non-weight measurements such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PMID:23142792 Any measurement of the amount of time a subject spends running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. JSmith 2014-03-28T17:51:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002305 time spent running on treadmill CMO:0002305 Any measurement of the amount of time a subject spends running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A measurement of the amount of time a subject spends running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward, before exhaustion, that is, privation of energy with consequent inability to respond to stimuli. JSmith 2014-03-28T17:56:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology time spent running maximum distance on treadmill CMO:0002306 maximum time spent running to exhaustion on treadmill CMO:0002306 A measurement of the amount of time a subject spends running on a treadmill, a piece of equipment consisting of a continuously moving belt which allows the action of walking or running without the entire body moving forward, before exhaustion, that is, privation of energy with consequent inability to respond to stimuli. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the total number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-03-28T18:07:28Z blood CD45RChigh CD8 T cell count to total CD8 T cell count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002307 blood CD45RC(high) CD8 T cell count to total CD8 T cell count ratio CMO:0002307 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD8 antigen is divided by the total number of lymphocytes expressing surface CD8 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous foci, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous foci. Liver tumorous foci are tumorous lesions of the liver with a size equal to or less than one liver lobule. JSmith 2014-03-28T18:13:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002308 area of liver occupied by tumorous foci CMO:0002308 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous foci, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous foci. Liver tumorous foci are tumorous lesions of the liver with a size equal to or less than one liver lobule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:171067 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by hepatocellular carcinomas, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are liver tumorous lesions with a size greater than several liver lobules and irregular in shape. JSmith 2014-03-28T18:17:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002309 area of liver occupied by hepatocellular carcinomas CMO:0002309 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by hepatocellular carcinomas, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are liver tumorous lesions with a size greater than several liver lobules and irregular in shape. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:171067 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous nodules, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous nodules. Liver tumorous nodules are tumorous lesions of the liver with a size greater than one liver lobule, typically several lobules in size. JSmith 2014-03-28T18:17:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002310 area of liver occupied by tumorous nodules CMO:0002310 A measurement of the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the liver occupied by tumorous nodules, or a measurement of the total extent of a two-dimensional cross-section through the liver occupied by tumorous nodules. Liver tumorous nodules are tumorous lesions of the liver with a size greater than one liver lobule, typically several lobules in size. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:171067 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a bone that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of bone is the measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. JSMITH 2014-04-11T12:41:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology cancellous bone cross-sectional area spongy bone cross-sectional area CMO:0002311 bone trabecular cross-sectional area CMO:0002311 The portion of the cross-sectional area of a bone that corresponds to the area occupied by cancellous or spongy bone, the inner, less dense, more metabolically active type of osseous tissue made up of a network of tiny lattice-shaped spicules often containing marrow. The cross-sectional area of bone is the measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the longest axis of a bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trabecular_bone Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heaviness of any of the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:01:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated lymph gland weight CMO:0002312 calculated lymph node weight CMO:0002312 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heaviness of any of the small, oval or round bodies, located along the lymphatic vessels, that supply lymphocytes to the bloodstream and remove bacteria and foreign particles from the lymph. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:05:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002313 lymph node weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002313 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:09:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland dry weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002314 lymph node dry weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002314 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:09:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology lymph gland wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002315 lymph node wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002315 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more lymph nodes after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:18:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology inguinal lymph gland wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002316 inguinal lymph node wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002316 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:18:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology inguinal lymph gland dry weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002317 inguinal lymph node dry weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002317 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:18:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology inguinal lymph gland weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002318 inguinal lymph node weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002318 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or more inguinal lymph nodes is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent desiccation. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. JSMITH 2014-04-11T13:26:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology inguinal lymph gland dry weight CMO:0002319 inguinal lymph node dry weight CMO:0002319 Measurement of the heaviness of one or more inguinal lymph nodes after removal from the body and subsequent desiccation. The inguinal lymph node are the lymph nodes located in the lower lateral region of the abdomen on either side of the pubic region. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the tongue, the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth whigh is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:06:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002320 tongue measurement CMO:0002320 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the tongue, the movable muscular organ on the floor of the mouth whigh is the chief organ of taste, and aids in mastication, swallowing, and speech. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion in the tongue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially but not exclusively one that is circumscribed and well defined. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:16:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002321 tongue lesion measurement CMO:0002321 Measurement of a lesion in the tongue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially but not exclusively one that is circumscribed and well defined. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed RGD:JRS Measurement of a lesion of the tongue which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:23:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002322 tongue tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0002322 Measurement of a lesion of the tongue which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of a lesion of the tongue which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially but not exclusively one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:23:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002323 tongue non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0002323 Measurement of a lesion of the tongue which is not neoplastic in origin. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially but not exclusively one that is circumscribed and well defined. Examples of non-tumorous lesions would include wounds, sores, ulcers, infarctions, etc. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of one or more tumors of the tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:26:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002324 tongue tumor measurement CMO:0002324 Measurement of one or more tumors of the tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumor found on or in the tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:38:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002325 tongue tumor diameter CMO:0002325 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumor found on or in the tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of tunors in a specified sample of tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. JSmith 2014-04-22T16:38:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology tongue tumor count CMO:0002326 tongue tumor number CMO:0002326 A value or quantity determined by count of tunors in a specified sample of tongue. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:27:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology drink calorie intake level to body weight gain ratio drink calorie intake level to gain in body weight ratio drink energy intake level to change in body weight ratio CMO:0002327 drink calorie intake level to change in body weight ratio CMO:0002327 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by corresponding difference in body weight during that same period of time or under the same conditions, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:27:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology drink energy intake level to body weight ratio CMO:0002328 drink calorie intake level to body weight ratio CMO:0002328 A calculated measurement in which the number of calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the drink. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:27:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated drink energy intake measurement CMO:0002329 calculated drink calorie intake measurement CMO:0002329 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories (usually large calories, kilogram calories, dietary calories, or nutritional calories) consumed as drink by an organism per period of time. A large calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius, a measure of the energy which an organism can derive by metabolizing the drink. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calorie Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of any parameter related to the process whereby drink, any liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., is taken in for utilization by the body. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:36:26Z EFO:0007645 longitudinal alcohol consumption measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002330 calculated drink intake measurement CMO:0002330 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of any parameter related to the process whereby drink, any liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., is taken in for utilization by the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the drink, that is, the liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:45:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002331 calculated drink intake weight CMO:0002331 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight or heaviness of the drink, that is, the liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed per unit time. JSmith 2014-04-23T13:50:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002332 calculated drink intake rate CMO:0002332 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed per unit time. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. JSmith 2014-04-23T14:00:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002333 calculated drink intake volume CMO:0002333 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the amount of drink, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., consumed in a specified period of time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://www.yourdictionary.com/drink The complete or entire amount of bilirubin in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Bilirubin is the bile pigment produced by breakdown of heme and reduction of biliverdin. JSmith 2014-04-23T15:50:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002334 plasma total bilirubin level CMO:0002334 The complete or entire amount of bilirubin in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Bilirubin is the bile pigment produced by breakdown of heme and reduction of biliverdin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes categorized as mature, segmented neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A mature neutrophil is a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. JSmith 2014-04-24T11:17:53Z segmented neutrophil granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002335 blood segmented neutrophil count CMO:0002335 The number of granulocytes categorized as mature, segmented neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A mature neutrophil is a granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of granulocytes categorized as band neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A band neutrophil is an immature neutrophil with a horse-shoe or parallel-sided shaped nucleus and represents the final stage of differentiation before the mature segmented neutrophil. JSmith 2014-04-24T11:17:57Z band neutrophil granulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology rod neutrophil count stab form leukocyte count stab neutrophil count CMO:0002336 blood band neutrophil count CMO:0002336 The number of granulocytes categorized as band neutrophils in a specified volume of blood. A band neutrophil is an immature neutrophil with a horse-shoe or parallel-sided shaped nucleus and represents the final stage of differentiation before the mature segmented neutrophil. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed https://ahdc.vet.cornell.edu/clinpath/modules/heme1/neutr.htm A calculated measurement in which the number of mature, segmented neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A segmented neutrophil is a fully mature granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. JSmith 2014-04-24T12:17:21Z segmented neutrophil granulocyte percentage clinical_measurement_ontology segmented neutrophil count as percentage of total white blood cells segmented neutrophil count to total WBC count ratio segmented neutrophil percentage CMO:0002337 blood segmented neutrophil count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0002337 A calculated measurement in which the number of mature, segmented neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A segmented neutrophil is a fully mature granular leucocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, cytoplasm containing very fine granules, and which is readily stainable with neutral dyes. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of band neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the total number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A band neutrophil is an immature neutrophil with a horse-shoe or parallel-sided shaped nucleus and represents the final stage of differentiation before the mature segmented neutrophil. JSmith 2014-04-24T12:17:30Z band neutrophil granulocyte percentage clinical_measurement_ontology band neutrophil count as percentage of total white blood cells band neutrophil count to total WBC count ratio band neutrophil percentage rod neutrophil percentage stab form leukocyte percentage stab neutrophil percentage CMO:0002338 blood band neutrophil count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0002338 A calculated measurement in which the number of band neutrophil granulocytes is divided by the total number of all white blood cells in a specified sample of peripheral venous blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A band neutrophil is an immature neutrophil with a horse-shoe or parallel-sided shaped nucleus and represents the final stage of differentiation before the mature segmented neutrophil. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-0323057479 ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed Website:Website A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells that have not been identified as a specific type of cell is divided by the total number of leukocytes in a specified sample of blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-04-24T12:27:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology non-specified leukocyte percentage percentage of non-categorized leukocytes percentage of uncategorized leukocytes percentage of white blood cells of unspecified type unidentified leukocyte percentage CMO:0002339 This is not the total percentage of leukocytes (e.g. compared to all cells including RBCs) in a sample, but rather is for use when a series of differential percentages is given followed by a number for the percent of WBCs which do not fit into any other category. non-specified leukocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0002339 A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells that have not been identified as a specific type of cell is divided by the total number of leukocytes in a specified sample of blood, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:JRS http://www.anim.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp/nbr/strainsx/hematology_list.aspx The number of white blood cells that have not been identified or categorized as a specific type of cell in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-04-24T12:36:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology count of non-categorized leukocytes count of white blood cells of unspecified type number of white blood cells of unspecified type CMO:0002340 This is not the total number of leukocytes in a sample, but rather is for use when a series of differential counts is given followed by a number for WBCs which do not fit into any other category. blood non-specified leukocyte count CMO:0002340 The number of white blood cells that have not been identified or categorized as a specific type of cell in a specified sample of blood. RGD:JRS http://www.anim.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp/nbr/strainsx/hematology_list.aspx Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of leukocytes, largely colorless blood corpuscles capable of ameboid movement, whose chief function is to protect the body against microorganisms and other disease-causing entities. JSmith 2014-04-24T12:47:44Z leukocyte measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002341 white blood cell measurement CMO:0002341 Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of leukocytes, largely colorless blood corpuscles capable of ameboid movement, whose chief function is to protect the body against microorganisms and other disease-causing entities. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the total amount of protein in that same sample of plasma, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-04-24T13:02:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002342 plasma albumin to plasma total protein ratio CMO:0002342 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the total amount of protein in that same sample of plasma, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a lesion-producing stimulus, sucn as a trauma or a drug, and the observation of symptoms of cerebrovascular lesion or stroke. JSmith 2014-04-24T13:08:59Z MESH:D020521 clinical_measurement_ontology cerebrovascular lesion latency stroke latency CMO:0002343 post-insult time to onset of cerebrovascular lesion CMO:0002343 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of a lesion-producing stimulus, sucn as a trauma or a drug, and the observation of symptoms of cerebrovascular lesion or stroke. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-04-25T10:51:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002344 calculated blood CD4 cell count CMO:0002344 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood. ISBN:978-0323057479 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-04-25T11:21:59Z blood CD45RChigh CD4 T cell count to CD45RClow CD4 T cell count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002345 blood CD45RC(high) CD4 T cell count to CD45RC(low) CD4 T cell count ratio CMO:0002345 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen is divided by the number of lymphocytes expressing both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both the surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-04-25T11:29:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD45RC(+) CD4(+) T cell count blood CD45RC+ CD4+ T cell count blood LCA T4 T cell count CMO:0002346 blood CD45RC CD4 T cell count CMO:0002346 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both the surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed NCBI_Gene:5788 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-04-25T11:30:53Z blood CD45RClow CD4 T lymphocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD45RClow CD4(+) T cell count blood CD45RClow CD4+ T cell count blood low-LCA T4 T cell count CMO:0002347 blood CD45RC(low) CD4 T lymphocyte count CMO:0002347 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed NCBI_Gene:5788 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-04-25T11:30:59Z blood CD45RChigh CD4 T lymphocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD45RChigh CD4(+) T cell count blood CD45RChigh CD4+ T cell count blood high-LCA T4 T cell count CMO:0002348 blood CD45RC(high) CD4 T lymphocyte count CMO:0002348 Measurement of the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigen. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed NCBI_Gene:5788 A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells of one or more specific types in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-05-13T18:19:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation blood differential leukocyte count to total WBC count ratio blood differential leukocyte count as percentage of total white blood cells differential white blood cell percentage CMO:0002349 blood differential leukocyte count to total leukocyte count ratio CMO:0002349 A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells of one or more specific types in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of white blood cells in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells of one or more specific types in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Lymphocytes constitute a type of leukocyte that are mononuclear; nongranular; characterized by a generally round, deeply staining nucleus containing dense chromatin; and are instrumental in the development of immunity. JSmith 2014-05-13T18:22:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation blood differential white blood cell count as percentage of lymphocytes CMO:0002350 blood differential leukocyte count to lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002350 A calculated measurement in which the number of white blood cells of one or more specific types in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Lymphocytes constitute a type of leukocyte that are mononuclear; nongranular; characterized by a generally round, deeply staining nucleus containing dense chromatin; and are instrumental in the development of immunity. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of B cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A B cell is a type of lymphocyte that, when stimulated by a particular antigen, differentiates into plasma cells that synthesize the antibodies which then circulate in the blood and react with the specific antigens. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:01:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood B cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002351 blood B lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002351 A calculated measurement in which the number of B cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A B cell is a type of lymphocyte that, when stimulated by a particular antigen, differentiates into plasma cells that synthesize the antibodies which then circulate in the blood and react with the specific antigens. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of T cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. T cells are thymus-dependent lymphocytes, that is, those that pass through or are influenced by the thymus before migrating to tissues, and are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and delayed hypersensitivity, as well as, in some cases, activating and deactivating other immune cells. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:03:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood T cell count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood T cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002352 blood T lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002352 A calculated measurement in which the number of T cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. T cells are thymus-dependent lymphocytes, that is, those that pass through or are influenced by the thymus before migrating to tissues, and are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and delayed hypersensitivity, as well as, in some cases, activating and deactivating other immune cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of natural killer (NK) cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. NK cells are cells capable of mediating cytotoxic reactions without themselves being specifically sensitized against the target and are critical to the innate immune system. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:04:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood NK cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood NK cell percentage blood natural killer cell percentage CMO:0002353 blood natural killer cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002353 A calculated measurement in which the number of natural killer (NK) cells in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. NK cells are cells capable of mediating cytotoxic reactions without themselves being specifically sensitized against the target and are critical to the innate immune system. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://www.rndsystems.com/molecule_group.aspx?g=2851&r=4&g2=695 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, especially T helper (TH) cells, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:06:21Z blood CD4(+) lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD4 lymphocyte count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood T helper cell percentage blood TH cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002354 blood CD4 lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002354 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD4 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, especially T helper (TH) cells, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer (suppressor/cytotoxic) T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:08:11Z blood CD8(+) cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD8 lymphocyte count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood T(S/C) cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood suppressor/cytotoxic T cell percentage CMO:0002355 blood CD8 lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002355 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD8 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD8 is a glycoprotein on the surface of killer (suppressor/cytotoxic) T lymphocytes that enhances binding with major histocompatibility complex molecules. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the RT6.1 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. RT6 is a surface marker expressed in rodents on most mature peripheral T lymphocytes but not on thymocytes or on other haematopoietic cells. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:09:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood RT6.1 cell percentage blood RT6.1 positive cell count as percentage of total lymphocytes CMO:0002356 blood RT6.1 positive cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002356 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the RT6.1 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. RT6 is a surface marker expressed in rodents on most mature peripheral T lymphocytes but not on thymocytes or on other haematopoietic cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Google_Books:The_Leucocyte_Antigen_Factsbook--2nd_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD25 is the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor and is used as a marker of activated T cells, although it can also be found on other leukocytes including some monocytes, B cells, thymocytes and myeloid precursor cells. CD25 is expressed on a subset of resting T cells but at a much lower level than found on activated cells. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:11:59Z blood CD25(+) lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD25 lymphocyte count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood activated T cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood activated T cell percentage CMO:0002357 blood CD25 lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002357 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CD25 is the alpha chain of the IL-2 receptor and is used as a marker of activated T cells, although it can also be found on other leukocytes including some monocytes, B cells, thymocytes and myeloid precursor cells. CD25 is expressed on a subset of resting T cells but at a much lower level than found on activated cells. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Google_Books:The_Leucocyte_Antigen_Factsbook--2nd_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigenin a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:13:35Z blood CD45RChigh CD4 T lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD45RChigh CD4 T lymphocyte count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood CD45RChigh CD4(+) T cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood T helper 1-like cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood TH1 cell percentage blood TH1-like cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002358 blood CD45RC(high) CD4 T lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002358 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively high amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigenin a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigenin a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. JSmith 2014-05-14T13:18:08Z blood CD45RClow CD4 T lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology blood CD45RClow CD4 T lymphocyte count as percentage of total lymphocytes blood CD45RClow CD4(+) T cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood T helper 2-like cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio blood TH2 cell percentage blood TH2-like cell count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002359 blood CD45RC(low) CD4 T lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0002359 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of blood which express both a relatively low amount of surface CD45RC antigen and surface CD4 antigenin a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. D45RC, also known as the leukocyte common antigen, is the protein produced by the PTPRC (protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C) gene and has been shown to be an essential regulator of T- and B-cell antigen receptor signaling. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:5788 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a viral infection at a point in time or develop a viral infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Viral infection is infection with a virus, a generally submicroscopic agent that lacks independent metabolism and is able to replicate only within a living host cell; the individual particle (virion) consists of nucleic acid (nucleoid) comprised of either DNA or RNA but not both, a protein shell (capsid), and in some but not all cases, a membranous envelope. JSmith 2014-05-16T12:51:12Z MESH:D014777 virus infection incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology viral disease incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002360 viral infection incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002360 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a viral infection at a point in time or develop a viral infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Viral infection is infection with a virus, a generally submicroscopic agent that lacks independent metabolism and is able to replicate only within a living host cell; the individual particle (virion) consists of nucleic acid (nucleoid) comprised of either DNA or RNA but not both, a protein shell (capsid), and in some but not all cases, a membranous envelope. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis at a point in time or develop encephalitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. JSmith 2014-05-16T13:15:14Z MESH:D004660 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002361 encephalitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002361 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis at a point in time or develop encephalitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display any disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system at a point in time or develop a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-05-27T10:07:46Z MESH:D009422 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002362 nervous system disease incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002362 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display any disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system at a point in time or develop a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display any disease, lesion or abnormality of any of the organs of the digestive tract at a point in time or develop such a disease, lesion or abnormality within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. JSmith 2014-05-27T10:23:15Z MESH:D004066 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002363 alimentary/gastrointestinal disease incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002363 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display any disease, lesion or abnormality of any of the organs of the digestive tract at a point in time or develop such a disease, lesion or abnormality within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a state or property related to a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system in a single individual or a group of individuals, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. JSmith 2014-05-27T10:33:09Z MESH:D009422 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002364 nervous system disease measurement CMO:0002364 Any quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a state or property related to a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system in a single individual or a group of individuals, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system, or to the official determination of a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system as the cause of the observed symptom(s). JSmith 2014-05-27T10:44:57Z MESH:D009422 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002365 nervous system disease onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002365 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system, or to the official determination of a disease, lesion or abnormality of the nervous system as the cause of the observed symptom(s). McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of an infection or to the official determination of an infection as the cause of the observed symptom(s). An infection is the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. JSmith 2014-05-27T10:58:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002366 infection onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002366 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of an infection or to the official determination of an infection as the cause of the observed symptom(s). An infection is the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, or parasites in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a viral infection or to the official determination of a viral infection as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Viral infection is infection with a generally submicroscopic agent lacks independent metabolism and is able to replicate only within a living host cell; the individual particle (virion) consists of nucleic acid (nucleoid) comprised of either DNA or RNA but not both, a protein shell (capsid), and in some but not all cases, a membranous envelope. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:02:32Z MESH:D014777 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation viral disease onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002367 viral infection onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002367 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of a viral infection or to the official determination of a viral infection as the cause of the observed symptom(s). Viral infection is infection with a generally submicroscopic agent lacks independent metabolism and is able to replicate only within a living host cell; the individual particle (virion) consists of nucleic acid (nucleoid) comprised of either DNA or RNA but not both, a protein shell (capsid), and in some but not all cases, a membranous envelope. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at a point in time or develop HSV encephalitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:07:30Z MESH:D020803 herpes simplex viral encephalitis incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology HSE incidence/prevalence measurement HSV-induced encephalitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002368 herpes simplex encephalitis incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002368 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at a point in time or develop HSV encephalitis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at a specified point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:14:07Z MESH:D020803 clinical_measurement_ontology HSE prevalence herpes simplex encephalitis prevalence percentage of study population displaying HSE at a point in time CMO:0002369 percentage of study population displaying herpes simplex encephalitis at a point in time CMO:0002369 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at a specified point in time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:14:14Z MESH:D020803 clinical_measurement_ontology HSE incidence herpes simplex encephalitis incidence percentage of study population developing HSE during a period of time CMO:0002370 percentage of study population developing herpes simplex encephalitis during a period of time CMO:0002370 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop encephalitis resulting from a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection at within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. HSV encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, or to the official determination of encephalitis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). JSmith 2014-05-27T11:22:56Z MESH:D004660 clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002371 encephalitis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002371 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, or to the official determination of encephalitis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis, or to the official determination of HSV encephalitis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). HSV-induced encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:28:05Z MESH:D020803 clinical_measurement_ontology HSE onset/diagnosis measurement HSV encephalitis onset/diagnosis measurement Not4Curation CMO:0002372 herpes simplex encephalitis onset/diagnosis measurement CMO:0002372 Any measurement which expresses a quantity related to the beginning, early stages or development of herpes simplex (HSV) encephalitis, or to the official determination of HSV encephalitis as the cause of the observed symptom(s). HSV-induced encephalitis is an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Measurement of the length of time between introduction of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the observation of symptoms of HSV-induced encephalitis, an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. JSmith 2014-05-27T11:32:01Z MESH:D020803 clinical_measurement_ontology HSV encephalitis latency post-insult time to onset of HSE post-insult time to onset of HSV encephalitis CMO:0002373 post-insult time to onset of herpes simplex encephalitis CMO:0002373 Measurement of the length of time between introduction of the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and the observation of symptoms of HSV-induced encephalitis, an acute (or rarely chronic) inflammatory process of the brain caused by Simplexvirus infections which may be fatal. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-05-27T13:10:14Z calculated plasma adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002374 calculated plasma epinephrine level CMO:0002374 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The difference in the amount of epinephrine in a specific volume of plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-05-27T13:13:18Z absolute change in plasma adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002375 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in plasma epinephrine level CMO:0002375 The difference in the amount of epinephrine in a specific volume of plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-05-27T13:18:28Z calculated plasma noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002376 calculated plasma norepinephrine level CMO:0002376 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The difference in the amount of norepinephrine in a specific volume of plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-05-27T13:20:19Z absolute change in plasma noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002377 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in plasma norepinephrine level CMO:0002377 The difference in the amount of norepinephrine in a specific volume of plasma between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a morphological or physiological parameter of non-neoplastic lesions in the kidney. JSmith 2014-05-27T13:59:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation calculated renal non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0002378 calculated kidney non-tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0002378 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of a morphological or physiological parameter of non-neoplastic lesions in the kidney. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the area occupied by renal protein casts is divided by the total, combined area of the outer stripe of the kidney outer medulla and the kidney cortex, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Renal protein casts are gelled proteins precipitated in the renal tubules and molded to the tubular lumen. The medulla outer stripe is the section of the renal medula adjacent to the renal cortex and contains portions of the nephron, including the straight proximal tubules, and portions of the loops of henle and outer medullary collecting ducts. JSmith 2014-05-27T14:01:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology percent area of renal protein casting CMO:0002379 ratio of the area occupied by protein casts to the total area of the kidney outer medulla outer stripe and cortex CMO:0002379 A calculated measurement in which the area occupied by renal protein casts is divided by the total, combined area of the outer stripe of the kidney outer medulla and the kidney cortex, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Renal protein casts are gelled proteins precipitated in the renal tubules and molded to the tubular lumen. The medulla outer stripe is the section of the renal medula adjacent to the renal cortex and contains portions of the nephron, including the straight proximal tubules, and portions of the loops of henle and outer medullary collecting ducts. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikivet.net/Renal_Anatomy_-_Anatomy_%26_Physiology#Renal_Cortex Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of offspring in a litter. A litter refers to the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:27:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002380 calculated litter size measurement CMO:0002380 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of offspring in a litter. A litter refers to the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any quantitative measurement of death, mortality or fatality occuring in the direct progeny of a parent or parents. Death is defined as the cessation of all vital functions of the body. Death of the offspring during embryonic/fetal development may result in resorption, mummification or discharge to the exterior. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:41:34Z EFO:0009437 offspring mortality measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002381 offspring mortality measurement CMO:0002381 Any quantitative measurement of death, mortality or fatality occuring in the direct progeny of a parent or parents. Death is defined as the cessation of all vital functions of the body. Death of the offspring during embryonic/fetal development may result in resorption, mummification or discharge to the exterior. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of blastocysts and/or embryos which die between implantation of the blastocyst and birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:43:38Z percent postimplantation loss postimplantation loss of blastocysts/embryos as percentage of total litter ratio of the number of blastocysts/embryos lost postimplantation to the total number of offspring clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002382 number of blastocysts/embryos lost postimplantation to litter size ratio CMO:0002382 A calculated measurement in which the number of blastocysts and/or embryos which die between implantation of the blastocyst and birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses which die shortly prior to birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:45:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology percent perinatal loss perinatal loss of fetus as percentage of total litter ratio of the number of fetuses lost perinatally to the total number of offspring CMO:0002383 number of fetuses lost perinatally to litter size ratio CMO:0002383 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses which die shortly prior to birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of offspring which are born alive but die shortly following birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:50:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology neonatal death of offspring shortly after birth as percentage of total litter number of neonatal deaths to total litter size ratio percent neonatal deaths percent post-birth perinatal deaths CMO:0002384 number of perinatal live-born offspring deaths to litter size ratio CMO:0002384 A calculated measurement in which the number of offspring which are born alive but die shortly following birth is divided by the total number of offspring in the litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The length of a straight line from the anus to the genitalia, that is, to the base of the genital tubercle in the fetus, to the genital bud in neonatal animals, or to the base of the penis or vagina in older individuals. JSmith 2014-05-27T16:54:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology AGD perineum length CMO:0002385 anogenital distance CMO:0002385 The length of a straight line from the anus to the genitalia, that is, to the base of the genital tubercle in the fetus, to the genital bud in neonatal animals, or to the base of the penis or vagina in older individuals. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perineum The count of mammary areolae (pigmented area normally surrounding the nipple) and/or nipples (mammary papilla, that is, the projection on the anterior surface of the mammary organ which in females gives outlet to the lactiferous ducts) located on the thorax and/or abdomen of mammals. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:09:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology areola or nipple count mammary areola/papilla number CMO:0002386 areola mammae/nipple number CMO:0002386 The count of mammary areolae (pigmented area normally surrounding the nipple) and/or nipples (mammary papilla, that is, the projection on the anterior surface of the mammary organ which in females gives outlet to the lactiferous ducts) located on the thorax and/or abdomen of mammals. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The total weight of two perineal muscles, the levator ani (one or both of a pair of muscles of the pelvic diaphragm that stretches across the bottom of the pelvic cavity like a hammock, supporting the pelvic organs) and the bulbocavernosus muscle (a muscle that covers the bulb of the penis in the male and the bulbus vestibuli in the female), presented as a single measurement. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:17:23Z combined levator ani and bulbospongiosus muscle weight clinical_measurement_ontology LABC weight levator ani/bulbocavernosus muscle weight CMO:0002387 combined levator ani and bulbocavernosus muscle weight CMO:0002387 The total weight of two perineal muscles, the levator ani (one or both of a pair of muscles of the pelvic diaphragm that stretches across the bottom of the pelvic cavity like a hammock, supporting the pelvic organs) and the bulbocavernosus muscle (a muscle that covers the bulb of the penis in the male and the bulbus vestibuli in the female), presented as a single measurement. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is the largest of the endocrine glands, is situated in the neck caudal to the larynx, produces several hormones that are vital in maintaining normal growth and metabolism including thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin, and serves as a storehouse for iodine. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:19:48Z EFO:0004865 thyroid volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002388 thyroid gland measurement CMO:0002388 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is the largest of the endocrine glands, is situated in the neck caudal to the larynx, produces several hormones that are vital in maintaining normal growth and metabolism including thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin, and serves as a storehouse for iodine. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is the largest of the endocrine glands, is situated in the neck caudal to the larynx, produces several hormones that are vital in maintaining normal growth and metabolism including thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin, and serves as a storehouse for iodine. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:22:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002389 thyroid gland morphological measurement CMO:0002389 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is the largest of the endocrine glands, is situated in the neck caudal to the larynx, produces several hormones that are vital in maintaining normal growth and metabolism including thyroxine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin, and serves as a storehouse for iodine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:25:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002390 thyroid gland weight CMO:0002390 The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after desiccation of the excised organ. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:26:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002391 thyroid gland dry weight CMO:0002391 The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after desiccation of the excised organ. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without desiccation. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:26:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002392 thyroid gland wet weight CMO:0002392 The weight of the thyroid gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The bulbourethral glands are two small compound racemose glands that secrete a liquid, mucoid component of seminal fluid. The glands are located on either side of the prostate and drain to the wall of the urethra. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:30:32Z Cowper's gland weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002393 bulbourethral gland weight CMO:0002393 The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The bulbourethral glands are two small compound racemose glands that secrete a liquid, mucoid component of seminal fluid. The glands are located on either side of the prostate and drain to the wall of the urethra. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after desiccation of the excised organ. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:31:47Z Cowper's gland dry weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002394 bulbourethral gland dry weight CMO:0002394 The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after desiccation of the excised organ. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without desiccation. JSmith 2014-05-27T17:31:50Z Cowper's gland wet weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002395 bulbourethral gland wet weight CMO:0002395 The weight of the bulbourethral gland, that is, its heaviness or degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of degree of abnormality of a stomach tumor based on histological assessment of the differentiation state of the cells comprising the tumor. The grade is derived from a one or more measurements matched against an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2014-05-28T11:45:54Z gastric tumor histology grade stomach tumor histological grade clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002396 stomach tumor histology grade CMO:0002396 A measurement of degree of abnormality of a stomach tumor based on histological assessment of the differentiation state of the cells comprising the tumor. The grade is derived from a one or more measurements matched against an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/detection/tumor-grade The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of blood globulins, a broad category of proteins classified by solubility, electrophoretic mobility, and size. Globulins comprise the most or all of the non-albumin plasma proteins in blood and include carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, clotting factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:03:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002397 blood globulin measurement CMO:0002397 The quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of blood globulins, a broad category of proteins classified by solubility, electrophoretic mobility, and size. Globulins comprise the most or all of the non-albumin plasma proteins in blood and include carrier proteins, acute phase reactants, clotting factors, complement components, and immunoglobulins. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:04:48Z EFO:0004813 clinical_measurement_ontology alpha globulin measurement CMO:0002398 blood globulin level CMO:0002398 Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:08:36Z EFO:0004568 serum non-albumin protein measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002399 serum globulin level CMO:0002399 Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:08:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002400 calculated blood albumin level CMO:0002400 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:08:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002401 plasma globulin level CMO:0002401 Measurement of the amount of globulins, a broad category of plasma proteins, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of globulin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:24:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002402 blood albumin level to blood globulin level ratio CMO:0002402 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of globulin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of globulin in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:26:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002403 calculated blood globulin level CMO:0002403 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of globulin in a specified sample of blood. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed This is a calculated measurement of the relative difference in the activity of the renal sympathetic nerve between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Ratio of change is calculated as the difference between the two values divided by the baseline, starting or reference value. JSmith 2014-05-28T12:40:51Z ratio of change in RSNA percent change in RSNA clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002404 ratio of change in renal sympathetic nerve activity CMO:0002404 This is a calculated measurement of the relative difference in the activity of the renal sympathetic nerve between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Ratio of change is calculated as the difference between the two values divided by the baseline, starting or reference value. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change A calculated measurement in which the weight of the liver after excision from the body but without dessication is divided by total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-28T15:09:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology liver wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002405 liver wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002405 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the liver after excision from the body but without dessication is divided by total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both lungs after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-28T15:13:48Z lung weight, wet/body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology lung wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002406 lung wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002406 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both lungs after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the total, combined weight of both lungs after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-28T15:16:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology both lungs wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002407 both lungs wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002407 A calculated measurement in which the total, combined weight of both lungs after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed A calculated value in which the weight of the heart after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-28T15:22:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart wet weight as a percentage of body weight CMO:0002408 heart wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002408 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the spleen after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T11:25:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology spleen wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002409 spleen wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002409 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the spleen after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the brain after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T11:41:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology brain wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002410 brain wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002410 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the brain after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the combined weight of both adrenal glands after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T12:50:43Z both adrenal glands wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology both suprarenal glands wet weight to body weight ratio ratio of the wet weight of both adrenal glands to the weight of the body CMO:0002411 both adrenal glands wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002411 A calculated measurement in which the combined weight of both adrenal glands after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement in which the weight of one individual adrenal gland after removal from the budy but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T12:54:27Z ratio of the wet weight of a single adrenal gland to the weight of the body clinical_measurement_ontology single adrenal gland wet weight as percentage of body weight single suprarenal gland wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002412 single adrenal gland wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002412 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one individual adrenal gland after removal from the budy but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the uterus, the hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the fertilized ovum normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. JSmith 2014-05-29T12:58:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002413 uterus morphological measurement CMO:0002413 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the uterus, the hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the fertilized ovum normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both uterine horns. A uterine horn is one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body to which the uterine tubes connect. The horns are largest in mammals that bear many young (polytocous) and shorter in those that bear single young (unitocous). JSmith 2014-05-29T13:46:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002414 uterine horn morphological measurement CMO:0002414 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or both uterine horns. A uterine horn is one of the pair of tubular extensions from the uterine body to which the uterine tubes connect. The horns are largest in mammals that bear many young (polytocous) and shorter in those that bear single young (unitocous). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the uterus, the hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the fertilized ovum normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. JSmith 2014-05-29T13:49:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology womb measurement CMO:0002415 uterus measurement CMO:0002415 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the uterus, the hollow muscular organ in female mammals in which the fertilized ovum normally becomes embedded and in which the developing embryo and fetus is nourished. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-05-29T13:52:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002416 uterus weight CMO:0002416 Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. JSmith 2014-05-29T13:55:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated uterine weight CMO:0002417 calculated uterus weight CMO:0002417 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after dessication of the excised organ. JSmith 2014-05-29T13:55:08Z uterine weight, dry uterus weight, dry clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002418 uterus dry weight CMO:0002418 Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after dessication of the excised organ. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without dessication. JSmith 2014-05-29T13:55:11Z uterus weight, wet clinical_measurement_ontology uterine weight, wet CMO:0002419 uterus wet weight CMO:0002419 Measurement of the weight of the uterus, that is, its heaviness or the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity, after removal from the body but without dessication. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol A calculated measurement in which the weight of the uterus is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T14:02:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology uterine weight as percentage of body weight uterus weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002420 uterus weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002420 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the uterus is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the uterus after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. JSmith 2014-05-29T14:04:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology uterine wet weight as percentage of body weight uterus wet weight as percentage of body weight CMO:0002421 uterus wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002421 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the uterus after removal from the body but without dessication is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PGA:Cardiac_protocol The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of blood. Pyruvate is the anion/salt of pyruvic acid; it is the end product of glycolysis and may be metabolized to lactate or to acetyl CoA. JSmith 2014-05-29T16:27:17Z pyruvate measurement CHEBI:15361 EFO:0010117 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002422 blood pyruvate level CMO:0002422 The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of blood. Pyruvate is the anion/salt of pyruvic acid; it is the end product of glycolysis and may be metabolized to lactate or to acetyl CoA. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-05-29T16:28:40Z CHEBI:15361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002423 serum pyruvate level CMO:0002423 The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-05-29T16:28:44Z CHEBI:15361 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002424 plasma pyruvate level CMO:0002424 The amount of pyruvate in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement of creatine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. JSmith 2014-05-29T16:48:00Z CHEBI:16919 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002425 urine creatine measurement CMO:0002425 Any measurement of creatine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of creatine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. JSmith 2014-05-29T16:49:29Z creatine measurement CHEBI:16919 EFO:0010472 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002426 urine creatine level CMO:0002426 The amount of creatine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of creatine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. JSmith 2014-05-29T17:06:07Z CHEBI:16919 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002427 urine creatine excretion rate CMO:0002427 The amount of creatine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid (a non-protein amino acid) occurring in vertebrate tissues, particularly in muscle, where the phosphorylated form serves as an important storage form of high-energy phosphate and supplies energy for muscle contraction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of taurine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. JSmith 2014-05-29T17:38:17Z CHEBI:15891 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002428 urine taurine measurement CMO:0002428 Any measurement of taurine in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the amount of taurine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. JSmith 2014-05-29T17:39:40Z CHEBI:15891 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002429 urine taurine level CMO:0002429 Measurement of the amount of taurine in a specified sample of urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The amount of taurine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. JSmith 2014-05-29T17:40:54Z CHEBI:15891 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002430 urine taurine excretion rate CMO:0002430 The amount of taurine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Taurine is an oxidized sulfur-containing derivative of the amino acid cysteine. It is used in the synthesis of bile salts, is present in bile in combination with cholic acid and can also be found in other organs and tissues such as lungs, muscles and nerves. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Amount of metformin consumed as or in a drink per unit time. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). JSmith 2014-05-29T18:26:58Z CHEBI:6801 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002431 metformin drink intake rate CMO:0002431 Amount of metformin consumed as or in a drink per unit time. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug in the biguanide class which functions to supress the production of glucose by the liver (hepatic gluconeogenesis). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metformin The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of blood. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:15:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002432 blood glutathione level CMO:0002432 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of blood. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:17:47Z serum reduced glutathione level clinical_measurement_ontology serum GSH level CMO:0002433 serum glutathione level CMO:0002433 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:17:55Z plasma reduced glutathione level clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GSH level CMO:0002434 plasma glutathione level CMO:0002434 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:22:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum GSSG level CMO:0002435 serum oxidized glutathione level CMO:0002435 The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:22:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GSSG level CMO:0002436 plasma oxidized glutathione level CMO:0002436 The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of blood. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:22:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood GSSG level CMO:0002437 blood oxidized glutathione level CMO:0002437 The amount of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in a specified sample of blood. GSSG is a molecule produced when glutathione is used as a reducing agent in a biochemical reaction, and consists of a pair of glutathione molecules connected by a disulfide bridge between their cysteine residues. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of blood. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:31:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood GSH level CMO:0002438 blood reduced glutathione level CMO:0002438 The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of blood. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of serum. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:39:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum GSH level CMO:0002439 serum reduced glutathione level CMO:0002439 The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of serum. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of plasma. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:39:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GSH level CMO:0002440 plasma reduced glutathione level CMO:0002440 The amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) in a specified sample of plasma. GSH is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. In GSH (as opposed to the oxidized form, GSSG) the thiol group on the cysteine is in its reduced form, that is, it contains a hydrogen atom and does not form a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of blood. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:47:20Z EFO:0600071 blood glutathione peroxidase measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood GPx activity level blood GSH-Px activity level CMO:0002441 blood glutathione peroxidase activity level CMO:0002441 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of blood. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:49:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum GPx activity level serum GSH-Px activity level CMO:0002442 serum glutathione peroxidase activity level CMO:0002442 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:49:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GPx activity level plasma GSH-Px activity level CMO:0002443 plasma glutathione peroxidase activity level CMO:0002443 The amount of ezymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of two glutathiones with H2O2, forming glutathione disulfide and two water molecules, and is a crucial enzyme in hydrogen peroxide detoxification. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of blood. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). JSmith 2014-06-05T12:53:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood SOD activity level CMO:0002444 blood superoxide dismutase activity level CMO:0002444 The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of blood. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superoxide_dismutase The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). JSmith 2014-06-05T12:55:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum SOD activity level CMO:0002445 serum superoxide dismutase activity level CMO:0002445 The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superoxide_dismutase The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). JSmith 2014-06-05T12:55:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma SOD activity level CMO:0002446 plasma superoxide dismutase activity level CMO:0002446 The amount of ezymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. SOD is a metalloprotein enzyme that catalyses the conversion of highly reactive superoxide radicals (O2-) to the less toxic products hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and molecular oxygen (O2). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superoxide_dismutase The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of blood. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:58:25Z blood MDA level blood lipid peroxide level blood thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002447 blood malondialdehyde level CMO:0002447 The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of blood. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay of lipid peroxidation. JSmith 2014-06-05T12:59:57Z plasma MDA level plasma lipid peroxide level plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002448 plasma malondialdehyde level CMO:0002448 The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay of lipid peroxidation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay of lipid peroxidation. JSmith 2014-06-05T13:01:21Z serum MDA level serum lipid peroxide level serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002449 serum malondialdehyde level CMO:0002449 The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde is the substrate for the TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assay of lipid peroxidation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of liver tissue. JSmith 2014-06-05T13:03:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic molecular composition measurement CMO:0002450 liver molecular composition measurement CMO:0002450 Any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of liver tissue. ISBN:0683400088 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. JSmith 2014-06-05T13:04:58Z CHEBI:566274 clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic malondialdehyde level liver propanedial level CMO:0002451 liver malondialdehyde level CMO:0002451 The amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, retinopathy at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:33:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology retinopathy prevalence CMO:0002452 percentage of study population displaying retinopathy at a point in time CMO:0002452 The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, retinopathy at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of retinopathy appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:33:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology retinopathy incidence CMO:0002453 percentage of study population developing retinopathy during a period of time CMO:0002453 The number of new cases of retinopathy appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display retinopathy at a point in time or develop retinopathy within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:33:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002454 retinopathy incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002454 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display retinopathy at a point in time or develop retinopathy within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Retinopathy is a noninflammatory degenerative disease of the retina. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:49:56Z CHEBI:50211 clinical_measurement_ontology serum vitamin A1 level CMO:0002455 serum retinol level CMO:0002455 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:49:56Z CHEBI:50211 clinical_measurement_ontology plasma vitamin A1 level CMO:0002456 plasma retinol level CMO:0002456 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of blood. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. JSmith 2014-06-09T16:49:56Z retinol measurement CHEBI:50211 EFO:0007900 clinical_measurement_ontology blood vitamin A1 level CMO:0002457 blood retinol level CMO:0002457 The amount of retinol in a specified volume of blood. Retinol is a 20-carbon primary alcohol in any of several isomers that is the form of vitamin A found in mammals and that can be converted to the metabolically active forms retinal and retinoic acid. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a vasoconstrictor and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. JSmith 2014-06-09T17:16:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002458 vasoconstrictor-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0002458 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a vasoconstrictor and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 PMID:22031779 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of phenylephrine and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Phenylephrine is an adrenergic drug that is a powerful vasoconstrictor. JSmith 2014-06-09T17:21:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology phenylephrine-induced blood vessel constriction expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0002459 phenylephrine-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0002459 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of phenylephrine and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Phenylephrine is an adrenergic drug that is a powerful vasoconstrictor. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:22031779 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of potassium chloride and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Potassium chloride is the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). It is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. JSmith 2014-06-09T17:30:04Z CHEBI:32588 clinical_measurement_ontology KCl-induced blood vessel constriction expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0002460 potassium chloride-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0002460 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of potassium chloride and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Potassium chloride is the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). It is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:22031779 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to potassium chloride, the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). Potassium chloride is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. JSmith 2014-06-09T18:11:50Z CHEBI:32588 clinical_measurement_ontology KCl response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0002461 potassium chloride response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0002461 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to potassium chloride, the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). Potassium chloride is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:22031779 A calculated value for the concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of KCl is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such KCl-induced contractile energy. Potassium chloride is the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). It is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. JSmith 2014-06-09T18:19:26Z CHEBI:32588 potassium chloride half maximal effective concentration (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology KCl half maximal effective concentration (EC50) CMO:0002462 concentration of potassium chloride at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0002462 A calculated value for the concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of KCl is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such KCl-induced contractile energy. Potassium chloride is the salt of the potassium cation (K+) and the chlorine/chloride anion (Cl-). It is used as an eletroylyte replenisher and has mild vasoconstrictive properties when applied directly to blood vessels. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:22031779 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of KCl is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such KCl-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. JSmith 2014-06-09T18:28:02Z CHEBI:32588 KCl Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) potassium chloride Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002463 logarithm of the concentration of potassium chloride at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0002463 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of potassium chloride (KCl) at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of KCl is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such KCl-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. CHEBI:8093 Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for the concentration of a vasoconstrictor at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of the stimulus is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such stimulus-induced contractile energy. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. JSmith 2014-06-09T18:33:14Z vasoconstrictor half maximal effective concentration (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002464 concentration of vasoconstrictor at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0002464 A calculated value for the concentration of a vasoconstrictor at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of the stimulus is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such stimulus-induced contractile energy. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of a vasoconstrictor at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of the stimulus is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such stimulus-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. JSmith 2014-06-09T18:47:36Z vasoconstrictor Log half maximal effective concentration (Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002465 logarithm of the concentration of vasoconstrictor at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value (Log EC50) CMO:0002465 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of a vasoconstrictor at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of the stimulus is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such stimulus-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. A vasoconstrictor is any agent or condition that narrows blood vessels by constricting the smooth muscle in the vessel walls. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EC50 Measurement of the amount of any xenobiotic in a specified sample of blood. A xenobiotic is a chemical compound foreign to a given biologic system, or more specifically, a pharmacologically, endocrinologically, or toxicologically active substance not endogenously produced and therefore foreign to an organism. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:28:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood foreign compound level CMO:0002466 blood xenobiotic level CMO:0002466 Measurement of the amount of any xenobiotic in a specified sample of blood. A xenobiotic is a chemical compound foreign to a given biologic system, or more specifically, a pharmacologically, endocrinologically, or toxicologically active substance not endogenously produced and therefore foreign to an organism. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:36:43Z CHEBI:46195 blood paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002467 blood acetaminophen level CMO:0002467 Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:37:54Z CHEBI:46195 serum paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002468 serum acetaminophen level CMO:0002468 Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:37:58Z CHEBI:46195 plasma paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002469 plasma acetaminophen level CMO:0002469 Measurement of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:40:26Z CHEBI:46195 calculated blood paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002470 calculated blood acetaminophen level CMO:0002470 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:42:03Z CHEBI:46195 blood acetaminophen level AUC blood paracetamol level area under curve (AUC) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002471 blood acetaminophen level area under curve CMO:0002471 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:46:58Z CHEBI:46195 calculated plasma paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002472 calculated plasma acetaminophen level CMO:0002472 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. JSmith 2014-06-12T12:48:31Z CHEBI:46195 plasma paracetamol level area under curve (AUC) clinical_measurement_ontology plasma acetaminophen AUC CMO:0002473 plasma acetaminophen level area under curve CMO:0002473 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:05:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood GD activity level blood GLDH activity level CMO:0002474 blood glutamate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0002474 Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of blood. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoglutaric_acid Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:08:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum GD activity level serum GLDH activity level CMO:0002475 serum glutamate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0002475 Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoglutaric_acid Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:08:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma GD activity level plasma GLDH activity level CMO:0002476 plasma glutamate dehydrogenase activity level CMO:0002476 Measurement of the amount of ezymatic activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzyme which catalyzes the interconversion of glutamate and alpha-ketoglutarate (ie, the reversible conversion of glutamic acid to 2-oxoglutaric acid and ammonia), in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoglutaric_acid Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the lipids of which the liver is formed or composed. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:18:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation hepatic lipid composition measurement CMO:0002477 liver lipid composition measurement CMO:0002477 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the lipids of which the liver is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in liver. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:48:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002478 liver protein/peptide measurement CMO:0002478 The quantification of any morphological or physiological parameter of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in liver. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the proteins or peptides of which the liver is formed or composed. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:51:09Z liver protein/peptide molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002479 liver protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002479 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the proteins or peptides of which the liver is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of liver tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:56:12Z CHEBI:16856 clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic glutathione level liver GSH level CMO:0002480 liver glutathione level CMO:0002480 The amount of glutathione in a specified sample of liver tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of glutathione in a specified sample of liver tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. JSmith 2014-06-12T13:59:32Z CHEBI:16856 clinical_measurement_ontology calculated hepatic glutathione level calculated liver GSH level CMO:0002481 calculated liver glutathione level CMO:0002481 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of glutathione in a specified sample of liver tissue. Glutathione (GSH/GSSG) is an antioxidant tripeptide with a gamma peptide linkage between the amine group of cysteine (which is attached by normal peptide linkage to a glycine) and the carboxyl group of the glutamate side-chain. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione A calculated measurement in which the amount of oxidized glutathione in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is a glutathione peptide in which the sulfhydryl/thiol group (-SH) of the cysteine has donated its proton (-H) and formed a disulfide bridge (R-S-S-R) with a second glutathione molecule. JSmith 2014-06-12T14:02:10Z CHEBI:17858 liver glutathione disulfide level to liver weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology liver GSSG level to liver weight ratio ratio of hepatic oxidized glutathione level to liver weight CMO:0002482 liver oxidized glutathione level to liver weight ratio CMO:0002482 A calculated measurement in which the amount of oxidized glutathione in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) is a glutathione peptide in which the sulfhydryl/thiol group (-SH) of the cysteine has donated its proton (-H) and formed a disulfide bridge (R-S-S-R) with a second glutathione molecule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione A calculated measurement in which the amount of reduced glutathione in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Reduced glutathione is a glutathione peptide in which the sulfhydryl/thiol group (-SH) of the cysteine exists in its reduced form, rather than as part of a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. JSmith 2014-06-12T14:25:10Z CHEBI:16856 clinical_measurement_ontology liver GSH level to liver weight ratio ratio of hepatic reduced glutathione level to liver weight CMO:0002483 liver reduced glutathione level to liver weight ratio CMO:0002483 A calculated measurement in which the amount of reduced glutathione in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Reduced glutathione is a glutathione peptide in which the sulfhydryl/thiol group (-SH) of the cysteine exists in its reduced form, rather than as part of a disulfide bridge with a second glutathione molecule. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutathione A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. JSmith 2014-06-12T15:08:35Z CHEBI:566274 clinical_measurement_ontology calculated hepatic malondialdehyde level calculated liver propanedial level CMO:0002484 calculated liver malondialdehyde level CMO:0002484 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver tissue. Malondialdehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH2(CHO)2. It is a reactive species which occurs naturally, is generally found in the enol form (HOCH=CH-CHO), and is a marker for oxidative stress. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malondialdehyde A calculated measurement in which the amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-06-12T15:10:23Z CHEBI:566274 clinical_measurement_ontology hepatic malondialdehyde level to liver weight ratio liver propanedial level to liver weight ratio CMO:0002485 liver malondialdehyde level to liver weight ratio CMO:0002485 A calculated measurement in which the amount of malondialdehyde in a specified sample of liver is divided by the total weight of that liver, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:41:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002486 single ovary wet weight CMO:0002486 The weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Total weight after removal from the body but without dessication, of one or both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:44:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002487 ovary wet weight CMO:0002487 Total weight after removal from the body but without dessication, of one or both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The total weight after removal from the body but without dessication, of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:50:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002488 both ovaries wet weight CMO:0002488 The total weight after removal from the body but without dessication, of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of one or both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:53:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002489 ovary dry weight CMO:0002489 The weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of one or both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only the ovary located on the right side of the organism. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:55:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002490 Note, "right" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer (Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location). right ovary wet weight CMO:0002490 Weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only the ovary located on the right side of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only the ovary located on the left side of the organism. JSmith 2014-06-17T17:56:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002491 Note, "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer (Wikipedia: Anatomical_terms_of_location). left ovary wet weight CMO:0002491 Weight after removal from the body but without dessication of only the ovary located on the left side of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The total weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T18:09:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002492 both ovaries dry weight CMO:0002492 The total weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of both of the female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. JSmith 2014-06-17T18:09:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002493 single ovary dry weight CMO:0002493 The weight after removal from the body and subsequent dessication, of only one of the pair of female sexual glands in which the oocytes are formed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the number of male offspring in a litter is divided by the total number of (male and female) offspring in that litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A male offspring is one with the potential to produce spermatozoa at maturity and the genome of which includes a Y chromosome. JSmith 2014-06-17T18:20:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002494 number of male offspring to litter size ratio CMO:0002494 A calculated measurement in which the number of male offspring in a litter is divided by the total number of (male and female) offspring in that litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A male offspring is one with the potential to produce spermatozoa at maturity and the genome of which includes a Y chromosome. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that are male. A male offspring is one with the potential to produce spermatozoa at maturity and the genome of which includes a Y chromosome. JSmith 2014-06-17T18:21:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002495 number of male offspring per litter CMO:0002495 The quantity determined by count of the number of animals in a group of neonates, products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, that are male. A male offspring is one with the potential to produce spermatozoa at maturity and the genome of which includes a Y chromosome. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. The ventral/anterior wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. JSmith 2014-06-24T10:28:27Z heart left ventricle end-diastolic ventral wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology LVAWd CMO:0002496 heart left ventricle end-diastolic anterior wall thickness CMO:0002496 The thickness or depth of the ventral/anterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. The ventral/anterior wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is farthest from the spine and closest to the chest wall of the organism. PGA:Ultrasound_protocol RGD:JRS A calculated measurement in which the weight of the left ventricle of the heart is divided by its area at end-diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSmith 2014-06-24T10:38:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002497 heart left ventricle weight to heart left ventricle end-diastolic area ratio CMO:0002497 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the left ventricle of the heart is divided by its area at end-diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction(s) in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-06-24T15:58:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002498 blood enzyme measurement CMO:0002498 Any measurement of a protein that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction(s) in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of an enzyme in a specified sample of blood, measured as the quantitation of the protein itself, rather than as the assessment of catalytic activity attributable to that enzyme. JSmith 2014-06-24T16:00:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002499 blood enzyme protein level CMO:0002499 Measurement of the amount of an enzyme in a specified sample of blood, measured as the quantitation of the protein itself, rather than as the assessment of catalytic activity attributable to that enzyme. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of plasma (the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended) via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. JSmith 2014-06-25T12:39:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002500 plasma direct renin activity level CMO:0002500 Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of plasma (the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended) via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:15339872 Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of serum (the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed) via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. JSmith 2014-06-25T12:39:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002501 serum direct renin activity level CMO:0002501 Measurement of the amount of renin activity in a specified sample of serum (the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed) via the direct immunologic detection of the renin protein in the sample and subsequent conversion of the protein level to an activity level. PMID:15339872 Any measurement of the movement of blood into, through or out of the heart. JSmith 2014-07-01T11:15:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002502 heart blood flow measurement CMO:0002502 Any measurement of the movement of blood into, through or out of the heart. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the speed at which blood flows into the ventricle during passive filling, that is, during the period when the blood flows from the atrium to the ventricle due to gravity rather than as a result of active contraction of the atrium. JSmith 2014-07-01T11:21:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002503 E wave velocity CMO:0002503 Measurement of the speed at which blood flows into the ventricle during passive filling, that is, during the period when the blood flows from the atrium to the ventricle due to gravity rather than as a result of active contraction of the atrium. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E/A_ratio http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2215/ An echocardiographic measurement of the amount of time between the maximum 'E point', that is, the maximum velocity of passive blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle, and the return to baseline at the end of early mitral flow. JSmith 2014-07-01T11:23:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology DT EDT CMO:0002504 E wave deceleration time CMO:0002504 An echocardiographic measurement of the amount of time between the maximum 'E point', that is, the maximum velocity of passive blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle, and the return to baseline at the end of early mitral flow. http://eknygos.lsmuni.lt/springer/641/119-131.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E/A_ratio Measurement of the decrease in transmitral blood flow velocity per unit time or the rate at which the velocity of passive blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle decreases over time as the ventricle fills and the atrium empties, calculated as the slope of transmitral velocity vs time. JSmith 2014-07-01T11:26:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology EDR CMO:0002505 E wave deceleration rate CMO:0002505 Measurement of the decrease in transmitral blood flow velocity per unit time or the rate at which the velocity of passive blood flow from the atrium to the ventricle decreases over time as the ventricle fills and the atrium empties, calculated as the slope of transmitral velocity vs time. PMID:17588719 http://123sonography.com/node/943 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E/A_ratio The number of times food is consumed, that is, the number of discrete occurrences of food consumption, during a specified period of time. JSmith 2014-07-28T13:08:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002506 food intake frequency CMO:0002506 The number of times food is consumed, that is, the number of discrete occurrences of food consumption, during a specified period of time. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The average number of times per day that an individual animal approaches and/or eats from a self-feeder, a device designed to deliver food to an animal or a group of animals in an automated or semi-automated fashion. JSmith 2014-07-28T13:16:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of visits to self-feeder per day CMO:0002507 number of visits to feeder per day CMO:0002507 The average number of times per day that an individual animal approaches and/or eats from a self-feeder, a device designed to deliver food to an animal or a group of animals in an automated or semi-automated fashion. QTLdb:CAP Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of individual parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSmith 2014-07-28T13:39:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002508 parasite size measurement CMO:0002508 Any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of individual parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of an individual parasitic organism in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid from the host organism. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSmith 2014-07-28T13:47:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002509 parasite length CMO:0002509 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of an individual parasitic organism in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid from the host organism. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The age, that is, the duration of the life of the mother at the point in time when her initial offspring is born; the earliest or youngest age at which a specific individual has given birth. JSmith 2014-07-28T14:34:27Z EFO:0009101 age at first birth measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002510 maternal age at birth of first offspring CMO:0002510 The age, that is, the duration of the life of the mother at the point in time when her initial offspring is born; the earliest or youngest age at which a specific individual has given birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed A calculated measurement of the average number of skeletal muscle fibers in a cross-section of muscle divided by the corresponding area of that muscle sample. JSmith 2014-07-28T15:20:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology skeletal muscle fiber count to muscle cross-sectional area ratio CMO:0002511 skeletal muscle fiber density CMO:0002511 A calculated measurement of the average number of skeletal muscle fibers in a cross-section of muscle divided by the corresponding area of that muscle sample. PMID:22554470 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the long fusiform muscle of the upper arm (or the upper segment of the foreleg of quadrupeds) located on the anterior surface of the humerus. It arises in two heads from the scapula and flexes the elbow, integrates the actions of the shoulder and elbow and, in humans, supinates the hand. JSmith 2014-07-28T17:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002512 biceps brachii muscle weight CMO:0002512 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of the long fusiform muscle of the upper arm (or the upper segment of the foreleg of quadrupeds) located on the anterior surface of the humerus. It arises in two heads from the scapula and flexes the elbow, integrates the actions of the shoulder and elbow and, in humans, supinates the hand. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension of all or part of a skeletal muscle, one of the striated muscles attached to bones. JSmith 2014-07-28T17:57:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002513 skeletal muscle length CMO:0002513 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension of all or part of a skeletal muscle, one of the striated muscles attached to bones. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of the long fusiform muscle of the upper arm (or the upper segment of the foreleg of quadrupeds) located on the anterior surface of the humerus. It arises in two heads from the scapula and flexes the elbow, integrates the actions of the shoulder and elbow and, in humans, supinates the hand. JSmith 2014-07-28T17:58:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002514 biceps brachii muscle length CMO:0002514 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of the long fusiform muscle of the upper arm (or the upper segment of the foreleg of quadrupeds) located on the anterior surface of the humerus. It arises in two heads from the scapula and flexes the elbow, integrates the actions of the shoulder and elbow and, in humans, supinates the hand. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of a muscle, an organ which contracts to produce movement. JSmith 2014-07-28T18:01:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002515 muscle length CMO:0002515 The distance between the two ends, that is, the extent of the longest dimension, of a muscle, an organ which contracts to produce movement. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. JSmith 2014-08-04T14:38:43Z white blood cell level of radioactive nucleoside incorporation clinical_measurement_ontology white blood cell DNA synthesis measurement white blood cell proliferation measurement CMO:0002516 white blood cell radioactive nucleoside incorporation CMO:0002516 Measurement of the amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us/en/home/references/protocols/cell-and-tissue-analysis/cell-profilteration-assay-protocols/angiogenesis-protocols/thymidine-incorporation-assay.html The difference in antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-08-04T15:16:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology antibody response CMO:0002517 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in antibody titer CMO:0002517 The difference in antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F The difference in the logarithm of the antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. JSmith 2014-08-04T15:17:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology Log antibody response change in Log(Ab titer) CMO:0002518 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in the logarithm of the antibody titer CMO:0002518 The difference in the logarithm of the antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of blood. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. JSmith 2014-08-04T16:07:34Z EFO:0004640 haptoglobin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002519 blood haptoglobin level CMO:0002519 Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of blood. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. NCBI_Gene:3240 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. JSmith 2014-08-04T16:08:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002520 serum haptoglobin level CMO:0002520 Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 NCBI_Gene:3240 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. JSmith 2014-08-04T16:09:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002521 plasma haptoglobin level CMO:0002521 Measurement of the amount of haptoglobin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Haptoglobin is a serum alpha2 globulin glycoprotein, produced by the liver, that functions to bind free plasma hemoglobin, which allows degradative enzymes to gain access to the hemoglobin, while at the same time preventing loss of iron through the kidneys and protecting the kidneys from damage by hemoglobin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed NCBI_Gene:3240 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The combined weight of all offspring in a litter, that is, the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, at the time of or shortly after birth. JSmith 2014-08-04T16:24:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002522 total weight of neonates per litter CMO:0002522 The combined weight of all offspring in a litter, that is, the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, at the time of or shortly after birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The combined weight of all viable offspring in a litter, that is, the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, at the time of or shortly after birth. JSmith 2014-08-04T16:26:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002523 total weight of live neonates per litter CMO:0002523 The combined weight of all viable offspring in a litter, that is, the products of one gestation produced at one birth by a multiparous mammal, at the time of or shortly after birth. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement having to do with the artificial stimulation of ovulation, that is, the planned production of a greater than normal number of ova in an individual female during a single ovulation period, and/or the introduction of sperm into the female reproductive tract through means other than normal sexual intercourse. JSMITH 2014-08-05T13:44:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology SO/AI measurement ovarian hyperstimulation/artificial insemination measurement CMO:0002524 superovulation/artificial insemination measurement CMO:0002524 Any measurement having to do with the artificial stimulation of ovulation, that is, the planned production of a greater than normal number of ova in an individual female during a single ovulation period, and/or the introduction of sperm into the female reproductive tract through means other than normal sexual intercourse. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_insemination The number of embryos produced in the process of a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination that have degenerated and are not likely to be viable or to produce offspring if transfered to a recipient. JSMITH 2014-08-05T14:13:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of degenerated embryos per round of SO/AI CMO:0002525 number of degenerate embryos per superovulation/artificial insemination event CMO:0002525 The number of embryos produced in the process of a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination that have degenerated and are not likely to be viable or to produce offspring if transfered to a recipient. http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/management_and_nutrition/embryo_transfer_in_farm_animals/embryo_transfer_in_cattle.html The number of embryos produced in the process of a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination that are of sufficient quality to transfer from the donor female to a recipient female with a reasonable expectation of producing viable offspring. JSMITH 2014-08-05T14:33:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of transferable embryos per round of SO/AI CMO:0002526 number of transferable embryos per superovulation/artificial insemination event CMO:0002526 The number of embryos produced in the process of a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination that are of sufficient quality to transfer from the donor female to a recipient female with a reasonable expectation of producing viable offspring. http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/management_and_nutrition/embryo_transfer_in_farm_animals/embryo_transfer_in_cattle.html The number of female gametes, recovered from a donor following a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination, that did not undergo fertilization, that is, the union of male and female gametes to form the diploid zygote, leading to development of a new individual. JSMITH 2014-08-05T14:40:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of unfertilized eggs recovered per round of SO/AI CMO:0002527 number of unfertilized ova per superovulation/artificial insemination event CMO:0002527 The number of female gametes, recovered from a donor following a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination, that did not undergo fertilization, that is, the union of male and female gametes to form the diploid zygote, leading to development of a new individual. http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/management_and_nutrition/embryo_transfer_in_farm_animals/embryo_transfer_in_cattle.html A count of the total number of female gametes, regardless of final status or quality, produced in a donor female during a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination. JSMITH 2014-08-05T14:41:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002528 total number of ova per superovulation/artificial insemination event CMO:0002528 A count of the total number of female gametes, regardless of final status or quality, produced in a donor female during a single round of superovulation and artificial insemination. http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/management_and_nutrition/embryo_transfer_in_farm_animals/embryo_transfer_in_cattle.html Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of blood. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. JSMITH 2014-08-05T15:42:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002529 blood tyrosinase activity level CMO:0002529 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of blood. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. JSMITH 2014-08-05T15:43:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002530 serum tyrosinase activity level CMO:0002530 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. JSMITH 2014-08-05T15:47:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002531 plasma tyrosinase activity level CMO:0002531 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by tyrosinase (Tyr) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Tyr is a copper-containing enzyme of plant and animal tissues that catalyzes the production of melanin and other pigments from tyrosine by oxidation. Tyr is the rate-limiting enzyme for controlling the production of melanin. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle fiber, any of the cells of skeletal or cardiac muscle tissue. Each cell is one fiber of the muscle. JSMITH 2014-08-05T16:38:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002532 muscle fiber measurement CMO:0002532 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle fiber, any of the cells of skeletal or cardiac muscle tissue. Each cell is one fiber of the muscle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a muscle fiber, any of the cells of skeletal or cardiac muscle tissue. Each cell is one fiber of the muscle. JSMITH 2014-08-05T16:41:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002533 muscle fiber morphological measurement CMO:0002533 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a muscle fiber, any of the cells of skeletal or cardiac muscle tissue. Each cell is one fiber of the muscle. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurementof the physical form or structure of a skeletal muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of skeletal muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils and across which run transverse striations. JSMITH 2014-08-05T16:42:27Z EFO:0600036 muscle fiber cross-sectional area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002534 skeletal muscle fiber morphological measurement CMO:0002534 Any measurementof the physical form or structure of a skeletal muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of skeletal muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils and across which run transverse striations. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The average number of capillaries associated with and/or surrounding an individual skeletal muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of skeletal muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils and across which run transverse striations. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. JSMITH 2014-08-05T16:43:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of capillaries per skeletal muscle cell CMO:0002535 number of capillaries per skeletal muscle fiber CMO:0002535 The average number of capillaries associated with and/or surrounding an individual skeletal muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of skeletal muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils and across which run transverse striations. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. JSMITH 2014-08-05T16:46:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002536 capillary measurement CMO:0002536 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which amount of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein in a specified sample of milk is divided by corresponding amount of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSMITH 2014-08-05T17:36:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002537 milk alpha-casein content to beta-casein content ratio CMO:0002537 A calculated measurement in which amount of the alpha fraction of the casein phosphoprotein in a specified sample of milk is divided by corresponding amount of the beta fraction of the casein phosphoprotein, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The difference in hematocrit (the percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells) between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSMITH 2014-08-05T17:44:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in packed cell volume absolute change in packed red blood cell volume delta Hct CMO:0002538 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in hematocrit CMO:0002538 The difference in hematocrit (the percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells) between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F A calculated measurement of the relative difference in hematocrit (the percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells) between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. JSMITH 2014-08-05T17:48:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology % change in Hct percent change in packed cell volume percent change in packed red blood cell volume CMO:0002539 percent change in hematocrit CMO:0002539 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in hematocrit (the percentage of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells) between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-0323057479 Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of left ventricular relaxation and the start of left ventricular filling. This represents the time in the cardiac cycle between closure of the aortic valve and opening of the mitral valve. JSMITH 2014-08-06T10:31:27Z time constant of isovolumetric LV fall clinical_measurement_ontology LV-IVRT CMO:0002540 left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time CMO:0002540 The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of left ventricular relaxation and the start of left ventricular filling. This represents the time in the cardiac cycle between closure of the aortic valve and opening of the mitral valve. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://123sonography.com/node/943 The time interval from the completion of the mitral valve closure to the beginning of the aortic valve opening, that is, the period of contraction during which both the mitral and aortic valves are closed so that the volume of the ventricular space doesn't change. JSMITH 2014-08-06T10:46:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002541 left ventricular isovolumetric contraction time CMO:0002541 The time interval from the completion of the mitral valve closure to the beginning of the aortic valve opening, that is, the period of contraction during which both the mitral and aortic valves are closed so that the volume of the ventricular space doesn't change. PMID:7464080 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isovolumetric_contraction The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual, fully-developed parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. JSMITH 2014-08-08T13:28:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002542 adult parasite count CMO:0002542 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual, fully-developed parasitic organisms in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual, parasitic organisms in the initial stage of developement found in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. The egg or oocyst stage usually precedes a larval stage of parasite development. JSMITH 2014-08-08T13:30:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002543 parasite egg/oocyst count CMO:0002543 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of individual, parasitic organisms in the initial stage of developement found in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. The egg or oocyst stage usually precedes a larval stage of parasite development. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number of parasite eggs present in a specified sample of host feces, the usually solid waste matter discharged from the digestive tract after food has been digested. In parasitology, eggs are fertilized gametes, especially of species such as nematodes, which through further development give rise to larvae and then adult parasites. Parasite eggs are distinguished from oocysts by the lack of a thick encapsulating cyst wall. JSMITH 2014-08-08T13:40:46Z faecal parasite egg count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002544 fecal parasite egg count CMO:0002544 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number of parasite eggs present in a specified sample of host feces, the usually solid waste matter discharged from the digestive tract after food has been digested. In parasitology, eggs are fertilized gametes, especially of species such as nematodes, which through further development give rise to larvae and then adult parasites. Parasite eggs are distinguished from oocysts by the lack of a thick encapsulating cyst wall. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.aasv.org/shap/issues/v5n2/v5n2p67.pdf The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number of oocystsin a specified sample of host feces, the usually solid waste matter discharged from the digestive tract after food has been digested. An oocyst is an encysted or encapsulated ookinete of a sporozoan organism, especially those of the order Coccidia. Oocysts are distinguished from eggs by the presence of a thick encapsulating cyst wall. JSMITH 2014-08-08T16:11:11Z faecal parasite oocyst count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002545 fecal parasite oocyst count CMO:0002545 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number of oocystsin a specified sample of host feces, the usually solid waste matter discharged from the digestive tract after food has been digested. An oocyst is an encysted or encapsulated ookinete of a sporozoan organism, especially those of the order Coccidia. Oocysts are distinguished from eggs by the presence of a thick encapsulating cyst wall. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The quantity determined by count of the number of embryos produced in a single pregnancy, especially in a multiparous mammal, that are living and have the potential to develop into offspring that survive and are alive at birth. An embryo is a new organism in the earliest stage of development. In mammals, this corresponds to the period from the time the implanted blastocyst begins to develop a long axis up to the time that the major structures have begun to develop. JSMITH 2014-08-08T16:56:30Z number of live embryos per gestation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002546 number of viable embryos per gestation CMO:0002546 The quantity determined by count of the number of embryos produced in a single pregnancy, especially in a multiparous mammal, that are living and have the potential to develop into offspring that survive and are alive at birth. An embryo is a new organism in the earliest stage of development. In mammals, this corresponds to the period from the time the implanted blastocyst begins to develop a long axis up to the time that the major structures have begun to develop. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. JSMITH 2014-08-08T17:30:23Z white blood cell basal level of radioactive nucleoside incorporation clinical_measurement_ontology basal white blood cell DNA synthesis measurement basal white blood cell proliferation measurement baseline white blood cell radioactive nucleoside incorporation unstimulated white blood cell radioactive nucleoside incorporation CMO:0002547 basal white blood cell radioactive nucleoside incorporation CMO:0002547 Measurement of the unstimulated, baseline or lowest possible amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us/en/home/references/protocols/cell-and-tissue-analysis/cell-profilteration-assay-protocols/angiogenesis-protocols/thymidine-incorporation-assay.html Measurement of the amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time following treatment with a substance that induces mitosis resulting in increased cell proliferation. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. JSMITH 2014-08-08T17:34:32Z white blood cell mitogen-stimulated level of radioactive nucleoside incorporation clinical_measurement_ontology mitogen-stimulated white blood cell DNA synthesis measurement mitogen-stimulated white blood cell proliferation measurement CMO:0002548 mitogen-stimulated white blood cell radioactive nucleoside incorporation CMO:0002548 Measurement of the amount of a radioactive nucleoside, such as tritiated (3H-) thymidine, incorporated into white blood cells during a specified period of time following treatment with a substance that induces mitosis resulting in increased cell proliferation. The level of nucleoside incorporation is proportional to the amount of cell proliferation and is used as a measure of the latter. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymidine http://www.lifetechnologies.com/us/en/home/references/protocols/cell-and-tissue-analysis/cell-profilteration-assay-protocols/angiogenesis-protocols/thymidine-incorporation-assay.html Any calculated measurement of the absolute or relative difference in antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions. JSMITH 2014-08-11T15:04:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology antibody response CMO:0002549 change in antibody titer CMO:0002549 Any calculated measurement of the absolute or relative difference in antibody titer between two points in time or two conditions. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary A calculated measurement of the relative difference in antibody titer between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. JSMITH 2014-08-11T15:07:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology relative change in antibody titer CMO:0002550 percent change in antibody titer CMO:0002550 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in antibody titer between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of right ventricular relaxation and the start of right ventricular filling. JSMITH 2014-08-18T11:44:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology RV-IVRT CMO:0002551 right ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time CMO:0002551 The length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of right ventricular relaxation and the start of right ventricular filling. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://123sonography.com/node/943 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of left ventricular relaxation and the start of left ventricular filling. JSMITH 2014-08-18T11:59:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology calculated LV-IVRT CMO:0002552 calculated left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time CMO:0002552 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the length of time in the cardiac cycle between the end of left ventricular relaxation and the start of left ventricular filling. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary http://123sonography.com/node/943 A calculated measurement in which the value of the left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time is corrected by the square root of the R-R interval [IVRT/(RR)1/2] on a simultaneously-recorded ECG. JSMITH 2014-08-18T12:04:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002553 heart rate-corrected left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time CMO:0002553 A calculated measurement in which the value of the left ventricular isovolumetric relaxation time is corrected by the square root of the R-R interval [IVRT/(RR)1/2] on a simultaneously-recorded ECG. PMID:19461651 Measurement of the length of time between the closing of the mitral valve (the dual-flap valve in the heart that controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle) at the end of ventricular filling (that is, after atrial contraction) and its opening at the beginning of the next round of ventricular filling. JSMITH 2014-08-18T12:19:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology MV co CMO:0002554 mitral valve closure to opening time CMO:0002554 Measurement of the length of time between the closing of the mitral valve (the dual-flap valve in the heart that controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle) at the end of ventricular filling (that is, after atrial contraction) and its opening at the beginning of the next round of ventricular filling. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitral_Valve The time interval from the opening to the closing of the aortic valve (mechanical systole). JSMITH 2014-08-18T13:27:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology LVET CMO:0002555 left ventricular ejection time CMO:0002555 The time interval from the opening to the closing of the aortic valve (mechanical systole). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_cardiography A calculated measurement comprised of the sum of left ventricular isovolumetric contraction time and isovolumetric relaxation time divided by the left ventricular ejection time. JSMITH 2014-08-18T13:54:20Z (IVCT+IVRT)/ET LV performance index Tei Index left ventricular isovolumetric contraction time and isovolumetric relaxation time to ejection time ratio clinical_measurement_ontology MPI TEI-Doppler index CMO:0002556 myocardial performance index CMO:0002556 A calculated measurement comprised of the sum of left ventricular isovolumetric contraction time and isovolumetric relaxation time divided by the left ventricular ejection time. PMID:9083973 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of any cardiovascular disease state, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. JSMITH 2014-08-18T14:05:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002557 cardiovascular disease severity measurement CMO:0002557 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of any cardiovascular disease state, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement related to a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the cardiovascular system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. JSMITH 2014-08-18T14:20:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002558 cardiovascular disease measurement CMO:0002558 Any measurement related to a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the cardiovascular system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of an arterial disease state, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. Arterial disease is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of one or more arteries, the vessels in which blood flows away from the heart carrying oxygenated blood, that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. JSMITH 2014-08-18T14:23:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002559 arterial disease severity measurement CMO:0002559 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of an arterial disease state, causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. Arterial disease is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of one or more arteries, the vessels in which blood flows away from the heart carrying oxygenated blood, that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the degree to which a tear or break in the continuity or configuration of the aorta (the great artery arising from the left ventricle and from which the systemic arterial system proceeds) causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. JSMITH 2014-08-18T15:16:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002560 aortic rupture severity measurement CMO:0002560 Measurement of the degree to which a tear or break in the continuity or configuration of the aorta (the great artery arising from the left ventricle and from which the systemic arterial system proceeds) causes pain or damage, or interferes with the normal functioning of an organism or of any part thereof. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the fenestrated layer of elastic tissue that is the outermost part of the intima of an artery. JSMITH 2014-08-18T15:33:42Z number of ruptures of internal elastic lamina in arteries number of ruptures of internal elastic laminae in arteries clinical_measurement_ontology number of RIEL in arteries number of ruptures of arterial IEL CMO:0002561 number of ruptures of arterial internal elastic lamina CMO:0002561 The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the fenestrated layer of elastic tissue that is the outermost part of the intima of an artery. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries, that is, the distal segment of the descending aorta and the large arteries that originate from it. JSMITH 2014-08-18T15:35:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of AA- and IA-RIEL number of RIEL in abdominal aorta and iliac arteries CMO:0002562 number of ruptures of the internal elastic lamina of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries CMO:0002562 The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries, that is, the distal segment of the descending aorta and the large arteries that originate from it. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of the renal arteries, that is, the ateries which arise from the side of the abdominal aorta and which supply the kidneys with blood. JSMITH 2014-08-18T15:47:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of RIEL in renal arteries CMO:0002563 number of ruptures of the internal elastic lamina of the renal arteries CMO:0002563 The value or quantity determined by count of tears or breaks in the continuity or configuration of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of the renal arteries, that is, the ateries which arise from the side of the abdominal aorta and which supply the kidneys with blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement of the severity of tears or breaks in the arterial internal elastic lamina (IEL) which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. The IEL is the fenestrated layer of elastic tissue that is the outermost part of the intima of an artery. JSMITH 2014-08-18T15:50:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology arterial RIEL score CMO:0002564 arterial internal elastic lamina rupture composite score CMO:0002564 A measurement of the severity of tears or breaks in the arterial internal elastic lamina (IEL) which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or objective or subjective severity scores according to a specified formula or set of criteria. The IEL is the fenestrated layer of elastic tissue that is the outermost part of the intima of an artery. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of the wall of the aorta is divided by the length (that is, the distance between the two ends) of that segment, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. JSMITH 2014-08-18T18:42:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002565 aorta wall extracellular elastin dry weight to aorta length ratio CMO:0002565 A calculated measurement in which the weight after dessication of the extracellular elastin in a specified sample of the wall of the aorta is divided by the length (that is, the distance between the two ends) of that segment, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement of the existance and severity of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) when such a measurement is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. PDA is the abnormal persistence of an open lumen in the ductus arteriosus, between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, after birth. JSMITH 2014-08-18T18:54:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology PDA score score for PDA CMO:0002566 patent ductus arteriosus score CMO:0002566 A measurement of the existance and severity of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) when such a measurement is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. PDA is the abnormal persistence of an open lumen in the ductus arteriosus, between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, after birth. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of catecholamine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. A catecholamine is any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:22:01Z CHEBI:33567 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002567 urine catecholamine excretion rate CMO:0002567 The amount of catecholamine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. A catecholamine is any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of epinephrine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone of the adrenal medulla that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate and force of contraction, vasoconstriction or vasodilation, relaxation of bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and other metabolic effects. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:29:28Z CHEBI:33568 urine adrenaline excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002568 urine epinephrine excretion rate CMO:0002568 The amount of epinephrine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone of the adrenal medulla that stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in increased heart rate and force of contraction, vasoconstriction or vasodilation, relaxation of bronchiolar and intestinal smooth muscle, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, and other metabolic effects. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of norepinephrine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:32:20Z CHEBI:33569 urine noradrenaline excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002569 urine norepinephrine excretion rate CMO:0002569 The amount of norepinephrine eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the nerve endings of the sympathetic nervous system, that causes vasoconstriction and increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar level. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The quantification of any parameter related to one or more catecholamines, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:41:32Z CHEBI:33567 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002570 urine catecholamine measurement CMO:0002570 The quantification of any parameter related to one or more catecholamines, any of a group of amines composed of a pyrocatechol molecule and the aliphatic portion of an amine that have important physiological effects as neurotransmitters and hormones, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of vanillylmandelic acid eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Vanillylmandelic acid is the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:49:28Z CHEBI:20106 urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology urine VMA excretion rate CMO:0002571 urine vanillylmandelic acid excretion rate CMO:0002571 The amount of vanillylmandelic acid eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Vanillylmandelic acid is the major urinary metabolite of adrenal and sympathetic catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of one or more catecholamines eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. JSmith 2014-08-26T11:52:08Z CHEBI:33568 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002572 calculated urine catecholamine excretion rate CMO:0002572 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of one or more catecholamines eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The calculated difference in urine epinephrine excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-08-26T12:21:52Z CHEBI:33568 absolute change in urine adrenaline excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002573 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in urine epinephrine excretion rate CMO:0002573 The calculated difference in urine epinephrine excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F The calculated difference in urine norepinephrine excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-08-26T12:23:42Z CHEBI:33569 absolute change in urine noradrenaline excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002574 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in urine norepinephrine excretion rate CMO:0002574 The calculated difference in urine norepinephrine excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F The calculated difference in urine vanillylmandelic acid excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. JSmith 2014-08-26T12:25:26Z CHEBI:20106 absolute change in urine 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid excretion rate clinical_measurement_ontology absolute change in urine VMA excretion rate CMO:0002575 The term "absolute change" refers to the subtraction of one value from another, as opposed to a dissimilarity of two values expressed as a ratio or as a percentage. In this context it is not intended to necessarily imply the difference expressed as an absolute value |n|, that is, the numeric value of the difference without regard to its sign. absolute change in urine vanillylmandelic acid excretion rate CMO:0002575 The calculated difference in urine vanillylmandelic acid excretion rate between two points in time or two conditions expressed as the result of the subtraction in and of itself without comparison by ratio with another quantity. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary http://www.psychwiki.com/wiki/What_is_absolute_change%3F Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a sample of pancreatic tissue. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:27:55Z pancreatic tissue molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002576 pancreas molecular composition measurement CMO:0002576 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a sample of pancreatic tissue. Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in a specified tissue or set of tissues. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:32:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002577 tissue protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002577 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins (complex high molecular weight organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur consisting of alpha-amino acids joined by peptide linkages) or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in a specified tissue or set of tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of brain tissue. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:33:09Z brain tissue protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002578 brain protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002578 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of brain tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue from the wall of the aorta. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:35:55Z aortic wall protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002579 aorta wall protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002579 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue from the wall of the aorta. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in any sample of pancreas tissue. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:39:59Z pancreatic tissue protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002580 pancreas protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002580 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in any sample of pancreas tissue. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue derived from the entire pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). JSmith 2014-08-26T13:41:47Z total pancreatic tissue protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002581 whole pancreas protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002581 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue derived from the entire pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue derived from one or more pancreatic islets. JSmith 2014-08-26T13:45:24Z pancreatic islet tissue protein/peptide composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002582 pancreatic islet protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002582 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more proteins or peptides in a specified sample of tissue derived from one or more pancreatic islets. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a specified tissue or set of tissues. A hormone is any complex chemical substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2014-08-26T17:42:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002583 tissue hormone composition measurement CMO:0002583 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a specified tissue or set of tissues. A hormone is any complex chemical substance produced in one part or organ of the body that initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a specified tissue or set of tissues. A peptide hormone is a molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. JSmith 2014-08-26T17:43:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002584 tissue peptide hormone composition measurement CMO:0002584 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a specified tissue or set of tissues. A peptide hormone is a molecular chain compound composed of two or more amino acids joined by peptide bonds that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more peptide hormones in a sample of tissue from the pancreas. JSmith 2014-08-26T17:44:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002585 pancreas peptide hormone composition measurement CMO:0002585 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more peptide hormones in a sample of tissue from the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a sample of tissue from the pancreas. JSmith 2014-08-26T17:44:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002586 pancreas hormone composition measurement CMO:0002586 Any measurement involving the composition, that is, the absolute amount, relative amount or type of one or more hormones in a sample of tissue from the pancreas. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of insulin in a sample of tissue from the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. JSmith 2014-08-26T18:00:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002587 pancreas insulin level CMO:0002587 Measurement of the amount of insulin in a sample of tissue from the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Insulin is the fuel-regulating peptide hormone which is formed from proinsulin in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and which promotes the storage of glucose and the uptake of amino acids, increases protein and lipid synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and gluconeogenesis. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin in a sample of tissue from the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). JSmith 2014-08-26T18:07:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002588 calculated pancreas insulin level CMO:0002588 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of insulin in a sample of tissue from the pancreas without division or fractionation of the tissue (for example separation of the endocrine and exocrine pancreas). Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated parameter derived from a a sequence of blood pressure measurements taken sequentially and ordered in time. A parameter is a mathematical and statistical variable in a model system that partially or completely characterises the mathematical model. JSmith 2014-09-11T17:13:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002589 blood pressure time series calculated parameter CMO:0002589 A calculated parameter derived from a a sequence of blood pressure measurements taken sequentially and ordered in time. A parameter is a mathematical and statistical variable in a model system that partially or completely characterises the mathematical model. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/time_series.html#timeseries A mathematical and statistical variable in a model system that partially or completely characterises the baroreceptor response in a blood pressure time series calculation. The baroreceptor response is the system whereby specific nerve terminals that stabilize moment to moment blood pressure variability in the carotid sinus and aortic arch sense deviations from the baseline pressure and initiate signals that dampens such deviations. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:09:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002590 blood pressure time series baroreceptor response calculation parameter CMO:0002590 A mathematical and statistical variable in a model system that partially or completely characterises the baroreceptor response in a blood pressure time series calculation. The baroreceptor response is the system whereby specific nerve terminals that stabilize moment to moment blood pressure variability in the carotid sinus and aortic arch sense deviations from the baseline pressure and initiate signals that dampens such deviations. PMID:11973321 Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The first order coefficient parameter derived from a blood pressure time series moving average (also known as a rolling average, running average, moving mean, or rolling mean) calculation. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:10:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002591 blood pressure time series first order moving average coefficient CMO:0002591 The first order coefficient parameter derived from a blood pressure time series moving average (also known as a rolling average, running average, moving mean, or rolling mean) calculation. PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_average The fractal parameter derived from a blood pressure time series calculation based on a autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average time series model (ARFIMA, FARIMA, or fARIMA). JSmith 2014-09-11T18:24:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002592 blood pressure time series fractal parameter CMO:0002592 The fractal parameter derived from a blood pressure time series calculation based on a autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average time series model (ARFIMA, FARIMA, or fARIMA). PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoregressive_fractionally_integrated_moving_average The experimental set point parameter of the blood pressure time series baroreceptor response calculation. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:26:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002593 blood pressure time series experimental set point of the baroreceptor response CMO:0002593 The experimental set point parameter of the blood pressure time series baroreceptor response calculation. PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 The average exponential scaling factor parameter of the blood pressure time series baroreceptor response calculation. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:28:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002594 blood pressure time series average exponential scaling factor of the baroreceptor response CMO:0002594 The average exponential scaling factor parameter of the blood pressure time series baroreceptor response calculation. PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 A parameter based on a blood pressure time series calculation using a first order mechanistic model. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:33:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002595 blood pressure time series linear term first order parameter CMO:0002595 A parameter based on a blood pressure time series calculation using a first order mechanistic model. PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 A parameter based on a blood pressure time series calculation using a second order mechanistic model. JSmith 2014-09-11T18:33:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002596 blood pressure time series linear term second order parameter CMO:0002596 A parameter based on a blood pressure time series calculation using a second order mechanistic model. PMID:11973321 PMID:14532335 The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. JSmith 2014-10-29T10:36:08Z end-diastolic heart left ventricle PWT end-diastolic heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002597 Note that "left" in this context refers to the perspective of the organism, not that of the observer. heart left ventricle end-diastolic posterior wall thickness CMO:0002597 The thickness or depth (i.e. the measurement of the two-dimensional extent of the distance between the inner and outer surfaces) of the dorsal/posterior wall of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. The dorsal wall is the portion of the muscle enclosing the ventricle which is closest to the spine and farthest from the chest wall of the organism. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location) Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-10-31T17:13:09Z CHEBI:46195 calculated serum paracetamol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002598 calculated serum acetaminophen level CMO:0002598 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic with effects similar to aspirin but only weakly anti-inflammatory, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. JSmith 2014-10-31T17:17:00Z CHEBI:46195 serum paracetamol level area under curve (AUC) clinical_measurement_ontology serum acetaminophen AUC CMO:0002599 serum acetaminophen level area under curve CMO:0002599 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of acetaminophen in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve A value or quantity determined by count of hepatocellular carcinoma tumors in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, that serve no physiological function, and that display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are primary malignant neoplasms of hepatocytes, epithelial liver cells which perform the functions of the liver such as transformation of carbohydrates, synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids, detoxification of exogenous substances, etc. HCC is often associated with cirrhosis and hepatitis B and/or C infection. JSmith 2014-11-03T12:47:37Z MESH:D006528 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor count malignant hepatocellular carcinoma tumor number clinical_measurement_ontology HCC tumor number CMO:0002600 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor number CMO:0002600 A value or quantity determined by count of hepatocellular carcinoma tumors in the liver or in a specified sample of liver tissue, i.e. growths that result from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells, that serve no physiological function, and that display the properties of anaplasia, invasiveness and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are primary malignant neoplasms of hepatocytes, epithelial liver cells which perform the functions of the liver such as transformation of carbohydrates, synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids, detoxification of exogenous substances, etc. HCC is often associated with cirrhosis and hepatitis B and/or C infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte The number of individuals in a study population which display hepatocellular carcinoma at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-11-03T13:20:43Z MESH:D006528 clinical_measurement_ontology hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence malignant hepatocellular carcinoma prevalence CMO:0002601 percentage of study population displaying hepatocellular carcinoma at a point in time CMO:0002601 The number of individuals in a study population which display hepatocellular carcinoma at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of hepatocellular carcinoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. JSmith 2014-11-03T13:20:43Z MESH:D006528 clinical_measurement_ontology hepatocellular carcinoma incidence malignant hepatocellular carcinoma incidence CMO:0002602 percentage of study population developing hepatocellular carcinoma during a period of time CMO:0002602 The number of new cases of hepatocellular carcinoma appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display hepatocellular carcinoma at a point in time or develop hepatocellular carcinoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are primary malignant neoplasms of hepatocytes, epithelial liver cells which perform the functions of the liver such as transformation of carbohydrates, synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids, detoxification of exogenous substances, etc. HCC is often associated with cirrhosis and hepatitis B and/or C infection. JSmith 2014-11-03T13:20:43Z MESH:D006528 malignant hepatocellular carcinoma incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002603 hepatocellular carcinoma incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002603 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display hepatocellular carcinoma at a point in time or develop hepatocellular carcinoma within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) are primary malignant neoplasms of hepatocytes, epithelial liver cells which perform the functions of the liver such as transformation of carbohydrates, synthesis of cholesterol, bile salts and phospholipids, detoxification of exogenous substances, etc. HCC is often associated with cirrhosis and hepatitis B and/or C infection. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocellular_carcinoma http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatocyte The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-07T16:33:32Z plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002604 plasma E. coli specific antibody titer CMO:0002604 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-11-07T17:37:07Z calculated plasma Escherichia coli specific antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002605 calculated plasma E. coli specific antibody level CMO:0002605 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds with Escherichia coli, a Gram negative rod-shaped bacterium, in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-11-07T17:44:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody level CMO:0002606 blood anti-DNA antibody level CMO:0002606 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of the sugar deoxyribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of blood. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-11-07T17:51:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002607 blood anti-collagen antibody level CMO:0002607 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified sample of blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specified sample of blood. JSmith 2014-11-07T17:54:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002608 blood anti-laminin antibody level CMO:0002608 The amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specified sample of blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:17:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgM-RF level serum IgM-rheumatoid factor level CMO:0002609 serum immunoglobulin M-type rheumatoid factor level CMO:0002609 The amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor The amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:23:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgG-RF level serum IgG-rheumatoid factor level CMO:0002610 serum immunoglobulin G-type rheumatoid factor level CMO:0002610 The amount in a specified sample of serum of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule. Rheumatoid factor (RF) is an autoantibody against the Fc portion of IgG found in rheumatoid arthritis and some other autoimmune diseases. RF and IgG join to form immune complexes that contribute to the disease process. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor The level of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:33:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgG-RFtiter serum IgG-rheumatoid factor titer CMO:0002611 serum immunoglobulin G-type rheumatoid factor titer CMO:0002611 The level of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecule in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:37:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum IgM-RF titer serum IgM-rheumatoid factor titer CMO:0002612 serum immunoglobulin M-type rheumatoid factor titer CMO:0002612 The amount of rheumatoid factor that is expressed as an immunoglobulin M (IgM) molecule in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheumatoid_factor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer Measurement of the amount of a specific autoantibody in a specified sample of blood, determined as the maximal dilution of the sample at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:41:34Z blood anti-self antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002613 blood autoantibody titer CMO:0002613 Measurement of the amount of a specific autoantibody in a specified sample of blood, determined as the maximal dilution of the sample at which that antibody can still be detected. The value represents the denominator of the dilution ratio, i.e., a titer of 32 means that the sample can be maximally diluted 1/32 and still contain enough antibody to be detected. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody_titer Measurement of the amount of an autoantibody in a specified sample. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. JSmith 2014-11-10T12:54:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002614 autoantibody level CMO:0002614 Measurement of the amount of an autoantibody in a specified sample. An autoantibody is an antibody that attacks the cells, tissues, native proteins, or other endogenous molecules of the organism in which it was formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-10T13:00:56Z plasma anti-self antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002615 plasma autoantibody titer CMO:0002615 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-10T13:03:46Z serum anti-self antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002616 serum autoantibody titer CMO:0002616 Measurement of the amount of one or more autoantibodies in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of blood, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-10T13:15:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002617 blood antibody titer CMO:0002617 A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of blood, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-11-10T13:15:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002618 plasma antibody titer CMO:0002618 A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Plasma is the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Serum is the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-11-10T13:15:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002619 serum antibody titer CMO:0002619 A measurement of the amount of a specific antibody in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Serum is the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-11-11T12:44:25Z serum anti-rat type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002620 serum anti-rat type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0002620 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule, specifically one produced by the immune system of a rat against its own collagen, possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen. JSmith 2014-11-11T12:51:51Z serum anti-rat type II collagen autoantibody level serum rat anti-self type 2 collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002621 serum anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody level CMO:0002621 The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule, specifically one produced by the immune system of a rat against its own collagen, possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-11-11T13:50:36Z serum anti-porcine type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002622 serum anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0002622 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen in a specified sample of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T15:05:05Z serum anti-porcine type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002623 serum anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002623 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen in a specified sample of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule, specifically one produced by the immune system of a rat against its own collagen, possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T15:08:26Z serum anti-rat type II collagen autoantibody titer serum rat anti-self type 2 collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002624 serum anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody titer CMO:0002624 The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule, specifically one produced by the immune system of a rat against its own collagen, possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen Measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen in a specified volume of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T15:20:24Z serum anti-type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002625 serum anti-type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002625 Measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen in a specified volume of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T15:24:09Z serum anti-rat type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002626 serum anti-rat type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002626 The amount in a specified sample of serum, of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. JSmith 2014-11-11T15:39:23Z serum anti-type II collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002627 serum anti-type 2 collagen antibody level CMO:0002627 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen Measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, in a specified sample of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T16:23:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002628 serum anti-laminin antibody titer CMO:0002628 Measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, in a specified sample of serum expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T16:32:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002629 serum anti-collagen antibody titer CMO:0002629 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T16:41:37Z serum anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002630 serum anti-DNA antibody titer CMO:0002630 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T16:43:10Z serum anti-double-stranded DNA antibody titer serum anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002631 serum anti-dsDNA antibody titer CMO:0002631 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T16:47:10Z serum anti-single-stranded DNA antibody titer serum anti-single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002632 serum anti-ssDNA antibody titer CMO:0002632 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:03:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002633 plasma anti-laminin antibody titer CMO:0002633 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that specifically binds to laminin, a large polypeptide glycoprotein component of basement membranes, in a specific sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:06:37Z plasma anti-deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002634 plasma anti-DNA antibody titer CMO:0002634 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:08:55Z plasma anti-double-stranded DNA antibody titer plasma anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002635 plasma anti-dsDNA antibody titer CMO:0002635 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a molecule composed of two anti-parallel, hydrogen-bonded, polymeric strands of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:13:26Z plasma anti-single-stranded DNA antibody titer plasma anti-single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002636 plasma anti-ssDNA antibody titer CMO:0002636 A measurement of the amount of immunoglobulin molecule with an amino acid sequence that binds to single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a single polymeric strand of nucleic acids in which the sugar is deoxyribose and which is also composed of phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or thymine, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:18:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002637 plasma anti-collagen antibody titer CMO:0002637 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to one or more types of collagen, the fibrous protein constituent of bone, cartilage, tendon, and other connective tissue, in a specified volume of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer Measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum,expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:21:00Z plasma anti-type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002638 plasma anti-type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002638 Measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of serum,expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:25:01Z plasma anti-bovine type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002639 plasma anti-bovine type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002639 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:28:16Z plasma anti-porcine type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002640 plasma anti-porcine type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002640 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds pig-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule produced by the immune system of a rat and possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds its own type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:31:09Z plasma anti-rat type II collagen autoantibody level plasma rat anti-self type 2 collagen antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002641 plasma anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody level CMO:0002641 The amount of an immunoglobulin molecule produced by the immune system of a rat and possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds its own type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:31:13Z plasma anti-rat type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002642 plasma anti-rat type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002642 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds rat-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule produced by the immune system of a rat and possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds its own type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-11T17:43:45Z plasma anti-rat type II collagen autoantibody titer plasma rat anti-self type 2 collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002643 plasma anti-rat type 2 collagen autoantibody titer CMO:0002643 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule produced by the immune system of a rat and possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds its own type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of plasma, expressed as the last dilution of plasma at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. JSmith 2014-11-12T09:21:17Z serum anti-bovine type II collagen antibody titer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002644 serum anti-bovine type 2 collagen antibody titer CMO:0002644 A measurement of the amount of an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds cattle-derived type 2 collagen, the main fibrous protein constituent of cartilage, in a specified sample of serum, expressed as the last dilution of serum at which a positive result could be obtained. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titer The amount of ash produced by the calcination of bone, that is, a thermal treatment of bone resulting in thermal decomposition and/or removal of the volatile fraction. JSmith 2015-03-06T18:37:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology Ca5(OH)(PO4)3 content CMO:0002645 bone ash content CMO:0002645 The amount of ash produced by the calcination of bone, that is, a thermal treatment of bone resulting in thermal decomposition and/or removal of the volatile fraction. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_ash The amount of calcium in a specified sample of bone. Calcium is the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20, and is the dense hard component of teeth and bones. JSmith 2015-03-06T18:39:35Z CHEBI:22984 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002646 bone calcium content CMO:0002646 The amount of calcium in a specified sample of bone. Calcium is the chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20, and is the dense hard component of teeth and bones. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of phosphorus in a specified sample of bone. Phosphorus is the chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15, and is a major component of the mineral phase of bone. JSmith 2015-03-06T18:42:45Z CHEBI:28659 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002647 bone phosphorus content CMO:0002647 The amount of phosphorus in a specified sample of bone. Phosphorus is the chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15, and is a major component of the mineral phase of bone. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur metaphysis, the segment of the femur that lies between the epiphysis in the femoral neck and the diaphysis (shaft). JSmith 2015-03-06T18:45:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology femoral metaphysis morphological measurement CMO:0002648 femur metaphysis morphological measurement CMO:0002648 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the femur metaphysis, the segment of the femur that lies between the epiphysis in the femoral neck and the diaphysis (shaft). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the femur metaphysis measured from one side to the other, that is, along the mediolateral axis of the bone. JSmith 2015-03-06T18:46:31Z femoral metaphysis mediolateral diameter femur metaphysial medio-lateral diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002649 femur metaphysial mediolateral diameter CMO:0002649 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the femur metaphysis measured from one side to the other, that is, along the mediolateral axis of the bone. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location#Medial_and_lateral The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the femur metaphysis measured from front to back, that is, along the anteroposterior axis of the bone. JSmith 2015-03-06T18:49:49Z femoral metaphysis anteroposterior diameter femur metaphysial anteroposterior diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002650 femur metaphysial anterior-posterior diameter CMO:0002650 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of the femur metaphysis measured from front to back, that is, along the anteroposterior axis of the bone. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location#Anterior_and_posterior The entire number of calories, i.e. the total amount of energy, consumed by an organism, regardless of source. JSmith 2015-03-23T17:45:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology combined food plus drink calorie intake level combined food plus drink energy intake level total energy intake level CMO:0002651 total calorie intake level CMO:0002651 The entire number of calories, i.e. the total amount of energy, consumed by an organism, regardless of source. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of a bacterial infection has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which bacteria has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. A bacterial infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by bacteria, any of the unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and possess a cell wall. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:31:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002652 bacterial infection severity measurement CMO:0002652 Any measurement of the degree to which the presentation of a bacterial infection has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which bacteria has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. A bacterial infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by bacteria, any of the unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and possess a cell wall. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A measurement of bacterial infection severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:33:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology composite score for bacterial infection severity CMO:0002653 bacterial infection severity score CMO:0002653 A measurement of bacterial infection severity which is derived from a combination of multiple measurements and/or an objective or subjective ranking or rating system according to a specified formula or set of criteria. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary RGD:JRS A ranking or rating of bacterial infection severity which is based on or derived from the ratio of the number of leukocytes in a sample of mucosal membrane to total number of cells the that sample. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:35:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology bacterial infection severity score based on the percentage of leukocyte infiltration leukocyte infiltrate in mucosa (% total cellularity) CMO:0002654 bacterial infection severity score based on mucosal leukocyte infiltration CMO:0002654 A ranking or rating of bacterial infection severity which is based on or derived from the ratio of the number of leukocytes in a sample of mucosal membrane to total number of cells the that sample. RGD:JRS A ranking or rating of bacterial infection severity which is based on or derived from the number and/or size of foci of inflammatory cells (that is, leukocytes, especially neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, eosinophils, and/or basophils) in a sample of exudate from an infected tissue or organ. An exudate is a fluid with a high content of protein and cellular debris which has escaped from blood vessels and has been deposited in tissues or on tissue surfaces, usually as a result of inflammation. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:37:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology score of inflammatory exudate in tympanic cavity CMO:0002655 bacterial infection severity score based on inflammatory foci in exudate CMO:0002655 A ranking or rating of bacterial infection severity which is based on or derived from the number and/or size of foci of inflammatory cells (that is, leukocytes, especially neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes, eosinophils, and/or basophils) in a sample of exudate from an infected tissue or organ. An exudate is a fluid with a high content of protein and cellular debris which has escaped from blood vessels and has been deposited in tissues or on tissue surfaces, usually as a result of inflammation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed RGD:JRS The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacteria in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:39:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology bacterial count CMO:0002656 bacteria count CMO:0002656 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacteria in a specified sample of an infected tissue or bodily fluid, or in the entire body of the host. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. A bacterial CFU is an individual bacterium which is able to clonally propagate itself into an entire colony of identical cells. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:41:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology recovered CFU total number of CFU in effusion plus wash CMO:0002657 total number of bacterial colony forming units recovered CMO:0002657 The enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. A bacterial CFU is an individual bacterium which is able to clonally propagate itself into an entire colony of identical cells. Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary PMID:21646454 RGD:JRS The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. A bacterial CFU is an individual bacterium which is able to clonally propagate itself into an entire colony of identical cells. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:46:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology Log recovered CFU logarithm of the total number of CFU in effusion plus wash CMO:0002658 logarithm of the total number of bacterial colony forming units recovered CMO:0002658 The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. A logarithm is the power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. A bacterial CFU is an individual bacterium which is able to clonally propagate itself into an entire colony of identical cells. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Mondofacto:Mondofacto_Online_Medical_Dictionary PMID:21646454 RGD:JRS The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of the bacterial species Haemophilus influenzae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium which is considered an opportunistic pathogen, i.e. one that can colonize a host without causing disease unless there are extenuating circumstances which result in susceptibility on the part of the host. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:53:56Z NCBI_Taxon:727 clinical_measurement_ontology Log recovered H. influenzae CFU logarithm of the total number of H. influenzae CFU in effusion plus wash CMO:0002659 logarithm of the total number of Haemophilus influenzae bacterial colony forming units recovered CMO:0002659 The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of the bacterial species Haemophilus influenzae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium which is considered an opportunistic pathogen, i.e. one that can colonize a host without causing disease unless there are extenuating circumstances which result in susceptibility on the part of the host. PMID:21646454 RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_influenzae The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of the bacterial species Streptococcus pneumoniae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers. JSmith 2015-04-29T08:59:22Z NCBI_Taxon:1313 log of the total number of recovered TIGR4 bacterial CFUs clinical_measurement_ontology Log recovered S. pneumoniae CFU logarithm of the total number of S. pneumoniae CFU in effusion plus wash CMO:0002660 logarithm of the total number of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterial colony forming units recovered CMO:0002660 The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of the bacterial species Streptococcus pneumoniae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a species of Gram-positive, alpha-hemolytic, facultative anaerobic bacteria commonly found in the nasopharynx of healthy human carriers. PMID:21646454 RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_pneumoniae The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of a nontypeable strain of the bacterial species Haemophilus influenzae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae refers to any unencapsulated strain of the Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium species Haemophilus influenza. Such bacteria lack the capsular antigens used to serotype strains and therefore cannot be classified by serology. JSmith 2015-04-29T09:08:05Z NCBI_Taxon:727 clinical_measurement_ontology Log recovered nontypeable H. influenzae CFU log of the total number of recovered NTHi bacterial CFUs logarithm of the total number of nontypeable H. influenzae CFU in effusion plus wash CMO:0002661 logarithm of the total number of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae bacterial colony forming units recovered CMO:0002661 The logarithm of the enumeration, i.e. measurement of the total number, of colony forming units (CFUs) of a nontypeable strain of the bacterial species Haemophilus influenzae in a specified sample of fluid removed from and/or solution used to wash the interior of a cavity in a body or an organ. Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae refers to any unencapsulated strain of the Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic bacterium species Haemophilus influenza. Such bacteria lack the capsular antigens used to serotype strains and therefore cannot be classified by serology. PMID:21646454 RGD:JRS http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemophilus_influenzae A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of cells (all cells and/or cells of a specific type) in a sample of exudate. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:03:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002662 calculated inflammatory exudate cell count CMO:0002662 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of cells (all cells and/or cells of a specific type) in a sample of exudate. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of neutrophils in a specified sample of exudate is divided by the total number of cells in that sample of exudate and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing very fine granules. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:05:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002663 ratio of the number of neutrophils in an inflammatory exudate to number of all cells in that exudate CMO:0002663 A calculated measurement in which the number of neutrophils in a specified sample of exudate is divided by the total number of cells in that sample of exudate and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A neutrophil is a granular leukocyte having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing very fine granules. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of monocytes, that is, mononuclear phagocytic leukocytes, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:14:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002664 inflammatory exudate monocyte count CMO:0002664 The number of monocytes, that is, mononuclear phagocytic leukocytes, in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The number of lymphocytes (mononuclear, nongranular, nonphagocytic leukocytes) in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:17:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002665 inflammatory exudate lymphocyte count CMO:0002665 The number of lymphocytes (mononuclear, nongranular, nonphagocytic leukocytes) in a specified volume of fluid which has escaped from blood vessels and been deposited within tissues or on tissue surfaces as a result of inflammation, a usually localized, protective reaction of tissue to irritation, injury or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling and sometimes loss of function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of exudate is divided by the total number of cells in that sample of exudate and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A lymphocyte is a mononuclear, nonphagocytic, nongranular leukocyte having a deeply staining nucleus containing dense chromatin and a pale-blue-staining cytoplasm. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:19:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002666 ratio of the number of lymphocytes in an inflammatory exudate to the number of all cells in that exudate CMO:0002666 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes in a specified sample of exudate is divided by the total number of cells in that sample of exudate and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A lymphocyte is a mononuclear, nonphagocytic, nongranular leukocyte having a deeply staining nucleus containing dense chromatin and a pale-blue-staining cytoplasm. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the sense organ in vertebrates specialized for the detection of sound and the maintenance of balance. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:28:36Z EFO:0007664 EFO:0007665 EFO:0007666 EFO:0007667 EFO:0007668 EFO:0007669 EFO:0007670 EFO:0007671 EFO:0007673 UBERON:0001690 antitragus size ear protrusion folding of antihelix helix rolling lobe attachment lobe size outer ear morphology trait superior crus of antihelix expression tragus size clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002667 ear measurement CMO:0002667 Any measurement of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:29:11Z UBERON:0001756 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002668 middle ear measurement CMO:0002668 Any measurement of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:33:29Z UBERON:0001756 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002669 middle ear morphological measurement CMO:0002669 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 Quantification of the thickness, that is the distance from the junction with the underlying bone/tissue to the surface of the membrane, of the layer of epithelial cells lining the tympanic cavity. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:37:10Z UBERON:0010063 tympanic cavity epithelium depth tympanic cavity epithelium width clinical_measurement_ontology middle ear epithelium thickness CMO:0002670 tympanic cavity epithelium thickness CMO:0002670 Quantification of the thickness, that is the distance from the junction with the underlying bone/tissue to the surface of the membrane, of the layer of epithelial cells lining the tympanic cavity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:40:30Z UBERON:0001756 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002671 calculated middle ear morphological measurement CMO:0002671 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of the middle ear, the middle of the three parts of the ear, consisting of an air-filled cavity bound externally by the tympanic membrane and containing three ossicles that vibrate in response to sound waves, passing the amplified sound to the inner ear. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Segen:Segens_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The average of a set of epithelium thickness measurements which were all taken from a single ear of a single experimental subject. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:43:24Z UBERON:0010063 single ear average of tympanic cavity epithelium depth single ear average of tympanic cavity epithelium width clinical_measurement_ontology single ear average of middle ear epithelium thickness CMO:0002672 single ear average of tympanic cavity epithelium thickness CMO:0002672 The average of a set of epithelium thickness measurements which were all taken from a single ear of a single experimental subject. RGD:JRS The average of a set of epithelium thickness measurements from both ears of a single experimental subject. JSmith 2015-04-29T13:44:55Z UBERON:0010063 both ears average of tympanic cavity epithelium depth both ears average of tympanic cavity epithelium width clinical_measurement_ontology both ears average of middle ear epithelium thickness CMO:0002673 both ears average of tympanic cavity epithelium thickness CMO:0002673 The average of a set of epithelium thickness measurements from both ears of a single experimental subject. RGD:JRS The arithmetic mean of all measured horizontal distances between a test subject and a specific target such as a food reward or a submerged platform as the subject searches for the target. Horizontal distance is the length of a line between two points within a single plane parallel to the ground. jesmith 2015-12-03T13:15:19Z average horizontal distance in proximity to the target during voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus spatial accuracy measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002674 average horizontal distance between subject and target during voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002674 The arithmetic mean of all measured horizontal distances between a test subject and a specific target such as a food reward or a submerged platform as the subject searches for the target. Horizontal distance is the length of a line between two points within a single plane parallel to the ground. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:16837653 The sum of the lengths of the lines representing all voluntary movements of an experimental subject within a flat plane parallel to the ground in an apparatus made while attempting to locate a specific target such as a food reward or a submerged platform. jesmith 2015-12-03T13:17:37Z acquisition performance measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002675 total horizontal distance covered resulting from voluntary locomotion in proximity to the target in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002675 The sum of the lengths of the lines representing all voluntary movements of an experimental subject within a flat plane parallel to the ground in an apparatus made while attempting to locate a specific target such as a food reward or a submerged platform. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed PMID:16837653 Any measurement of interplay, contact, communication or interchange between two or more organisms originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice on the part of one or more participants. jesmith 2015-12-03T13:23:21Z EFO:0009592 social interaction measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002676 voluntary social interaction measurement CMO:0002676 Any measurement of interplay, contact, communication or interchange between two or more organisms originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice on the part of one or more participants. Farlex:WordNet_3.0_Farlex The aggregate amount of time within a specified period during which a test subject touches or voluntarily moves or remains close to (for example within one centimeter of) a social stimulus such as another animal of the same species. jesmith 2015-12-03T13:38:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002677 total accumulated time of physical contact or close proximity between test subject and social stimulus per unit time CMO:0002677 The aggregate amount of time within a specified period during which a test subject touches or voluntarily moves or remains close to (for example within one centimeter of) a social stimulus such as another animal of the same species. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Farlex:WordNet_3.0_Farlex PMID:16837653 The difference in time spent in direct social interaction (that is, the amount of time within a specified period during which a test subject touches or voluntarily moves or remains close to, for example within one centimeter of, a social stimulus such as another animal of the same species) between the first introduction of a social stimulus and a subsequent reintroduction of the same stimulus. jesmith 2015-12-03T13:41:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002678 difference between time of physical contact/close proximity of test subject and social stimulus during sample phase and test phase CMO:0002678 The difference in time spent in direct social interaction (that is, the amount of time within a specified period during which a test subject touches or voluntarily moves or remains close to, for example within one centimeter of, a social stimulus such as another animal of the same species) between the first introduction of a social stimulus and a subsequent reintroduction of the same stimulus. Collins:Collins_Online_English_Dictionary Farlex:WordNet_3.0_Farlex PMID:16837653 The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of blood. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:39:13Z glycerol measurement EFO:0010115 clinical_measurement_ontology blood free glycerol level CMO:0002679 blood glycerol level CMO:0002679 The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of blood. Churchill_Livingstone:Dictionary_of_Sport_and_Exercise_Science_and_Medicine_2008 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol#Metabolism The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:41:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum free glycerol level CMO:0002680 serum blood glycerol level CMO:0002680 The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Churchill_Livingstone:Dictionary_of_Sport_and_Exercise_Science_and_Medicine_2008 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol#Metabolism The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:41:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma free glycerol level CMO:0002681 plasma glycerol level CMO:0002681 The amount of free glycerol, a trihydroxy sugar alcohol produced by lipolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue and a precursor for the synthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids in the body, found in a specific volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Churchill_Livingstone:Dictionary_of_Sport_and_Exercise_Science_and_Medicine_2008 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycerol#Metabolism Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of blood. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:47:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002682 blood chylomicron cholesterol level CMO:0002682 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of blood. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:49:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002683 serum chylomicron cholesterol level CMO:0002683 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:49:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002684 plasma chylomicron cholesterol level CMO:0002684 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) in a specified volume of blood. jesmith 2015-12-03T14:55:55Z EFO:0022149 triglycerides in IDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002685 blood lipoprotein triglyceride level CMO:0002685 Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in lipoprotein particles (complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids) in a specified volume of blood. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:09:20Z EFO:0022158 triglycerides in small HDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood HDL triglyceride level CMO:0002686 blood high density lipoprotein triglyceride level CMO:0002686 Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:10:57Z EFO:0009946 low density lipoprotein triglyceride measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood LDL triglyceride level CMO:0002687 blood low density lipoprotein triglyceride level CMO:0002687 Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:13:24Z EFO:0022144 EFO:0022145 EFO:0022155 EFO:0022178 triglycerides in large VLDL measurement triglycerides in medium VLDL measurement triglycerides in small VLDL measurement triglycerides in very small VLDL measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood VLDL triglyceride level CMO:0002688 blood very low density lipoprotein triglyceride level CMO:0002688 Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of blood. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:14:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002689 blood chylomicron triglyceride level CMO:0002689 Measurement of the amount of triglyceride (any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins) carried in chylomicron molecules in a specified volume of blood. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a blood-derived lipoprotein, any of a class of complex molecules found in blood that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:18:18Z lipoprotein measurement EFO:0004732 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002690 blood lipoprotein measurement CMO:0002690 A value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a blood-derived lipoprotein, any of a class of complex molecules found in blood that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a blood-derived lipoprotein particle, a complex molecule found in blood that consists of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:22:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002691 blood lipoprotein particle diameter CMO:0002691 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a blood-derived lipoprotein particle, a complex molecule found in blood that consists of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:23:19Z EFO:0008592 high density lipoprotein particle size measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood HDL particle diameter CMO:0002692 blood high density lipoprotein particle diameter CMO:0002692 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:25:01Z EFO:0007677 EFO:0008593 low density lipoprotein particle size measurement LDL peak particle diameter measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood LDL particle diameter CMO:0002693 blood low density lipoprotein particle diameter CMO:0002693 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:27:06Z EFO:0008594 very low density lipoprotein particle size measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood VLDL particle diameter CMO:0002694 blood very low density lipoprotein particle diameter CMO:0002694 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The VLDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived chylomicron particles. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:28:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002695 blood chylomicron particle diameter CMO:0002695 The diameter, that is the distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of blood-derived chylomicron particles. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in lipoprotein molecules in a specified volume of blood. Lipoprotein particles are complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:41:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002696 blood lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0002696 Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in lipoprotein molecules in a specified volume of blood. Lipoprotein particles are complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in lipoprotein molecules in a specified volume of blood. Lipoprotein particles are complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. jesmith 2015-12-03T15:43:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002697 blood lipoprotein phospholipid level CMO:0002697 Measurement of the amount of phospholipid, any of various phosphorus-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule such as glycerol, carried in lipoprotein molecules in a specified volume of blood. Lipoprotein particles are complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine_2008 ISBN:978-1416049982 http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Measurement of the amount of ketone bodies, that is, acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and/or acetone, in a specified sample of urine. Ketone bodies are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as fasting, starvation and diabetes mellitus. jesmith 2016-04-07T16:57:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002698 urine ketone body level CMO:0002698 Measurement of the amount of ketone bodies, that is, acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and/or acetone, in a specified sample of urine. Ketone bodies are produced by fatty acid and carbohydrate metabolism and seen in conditions such as fasting, starvation and diabetes mellitus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodies Measurement of the number of dopamine-producing neurons in a specified sample. Dopamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter formed in the brain by the decarboxylation of dopa and essential to the normal functioning of the central nervous system. A reduction in its concentration within the brain is associated with Parkinson's disease. jesmith 2016-04-07T17:09:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002699 dopaminergic neuron count CMO:0002699 Measurement of the number of dopamine-producing neurons in a specified sample. Dopamine is a monoamine neurotransmitter formed in the brain by the decarboxylation of dopa and essential to the normal functioning of the central nervous system. A reduction in its concentration within the brain is associated with Parkinson's disease. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the tibia is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. jesmith 2016-11-30T15:21:44Z tibia midshaft cortex cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002700 tibia midshaft cortical cross-sectional area CMO:0002700 The portion of the cross-sectional area of the tibia, measured midway between the two ends of the bone, that corresponds to the area of the cortex, the outer layer of the bone. The cross-sectional area of the tibia is a measurement of the extent of a plane through, i.e. perpendicular to the axis of, the tibia, the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the portion of a tibia composed of trabecular bone. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Trabecular or spongy bone is the porous type of bone found in the vertebrae and at all articulating joints, consisting of an irregular three-dimensional array of boney rods and plates (trabeculae) which themselves are composed of a composite material with bone marrow filling the spaces of the pores. jesmith 2016-11-30T16:10:40Z tibial trabecular bone volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002701 tibia trabecular bone volume CMO:0002701 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by the portion of a tibia composed of trabecular bone. The tibia is the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus. Trabecular or spongy bone is the porous type of bone found in the vertebrae and at all articulating joints, consisting of an irregular three-dimensional array of boney rods and plates (trabeculae) which themselves are composed of a composite material with bone marrow filling the spaces of the pores. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Science_Dictionary_2005 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Measurement of the physical form or structure of a slice or similar portion of a bone. jesmith 2017-01-19T13:40:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002702 bone section morphological measurement CMO:0002702 Measurement of the physical form or structure of a slice or similar portion of a bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of a slice or other portion of a bone. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:14:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002703 calculated bone section morphological measurement CMO:0002703 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the physical form or structure of a slice or other portion of a bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Volume of the entire region of interest in a sample, for example a slice, of bone. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:15:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology TV CMO:0002704 bone section total volume CMO:0002704 Volume of the entire region of interest in a sample, for example a slice, of bone. PMID:20533309 In a sample of bone, the volume of the portion which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:16:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology BV bone volume CMO:0002705 bone section mineralized tissue volume CMO:0002705 In a sample of bone, the volume of the portion which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. PMID:20533309 In a sample of bone, the surface area, that is, the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect, of the portion which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:18:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology BS bone surface area CMO:0002706 bone section mineralized tissue surface area CMO:0002706 In a sample of bone, the surface area, that is, the two-dimensional extent of a planar region comprising the superficial or external aspect, of the portion which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. PMID:20533309 In a sample of bone, the volume of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue divided by the total volume of the region of interest. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:21:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology BV/TV bone section mineralized tissue volume to bone section total volume ratio CMO:0002707 bone section volume fraction CMO:0002707 In a sample of bone, the volume of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue divided by the total volume of the region of interest. PMID:20533309 In a sample of bone, the surface area of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue divided by the total volume of the region of interest. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:23:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology BS/TV bone section mineralized tissue surface area to bone section total volume ratio CMO:0002708 bone section surface density CMO:0002708 In a sample of bone, the surface area of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue divided by the total volume of the region of interest. PMID:20533309 A calculated measurement in which, in a sample of bone, the surface area of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue is divided by the volume of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:27:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology BS/BV bone section mineralized tissue surface area to mineralized tissue volume ratio bone section mineralized tissue surface-area-to-volume ratio CMO:0002709 bone section specific bone surface CMO:0002709 A calculated measurement in which, in a sample of bone, the surface area of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue is divided by the volume of the portion of the sample which has been segmented as mineralized, radiodense/radiopaque tissue. PMID:20533309 A quantitative measure of bone microarchitecture calculated by means of three-dimensional image analysis and based on the volume ratio of plate-shaped trabeculae to rod-shaped ones. For bones which contain both structures the value is expected to be between 0 (all parallel plates) and 3 (all cylindrical rods) although a value of 4 is possible (denoting spherical trabeculae). Also, where the fraction of mineralized tissue in a bone section is extremely high or low, values outside this 0-4 range are possible. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:30:31Z bone section structure module index clinical_measurement_ontology SMI CMO:0002710 bone section structure model index CMO:0002710 A quantitative measure of bone microarchitecture calculated by means of three-dimensional image analysis and based on the volume ratio of plate-shaped trabeculae to rod-shaped ones. For bones which contain both structures the value is expected to be between 0 (all parallel plates) and 3 (all cylindrical rods) although a value of 4 is possible (denoting spherical trabeculae). Also, where the fraction of mineralized tissue in a bone section is extremely high or low, values outside this 0-4 range are possible. PMID:11264794 PMID:20533309 A measure of the degree of connectivity of trabeculae divided by the total volume of the bone sample. The degree of connectivity is an index calculated from the Euler number, a fundamental topologic measure counting the number of objects, the number of marrow cavities fully surrounded by bone, and the number of connections that must be broken to split the structure in two parts. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:32:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology Conn.D CMO:0002711 bone section connectivity density CMO:0002711 A measure of the degree of connectivity of trabeculae divided by the total volume of the bone sample. The degree of connectivity is an index calculated from the Euler number, a fundamental topologic measure counting the number of objects, the number of marrow cavities fully surrounded by bone, and the number of connections that must be broken to split the structure in two parts. PMID:20533309 Measure of the average number of trabeculae per unit length in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:35:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology Tb.N CMO:0002712 bone section trabecular number CMO:0002712 Measure of the average number of trabeculae per unit length in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:20533309 Mean thickness of trabeculae in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:36:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology Tb.Th CMO:0002713 bone section trabecular thickness CMO:0002713 Mean thickness of trabeculae in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:20533309 Mean distance between trabeculae in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:37:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology Tb.Sp CMO:0002714 bone section trabecular separation CMO:0002714 Mean distance between trabeculae in a sample of bone. Trabeculae are the interconnecting, rod- or needle-like bony structures in cancellous bone which form a meshwork of intercommunicating spaces that are filled with bone marrow. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:20533309 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose rises up on its back legs and pushes on the lid/top of the apparatus. jesmith 2017-01-19T17:44:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology number of escape attempts in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002715 number of rearing movements with lid-pushing in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002715 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose rises up on its back legs and pushes on the lid/top of the apparatus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 PMID:27044679 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the head of the femur, the hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone which acts as the 'ball' in the ball-and-socket hip joint. jesmith 2017-02-22T12:22:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002716 femur head morphological measurement CMO:0002716 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the head of the femur, the hemispheric articular surface at the upper extremity of the thigh bone which acts as the 'ball' in the ball-and-socket hip joint. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary The measurement of the linear distance between two opposite points on the periphery of the head of the femur, that is, the extent of the head of the femur from side to side. jesmith 2017-02-22T12:31:51Z MA:0003050 UBERON:0006767 clinical_measurement_ontology femur head diameter CMO:0002717 femur head width CMO:0002717 The measurement of the linear distance between two opposite points on the periphery of the head of the femur, that is, the extent of the head of the femur from side to side. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The elongation or displacement of the bone at the point of breakage, for example during a bending test where displacement is the distance between the mid-span position of the bone without loading and the mid-span position of the bone under loading. jesmith 2017-02-22T12:51:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology bone elongation CMO:0002718 bone ultimate displacement CMO:0002718 The elongation or displacement of the bone at the point of breakage, for example during a bending test where displacement is the distance between the mid-span position of the bone without loading and the mid-span position of the bone under loading. PMID:26297441 PMID:8274302 The elongation or displacement of the femur at the point of breakage, for example during a bending test where displacement is the distance between the mid-span position of the bone without loading and the mid-span position of the bone under loading. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:01:55Z MA:0001359 UBERON:0000981 clinical_measurement_ontology femur elongation CMO:0002719 femur ultimate displacement CMO:0002719 The elongation or displacement of the femur at the point of breakage, for example during a bending test where displacement is the distance between the mid-span position of the bone without loading and the mid-span position of the bone under loading. PMID:26297441 PMID:8274302 The distance between the two ends, that is, of the extent of the longest dimension, of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:08:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002720 aorta length CMO:0002720 The distance between the two ends, that is, of the extent of the longest dimension, of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:12:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002721 calculated aorta morphological measurement CMO:0002721 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of the aorta, the main trunk from which the arterial system proceeds. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of the aorta is divided by its length and the resulting quantity is divided by the total body weight of the organism. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:14:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology Am/AI/Bm aorta mass to aorta length to body mass ratio CMO:0002722 aorta weight to aorta length to body weight ratio CMO:0002722 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the aorta is divided by its length and the resulting quantity is divided by the total body weight of the organism. PMID:17143582 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in pulse pressure between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:28:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002723 percent change in pulse pressure CMO:0002723 A calculated measurement of the relative difference in pulse pressure between a treated state and a control state or between two points in time, expressed as a percentage. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_change A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of serum is divided by the value for the level of glucose in the same sample of serum, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:32:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002724 serum insulin level to serum glucose level ratio CMO:0002724 A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of serum is divided by the value for the level of glucose in the same sample of serum, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:12016513 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. jesmith 2017-02-22T13:38:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002725 calculated serum glucose level CMO:0002725 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Any quantitation of the cells and/or cell types which constitute the make-up of the spinal cord. jesmith 2017-02-22T16:30:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002726 spinal cord cellular composition measurement CMO:0002726 Any quantitation of the cells and/or cell types which constitute the make-up of the spinal cord. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed Any quantitation of the cells and/or cell types which constitute the make-up of the spinal cord ventral horn, either of the horn-like projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior/ventral horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. jesmith 2017-02-22T16:33:53Z spinal cord anterior column cellular composition measurement spinal cord anterior horn cellular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002727 spinal cord ventral horn cellular composition measurement CMO:0002727 Any quantitation of the cells and/or cell types which constitute the make-up of the spinal cord ventral horn, either of the horn-like projections of gray matter into the white matter of the spinal cord. The anterior/ventral horn contains efferent fibers innervating skeletal muscle tissue. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any quantitation of the cells or cell types which constitute the make-up of a tissue or a set of tissues. jesmith 2017-02-22T16:43:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002728 tissue cellular composition measurement CMO:0002728 Any quantitation of the cells or cell types which constitute the make-up of a tissue or a set of tissues. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed The number of cells in the spinal cord ventral/anterior horn which express the CD3 antigen on the cell surface. jesmith 2017-02-22T16:46:56Z spinal cord anterior column CD3-positive cell count spinal cord anterior horn CD3-positive cell count spinal cord ventral horn CD3(+) cell count clinical_measurement_ontology spinal cord ventral horn T lymphocyte cell count CMO:0002729 spinal cord ventral horn CD3-positive cell count CMO:0002729 The number of cells in the spinal cord ventral/anterior horn which express the CD3 antigen on the cell surface. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. jesmith 2017-02-22T17:44:34Z serum haemoglobin level clinical_measurement_ontology serum free hemoglobin level CMO:0002730 serum hemoglobin level CMO:0002730 The amount of hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying pigment of erythrocytes, found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the section of the tibia located midway between the two epiphyses (that is, the ends) of the bone. jesmith 2017-02-23T18:38:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002731 tibia midshaft morphological measurement CMO:0002731 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of the section of the tibia located midway between the two epiphyses (that is, the ends) of the bone. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The width of the layer of cortical (compact) bone of the diaphysis (shaft) measured midway between the two epiphyses of the shinbone. jesmith 2017-02-23T18:40:17Z MA:0001361 mid-tibia cortical thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002732 tibia midshaft cortical thickness CMO:0002732 The width of the layer of cortical (compact) bone of the diaphysis (shaft) measured midway between the two epiphyses of the shinbone. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://boneandspine.com/bone-anatomy-and-physiology/ Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a desired goal or reward. jesmith 2017-02-23T19:08:00Z latency to locate a target in an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002733 time to locate a target in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002733 Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a desired goal or reward. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus. jesmith 2017-02-23T19:10:09Z latency to locate a target platform in an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002734 time to locate a target platform in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002734 Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus which can be seen during the search. jesmith 2017-02-23T19:13:41Z latency to locate a visible target platform in an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002735 time to locate a visible target platform in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002735 Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus which can be seen during the search. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus which cannot be seen during the search. jesmith 2017-02-23T19:13:44Z latency to locate a hidden target platform in an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002736 time to locate a hidden target platform in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002736 Measurement of the amount of time spent by an experimental subject in an experimental apparatus searching for and/or determining the position of a, possibly raised, horizontal surface within the apparatus which cannot be seen during the search. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed The total number of experimental subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ratio of survivors of metabolic syndrome to total study population during a period of time jesmith 2017-04-21T13:20:09Z ratio of subjects surviving to total study population during a period of time percentage of survivors in the total study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002737 ratio of survivors to total study population during a period of time CMO:0002737 The total number of experimental subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ratio of survivors of metabolic syndrome to total study population during a period of time American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--5th_Ed PMID:25303613 Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the heart to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. jesmith 2017-07-19T12:56:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002738 heart protein activity measurement CMO:0002738 Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the heart to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the ability of a heart enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the heart that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. jesmith 2017-07-19T13:02:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002739 heart enzyme activity level CMO:0002739 Any quantification of the ability of a heart enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the heart that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of heart tissue. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase, and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-19T13:04:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart ACE2 activity level heart angiotensin II converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002740 heart angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002740 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of heart tissue. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase, and is an essential regulator of heart function. PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of heart tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. jesmith 2017-07-19T13:05:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology heart ACE activity level CMO:0002741 heart angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002741 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of heart tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of blood. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-19T16:22:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood ACE2 activity level CMO:0002742 blood angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002742 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of blood. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-19T16:24:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum ACE2 activity level CMO:0002743 serum angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002743 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-19T16:24:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma ACE2 activity level CMO:0002744 plasma angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002744 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of kidney. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:00:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney ACE2 activity level kidney angiotensin II converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002745 kidney angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002745 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of kidney. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of kidney tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:01:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology kidney ACE activity level CMO:0002746 kidney angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002746 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of kidney tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the lung or any part thereof. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:04:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002747 lung measurement CMO:0002747 Any measurement, morphological or physiological, involving the lung or any part thereof. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the lung to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:08:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002748 lung protein activity measurement CMO:0002748 Any quantification of the ability of a protein of the lung to accomplish an effect, e.g. take part in a chemical reaction or carry out a specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantification of the ability of a lung enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the lung that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:09:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002749 lung enzyme activity measurement CMO:0002749 Any quantification of the ability of a lung enzyme, i.e. a protein located in the lung that catalyzes chemical reactions of other substances without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reactions, to carry out its specified molecular function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of lung. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:11:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology lung ACE2 activity level lung angiotensin II converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002750 lung angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 activity level CMO:0002750 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) in a specified sample of lung. ACE2, an ACE homolog, is a zinc-dependent peptidase of the M2-metalloprotease family that is sensitive to chloride ion concentration, and is a membrane-bound enzyme that acts as a monocarboxypeptidase and is an essential regulator of heart function. PMID:16203874 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of lung tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:12:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology lung ACE activity level CMO:0002751 lung angiotensin I converting enzyme activity level CMO:0002751 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) in a specified sample of lung tissue. ACE is one of the enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, and catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display congenital malformation(s) at a point in time or develop congenital malformation(s) within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Congenital malformations represent a heterogenous group of structural defects, which are usually identified at birth. jesmith 2017-07-20T10:55:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002752 congenital malformation incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002752 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display congenital malformation(s) at a point in time or develop congenital malformation(s) within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Congenital malformations represent a heterogenous group of structural defects, which are usually identified at birth. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congenital_disorder Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display anorectal malformation at a point in time or develop anorectal malformation within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:04:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology ARM incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002753 anorectal malformation incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0002753 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display anorectal malformation at a point in time or develop anorectal malformation within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:26514922 The number of new cases of anorectal malformation appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:06:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology ARM incidence measurement anorectal malformation incidence CMO:0002754 percentage of study population developing anorectal malformation during a period of time CMO:0002754 The number of new cases of anorectal malformation appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:26514922 The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, anorectal malformation at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:07:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology ARM prevalence measurement anorectal malformation prevalence CMO:0002755 percentage of study population displaying anorectal malformation at a point in time CMO:0002755 The number of individuals in a study population which display, i.e., are manifesting symptoms of or have been diagnosed with, anorectal malformation at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Anorectal malformations (ARMs) represent a spectrum of congenital anomalies characterized by the obstruction of the anal opening. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:26514922 A calculated value in which anogenital distance (the length of a line between the anal opening and the genitalia) is divided by the cube root of the weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:10:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002756 anogenital distance to cube root of body weight ratio CMO:0002756 A calculated value in which anogenital distance (the length of a line between the anal opening and the genitalia) is divided by the cube root of the weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anogenital_distance Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of creatinine in a specified sample of urine. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:21:12Z CHEBI:16737 PMID:24244710 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002757 calculated urine creatinine level CMO:0002757 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of creatinine in a specified sample of urine. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of protein in a specified sample of urine or the amount of protein excreted into the urine in a specified period of time is divided by the amount of creatinine in that sample of urine or the amount of creatinine excreted into the urine in that period of time, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:25:59Z PCR Protein Creatine Ratio UPCR urine protein/creatinine ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002758 urine protein level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0002758 A calculated measurement in which the amount of protein in a specified sample of urine or the amount of protein excreted into the urine in a specified period of time is divided by the amount of creatinine in that sample of urine or the amount of creatinine excreted into the urine in that period of time, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a cardiac muscle fiber, a striated cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) that is responsible for heart contraction. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:40:53Z cardiac muscle cell morphological measurement cardiac myocyte morphological measurement cardiomyocyte morphological measurement heart muscle cell morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology cardiocyte morphological measurement CMO:0002759 cardiac muscle fiber morphological measurement CMO:0002759 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a cardiac muscle fiber, a striated cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) that is responsible for heart contraction. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The length of a straight line passing through a cardiac muscle fiber, that is a cardiomyocyte, for instance through the center of its nucleus, and connecting opposite points on its periphery. jesmith 2017-07-20T13:43:26Z cardiac myocyte diameter cardiomyocyte diameter heart muscle cell diameter clinical_measurement_ontology cardiocyte diameter cardiomyocyte width CMO:0002760 cardiac muscle fiber diameter CMO:0002760 The length of a straight line passing through a cardiac muscle fiber, that is a cardiomyocyte, for instance through the center of its nucleus, and connecting opposite points on its periphery. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the skin, the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:12:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation skin chemistry measurement CMO:0002761 skin molecular composition measurement CMO:0002761 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the skin, the tough, supple cutaneous membrane that covers the surface of the body. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Webster:Random_House_Kernerman_Websters_College_Dictionary_2010 A quantification of one or more electrolytes in the skin. An electrolyte is an element or compound that, when melted or dissolved in a solvent, dissociates into ions and is able to conduct an electric current. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:15:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002762 skin electrolyte measurement CMO:0002762 A quantification of one or more electrolytes in the skin. An electrolyte is an element or compound that, when melted or dissolved in a solvent, dissociates into ions and is able to conduct an electric current. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--9th_Ed Quantification of the amount of potassium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:16:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin K+ level skin potassium ion level CMO:0002763 skin potassium level CMO:0002763 Quantification of the amount of potassium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Quantification of the amount of sodium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:17:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Na+ level skin sodium ion level CMO:0002764 skin sodium level CMO:0002764 Quantification of the amount of sodium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Quantification of the amount of chloride ions, that is, univalent anionic chlorine ions, in a specified sample of skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:18:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Cl- level skin chloride ion level CMO:0002765 skin chloride level CMO:0002765 Quantification of the amount of chloride ions, that is, univalent anionic chlorine ions, in a specified sample of skin. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed Quantification of the amount of water in a specified sample of skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:20:21Z EFO:0009586 skin hydration measurement clinical_measurement_ontology skin H2O level CMO:0002766 skin water level CMO:0002766 Quantification of the amount of water in a specified sample of skin. Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any electrolyte(s) in skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:21:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002767 calculated skin electrolyte measurement CMO:0002767 A measurement, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of any electrolyte(s) in skin. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:22:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin K+ level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002768 skin potassium level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002768 A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:24:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Na+ level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002769 skin sodium level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002769 A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of chloride atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:25:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Cl- level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002770 skin chloride level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002770 A calculated measurement in which the amount of chloride atoms or ions in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of water in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:26:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin H2O level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002771 skin water level to skin dry weight ratio CMO:0002771 A calculated measurement in which the amount of water in a specified sample of skin is divided by the dry weight of that skin sample and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the sum of the amount of potassium in a specified sample of skin and the amount of sodium in that sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:28:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin (K+ + Na+) level to skin H2O level ratio skin (potassium plus sodium) level to skin water level ratio CMO:0002772 skin potassium level plus skin sodium level to skin water level ratio CMO:0002772 A calculated measurement in which the sum of the amount of potassium in a specified sample of skin and the amount of sodium in that sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:32:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin K+ level to skin H2O level ratio CMO:0002773 skin potassium level to skin water level ratio CMO:0002773 A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:35:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Na+ level to skin H2O level ratio CMO:0002774 skin sodium level to skin water level ratio CMO:0002774 A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the amount of chloride in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:36:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology skin Cl- level to skin H2O level ratio CMO:0002775 skin chloride level to skin water level ratio CMO:0002775 A calculated measurement in which the amount of chloride in a specified sample of skin is divided by the amount of water in the same sample of skin and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of any cystatin (that is, of any member of the cystatin superfamily of proteins, many of which act as cysteine protease inhibitors) found in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:43:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002776 blood cystatin level CMO:0002776 The amount of any cystatin (that is, of any member of the cystatin superfamily of proteins, many of which act as cysteine protease inhibitors) found in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed http://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/genefamilies/set/964 The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Cystatin C is a member of the cystatin superfamily of proteins, is the most abundant extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases, and can be found in high concentrations in biological fluids. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:44:51Z EFO:0004617 cystatin C measurement clinical_measurement_ontology blood Cst3 level CMO:0002777 blood cystatin C level CMO:0002777 The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Cystatin C is a member of the cystatin superfamily of proteins, is the most abundant extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases, and can be found in high concentrations in biological fluids. NCBI_Gene:1471 Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:47:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma cystatin 3 level CMO:0002778 plasma cystatin C level CMO:0002778 The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:49:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum cystatin 3 level CMO:0002779 serum cystatin C level CMO:0002779 The amount of the protein cystatin C found in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement of body size in which the weight of an animal is divided by the square of the body length, where body length is measured from the tip of the nose to the tip (that is, the distal end) of the tail. jesmith 2017-08-25T16:59:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology BMI using body length, nose to tail BMI using nose to tail body length nose to tail tip BMI CMO:0002780 nose to tail body mass index CMO:0002780 A calculated measurement of body size in which the weight of an animal is divided by the square of the body length, where body length is measured from the tip of the nose to the tip (that is, the distal end) of the tail. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 A calculated measurement of body size in which the weight of an animal is divided by the square of the body length, where body length is measured from the tip of the nose to the rump, that is, the base of the tail. jesmith 2017-08-25T17:00:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology BMI using body length, nose to rump BMI using nose to rump body length nose to rump BMI CMO:0002781 nose to rump body mass index CMO:0002781 A calculated measurement of body size in which the weight of an animal is divided by the square of the body length, where body length is measured from the tip of the nose to the rump, that is, the base of the tail. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time per amount of body weight. jrsmith 2018-05-03T09:34:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002782 renal plasma flow to body weight ratio CMO:0002782 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of plasma that perfuses the kidneys per unit time per amount of body weight. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which glomerular filtration rate, an estimate of the volume of fluid filtered from the kidney glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per specified unit of time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jrsmith 2018-05-03T17:41:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002783 glomerular filtration rate to body weight ratio CMO:0002783 A calculated measurement in which glomerular filtration rate, an estimate of the volume of fluid filtered from the kidney glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per specified unit of time, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated value in which the volume of glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits is divided by the total volume of glomeruli in a specified sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total volume of glomeruli. jrsmith 2018-05-11T12:56:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002784 kidney sclerotic glomerular volume to total kidney glomerular volume ratio CMO:0002784 A calculated value in which the volume of glomeruli with lesions resulting from fibrosis, scarring or hyaline deposits is divided by the total volume of glomeruli in a specified sample of kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total volume of glomeruli. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of blood plasma is divided by the amount of angiotensin I in the same or a comparable sample of blood plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jrsmith 2018-05-15T16:01:18Z plasma AngII/AngI ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002785 plasma angiotensin II level to plasma angiotensin I level ratio CMO:0002785 A calculated measurement in which the amount of angiotensin II in a specified sample of blood plasma is divided by the amount of angiotensin I in the same or a comparable sample of blood plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the amount of hemoglobin A1c (hemoglobin glycosylated as a result of the nonenzymatic attachment of a glucose/hexose moiety) in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of total hemoglobin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jrsmith 2018-05-15T16:47:18Z CMO:0002902 EFO:0004541 HbA1c measurement blood HbA1c level blood glycated hemoglobin level blood glycohemoglobin level blood glycosylated hemoglobin level blood hemoglobin A1c level level to blood hemoglobin level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002786 blood hemoglobin A1c level CMO:0002786 A calculated measurement in which the amount of hemoglobin A1c (hemoglobin glycosylated as a result of the nonenzymatic attachment of a glucose/hexose moiety) in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of total hemoglobin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/82080 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart left ventricle is divided by the length of the tibia (the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus), and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage,thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the size of the body. jrsmith 2018-05-15T16:59:53Z LV weight/tibial length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002787 heart left ventricle weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0002787 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart left ventricle is divided by the length of the tibia (the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus), and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage,thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the size of the body. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Stedman:Stedmans_Medical_Dictionary Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the movement of blood into, through or out of the heart. jrsmith 2018-05-15T17:02:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002788 calculated heart blood flow measurement CMO:0002788 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the movement of blood into, through or out of the heart. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value of the E wave (that is, the velocity of the blood flow across the mitral valve during passive filling of the left ventricle in early diastole) is divided by the value of the A wave (that is, the velocity of the blood flow across the mitral valve during active filling of the left ventricle caused by atrial contraction in late diastole). jrsmith 2018-05-15T17:05:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology mitral E/A wave ratio CMO:0002789 E/A wave ratio CMO:0002789 A calculated measurement in which the value of the E wave (that is, the velocity of the blood flow across the mitral valve during passive filling of the left ventricle in early diastole) is divided by the value of the A wave (that is, the velocity of the blood flow across the mitral valve during active filling of the left ventricle caused by atrial contraction in late diastole). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E/A_ratio https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2215/ A calculated measurement in which the average width of the tunica media is divided by the inner diameter (that is, the diameter of the lumen) of the artery and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. jrsmith 2018-05-15T17:08:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002790 artery tunica media width to artery inner diameter ratio CMO:0002790 A calculated measurement in which the average width of the tunica media is divided by the inner diameter (that is, the diameter of the lumen) of the artery and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed The thickness, width or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles (that is, the portion of the wall between the left and right ventricles that is shared between the two) at the end of diastole when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. jrsmith 2018-05-15T17:12:15Z heart interventricular end-diastolic wall thickness heart interventricular septum end-diastolic thickness clinical_measurement_ontology IVSd CMO:0002791 heart interventricular end-diastolic septal wall thickness CMO:0002791 The thickness, width or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles (that is, the portion of the wall between the left and right ventricles that is shared between the two) at the end of diastole when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--9th_Ed The thickness, width or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles (that is, the portion of the wall between the left and right ventricles that is shared between the two) at the end of systole when the heart muscle is maximally contracted. jrsmith 2018-05-15T17:13:43Z heart interventricular end-systolic wall thickness heart interventricular septum end-systolic thickness clinical_measurement_ontology IVSs CMO:0002792 heart interventricular end-systolic septal wall thickness CMO:0002792 The thickness, width or depth of the septal wall of the heart ventricles (that is, the portion of the wall between the left and right ventricles that is shared between the two) at the end of systole when the heart muscle is maximally contracted. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified tissue. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:35:30Z EFO:0009865 tissue RNA composition measurement tissue RNA level tissue ribonucleic acid composition measurement transcriptome measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002793 tissue ribonucleic acid level CMO:0002793 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified tissue. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNA) of which the tissue of the adrenal gland is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:48:52Z adrenal gland RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002794 adrenal gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002794 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNA) of which the tissue of the adrenal gland is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the brain is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:52:36Z brain RNA composition measurement brain RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002795 brain ribonucleic acid level CMO:0002795 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the brain is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the heart is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:54:27Z heart RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002796 heart ribonucleic acid composition measurement true CMO:0002796 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the heart is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the kidney is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:56:04Z kidney RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002797 kidney ribonucleic acid composition measurement true CMO:0002797 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the kidney is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the lung is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T17:58:33Z lung RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002798 lung ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002798 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the lung is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which muscle tissue is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T18:00:11Z muscle RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002799 muscle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002799 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which muscle tissue is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the spleen is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T18:01:49Z spleen RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002800 spleen ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002800 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the spleen is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which testis tissue is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T18:03:47Z testis RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002801 testis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002801 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which testis tissue is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the thymus is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T18:05:11Z thymus RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002802 thymus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002802 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the thymus is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the uterus is formed or composed. jrsmith 2018-09-28T18:06:48Z uterus RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002803 uterus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002803 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the uterus is formed or composed. McGraw-Hill:McGraw-Hill_Concise_Dictionary_of_Modern_Medicine Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed A calculated value in which the total body weight of an organism is divided by the length of the organism from the distance between the tip of the nose to the base of the tail, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the body. sjwang 2018-11-13T14:24:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002804 body weight to body length (nose to rump) ratio CMO:0002804 A calculated value in which the total body weight of an organism is divided by the length of the organism from the distance between the tip of the nose to the distal end of the tail, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the body. sjwang 2018-11-13T14:29:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002805 body weight to body length (nose to tail) ratio CMO:0002805 A calculated measurement in which a series of body weight measurements is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. sjwang 2018-11-13T14:34:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002806 body weight area under curve (AUC) CMO:0002806 Measurement of the whole body visceral fat which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. sjwang 2018-11-13T14:37:39Z EFO:0009890 lean mass-adjusted fat body mass clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002807 calculated whole body visceral fat weight CMO:0002807 A calculated value in which the whole body visceral fat weight is divided by the length of the organism from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the body. sjwang 2018-11-13T14:55:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002808 whole body visceral fat weight to body length (nose to rump) ratio CMO:0002808 A variability measurement in which the mean is calculated from the standard deviations or the standard deviation is calculated from the means of sequential one hour systolic blood pressure measurements. sjwang 2018-11-13T15:00:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002809 systolic blood pressure variability CMO:0002809 A variability measurement in which the mean is calculated from the standard deviations or the standard deviation is calculated from the means of sequential one hour diastolic blood pressure measurements. sjwang 2018-11-13T15:02:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002810 diastolic blood pressure variability CMO:0002810 A variability measurement in which the mean is calculated from the standard deviations or the standard deviation is calculated from the means of sequential one hour mean arterial blood pressure measurements. sjwang 2018-11-13T15:04:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002811 mean arterial blood pressure variability CMO:0002811 Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval. sjwang 2018-11-13T15:12:25Z EFO:0008003 PMID:26063669 HRV RR variability cycle length variability heart rate variability measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002812 heart rate variability CMO:0002812 Heart rate variability (HRV) is the physiological phenomenon of variation in the time interval between heartbeats. It is measured by the variation in the beat-to-beat interval. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate_variability https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/heart-rate-variability-new-way-track-well-2017112212789 The ratio of the sum of the horizontal distance of an experimental subject made in proximity to the target to the total horizontal distance made within an apparatus. These movements are the results of voluntary locomotion of the experimental subject. sjwang 2018-11-13T15:18:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002813 horizontal distance covered resulting from voluntary locomotion in proximity to the target in an experimental apparatus to total horizontal distance covered ratio CMO:0002813 sjwang 2018-11-14T10:26:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002814 calculated horizontal distance resulting from voluntary locomotion in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002814 A calculated value in which the number of glomeruli with microaneurysm (focal dilation of arteriocapillary junctions), is divided by the total number of glomeruli in the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total number of glomeruli. sjwang 2018-11-14T10:49:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002815 ratio of number of glomeruli with microaneurysms to number of total glomeruli CMO:0002815 A calculated value in which the area of glomeruli with activated mesangial cells (determined by the expression of &#945;-smooth muscle actin), is divided by the total area of glomeruli counted in the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the total number of glomeruli. sjwang 2018-11-14T11:16:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002816 ratio of glomerular area occupied by activated mesangial cells to total glomerular area CMO:0002816 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. sjwang 2018-11-14T11:19:47Z calculated kidney glomerulus morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002817 calculated kidney glomerulus measurement CMO:0002817 The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of blood. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. sjwang 2018-11-14T16:11:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology blood CTX blood carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks CMO:0002818 blood type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level CMO:0002818 The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of blood. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-terminal_telopeptide The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of plasma. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. sjwang 2018-11-14T16:19:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma CTX plasma carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks CMO:0002819 plasma type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level CMO:0002819 The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of plasma. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-terminal_telopeptide The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of serum. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. sjwang 2018-11-14T16:24:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology serum CTX serum carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks CMO:0002820 serum type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide level CMO:0002820 The amount of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide in a specified volume of serum. The C-terminal telopeptide can be used as a biomarker in the serum to measure the rate of bone turnover. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-terminal_telopeptide The amount of osteocalcin in a specified volume of blood. Osteocalcin is the most abundant noncollagenous protein in bone, and its concentration in serum is closely linked to bone metabolism and serves as a biological marker for the clinical assessment of bone disease. sjwang 2018-11-16T10:39:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002821 blood osteocalcin level CMO:0002821 The amount of osteocalcin in a specified volume of plasma. Osteocalcin is the most abundant noncollagenous protein in bone, and its concentration in serum is closely linked to bone metabolism and serves as a biological marker for the clinical assessment of bone disease. sjwang 2018-11-16T10:42:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002823 plasma osteocalcin level CMO:0002823 The amount of osteocalcin in a specified volume of serum. Osteocalcin is the most abundant noncollagenous protein in bone, and its concentration in serum is closely linked to bone metabolism and serves as a biological marker for the clinical assessment of bone disease. sjwang 2018-11-16T10:44:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002824 serum osteocalcin level CMO:0002824 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cellular organelles. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:05:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002825 cell organelle measurement CMO:0002825 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more cellular organelles. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more neuronal organelles. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:08:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002826 neuron organelle measurement CMO:0002826 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of neuron cytoplasm. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:11:32Z neuronal cytoplasm measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002827 neuron cytoplasm measurement CMO:0002827 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of neuron cytoplasm. GO:0005737 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the cell cytoplasm. (GO:0005737 and ISBN:0198547684). sjwang 2018-11-16T14:19:18Z neuronal cytoplasm area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002828 neuron cytoplasm area CMO:0002828 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more neuronal mitochondria. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:22:25Z neuronal mitochondrion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002829 neuron mitochondrion measurement CMO:0002829 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more neuronal mitochondria. GO:0005739 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through neuronal mitochondria. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:28:18Z neuronal mitochondrion area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002830 neuron mitochondrion area CMO:0002830 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the neuron mitochondrion area. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:31:17Z calculated neuron mitochondrion area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002831 calculated neuron mitochondrion area measurement CMO:0002831 A calculated measurement in which the neuronal mitochondrion area is divided by the neuronal cytoplasm area, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:35:15Z neuronal mitochondrion area to neuronal cytoplasm area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002832 neuron mitochondrion area to neuron cytoplasm area ratio CMO:0002832 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more neuronal lysosomes. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:37:59Z neuronal lysosome measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002833 neuron lysosome measurement CMO:0002833 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more neuronal lysosomes. GO:0005764 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through neuronal lysosomes. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:42:53Z neuronal lysosome area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002834 neuron lysosome area CMO:0002834 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the neuron lysosome area. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:47:13Z calculated neuronal lysosome area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002835 calculated neuron lysosome area measurement CMO:0002835 A calculated measurement in which the neuronal lysosome area is divided by the neuronal cytoplasm area, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:49:46Z neuronal lysosome area to neuronal cytoplasm area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002836 neuron lysosome area to neuron cytoplasm area ratio CMO:0002836 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal golgi apparatus. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:53:06Z neuronal golgi apparatus measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002837 neuron golgi apparatus measurement CMO:0002837 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal golgi apparatus. GO:0005794 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the neuronal golgi apparatus. sjwang 2018-11-16T14:58:20Z neuronal golgi apparatus area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002838 neuron golgi apparatus area CMO:0002838 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the neuron golgi apparatus area. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:01:31Z calculated neuronal golgi apparatus area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002839 calculated neuron golgi apparatus area measurement CMO:0002839 A calculated measurement in which the neuronal golgi apparatus area is divided by the neuronal cytoplasm area, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:14:47Z neuronal golgi apparatus area to neuronal cytoplasm area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002840 neuron golgi apparatus area to neuron cytoplasm area ratio CMO:0002840 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:17:30Z neuronal rER measurement neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002841 neuron rough endoplasmic reticulum measurement CMO:0002841 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum. GO:0005791 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:32:34Z neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002842 neuron rough endoplasmic reticulum area CMO:0002842 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the neuron rough endoplasmic reticulum area. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:35:17Z calculated neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002843 calculated neuron rough endoplasmic reticulum area measurement CMO:0002843 A calculated measurement in which the neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum area is divided by the neuronal cytoplasm area, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:38:07Z neuronal rough endoplasmic reticulum area to neuronal cytoplasm area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002844 neuron rough endoplasmic reticulum area to neuron cytoplasm area ratio CMO:0002844 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal vacuole. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:43:31Z neuronal vacuole measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002845 neuron vacuole measurement CMO:0002845 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of the neuronal vacuole. GO:0005773 ISBN:0198547684 A measurement of the average extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through the neuronal vacuole. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:46:20Z neuronal vacuole area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002846 neuron vacuole area CMO:0002846 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the neuron vacuole area. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:48:48Z calculated neuronal vacuole area measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002847 calculated neuron vacuole area measurement CMO:0002847 A calculated measurement in which the neuronal vacuole area is divided by the neuronal cytoplasm area, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-16T15:51:01Z neuronal vacuole area to neuronal cytoplasm area ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002848 neuron vacuole area to neuron cytoplasm area ratio CMO:0002848 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more of the mesenteric arteries, which arise from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk, and supplies blood to the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon, as well as the pancreas. sjwang 2018-11-19T15:28:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002849 mesenteric artery morphological measurement CMO:0002849 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the wall of one or more of the mesenteric arteries. sjwang 2018-11-19T15:30:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002850 mesenteric artery molecular composition measurement CMO:0002850 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the physical form or structure of any of the mesenteric arteries. sjwang 2018-11-19T15:33:20Z calculated mesenteric artery wall molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002851 calculated mesenteric artery molecular composition measurement CMO:0002851 A calculated measurement in which mesenteric artery phosphorylated eNOS protein level is divided by aorta wall total eNOS protein level and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Phosphorylation of eNOS is a mechanism that catylzes a structural change of the enzyme to an activated form. sjwang 2018-11-19T15:35:54Z mesenteric artery phosphylated eNOS protein level to total eNOS protein level ratio mesenteric artery wall phosphylated eNOS level to total eNOS level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002852 mesenteric artery phosphorylated eNOS level to total eNOS level ratio CMO:0002852 A calculated measurement in which aorta wall phosphorylated eNOS protein level is divided by aorta wall total eNOS protein level and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Phosphorylation of eNOS is a mechanism that catylzes a structural change of the enzyme to an activated form. sjwang 2018-11-19T15:53:29Z aorta wall phosphylated eNOS protein level to total eNOS protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002853 aorta wall phosphorylated eNOS level to total eNOS level ratio CMO:0002853 The count of discrete movements of an organism from one place to another along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice within a specified period of time. sjwang 2018-11-19T16:02:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002854 voluntary horizontal locomotion rate in an experimental apparatus CMO:0002854 The amount of fructosamine, the compound that results from glycation reactions between a sugar and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement, found in a specific volume of blood sjwang 2018-11-19T16:06:07Z fructosamine measurement EFO:0009303 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002855 blood fructosamine level CMO:0002855 The amount of fructosamine, the compound that results from glycation reactions between a sugar and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement, found in a specific volume of blood https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fructosamine The amount of fructosamine, the compound that results from glycation reactions between a sugar and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement, found in a specific volume of serum. sjwang 2018-11-19T16:08:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002856 serum fructosamine level CMO:0002856 The amount of fructosamine, the compound that results from glycation reactions between a sugar and a primary amine, followed by isomerization via the Amadori rearrangement, found in a specific volume of plasma. sjwang 2018-11-19T16:10:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002857 plasma fructosamine level CMO:0002857 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the water drink intake rate. sjwang 2018-11-21T10:34:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002858 calculated water drink intake rate CMO:0002858 Amount of water consumed as a drink per unit time divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-21T12:35:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002859 water intake drink rate to body weight ratio CMO:0002859 Monophasic action potentials (MAPs) are recorded using contact electrode catheters. The recordings provide local information about the actual cellular depolarization and repolarization process of myocardial tissue. They are different from body surface electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings or standard endocardial electrograms, which produce a summative or derivative view of the heart's electrical activity sjwang 2018-11-26T13:03:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002860 monophasic action potential CMO:0002860 Monophasic action potentials (MAPs) are recorded using contact electrode catheters. The recordings provide local information about the actual cellular depolarization and repolarization process of myocardial tissue. They are different from body surface electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings or standard endocardial electrograms, which produce a summative or derivative view of the heart's electrical activity ISBN:978-1-4557-2856-5 ZIPES:Zipes_Cardiac_Electrophysiology:_From_Cell_to_Bedside__(Sixth_Edition) Conduction velocity is calculated as the distance from pacing electrode to the monophasic action potential recording electrode across the epicardial surface, divided by the conduction time, the time from the pacing spike to monophasic action potential onset. sjwang 2018-11-26T13:39:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002861 conduction velocity CMO:0002861 Conduction velocity is calculated as the distance from pacing electrode to the monophasic action potential recording electrode across the epicardial surface, divided by the conduction time, the time from the pacing spike to monophasic action potential onset. PMID:17322641 The E/E' is a ratio of peak velocity of early diastolic trans-mitral flow (E) to the peak velocity of early diastolic mitral annular motion (E') sjwang 2018-11-26T14:10:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology E wave velocity to E' wave velocity ratio CMO:0002862 E/E' wave ratio CMO:0002862 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the tissue(s) of the heart. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:27:05Z cardiac molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002863 heart molecular composition measurement CMO:0002863 Measurement of the amount of free fatty acids within the heart. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:31:33Z cardiac free fatty acid level cardiac non-esterified fatty acid level heart NEFA level heart non-esterified fatty acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002864 heart free fatty acid level CMO:0002864 Measurement of the amount of triglycerides within the heart. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:35:50Z cardiac triglyceride level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002865 heart triglyceride level CMO:0002865 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the end-systolic heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:44:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002866 calculated heart left ventricle end-systolic posterior wall thickness CMO:0002866 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-systolic posterior wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:50:07Z LVPWIs clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002867 heart left ventricle end-systolic posterior wall index CMO:0002867 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-systolic posterior wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:24205240 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heart left ventricle end-systolic internal diameter. sjwang 2018-11-26T14:59:27Z calculated heart left ventricle end-systolic internal dimension clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002868 calculated heart left ventricle end-systolic internal diameter CMO:0002868 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-systolic internal diameter is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-26T15:03:09Z LV internal dimension index systole LVIDIs LVIDS/BW heart left ventricle end-systolic dimension to body weight ratio heart left ventricle end-systolic internal dimension index clinical_measurement_ontology LV internal dimension during systole divided by body weight CMO:0002869 heart left ventricle end-systolic diameter to body weight ratio CMO:0002869 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-systolic internal diameter is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:24205240 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heart ventricle end-systolic septal wall thickness. sjwang 2018-11-26T15:08:05Z calculated heart end-systolic intraventricular wall thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002870 calculated heart ventricle end-systolic septal wall thickness CMO:0002870 A calculated measurement in which the heart ventricle end-systolic septal wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-26T15:11:20Z IVSIs interventricular septum index end-systole clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002871 heart ventricle end-systolic septal wall index CMO:0002871 A calculated measurement in which the heart ventricle end-systolic septal wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:24205240 Peak velocity of late atrial diastolic trans-mitral flow (A). sjwang 2018-11-26T15:13:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002872 A wave velocity CMO:0002872 E' wave velocity is the peak velocity of early mitral annular diastolic motion. sjwang 2018-11-26T15:20:51Z e' wave velocity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002873 E' wave velocity CMO:0002873 A' wave velocity (A') is the peak velocity of late (atrial) diastolic mitral annular motion. sjwang 2018-11-26T15:23:27Z a' wave velocity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002874 A' wave velocity CMO:0002874 The amount of enzymatic activity of &#945;-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (NAGA) in a specified sample of blood. sjwang 2018-11-27T13:20:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002875 blood NAGA activity level CMO:0002875 This is a measurement of the amount of N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP (NPPB) in a specified volume of blood. sjwang 2018-11-27T14:45:16Z N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide measurement EFO:0004745 EFO:0010921 NT-proBNP measurement blood N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP level blood NH2-terminal Nppb level blood NT-proB-type Natriuretic Peptide level blood NT-proBNP level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002876 blood NH2-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level CMO:0002876 This is a measurement of the amount of N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP (NPPB) in a specified volume of blood. https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=3194 This is a measurement of the amount of N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP (NPPB) in a specified volume of plasma. sjwang 2018-11-27T14:54:19Z plasma NH2-terminal Nppb level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002877 plasma NH2-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level CMO:0002877 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of aldosterone in a specified sample of plasma. sjwang 2018-11-27T14:58:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002878 calculated plasma aldosterone level CMO:0002878 sjwang 2018-11-27T14:59:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002879 plasma aldosterone level to plasma renin activity ratio CMO:0002879 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of cardiac output. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:03:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002880 calculated cardiac output measurement CMO:0002880 A calculated measurement in which the cardiac output is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:09:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002881 cardiac index CMO:0002881 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of cardiac stroke volume. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:14:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002882 calculated stroke volume CMO:0002882 A calculated measurement in which the cardiac stroke volume is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:16:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002883 stroke index CMO:0002883 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the left ventricular end-systolic blood pressure. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:20:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002884 calculated left ventricular end-systolic blood pressure CMO:0002884 Effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined as the ratio of left ventricular end-systolic pressure (Pes) to stroke volume (SV), provides a convenient, useful method to assess arterial load. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:23:57Z PMID:27521423 E(a) Ea(PV) Pes/SV clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002885 arterial elastance CMO:0002885 Effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined as the ratio of left ventricular end-systolic pressure (Pes) to stroke volume (SV), provides a convenient, useful method to assess arterial load. PMID:11834502 PMID:1638719 Defined as the work performed by the left or right ventricle to eject the stroke volume into the aorta or pulmonary artery, respectively. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:29:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002886 ventricle stroke work CMO:0002886 Defined as the work performed by the left or right ventricle to eject the stroke volume into the aorta or pulmonary artery, respectively. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%E2%80%93volume_loop_analysis_in_cardiology Defined as the work performed by the left ventricle to eject the stroke volume into the aorta. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:32:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002887 left ventricle stroke work CMO:0002887 Defined as the work performed by the left ventricle to eject the stroke volume into the aorta. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%E2%80%93volume_loop_analysis_in_cardiology Preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) is determined by the linear regression of stroke work with the end-diastolic volume. The slope of the PRSW relationship is a highly linear index of myocardial contractility that is insensitive to preload and afterload. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:34:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002888 preload recruitable left ventricle stroke work CMO:0002888 Preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW) is determined by the linear regression of stroke work with the end-diastolic volume. The slope of the PRSW relationship is a highly linear index of myocardial contractility that is insensitive to preload and afterload. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%E2%80%93volume_loop_analysis_in_cardiology A calculated measurement in which the maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure is divided by the left ventricular end-diastolic volume, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:38:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002889 maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure to left ventricular end-diastolic volume ratio CMO:0002889 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the end-diastolic heart left ventricle posterior wall thickness. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:46:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002890 calculated heart left ventricle end-diastolic posterior wall thickness CMO:0002890 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic posterior wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:56:21Z LVPWId clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002891 heart left ventricle end-diastolic posterior wall index CMO:0002891 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic posterior wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:24205240 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heart left ventricle end-diastolic anterior wall thickness. sjwang 2018-11-27T15:58:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002892 calculated heart left ventricle end-diastolic anterior wall thickness CMO:0002892 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic anterior wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T16:14:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002893 heart left ventricle end-diastolic anterior wall index CMO:0002893 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heart ventricle end-diastolic septal wall thickness. sjwang 2018-11-27T16:18:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002894 calculated heart ventricle end-diastolic septal wall thickness CMO:0002894 A calculated measurement in which the heart ventricle end-diastolic septal wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-27T16:19:43Z IVSId interventricular septum index end-diastole clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002895 heart ventricle end-diastolic septal wall index CMO:0002895 A calculated measurement in which the heart ventricle end-diastolic septal wall thickness is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:24205240 Measurement of the amount of a ketone body, 3-hydroxybutyrate, in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:09:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002896 urine 3-hydroxybutyrate level CMO:0002896 This is a measurement of the amount of a ketone body, acetoacetate, in a specified sample of urine. Acetoacetate is the conjugate base of acetoacetic acid, a physiologically relevant ketone body. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:12:31Z acetoacetate measurement EFO:0010111 clinical_measurement_ontology urine acetoacetic acid level CMO:0002897 urine acetoacetate level CMO:0002897 This is a measurement of the amount of a ketone body, acetoacetate, in a specified sample of urine. Acetoacetate is the conjugate base of acetoacetic acid, a physiologically relevant ketone body. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetoacetic_acid https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone_bodies The amount of glycated albumin in a specified volume of blood. Glycation is the result of a sugar molecule, such as fructose or glucose, bonding to a protein or lipid molecule without the controlling action of an enzyme. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:15:46Z EFO:0009305 total glycated albumin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002898 blood glycated albumin level CMO:0002898 A calculated measurement in which the amount of glycated albumin in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of total albumin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:20:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002899 blood glycated albumin level to blood albumin level ratio CMO:0002899 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of hemoglobin, or a derivative of hemoglobin, in a specified sample of blood. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:41:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002900 calculated blood hemoglobin level CMO:0002900 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of hemoglobin, or a derivative of hemoglobin, in a specified sample of blood. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of glycated albumin in a specified sample of blood. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:43:05Z EFO:0009304 percent glycated albumin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002901 calculated blood glycated albumin level CMO:0002901 A calculated measurement in which the amount of hemoglobin A1c in a specified sample of blood is divided by the amount of total hemoglobin in that same sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:51:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002902 blood hemoglobin A1c level level to blood hemoglobin level ratio true CMO:0002902 Renal medullary blood flow (MBF) is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the renal medulla per unit time. sjwang 2018-11-30T15:55:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002903 renal medullary blood flow rate CMO:0002903 Renal medullary blood flow (MBF) is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting from the renal medulla per unit time. PMID:22080855 The amount of vasopressin in a specified volume of blood. Vasopressin belongs to family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour sjwang 2018-12-03T14:09:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002904 blood vasopressin level CMO:0002904 The amount of vasopressin in a specified volume of blood. Vasopressin belongs to family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour CHEBI:9937 The amount of vasopressin in a specified volume of plasma. Vasopressin belongs to family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. sjwang 2018-12-03T14:13:33Z plasma antidiuretic hormone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002905 plasma vasopressin level CMO:0002905 The amount of vasopressin in a specified volume of serum. Vasopressin belongs to family of cyclic nonapeptide hormones found in most mammals. Synthesised in the hypothalamus and stored in the post-pituitary, vasopressins play a key role in homeostasis, particularly in regulating the body's water content. Together with the similar neuropeptide oxytocin, they are believed to influence social cognition and behaviour. sjwang 2018-12-03T14:16:36Z serum antidiuretic hormone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002906 serum vasopressin level CMO:0002906 Measurement of the amount of phosphorus, measured as inorganic phosphate eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. sjwang 2018-12-03T14:30:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002907 urine phosphate excretion rate CMO:0002907 The amount of urea excreted into the urine within a specified period of time. sjwang 2018-12-03T14:32:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002908 urine urea excretion rate CMO:0002908 Left ventricle end-diastolic elastance (Eed) is the estimate of the slope of the line Ped = Eed(Ved-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship. sjwang 2018-12-03T16:21:42Z Eed clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002909 heart left ventricle end-diastolic elastance CMO:0002909 Left ventricle end-diastolic elastance (Eed) is the estimate of the slope of the line Ped = Eed(Ved-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship. PMID:12957726 Left ventricle end-systolic elastance (Ees) is the estimate of the slope of the line Pes = Ees(Ves-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. sjwang 2018-12-03T16:24:05Z Ees clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002910 heart left ventricle end-systolic elastance CMO:0002910 Left ventricle end-systolic elastance (Ees) is the estimate of the slope of the line Pes = Ees(Ves-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. PMID:12957726 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of components of the periodic tightening and loosening of the muscles of a ventricle of the heart. sjwang 2018-12-04T12:06:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002911 calculated ventricle contraction measurement CMO:0002911 Left ventricle diastolic volume-axis intercept (V0) is determined by the line Ped = Eed(Ved-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship. Ped = end-diastolic pressure, Ved = end-diastolic volume, V0 – theoretical volume when no pressure is generated, Eed (end-diastolic elastance, stiffness) is the slope of the EDPVR (LV end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship). sjwang 2018-12-04T12:31:25Z PMID:12957726 EDPVR V0 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002912 heart left ventricle diastolic volume-axis intercept CMO:0002912 Left ventricle diastolic volume-axis intercept (V0) is determined by the line Ped = Eed(Ved-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship. Ped = end-diastolic pressure, Ved = end-diastolic volume, V0 – theoretical volume when no pressure is generated, Eed (end-diastolic elastance, stiffness) is the slope of the EDPVR (LV end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship). PMID:12957726 Left ventricle systolic volume-axis intercept (V0) is determined by the line Pes = Ees(Ves-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship. Pes = end-systolic pressure, Ves = end-systolic volume, V0 – theoretical volume when no pressure is generated, Ees (index of LV systolic function, contractility) is the slope of the ESPVR (LV end-systolic pressure–volume relationship). sjwang 2018-12-04T12:34:18Z PMID:12957726 ESPVR V0 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002913 heart left ventricle systolic volume-axis intercept CMO:0002913 Left ventricle systolic volume-axis intercept (V0) is determined by the line Pes = Ees(Ves-V0), which is based on linear regression of points determined by iterative calculation of the LV end-diastolic pressure–volume relationship. Pes = end-systolic pressure, Ves = end-systolic volume, V0 – theoretical volume when no pressure is generated, Ees (index of LV systolic function, contractility) is the slope of the ESPVR (LV end-systolic pressure–volume relationship). PMID:12957726 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure%E2%80%93volume_loop_analysis_in_cardiology A measurement of the volume of blood in ventricle immediately before a contraction which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. . sjwang 2018-12-04T12:46:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002914 calculated end-diastolic volume CMO:0002914 A measurement of the volume of blood in a ventricle at the end of a contraction which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. sjwang 2018-12-04T12:59:56Z PMID:12957726 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002915 calculated end-systolic volume CMO:0002915 A measurement of the volume of blood in a ventricle at the end of a contraction which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. PMID:12957726 The amount of adrenomedullin in a specified sample of kidney tissue. sjwang 2018-12-05T13:54:43Z adrenomedullin measurement EFO:0010909 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002916 kidney adrenomedullin level CMO:0002916 The amount of adrenomedullin in a specified sample of medullary kidney tissue. sjwang 2018-12-05T13:57:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002917 kidney medullary adrenomedullin level CMO:0002917 The amount of adrenomedullin in a specified sample of cortical kidney tissue. sjwang 2018-12-05T13:59:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002918 kidney cortical adrenomedullin level CMO:0002918 The amount of urotensin II in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2018-12-06T15:39:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002919 urine urotensin II level CMO:0002919 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of urotensin II in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-06T15:41:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002920 calculated urine urotensin II level CMO:0002920 A calculated measurement in which the amount of urotensin II is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2018-12-06T15:42:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002921 urine urotensin II level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0002921 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of albumin in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-06T15:46:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002922 calculated urine albumin level CMO:0002922 The number of dissolved particles in a specified volume of plasma. sjwang 2018-12-06T16:05:07Z blood osmolality measurement EFO:0007967 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002923 plasma osmolality CMO:0002923 The number of dissolved particles in a specified volume of plasma. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_osmolality Any measurement of urea in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. Urea is the main nitrogenous breakdown product of protein metabolism in mammals and is excreted in urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:08:11Z EFO:0011005 urea measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002924 urine urea level CMO:0002924 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of urea in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:11:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002925 calculated urine urea level CMO:0002925 A calculated measurement in which the amount of urea present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:22:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002926 urine urea level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0002926 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of sodium in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:27:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002927 calculated urine sodium level CMO:0002927 A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium ions present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:29:18Z EFO:0009883 urinary sodium to creatinine ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002928 urine sodium level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0002928 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of potassium in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:33:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002929 calculated urine potassium level CMO:0002929 A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium ions present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:35:25Z EFO:0009882 urinary potassium to creatinine ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002930 urine potassium level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0002930 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the volume of fluid filtered from the kidney glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per specified unit of time based on a blood solute level, weight and age of organism and other factors. sjwang 2018-12-07T10:37:27Z EFO:0006829 GFR change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002931 calculated glomerular filtration rate CMO:0002931 Any quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more nucleic acids in the heart. Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group, and are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. sjwang 2018-12-07T11:57:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002932 heart nucleic acid measurement CMO:0002932 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the heart is formed or composed. sjwang 2018-12-07T12:02:20Z CMO:0002796 heart RNA composition measurement heart ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002933 heart ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002933 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:04:28Z heart Igf1 mRNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002934 heart insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA level CMO:0002934 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the heart left ventricle is formed or composed. sjwang 2018-12-07T12:09:49Z CMO:0003333 heart left ventricle ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002935 heart left ventricle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002935 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:23:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002936 heart right ventricle insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA level CMO:0002936 The amount of ribonucleic acid (RNA), the molecule composed of the sugar ribose, phosphate groups and any combination of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and/or uracil , extracted from or contained in the heart right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart (from the perspective of the organism rather than the observer), which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung. sjwang 2018-12-07T12:28:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002937 heart right ventricle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0002937 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:30:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002938 heart right ventricle molecular composition measurement CMO:0002938 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:35:54Z heart left ventricle Igf1r mRNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002939 heart left ventricle insulin-like growth factor 1 mRNA level CMO:0002939 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:44:11Z heart Igf1r mRNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002940 heart insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor mRNA level CMO:0002940 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:46:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002941 heart right ventricle insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor mRNA level CMO:0002941 sjwang 2018-12-07T12:49:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002942 heart left ventricle insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor mRNA level CMO:0002942 Filtration fraction is the ratio of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to the renal plasma flow (RPF). Filtration Fraction, FF = GFR/RPF. The filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys which passes into the renal tubules. sjwang 2018-12-07T14:45:56Z PMID:2846658 FF filtration fraction clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002943 renal filtration fraction CMO:0002943 sjwang 2018-12-07T14:51:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002944 glomerular filtration rate to kidney weight ratio CMO:0002944 A calculated measurement to determine the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries of a single nephron into Bowman's capsule per unit time. sjwang 2018-12-07T14:54:49Z SNGFR clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002945 single nephron glomerular filtration rate CMO:0002945 A calculated measurement to determine the ratio of the single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) to the renal plasma flow (RPF). Single nephron filtration Fraction, SNFF = SNGFR/RPF. The single nephron filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys which passes into the renal tubules from a single nephron. sjwang 2018-12-07T14:57:04Z SNFF clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002946 single nephron filtration fraction CMO:0002946 A calculated measurement to determine the ratio of the single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) to the renal plasma flow (RPF). Single nephron filtration Fraction, SNFF = SNGFR/RPF. The single nephron filtration fraction, therefore, represents the proportion of the fluid reaching the kidneys which passes into the renal tubules from a single nephron. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filtration_fraction sjwang 2018-12-07T15:14:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002947 calculated kidney morphological measurement CMO:0002947 A semiquantitative evaluation of the renal interstitium using a grading system with a score of 0 to 4+, which assesses the tubules and the interstitium for the presence of (1) tubular atrophy, (2) tubular dilatation, (3) interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrates, and (4) interstitial fibrosis. A score of 0 indicates no lesion (normal kidney), 1+ indicates a single, small focal lesion with very minimal tubular alterations and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and 2+ to 4+ indicated increasing severity of tubular lesions, interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and/or fibrosis. A score of 4+ indicates involvement of approximately 50% or more of the renal parenchyma or interstitium. sjwang 2018-12-07T15:16:47Z Not4Curation kidney tubulointerstitial score clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002948 renal tubulointerstitial score CMO:0002948 A semiquantitative evaluation of the renal interstitium using a grading system with a score of 0 to 4+, which assesses the tubules and the interstitium for the presence of (1) tubular atrophy, (2) tubular dilatation, (3) interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrates, and (4) interstitial fibrosis. A score of 0 indicates no lesion (normal kidney), 1+ indicates a single, small focal lesion with very minimal tubular alterations and interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and 2+ to 4+ indicated increasing severity of tubular lesions, interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration, and/or fibrosis. A score of 4+ indicates involvement of approximately 50% or more of the renal parenchyma or interstitium. PMID:9369281 Measurement of the amount of podocalyxin eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Podocalyxin is a sialoglycoprotein found in the glycocalyx that covers the apical surface of podocytes. sjwang 2018-12-07T16:31:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002949 urine podocalyxin excretion rate CMO:0002949 A calculated value in which the weight of the left atrium, the upper chamber on the left side of the heart which empties into the lower left chamber, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. sjwang 2018-12-20T14:50:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002950 heart left atrium weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002950 A measurement of the physical form or structure of the right atrium, the right upper chamber of the heart that receives blood from the vena cava and forces it into the right ventricle, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. sjwang 2018-12-20T14:57:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002951 calculated heart right atrium morphological measurement CMO:0002951 A calculated value in which the weight of the right atrium, the upper chamber on the right side of the heart which empties into the lower right left chamber, is divided by the total weight of the body and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. sjwang 2018-12-20T14:59:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002952 heart right atrium weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002952 The weight of the septum of the heart, which is the portion of the heart left ventricle ventral/anterior wall and right ventricle dorsal/posterior wall which is shared between the ventricles, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart. sjwang 2018-12-20T15:02:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002953 heart septum weight CMO:0002953 The average number of podocytes in the kidney glomeruli. sjwang 2018-12-20T15:09:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002954 number of podocytes per kidney glomerulus CMO:0002954 A calculated measurement in which the average number of podocytes is divided by the average volume of kidney glomeruli. sjwang 2018-12-20T15:13:54Z PMID:16902320 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002955 number of podocytes to glomerular volume ratio CMO:0002955 A calculated measurement in which the average number of podocytes is divided by the average volume of kidney glomeruli. PMID:16902320 Any measurement of aldosterone in urine. sjwang 2018-12-20T15:27:35Z aldosterone measurement EFO:0010219 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002956 urine aldosterone measurement CMO:0002956 Measurement of the amount of aldosterone in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2018-12-20T15:30:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002957 urine aldosterone level CMO:0002957 Measurement of the amount of aldosterone eliminated from the body in the urine per unit time. Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:14:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002958 urine aldosterone excretion rate CMO:0002958 The average number of nucleated cells in the kidney glomeruli. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:17:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002959 number of nucleated cells per kidney glomerulus CMO:0002959 An injury score obtained by multiplying the degree of glomerular damage (0 to 4) with the percentage of the glomeruli with that type of injury (i.e., increase in mesangial matrix material or glomerulosclerosis). sjwang 2018-12-26T16:20:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002960 mesangial injury score CMO:0002960 An injury score obtained by multiplying the degree of glomerular damage (0 to 4) with the percentage of the glomeruli with that type of injury (i.e., increase in mesangial matrix material or glomerulosclerosis). PMID:9841488 Amount of parathyroid hormone, a hormone that regulates blood calcium and phosphate levels, in a specified volume of blood. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:24:21Z parathyroid hormone measurement EFO:0004752 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002961 blood parathyroid hormone level CMO:0002961 Amount of parathyroid hormone, a hormone that regulates blood calcium and phosphate levels, in a specified volume of plasma. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:26:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002962 plasma parathyroid hormone level CMO:0002962 Amount of parathyroid hormone, a hormone that regulates blood calcium and phosphate levels, in a specified volume of serum. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:27:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002963 serum parathyroid hormone level CMO:0002963 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of tibialis anterior muscle, which is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to invert the foot. It is situated on the lateral side of the tibia; it is thick and fleshy above, tendinous below. This muscle overlaps the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve in the upper part of the leg. sjwang 2018-12-26T16:39:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002964 tibialis anterior muscle weight CMO:0002964 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of tibialis anterior muscle, which is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to invert the foot. It is situated on the lateral side of the tibia; it is thick and fleshy above, tendinous below. This muscle overlaps the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve in the upper part of the leg. UBERON:0001385 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of extensor digitorum longus muscle, which is a penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the hindlimb responsible for extension of the digits and dorsiflexion of the ankle. sjwang 2018-12-27T09:53:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002965 extensor digitorum longus muscle weight CMO:0002965 The weight or the measure of the heaviness of extensor digitorum longus muscle, which is a penniform muscle of the lateral front part of the hindlimb responsible for extension of the digits and dorsiflexion of the ankle. UBERON:0001386 A calculated measurement in which the weight of tibialis anterior muscle is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2018-12-27T10:01:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002966 tibialis anterior muscle weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002966 A calculated measurement in which the weight of extensor digitorum longus muscle is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2018-12-27T10:05:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002967 extensor digitorum longus muscle weight to body weight ratio CMO:0002967 Volume of blood plasma delivered to a single glomerulus per unit time sjwang 2018-12-27T11:44:39Z PMID:2846658 Qa glomerular capillary plasma flow rate initial glomerular plasma flow rate single glomerular afferent plasma flow clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002968 afferent arteriolar plasma flow rate CMO:0002968 Volume of blood plasma delivered to a single glomerulus per unit time ISBN:9781455723041 PMID:24875196 Force exerted on the luminal capillary wall from fluid flowing through the capillary. sjwang 2018-12-27T11:55:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002969 glomerular capillary hydraulic pressure CMO:0002969 Force exerted on the luminal capillary wall from fluid flowing through the capillary. E-Book:Brenner_and_Rector's_The_Kidney_E-Book,_2015 Any measurement of one of the small blood vessels carrying blood between arteries and capillaries. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:03:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002970 arteriole measurement CMO:0002970 Resistance that must be overcome to push blood through arterioles to create flow. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:07:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002971 arteriolar resistance CMO:0002971 Resistance that must be overcome to push blood through arterioles to create flow. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_resistance Resistance to blood flow measured within the efferent arteriole proximal to a glomerular capillary network. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:21:25Z Re efferent glomerular arteriolar resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002972 efferent arteriolar resistance CMO:0002972 Resistance to blood flow measured within the efferent arteriole proximal to a glomerular capillary network. E-Book:Brenner_and_Rector's_The_Kidney_E-Book,_2015 Resistance to blood flow measured within the afferent arteriole distal to a glomerular capillary network. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:27:17Z Ra afferent glomerular arteriolar resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002973 afferent arteriolar resistance CMO:0002973 Total resistance to blood flow measured within the afferent arteriole proximal and distal to a glomerular capillary network (Rt = Ra + Re). sjwang 2018-12-27T12:33:35Z Rt; total glomerular arteriolar resistance clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002974 total arteriolar resistance CMO:0002974 Measurement of the total amount of all proteins found in a specific volume of afferent arteriolar plasma. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:45:26Z Ca clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002975 afferent arteriolar plasma protein concentration CMO:0002975 Measurement of the total amount of all proteins found in a specific volume of efferent arteriolar plasma. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:49:32Z Ce clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002976 efferent arteriolar plasma protein concentration CMO:0002976 A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in the afferent arteriole's plasma that tends to pull water into the circulatory system. It is the opposing force to hydrostatic pressure. It has a major effect on the pressure across the glomerular filter. sjwang 2018-12-27T12:53:15Z afferent arteriolar colloid osmotic pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002977 afferent colloid osmotic pressure CMO:0002977 A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in the afferent arteriole's plasma that tends to pull water into the circulatory system. It is the opposing force to hydrostatic pressure. It has a major effect on the pressure across the glomerular filter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_pressure A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in the efferent arteriole's plasma that tends to pull water into the circulatory system. It is the opposing force to hydrostatic pressure. It has a major effect on the pressure across the glomerular filter sjwang 2018-12-27T13:07:24Z efferent arteriolar colloid osmotic pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002978 efferent colloid osmotic pressure CMO:0002978 A form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins, notably albumin, in the efferent arteriole's plasma that tends to pull water into the circulatory system. It is the opposing force to hydrostatic pressure. It has a major effect on the pressure across the glomerular filter http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic_pressure A measure of a membrane's permeability to water; specifically, the volume of fluid filtered in unit time through a unit area of membrane per unit pressure difference, and it is defined as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for both kidneys per millimeter of mercury (mmHg) of filtration pressure. sjwang 2018-12-27T13:11:50Z Kf clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002979 glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient CMO:0002979 A measure of a membrane's permeability to water; specifically, the volume of fluid filtered in unit time through a unit area of membrane per unit pressure difference, and it is defined as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for both kidneys per millimeter of mercury (mmHg) of filtration pressure. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filtration_coefficient A calculated measurement in which the area occupied by renal cysts is divided by the total the kidney, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-12-27T14:28:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002980 ratio of the area occupied by cysts to the total area of the kidney CMO:0002980 Blood measurement of Angiotensin I, a decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by renin. It is converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme. sjwang 2018-12-27T14:31:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002981 blood angiotensin I level CMO:0002981 Plasma measurement of Angiotensin I, a decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by renin. It is converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme. sjwang 2018-12-27T14:33:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002982 plasma angiotensin I level CMO:0002982 Serum measurement of Angiotensin I, a decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by renin. It is converted to angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme. sjwang 2018-12-27T14:35:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002983 serum angiotensin I level CMO:0002983 Force exerted on the luminal surface of the proximal tubule from fluid flowing through the tubule. sjwang 2018-12-27T15:20:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002984 mean proximal tubular hydraulic pressure CMO:0002984 Force exerted on the luminal vessel wall from fluid flowing through the efferent arteriole. sjwang 2018-12-27T15:22:41Z efferent glomerular arteriolar hydraulic pressure clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002985 efferent arteriolar hydraulic pressure CMO:0002985 Force exerted on the luminal vessel wall from fluid flowing through the efferent arteriole. E-Book:Brenner_and_Rector's_The_Kidney_E-Book The difference between the force exerted on the luminal glomerular capillary wall and the force exerted on the luminal proximal tubular membrane (Pgc - Pt = delta P). sjwang 2018-12-27T15:27:01Z Pgc - Pt = delta P clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002986 glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure gradient CMO:0002986 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:42:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002987 adrenal gland molecular composition measurement CMO:0002987 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:44:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002988 adrenal protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0002988 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:46:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002989 adrenal gland renin level CMO:0002989 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:51:33Z Visceral fat weight/ tibial length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002990 retroperitoneal fat pad weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0002990 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:54:15Z Subcutaneous fat weight/ tibial length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002991 inguinal fat pad weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0002991 sjwang 2018-12-27T15:58:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0002992 calculated left ventricular end-diastolic blood pressure measurement CMO:0002992 A calculated measurement in which the pressure in the heart left ventricle at the end of diastole, the period when the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood, divided by the diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2018-12-27T16:00:35Z LVEDP/LVDd clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002993 heart left ventricular end-diastolic blood pressure to heart left ventricular end-diastolic diameter ratio CMO:0002993 Rate-pressure product is defined as the product of the heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) (beats per minute) and mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) (mm Hg). sjwang 2019-01-02T13:36:28Z PMID:27671317 RPP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002994 rate-pressure product CMO:0002994 Rate-pressure product is defined as the product of the heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) (beats per minute) and mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) (mm Hg). http://csecho.ca/wp-content/themes/twentyeleven-csecho/cardiomath/index.php?eqnHD=stress&eqnDisp=rpp https://www.thecalculator.co/health/Rate-Pressure-Product-Calculator-1123.html A calculated measurement in which the weight of the liver is divided by the length of tibia, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2019-01-02T13:45:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002995 liver weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0002995 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the pancreas is divided by the length of tibia, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2019-01-02T14:00:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002996 pancreas weight to tibia length CMO:0002996 A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium ions present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2019-01-04T16:15:58Z urinary relative excretion of sodium clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002997 urine sodium level to body weight ratio CMO:0002997 A calculated measurement in which the amount of potassium ions present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. sjwang 2019-01-04T16:21:28Z urinary relative excretion of potassium clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002998 urine potassium level to body weight ratio CMO:0002998 A calculated measurement in which the amount of sodium ions present in a specified volume of urine , is divided by the amount of potassium in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2019-01-04T16:28:41Z EFO:0009884 urinary sodium to potassium ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0002999 urine sodium level to urine potassium level ratio CMO:0002999 The calculated value blood insulin level area under curve divided by the calculated blood glucose level area under curve. Area under the curve for blood glucose or insulin is a value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin or glucose in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. sjwang 2019-01-22T13:52:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003000 blood insulin level AUC to blood glucose level AUC ratio CMO:0003000 The calculated value blood insulin level area under curve divided by the calculated blood glucose level area under curve. Area under the curve for blood glucose or insulin is a value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin or glucose in a specified volume of blood is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed,_ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement to estimate the effect of insulin on net glucose disposal (insulin sensitivity) in an organism, calculated as 10000/(sqaure root of ((fasting glucose x fasting insulin) x (mean glucose across duration of glucose tolerance test x mean insulin across duration of glucose tolerance test). sjwang 2019-01-22T14:17:38Z EFO:0006832 clinical_measurement_ontology WBISI disposition index measurement CMO:0003001 whole body insulin sensitivity index CMO:0003001 A calculated measurement to estimate the effect of insulin on net glucose disposal (insulin sensitivity) in an organism, calculated as 10000/(sqaure root of ((fasting glucose x fasting insulin) x (mean glucose across duration of glucose tolerance test x mean insulin across duration of glucose tolerance test). PMID:22378939 Calculated model of insulin resistance where the product of fasting glucose and fasting insulin is divided by 22.5. Glucose is measured in mmol/L and insulin in measured in uIU/ml. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:21:46Z EFO:0004501 HOMA-IR clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003002 Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance CMO:0003002 Calculated model of insulin resistance where the product of fasting glucose and fasting insulin is divided by 22.5. Glucose is measured in mmol/L and insulin in measured in uIU/ml. PMID:11874940 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of blood. Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:26:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:28230 CMO:0003003 blood hesperetin level CMO:0003003 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of blood. Hesperetin belongs to the flavanone class of flavonoids. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01094 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:46:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:28230 CMO:0003004 plasma hesperetin level CMO:0003004 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended.Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01094 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:50:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:28230 CMO:0003005 serum hesperetin level CMO:0003005 The amount of hesperetin found in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Hesperetin, in the form of its glycoside Hesperidin, is the predominant flavonoid in lemons and oranges. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01094 Amount of glucose-6-phophatase measured in a specified sample of liver. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:55:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003006 liver glucose-6-phosphatase level CMO:0003006 Amount of glucokinase measured in a specified sample of liver. sjwang 2019-01-22T14:58:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003007 liver glucokinase level CMO:0003007 A measurement of the amount of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in serum which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Cholesterol is a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, is carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules. High density lipoprotein cholesterol refers to any of a group of conjugated proteins that have at least one lipid component. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:11:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003008 calculated serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0003008 A calculated measurement in which the amount of HDL cholesterol in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of total serum cholesterol, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of serum, in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:16:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003009 serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol level to serum total cholesterol level ratio CMO:0003009 A calculated measurement in which the amount of HDL cholesterol in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of total serum cholesterol, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of serum, in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed,_ISBN:978-1416049982 http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) in a specified volume of blood. Dpp4 is a cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:24:56Z PMID:25264749 blood DPP-4 activity level blood DPP4 activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003010 blood dipeptidyl peptidase 4 activity level CMO:0003010 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4) in a specified volume of plasma. Dpp4 is a cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:29:26Z PMID:25264749 plasma DPP-4 activity level plasma DPP4 activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003011 plasma dipeptidyl peptidase 4 activity level CMO:0003011 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by dipeptidyl-peptidase IV (DPP4) in a specified volume of serum. Dpp4 is a cell surface glycoprotein receptor involved in the costimulatory signal essential for T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated T-cell activation. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:31:02Z PMID:25264749 serum DPP-4 activity level serum DPP4 activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003012 serum dipeptidyl peptidase 4 activity level CMO:0003012 A calculated measurement of the average width of the tunica media (the middle coat of the arterial wall) divided by the artery total diameter (measured as the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall). sjwang 2019-01-22T15:47:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003013 artery tunica media to artery total diameter ratio CMO:0003013 A calculated measurement of the average width of the artery lumen (measured as the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the inner surface of the blood vessel wall) divided by the artery total diameter (measured as the length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall). sjwang 2019-01-22T15:50:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003014 artery lumen to artery total diameter ratio CMO:0003014 Measurement of the morphological characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces. The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines are part of the gastrointestinal tract. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:53:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003015 gastrointestinal tract morphological measurement CMO:0003015 Measurement of the morphological characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces. The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines are part of the gastrointestinal tract. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_tract Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the gastrointestinal tract, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces. The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines are part of the gastrointestinal tract. sjwang 2019-01-22T15:58:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003016 gastrointestinal tract weight CMO:0003016 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the gastrointestinal tract, that is, the degree to which it is drawn toward the earth by gravity. The gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces. The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines are part of the gastrointestinal tract. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_tract A measurement of the weight of the gastrointestinal tract which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. sjwang 2019-01-22T16:01:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003017 calculated gastrointestinal tract weight CMO:0003017 sjwang 2019-01-24T09:12:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003018 calculated ovary weight CMO:0003018 sjwang 2019-01-24T09:15:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003019 both ovaries weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003019 The number of reticulocytes in a specified volume of blood. Reticulocytes are newly produced, relatively immature red blood cells. sjwang 2019-01-29T13:09:08Z EFO:0007986 Absolute Reticulocyte Count reticulocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003020 total reticulocyte count CMO:0003020 A calculated measurement in which the number of reticulocyte in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of red blood cell in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction or percentage. sjwang 2019-01-29T14:43:08Z relative reticulocyte count reti count clinical_measurement_ontology reticulocyte count CMO:0003021 reticulocyte count to total red blood cell count ratio CMO:0003021 A calculated measurement in which the number of reticulocyte in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of red blood cell in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction or percentage. Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The distribution width of erythrocytes by their cellular (individual) hemoglobin concentrations. It is a measurement of the heterogeneity of the red cell hemoglobin concentration. sjwang 2019-01-29T15:15:44Z HDW clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003022 hemoglobin distribution width CMO:0003022 The distribution width of erythrocytes by their cellular (individual) hemoglobin concentrations. It is a measurement of the heterogeneity of the red cell hemoglobin concentration. PMID:3411196 The amount of sorbital dehydrogenase in a specific volume of urine. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. sjwang 2019-01-29T15:31:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003023 urine sorbital dehydrogenase level CMO:0003023 The amount of sorbital dehydrogenase in a specific volume of urine. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitol_dehydrogenase A calculated measurement in which the amount of chloride present in a specified volume of urine, is divided by the amount of creatinine in a specified volume of urine. sjwang 2019-01-29T15:38:09Z PMID:24244710 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003024 urine chloride level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0003024 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of chloride in a specified sample of urine. sjwang 2019-01-29T15:41:36Z PMID:24244710 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003025 calculated urine chloride level CMO:0003025 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of chloride in a specified sample of urine. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The amount of bile acid in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Bile acid is any member of a group of hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acids concurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration. sjwang 2019-02-01T09:39:58Z bile acid measurement EFO:0020050 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003026 serum total bile acid CMO:0003026 The amount of bile acid in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Bile acid is any member of a group of hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acids concurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration. CHEBI:3098 A morphological measurement of the size, volume of the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. sjwang 2019-02-14T13:46:56Z kidney cortex volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003027 renal cortex volume CMO:0003027 A morphological measurement of the size, volume, of the renal medulla, the innermost part of the kidney which contains the structures of the nephrons responsible for maintaining the salt and water balance of the blood. sjwang 2019-02-14T13:52:03Z kidney medulla volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003028 renal medulla volume CMO:0003028 A calculated value in which the weight of the gastrointestinal tract is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. The gastrointestinal tract is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces. The mouth, esophagus, stomach and intestines are part of the gastrointestinal tract. sjwang 2019-02-14T14:07:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003029 gastrointestinal tract weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003029 The amount of galanin in a specified sample of blood. Galanin is a neuropeptide encoded by the Gal gene, that is widely expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and gut of humans as well as other mammals. sjwang 2019-02-14T14:39:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003030 blood galanin level CMO:0003030 The amount of galanin in a specified sample of blood. Galanin is a neuropeptide encoded by the Gal gene, that is widely expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and gut of humans as well as other mammals. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galanin The amount of galanin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Galanin is a neuropeptide encoded by the Gal gene, that is widely expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and gut of humans as well as other mammals. sjwang 2019-02-14T14:44:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003031 serum galanin level CMO:0003031 Measurement of the amount in blood of lutenizing hormone (LH) produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. In females, an acute rise of LH triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. In males, LH stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. sjwang 2019-02-15T09:29:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003032 blood lutenizing hormone level CMO:0003032 Measurement of the amount in blood of lutenizing hormone (LH) produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. In females, an acute rise of LH triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum. In males, LH stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone The amount of lutenizing hormone (LH) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-02-15T09:36:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003033 serum lutenizing hormone level CMO:0003033 a measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1)in the blood. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). sjwang 2019-02-15T10:09:09Z plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 measurement EFO:0004792 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003034 blood plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 level CMO:0003034 a measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1)in the blood. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasminogen_activator_inhibitor-1 A measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). sjwang 2019-02-15T10:12:59Z PMID:23799078 serum PAI1 level serum Serpine1 level serum serpin family E member 1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003035 serum plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 level CMO:0003035 A measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). RGD:69014 The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of urine. lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. sjwang 2019-02-15T10:33:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003036 urine lipocalin 2 level CMO:0003036 The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of urine. lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. RGD:69453 The amount of osteopontin in a specified volume of urine.Osteopontin is a secreted multifunctional glycoprotein. Its putative functions include roles in bone metabolism, immune regulation, wound healing, cell survival, and tumor progression. sjwang 2019-02-15T10:52:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003037 urine osteopontin level CMO:0003037 The amount of hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1)in a specific volume of urine. HAVCR1is also called kidney injury molecule 1(KIM1)and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 1 (TIM-1). sjwang 2019-02-15T11:09:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003038 urine KIM-1/TIM-1/HAVCR level CMO:0003038 The amount of hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1)in a specific volume of urine. HAVCR1is also called kidney injury molecule 1(KIM1)and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 1 (TIM-1). RGD:1352552 The amount of beta-2 microglobulin (B2m) in a specified volume of blood. B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. sjwang 2019-02-15T11:20:03Z EFO:0005197 EFO:0020180 beta-2 microglobulin measurement beta-2-microglobulin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003039 blood beta-2 microglobulin CMO:0003039 The amount of beta-2 microglobulin (B2m) in a specified volume of blood. B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. RGD:735892 The amount of beta-2 microglobulin (B2m) in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. B2m is found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of most cells and has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. sjwang 2019-02-15T11:23:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003040 serum beta-2 microglobulin CMO:0003040 The amount of calbindin in a specified sample of blood. Calbindin is a member of the calcium-binding protein superfamily that includes calmodulin and troponin C. sjwang 2019-02-15T11:36:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003041 blood calbindin level CMO:0003041 The amount of calbindin in a specified sample of blood. Calbindin is a member of the calcium-binding protein superfamily that includes calmodulin and troponin C. RGD:732083 The amount of calbindin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Calbindin is a member of the calcium-binding protein superfamily that includes calmodulin and troponin C. sjwang 2019-02-15T11:39:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003042 serum calbindin level CMO:0003042 The amount of clusterin in a specific sample of blood. Clusterin is a secreted chaperone that can under some stress conditions also be found in the cell cytosol. It has been suggested to be involved in several basic biological events such as cell death, tumor progression, and neurodegenerative disorders. sjwang 2019-02-15T13:59:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003043 blood clusterin level CMO:0003043 The amount of clusterin in a specific sample of blood. Clusterin is a secreted chaperone that can under some stress conditions also be found in the cell cytosol. It has been suggested to be involved in several basic biological events such as cell death, tumor progression, and neurodegenerative disorders. RGD:68978 The amount of clusterin in a specific sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed.. Clusterin is a secreted chaperone that can under some stress conditions also be found in the cell cytosol. It has been suggested to be involved in several basic biological events such as cell death, tumor progression, and neurodegenerative disorders. sjwang 2019-02-15T14:01:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003044 serum clusterin level CMO:0003044 Measurement of the amount in blood of glutathione S-transferase-alpha (GST-a). GST-a is one of a family of enzymes that play an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. sjwang 2019-02-15T14:51:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003045 blood glutathione S-transferase-alpha level CMO:0003045 Measurement of the amount of glutathione S-transferase-alpha (GST-a)in a specific sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GST-a is one of a family of enzymes that play an important role in detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of many hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione. sjwang 2019-02-15T14:54:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003046 serum glutathione S-transferase-alpha level CMO:0003046 Measurement of the amount of glutathione S-transferase-mu (GST-u)in a specific sample of blood. GST-u functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:08:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003047 blood glutathione S-transferase-mu level CMO:0003047 Measurement of the amount of glutathione S-transferase-mu (GST-u)in a specific sample of blood. GST-u functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. RGD:736060 Measurement of the amount of glutathione S-transferase-mu (GST-u)in a specific sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GST-u functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:15:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003048 serum glutathione S-transferase-u level CMO:0003048 Measurement of the amount of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1)in a specific sample of blood. TIMP-1 belongs to the TIMP gene family. The proteins encoded by this gene family are natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:26:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003049 blood tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 level CMO:0003049 Measurement of the amount of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1)in a specific sample of blood. TIMP-1 belongs to the TIMP gene family. The proteins encoded by this gene family are natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. RGD:1347215 Measurement of the amount of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1)in a specific sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. TIMP-1 belongs to the TIMP gene family. The proteins encoded by this gene family are natural inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:28:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003050 serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 level CMO:0003050 Measurement of the amount of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in a specific sample of blood. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:39:14Z vascular endothelial growth factor A measurement vascular endothelial growth factor measurement EFO:0004762 EFO:0010804 blood VEGFA level blood VEGFA measurement blood vascular endothelial growth factor A measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003051 blood vascular endothelial growth factor A level CMO:0003051 Measurement of the amount of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in a specific sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:41:19Z serum VEGFA level serum VEGFA measurement serum vascular endothelial growth factor A measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003052 serum vascular endothelial growth factor A level CMO:0003052 This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of blood. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. sjwang 2019-02-15T15:53:15Z EFO:0004983 PMID:23799078 blood complement C3a des-Arg level clinical_measurement_ontology complement C3 measurement CMO:0003053 blood complement C3a des Arg level CMO:0003053 This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of blood. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. https://www.complementtech.com/catalog/product/anaphylatoxins/c3a-desarg/ This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. sjwang 2019-02-15T16:07:08Z PMID:23799078 serum Complement C3a des-Arg level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003054 serum Complement C3a des Arg level CMO:0003054 This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. https://www.complementtech.com/catalog/product/anaphylatoxins/c3a-desarg/ The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of blood. Lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. sjwang 2019-02-20T12:58:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003055 blood lipocalin 2 level CMO:0003055 The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of blood. Lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. RGD:69453 The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. sjwang 2019-02-20T13:13:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003056 serum lipocalin 2 level CMO:0003056 The amount of lipocalin 2 in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Lipocalin 2 belongs to the lipocalin family. Members of this family transport small hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, steroid hormones and retinoids. RGD:69453 The amount of osteopontin in a specified volume of blood. Osteopontin is a secreted multifunctional glycoprotein. Its putative functions include roles in bone metabolism, immune regulation, wound healing, cell survival, and tumor progression. sjwang 2019-02-20T13:27:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003057 blood osteopontin level CMO:0003057 The amount of osteopontin in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Osteopontin is a secreted multifunctional glycoprotein. Its putative functions include roles in bone metabolism, immune regulation, wound healing, cell survival, and tumor progression. sjwang 2019-02-20T13:32:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003058 serum osteopontin level CMO:0003058 The amount of hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1)in a specified volume of blood. HAVCR1is also called kidney injury molecule 1(KIM1)and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 1 (TIM-1). sjwang 2019-02-20T13:36:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003059 blood KIM-1/TIM-1/HAVCR1 CMO:0003059 The amount of hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1)in a specified volume of blood. HAVCR1is also called kidney injury molecule 1(KIM1)and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 1 (TIM-1). RGD:1352552 The amount of hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 (HAVCR1)in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. HAVCR1is also called kidney injury molecule 1(KIM1)and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin family member 1 (TIM-1). sjwang 2019-02-20T13:40:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003060 serum KIM-1/TIM-1/HAVCR1 CMO:0003060 sjwang 2019-02-26T13:36:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003061 lung protein/peptide composition measurement CMO:0003061 sjwang 2019-02-26T13:37:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003062 lung interleukin-4 level CMO:0003062 sjwang 2019-02-26T13:38:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003063 lung interleukin-6 level CMO:0003063 sjwang 2019-02-26T13:39:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003064 lung tumor necrosis factor level CMO:0003064 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-4 (IL4) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. sjwang 2019-03-15T15:30:25Z EFO:0008184 interleukin 4 measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003065 blood interleukin-4 level CMO:0003065 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-4 (IL4) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-03-15T15:36:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003066 serum interleukin-4 level CMO:0003066 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-9 (IL9) in blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. sjwang 2019-03-15T15:39:10Z EFO:0008192 interleukin 9 measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003067 blood interleukin-9 level CMO:0003067 Measurement of the amount of interleukin-9 (IL9) in serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-03-15T15:41:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003068 serum interleukin-9 level CMO:0003068 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. sjwang 2019-03-15T16:00:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003069 intestine measurement CMO:0003069 The quantification of any physiological parameter of one or more proteins or peptides (low molecular weight compounds composed of at least two amino acids joined by peptide linkages) in intestine. sjwang 2019-03-15T16:06:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003070 intestine protein/peptide measurement CMO:0003070 Any measurement related to an enzyme, a protein that acts as a catalyst, increasing the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs without itself being destroyed or altered upon completion of the reaction, in the intestine or in a sample of intestine tissue. sjwang 2019-03-15T16:09:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003071 intestine enzyme measurement CMO:0003071 Amount of trypsin enzyme activity measured in a specified sample of intestine. sjwang 2019-03-15T16:16:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003072 intestine trypsin level CMO:0003072 Measurement of the amount of AMG-8718, a BACE1 inhibitor, in a specified sample of blood. sjwang 2019-03-18T15:02:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003073 blood AMG-8718 level CMO:0003073 Measurement of the amount of AMG-8718, a BACE1 inhibitor, in a specified sample of blood. PMID:25363711 Measurement of the amount of AMG-8718, a BACE1 inhibitor, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. sjwang 2019-03-18T15:06:28Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003074 plasma AMG-8718 level CMO:0003074 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of AMG-8718, a BACE1 inhibitor, in a specified sample of plasma. sjwang 2019-03-18T15:12:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003075 calculated plasma AMG-8718 level CMO:0003075 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of AMG-8718 (BACE1 inhibitor) in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. sjwang 2019-03-18T15:16:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003076 plasma AMG-8718 level area under curve (AUC) CMO:0003076 The peak concentration that AMG-8718 achieves in a specified volume of blood after the drug has been administrated and before administration of a second dose. sjwang 2019-03-18T16:06:49Z blood AMG-8718 Cmax clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003077 blood AMG-8718 maximum concentration CMO:0003077 The peak concentration that AMG-8718 achieves in a specified volume of blood after the drug has been administrated and before administration of a second dose. Farlex:Farlex_Partner_Medical_Dictionary_2012 The peak concentration that AMG-8718 achieves in a specified volume of plasma after the drug has been administrated and before administration of a second dose. sjwang 2019-03-18T16:11:29Z plasma AMG-8718 Cmax clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003078 plasma AMG-8718 maximum concentration CMO:0003078 sjwang 2019-03-19T15:58:58Z EFO:0004731 eye measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003079 eye measurement CMO:0003079 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the eye, the organ of vision, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. sjwang 2019-03-19T16:01:25Z EFO:0007858 EFO:0009764 eye morphology measurement eye colour measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003080 eye morphological measurement CMO:0003080 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the eye, the organ of vision, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ sjwang 2019-03-19T16:03:47Z retinal layer morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003081 retina morphological measurement CMO:0003081 Measurement of the thickness of the full retina between the apical portion of the retinal pigment epithelium and the outer margin of the ganglion cell layer. sjwang 2019-03-19T16:08:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003082 full retina thickness CMO:0003082 Measurement of the thickness of the full retina between the apical portion of the retinal pigment epithelium and the outer margin of the ganglion cell layer. PMID:25361751 The outer retinal thickness is defined as straight lines between outer plexiform layer to the apical layer of the retinal pigment epithelium perpendicular to the retinal layer measured. The measurement usually is done by optical coherence tomography (OCT). sjwang 2019-03-19T16:11:22Z PMID:25361751 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003083 retinal outer layer thickness CMO:0003083 The outer retinal thickness is defined as straight lines between outer plexiform layer to the apical layer of the retinal pigment epithelium perpendicular to the retinal layer measured. The measurement usually is done by optical coherence tomography (OCT). PMID:25361751 The inner retinal thickness is defined as straight lines between outer plexiform layer to the vitreous perpendicular to the retinal layer measured. The measurement usually is done by optical coherence tomography (OCT). sjwang 2019-03-19T16:16:29Z PMID:25361751 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003084 retinal inner layer thickness CMO:0003084 The inner retinal thickness is defined as straight lines between outer plexiform layer to the vitreous perpendicular to the retinal layer measured. The measurement usually is done by optical coherence tomography (OCT). PMID:25361751 The number of photoreceptor nuclei in the retinal outer nuclear layer. sjwang 2019-03-19T16:32:04Z retinal ONL photoreceptor nucleus count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003085 retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count CMO:0003085 The measurement of the thickness of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones. sjwang 2019-03-19T16:40:31Z PMID:25361751 ONL thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003086 retinal outer nuclear layer thickness CMO:0003086 The measurement of the thickness of the retinal layer that contains the nuclei and cell bodies of rods and cones. PMID:31472235 UBERON:0001789 Any measurable or observable characteristic of actions or reactions related to how the body reacts to a stressor (a stimulus that causes stress), real or imagined. sjwang 2019-03-28T15:59:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003087 stress-related movement measurement CMO:0003087 Any measurable or observable characteristic of actions or reactions related to how the body reacts to a stressor (a stimulus that causes stress), real or imagined. VT:0010451 A measurement of the time subjects spend licking the abdomen during a period of time. sjwang 2019-03-28T16:04:15Z duration of abdomen licking duration of abdominal licking behaviour clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003088 duration of lower body licking events CMO:0003088 A measurement of the time subjects spend licking the abdomen during a period of time. PMID:11376906 PMID:24388923 Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject or organism performs a lower body licking event on itself during an experimental time period. A lower body licking event usually involves licking of the abdomen. sjwang 2019-03-28T16:07:45Z number of abdomen licking events clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003089 number of lower body licking events CMO:0003089 Measurement of the number of times an experimental subject or organism performs a lower body licking event on itself during an experimental time period. A lower body licking event usually involves licking of the abdomen. PMID:11376906 PMID:24388923 The number of abdominal retractions performed in a specified period by an experimental subject. An abdominal retraction is the contraction of the abdominal wall such that an `arched' posture is observed for a couple seconds. sjwang 2019-03-28T16:32:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003090 number of abdominal retractions CMO:0003090 The number of abdominal retractions performed in a specified period by an experimental subject. An abdominal retraction is the contraction of the abdominal wall such that an `arched' posture is observed for a couple seconds. PMID:11376906 Measurement of the amount in the forebrain of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. sjwang 2019-04-03T11:45:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003091 forebrain monoamine hormone measurement CMO:0003091 sjwang 2019-04-03T13:36:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003092 forebrain serotonin level CMO:0003092 sjwang 2019-04-03T13:39:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003093 forebrain catecholamine level CMO:0003093 sjwang 2019-04-03T13:40:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003094 forebrain dopamine level CMO:0003094 The measurement of norepinephrine level in the forebrain. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. It is also called noradrenaline. sjwang 2019-04-03T13:42:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003095 forebrain norepinephrine level CMO:0003095 The measurement of forebrain level of 5-HIAA, (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin. sjwang 2019-04-03T13:53:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003096 forebrain 5-HIAA level CMO:0003096 measurement of the level of HVA in the forebrain. HVA, homovanillic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-03T13:58:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003097 forebrain HVA level CMO:0003097 measurement of the level of DOPAC in the forebrain. DOPAC, the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-03T14:03:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003098 forebrain DOPAC level CMO:0003098 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. sjwang 2019-04-16T11:29:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003100 platelet morphological measurement CMO:0003100 Any measurement relating to the function of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. sjwang 2019-04-16T11:34:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003101 platelet physiological measurement CMO:0003101 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a red blood cell or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues, sjwang 2019-04-16T12:02:02Z erythrocyte morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003102 red blood cell morphological measurement CMO:0003102 Any measurement of the physical form or structure of a red blood cell or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues, ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement relating to the function of of red blood cells, one of the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues, or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. sjwang 2019-04-16T12:10:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003103 red blood cell physiological measurement CMO:0003103 The measurement of hypothalamus level of 5-HIAA, (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin. sjwang 2019-04-16T14:24:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003104 hypothalamus 5-HIAA level CMO:0003104 measurement of the level of DOPAC in the hypothalamus. DOPAC, the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-16T14:28:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003105 hypothalamus DOPAC level CMO:0003105 The measurement of dopamine in the hypothalamus. sjwang 2019-04-16T14:37:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003106 hypothalamus dopamine level CMO:0003106 The measurement of norepinephrine in the hypothalamus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. It is also called noradrenaline. sjwang 2019-04-16T14:49:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003107 hypothalamus norepinephrine level CMO:0003107 Measurement of the amount in the midbrain/pons of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. sjwang 2019-04-22T13:59:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003108 midbrain/pons monoamine hormone measurement CMO:0003108 sjwang 2019-04-22T14:07:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003109 midbrain/pons catecholamine level CMO:0003109 sjwang 2019-04-22T14:08:45Z midbrain/pons 5-HT level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003110 midbrain/pons serotonin level CMO:0003110 The measurement of midbrain/pons level of 5-HIAA, (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:14:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003111 midbrain/pons 5-HIAA level CMO:0003111 The measurement of norepinephrine level in the midbrain/pons. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. It is also called noradrenaline sjwang 2019-04-22T14:22:25Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003112 midbrain/pons norepinephrine level CMO:0003112 measurement of the level of HVA in the midbrain/pons. HVA, homovanillic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:25:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003113 midbrain/pons HVA level CMO:0003113 The measurement of dopamine in the midbrain/pons. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:28:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003114 midbrain/pons dopamine level CMO:0003114 measurement of the level of DOPAC in the midbrain/pons. DOPAC, the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:31:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003115 midbrain/pons DOPAC level CMO:0003115 Measurement of the amount in the medulla oblongata of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:42:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003116 medulla oblongata monoamine hormone measurement CMO:0003116 sjwang 2019-04-22T14:47:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003117 medulla oblongata catecholamine level CMO:0003117 sjwang 2019-04-22T14:49:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003118 medulla oblongata serotonin level CMO:0003118 The measurement of medulla oblongata level of 5-HIAA, (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid, the major metabolite of serotonin. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:52:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003119 medulla oblongata 5-HIAA level CMO:0003119 measurement of the level of DOPAC in the medulla oblongata. DOPAC, the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-22T14:56:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003120 medulla oblongata DOPAC level CMO:0003120 sjwang 2019-04-22T14:58:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003121 medulla oblongata dopamine level CMO:0003121 measurement of the level of HVA in themedulla oblongata. HVA, homovanillic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-22T15:01:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003122 medulla oblongata HVA level CMO:0003122 The measurement of norepinephrine level in the medulla oblongata. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. It is also called noradrenaline. sjwang 2019-04-22T15:03:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003123 medulla oblongata norepinephrine level CMO:0003123 Measurement of the amount in the cervical spinal cord of an amine compound containing one amino group and derived from an aromatic amino acid, that is produced in one part or organ of the body and initiates or regulates the activity of an organ or a group of cells in another part of the body. sjwang 2019-04-22T15:13:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003124 cervical spinal cord monoamine hormone measurement CMO:0003124 sjwang 2019-04-22T15:22:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003125 cervical spinal cord serotonin level CMO:0003125 sjwang 2019-04-22T15:23:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003126 cervical spinal cord catecholamine level CMO:0003126 sjwang 2019-04-22T15:25:46Z 5-HIAA measurement EFO:0005132 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003127 cervical spinal cord 5-HIAA level CMO:0003127 measurement of the level of DOPAC in the cervical spine. DOPAC, the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-04-22T15:29:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003128 cervical spinal cord DOPAC level CMO:0003128 sjwang 2019-04-22T15:30:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003129 cervical spinal cord dopamine level CMO:0003129 The measurement of norepinephrine level in the cervical spinal cord . Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system. It is also called noradrenaline. sjwang 2019-04-22T15:32:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003130 cervical spinal cord norepinephrine level CMO:0003130 Measurement of the amount of any xenobiotic or metabolic kinetics in a specified sample of blood. A xenobiotic is a chemical compound foreign to a given biologic system, or more specifically, a pharmacologically, endocrinologically, or toxicologically active substance not endogenously produced and therefore foreign to an organism. sjwang 2019-04-23T14:03:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003131 blood xenobiotic measurement CMO:0003131 sjwang 2019-04-23T14:07:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003132 blood xenobiotic metabolism measurement CMO:0003132 The time it takes for the body to eliminate or breakdown half of a dose of this potent vasodilator agent, in practice the time taken for plasma concentration of nifedipine to be reduced by 50%. sjwang 2019-04-23T14:15:01Z plasma half-life of nifedipine clinical_measurement_ontology elimination half-time t1/2 CMO:0003133 elimination half-life of nifedipine in the plasma CMO:0003133 The time it takes for the body to eliminate or breakdown half of a dose of this potent vasodilator agent, in practice the time taken for plasma concentration of nifedipine to be reduced by 50%. ISBN-13:9780781733908 MESH:D009543 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ sjwang 2019-04-23T14:23:49Z C0 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003134 initial nifedipine concentration in the plasma true CMO:0003134 sjwang 2019-04-23T14:30:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003135 blood nifedipine level CMO:0003135 This is a measure of the content of this potent vasodilator agent in blood plasma. sjwang 2019-04-23T14:32:15Z CMO:0003134 CHEBI:7565 initial nifedipine concentration in the plasma clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003136 plasma nifedipine level CMO:0003136 This is a measure of the content of this potent vasodilator agent in blood plasma. MESH:D009543 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ sjwang 2019-04-23T14:40:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology plasma nifedipine AUC 2hr CMO:0003137 the first 120min of plasma nifedipine level area under curve true CMO:0003137 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of nifedipine in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. sjwang 2019-04-23T14:44:41Z CMO:0003137 clinical_measurement_ontology plasma nifedipine AUC CMO:0003138 plasma nifedipine level area under curve CMO:0003138 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of nifedipine in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. MESH:D009543 https://revisionmaths.com/advanced-level-maths-revision/pure-maths/calculus/area-under-curve The mean residence time is the average time a dose of nifedipine remains in the blood. sjwang 2019-04-23T14:53:39Z blood nifedipine MRT blood nifedipine mean residence time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003139 nifedipine mean residence time CMO:0003139 The measurement of the rate at which nifedipine is eliminated from blood plasma. sjwang 2019-04-23T15:00:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003140 plasma nifedipine clearance CMO:0003140 The measurement of the rate at which nifedipine is eliminated from blood plasma. ISBN-13:9780781733908 In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (VD, also known as apparent volume of distribution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of an administered drug at the same concentration that it is observed in the blood plasma. It is defined as the distribution of a medication between plasma and the rest of the body after oral or parenteral dosing. sjwang 2019-04-23T15:06:12Z apparent volume of distribution clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003141 volume of distribution of nifedipine in the blood CMO:0003141 In pharmacology, the volume of distribution (VD, also known as apparent volume of distribution) is the theoretical volume that would be necessary to contain the total amount of an administered drug at the same concentration that it is observed in the blood plasma. It is defined as the distribution of a medication between plasma and the rest of the body after oral or parenteral dosing. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume_of_distribution sjwang 2019-04-26T14:25:07Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003142 serum anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody level CMO:0003142 sjwang 2019-04-26T14:26:31Z anti-Epstein Barr virus antibody measurement EFO:0009273 EFO:0010908 clinical_measurement_ontology Epstein-Barr virus seropositivity CMO:0003143 serum anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody level CMO:0003143 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one or both lungs is divided by the length of tibia, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to tibia length. sjwang 2019-04-29T13:32:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003144 lung weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003144 A calculated measurement in which the weight of one kidney is divided by the length of tibia, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to tibia length. sjwang 2019-04-29T13:35:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003145 single kidney weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003145 The amount of stored mucosubstance in the epithelium of nasal septum quantified by the area of AB-PAS (alcian blue periodic acid Schiff) positive tissue per unit width of basement membrane. sjwang 2019-04-29T14:20:14Z nasal septum intracellular mucus/basement membrane clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003146 nasal septum epithelium intracellular mucus area to basement membrane width ratio CMO:0003146 The amount of stored mucosubstance in the epithelium of nasal septum quantified by the area of AB-PAS (alcian blue periodic acid Schiff) positive tissue per unit width of basement membrane. PMID:24608905 sjwang 2019-04-29T14:28:43Z EFO:0007843 nose morphology measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003147 nose measurement CMO:0003147 measurement related to the shape, structure, color, or pattern of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. sjwang 2019-04-29T14:43:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003148 trachea morphological measurement CMO:0003148 the measurement of the the enclosing boundary of the trachea lined by the apical surface of epithelium sjwang 2019-04-29T14:51:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003149 trachea lumen circumference CMO:0003149 the measurement of the the enclosing boundary of the trachea lined by the apical surface of epithelium PMID:24608905 The measurement of total cartilage area in the tracheal ring. sjwang 2019-04-29T15:10:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003150 trachea cartilage area CMO:0003150 The measurement of total cartilage area in the tracheal ring. PMID:24608905 sjwang 2019-04-29T15:18:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003151 trachea cartilage area to trachea lumen circumference ratio CMO:0003151 Measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of any measurement related to the shape, structure, color, or pattern of the tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi. sjwang 2019-04-29T15:24:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003152 calculated trachea morphological measurement CMO:0003152 Maximal cartilage thickness was is determined by measuring the perpendicular distance between outer boundaries of cartilage rings. sjwang 2019-04-29T15:31:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003153 maximum trachea cartilage thickness CMO:0003153 Maximal cartilage thickness was is determined by measuring the perpendicular distance between outer boundaries of cartilage rings. PMID:24608905 measurement of the distance between the basement membrane (on the serosal surface) and the apical membrane lumenally sjwang 2019-04-29T15:51:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003154 trachea epithelial layer thickness CMO:0003154 measurement of the distance between the basement membrane (on the serosal surface) and the apical membrane lumenally PMID:24608905 Submucosal gland area determined by measuring the total area of both serous and mucus components of the gland structures via histology sjwang 2019-04-29T15:58:14Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003155 trachea submucosal gland area CMO:0003155 Submucosal gland area determined by measuring the total area of both serous and mucus components of the gland structures via histology PMID:24608905 sjwang 2019-04-29T16:00:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003156 trachea submucosal gland area to trachea lumenal circumference ratio CMO:0003156 This is determined by histological measurement of the intracellular mucus area in the submucosal gland of the trachea. sjwang 2019-04-29T16:11:39Z PMID:24608905 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003157 trachea submucosal gland intracellular mucus area CMO:0003157 This is determined by histological measurement of the intracellular mucus area in the submucosal gland of the trachea. PMID:24608905 A calculated value in which the cross sectional area of the submucosal gland taken up by mucus is divided by the total cross-sectional area of the submucosal gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to trachea submucosal gland area. sjwang 2019-04-29T16:20:36Z percent of intracellular mucus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003158 trachea submucosal gland intracellular mucus area to total trachea submucosal gland area ratio CMO:0003158 A calculated value in which the cross sectional area of the submucosal gland taken up by mucus is divided by the total cross-sectional area of the submucosal gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to trachea submucosal gland area. PMID:24608905 sjwang 2019-05-03T16:26:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003159 blood nifedipine metabolism measurement CMO:0003159 The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the blood. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. sjwang 2019-05-06T10:30:17Z EFO:0004458 C-reactive protein measurement blood CRP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003160 blood C-reactive protein level CMO:0003160 The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the blood. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the serum, the clear liquid that is separated from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. sjwang 2019-05-06T10:38:00Z serum CRP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003161 serum C-reactive protein level CMO:0003161 The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the serum, the clear liquid that is separated from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. sjwang 2019-05-06T10:42:45Z plasma CRP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003162 plasma C-reactive protein level CMO:0003162 The proportion, quantity, or volume of C-reactive protein (CRP) found in the plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. CRP is an acute phase reactant protein used to indicate inflammatory illness. It is believed to be of value in predicting coronary events. Mosby:Mosbys_Manual_of_Diagnostic_and_Laboratory_Tests--4th_Ed The number of CD3-positive T cells in the kidney. sjwang 2019-05-08T15:54:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003163 kidney total CD3 positive T cell count CMO:0003163 Any quantitation of the cells and/or cell types which constitute the make-up of the kidney sjwang 2019-05-08T16:01:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003164 kidney cellular composition measurement CMO:0003164 sjwang 2019-05-08T16:14:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003165 kidney total CD45 positive leukocyte count CMO:0003165 Measurement of the relative abundance of regulatory T cells whose function is control or suppression of the T cell mediated immune response. Regulatory T cells are generally distinguished from other classes of lymphocytes on the basis of the presence and/or absence of a number of specific cell surface marker proteins. sjwang 2019-05-09T11:28:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003166 blood regulatory T cell count to total T cell count ratio CMO:0003166 Measurement of the relative abundance of regulatory T cells in the spleen. Regulatory T cells control or suppress T cell mediated immune response. Regulatory T cells are generally distinguished from other classes of lymphocytes on the basis of the presence and/or absence of a number of specific cell surface marker proteins. sjwang 2019-05-09T11:39:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003167 spleen regulatory T cell count to total T cell count ratio CMO:0003167 A measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the brain infarction volume. A brain infarction is an area of necrotic tissue in the brain resulting from a reduction or obstruction of the oxygen or blood supply to the brain. sjwang 2019-05-22T11:34:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003168 calculated brain infarction volume CMO:0003168 A calculated value in which the volume of cerebrum infarction is divided by the total volume of the cerebrum, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the brain. sjwang 2019-05-22T11:44:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003169 cerebrum infarct volume to total cerebrum volume ratio CMO:0003169 A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is trapped in brain. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. sjwang 2019-05-22T15:07:20Z Kin, brain influx rate constant, brain PMID:24985475 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003170 verapamil apparent influx permeability clearance in brain CMO:0003170 A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is trapped in brain. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/pages/message.jsf sjwang 2019-05-22T15:12:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003171 blood verapamil metabolism measurement CMO:0003171 A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is being trapped in the retina. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. sjwang 2019-05-22T15:18:50Z Kin, retina influx rate constant, retina PMID:24985475 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003172 verapamil apparent influx permeability clearance in retina CMO:0003172 A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is being trapped in the retina. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is trapped in aqueous humor. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. sjwang 2019-05-22T15:23:45Z Kin, aqueous humor influx rate constant, aqueous humor PMID:24985475 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003173 verapamil apparent influx permeability clearance in aqueous humor CMO:0003173 A fractional rate by which tracer leaves plasma and is trapped in aqueous humor. Commonly it is obtained from the slope of a Patlak plot, where it is the increase in tissue activity concentration normalized by plasma activity concentration that occurs in a unit of time. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/pages/message.jsf The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the brain sjwang 2019-05-22T15:46:03Z Steady State Volume of Distribution clinical_measurement_ontology Vt CMO:0003174 verapamil equilibrated distribution volume in brain CMO:0003174 The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the brain https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&version=19.04f&ns=ncit&code=C85538&key=1864625640&b=1&n=null The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the retina. sjwang 2019-05-22T15:50:17Z Steady State Volume of Distribution clinical_measurement_ontology Vt CMO:0003175 verapamil equilibrated distribution volume in retina CMO:0003175 The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the retina. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&version=19.04f&ns=ncit&code=C85538&key=1864625640&b=1&n=null The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the aqueous humor. sjwang 2019-05-22T15:52:42Z Steady State Volume of Distribution clinical_measurement_ontology Vt CMO:0003176 verapamil equilibrated distribution volume in aqueous humor CMO:0003176 The apparent volume occupied by an exogenous compound during the time point when the plasma concentration of the compound reaches steady state levels in the aqueous humor. https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&version=19.04f&ns=ncit&code=C85538&key=1864625640&b=1&n=null This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in brain is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:10:22Z PMID:24985475 BUI of verapamil clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003177 brain uptake index of verapamil CMO:0003177 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in brain is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in retina is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:13:27Z PMID:24985475 RUI of verapamil clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003178 retinal uptake index of verapamil CMO:0003178 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in retina is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:15:42Z PMID:24985475 AHUI of verapamil clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003179 aqueous humor uptake index of verapamil CMO:0003179 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of verapamil in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of verapamil injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of verapamil. It represents the relative uptake of verapamil by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 sjwang 2019-05-22T16:26:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003180 blood digoxin metabolism measurement CMO:0003180 sjwang 2019-05-22T16:28:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003181 blood quinidine metabolism measurement CMO:0003181 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:30:55Z PMID:24985475 AHUI of digoxin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003182 aqueous humor uptake index of digoxin CMO:0003182 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in brain is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:32:46Z PMID:24985475 BUI of digoxin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003183 brain uptake index of digoxin CMO:0003183 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in brain is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in retina is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:34:06Z PMID:24985475 RUI of digoxin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003184 retinal uptake index of digoxin CMO:0003184 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of digoxin in retina is divided by the amount of digoxin injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of digoxin. It represents the relative uptake of digoxin by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:35:38Z PMID:24985475 AHUI of quinidine clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003185 aqueous humor uptake index of quinidine CMO:0003185 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in aqueous humor is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the aqueous humor after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in brain is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:36:38Z PMID:24985475 BUI of quinidine clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003186 brain uptake index of quinidine CMO:0003186 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in brain is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the brain after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in retina is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. sjwang 2019-05-22T16:37:55Z PMID:24985475 RUI of quinidine clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003187 retinal uptake index of quinidine CMO:0003187 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of quinidine in retina is divided by the amount of quinidine injected intravenously and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to a base level of quinidine. It represents the relative uptake of quinidine by the retina after a dose delivered via the circulatory system. PMID:21638281 PMID:7315440 A calculated value in which the weight of the heart right ventricle is divided by the length of the tibia (the medial and larger of the two bones of the lower leg of bipeds or hindlimb of quadrupeds which articulates with the femur, fibula, and talus), and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage,thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the size of the body. sjwang 2019-06-21T16:34:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003188 heart right ventricle weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003188 A calculated measurement in which the count of fully muscularized arterioles in a sample of lung is divided by the count of all arterioles in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the total number of arterioles. sjwang 2019-06-25T12:44:32Z lung vascular muscularization PMID:21730301 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003189 fully muscularized arterioles to total arterioles ratio CMO:0003189 A calculated measurement in which the count of non-muscularized arterioles in a sample of lung is divided by the count of all arterioles in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the total number of arterioles. sjwang 2019-06-25T12:46:20Z PMID:21730301 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003190 non-muscularized arterioles to total arterioles ratio CMO:0003190 sjwang 2019-06-25T12:49:11Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003191 heart right atrium weight to left atrium weight ratio CMO:0003191 sjwang 2019-06-25T12:51:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003192 heart right atrium weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003192 sjwang 2019-06-25T12:55:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003193 heart left atrium weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003193 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a skeletal muscle. sjwang 2019-07-17T09:16:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003194 skeletal muscle molecular composition measurement CMO:0003194 Measurement of the amount of triglycerides within skeletal muscle sjwang 2019-07-17T09:22:20Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003195 skeletal muscle triglyceride level CMO:0003195 sjwang 2019-07-17T09:54:00Z blood ox-LDL level blood oxidized low-density lipoprotein level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003196 blood oxidized LDL level CMO:0003196 sjwang 2019-07-17T09:56:11Z serum ox-LDL level serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003197 serum oxidized LDL level CMO:0003197 Reactive oxygen metabolites are hydroperoxides measured as derivatives in a DROM spectrophotometric test. sjwang 2019-07-17T09:57:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003198 blood reactive oxygen metabolite level CMO:0003198 Reactive oxygen metabolites are hydroperoxides measured as derivatives in a DROM spectrophotometric test. PMID:25630910 Reactive oxygen metabolites are hydroperoxides measured as derivatives in a DROM spectrophotometric test. sjwang 2019-07-17T10:00:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003199 serum reactive oxygen metabolite level CMO:0003199 Reactive oxygen metabolites are hydroperoxides measured as derivatives in a DROM spectrophotometric test. PMID:25630910 Left ventricle end-diastolic wall stress (LVED-WS) is a calculated measurement of the force acting against the left ventricle wall at the end of diastole, that is when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. It is calculated by multiplying ventricular pressure by ventricular radius and dividing by 2 times the wall thickness. It is commonly referred to as the Law of Laplace. sjwang 2019-07-22T15:26:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology LVED-WS CMO:0003200 left ventricle end-diastolic wall stress CMO:0003200 Left ventricle end-diastolic wall stress (LVED-WS) is a calculated measurement of the force acting against the left ventricle wall at the end of diastole, that is when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. It is calculated by multiplying ventricular pressure by ventricular radius and dividing by 2 times the wall thickness. It is commonly referred to as the Law of Laplace. PMID:2198115 Left ventricle end-systolic wall stress (LVES-WS)is calculated measurement of the force acting against the left ventricle wall at the endo of end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). It is calculated by multiplying ventricular pressure by ventricular radius and dividing by 2 times the wall thickness. Commonly referred to as Law of Laplace (PMID: 2198115) sjwang 2019-07-22T15:33:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology LVES-WS CMO:0003201 left ventricle end-systolic wall stress CMO:0003201 Left ventricle end-systolic wall stress (LVES-WS)is calculated measurement of the force acting against the left ventricle wall at the endo of end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). It is calculated by multiplying ventricular pressure by ventricular radius and dividing by 2 times the wall thickness. Commonly referred to as Law of Laplace (PMID: 2198115) PMID:2198115 Angiotensin II collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall. sjwang 2019-07-22T15:48:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003202 Myocardial interstitial angiotensin II level true CMO:0003202 Angiotensin II collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall. PMID:22768235 Bradykinin found in the intercellular spaces of the myocardium. sjwang 2019-07-22T15:57:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003203 myocardial interstitial bradykinin level true CMO:0003203 Bradykinin found in the intercellular spaces of the myocardium. PMID:22768235 Norepinephrine collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall - PMID: 22768235 sjwang 2019-07-22T15:59:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003204 Myocardial interstitial norepinephrine true CMO:0003204 Norepinephrine collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall - PMID: 22768235 PMID:22768235 Epinephrine collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall - PMID: 22768235 sjwang 2019-07-22T16:01:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003205 Myocardial interstitial epinephrine true CMO:0003205 Epinephrine collected by microdialysis probe with semipermeable membrane fiber at a depth of 4 mm within the LV myocardium free wall - PMID: 22768235 PMID:22768235 The amount of bradykinin in a specified sample of blood. Bradykinin is a linear nonapeptide messenger belonging to the kinin group of proteins, with amino acid sequence RPPGFSPFR. Enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood, it is a powerful vasodilator that causes smooth muscle contraction, and may mediate inflammation. sjwang 2019-07-22T16:14:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:3165 CMO:0003206 blood bradykinin level CMO:0003206 The amount of bradykinin in a specified sample of plasma. A linear nonapeptide messenger belonging to the kinin group of proteins, with amino acid sequence RPPGFSPFR. Enzymatically produced from kallidin in the blood, it is a powerful vasodilator that causes smooth muscle contraction, and may mediate inflammation. sjwang 2019-07-22T16:17:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:3165 CMO:0003207 plasma bradykinin level CMO:0003207 The rate constant associated with glucose disappearance from a loaded system. sjwang 2019-07-24T13:54:54Z clinical_measurement_ontology Kitt rate constant for glucose utilization CMO:0003208 glucose disappearance constant CMO:0003208 The rate constant associated with glucose disappearance from a loaded system. PMID:13367210 A calculated value which compares the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, with the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, and presents it as a ratio. sjwang 2019-07-24T14:40:19Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003209 heart left ventricle weight to right ventricle weight ratio true CMO:0003209 A calculated value which compares the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, with the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, and presents it as a ratio. https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00421 A calculated value which compares the weight of the left ventricle, the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, with the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, and presents it as a ratio. sjwang 2019-07-24T14:40:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003210 heart left ventricle weight to right ventricle weight ratio CMO:0003210 Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-Beta) is a method for assessing &#946;-cell function from basal (fasting) glucose and insulin or C-peptide concentrations. The empirical formulae: HOMA-Beta = 20 x fasting insulin (uU/mL) /[fasting glycemia (mmol=L)- 3.5] sjwang 2019-07-24T15:13:53Z EFO:0004469 HOMA-b clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003211 Homeostatic Model Assessment of Beta cell function CMO:0003211 Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-Beta) is a method for assessing &#946;-cell function from basal (fasting) glucose and insulin or C-peptide concentrations. The empirical formulae: HOMA-Beta = 20 x fasting insulin (uU/mL) /[fasting glycemia (mmol=L)- 3.5] PMID:24182515 A measurement of the amount of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, the angiotensin receptor exhibiting vasopressor effects, regulation of aldosterone secretion and blood pressure and volume control, in a specified sample of adrenal tissue expressed relative to the weight of total protein in that sample. sjwang 2019-07-24T15:43:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003212 adrenal angiotensin II type 1 receptor density CMO:0003212 A measurement of the amount of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, the angiotensin receptor exhibiting vasopressor effects, regulation of aldosterone secretion and blood pressure and volume control, in a specified sample of adrenal tissue expressed relative to the weight of total protein in that sample. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_type_1 The amount of urotensin II in a specified volume of blood. sjwang 2019-07-24T15:57:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003213 blood urotensin II level CMO:0003213 The amount of urotensin II in a specified volume of plasma. sjwang 2019-07-24T16:00:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003214 plasma urotensin II level CMO:0003214 A calculated measurement in which the amount of LDL, relatively large-particle lipoproteins that transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissue,in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of HDL, small-particle lipoproteins that promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2019-07-25T13:26:32Z LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio EFO:0007930 clinical_measurement_ontology serum LDL to HDL ratio serum LDL-C to HDL-C ratio CMO:0003215 serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio CMO:0003215 A calculated measurement in which the amount of LDL, relatively large-particle lipoproteins that transport cholesterol to extrahepatic tissue,in a specified volume of serum is divided by the amount of HDL, small-particle lipoproteins that promote transport of cholesterol from extrahepatic tissue to the liver for excretion in the bile, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the aorta is divided by the total body weight of the organism. sjwang 2019-07-25T13:38:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003216 aorta weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003216 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified sample of urine or the amount of albumin excreted into the urine in a specified period of time is divided by the amount of total protein in that sample of urine or the amount of total protein excreted into the urine in that period of time, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2019-07-25T13:47:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003217 urine albumin level to urine total protein level ratio CMO:0003217 sjwang 2019-07-25T14:00:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003218 renal vascular resistance to kidney weight ratio CMO:0003218 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter. sjwang 2019-07-25T14:06:48Z Calculated heart left ventricle end-diastolic dimension clinical_measurement_ontology Calculated heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension CMO:0003219 calculated heart left ventricle end-diastolic diameter CMO:0003219 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension is the diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. sjwang 2019-07-25T14:12:41Z LV internal dimension index diastole LVIDId heart left ventricle end-diastolic dimension to body weight ratio heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension index clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003220 heart left ventricle end-diastolic diameter to body weight ratio CMO:0003220 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension is the diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. PMID:24205240 A calculated measurement in which the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD3 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood is divided by the total number of lymphocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD3 (cluster of differentiation 3) T cell co-receptor helps to activate both the cytotoxic T cell (CD8+ naive T cells) and also T helper cells (CD4+ naive T cells). It consists of a protein complex and is composed of four distinct chains. sjwang 2019-07-30T15:18:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003221 blood CD3 lymphocyte count to total lymphocyte count ratio CMO:0003221 The amount of interferon gamma (Ifng) expressed (i.e. mRNA or protein) from one or more mononuclear cells. Ifng is a member of the type II interferon family which is a soluble cytokine with antiviral, immunoregulatory and anti-tumor properties and functions as a potent activator of macrophages. sjwang 2019-07-30T15:40:30Z interferon gamma measurement EFO:0008165 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003222 mononuclear cell interferon gamma expression CMO:0003222 sjwang 2019-07-30T15:44:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003223 percentage of CD4 positive cells expressing interferon gamma CMO:0003223 sjwang 2019-07-30T15:45:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003224 percentage of CD8 positive cells expressing interferon gamma CMO:0003224 sjwang 2019-07-30T15:51:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003225 osteoclast surface area to total bone area ratio CMO:0003225 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of calcium in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-08-01T11:08:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003226 calculated serum calcium level CMO:0003226 sjwang 2019-08-01T11:24:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003227 serum calcium to serum phosphate ratio CMO:0003227 Pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a P-O-P linkage. sjwang 2019-08-01T11:37:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:18361 CMO:0003228 serum pyrophosphate level CMO:0003228 Pyrophosphates are phosphorus oxyanions that contain two phosphorus atoms in a P-O-P linkage. sjwang 2019-08-01T11:40:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CHEBI:18361 CMO:0003229 blood pyrophosphate level CMO:0003229 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of phosphate in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. sjwang 2019-08-01T11:46:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003230 calculated serum phosphate level CMO:0003230 sjwang 2019-08-01T11:48:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003231 serum phosphate level to serum pyrophosphate ratio CMO:0003231 Red blood cell distribution width- standard deviation (RDW-SD) is a measurement derived from the red blood cell distribution curves generated on automated hematology analyzers and is an indicator of variation in RBC size within a blood sample. The RDW is used along with the indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) to describe a population of RBCs. The RDW measures the deviation of the RBC width, not the actual width or size of individual cells. The RDW-SD is an actual measurement of the width of the red cell distribution curve in femtoliters (fL). The width of the distribution curve is measured at the point that is 20% above the baseline. Since the RDW-SD is an actual measurement, it is not influenced by the MCV and more accurately reflects the red cell size variance. sjwang 2019-08-01T15:34:18Z Red cell distribution width red blood cell distribution width EFO:0005192 EFO:0009188 RDW-SD clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003232 red blood cell distribution width- standard deviation CMO:0003232 Red blood cell distribution width- standard deviation (RDW-SD) is a measurement derived from the red blood cell distribution curves generated on automated hematology analyzers and is an indicator of variation in RBC size within a blood sample. The RDW is used along with the indices (MCV, MCH, MCHC) to describe a population of RBCs. The RDW measures the deviation of the RBC width, not the actual width or size of individual cells. The RDW-SD is an actual measurement of the width of the red cell distribution curve in femtoliters (fL). The width of the distribution curve is measured at the point that is 20% above the baseline. Since the RDW-SD is an actual measurement, it is not influenced by the MCV and more accurately reflects the red cell size variance. https://www.labce.com/spg579122_red_blood_cell_distribution_width_rdw_definition_a.aspx Platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) is defined as the ratio of platelets that exceed the normal value of platelet volume (e.g. 12 fL in human) to the total platelet count. sjwang 2019-08-01T15:57:35Z EFO:0009186 PMID:27556703 P-LCR platelet larger cell ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003233 platelet-large cell ratio CMO:0003233 Platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR) is defined as the ratio of platelets that exceed the normal value of platelet volume (e.g. 12 fL in human) to the total platelet count. https://healthmatters.io/understand-blood-test-results/platelet-large-cell-ratio-p-lcr A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the number of platelet in a specified sample of blood. sjwang 2019-08-01T16:03:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003234 calculated platelet count CMO:0003234 The measurement of serotonin in the hypothalamus. sjwang 2019-08-01T16:12:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003235 hypothalamus serotonin level CMO:0003235 measurement of the level of HVA in the hypothalamus. HVA, homovanillic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-08-01T16:15:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003236 hypothalamus HVA level CMO:0003236 Measurement of the amount in the cervical spinal cord the level of HVA , homovanillic acid, is a catecholamine metabolite. sjwang 2019-08-01T16:22:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003237 cervical spinal cord HVA level CMO:0003237 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:00:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003238 heart left ventricle infarction volume CMO:0003238 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:22:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003239 heart left ventricle infarction volume to total heart left ventricle volume ratio CMO:0003239 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:24:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003240 calculated heart left ventricle infarction volume CMO:0003240 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:43:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003241 calculated heart infarction volume CMO:0003241 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:49:30Z Not4Curation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003242 calculated heart infarction area CMO:0003242 sjwang 2019-08-19T13:51:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003243 heart left ventricle infarction area to total heart left ventricle area ratio CMO:0003243 A calculated measurement in which the area of the heart left ventricle occupied by interstitial collagen is divided by the total area of the heart left ventricle, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. sjwang 2019-10-03T15:44:41Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003244 ratio of the area occupied by interstitial collagen to the total area of the heart left ventricle CMO:0003244 sjwang 2019-10-03T15:47:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003245 heart left ventricle angiotensin II level CMO:0003245 Angiotensin II collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium. sjwang 2019-10-03T15:49:43Z CMO:0003202 heart left ventricle myocardium interstitial angiotensin II level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003246 heart left ventricle interstitial angiotensin II level CMO:0003246 sjwang 2019-10-03T15:52:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003247 heart left ventricle bradykinin level CMO:0003247 The amount of bradykinin found in the intercellular spaces of the myocardium. sjwang 2019-10-03T15:53:55Z CMO:0003203 heart left ventricle myocardial interstitial bradykinin level myocardial interstitial bradykinin level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003248 heart left ventricle interstitial bradykinin level CMO:0003248 Epinephrine collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium. sjwang 2019-10-03T16:10:29Z CMO:0003205 heart left ventricle interstitial adrenaline level heart left ventricle myocardium interstitial epinephrine level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003249 heart left ventricle interstitial epinephrine level CMO:0003249 Norepinephrine collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium. sjwang 2019-10-03T16:12:58Z CMO:0003204 heart left ventricle interstitial noradrenaline level heart left ventricle myocardium interstitial norepinephrine level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003250 heart left ventricle interstitial norepinephrine level CMO:0003250 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of a skeletal muscle. sjwang 2019-10-17T16:09:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003251 skeletal muscle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003251 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of gastrocnemius, the most superficial muscle of the triceps surae group, in the posterior portion of the lower hindleg. sjwang 2019-10-17T16:13:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003252 gastrocnemius ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003252 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which ovary tissue is formed or composed. sjwang 2019-10-17T16:16:27Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003253 ovary ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003253 Any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which colon tissue is formed or composed. sjwang 2019-10-17T16:18:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003254 colon ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003254 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:00:23Z skin RNA composition measurement skin RNA level skin ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003255 skin ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003255 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:04:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003256 appendix ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003256 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:08:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003257 urinary bladder ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003257 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:11:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003258 tonsil ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003258 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:15:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003259 thyroid gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003259 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:21:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003260 smooth muscle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003260 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:25:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003261 stomach ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003261 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:32:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003262 small intestine ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003262 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:36:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003263 salivary gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003263 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:39:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003264 rectum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003264 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:42:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003265 placenta ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003265 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:46:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003266 pancreas ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003266 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:48:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003267 gall bladder ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003267 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:51:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003268 oviduct ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003268 sjwang 2019-11-19T12:54:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003269 esophagus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003269 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:02:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003270 cerebrum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003270 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:13:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003271 bone marrow ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003271 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:16:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003272 prostate gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003272 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:19:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003273 lymph node ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003273 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:23:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003274 white blood cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003274 sjwang 2019-11-19T13:29:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003275 mammary organ ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003275 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in adipose tissue, the portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue. sjwang 2019-11-19T13:33:15Z RNA level of fat tissue adipose tissue RNA level adipose tissue ribonucleic acid composition measurement fat tissue RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003276 adipose tissue ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003276 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in adipose tissue, the portion of connective tissue composed of adipocytes enmeshed in areolar tissue. UBERON:0001013 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of blood. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. slaulede 2019-12-05T16:33:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003277 blood sorbital dehydrogenase level CMO:0003277 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of blood. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitol_dehydrogenase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. slaulede 2019-12-05T16:42:57Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003278 plasma sorbital dehydrogenase activity CMO:0003278 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitol_dehydrogenase Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose slaulede 2019-12-05T16:47:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003279 serum sorbital dehydrogenase activity CMO:0003279 Quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by Sorbitol dehydrogenase in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Sorbitol dehydrogenase is an enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism converting sorbitol, the sugar alcohol form of glucose, into fructose https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorbitol_dehydrogenase A calculated value which compares the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, with the weight of the left ventricle (including the ventricular septum), the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, and presents it as a ratio. slaulede 2019-12-09T15:21:48Z Ratio of RV weight to LV+S weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003280 heart right ventricle weight to left ventricle plus septum weight ratio CMO:0003280 A calculated value which compares the weight of the right ventricle, the lower chamber of the right side of the heart, which pumps venous blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries to the capillaries of the lung, with the weight of the left ventricle (including the ventricular septum), the lower chamber of the left side of the heart, which pumps oxygenated blood out through the aorta to all the tissues of the body, and presents it as a ratio. Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the pressure within the heart right ventricle at the end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). slaulede 2019-12-09T16:33:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003281 right ventricular end-systolic blood pressure CMO:0003281 Measurement of the pressure within the heart right ventricle at the end of systole, the period of contraction of the heart when the blood is forced from the ventricles into the pulmonary artery (right ventricle) and the aorta (left ventricle). Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed Measurement of the pressure within the heart right ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery. slaulede 2019-12-09T16:36:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003282 right ventricular systolic blood pressure CMO:0003282 Measurement of the pressure within the heart right ventricle at the point of maximal contraction, when the blood is forced from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The minimum pressure in the heart right ventricle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. slaulede 2019-12-09T16:43:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003283 right ventricular diastolic blood pressure CMO:0003283 The minimum pressure in the heart right ventricle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The pressure in the heart right ventricle at the end of diastole, the period when the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. slaulede 2019-12-09T16:47:48Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003284 right ventricular end-diastolic blood pressure CMO:0003284 The pressure in the heart right ventricle at the end of diastole, the period when the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion and the ventricles fill with blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Dental_Dictionary--2nd_Ed The average pressure (geometric mean) during the aortic pulse cycle. slaulede 2019-12-09T17:52:40Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003285 mean aortic pressure CMO:0003285 The average pressure (geometric mean) during the aortic pulse cycle. https://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP002 A calculated value in which the weight of the mesenteric fat pad, the encapsulated adipose tissue attached to the membranous fold or mesentery of the abdomen, is divided by the length of the tibia, the inner and larger bone of the lower leg or hindlimb, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the length of the leg and, by extension, to the length of the body. slaulede 2019-12-16T17:05:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003286 mesenteric fat pad weight to tibia length ratio CMO:0003286 This is a calculated measurement in which the maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure in a subject is divided by the left ventricular systolic blood pressure in that subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the left ventricular systolic blood pressure. sjwang 2019-12-18T14:15:28Z LVdP/dtmax/P clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003287 maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure to left ventricular systolic blood pressure ratio CMO:0003287 This is a calculated measurement in which the maximum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure in a subject is divided by the left ventricular systolic blood pressure in that subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the left ventricular systolic blood pressure. PMID:21421817 A calculated measurement that is used as an index to characterize the contractile ability of the heart. sjwang 2019-12-20T11:25:47Z LVdP/dtmin clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003288 minimum rate of positive change in left ventricular blood pressure CMO:0003288 A calculated measurement that is used as an index to characterize the contractile ability of the heart. PMID:21421817 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003289 right renal cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003289 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003290 large intestine ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003290 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003291 right renal pelvis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003291 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003292 muscle of arm ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003292 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003293 muscle of leg ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003293 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003294 skeletal muscle of trunk ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003294 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003295 spinal cord ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003295 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003296 renal pelvis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003296 hsnalabolu 2020-01-10T15:31:08Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003297 left renal pelvis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003297 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z eye ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003298 eye ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003298 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003299 throat ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003299 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003300 dorsal thalamus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003300 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003301 mitral valve ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003301 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003302 dura mater ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003302 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003303 hippocampal formation ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003303 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003304 pituitary gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003304 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003305 parietal lobe ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003305 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003306 olfactory apparatus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003306 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003307 pineal body ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003307 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003308 diaphragm ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003308 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003309 occipital lobe ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003309 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003310 brain meninx ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003310 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003311 vas deferens ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003311 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003312 trachea ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003312 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003313 umbilical cord ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003313 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003314 minor salivary gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003314 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003315 amygdala ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003315 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z artery RNA composition measurement artery RNA level artery ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003316 artery ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003316 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003317 caudate nucleus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003317 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003318 diencephalon ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003318 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z CMO:0003382 UBERON:0016540 occipital cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003319 occipital cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003319 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003320 parotid gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003320 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003321 penis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003321 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z vagina RNA composition measurement vagina RNA level vagina ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003322 vagina ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003322 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003323 globus pallidus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003323 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z heart left atrium ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003324 left cardiac atrium ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003324 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003325 locus ceruleus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003325 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003326 medulla oblongata ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003326 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003327 pulmonary valve ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003327 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003328 submandibular gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003328 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003329 tricuspid valve ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003329 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003330 uterine cervix ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003330 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003331 substantia nigra ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003331 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003332 epididymis ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003332 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003333 heart left ventricle ribonucleic acid composition measurement true CMO:0003333 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003334 middle frontal gyrus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003334 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003335 middle temporal gyrus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003335 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T09:03:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003336 putamen ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003336 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T10:59:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003337 blood ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003337 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T10:59:26Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003338 mouth mucosa ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003338 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T12:28:22Z tongue RNA composition measurement tongue RNA level tongue ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003339 tongue ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003339 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T12:34:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003340 seminal vesicle ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003340 hsnalabolu 2020-01-13T12:38:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003341 cerebral cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003341 hsnalabolu 2019-12-09T08:12:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003342 proximal gut ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003342 hsnalabolu 2019-12-09T08:13:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003343 terminal ileum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003343 hsnalabolu 2019-12-09T08:12:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003344 distal gut ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003344 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:42:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003345 pleura ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003345 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:42:18Z cartilage RNA level cartilage ribonucleic acid composition measurement cartilage tissue ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003346 cartilage ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003346 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:42:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003347 chordate pharynx ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003347 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:43:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003348 nasal septum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003348 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:43:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003349 oral cavity ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003349 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T10:43:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003350 bone tissue ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003350 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T15:26:31Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003351 epithelium of bronchus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003351 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T15:40:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003353 caecum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003353 hsnalabolu 2020-01-15T15:42:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003354 ileum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003354 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T08:03:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003355 mucosa ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003355 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T08:04:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003356 connective tissue ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003356 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T08:04:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003357 vulva ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003357 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T08:05:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003358 bile duct ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003358 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T08:05:24Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003359 peripheral nervous system ribonucleic acid composition measurement true CMO:0003359 hsnalabolu 2020-01-16T10:38:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003360 umbilical cord blood ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003360 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T07:53:22Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003361 hematopoietic system ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003361 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T08:19:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003362 musculature ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003362 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:01:21Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003363 hindbrain ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003363 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:01:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003364 basal ganglion ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003364 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:02:13Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003365 hippocampus proper ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003365 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:02:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003366 pons ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003366 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:03:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003367 choroid plexus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003367 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:04:01Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003368 telencephalon ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003368 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the forebrain is formed or composed. The forebrain is the most anterior region of the brain including both the telencephalon and diencephalon. hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:04:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003369 forebrain ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003369 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:05:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003370 combined pituitary and diencephalon ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003370 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:05:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003371 combined diencephalon and midbrain ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003371 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:05:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003372 combined forebrain and midbrain ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003372 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T09:06:07Z combined hindbrain without cerebellum ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003373 hindbrain without cerebellum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003373 hsnalabolu 2020-01-17T12:28:10Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003374 venous blood ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003374 A calculated measurement in which urine sodium excretion rate is divided by the weight of the kidneys, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Urine sodium excretion rate is the amount of sodium, the chemical element with atomic number 11, discharged in the urine, the fluid waste product separated and discharged by the kidneys, per unit time. sjwang 2020-01-28T09:58:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003375 urine sodium excretion rate to kidney weight ratio CMO:0003375 The diameter across the inside of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. sjwang 2020-01-28T10:09:41Z LVIDd heart left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter left ventricular internal dimension at diastole clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003376 heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter CMO:0003376 The diameter across the inside of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. PMID:32207065 A measurement of the amount of angiotensin II type 1 receptor, the angiotensin receptor exhibiting vasopressor effects, regulation of aldosterone secretion and blood pressure and volume control, in a specified sample of glomerular tissue expressed relative to the weight of total protein in that sample. sjwang 2020-01-28T10:18:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003377 glomerular angiotensin II type 1 receptor density CMO:0003377 jrsmith 2020-02-17T12:02:08Z UBERON:0003688 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003378 omentum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003378 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:16:53Z UBERON:0002509 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003379 mesenteric lymph node ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003379 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:18:50Z UBERON:0002299 alveolus of lung ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003380 lung alveolus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003380 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:20:28Z UBERON:0002336 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003381 corpus callosum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003381 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:21:43Z UBERON:0016540 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003382 occipital cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement true CMO:0003382 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:22:47Z UBERON:0002298 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003383 brainstem ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003383 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:23:46Z UBERON:0001870 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003384 frontal cortex ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003384 jrsmith 2020-02-17T13:24:59Z UBERON:0001897 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003385 combined dorsal plus ventral thalamus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003385 Measurement of one or more tumors of the hypodermis. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2020-04-02T17:17:50Z hypodermal tumor measurement hypodermis tumor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003386 subcutaneous tumor measurement CMO:0003386 Measurement of one or more tumors of the hypodermis. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The number of new cases of individuals developing tumors in both testes appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-04-02T17:30:31Z percentage of study population developing hypodermis tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003387 percentage of study population developing subcutaneous tumors during a period of time CMO:0003387 The number of new cases of individuals developing tumors in both testes appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display subcutaneous tumors at a point in time or develop subcutaneous tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. A subcutaneous tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the hypodermis, lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. slaulede 2020-04-02T17:54:48Z hypodermis tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003388 subcutaneous tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003388 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display subcutaneous tumors at a point in time or develop subcutaneous tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. A subcutaneous tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in and composed of cells specific to the hypodermis, lowermost layer of the integumentary system in vertebrates. Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed,_ISBN:978-1416049982 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the weight of one or both kidneys, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. slaulede 2020-04-07T16:55:45Z kidney wet weight as percentage of body weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003389 kidney wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003389 A calculated measurement in which the weight after removal from the body but without desiccation of the weight of one or both kidneys, one of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to body weight. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T14:54:34Z MESH:D017934 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003390 serum anti-coronavirus antibody level CMO:0003390 Measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. MESH:D017934 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV2 betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T15:23:19Z MESH:D000073640 serum anti-COVID-19 antibody level serum anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody level serum anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003391 serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody level CMO:0003391 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV2 betacoronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D000073640 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-SARS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T15:33:04Z MESH:D045473 serum anti-SARS-Cov antibody level serum anti-SARS-Cov-1 antibody level serum anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003392 serum anti-SARS-CoV antibody level CMO:0003392 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-SARS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV betacoronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D045473 Measurement of the amount of anti-MERS-Cov antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-MERS-Cov antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a MERS-Cov betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T15:43:28Z MESH:D065207 serum anti-MERS-Cov antibody level serum anti-Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003393 serum anti-MERS-CoV antibody level CMO:0003393 Measurement of the amount of anti-MERS-Cov antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-MERS-Cov antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a MERS-Cov betacoronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D065207 Measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T16:38:51Z MESH:D017934 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003394 plasma anti-coronavirus antibody level CMO:0003394 Measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. MESH:D017934 Measurement of the amount of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-MERS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a MERS-CoV betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T16:44:06Z MESH:D065207 plasma anti-Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003395 plasma anti-MERS-CoV antibody level CMO:0003395 Measurement of the amount of anti-MERS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-MERS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a MERS-CoV betacoronavirus. MESH:D065207 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-SARS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T16:57:09Z MESH:D045473 plasma anti-SARS-CoV antibody level plasma anti-SARS-CoV-1 antibody level plasma anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003396 plasma anti-SARS-CoV antibody level CMO:0003396 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-SARS-CoV antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV betacoronavirus. MESH:D045473 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus. slaulede 2020-04-20T17:15:39Z MESH:D000073640 plasma anti-COVID-19 antibody level plasma anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003397 plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody level CMO:0003397 Measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV-2 betacoronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D000073640 Measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. slaulede 2020-04-20T17:37:33Z MESH:D000073640 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003398 serum anti-betacoronavirus antibody level CMO:0003398 Measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D000073640 Measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. slaulede 2020-04-20T17:44:19Z MESH:D000073640 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003399 plasma anti-betacoronavirus antibody level CMO:0003399 Measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. MESH:D000073640 The weight of the lower left chamber of the heart (including the ventricular septum), which pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic arteries, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. slaulede 2020-04-21T17:25:17Z LV+S wet weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003400 heart left ventricle plus septum wet weight CMO:0003400 The weight of the lower left chamber of the heart (including the ventricular septum), which pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta into the systemic arteries, after removal from the body and separation from the rest of the heart but without desiccation. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The width of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of Bowman's capsule. slaulede 2020-05-04T12:26:09Z MP:0011409 renal glomerulus basement membrane thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003401 kidney glomerulus basement membrane thickness CMO:0003401 The width of the layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of Bowman's capsule. MP:0011409 A calculated value made by dividing the mesangial fraction volume by the total glomerular volume, both values having been calculated from measurements of microscopic images. slaulede 2020-05-04T14:39:47Z CMO:0003403 Vmes PMID:14993490 PMID:3226452 kidney fractional mesangial volume kidney mesangium volume to glomerulus volume ratio mesangial Vv mesangial volume density (Vv) ratio of glomerular area occupied by mesangial cells to total glomerular area renal mesangium volume to glomerulus volume ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003402 mesangium volume to glomerulus volume ratio CMO:0003402 A calculated value made by dividing the mesangial fraction volume by the total glomerular volume, both values having been calculated from measurements of microscopic images. PMID:14993490 PMID:3226452 A calculated value made by dividing the mesangial volume measurement by the total glomerular volume measurement, both values having been determined from measurements of microscopic images. slaulede 2020-05-04T15:11:46Z Vmes PMID:14993490 PMID:3226452 mesangial Vv mesangial volume density (Vv) ratio of glomerular area occupied by mesangial cells to total glomerular area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003403 kidney fractional mesangial volume true CMO:0003403 A calculated value made by dividing the mesangial volume measurement by the total glomerular volume measurement, both values having been determined from measurements of microscopic images. PMID:14993490 PMID:3226452 Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. slaulede 2020-05-04T16:53:58Z CHEBI:23899 MESH:D015777 serum icosanoid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003404 serum eicosanoid level CMO:0003404 Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of the amount of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha, an isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position., in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. slaulede 2020-05-04T17:11:59Z 8-isoprostaglandin-F2alpha measurement serum 8-isoprostane level CHEBI:34505 EFO:0801082 MESH:C075750 serum 8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003405 serum 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha level CMO:0003405 Measurement of the amount of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha, an isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position., in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 CHEBI:34505 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of the amount of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha, an isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position., in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2020-05-04T17:33:53Z 8-isoprostaglandin-F2alpha measurement plasma 8-isoprostane level CHEBI:34505 EFO:0801082 MESH:C075750 plasma 8-epiprostaglandin F2alpha level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003406 plasma 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha level CMO:0003406 Measurement of the amount of 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha, an isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position., in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 CHEBI:34505 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2020-05-04T17:43:51Z CHEBI:23899 MESH:D015777 plasma icosanoid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003407 plasma eicosanoid level CMO:0003407 Measurement of the amount of one or more eicosanoids, physiologically active molecules derived by oxidation of twenty-carbon essential fatty acids such as arachidonic acid, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors. slaulede 2020-05-12T17:08:10Z CHEBI:3385 MESH:D002217 carbamylcholine response/sensitivity measurement carbastat response/sensitivity measurement carboptic response/sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003408 carbachol response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0003408 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated value for the concentration of carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of carbachol is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during carbachol-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of carbachol which is the minimum contractile energy). slaulede 2020-05-12T17:18:33Z CHEBI:3385 MESH:D002217 concentration of carbamylcholine at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) concentration of carbastat at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003409 concentration of carbachol at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0003409 A calculated value for the concentration of carbachol, the ammonium salt that is a slowly hydrolyzed cholinergic agonist that acts at both muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of carbachol is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during carbachol-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of carbachol which is the minimum contractile energy). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of carbachol to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. slaulede 2020-05-12T17:33:55Z CHEBI:3385 MESH:D002217 PMID:22783192 clinical_measurement_ontology carbachol-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent of phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction CMO:0003410 carbachol-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0003410 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of carbachol to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed PMID:22783192 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to BAY60-4552, a chemical that belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. slaulede 2020-05-15T12:28:44Z PMID:22783192 Nelociguat response/sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003411 BAY60-4552 response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0003411 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to BAY60-4552, a chemical that belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. PMID:22783192 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of BAY 60-4552 to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. slaulede 2020-05-15T12:45:58Z PMID:22783192 Nelociguat-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003412 BAY 60-4552-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0003412 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of BAY 60-4552 to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 PMID:22783192 A calculated value for the concentration of BAY 60-4552, a small molecule stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of BAY 60-4552 is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during BAY 60-4552-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of BAY 60-4552 which is the minimum contractile energy). slaulede 2020-05-15T13:02:00Z PMID:22783192 concentration of Nelociguat at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003413 concentration of BAY 60-4552 at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0003413 A calculated value for the concentration of BAY 60-4552, a small molecule stimulator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of BAY 60-4552 is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during BAY 60-4552-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of BAY 60-4552 which is the minimum contractile energy). PMID:22783192 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to GSK2181236A, a chemical that belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. slaulede 2020-05-19T15:49:44Z PMID:22783192 1-(6-{2-[({3-methyl-4 -[(trifluoromethyl)oxy]-4-biphenylyl}methyl)oxy] phenyl}-2-pyridinyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid response/sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003414 GSK2181236A response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0003414 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to GSK2181236A, a chemical that belongs to a novel group of small molecule compounds which increase the enzymatic activity of soluble guanylate cyclase. PMID:22783192 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of GSK2181236A to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. slaulede 2020-05-19T15:55:34Z PMID:22783192 clinical_measurement_ontology GSK2181236A-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent of phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction CMO:0003415 GSK2181236A-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0003415 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of GSK2181236A to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:11748519 PMID:22783192 A calculated value for the concentration of GSK2181236A, a small molecule activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of GSK2181236A is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during GSK2181236A-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of GSK2181236A which is the minimum contractile energy). slaulede 2020-05-19T16:00:44Z PMID:22783192 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003416 concentration of GSK2181236A at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value (EC50) CMO:0003416 A calculated value for the concentration of GSK2181236A, a small molecule activator of soluble guanylate cyclase, at which the energy exerted during the active expansion in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of GSK2181236A is halfway between the highest value, that is the force at greatest constriction (often measured in a pre-constricted blood vessel), and the lowest achievable value of such contractile energy during GSK2181236A-induced relaxation of the vessel wall (i.e. the maximum effect of GSK2181236A which is the minimum contractile energy). American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. slaulede 2020-05-22T14:09:29Z PMID:24549186 PMID:30899601 brain PtO2 measurement brain oxygen saturation measurement brain partial pressure of oxygen measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003417 brain oxygen measurement CMO:0003417 The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. PMID:30899601 In the physiology of the kidney, free water clearance is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of solute-free water per unit time. A free water clearance of zero means the kidney is producing urine isotonic with respect to the plasma. Values greater than zero for free water clearance imply that the kidney is producing dilute urine through the excretion of solute-free water. slaulede 2020-05-28T14:54:46Z PMID:23955305 clinical_measurement_ontology renal water clearance CMO:0003418 free water clearance CMO:0003418 In the physiology of the kidney, free water clearance is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of solute-free water per unit time. A free water clearance of zero means the kidney is producing urine isotonic with respect to the plasma. Values greater than zero for free water clearance imply that the kidney is producing dilute urine through the excretion of solute-free water. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_water_clearance https://www.osmosis.org Any measurement relating to the function of the kidney or any part thereof. The kidney functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2020-05-28T14:59:47Z renal physiological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003419 kidney physiological measurement CMO:0003419 Any measurement relating to the function of the kidney or any part thereof. The kidney functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement of kidney function which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-05-28T15:50:19Z EFO:0006836 calculated renal physiological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology rapid kidney function decline CMO:0003420 calculated kidney physiological measurement CMO:0003420 A measurement of kidney function which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the value for free water clearance is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. slaulede 2020-05-28T15:56:24Z kidney water reabsorption level to body weight ratio nephron water absorption level to body weight ratio renal water absorption level to body weight ratio renal water reabsorption level to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003421 free water clearance level to body weight ratio CMO:0003421 A calculated measurement in which the value for free water clearance is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed,_ISBN:978-1416049982 The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney tissue. slaulede 2020-05-28T17:55:06Z CHEBI:16336 kidney hyaluronan level renal hyaluronan level renal hyaluronic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003422 kidney hyaluronic acid level CMO:0003422 The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney tissue. CHEBI:16336 ISBN-13:978-1455756438 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney. slaulede 2020-05-28T18:30:26Z calculated renal enzyme activity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003423 calculated kidney enzyme activity measurement CMO:0003423 A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. slaulede 2020-06-02T15:42:19Z ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 renal hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003424 kidney hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0003424 A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CMO:0002224 ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display lung tumorous lesions at a point in time or develop lung tumorous lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:09:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003425 lung tumorous lesion incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003425 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display lung tumorous lesions at a point in time or develop lung tumorous lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 CMO:0001624 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of a lung lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:15:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003426 lung tumorous lesion measurement CMO:0003426 Measurement of a lung lesion which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. The lungs comprise the organ component of the respiratory system responsible for the exchange of gases between the environment and the blood. CMO:0001034 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Gale:Gale_Encyclopedia_of_Medicine A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the lung at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:26:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003427 lung tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003427 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population displaying one or more tumors of the lung at a point in time or developing such growths within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the lung resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:31:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003428 lung tumor measurement CMO:0003428 Measurement of an abnormal growth of tissue in the lung resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of lung tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:48:45Z lung tumor incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003429 percentage of study population developing lung tumors during a period of time CMO:0003429 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of lung tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. CMO:0001029 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the lung at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2020-06-04T14:54:30Z lung tumor prevalence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003430 percentage of study population displaying lung tumors at a point in time CMO:0003430 The number of individuals in a study population which display tumors of the lung at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. CMO:0001030 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display metastatic tumors in the lung at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-06-04T15:25:31Z metastatic lung tumor prevalence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003431 percentage of study population displaying metastatic tumors in the lung at a point in time CMO:0003431 The number of individuals in a study population which display metastatic tumors in the lung at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. CMO:0001030 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis The number of individuals in a study population which develop metastatic lung tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-06-04T16:04:37Z metastatic lung tumor incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003432 percentage of study population developing metastatic lung tumors during a period of time CMO:0003432 The number of individuals in a study population which develop metastatic lung tumors during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. CMO:0003429 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis A value or quantity determined by count of lung tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function in the lung. slaulede 2020-06-04T17:05:15Z lung tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003433 lung tumor number CMO:0003433 A value or quantity determined by count of lung tumors, abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function in the lung. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A value or quantity determined by count of metastatic tumors in the lung. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-06-04T17:12:47Z metastatic lung tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003434 metastatic lung tumor number CMO:0003434 A value or quantity determined by count of metastatic tumors in the lung. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the lung, or of the amount of the lung occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2020-06-04T17:27:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003435 lung tumorous lesion size measurement CMO:0003435 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lesion in the lung, or of the amount of the lung occupied by tumorous lesions. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. CMO:0001069 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Any measurement of the size of an individual metastatic tumorous lesion in the lung, or of the amount of the lung occupied by metastatic tumorous lesions. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-06-04T17:38:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003436 metastatic lung tumor size measurement CMO:0003436 Any measurement of the size of an individual metastatic tumorous lesion in the lung, or of the amount of the lung occupied by metastatic tumorous lesions. A metastatic tumor in the lung is a secondary abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the lung from the place where they first formed. CMO:0003429 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual metastatic tumorous lesion in the lung, or a measurement of the average total area occupied by metastatic tumorous lesions in cross-sections of lung per subject. slaulede 2020-06-04T18:05:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003437 metastatic lung tumor area measurement CMO:0003437 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual metastatic tumorous lesion in the lung, or a measurement of the average total area occupied by metastatic tumorous lesions in cross-sections of lung per subject. CMO:0003429 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis Measurement of the amount of any xenobiotic or metabolic kinetics in a specified sample of kidney. A xenobiotic is a chemical compound foreign to a given biologic system, or more specifically, a pharmacologically, endocrinologically, or toxicologically active substance not endogenously produced and therefore foreign to an organism. slaulede 2020-06-08T17:23:33Z kidney uptake of xenobiotic clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003438 renal uptake of xenobiotic CMO:0003438 Measurement of the amount of any xenobiotic or metabolic kinetics in a specified sample of kidney. A xenobiotic is a chemical compound foreign to a given biologic system, or more specifically, a pharmacologically, endocrinologically, or toxicologically active substance not endogenously produced and therefore foreign to an organism. CMO:0003131 Measurement of the amount of a gadolinium-based contrast agent or metabolic kinetics in a specified sample of kidney. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) are intravenous drugs used in diagnostic imaging procedures to enhance the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). slaulede 2020-06-08T17:32:25Z renal uptake of GBCA clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003439 renal uptake of gadolinium-based contrast agent CMO:0003439 Measurement of the amount of a gadolinium-based contrast agent or metabolic kinetics in a specified sample of kidney. Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) are intravenous drugs used in diagnostic imaging procedures to enhance the quality of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). https://www.fda.gov/drugs/postmarket-drug-safety-information-patients-and-providers/information-gadolinium-based-contrast-agents Measurement of the the time elapsed between intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA (gadopentetate dimeglumine) and highest concentration of Gd-DTPA in the kidney cortex. slaulede 2020-06-08T17:45:59Z CHEBI:31797 renal perfusion index time to peak measurement of gadopentetate dimeglumine uptake by kidney cortex clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003440 time to peak measurement of Gd-DTPA uptake by kidney cortex CMO:0003440 Measurement of the the time elapsed between intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA (gadopentetate dimeglumine) and highest concentration of Gd-DTPA in the kidney cortex. PMID:14561850 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count. slaulede 2020-06-09T12:37:58Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003441 calculated retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count CMO:0003441 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the number of photoreceptor nuclei in a specified segment of retinal outer nuclear layer is divided by the length of that segment, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-09T12:54:33Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003442 retinal outer nuclear layer photoreceptor nucleus count to layer length ratio CMO:0003442 A calculated measurement in which the number of photoreceptor nuclei in a specified segment of retinal outer nuclear layer is divided by the length of that segment, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language--4th_Ed The total number of microscopic instances of kidney tubule regenerative structures observed in a diseased kidney. slaulede 2020-06-09T18:15:26Z renal tubule regeneration foci count renal tubule regeneration foci number clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003443 kidney tubule regeneration foci count CMO:0003443 The total number of microscopic instances of kidney tubule regenerative structures observed in a diseased kidney. PMID:11682445 The total number of microscopically detected kidney tubule casts observed in a kidney.Renal intratubular casts may be hyaline or granular and observed in a number of renal diseases. Commonly observed hyaline (eosinophilic, homogeneous, proteinaceous) casts are associated with increased glomerular permeability such as with chronic progressive nephropathy and granular (necrotic cellular debris) casts are indicative of previous tubule cell necrosis. slaulede 2020-06-11T14:12:46Z PMID:11682445 https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov kidney total tubular cast count renal total tubule cast count total intratubular cast count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003444 kidney total tubule cast count CMO:0003444 The total number of microscopically detected kidney tubule casts observed in a kidney.Renal intratubular casts may be hyaline or granular and observed in a number of renal diseases. Commonly observed hyaline (eosinophilic, homogeneous, proteinaceous) casts are associated with increased glomerular permeability such as with chronic progressive nephropathy and granular (necrotic cellular debris) casts are indicative of previous tubule cell necrosis. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov The total number of microscopic instances of inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. The term interstitial tissue of the kidney is generally used for primary inflammation of kidney tubules and/or surrounding interstitium. slaulede 2020-06-11T14:37:11Z D009395 foci of tubulointerstitial nephritis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003445 interstitial nephritis foci count CMO:0003445 The total number of microscopic instances of inflammation of the interstitial tissue of the kidney. The term interstitial tissue of the kidney is generally used for primary inflammation of kidney tubules and/or surrounding interstitium. MESH:D009395 The total number of microscopic instances of fibrosis observed in a diseased kidney. Renal fibrosis is the consequence of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and represents a failed wound-healing process of the kidney tissue. slaulede 2020-06-11T15:33:20Z kidney fibrosis foci count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003446 renal fibrosis foci count CMO:0003446 The total number of microscopic instances of fibrosis observed in a diseased kidney. Renal fibrosis is the consequence of excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and represents a failed wound-healing process of the kidney tissue. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/kidney-fibrosis The total number of microscopic instances of glomerular injury observed in a diseased kidney. The spectrum of glomerular lesions can be focal (only in some glomeruli), diffuse (in all or almost all the glomeruli), segmental (only a part of the glomerulus), or global (the entire glomerulus). slaulede 2020-06-11T16:00:33Z PMID:11682445 renal glomerular lesion count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003447 kidney glomerular lesion count CMO:0003447 The total number of microscopic instances of glomerular injury observed in a diseased kidney. The spectrum of glomerular lesions can be focal (only in some glomeruli), diffuse (in all or almost all the glomeruli), segmental (only a part of the glomerulus), or global (the entire glomerulus). url:https://www.kidneypathology.com/English_version/Histologic_patterns.html Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display glycosuria at a point in time or develop arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. Glucose in the urine (glycosuria or glucosuria), results from the glomerular filtration of more glucose than the renal tubule can absorb. slaulede 2020-06-12T13:16:25Z glucosuria incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003448 glycosuria incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003448 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display glycosuria at a point in time or develop arthritis within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. Glucose in the urine (glycosuria or glucosuria), results from the glomerular filtration of more glucose than the renal tubule can absorb. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of new cases of glycosuria appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-06-12T13:25:26Z glucosuria incidence glycosuria incidence percentage of study population developing glucosuria during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003449 percentage of study population developing glycosuria during a period of time CMO:0003449 The number of new cases of glycosuria appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The number of individuals in a study population which display glycosuria at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-06-12T13:39:14Z glucosuria prevalence glycosuria prevalence percentage of study population developing glucosuria at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003450 percentage of study population displaying glycosuria at a point in time CMO:0003450 The number of individuals in a study population which display glycosuria at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which a series of body weight measurements is plotted against time for a single individual and various values are determined from the plotted data. slaulede 2020-06-18T17:10:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003451 body weight growth curve measurement CMO:0003451 The maximum slope of a body weight curve is the slope (m in y=mx+c) of the steepest tangent line along the curve, found by differentiating the equation of the curve. slaulede 2020-06-18T17:31:02Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003452 maximum slope of body weight growth curve CMO:0003452 The maximum slope of a body weight curve is the slope (m in y=mx+c) of the steepest tangent line along the curve, found by differentiating the equation of the curve. url:https://brilliant.org/wiki/slope-of-a-curve-basic/ Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. slaulede 2020-06-22T13:33:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003453 brain mineral measurement CMO:0003453 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. slaulede 2020-06-22T13:39:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003454 brain copper measurement CMO:0003454 Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities, receiving and interpreting sensory impulses, and transmitting information to the muscles and body organs. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of brain. slaulede 2020-06-22T13:52:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003455 brain copper weight CMO:0003455 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of brain, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-06-22T13:57:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003456 calculated brain copper weight CMO:0003456 A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of brain, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a whole brain. slaulede 2020-06-22T13:59:52Z copper weight per whole brain total brain copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003457 brain total copper weight CMO:0003457 Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a whole brain. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism slaulede 2020-06-22T14:14:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003458 brain copper weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003458 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the weight of that brain sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-22T14:16:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003459 brain copper weight to brain weight ratio CMO:0003459 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the weight of that brain sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the dry weight of that brain sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-22T14:20:29Z ISBN:978-1416049982 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003460 brain copper weight to brain dry weight ratio CMO:0003460 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the dry weight of that brain sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the wet weight of that brainsample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-22T14:47:57Z ISBN:978-1416049982 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003461 brain copper weight to brain wet weight ratio CMO:0003461 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of brain is divided by the wet weight of that brainsample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in blood. slaulede 2020-06-22T15:06:16Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003462 blood mineral measurement CMO:0003462 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in blood. Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. slaulede 2020-06-22T15:10:13Z EFO:0007578 blood copper measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003463 blood copper level CMO:0003463 The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Saunders:Saunders_Comprehensive_Veterinary_Dictionary--3rd_Ed The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2020-06-22T15:52:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003464 plasma copper level CMO:0003464 The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Miller-Keane:Miller-Keane_Encyclopedia_and_Dictionary_of_Medicine_Nursing_and_Allied_Health--7th_Ed The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. slaulede 2020-06-22T15:56:19Z EFO:0005267 ISBN:978-1416049982 serum copper measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003465 serum copper level CMO:0003465 The amount of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of blood. Ceruloplasmin is a metalloprotein that binds most of the copper in plasma and is involved in the peroxidation of Fe(II)transferrin to Fe(III) transferrin. slaulede 2020-06-22T16:43:30Z RGD:2387 blood CERP level blood CP levvel blood bilitranslocase level blood ferroxidase level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003466 blood ceruloplasmin level CMO:0003466 The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of blood. Ceruloplasmin is a metalloprotein that binds most of the copper in plasma and is involved in the peroxidation of Fe(II)transferrin to Fe(III) transferrin. RGD:2387 The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2020-06-22T16:49:18Z ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:2387 plasma CERP level plasma CP level plasma bilitranslocase level plasma ferroxidase level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003467 plasma ceruloplasmin level CMO:0003467 The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed RGD:2387 The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. slaulede 2020-06-22T16:58:32Z EFO:0005139 ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:2387 serum CERP level serum CP level serum bilitranslocase level serum ceruloplasmin measurement serum ferroxidase level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003468 serum ceruloplasmin level CMO:0003468 The amount of ceruloplasmin in a specified sample of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed RGD:2387 The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2020-06-25T15:35:37Z ISBN:978-1416049982 heart left ventricle adrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003469 heart left ventricle epinephrine level CMO:0003469 The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of epinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone, a stimulator of the sympathetic nervous system and a vasoconstrictor. CMO:0002165 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of norepinephrine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and stress hormone with multiple physiological roles including affects on heart rate, blood pressure and vascular tone. slaulede 2020-06-25T15:43:54Z ISBN:978-1416049982 XCO:0000127 heart left ventricle noradrenaline level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003470 heart left ventricle norepinephrine level CMO:0003470 The amount in a specified sample of tissue from the heart left ventricle, of norepinephrine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and stress hormone with multiple physiological roles including affects on heart rate, blood pressure and vascular tone. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed XCO:0000127 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter is divided by the posterior wall thickness, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension is the diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. slaulede 2020-06-25T17:26:40Z PMID:22768235 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003471 heart left ventricle end-diastolic diameter to posterior wall thickness ratio CMO:0003471 A calculated measurement in which the heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal diameter is divided by the posterior wall thickness, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Heart left ventricle end-diastolic internal dimension is the diameter across the left ventricle of the heart at the end of diastole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally relaxed, and usually corresponds to its largest diameter. PMID:22768235 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:19:28Z renal mineral measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003472 kidney mineral measurement CMO:0003472 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Mosby:Mosbys_Medical_Dictionary--8th_Ed Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:23:28Z renal copper measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003473 kidney copper measurement CMO:0003473 Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in kidney, the organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of kidney. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:36:40Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003474 kidney copper weight CMO:0003474 Measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in a specified sample of kidney. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in one or both kidneys. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:40:55Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal total copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003475 kidney total copper weight CMO:0003475 Measurement of the total weight or heaviness of the copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in one or both kidneys. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of kidney, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:45:47Z calculated renal copper weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003476 calculated kidney copper weight CMO:0003476 A measurement of the weight or heaviness of the copper in a specified sample of kidney, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. Merriam-Webster:Merriam-Websters_Online_Dictionary--11th_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. slaulede 2020-06-26T14:48:58Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal copper weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003477 kidney copper weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003477 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the total weight of the body of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the dry weight of that kidney sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-26T15:12:08Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal copper weight to renal dry weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003478 kidney copper weight to kidney dry weight ratio CMO:0003478 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the dry weight of that kidney sample, that is, the weight of the sample after dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of that kidney sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-06-26T15:17:16Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal copper weight to renal weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003479 kidney copper weight to kidney weight ratio CMO:0003479 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the weight of that kidney sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the wet weight of that kidney sample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage slaulede 2020-06-26T15:21:32Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal copper weight to renal wet weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003480 kidney copper weight to kidney wet weight ratio CMO:0003480 A calculated measurement in which the weight of copper in a specified sample of kidney is divided by the wet weight of that kidney sample, that is, the weight of the sample after removal from the body but without dessication, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed The amount of bradykinin collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium over a designated period of time. slaulede 2020-06-29T13:56:36Z CHEBI:3165 MESH:D001920 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003481 heart left ventricle interstitial bradykinin level during a period of time CMO:0003481 The amount of bradykinin collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium over a designated period of time. PMID:22768235 The amount of angiotensin II in the heart left ventricle interstitium measured over a designated period of time. Ang II is considered to be the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone activities in the body and acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2020-06-29T14:03:57Z CHEBI:48432 MESH:D000804 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003482 heart left ventricle interstitial angiotensin II level during a period of time CMO:0003482 The amount of angiotensin II in the heart left ventricle interstitium measured over a designated period of time. Ang II is considered to be the main effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), has endocrine, autocrine/paracrine, and intracrine hormone activities in the body and acts as a powerful vasoconstrictor. PMID:22768235 The amount of epinephrine collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium over a designated period of time. slaulede 2020-06-29T14:17:10Z heart left ventricle interstitial adrenaline level during a period of time heart left ventricle myocardium interstitial epinephrine level during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003483 heart left ventricle interstitial epinephrine level during a period of time CMO:0003483 The amount of norepinephrine collected from the intercellular spaces of the left ventricle myocardium over a designated period of time. slaulede 2020-06-29T14:44:13Z XCO:0000127 heart left ventricle interstitial noradrenaline level during a period of time heart left ventricle myocardium interstitial norepinephrine level during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003484 heart left ventricle interstitial norepinephrine level during a period of time CMO:0003484 The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of blood. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. slaulede 2020-06-29T18:47:31Z blood N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003485 blood NAG activity level CMO:0003485 The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of blood. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. url:https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/roche/10875406001?lang=en&region=US The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of plasma. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. slaulede 2020-06-29T18:53:53Z plasma N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003486 plasma NAG activity level CMO:0003486 The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of plasma. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. url:https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/roche/10875406001?lang=en&region=US The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of serum. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. slaulede 2020-06-29T18:56:09Z serum N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase activity level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003487 serum NAG activity level CMO:0003487 The amount of enzymatic activity of N-acetyl-&#946;-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in a specified sample of serum. N-Acetyl-&#946;-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) is an intracellular lysosomal enzyme, present in the S3 segment of proximal tubular cells and distal nephron. url:https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/roche/10875406001?lang=en&region=US The measurement of the total glomerular surface area as delimited by the internal edge of Bowman's capsule. slaulede 2020-07-07T17:17:47Z PMID:12827026 kidney glomerulus surface area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003488 kidney glomerular surface area CMO:0003488 The measurement of the total glomerular surface area as delimited by the internal edge of Bowman's capsule. PMID:12827026 The tuft surface area is defined as the total glomerular surface area minus the urinary space area and the urinary recesses. slaulede 2020-07-07T17:24:08Z PMID:12827026 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003489 kidney glomerular tuft surface area CMO:0003489 The tuft surface area is defined as the total glomerular surface area minus the urinary space area and the urinary recesses. PMID:12827026 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. slaulede 2020-07-10T17:11:50Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003490 urine mineral measurement CMO:0003490 Any measurement of an inorganic element or compound containing a metal, nonmetal, radical, or phosphate that is needed for proper body function and maintenance of health, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. ISBN-13:978-0323049375 ISBN-13:978-0702027895 Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. slaulede 2020-07-10T17:21:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003491 urine copper measurement CMO:0003491 Any measurement of copper, an essential dietary trace element, atomic number 29, involved in the formation of bone and blood as a necessary component of several enzymes, in urine, the fluid waste product excreted by the kidneys. ISBN-13:978-0702027895 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 Any measurement of urine copper which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-07-10T17:26:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003492 calculated urine copper measurement CMO:0003492 Any measurement of urine copper which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN:978-0-87779-809-5 A calculated measurement in which the level of copper in a specified sample of urine is divided by the level of creatinine in that sample of urine and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-07-10T17:33:46Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003493 urine copper level to urine creatinine level ratio CMO:0003493 A calculated measurement in which the level of copper in a specified sample of urine is divided by the level of creatinine in that sample of urine and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 The movement of ions across biological membranes essential for generating electrical signals, regulating ion homeostasis, cell volume, and maintaining the resting membrane potential. slaulede 2020-07-16T15:57:25Z cellular ion flux clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003494 cell ion flux CMO:0003494 The movement of ions across biological membranes essential for generating electrical signals, regulating ion homeostasis, cell volume, and maintaining the resting membrane potential. PMID:27916567 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of cellular ion flux. slaulede 2020-07-16T16:06:27Z calculated cellular ion flux clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003495 calculated cell ion flux CMO:0003495 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of cellular ion flux. ISBN-13:978-0618082308 PMID:27916567 A measurement, which has been derived by a mathematical process, of lymphocytes present in a sample of blood for which sodium flux was determined in samples of isolated cells following ex vivo assay and sample drying. slaulede 2020-07-16T17:21:03Z net Na influx to blood lymphocyte dry weight ratio per unit time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003496 net sodium influx to blood lymphocyte dry weight ratio per unit time CMO:0003496 A measurement, which has been derived by a mathematical process, of lymphocytes present in a sample of blood for which sodium flux was determined in samples of isolated cells following ex vivo assay and sample drying. PMID:3611778 A measurement, which has been derived by a mathematical process, of lymphocytes present in a sample of blood for which potassium flux was determined in samples of isolated cells following ex vivo assay and sample drying. slaulede 2020-07-16T17:27:02Z net K efflux to blood lymphocyte dry weight ratio per unit time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003497 net potassium efflux to blood lymphocyte dry weight ratio per unit time CMO:0003497 A measurement, which has been derived by a mathematical process, of lymphocytes present in a sample of blood for which potassium flux was determined in samples of isolated cells following ex vivo assay and sample drying. PMID:3611778 The maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise usually measured as volume of oxygen per unit of time, relative to the individual's body weight. slaulede 2020-07-24T13:10:11Z maximal oxygen consumption to body weight ratio weight-related maximal oxygen uptake weight-related maximum oxygen uptake clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003498 maximum oxygen consumption to body weight ratio CMO:0003498 The maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise usually measured as volume of oxygen per unit of time, relative to the individual's body weight. PMID:25764201 https://med.virginia.edu/exercise-physiology-core-laboratory/fitness-assessment-for-community-members/vo2-max-testing The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T14:55:13Z ISBN:978-1416049982 cerebral beta-amyloid deposit incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003499 percentage of study population developing cerebral beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time CMO:0003499 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T15:07:13Z cerebral microhemorrhages incidence cerebral small perivascular bleeds incidence percentage of study population with cerebral microhemorrhages during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003500 percentage of study population developing cerebral small perivascular bleeds during a period of time CMO:0003500 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small vessel thromboses and adjacent tissue infarction during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T15:13:51Z ISBN:978-1416049982 cerebral small vessel thromboses and adjacent tissue infarction incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003501 percentage of study population developing cerebral small vessel thrombosis and adjacent tissue infarction during a period of time CMO:0003501 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small vessel thromboses and adjacent tissue infarction during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds and beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population with beta-amyloid deposits, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T15:30:41Z ISBN:978-1416049982 cerebral small perivascular bleeds and beta-amyloid deposits incidence percentage of beta-amyloid deposits positive population developing cerebral small perivascular bleeds during a period of time percentage of cerebral small perivascular bleeds positive population developing cerebral beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time percentage of study population developing cerebral microhemorrhages and beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003502 percentage of study population developing cerebral small perivascular bleeds and beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time CMO:0003502 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds and beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population with beta-amyloid deposits, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds and no beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population with no beta-amyloid deposits, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T16:09:21Z ISBN:978-1416049982 cerebral small perivascular bleeds and no beta-amyloid deposits incidence percentage of study population developing cerebral microhemorrhages and no beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003503 percentage of study population developing cerebral small perivascular bleeds and no beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time CMO:0003503 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of cerebral small perivascular bleeds and no beta-amyloid deposits during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population with no beta-amyloid deposits, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of renal vascular pathology during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. slaulede 2020-07-24T16:17:10Z ISBN:978-1416049982 renal vascular pathology incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003504 percentage of study population developing renal vascular pathology during a period of time CMO:0003504 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of renal vascular pathology during a period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. ISBN:978-1416049982 This is a measurement of the amount of pro hormone ANP (NPPA) peptides (proANP 1-30 [first 30 amino acids(a.a) of the 126 a.a atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) prohormone], proANP 31-67 (a.a 31-67), and/or full length proANP (a.a 1-126) in a specified volume of blood. slaulede 2020-07-27T17:16:15Z atrial natriuretic factor measurement EFO:0004789 blood atrial natriuretic factor prohormone level blood atrial natriuretic peptide prohormone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003505 blood pro-A-type natriuretic peptide level CMO:0003505 This is a measurement of the amount of pro hormone ANP (NPPA) peptides (proANP 1-30 [first 30 amino acids(a.a) of the 126 a.a atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) prohormone], proANP 31-67 (a.a 31-67), and/or full length proANP (a.a 1-126) in a specified volume of blood. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=3193 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of blood. slaulede 2020-07-27T17:27:13Z blood ProANF 31-67 peptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003506 blood proANF 31-67 peptide level CMO:0003506 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of blood. PMID:1372667 https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=3193 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of plasma. slaulede 2020-07-27T17:35:14Z plasma ProANF 31-67 peptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003507 plasma proANF 31-67 peptide level CMO:0003507 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of plasma. PMID:1372667 https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=3193 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of serum. slaulede 2020-07-27T17:35:34Z serum ProANF 31-67 peptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003508 serum proANF 31-67 peptide level CMO:0003508 This is a measurement of the amount of proANF 31-67 (a.a 31-67 of the amino terminal of pro hormone ANP (Nppa)) in a specified volume of serum. PMID:1372667 https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/report/gene/main.html?id=3193 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of blood. slaulede 2020-08-13T18:23:42Z CHEBI:78600 blood 11-DHC level blood dehydrocorticosterone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003509 blood 11-dehydrocorticosterone level CMO:0003509 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of blood. CHEBI:78600 ISBN:9780618824359 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of plasma. slaulede 2020-08-13T18:31:47Z CHEBI:78600 plasma 11-DHC level plasma dehydrocorticosterone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003510 plasma 11-dehydrocorticosterone level CMO:0003510 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of plasma. CHEBI:78600 ISBN:9780618824359 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of serum. slaulede 2020-08-14T10:08:08Z CHEBI:78600 plasma 11-DHC level plasma dehydrocorticosterone level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003511 serum 11-dehydrocorticosterone level CMO:0003511 The amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone, an 11-oxo steroid that is corticosterone in which the hydroxy substituent at the 11beta position has been oxidized to give the corresponding ketone, found in a specific volume of serum. CHEBI:78600 ISBN:9780618824359 Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-08-14T10:12:08Z CHEBI:16827 D003345 11&#946;,21-dihydroxyprogesterone 17-deoxycortisol clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003512 calculated blood corticosterone level CMO:0003512 Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of blood, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN:9780618824359 Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of plasma, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-08-14T10:43:04Z CHEBI:16827 D003345 calculated plasma 11&#946;,21-dihydroxyprogesterone level calculated plasma 17-deoxycortisol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003513 calculated plasma corticosterone level CMO:0003513 Measurement of the amount of corticosterone in a specified volume of plasma, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN:9780618824359 A calculated measurement in which the amount of corticosterone in a sample of plasma is divided by the amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the 11-dehydrocorticosterone level. slaulede 2020-08-14T10:52:10Z CHEBI:16827 D003345 plasma corticosterone level to 11&#946;,21-dihydroxyprogesterone level ratio plasma corticosterone level to 17-deoxycortisol level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003514 plasma corticosterone level to 11-dehydrocorticosterone level ratio CMO:0003514 A calculated measurement in which the amount of corticosterone in a sample of plasma is divided by the amount of 11-dehydrocorticosterone in that sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the 11-dehydrocorticosterone level. ISBN:9780618824359 A calculated value in which the area of a liver tumorous lesion occupied by necrosis is divided by the total area of that individual liver tumorous lesion and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver tumorous lesion. slaulede 2020-08-18T16:36:00Z percentage of tumor necrosis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003515 necrotic liver tumorous lesion area to total liver tumorous lesion area ratio CMO:0003515 A calculated value in which the area of a liver tumorous lesion occupied by necrosis is divided by the total area of that individual liver tumorous lesion and presented as a ratio, percentage, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the size of the liver tumorous lesion. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN-13:978-1416049982 A measurement of the extent of necrosis in a two-dimensional surface of, or in a plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver. slaulede 2020-08-20T11:18:32Z PMID:32178957 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003516 area of necrosis in liver tumorous lesion CMO:0003516 A measurement of the extent of necrosis in a two-dimensional surface of, or in a plane through an individual tumorous lesion in the liver. PMID:32178957 The number of thymocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin, which control these processes. slaulede 2020-09-01T18:03:56Z CD3-positive thymocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003517 CD3+ thymocyte count CMO:0003517 The number of thymocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. The thymus is the lymphoid organ which is the site of the proliferation, differentiation and maturation of T lymphocytes, and of the production of hormones such as thymopoietin and thymosin, which control these processes. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 RGD:736987 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of blood. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. slaulede 2020-09-04T16:19:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003518 blood amylase activity level CMO:0003518 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of blood. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/amylase-test/ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324521 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of serum. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. slaulede 2020-09-04T16:41:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003519 serum amylase activity level CMO:0003519 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of serum. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/amylase-test/ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324521 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of plasma. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. slaulede 2020-09-04T16:44:18Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003520 plasma amylase activity leve CMO:0003520 The amount of enzymatic activity of amylase, a digestive enzyme that helps the body break down carbohydrates, in a specified sample of plasma. Both the salivary glands and the pancreas produce amylase. Blood amylase level is used to diagnose or monitor a problem with the pancreas. https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/amylase-test/ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324521 A calculated measurement in which the number of hypodiploid thymocytes displaying apoptotic features in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Hypodiploid is the condition of having slightly fewer than the diploid number of chromosomes and apoptosis is a programmed cell death process which proceeds through a series of specific biochemical events. slaulede 2020-09-08T12:40:29Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003521 apoptotic hypodiploid thymocyte count to total thymocyte count ratio CMO:0003521 A calculated measurement in which the number of hypodiploid thymocytes displaying apoptotic features in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Hypodiploid is the condition of having slightly fewer than the diploid number of chromosomes and apoptosis is a programmed cell death process which proceeds through a series of specific biochemical events. GO:0006915 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of thymocytes present in a sample of thymus for which a total thymocyte count was taken. slaulede 2020-09-08T12:48:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003522 calculated thymocyte count CMO:0003522 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of one or more of the various, specific types of thymocytes present in a sample of thymus for which a total thymocyte count was taken. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 A calculated measurement in which the number of G0 stage diploid thymocytes in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Diploid is the condition of having two sets of homologous chromosomes and G0 is a cell cycle quiescent stage . slaulede 2020-09-08T13:09:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003523 G0 stage diploid thymocyte count to total thymocyte count ratio CMO:0003523 A calculated measurement in which the number of G0 stage diploid thymocytes in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Diploid is the condition of having two sets of homologous chromosomes and G0 is a cell cycle quiescent stage . ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dictionary A calculated measurement in which the number of G2/M stage tetraploid thymocytes in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Tetraploid is the condition of having four sets of homologous chromosomes and G2/M is a cell cycle checkpoint which assures that mitosis doesn't proceed until DNA replication/repair is finished . slaulede 2020-09-08T13:55:53Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003524 G2/M stage tetraploid thymocyte count to total thymocyte count ratio CMO:0003524 A calculated measurement in which the number of G2/M stage tetraploid thymocytes in a specified sample of thymus is divided by the total number of thymocytes in the sample, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Tetraploid is the condition of having four sets of homologous chromosomes and G2/M is a cell cycle checkpoint which assures that mitosis doesn't proceed until DNA replication/repair is finished . ISBN-13:978-1416062578 PMID:12503848 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the measurement of the physical form or structure of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. slaulede 2020-09-10T14:53:39Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003525 calculated platelet morphological measurement CMO:0003525 A quantification which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the measurement of the physical form or structure of platelets, the disk-shaped structures found in the blood of mammals which play a vital role in blood coagulation. Platelets lack nuclei and DNA but contain active enzymes and mitochondria. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 ISBN:978-0-87779-809-5 A measurement of platelet anisocytosis calculated from the distribution of individual platelet volumes and reported as percentage. slaulede 2020-09-10T15:03:44Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003526 platelet distribution width (percentage) CMO:0003526 A measurement of platelet anisocytosis calculated from the distribution of individual platelet volumes and reported as percentage. QTLdb:CAP https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/immunology-and-microbiology/platelet-distribution-width The number of thymocytes expressing CD4 molecules but not CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. slaulede 2020-09-10T18:41:43Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003527 CD4+CD8- thymocyte count CMO:0003527 The number of thymocytes expressing CD4 molecules but not CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. slaulede 2020-09-11T13:55:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003528 CD4+CD8+ thymocyte count CMO:0003528 The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD8 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of thymocytes expressing CD8 molecules but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. slaulede 2020-09-11T13:58:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003529 CD4-CD8+ thymocyte count CMO:0003529 The number of thymocytes expressing CD8 molecules but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD8 molecule is a cell surface glycoprotein found on most cytotoxic T lymphocytes that mediates efficient cell-cell interactions within the immune system. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. slaulede 2020-09-11T14:40:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003530 CD4+CD25+ thymocyte count CMO:0003530 The number of thymocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of thymus tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. slaulede 2020-09-11T15:25:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003531 CD4+CD25+ splenocyte count CMO:0003531 The number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of splenocytes expressing CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. slaulede 2020-09-11T15:43:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003532 CD4+CD25- splenocyte count CMO:0003532 The number of splenocytes expressing CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 The number of splenocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes.. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. slaulede 2020-09-11T15:46:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003533 CD3+ splenocyte count CMO:0003533 The number of splenocytes expressing CD3 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen, the highly vascular lymphoid organ which serves to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes.. The CD3 complex, including five CD3 subunits, binds either TCR alpha/beta or TCR gamma/delta to form the TCR/CD3 complex on the surface of T-cells. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 RGD:736987 The number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD11B molecule (ITGAM, integrin alpha M chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 (Mac-1), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 (CR3). The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). slaulede 2020-09-11T16:07:04Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003534 CD11b/c+ splenocyte count CMO:0003534 The number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD11B molecule (ITGAM, integrin alpha M chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as macrophage receptor 1 (Mac-1), or inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 3 (CR3). The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). RGD:1343608 RGD:1348968 The number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes. slaulede 2020-09-11T17:36:28Z CD45 RA+ splenocyte count CD45RA splenocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003535 CD45RA+ splenocyte count CMO:0003535 The number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes. RGD:736371 https://seattlechildrenslab.testcatalog.org/show/CD45RA-RO A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mononuclear cell counts of the spleen, that is, the number of mononuclear cells (leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus) found in a specified sample of spleen. slaulede 2020-09-11T18:19:44Z calculated splenocyte count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003536 calculated spleen mononuclear cell count CMO:0003536 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mononuclear cell counts of the spleen, that is, the number of mononuclear cells (leukocytes such as lymphocytes and monocytes with a single round or oval nucleus) found in a specified sample of spleen. CL:0000842 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules, in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-09-11T18:36:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003537 CD4+CD25- splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CMO:0003537 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD4 molecules, but not CD25 molecules, in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-09-14T12:56:23Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003538 CD4+CD25+ splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CMO:0003538 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing both CD4 and CD25 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD3 molecules in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-09-14T13:00:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003539 CD3+ splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CMO:0003539 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing surface CD3 molecules in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 RGD:736987 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). slaulede 2020-09-14T13:23:03Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003540 CD11b/c+ splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CMO:0003540 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD11B and/or CD11C molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD11C molecule (ITGAX, integrin subunit alpha X chain) combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form a leukocyte-specific integrin referred to as inactivated-C3b (iC3b) receptor 4 (CR4). RGD:1343608 RGD:1348968 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes. slaulede 2020-09-14T13:30:41Z CD45 RA+ splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CD45RA splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003541 CD45RA+ splenocyte count to total splenocyte count ratio CMO:0003541 A calculated measurement in which the number of splenocytes expressing CD45RA molecules (PTPRC) on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue is divided by the number of total splenocytes in the same sample, and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The CD45RA molecule is the long isoform of CD45 and is expressed on naive T lymphocytes. RGD:736371 https://seattlechildrenslab.testcatalog.org/show/CD45RA-RO The number of splenocytes expressing CD25 molecules, but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. slaulede 2020-09-17T16:00:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003542 CD4-CD25+ splenocyte count CMO:0003542 The number of splenocytes expressing CD25 molecules, but not CD4 molecules on their surface in a specified sample of spleen tissue. The CD4 molecule acts as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor on the T lymphocyte to recognize antigens displayed by an antigen presenting cell in the context of class II MHC molecules. The CD25 molecule (IL2RA) is normally an integral-membrane protein, but soluble IL2RA has been isolated and determined to result from extracellular proteolysis. RGD:735285 RGD:735603 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified bacterial infection at a point in time or develop a specified parasitic infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A bacterial infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by bacteria, any of the unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and possess a cell wall. slaulede 2020-09-18T12:15:30Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003543 bacterial infection incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003543 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified bacterial infection at a point in time or develop a specified parasitic infection within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A bacterial infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by bacteria, any of the unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms that commonly multiply by cell division, lack a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, and possess a cell wall. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 ISBN:978-0-87779-809-5 Any measurement which deals with bacterial infections in terms of population, geography or demographics. slaulede 2020-09-18T12:23:15Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003544 bacterial infection population measurement CMO:0003544 Any measurement which deals with bacterial infections in terms of population, geography or demographics. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 ISBN:978-0-87779-809-5 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified bacterial infection at a point in time are counted. A Pasteurellaceae infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by any bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae, a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T12:29:15Z count of individuals in a study population displaying Pasteurellaceae infection at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003545 number of individuals in a study population displaying Pasteurellaceae infection at a point in time CMO:0003545 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a specified bacterial infection at a point in time are counted. A Pasteurellaceae infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by any bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae, a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurellaceae A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Pasteurellaceae infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Pasteurellaceae infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by any bacterial species of the family Pasteurellaceae, a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T13:25:04Z count of individuals in a study population developing Pasteurellaceae infection during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003546 number of individuals in a study population developing Pasteurellaceae infection during a period of time CMO:0003546 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Pasteurellaceae infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Pasteurellaceae infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by any bacterial species of the family Pasteurellaceae, a large family of Gram-negative bacteria including the genera Pasteurella and Haemophilus, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurellaceae A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Haemophilus H21 infection at a point in time are counted. A Haemophilus H21 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H21 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T13:46:12Z count of individuals in a study population displaying Haemophilus H21 infection at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003547 number of individuals in a study population displaying Haemophilus H21 infection at a point in time CMO:0003547 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Haemophilus H21 infection at a point in time are counted. A Haemophilus H21 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H21 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/haemophilus A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Haemophilus H35 infection at a point in time are counted. A Haemophilus H35 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H35 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T13:54:32Z count of individuals in a study population displaying Haemophilus H35 infection at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003548 number of individuals in a study population displaying Haemophilus H35 infection at a point in time CMO:0003548 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Haemophilus H35 infection at a point in time are counted. A Haemophilus H35 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H35 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/haemophilus A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection at a point in time are counted. A Pasteurella pneumotropica infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by Pasteurella pneumotropica. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a species of Pasteurella, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T13:58:52Z count of individuals in a study population displaying Pasteurella pneumotropica infection at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003549 number of individuals in a study population displaying Pasteurella pneumotropica infection at a point in time CMO:0003549 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection at a point in time are counted. A Pasteurella pneumotropica infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by Pasteurella pneumotropica. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a species of Pasteurella, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pasteurella-infections A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Haemophilus H21 infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Haemophilus H21 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H21 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T14:06:34Z count of individuals in a study population developing Haemophilus H21 infection during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003550 number of individuals in a study population developing Haemophilus H21 infection during a period of time CMO:0003550 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Haemophilus H21 infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Haemophilus H21 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H21 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/haemophilus A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Haemophilus H35 infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Haemophilus H35 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H35 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T14:19:25Z count of individuals in a study population developing Haemophilus H35 infection during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003551 number of individuals in a study population developing Haemophilus H35 infection during a period of time CMO:0003551 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Haemophilus H35 infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Haemophilus H35 infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by the H35 strain of Haemophilus, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/haemophilus A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Pasteurella pneumotropica infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by Pasteurella pneumotropica. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a species of Pasteurella, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. slaulede 2020-09-18T17:22:48Z count of individuals in a study population developing Pasteurella pneumotropica infection during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003552 number of individuals in a study population developing Pasteurella pneumotropica infection during a period of time CMO:0003552 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop a Pasteurella pneumotropica infection within a determined period of time are counted. A Pasteurella pneumotropica infection is the invasion and colonization of one or more tissues in the body by Pasteurella pneumotropica. Pasteurella pneumotropica is a species of Pasteurella, a genus of Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria, some of which are pathogenic. PMID:16197708 https://www.uptodate.com/contents/pasteurella-infections The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the lining of/or within the peritoneal cavity. slaulede 2020-09-22T16:45:24Z IP tumor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003553 intraperitoneal tumor measurement CMO:0003553 The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the lining of/or within the peritoneal cavity. ISBN-13:978-0877798071 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/intraperitoneal The weight of metastatic tumors in the peritoneum. A metastatic tumor in the peritoneum is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the peritoneum from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-09-22T17:01:11Z metastatic IP tumor weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003554 metastatic intraperitoneal tumor weight CMO:0003554 The weight of metastatic tumors in the peritoneum. A metastatic tumor in the peritoneum is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the peritoneum from the place where they first formed. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the value for the level of glucose in the same sample of plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-09-29T17:46:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003555 plasma insulin level to plasma glucose level ratio CMO:0003555 A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of insulin in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the value for the level of glucose in the same sample of plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of plasma. slaulede 2020-09-29T17:50:59Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003556 calculated plasma glucose level CMO:0003556 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the amount of glucose in a specified sample of plasma. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total number of cells in a specified sample of retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. slaulede 2020-10-01T17:04:03Z CMO:0000320 retinal cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003557 retina cell count CMO:0003557 The total number of cells in a specified sample of retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. CL:0009004 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total number of horizontal cells in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. slaulede 2020-10-01T17:15:54Z horizontal cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003558 retina horizontal cell count CMO:0003558 The total number of horizontal cells in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. CL:0000745 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina horizontal cell count from one or both retinas. slaulede 2020-10-01T17:21:06Z calculated horizontal cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003559 calculated retina horizontal cell count CMO:0003559 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina horizontal cell count from one or both retinas. CL:0000745 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of horizontal cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. slaulede 2020-10-01T17:43:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003560 central retina horizontal cell count to area ratio CMO:0003560 A calculated measurement in which the number of horizontal cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. CL:0000745 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 PMID:20127257 A calculated measurement in which the number of horizontal cells in the peripheral retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. slaulede 2020-10-01T17:53:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003561 peripheral retina horizontal cell count to area ratio CMO:0003561 A calculated measurement in which the number of horizontal cells in the peripheral retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer of the retina. CL:0000745 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 PMID:20127257 The total number of rod bipolar cells in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. slaulede 2020-10-01T18:16:00Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003562 retina rod bipolar cell count CMO:0003562 The total number of rod bipolar cells in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. CL:0000751 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina rod bipolar cell count from one or both retinas. slaulede 2020-10-01T18:19:35Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003563 calculated retina rod bipolar cell count CMO:0003563 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the retina rod bipolar cell count from one or both retinas. CL:0000751 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of rod bipolar cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the central retina. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. slaulede 2020-10-01T18:24:49Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003564 central retina rod bipolar cell count to area ratio CMO:0003564 A calculated measurement in which the number of rod bipolar cells in the central retina is divided by the total area of the central retina. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. CL:0000751 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of rod bipolar cells in the peripheral retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. slaulede 2020-10-01T18:28:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003565 peripheral retina rod bipolar cell count to area ratio CMO:0003565 A calculated measurement in which the number of rod bipolar cells in the peripheral retina is divided by the total area of the peripheral retina. A rod bipolar cell is a neuron that is synapsed by rod photoreceptor cells but not by cone photoreceptor cells. CL:0000751 ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation. slaulede 2020-10-02T16:49:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003566 measurement of minimal stimulus needed to elicit evasive reaction CMO:0003566 A measurement of thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation. PMID:21682605 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociception https://www.physio-pedia.com/Nociception A measurement of the pressure of liquid, gas, or solid stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation. This measurement is often interpreted as the threshold of pain. slaulede 2020-10-02T17:06:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003567 measurement of minimal mechanical stimulus needed to elicit evasive reaction CMO:0003567 A measurement of the pressure of liquid, gas, or solid stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation. This measurement is often interpreted as the threshold of pain. PMID:21682605 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociception https://www.physio-pedia.com/Nociception Measurement of the total number of adult, that is, fully developed, Schistosoma mansoni trematode worms recovered from a specified sample or perfusate of liver from an infected subject. slaulede 2020-10-05T13:45:06Z D012552 PMID:1719096 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003568 liver adult Schistosoma mansoni worm count CMO:0003568 Measurement of the total number of adult, that is, fully developed, Schistosoma mansoni trematode worms recovered from a specified sample or perfusate of liver from an infected subject. MESH:D012552 A measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the Schistosomiasis disease state, i.e. infection with trematode worms of Schistosomiasis mansoni), has been reduced in a population as a result of some intervening treatment. slaulede 2020-10-05T13:59:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003569 percent protection by treatment for Schistosoma mansoni CMO:0003569 A measurement of the degree to which the presentation of the Schistosomiasis disease state, i.e. infection with trematode worms of Schistosomiasis mansoni), has been reduced in a population as a result of some intervening treatment. PMID:1719096 https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/schistosomiasis/index.html Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display intestine tumors at a point in time or develop intestine tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. slaulede 2020-10-06T18:00:34Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003570 intestine tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003570 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display intestine tumors at a point in time or develop intestine tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. slaulede 2020-10-06T18:03:51Z intestinal tumor measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003571 intestine tumor measurement CMO:0003571 The quantification of a parameter related to an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occurs in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The number of new cases of intestine tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. slaulede 2020-10-06T18:14:34Z intestinal tumor incidence intestine tumor incidence percentage of study population developing intestinal tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003572 percentage of study population developing intestine tumors during a period of time CMO:0003572 The number of new cases of intestine tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The number of individuals in a study population which display intestine tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. slaulede 2020-10-06T18:20:22Z intestinal tumor prevalence intestine tumor prevalence percentage of study population displaying intestinal tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003573 percentage of study population displaying intestine tumors at a point in time CMO:0003573 The number of individuals in a study population which display intestine tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage or ratio. Intestine tumors are abnormal growths of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function, which occur in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement of iron, a heavy metal element that is vital to many biological processes, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, conversion of sugars into glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats, and synthesis of serum proteins. slaulede 2020-10-08T15:30:34Z EFO:0010056 liver iron measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003574 liver iron measurement CMO:0003574 Any measurement of iron, a heavy metal element that is vital to many biological processes, in liver, the large, dark-red organ located in the cranial portion of the abdomen of vertebrates, just behind or below the diaphragm, the functions of which include storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, detoxification of noxious substances, conversion of sugars into glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats, and synthesis of serum proteins. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the amount of the iron, a heavy metal element that is vital to many biological processes, in a specified sample of liver. slaulede 2020-10-08T15:59:26Z liver iron level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003575 liver iron amount CMO:0003575 Measurement of the amount of the iron, a heavy metal element that is vital to many biological processes, in a specified sample of liver. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the amount of the iron in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-10-08T16:30:26Z calculated liver iron level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003576 calculated liver iron amount CMO:0003576 A measurement of the amount of the iron in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-10-08T16:33:55Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003577 liver iron weight to liver weight ratio CMO:0003577 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver tumorous lesion sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-10-08T16:43:06Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003578 liver tumorous lesion iron weight to liver tumorous lesion weight ratio CMO:0003578 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver tumorous lesion sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver metastastic tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver metastastic tumorous lesion sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-10-08T16:50:42Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003579 liver iron weight to liver metastastic tumorous lesion weight ratio CMO:0003579 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of liver metastastic tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver metastastic tumorous lesion sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the physical characteristics (volume, pH, chemical composition, etc.) of tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands by means of which the conjunctiva and cornea are kept moist. slaulede 2020-10-12T16:22:12Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003580 tear morphological measurement CMO:0003580 Measurement of the physical characteristics (volume, pH, chemical composition, etc.) of tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands by means of which the conjunctiva and cornea are kept moist. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space of tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands by means of which the conjunctiva and cornea are kept moist. slaulede 2020-10-12T17:02:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003581 tear volume measurement CMO:0003581 Any measurement of the size of the three dimensional space of tears, the fluid secreted by the lacrimal glands by means of which the conjunctiva and cornea are kept moist. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by tears produced by an organism. slaulede 2020-10-12T17:17:05Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003582 calculated tear volume measurement CMO:0003582 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by tears produced by an organism. ISBN-13:978-0877798071 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measure of tears secreted per unit time. slaulede 2020-10-12T17:25:51Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003583 tear secretion rate CMO:0003583 A measure of tears secreted per unit time. PMID:17251454 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This measurement involves thermal, chemical, or mechanical stimulation of the cornea until the induction of eye blinking. slaulede 2020-10-13T13:48:12Z corneal sensation measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003584 measurement of minimal stimulus of cornea needed to elicit eyelid blinking CMO:0003584 This measurement involves thermal, chemical, or mechanical stimulation of the cornea until the induction of eye blinking. PMID:17251454 https://eyewiki.aao.org/Corneal_Esthesiometry Any measurement of the degree to which infection by or the presence of a parasite has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which a parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of invasive organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, or parasites) in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. slaulede 2020-10-13T14:41:09Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003585 parasitic infection population measurement CMO:0003585 Any measurement of the degree to which infection by or the presence of a parasite has caused pain or damage, or of the degree to which a parasite has established lesions or infectious colonies, and/or taken over or interfered with the normal functioning of the body as a whole, or of one or more organs, tissues, cells or subcellular mechanisms of an organism. An infection is invasion and multiplication of invasive organisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, or parasites) in body tissues, especially that causing local cellular injury due to competitive metabolism, toxins, intracellular replication, or antigen-antibody response. A parasite is an organism that grows, feeds, and is sheltered on or in a different organism while contributing nothing to the survival of its host and possibly causing damage to that host. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lymphomatous lesion, or of the amount of the surrounding tissue occupied by tumorous lesions. A lymphoma is a tumor, usually malignant, made up of lymphocytes from lymphoid tissue or blood-forming organs. slaulede 2020-10-22T13:47:33Z lymphomatous lesion size measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003586 lymphoma size measurement CMO:0003586 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumorous lymphomatous lesion, or of the amount of the surrounding tissue occupied by tumorous lesions. A lymphoma is a tumor, usually malignant, made up of lymphocytes from lymphoid tissue or blood-forming organs. DOID:0060058 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a lymphomatous lesion, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of lymphocytes in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. slaulede 2020-10-22T15:02:17Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003587 calculated lymphoma size measurement CMO:0003587 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process of a lymphomatous lesion, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of lymphocytes in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. DOID:0060058 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value (size of the tumor at the start of therapy minus minimal obtained tumor size, divided by tumor size at the start of therapy x 100) in which the maximum size reduction of a lymphoma is divided by the pretreatment size of the lymphoma and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the pretreatment size of the lymphoma. slaulede 2020-10-22T15:30:24Z PMID:6683993 % of maximal tumor load reduction clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003588 maximum tumor size decrease to pretreatment tumor size ratio CMO:0003588 A calculated value (size of the tumor at the start of therapy minus minimal obtained tumor size, divided by tumor size at the start of therapy x 100) in which the maximum size reduction of a lymphoma is divided by the pretreatment size of the lymphoma and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus normalizing it to the pretreatment size of the lymphoma. DOID:0060058 PMID:6683993 The length of time elapsed between the beginning of drug therapy and the regrowth of immunocytoma(s). slaulede 2020-10-22T16:43:30Z PMID:6683993 time from start of drug therapy to lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma regrowth clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003589 time from start of drug therapy to immunocytoma regrowth CMO:0003589 The length of time elapsed between the beginning of drug therapy and the regrowth of immunocytoma(s). DOID:0050747 ISBN-13:978-1608316922 The elapsed time between the maximal therapy-induced tumor size reduction to regrowth of the tumor to a diameter of ten millimeters. slaulede 2020-10-22T16:57:48Z PMID:6683993 time from therapy-induced maximal lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma size decrease to regrowth of tumor to a diameter of 10 mm clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003590 time from therapy-induced maximal immunocytoma size decrease to regrowth of tumor to a diameter of 10 mm CMO:0003590 The elapsed time between the maximal therapy-induced tumor size reduction to regrowth of the tumor to a diameter of ten millimeters. DOID:0050747 ISBN-13:978-1608316922 The weight of all or part of a soleus muscle, a deep muscle of the triceps surae group, in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. slaulede 2020-10-26T16:55:19Z absolute soleus mass soleus weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003591 soleus muscle weight CMO:0003591 The weight of all or part of a soleus muscle, a deep muscle of the triceps surae group, in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. UBERON:0001389 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of the soleus muscle is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. slaulede 2020-10-26T17:24:05Z soleus weight to body weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003592 soleus muscle weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003592 A calculated measurement in which the weight of the soleus muscle is divided by the total weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thereby normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. UBERON:0001389 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total number of capillaries divided by the total number of skeletal muscle fibers within each soleus muscle histological cross&#8208;section. slaulede 2020-10-26T17:33:21Z PMID:24917153 capillary count to soleus muscle fiber count ratio capillary&#8208;to&#8208;soleus muscle fiber ratio soleus muscle capillary&#8208;to&#8208;fiber ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003593 capillary number to soleus muscle fiber number ratio CMO:0003593 The total number of capillaries divided by the total number of skeletal muscle fibers within each soleus muscle histological cross&#8208;section. PMID:24917153 UBERON:0001389 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified volume of urine is divided by the osmolality of the same sample of urine. slaulede 2020-10-26T18:46:52Z PMID:25680709 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003594 urine albumin level to urine osmolality ratio CMO:0003594 A calculated measurement in which the amount of albumin in a specified volume of urine is divided by the osmolality of the same sample of urine. PMID:25680709 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. slaulede 2020-11-02T17:45:13Z PMID:22661893 hSIr hepatic SI ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003595 liver MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio CMO:0003595 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. slaulede 2020-11-02T18:12:08Z lver tumor SI ratio tSIr tumor SI ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003596 liver tumor MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio CMO:0003596 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A measurement of any parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2020-11-02T18:15:05Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003597 calculated morphological liver measurement CMO:0003597 A measurement of any parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A PD-weighted image relies on the proton density of the imaged material. slaulede 2020-11-09T16:51:39Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003598 liver MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio (PD-weighted) CMO:0003598 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A PD-weighted image relies on the proton density of the imaged material. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A characteristic of a T2-weighted image is the high intensity signal of water versus a low intensity signal of bone or air. slaulede 2020-11-09T17:28:20Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003599 liver MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio (T2-weighted) CMO:0003599 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from healthy liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A characteristic of a T2-weighted image is the high intensity signal of water versus a low intensity signal of bone or air. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A PD-weighted image relies on the proton density of the imaged material. slaulede 2020-11-12T13:09:47Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003600 liver tumor MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio (PD-weighted) CMO:0003600 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A PD-weighted image relies on the proton density of the imaged material. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A characteristic of a T2-weighted image is the high intensity signal of water versus a low intensity signal of bone or air. slaulede 2020-11-12T13:15:45Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003601 liver tumor MRI signal intensity to paravertebral muscle MRI signal intensity ratio (T2-weighted) CMO:0003601 A calculated value in which the signal intensity value from tumorous liver tissue is divided by the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle of the same subject and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the signal intensity value from paravertebral muscle. A characteristic of a T2-weighted image is the high intensity signal of water versus a low intensity signal of bone or air. PMID:22661893 https://www.startradiology.com/the-basics/mri-technique/index.html A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of wet liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-11-12T13:59:21Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003602 liver iron weight to liver wet weight ratio CMO:0003602 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of wet liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:22661893 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of dessicated liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dry weight of the liver may also be estimated by subtracting the weight of water in the liver sample from the total weight of the liver sample. slaulede 2020-11-12T14:04:34Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003603 liver iron weight to liver dry weight ratio CMO:0003603 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of dessicated liver is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dry weight of the liver may also be estimated by subtracting the weight of water in the liver sample from the total weight of the liver sample. PMID:22661893 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of wet liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2020-11-12T14:55:22Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003604 liver tumorous lesion iron weight to liver tumorous lesion wet weight ratio CMO:0003604 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of wet liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:22661893 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of dessicated liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dry weight of the liver tumorous lesion may also be estimated by subtracting the weight of water in the liver tumorous lesion sample from the total weight of the liver tumorous lesion sample. slaulede 2020-11-12T15:00:00Z PMID:22661893 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003605 liver tumorous lesion iron weight to liver tumorous lesion dry weight ratio CMO:0003605 A calculated measurement in which the weight of iron in a specified sample of dessicated liver tumorous lesion is divided by the weight of that liver sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The dry weight of the liver tumorous lesion may also be estimated by subtracting the weight of water in the liver tumorous lesion sample from the total weight of the liver tumorous lesion sample. PMID:22661893 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of nifedipine, a potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action, in a specified sample of plasma. slaulede 2020-11-13T17:23:28Z CHEBI:7565 MESH:D009543 Adalat Procardia clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003606 calculated plasma nifedipine level CMO:0003606 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of nifedipine, a potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action, in a specified sample of plasma. MESH:D009543 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids and are widespread in adipose tissue. slaulede 2020-11-13T18:08:37Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003607 calculated plasma triglyceride level CMO:0003607 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids and are widespread in adipose tissue. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. slaulede 2020-11-13T18:12:27Z plasma triglyceride level AUC clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003608 plasma triglyceride level area under curve CMO:0003608 A calculated measurement in which a series of measurements of the amount of triglycerides in a specified volume of plasma is plotted against time for a single individual and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://revisionmaths.com/advanced-level-maths-revision/pure-maths/calculus/area-under-curve The weight of one or more metastatic tumors measured after growing in the hypodermis, any subcutaneous position in the body. A metastatic subcutaneous tumor is a secondary, abnormal, subcutaneous growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-11-30T17:38:30Z metastatic SQ tumor weight metastatic s.c. tumor weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003609 metastatic subcutaneous tumor weight CMO:0003609 The weight of one or more metastatic tumors measured after growing in the hypodermis, any subcutaneous position in the body. A metastatic subcutaneous tumor is a secondary, abnormal, subcutaneous growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells from the place where they first formed. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/metastasis A value or quantity determined by count of metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-12-04T17:56:28Z metastatic hepatic tumor count metastatic hepatic tumor number metastatic liver tumor count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003610 metastatic liver tumor number CMO:0003610 A value or quantity determined by count of metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-12-04T18:10:15Z count of liver micrometastases PMID:18028954 count of metastatic liver tumors < 1 mm count of small metastatic liver tumors number of small metastatic tumors found in the liver small metastatic liver tumor count small metastatic liver tumor number clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003611 number of small metastatic liver tumors CMO:0003611 A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. PMID:18028954 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A value or quantity determined by count of medium-sized (1-3 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-12-04T18:16:42Z PMID:18028954 count of medium-sized metastatic liver tumors medium-sized metastatic liver tumor count medium-sized metastatic liver tumor number clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003612 number of medium-sized metastatic liver tumors CMO:0003612 A value or quantity determined by count of medium-sized (1-3 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. PMID:18028954 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A value or quantity determined by count of large (> 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2020-12-04T18:23:43Z PMID:18028954 count of large metastatic liver tumors count of liver macrometastases count of metastatic liver tumors > 3 mm large metastatic liver tumor count large metastatic liver tumor number clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003613 number of large metastatic liver tumors CMO:0003613 A value or quantity determined by count of large (> 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. PMID:18028954 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a red blood cell (erythrocyte) or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. Red blood cells are the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues. slaulede 2020-12-08T14:07:15Z PMID:23799078 erythrocyte molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003614 red blood cell molecular composition measurement CMO:0003614 Any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a red blood cell (erythrocyte) or of all of the red blood cells in a sample of blood. Red blood cells are the hemoglobin-containing blood cells that transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ In the physiology of the kidney, free water reabsorption is the volume of water reabsorbed by the blood plasma from the kidney per unit time. A free water reabsorption of zero means the kidney is producing urine isotonic with respect to the plasma. Values greater than zero for free water reabsorption imply that the kidney is producing concentrated urine through the excretion of water with a high level of solutes. slaulede 2020-12-17T17:58:15Z PMID:23955305 kidney water reabsorption nephron water absorption renal water absorption renal water reabsorption clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003615 free water reabsorption CMO:0003615 In the physiology of the kidney, free water reabsorption is the volume of water reabsorbed by the blood plasma from the kidney per unit time. A free water reabsorption of zero means the kidney is producing urine isotonic with respect to the plasma. Values greater than zero for free water reabsorption imply that the kidney is producing concentrated urine through the excretion of water with a high level of solutes. PMID:23955305 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value for free water reabsorption is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. slaulede 2020-12-18T11:13:57Z PMID:23955305 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003616 free water reabsorption level to body weight ratio CMO:0003616 A calculated measurement in which the value for free water reabsorption is divided by the total body weight of the organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight. PMID:23955305 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney cortex tissue. slaulede 2020-12-18T11:28:46Z CHEBI:16336 PMID:23955305 renal cortex hyaluronic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003617 kidney cortex hyaluronic acid level CMO:0003617 The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney cortex tissue. CHEBI:16336 ISBN-13:978-1455756438 The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney papillary tissue. slaulede 2020-12-18T11:45:56Z CHEBI:16336 PMID:23955305 renal papilla hyaluronic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003618 kidney papilla hyaluronic acid level CMO:0003618 The amount of hyaluronic acid, a mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits found in the connective tissues of vertebrates, found in a specified sample of kidney papillary tissue. CHEBI:16336 ISBN-13:978-1455756438 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more nephrons in the kidney. A nephron is made up of a glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and collecting duct. A nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney and its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. slaulede 2020-12-18T17:12:36Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003619 nephron morphological measurement CMO:0003619 Measurement of the physical form or structure of one or more nephrons in the kidney. A nephron is made up of a glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and collecting duct. A nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney and its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. UBERON:0001285 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total number of nephrons in a kidney. A nephron is made up of a glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and collecting duct. A nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney and its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. slaulede 2020-12-18T17:34:00Z nephron number total number of nephrons clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003620 nephron count CMO:0003620 The total number of nephrons in a kidney. A nephron is made up of a glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and collecting duct. A nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney and its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine. UBERON:0001285 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney cortex is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. slaulede 2020-12-22T18:32:37Z ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 PMID:23955305 renal cortex hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003621 kidney cortex hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0003621 A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney cortex is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CMO:0002224 ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney papillary tissue is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. slaulede 2020-12-22T18:37:43Z ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 PMID:23955305 renal papilla hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003622 kidney papilla hyaluronidase activity to total protein level ratio CMO:0003622 A calculated measurement in which the level of hyaluronidase enzyme activity in a specified sample of kidney papillary tissue is divided by the weight of total protein in that sample. Hyaluronidase is a term applied to a group of very dissimilar enzymes that degrade hyaluronan (HA, hyaluronic acid), a high-molecular-weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix. CMO:0002224 ISBN:978-1-59259-209-8 The average length of a line which crosses a transverse view of the left anterior descending artery, one of the two branches of the left coronary artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. slaulede 2021-01-04T15:26:49Z PMID:22508433 AIV external diameter LAD artery outer diameter anterior interventricular artery external diameter left anterior descending artery external diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003623 left anterior descending artery outer diameter CMO:0003623 The average length of a line which crosses a transverse view of the left anterior descending artery, one of the two branches of the left coronary artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. https://radiopaedia.org https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The average length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a coronary septal artery, a branch of the left anterior descending artery that supplies blood to the interventricular septum of the heart, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. slaulede 2021-01-04T15:36:47Z PMID:22508433 coronary septal perforator external diameter coronary septal perforator outer diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003624 coronary septal artery outer diameter CMO:0003624 The average length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a coronary septal artery, a branch of the left anterior descending artery that supplies blood to the interventricular septum of the heart, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. https://radiopaedia.org https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. slaulede 2021-01-04T17:10:09Z PMID:22508433 MCA external diameter MCA outer diameter middle cerebral artery external diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003625 middle cerebral artery outer diameter CMO:0003625 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a middle cerebral artery, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the blood vessel wall. The middle cerebral arteries are the largest of the cerebral arteries and supply blood to the lateral cerebral cortex, anterior temporal lobes and insular cortices of the brain. https://radiopaedia.org https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the white matter of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. slaulede 2021-01-05T16:00:44Z PMID:24549186 PMID:30899601 brain white matter PtO2 measurement brain white matter partial pressure of oxygen measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003626 partial pressure of brain white matter oxygen CMO:0003626 The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the white matter of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. PMID:24549186 PMID:30899601 The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the gray matter of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. slaulede 2021-01-05T16:37:37Z PMID:24549186 PMID:30899601 artial pressure of brain grey matter oxygen brain gray matter PtO2 measurement brain gray matter partial pressure of oxygen measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003627 partial pressure of brain gray matter oxygen CMO:0003627 The quantification of interstitial oxygen in the gray matter of the brain, the portion of the central nervous system enclosed within the cranium which is composed of gray matter and white matter and is the primary center for the regulation and control of bodily activities.The brain tissue partial pressure of oxygen (PtO2) depends on the cerebral metabolic rate (CMR), the local cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the systemic exposure of hypoxia. PMID:24549186 PMID:30899601 This index is the first order rate constant, k(cl), which describes the clearance of an extracellular contrast agent (Gd-DTPA (gadopentetic acid), Gd-DOTA (gadoteric acid), or gadoterate meglumine (organoammonium salt of gadoteric acid) from renal cortex to outer medulla as calculated according to the following equation: k(cl)=(dc[medulla]/dt)/c[cortex]. The concentration in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) is compared to the concentration in the medulla (predominantly urine). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. slaulede 2021-01-07T13:50:01Z PMID:10913720 PMID:14561850 K(cl) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003628 glomerular filtration rate index CMO:0003628 This index is the first order rate constant, k(cl), which describes the clearance of an extracellular contrast agent (Gd-DTPA (gadopentetic acid), Gd-DOTA (gadoteric acid), or gadoterate meglumine (organoammonium salt of gadoteric acid) from renal cortex to outer medulla as calculated according to the following equation: k(cl)=(dc[medulla]/dt)/c[cortex]. The concentration in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) is compared to the concentration in the medulla (predominantly urine). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. PMID:10913720 PMID:14561850 An index which describes the uptake of contrast agent by the renal cortex. It is the time at which contrast concentration reaches its maximum. slaulede 2021-01-07T14:07:27Z PMID:14561850 TTP cortical uptake time to peak cortical uptake clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003629 renal perfusion index CMO:0003629 An index which describes the uptake of contrast agent by the renal cortex. It is the time at which contrast concentration reaches its maximum. PMID:14561850 https://radiopaedia.org The total number of experimental albuminuria subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Albuminuria is the increased presence of albumin in the urine, indicative of kidney disease. slaulede 2021-01-07T14:55:52Z HP:0012592 PMID:14561850 incidence of albuminuria survivors percentage of albuminuria survivors in a study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003630 ratio of survivors of severe albuminuria to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003630 The total number of experimental albuminuria subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Albuminuria is the increased presence of albumin in the urine, indicative of kidney disease. MESH:D000419 PMID:14561850 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The concentration of a contrast agent in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) from multiple areas of both kidneys is compared to the concentration in multiple areas of the medulla (predominantly urine) of both kidneys to obtain the first order rate constant, k(cl). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. slaulede 2021-01-07T18:35:31Z PMID:14561850 multi-regional GFR multi-regional K(cl) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003631 multiregional glomerular filtration rate index CMO:0003631 The concentration of a contrast agent in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) from multiple areas of both kidneys is compared to the concentration in multiple areas of the medulla (predominantly urine) of both kidneys to obtain the first order rate constant, k(cl). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. PMID:10913720 PMID:14561850 The concentration of a contrast agent in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) from limited areas of one kidney is compared to the concentration in limited areas of the medulla (predominantly urine) of the same kidney to obtain the first order rate constant, k(cl). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. slaulede 2021-01-07T18:50:18Z PMID:14561850 regional GFR regional K(cl) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003632 regional glomerular filtration rate index CMO:0003632 The concentration of a contrast agent in the cortex (predominantly blood signal) from limited areas of one kidney is compared to the concentration in limited areas of the medulla (predominantly urine) of the same kidney to obtain the first order rate constant, k(cl). The clearance of the contrast agent can serve as a marker for the glomerular filtration rate. PMID:10913720 PMID:14561850 Measurement of the amount of time between the beginning of life of an ileocecal immunocytoma-free organism and the permanent and irreversible cessation of the vital functions of that organism. slaulede 2021-01-08T18:17:38Z PMID:7370971 lifespan of ileocecal immunocytoma-free subjects clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003633 age at time of death of ileocecal immunocytoma-free subjects CMO:0003633 Measurement of the amount of time between the beginning of life of an ileocecal immunocytoma-free organism and the permanent and irreversible cessation of the vital functions of that organism. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7370971 The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of an ileocecal immunocytoma during the lifetime of a subject. slaulede 2021-01-08T18:41:29Z PMID:7370971 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003634 ileocecal immunocytoma latency period CMO:0003634 The amount of time to the first discernible appearance of an ileocecal immunocytoma during the lifetime of a subject. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7370971 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement of the ability of the kidney glomerulus to keep albumin out of the urine by its filtering function. It is the ratio of the albumin concentration in the filtrate (in Bowman’s space) to the albumin concentration in the plasma (in the glomerular capillaries). The equation to derive this sieving value is based on fluorescence values from intravital multiphoton microscopy: (intensity of Bowman’s space – intensity of background Bowman’s space)/(intensity of capillaries – intensity of background capillaries). slaulede 2021-01-15T11:18:28Z PMID:25680709 GSCA clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003635 glomerular sieving coefficient for albumin CMO:0003635 This is a calculated measurement of the ability of the kidney glomerulus to keep albumin out of the urine by its filtering function. It is the ratio of the albumin concentration in the filtrate (in Bowman’s space) to the albumin concentration in the plasma (in the glomerular capillaries). The equation to derive this sieving value is based on fluorescence values from intravital multiphoton microscopy: (intensity of Bowman’s space – intensity of background Bowman’s space)/(intensity of capillaries – intensity of background capillaries). PMID:25680709 A microscopic measure of the amount of albumin reabsorbed by the proximal tubule per area of proximal tubule, where a fluorescent intensity value represents the amount of albumin reabsorbed per square area of proximal tubule. slaulede 2021-01-15T15:22:29Z PMID:25680709 proximal tubular albumin uptake clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003636 proximal tubule albumin uptake to tubule area ratio CMO:0003636 A microscopic measure of the amount of albumin reabsorbed by the proximal tubule per area of proximal tubule, where a fluorescent intensity value represents the amount of albumin reabsorbed per square area of proximal tubule. ISBN:9780323086912 PMID:25680709 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of blood. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. slaulede 2021-01-22T14:04:29Z glucagon-like peptide-1 measurement CHEBI:80270 EFO:0008465 MESH:D052216 PubChem_CID:16135499 blood GLP-1(7-37) level blood GLP-1-(7-36) level blood glucagon-like peptide-1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003637 blood glucagon-like peptide 1 level CMO:0003637 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of blood. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. MESH:D052216 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. slaulede 2021-01-22T14:12:49Z CHEBI:80270 MESH:D052216 plasma GLP-1(7-37) level plasma GLP-1-(7-36) level plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003638 plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 level CMO:0003638 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. MESH:D052216 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. slaulede 2021-01-22T14:16:48Z CHEBI:80270 MESH:D052216 serum GLP-1(7-37) level serum GLP-1-(7-36) level serum glucagon-like peptide-1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003639 serum glucagon-like peptide 1 level CMO:0003639 The amount of glucagon-like peptide 1, a peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake. MESH:D052216 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of blood. slaulede 2021-01-22T15:18:00Z blood incretin hormone level RGD:1353884 blood GIP level blood gastric inhibitory peptide level blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003640 blood gastric inhibitory polypeptide level CMO:0003640 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of blood. ISSN:0083-6729 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2021-01-22T15:28:54Z plasma incretin hormone level RGD:1353884 plasma GIP level plasma gastric inhibitory peptide level plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003641 plasma gastric inhibitory polypeptide level CMO:0003641 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. ISSN:0083-6729 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. slaulede 2021-01-22T15:49:09Z serum incretin hormone level RGD:1353884 serum GIP level serum gastric inhibitory peptide level serum glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003642 serum gastric inhibitory polypeptide level CMO:0003642 The amount of gastric inhibitory polypeptide, a 42-amino-acid hormone that is produced by enteroendocrine K-cells and released into the circulation in response to nutrient stimulation, in a specified volume of serum, the clear liquid that separates from blood after it has clotted completely, i.e. blood plasma from which fibrinogen has been removed. ISSN:0083-6729 A calculated measurement in which the average area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by podocytes is divided by the total area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft. It is a measure of how much capillary area is directly exposed to the urinary space of Bowman's capsule. slaulede 2021-01-28T13:10:18Z PMID:16400008 percentage of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by podocytes to total area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft ratio of area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by body of podocytes to total area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft ratio of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by body of podocytes to total glomerular capillary peripheral tuft clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003643 ratio of area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by podocytes to total area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft CMO:0003643 A calculated measurement in which the average area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft not covered by podocytes is divided by the total area of glomerular capillary peripheral tuft. It is a measure of how much capillary area is directly exposed to the urinary space of Bowman's capsule. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:16400008 Measurement of spontaneous locomotor activity, that is any locomotor movements during a period of time. slaulede 2021-02-02T14:00:56Z PMID:25903955 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003644 number of spontaneous locomotor movements per unit time CMO:0003644 Measurement of spontaneous locomotor activity, that is any locomotor movements during a period of time. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The average measurements of planes through hyperplastic lesions of the tunica intima and tunica media, that is, a cross-section of the arterial wall from endothelium through the external elastic lamina. A hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue resulting from an increased rate of cellular division due to injury or disease. slaulede 2021-02-04T17:20:24Z PMID:10364562 artery intimal hyperplastic lesion area including tunica media clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003645 artery neointimal hyperplastic lesion area including tunica media CMO:0003645 The average measurements of planes through hyperplastic lesions of the tunica intima and tunica media, that is, a cross-section of the arterial wall from endothelium through the external elastic lamina. A hyperplastic lesion is a localized pathological increase in the number of cells of an organ or tissue resulting from an increased rate of cellular division due to injury or disease. ISBN:978-1416049982 The circular vessel area of an artery is the area of the tunica intima with a patent lumen. Because arteries sometimes collapse during experimental processing, the circular vessel area (CA) can be calculated by measuring a length of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of an artery and applying the following formula: CA=(IEL x IEL)/4&#960;. slaulede 2021-02-04T17:56:08Z PMID:10364562 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003646 circular vessel area CMO:0003646 The circular vessel area of an artery is the area of the tunica intima with a patent lumen. Because arteries sometimes collapse during experimental processing, the circular vessel area (CA) can be calculated by measuring a length of the internal elastic lamina (IEL) of an artery and applying the following formula: CA=(IEL x IEL)/4&#960;. PMID:10364562 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of blood vessel area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2021-02-04T18:41:32Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003647 calculated blood vessel area CMO:0003647 A measurement of blood vessel area which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation. PMID:10364562 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more tubulointerstitial lesion(s) of the kidney at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. The lesions may involve tubular atrophy, tubular dilatation, interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrates, interstitial fibrosis or other pathology. slaulede 2021-02-05T10:07:30Z PMID:27062392 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003648 kidney tubulointerstitial damage incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003648 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display one or more tubulointerstitial lesion(s) of the kidney at a point in time or develop such lesions within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. The lesions may involve tubular atrophy, tubular dilatation, interstitial inflammatory cell infiltrates, interstitial fibrosis or other pathology. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubulointerstitial damage within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Usually expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. slaulede 2021-02-05T10:27:05Z kidney tubulointerstitial damage incidence percentage of study population developing renal tubulointerstitial damage during a period of time renal tubulointerstitial damage incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003649 percentage of study population developing kidney tubulointerstitial damage during a period of time CMO:0003649 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubulointerstitial damage within a determined period of time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Usually expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubulointerstitial damage at a point in time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Usually expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. slaulede 2021-02-05T10:40:20Z kidney tubulointerstitial damage prevalence percentage of study population developing renal tubulointerstitial damage at a point in time renal tubulointerstitial damage prevalence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003650 percentage of study population developing kidney tubulointerstitial damage at a point in time CMO:0003650 A measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that develop kidney tubulointerstitial damage at a point in time, are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Usually expressed as a percentage, but could be expressed as a ratio. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the average extent of the two-dimensional surface of, or plane through metastatic liver tumors. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2021-02-05T15:00:25Z PMID:9833767 metastatic hepatic tumor area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003651 metastatic liver tumor area CMO:0003651 A measurement of the average extent of the two-dimensional surface of, or plane through metastatic liver tumors. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 PMID:9833767 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement related to the function of or processes involved in the ophthalmic perception of light. slaulede 2021-02-08T14:34:58Z EFO:0006876 EFO:0007699 EFO:0007700 PMID:27384999 eye physiology measurement measure of ophthalmic electrophysiology exploratory eye movement measurement eye movement measurement seasonality measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003652 eye physiological measurement CMO:0003652 Any measurement related to the function of or processes involved in the ophthalmic perception of light. https://www.medicinenet.com/electroretinography/article.htm https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of electrical signal (amplitude/voltage) generated in the retina after stimulation by flashing or flickering of light. slaulede 2021-02-08T14:45:50Z PMID:27384999 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003653 electrical activity measurement of retina CMO:0003653 A measurement of electrical signal (amplitude/voltage) generated in the retina after stimulation by flashing or flickering of light. https://www.medicinenet.com/electroretinography/article.htm https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The a-wave is the first large negative component of the electrical wave generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the baseline to the negative trough of the a-wave. The a-wave reflects the physiological health of the photoreceptors in the outer retina. slaulede 2021-02-08T15:28:37Z PMID:27384999 late receptor potential clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003655 a-wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003655 The a-wave is the first large negative component of the electrical wave generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the baseline to the negative trough of the a-wave. The a-wave reflects the physiological health of the photoreceptors in the outer retina. https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The b-wave is positive and usually larger in amplitude than the a-wave of the ERG waveform, generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. The b-wave reflects the health of the inner layers of the retina, including the ON bipolar cells and the Muller cells. slaulede 2021-02-08T15:40:42Z PMID:27384999 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003656 b-wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003656 The b-wave is positive and usually larger in amplitude than the a-wave of the ERG waveform, generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. The b-wave reflects the health of the inner layers of the retina, including the ON bipolar cells and the Muller cells. https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ https://www.merriam-webster.com/ CVP (central venous pressure) is the pressure in the thoracic vena cava near the right atrium (therefore, CVP and right atrial pressure are essentially the same). Central venous pressure is an important concept in clinical cardiology because it is a major determinant of the filling pressure and therefore the preload of the right ventricle. slaulede 2021-02-08T17:38:55Z PMID:22258067 CVP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003657 central venous pressure CMO:0003657 CVP (central venous pressure) is the pressure in the thoracic vena cava near the right atrium (therefore, CVP and right atrial pressure are essentially the same). Central venous pressure is an important concept in clinical cardiology because it is a major determinant of the filling pressure and therefore the preload of the right ventricle. https://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP020 https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/central%20venous%20pressure The average number of capillaries associated with and/or surrounding an individual cardiac muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of cardiac muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. slaulede 2021-02-08T18:29:08Z PMID:22258067 number of capillaries per cardiac muscle fiber clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003658 number of capillaries per cardiomyocyte CMO:0003658 The average number of capillaries associated with and/or surrounding an individual cardiac muscle fiber, a cylindrical multinucleate cell of cardiac muscle tissue containing contracting myofibrils. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to A23187, an ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. slaulede 2021-02-09T17:34:15Z CHEBI:3305 PMID:22508433 calcimycin response/sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003659 A23187 response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0003659 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to A23187, an ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. MESH:D000001 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of A23187 to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. slaulede 2021-02-09T17:36:41Z CHEBI:3305 MESH:D000001 calcimycin-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003660 A23187-induced blood vessel dilation expressed as percent reduction of the force generated in a pre-constricted blood vessel CMO:0003660 This is a measure of the relaxation caused by the addition of A23187 to a pre-constricted blood vessel. It is the ratio of the amount of dilation compared to a fully dilated blood vessel. PMID:22508433 A determination of the amount of space occupied by the total amount of blood, as measured in cubic units, in the circulatory system of an individual. slaulede 2021-02-23T14:12:15Z PMID:17998886 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003661 blood volume measurement CMO:0003661 A determination of the amount of space occupied by the total amount of blood, as measured in cubic units, in the circulatory system of an individual. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by circulating blood. slaulede 2021-02-23T14:30:03Z PMID:17998886 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003662 calculated blood volume CMO:0003662 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by circulating blood. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space occupied by blood removed from an organism is divided by the total size of the three dimensional space occupied by the prehemorrhagic blood of that organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-02-23T14:48:25Z ratio of blood volume removed to total prehemorrhagic blood volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003663 volume of blood removed to total prehemorrhagic blood volume ratio CMO:0003663 A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space occupied by blood removed from an organism is divided by the total size of the three dimensional space occupied by the prehemorrhagic blood of that organism, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:978-1416062578 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of phenylephrine is divided by the contractile force exerted by that vessel in the presence of potassium chloride and the result expressed as a percentage. Phenylephrine is an adrenergic drug that is a powerful vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2021-02-25T15:23:38Z Emax PMID:22783192 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003664 phenylephrine-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of contractile force generated by potassium chloride CMO:0003664 A calculated measurement in which the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of phenylephrine is divided by the contractile force exerted by that vessel in the presence of potassium chloride and the result expressed as a percentage. Phenylephrine is an adrenergic drug that is a powerful vasoconstrictor. PMID:22783192 The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to kill 50 percent of a population within a certain time frame. slaulede 2021-03-01T16:50:07Z x-ray lethal dose 50 PMID:30575429 dose of x-radiation that is fatal to 50% of the total study population x-ray LD50 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003665 dose of irradiation that is fatal to 50% of the total study population CMO:0003665 The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to kill 50 percent of a population within a certain time frame. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/lethal-dose-ld.html The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to cause 50 percent of a population to have lung dysfunction (measurable as increased breathing rate or other parameter) within a certain time frame. slaulede 2021-03-01T17:57:44Z CMO:0003704 PMID:30575429 dose of whole thorax lung x-radiation that causes 50% of the total study population to have lung dysfunction dose of whole thorax lung irradiation at which breathing rate increases for 50% of the total study population clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003666 dose of whole thorax lung irradiation that causes 50% of the total study population to have lung dysfunction CMO:0003666 The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to cause 50 percent of a population to have lung dysfunction (measurable as increased breathing rate or other parameter) within a certain time frame. PMID:30575429 https://www.merriam-webster.com The measurement of the thickness of the retinal layer between the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer that contains closely packed cell bodies of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells. slaulede 2021-03-04T17:52:13Z PMID:21993171 INL thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003668 retinal inner nuclear layer thickness CMO:0003668 The measurement of the thickness of the retinal layer between the inner plexiform layer and the outer plexiform layer that contains closely packed cell bodies of bipolar cells, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells. UBERON:0001791 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inner_nuclear_layer This is a measurement of the inner segment of a photoreceptor. The inner segment connects the outer segment and synapse and is filled with organelles such as the ER, Golgi, and mitochondria, where much of metabolism and regulation of membrane potential takes place. slaulede 2021-03-08T16:33:15Z PMID:21993171 PMID:24210432 PR IS clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003669 photoreceptor inner segment thickness CMO:0003669 This is a measurement of the inner segment of a photoreceptor. The inner segment connects the outer segment and synapse and is filled with organelles such as the ER, Golgi, and mitochondria, where much of metabolism and regulation of membrane potential takes place. PMID:24210432 https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2019624-overview#a3 A linear measurement of the outer part of the kidney made from the outer edge of the renal medulla to the capsule of the kidney. The cortex is composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. slaulede 2021-03-15T15:02:50Z PMID:6602356 kidney cortex thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003670 renal cortex thickness CMO:0003670 A linear measurement of the outer part of the kidney made from the outer edge of the renal medulla to the capsule of the kidney. The cortex is composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. ISBN-13:978-1608316922 PMID:6602356 A linear measurement made from one edge to the other edge across the widest portion of a single Bowman's capsule. Bowman's capsule is the expanded portion of the nephron encircling the glomerulus. slaulede 2021-03-15T15:24:45Z PMID:6602356 Muller's capsule diameter malpighian capsule diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003671 Bowman's capsule diameter CMO:0003671 A linear measurement made from one edge to the other edge across the widest portion of a single Bowman's capsule. Bowman's capsule is the expanded portion of the nephron encircling the glomerulus. ISBN-13:978-1608316922 PMID:6602356 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the nephrons of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2021-03-15T16:33:21Z PMID:3199667 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003672 calculated nephron measurement CMO:0003672 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the nephrons of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. ISBN-13:978-1608316922 PMID:3199667 A calculated estimate of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a single Bowman's capsule in the kidney. Bowman's capsule is the expanded portion of the nephron encircling the glomerulus. slaulede 2021-03-15T16:45:18Z PMID:3199667 Muller's capsule volume malpighian capsule volume clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003673 Bowman's capsule volume CMO:0003673 A calculated estimate of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by a single Bowman's capsule in the kidney. Bowman's capsule is the expanded portion of the nephron encircling the glomerulus. ISBN-13:978-1608316922 PMID:3199667 The number of glomeruli per unit area of kidney. Based on stereological principles, the number of glomeruli per unit area of kidney equals the number of glomeruli per unit volume of kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. slaulede 2021-03-15T17:44:35Z PMID:3199667 glomerular density glomeruli count per unit area glomerulus count per unit area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003674 kidney glomerular density CMO:0003674 The number of glomeruli per unit area of kidney. Based on stereological principles, the number of glomeruli per unit area of kidney equals the number of glomeruli per unit volume of kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. PMID:3199667 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2021-03-19T10:29:52Z CHEBI:33569 PMID:23868088 noradrenaline response/sensitivity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003675 norepinephrine response/sensitivity measurement CMO:0003675 Measurement of an organism's, organ's, tissue's or cell's capacity to respond, such as by a change in activity, state or condition, to norepinephrine, a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of norepinephrine and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2021-03-19T10:52:38Z CHEBI:33569 PMID:23868088 noradrenaline-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force at baseline clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003676 norepinephrine-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force at baseline CMO:0003676 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of norepinephrine and the baseline contractile force exerted by that vessel in the absence of any external stimuli, is divided by the baseline contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of norepinephrine at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of norepinephrine is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such norepinephrine-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. slaulede 2021-03-19T11:04:41Z CHEBI:33569 PMID:23868088 logarithm of the concentration of noradrenaline at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value noradrenaline -pEC50 noradrenaline Log EC50 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003677 logarithm of the concentration of norepinephrine at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value CMO:0003677 A calculated value for logarithm of the concentration of norepinephrine at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of norepinephrine is halfway between the baseline value and the highest achievable value of such norepinephrine-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The VLP is a high-frequency and very-low-intensity signal that is localized at the end of QRS duration, and on the beginning part of a ST segment. slaulede 2021-03-23T17:11:53Z PMID:24388923 CV VLP clinical_measurement_ontology LP Late potentials determinate LP CMO:0003678 ventricular late potential CMO:0003678 The VLP is a high-frequency and very-low-intensity signal that is localized at the end of QRS duration, and on the beginning part of a ST segment. PMID:22665699 PMID:24388923 PMID:28867990 A measurement of the pressure of liquid, gas, or solid stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2021-03-25T17:25:23Z PMID:24388923 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003679 calculated measurement of mechanical stimulus needed to elicit evasive reaction CMO:0003679 A measurement of the pressure of liquid, gas, or solid stimulus which causes the subject to take evasive action to avoid further stimulation when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. PMID:28932184 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nociception_assay A nociception assay is used to determine the mechanical force required to elicit a paw withdrawal response in 50% of subjects. The calculation is based on the statistical formula used to determine LD50s. slaulede 2021-03-25T17:39:33Z PMID:24388923 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003680 measurement of the 50% threshold of mechanical stimulus needed to elicit evasive reaction CMO:0003680 A nociception assay is used to determine the mechanical force required to elicit a paw withdrawal response in 50% of subjects. The calculation is based on the statistical formula used to determine LD50s. PMID:28932184 Measurement of the ability of platelets to aggregate in response to a known platelet aggregating factor such as collagen, ADP or thrombin which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2021-03-26T15:58:26Z PMID:17261463 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003681 calculated platelet aggregation measurement CMO:0003681 Measurement of the ability of platelets to aggregate in response to a known platelet aggregating factor such as collagen, ADP or thrombin which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN-13:978-0702027895 https://www.merriam-webster.com This value is calculated from an aggregometry assay curve by measuring the distance between the baseline and maximal aggregation caused by thrombin and dividing by the distance between the baseline [0% aggregation - platelet rich plasma] and 100% aggregation [platelet poor plasma]. slaulede 2021-03-26T16:40:32Z PMID:17261463 clinical_measurement_ontology TSPA thrombin-stimulated platelet aggregation CMO:0003682 percentage of full platelet aggregation generated by thrombin CMO:0003682 This value is calculated from an aggregometry assay curve by measuring the distance between the baseline and maximal aggregation caused by thrombin and dividing by the distance between the baseline [0% aggregation - platelet rich plasma] and 100% aggregation [platelet poor plasma]. https://practical-haemostasis.com/Platelets/platelet_function_testing_lta.html A measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the indigestible polysaccharide inulin. slaulede 2021-03-30T11:34:26Z RGD:25314254 clinical_measurement_ontology RPF CMO:0003683 renal plasma flow (inulin) CMO:0003683 A measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the indigestible polysaccharide inulin. RGD:25314254 https://www.merriam-webster.com A measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the non-metabolizable solute para-aminohippurate (PAH). slaulede 2021-03-30T11:51:49Z RGD:25314254 renal plasma flow (para-aminohippurate) clinical_measurement_ontology RPF CMO:0003684 renal plasma flow (PAH) CMO:0003684 A measurement of the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the non-metabolizable solute para-aminohippurate (PAH). ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:25314254 A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the indigestible polysaccharide inulin. slaulede 2021-03-30T11:58:32Z RGD:25314254 ratio of RPF to kidney weight (inulin) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003685 ratio of renal plasma flow to kidney weight (inulin) CMO:0003685 A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the indigestible polysaccharide inulin. RGD:25314254 https://www.merriam-webster.com A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the non-metabolizable solute para-aminohippurate (PAH). slaulede 2021-03-30T12:04:41Z RGD:25314254 ratio of RPF to kidney weight (PAH) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003686 ratio of renal plasma flow to kidney weight (PAH) CMO:0003686 A calculated measurement in which the renal plasma flow rate (RPF) is divided by weight (i.e. the heaviness or the degree to which an object is drawn toward the earth by gravity) of one kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The RPF is the amount of plasma that perfuses the renal tubules per unit time, derived by measurement of the clearance rate of the non-metabolizable solute para-aminohippurate (PAH). ISBN:978-1416049982 RGD:25314254 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with a solid structure during a certain period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histollogicaly normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T13:15:31Z PMID:15805257 solid ventral prostate tumorous lesion incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003687 percentage of study population developing ventral prostate tumorous lesions with a solid structure during a period of time CMO:0003687 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with a solid structure during a certain period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histollogicaly normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei during a certain period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histollogicaly normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T13:47:33Z PMID:15805257 incidence of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with ACI-type nuclei clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003688 percentage of study population developing ventral prostate tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei during a period of time CMO:0003688 The number of individuals in a study population which develop new instances of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei during a certain period of time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histollogicaly normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion with a solid structure in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:03:32Z PMID:15805257 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003689 area of individual ventral prostate tumorous lesion with a solid structure CMO:0003689 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion with a solid structure in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion with round, irregular size nuclei in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:14:56Z PMID:15805257 area of individual ventral prostate tumorous lesion with ACI-type nuclei clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003690 area of individual ventral prostate tumorous lesion with round, irregular size nuclei CMO:0003690 A measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through an individual tumorous lesion with round, irregular size nuclei in the ventral prostate. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions with solid structure is divided by the total area of the ventral prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:28:49Z PMID:15805257 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003691 area of ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions with solid structure to total ventral prostate area ratio CMO:0003691 A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions with solid structure is divided by the total area of the ventral prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei is divided by the total area of the ventral prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:38:47Z PMID:15805257 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003692 area of ventral prostate occupied by tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei to total ventral prostate area ratio CMO:0003692 A calculated measurement in which the area of the ventral prostate gland occupied by tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei is divided by the total area of the ventral prostate gland, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors and preneoplastic lesions, as well as hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 The number of tumorous lesions with solid structure in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:46:56Z PMID:15805257 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003693 number of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with solid structure CMO:0003693 The number of tumorous lesions with solid structure in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 The number of tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-04-01T14:50:09Z PMID:15805257 number of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with ACI-type nuclei clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003694 number of ventral prostate tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei CMO:0003694 The number of tumorous lesions with round, irregular size nuclei in the ventral lobe of the prostate gland. A tumorous lesion is one which is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. ISBN:978-1416049982 PMID:15805257 Measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). slaulede 2021-04-12T17:32:02Z PMID:23799078 plasma Serpine1 level plasma PAI1 level plasma serpin family E member 1 level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003695 plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 level CMO:0003695 Measurement of the amount of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. PAI-1 is a serine protease inhibitor protein that functions as the principal inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA), the activators of plasminogen and hence fibrinolysis (the physiological breakdown of blood clots). RGD:69014 This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. slaulede 2021-04-15T11:36:13Z PMID:23799078 plasma Complement C3a des-Arg level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003696 plasma Complement C3a des Arg level CMO:0003696 This is a measurement of the amount of C3a des Arg in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. C3a des Arg is formed from C3a via carboxypeptidase cleavage of the C-terminal arginine group. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.complementtech.com/catalog/product/anaphylatoxins/c3a-desarg/ Volume of blood plasma delivered by a single glomerulus per unit time. slaulede 2021-04-15T19:07:19Z PMID:2846658 Qe single glomerular efferent plasma flow clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003697 efferent arteriolar plasma flow rate CMO:0003697 Volume of blood plasma delivered by a single glomerulus per unit time. ISBN:9781455723041 PMID:24875196 The amount of a vitamin in a specified volume of blood. A vitamin is any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes, but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body. slaulede 2021-04-30T11:58:53Z vitamin measurement EFO:0004729 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003698 blood vitamin level CMO:0003698 The amount of a vitamin in a specified volume of blood. A vitamin is any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes, but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body. https://www.merriam-webster.com A quantification of a parameter of a substance in the blood essential to the metabolism of a particular organism or to a particular metabolic process. In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism. The term metabolite is usually used for small molecules. slaulede 2021-04-30T14:26:42Z EFO:0005664 blood metabolite measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003699 blood metabolite measurement CMO:0003699 A quantification of a parameter of a substance in the blood essential to the metabolism of a particular organism or to a particular metabolic process. In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism. The term metabolite is usually used for small molecules. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolite https://www.merriam-webster.com The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumor found immediately below the dermis. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2021-04-30T16:58:40Z hypodermis tumor diameter subcutaneous tumor diameter clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003700 subcutaneous tumor diameter measurement CMO:0003700 The distance between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a tumor found immediately below the dermis. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 https://www.merriam-webster.com Any measurement of the size of an individual tumor of the hypodermis, or of the amount of the hypodermis occupied by tumor. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. slaulede 2021-04-30T17:04:33Z hypodermal tumor size measurement hypodermis tumor size measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003701 subcutaneous tumor size measurement CMO:0003701 Any measurement of the size of an individual tumor of the hypodermis, or of the amount of the hypodermis occupied by tumor. A tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled, progressive multiplication of cells and serving no physiological function. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 https://www.merriam-webster.com Electroretinographic photopic measurement targets cone-pathway function made from the light-adapted eye. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. The b-wave is generated by a combination of ON- and OFF-type bipolar cells in photopic measurement. slaulede 2021-05-03T11:45:30Z PMID:24558606 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003702 photopic B wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003702 Electroretinographic photopic measurement targets cone-pathway function made from the light-adapted eye. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. The b-wave is generated by a combination of ON- and OFF-type bipolar cells in photopic measurement. https://eyewiki.aao.org/Electroretinogram https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ Oscillatory potentials (OPs) (four to six wavelets) can be seen on the ascending limb of most b-waves in both scotopic and photopic bright flash ERG recording. Oscillatory potentials are thought to reflect activity initiated by amacrine cells in the inner retina. slaulede 2021-05-03T13:03:21Z PMID:14985323 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003703 ERG oscillatory potential CMO:0003703 Oscillatory potentials (OPs) (four to six wavelets) can be seen on the ascending limb of most b-waves in both scotopic and photopic bright flash ERG recording. Oscillatory potentials are thought to reflect activity initiated by amacrine cells in the inner retina. PMID:14985323 https://eyewiki.aao.org/Electroretinogram https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to cause lung injury (measurable as increased breathing rate) to 50 percent of a population within a certain time frame. slaulede 2021-05-03T14:50:06Z PMID:30575429 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003704 dose of whole thorax lung irradiation at which breathing rate increases for 50% of the total study population true CMO:0003704 The amount of x-radiation that is sufficient to cause lung injury (measurable as increased breathing rate) to 50 percent of a population within a certain time frame. PMID:30575429 https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/ED50 Electroretinographic scotopic measurement targets rod-pathway function made from the dark-adapted eye. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. slaulede 2021-05-06T18:30:49Z PMID:27384999 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003705 scotopic B wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003705 Electroretinographic scotopic measurement targets rod-pathway function made from the dark-adapted eye. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the following peak of the b-wave. https://eyewiki.aao.org/Electroretinogram https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ Electroretinographic scotopic measurement targets rod-pathway function made from the dark-adapted eye. The a-wave is the first large negative component of the electrical wave generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the baseline to the negative trough of the a-wave. If the stimulus light is weak, no scotopic A wave can be measured. slaulede 2021-05-06T18:45:14Z PMID:27384999 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003706 scotopic A wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003706 Electroretinographic scotopic measurement targets rod-pathway function made from the dark-adapted eye. The a-wave is the first large negative component of the electrical wave generated by the retina in response to light. The amplitude of the a-wave is measured from the baseline to the negative trough of the a-wave. If the stimulus light is weak, no scotopic A wave can be measured. https://eyewiki.aao.org/Electroretinogram https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications Electroretinographic photopic measurement targets cone-pathway function made from the light-adapted eye. The amplitude of the a-wave is typically measured from the pre-stimulus baseline (0 µV) to the trough of the a-wave. Under photopic (light-adapted) conditions, the a-wave is generated by cone photoreceptors, with additional contributions from OFF-type bipolar cells. slaulede 2021-05-10T15:43:12Z PMID:24558606 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003707 photopic A wave amplitude of ERG waveform CMO:0003707 Electroretinographic photopic measurement targets cone-pathway function made from the light-adapted eye. The amplitude of the a-wave is typically measured from the pre-stimulus baseline (0 µV) to the trough of the a-wave. Under photopic (light-adapted) conditions, the a-wave is generated by cone photoreceptors, with additional contributions from OFF-type bipolar cells. https://eyewiki.aao.org/Electroretinogram https://webvision.med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology/the-electroretinogram-clinical-applications/ This is a calculated value based on the number of capillary profiles counted in microscopic images of glomerular tufts. The total calculated length of capillaries is expressed per glomerulus. slaulede 2021-05-11T13:54:32Z PMID:7894005 Lcap average total length of capillaries per glomerulus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003708 mean length density of glomerular capillaries CMO:0003708 This is a calculated value based on the number of capillary profiles counted in microscopic images of glomerular tufts. The total calculated length of capillaries is expressed per glomerulus. PMID:7894005 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is a calculated value estimated from the glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall per unit glomerular volume. It is based on the proportion of the peripheral capillary basement membrane in contact with epithelial podocytes, as determined by microscopic measurements. slaulede 2021-05-11T14:27:01Z Spcw PMID:7894005 ratio of glomerular filtering surface area to glomerular volume surface density of the filtering surface area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003709 glomerular filtering surface area to glomerular volume ratio CMO:0003709 This is a calculated value estimated from the glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall per unit glomerular volume. It is based on the proportion of the peripheral capillary basement membrane in contact with epithelial podocytes, as determined by microscopic measurements. PMID:7894005 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is a calculated value estimated from the average total glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall per glomerulus. It is based on the proportion of the peripheral capillary basement membrane in contact with epithelial podocytes, as determined by microscopic measurements. slaulede 2021-05-11T14:37:50Z Spcw PMID:7894005 filtering surface area per glomerulus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003710 total filtering surface area per glomerulus CMO:0003710 This is a calculated value estimated from the average total glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall per glomerulus. It is based on the proportion of the peripheral capillary basement membrane in contact with epithelial podocytes, as determined by microscopic measurements. PMID:7894005 https://www.merriam-webster.com Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomerular podocytes of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2021-05-11T15:43:06Z PMID:7894005 calculated kidney glomerular visceral epithelial cell measurement calculated podocyte measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003711 calculated kidney glomerular podocyte measurement CMO:0003711 Any measurement that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomerular podocytes of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7894005 This is a calculated value estimated from the glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall and the epithelial filtration slit frequency. The measurements for the calculations are from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. slaulede 2021-05-11T16:47:47Z PMID:7894005 total glomerular visceral epithelial cell slit length total podocyte slit length clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003712 total pericapillary slit length CMO:0003712 This is a calculated value estimated from the glomerular filtering surface area of the peripheral capillary wall and the epithelial filtration slit frequency. The measurements for the calculations are from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7894005 This is an average value derived from the measurements of podocytes from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. slaulede 2021-05-11T17:04:00Z PMID:7894005 glomerular podocyte slit width glomerular visceral epithelial cell slit width clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003713 podocyte slit width CMO:0003713 This is an average value derived from the measurements of podocytes from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7894005 This is a calculated value estimated from the measurement of foot processes and an equation adjusting for ambiguity of electron microscopic images of podocyte foot process boundaries. slaulede 2021-05-11T17:17:55Z PMID:10703671 PMID:7894005 Epithelial foot process width WFP glomerular podocyte foot process width glomerular visceral epithelial cell foot process width podocyte pedicel width clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003714 podocyte foot process width CMO:0003714 This is a calculated value estimated from the measurement of foot processes and an equation adjusting for ambiguity of electron microscopic images of podocyte foot process boundaries. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7894005 This is an average value derived from the measurements of podocytes from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. slaulede 2021-05-11T17:25:35Z PMID:7894005 glomerular podocyte foot process height glomerular visceral epithelial cell foot process height podocyte pedicel height clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003715 podocyte foot process height CMO:0003715 This is an average value derived from the measurements of podocytes from computerized analysis of electron micrographs. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 PMID:7894005 This is a calculated value made by dividing the total mesangial volume measurement by the total number of glomeruli measured, both values having been determined from measurements of microscopic images. Alternately, the fractional mesangial volume (FMV) may be multiplied by the mean glomerular volume (GV) to get the total mesangial volume (TMV). slaulede 2021-05-13T14:02:06Z Vmes PMID:7894005 TMV kidney mesangial volume per glomerulus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003716 mesangium volume per glomerulus CMO:0003716 This is a calculated value made by dividing the total mesangial volume measurement by the total number of glomeruli measured, both values having been determined from measurements of microscopic images. Alternately, the fractional mesangial volume (FMV) may be multiplied by the mean glomerular volume (GV) to get the total mesangial volume (TMV). PMID:14993490 PMID:7894005 Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a measurement of arterial stiffness that is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. It can be measured simply and noninvasively by measuring the carotid and femoral pulse pressures and the time delay between the two or by other methods relying on pulse-wave analysis. slaulede 2021-05-20T15:30:59Z EFO:0004517 EFO:0004724 PMID:32088716 Carotid–femoral PWV PWV arterial stiffness measurement carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003717 pulse wave velocity CMO:0003717 Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a measurement of arterial stiffness that is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. It can be measured simply and noninvasively by measuring the carotid and femoral pulse pressures and the time delay between the two or by other methods relying on pulse-wave analysis. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/pulse-wave-velocity A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. slaulede 2021-05-20T15:53:45Z PMID:32088716 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003718 calculated pulse pressure measurement CMO:0003718 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of pulse pressure, the difference between systolic and diastolic blood pressures. American_Heritage:The_American_Heritage_Medical_Dictionary_2007 A measurement of the depth of the wall of a mesenteric artery, either of two arteries arising from the aorta and passing between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestine. slaulede 2021-05-20T16:53:26Z PMID:32088716 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003719 mesenteric artery wall thickness CMO:0003719 A measurement of the depth of the wall of a mesenteric artery, either of two arteries arising from the aorta and passing between the two layers of the mesentery to the intestine. https://www.merriam-webster.com A measurement of the depth of the tunica media of a mesenteric artery. The tunica media is the middle layer of the mesenteric arterial wall, containing smooth muscle and elastic tissue. slaulede 2021-05-20T17:03:50Z PMID:32088716 mesenteric artery tunica media thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003720 mesenteric artery media thickness CMO:0003720 A measurement of the depth of the tunica media of a mesenteric artery. The tunica media is the middle layer of the mesenteric arterial wall, containing smooth muscle and elastic tissue. https://www.merriam-webster.com A measurement of the depth of the tunica adventitia of a mesenteric artery. The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the mesenteric arterial wall, composed mainly of fibrous tissue. slaulede 2021-05-20T17:23:07Z PMID:32088716 mesenteric artery tunica adventitia thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003721 mesenteric artery adventitial thickness CMO:0003721 A measurement of the depth of the tunica adventitia of a mesenteric artery. The tunica adventitia is the outermost layer of the mesenteric arterial wall, composed mainly of fibrous tissue. UBERON:0005734 https://www.merriam-webster.com The total number of subjects within a study population which develop radiation pneumonitis during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Radiation pneumonitis is inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. slaulede 2021-05-21T18:03:28Z PMID:30575429 incidence of radiation pneumonitis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003722 percentage of study population developing radiation pneumonitis during a period of time CMO:0003722 The total number of subjects within a study population which develop radiation pneumonitis during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Radiation pneumonitis is inflammation of the lung due to harmful effects of ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. PMID:30575429 https://www.merriam-webster.com The total number of subjects within a study population which develop radiation-induced bone marrow dysfunction during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Radiation-induced bone marrow dysfunction is hematopoietic toxicity due to the harmful effects of radiation. slaulede 2021-06-03T13:53:32Z PMID:30575429 incidence of radiation-induced bone marrow disease percentage of study population developing radiation-induced bone marrow failure during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003723 percentage of study population developing radiation-induced bone marrow disease during a period of time CMO:0003723 The total number of subjects within a study population which develop radiation-induced bone marrow dysfunction during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Radiation-induced bone marrow dysfunction is hematopoietic toxicity due to the harmful effects of radiation. PMID:30575429 https://www.merriam-webster.com The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an arteriole, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the arteriole wall. An arteriole is the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and capillaries. slaulede 2021-06-11T16:50:24Z PMID:27270176 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003724 arteriole diameter CMO:0003724 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of an arteriole, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the arteriole wall. An arteriole is the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and capillaries. GO:0014830 https://www.merriam-webster.com The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a renal afferent arteriole, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the arteriole wall. A renal afferent arteriole is one of the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery and conveys blood to the glomerular capillaries. slaulede 2021-06-11T16:57:17Z PMID:27270176 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003725 renal afferent arteriole diameter CMO:0003725 The length of a line which crosses a transverse view of a renal afferent arteriole, passing through its center and ending on either side at the outer surface of the arteriole wall. A renal afferent arteriole is one of the blood vessels that branch from the kidney interlobular artery and conveys blood to the glomerular capillaries. UBERON:0004639 https://www.merriam-webster.com A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of norepinephrine and the contractile force exerted by that vessel in response to a given concentration of potassium chloride, is divided by the potassium chloride contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. slaulede 2021-06-18T14:23:28Z PMID:32088716 NA Emax noradrenaline-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force of contraction to KCL clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003726 norepinephrine-induced blood vessel contractile force expressed as percent of force of contraction to KCL CMO:0003726 A calculated measurement in which the difference between the contractile force of a blood vessel in response to a specified dosage of norepinephrine and the contractile force exerted by that vessel in response to a given concentration of potassium chloride, is divided by the potassium chloride contractile force measurement and the result expressed as a percentage. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine which can act as a neurotransmitter, a stress hormone and a vasoconstrictor. PMID:32088716 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value for the negative logarithm of the concentration of norepinephrine at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of norepinephrine is half of the value of the highest achievable value of such norepinephrine-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. slaulede 2021-06-18T14:53:21Z CHEBI:33569 PMID:32088716 NA pD2 negative logarithm of the molar concentration of noradrenaline at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value noradrenaline -Log EC50 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003727 negative logarithm of the molar concentration of norepinephrine at which the force of blood vessel contraction is half the maximum value CMO:0003727 A calculated value for the negative logarithm of the concentration of norepinephrine at which the energy produced by the active reduction in the diameter of a blood vessel in response to the application of norepinephrine is half of the value of the highest achievable value of such norepinephrine-induced contractile energy. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. PMID:32088716 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value for the negative logarithm of the molar concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the dilation of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is half maximal. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. slaulede 2021-06-18T15:57:10Z PMID:32088716 ACh pD2 acetylcholine -Log EC50 acetylcholine -Log half maximal effective concentration (-Log EC50) clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003728 negative logarithm of the molar concentration of acetylcholine at which the reduction in force during dilation of a blood vessel is half the maximum value CMO:0003728 A calculated value for the negative logarithm of the molar concentration of acetylcholine (ACh), which acts as a neurotransmitter, at which the dilation of a blood vessel in response to the application of ACh is half maximal. The logarithm of the concentration is the exponent indicating the power to which 10 must be raised to obtain that concentration value. PMID:32088716 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This eye movement consists of two components that serve to stabilize images on the retina: a slow, pursuit phase and a fast “reflex” or “refixation” phase. Measurement of the cumulative time spent visually tracking a moving object determines the extent of the reflex. The reflex is seen when an individual follows a moving object with their eyes, which then moves out of the field of vision at which point their eye moves back to the position it was in when it first saw the object. slaulede 2021-06-18T18:05:03Z PMID:28441076 OKN OKR Optokinetic response optokinetic nystagmus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003729 optokinetic reflex CMO:0003729 This eye movement consists of two components that serve to stabilize images on the retina: a slow, pursuit phase and a fast “reflex” or “refixation” phase. Measurement of the cumulative time spent visually tracking a moving object determines the extent of the reflex. The reflex is seen when an individual follows a moving object with their eyes, which then moves out of the field of vision at which point their eye moves back to the position it was in when it first saw the object. https://eyewiki.org/Reflexes_and_the_Eye#Optokinetic_reflex https://psychology.wikia.org/wiki/Optokinetic_reflex#:~:text=The%20optokinetic%20reflex%20is%20a%20combination%20of%20a,was%20in%20when%20it%20first%20saw%20the%20object. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/optokinetic-reflex Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of amino acid, a carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups, in blood. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are encoded directly by triplet codons in the genetic code and polymerized to form proteins. slaulede 2021-06-25T10:53:56Z EFO:0009765 EFO:0009766 EFO:0009767 EFO:0009768 EFO:0009769 EFO:0009770 EFO:0009771 EFO:0009773 EFO:0009774 EFO:0009775 EFO:0009776 EFO:0009777 EFO:0009792 EFO:0009793 blood amino acids measurement alanine measurement asparagine measurement citrulline measurement glutamine measurement glycine measurement histidine measurement isoleucine measurement leucine measurement methionine measurement ornithine measurement proline measurement serine measurement threonine measurement valine measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003730 blood amino acid measurement CMO:0003730 Any measurement involving the amount, composition or type of amino acid, a carboxylic acid containing one or more amino groups, in blood. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are encoded directly by triplet codons in the genetic code and polymerized to form proteins. CHEBI:33709 MESH:D000596 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid Measurement of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood. slaulede 2021-06-25T11:09:53Z L-arginine measurement EFO:0006524 MESH:D001120 PMID:19420905 blood 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid level blood ARG level blood R level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003731 blood arginine level CMO:0003731 Measurement of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood. CHEBI:29016 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid Measurement of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a toxic, non-proteinogenic amino acid formed by post-translational modification and is a uremic toxin that inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production. ADMA has two methyl groups bound to one nitrogen of the parental arginine molecule. slaulede 2021-06-25T13:47:58Z asymmetric dimethylarginine measurement EFO:0010463 PMID:19420905 blood ADMA level blood asymmetric dimethylarginines level blood asymmetrical dimethylarginine level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003732 blood asymmetric dimethylarginine level CMO:0003732 Measurement of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a toxic, non-proteinogenic amino acid formed by post-translational modification and is a uremic toxin that inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production. ADMA has two methyl groups bound to one nitrogen of the parental arginine molecule. PMID:28272322 PMID:32429667 Measurement of the amount of symmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood. Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a toxic, non-proteinogenic amino acid formed by post-translational modification and is a uremic toxin that inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production. SDMA has two methyl groups each bound to different nitrogens of the parental arginine molecule. slaulede 2021-06-25T13:56:51Z PMID:19420905 blood SDMA level blood symmetric dimethylarginines level blood symmetrical dimethylarginines level symmetrical dimethylarginine measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003733 blood symmetric dimethylarginine level CMO:0003733 Measurement of the amount of symmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood. Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) is a toxic, non-proteinogenic amino acid formed by post-translational modification and is a uremic toxin that inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production. SDMA has two methyl groups each bound to different nitrogens of the parental arginine molecule. PMID:28272322 PMID:32429667 Measurement of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood plasma. slaulede 2021-06-25T16:40:02Z MESH:D001120 PMID:19420905 plasma 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid level plasma ARG level plasma R level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003734 plasma arginine level CMO:0003734 Measurement of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood plasma. CHEBI:29016 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid Measurement of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood plasma. slaulede 2021-06-25T16:52:29Z PMID:19420905 plasma ADMA level plasma asymmetric dimethylarginines level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003735 plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine level CMO:0003735 Measurement of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood plasma. PMID:28272322 PMID:32429667 Measurement of the amount of symmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood plasma. slaulede 2021-06-25T16:55:45Z PMID:19420905 plasma SDMA level plasma symmetric dimethylarginines level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003736 plasma symmetric dimethylarginine level CMO:0003736 Measurement of the amount of symmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in blood plasma. PMID:28272322 PMID:32429667 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood plasma, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2021-06-25T17:27:22Z PMID:19420905 calculated plasma 2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid level calculated plasma ARG level calculated plasma R level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003737 calculated plasma arginine level CMO:0003737 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of arginine, an alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the side chain (R group) is a 3-guanidinopropyl group, in blood plasma, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. slaulede 2021-06-25T17:36:12Z PMID:19420905 calculated plasma ADMA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003738 calculated plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine level CMO:0003738 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the amount of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups, in a specified sample of plasma, the fibrinogen-containing fluid portion of the blood in which the particulate components are suspended. PMID:28272322 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of arginine in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the value for the level of asymmetric dimethylarginine in the same sample of plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-06-25T17:42:41Z PMID:19420905 plasma arginine level to ADMA level ratio plasma arginine/ADMA ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003739 plasma arginine level to asymmetric dimethylarginine level ratio CMO:0003739 A calculated measurement in which the value for the amount of arginine in a specified sample of plasma is divided by the value for the level of asymmetric dimethylarginine in the same sample of plasma, and the result is presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement of a lesion in the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. slaulede 2021-06-29T12:19:38Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003740 heart fibrotic lesion measurement CMO:0003740 Any measurement of a lesion in the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement of a lesion in the left ventricle of the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. slaulede 2021-06-29T12:29:24Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003741 heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion measurement CMO:0003741 Any measurement of a lesion in the left ventricle of the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of a lesion in the left ventricle of the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. slaulede 2021-06-29T12:34:47Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003742 heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion size measurement CMO:0003742 This is any measurement of the physical dimensions, proportions, magnitude, or extent of a lesion in the left ventricle of the heart characterized by an abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue. A lesion is a localized pathological change in structure of an organ or tissue due to injury or disease; especially one that is circumscribed and well defined. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the heart left ventricle. slaulede 2021-06-29T12:49:29Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003743 heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0003743 This is a measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the heart left ventricle. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the heart left ventricle, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2021-06-29T12:53:13Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003744 calculated heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion area measurement CMO:0003744 This is a measurement of the extent of a two-dimensional surface of or plane through a single heart left ventricle fibrotic lesion, or a measurement of the total area occupied by fibrotic lesions in a cross-section of the heart left ventricle, when that value has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by interstitial fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the heart left ventricle and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the heart left ventricle. slaulede 2021-06-29T13:09:59Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003745 heart left ventricle interstitial fibrotic lesion area to total heart left ventricule area ratio CMO:0003745 This is a calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by interstitial fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the heart left ventricle and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the heart left ventricle. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by perivascular fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the heart left ventricle and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the heart left ventricle. slaulede 2021-06-29T13:13:15Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003746 heart left ventricle perivascular fibrotic lesion area to total heart left ventricule area ratio CMO:0003746 This is calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by perivascular fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the heart left ventricle and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the heart left ventricle. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the kidney. slaulede 2021-06-29T13:30:36Z PMID:20864942 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003747 kidney interstitial fibrotic lesion area to total kidney area ratio CMO:0003747 A calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by fibrotic lesions is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the kidney and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the kidney. ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the average volume of kidney glomeruli is divided by the average number of podocytes in a glomerulus. It represents the reciprocal value of "number of podocytes to glomerular volume ratio (CMO:0002955). slaulede 2021-06-29T15:56:32Z PMID:18199599 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003748 glomerular volume per podocyte CMO:0003748 A calculated measurement in which the average volume of kidney glomeruli is divided by the average number of podocytes in a glomerulus. It represents the reciprocal value of "number of podocytes to glomerular volume ratio (CMO:0002955). ISBN:978-1416049982 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This measurement defines the capacity of a porous material to transmit fluids. Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium. The calculation in biological systems relies on a pressure gradient, the thickness of the material through which the fluid is proceeding, and the dynamic viscosity of the filtration solution. slaulede 2021-07-01T13:46:56Z PMID:10703671 Darcy permeability of GBM layers clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003749 Darcy permeability CMO:0003749 This measurement defines the capacity of a porous material to transmit fluids. Darcy's law is an equation that describes the flow of a fluid through a porous medium. The calculation in biological systems relies on a pressure gradient, the thickness of the material through which the fluid is proceeding, and the dynamic viscosity of the filtration solution. PMID:10703671 https://agilescientific.com/blog/2011/1/27/what-is-a-darcy.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darcy%27s_law Calculated value for average volume of glomerular capillary tuft not affected by sclerotic changes in sampled subjects. slaulede 2021-07-02T10:56:41Z PMID:16395266 volume of normal glomerular capillary tuft clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003750 volume of glomerular capillary tuft not affected by sclerosis CMO:0003750 Calculated value for average volume of glomerular capillary tuft not affected by sclerotic changes in sampled subjects. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:16395266 Calculated value for average volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerotic changes in sampled subjects. slaulede 2021-07-02T11:13:51Z PMID:16395266 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003751 volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerosis CMO:0003751 Calculated value for average volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerotic changes in sampled subjects. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:16395266 A calculated measurement in which the average volume of interstitial space in the renal cortex is divided by the average total volume of the renal cortex and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to kidney cortical volume and, by extension, to the size of the kidney. slaulede 2021-07-02T11:54:47Z PMID:16395266 volume of interstitial kidney cortex to total volume of kidney cortex ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003752 volume of kidney cortical interstitium to total volume of kidney cortex ratio CMO:0003752 A calculated measurement in which the average volume of interstitial space in the renal cortex is divided by the average total volume of the renal cortex and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to kidney cortical volume and, by extension, to the size of the kidney. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:16395266 Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. slaulede 2021-07-02T13:58:20Z PMID:23774700 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003753 blood lipase activity level CMO:0003753 Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipase https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/lipase-tests/ Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood serum. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. slaulede 2021-07-02T14:33:51Z EFO:0005849 PMID:23774700 serum lipase activity measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003754 serum lipase activity level CMO:0003754 Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood serum. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipase https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/lipase-tests/ Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood plasma. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. slaulede 2021-07-02T14:35:54Z PMID:23774700 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003755 plasma lipase activity level CMO:0003755 Any quantitation of the catalytic effect exerted by lipase in a specified sample of blood plasma. Lipase, is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. It's normal to have a small amount of lipase in blood, but a high level of lipase can mean the subject has some type of pancreatic disease. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipase https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/lipase-tests/ A calculated measurement in which the area of a heart left ventricle infarction is divided by the total area of the heart left ventricle, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to heart left ventricle size and, by extension, to the size of the heart. slaulede 2021-07-02T18:31:48Z PMID:14962492 PMID:22258067 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003756 heart left ventricle infarction area to total heart left ventricle area ratio CMO:0003756 A calculated measurement in which the area of a heart left ventricle infarction is divided by the total area of the heart left ventricle, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to heart left ventricle size and, by extension, to the size of the heart. PMID:14962492 PMID:22258067 A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a point in time is subtracted from the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a later point in time. slaulede 2021-07-08T14:41:24Z PMID:32156510 effective tumor growth effective tumor growth between two points in time increase in liver tumor growth clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003757 increase in liver tumorous lesion volume between two points in time CMO:0003757 A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a point in time is subtracted from the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a later point in time. PMID:32156510 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a second point in time is divided by the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at previous point in time and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus standardizing the growth of the tumorous lesions. slaulede 2021-07-08T16:03:15Z PMID:32156510 tumor growth rate tumor progression clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003758 subsequent liver tumorous lesion volume to precedent liver tumorous lesion volume ratio CMO:0003758 A calculated value in which the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at a second point in time is divided by the volume of the liver occupied by tumorous lesions at previous point in time and presented as a ratio, fraction or quotient, thus standardizing the growth of the tumorous lesions. PMID:32156510 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by one or more lobes of the liver after removal and subsequent regrowth. The liver is the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, and other processes. slaulede 2021-07-08T17:41:13Z PMID:32156510 liver volume after partial excision and regeneration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003759 liver volume after excision and regeneration CMO:0003759 Measurement of the size of the three dimensional space occupied by one or more lobes of the liver after removal and subsequent regrowth. The liver is the large abdominal organ/gland which functions in the storage and filtration of blood, secretion of bile, and other processes. PMID:32156510 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space (volume) occupied by one or more lobes of the liver after excision and subsequent regeneration is divided by the original, preoperative volume and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-08T17:50:19Z PMID:32156510 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003760 post excision/regeneration liver volume to original liver volume ratio CMO:0003760 A calculated measurement in which the size of the three dimensional space (volume) occupied by one or more lobes of the liver after excision and subsequent regeneration is divided by the original, preoperative volume and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:32156510 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of cyclical rising of pressure in the anorectum as a result of anal sphincter action over a designated period of time. slaulede 2021-07-12T13:32:21Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003761 number of contractions above 10 mmHg of anorectal pressure during a specified time CMO:0003761 Measurement of cyclical rising of pressure in the anorectum as a result of anal sphincter action over a designated period of time. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any quantification of a function or process of intestine, that is, a parameter related to the way the intestine operates and/or the chemical or physical functions that exist in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. slaulede 2021-07-12T13:51:24Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003762 intestine physiological measurement CMO:0003762 Any quantification of a function or process of intestine, that is, a parameter related to the way the intestine operates and/or the chemical or physical functions that exist in the intestine, the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the pyloric opening of the stomach to the anus. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the time from start to finish of a sphincter contraction causing anorectal pressure above 10 mmHg, calculated from a set of measurements taken from multiple contractions during a designated period of time. slaulede 2021-07-12T14:38:40Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003763 duration of contractions above 10 mmHg of anorectal pressure CMO:0003763 Measurement of the time from start to finish of a sphincter contraction causing anorectal pressure above 10 mmHg, calculated from a set of measurements taken from multiple contractions during a designated period of time. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:29391927 Measurement of the number of instances of pressure in the anorectum going over a designated level, as a result of anal sphincter action, per unit of time. slaulede 2021-07-12T14:53:55Z PMID:29391927 ratio of contractions per unit time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003764 frequency of contractions above 10 mmHg of anorectal pressure CMO:0003764 Measurement of the number of instances of pressure in the anorectum going over a designated level, as a result of anal sphincter action, per unit of time. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the time from the beginning of anorectal sphincter contraction to the maximum achieved pressure. slaulede 2021-07-12T15:08:17Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003765 time to peak anorectal sphincter contraction CMO:0003765 Measurement of the time from the beginning of anorectal sphincter contraction to the maximum achieved pressure. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the count of fasciculation-producing peaks in pressure generated during an anorectal sphincter contraction. slaulede 2021-07-12T16:54:01Z PMID:29391927 number of twitchesks in per anorectal sphincter contraction clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003766 number of peaks in pressure per anorectal sphincter contraction CMO:0003766 Measurement of the count of fasciculation-producing peaks in pressure generated during an anorectal sphincter contraction. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of some parameter of anorectal physiology. slaulede 2021-07-12T17:24:30Z PMID:29391927 calculated anorectal physiology measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003767 calculated anorectal physiological measurement CMO:0003767 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of some parameter of anorectal physiology. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated value in which the lowest measured pressure is subtracted from the highest measured pressure from stabilized anorectal contractions in the same subject. slaulede 2021-07-12T17:30:37Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003768 range of pressure generated by anorectal contractions CMO:0003768 A calculated value in which the lowest measured pressure is subtracted from the highest measured pressure from stabilized anorectal contractions in the same subject. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This measurement involves calculation of the the area under the plotted curve for pressure generated by anorectal contractions. slaulede 2021-07-12T18:21:22Z PMID:29391927 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003769 area under the anorectal pressure curve CMO:0003769 This measurement involves calculation of the the area under the plotted curve for pressure generated by anorectal contractions. PMID:29391927 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The intracellular concentration of sodium ions measured in a specific sample of red blood cells. slaulede 2021-07-13T12:01:17Z PMID:1390856 erythrocyte sodium concentration erythrocyte sodium level red blood cell sodium concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003770 red blood cell sodium level CMO:0003770 The intracellular concentration of sodium ions measured in a specific sample of red blood cells. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The intracellular concentration of potassium ions measured in a specific sample of red blood cells slaulede 2021-07-13T12:05:56Z PMID:1390856 erythrocyte potassium concentration erythrocyte potassium level red blood cell potassium concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003771 red blood cell potassium level CMO:0003771 The intracellular concentration of potassium ions measured in a specific sample of red blood cells ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The intracellular concentration of adenosine-5'- triphosphate measured in a specific sample of red blood cells. slaulede 2021-07-13T12:22:16Z PMID:1390856 erythrocyte ATP concentration erythrocyte ATP level red blood cell ATP concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003772 red blood cell ATP level CMO:0003772 The intracellular concentration of adenosine-5'- triphosphate measured in a specific sample of red blood cells. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the level of activity of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes. For every sodium and potassium ion transported, this symporter transports two chloride ions, thus maintaining electroneutrality. slaulede 2021-07-13T14:37:14Z PMID:1390856 erythrocyte Na-K-Cl cotransport activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003773 red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity CMO:0003773 Measurement of the level of activity of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes. For every sodium and potassium ion transported, this symporter transports two chloride ions, thus maintaining electroneutrality. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/na-k-cl-cotransporter This is a measurement of sodium and/or potassium ion efflux from erythrocytes in the presence of a sodium-potassium pump inhibitor (ouabain) and a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter inhibitor (furosemide or bumetamide). slaulede 2021-07-13T16:57:27Z PMID:1390856 erythrocyte passive membrane permeability erythrocyte sodium/potassium passive permeability ouabain and bumetanide-resistant sodium/potassium flux clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003774 red blood cell sodium/potassium passive permeability CMO:0003774 This is a measurement of sodium and/or potassium ion efflux from erythrocytes in the presence of a sodium-potassium pump inhibitor (ouabain) and a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter inhibitor (furosemide or bumetamide). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the right lobes (right lobes and caudate lobes) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2021-07-15T15:21:11Z PMID:23136993 count of micrometastases in the right liver count of micrometastases in the right liver < 1 mm number of micrometastases in the right liver clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003775 number of small metastatic liver tumors in the right liver CMO:0003775 A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the right lobes (right lobes and caudate lobes) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the left lobes (left lateral lobe and median lobes in rat) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2021-07-15T15:35:44Z PMID:23136993 count of metastases in the left liver < 1 mm count of micrometastases in the left liver number of micrometastases in the left liver clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003776 number of small metastatic liver tumors in the left liver CMO:0003776 A value or quantity determined by count of small (< 1 mm) metastatic tumors in the left lobes (left lateral lobe and median lobes in rat) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 The distance (< 1 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a micrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A micrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-07-15T15:58:54Z liver micrometastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement PMID:23136993 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003777 small liver metastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement CMO:0003777 The distance (< 1 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a micrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A micrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 The distance (> 3 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a macrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A macrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. slaulede 2021-07-15T16:39:55Z PMID:23136993 liver macrometastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003778 large liver metastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement CMO:0003778 The distance (> 3 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a macrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A macrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cells. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 The distance ( 1-3 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a micrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A micrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cell slaulede 2021-07-15T16:45:52Z liver micrometastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement PMID:23136993 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003779 medium-sized liver metastatic tumorous lesion diameter measurement CMO:0003779 The distance ( 1-3 mm) between two specified opposite points on the periphery of a micrometastatic tumorous lesion found on or in the liver. A micrometastatic tumorous lesion is one that is or has the potential to become a tumor, that is, a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive. Tumorous lesions include tumors, preneoplastic lesions, and hyperplastic lesions composed of histologically normal cell DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 The total number of subjects within a study population which develop peritoneal carcinomatosis during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is multiple tumorsusually metastatic, growing in or on the peritoneum, a serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity . slaulede 2021-07-15T17:03:07Z PMID:23136993 incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003780 percentage of study population developing peritoneal carcinomatosis during a period of time CMO:0003780 The total number of subjects within a study population which develop peritoneal carcinomatosis during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is multiple tumorsusually metastatic, growing in or on the peritoneum, a serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity . DOID:9000016 ISBN-13:9780781733908 A value or quantity determined by count of large ( > 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the left lobes (left lateral lobe and median lobes in rat) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2021-07-15T17:20:25Z PMID:23136993 count of macrometastases in the left liver count of metastases in the left liver > 3 mm number of macrometastases in the left liver clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003781 number of large metastatic liver tumors in the left liver CMO:0003781 A value or quantity determined by count of large ( > 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the left lobes (left lateral lobe and median lobes in rat) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 A value or quantity determined by count of large (> 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the right lobes (right lobes and caudate lobes) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. slaulede 2021-07-15T17:28:23Z PMID:23136993 count of macrometastases in the right liver count of metastases in the right liver > 3 mm number of macrometastases in the right liver clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003782 number of large metastatic liver tumors in the right liver CMO:0003782 A value or quantity determined by count of large (> 3 mm) metastatic tumors in the right lobes (right lobes and caudate lobes) of the liver. A metastatic tumor in the liver is a secondary, abnormal growth of tissue resulting from the spread of cancer cells to the liver from the place where they first formed. DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:002717 PMID:23136993 A calculated measure of the amount of insulin secretion from a single pancreatic islet per unit of time. slaulede 2021-07-16T11:12:57Z PMID:9415976 pancreatic islet insulin output per unit time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003783 pancreatic islet insulin output CMO:0003783 A calculated measure of the amount of insulin secretion from a single pancreatic islet per unit of time. PMID:9415976 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total number of subjects within a study population which develop ascites during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Ascites is the pathological accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. slaulede 2021-07-16T14:51:28Z PMID:10431686 percentage of study population developing abdominal dropsy during a period of time percentage of study population developing excess abdominal fluid during a period of time percentage of study population developing hydroperitoneum during a period of time percentage of study population developing hydroperitonia during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003784 percentage of study population developing ascites during a period of time CMO:0003784 The total number of subjects within a study population which develop ascites during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Ascites is the pathological accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. ISBN-13:9780781733908 MESH:D001201 The number of subjects developing extra-hepatic metastases in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of subjects in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An extra-hepatic metastasis is a neoplasm transferred from one organ or part of the body to another (not liver) remote from the primary site. slaulede 2021-07-16T15:14:11Z PMID:10431686 incidence of extra-hepatic metastases clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003785 percentage of study population developing extra-hepatic metastases during a period of time CMO:0003785 The number of subjects developing extra-hepatic metastases in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of subjects in the study population, expressed as a percentage. An extra-hepatic metastasis is a neoplasm transferred from one organ or part of the body to another (not liver) remote from the primary site. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:10431686 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood. slaulede 2021-07-16T15:34:43Z PMID:10431686 calculated blood CD25(+) cell count calculated blood CD25+ cell count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003786 calculated blood CD25 cell count CMO:0003786 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of lymphocytes expressing the CD25 antigen on their surface in a specified sample of blood. PMID:10431686 Measurement of the thickness of a buildup of an autofluorescent layer containing the nonphagocytosed photoreceptor outer segment (POS) debris in the subretinal space of subjects with retinal disease. The debris zone is located between the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). slaulede 2021-07-19T16:37:08Z PMID:30834174 DZ thickness clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003787 debris zone thickness CMO:0003787 Measurement of the thickness of a buildup of an autofluorescent layer containing the nonphagocytosed photoreceptor outer segment (POS) debris in the subretinal space of subjects with retinal disease. The debris zone is located between the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE). PMID:30834174 The percentage of equilateral right-angled grid elements measuring 3.6 centimeters on a side traversed by an experimental subject into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. slaulede 2021-07-20T18:29:23Z PMID:28341233 % of whole arena area explored clinical_measurement_ontology explored area CMO:0003788 percentage of 13 cm2 floor sectors crossed into, out of or within a discrete space in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003788 The percentage of equilateral right-angled grid elements measuring 3.6 centimeters on a side traversed by an experimental subject into, out of or within a distinct and specified area of an experimental apparatus (especially such a movement accomplished by the action of appendages such as flagella, limbs, or wings) originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before starting any activity of self-cleaning or cleaning another subject. slaulede 2021-07-22T12:38:53Z PMID:28341233 grooming latency clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003789 time to first grooming within an experimental apparatus CMO:0003789 A measurement of the latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before starting any activity of self-cleaning or cleaning another subject. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total amount of time in an experiment that a quadrupedal subject spends in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, rising up on its back legs. slaulede 2021-07-22T12:52:51Z PMID:28341233 duration of rearing overall time of rearing rearing duration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003790 amount of time spent making rearing movements in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003790 The total amount of time in an experiment that a quadrupedal subject spends in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, rising up on its back legs. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before a quadrupedal subject begins rising up on its back legs. slaulede 2021-07-22T13:11:56Z PMID:28341233 rearing latency clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003791 time to first rearing within an experimental apparatus CMO:0003791 A measurement of the latency period spent by an organism or experimental subject in the initial occupied space before a quadrupedal subject begins rising up on its back legs. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurable or observable characteristic related to the motion of the head which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. slaulede 2021-07-22T13:20:25Z PMID:28341233 head motion measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003792 head movement measurement CMO:0003792 Any measurable or observable characteristic related to the motion of the head which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurable or observable characteristic related to a downward motion of the head which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. slaulede 2021-07-22T13:31:23Z PMID:28341233 downward head motion measurement head dipping measurement head dips measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003793 head dip measurement CMO:0003793 Any measurable or observable characteristic related to a downward motion of the head which originated, or was undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of an organism's free will or choice. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose moves its head purposefully in a downward motion. slaulede 2021-07-22T13:37:42Z PMID:28341233 head dips total number of head dips clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003794 number of head dipping movements in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003794 A value or quantity determined by count of how many times a quadrupedal subject in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose moves its head purposefully in a downward motion. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the latency period spent by an subject in the initial occupied space before starting any intentional downward motion of the head. slaulede 2021-07-22T14:03:46Z PMID:28341233 head dip latency head dipping latency head dips latency time to first head dips within an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003795 time to first head dip within an experimental apparatus CMO:0003795 A measurement of the latency period spent by an subject in the initial occupied space before starting any intentional downward motion of the head. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, making intentional downward movements of its head. slaulede 2021-07-22T14:11:07Z PMID:28341233 duration of head dipping duration of head dips head dips duration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003796 amount of time spent making head dipping movements in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003796 The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a distinct and specified area of a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, making intentional downward movements of its head. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The number of glomeruli calculated to be in one kidney from a measured sample of that kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. slaulede 2021-07-22T15:56:54Z PMID:17167120 glomerulus count per kidney clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003797 number of glomeruli per kidney CMO:0003797 The number of glomeruli calculated to be in one kidney from a measured sample of that kidney. Glomeruli are the tufts of capillaries each situated within a Bowman's capsule at the end of a renal tubule in the vertebrate kidney that filter waste products from the blood and thus initiate urine formation. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:17167120 Any count that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. slaulede 2021-07-22T16:02:09Z PMID:23241663 Not4Curation calculated glomerulus count calculated renal glomerulus count clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003798 calculated kidney glomerulus count CMO:0003798 Any count that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli of one or both kidneys, the paired organ which functions to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. PMID:23241663 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A count that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli in a given volume of kidney tissue. slaulede 2021-07-22T16:41:13Z PMID:23241663 number of kidney glomeruli per volume of tissue clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003799 number of glomeruli per volume of kidney CMO:0003799 A count that has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the glomeruli in a given volume of kidney tissue. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:23241663 A measure of the total number of deaths related to chronic hypertension occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-22T17:11:54Z PMID:11907153 incidence of deaths related to chronic hypertension clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003800 ratio of deaths related to chronic hypertension to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003800 A measure of the total number of deaths related to chronic hypertension occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:11907153 A measure of the total number of deaths related to mammary cancer occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-22T17:45:39Z PMID:20737482 incidence of deaths related to mammary cancer clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003801 ratio of deaths related to mammary cancer to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003801 A measure of the total number of deaths related to mammary cancer occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:20737482 A measure of the total number of deaths related to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-23T16:38:37Z PMID:15634914 incidence of deaths related to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003802 ratio of deaths related to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003802 A measure of the total number of deaths related to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:15634914 This is a measure of the total number of metabolic syndrome subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-23T17:23:59Z PMID:23154293 incidence of metabolic syndrome survivors percentage of metabolic syndrome survivors in a study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003803 ratio of survivors of metabolic syndrome to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003803 This is a measure of the total number of metabolic syndrome subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:23154293 The total amount of time in an experiment that a quadrupedal subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, making stretched-attend posture movements, in which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. slaulede 2021-07-26T12:32:54Z PMID:28341233 SAP duration duration of stretched-attend postures stretched-attend postures duration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003804 amount of time spent making stretched-attend posture movements in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003804 The total amount of time in an experiment that a quadrupedal subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, making stretched-attend posture movements, in which the hind legs remain stationary while the body is stretched forward with head raised. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the latency period spent by an subject in the initial occupied space of an experimental apparatus before starting any stretched-attend posture movement. slaulede 2021-07-26T12:39:50Z PMID:28341233 SAP latency stretched-attend posture movement latency time to first stretched-attend posture movement within an experimental apparatus clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003805 time to first stretched-attend posture movement within an experimental apparatus CMO:0003805 A measurement of the latency period spent by an subject in the initial occupied space of an experimental apparatus before starting any stretched-attend posture movement. PMID:28341233 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of time, movement type, or location of a subject's exploration of an object, location, or other entity. slaulede 2021-07-26T13:49:51Z PMID:28341233 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003806 exploratory movement measurement CMO:0003806 A measurement of time, movement type, or location of a subject's exploration of an object, location, or other entity. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, exploring a novel object. slaulede 2021-07-26T14:20:55Z PMID:28341233 duration of new object exploration duration of novel object exploration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003807 amount of time spent exploring a novel object in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003807 The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, exploring a novel object. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, exploring a familiar object. slaulede 2021-07-26T14:27:13Z PMID:28341233 duration of familiar object exploration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003808 amount of time spent exploring a familiar object in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003808 The total amount of time in an experiment that a subject spends in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, an appliance, or a device designed for a particular purpose, exploring a familiar object. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measure of the total number of deaths related to 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) toxicity occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-26T18:13:14Z CHEBI:254496 MESH:D015127 PMID:20737482 ratio of deaths related to 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene toxicity to total study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003809 ratio of deaths related to DMBA toxicity to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003809 A measure of the total number of deaths related to 7,12-Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) toxicity occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 A measure of the total number of deaths related to left ventricular hypertrophy occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-07-27T11:35:11Z PMID:17551266 incidence of deaths related to left ventricular hypertrophy clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003810 ratio of deaths related to left ventricular hypertrophy to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003810 A measure of the total number of deaths related to left ventricular hypertrophy occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:17551266 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the renal cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. slaulede 2021-07-27T17:26:08Z PMID:3199667 kidney cortex morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003811 renal cortex morphological measurement CMO:0003811 Measurement of the physical form or structure of the renal cortex, the outer part of the kidney, composed mainly of glomeruli and convoluted tubules. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the outer extent of a plane perpendicular through the hilum, the opening on the medial margin of the kidney leading into the renal sinus. Its value may be calculated from or measured via a microscopic image. slaulede 2021-07-27T17:46:05Z PMID:3199667 kidney cortex cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003812 renal cortex cross-sectional area CMO:0003812 A measurement of the outer extent of a plane perpendicular through the hilum, the opening on the medial margin of the kidney leading into the renal sinus. Its value may be calculated from or measured via a microscopic image. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of average carotid artery blood flow velocity, the speed with which blood moves along the circulation in any particular segment of carotid artery. Blood flow velocity is related directly to blood flow and inversely to cross-sectional area. Blood flow velocity can be measured indirectly by Doppler ultrasound slaulede 2021-07-29T15:24:26Z carotid flow velocity PMID:29498562 mean carotid artery blood flow velocity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003813 carotid artery blood flow velocity CMO:0003813 Measurement of average carotid artery blood flow velocity, the speed with which blood moves along the circulation in any particular segment of carotid artery. Blood flow velocity is related directly to blood flow and inversely to cross-sectional area. Blood flow velocity can be measured indirectly by Doppler ultrasound https://www.merriam-webster.com/ https://www.sciencedirect.com Measurement of peak carotid artery blood flow velocity, the top speed (systolic) with which blood moves along the circulation in any particular segment of carotid artery. Blood flow velocity is related directly to blood flow and inversely to cross-sectional area. Blood flow velocity can be measured indirectly by Doppler ultrasound slaulede 2021-07-29T15:31:59Z peak (systolic) flow velocity PMID:29498562 peak carotid artery flow velocity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003814 peak carotid artery blood flow velocity CMO:0003814 Measurement of peak carotid artery blood flow velocity, the top speed (systolic) with which blood moves along the circulation in any particular segment of carotid artery. Blood flow velocity is related directly to blood flow and inversely to cross-sectional area. Blood flow velocity can be measured indirectly by Doppler ultrasound https://www.merriam-webster.com/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/nursing-and-health-professions/blood-flow-velocity Cerebral blood flow (CBF) rate is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting the brain, through a network of cerebral arteries and veins, per unit time slaulede 2021-07-29T16:36:46Z EFO:0007980 PMID:27403447 PMID:29498562 CBF rate cerebral blood flow measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003815 cerebral blood flow rate CMO:0003815 Cerebral blood flow (CBF) rate is the volume of blood delivered to or exiting the brain, through a network of cerebral arteries and veins, per unit time PMID:27403447 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is the number, i.e., the quantity determined by count, of implanted blastocysts, products of one gestation produced during one pregnancy in a multiparous mammal. slaulede 2021-08-02T17:44:42Z PMID:3347907 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003816 number of blastocysts implanted per litter CMO:0003816 This is the number, i.e., the quantity determined by count, of implanted blastocysts, products of one gestation produced during one pregnancy in a multiparous mammal. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with external malformations is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-02T18:25:23Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with external malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003817 number of fetuses with external malformations to total number of live fetuses ratio CMO:0003817 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with external malformations is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of dead offspring in a litter or prospective litter. A litter or prospective litter refers to the products of one gestation produced by a multiparous mammal. slaulede 2021-08-02T18:37:00Z PMID:3347907 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003818 calculated offspring mortality measurement CMO:0003818 Any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the number of dead offspring in a litter or prospective litter. A litter or prospective litter refers to the products of one gestation produced by a multiparous mammal. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with exencephaly is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Exencephaly is a rare malformation of the neural tube with a large amount of protruding brain tissue and absence of calvarium. slaulede 2021-08-02T18:54:04Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with exencephaly percent of fetuses with protruding brain tissue and absence of calvarium clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003819 number of fetuses with exencephaly to total number of live fetuses ratio CMO:0003819 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with exencephaly is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Exencephaly is a rare malformation of the neural tube with a large amount of protruding brain tissue and absence of calvarium. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:21887200 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with brain hernia is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Fetal brain tissue herniation occurs through a congenital defect in the skull. slaulede 2021-08-03T12:27:32Z PMID:3347907 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003820 number of fetuses with brain hernia to total number of live fetuses ratio CMO:0003820 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with brain hernia is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Fetal brain tissue herniation occurs through a congenital defect in the skull. ISBN-13:9780781733908 MESH:D004677 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with eye malformations is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The eye malformations may include anophthalmia, microphthalmia, etc. slaulede 2021-08-03T12:51:18Z PMID:3347907 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003821 number of fetuses with eye malformations to total number of live fetuses ratio CMO:0003821 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with eye malformations is divided by the total number of live fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The eye malformations may include anophthalmia, microphthalmia, etc. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with visceral malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-03T13:15:13Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with internal malformations percent of fetuses with visceral malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003822 number of fetuses with visceral malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003822 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with visceral malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with hydrocephaly is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Hydrocephaly is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. slaulede 2021-08-03T13:25:46Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with hydrocephaly clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003823 number of fetuses with hydrocephaly to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003823 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with hydrocephaly is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Hydrocephaly is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cardiovascular malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Cardiovascular malformations include conditions such as ventricular septal defect, common atrioventricular canal, transposition of great arteries, and right aortic arch. slaulede 2021-08-03T13:35:38Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with cardiovascular malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003824 number of fetuses with cardiovascular malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003824 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cardiovascular malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. Cardiovascular malformations include conditions such as ventricular septal defect, common atrioventricular canal, transposition of great arteries, and right aortic arch. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:3347907 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with renal malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-03T13:58:18Z PMID:3347907 number of fetuses with malformation of kidneys to total number of fetuses ratio percent of fetuses with renal malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003825 number of fetuses with renal malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003825 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with renal malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with left umbilical artery is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. In a rat fetus the right umbilical artery tends to remain patent while the left becomes closed near the end of gestation. slaulede 2021-08-03T14:40:05Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with left umbilical artery clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003826 number of fetuses with left umbilical artery to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003826 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with left umbilical artery is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. In a rat fetus the right umbilical artery tends to remain patent while the left becomes closed near the end of gestation. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:2391780 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with skeletal malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T12:35:08Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with malformations of the skeleton percent of fetuses with skeletal malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003827 number of fetuses with skeletal malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003827 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with skeletal malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cranial malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T12:40:11Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with cranial malformations percent of fetuses with malformations of the cranium clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003828 number of fetuses with cranial malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003828 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cranial malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with one or more vertebral malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T12:56:09Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with malformations of the vertebrae percent of fetuses with vertebral malformations clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003829 number of fetuses with vertebral malformations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003829 A calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with one or more vertebral malformations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with skeletal variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T13:22:19Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with skeletal variations percent of fetuses with variations of the skeleton clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003830 number of fetuses with skeletal variations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003830 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with skeletal variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with sternum variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T15:07:23Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with sternum variations percent of fetuses with variations of the sternum clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003831 number of fetuses with sternum variations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003831 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with sternum variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cervical rib variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T15:15:07Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with cervical rib variations percent of fetuses with variations of the cervical ribs clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003832 number of fetuses with cervical rib variations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003832 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with cervical rib variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with lumbar rib variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T15:21:28Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with lumbar rib variations percent of fetuses with variations of the lumbar ribs clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003833 number of fetuses with lumbar rib variations to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003833 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with lumbar rib variations is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with an ossified anterior arch of atlas is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T15:28:22Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses with an ossified anterior arch of atlas percent of fetuses with ossification of the anterior arch of atlas clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003834 number of fetuses with an ossified anterior arch of atlas to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003834 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses with an ossified anterior arch of atlas is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses without an ossified first cervical vertebral body is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-08-09T15:46:39Z PMID:3347907 percent of fetuses without an ossified first cervical vertebral body percent of fetuses without ossification of the first cervical vertebral body clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003835 number of fetuses without an ossified first cervical vertebral body to total number of fetuses ratio CMO:0003835 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of fetuses without an ossified first cervical vertebral body is divided by the total number of fetuses in the prospective litter, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. slaulede 2021-08-09T17:23:22Z PMID:6744286 post-insult time of death from IgM lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003836 post-insult time of death from IgM immunocytoma CMO:0003836 This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. DOID:0050747 PMID:6744286 Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. slaulede 2021-08-27T17:18:03Z PMID:22258067 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003837 calculated capillary measurement CMO:0003837 Any measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. MP:0003658 A calculated number of capillaries associated with a sampled cross-sectional area of left ventricular myocardium, the muscular layer of the ventricle. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. slaulede 2021-08-27T17:28:15Z capillary density PMID:22258067 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003838 number of capillaries per cross-sectional area of left ventricular myocardium CMO:0003838 A calculated number of capillaries associated with a sampled cross-sectional area of left ventricular myocardium, the muscular layer of the ventricle. Capillaries are the minute vessels connecting arterioles and venules, the walls of which act as a semipermeable membrane for interchange of various substances between the blood and tissue fluid. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in pursuit of a target in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. slaulede 2021-09-09T12:52:22Z PMID:16837653 total horizontal distance resulting from voluntary locomotion in pursuit of a platform in a Morris water maze clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003839 total horizontal distance resulting from voluntary locomotion in pursuit of a target in an experimental apparatus CMO:0003839 Measurement of the linear equivalent of the extent of forward progress attained via the movement of an individual along a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon in pursuit of a target in a piece of technical equipment or machinery, or in an appliance or device designed for a particular purpose originated, undertaken, controlled, or accomplished as a result of free will or choice. PMID:16837653 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a cardiac myocyte, striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei. slaulede 2021-09-09T18:12:17Z PMID:22258067 cardiac fiber cross-sectional area cardiac muscle fiber cross-sectional area cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area heart muscle cell cross-sectional area striated cardiac muscle cell cross-sectional area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003840 cardiac myocyte cross-sectional area CMO:0003840 A measurement of the extent of a plane through, that is, perpendicular to the axis of, a cardiac myocyte, striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. In mammals, the contractile fiber resembles those of skeletal muscle but are only one third as large in diameter, are richer in sarcoplasm, and contain centrally located instead of peripheral nuclei. CL:0000746 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is a calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of serum is subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids slaulede 2021-10-04T12:56:44Z non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement EFO:0005689 PMID:30208622 serum NHDL cholesterol level serum non-HDL cholesterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003841 serum non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0003841 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of serum is subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:30208622 This is the fraction of a drug entering the liver in the blood which is irreversibly removed (extracted) during one pass of the blood through the liver. The hepatic extraction fraction (HEF) depends on the hepatic blood flow, uptake into hepatocytes, and enzyme metabolism. HEF can be calculated using deconvolution analysis of the liver using scintigraphic data. slaulede 2021-10-04T15:36:37Z PMID:30208622 hepatic extraction ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003842 hepatic extraction fraction true CMO:0003842 This is the fraction of a drug entering the liver in the blood which is irreversibly removed (extracted) during one pass of the blood through the liver. The hepatic extraction fraction (HEF) depends on the hepatic blood flow, uptake into hepatocytes, and enzyme metabolism. HEF can be calculated using deconvolution analysis of the liver using scintigraphic data. PMID:8429339 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraction_ratio Any measurement relating to the function of the liver or any part thereof. The liver functions in the detoxification of xenobiotics, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. slaulede 2021-10-04T15:49:04Z PMID:30208622 hepatic physiological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003843 liver physiological measurement CMO:0003843 Any measurement relating to the function of the liver or any part thereof. The liver functions in the detoxification of xenobiotics, synthesis and storage of glycogen, synthesis and breakdown of fats and temporary storage of fatty acids, and synthesis of serum proteins. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ A measurement of any functional parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2021-10-04T15:55:50Z PMID:30208622 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003844 calculated liver physiological measurement CMO:0003844 A measurement of any functional parameter in a specified sample of liver, when that measurement has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which the C-8 position of the guanine base has a carbonyl group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. slaulede 2021-10-04T17:16:03Z PMID:30208622 8-OHdG 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003845 urine 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level CMO:0003845 This is a common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which the C-8 position of the guanine base has a carbonyl group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. CHEBI:40304 MESH:D000080242 This is the fraction of a drug entering the liver from the blood which is irreversibly removed (extracted) during one pass of the blood through the liver. The hepatic extraction fraction (HEF) depends on the hepatic blood flow, uptake into hepatocytes, and enzyme metabolism. HEF can be calculated using deconvolution analysis of the liver using scintigraphic data. slaulede 2021-10-07T18:23:40Z CMO:0003842 PMID:30208622 HEF hepatic extraction fraction hepatic extraction ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003846 hepatic extraction fraction CMO:0003846 This is the fraction of a drug entering the liver from the blood which is irreversibly removed (extracted) during one pass of the blood through the liver. The hepatic extraction fraction (HEF) depends on the hepatic blood flow, uptake into hepatocytes, and enzyme metabolism. HEF can be calculated using deconvolution analysis of the liver using scintigraphic data. PMID:8429339 https://derangedphysiology.com https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraction_ratio The distance between the crown of the head and the back end of an organism. slaulede 2021-10-08T15:02:10Z PMID:22871889 body length, top of head to rump clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003847 body length, crown to rump CMO:0003847 The distance between the crown of the head and the back end of an organism. PMID:22871889 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the number of ureteric bud tips calculated to be in one kidney from a measured sample of that kidney. Ureteric bud tips are at the terminal ends of the ureteric tree. The ureteric tip cells are proliferating immature cells located at the branching points that induce the adjacent cap mesenchyme to undergo nephrogenesis. slaulede 2021-10-11T16:34:29Z PMID:22871889 ureteric bud tip count per kidney clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003848 number of ureteric bud tips per kidney CMO:0003848 This is a measurement of the number of ureteric bud tips calculated to be in one kidney from a measured sample of that kidney. Ureteric bud tips are at the terminal ends of the ureteric tree. The ureteric tip cells are proliferating immature cells located at the branching points that induce the adjacent cap mesenchyme to undergo nephrogenesis. ISBN-13:9780781733908 UBERON:0006364 A calculated measurement in which the average number of glomeruli calculated to be in one kidney is divided by the average number of ureteric bud tips calculated to be in one kidney and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to one kidney. slaulede 2021-10-11T17:17:48Z PMID:22871889 count of glomeruli per kidney to count of ureteric bud tips per kidney ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003849 number of glomeruli per kidney to number of ureteric bud tips per kidney ratio CMO:0003849 A calculated measurement in which the average number of glomeruli calculated to be in one kidney is divided by the average number of ureteric bud tips calculated to be in one kidney and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to one kidney. ISBN-13:9780781733908 UBERON:0006364 A calculated value in which the total amount of protein in a kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. slaulede 2021-10-21T18:44:50Z PMID:2838080 total weight of kidney protein to whole kidney weight ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003850 total kidney protein to kidney weight ratio CMO:0003850 A calculated value in which the total amount of protein in a kidney is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio thus normalizing it to body weight. PMID:2838080 The diameter across the inside of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. slaulede 2021-10-26T15:27:30Z LVIDs heart left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter left ventricular internal dimension at systole clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003851 heart left ventricle end-systolic internal diameter CMO:0003851 The diameter across the inside of the left ventricle of the heart at the end of systole, that is, when the heart muscle is maximally contracted, and usually corresponds to its smallest diameter. PMID:32207065 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity, the level of ouabain-sensitivity activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase. slaulede 2021-10-28T18:41:06Z PMID:1390856 calculated red blood cell ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase activity clinical_measurement_ontology not4curation CMO:0003852 calculated red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity CMO:0003852 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity, the level of ouabain-sensitivity activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase. PMID:1390856 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity, the level of ouabain-sensitivity activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, a reaction that accomplishes the transport of three Na+ to the outside of the cell and the transport of two K+ ions to the inside. slaulede 2021-10-28T18:59:36Z PMID:1390856 rate constant of red blood cell ouabain-sensitive Na+/K+ ATPase activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003853 rate constant of red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity CMO:0003853 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the red blood cell Na+/K+ ATPase activity, the level of ouabain-sensitivity activity of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, a reaction that accomplishes the transport of three Na+ to the outside of the cell and the transport of two K+ ions to the inside. PMID:1390856 http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/nakpump.html A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity, the action of the symporter that transports two chloride ions for every sodium and potassium ion transported, thus maintaining electroneutrality. slaulede 2021-10-29T16:40:31Z PMID:1390856 calculated red blood cell Na-K-Cl simporter activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003854 calculated red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity CMO:0003854 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity, the action of the symporter that transports two chloride ions for every sodium and potassium ion transported, thus maintaining electroneutrality. PMID:1390856 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity, the level of ouabain-resistant, bumetanide-sensitive, simporter activity in the erythrocyte cell membrane. slaulede 2021-10-29T16:48:00Z PMID:1390856 rate constant of red blood cell Na-K-Cl simporter activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003855 rate constant of red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity CMO:0003855 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the red blood cell Na-K-Cl cotransport activity, the level of ouabain-resistant, bumetanide-sensitive, simporter activity in the erythrocyte cell membrane. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123972668001915 Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is blocked from being exported by ouabain inhibition of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. slaulede 2021-11-02T15:39:16Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 OS erythrocyte Na+ extrusion rate ouabain-sensitive erythrocyte Na+ export rate ouabain-sensitive erythrocyte Na+ extrusion rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003856 ouabain-sensitive red blood cell Na+ export rate CMO:0003856 Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is blocked from being exported by ouabain inhibition of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is blocked from being imported by ouabain inhibition of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. Rubidium is sometimes assayed as a substitute for potassium. slaulede 2021-11-02T15:46:01Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 OS erythrocyte K+ uptake rate ouabain-sensitive erythrocyte K+ import rate ouabain-sensitive erythrocyte K+ uptake rate clinical_measurement_ontology ouabain-sensitive red blood cell Rb+ import rate CMO:0003857 ouabain-sensitive red blood cell K+ import rate CMO:0003857 Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is blocked from being imported by ouabain inhibition of the erythrocyte sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase, an enzyme which catalyzes the active, ATP-dependent transport of sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. Rubidium is sometimes assayed as a substitute for potassium. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is blocked from being imported by bumetanide inhibition of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. slaulede 2021-11-02T16:09:44Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 bumetanide-sensitive Na+ extrusion rate bumetanide-sensitive erythrocyte Na+ export rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003858 bumetanide-sensitive red blood cell Na+ export rate CMO:0003858 Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is blocked from being imported by bumetanide inhibition of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is blocked from being imported by bumetanide inhibition of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. Rubidium is sometimes assayed as a substitute for potassium. slaulede 2021-11-02T16:39:33Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 bumetanide-sensitive K+ uptake rate bumetanide-sensitive erythrocyte K+ import rate bumetanide-sensitive red blood cell Rb+ import rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003859 bumetanide-sensitive red blood cell K+ import rate CMO:0003859 Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is blocked from being imported by bumetanide inhibition of the erythrocyte membrane transport protein that transports sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane into erythrocytes, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. Rubidium is sometimes assayed as a substitute for potassium. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is imported despite ouabain and bumetanide inhibition of the Na+/K+ ATPase and Na-K-Cl symporter that transport sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. slaulede 2021-11-02T17:03:52Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 Na+ passive permeability ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant erythrocyte Na+ import rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003860 ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant red blood cell Na+ import rate CMO:0003860 Measurement of the amount of sodium ion that is imported despite ouabain and bumetanide inhibition of the Na+/K+ ATPase and Na-K-Cl symporter that transport sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is imported despite ouabain and bumetanide inhibition of the Na+/K+ ATPase and Na-K-Cl symporter that transport sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. slaulede 2021-11-02T17:26:39Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant erythrocyte K+ import rate clinical_measurement_ontology ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant red blood cell Rb+ import rate CMO:0003861 ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant red blood cell K+ import rate CMO:0003861 Measurement of the amount of potassium ion that is imported despite ouabain and bumetanide inhibition of the Na+/K+ ATPase and Na-K-Cl symporter that transport sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) ions across the cell membrane, in a specified volume of red blood cells during a specified unit of time. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na%2B/K%2B-ATPase https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na-K-Cl_cotransporter A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell sodium and potassium ion flux into erythrocytes in the presence of a sodium-potassium pump inhibitor (ouabain) and a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter inhibitor (furosemide or bumetamide). slaulede 2021-11-02T17:44:15Z PMID:12887131 PMID:3611769 Not4Curation calculated erythrocyte sodium/potassium passive permeability calculated ouabain- and bumetanide-resistant sodium/potassium flux clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003862 calculated red blood cell sodium/potassium passive permeability CMO:0003862 A measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation of the red blood cell sodium and potassium ion flux into erythrocytes in the presence of a sodium-potassium pump inhibitor (ouabain) and a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter inhibitor (furosemide or bumetamide). PMID:1390856 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the net effect of blocking both the Na/K pump and Na-K-Cl cotransporters in red blood cells. It is essentially a measurement of the level of ouabain-resistant, bumetanide-sensitive ion flux in the erythrocyte cell membrane. slaulede 2021-11-04T14:33:22Z PMID:1390856 rate constant of red blood cell sodium/potassium passive permeability clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003863 rate constant of red blood cell sodium/potassium passive permeability CMO:0003863 A measurement which has been derived by computation of the net effect of blocking both the Na/K pump and Na-K-Cl cotransporters in red blood cells. It is essentially a measurement of the level of ouabain-resistant, bumetanide-sensitive ion flux in the erythrocyte cell membrane. PMID:1390856 http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/nakpump.html A calculated measurement in which the average volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerotic changes is divided by the total average total volume of glomerular capillary tuft with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to total of glomerular capillary tuft volume. slaulede 2021-11-05T17:36:50Z PMID:16395266 percentage of tuft volume affected by sclerosis clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003864 volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerosis to volume of total glomerular capillary tuft ratio CMO:0003864 A calculated measurement in which the average volume of glomerular capillary tuft occupied by sclerotic changes is divided by the total average total volume of glomerular capillary tuft with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to total of glomerular capillary tuft volume. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:16395266 A calculated measurement in which the average number of healthy glomeruli per subject is divided by the average total number of glomeruli per subject with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to total number of glomeruli. slaulede 2021-11-05T18:01:34Z PMID:16395266 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003865 healthy glomeruli to total glomeruli ratio CMO:0003865 A calculated measurement in which the average number of healthy glomeruli per subject is divided by the average total number of glomeruli per subject with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to total number of glomeruli. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:16395266 This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of a doxorubicin treatment protocol for an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. slaulede 2021-11-08T15:30:04Z CHEBI:28748 PMID:6744286 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003866 post-treatment survival time from doxorubicin-treated IgM immunocytoma CMO:0003866 This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of a doxorubicin treatment protocol for an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. DOID:0050747 PMID:6744286 This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of a drug treatment protocol for an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. slaulede 2021-11-09T11:20:08Z PMID:6744286 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003867 post-treatment survival time from drug-treated IgM immunocytoma CMO:0003867 This is a measurement of the length of time between introduction of a drug treatment protocol for an IgM immunocytoma and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. DOID:0050747 PMID:6744286 A measurement of the amount of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in a specified volume of blood. slaulede 2021-11-09T14:33:28Z BNP measurement atrial natriuretic factor measurement EFO:0004789 EFO:0006920 PMID:22258067 blood Nppb level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003868 blood B-type natriuretic peptide level CMO:0003868 A measurement of the amount of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in a specified volume of blood. ISBN-13:9780781733908 RGD:3194 A calculated value in which sum of the weight of the left ventricle and the weight of the interventricular septum is divided by the total weight of the body with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. slaulede 2021-11-19T17:25:30Z PMID:15721482 LV+SEP/BW clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003869 heart left ventricle plus septum weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003869 A calculated value in which sum of the weight of the left ventricle and the weight of the interventricular septum is divided by the total weight of the body with the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to body weight and by extension to the size of the organism. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:15721482 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display metastatic liver tumors at a point in time or develop metastatic liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. slaulede 2021-12-17T14:26:16Z metastatic hepatic tumor incidence/prevalence measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0003870 metastatic liver tumor incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003870 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display metastatic liver tumors at a point in time or develop metastatic liver tumors within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The number of new cases of metastatic liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. slaulede 2021-12-17T14:33:01Z metastatic hepatic tumor incidence metastatic liver tumor incidence percentage of study population developing metastatic hepatic tumors during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003871 percentage of study population developing metastatic liver tumors during a period of time CMO:0003871 The number of new cases of metastatic liver tumors appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the number of individuals in a study population which display metastatic liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. slaulede 2021-12-17T14:59:15Z metastatic hepatic tumor prevalence metastatic liver tumor prevalence percentage of study population displaying metastatic hepatic tumors at a point in time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003872 percentage of study population displaying metastatic liver tumors at a point in time CMO:0003872 This is a measurement of the number of individuals in a study population which display metastatic liver tumors at a certain point in time compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. A metastatic liver tumor is a neoplasm or new growth of tissue in which cell multiplication is more or less uncontrolled and progressive occurring in, but originating distant to the liver. ISBN-13:9780781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measure of the total number of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2021-12-23T13:50:57Z PMID:25303613 incidence of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor survivors percentage of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor survivors in a study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003873 ratio of survivors of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003873 This is a measure of the total number of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor subjects within a study population which remain alive during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:25303613 This is a measurement of the length of time between an injection of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and the death of the subject as a result of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. slaulede 2022-02-01T14:52:35Z PMID:21427360 post-insult time of death due to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003874 post-insult time of death due to ENU-induced malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors CMO:0003874 This is a measurement of the length of time between an injection of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) and the death of the subject as a result of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:21427360 A measure of the total number of deaths related to 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (FUDR) toxicity occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2022-02-15T13:48:27Z 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine treatment mortality FUDR treatment mortality ratio of deaths related to 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine toxicity to total study population during a period of time clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003875 ratio of deaths related to FUDR toxicity to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003875 A measure of the total number of deaths related to 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (FUDR) toxicity occurring during a specified period of time within a study population divided by the total number of individuals in the study population and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. CHEBI:60761 PMID:7818325 This is the level of urea in the blood; converted from urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. slaulede 2022-02-25T09:23:49Z blood urea concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003876 blood urea level CMO:0003876 This is the level of urea in the blood; converted from urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is the level of urea in blood serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. This value can be determined by converting urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. slaulede 2022-02-25T09:49:54Z EFO:0009795 serum urea concentration serum urea measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003877 serum urea level CMO:0003877 This is the level of urea in blood serum, i.e. blood plasma from which clotting factors have been removed. This value can be determined by converting urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is the level of urea in blood plasma, i.e. blood from which cells and cellular components have been removed. This value can be determined by converting urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. slaulede 2022-02-25T10:04:14Z plasma urea concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003878 plasma urea level CMO:0003878 This is the level of urea in blood plasma, i.e. blood from which cells and cellular components have been removed. This value can be determined by converting urea nitrogen to urea concentration by multiplying urea nitrogen concentration by 60/28 or 2.14. Urea is the chief nitrogenous end product of protein metabolism in whole blood. Urea is formed in the liver from amino acids and from ammonia compounds and can be found in urine, blood, and lymph. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measure of the total number of subjects within a study population which remain alive despite a propensity to suffer from meconium ileus during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2022-02-28T17:05:40Z PMID:32084371 incidence of meconium ileus survivors clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003879 ratio of survivors of meconium ileus to total study population during a period of time CMO:0003879 This is a measure of the total number of subjects within a study population which remain alive despite a propensity to suffer from meconium ileus during a specified period of time divided by the total number of individuals in the study population, presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:32084371 https://www.merriam-webster.com Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display meconium ileuss at a point in time or develop meconium ileus within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Meconium ileus is intestinal obstruction due to inspissated meconium in the distal ileum and cecum, which develops in utero and presents shortly after birth as a failure to pass meconium. slaulede 2022-02-28T17:40:25Z meconium ileus incidence/prevalence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003880 meconium ileus incidence/prevalence measurement CMO:0003880 Any measurement in which the number of individuals in a study population that display meconium ileuss at a point in time or develop meconium ileus within a determined period of time are compared to the total number of individuals in the study population. Often expressed as a percentage but could be expressed as a ratio. Meconium ileus is intestinal obstruction due to inspissated meconium in the distal ileum and cecum, which develops in utero and presents shortly after birth as a failure to pass meconium. OMIM:614665 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is the number of new cases of meconium ileus appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Meconium ileus is intestinal obstruction due to inspissated meconium in the distal ileum and cecum, which develops in utero and presents shortly after birth as a failure to pass meconium. slaulede 2022-02-28T17:46:15Z PMID:32084371 incidence of meconium ileus meconium ileus incidence clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003881 percentage of study population developing meconium ileus during a period of time CMO:0003881 This is the number of new cases of meconium ileus appearing in a study population during a certain period compared to the total number of individuals in the study population, expressed as a percentage. Meconium ileus is intestinal obstruction due to inspissated meconium in the distal ileum and cecum, which develops in utero and presents shortly after birth as a failure to pass meconium. OMIM:614665 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is a measurement of the length of time between experimental introduction of metastatic liver tumors and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. slaulede 2022-03-01T18:35:37Z PMID:30309203 post-insult time of death as a result of metastatic liver tumors post-insult time of death due to colonic adenocarcinoma PROb cells clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003882 post-insult time of death due to metastatic liver tumors CMO:0003882 This is a measurement of the length of time between experimental introduction of metastatic liver tumors and the death of the subject, i.e. the cessation of all vital functions of the body including the heartbeat, brain activity (including the brain stem), and breathing. PMID:30309203 https://www.merriam-webster.com The concentration of carbon dioxide (the product of the combustion of carbon with an excess of oxygen) in blood serum. jrsmith 2022-03-31T16:10:47Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003883 serum carbon dioxide level CMO:0003883 A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. slaulede 2022-04-04T14:16:46Z serum glucose AUC clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003884 serum glucose level area under curve (AUC) CMO:0003884 A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of glucose in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. slaulede 2022-04-04T14:37:24Z serum insulin AUC clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003885 serum insulin level area under curve (AUC) CMO:0003885 A calculated value in which a series of measurements of the amount of insulin in a specified volume of serum is plotted against time and the extent of the two dimensional region bounded by the curve and the axes of the graph is determined. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Area_under_curve This is a measurement which has been derived by addition of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis and the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. slaulede 2022-04-21T18:20:35Z PMID:25573024 combined perirenal and epididymal fat pad weight combined perirenal and gonadal fat pad weight combined renal and epididymal fat pad weight clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003886 combined renal and gonadal fat pad weight CMO:0003886 This is a measurement which has been derived by addition of the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue surrounding the epididymis and the weight of the encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the kidney. PMID:25573024 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) found in a specified tissue. slaulede 2022-06-02T15:20:26Z tissue DNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003887 tissue deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003887 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) found in a specified tissue. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of one or more deoxyribonucleic acids, the molecules that are usually the molecular basis of heredity, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. slaulede 2022-06-02T15:31:10Z PMID:25264749 calculated tissue DNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003888 calculated tissue deoxyribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003888 This is a measurement of one or more deoxyribonucleic acids, the molecules that are usually the molecular basis of heredity, which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of mitochondrial DNA in a specified sample of tissue is divided by the amount of nuclear DNA in the same sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to nuclear DNA level. slaulede 2022-06-02T15:36:27Z PMID:25264749 tissue mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid to nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003889 tissue mitochondrial DNA to nuclear DNA ratio CMO:0003889 This is a calculated measurement in which the amount of mitochondrial DNA in a specified sample of tissue is divided by the amount of nuclear DNA in the same sample and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to nuclear DNA level. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. slaulede 2022-06-03T14:55:16Z EFO:0008474 PMID:22446865 calculated BMD measurement calculated bone density measurement spine bone mineral density change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0003890 calculated bone mineral density measurement CMO:0003890 This is a measurement, the value of which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the mass of mineral per unit volume of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_density https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the sum of the bone mineral density in all of the bones measured is divided by the total number of bones or types of bones measured. This measurement represents an average bone mineral density across different bones. slaulede 2022-06-03T15:16:01Z PMID:22446865 total BMD total bone density clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003891 total bone mineral density CMO:0003891 This is a calculated measurement in which the sum of the bone mineral density in all of the bones measured is divided by the total number of bones or types of bones measured. This measurement represents an average bone mineral density across different bones. PMID:22446865 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This calculated measurement is the range of change in renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. slaulede 2022-07-08T13:11:02Z PMID:15458950 range of ratio of change in RSNA range of renal sympathetic nerve activity changes during variation of mean arterial blood pressure ratio of change in renal sympathetic nerve activity (range) range of percentage of change in RSNA range of percentage of change in renal sympathetic nerve activity clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003892 range of RSNA changes during variation of MAP CMO:0003892 This calculated measurement is the range of change in renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. PMID:15458950 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This calculated value is the average slope of the curve defined by the change in renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. slaulede 2022-07-08T14:10:40Z PMID:15458950 change in renal sympathetic nerve activity to change in mean arterial blood pressure ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003893 change in RSNA to change in MAP ratio CMO:0003893 This calculated value is the average slope of the curve defined by the change in renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. PMID:15458950 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This calculated value is the value of the mean arterial blood pressure at the midpoint of the curve defined by the change of renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. slaulede 2022-07-08T14:27:18Z PMID:15458950 MAP50 of RSNA range clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003894 mean arterial pressure at the midpoint of a range of renal sympathetic nerve activity CMO:0003894 This calculated value is the value of the mean arterial blood pressure at the midpoint of the curve defined by the change of renal sympathetic nerve activity relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 PMID:15458950 This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of mean arterial blood pressure, the average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time. slaulede 2022-07-08T15:09:23Z PMID:15458950 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003895 calculated mean arterial blood pressure measurement CMO:0003895 This is a measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of mean arterial blood pressure, the average blood pressure within an artery over a specified period of time. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This calculated measurement is the range of change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. slaulede 2022-07-11T16:35:24Z range of change in HR during changes in MAP range of change in heart rate during changes in mean arterial blood pressure range of variation in HR during variation in MAP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003896 range of heart rate variation during variation of mean arterial blood pressure CMO:0003896 This calculated measurement is the range of change in heart rate (the number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time) relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure (the average force the blood exerts on an artery wall) over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. PMID:15458950 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This calculated value is the value of the mean arterial blood pressure at the midpoint of the curve defined by the change of heart rate relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. slaulede 2022-07-11T16:44:02Z MAP50 of HR range clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003897 mean arterial pressure at the midpoint of a range of heart rates CMO:0003897 This calculated value is the value of the mean arterial blood pressure at the midpoint of the curve defined by the change of heart rate relative to the change in mean arterial blood pressure over time and/or in response to a change in conditions. PMID:15458950 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ The amount of cationic potassium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. slaulede 2022-07-12T17:21:53Z CSF K+ concentration CSF potassium concentration CSF potassium ion concentration clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003898 cerebrospinal fluid potassium level CMO:0003898 The amount of cationic potassium in a specified volume of cerebrospinal fluid. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 The amount of chylomicron cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. slaulede 2022-08-12T15:50:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003899 calculated plasma chylomicron cholesterol level CMO:0003899 The amount of chylomicron cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. Chylomicrons are a class of lipoproteins (approximate density range <0.95 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 The amount of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. VLDL are a class of lipoproteins (typical density in plasma between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles. slaulede 2022-08-12T16:33:45Z EFO:0020857 calculated plasma VLDL cholesterol level very low density lipoprotein cholesterol change measurement clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0003900 calculated plasma very low density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0003900 The amount of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. VLDL are a class of lipoproteins (typical density in plasma between 0.95 and 1.006 g/ml) that transport exogenous triglycerides and cholesterol from the small intestine to other tissues. VLDL constitute a class of large (e.g. approximately 30-80 nm in diameter) lipoprotein particles. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php This is a calculated measurement in which the value for chylomicron cholesterol and the value for very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are added together for an approximation of non-HDL, non-LDL cholesterol in that same sample. slaulede 2022-08-12T16:53:43Z plasma chylomicron and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003901 plasma chylomicron and VLDL cholesterol level CMO:0003901 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for chylomicron cholesterol and the value for very low density lipoprotein cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are added together for an approximation of non-HDL, non-LDL cholesterol in that same sample. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins.php The amount of intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and LDL. slaulede 2022-08-12T17:05:56Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0003902 calculated plasma intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0003902 The amount of intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol in a specified volume of blood plasma where the value was derived by a mathematical process or computation rather than being measured directly. IDL are relatively large lipoprotein particles (complexes that consist of protein surrounding a core of lipids) formed by degradation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) particles and thus having a size intermediate between those of VLDL and LDL. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol and the value for low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are added together for an approximation of non-HDL, non-chylomicron/VLDL cholesterol in that same sample. Together, IDL and LDL cover a plasma density of 1.006 to 1.063 g/ml. slaulede 2022-08-12T17:18:25Z plasma intermediate density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein cholesterol clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003903 plasma IDL and LDL cholesterol CMO:0003903 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL) cholesterol and the value for low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of plasma are added together for an approximation of non-HDL, non-chylomicron/VLDL cholesterol in that same sample. Together, IDL and LDL cover a plasma density of 1.006 to 1.063 g/ml. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is a calculated measurement in which the difference in the heart rate recorded between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the heart rate versus the chemical dose graph. slaulede 2022-09-20T17:08:47Z beta coefficent of the heart rate/ vasoactive chemical dose curve index of baroreceptor sensitivity slope of the heart rate/ vasoactive chemical dose curve clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003904 change in heart rate to change in vasoactive chemical dose ratio CMO:0003904 This is a calculated measurement in which the difference in the heart rate recorded between two or more dosages of a drug or chemical which reduces or increases the interior diameter of blood vessels is divided by the difference of the applied dosages and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. The value is calculated as the slope of the curve of the heart rate versus the chemical dose graph. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by atherosclerotic lesion(s) is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the artery and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the artery. slaulede 2022-09-29T09:47:33Z lesioned artery area to total artery area ratio PMID:28469073 average atherosclerotic area atherosclerotic area as percentage of total clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003905 area of atherosclerotic lesion to total artery area ratio CMO:0003905 This is calculated value in which the extent of the two-dimensional surface occupied by atherosclerotic lesion(s) is divided by the total extent of the two-dimensional surface of the artery and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the artery. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 PMID:28469073 This is a calculated measurement of the pressure gradient that drives coronary blood pressure. CPP can be measured by calculating the difference between the aortic pressure and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure: Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP) = Aortic Diastolic Pressure – Left Ventricular end-diastolic Pressure (LVEDP). slaulede 2022-10-10T13:14:15Z CPP clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003906 coronary perfusion pressure CMO:0003906 This is a calculated measurement of the pressure gradient that drives coronary blood pressure. CPP can be measured by calculating the difference between the aortic pressure and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure: Coronary Perfusion Pressure (CPP) = Aortic Diastolic Pressure – Left Ventricular end-diastolic Pressure (LVEDP). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_perfusion_pressure https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551531/ The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time. slaulede 2022-10-10T13:42:52Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003907 coronary blood flow rate CMO:0003907 The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time, divided by the total weight of the heart, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing coronary blood flow rate to heart weight. slaulede 2022-10-10T13:49:52Z coronary blood flow per gram of heart tissue clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003908 coronary blood flow rate to heart weight ratio CMO:0003908 The is a measurement of the amount of blood perfusing the heart muscle through the coronary arteries per unit time, divided by the total weight of the heart, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing coronary blood flow rate to heart weight. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com The amount of myoglobin in a specified volume of blood. Myoglobin is an iron-containing protein similar to hemoglobin that is found in muscle. slaulede 2023-02-13T13:43:31Z EFO:0005057 blood myoglobin concentration myoglobin measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003909 blood myoglobin level CMO:0003909 The amount of myoglobin in a specified volume of blood. Myoglobin is an iron-containing protein similar to hemoglobin that is found in muscle. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is the sinking velocity red corpuscles, i.e., the rapidity which which the red cells sink in a mass of drawn blood. slaulede 2023-02-13T13:55:51Z EFO:0004304 ESR blood sedimentation clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003910 erythrocyte sedimentation rate CMO:0003910 This is the sinking velocity red corpuscles, i.e., the rapidity which which the red cells sink in a mass of drawn blood. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more nucleic acids in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group, and are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. slaulede 2023-03-13T17:03:59Z renal nucleic acid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003911 kidney nucleic acid measurement CMO:0003911 This is quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of one or more nucleic acids in a specified sample of kidney tissue, that is, tissue from one or both of the paired organs which function to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes. Nucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group, and are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) that reside in the kidney. Ribonucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group. They are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. slaulede 2023-03-13T17:13:14Z CMO:0002797 kidney RNA composition measurement kidney ribonucleic acid composition measurement renal ribonucleic acid measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003912 kidney ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003912 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) that reside in the kidney. Ribonucleic acids are high-molecular-weight polymeric compounds composed of nucleotides, each consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group. They are involved in the determination and transmission of genetic characteristics. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is the measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) which codes for the amino acid sequences of proteins in a specified sample of kidney. slaulede 2023-03-13T17:18:54Z kidney messenger RNA level kidney messenger ribonucleic acid level renal mRNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003913 kidney mRNA level CMO:0003913 This is the measurement of the amount of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) which codes for the amino acid sequences of proteins in a specified sample of kidney. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 This is the quantitation or other measurement of the organelles, cytosol, and molecules which constitute the total make-up of a specified cell or set of cells. slaulede 2023-04-03T16:32:15Z cell composition clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003914 cell composition measurement CMO:0003914 This is the quantitation or other measurement of the organelles, cytosol, and molecules which constitute the total make-up of a specified cell or set of cells. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a specified cell or set of cells. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:02:38Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003915 cell molecular composition measurement CMO:0003915 This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a specified cell or set of cells. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell or set of cells. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:06:23Z Not4Curation cell RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003916 cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003916 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell or set of cells. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). slaulede 2023-04-03T17:16:36Z native cell RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003917 native cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003917 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells found in a natural setting, which includes multicellular organism cells 'in vivo' (i.e. part of an organism), and unicellular organisms 'in environment' (i.e. part of a natural environment). ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells isolated from an organism before the occurance of any in vitro culturing. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:25:06Z extracted cell RNA composition measurement isolated cell RNA composition measurement purified cell RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003918 isolated cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003918 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells isolated from an organism before the occurance of any in vitro culturing. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells after in vitro cell culturing for a specified length of time. Cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells from an animal or plant in a favorable artificial environment. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:34:15Z Not4Curation cultured cell RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003919 cultured cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003919 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells after in vitro cell culturing for a specified length of time. Cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells from an animal or plant in a favorable artificial environment. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.thermofisher.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells after in vitro cell culturing for a specified length of time without the benefit of cell passage (harvesting and reseeding/splitting into multiple daughter cultures) . Cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells from an animal or plant in a favorable artificial environment. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:47:29Z primary cultured cell RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003920 primary cultured cell ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003920 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified type of cell or set of cells after in vitro cell culturing for a specified length of time without the benefit of cell passage (harvesting and reseeding/splitting into multiple daughter cultures) . Cell culture refers to the growth of isolated cells from an animal or plant in a favorable artificial environment. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.culturecollections.org.uk/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell line after in vitro cell culturing for a specified number of passages (harvesting and reseeding/splitting into multiple daughter cultures). A cell linerefers to a defined population of cells that can be maintained in culture for an extended period of time, retaining stability of certain phenotypes and functions. Cell lines are usually clonal, meaning that the entire population originated from a single common ancestor cell. slaulede 2023-04-03T17:54:54Z cell line RNA measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003921 cell line ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003921 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in a specified cell line after in vitro cell culturing for a specified number of passages (harvesting and reseeding/splitting into multiple daughter cultures). A cell linerefers to a defined population of cells that can be maintained in culture for an extended period of time, retaining stability of certain phenotypes and functions. Cell lines are usually clonal, meaning that the entire population originated from a single common ancestor cell. ISBN-13:978-0781733908 https://www.sciencedirect.com This any measurement of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. slaulede 2023-06-22T15:52:03Z PNS clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003922 peripheral nervous system measurement CMO:0003922 This any measurement of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. UBERON:0000010 This is any measurement of the physical form or structure of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. slaulede 2023-06-22T16:00:53Z PNS morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003923 peripheral nervous system morphological measurement CMO:0003923 This is any measurement of the physical form or structure of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. UBERON:0000010 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a designated part of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. slaulede 2023-06-22T16:22:26Z PNS molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003924 peripheral nervous system molecular composition measurement CMO:0003924 This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of a designated part of the peripheral nervous system, a major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands. UBERON:0000010 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the peripheral nervous system is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-06-22T16:39:26Z CMO:0003359 PNS ribonucleic acid composition measurement peripheral nervous system ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003925 peripheral nervous system ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003925 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the peripheral nervous system is formed or composed. UBERON:0000010 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the dorsal root ganglion is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-06-22T16:53:18Z MA:0000230 dorsal root ganglion RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003926 dorsal root ganglion ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003926 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the dorsal root ganglion is formed or composed. https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the sciatic nerve is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-07-07T13:46:11Z sciatic nerve RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003927 sciatic nerve ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003927 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the sciatic nerve is formed or composed. UBERON:0001322 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the cerebellum is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-07-24T15:51:56Z UBERON:0002037 epencephalon-1 ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003928 cerebellum ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003928 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the cerebellum is formed or composed. ISBN:978-1455756438 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the midbrain is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-07-24T16:03:01Z UBERON:0001891 mesencephalon ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003929 midbrain ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003929 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the midbrain is formed or composed. http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/Default.aspx This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the hypothalamus is formed or composed. slaulede 2023-07-24T16:18:48Z UBERON:0001898 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003930 hypothalamus ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003930 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the hypothalamus is formed or composed. http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/Default.aspx This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in dermis, a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues. Dermis is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis. slaulede 2023-07-25T13:54:06Z PMID:29317265 dermal RNA level dermal ribonucleic acid level dermis RNA composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003931 dermis ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003931 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in dermis, a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the skin) and subcutaneous tissues. Dermis is composed of two layers, the papillary and reticular dermis. UBERON:0002067 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in epidermis, the outer epithelial layer of skin that is superficial to the dermis. slaulede 2023-07-25T14:00:25Z PMID:29317265 epidermal RNA level epidermis RNA level epidermis ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003932 epidermis ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003932 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in epidermis, the outer epithelial layer of skin that is superficial to the dermis. UBERON:0001003 The amount of a solution of bisphenol F that is consumed as a drink containing ethanol, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. slaulede 2023-08-08T17:33:00Z BPF in ethanol drink intake rate clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003933 bisphenol F in ethanol drink intake rate CMO:0003933 The amount of a solution of bisphenol F that is consumed as a drink containing ethanol, that is, a liquid that is brought into the mouth and swallowed to quench thirst, for nourishment, etc., per unit time. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories consumed by a subject per period of time. slaulede 2023-08-11T12:20:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology Not4Curation CMO:0003934 calculated calorie intake measurement CMO:0003934 This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the calories consumed by a subject per period of time. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of calories absorbed by a subject during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total calories consumed by the subject, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. It is a measure of the amount of ingested chemical energy actually absorbed by the subject. slaulede 2023-08-11T12:45:16Z PMID:37191987 digestive efficiency total caloric absorption to total caloric intake ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003935 calories absorbed to calorie intake ratio CMO:0003935 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of calories absorbed by a subject during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total calories consumed by the subject, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. It is a measure of the amount of ingested chemical energy actually absorbed by the subject. https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/digestive+efficiency https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of total calories consumed minus total calories lost through defecation during a specific time period. Total caloric absorption = [Total calories consumed ] - [Total caloric loss through feces] slaulede 2023-08-11T13:27:14Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003936 total caloric absorption CMO:0003936 This is a measurement of total calories consumed minus total calories lost through defecation during a specific time period. Total caloric absorption = [Total calories consumed ] - [Total caloric loss through feces] ISBN:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measure of the relative mass of a sample of fecal matter. The weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to acceleration or gravity. slaulede 2023-08-11T14:02:06Z PMID:37191987 weight of dry excreta clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003937 dry feces weight CMO:0003937 This is a measure of the relative mass of a sample of fecal matter. The weight of an object is the force acting on the object due to acceleration or gravity. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight This is a measure of the calories generated by fecal matter. It may be determined by use of a bomb calorimeter. slaulede 2023-08-11T15:00:01Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology fecal caloric density CMO:0003938 fecal calorie level CMO:0003938 This is a measure of the calories generated by fecal matter. It may be determined by use of a bomb calorimeter. ISBN:978-1455756438 This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the total body weight gained by a subject per period of time or or under specified conditions. slaulede 2023-08-11T15:16:20Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003939 calculated body weight gain measurement CMO:0003939 This is any measurement which has been normalized, adjusted or derived by a mathematical process or computation, of the total body weight gained by a subject per period of time or or under specified conditions. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the number of grams of body weight gained by a subject during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total calories absorbed by the subject, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. slaulede 2023-08-11T15:31:13Z energy efficiency clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003940 body weight gain to calories absorbed ratio CMO:0003940 This is a calculated measurement in which the number of grams of body weight gained by a subject during a specified period of time or under specified conditions, is divided by the total calories absorbed by the subject, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. PMID:37191987 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measure of the relative mass of the interscapular fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in between the scapulae. slaulede 2023-08-11T16:23:36Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003941 interscapular fat pad weight CMO:0003941 This is a measure of the relative mass of the interscapular fat pad, the accumulation of encapsulated adipose tissue located in between the scapulae. UBERON:0014396 This measurement is a calculated/estimated value of the relative mass of total fluid in an organism. The two main fluid compartments are divided by the cell membrane into the extracellular fluid (ECF) and the intracellular fluid (ICF). slaulede 2023-08-11T17:07:21Z PMID:37191987 TBW weight total body fluid mass clinical_measurement_ontology total body fluid weight CMO:0003942 total body water mass CMO:0003942 This measurement is a calculated/estimated value of the relative mass of total fluid in an organism. The two main fluid compartments are divided by the cell membrane into the extracellular fluid (ECF) and the intracellular fluid (ICF). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water This is a measurement of the weight of fecal matter excreted within a specified period of time. slaulede 2023-08-11T17:45:27Z PMID:37191987 fecal output by mass clinical_measurement_ontology defecation rate by weight CMO:0003943 defecation rate by mass CMO:0003943 This is a measurement of the weight of fecal matter excreted within a specified period of time. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement that determines whole body lean tissue mass of an organism by subtracting whole body fat mass from total body mass. slaulede 2023-08-21T13:38:35Z PMID:37191987 whole body fat-free mass clinical_measurement_ontology total body fat-free weight CMO:0003944 total body fat-free mass CMO:0003944 This is a measurement that determines whole body lean tissue mass of an organism by subtracting whole body fat mass from total body mass. ISBN:978-1455756438 This is a calculated value in which the total fat mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing fat mass to the total mass of the body. slaulede 2023-08-25T13:01:40Z PMID:37191987 percentage of total body fat clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003945 total body fat mass to total body mass ratio CMO:0003945 This is a calculated value in which the total fat mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing fat mass to the total mass of the body. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value in which the total lean mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing lean mass to the total mass of the body. Whole body lean tissue mass of an organism is determined by subtracting whole body fat mass from total body mass. slaulede 2023-08-25T13:21:19Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology total body fat-free weight to total body weight ratio CMO:0003946 total body fat-free mass to total body mass ratio CMO:0003946 This is a calculated value in which the total lean mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing lean mass to the total mass of the body. Whole body lean tissue mass of an organism is determined by subtracting whole body fat mass from total body mass. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value in which the total water mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing water mass to the total mass of the body. Total body water mass of an organism is a calculated/estimated value of the relative mass of total fluid in an organism. slaulede 2023-08-25T13:54:11Z PMID:37191987 total body fluid mass to total body mass ratio clinical_measurement_ontology total body water weight to total body weight ratio CMO:0003947 total body water mass to total body mass ratio CMO:0003947 This is a calculated value in which the total water mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing water mass to the total mass of the body. Total body water mass of an organism is a calculated/estimated value of the relative mass of total fluid in an organism. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the mass of urine voided. slaulede 2023-08-25T17:08:02Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology weight of urine CMO:0003948 urine mass CMO:0003948 This is any measurement of the mass of urine voided. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the mass of urine voided over a specified period of time. slaulede 2023-08-25T17:12:03Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology timed urine weight CMO:0003949 timed urine mass CMO:0003949 This is any measurement of the mass of urine voided over a specified period of time. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a measurement of the total mass of the lean tissue of an organism. This measurement can be done by (TD-NMR) time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance for laboratory animals, or estimated by calculation using height and weight for human subjects. slaulede 2023-08-28T14:08:52Z EFO:0004995 PMID:37191987 lean body mass total LBM total lean body mass clinical_measurement_ontology total body lean weight CMO:0003950 total body lean mass CMO:0003950 This is a measurement of the total mass of the lean tissue of an organism. This measurement can be done by (TD-NMR) time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance for laboratory animals, or estimated by calculation using height and weight for human subjects. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_body_mass This is a measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the total lean tissue mass of an organism. slaulede 2023-08-28T14:27:36Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology calculated lean tissue weight measurement CMO:0003951 calculated lean tissue mass measurement CMO:0003951 This is a measurement which has been normalized or adjusted by a mathematical process or computation of the total lean tissue mass of an organism. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value in which the total lean mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing lean mass to the total mass of the body. Whole body lean tissue mass of an organism is determined by TD-NMR (time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance) or a formula using height and weight of subject. slaulede 2023-08-28T14:34:44Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003952 total body lean mass to total body mass ratio CMO:0003952 This is a calculated value in which the total lean mass of an organism is divided by the total mass of an organism and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing lean mass to the total mass of the body. Whole body lean tissue mass of an organism is determined by TD-NMR (time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance) or a formula using height and weight of subject. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_body_mass https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated measurement in which the wet weight of the thyroid gland, the largest of the endocrine glands, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. slaulede 2023-09-28T18:43:45Z clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003953 thyroid gland wet weight to body weight ratio CMO:0003953 This is a calculated measurement in which the wet weight of the thyroid gland, the largest of the endocrine glands, is divided by the total body weight of the organism and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage thus normalizing it to body weight and, by extension, to the size of the organism. ISBN:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of a physiological process(es) which involve(s) or affect(s) most organ systems in the body. slaulede 2023-09-29T10:28:00Z whole body physiological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003954 whole body physiology measurement CMO:0003954 This is any measurement of a physiological process(es) which involve(s) or affect(s) most organ systems in the body. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life while at complete rest, including the body being in a post-absorptive state (ie the digestive system is inactive. slaulede 2023-09-29T10:44:25Z BMR base metabolic rate base metabolic rate measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003955 basal metabolic rate CMO:0003955 This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life while at complete rest, including the body being in a post-absorptive state (ie the digestive system is inactive. EFO:0007777 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at a specific moment or across a specified span of time, under specific conditions. slaulede 2023-09-29T12:33:04Z EFO:0005115 PMID:37191987 average metabolic rate metabolic rate measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003956 metabolic rate CMO:0003956 This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at a specific moment or across a specified span of time, under specific conditions. PMID:37191987 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life during a time period of steady resting conditions, with less rigorous criteria than for basal metabolic rate. slaulede 2023-09-29T12:50:21Z EFO:0008004 PMID:37191987 RMR resting metabolic rate measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003957 resting metabolic rate CMO:0003957 This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life during a time period of steady resting conditions, with less rigorous criteria than for basal metabolic rate. EFO:0008004 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at a specific moment or across a specified span of time, under specific conditions. It involves analysis of covariance which examines the influence of an independent variable on a dependent variable while removing the effect of the covariate factor. slaulede 2023-09-29T13:21:33Z PMID:37191987 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003958 ANCOVA-adjusted average metabolic rate CMO:0003958 This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at a specific moment or across a specified span of time, under specific conditions. It involves analysis of covariance which examines the influence of an independent variable on a dependent variable while removing the effect of the covariate factor. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basal_metabolic_rate https://www.statisticssolutions.com This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life during a time period of steady resting conditions, with less rigorous criteria than for basal metabolic rate. It involves analysis of covariance which examines the influence of an independent variable on a dependent variable while removing the effect of the covariate factor. slaulede 2023-09-29T13:28:52Z PMID:37191987 ANCOVA-adjusted RMR clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003959 ANCOVA-adjusted resting metabolic rate CMO:0003959 This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life during a time period of steady resting conditions, with less rigorous criteria than for basal metabolic rate. It involves analysis of covariance which examines the influence of an independent variable on a dependent variable while removing the effect of the covariate factor. EFO:0008004 https://www.statisticssolutions.com This is a calculated measurement of the average cross-sectional area of glomeruli sampled in microscopic images. slaulede 2023-09-29T14:35:28Z average kidney glomerulus cross-sectional area kidney glomerular area clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003960 kidney glomerulus area CMO:0003960 This is a calculated measurement of the average cross-sectional area of glomeruli sampled in microscopic images. PMID:37191987 This is a calculated measurement in which the average number of damaged kidney cortex tubules per subject is divided by the average total number of kidney cortex tubules per subject with the result presented as a ratio, thus normalizing the number of damaged tubules to total number of tubules. slaulede 2023-09-29T15:03:57Z percentage of damaged kidney cortex tubules percentage of damaged renal cortex tubules renal cortex damaged tubule count to renal cortex total tubule count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003961 kidney cortex damaged tubule count to kidney cortex total tubule count ratio CMO:0003961 This is a calculated measurement in which the average number of damaged kidney cortex tubules per subject is divided by the average total number of kidney cortex tubules per subject with the result presented as a ratio, thus normalizing the number of damaged tubules to total number of tubules. ISBN:978-1455756438 PMID:37191987 This is a calculated measurement in which the average number of damaged kidney medulla tubules per subject is divided by the average total number of kidney medulla tubules per subject with the result presented as a ratio, thus normalizing the number of damaged tubules to the total number of tubules. slaulede 2023-09-29T15:17:14Z percentage of damaged kidney medulla tubules percentage of damaged renal medulla tubules renal medulla damaged tubule count to renal medulla total tubule count ratio clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003962 kidney medulla damaged tubule count to kidney medulla total tubule count ratio CMO:0003962 This is a calculated measurement in which the average number of damaged kidney medulla tubules per subject is divided by the average total number of kidney medulla tubules per subject with the result presented as a ratio, thus normalizing the number of damaged tubules to the total number of tubules. PMID:37191987 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in CD4+ lymphocytes. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. slaulede 2023-10-03T12:41:58Z CD4(+) llymphocyte ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003963 CD4+ lymphocyte ribonucleic acid composition measurement CMO:0003963 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in CD4+ lymphocytes. CD4 is a membrane glycoprotein found primarily on T lymphocytes, but also can be expressed on B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. On T cells it is a co-receptor for the T cell receptor (TCR), interacts with MHC class II antigens, and functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. slaulederkind 2023-10-24T11:28:56Z MESH:D017934 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003964 blood anti-coronavirus antibody level CMO:0003964 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-coronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-coronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a coronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. slaulederkind 2023-10-24T11:36:57Z MESH:D000073640 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003965 blood anti-betacoronavirus antibody level CMO:0003965 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-betacoronavirus antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-betacoronavirus antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a betacoronavirus. Betacoronaviruses represent one of four genera of coronaviruses of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae, of the order Nidovirales. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D000073640 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV2 betacoronavirus. slaulederkind 2023-10-24T12:03:20Z anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG measurement EFO:0803358 EFO:0803359 EFO:0803360 MESH:D000073640 SARS-CoV-2 antibody measurement blood anti-COVID-19 antibody level blood anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody level blood anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 antibody level SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003966 blood anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody level CMO:0003966 This is a measurement of the amount of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies in a specified sample of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. An anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody is an immunoglobulin molecule possessing a specific amino acid sequence that binds to a specific antigen found on or in a SARS-CoV2 betacoronavirus. ISBN:978-1455756438 MESH:D000073640 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of blood is subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids slaulederkind 2023-10-27T14:47:52Z EFO:0005689 blood NHDL cholesterol level blood non-HDL cholesterol level non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003967 blood non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol level CMO:0003967 This is a calculated measurement in which the value for high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in a specified sample of blood is subtracted from the value for total cholesterol in that same sample. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids ISBN-13:9780781733908 PMID:37696479 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. slaulederkind 2023-11-07T12:56:25Z PMID:34797904 retina RNA level retina RNA measurement retinal RNA level retinal ribonucleic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003968 retina ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003968 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the retina, the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 UBERON:0000966 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the trigeminal ganglion is composed. slaulederkind 2023-11-07T16:17:17Z trigeminal ganglion RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003969 trigeminal ganglion ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003969 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the trigeminal ganglion is composed. ISBN-13:9780781733908 UBERON:0001675 This is any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of urethral tissue, the tissue comprising the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. slaulederkind 2023-11-09T12:42:17Z urethral molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003970 urethra molecular composition measurement CMO:0003970 This is any quantification of the amounts or proportions of proteins, lipids, minerals, nutrients, gases, or other substances in a specified sample of urethral tissue, the tissue comprising the canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder in most mammals and through which semen is discharged in the male. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in urethral tissue. slaulederkind 2023-11-09T12:52:18Z urethra RNA level urethral RNA level urethral ribonucleic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003971 urethra ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003971 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in urethral tissue. ISBN:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in adipose tissue surrounding small mesenteric blood vessels. slaulederkind 2023-11-13T15:13:42Z PMID:33815135 MRPVAT RNA level small mesenteric blood vessel perivascular adipose tissue RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003972 MRPVAT ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003972 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in adipose tissue surrounding small mesenteric blood vessels. PMID:33815135 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in tendon, the fibrous bands or cords of connective tissue at the ends of muscle fibers that attach muscles to bones and other structures. slaulederkind 2023-11-14T17:28:42Z PMID:37021050 UBERON:0000043 clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003973 tendon ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003973 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in tendon, the fibrous bands or cords of connective tissue at the ends of muscle fibers that attach muscles to bones and other structures. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 MESH:D013710 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the temporal lobe of one or both cerebral hemisphere(s) is formed or composed. slaulederkind 2024-02-23T14:11:10Z PMID:35897746 temporal lobe RNA level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003974 temporal lobe ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003974 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) of which the tissue of the temporal lobe of one or both cerebral hemisphere(s) is formed or composed. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the ear, the sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. slaulederkind 2024-03-01T12:42:43Z PMID:36733943 auditory apparatus ribonucleic acid level auris ribonucleic acid level ear ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003975 ear ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003975 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the ear, the sense organ in vertebrates that is specialized for the detection of sound, and the maintenance of balance. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 UBERON:0001690 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the outer ear, part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum), consisting of a tube (the external auditory meatus) and the pinna (auricle). slaulederkind 2024-03-01T12:51:34Z PMID:36733943 external ear ribonucleic acid composition measurement external ear ribonucleic acid level outer ear ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003976 outer ear ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003976 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the outer ear, part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum), consisting of a tube (the external auditory meatus) and the pinna (auricle). UBERON:0001691 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the mammary gland, the specialized exocrine gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. slaulederkind 2024-03-01T13:37:50Z PMID:36733943 mammary gland ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003977 mammary gland ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003977 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the mammary gland, the specialized exocrine gland of the skin of female mammals, which secretes milk for nourishment of the young. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any quantification of the physical form or structure of the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. slaulederkind 2024-03-05T14:21:38Z PMID:36733943 caval vein morphological measurement venae cavae morphological measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003978 vena cava morphological measurement CMO:0003978 This is any quantification of the physical form or structure of the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/vena-cava#:~:text=The%20vena%20cava%20has%20two,largest%20vein%20in%20the%20body https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. slaulederkind 2024-03-05T14:30:56Z PMID:36733943 caval vein molecular composition measurement venae cavae molecular composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003979 vena cava molecular composition measurement CMO:0003979 This is any quantitation of the molecules, atoms and/or ions which constitute the chemical make-up of the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. slaulederkind 2024-03-05T15:08:39Z PMID:36733943 caval vein RNA level caval vein ribonucleic acid level vena cava RNA level venae cavae RNA level venae cavae ribonucleic acid level clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003980 vena cava ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003980 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the largest veins (superior vena cava and inferior vena cava in mammals) which deliver de-oxygenated blood from throughout the body back to the right cardiac atrium. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the cornea, the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure. slaulederkind 2024-03-07T13:01:12Z cornea RNA composition measurement cornea RNA level cornea ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003981 cornea ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003981 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in the cornea, the transparent anterior portion of the fibrous coat of the eye that serves as the chief refractory structure. PMID:36733943 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. slaulederkind 2024-03-07T14:13:50Z aorta RNA composition measurement aorta RNA level aorta ribonucleic acid composition measurement clinical_measurement_ontology CMO:0003982 aorta ribonucleic acid level CMO:0003982 This is any measurement of the absolute or relative amount(s) of one or more of the ribonucleic acids (RNAs) found in great artery arising from the left ventricle from which the systemic arterial system proceeds. ISBN-13:978-1455756438 https://www.merriam-webster.com/ CP:0000000 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017500. obsolete CP:0000000 true CP:0000025 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017501. obsolete CP:0000025 true CP:0000027 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017502. obsolete CP:0000027 true CP:0000028 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017503. obsolete CP:0000028 true CP:0000035 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017504. obsolete CP:0000035 true CP:0000037 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017505. obsolete CP:0000037 true CP:0000039 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017506. obsolete CP:0000039 true CP:0000040 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017507. obsolete CP:0000040 true CP:0000043 ID was moved to the CL namespace. Use CL:0017508. obsolete CP:0000043 true eosinophilic esophagitis Disease esophageal disease Drinking Water Drinking Water Drinking water is water which may be consumed by humans with no adverse effects on their health. Environmental Material Waist The waist is the part of the abdomen between the rib cage and hips. On people with slim bodies, the waist is the narrowest part of the torso. GO:0003674 molecular_function A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs. These actions are described from two distinct but related perspectives: (1) biochemical activity, and (2) role as a component in a larger system/process. GO:molecular_function GO:0003824 catalytic activity Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. catalytic activity GO:0008150 biological_process A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. biological_process GO:0010467 gene expression The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. gene expression GO:0043234 protein complex A ribosome is a protein complex A stable macromolecular complex composed (only) of two or more polypeptide subunits along with any covalently attached molecules (such as lipid anchors or oligosaccharide) or non-protein prosthetic groups (such as nucleotides or metal ions). Prosthetic group in this context refers to a tightly bound cofactor. The component polypeptide subunits may be identical. protein complex Phenotype 29.9 25.0 25.0 29.9 18.5 IAO:0000001 conditional specification a directive information entity that specifies what should happen if the trigger condition is fulfilled PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived OBI_0000349 conditional specification IAO:0000003 measurement unit label Examples of measurement unit labels are liters, inches, weight per volume. A measurement unit label is as a label that is part of a scalar measurement datum and denotes a unit of measure. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term measurement unit was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000176) , edited by Chris Stoeckert and Cristian Cocos, and subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definition of this, different, term. 2009-03-16: review of this term done during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify this definition please notify OBI. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot measurement unit label IAO:0000005 objective specification In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction. a directive information entity that describes an intended process endpoint. When part of a plan specification the concretization is realized in a planned process in which the bearer tries to effect the world so that the process endpoint is achieved. 2009-03-16: original definition when imported from OBI read: "objective is an non realizable information entity which can serve as that proper part of a plan towards which the realization of the plan is directed." 2014-03-31: In the example of usage ("In the protocol of a ChIP assay the objective specification says to identify protein and DNA interaction") there is a protocol which is the ChIP assay protocol. In addition to being concretized on paper, the protocol can be concretized as a realizable entity, such as a plan that inheres in a person. The objective specification is the part that says that some protein and DNA interactions are identified. This is a specification of a process endpoint: the boundary in the process before which they are not identified and after which they are. During the realization of the plan, the goal is to get to the point of having the interactions, and participants in the realization of the plan try to do that. Answers the question, why did you do this experiment? PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Barry Smith PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Jennifer Fostel goal specification OBI Plan and Planned Process/Roles Branch OBI_0000217 objective specification IAO:0000007 Pour the contents of flask 1 into flask 2 a directive information entity that describes an action the bearer will take Alan Ruttenberg OBI Plan and Planned Process branch action specification IAO:0000009 datum label A label is a symbol that is part of some other datum and is used to either partially define the denotation of that datum or to provide a means for identifying the datum as a member of the set of data with the same label http://www.golovchenko.org/cgi-bin/wnsearch?q=label#4n GROUP: IAO 9/22/11 BP: changed the rdfs:label for this class from 'label' to 'datum label' to convey that this class is not intended to cover all kinds of labels (stickers, radiolabels, etc.), and not even all kind of textual labels, but rather the kind of labels occuring in a datum. datum label IAO:0000015 information carrier In the case of a printed paperback novel the physicality of the ink and of the paper form part of the information bearer. The qualities of appearing black and having a certain pattern for the ink and appearing white for the paper form part of the information carrier in this case. A quality of an information bearer that imparts the information content 12/15/09: There is a concern that some ways that carry information may be processes rather than qualities, such as in a 'delayed wave carrier'. 2014-03-10: We are not certain that all information carriers are qualities. There was a discussion of dropping it. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy information carrier IAO:0000027 data item Data items include counts of things, analyte concentrations, and statistical summaries. a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. 2/2/2009 Alan and Bjoern discussing FACS run output data. This is a data item because it is about the cell population. Each element records an event and is typically further composed a set of measurment data items that record the fluorescent intensity stimulated by one of the lasers. 2009-03-16: data item deliberatly ambiguous: we merged data set and datum to be one entity, not knowing how to define singular versus plural. So data item is more general than datum. 2009-03-16: removed datum as alternative term as datum specifically refers to singular form, and is thus not an exact synonym. 2014-03-31: See discussion at http://odontomachus.wordpress.com/2014/03/30/aboutness-objects-propositions/ JAR: datum -- well, this will be very tricky to define, but maybe some information-like stuff that might be put into a computer and that is meant, by someone, to denote and/or to be interpreted by some process... I would include lists, tables, sentences... I think I might defer to Barry, or to Brian Cantwell Smith JAR: A data item is an approximately justified approximately true approximate belief PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Chris Stoeckert PERSON: Jonathan Rees data data item IAO:0000030 information content entity Examples of information content entites include journal articles, data, graphical layouts, and graphs. A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. 2014-03-10: The use of "thing" is intended to be general enough to include universals and configurations (see https://groups.google.com/d/msg/information-ontology/GBxvYZCk1oc/-L6B5fSBBTQJ). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some digital_entity in obi before split (040907). information_content_entity 'is_encoded_in' some physical_document in obi before split (040907). Previous. An information content entity is a non-realizable information entity that 'is encoded in' some digital or physical entity. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000142 information content entity 1 1 IAO:0000032 10 feet. 3 ml. a scalar measurement datum is a measurement datum that is composed of two parts, numerals and a unit label. 2009-03-16: we decided to keep datum singular in scalar measurement datum, as in this case we explicitly refer to the singular form Would write this as: has_part some 'measurement unit label' and has_part some numeral and has_part exactly 2, except for the fact that this won't let us take advantage of OWL reasoning over the numbers. Instead use has measurment value property to represent the same. Use has measurement unit label (subproperty of has_part) so we can easily say that there is only one of them. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Melanie Courtot scalar measurement datum IAO:0000033 An information content entity whose concretizations indicate to their bearer how to realize them in a process. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term realizable information entity was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000337) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was "is the specification of a process that can be concretized and realized by an actor" with alternative term "instruction".It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. 2013-05-30 Alan Ruttenberg: What differentiates a directive information entity from an information concretization is that it can have concretizations that are either qualities or realizable entities. The concretizations that are realizable entities are created when an individual chooses to take up the direction, i.e. has the intention to (try to) realize it. 8/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg: Changed label from "information entity about a realizable" after discussions at ICBO Werner pushed back on calling it realizable information entity as it isn't realizable. However this name isn't right either. An example would be a recipe. The realizable entity would be a plan, but the information entity isn't about the plan, it, once concretized, *is* the plan. -Alan PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters directive information entity IAO:0000037 dot plot Dot plot of SSC-H and FSC-H. A dot plot is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where each data point is represented by a single dot placed on coordinates corresponding to data point values in particular dimensions. person:Allyson Lister person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000123 group:OBI dot plot IAO:0000038 graph A diagram that presents one or more tuples of information by mapping those tuples in to a two dimensional space in a non arbitrary way. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Allyson Lister OBI_0000240 group:OBI graph IAO:0000055 rule example to be added a rule is an executable which guides, defines, restricts actions MSI PRS OBI_0500021 PRS rule IAO:0000064 algorithm PMID: 18378114.Genomics. 2008 Mar 28. LINKGEN: A new algorithm to process data in genetic linkage studies. A plan specification which describes the inputs and output of mathematical functions as well as workflow of execution for achieving an predefined objective. Algorithms are realized usually by means of implementation as computer programs for execution by automata. Philippe Rocca-Serra PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI_0000270 adapted from discussion on OBI list (Matthew Pocock, Christian Cocos, Alan Ruttenberg) algorithm IAO:0000078 curation status specification The curation status of the term. The allowed values come from an enumerated list of predefined terms. See the specification of these instances for more detailed definitions of each enumerated value. Better to represent curation as a process with parts and then relate labels to that process (in IAO meeting) PERSON:Bill Bug GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi> OBI_0000266 curation status specification IAO:0000100 data set Intensity values in a CEL file or from multiple CEL files comprise a data set (as opposed to the CEL files themselves). A data item that is an aggregate of other data items of the same type that have something in common. Averages and distributions can be determined for data sets. 2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg. The intention is that this term represent collections of like data. So this isn't for, e.g. the whole contents of a cel file, which includes parameters, metadata etc. This is more like java arrays of a certain rather specific type 2014-05-05: Data sets are aggregates and thus must include two or more data items. We have chosen not to add logical axioms to make this restriction. person:Allyson Lister person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000042 group:OBI data set IAO:0000101 image An image is an affine projection to a two dimensional surface, of measurements of some quality of an entity or entities repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, where the measurements are represented as color and luminosity on the projected on surface. person:Alan Ruttenberg person:Allyson person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000030 group:OBI image IAO:0000102 data about an ontology part is a data item about a part of an ontology, for example a term Person:Alan Ruttenberg data about an ontology part IAO:0000104 plan specification PMID: 18323827.Nat Med. 2008 Mar;14(3):226.New plan proposed to help resolve conflicting medical advice. A directive information entity with action specifications and objective specifications as parts that, when concretized, is realized in a process in which the bearer tries to achieve the objectives by taking the actions specified. 2009-03-16: provenance: a term a plan was proposed for OBI (OBI_0000344) , edited by the PlanAndPlannedProcess branch. Original definition was " a plan is a specification of a process that is realized by an actor to achieve the objective specified as part of the plan". It has been subsequently moved to IAO where the objective for which the original term was defined was satisfied with the definitionof this, different, term. 2014-03-31: A plan specification can have other parts, such as conditional specifications. Alternative previous definition: a plan is a set of instructions that specify how an objective should be achieved Alan Ruttenberg OBI Plan and Planned Process branch OBI_0000344 2/3/2009 Comment from OBI review. Action specification not well enough specified. Conditional specification not well enough specified. Question whether all plan specifications have objective specifications. Request that IAO either clarify these or change definitions not to use them plan specification IAO:0000109 measurement datum Examples of measurement data are the recoding of the weight of a mouse as {40,mass,"grams"}, the recording of an observation of the behavior of the mouse {,process,"agitated"}, the recording of the expression level of a gene as measured through the process of microarray experiment {3.4,luminosity,}. A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. 2/2/2009 is_specified_output of some assay? person:Chris Stoeckert OBI_0000305 group:OBI measurement datum IAO:0000129 version number A version number is an information content entity which is a sequence of characters borne by part of each of a class of manufactured products or its packaging and indicates its order within a set of other products having the same name. Note: we feel that at the moment we are happy with a general version number, and that we will subclass as needed in the future. For example, see 7. genome sequence version GROUP: IAO version number IAO:0000144 conclusion textual entity that fucoidan has a small statistically significant effect on AT3 level but no useful clinical effect as in-vivo anticoagulant, a paraphrase of part of the last paragraph of the discussion section of the paper 'Pilot clinical study to evaluate the anticoagulant activity of fucoidan', by Lowenthal et. al.PMID:19696660 A textual entity that expresses the results of reasoning about a problem, for instance as typically found towards the end of scientific papers. 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case 2009/10/23 Alan Ruttenberg: We need to work on the definition still Person:Alan Ruttenberg conclusion textual entity IAO:0000184 scatter plot Comparison of gene expression values in two samples can be displayed in a scatter plot A scatterplot is a graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot scattergraph WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatterplot scatter plot IAO:0000300 textual entity Words, sentences, paragraphs, and the written (non-figure) parts of publications are all textual entities A textual entity is a part of a manifestation (FRBR sense), a generically dependent continuant whose concretizations are patterns of glyphs intended to be interpreted as words, formulas, etc. AR, (IAO call 2009-09-01): a document as a whole is not typically a textual entity, because it has pictures in it - rather there are parts of it that are textual entities. Examples: The title, paragraph 2 sentence 7, etc. MC, 2009-09-14 (following IAO call 2009-09-01): textual entities live at the FRBR (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional_Requirements_for_Bibliographic_Records) manifestation level. Everything is significant: line break, pdf and html versions of same document are different textual entities. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter text textual entity IAO:0000306 table | T F --+----- T | T F F | F F A textual entity that contains a two-dimensional arrangement of texts repeated at regular intervals across a spatial range, such that the spatial relationships among the constituent texts expresses propositions PERSON: Lawrence Hunter table IAO:0000308 figure Any picture, diagram or table An information content entity consisting of a two dimensional arrangement of information content entities such that the arrangement itself is about something. PERSON: Lawrence Hunter figure IAO:0000309 diagram A molecular structure ribbon cartoon showing helices, turns and sheets and their relations to each other in space. A figure that expresses one or more propositions PERSON: Lawrence Hunter diagram IAO:0000310 document A journal article, patent application, laboratory notebook, or a book A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole PERSON: Lawrence Hunter document 1 IAO:0000400 A cartesian spatial coordinate datum is a representation of a point in a spatial region, in which equal changes in the magnitude of a coordinate value denote length qualities with the same magnitude 2009-08-18 Alan Ruttenberg - question to BFO list about whether the BFO sense of the lower dimensional regions is that they are always part of actual space (the three dimensional sort) http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss/browse_thread/thread/9d04e717e39fb617 Alan Ruttenberg AR notes: We need to discuss whether it should include site. cartesian spatial coordinate datum http://groups.google.com/group/bfo-discuss/browse_thread/thread/9d04e717e39fb617 1 IAO:0000401 A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses one value to specify a position along a one dimensional spatial region Alan Ruttenberg one dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum 1 1 IAO:0000402 A cartesion spatial coordinate datum that uses two values to specify a position within a two dimensional spatial region Alan Ruttenberg two dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate datum IAO:0000414 A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measurement of mass quality 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case Person:Alan Ruttenberg mass measurement datum IAO:0000416 A scalar measurement datum that is the result of measuring a temporal interval 2009/09/28 Alan Ruttenberg. Fucoidan-use-case Person:Alan Ruttenberg time measurement datum IAO:0000572 Recording the current temperature in a laboratory notebook. Writing a journal article. Updating a patient record in a database. a planned process in which a document is created or added to by including the specified input in it. 6/11/9: Edited at OBI workshop. We need to be able identify a child form of information artifact which corresponds to something enduring (not brain like). This used to be restricted to physical document or digital entity as the output, but that excludes e.g. an audio cassette tape Bjoern Peters wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documenting documenting IAO:0000573 line graph A line graph is a type of graph created by connecting a series of data points together with a line. PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:Melanie Courtot line chart GROUP:OBI WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_chart line graph IAO:0000577 The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed. A symbol that is part of a CRID and that is sufficient to look up a record from the CRID's registry. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bill Hogan PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Melanie Courtot CRID symbol Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls centrally registered identifier symbol IAO:0000578 The sentence "The article has Pubmed ID 12345." contains a CRID that has two parts: one part is the CRID symbol, which is '12345'; the other part denotes the CRID registry, which is Pubmed. An information content entity that consists of a CRID symbol and additional information about the CRID registry to which it belongs. 2014-05-05: In defining this term we take no position on what the CRID denotes. In particular do not assume it denotes a *record* in the CRID registry (since the registry might not have 'records'). Alan, IAO call 20101124: potentially the CRID denotes the instance it was associated with during creation. Note, IAO call 20101124: URIs are not always CRID, as not centrally registered. We acknowledge that CRID is a subset of a larger identifier class, but this subset fulfills our current needs. OBI PURLs are CRID as they are registered with OCLC. UPCs (Universal Product Codes from AC Nielsen)are not CRID as they are not centrally registered. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bill Hogan PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Melanie Courtot CRID Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls centrally registered identifier IAO:0000579 PubMed is a CRID registry. It has a dataset of PubMed identifiers associated with journal articles. A CRID registry is a dataset of CRID records, each consisting of a CRID symbol and additional information which was recorded in the dataset through a assigning a centrally registered identifier process. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bill Hogan PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Melanie Courtot CRID registry Original proposal from Bjoern, discussions at IAO calls centrally registered identifier registry IAO:0000582 time stamped measurement datum IAO:0000584 pmid:20604925 - time-lapse live cell microscopy A data set that is an aggregate of data recording some measurement at a number of time points. The time series data set is an ordered list of pairs of time measurement data and the corresponding measurement data acquired at that time. Alan Ruttenberg experimental time series time sampled measurement data set NCBITaxon:10239 Viruses Viruses NCBITaxon:117571 Euteleostomi bony vertebrates Euteleostomi NCBITaxon:2 Bacteria eubacteria Bacteria NCBITaxon:2157 Archaea Archaea NCBITaxon:2759 Eukaryota eucaryotes eukaryotes Eukaryota NCBITaxon:314146 Euarchontoglires Euarchontoglires NCBITaxon:32523 Tetrapoda tetrapods Tetrapoda NCBITaxon:32524 Amniota amniotes Amniota NCBITaxon:33154 Opisthokonta Opisthokonta NCBITaxon:33213 Bilateria Bilateria NCBITaxon:40674 Mammalia mammals Mammalia NCBITaxon:7742 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Vertebrata vertebrates Vertebrata <Metazoa> NCBITaxon:9606 Homo sapiens human human being man Homo sapiens OBI:0000010 fluorescent reporter intensity A measurement datum that represents the output of a scanner measuring the intensity value for each fluorescent reporter. person:Chris Stoeckert group:OBI From the DT branch: This term and definition were originally submitted by the community to our branch, but we thought they best fit DENRIE. However we see several issues with this. First of all the name 'probe' might not be used in OBI. Instead we have a 'reporter' role. Also, albeit the term 'probe intensity' is often used in communities such as the microarray one, the name 'probe' is ambiguous (some use it to refer to what's on the array, some use it to refer to what's hybed to the array). Furthermore, this concept could possibly be encompassed by combining different OBI terms, such as the roles of analyte, detector and reporter (you need something hybed to a probe on the array to get an intensity) and maybe a more general term for 'measuring intensities'. We need to find the right balance between what is consistent with OBI and combinations of its terms and what is user-friendly. Finally, note that 'intensity' is already in the OBI .owl file and is also in PATO. Why didn't OBI import it from PATO? This might be a problem. fluorescent reporter intensity OBI:0000011 planned process planned process Injecting mice with a vaccine in order to test its efficacy A processual entity that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. 'Plan' includes a future direction sense. That can be problematic if plans are changed during their execution. There are however implicit contingencies for protocols that an agent has in his mind that can be considered part of the plan, even if the agent didn't have them in mind before. Therefore, a planned process can diverge from what the agent would have said the plan was before executing it, by adjusting to problems encountered during execution (e.g. choosing another reagent with equivalent properties, if the originally planned one has run out.) We are only considering successfully completed planned processes. A plan may be modified, and details added during execution. For a given planned process, the associated realized plan specification is the one encompassing all changes made during execution. This means that all processes in which an agent acts towards achieving some objectives is a planned process. Bjoern Peters branch derived 6/11/9: Edited at workshop. Used to include: is initiated by an agent This class merges the previously separated objective driven process and planned process, as they the separation proved hard to maintain. (1/22/09, branch call) planned process OBI:0000015 biological feature identification objective Biological_feature_identification_objective is an objective role carried out by the proposition defining the aim of a study designed to examine or characterize a particular biological feature. Jennifer Fostel biological feature identification objective OBI:0000047 processed material Examples include gel matrices, filter paper, parafilm and buffer solutions, mass spectrometer, tissue samples Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg processed material OBI:0000066 investigation Lung cancer investigation using expression profiling, a stem cell transplant investigation, biobanking is not an investigation, though it may be part of an investigation a planned process that consists of parts: planning, study design execution, documentation and which produce conclusion(s). Bjoern Peters OBI branch derived Could add specific objective specification Following OBI call November 2012,26th: it was decided there was no need for adding "achieves objective of drawing conclusion" as existing relations were providing equivalent ability. this note closes the issue and validates the class definition to be part of the OBI core editor = PRS study investigation OBI:0000067 evaluant role When a specimen of blood is assayed for glucose concentration, the blood has the evaluant role. When measuring the mass of a mouse, the evaluant is the mouse. When measuring the time of DNA replication, the evaluant is the DNA. When measuring the intensity of light on a surface, the evaluant is the light source. a role that inheres in a material entity that is realized in an assay in which data is generated about the bearer of the evaluant role Role call - 17nov-08: JF and MC think an evaluant role is always specified input of a process. Even in the case where we have an assay taking blood as evaluant and outputting blood, the blood is not the specified output at the end of the assay (the concentration of glucose in the blood is) examples of features that could be described in an evaluant: quality.... e.g. "contains 10 pg/ml IL2", or "no glucose detected") GROUP: Role Branch OBI Feb 10, 2009. changes after discussion at OBI Consortium Workshop Feb 2-6, 2009. accepted as core term. evaluant role OBI:0000070 assay Assay the wavelength of light emitted by excited Neon atoms. Count of geese flying over a house. A planned process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies. 12/3/12: BP: the reference to the 'physical examination' is included to point out that a prediction is not an assay, as that does not require physical examiniation. PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch measuring scientific observation OBI branch derived study assay any method assay OBI:0000071 quantitative confidence value A data item which is used to indicate the degree of uncertainty about a measurement. person:Chris Stoeckert group:OBI quantitative confidence value OBI:0000079 culture medium A growth medium or culture medium is a substance in which microorganisms or cells can grow. Wikipedia, growth medium, Feb 29, 2008 a processed material that provides the needed nourishment for microorganisms or cells grown in vitro. changed from a role to a processed material based on on Aug 22, 2011 dev call. Details see the tracker item: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&aid=3325270&group_id=177891&atid=886178 Modification made by JZ. Person: Jennifer Fostel, Jie Zheng OBI culture medium OBI:0000086 reagent role Buffer, dye, a catalyst, a solvating agent. A role inhering in a biological or chemical entity that is intended to be applied in a scientific technique to participate (or have molecular components that participate) in a chemical reaction that facilitates the generation of data about some entity distinct from the bearer, or the generation of some specified material output distinct from the bearer. PERSON:Matthew Brush reagent PERSON:Matthew Brush Feb 10, 2009. changes after discussion at OBI Consortium Workshop Feb 2-6, 2009. accepted as core term. May 28 2013. Updated definition taken from ReO based on discussions initiated in Philly 2011 workshop. Former defnition described a narrower view of reagents in chemistry that restricts bearers of the role to be chemical entities ("a role played by a molecular entity used to produce a chemical reaction to detect, measure, or produce other substances"). Updated definition allows for broader view of reagents in the domain of biomedical research to include larger materials that have parts that participate chemically in a molecular reaction or interaction. (copied from ReO) Reagents are distinguished from instruments or devices that also participate in scientific techniques by the fact that reagents are chemical or biological in nature and necessarily participate in or have parts that participate in some chemical interaction or reaction during their intended participation in some technique. By contrast, instruments do not participate in a chemical reaction/interaction during the technique. Reagents are distinguished from study subjects/evaluants in that study subjects and evaluants are that about which conclusions are drawn and knowledge is sought in an investigation - while reagents, by definition, are not. It should be noted, however, that reagent and study subject/evaluant roles can be borne by instances of the same type of material entity - but a given instance will realize only one of these roles in the execution of a given assay or technique. For example, taq polymerase can bear a reagent role or an evaluant role. In a DNA sequencing assay aimed at generating sequence data about some plasmid, the reagent role of the taq polymerase is realized. In an assay to evaluate the quality of the taq polymerase itself, the evaluant/study subject role of the taq is realized, but not the reagent role since the taq is the subject about which data is generated. In regard to the statement that reagents are 'distinct' from the specified outputs of a technique, note that a reagent may be incorporated into a material output of a technique, as long as the IDENTITY of this output is distinct from that of the bearer of the reagent role. For example, dNTPs input into a PCR are reagents that become part of the material output of this technique, but this output has a new identity (ie that of a 'nucleic acid molecule') that is distinct from the identity of the dNTPs that comprise it. Similarly, a biotin molecule input into a cell labeling technique are reagents that become part of the specified output, but the identity of the output is that of some modified cell specimen which shares identity with the input unmodified cell specimen, and not with the biotin label. Thus, we see that an important criteria of 'reagent-ness' is that it is a facilitator, and not the primary focus of an investigation or material processing technique (ie not the specified subject/evaluant about which knowledge is sought, or the specified output material of the technique). reagent role OBI:0000094 material processing A cell lysis, production of a cloning vector, creating a buffer. A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca Serra material transformation OBI branch derived material processing OBI:0000097 study subject role Human subjects in a clinical trial, rats in a toxicogenomics study, tissue cutlures subjected to drug tests, fish observed in an ecotoxicology study. Parasite example: people are infected with a parasite which is then extracted; the particpant under investigation could be the parasite, the people, or a population of which the people are members, depending on the nature of the study. Lake example: a lake could realize this role in an investigation that assays pollution levels in samples of water taken from the lake. A role that is realized through the execution of a study design in which the bearer of the role participates and in which data about that bearer is collected. A participant can realize both "specimen role" and "participant under investigation role" at the same time. However "participant under investigation role" is distinct from "specimen role", since a specimen could somehow be involved in an investigation without being the thing that is under investigation. GROUP: Role Branch OBI Following OBI call November 2012,26th: 1. it was decided there was no need for moving the children class and making them siblings of study subject role. 2. it also settles the disambiguation about 'study subject'. This is about the individual participating in the investigation/study, Not the 'topic' (as in 'toxicity study') of the investigation/study This note closes the issue and validates the class definition to be part of the OBI core editor = PRS participant under investigation role OBI:0000112 specimen role liver section; a portion of a culture of cells; a nemotode or other animal once no longer a subject (generally killed); portion of blood from a patient. a role borne by a material entity that is gained during a specimen collection process and that can be realized by use of the specimen in an investigation 22Jun09. The definition includes whole organisms, and can include a human. The link between specimen role and study subject role has been removed. A specimen taken as part of a case study is not considered to be a population representative, while a specimen taken as representing a population, e.g. person taken from a cohort, blood specimen taken from an animal) would be considered a population representative and would also bear material sample role. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. blood taken from animal: animal continues in study, whereas blood has role specimen. something taken from study subject, leaves the study and becomes the specimen. parasite example - when parasite in people we study people, people are subjects and parasites are specimen - when parasite extracted, they become subject in the following study specimen can later be subject. GROUP: Role Branch OBI specimen role OBI:0000113 sequence feature identification objective Sequence_feature_identification_objective is a biological_feature_identification_objective role describing a study designed to examine or characterize molecular features exhibited at the level of a macromolecular sequence, e.g. nucleic acid, protein, polysaccharide. Jennifer Fostel sequence feature identification objective OBI:0000115 intervention design PMID: 18208636.Br J Nutr. 2008 Jan 22;:1-11.Effect of vitamin D supplementation on bone and vitamin D status among Pakistani immigrants in Denmark: a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled intervention study. An intervention design is a study design in which a controlled process applied to the subjects (the intervention) serves as the independent variable manipulated by the experimentalist. The treatment (perturbation or intervention) defined can be defined as a combination of values taken by independent variable manipulated by the experimentalists are applied to the recruited subjects assigned (possibly by applying specific methods) to treatment groups. The specificity of intervention design is the fact that independent variables are being manipulated and a response of the biological system is evaluated via response variables as monitored by possibly a series of assays. Philppe Rocca-Serra OBI branch derived intervention design OBI:0000118 gene list Gene lists may arise from analysis to determine differentially expressed genes, may be collected from the literature for involvement in a particular process or pathway (e.g., inflammation), or may be the input for gene set enrichment analysis. A data set of the names or identifiers of genes that are the outcome of an analysis or have been put together for the purpose of an analysis. person:Chris Stoeckert group:OBI kind of report. (alan) need to be careful to distinguish from output of a data transformation or calculation. A gene list is a report when it is published as such? Relates to question of whether report is a whole, or whether it can be a part of some other narrative object. gene list OBI:0000131 molecular feature identification objective Molecular_feature_identification_objective is a biological_feature_identification_objective role describing a study designed to examine or characterize molecular features of a biological system, e.g. expression profiling, copy number of molecular components, epigenetic modifications. Jennifer Fostel molecular feature identification objective OBI:0000164 cDNA library PMID:6110205. collection of cDNA derived from mouse splenocytes. Mixed population of cDNAs (complementaryDNA) made from mRNA from a defined source, usually a specific cell type. This term should be associated only to nucleic acid interactors not to their proteins product. For instance in 2h screening use living cells (MI:0349) as sample process. ALT DEF (PRS):: a cDNA library is a collection of host cells, typically E.Coli cells but not exclusively. modified by transfer of plasmid DNA molecule used as vector containing a fragment or totality of cDNA molecule (the insert) . cDNA library may have an array of role and applications. PERSON: Luisa Montecchi PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra GROUP: PSI PRS: 22022008. class moved under population, modification of definition and replacement of biomaterials in previous definition with 'material' addition of has_role restriction cDNA library OBI:0000175 p-value PMID:19696660 in contrast to the in-vivo data AT-III increased significantly from 113.5% at baseline to 117% after 4 days (n = 10, P-value= 0.02; Table 2). A quantitative confidence value that represents the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme as that actually obtained, assuming that the actual value was the result of chance alone. Addition of restriction 'output of null hypothesis testing' by AGB and PRS while working on STATO May be outside the scope of OBI long term, is needed so is retained Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran PERSON:Chris Stoeckert Philippe Rocca-Serra WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-value p p-value OBI:0000181 population PMID12564891. Environ Sci Technol. 2003 Jan 15;37(2):223-8. Effects of historic PCB exposures on the reproductive success of the Hudson River striped bass population. a population is a collection of individuals from the same taxonomic class living, counted or sampled at a particular site or in a particular area 1/28/2013, BP, on the call it was raised that we may want to switch to an external ontology for all populatin terms: http://code.google.com/p/popcomm-ontology/ PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Oxford English Dictionnary rem1: collection somehow always involve a selection process population OBI:0000185 imaging assay An imaging assay is an assay to produce a picture of an entity. definition_source: OBI. PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived imaging assay OBI:0000245 organization PMID: 16353909.AAPS J. 2005 Sep 22;7(2):E274-80. Review. The joint food and agriculture organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives and its role in the evaluation of the safety of veterinary drug residues in foods. An entity that can bear roles, has members, and has a set of organization rules. Members of organizations are either organizations themselves or individual people. Members can bear specific organization member roles that are determined in the organization rules. The organization rules also determine how decisions are made on behalf of the organization by the organization members. BP: The definition summarizes long email discussions on the OBI developer, roles, biomaterial and denrie branches. It leaves open if an organization is a material entity or a dependent continuant, as no consensus was reached on that. The current placement as material is therefore temporary, in order to move forward with development. Here is the entire email summary, on which the definition is based: 1) there are organization_member_roles (president, treasurer, branch editor), with individual persons as bearers 2) there are organization_roles (employer, owner, vendor, patent holder) 3) an organization has a charter / rules / bylaws, which specify what roles there are, how they should be realized, and how to modify the charter/rules/bylaws themselves. It is debatable what the organization itself is (some kind of dependent continuant or an aggregate of people). This also determines who/what the bearer of organization_roles' are. My personal favorite is still to define organization as a kind of 'legal entity', but thinking it through leads to all kinds of questions that are clearly outside the scope of OBI. Interestingly enough, it does not seem to matter much where we place organization itself, as long as we can subclass it (University, Corporation, Government Agency, Hospital), instantiate it (Affymetrix, NCBI, NIH, ISO, W3C, University of Oklahoma), and have it play roles. This leads to my proposal: We define organization through the statements 1 - 3 above, but without an 'is a' statement for now. We can leave it in its current place in the is_a hierarchy (material entity) or move it up to 'continuant'. We leave further clarifications to BFO, and close this issue for now. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra PERSON: Susanna Sansone GROUP: OBI organization OBI:0000250 dye role A molecular label role which inheres in a material entity and which is realized in the process of detecting a molecular dye that imparts color to some material of interest. Jennifer Fostel dye A substance used to color materials www.answers.com/topic/dye 19feb09 dye role OBI:0000272 protocol PCR protocol, has objective specification, amplify DNA fragment of interest, and has action specification describes the amounts of experimental reagents used (e..g. buffers, dNTPS, enzyme), and the temperature and cycle time settings for running the PCR. A plan specification which has sufficient level of detail and quantitative information to communicate it between investigation agents, so that different investigation agents will reliably be able to independently reproduce the process. PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived + wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protocol_%28natural_sciences%29) study protocol protocol OBI:0000274 adding a material entity into a target Injecting a drug into a mouse. Adding IL-2 to a cell culture. Adding NaCl into water. is a process with the objective to place a material entity bearing the 'material to be added role' into a material bearing the 'target of material addition role'. Class was renamed from 'administering substance', as this is commonly used only for additions into organisms. BP branch derived adding a material entity into a target OBI:0000275 analyte role Glucose in blood (measured in an assay to determine the concentration of glucose). A measurand role borne by a molecular entity or an atom and realized in an analyte assay which achieves the objective to measure the magnitude/concentration/amount of the analyte in the entity bearing evaluant role. interestingly, an analyte is still an analyte even if it is not detected. for this reason it does not bear a specified input role pH (technically the inverse log of [H+]) may be considered a quality; this remains to be tested. qualities such as weight, color are not assayed but measured, so they do not fall into this category. GROUP: Role Branch OBI Feb 10, 2009. changes after discussion at OBI Consortium Workshop Feb 2-6, 2009. accepted as core term. analyte role OBI:0000319 material to be added role drug added to a buffer contained in a tube; substance injected into an animal; material to be added role is a protocol participant role realized by a material which is added into a material bearing the target of material addition role in a material addition process Role Branch OBI 9 March 09 from discussion with PA branch material to be added role OBI:0000338 interpreting data Concluding that a gene is upregulated in a tissue sample based on the band intensity in a western blot. Concluding that a patient has a infection based on measurement of an elevated body temperature and reported headache. Concluding that there were problems in an investigation because data from PCR and microarray are conflicting. Concluding that 'defects in gene XYZ cause cancer due to improper DNA repair' based on data from experiments in that study that gene XYZ is involved in DNA repair, and the conclusion of a previous study that cancer patients have an increased number of mutations in this gene. A planned process in which data gathered in an investigation is evaluated in the context of existing knowledge with the objective to generate more general conclusions or to conclude that the data does not allow one to draw general conclusion PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Jennifer Fostel Bjoern Peters drawing a conclusion based on data OBI:0000339 planning The process of a scientist thinking about and deciding what reagents to use as part of a protocol for an experiment. Note that the scientist could be human or a "robot scientist" executing software. a process of creating or modifying a plan specification 7/18/2011 BP: planning used to itself be a planned process. Barry Smith pointed out that this would lead to an infinite regression, as there would have to be a plan to conduct a planning process, which in itself would be the result of planning etc. Therefore, the restrictions on 'planning' were loosened to allow for informal processes that result in an 'ad hoc plan '. This required changing from 'has_specified_output some plan specifiction' to 'has_participant some plan specification'. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters Plans and Planned Processes Branch planning OBI:0000367 light emission function A light emission function is an excitation function to excite a material to a specific excitation state that it emits light. Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot light emission function OBI:0000370 contain function A syringe, a beaker A contain function is a function to constrain a material entities location in space Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot contain function OBI:0000371 heat function A heat function is a function that increases the internal kinetic energy of a material Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot heat function OBI:0000372 material separation function A material separation function is a function that increases the resolution between two or more material entities. The to distinction between the entities is usually based on some associated physical quality. Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot material separation function OBI:0000374 excitation function A excitation function is a function to inject energy by bombarding a material with energetic particles (e.g., photons) thereby imbuing internal material components such as electrons with additional energy. These internal, 'excited' particles may lead to the rupturing of covalent chemical bonds or may quickly relax back to there unexcited state with an exponential time course thereby locally emitting energy in the form of photons. Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot excitation function OBI:0000378 filter function A filter function is a function to prevent the flow of certain entities based on a quality or qualities of the entity while allowing entities which have different qualities to pass through Frank Gibson filter function OBI:0000387 cool function A cool function is a function to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material below the initial kinetic energy of that type of material. Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot cool function OBI:0000399 solid support function Taped, glued, pinned, dried or molecularly bonded to a solid support A solid support function is a function of a device on which an entity is kept in a defined position and prevented in its movement Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot solid support function OBI:0000401 environment control function An environmental control function is a function that regulates a contained environment within specified parameter ranges. For example the control of light exposure, humidity and temperature. Bill Bug Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot environment control function OBI:0000403 sort function A sort function is a function to distinguish material components based on some associated physical quality or entity and to partition the separate components into distinct fractions according to a defined order. Daniel Schober Frank Gibson Melanie Courtot sort function OBI:0000411 cloning vector role pBluescript plays the role of a cloning vector A material to be added role played by a small, self-replicating DNA or RNA molecule - usually a plasmid or chromosome - and realized in a process whereby foreign DNA or RNA is inserted into the vector during the process of cloning. JZ: related tracker: https://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/102/ PERSON: Helen Parkinson cloning vector role OBI:0000416 cloning insert role cloning insert role is a role which inheres in DNA or RNA and is realized by the process of being inserted into a cloning vector in a cloning process. Feb 20, 2009. from Wikipedia: cloning of any DNA fragment essentially involves four steps: DNA fragmentation with restriction endonucleases, ligation of DNA fragments to a vector, transfection, and screening/selection. There are multiple processes involved, it is not just "cloning process" GROUP: Role branch OBII and Wikipedia cloning insert role OBI:0000423 extract Up-regulation of inflammatory signalings by areca nut extract and role of cyclooxygenase-2 -1195G>a polymorphism reveal risk of oral cancer. Cancer Res. 2008 Oct 15;68(20):8489-98. PMID: 18922923 an extract is a material entity which results from an extraction process PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra extracted material GROUP: OBI Biomatrial Branch extract OBI:0000424 transcription profiling assay Whole genome transcription profiling of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in human and tick host cells by tiling array analysis. BMC Genomics. 2008 Jul 31;9:364. PMID: 18671858 An assay which aims to provide information about gene expression and transcription activity using ribonucleic acids collected from a material entity using a range of techniques and instrument such as DNA sequencers, DNA microarrays, Northern Blot Philippe Rocca-Serra gene expression profiling OBI transcription profiling transcription profiling assay OBI:0000425 averaging objective A mean calculation which has averaging objective is a descriptive statistics calculation in which the mean is calculated by taking the sum of all of the observations in a data set divided by the total number of observations. It gives a measure of the 'center of gravity' for the data set. It is also known as the first moment. An averaging objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to perform mean calculations on the input of the data transformation. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi averaging objective OBI:0000427 enzyme (protein or rna) or has_part (protein or rna) and has_function some GO:0003824 (catalytic activity) MC: known issue: enzyme doesn't classify under material entity for now as it isn't stated that anything that has_part some material entity is a material entity. If we add as equivalent classes to material entity has_part some material entity and part_of some material entity (each one in his own necessary and sufficient block) Pellet in P3 doesn't classify any more. person: Melanie Courtot GROUP:OBI enzyme OBI:0000434 adding material objective creating a mouse infected with LCM virus is the specification of an objective to add a material into a target material. The adding is asymmetric in the sense that the target material largely retains its identity BP adding material objective OBI:0000435 genotyping assay High-throughput genotyping of oncogenic human papilloma viruses with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Clin Chem. 2008 Jan;54(1):86-92. Epub 2007 Nov 2.PMID: 17981923 an assay which generates data about a genotype from a specimen of genomic DNA. A variety of techniques and instruments can be used to produce information about sequence variation at particular genomic positions. Philippe Rocca-Serra genotype profiling, SNP genotyping OBI Biomaterial SNP analysis genotyping assay OBI:0000437 analyte measurement objective The objective to measure the concentration of glucose in a blood sample an assay objective to determine the presence or concentration of an analyte in the evaluant PERSON: Bjoern Peters PPPB branch analyte measurement objective OBI:0000441 assay objective the objective to determine the weight of a mouse. an objective specification to determine a specified type of information about an evaluated entity (the material entity bearing evaluant role) PPPB branch PPPB branch assay objective OBI:0000443 analyte assay example of usage: In lab test for blood glucose, the test is the assay, the blood bears evaluant_role and glucose bears the analyte role. The evaluant is considered an input to the assay and the information entity that records the measurement of glucose concentration the output An assay with the objective to capture information about the presence, concentration, or amount of an analyte in an evaluant. 2013-09-23: simplify equivalent axiom Note: is_realization of some analyte role isn't always true, for example when there is none of the analyte in the evaluant. For the moment we are writing it this way, but when the information ontology is further worked out this will be replaced with a condition discussing the measurement. logical def modified to remove expression below, as some analyte assays report below the level of detection, and therefore not a scalar measurement datum, replaced by measurement datum and ('has measurement unit label' some 'measurement unit label') and ('is quality measurement of' some 'molecular concentration')) PERSON:Bjoern Peters, Helen Parkinson, Philippe Rocca-Serra, Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters PERSON:Helen Parkinson PERSON:Philippe Rocca-Serra PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg GROUP:OBI Planned process branch analyte assay OBI:0000444 target of material addition role peritoneum of an animal receiving an interperitoneal injection; solution in a tube receiving additional material; location of absorbed material following a dermal application. target of material addition role is a role realized by an entity into which a material is added in a material addition process From Branch discussion with BP, AR, MC -- there is a need for the recipient to interact with the administered material. for example, a tooth receiving a filling was not considered to be a target role. GROUP: Role Branch OBI target of material addition role OBI:0000451 normalized data set A data set that is produced as the output of a normalization data transformation. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot normalized data set OBI:0000453 measure function A glucometer measures blood glucose concentration, the glucometer has a measure function. Measure function is a function that is borne by a processed material and realized in a process in which information about some entity is expressed relative to some reference. PERSON: Daniel Schober PERSON: Helen Parkinson PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON:Frank Gibson measure function OBI:0000456 material transformation objective The objective to create a mouse infected with LCM virus. The objective to create a defined solution of PBS. an objective specifiction that creates an specific output object from input materials. PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Frank Gibson PERSON: Jennifer Fostel PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra artifact creation objective GROUP: OBI PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch material transformation objective OBI:0000471 study design execution injecting a mouse with PBS solution, weighing it, and recording the weight according to a study design. a planned process that carries out a study design removed axiom has_part some (assay or 'data transformation') per discussion on protocol application mailing list to improve reasoner performance. The axiom is still desired. branch derived 6/11/9: edited at workshop. Used to be: study design execution is a process with the objective to generate data according to a concretized study design. The execution of a study design is part of an investigation, and minimally consists of an assay or data transformation. study design execution OBI:0000626 DNA sequencing Genomic deletions of OFD1 account for 23% of oral-facial-digital type 1 syndrome after negative DNA sequencing. Thauvin-Robinet C, Franco B, Saugier-Veber P, Aral B, Gigot N, Donzel A, Van Maldergem L, Bieth E, Layet V, Mathieu M, Teebi A, Lespinasse J, Callier P, Mugneret F, Masurel-Paulet A, Gautier E, Huet F, Teyssier JR, Tosi M, Frébourg T, Faivre L. Hum Mutat. 2008 Nov 19. PMID: 19023858 DNA sequencing is a sequencing process which uses deoxyribonucleic acid as input and results in a the creation of DNA sequence information artifact using a DNA sequencer instrument. Philippe Rocca-Serra OBI Branch derived nucleotide sequencing DNA sequencing OBI:0000639 material separation objective The objective to obtain multiple aliquots of an enzyme preparation. The objective to obtain cells contained in a sample of blood. is an objective to transform a material entity into spatially separated components. PPPB branch PPPB branch material separation objective OBI:0000648 clustered data set A clustered data set is the output of a K means clustering data transformation A data set that is produced as the output of a class discovery data transformation and consists of a data set with assigned discovered class labels. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee data set with assigned discovered class labels AR thinks could be a data item instead clustered data set OBI:0000649 data set of features A data set that is produced as the output of a descriptive statistical calculation data transformation and consists of producing a data set that represents one or more features of interest about the input data set. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee data set of features OBI:0000650 differential expression analysis data transformation A differential expression analysis data transformation is a data transformation that has objective differential expression analysis and that consists of James Malone Melanie Courtot Monnie McGee WEB: differential expression analysis data transformation OBI:0000652 material combination Mixing two fluids. Adding salt into water. Injecting a mouse with PBS. is a material processing with the objective to combine two or more material entities as input into a single material entity as output. created at workshop as parent class for 'adding material into target', which is asymmetric, while combination encompasses all addition processes. bp bp material combination OBI:0000659 specimen collection process drawing blood from a patient for analysis, collecting a piece of a plant for depositing in a herbarium, buying meat from a butcher in order to measure its protein content in an investigation A planned process with the objective of collecting a specimen. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. Philly2013: A specimen collection can have as part a material entity acquisition, such as ordering from a bank. The distinction is that specimen collection necessarily involves the creation of a specimen role. However ordering cell lines cells from ATCC for use in an investigation is NOT a specimen collection, because the cell lines already have a specimen role. Philly2013: The specimen_role for the specimen is created during the specimen collection process. label changed to 'specimen collection process' on 10/27/2014, details see tracker: http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/716/ Bjoern Peters specimen collection 5/31/2012: This process is not necessarily an acquisition, as specimens may be collected from materials already in posession 6/9/09: used at workshop specimen collection process OBI:0000662 error corrected data set A data set that is produced as the output of an error correction data transformation and consists of producing a data set which has had erroneous contributions from the input to the data transformation removed (corrected for). PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee error corrected data set OBI:0000668 error correction data transformation An error correction data transformation is a data transformation that has the objective of error correction, where the aim is to remove (correct for) erroneous contributions from the input to the data transformation. James Malone Monnie McGee EDITORS error correction data transformation OBI:0000671 sample from organism a material obtained from an organism in order to be a representative of the whole 5/29: This is a helper class for now we need to work on this: Is taking a urine sample a material separation process? If not, we will need to specify what 'taking a sample from organism' entails. We can argue that the objective to obtain a urine sample from a patient is enough to call it a material separation process, but it could dilute what material separation was supposed to be about. sample from organism OBI:0000673 statistical hypothesis test "A statistical test provides a mechanism for making quantitative decisions about a process or processes". A statistical hypothesis test data transformation is a data transformation that has objective statistical hypothesis test. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran James Malone Philippe Rocca-Serra PERSON: James Malone http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/prc/section1/prc13.htm NHST Null Hypothesis Statistical Testing statistical hypothesis testing statistical hypothesis test OBI:0000674 center value A data item that is produced as the output of a center calculation data transformation and represents the center value of the input data. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee median center value OBI:0000675 statistical hypothesis test objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to estimate statistical significance with the aim of proving or disproving a hypothesis by means of some data transformation James Malone Person:Helen Parkinson hypothesis test objective WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_hypothesis_testing statistical hypothesis test objective OBI:0000678 portioning objective The objective to obtain multiple aliquots of an enzyme preparation. A material separation objective aiming to separate material into multiple portions, each of which contains a similar composition of the input material. portioning objective OBI:0000679 average value A data item that is produced as the output of an averaging data transformation and represents the average value of the input data. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee arithmetic mean average value OBI:0000681 separation into different composition objective The objective to obtain cells contained in a sample of blood. A material separation objective aiming to separate a material entity that has parts of different types, and end with at least one output that is a material with parts of fewer types (modulo impurities). We should be using has the grain relations or concentrations to distinguish the portioning and other sub-objectives separation into different composition objective OBI:0000684 specimen collection objective The objective to collect bits of excrement in the rainforest. The objective to obtain a blood sample from a patient. A objective specification to obtain a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters specimen collection objective OBI:0000686 material combination objective is an objective to obtain an output material that contains several input materials. PPPB branch bp material combination objective OBI:0000722 paired-end library PMID: 19339662. Next-generation DNA sequencing of paired-end tags (PET) for transcriptome and genome analyses. Genome Res. 2009 Apr;19(4):521-32. Fullwood MJ, Wei CL, Liu ET, Ruan Y. is a collection of short paired tags from the two ends of DNA fragments are extracted and covalently linked as ditag constructs Philippe Rocca-Serra mate-paired library paired-end tag (PET) library adapted from information provided by Solid web site paired-end library OBI:0000727 k-nearest neighbors A k-nearest neighbors is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery or partitioning objective, in which an input data object with vector y is assigned to a class label based upon the k closest training data set points to y; where k is the largest value that class label is assigned. James Malone k-NN PERSON: James Malone k-nearest neighbors OBI:0000731 recombinant vector A recombinant vector is created by a recombinant vector cloning process, and contains nucleic acids that can be amplified. It retains functions of the original cloning vector. recombinant vector OBI:0000736 single fragment library is a collection of short tags from DNA fragments, are extracted and covalently linked as single tag constructs Philippe Rocca-Serra fragment library single fragment library OBI:0000737 cloning vector A cloning vector is an engineered material that is used as an input material for a recombinant vector cloning process to carry inserted nucleic acids. It contains an origin of replication for a specific destination host organism, encodes for a selectable gene product and contains a cloning site. cloning vector 1 2 1 true 1 true 1 2 1 OBI:0000739 Student's t-test Studen't t-test is a data transformation with the objective of a statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic has a Student's t distribution if the null hypothesis is true. It is applied when the population is assumed to be normally distributed but the sample sizes are small enough that the statistic on which inference is based is not normally distributed because it relies on an uncertain estimate of standard deviation rather than on a precisely known value. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran James Malone Philippe Rocca-Serra t-test WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-test t.test(dependent variable ~ independant variable, data = dataset, var.equal = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/t.test.html Student's t-test OBI:0000740 material sample role a role borne by a portion of blood taken to represent all the blood in an organism; the role borne by a population of humans with HIV enrolled in a study taken to represent patients with HIV in general. A material sample role is a specimen role borne by a material entity that is the output of a material sampling process. 7/13/09: Note that this is a relational role: between the sample taken and the 'sampled' material of which the sample is thought to be representative off. material sample role OBI:0000744 material sampling process A specimen gathering process with the objective to obtain a specimen that is representative of the input material entity material sampling process OBI:0000747 material sample blood drawn from patient to measure his systemic glucose level. A population of humans with HIV enrolled in a study taken to represent patients with HIV in general. A material entity that has the material sample role OBI: workshop sample population sample material sample OBI:0000750 independent variable specification In a study in which gene expression is measured in patients between 8 month to 4 years old that have mild or severe malaria and in which the hypothesis is that gene expression in that age group is a function of disease status, disease status is the independent variable. a directive information entity that is part of a study design. Independent variables are entities whose values are selected to determine its relationship to an observed phenomenon (the dependent variable). In such an experiment, an attempt is made to find evidence that the values of the independent variable determine the values of the dependent variable (that which is being measured). The independent variable can be changed as required, and its values do not represent a problem requiring explanation in an analysis, but are taken simply as given. The dependent variable on the other hand, usually cannot be directly controlled 2/2/2009 Original definition - In the design of experiments, independent variables are those whose values are controlled or selected by the person experimenting (experimenter) to determine its relationship to an observed phenomenon (the dependent variable). In such an experiment, an attempt is made to find evidence that the values of the independent variable determine the values of the dependent variable (that which is being measured). The independent variable can be changed as required, and its values do not represent a problem requiring explanation in an analysis, but are taken simply as given. The dependent variable on the other hand, usually cannot be directly controlled. In the Philly 2013 workshop the label was chosen to distinguish it from "dependent variable" as used in statistical modelling. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_modeling an independent variable is a variable which assumes only values set by the operator according to a plan and which are expected to (or are being tested for) influence the ranges of values assumed by one or more dependent variables (also known as 'response variables'). PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Chris Stoeckert experimental factor independent variable Web: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_and_independent_variables 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify thisdefinition please notify OBI. study factor explanatory variable factor study design independent variable OBI:0000751 dependent variable specification In a study in which gene expression is measured in patients between 8 month to 4 years old that have mild or severe malaria and in which the hypothesis is that gene expression in that age group is a function of disease status, the gene expression is the dependent variable. dependent variable specification is part of a study design. The dependent variable is the event studied and expected to change when the independent variable varies. 2/2/2009 In the design of experiments, independent variables are those whose values are controlled or selected by the person experimenting (experimenter) to determine its relationship to an observed phenomenon (the dependent variable). In such an experiment, an attempt is made to find evidence that the values of the independent variable determine the values of the dependent variable (that which is being measured). The independent variable can be changed as required, and its values do not represent a problem requiring explanation in an analysis, but are taken simply as given. The dependent variable on the other hand, usually cannot be directly controlled. In the Philly 2013 workshop the label was chosen to distinguish it from "dependent variable" as used in statistical modelling. See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_modeling PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Chris Stoeckert dependent variable WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependent_and_independent_variables 2009-03-16: work has been done on this term during during the OBI workshop winter 2009 and the current definition was considered acceptable for use in OBI. If there is a need to modify thisdefinition please notify OBI. response variable study design dependent variable OBI:0000789 survival rate A measurement data that represents the percentage of people or animals in a study or treatment group who are alive for a given period of time after diagnosis or initiation of monitoring. Oliver He adapted from wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_rate survival rate OBI:0000791 multiple testing correction objective Application of the Bonferroni correction A multiple testing correction objectives is a data transformation objective where the aim is to correct for a set of statistical inferences considered simultaneously multiple comparison correction objective http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_Testing_Correction multiple testing correction objective OBI:0000806 material maintenance objective An objective specification maintains some or all of the qualities of a material over time. PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Bjoern Peters material maintenance objective OBI:0000811 primary structure of DNA macromolecule a quality of a DNA molecule that inheres in its bearer due to the order of its DNA nucleotide residues. placeholder for SO BP et al primary structure of DNA macromolecule OBI:0000832 measurement device A ruler, a microarray scanner, a Geiger counter. A device in which a measure function inheres. GROUP:OBI Philly workshop OBI measurement device OBI:0000838 material maintenance a process with that achieves the objective to maintain some or all of the characteristics of an input material over time material maintenance OBI:0000848 polyA RNA extraction A RNA extraction process typically involving the use of poly dT oligomers in which the desired output material is polyA RNA. Person: Chris Stoeckert Person: Jie Zheng UPenn Group polyA RNA extraction 1 2 OBI:0000861 Likelihood-ratio test Likelihood-ratio is a data transformation which tests whether there is evidence of the need to move from a simple model to a more complicated one (where the simple model is nested within the complicated one); tests of the goodness-of-fit between two models. date: March 2013 AGB and PRS provide formal definition expressed the test in terms of output and input, specifying the nature of the variables, the purpose of the test and the distribution used. Alejandra Gonzales-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra Tina Boussard lrtest() http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/lmtest/html/lrtest.html Likelihood-ratio test OBI:0000889 survival curve A survival curve is a report graph which is a graphical representation of data where the percentage of survival is plotted as a function of time. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran PERSON:Chris Stoeckert PERSON:James Malone PERSON:Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra WEB: http://www.graphpad.com/www/book/survive.htm survival curve OBI:0000916 flow cytometry assay Using a flow cytometer to quantitate the percent of CD3 positive cells in a population by labeling them with a FITC tagged anti-CD3 antibody. A cytometry assay in which an input cell population is put in solution, is passed by a laser, and optical sensors are used to detect scattering of the laser light and/or fluorescence of specific markers to count and characterize the particles in solution. IEDB IEDB flow cytometry assay OBI:0000924 labeled specimen A specimen that has been modified in order to be able to detect it in future experiments added during call 3/1/2010 OBI group labeled specimen OBI:0000931 study intervention the part of the execution of an intervention design study which is varied between two or more subjects in the study PERSON: Bjoern Peters GROUP: OBI study intervention OBI:0000932 material separation device flow cytometer A device with a separation function realized in a planed process material separation device OBI:0000938 categorical measurement datum A measurement datum that is reported on a categorical scale Bjoern Peters nominal mesurement datum Bjoern Peters categorical measurement datum OBI:0000953 processed specimen A tissue sample that has been sliced and stained for a histology study. A blood specimen that has been centrifuged to obtain the white blood cells. A specimen that has been intentionally physically modified. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters A tissue sample that has been sliced and stained for a histology study. processed specimen OBI:0000963 categorical label The labels 'positive' vs. 'negative', or 'left handed', 'right handed', 'ambidexterous', or 'strongly binding', 'weakly binding' , 'not binding', or '+++', '++', '+', '-' etc. form scales of categorical labels. A label that is part of a categorical datum and that indicates the value of the data item on the categorical scale. Bjoern Peters Bjoern Peters categorical label OBI:0000964 in live cell assay An assay in which a measurement is made by observing entities located in a live cell. in live cell assay OBI:0000967 container A device that can be used to restrict the location of material entities over time 03/21/2010: Added to allow classification of children (similar to what we want to do for 'measurement device'. Lookint at what classifies here, we may want to reconsider a contain function assigned to a part of an entity is necessarily also a function of the whole (e.g. is a centrifuge a container because it has test tubes as parts?) PERSON: Bjoern Peters container OBI:0000968 device A voltmeter is a measurement device which is intended to perform some measure function. An autoclave is a device that sterlizes instruments or contaminated waste by applying high temperature and pressure. A material entity that is designed to perform a function in a scientific investigation, but is not a reagent. 2012-12-17 JAO: In common lab usage, there is a distinction made between devices and reagents that is difficult to model. Therefore we have chosen to specifically exclude reagents from the definition of "device", and are enumerating the types of roles that a reagent can perform. 2013-6-5 MHB: The following clarifications are outcomes of the May 2013 Philly Workshop. Reagents are distinguished from devices that also participate in scientific techniques by the fact that reagents are chemical or biological in nature and necessarily participate in some chemical interaction or reaction during the realization of their experimental role. By contrast, devices do not participate in such chemical reactions/interactions. Note that there are cases where devices use reagent components during their operation, where the reagent-device distinction is less clear. For example: (1) An HPLC machine is considered a device, but has a column that holds a stationary phase resin as an operational component. This resin qualifies as a device if it participates purely in size exclusion, but bears a reagent role that is realized in the running of a column if it interacts electrostatically or chemically with the evaluant. The container the resin is in (“the column”) considered alone is a device. So the entire column as well as the entire HPLC machine are devices that have a reagent as an operating part. (2) A pH meter is a device, but its electrode component bears a reagent role in virtue of its interacting directly with the evaluant in execution of an assay. (3) A gel running box is a device that has a metallic lead as a component that participates in a chemical reaction with the running buffer when a charge is passed through it. This metallic lead is considered to have a reagent role as a component of this device realized in the running of a gel. In the examples above, a reagent is an operational component of a device, but the device itself does not realize a reagent role (as bearing a reagent role is not transitive across the part_of relation). In this way, the asserted disjointness between a reagent and device holds, as both roles are never realized in the same bearer during execution of an assay. PERSON: Helen Parkinson instrument OBI development call 2012-12-17. device OBI:0000973 sequence data example of usage: the representation of a nucleotide sequence in FASTA format used for a sequence similarity search. A measurement datum that representing the primary structure of a macromolecule(it's sequence) sometimes associated with an indicator of confidence of that measurement. Person:Chris Stoeckert GROUP: OBI sequence data OBI:0000984 dose An organism has been injected 1ml of vaccine A measurement datum that measures the quantity of something that may be administered to an organism or that an organism may be exposed to. Quantities of nutrients, drugs, vaccines and toxins are referred to as doses. dose OBI:0001010 nucleic acid extract An extract that is the output of an extraction process in which nucleic acid molecules are isolated from a specimen. PERSON: Jie Zheng UPenn Group nucleic acid extract OBI:0001032 light emission device A light source is an optical subsystem that provides light for use in a distant area using a delivery system (e.g., fiber optics) a device which has a function to emit light. Person:Helen Parkinson OBI light emission device OBI:0001034 environmental control device A growth chamber is an environmental control device. An environmental control device is a device which has the function to control some aspect of the environment such as temperature, or humidity. Helen Parkinson OBI environmental control device OBI:0001143 labeled nucleic acid extract a labeled specimen that is the output of a labeling process and has grain labeled nucleic acid for detection of the nucleic acid in future experiments. Person: Jie Zheng labeled extract MO_221 labeledExtract labeled extract labeled nucleic acid extract OBI:0001172 dose response curve A data item of paired values, one indicating the dose of a material, the other quantitating a measured effect at that dose. The dosing intervals are chosen so that effect values be interpolated by a plotting a curve. Bjoern Peters; Randi Vita Philippe Rocca-Serra, Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran dose response curve OBI:0001225 genetic population background information genotype information 'C57BL/6J Hnf1a+/-' in this case, C57BL/6J is the genetic population background information a genetic characteristics information which is a part of genotype information that identifies the population of organisms proposed and discussed on San Diego OBI workshop, March 2011 Group: OBI group Group: OBI group genetic population background information OBI:0001265 FWER adjusted p-value http://ugrad.stat.ubc.ca/R/library/LPE/html/mt.rawp2adjp.html A quantitative confidence value resulting from a multiple testing error correction method which adjusts the p-value used as input to control for Type I error in the context of multiple pairwise tests Addition of restriction 'output of null hypothesis testing' and specified output by AGB and PRS while working on STATO PERS:Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familywise_error_rate) Family-wise type I error rate FWER adjusted p-value OBI:0001271 RNA-seq assay An assay in which sequencing technology (e.g. Solexa/454) is used to generate RNA sequence, analyse the transcibed regions of the genome, and or to quantitate transcript abundance PERSON: James Malone transcription profiling by high throughput sequencing EFO_0002770 transcription profiling by high throughput sequencing JZ: should be inferred as 'DNA sequencing'. Will check in the future. an assay that uses high-throughput sequencing technologies to sequence cDNA in order to get information about a sample's RNA content. RNA-Seq provides researchers with efficient ways to measure transcriptome data experimentally, allowing them to get information such as how different alleles of a gene are expressed, detect post-transcriptional mutations or identify gene fusions. WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA-Seq RNA-seq assay OBI:0001305 genotype information Genotype information can be: Mus musculus wild type (in this case the genetic population background information is Mus musculus), C57BL/6J Hnf1a+/- (in this case, C57BL/6J is the genetic population background information and Hnf1a+/- is the allele information a genetic characteristics information that is about the genetic material of an organism and minimally includes information about the genetic background and can in addition contain information about specific alleles, genetic modifications, etc. discussed on San Diego OBI workshop, March 2011 Group: OBI group Group: OBI group genotype information OBI:0001331 transcription profiling identification objective A molecular feature identification objective that aims to characterize the abundance of transcripts Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng Group: Penn Group transcription profiling identification objective OBI:0001352 allele information genotype information 'C57BL/6J Hnf1a+/-' in this case, Hnf1a+/- is the allele information a genetic alteration information that about one of two or more alternative forms of a gene or marker sequence and differing from other alleles at one or more mutational sites based on sequence. Polymorphisms are included in this definition. discussed on San Diego OBI workshop, March 2011 Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng MO_58 Allele allele information OBI:0001364 genetic alteration information a genetic characteristics information that is about known changes or the lack thereof from the genetic background, including allele information, duplication, insertion, deletion, etc. proposed and discussed on San Diego OBI workshop, March 2011 Group: OBI group Group: OBI group genetic alteration information OBI:0001404 genetic characteristics information a data item that is about genetic material including polymorphisms, disease alleles, and haplotypes. Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng MO_66 IndividualGeneticCharacteristics MO definition: The genotype of the individual organism from which the biomaterial was derived. Individual genetic characteristics include polymorphisms, disease alleles, and haplotypes. examples in ArrayExpress wild_type MutaMouse (CD2F1 mice with lambda-gt10LacZ integration) AlfpCre; SNF5 flox/knockout p53 knock out C57Bl/6 gp130lox/lox MLC2vCRE/+ fer-15; fem-1 df/df pat1-114/pat1-114 ade6-M210/ade6-M216 h+/h+ (cells are diploid) genetic characteristics information OBI:0001442 q-value PMID: 20483222. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2008 Sep;3(3):234-42. Analysis of Sus scrofa liver proteome and identification of proteins differentially expressed between genders, and conventional and genetically enhanced lines. "After controlling the false discovery rate (FDR</=0.1) using the Storey q value only four proteins (EPHX1, CAT, PAH, ST13) were shown to be differentially expressed between genders (Males/Females) and two proteins (SELENBP2, TAGLN) were differentially expressed between two lines (Transgenic/Conventional pigs)" A quantitative confidence value that measures the minimum false discovery rate that is incurred when calling that test significant. To compute q-values, it is necessary to know the p-value produced by a test and possibly set a false discovery rate level. Addition of restriction 'output of null hypothesis testing' by AGB and PRS while working on STATO PERS:Philippe Rocca-Serra FDR adjusted p-value Adapted from several sources, including http://.en/wikipedia.org/wiki/False_discovery_rate http://svitsrv25.epfl.ch/R-doc/library/qvalue.html q q-value OBI:0001444 genotyping design A study design that classifies an individual or group of individuals on the basis of alleles, haplotypes, SNPs. Person: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng MO_560 genotyping_design genotyping design OBI:0001479 specimen from organism A specimen that derives from an anatomical part or substance arising from an organism. Examples of tissue specimen include tissue, organ, physiological system, blood, or body location (arm). PERSON: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng tissue specimen MO_954 organism_part specimen from organism OBI:0001501 fluorescence detection assay Using a laser to stimulate a cell culture that was previously labeled with fluorescent antibodies to detect light emmission at a different wavelength in order to determine the presence of surface markers the antibodies are specific for. An assay in which a material's fluorescence is determined. IEDB IEDB fluorescence detection assay OBI:0001554 rate measurement datum The rate of disassociation of a peptide from a complex with an MHC molecule measured by the ratio of bound and unbound peptide per unit of time. A scalar measurement datum that represents the number of events occuring over a time interval PERSON: Bjoern Peters, Randi Vita IEDB rate measurement datum OBI:0001573 DNA sequence data The part of a FASTA file that contains the letters ACTGGGAA A sequence data item that is about the primary structure of DNA OBI call; Bjoern Peters OBI call; Melanie Courtout 8/29/11 call: This is added after a request from Melanie and Yu. They should review it further. This should be a child of 'sequence data', and as of the current definition will infer there. DNA sequence data OBI:0001755 selection criterion rats should be aged between 6 and 8 weeks and weight between 180-250grams A directive information entity which defines and states a principle of standard by which selection process may take place. Person: Philippe Rocca-Serra selection rule OBI discussion summarized under the following tracker item : http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/678/ selection criterion OBI:0001834 drawing a conclusion Concluding that the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the square root of the sum of squares of the other two sides in a right-triangle. Concluding that a gene is upregulated in a tissue sample based on the band intensity in a western blot. Concluding that a patient has a infection based on measurement of an elevated body temperature and reported headache. Concluding that there were problems in an investigation because data from PCR and microarray are conflicting. A planned process in which new information is inferred from existing information. drawing a conclusion OBI:0001865 assay array A device made to be used in an analyte assay for immobilization of substances that bind the analyte at regular spatial positions on a surface. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert, Jie Zheng, Alan Ruttenberg Penn Group assay array OBI:0001909 conclusion based on data The conclusion that a gene is upregulated in a tissue sample based on the band intensity in a western blot. The conclusion that a patient has a infection based on measurement of an elevated body temperature and reported headache. The conclusion that there were problems in an investigation because data from PCR and microarray are conflicting. The following are NOT conclusions based on data: data themselves; results from pure mathematics, e.g. "13 is prime". An information content entity that is inferred from data. In the Philly 2013 workshop, we recognized the limitations of "conclusion textual entity", and we introduced this as more general. The need for the 'textual entity' term going forward is up for future debate. Group:2013 Philly Workshop group Group:2013 Philly Workshop group conclusion based on data OBI:0001912 cell freezing medium A processed material that serves as a liquid vehicle for freezing cells for long term quiescent stroage, which contains chemicls needed to sustain cell viability across freeze-thaw cycles. PERSON: Matthew Brush cell freezing medium OBI:0001930 categorical value specification A value specification that is specifies one category out of a fixed number of nominal categories PERSON:Bjoern Peters categorical value specification 1 1 OBI:0001931 scalar value specification A value specification that consists of two parts: a numeral and a unit label PERSON:Bjoern Peters scalar value specification OBI:0001933 value specification The value of 'positive' in a classification scheme of "positive or negative"; the value of '20g' on the quantitative scale of mass. An information content entity that specifies a value within a classification scheme or on a quantitative scale. This term is currently a descendant of 'information content entity', which requires that it 'is about' something. A value specification of '20g' for a measurement data item of the mass of a particular mouse 'is about' the mass of that mouse. However there are cases where a value specification is not clearly about any particular. In the future we may change 'value specification' to remove the 'is about' requirement. PERSON:Bjoern Peters value specification OBI:0001936 molecular-labeled material a material entity that is the specified output of an addition of molecular label process that aims to label some molecular target to allow for its detection in a detection of molecular label assay PERSON:Matthew Brush OBI developer call, 3-12-12 molecular-labeled material OBI:0001977 cytometry assay An intracellular material detection by flow cytometry assay measuring peforin inside a culture of T cells. An assay that measures properties of cells. IEDB IEDB cytometry assay OBI:0002089 physical store a freezer. a humidity controlled box. A container with an environmental control function. For details see tracker item: http://sourceforge.net/p/obi/obi-terms/793/ Chris Stoeckert Duke Biobank, OBIB Biobank physical store OBI:0002444 measurand role A role borne by a material entity and realized in an assay which achieves the objective to measure the magnitude/concentration/amount of the measurand in the entity bearing evaluant role. Person: Alan Ruttenberg, Jie Zheng https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/measurand https://github.com/obi-ontology/obi/issues/778 measurand role OBI:0100026 organism animal fungus plant virus A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. 10/21/09: This is a placeholder term, that should ideally be imported from the NCBI taxonomy, but the high level hierarchy there does not suit our needs (includes plasmids and 'other organisms') 13-02-2009: OBI doesn't take position as to when an organism starts or ends being an organism - e.g. sperm, foetus. This issue is outside the scope of OBI. GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organism organism OBI:0100051 specimen Biobanking of blood taken and stored in a freezer for potential future investigations stores specimen. A material entity that has the specimen role. Note: definition is in specimen creation objective which is defined as an objective to obtain and store a material entity for potential use as an input during an investigation. PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra GROUP: OBI Biomaterial Branch specimen OBI:0100060 cultured cell population A cultured cell population applied in an experiment: "293 cells expressing TrkA were serum-starved for 18 hours and then neurotrophins were added for 10 min before cell harvest." (Lee, Ramee, et al. "Regulation of cell survival by secreted proneurotrophins." Science 294.5548 (2001): 1945-1948). A cultured cell population maintained in vitro: "Rat cortical neurons from 15 day embryos are grown in dissociated cell culture and maintained in vitro for 8–12 weeks" (Dichter, Marc A. "Rat cortical neurons in cell culture: culture methods, cell morphology, electrophysiology, and synapse formation." Brain Research 149.2 (1978): 279-293). A processed material comprised of a collection of cultured cells that has been continuously maintained together in culture and shares a common propagation history. 2013-6-5 MHB: This OBI class was formerly called 'cell culture', but label changed and definition updated following CLO alignment efforts in spring 2013, during which the intent of this class was clarified to refer to portions of a culture or line rather than a complete cell culture or line. PERSON:Matthew Brush cell culture sample PERSON:Matthew Brush The extent of a 'cultured cell population' is restricted only in that all cell members must share a propagation history (ie be derived through a common lineage of passages from an initial culture). In being defined in this way, this class can be used to refer to the populations that researchers actually use in the practice of science - ie are the inputs to culturing, experimentation, and sharing. The cells in such populations will be a relatively uniform population as they have experienced similar selective pressures due to their continuous co-propagation. And this population will also have a single passage number, again owing to their common passaging history. Cultured cell populations represent only a collection of cells (ie do not include media, culture dishes, etc), and include populations of cultured unicellular organisms or cultured multicellular organism cells. They can exist under active culture, stored in a quiescent state for future use, or applied experimentally. cultured cell population OBI:0100064 screening library PMID: 15615535.J Med Chem. 2004 Dec 30;47(27):6864-74.A screening library for peptide activated G-protein coupled receptors. 1. The test set. [cdna_library, phage display library] a screening library is a collection of materials engineered to identify qualities of a subset of its members during a screening process? PRS: 22-02-2008: while working on definition of cDNA library and looking at current example of usage, a screening library should be a defined class -> any material library which has input_role in a screening protocol application change biomaterial to material in definition PERSON: Bjoern Peters GROUP: IEDB 7/13/09: Need to clarify if this meets reagent role definition screening library OBI:0200000 data transformation The application of a clustering protocol to microarray data or the application of a statistical testing method on a primary data set to determine a p-value. A planned process that produces output data from input data. Elisabetta Manduchi Helen Parkinson James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra Richard Scheuermann Ryan Brinkman Tina Hernandez-Boussard data analysis data processing Branch editors data transformation OBI:0200031 differential expression analysis objective Analyses implemented by the SAM (http://www-stat.stanford.edu/~tibs/SAM), PaGE (www.cbil.upenn.edu/PaGE) or GSEA (www.broad.mit.edu/gsea/) algorithms and software A differential expression analysis objective is a data transformation objective whose input consists of expression levels of entities (such as transcripts or proteins), or of sets of such expression levels, under two or more conditions and whose output reflects which of these are likely to have different expression across such conditions. Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi differential expression analysis objective OBI:0200036 Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate correction method Statistical significance of the 8 most represented biological processes (GO level 4) among E7 6 month upregulated genes following analysis with DAVID software; Benjamini-Hochberg FDR (false discovery rate) A data transformation process in which the Benjamini and Hochberg method sequential p-value procedure is applied with the aim of correcting false discovery rate 2011-03-31: [PRS]. specified input and output of dt which were missing Helen Parkinson Philippe Rocca-Serra Helen Parkinson Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate correction method OBI:0200041 k-means clustering A k-means clustering is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery or partitioning objective, which takes as input a collection of objects (represented as points in multidimensional space) and which partitions them into a specified number k of clusters. The algorithm attempts to find the centers of natural clusters in the data. The most common form of the algorithm starts by partitioning the input points into k initial sets, either at random or using some heuristic data. It then calculates the mean point, or centroid, of each set. It constructs a new partition by associating each point with the closest centroid. Then the centroids are recalculated for the new clusters, and the algorithm repeated by alternate applications of these two steps until convergence, which is obtained when the points no longer switch clusters (or alternatively centroids are no longer changed). Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Philippe Rocca-Serra WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-means k-means clustering OBI:0200042 hierarchical clustering A hierarchical clustering is a data transformation which achieves a class discovery objective, which takes as input data item and builds a hierarchy of clusters. The traditional representation of this hierarchy is a tree (visualized by a dendrogram), with the individual input objects at one end (leaves) and a single cluster containing every object at the other (root). James Malone WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_clustering#Hierarchical_clustering hierarchical clustering OBI:0200043 average linkage hierarchical clustering An average linkage hierarchical clustering is an agglomerative hierarchical clustering which generates successive clusters based on a distance measure, where the distance between two clusters is calculated as the average distance between objects from the first cluster and objects from the second cluster. Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi average linkage hierarchical clustering OBI:0200044 complete linkage hierarchical clustering an agglomerative hierarchical clustering which generates successive clusters based on a distance measure, where the distance between two clusters is calculated as the maximum distance between objects from the first cluster and objects from the second cluster. Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi complete linkage hierarchical clustering OBI:0200045 single linkage hierarchical clustering A single linkage hierarchical clustering is an agglomerative hierarchical clustering which generates successive clusters based on a distance measure, where the distance between two clusters is calculated as the minimum distance between objects from the first cluster and objects from the second cluster. Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi single linkage hierarchical clustering OBI:0200049 Benjamini and Yekutieli false discovery rate correction method The expression set was compared univariately between the stroke patients and controls, gene list was generated using False Discovery Rate correction (Benjamini and Yekutieli) A data transformation in which the Benjamini and Yekutieli method is applied with the aim of correcting false discovery rate 2011-03-31: [PRS]. specified input and output of dt which were missing Helen Parkinson Philippe Rocca-Serra Helen Parkinson Benjamini and Yekutieli false discovery rate correction method OBI:0200050 dimensionality reduction A dimensionality reduction is data partitioning which transforms each input m-dimensional vector (x_1, x_2, ..., x_m) into an output n-dimensional vector (y_1, y_2, ..., y_n), where n is smaller than m. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra data projection PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot dimensionality reduction OBI:0200051 principal components analysis dimensionality reduction A principal components analysis dimensionality reduction is a dimensionality reduction achieved by applying principal components analysis and by keeping low-order principal components and excluding higher-order ones. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Philippe Rocca-Serra pca data reduction PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot principal components analysis dimensionality reduction OBI:0200066 Holm-Bonferroni family-wise error rate correction method t-tests were used with the type I error adjusted for multiple comparisons, Holm's correction (HOLM 1979), and false discovery rate, http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/172/2/1179 a data transformation that performs more than one hypothesis test simultaneously, a closed-test procedure, that controls the familywise error rate for all the k hypotheses at level α in the strong sense. Objective: multiple testing correction 2011-03-14: [PRS]. Class Label has been changed to address the conflict with the definition Also added restriction to specify the output to be a FWER adjusted p-value The 'editor preferred term' should be removed Person:Helen Parkinson Philippe Rocca-Serra WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holm%E2%80%93Bonferroni_method Bonferroni adjustment method Holm-Bonferroni family-wise error rate correction method OBI:0200073 family wise error rate correction method A family wise error rate correction method is a multiple testing procedure that controls the probability of at least one false positive. 2011-03-31: [PRS]. creating a defined class by specifying the necessary output of dt allows correct classification of FWER dt Monnie McGee Philippe Rocca-Serra FWER correction Dudoit, Sandrine and van der Laan, Mark J. (2008) Multiple Testing Procedures with Applications to Genomics. New York: Springer , p. 19 family wise error rate correction method OBI:0200078 descriptive statistical calculation objective A descriptive statistical calculation objective is a data transformation objective which concerns any calculation intended to describe a feature of a data set, for example, its center or its variability. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Monnie McGee PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Monnie McGee descriptive statistical calculation objective OBI:0200083 survival analysis objective Kaplan meier data transformation A data transformation objective which has the data transformation aims to model time to event data (where events are e.g. death and or disease recurrence); the purpose of survival analysis is to model the underlying distribution of event times and to assess the dependence of the event time on other explanatory variables PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Tina Boussard survival analysis http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survival_analysis survival analysis objective OBI:0200089 multiple testing correction method A multiple testing correction method is a hypothesis test performed simultaneously on M > 1 hypotheses. Multiple testing procedures produce a set of rejected hypotheses that is an estimate for the set of false null hypotheses while controlling for a suitably define Type I error rate Monnie McGee multiple testing procedure PAPER: Dudoit, Sandrine and van der Laan, Mark J. (2008) Multiple Testing Procedures with Applications to Genomics. New York: Springer , p. 9-10. multiple testing correction method OBI:0200094 logarithmic transformation A logarithmic transformation is a data transformation consisting in the application of the logarithm function with a given base a (where a>0 and a is not equal to 1) to a (one dimensional) positive real number input. The logarithm function with base a can be defined as the inverse of the exponential function with the same base. See e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm. Elisabetta Manduchi WEB: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm logarithmic transformation OBI:0200102 regression analysis method Regression analysis is a descriptive statistics technique that examines the relation of a dependent variable (response variable) to specified independent variables (explanatory variables). Regression analysis can be used as a descriptive method of data analysis (such as curve fitting) without relying on any assumptions about underlying processes generating the data. Date:2013-11-15 Person: AGB,PRS Adding restrictions, specifying model + parameter estimation process change of label from 'regression analysis method' to 'regression analysis' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra Tina Hernandez-Boussard BOOK: Richard A. Berk, Regression Analysis: A Constructive Critique, Sage Publications (2004) 978-0761929048 regression analysis regression analysis method OBI:0200104 principal component regression The Principal Component Regression method is a regression analysis method that combines the Principal Component Analysis (PCA)spectral decomposition with an Inverse Least Squares (ILS) regression method to create a quantitative model for complex samples. Unlike quantitation methods based directly on Beer's Law which attempt to calculate the absorbtivity coefficients for the constituents of interest from a direct regression of the constituent concentrations onto the spectroscopic responses, the PCR method regresses the concentrations on the PCA scores. Tina Hernandez-Boussard WEB: : http://www.thermo.com/com/cda/resources/resources_detail/1,2166,13414,00.html principal component regression OBI:0200111 data visualization Generation of a heatmap from a microarray dataset An planned process that creates images, diagrams or animations from the input data. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone Melanie Courtot Tina Boussard data encoding as image visualization PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot PERSON: Tina Boussard Possible future hierarchy might include this: information_encoding >data_encoding >>image_encoding data visualization OBI:0200117 mode calculation A mode calculation is a descriptive statistics calculation in which the mode is calculated which is the most common value in a data set. It is most often used as a measure of center for discrete data. James Malone Monnie McGee PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee From Monnie's file comments - need to add center_calculation role but it doesn't exist yet - (editor note added by James Jan 2008) mode calculation OBI:0200119 median calculation A median calculation is a descriptive statistics calculation in which the midpoint of the data set (the 0.5 quantile) is calculated. First, the observations are sorted in increasing order. For an odd number of observations, the median is the middle value of the sorted data. For an even number of observations, the median is the average of the two middle values. James Malone Monnie McGee PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Monnie McGee From Monnie's file comments - need to add center_calculation role but it doesn't exist yet - (editor note added by James Jan 2008) median calculation OBI:0200154 agglomerative hierarchical clustering An agglomerative hierarchical clustering is a hierarchical clustering which starts with separate clusters and then successively combines these clusters until there is only one cluster remaining. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone bottom-up hierarchical clustering PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi agglomerative hierarchical clustering OBI:0200155 divisive hierarchical clustering A divisive hierarchical clustering is a hierarchical clustering which starts with a single cluster and then successively splits resulting clusters until only clusters of individual objects remain. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone top-down hierarchical clustering PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi divisive hierarchical clustering OBI:0200163 false discovery rate correction method The false discovery rate is a data transformation used in multiple hypothesis testing to correct for multiple comparisons. It controls the expected proportion of incorrectly rejected null hypotheses (type I errors) in a list of rejected hypotheses. It is a less conservative comparison procedure with greater power than familywise error rate (FWER) control, at a cost of increasing the likelihood of obtaining type I errors. . 2011-03-31: [PRS]. creating a defined class by specifying the necessary output of dt allows correct classification of FDR dt Monnie McGee Philippe Rocca-Serra FDR correction method Dudoit, Sandrine and van der Laan, Mark J. (2008) Multiple Testing Procedures with Applications to Genomics. New York: Springer , p. 21 and http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/False_discovery_rate false discovery rate correction method OBI:0200166 data transformation objective normalize objective An objective specification to transformation input data into output data Modified definition in 2013 Philly OBI workshop James Malone PERSON: James Malone data transformation objective OBI:0200167 data normalization objective Quantile transformation which has normalization objective can be used for expression microarray assay normalization and it is referred to as "quantile normalization", according to the procedure described e.g. in PMID 12538238. A normalization objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to remove systematic sources of variation to put the data on equal footing in order to create a common base for comparisons. Elisabetta Manduchi Helen Parkinson James Malone PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: Helen Parkinson PERSON: James Malone data normalization objective OBI:0200168 correction objective Type I error correction A correction objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to correct for error, noise or other impairments to the input of the data transformation or derived from the data transformation itself James Malone PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Melanie Courtot correction objective OBI:0200169 normalization data transformation A normalization data transformation is a data transformation that has objective normalization. James Malone PERSON: James Malone normalization data transformation OBI:0200170 averaging data transformation An averaging data transformation is a data transformation that has objective averaging. James Malone PERSON: James Malone averaging data transformation OBI:0200171 partitioning data transformation A partitioning data transformation is a data transformation that has objective partitioning. James Malone PERSON: James Malone partitioning data transformation OBI:0200172 partitioning objective A k-means clustering which has partitioning objective is a data transformation in which the input data is partitioned into k output sets. A partitioning objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to generate a collection of disjoint non-empty subsets whose union equals a non-empty input set. Elisabetta Manduchi James Malone PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi partitioning objective OBI:0200175 class discovery data transformation A class discovery data transformation (sometimes called unsupervised classification) is a data transformation that has objective class discovery. James Malone clustering data transformation unsupervised classification data transformation PERSON: James Malone class discovery data transformation OBI:0200177 center calculation objective A mean calculation which has center calculation objective is a data transformation in which the center of the input data is discovered through the calculation of a mean average. A center calculation objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to calculate the center of an input data set. James Malone PERSON: James Malone center calculation objective OBI:0200178 class discovery objective A class discovery objective (sometimes called unsupervised classification) is a data transformation objective where the aim is to organize input data (typically vectors of attributes) into classes, where the number of classes and their specifications are not known a priori. Depending on usage, the class assignment can be definite or probabilistic. James Malone clustering objective discriminant analysis objective unsupervised classification objective PERSON: Elisabetta Manduchi PERSON: James Malone class discovery objective OBI:0200181 center calculation data transformation A center calculation data transformation is a data transformation that has objective of center calculation. James Malone PERSON: James Malone center calculation data transformation OBI:0200184 descriptive statistical calculation data transformation A descriptive statistical calculation data transformation is a data transformation that has objective descriptive statistical calculation and which concerns any calculation intended to describe a feature of a data set, for example, its center or its variability. James Malone PERSON: James Malone descriptive statistical calculation data transformation OBI:0200186 error correction objective Application of a multiple testing correction method An error correction objective is a data transformation objective where the aim is to remove (correct for) erroneous contributions arising from the input data, or the transformation itself. James Malone, Helen Parkinson PERSON: James Malone error correction objective OBI:0200191 gene list visualization Adata visualization which has input of a gene list and produces an output of a report graph which is capable of rendering data of this type. James Malone gene list visualization OBI:0200194 survival analysis data transformation A data transformation which has the objective of performing survival analysis. James Malone PERSON: James Malone survival analysis data transformation OBI:0200200 chi square test The chi-square test is a data transformation with the objective of statistical hypothesis testing, in which the sampling distribution of the test statistic is a chi-square distribution when the null hypothesis is true, or any in which this is asymptotically true, meaning that the sampling distribution (if the null hypothesis is true) can be made to approximate a chi-square distribution as closely as desired by making the sample size large enough. negociation with OBI hence definition and definition source are missing from this class PERSON: James Malone PERSON: Tina Boussard chi square test 1 1 true true 2 1 OBI:0200201 ANOVA ANOVA or analysis of variance is a data transformation in which a statistical test of whether the means of several groups are all equal. AGB and PRS augmented the class with formal definitions as part of STATO extension Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran James Malone Philippe Rocca-Serra Analysis of Variance stat.anova() ANOVA OBI:0300311 observation design PMID: 12387964.Lancet. 2002 Oct 12;360(9340):1144-9.Deficiency of antibacterial peptides in patients with morbus Kostmann: an observation study. observation design is a study design in which subjects are monitored in the absence of any active intervention by experimentalists. Philippe Rocca-Serra OBI branch derived observation design OBI:0302884 extraction nucleic acid extraction using phenol chloroform A material separation in which a desired component of an input material is separated from the remainder Current the output of material processing defined as the molecular entity, main component in the output material entity, rather than the material entity that have grain molecular entity. 'nucleic acid extract' is the output of 'nucleic acid extraction' and has grain 'nucleic acid'. However, the output of 'nucleic acid extraction' is 'nucleic acid' rather than 'nucleic acid extract'. We are aware of this issue and will work it out in the future. Person:Bjoern Peters Philippe Rocca-Serra extraction OBI:0302900 group randomization PMID: 18349405. Randomization reveals unexpected acute leukemias in Southwest Oncology Group prostate cancer trial. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Mar 20;26(9):1532-6. A group assignment which relies on chance to assign materials to a group of materials in order to avoid bias in experimental set up. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randomization] group randomization OBI:0302903 nucleic acid hybridization PMID: 18555787.Quantitative analysis of DNA hybridization in a flowthrough microarray for molecular testing. Anal Biochem. 2008 May 27. a planned process by which totally or partially complementary, single-stranded nucleic acids are combined into a single molecule called heteroduplex or homoduplex to an extent depending on the amount of complementarity. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_hybridization] hybridization assay nucleic acid hybridization OBI:0400043 flow cell Biofilm Flow Cell Aparatus in the fluidic subsystem where the sheath and sample meet. Can be one of several types; jet-in-air, quartz cuvette, or a hybrid of the two. The sample flows through the center of a fluid column of sheath fluid in the flow cell. Person:John Quinn flow_cell http://www.flocyte.com/FRTP/Resources/flow_cytometry_glossary.htm flow cell OBI:0400044 flow cytometer FACS Calibur A flow_cytometer is an instrument for counting, examining and sorting microscopic particles in suspension. It allows simultaneous multiparametric analysis of the physical and/or chemical characteristics of single cells flowing through an optical and/or electronic detection apparatus. A flow cytometer is an instrument that can be used to quantitatively measure the properties of individual cells in a flowing medium. John Quinn http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_cytometer flow cytometer OBI:0400065 light source A light source is an optical subsystem that provides light for use in a distant area using a delivery system (e.g., fiber optics). Light sources may include one of a variety of lamps (e.g., xenon, halogen, mercury). Most light sources are operated from line power, but some may be powered from batteries. They are mostly used in endoscopic, microscopic, and other examination and/or in surgical procedures. The light source is part of the optical subsystem. In a flow cytometer the light source directs high intensity light at particles at the interrogation point. The light source in a flow cytometer is usually a laser. Elizabeth M. Goralczyk John Quinn Olga Tchuvatkina Practical Flow Cytometry 4th Edition, Howard Shapiro, ISBN-10: 0471411256, ISBN-13: 978-0471411253 light source OBI:0400078 obscuration bar obscuration bar in a flow cytometer An obscuration bar is a an optical subsystem which is a strip of metal or other material that serves to block out direct light from the illuminating beam. The obscuration bar prevents the bright light scattered in the forward directions from burning out the collection device. Daniel Schober Flow Cytometry: First Principles, by Alice Longobardi Givan, ISBN-10: 0471382248, ISBN-13: 978-0471382249 John Quinn obscuration bar OBI:0400079 optical filter 720 LP filter, 580/30 BP filter An optical filter is an optical subsystem that selectively transmits light having certain properties (often, a particular range of wavelengths, that is, range of colours of light), while blocking the remainder. They are commonly used in photography, in many optical instruments, and to colour stage lighting Optical filters can be arranged to segregate and collect light by wave length. John Quinn http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_filter optical filter OBI:0400082 photodetector A photomultiplier tube, a photo diode A photodetector is a device used to detect and measure the intensity of radiant energy through photoelectric action. In a cytometer, photodetectors measure either the number of photons of laser light scattered on impact with a cell (for example), or the flourescence emitted by excitation of a fluorescent dye. John Quinn http://einstein.stanford.edu/content/glossary/glossary.html photodetector OBI:0400103 DNA sequencer ABI 377 DNA Sequencer, ABI 310 DNA Sequencer A DNA sequencer is an instrument that determines the order of deoxynucleotides in deoxyribonucleic acid sequences. Trish Whetzel MO DNA sequencer OBI:0400110 hybridization chamber Glass Array Hybridization Cassette A device which is used to maintain constant contact of a liquid on an array. This can be either a glass vial or slide. Trish Whetzel MO_563 hybridization_chamber hybridization chamber OBI:0400137 cytometer A cytometer is an instrument for counting and measuring cells. Melanie Courtot http://medical.merriam-webster.com/medical/cytometer cytometer OBI:0400147 microarray An affymetrix U133 array is a microarray. Microarrays include 1 and 2-color arrays, custom and commercial arrays (e.g, Affymetrix, Agilent, Nimblegen, Illumina, etc.) for expression profiling, DNA variant detection, protein binding, and other genomic and functional genomic assays. A processed material that is made to be used in an analyte assay. It consists of a physical immobilisation matrix in which substances that bind the analyte are placed in regular spatial position. Daniel Schober PERSON: Chris Stoeckert microarray OBI:0400148 DNA microarray Moran G, Stokes C, Thewes S, Hube B, Coleman DC, Sullivan D (2004). "Comparative genomics using Candida albicans DNA microarrays reveals absence and divergence of virulence-associated genes in Candida dubliniensis". Microbiology 150: 3363-3382. doi:10.1099/mic.0.27221-0. PMID 15470115 A DNA-microarray is a microarray that is used as a physical 2D immobilisation matrix for DNA sequences. DNA microarray-bound DNA fragments are used as targets for a hybridising probed sample. PERSON: Daniel Schober PERSON: Frank Gibson DNA Chip DNA-array Web:<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray>@2008/03/03 DNA microarray OBI:0400153 droplet sorter A droplet sorter is part_of a flow cytometer sorter that converts the carrier fluid stream into individual droplets, and these droplets are directed into separate locations for recovery (enriching the original sample for particles of interest based on qualities determined by gating) or disposal. OBI Instrument branch OBI Instrument branch droplet sorter OBI:0500000 study design a matched pairs study design describes criteria by which subjects are identified as pairs which then undergo the same protocols, and the data generated is analyzed by comparing the differences between the paired subjects, which constitute the results of the executed study design. A plan specification comprised of protocols (which may specify how and what kinds of data will be gathered) that are executed as part of an investigation and is realized during a study design execution. Editor note: there is at least an implicit restriction on the kind of data transformations that can be done based on the measured data available. PERSON: Chris Stoeckert experimental design rediscussed at length (MC/JF/BP). 12/9/08). The definition was clarified to differentiate it from protocol. study design This statement can actually be inferred from 'plan specification', because 'independent variable specification' is a subclass of 'is part of' some 'plan specification' OBI:0500002 repeated measure design PMID: 10959922.J Biopharm Stat. 2000 Aug;10(3):433-45.Equivalence in test assay method comparisons for the repeated-measure, matched-pair design in medical device studies: statistical considerations. a study design which use the same individuals and exposure them to a set of conditions. The effect of order and practice can be confounding factor in such designs PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch http://www.holah.karoo.net/experimentaldesigns.htm repeated measure design OBI:0500003 cross over design PMID: 17601993-Objective: HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy (HIV-lipodystrophy) are insulin resistant and have elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations. We aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying FFA-induced insulin resistance in patients with HIV-lipodystrophy. Research Design and Methods: Using a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over design, we studied the effects of an overnight acipimox-induced suppression of FFA on glucose and FFA metabolism by using stable isotope labelled tracer techniques during basal conditions and a two-stage euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic clamp (20 mU insulin/m(2)/min; 50 mU insulin/m(2)/min) in nine patients with nondiabetic HIV-lipodystrophy. All patients received antiretroviral therapy. Biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were obtained during each stage of the clamp. Results: Acipimox treatment reduced basal FFA rate of appearance by 68.9% (52.6%-79.5%) and decreased plasma FFA concentration by 51.6 % (42.0%-58.9%), (both, P < 0.0001). Endogenous glucose production was not influenced by acipimox. During the clamp the increase in glucose-uptake was significantly greater after acipimox treatment compared to placebo (acipimox: 26.85 (18.09-39.86) vs placebo: 20.30 (13.67-30.13) mumol/kg/min; P < 0.01). Insulin increased phosphorylation of Akt (Thr(308)) and GSK-3beta (Ser(9)), decreased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase (GS) site 3a+b and increased GS-activity (I-form) in skeletal muscle (P < 0.01). Acipimox decreased phosphorylation of GS (site 3a+b) (P < 0.02) and increased GS-activity (P < 0.01) in muscle. Conclusion: The present study provides direct evidence that suppression of lipolysis in patients with HIV-lipodystrophy improves insulin-stimulated peripheral glucose-uptake. The increased glucose-uptake may in part be explained by increased dephosphorylation of GS (site 3a+b) resulting in increased GS activity. a repeated measure design which ensures that experimental units receive, in sequence, the treatment (or the control), and then, after a specified time interval (aka *wash-out periods*), switch to the control (or treatment). In this design, subjects (patients in human context) serve as their own controls, and randomization may be used to determine the ordering which a subject receives the treatment and control Philippe Rocca-Serra (source: http://www.sbu.se/Filer/Content0/publikationer/1/literaturesearching_1993/glossary.html) cross over design OBI:0500005 matched pairs design PMID: 17288613-BSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Physicians in Canadian emergency departments (EDs) annually treat 185,000 alert and stable trauma victims who are at risk for cervical spine (C-spine) injury. However, only 0.9% of these patients have suffered a cervical spine fracture. Current use of radiography is not efficient. The Canadian C-Spine Rule is designed to allow physicians to be more selective and accurate in ordering C-spine radiography, and to rapidly clear the C-spine without the need for radiography in many patients. The goal of this phase III study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an active strategy to implement the Canadian C-Spine Rule into physician practice. Specific objectives are to: 1) determine clinical impact, 2) determine sustainability, 3) evaluate performance, and 4) conduct an economic evaluation. METHODS: We propose a matched-pair cluster design study that compares outcomes during three consecutive 12-months before, after, and decay periods at six pairs of intervention and control sites. These 12 hospital ED sites will be stratified as teaching or community hospitals, matched according to baseline C-spine radiography ordering rates, and then allocated within each pair to either intervention or control groups. During the after period at the intervention sites, simple and inexpensive strategies will be employed to actively implement the Canadian C-Spine Rule. The following outcomes will be assessed: 1) measures of clinical impact, 2) performance of the Canadian C-Spine Rule, and 3) economic measures. During the 12-month decay period, implementation strategies will continue, allowing us to evaluate the sustainability of the effect. We estimate a sample size of 4,800 patients in each period in order to have adequate power to evaluate the main outcomes. DISCUSSION: Phase I successfully derived the Canadian C-Spine Rule and phase II confirmed the accuracy and safety of the rule, hence, the potential for physicians to improve care. What remains unknown is the actual change in clinical behaviors that can be affected by implementation of the Canadian C-Spine Rule, and whether implementation can be achieved with simple and inexpensive measures. We believe that the Canadian C-Spine Rule has the potential to significantly reduce health care costs and improve the efficiency of patient flow in busy Canadian EDs. A matched pair design is a study design which use groups of individuals associated (hence matched) to each other based on a set of criteria, one member going to one treatment, the other member receiving the other treatment. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.holah.karoo.net/experimentaldesigns.htm matched pairs design OBI:0500006 parallel group design PMID: 17408389-Purpose: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most important reason for blindness following retinal detachment. Presently, vitreous tamponades such as gas or silicone oil cannot contact the lower part of the retina. A heavier-than-water tamponade displaces the inflammatory and PVR-stimulating environment from the inferior area of the retina. The Heavy Silicone Oil versus Standard Silicone Oil Study (HSO Study) is designed to answer the question of whether a heavier-than-water tamponade improves the prognosis of eyes with PVR of the lower retina. Methods: The HSO Study is a multicentre, randomized, prospective controlled clinical trial comparing two endotamponades within a two-arm parallel group design. Patients with inferiorly and posteriorly located PVR are randomized to either heavy silicone oil or standard silicone oil as a tamponading agent. Three hundred and fifty consecutive patients are recruited per group. After intraoperative re-attachment, patients are randomized to either standard silicone oil (1000 cSt or 5000 cSt) or Densiron((R)) as a tamponading agent. The main endpoint criteria are complete retinal attachment at 12 months and change of visual acuity (VA) 12 months postoperatively compared with the preoperative VA. Secondary endpoints include complete retinal attachment before endotamponade removal, quality of life analysis and the number of retina affecting re-operation within 1 year of follow-up. Results: The design and early recruitment phase of the study are described. Conclusions: The results of this study will uncover whether or not heavy silicone oil improves the prognosis of eyes with PVR. A parallel group design or independent measure design is a study design which uses unique experimental unit each experimental group, in other word no two individuals are shared between experimental groups, hence also known as parallel group design. Subjects of a treatment group receive a unique combination of independent variable values making up a treatment Philippe Rocca-Serra independent measure design http://www.holah.karoo.net/experimentaldesigns.htm parallel group design OBI:0500007 randomized complete block design http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/anova.html,(A researcher is carrying out a study of the effectiveness of four different skin creams for the treatment of a certain skin disease. He has eighty subjects and plans to divide them into 4 treatment groups of twenty subjects each. Using a randomised blocks& design, the subjects are assessed and put in blocks of four according to how severe their skin condition is; the four most severe cases are the first block, the next four most severe cases are the second block, and so on to the twentieth block. The four &members of each block are then randomly assigned, one to each of the four treatment groups. http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/anova.html#rbd)) A randomized complete block design is_a study design which assigns randomly treatments to block. The number of units per block equals the number of treatment so each block receives each treatment exactly once (hence the qualifier 'complete'). The design was originally devised from field trials used in agronomy and agriculture. The analysis assumes that there is no interaction between block and treatment. The method was then used in other settings So The randomised complete block design is a design in which the subjects are matched according to a variable which the experimenter wishes to control. The subjects are put into groups (blocks) of the same size as the number of treatments. The members of each block are then randomly assigned to different treatment groups. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/ranblock.htm randomized complete block design 2 OBI:0500011 latin square design PMID: 17582121-Our objective was to examine the effects of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) with different concentrations of dietary crude protein (CP) on performance and acid-base status in early lactation cows. Six lactating Holstein cows averaging 44 d in milk were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments: DCAD of -3, 22, or 47 milliequivalents (Na + K - Cl - S)/100 g of dry matter (DM), and 16 or 19% CP on a DM basis. Linear increases with DCAD occurred in DM intake, milk fat percentage, 4% fat-corrected milk production, milk true protein, milk lactose, and milk solids-not-fat. Milk production itself was unaffected by DCAD. Jugular venous blood pH, base excess and HCO3(-) concentration, and urine pH increased, but jugular venous blood Cl- concentration, urine titratable acidity, and net acid excretion decreased linearly with increasing DCAD. An elevated ratio of coccygeal venous plasma essential AA to nonessential AA with increasing DCAD indicated that N metabolism in the rumen was affected, probably resulting in more microbial protein flowing to the small intestine. Cows fed 16% CP had lower urea N in milk than cows fed 19% CP; the same was true for urea N in coccygeal venous plasma and urine. Dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition, and acid-base status did not differ between the 16 and 19% CP treatments. It was concluded that DCAD affected DM intake and performance of dairy cows in early lactation. Feeding 16% dietary CP to cows in early lactation, compared with 19% CP, maintained lactation performance while reducing urea N excretion in milk and urine. Latin square design is_a study design which allows in its simpler form controlling 2 levels of nuisance variables (also known as blocking variables).he 2 nuisance factors are divided into a tabular grid with the property that each row and each column receive each treatment exactly once. Philippe Rocca-Serra Adapted from: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri3321.htm and latin square design 3 OBI:0500012 graeco latin square design PMID: 6846242-Beaton et al (Am J Clin Nutr 1979;32:2546-59) reported on the partitioning of variance in 1-day dietary data for the intake of energy, protein, total carbohydrate, total fat, classes of fatty acids, cholesterol, and alcohol. Using the same food intake data and the expanded National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute food composition data base, these analyses of sources of variance have been expanded to include classes of carbohydrate, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, calcium, iron, total ash, caffeine, and crude fiber. The analyses relate to observed intakes (replicated six times) of 30 adult males and 30 adult females obtained under a paired Graeco-Latin square design with sequence of interview, interviewer, and day of the week as determinants. Neither sequence nor interviewer made consistent contribution to variance. In females, day of the week had a significant effect for several nutrients. The major partitioning of variance was between interindividual variation (between subjects) and intraindividual variation (within subjects) which included both true day-to-day variation in intake and methodological variation. For all except caffeine, the intraindividual variability of 1-day data was larger than the interindividual variability. For vitamin A, almost all of the variance was associated with day-to-day variability. One day data provide a very inadequate estimate of usual intake of individuals. In the design of nutrition studies it is critical that the intended use of dietary data be a major consideration in deciding on methodology. There is no ideal dietary method. There may be preferred methods for particular purposes. Greco-Latin square design is a study design which relates to Latin square design Philippe Rocca-Serra Adapted from: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri3321.htm and only 2 articles in pubmed ->probably irrelevant Euler square design orthogonal latin squares design graeco latin square design 4 OBI:0500013 hyper graeco latin square design PRS to do Philippe Rocca-Serra Adapted from: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri3321.htm and no example found in pubmed->not in use in the community hyper graeco latin square design 1 2 OBI:0500014 factorial design PMID: 17582121-Our objective was to examine the effects of dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) with different concentrations of dietary crude protein (CP) on performance and acid-base status in early lactation cows. Six lactating Holstein cows averaging 44 d in milk were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design with a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement of treatments: DCAD of -3, 22, or 47 milliequivalents (Na + K - Cl - S)/100 g of dry matter (DM), and 16 or 19% CP on a DM basis. Linear increases with DCAD occurred in DM intake, milk fat percentage, 4% fat-corrected milk production, milk true protein, milk lactose, and milk solids-not-fat. Milk production itself was unaffected by DCAD. Jugular venous blood pH, base excess and HCO3(-) concentration, and urine pH increased, but jugular venous blood Cl- concentration, urine titratable acidity, and net acid excretion decreased linearly with increasing DCAD. An elevated ratio of coccygeal venous plasma essential AA to nonessential AA with increasing DCAD indicated that N metabolism in the rumen was affected, probably resulting in more microbial protein flowing to the small intestine. Cows fed 16% CP had lower urea N in milk than cows fed 19% CP; the same was true for urea N in coccygeal venous plasma and urine. Dry matter intake, milk production, milk composition, and acid-base status did not differ between the 16 and 19% CP treatments. It was concluded that DCAD affected DM intake and performance of dairy cows in early lactation. Feeding 16% dietary CP to cows in early lactation, compared with 19% CP, maintained lactation performance while reducing urea N excretion in milk and urine. factorial design is_a study design which is used to evaluate two or more factors simultaneously. The treatments are combinations of levels of the factors. The advantages of factorial designs over one-factor-at-a-time experiments is that they are more efficient and they allow interactions to be detected. In statistics, a factorial design experiment is an experiment whose design consists of two or more factors, each with discrete possible values or levels, and whose experimental units take on all possible combinations of these levels across all such factors. Such an experiment allows studying the effect of each factor on the response variable, as well as the effects of interactions between factors on the response variable. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/steps/glossary/anova.html#facdes And from wikipedia (01/03/2007): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorial_experiment) factorial design 2 OBI:0500015 2x2 factorial design PMID: 17561240-The present experiment evaluates the effects of intermittent exposure to a social stimulus on ethanol and water drinking in rats. Four groups of rats were arranged in a 2x2 factorial design with 2 levels of Social procedure (Intermittent Social vs Continuous Social) and 2 levels of sipper Liquid (Ethanol vs Water). Intermittent Social groups received 35 trials per session. Each trial consisted of the insertion of the sipper tube for 10 s followed by lifting of the guillotine door for 15 s. The guillotine door separated the experimental rat from the conspecific rat in the wire mesh cage during the 60 s inter-trial interval. The Continuous Social groups received similar procedures except that the guillotine door was raised during the entire duration of the session. For the Ethanol groups, the concentrations of ethanol in the sipper [3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16% (vol/vol)] increased across sessions, while the Water groups received 0% ethanol (water) in the sipper throughout the experiment. Both Social procedures induced more intake of ethanol than water. The Intermittent Social procedure induced more ethanol intake at the two highest ethanol concentration blocks (10-12% and 14-16%) than the Continuous Social procedure, but this effect was not observed with water. Effects of social stimulation on ethanol drinking are discussed. a factorial design which has 2 experimental factors (aka independent variables) and 2 factor levels per experimental factors Philippe Rocca-Serra PMID: 17561240 2x2 factorial design OBI:0500016 fractional factorial design A fractional factorial design is_a study design in which only an adequately chosen fraction of the treatment combinations required for the complete factorial experiment is selected to be run Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri334.htm From ASQC (1983) Glossary & Tables for Statistical Quality Control fractional factorial design OBI:0500017 dye swap design PMID: 17411393-Dye-specific bias effects, commonly observed in the two-color microarray platform, are normally corrected using the dye swap design. This design, however, is relatively expensive and labor-intensive. We propose a self-self hybridization design as an alternative to the dye swap design. In this design, the treated and control samples are labeled with Cy5 and Cy3 (or Cy3 and Cy5), respectively, without dye swap, along with a set of self-self hybridizations on the control sample. We compare this design with the dye swap design through investigation of mouse primary hepatocytes treated with three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) agonists at three dose levels. Using Agilent's Whole Mouse Genome microarray, differentially expressed genes (DEG) were determined for both the self-self hybridization and dye swap designs. The DEG concordance between the two designs was over 80% across each dose treatment and chemical. Furthermore, 90% of DEG-associated biological pathways were in common between the designs, indicating that biological interpretations would be consistent. The reduced labor and expense for the self-self hybridization design make it an efficient substitute for the dye swap design. For example, in larger toxicogenomic studies, only about half the chips are required for the self-self hybridization design compared to that needed in the dye swap design. An experiment design type where the label orientations are reversed. exact synonym: flip dye, dye flip Philippe Rocca-Serra on behalf of MO MO_858 dye swap design OBI:0500020 time series design PMID: 14744830-Microarrays are powerful tools for surveying the expression levels of many thousands of genes simultaneously. They belong to the new genomics technologies which have important applications in the biological, agricultural and pharmaceutical sciences. There are myriad sources of uncertainty in microarray experiments, and rigorous experimental design is essential for fully realizing the potential of these valuable resources. Two questions frequently asked by biologists on the brink of conducting cDNA or two-colour, spotted microarray experiments are 'Which mRNA samples should be competitively hybridized together on the same slide?' and 'How many times should each slide be replicated?' Early experience has shown that whilst the field of classical experimental design has much to offer this emerging multi-disciplinary area, new approaches which accommodate features specific to the microarray context are needed. In this paper, we propose optimal designs for factorial and time course experiments, which are special designs arising quite frequently in microarray experimentation. Our criterion for optimality is statistical efficiency based on a new notion of admissible designs; our approach enables efficient designs to be selected subject to the information available on the effects of most interest to biologists, the number of arrays available for the experiment, and other resource or practical constraints, including limitations on the amount of mRNA probe. We show that our designs are superior to both the popular reference designs, which are highly inefficient, and to designs incorporating all possible direct pairwise comparisons. Moreover, our proposed designs represent a substantial practical improvement over classical experimental designs which work in terms of standard interactions and main effects. The latter do not provide a basis for meaningful inference on the effects of most interest to biologists, nor make the most efficient use of valuable and limited resources. Groups of assays that are related as part of a time series. PRS-AGB adding formal restriction on independent variable specification about time (march 2013) and making time series design class a defined class. Philippe Rocca-Serra on behalf of MO MO_887 time series design OBI:0600005 collecting specimen from organism taking a sputum sample from a cancer patient, taking the spleen from a killed mouse, collecting a urine sample from a patient a process with the objective to obtain a material entity that was part of an organism for potential future use in an investigation PERSON:Bjoern Peters IEDB collecting specimen from organism OBI:0600014 material component separation Using a cell sorter to separate a mixture of T cells into two fractions; one with surface receptor CD8 and the other lacking the receptor, or purification a material processing in which components of an input material become segregated in space Bjoern Peters IEDB material component separation OBI:0600015 group assignment Assigning' to be treated with active ingredient role' to an organism during group assignment. The group is those organisms that have the same role in the context of an investigation group assignment is a process which has an organism as specified input and during which a role is assigned Philippe Rocca-Serra cohort assignment study assignment OBI Plan group assignment OBI:0600024 maintaining cell culture When harvesting blood from a human, isolating T cells, and then limited dilution cloning of the cells, the maintaining_cell_culture step comprises all steps after the initial dilution and plating of the cells into culture, e.g. placing the culture into an incubator, changing or adding media, and splitting a cell culture a protocol application in which cells are kept alive in a defined environment outside of an organism. part of cell_culturing PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived maintaining cell culture OBI:0600036 'establishing cell culture' a process through which a new type of cell culture or cell line is created, either through the isolation and culture of one or more cells from a fresh source, or the deliberate experimental modification of an existing cell culture (e.g passaging a primary culture to become a secondary culture or line, or the immortalization or stable genetic modification of an existing culture or line). PERSON:Matthew Brush PERSON:Matthew Brush A 'cell culture' as used here referes to a new lineage of cells in culture deriving from a single biological source.. New cultures are established through the initial isolation and culturing of cells from an organismal source, or through changes in an existing cell culture or line that result in a new culture with unique characteristics. This can occur through the passaging/selection of a primary culture into a secondary culture or line, or experimental modifications of an existing cell culture or line such as an immortalization process or other stable genetic modification. This class covers establishment of cultures of either multicellular organism cells or unicellular organisms. establishing cell culture OBI:0600038 addition of molecular label The addition of phycoerytherin label to an anti-CD8 antibody, to label all antibodies. The addition of anti-CD8-PE to a population of cells, to label the subpopulation cells that are CD8+. a material processing technique intended to add a molecular label to some input material entity, to allow detection of the molecular target of this label in a detection of molecular label assay PERSON:Matthew Brush labeling OBI developer call, 3-12-12 addition of molecular label OBI:0600047 sequencing assay The use of the Sanger method of DNA sequencing to determine the order of the nucleotides in a DNA template the use of a chemical or biochemical means to infer the sequence of a biomaterial has_output should be sequence of input; we don't have sequence well defined yet PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived sequencing assay OBI:0600064 recombinant vector cloning a planned process with the objective to insert genetic material into a cloning vector for future replication of the inserted material pa_branch (Alan, Randi, Kevin, Jay, Bjoern) molecular cloning OBI branch derived recombinant vector cloning OBI:0666666 RNA extraction A RNA extraction is a nucleic acid extraction where the desired output material is RNA PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived requested by Helen Parkinson for MO RNA extraction OBI:0666667 nucleic acid extraction Phenol / chlorophorm extraction disolvation of protein content folllowed by ethanol precipitation of the nucleic acid fraction over night in the fridge followed by centrifugation to obtain a nucleic acid pellet. a material separation to recover the nucleic acid fraction of an input material PlanAndPlannedProcess Branch OBI branch derived requested by Helen Parkinson for MO. Could be defined class nucleic acid extraction OBI:1000029 phage display library PMID: 15905471.Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 May 19;33(9):e81.Oligonucleotide-assisted cleavage and ligation: a novel directional DNA cloning technology to capture cDNAs. Application in the construction of a human immune antibody phage-display library. [Phage display library encoding fragments of human antibodies. m-rna library encoding for 9-mer peptides] a phage display library is a collection of materials in which a mixture of genes or gene fragments is expressed and can be individually selected and amplified. PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra display library WEB: http://www.immuneepitope.org/home.do PRS: 22022008. class moved under population, modification of definition and replacement of biomaterials in previous definition with 'material' addition of has_role restriction phage display library OBI:1110108 material to be added A mixture of peptides that is being added into a cell culture. a material that is added to another one in a material combination process 10/26/09: This defined class is used as a 'macro expression' to reduce the size of the IEDB export 2010/02/24 Alan Ruttenberg: I think this might generate confusion as the common use of the term would consider something to be a specimen during the realization of the role, not only if it bears it. However having this class as a probe, or for display, or as a macro might be useful. Ideally we would mark or segregate such classes IEDB material to be added OBI:1110109 target of material addition A cell culture into which a mixture of peptides is being added. A material entity into which another is being added in a material combinatino process 10/26/09: This defined class is used as a 'macro' to reduce the size of the IEDB export. IEDB target of material addition OGMS:0000023 phenotype A (combination of) quality(ies) of an organism determined by the interaction of its genetic make-up and environment that differentiates specific instances of a species from other instances of the same species. phenotype Household A household consists of one or more people who live in the same dwelling and also share meals or living accommodation, and may consist of a single family or some other grouping of people. A single dwelling will be considered to contain multiple households if either meals or living space are not shared. The household is the basic unit of analysis in many social, microeconomic and government models, and is important to the fields of economics and inheritance. PATO:0000018 fluorescence A luminous flux quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's emitting longer wavelength light following the absorption of shorter wavelength radiation; fluorescence is common with aromatic compounds with several rings joined together. fluorescence PATO:0000125 mass A physical quality that inheres in a bearer by virtue of the proportion of the bearer's amount of matter. mass weight temperature time viscosity energy impulse momentum power pressure work acceleration force light quantity radiation quality duration angular acceleration area density linear density angular velocity catalytic activity medium acidity surface tension electric potential sound amplitude flow rate catalytic (activity) concentration molar volume molar mass magnetism 2-D extent 3-D extent radiation emitting intensity quality luminance activity (of a radionuclide) radiation exposure radiation absorbed dose radiation equivalent dose radiation effective dose heat conductivity electrical conductivity PR:000000001 protein antithrombin III is a protein An amino acid chain that is produced de novo by ribosome-mediated translation of a genetically-encoded mRNA. protein REO:0000171 molecular label role a reagent role inhering in a molecular entity intended to associate with some molecular target to serve as a proxy for the presence, abundance, or location of this target in a detection of molecular label assay. MHB (9-29-13): 'molecular label role' imported from the Reagent Ontology and replaced OBI:OBI_0000140 (label role) molecular tracer role OBI developer call, 3-12-12 molecular label role REO:0000280 molecular label a molecular reagent intended to associate with some molecular target to serve as a proxy for the presence, abundance, or location of this target in a detection of molecular label assay molecular tracer OBI developer call, 3-12-12 molecular label SO:0000001 region A sequence_feature with an extent greater than zero. A nucleotide region is composed of bases and a polypeptide region is composed of amino acids. primary structure of sequence macromolecule sequence region STATO:0000002 digital images may be stored as electronic file in TIFF format on mass memory storage devices an electronic file is an information content entity which conforms to a specification or format and which is meant to hold data and information in digital form, accessible to software agents Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO digital file STATO:0000003 a balanced design is a an experimental design where all experimental group have the an equal number of subject observations Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO balanced design 1 STATO:0000005 a single factor design is a study design which declares exactly 1 independent variable Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO single factor design STATO:0000006 x-axis is a cartesian coordinate axis which is orthogonal to the y-axis and the z-axis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO x-axis STATO:0000007 an axis is a line graph used as reference line for the measurement of coordinates. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/axis axis STATO:0000008 y-axis is a cartesian coordinate axis which is orthogonal to the x-axis and the z-axis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO y-axis STATO:0000009 A Cartesian coordinate system is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances from the point to two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartesian_coordinate_system cartesian coordinate system STATO:0000010 In geometry, a coordinate system is a system which uses one or more numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element on a manifold such as Euclidean space. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordinate_system coordinate system STATO:0000011 a cartesian axis is one of 3 the axis in a cartesian coordinate system defining a referential in 3 dimensions. each of the axis is orthogonal to the other 2 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra rectangular coordinate axis adapted from Wolfram Alpha: https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=cartesian+coordinates&lk=4&num=6&lk=4&num=6 cartesian coordinate axis STATO:0000012 z-axis is a cartesian coordinate axis which is orthogonal to the x-axis and the y-axis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO z-axis STATO:0000013 a 2 dimensional cartesian coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system which defines 2 orthogonal one dimensional axes and which may be used to describe a 2 dimensional spatial region. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra two dimensional cartesian coordinate system STATO:0000014 In mathematics, a spherical coordinate system is a coordinate system for three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance of that point from a fixed origin, its polar angle measured from a fixed zenith direction, and the azimuth angle of its orthogonal projection on a reference plane that passes through the origin and is orthogonal to the zenith, measured from a fixed reference direction on that plane. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_coordinate_system spherical coordinate system STATO:0000015 A cylindrical coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a chosen reference axis, the direction from the axis relative to a chosen reference direction, and the distance from a chosen reference plane perpendicular to the axis. The latter distance is given as a positive or negative number depending on which side of the reference plane faces the point. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylindrical_coordinate_system cylindrical coordinate system STATO:0000016 In mathematics, the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_coordinate_system polar coordinate system STATO:0000017 Wilks' lambda distribution (named for Samuel S. Wilks), is a probability distribution used in multivariate hypothesis testing, especially with regard to the likelihood-ratio test and Multivariate analysis of variance. It is a multivariate generalization of the univariate F-distribution, and generalizes the F-distribution in the same way that the Hotelling's T-squared distribution generalizes Student's t-distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra wikipedia: last accessed: 2013-09-11 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilks%27_lambda_distribution Wilk's lambda distribution STATO:0000018 A cartesian spatial coordinate datum chosen as a fixed point of reference in a three dimensional spatial region. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra three dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate origin STATO:0000019 normal distribution hypothesis is a goodness of fit hypothesis stating that the distribution computed from the sample population fits a normal distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO normal distribution hypothesis STATO:0000020 A cartesian spatial coordinate datum chosen as a fixed point of reference in a two dimensional spatial region. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra two dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate origin 90 STATO:0000021 a confidence interval which covers 90% of the sampling distribution, meaning that there is a 90% risk of false positive (type I error) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO 90% confidence interval STATO:0000022 A one dimensional cartesian coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system which defines a one dimensional axis and which may be used to describe a one dimensional spatial region, i.e. a straight line. It is defined by a point O, the origin, a unit of length and the orientation for the one dimensional space. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra one dimensional cartesian coordinate system STATO:0000023 http://www.stat.duke.edu/courses/Spring98/sta110c/qtable.html The studentized range (q) distribution is a probability distribution used by the Tukey Honestly Significant Difference test. The distribution of the statistic [x̄(k)- x̄(1)]/(s/√n) where random samples of size n have been taken from k independent and identically distributed normal populations, with x̄(1) and x̄(k) being, respectively, the smallest and largest of the k sample means, and s2 being the pooled estimate of the common variance. This statistic is particularly used in multiple comparison tests. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra q distribution A Dictionary of Statistics (2 rev ed.), OUP. ISBN-13: 9780199541454 http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001/acref-9780199541454-e-1588 http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Tukey.html studentized range distribution STATO:0000024 a three dimensional cartesian coordinate system is a cartesian coordinate system which defines 3 orthogonal one dimensional axes and which may be used to describe a 3 dimensional spatial region. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra three dimensional cartesian coordinate system STATO:0000025 A cartesian spatial coordinate datum chosen as a fixed point of reference in a one dimensional spatial region. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra one dimensional cartesian spatial coordinate origin STATO:0000026 A cartesian spatial coordinate datum chosen as a fixed point of reference in a spatial region. placeholder, more work needed Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra cartesian spatial coordinate origin STATO:0000027 linkage between 2 categorical variable test is a statistical test which evaluates if there is an association between a predictor variable assuming discrete values and a response variable also assuming discrete values Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra test of association STATO test of independence test of independence between variables test of association between categorical variables STATO:0000028 measure of variation or statistical dispersion is a data item which describes how much a theoritical distribution or dataset is spread. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO measure of dispersion measure of variation measure of variation STATO:0000029 a measure of central tendency is a data item which attempts to describe a set of data by identifying the value of its centre. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra measure of central tendency measure of central tendency STATO:0000030 Chi-squared statistic is a statistic computed from observations and used to produce a p-value in statistical test when compared to a Chi-Squared distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO Chi-Squared statistic STATO:0000031 binary classification (or binomial classification) is a data transformation which aims to cast members of a set into 2 disjoint groups depending on whether the element have a given property/feature or not. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_classifier last accessed: 2013-11-21 binomial classification binary classification STATO:0000033 The mode is a data item which corresponds to the most frequently occurring number in a set of numbers. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/47775_ch_3.pdf mode scipy.stats.mode(a, axis=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mode.html#scipy.stats.mode source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L586 mode STATO:0000034 a model parameter is a data item which is part of a model and which is meant to characterize an theoritecal or unknown population. a model parameter may be estimated by considering the properties of samples presumably taken from the theoritecal population Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO model parameter STATO:0000035 the range is a measure of variation which describes the difference between the lowest score and the highest score in a set of numbers (a data set) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/47775_ch_3.pdf range(..., na.rm = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/base/html/range.html range STATO:0000036 Outliers are deviant scores that have been legitimately gathered and are not due to equipment failures. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/47775_ch_3.pdf outlier STATO:0000037 http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/50623/r-calculating-mean-and-standard-error-of-mean-for-factors-with-lm-vs-direct The standard error of the mean (SEM) is data item denoting the standard deviation of the sample-mean's estimate of a population mean. It is calculated by dividing the sample standard deviation (i.e., the sample-based estimate of the standard deviation of the population) by the square root of n , the size (number of observations) of the sample. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra SEM adapted from wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_error) scipy.stats.sem(a, axis=0, ddof=1) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.sem.html#scipy.stats.sem source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L1928 standard error of the mean STATO:0000038 a set of 2 subjects which result from a pairing process which assigns subject to a set based on a pairing rule/criteria possibly submit to 'Population and Community Ontology' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO Matched Pair of Subjects matched pair of subjects A set of 2 subjects which result from a pairing process which assigns subject to a set based on a pairing rule/criteria STATO:0000039 a statistic is a measurement datum to describe a dataset or a variable. It is generated by a calculation on set of observed data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistic). statistic statistic STATO:0000040 an MA plot is a scatter plot of the log intensity ratios M = log_2(T/R) versus the average log intensities A = log_2(T*T)/2, where T and R represent the signal intensities in the test and reference channels respectively. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra M vs A plot http://www.stat.berkeley.edu/users/terry/zarray/Software/SMAcode/html/plot.mva.html MA plot plot.mva() MA plot 1 STATO:0000042 The Anderson–Darling test is a statistical test of whether a given sample of data is drawn from a given probability distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson_Darling_test ad.test(x) function, where x is a numeric vector scipy.stats.anderson(x, dist='norm') http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.anderson.html#scipy.stats.anderson source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/morestats.py#L1017 Anderson-Darling test true true 1 1 STATO:0000044 one-way anova is an analysis of variance where the different groups being compared are associated with the factor levels of only one independent variable. The null hypothesis is an absence of difference between the means calculated for each of the groups. The test assumes normality and equivariance of the data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra one factor ANOVA STATO http://statland.org/R/R/R1way.htm http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.f_oneway.html#scipy.stats.f_oneway one-way ANOVA true true 1 2 STATO:0000045 two-way anova is an analysis of variance where the different groups being compared are associated the factor levels of exatly 2 independent variables. The null hypothesis is an absence of difference between the means calculated for each of the groups. The test assumes normality and equivariance of the data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra two factor ANOVA STATO http://courses.statistics.com/software/R/Rtwoway.htm two-way ANOVA STATO:0000046 a block design is a kind of study design which declares a blocking variable (also known as nuisance variable) in order to account for a known source of variation and reduce its impact on the acquisition of the signal Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from several sources including Wikipedia block design 1 STATO:0000047 a count of 4 resulting from counting limbs in humans a count is a data item denoted by an integer and represented the number of instances or occurences of an entity Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO count true true 1 3 STATO:0000048 Multi-way anova is an analysis of variance where the difference groups being compared are associated to the factor levels of more than 2 independent variables. The null hypothesis is an absence of difference between the means calculated for each of the groups. The test assumes normality and equivariance of the data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO multiway ANOVA STATO:0000049 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2581961/ Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium hypothesis is a good of fit hypothesis which states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences (non-random mating, mutation, selection, genetic drift, gene flow and meiotic drive). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy–Weinberg_principle) Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium hypothesis STATO:0000050 signal to noise ratio is a measurement datum comparing the amount of meaningful, useful or interesting data (the signal) to the amount of irrelevant or false data (the noise). Depending on the field and domain of application, different variables will be used to determinate a 'signal to noise ratio'. In statistics, the definition of signal to noise ratio is the ratio of the mean of a measurement to its standard deviation. It thus corresponds to the inverse of the coefficient of variation Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signal-to-noise_ratio#Alternative_definition last accessed: 2013-10-18 S/N SNR http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.signaltonoise.html#scipy.stats.signaltonoise signal to noise ratio STATO:0000051 Poisson distribution is a probability distribution used to model the number of events occurring within a given time interval. It is defined by a real number (λ) and an integer k representing the number of events and a function. The expected value of a Poisson-distributed random variable is equal to λ and so is its variance. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra dpois(x, lambda, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Poisson.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.poisson.html#scipy.stats.poisson NIST: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda366j.htm Poisson distribution true STATO:0000052 Z-test is a statistical test which evaluate the null hypothesis that the means of 2 populations are equal and returns a p-value. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://reference.wolfram.com/mathematica/ref/ZTest.html simple.z.test(x, sigma, conf.level=0.95) http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/UsingR/docs/simple.z.test Z-test STATO:0000053 a false positive rate is a data item which accounts for the proportion of incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra PRS,AGB adapted from wikipedia and wolfram alpha significance level type I error rate α false positive rate STATO:0000054 homoskedasticity states that all variances under consideration are homogenous. definition edited according to the discussion documented in: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/39 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra equality of variance STATO homoskedasticity hypothesis STATO:0000055 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/model/ chrX:35,000,000-36,000,000. chromosome coordinate system is a genomic coordinate which uses chromosome of a particular assembly build process to define start and end positions. This coordinate system is unstable and will change with each new genome sequence assembly build. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra chromosome coordinate system STATO:0000056 a null hypothesis which states that no linkage exists between 2 categorical variables Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO no relationship between the variables variables are independent absence of association hypothesis STATO:0000057 A null hypothesis is a statistical hypothesis that is tested for possible rejection under the assumption that it is true (usually that observations are the result of chance). The concept was introduced by R. A. Fisher. The hypothesis contrary to the null hypothesis, usually that the observations are the result of a real effect, is known as the alternative hypothesis.[wolfram alpha] Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NullHypothesis.html null hypothesis STATO:0000058 goodness of fit hypothesis is a null hypothesis stating that the distribution computed from the sample population fits a theoretical distribution or that a dataset can be correctly explained by a model Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO goodness of fit hypothesis 0 STATO:0000059 the Student's t distribution is a continuous probability distribution which arises when estimating the mean of a normally distributed population in situations where the sample size is small and population standard deviation is unknown. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student's_t-distribution) t distribution dt(x, df, ncp, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/TDist.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.t.html#scipy.stats.t Student's t distribution STATO:0000060 hypergeometric distribution is a probability distribution that describes the probability of k successes in n draws from a finite population of size N containing K successes without replacement Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergeometric_distribution dhyper(x, m, n, k, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Hypergeometric.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.hypergeom.html#scipy.stats.hypergeom hypergeometric distribution STATO:0000061 It is a null hypothesis stating that there are no differences observed between group of subjects. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO absence of between group difference hypothesis STATO:0000062 is a null hypothesis stating that there are no difference observed across a series of measurements made one same subject. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO absence of within subject difference hypothesis STATO:0000063 genomic coordinate datum is a data item which denotes a genomic position expressed using a genomic coordinate system Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO genomic coordinate datum STATO:0000064 http://left.subtree.org/2012/04/13/counting-the-number-of-reads-in-a-bam-file/ sequence read count is a data item determining how many sequence reads generated by a DNA sequencing assay for a given stretch of DNA can counted Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB-PRS, STATO sequence read count STATO:0000065 In statistics, a statement that can be tested.[wolfram alpha] Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Hypothesis.html hypothesis STATO:0000066 Cleveland dot plot is a dot plot which plots points that each belong to one of several categories. They are an alternative to bar charts or pie charts, and look somewhat like a horizontal bar chart where the bars are replaced by a dots at the values associated with each category. Compared to (vertical) bar charts and pie charts, Cleveland argues that dot plots allow more accurate interpretation of the graph by readers by making the labels easier to read, reducing non-data ink (or graph clutter) and supporting table look-up.which Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dot_plot_(statistics) and Cleveland, William S. (1993). Visualizing Data. Hobart Press. ISBN 0-9634884-0-6. hdl:2027/mdp.39015026891187. http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/graphics/html/dotchart.html dotchart(x, labels = NULL, groups = NULL, gdata = NULL, cex = par("cex"), pch = 21, gpch = 21, bg = par("bg"), color = par("fg"), gcolor = par("fg"), lcolor = "gray", xlim = range(x[is.finite(x)]), main = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, ...) Cleveland dot plot STATO:0000067 a continuousprobability distribution is a probability distribution which is defined by a probability density function Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution#Continuous_probability_distribution last accessed: 14/01/2014 continuous probability distribution STATO:0000068 Skewness is a data item indicating of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Skewness.html skewness(x, na.rm = FALSE, type = 3) http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/e1071/html/skewness.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.skew.html#scipy.stats.skew skewness STATO:0000069 The number degree of freedom is a count evaluating the number of values in a calculation that can vary. In statistics, the number of degrees of freedom ν is equal to N-1 in the case of the direct measurement of a quantity estimated by the arithmetic mean of N independent observations. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/16921/how-to-understand-degrees-of-freedom http://www.optique-ingenieur.org/en/courses/OPI_ang_M07_C01/co/Contenu_07.html the rank of the quadratic form (mathematical definition) number of degrees of freedom 2 STATO:0000070 Yate's corrected Chi-Squared test is a statistical test which is used to test the association/linkage/independence of 2 dichotomous variables while introducing a correction for using the continous Chi-squared distribution for the test. To reduce the error in approximation, Frank Yates, an English statistician, suggested a correction for continuity that adjusts the formula for Pearson's chi-squared test by subtracting 0.5 from the difference between each observed value and its expected value in a 2 × 2 contingency table. This reduces the chi-squared value obtained and thus increases its p-value. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yates's_correction_for_continuity) polled in June 2013 Yate's correction for continuity chisq.test(x, y = NULL, correct = TRUE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/chisq.test.html Yate's corrected Chi-Squared test STATO:0000071 reaction rate is a measurement datum which represents the speed of a chemical reaction turning reactive species into product species of event (i.e the number of such conversions)s occuring over a time interval Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO reaction rate STATO:0000072 substrate concentration is a scalar measurement datum which denotes the amount of molecular entity involved in an enzymatic reaction (or catalytic chemical reaction) and whose role in that reaction is as substrate. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO substrate concentration 1 2 2 5 STATO:0000073 Fisher's exact test is a statistical test used to determine if there are nonrandom associations between two categorical variables. duplicate with OBI_0200176. so either MIREOT and add metadata and axioms or move from OBI Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FishersExactTest.html fisher.test(x) function, where x is a matrix scipy.stats.fisher_exact(table, alternative='two-sided') http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.fisher_exact.html#scipy.stats.fisher_exact source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L2485 Fisher's exact test true 2 1 1 2 2 STATO:0000074 Cochran-Mantel-Haenzel test for repeated tests of independence is a statitiscal test which allows the comparison of two groups on a dichotomous/categorical response. It is used when the effect of the explanatory variable on the response variable is influenced by covariates that can be controlled. It is often used in observational studies where random assignment of subjects to different treatments cannot be controlled, but influencing covariates can. The null hypothesis is that the two nominal variables that are tested within each repetition are independent of each other. So there are 3 variables to consider: two categorical variables to be tested for independence of each other, and the third variable identifies the repeats. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel_statistics) and from the Handbook of Biological Statistics (http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statcmh.html) CHM test Mantel–Haenszel test cmh.test(x,y,z) Cochran-Mantel-Haenzel test for repeated tests of independence STATO:0000075 a rarefaction curve is a graph used for estimating species richness in ecology studies Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO >library(vegan) >rarefaction(x, subsample=5, plot=TRUE, color=TRUE, error=FALSE, legend=TRUE, symbol) http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/vegan/html/vegan-package.html rarefaction curve 1 1 2 1 STATO:0000076 The Mann-Whitney U-test is a null hypothesis statistical testing procedure which allows two groups (or conditions or treatments) to be compared without making the assumption that values are normally distributed. The Mann-Whitney test is the non-parametric equivalent of the t-test for independent samples Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra U test Wilcoxon rank-sum test rank-sum test for the comparison of two samples adapted from http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statkruskalwallis.html and from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann%E2%80%93Whitney_U last accessed [2014-03-04] Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test wilcox.test(dependent variable ~ independant variable, data = dataset) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/wilcox.test.html scipy.stats.mannwhitneyu(x, y, use_continuity=True) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mannwhitneyu.html#scipy.stats.mannwhitneyu source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L4049 scipy.stats.ranksums(x, y) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.ranksums.html#scipy.stats.ranksums source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L4103 Mann-Whitney U-test STATO:0000077 Shapiro-Wilk test is a goodness of fit test which evaluates the null hypothesis that the sample is drawn from a population following a normal distribution Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra S-W test STATO, adapted from wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapiro–Wilk_test) shapiro.test(x) function, where x is a numeric vector https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/shapiro.test.html scipy.stats.shapiro(x, a=None, reta=False) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.shapiro.html#scipy.stats.shapiro source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/morestats.py#L944 Shapiro-Wilk test STATO:0000078 Levene's test is a null hypothesis statistical test which evaluates the null hypothesis of equality of variance in several populations. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levene_test levene.test(x) function, where x is a numeric vector scipy.stats.levene(*args, **kwds) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.levene.html#scipy.stats.levene source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/morestats.py#L1496 Levene's test STATO:0000079 Bartlett's test (see Snedecor and Cochran, 1989) is used to test if k samples are from populations with equal variances. Equal variances across samples is called homoscedasticity or homogeneity of variances. Some statistical tests, for example the analysis of variance, assume that variances are equal across groups or samples. The Bartlett test can be used to verify that assumption. Bartlett's test is sensitive to departures from normality. That is, if the samples come from non-normal distributions, then Bartlett's test may simply be testing for non-normality. Levene's test and the Brown–Forsythe test are alternatives to the Bartlett test that are less sensitive to departures from normality. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartlett_test bartlett.test(x) function, where x is a numeric vector scipy.stats.bartlett(*args) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.bartlett.html#scipy.stats.bartlett source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/morestats.py#L1450 Barlett's test STATO:0000080 the Brown Forsythe test is a statistical test which evaluates if the variance of different groups are equal. It relies on computing the median rather than the mean, as used in the Levene's test for homoschedacity. This test maybe used to, for instance, ensure that the conditions of applications of ANOVA are met. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia and Brown, M. B., and A. B. Forsythe. 1974a. The small sample behavior of some statistics which test the equality of several means. Technometrics, 16, 129-132. http://www.statmethods.net/stats/anovaAssumptions.html The hovPlot( ) function in the HH package provides a graphic test of homogeneity of variances based on Brown-Forsyth. In the following example, y is numeric and G is a grouping factor. Note that G must be of type factor. # Homogeneity of Variance Plot library(HH) hov(y~G, data=mydata) hovPlot(y~G,data=mydata) Brown Forsythe test 2 STATO:0000081 Pearson's Chi-Squared test is a statistical null hypothesis test which is used to either evaluate goodness of fit of dataset to a Chi-Squared distribution or used to test independence of 2 categorical variables (ie absence of association between those variables). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Chi2 test for independence adapted from: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/chisq.test.html and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson's_chi-squared_test http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/chisq.test.html chisq.test(x, y = NULL, correct = TRUE, p = rep(1/length(x), length(x)), rescale.p = FALSE, simulate.p.value = FALSE, B = 2000) http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/nortest/docs/pearson.test pearson.test(x) function, where x is a numeric vector http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.chi2_contingency.html#scipy.stats.chi2_contingency Pearson's Chi square test of independence between categorical variables 2 1 1 STATO:0000082 a fixed effect model is a statistical model which represents the observed quantities in terms of explanatory variables that are treated as if the quantities were non-random. PRS: this is a stub and more work is needed to reconcile conflicting definitions Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed_effects_model fixed effect model STATO:0000083 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test is a goodness of fit test which evaluates the null hypothesis that a sample is drawn from a population that follows a specific continuous probability distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra K-S test STATO, adapted from wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmogorov–Smirnov_test) http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35g.htm ks.test(dataset, distribution) scipy.stats.kstwobign = <scipy.stats._continuous_distns.kstwobign_gen object at 0x7f6169f842d0> http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.kstwobign.html#scipy.stats.kstwobign source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/_continuous_distns.py scipy.stats.mstats.ks_twosamp(data1, data2,alternative='two-sided') http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mstats.ks_twosamp.html source code: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/mstats_basic.py#L821 Kolmogorov-Smirnov test STATO:0000084 multinomial logistic regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with *polychotomous* response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a function of predictor/independent variable(s): the function used in this instance of regression modeling is probit function. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinomial_probit) polled in June 2013 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mlogit/vignettes/mlogit.pdf multinomial probit regression for analysis of polychotomous dependent variable STATO:0000085 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689604/ effect size estimate is a data item about the direction and strength of the consequences of a causative agent as explored by statistical methods. Those methods produce estimates of the effect size, e.g. confidence interval Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB,PRS effect size effect size estimate STATO:0000086 an F-test is a statistical test which evaluates that the computed test statistics follows an F-distribution under the null hypothesis. The F-test is sensitive to departure from normality. F-test arise when decomposing the variability in a data set in terms of sum of squares. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO F-test 2 STATO:0000087 a polychotomous variable is a categorical variable which is defined to have minimally 2 categories or possible values Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statvartypes.html polychotomous variable STATO:0000088 statistical sample size is a count evaluating the number of individual experimental units Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB-PRS statistical sample size study group population size 2 1 STATO:0000089 a case-control study design is a observation study design which assess the risk of particular outcome (a trait or a disease) associated with an event (either an exposure or endogenous factor). A case-control study design therefore declares an exposure variable which is dichotomous in nature (exposed/non-exposed) and an outcome variable, which is also dichotomous (case or control), thus giving the name to the design. During the execution of the design, a case control study defines a population and counts the events to determine their frequency. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from: http://www.drcath.net/toolkit/casecontrol.html case-control study design 2 STATO:0000090 a dichotomous variable is a categorical variable which is defined to have only 2 categories or possible values Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB-PRS http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statvartypes.html 'has part' exactly 1 ('categorical measurement datum' and ('has category label' exactly 2 'categorical label')) dichotomous variable STATO:0000091 Genome wide association study is a kind of study whose objective is to detect association between genetic markers (SNP or otherwise) accross the genome and a trait which may be a disease or another phenotype (e.g. trait of agronomic relevance in animal or plant studies). Genome wide association study compare the allele frequencies in 2 populations, one free of the trait used as control, the other one showing the trait use as 'case'. GWAS studies implement case-control design Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB, PRS GWAS study whole genome association study genome-wide association study 1 2 STATO:0000092 The Wilcoxon signed rank test is a statistical test which tests the null hypothesis that the median difference between pairs of observations is zero. This is the non-parametric analogue to the paired t-test, and should be used if the distribution of differences between pairs may be non-normally distributed. The procedure involves a ranking, hence the name. The absolute value of the differences between observations are ranked from smallest to largest, with the smallest difference getting a rank of 1, then next larger difference getting a rank of 2, etc. Ties are given average ranks. The ranks of all differences in one direction are summed, and the ranks of all differences in the other direction are summed. The smaller of these two sums is the test statistic, W (sometimes symbolized Ts). Unlike most test statistics, smaller values of W are less likely under the null hypothesis. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statsignedrank.html signrank() scipy.stats.wilcoxon(x, y=None, zero_method='wilcox', correction=False) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.wilcoxon.html#scipy.stats.wilcoxon source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L4103 Wilcoxon signed rank test STATO:0000093 Information about a calendar date or timestamp indicating day, month, year and time of an event. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO date 1 2 1 1 STATO:0000094 The Kruskal–Wallis test is a null hypothesis statistical testing objective which allows multiple (n>=2) groups (or conditions or treatments) to be compared, without making the assumption that values are normally distributed. The Kruskal–Wallis test is the non-parametric equivalent of the independent samples ANOVA. The Kruskal–Wallis test is most commonly used when there is one nominal variable and one measurement variable, and the measurement variable does not meet the normality assumption of an anova. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra H test rank-sum test for the comparison of multiple (more than 2) samples. http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statkruskalwallis.html kruskal.test() http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/kruskal.test.html scipy.stats.mstats.kruskalwallis(*args) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mstats.kruskalwallis.html source code: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/mstats_basic.py#L800 Kruskal Wallis test true 1 true 1 STATO:0000095 paired t-test is a statistical test which is specifically designed to analysis differences between paired observations in the case of studies realizing repeated measures design with only 2 repeated measurements per subject (before and after treatment for example) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statpaired.html http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statsignedrank.html t-test for dependent means t-test for repeated measures http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/t.test.html t.test(dependent variable ~ independant variable, data = dataset, var.equal = FALSE, paired= TRUE) scipy.stats.ttest_rel(a, b, axis=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.ttest_rel.html#scipy.stats.ttest_rel source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L3389 paired t-test 2 1 STATO:0000096 stratification is a planned process which executes a stratification rule using as input a population and assign it member to mutually exclusive subpopulation based on the values defined by the stratification rule Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra PRS+AGB adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratified_sampling polled on June 7th,2013 stratifying population population stratification prior to sampling STATO:0000097 A stastical test power analysis is a data transformation which aims to determine the size of a statistical sample required to reach a desired significance level given a particular statistical test Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.statmethods.net/stats/power.html http://www.statmethods.net/stats/power.html statistical test power analysis 2 2 STATO:0000098 http://arxiv.org/pdf/1007.1094.pdf Hotelling's T2 test is a statistical test which is a generalization of Student's T-test to a assess if the means of a set of variables remains unchanged when studying 2 populations. It is a type of multivariate analysis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO http://svitsrv25.epfl.ch/R-doc/library/rrcov/html/T2.test.html two sample Hotelling T2 test 1 1 STATO:0000099 a random effect(s) model, also called a variance components model, is a kind of hierarchical linear model. It assumes that the dataset being analysed consists of a hierarchy of different populations whose differences relate to that hierarchy. PRS: this is a stub and more work is needed to reconcile conflicting definitions Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra variance components model adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_effects_model#Qualitative_description random effect model 2 STATO:0000100 standardized mean difference is data item computed by forming the difference between two means, divided by an estimate of the within-group standard deviation. It is used to provide an estimatation of the effect size between two treatments when the predictor (independent variable) is categorical and the response(dependent) variable is continuous Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra SMD adapted from "Effect size, confidence interval and statistical significance: a practical guide for biologists" Nakagawa and Cuthill DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2007.00027.x adapted from http://htaglossary.net/standardised+mean+difference+(SMD) Cohen's d statistic standardized mean difference STATO:0000103 the multinomial distribution is a probability distribution which gives the probability of any particular combination of numbers of successes for various categories defined in the context of n independent trials each of which leads to a success for exactly one of k categories, with each category having a given fixed success probability. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from http://mathworld.wolfram.com/MultinomialDistribution.html and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinomial_distribution dmultinom(x, size = NULL, prob, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Multinom.html multinomial distribution STATO:0000104 A z-score (also known as z-value, standard score, or normal score) is a measure of the divergence of an individual experimental result from the most probable result, the mean. Z is expressed in terms of the number of standard deviations from the mean value. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://controls.engin.umich.edu/wiki/index.php/Basic_statistics:_mean,_median,_average,_standard_deviation,_z-scores,_and_p-value#Z-Scores normal score standard score scipy.stats.zscore(a, axis=0, ddof=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.zscore.html#scipy.stats.zscore source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L1977 Z-Score z-score A z-score (also known as z-value, standard score, or normal score) is a measure of the divergence of an individual experimental result from the most probable result, the mean. Z is expressed in terms of the number of standard deviations from the mean value. STATO:0000105 log signal intensity ratio is a data item which corresponding the logarithmitic base 2 of the ratio between 2 signal intensity, each corresponding to a condition. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MA_plot last accessed: 2014-03-13 M-value log signal intensity ratio STATO:0000106 probit regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with *dichotomous* response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a function of predictor/independent variable(s): the function used in this instance of regression modeling is the probit function aka the quantile function, i.e., the inverse cumulative distribution function (CDF), associated with the standard normal distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probit_model) polled in June 2013 probit regression for analysis of polychotomous dependent variable STATO:0000107 a statistical model is an information content entity which is a formalization of relationships between variables in the form of mathematical equations. A statistical model describes how one or more random variables are related to one or more other variables. The model is statistical as the variables are not deterministically but stochastically related. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_model last accessed: 14/01/2014 statistical model statistical model STATO:0000108 linear regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a linear function or linear combination of the regression parameters and the predictor/independent variable(s). linear regression modeling makes a number of assumptions, which includes homoskedasticity (constance of variance) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regression) polled in June 2013 linear regression for analysis of continuous dependent variable STATO:0000109 multinomial logistic regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with *polychotomous* response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a function of predictor/independent variable(s): the function used in this instance of regression modeling is logistic function. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinomial_logistic_regression) polled in June 2013 http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/mlogit/vignettes/mlogit.pdf multinomial logistic regression for analysis of dichotomous dependent variable STATO:0000111 a sequence read is a DNA sequence data which is generated by a DNA sequencer Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra sequence read STATO:0000112 a Funnel plot is a scatter plot of treatment effect versus a measure of study size and aims to provide a visual aid to detecting bias or systematic heterogeneity. A symmetric inverted funnel shape arises from a ‘well-behaved’ data set, in which publication bias is unlikely. An asymmetric funnel indicates a relationship between treatment effect and study size. Known caveats: If high precision studies really are different from low precision studies with respect to effect size (e.g., due to different populations examined) a funnel plot may give a wrong impression of publication bias. The appearance of the funnel plot can change quite dramatically depending on the scale on the y-axis — whether it is the inverse square error or the trial size. Funnel plot was introduced by Light and Palmer in 1984. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funnel_plot Funnel plot STATO:0000113 variance is a data item about a random variable or probability distribution. it is equivalent to the square of the standard deviation. It is one of several descriptors of a probability distribution, describing how far the numbers lie from the mean (expected value).The variance is the second moment of a distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Belran Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra σ2 var(x, y = NULL, na.rm = FALSE, use) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/cor.html variance STATO:0000116 the process of using statistical analysis for interpreting and communicating "what the data say". Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra From "The strenght of statistical evidence" by Richard Royall. https://www.stat.fi/isi99/proceedings/arkisto/varasto/roya0578.pdf assess stastistical evidence assess statistical evidence STATO:0000117 a discrete probability distribution is a probability distribution which is defined by a probability mass function where the random variable can only assume a finite number of values or infinitely countable values Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution#Discrete_probability_distribution last accessed: 14/01/2014 discrete probability distribution STATO:0000118 ranking is a data transformation which turns a non-ordinal variable into a Ordinal variable by sorting the values of the input variable and replacing their value by their position in the sorting result Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO ranking STATO:0000119 model parameter estimation is a data transformation that finds parameter values (the model parameter estimates) most compatible with the data as judged by the model. textual definition modified following contributiong by Thomas Nichols: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/18 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra model parameter estimation STATO:0000120 http://www.r-bloggers.com/boxplots-beyond-iv-beanplots/ beanplot is a plot in which (one or) multiple batches ("beans") are shown. Each bean consists of a density trace, which is mirrored to form a polygon shape. Next to that, a one-dimensional scatter plot shows all the individual measurements, like in a stripchart. The name beanplot stems from green beans. The density shape can be seen as the pod of a green bean, while the scatter plot shows the seeds inside the pod. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.jstatsoft.org/v28/c01/paper http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/beanplot/index.html bean plot STATO:0000121 the objective of a data transformation to evaluate a null hypothesis of absence of linkage between variables. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO association between categorical variables testing objective STATO:0000122 a pedigree chart is a graph which plots parent child relations Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedigree_chart) family tree plot.pedigree {kinship} http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/kinship/html/plot.pedigree.html pedigree chart 2 STATO:0000123 r2 is a correlation coefficient which is computed over the frequency of 2 dichotomous variable and is used as a measure of Linkage Disequilibrium and as input data item to the creation of an LD plot Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra R squared measure of LD http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2580747/ r2 measure of LD r2 measure of linkage desequilibrium STATO:0000124 a stratification rule/criteria is a criteria used to determine population strata so that a stratification process implementing the rule can result in any member of the total population being assigned to one and only one stratum Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratified_sampling polled on June 7th,2013 stratification rule STATO:0000125 The dot plot as a representation of a distribution consists of group of data points plotted on a simple scale. Dot plots are used for continuous, quantitative, univariate data. Data points may be labelled if there are few of them. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: Wilkinson, Leland (1999). "Dot plots". The American Statistician (American Statistical Association) 53 (3): 276–281. doi:10.2307/2686111 Wilkinson dot plot STATO:0000126 volcano plot is a kind of scatter plot which graphs the negative log of the p-value (significance) on the y-axis versus log2 of fold-change between 2 conditions on the x-axis. It is a popular method for visualizing differential occurence of variables between 2 conditions. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volcano_plot_(statistics) volcanoplot(fit, coef=1, highlight=0, names=fit$genes$ID, ...) http://rss.acs.unt.edu/Rdoc/library/limma/html/volcanoplot.html volcano plot 99 STATO:0000127 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689604/ a confidence interval which covers 99% of the sampling distribution, meaning that there is a 1% risk of false positive (type I error) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra confidence interval at 1% of type I error rate STATO 99% confidence interval STATO:0000128 Altman Box and Whisker plot is a variation of Tukey Box and Whisker plot which use the criteria of Altman to create the 'whisker' of the plot. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Altman, D.G. Practical Statistics for Medical Research (Chapman and Hall, 1991). Altman box and whisker plot 2 2 STATO:0000130 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2288/11/58#B9 the Breslow-Day test is a statistical test which evaluates if the odds ratios are homogenous across N 2x2 contingency tables, for instance several 2x2 contingency tables associated with different strata of a stratified population when evaluating the relationship between exposure and outcome or associated with the different samples coming from several centres in a multicentric study in clinical trial context. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odds_ratio#Statistical_inference polled on June 8th,2013 Breslow-Day test http://www.math.montana.edu/~jimrc/classes/stat524/Rcode/breslowday.test.r Breslow-Day test for homogeneity of odds ratio STATO:0000131 a sphericity test is a null hypothesis statistical testing procedure which posits a null hypothesis of equality of the variances of the differences between levels of the repeated measures factor Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphericity#Sphericity_in_statistics) test of data sphericity sphericity test STATO:0000132 Hotelling T squared distribution is a probability distribution used in multivariate hypothesis testing, which is a univariate distribution proportional to the F-distribution and arises importantly as the distribution of a set of statistics which are natural generalizations of the statistics underlying Student's t-distribution. In particular, the distribution arises in multivariate statistics in undertaking tests of the differences between the (multivariate) means of different populations, where tests for univariate problems would make use of a t-test. The distribution is named for Harold Hotelling, who developed it[1] as a generalization of Student's t-distribution. This distribution is commonly used to describe the sample Mahalanobis distance between two populations. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hotelling's_T-squared_distribution" last polled: 2013-11-09 Hotelling T2 distribution STATO:0000133 A post-hoc analysis is a statistical test carried out following an analysis of variance which ruled out the null hypothesis of absence of difference between group which allows identifying which groups differ. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra a posteriori test adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-hoc_analysis last accessed: 2013-11-15 post-hoc analysis STATO:0000134 specificity is a measurement datum qualifying a binary classification test and is computed by substracting the false positive rate to the integral numeral 1 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra specificity true negative rate STATO:0000135 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2789971/ strictly standardized mean difference (SSMS) is a standardized mean difference which corresponds to the ratio of mean to the standard deviation of the difference between two groups. SSMD directly measures the magnitude of difference between two groups. SSMD is widely used in High Content Screen for hit selection and quality control. When the data is preprocessed using log-transformation as normally done in HTS experiments, SSMD is the mean of log fold change divided by the standard deviation of log fold change with respect to a negative reference. In other words, SSMD is the average fold change (on the log scale) penalized by the variability of fold change (on the log scale). For quality control, one index for the quality of an HTS assay is the magnitude of difference between a positive control and a negative reference in an assay plate. For hit selection, the size of effects of a compound (i.e., a small molecule or an siRNA) is represented by the magnitude of difference between the compound and a negative reference. SSMD directly measures the magnitude of difference between two groups. Therefore, SSMD can be used for both quality control and hit selection in HTS experiments. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSMD http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2789971/ strictly standardized mean difference 2 STATO:0000136 Tarone's test for homogeneity of odds ratio is a statistical test which evaluates the null hypothesis that odds ratio are homogeneous Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tarone, R. E. ‘On heterogeneity tests based on efficient scores’, Biometrika, 72, 91-95 (1985). > library("metafor") > calcTaronesTest <- function(mylist,referencerow=2) http://a-little-book-of-r-for-biomedical-statistics.readthedocs.org/en/latest/src/biomedicalstats.html#calculating-the-mantel-haenszel-odds-ratio-when-there-is-a-stratifying-variable Tarone's test for homogeneity of odds ratio 2 STATO:0000137 an homoskedasticity test is a statistical test aiming at evaluate if the variances from several random samples are similar Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO equivariance test homoskedasticity test 1 1 2 STATO:0000138 a 2x2 contingency table is a contingency table build for 2 dichotomous variables (i.e. 2 categorical variables, each with only 2 possible outcomes). It is the simplest of contingency tables Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO 2x2 contingency table xtabs(formula = ~., data = parent.frame(), subset, sparse = FALSE, na.action, exclude = c(NA, NaN), drop.unused.levels = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/xtabs.html flat contingency tables: ftable(x, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/ftable.html 2 by 2 contingency table STATO:0000139 pairing patients by age, pairing animals by body weight range a subject pairing is a planned process which executes a pairing rule and results in the creation of sets of 2 subjects meeting the pairing criteria Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO subject pairing 2 STATO:0000140 a contigency table is a data item which displays the (multivariate) frequency distribution of the possible values of categorical variables. The first row of the table corresponds to categories of one categorical variable, the first column of the table corresponds to categories of the other categorical variable, the cells corresponding to each combination of categories is filled with the observed occurences in the sample being considered. The table also contains marginal total (marginal sums) and grand total of the occurences The term contingency table was first used by Karl Pearson in "On the Theory of Contingency and Its Relation to Association and Normal Correlation", part of the Drapers' Company Research Memoirs Biometric Series I published in 1904. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contingency_table) xtabs(formula = ~., data = parent.frame(), subset, sparse = FALSE, na.action, exclude = c(NA, NaN), drop.unused.levels = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/xtabs.html flat contingency tables: ftable(x, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/ftable.html contingency table STATO:0000141 acute toxicity study is an investigation which use interventions organized according to a factorial design and a parallel group design to observe the effect of use of high dose xenobiotics in animal models or cellular models Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra acute toxicity study acute toxicity study 2 2 -1 1 STATO:0000142 The correlation coefficient of two variables in a data sample is their covariance divided by the product of their individual standard deviations. It is a normalized measurement of how the two are linearly related. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO r r statistics correlation coefficient 2 STATO:0000143 A Bayesian model selection is a data transformation which is based on Bayesian statistics to compute Bayes factor in order to evaluate which model best explains data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia Bayesian model selection STATO:0000144 for example , model parameter estimates could be produced using regression analysis (used in a model estimation process) , which attempts to express the response variable in terms of function of predictor variable and model parameters. a model parameter estimate is a data item which results from a model parameter estimation process and which provides a numerical value about a model parameter. textual definition modified following contributiong by Thomas Nichols: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/18 Alejandra Gonzalez Beltran Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO model parameter estimate STATO:0000145 the geometric distribution is a negative binomial distribution where r is 1. It is useful for modeling the runs of consecutive successes (or failures) in repeated independent trials of a system. The geometric distribution models the number of successes before one failure in an independent succession of tests where each test results in success or failure. The geometric distribution with prob = p has density p(x) = p (1-p)^x for x = 0, 1, 2, …, 0 < p ≤ 1. If an element of x is not integer, the result of dgeom is zero, with a warning. The quantile is defined as the smallest value x such that F(x) ≥ p, where F is the distribution function. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Geometric.html http://www.mathworks.co.uk/help/stats/geometric-distribution.html dgeom(x, prob, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Geometric.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.geom.html#scipy.stats.geom geometric distribution STATO:0000146 a null hypothesis stating that there are differences observed between group of subjects Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO presence of between group difference hypothesis STATO:0000147 Linkage Disequilibrium plot is a graph which represents pairwise linkage disequilibrium measures between SNP as a heatmap Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from R documentation (http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/LDheatmap/index.html) LD plot Linkage Disequilibrium plot LD plot 1 1 1 STATO:0000148 The Cochran-Armitage test is a statistical test used in categorical data analysis when the aim is to assess for the presence of an association between a dichotomous variable (variable with two categories) and a polychotomous variable (a variable with k categories). The two-level variable represents the response, and the other represents an explanatory variable with ordered levels. The null hypothesis is the hypothesis of no trend, which means that the binomial proportion is the same for all levels of the explanatory variable For example, doses of a treatment can be ordered as 'low', 'medium', and 'high', and we may suspect that the treatment benefit cannot become smaller as the dose increases. The trend test is often used as a genotype-based test for case-control genetic association studies. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra CATT http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochran%E2%80%93Armitage_test_for_trend Cochran-Armitage test for trend STATO:0000149 binomial logistic regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with *dichotomous* response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a function of predictor/independent variable(s): the function used in this instance of regression modeling is logistic function. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_regression) polled in June 2013 binomial logistic regression for analysis of dichotomous dependent variable STATO:0000150 a minimum value is a data item which denotes the smallest value found in a dataset or resulting from a calculation. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO minimum value STATO:0000151 maximum value is a data item which denotes the largest value found in a dataset or resulting from a calculation. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO maximum value STATO:0000152 a quartile is a quantile which splits data into sections accrued of 25% of data, so the first quartile delineates 25% of the data, the second quartile delineates 50% of the data and the third quartile, 75 % of the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile) quartile 1 2 STATO:0000153 http://arxiv.org/pdf/1007.1094.pdf The one-sample Hotelling’s T2 is the multivariate extension of the common one-sample or paired Student’s t-test. In a one-sample t-test, the mean response is compared against a specific value. Hotelling’s one-sample T2 is used when the number of response variables is two or more, although it can be used when there is only one response variable. T2 makes the usual assumption that the data are approximately multivariate normal. Randomization tests are provided that do not rely on this assumption. These randomization tests should be used whenever you want exact results that do not rely on several assumptions. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://ncss-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/themes/ncss/pdf/Procedures/NCSS/Hotellings_One-Sample_T2.pdf http://svitsrv25.epfl.ch/R-doc/library/rrcov/html/T2.test.html one sample Hotelling T2 test STATO:0000154 a violin plot is a plot combining the features of box plot and kernel density plot. The violin plot is therefore similar to box plot but it incorporated in the display the probability density of the data at different values. Typically violin plots will include a marker for the median of the data and a box indicating the interquartile range, as in standard box plots. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violin_plot and Hintze, J. L. and R. D. Nelson (1998). Violin plots: a box plot-density trace synergism. The American Statistician, 52(2):181-4. http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/vioplot/docs/vioplot vioplot( x, ..., range=1.5, h, ylim, names, horizontal=FALSE, col="magenta", border="black", lty=1, lwd=1, rectCol="black", colMed="white", pchMed=19, at, add=FALSE, wex=1, drawRect=TRUE) violin plot 2 STATO:0000155 meta-analysis is a data transformation which uses the effect size estimates from several independent quantitative scientific studies addressing the same question in order to assess finding consistency. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaanalysis last accessed: 2013-11-15 meta analysis STATO:0000156 the Scheffe test is a data transformation which evaluates all possible contrasts and adjusting the levels significance by accounting for multiple comparison. The test is therefore conservative. Confidence intervals can be constructed for the corresponding linear regression. It was developped by American statistician Henry Scheffe in 1959. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheffé's_method) http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/agricolae/docs/scheffe.test Scheffe test STATO:0000157 the LSD test is a statistical test for multiple comparisons of treatments by means of least significant difference following an ANOVA analysis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra R LSD test http://rss.acs.unt.edu/Rdoc/library/agricolae/html/LSD.test.html Least significance different test STATO:0000158 a null hypothesis which states that a linkage exists between 2 categorical variables Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO presence of association hypothesis STATO:0000159 Stacked bar chart is a bar which is used to compare overall quantities across items while showing the contribution of category to the total amount. Stacked bar chart can be used for highlighting the total as they visually aggregate all of the categories in a group while indicating a part to whole relationship. The downside is that it becomes harder to compare the sizes of the individual categories. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapter from http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/numeracy/bar-charts and http://blog.visual.ly/how-groups-stack-up-when-to-use-grouped-vs-stacked-column-charts/ [last accessed: 2014-03-04] barplot(height....) set argument " beside = FALSE " http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/graphics/html/barplot.html stacked bar chart 2 STATO:0000160 The exponential distribution (a.k.a. negative exponential distribution) is the probability distribution that describes the time between events in a Poisson process, i.e. a process in which events occur continuously and independently at a constant average rate. It is the continuous analogue of the geometric distribution, and it has the key property of being memoryless. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Exponential.html dexp(x, rate = 1, log = FALSE) pexp(q, rate = 1, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) qexp(p, rate = 1, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) rexp(n, rate = 1) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.expon.html#scipy.stats.expon exponential distribution STATO:0000161 variable distribution is data item which denotes the spatial resolution of data point making up a variable. variable distribution may be compared to a known probability distribution using goodness of fit test or plotting a quantile-quantile plot for visual assessment of the fit. TODO: Probably need to drop it Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO data distribution data distribution STATO:0000162 the role played by an entity part of study group as defined by an experimental design and realized in a data analysis and data interpretation Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra experimental unit role STATO:0000163 trimmed mean or truncated mean is a measure of central tendency which involves the calculation of the mean after discarding given parts of a probability distribution or sample at the high and low end, and typically discarding an equal amount of both Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia [last accessed 2014-03-04] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truncated_mean truncated mean scipy.stats.tmean(a, limits=None, inclusive=(True, True)) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.tmean.html#scipy.stats.tmean source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L684 trimmed mean STATO:0000164 The interquartile range is a data item which corresponds to the difference between the upper quartile (3rd quartile) and lower quartile (1st quartile). The interquartile range contains the second quartile or median. The interquartile range is a data item providing a measure of data dispersion Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from wikipedia, wolfram alpha and oxford dictionary of statistics IQR(x, na.rm = FALSE, type = 7) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/IQR.html inter quartile range STATO:0000165 a pie chart is a graph in which a circular graph is divided into sector illustrating numerical proportion, meaning that the arc length of each sector (and consequently its central angle and area), is proportional to the quantity it represents. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia, last accessed [2014-03-05] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pie_chart pie(x, labels = names(x), edges = 200, radius = 0.8, clockwise = FALSE, init.angle = if(clockwise) 90 else 0, density = NULL, angle = 45, col = NULL, border = NULL, lty = NULL, main = NULL, ...) https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/graphics/html/pie.html pie chart STATO:0000166 A bar chart is appropriate to represent counts of data. the bart chart is a graph resulting from plotting rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values that they represent. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_chart) polled in June 2013 bar plot barplot(height, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/graphics/html/barplot.html bar chart STATO:0000167 the first quartile is a quartile which splits the lower 25 % of the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO first quartile STATO:0000168 a real time quantitative pcr plot is a line graph which plots the signal fluorescence intensity as a function of the number of PCR cycle Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra real time quantitative pcr plot STATO:0000169 Fold change is a number describing how much a quantity changes going from an initial to a final value or one condition to another condition 30/04/2014 - removed restriction: 'is about' exactly 2 'study group population' - need more discussion for the relationship of fold change to study group populations for particular examples. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fold_change fold change STATO:0000170 the first quartile is a quartile which splits the 75 % of the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO third quartile STATO:0000171 Spear Box and Whisker plot is a variation of Tukey Box and Whisker plot which use the criteria of Spear to create the 'whisker' of the plot. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Spear, M.E. Charting Statistics (McGraw-Hill, 1952) Spear box and whisker plot STATO:0000172 expected fragments per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped is a metric used to report transcript expression event as generated by RNA-Seq using paired-end library. The calculated value results from 2 types of normalization, one to take into account the difference in reads counts associated with transcript length (at equal abundance, longer transcripts will have more reads than shorter transcripts) , (hence the 'per kilobase of transcript') and the other one to take into account different sequencing depth during distinct sequencing runs (hence the 'per millions mapped fragment'. The metric is specifically produced by cufflink software. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra FPKM adapted from: http://seqanswers.com/forums/showthread.php?t=3254 and from http://www.nature.com/nprot/journal/v7/n3/full/nprot.2012.016.html fragments per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped STATO:0000173 homogeneity testing objective is the objective of a data transformation to test a null hypothesis that two or more sub-groups of a population share the same distribution of a single categorical variable. For example, do people of different countries have the same proportion of smokers to non-smokers Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO homogeneity test objective STATO:0000174 A forest plot is a graph designed to illustrate the relative strength of treatment effects in multiple quantitative scientific studies addressing the same question. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_plot metaplot(mn, se, nn=NULL, labels=NULL, conf.level=0.95, xlab="Odds ratio", ylab="Study Reference",xlim=NULL, summn=NULL, sumse=NULL, sumnn=NULL, summlabel="Summary", logeffect=FALSE, lwd=2, boxsize=1, zero=as.numeric(logeffect), colors=meta.colors(), xaxt="s", logticks=TRUE, ...) http://rss.acs.unt.edu/Rdoc/library/rmeta/html/metaplot.html Forest plot STATO:0000175 http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/confint.html confidence interval calculation is a data transformation which determines a confidence interval for a given statistical parameter Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO confidence interval calculation STATO:0000176 t-statistic is a statistic computed from observations and used to produce a p-value in statistical test when compared to a Student's t distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO T t-statistic STATO:0000177 the beta distribution is a continuous probability distributions defined on the interval [0, 1] parametrized by two positive shape parameters, denoted by α and β, that appear as exponents of the random variable and control the shape of the distribution Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_distribution http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Beta.html dbeta(x, shape1, shape2, ncp = 0, log = FALSE) pbeta(q, shape1, shape2, ncp = 0, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) qbeta(p, shape1, shape2, ncp = 0, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) rbeta(n, shape1, shape2, ncp = 0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.beta.html#scipy.stats.beta beta distribution STATO:0000178 Kurtosis is a data item which denotes the degree of peakedness of a distribution. It is defined as a normalized form of the fourth central moment of a distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Kurtosis.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.kurtosis.html#scipy.stats.kurtosis kurtosis 1 1 STATO:0000179 ANCOVA or analysis of covariance is a data transformation which evaluates if population means of a dependent variable are equal across levels of a categorical independent variables while controlling for the effects of other continuous variable s, known as covariates. Therefore, when performing ANCOVA, we are adjusting the dependent variable means to what they would be if all groups were equal on the covariates. It augments the ANOVA model with one or more additional quantitative variables, called covariates, which are related to the response variable. The covariates are included to reduce the variance in the error terms and provide more precise measurement of the treatment effects. ANCOVA is used to test the main and interaction effects of the factors, while controlling for the effects of the covariate Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia ANCOVA 1 0 STATO:0000180 standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with variance = 1 and mean=0 we need to formally set value for mean and variance Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra dnorm(x, mean = 0, sd = 1, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Normal.html standard normal distribution STATO:0000181 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test is a statistical test which aims to evaluate if a population's proportion of allele is stable or not. It is used as means of quality control to evaluate possibility of genotyping error or population structure. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO: adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardy–Weinberg_principle) > library(HardyWeinberg) > x <- c(298,489,213) > HW.test <- HWChisq(x,verbose=TRUE) http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/HardyWeinberg/index.html Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing 2 4 STATO:0000182 Odds ratio is a ratio that measures effect size, that is the strength of association between 2 dichotomous variables, one describing an exposure and one describing an outcome. It represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure ( the probability of the event occuring divided by the probability of an event not occurring). The odds ratio is a ratio of describing the strength of association or non-independence between two binary data values by forming the ratio of the odds for the first group and the odds for the second group. Odds ratio are used when one wants to compare the odds of something occurring to two different groups. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2938757/ http://www.stats.org/stories/2008/odds_ratios_april4_2008.html OR odds ratio STATO:0000183 sphericity testing objective is a statistical objective of a data transformation which aims to test a null hypothesis of sphericity holds. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO sphericity testing objective sphericity testing objective STATO:0000184 A ratio is a data item which is formed with two numbers r and s is written r/s, where r is the numerator and s is the denominator. The ratio of r to s is equivalent to the quotient r/s. review formal definition as both numerator and denominator should be of the same type, not just some data item Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wolfram Alpha: https://www.wolframalpha.com/share/clip?f=d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427efdcsig76g7 ratio 1 2 1 STATO:0000185 a 2 by n contingency table is a contingency table built for one dichotomous variable (a categorical variable with only 2 outcomes) and one polychotomous variable (a polychomotomous variable with at least 2 outcomes) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO xtabs(formula = ~., data = parent.frame(), subset, sparse = FALSE, na.action, exclude = c(NA, NaN), drop.unused.levels = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/xtabs.html flat contingency tables: ftable(x, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/ftable.html 2 by n contingency table STATO:0000186 Lineweaver-Burk plot is a graph which is the graphical representation of the Lineweaver–Burk equation of enzyme kinetics, described by Hans Lineweaver and Dean Burk in 1934. The plot provides a useful graphical method for analysis of the Michaelis–Menten equation. It was widely used to determine important terms in enzymology and enzyme kinetics as the x-intercept of the graph represents −1/Km and the y-intercept of such a graph is equivalent to the inverse of Vmax TODO: create 'inverse function' and replace 'data transformation' in the assertions Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra double reciprocal plot Lineweaver-Burk plot 2 1 STATO:0000187 Tukey Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test is a statistical test used following an ANOVA test yielding a statistically significant p-value in order to determine which means are different, to a given level of significance. The Tukey HSD test relies on the q-distribution. The procedure is conservative, meaning that if sample sizes (the sizes of different study groups) are equal, the risk of a Type I error is exactly α, and if sample sizes are unequal it’s less than α. IMPORTANT: Do Not to confuse the Tukey HSD test with Tukey Mean Difference Test (Bland-Altman test) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.tc3.edu/instruct/sbrown/stat/anova1.htm#ANOVAprereq Tukey's honestly significant difference http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/TukeyHSD.html Tukey HSD for Post-Hoc Analysis STATO:0000188 average log signal intensity is a data time which corresponds to the sum of 2 distinct logarithm base 2 transformed signal intensity, each corresponding to a distinct condition of signal acquisition, divided by 2. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MA_plot last accessed: 2014-03-13 A-value average log signal intensity 1 STATO:0000189 A mixed model is a statistical model containing both fixed effects and random effects. These models are useful in a wide variety of disciplines in the physical, biological and social sciences. They are particularly useful in settings where repeated measurements are made on the same statistical units (longitudinal study), or where measurements are made on clusters of related statistical units. Because of their advantage in dealing with missing values, mixed effects models are often preferred over more traditional approaches such as repeated measures ANOVA. PRS: this is a stub and more work is needed to reconcile conflicting definitions Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia mixed effect model STATO:0000190 Threshold cycle (or Ct or Cq) is a count which is defined as the fractional PCR cycle number at which the reporter fluorescence is greater than the threshold in the context of the RT-qPCR assay. The Ct is a basic principle of real time PCR and is an essential component in producing accurate and reproducible data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Cq Ct http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/probe/doc/TechQPCR.shtml threshold cycle STATO:0000191 a goodness of fit statistical test is a statistical test which aim to evaluate if a sample distribution can be considered equivalent to a theoretical distribution used as input Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra goodness of fit statistical test STATO:0000192 a cartesian product is a data transformation which operates on a n Sets to produce a set of all possible ordered n-tuples where each element of the tuple comes from a Set Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke PERSON: Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from math wolfram (http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CartesianProduct.html) cartesian product STATO:0000193 is a population whose individual members realize (may be expressed as) a combination of inclusion rule values specifications or resulting from a sampling process (e.g. recruitment followed by randomization to group) on which a number of measurements will be carried out, which may be used as input to statistical tests and statistical inference. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistical sample study group population STATO:0000194 self explanatory Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra cartesian product 2 sets STATO:0000195 A non-negative integer defining how many combination of factor levels (or treatments in the statistical sense) are to be used in a study. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO number of factor level combinations STATO:0000196 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689604/ A confidence interval is a data item which defines an range of values in which a measurement or trial falls corresponding to a given probability. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ConfidenceInterval.html confidence interval STATO:0000197 a genomic coordinate system is a coordinate system to describe position of sequence on a genomic scaffold (assembly of chromosome, contig....) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra ensembl, ucsc genomic coordinate system STATO:0000198 a statistical test which makes no assumption about the underlying data distribution Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO non-parametric test STATO:0000199 the Mauchly's test for sphericity is a statistical test which evaluates if the variance of the differences between all combinations of the groups are equal, a property known as 'sphericity' in the context of repeated measures. It is used for instance prior to repeated measure ANOVA. The test works by assessing if a Wishart-distributed covariance matrix (or transformation thereof) is proportional to a given matrix. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB-PRS, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauchly's_sphericity_test) polled on june,10th, 2013 and from R manual: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/mauchly.test.html Mauchly's test for sphericity mauchly.test(object, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/mauchly.test.html Mauchly's test for sphericity STATO:0000200 the statistical test power is data item which is about a statistical test and is obtained by subtracting the false negative rate (type II error rate) to 1. The power of a statistical test is the probability that it will correctly lead to the rejection of a false null hypothesis (Greene 2000). The statistical power is the ability of a test to detect an effect, if the effect actually exists (High 2000). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_power), polled June 10th, 2013 statistical test power 2 STATO:0000201 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient is a correlation coefficient which is a nonparametric measure of statistical dependence between two ranked variables. It assesses how well the relationship between two variables can be described using a monotonic function. If there are no repeated data values, a perfect Spearman correlation of +1 or −1 occurs when each of the variables is a perfect monotone function of the other. Spearman's coefficient may be used when the conditions for computing Pearson's correlation are not met (e.g linearity, normality of the 2 continuous variables) but may require a ranking transformation of the variables Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Spearman's rho http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spearman%27s_rank_correlation_coefficient cor(x, y = NULL, use = "everything",method = c("spearman")) scipy.stats.spearmanr(a, b=None, axis=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.spearmanr.html#scipy.stats.spearmanr source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L2643 Spearman's rank correlation coefficient STATO:0000202 within subject comparison statistical test is a kind of statistical test which evaluates if a change occurs within one experimental unit over time following a treatment or an event Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO within subject comparison statistical test STATO:0000203 a cohort is a study group population where the members are human beings which meet inclusion criteria and undergo a longitudinal design possibly submit to 'Population and Community Ontology' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO cohort STATO:0000204 the F-distribution is a continuous probability distribution which arises in the testing of whether two observed samples have the same variance. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Fisher distribution Snedecor Fisher distribution http://mathworld.wolfram.com/F-Distribution.html df(x, df1, df2, ncp, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Fdist.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.f.html#scipy.stats.f F-distribution STATO:0000206 RPKM is a kind of count which numbers the sequence reads found per kilobase of transcript reported to million of sequence reads. RPKM is a metric generated by ERANGE software tool as reported by Mortazi et al, in 2008. The metric has been enhanced and replaced by FPKM to better take into account splice variant. FKPM uses a statistical model to perform the computation. Alejandra Gonzalez Beltran Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra RPKM http://www.nature.com/nmeth/journal/v5/n7/full/nmeth.1226.html reads per kilobase of transcript per million fragments mapped STATO:0000207 a planned process which etablishes and states the different hypothesis to be evaluated during a null hypothesis statistical test Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO specifying null and alternate hypothesis STATO:0000208 An alternative hypothesis is an hypothesis defined in a statistical test that is the opposite of the null hypothesis. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO alternative hypothesis STATO:0000209 PMID:12892658 "Two formulas for computation of the area under the curve represent measures of total hormone concentration versus time-dependent change." area under curve is a measurement datum which corresponds to the surface define by the x-axis and bound by the line graph represented in a 2 dimensional plot resulting from an integration or integrative calculus. The interpretation of this measurement datum depends on the variables plotted in the graph PRS: submit 'integral calculus' as a kind of data transformation in OBI:DT branch Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra area under curve STATO:0000210 is a data item formed by dividing the fluorescence intensity obtained in one channel to that obtained in the other channel, typically the case when considering 2-color microarray data when imaging is done for Cy3 and Cy5 dyes. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO channel1/channel2 fluorescence intensity ratio channel1/channel2 fluorescence intensity ratio STATO:0000211 odds ratio homogeneity hypothesis is a null hypothesis stating that all odds ratio are homogenous, that is remain within the same range. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO odds ratio homogeneity hypothesis odds ratio homogeneity hypothesis 2 STATO:0000212 a tetrachoric correlation coefficient is a polychoric correlation coefficient for 2 dichotomous variables used as proxy for correlation between 2 continuous latent variables. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt193c.htm and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychoric_correlation tetrachoric correlation coefficient STATO:0000213 discretization as a processing converting a continuous variable into a polychotomous variable by concretizing a set of discretization rules Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB,PRS adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discretization) http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/discretization/index.html continuous variable discretization 50 STATO:0000214 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689604/ a confidence interval which covers 50% of the sampling distribution, meaning that there is a 50% risk of false positive (type I error) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra confidence interval at 10% of type I error rate STATO 50% confidence interval STATO:0000215 probit regression model is a model which attempts to explain data distribution associated with *ordinal* response/dependent variable in terms of values assumed by the independent variable uses a function of predictor/independent variable(s): the function used in this instance of regression modeling is the ordered probit function. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probit_model) polled in June 2013 ordered probit regression for analysis of ordinal dependent variable STATO:0000216 a stratum population is a population resulting from a population stratification prior to sampling process which aims to produce homogenous subpopulations from an heterogeneous population by applying one or more stratification criteria Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO stratum population STATO:0000217 a null hypothesis which states that a given matrix is proportional to a Wishart-distributed covariance matrix Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO hypothesis of sphericity sphericity hypothesis STATO:0000218 Model fitting is a data transformation process which evaluates if a model appropriately represents a dataset. A model fitting process tests the goodness of fit of the model to the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra model fitting STATO:0000219 a real time pcr standard curve is a line graph which plots the fluorescence intensity signal as a function of the concentration of a sample used as reference and used to determine relative abundance of test samples Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/sigma-aldrich/docs/Sigma/General_Information/qpcr_technical_guide.pdf and http://www.lifetechnologies.com/uk/en/home/life-science/pcr/real-time-pcr/qpcr-education/absolute-vs-relative-quantification-for-qpcr.html RT-PCR standard curve STATO:0000220 the false negative rate is a data item which denotes the proportion of missed detection of elements known to be meeting the detection criteria Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO, adapted from type II error rate β false negative rate STATO:0000221 a random variable (or aleatory variable or stochastic variable) in probability and statistics, is a variable whose value is subject to variations due to chance (i.e. randomness, in a mathematical sense) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra aleatory variable stochastic variable wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_variable random variable 3 STATO:0000222 graeco-latin square design is_a study design which allows in its simpler form controlling 3 levels of nuisance variables (also known as blocking variables). The 3 nuisance factors are divided into a tabular grid with the property that each row and each column receive each treatment exactly once. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra graeco-latin square design STATO:0000223 group assignment based on blocking variable specification is a kind of group assignment process which takes into account the levels assumed by a blocking variable to allocate subjects or experimental units to a treatment group Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO group assignment based on blocking variable specification STATO:0000224 A testing objective to ensure that the sample used in a statistical test actually follows a normal distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO goodness of fit testing objective STATO:0000225 A probability distribution is a information content entity that specifies the probability of the value of a random variable. For a discrete random variable, a mathematical formula that gives the probability of each value of the variable. For a continuous random variable, a curve described by a mathematical formula which specifies, by way of areas under the curve, the probability that the variable falls within a particular interval. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra probability distribution STATO:0000226 It is a testing objective to ensure the variances of the different groups used in a statistical test are similar (i.e. not too different). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra homoschedacity testing objective STATO equal variance testing objective 0 STATO:0000227 a normal distribution is a continuous probability distribution described by a probability distribution function described here: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NormalDistribution.html Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Gaussian distribution http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NormalDistribution.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.norm.html#scipy.stats.norm normal distribution STATO:0000228 ordinal variable is a categorical variable where the discrete possible values are ordered or correspond to an implicit ranking Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltan Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra ranked variable http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statvartypes.html ordinal variable STATO:0000229 Chi-square probability distribution with k degrees of freedom is a theoretical probability distribution which corresponds to the distribution of a sum of the squares of k independent standard normal random variables. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra dchisq(x, df, ncp = 0, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Chisquare.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.chi2.html#scipy.stats.chi2 Chi-square probability distribution STATO:0000230 the expected value (or expectation, mathematical expectation, EV, mean, or the first moment) of a random variable is a data item which corresponds to the weighted average of all possible values that this random variable can take on. The weights used in computing this average correspond to the probabilities in case of a discrete random variable, or densities in case of a continuous random variable. From a rigorous theoretical standpoint, the expected value is the integral of the random variable with respect to its probability measure. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra first moment mean μ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expected_value expected value 95 STATO:0000231 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689604/ a confidence interval which covers 95% of the sampling distribution, meaning that there is a 5% risk of false positive (type I error). If the number of observations made is large enough, the sampling distribution can be assumed to be normal, which entails that 95% of the sampling distributions falls within roughly2 (1.96) standard deviations from the mean. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra confidence interval at 5% of type I error rate STATO 95% confidence interval STATO:0000232 number of PCR cycle is a count which enumerates how many iterations of 'annealing, renaturation, amplification,' rounds (or cycles) are performed during a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or an assay relying on PCR. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from various sources including: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/probe/doc/TechQPCR.shtml number of PCR cycle STATO:0000233 sensitivity is a measurement datum qualifying a binary classification test and is computed by substracting the false negative rate to the integral numeral 1 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra recall sensitivity adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity and http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Sensitivity.html true positive rate STATO:0000234 a residual is a data item which is the output of an error estimate or model fitting process and which is an observable estimate of the unobservable error Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra residual STATO:0000235 A genetic association study is a kind of study whose objective is to detect associations between phenotypes, between a phenotype and a genetic polymorphism or between two genetic polymorphisms. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_association genetic association study STATO:0000236 the coefficient of variation is a normalized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution of frequency distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_variation last accessed: 2013-10-18 scipy.stats.variation(a, axis=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.variation.html#scipy.stats.variation source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L951 coefficient of variation STATO:0000237 The standard deviation of a random variable, statistical population, data set, or probability distribution is a measure of variation which correspond to the average distance from the mean of the data set to any given point of that dataset. It also corresponds to the square root of its variance. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra σ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviation sd(x, na.rm = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/sd.html standard deviation STATO:0000238 high content screening is a kind of investigation which uses a standardized cellular assays to test the effect of substances (RNAi or small molecules) held in libraries on a cellular phenotype. it relies on microscopy imaging and or flow-cytometry, robotic handling to ensure fast and high-throughput. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra high throughput screening adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-content_screening high-content screening STATO:0000239 high throughput screening is a kind of investigation which uses a standardized assays (cell based, enzymatic or chemometric) to test the effect of substances (RNAi or small molecules) held in libraries on a very specific and measureable outcome (e.g fluorence intensity). it relies on robotic handling to ensure fast and high-throughput in assay performance, data acquisition and hit selection. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB,PRS high throughput screening 2 STATO:0000240 Kendall's correlation coefficient is a correlation coefficient between 2 ordinal variables (natively or following a ranking procedure) and may be used when the conditions for computing Pearson's correlation are not met (e.g linearity, normality of the 2 continuous variables) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Kendall rank correlation coefficient Kendall's tau (τ) coefficient STATO, adapted from wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendall_tau_rank_correlation_coefficient), polled in june 2013 and from: http://stamash.org/pearsons-correlation-coefficient/ http://stamash.org/kendalls-tau-correlation/ cor(x, y = NULL, use = "everything",method = c("kendall")) scipy.stats.kendalltau(x, y, initial_lexsort=True) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.kendalltau.html#scipy.stats.kendalltau source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L2827 Kendall's correlation coefficient 2 STATO:0000241 Q-Q plot or quantile-quantile plot is the output of a graphical method for comparing two probability distributions by plotting their quantiles against each other PRS,AGB: need to add the notion of quantile Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO quantile-quantile plot qqplot(x, y, plot.it = TRUE, xlab = deparse(substitute(x)), ylab = deparse(substitute(y)), ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/qqnorm.html Q-Q plot STATO:0000242 statistical error is an data item denoting the amount by which an observation differs from the expected value, being based on the whole statistical population from which the statistical unit was chosen randomly Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errors_and_residuals_in_statistics last accessed: 18-11-2013 disturbance statistical error STATO:0000243 A box and whisker plot is appropriate to represent the characteristics oc a distribution. a box plot is a graph which plots datasets relying on their quartiles and the interquartile range to create the box and the whiskers. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tukey box and whisker plot box plot Tukey, J. W. "Box-and-Whisker Plots." §2C in Exploratory Data Analysis. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, pp. 39-43, 1977. boxplot boxplot(x, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/graphics/html/boxplot.html box and whisker plot STATO:0000244 (Rn +) − (Rn −), where Rn + = (emission intensity of reporter dye)/(emission intensity of passive reference dye) in PCR with template and Rn − = (emission intensity of reporter dye)/(emission intensity of passive reference dye) in PCR without template or early cycles of a real-time reaction. Ct = threshold cycle, i.e., cycle at which a statistically significant increase in ΔRn is first detected Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://jcm.asm.org/content/38/7/2516.figures-only ΔRn 4 STATO:0000245 Relative risk is a measurement datum which denotes the risk of an 'event' relative to an 'exposure'. Relative risk is calculated by forming the ratio of the probability of the event occurring in the exposed group versus the probability of this event occurring in the non-exposed group. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra risk ratio relative risk 2 2 STATO:0000246 Woolf's test is a statistical test which evaluates the null hypothesis that odds ratio are the same accross all strata of population under investigation Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://people.umass.edu/biep640w/pdf/4.%20%20Categorical%20Data%20Analysis%202012.pdf woolf_test(x) where x is 2 x 2 x k contingency table http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/vcd/html/woolf_test.html Woolf's test STATO:0000247 odds ratio homogeneity test is a statistical test which aims to evaluate that null the hypothesis of consistency odds ratio accross different strata of population is true or not Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO odds ratio homogeneity test STATO:0000248 https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/19 Often in medical studies, the blocking factor used is the type of institution. This provides a very useful blocking factor, hopefully removing institutionally related factors such as size of the institution, types of populations served, hospitals versus clinics, etc., that would influence the overall results of the experiment. a blocking variable is a independent variable which is used in a blocking process part of an experiment with the purpose of maximizing the signal coming from the main variable. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra nuisance variable https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/18 blocking variable STATO:0000249 a DNA microarray hybridization is an assay relying on nucleic acid hybridization , which uses a DNA microarray device and a nucleic acid as input. It precedes a data acquisition process Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra DNA microarray hybridization STATO:0000250 group comparison objective is a data transformation objective which aims to determine if 2 or more study group differ with respect to the signal of a response variable Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO group comparison objective STATO:0000251 "Time to solve an anagram problem" is continuous since it could take 2 minutes, 2.13 minutes etc. to finish a problem A continuous variable is one for which, within the limits the variable ranges, any value is possible. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/A97418.html http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statvartypes.html continuous variable STATO:0000252 a categorical variable is a variable which that can only assume a finite number of value and cast observation in a small number of categories Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra discrete variable nominal variable qualitative factor http://udel.edu/~mcdonald/statvartypes.html https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/7 categorical variable STATO:0000253 the objective of a data transformation to test a null hypothesis of absence of difference within subject holds. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO within subject comparison objective STATO:0000254 The allele frequency is a data item which denotes the incidence of a gene variant in a population. It is calculated as a ratio, by dividing the number of copies of a particular allele by the number of copies of all alleles at the genetic place (locus) in a population. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/allele-frequency-298 allele frequency STATO:0000255 the objective of a data transformation to test a null hypothesis of absence of difference withing subject holds. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO between group comparison objective STATO:0000256 a manhattan plot for gwas is a kind of scatter plot used to facilitate presentation of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Genomic coordinates are displayed along the X-axis, with the negative logarithm of the association P-value for each single nucleotide polymorphism displayed on the Y-axis. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan_plot plotGrandLinear(obj, ..., facets, space.skip = 0.01, geom = NULL, cutoff = NULL, cutoff.color = "red", cutoff.size = 1, legend = FALSE, xlim, ylim, xlab, ylab, main) http://www.tengfei.name/ggbio/docs/man/plotGrandLinear.html manhattan plot for gwas STATO:0000257 A domestic group, or a number of domestic groups linked through descent (demonstrated or stipulated) from a common ancestor, marriage, or adoption. import from Population and Community Ontology: http://www.ontobee.org/browser/rdf.php?o=PCO&iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PCO_0000020 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PCO_0000020 family STATO:0000258 a variable is a data item which can assume any of a set of values, either as determined by an agent or as randomly occuring through observation. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from wolfram-alpha (http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=variable) definition 2. and from Oxford English Dictionary: http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/221514?redirectedFrom=variable#eid, definition B,1 variable true true 1 STATO:0000260 repeated measure ANOVA is a kind of ANOVA specifically developed for non-independent observations as found when repeated measurements on the sample experimental unit. repeated measure ANOVA is sensitive to departure from normality (evaluation using Bartlett's test), more so in the case of unbalanced groups (i.e. different sizes of sample populations). Departure from sphericity (evaluation using Mauchly'test) used to be an issue which is now handled robustly by modern tools such as R's lme4 or nlme, which accommodate dependence assumptions other than sphericity. discussion in https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/28 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols ANOVA for correlated samples adapted from wikipedia and https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/repeated-measures-anova-statistical-guide-3.php http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/sas/library/repeated_ut.htm ANOVA for correlated samples http://cran.r-project.org/doc/contrib/Lemon-kickstart/kr_repms.html repeated measure ANOVA 2 1 STATO:0000261 The Newman–Keuls or Student–Newman–Keuls (SNK) method is a stepwise multiple comparisons procedure used to identify sample means that are significantly different from each other. It was named after Student (1927), D. Newman, and M. Keuls. This procedure is often used as a post-hoc test whenever a significant difference between three or more sample means has been revealed by an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Newman–Keuls method is similar to Tukey's range test as both procedures use Studentized range statistics.Compared to Tukey's range test, the Newman–Keuls method is more powerful but less conservative. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: last accessed: 2013-11-15 SNK.test(y, trt, DFerror, MSerror, alpha = 0.05, group=TRUE, main = NULL) http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/agricolae/html/SNK.test.html Newman-Keuls test post-hoc analysis STATO:0000262 Bernoulli distribution is a binomial distribution where the number of trials is equal to 1. notation: B(1,p) The mean is p The variance is p*q Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Bernoulli distribution STATO:0000263 Galbraith (Radial) plot is a scatter plot which can be used in the meta-analytic context to examine the data for heterogeneity. For a fixed-effects model, the plot shows the inverse of the standard errors on the horizontal axis against the individual observed effect sizes or outcomes standardized by their corresponding standard errors on the vertical axis. Radial plots were introduced by Rex Galbraith (1988a, 1988b, 1994). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Galbraith, Rex (1988). "Graphical display of estimates having differing standard errors". Technometrics (Technometrics, Vol. 30, No. 3) 30 (3): 271–281. doi:10.2307/1270081. JSTOR 1270081 radial Galbraith plot http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/Luminescence/docs/plot_RadialPlot plot_RadialPlot(data, na.exclude = TRUE, negatives = "remove", log.z = TRUE, central.value, centrality = "mean.weighted", plot.ratio, bar.col, grid.col, legend.text, summary = FALSE, stats, line, line.col, line.label, output = FALSE, ...) http://www.metafor-project.org/doku.php/plots:radial_plot Galbraith plot STATO:0000264 http://isogenic.info/html/9__treatments.html#factorial a factor level combination is one a possible sets of factor levels resulting from the cartesian product of sets of factor and their levels as defined in a factorial design Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra treatment combination STATO factor level combination STATO:0000265 http://isogenic.info/html/9__treatments.html#factorial A factor level is data item which corresponds to one of the value assumed by a factor or independent variable manipulated and set by the experimentalist. In the context of factorial design, a factor level is assumed to be or treated as a category in a categorical variable Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra treatment AGB-PRS https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/7 factor level STATO:0000266 Bayes factor is a ratio between 2 probabilities of observing data according 2 distinct models. It is used in Bayes model selection to evaluate which model best explains the data. if K<0, the model used in the denominator term is supported, if K>1, the model used in the numerator term is supported. The Bayes factor is about the plausibility of 2 different models Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia last accessed 2013-11-13 Bayes factor STATO:0000267 grouped bar chart is a kind of bar chart which juxtaposes the discrete values for each of the possible value of a given categorical variable, thus providing within group comparison. Grouped bar charts are good for comparing between each element in the categories, and comparing elements across categories. However, the grouping can make it harder to tell the difference between the total of each group. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/numeracy/bar-charts and http://blog.visual.ly/how-groups-stack-up-when-to-use-grouped-vs-stacked-column-charts/ [last accessed: 2014-03-04] barplot(height....) set argument " beside = TRUE " http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/graphics/html/barplot.html grouped bar chart STATO:0000268 A gamma distribution is a general type of continous statistical distribution (related to the beta distribution) that arises naturally in processes for which the waiting times between Poisson distributed events are relevant. Gamma distributions have two free parameters shape k and scale denoted theta . Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/GammaDistribution.html dgamma(x, shape, rate = 1, scale = 1/rate, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/GammaDist.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.gamma.html#scipy.stats.gamma Gamma distribution 2 true 2 STATO:0000269 polychoric correlation coefficient is a correlation coefficient which is computed over 2 variables to characterise an association by proxy with 2 (latent) variables which are assumed to be continuous and normally distributed. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://www.rasch.org/rmt/rmt193c.htm and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychoric_correlation http://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/polycor/ polychor(x, y, ML = FALSE, control = list(), std.err = FALSE, maxcor=.9999) polychoric correlation coefficient 1 STATO:0000270 a full factorial design is a factorial design which ensures that all possible factor level combinations are defined and used so all between group differences can be explored Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra full factorial design STATO:0000271 permutation numbering is a data tranformation allowing to count the number of possible permutations of elements in a set of size n, each element occurring exactly once. This number is factorial n. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO permutation numbering STATO:0000272 The Michaelis constant is the substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is at half-maximum, and is an inverse measure of the substrate's affinity for the enzyme—as a small indicates high affinity, meaning that the rate will approach more quickly.[5] The value of is dependent on both the enzyme and the substrate, as well as conditions such as temperature and pH. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michaelis–Menten_constant last accessed: 22-11-2013 half maximal reaction rate substrate concentration (Km) Michaelis-Menten constant STATO:0000273 A population of two parents and a child. possibly submit to 'Population and Community Ontology' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra child-parent trio parent-child trio parents-child trio child-parents trio STATO:0000274 receiver operational characteristics curve is a graphical plot which illustrates the performance of a binary classifier system as its discrimination threshold (aka cut-off point) is varied by plotting sensitivity vs (1 − specificity) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receiver_operating_characteristic roc.from.table(table, graph = TRUE, add = FALSE, title = FALSE, line.col = "red", auc.coords = NULL, ...) http://rss.acs.unt.edu/Rdoc/library/epicalc/html/roc.html receiver operational characteristics curve 2 STATO:0000275 The transmission disequilibrium test is a statistical test for genetic linkage between genetic marker and a trait in families. The test is robust to population structure. TODO: need to modify restrictions to include family and trio Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra TDT STATO , adapted wikipedia (from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_disequilibrium_test), polled on June,2013 transmission disequilibrium test STATO:0000276 The binomial distribution is a discrete probability distribution which describes the probability of k successes in n draws with replacement from a finite population of size N. The binomial distribution is frequently used to model the number of successes in a sample of size n drawn with replacement from a population of size N. The binomial distribution gives the discrete probability distribution of obtaining exactly n successes out of N Bernoulli trials (where the result of each Bernoulli trial is true with probability p and false with probability q=1-p ) notation: B(n,p) The mean is N*p The variance is N*p*q Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_distribution dbinom(x, size, prob, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Binomial.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.binom.html#scipy.stats.binom binomial distribution STATO:0000277 hit selection is a planned process which in screening processes such as high-throughput screening, lead to the identification of perturbing agent which cause the typical signal generated by a standardized assay to significantly differ from the negative control. The selection hitself results from meeting or exceeding selection threshold (for instance 6 sigma from the mean or SSMD value beyond 5 when compared to positive controls or below -5 when compared to negative controls Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB, PRS adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSMD adapted from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2789971/ hit selection STATO:0000278 TODO pairing rule is a rule which is specifies the criteria for deciding on how to associated any 2 entities. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO pairing rule STATO:0000279 between group comparison statistical test is a statistical test which aims to detect difference between the means computing for each of the study group populations Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra between group comparison statistical test 2 true STATO:0000280 The Pearson's correlation coefficient is a correlation coefficient which evaluates two continuous variables for association strength in a data sample. It assumes that both variables are normally distributed and linearity exists. The coefficient is calculated by dividing their covariance with the product of their individual standard deviations. It is a normalized measurement of how the two are linearly related. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient Pearson's r r statistics STATO, adapted from http://www.r-tutor.com/elementary-statistics/numerical-measures/correlation-coefficient and from: http://stamash.org/pearsons-correlation-coefficient/ http://stamash.org/kendalls-tau-correlation/ cor(x, y = NULL, use = "everything",method = c("pearson")) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/cor.html scipy.stats.pearsonr(x, y) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.pearsonr.html#scipy.stats.pearsonr source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L2427 Pearson's correlation coefficient STATO:0000282 F statistic is a statistic computed from observations and used to produce a p-value in statistical test when compared to a F distribution. the F statistic is the ratio of two scaled sums of squares reflecting different sources of variability Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO F F-statistic STATO:0000283 negative binomial probability distribution is a discrete probability distribution of the number of successes in a sequence of Bernoulli trials before a specified (non-random) number of failures (denoted r) occur. The negative binomial distribution, also known as the Pascal distribution or Pólya distribution, gives the probability of r-1 successes and x failures in x+r-1 trials, and success on the (x+r)th trial. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Pascal distribution Pólya distribution http://mathworld.wolfram.com/NegativeBinomialDistribution.html dnbinom(x, size, prob, mu, log = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/NegBinomial.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.nbinom.html#scipy.stats.nbinom negative binomial distribution STATO:0000284 Breusch-Pagan test is a statistical test which computes a score test of the hypothesis of constant error variance against the alternative that the error variance changes with the level of the response (fitted values), or with a linear combination of predictors. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Breusch, T. S. and Pagan, A. R. (1979) A simple test for heteroscedasticity and random coefficient variation. Econometrica 47, 1287--1294. and adapted from: http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/car/docs/ncvTest last accessed [2014-03-15] http://hosho.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/~kubo/Rdoc/library/lmtest/html/bptest.html bptest(formula, varformula = NULL, studentize = TRUE, data = list()) or http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/car/docs/ncvTest Breusch-Pagan test STATO:0000285 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=17182697 Bioinformatics. 2007 Feb 15;23(4):401-7. Enrichment or depletion of a GO category within a class of genes: which test? Rivals I1, Personnaz L, Taing L, Potier MC. hypergeometric test is a null hypothesis test which evaluates if a random variable follows a hypergeometric distribution. It is a test of goodness of fit to that distribution. The test is suited for situation aimed at assessing cases of sampling from a finite set without replacements. For instance, testing for enrichment or depletion of elements (e.g GO categories, genes) Added following a term request by Chris Mungall: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/6 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra phyper(q, m, n, k, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) lower.tail logical; if TRUE (default), probabilities are P[X ≤ x], otherwise, P[X > x]. http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/Hypergeometric.html hypergeometric test 0 STATO:0000286 a one-tailed test is a statistical test which, assuming an unskewed probability distribution, allocates all of the significance level to evaluate only one hypothesis to explain a difference. The one-tailed test provides more power to detect an effect in one direction by not testing the effect in the other direction. one-tailed test should be preceded by two-tailed test in order to avoid missing out on detecting alternate effect explaining an observed difference. Added following a term request by Chris Mungall: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/6 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra one sided test adapted from: http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/mult_pkg/faq/general/tail_tests.htm one tailed test 0 STATO:0000287 For example, we may wish to compare the mean of a sample to a given value x using a t-test. Our null hypothesis is that the mean is equal to x. A two-tailed test will test both if the mean is significantly greater than x and if the mean significantly less than x. The mean is considered significantly different from x if the test statistic is in the top 2.5% or bottom 2.5% of its probability distribution, resulting in a p-value less than 0.05. a two tailed test is a statistical test which assess the null hypothesis of absence of difference assuming a symmetric (not skewed) underlying probability distribution by allocating half of the significance level selected to each of the direction of change which could explain a difference (for example, a difference can be an excess or a loss). Added following a term request by Chris Mungall: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/6 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra two sided test adapted from: http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/mult_pkg/faq/general/tail_tests.htm two tailed test STATO:0000288 A null hypothesis which states that no difference exists between 2 or more groups being considered. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO absence of difference hypothesis STATO:0000289 let's consider an experiment evaluating 2 compounds (aspirin & ibuprofen) at 3 distinct dose levels (low, medium, high) and 4 time points post exposure (0h, 6h, 12h, 24h). Assuming the treatments are applied only once (no replication), the number of observation in a full factorial design is 2 x 3 x 4 = 24 so the design matrix would have 24 rows and 3 columns (1 per factor (independent variable). a design matrix is an information content entity which denotes a study design. The design matrix is a n by m matrix where n the number of rows, corresponds to the number of observations (4 rows if quadruplicates) and where m, the number of columns corresponds to the number of independent variables. Each element in the matrix correspond to a discretized value representing one of the factor levels for a given factor. A design matrix can be used as input to statistical modeling or statistical analysis. The design matrix contains data on the independent variables (also called explanatory variables) in statistical models which attempt to explain observed data on a response variable (often called a dependent variable) in terms of the explanatory variables. The theory relating to such models makes substantial use of matrix manipulations involving the design matrix: see for example linear regression. A notable feature of the concept of a design matrix is that it is able to represent a number of different experimental designs and statistical models, e.g., ANOVA, ANCOVA, and linear regression Added following a term request by Nolan Nichols: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/9 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra model matrix adapted from: Design of Experiments: Principles and Applications edited by Lennart Eriksson, 1999-2008 Umetrics. ISBN-13:978-91-973730-4-3 and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_matrix [last accessed: 22-05-2014] model.matrix(object, data = environment(object), contrasts.arg = NULL, xlev = NULL, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/model.matrix.html design matrix STATO:0000290 A contrast is the weighted sum of group means, the c_j coefficients represent the assigned weights of the means (these must sum to 0 for orthogonal contrasts) Term request by Nolan Nichols via https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/9 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrast_%28statistics%29 contrasts(x, contrasts = TRUE, sparse = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/contrasts.html contrast STATO:0000291 a quantile is a data item which corresponds to specific elements x in the range of a variate X. the k-th n-tile P_k is that value of x, say x_k, which corresponds to a cumulative frequency of Nk/n (Kenney and Keeping 1962). If n=4, the quantity is called a quartile, and if n=100, it is called a percentile. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Evans, M.; Hastings, N.; and Peacock, B. Statistical Distributions, 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 2000. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Quantile.html quantile STATO:0000292 a decile is a quantile where n=10 and which splits data into sections accrued of 10% of data, so the first decile delineates 10% of the data, the second decile delineates 20% of the data and the nineth decile, 90 % of the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO decile STATO:0000293 a percentile is a quantile which splits data into sections accrued of 1% of data, so the first percentile delineates 1% of the data, the second quartile delineates 2% of the data and the 99th percentile, 99 % of the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO percentile STATO:0000294 absence of negative difference hypothesis is a hypothesis which assumes that a difference significantly less than a threshold does not exist. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO absence of negative difference hypothesis STATO:0000295 absence of negative difference hypothesis is a hypothesis which assumes that a difference significantly greater than a threshold does not exist. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO absence of positive difference hypothesis STATO:0000296 absence of depletion difference hypothesis is a hypothesis which assumes that the representation of an element significantly greater than a threshold does not exist. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra absence of over representation hypothesis STATO absence of enrichment hypothesis STATO:0000297 absence of depletion difference hypothesis is a hypothesis which assumes that the representation of an element significantly less than a threshold does not exist. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra absence of under representation hypothesis STATO absence of depletion hypothesis STATO:0000298 a binomial test is a statistical hypothesis test which evaluates if the observations made about a Bernoulli experiment , that is an experiment which tests the statistical significance of deviations from a theoretically expected distribution (the binomial distribution) of observations into 2 categories. It is a goodness of fit test. Added following a term request by Chris Mungall: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/6 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_test binomial test binom.test(x, n, p = 0.5, alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater"), conf.level = 0.95) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/binom.test.html scipy.stats.binom_test(x, n=None, p=0.5) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.binom_test.html#scipy.stats.binom_test source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/morestats.py#L1605 exact binomial test STATO:0000299 Evaluation of statistical inference on empirical resting state fMRI. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2014 Apr;61(4):1091-9. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2013.2294013. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24658234 Statistical inference is the process of deducing properties of an underlying probability distribution by analysis of data. Added following a term request by Nolan Nichols: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/12 Definition changed according to discussions in https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/55 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra The definition cited from Wikipedia is from: Upton, G., Cook, I. (2008) Oxford Dictionary of Statistics, OUP. ISBN 978-0-19-954145-4 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_inference statistical inference STATO:0000300 A ratio where the numerator and denominator are expressed in the same unit. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO dimensionless ratio dimensionless ratio 2 2 STATO:0000301 The covariance is a measurement data item about the strength of correlation between a set (2 or more) of random variables. The covariance is obtained by forming: cov(X,Y)=E([X-E(X)][Y-E(Y)] where E(X), E(Y) is the expected value (mean) of variable X and Y respectively. covariance is symmetric so cov(X,Y)=cov(Y,X). The covariance is usefull when looking at the variance of the sum of the 2 random variables since: var(X+Y) = var(X) +var(Y) +2cov(X,Y) The covariance cov(x,y) is used to obtain the coefficient of correlation cor(x,y) by normalizing (dividing) cov(x,y) but the product of the standard deviations of x and y. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Covariance.html covariance cov(x, y = NULL, use = "everything", method = c("pearson", "kendall", "spearman")) from: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/cor.html covariance STATO:0000302 one sample t-test is a kind of Student's t-test which evaluates if a given sample can be reasonably assumed to be taken from the population. The test compares the sample statistic (m) to the population parameter (M). The one sample t-test is the small sample analog of the z test, which is suitable for large samples. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from various sources, including: Practical Statistics for Medical Research by D.Altman. ISBN: 0-412-27630-5 http://www.psychology.emory.edu/clinical/bliwise/Tutorials/TOM/meanstests/tone.htm one sample t-test t.test(x = NULL, alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater"), mu = 0, paired = FALSE, var.equal = FALSE, conf.level = 0.95, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/t.test.html scipy.stats.ttest_1samp(a, popmean, axis=0) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.ttest_1samp.html#scipy.stats.ttest_1samp source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L3194 one sample t-test 1 true 2 STATO:0000303 two sample t-test is a null hypothesis statistical test which is used to reject or accept the hypothesis of absence of difference between the means over 2 randomly sampled populations. It uses a t-distribution for the test and assumes that the variables in the population are normally distributed and with equal variances. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra two sample t-test adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student's_t-test#Independent_.28unpaired.29_samples and from: http://www.psychology.emory.edu/clinical/bliwise/Tutorials/TOM/meanstests/tind.htm t-test for independent means assuming equal variance t.test(x, y = NULL, alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater"), mu = 0, paired = FALSE, var.equal = TRUE, conf.level = 0.95, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/t.test.html scipy.stats.ttest_ind(a, b, axis=0, equal_var=True) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.ttest_ind.html#scipy.stats.ttest_ind source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L3271 two sample t-test with equal variance 2 1 true 2 STATO:0000304 Welch t-test is a two sample t-test used when the variances of the 2 populations/samples are thought to be unequal (homoskedasticity hypothesis not verified). In this version of the two-sample t-test, the denominator used to form the t-statistics, does not rely on a 'pooled variance' estimate. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Welsh t-test Welch, B. L. (1947). "The generalization of "Student's" problem when several different population variances are involved". Biometrika 34 (1–2): 28–35. doi:10.1093/biomet/34.1-2.28 adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welch's_t_test last accessed: 2014-05-06 t-test for independent means assuming unequal variance t.test(x, y = NULL, alternative = c("two.sided", "less", "greater"), mu = 0, paired = FALSE, var.equal = FALSE, conf.level = 0.95, ...) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/t.test.html scipy.stats.ttest_ind(a, b, axis=0, equal_var=False) http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.ttest_ind.html#scipy.stats.ttest_ind source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy/blob/v0.15.1/scipy/stats/stats.py#L3271 two sample t-test with unequal variance STATO:0000305 A Helmert contrast is a contrast in which the coefficients for the Helmert regressors compare each level with the average of the “preceding” ones Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.clayford.net/statistics/tag/helmert-contrasts/ An R and S-Plus Companion to Applied Regression. John Fox ISBN-13: 978-0761922803 contr.helmert(n, contrasts = TRUE, sparse = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/contrast.html Helmert contrast STATO:0000306 a polynomial contrast is a contrast which... Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra contr.poly(n, scores = 1:n, contrasts = TRUE, sparse = FALSE) from: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/contrast.html polynomial contrast STATO:0000307 treatment contrast is a contrast which allows to test how linear model coefficients of categorical variables are interpreted in case where the “first” level (aka, the baseline) is included into the intercept and all subsequent levels have a coefficient that represents their difference from the baseline. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from multiple sources: http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/spssstat/v20r0m0/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.spss.statistics.help%2Fidh_idd_genlin_emmeans.htm http://www.clayford.net/statistics/tag/helmert-contrasts/ http://www.aliquote.org/articles/tech/contrasts.html contr.treatment(n, base = 1, contrasts = TRUE, sparse = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/contrast.html treatment contrast STATO:0000308 the sum contrast is a contrast in which each coefficient compares the corresponding level of the factor to the average of the other levels Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.clayford.net/statistics/tag/helmert-contrasts/ An R and S-Plus Companion to Applied Regression. John Fox ISBN-13: 978-0761922803 contr.sum(n, contrasts = TRUE, sparse = FALSE) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/contrast.html sum contrast 2 STATO:0000309 Pearson's Chi-Squared test for goodnes of fit is a statistical null hypothesis test which is used to either evaluate goodness of fit of dataset to a Chi-Squared distribution Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Chi2 test for goodness of fit adapted from: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/chisq.test.html and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson's_chi-squared_test http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/chisq.test.html chisq.test(x = NULL, correct = FALSE, p = rep(1/length(x), length(x)), rescale.p = FALSE, simulate.p.value = FALSE, B = 2000) Pearson's Chi square test of goodness of fit 1 2 2 STATO:0000310 Barnard's test is an exact statistical test used to determine if there are nonrandom associations between two categorical variables. It was developed in 1949 by Barnard and is a test which is, most times, more powerfull that the Fisher exact test duplicate with OBI_0200176. so either MIREOT and add metadata and axioms or move from OBI Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard's_test and G A Barnard (1945) "A New Test for 2X2 Tables", Nature, 156, 177 & 783. Barnard's test barnardw.test(n1, n2, n3, n4, dp = 0.001, verbose = FALSE) from http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/Barnard/docs/barnardw.test Barnard's test STATO:0000311 a central composite design is a study design which contains an imbedded factorial or fractional factorial design with center points that is augmented with a group of so-called 'star points' that allow estimation of curvature. A CCD design with k factors has 2k star points. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri3361.htm Box-Wilson Central Composite Design cd(basis, generators, blocks = "Block", n0 = 4, alpha = "orthogonal", wbreps = 1, bbreps = 1, randomize = TRUE, inscribed = FALSE, coding) http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/rsm/html/ccd.html central composite design STATO:0000312 The Box-Behnken design is an independent quadratic design in that it does not contain an embedded factorial or fractional factorial design. In this design the treatment combinations are at the midpoints of edges of the process space and at the center. These designs are rotatable (or near rotatable) and require 3 levels of each factor. The designs have limited capability for orthogonal blocking compared to the central composite designs. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri3362.htm bbd(k, n0 = 4, block = (k == 4 | k == 5), randomize = TRUE, coding) from: http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/rsm/html/bbd.html Box–Behnkens design STATO:0000313 Plackett-Burman design is a type of study design optimizing multifactorial experiments characterized by their parsimony and economy with the run number a multiple of 4 (rather than a power of 2). Plackett-Burman design is often used for screening experiments where the main effect is often heavily confounded with two-factor interactions. This type of design is very useful for economically detecting large main effects, assuming all interactions are negligible when compared with the few important main effects. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/pri/section3/pri335.htm pb(nruns, nfactors = nruns - 1, factor.names = if (nfactors <= 50) Letters[1:nfactors] else paste("F", 1:nfactors, sep = ""), default.levels = c(-1, 1), ncenter=0, center.distribute=NULL, boxtyssedal = TRUE, n12.taguchi = FALSE, replications = 1, repeat.only = FALSE, randomize = TRUE, seed = NULL, oldver = FALSE, ...) from: http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/FrF2/docs/pb Plackett-Burman design STATO:0000314 upper confidence limit is a data item which is a largest value bounding a confidence interval Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO upper confidence limit STATO:0000315 lower confidence limit is a data item which is a lowest value bounding a confidence interval Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO lower confidence limit STATO:0000316 root-mean-square standardized effect is a data item which denotes effect size in the context of analysis of variance and corresponds to the square root of the arithmetic average of p standardized effects (effects normalized to be expressed in standard deviation units). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Ψ http://www.statpower.net/Steiger%20Biblio/Steiger04.pdf RMSSE root-mean-square standardized effect STATO:0000317 Eta-squared is a biased estimator of the variance explained by the model in the population (it estimates only the effect size in the sample). Eta-squared describes the ratio of variance explained in the dependent variable by a predictor while controlling for other predictors, making it analogous to the r2. This estimate shares the weakness with r2 that each additional variable will automatically increase the value of η2. In addition, it measures the variance explained of the sample, not the population, meaning that it will always overestimate the effect size, although the bias grows smaller as the sample grows larger. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_size#Eta-squared.2C_.CE.B72 η2 eta-squared STATO:0000318 omega-squared is a effect size estimate for variance explained which is less biased than the eta-squared coefficient. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_size#Omega-squared.2C_.CF.892 ω2 omega-squared STATO:0000319 Hedges's g is an estimator of effect size, which is similar to Cohen's d and is a measure based on a standardized difference. However, the denominator, corresponding to a pooled standard deviation, is computed differently from Cohen's d coefficient, by applying a correction factor (which involves a Gamma function). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_size#Cohen.27s_d and http://blog.stata.com/tag/cohens-d/ Hedges's g STATO:0000320 Glass's delta is an estimator of effect size which is similar to Cohen's d but where the denominator corresponds only to the standard deviation of the control group (or second group). It is considered less biais than the Cohen's d for estimating effect sizes based on means and distances between means. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effect_size#Cohen.27s_d and http://blog.stata.com/tag/cohens-d/ Glass's delta 0 STATO:0000321 Probability distribution estimated empirically on the data without assumptions on the shape of the probability distribution. Camille Maumet Karl Helmer Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols Initially discussed at https://github.com/incf-nidash/nidm/pull/191 non-parametric distribution STATO:0000322 http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/nparcomp/html/weight.matrix.html a contrast weight is a coefficient which multiplies a group mean, part of a linear combinaison defining a constrast as a weighted sum of group means, giving a 'weight' to a specific group mean hence the name. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols adapted from wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrast_%28statistics%29 contrast coefficient contrast weight STATO:0000323 [1,0,0] a contrast weight matrix is a information content entity which holds a set of contrast weight, coefficient used in a weighting sum of means defining a contrast Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols STATO contrast weights contrast weight matrix STATO:0000324 contrast weight estimate is a model parameter estimate which results from the computation from the data and that is used as input to a model fitting process Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols STATO contrast weight estimate STATO:0000325 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7791040 The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is a measure of the relative quality of a statistical model for a given set of data. As such, AIC provides a means for model selection. AIC is defined as: AIC = 2K - 2log(L) where K is the number of predictors and L is the maximized likelihood value. AIC deals with the trade-off between the goodness of fit of the model and the complexity of the model. It is founded on information theory: it offers a relative estimate of the information lost when a given model is used to represent the process that generates the data. AIC does not provide a test of a model in the sense of testing a null hypothesis; i.e. AIC can tell nothing about the quality of the model in an absolute sense. If all the candidate models fit poorly, AIC will not give any warning of that. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akaike_information_criterion and http://users.ecs.soton.ac.uk/jn2/teaching/aic.pdf AIC AIC(object, ..., k = 2) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/AIC.html Akaike information criterion STATO:0000326 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19761098 corrected Akaike information criteria is a modified version of the Akaike information criterion. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra CAIC corrected Akaike information criterion STATO:0000327 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7791040 Bayesian information criterion or Schwartz's Bayesian information criterion is a criterion for model selection among a finite set of models. It is based, in part, on the likelihood function and it is closely related to the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Given any two estimated models, the model with the lower value of BIC is the one to be preferred. The BIC is an increasing function of sigma_e^2 and an increasing function of k. That is, unexplained variation in the dependent variable and the number of explanatory variables increase the value of BIC. Hence, lower BIC implies either fewer explanatory variables, better fit, or both. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Schwarz, Gideon E. (1978). "Estimating the dimension of a model". Annals of Statistics 6 (2): 461–464. doi:10.1214/aos/1176344136. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_information_criterion BIC SBIC Schwartz's Baeysian information criterion Bayesian information criterion 2 STATO:0000328 A statistical model selection is a data transformation which is based on computing a relative quality value in order to evaluate and select which model best explains data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistical model selection 0 0 STATO:0000329 Probability distribution which has no skew so its skewness=0 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols STATO symmetric distribution STATO:0000330 Probability distribution estimated empirically from all acquired data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/EmpiricalDistribution.html empirical distribution STATO:0000331 Probability distribution estimated empirically on the data following a binning process Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols histogram distribution STATO:0000332 Probability distribution estimated using a smooth kernel function to avoid making assumptions about the distribution of the data. The kernel density estimator is the estimated probability density function (pdf) of the random variable. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://uk.mathworks.com/help/stats/kernel-distribution.html and http://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SmoothKernelDistribution.html smooth kernel distribution STATO:0000333 kernel density estimation (KDE) is a non-parametric way to estimate the probability density function of a random variable Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_density_estimation https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/KernelMixtureDistribution.html kernel mixture distribution STATO:0000334 Mixture distribution is the probability distribution of a random variable that is derived from a collection of other random variables as follows: first, a random variable is selected by chance from the collection according to given probabilities of selection, and then the value of the selected random variable is realized. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixture_distribution mixture distribution STATO:0000335 Probability distribution estimated empirically from a censored lifetime data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/SurvivalDistribution.html survival distribution STATO:0000336 best linear unbiased prediction is a data transformation which predicts <TDB> under the assumption that the variable(s) under consideration have a random effect Philippe Rocca-Serra Henderson C. R., 1984 Applications of Linear Models in Animal Breeding. University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. ftp://tech.obihiro.ac.jp/suzuki/Henderson.pdf BLUP best linear unbiased predictor of the random effect conditional mode of the random effect best linear unbiased predictor STATO:0000337 breeding value estimation is a data transformation process aiming at computing breeding value estimates of an organism given a set of genomic (SNP) observations, pedigree information and/or phenotypic observations. Philippe Rocca-Serra breeding value estimation STATO:0000338 breeding value estimation is a data transformation process aiming at computing breeding value estimates of an organism given a set of genomic (SNP) observations. Philippe Rocca-Serra breeding value estimation using genotype data STATO:0000339 breeding value estimation is a data transformation process aiming at computing breeding value estimates of an organism given a set of pedigree information. Philippe Rocca-Serra breeding value estimation using pedigree data STATO:0000340 breeding value estimation is a data transformation process aiming at computing breeding value estimates of an organism given a set of phenotypic observations. Philippe Rocca-Serra breeding value estimation using phenotypic data STATO:0000342 Philippe Rocca-Serra genomic selection objective STATO:0000343 a dataset which is made up of genotypic information, that is presenting allele information at specific loci in a set of individuals of an organism. Philippe Rocca-Serra genotype data set STATO:0000346 a covariance structure is a data item which is part of a regression model and which indicates a pattern in the covariance matrix. The nature of covariance structure is specified before the regression analysis and various covariance structure may be tested and evaluated using information criteria to help choose the most suiteable model Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://www3.nd.edu/~kyuan/courses/sem/readpapers/benter.pdf covariance structure STATO:0000347 Given two sets of locations computes the Matern cross covariance matrix for covariances among all pairings. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols Matern covariance function http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/fields/versions/2.3/topics/matern.cov matern.cov Matern function anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000348 The rational quadratic covariance function is used in spatial statistics, geostatistics, machine learning, image analysis, and other fields where multivariate statistical analysis is conducted on metric spaces. It is commonly used to define the statistical covariance between measurements made at two points that are d units distant from each other. Since the covariance only depends on distances between points, it is stationary. If the distance is Euclidean distance, the rational quadratic covariance function is also isotropic. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rational_quadratic_covariance_function http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corRatio.html rational quadratic anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000349 spatial linear geometric anisotropic covariance structure is a type of covariance structure characterized by its anisotropy, i.e., the variation of properties can be different in directions x and y, which is this case give linear features. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols SP(LINGA) http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corLin.html spatial linear geometric anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000350 spatial spherical geometric anisotropic covariance structure is a type of covariance structure characterized by its anisotropy, i.e., the variation of properties can be different in directions x and y, which is this case give spherical features. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm SP(SPHGA) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corSpher.html spatial spherical geometric anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000351 spatial gaussian geometric anisotropic covariance structure is a type of covariance structure characterized by its anisotropy, i.e., the variation of properties can be different in directions x and y, which is this case give gaussian features. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols SP(GAUGA) http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corGaus.html spatial gaussian geometric anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000352 spatial exponential geometric anisotropic covariance structure is a type of covariance structure characterized by its anisotropy, i.e., the variation of properties can be different in directions x and y, which is this case give exponential features. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols SP(EXPGA) http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm spatial exponential geometric anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000353 spatial exponential anisotropic covariance structure is a type of covariance structure characterized by its anisotropy, i.e., the variation of properties can be different in directions x and y, which is this case give exponential features. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols SP(EXPA)(c-list) http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm Sacks et al. (1989) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corExp.html spatial exponential anisotropic covariance structure STATO:0000354 the banded heterogeneous Toeplitz covariance structure is a type of coviance structure which is often used to analyzed and intepret repeated measure design. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm TOEPH(q) banded heterogeneous Toeplitz covariance structure STATO:0000355 This covariance structure has heterogenous variances and heterogenous correlations between elements. The correlation between adjacent elements is homogenous across pairs of adjacent elements. The correlation between elements separated by a third is again homogenous, and so on. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols TOEPH http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm as well as: https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSLVMB_23.0.0/spss/advanced/covariance_structures.html heterogeneous Toeplitz covariance structure STATO:0000356 A banded Toeplitz structure, defined by parameter q, can be viewed as a moving-average structure with order q-1. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm TOEP(q) banded Toeplitz covariance structure STATO:0000357 The Toeplitz covariance structure has homogenous variances and heterogenous correlations between elements. The correlation between adjacent elements is homogenous across pairs of adjacent elements. The correlation between elements separated by a third is again homogenous, and so on. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSLVMB_23.0.0/spss/advanced/covariance_structures.html TOEP Toeplitz covariance structure STATO:0000358 a form of covariance structure used to provide analysis ground s in the context of repeated measures datasets (longitudinal, time series) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols HF http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm Huynh and Feldt 1970 Huynh-Feldt covariance structure STATO:0000359 factor-analytic structure is a covariance structure which is specified for q factors equal diagonal factor-analytic covariance structure is a type of factor analytic covariance structure specified for q factors, which includes a diagonal component for repeated measures. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm FA1(q) equal diagonal Factor Analytic covariance structure STATO:0000360 no diagonal factor-analytic covariance structure is a type of factor analytic covariance structure specified for q factors, which does not include a diagonal component for repeated measures. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm FA0(q) no diagonal Factor Analytic covariance structure STATO:0000361 factor-analytic structure is a type of heterogeneous covariance structure which is specified for q factors Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols adapted from: Heterogeneous Variance: Covariance Structures for Repeated Measures Russell D. Wolfinger. Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics Vol. 1, No. 2 (Jun., 1996), pp. 205-230. https://doi.org/10.2307/1400366 and http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm Jennrich and Schluchter 1986 FA(q) Factor Analytic covariance structure STATO:0000362 compound symmetry covariance structure is a covariance structure which means that all the variances are equal and all the covariances are equal. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm CS http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corCompSymm.html compound symmetry covariance structure STATO:0000363 heterogenous compound symmetry structure is a compound symmetry covariance structure which has a different variance parameter for each diagonal element, and it uses the square roots of these parameters in the off-diagonal entries. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm CSH heterogeneous compound symmetry covariance structure STATO:0000364 first order autoregressive moving average covariance structure is a type of covariance structure which is used in the context of time series analysis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols ARMA(1,1) http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corARMA.html first order autoregressive moving average covariance structure STATO:0000365 first order autoregressive covariance structure is a covariance structure where correlations among errors decline exponentially with distance Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm AR(1) http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/corAR1.html first order autoregressive covariance structure STATO:0000366 This is an homogeneous structure, i.e. the variance along the main diagonal is constant. The covariances decline exponentially. It has only 2 parameters. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm ARH(1) heterogeneous first-order autoregressive covariance structure STATO:0000367 Ante-dependence covariance structure is a covariance structure which specifies that the covariance between two time points is a function of the product of variances at both points (hence allowing hetrogenity of error variance across measures to affect the correlation) and the product of the correlations at the distances up to the one chosen. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm ANTE(1) Ante-dependence covariance structure STATO:0000368 Mallows' Cp is a data item which compares the precision and bias of the full model to models with a subset of the predictors thus helping to choose between multiple regression models. the mallows cp is a function of the number of parameter used in the model relying on the residuals sum of squares to compute a score. the smaller Cp is, the better the model fit is. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://support.minitab.com/en-us/minitab/17/topic-library/modeling-statistics/regression-and-correlation/goodness-of-fit-statistics/what-is-mallows-cp/ http://ugrad.stat.ubc.ca/R/library/locfit/html/cp.html Mallows' Cp STATO:0000369 repeated measure analysis is a kind of data transformation which deals with signals measured in the same experimental units at different times and, possibly, under different conditions over a period of time. Data produced by longitudinal studies qualify for such analysis. Since measurements are made on the same experimental units a number of times, they are likely to be correlated. Repeated measure analysis usually takes into consideration the possibility of correlation with time. It does so by specifying covariance structure in the analysis Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from https://ciser.cornell.edu/sasdoc/saspdf/analyst/chap16.pdf repeated measure analysis repeated measure analysis STATO:0000370 the ordinary least squares estimation is a model parameter estimation for a linear regression model when the errors are uncorrelated and equal in variance. Is the Best Linear Unbiased Estimation (BLUE) method under these assumptions, Uniformly Minimum-Variance Unbiased Estimator (UMVUE) with addition of a Gaussian assumption. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinary_least_squares and Tom Nichols OLS estimation https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/lm.html ordinary least squares estimation STATO:0000371 the weighted least squares estimation is a model parameter estimation for a linear regression model with errors that independent but have heterogeneous variance. Difficult to use use in practice, as weights must be set based on the variance which is usually unknown. If true variance is known, it is the Best Linear Unbiased Estimation (BLUE) method under these assumptions, Uniformly Minimum-Variance Unbiased Estimator (UMVUE) with addition of a Gaussian assumption. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_squares#Weighted_least_squares and Tom Nichols WLS estimation https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/lm.html weighted least squares estimation STATO:0000372 the generalized least squares estimation is a model parameter estimation for a linear regression model with errors that are dependent and (possibly) have heterogeneous variance. Difficult to use use in practice, as covariance matrix of the errors must known to "whiten" data and model. If true covariance is known, it is the Best Linear Unbiased Estimation (BLUE) method under these assumptions, Uniformly Minimum-Variance Unbiased Estimator (UMVUE) with addition of a Gaussian assumption. Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized_least_squares and Tom Nichols GLS estimation http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/nlme/html/gls.html generalized least squares estimation STATO:0000373 the iteratively reweighted least squares estimation is a model parameter estimation which is a practical implementation of Weighted Least Squares, where the heterogeneous variances of the errors are estimated from the residuals of the regression model, providing an estimate for the weights. Each successive estimate of the weights improves the estimation of the regression parameters, which in turn are used to compute residuals and update the weights Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols Tom Nichols iteratively reweighted least squares estimation STATO:0000374 the feasible generalized least squares estimation is a model parameter estimation which is a practical implementation of Generalised Least Squares, where the covariance of the errors is estimated from the residuals of the regression model, providing the information needed to whiten the data and model. Each successive estimate of the whitening matrix improves the estimation of the regression parameters, which in turn are used to compute residuals and update the whitening matrix. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols Tom Nichols feasible generalized least squares estimation STATO:0000375 used as an unbiased estimator of teh variance for a regression model a residual mean square is a data item which is obtained by dividing the sum of squared residuals (SSR) by the number of degrees of freedom Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_squared_error#Regression http://support.minitab.com/en-us/minitab/17/topic-library/modeling-statistics/anova/anova-statistics/understanding-mean-squares/ https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/35 MSE error mean square residual mean square STATO:0000376 Z-statistic is a statistic computed from observations and used to produce a p-value when compared to a Standard Normal Distribution in a statistical test called the Z-test. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maument Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-test Z-statistic STATO:0000377 Deviance is an indicator of fit and can be estimated by computing -2 times the log-likelihood ratio of the fitted model compared to a saturated(full) model. It is a generalization of the idea of using the sum of squares of residuals in ordinary least squares to cases where model-fitting is achieved by maximum likelihood. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deviance_%28statistics%29 deviance https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/deviance.html deviance STATO:0000378 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682718/ The deviance information criterion (DIC) is a hierarchical modeling generalization of the AIC (Akaike information criterion) and BIC (Bayesian information criterion, also known as the Schwarz criterion). It is particularly useful in Bayesian model selection problems where the posterior distributions of the models have been obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation. Like AIC and BIC it is an asymptotic approximation as the sample size becomes large. It is only valid when the posterior distribution is approximately multivariate normal. The deviance information criterion was published in 2002 by Spiegelhalter et al. Spiegelhalter, D. J., N. G. Best, B. P. Carlin, and A. van der Linde, 2002. Bayesian measures of model complexity and fit. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, B, 64, 583-639. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deviance_information_criterion DIC http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/SpatialExtremes/html/DIC.html deviance information criterion STATO:0000379 The focused information criterion is a measurement data item which aims at facilitating model selection. It was published in 2003 by Claeskens, G. and Hjort, N.L. (2003). "The focused information criterion". Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Journal of the American Statistical Association, volume 98, pp. 879–899. doi:10.1198/016214503000000819 FIC focused information criterion STATO:0000383 a data transformation that finds a contrast value (the contrast estimate) by computing the weighted sum of model parameter estimates using a set of contrast weights. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/pull/37 contrast estimation STATO:0000384 estimate of a contrast obtained by computing the weighted sum of model parameter estimates using a set of contrast weights. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/pull/37 contrast estimate STATO:0000385 an estimate of the standard deviation of a contrast estimate sampling distribution. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/pull/37 standard error of a contrast estimate STATO:0000386 A scree plot is a graphical display of the variance of each component in the dataset which is used to determine how many components should be retained in order to explain a high percentage of the variation in the data Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.stats.gla.ac.uk/glossary/?q=node/451 Cattell scree test plot screeplot(x, npcs = min(10, length(x$sdev)), type = c("barplot", "lines"), main = deparse(substitute(x)), ...) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/screeplot.html scree plot STATO:0000387 A scatterplot matrix contains all the pairwise scatter plots of a set of variables on a single page in a matrix format. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra Adapted from http://itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda33qb.htm scatterplot matrix STATO:0000388 The alpha distribution is a continuous probability distribution whose density function is as defined at: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-1.0.0/reference/tutorial/stats/continuous_alpha.html Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-1.0.0/reference/tutorial/stats/continuous_alpha.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.alpha.html#scipy.stats.alpha alpha distribution STATO:0000389 a power-law probability distribution is a probability distribution whose density function (or mass function in the discrete case) has the form p(x) = L(x) . x^{-alpha} where alpha is a parameter >1 and L(x) is a slowly varying function. adapted from wikipedia and wolfram alpha: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_law#Power-law_probability_distributions last accessed: 2015-11-03 https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/poweRlaw/index.html http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.stats.powerlaw.html#scipy.stats.powerlaw power law distribution STATO:0000390 A regression model is a statistical model used in a type of analysis knowns as regression analysis, whereby a function is used to determine the relation between a response variable and an independent variable , with a set of unknown parameters. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysis#Regression_models last accessed: 2015-11-03 regression model STATO:0000392 The Pareto distribution is a continuous probability distribution, which is defined by the follwoing probability density (1) function and distribution function (2) (1): P(x)=(ab^a)/(x^(a+1)) (2): D(x)=1-(b/x)^a defined over the interval x>=b. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapter from: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ParetoDistribution.html last accessed: 2015-11-04 http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/r-help/library/LaplacesDemon/html/dist.Pareto.html last accessed: 2015-11-04 Usage >dpareto(x, alpha, log=FALSE) >ppareto(q, alpha) >qpareto(p, alpha) >rpareto(n, alpha) Arguments x,q These are each a vector of quantiles. p This is a vector of probabilities. n This is the number of observations, which must be a positive integer that has length 1. alpha This is the shape parameter alpha, which must be positive. log Logical. If log=TRUE, then the logarithm of the density or result is returned. Pareto type-I probability distribution STATO:0000393 the Pareto type-II probability distribution is a continuous probability distribution which is defined by a probability density function characterized by 2 parameters, alpha and lambda, 2 real, strictly positive numbers. alpha is known as the shape parameter while lambda is known as the scale parameter. the function defines the probably of a continous random variable according to the following: p(x) = {\alpha \over \lambda} \left[{1+ {x \over \lambda}}\right]^{-(\alpha+1)}, \qquad x \geq 0, Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomax_distribution Lomax distribution http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/actuar/docs/Pareto dpareto(x, shape, scale, log = FALSE) Pareto type-II probability distribution STATO:0000394 The Pareto(III) distribution is a continous probability distribution which is described with a cumulative distribution function of the following form: F(x) = 1 − [1 + ((x − mu)/sigma)1/gamma]−1 for x > mu, sigma > 0, gamma > 0 and s =1. a is the location parameter, b is the scale parameter, g is the inequality parameter s is the shape parameter of value 1 The Pareto III distribution corresponds to a Pareto Type IV distribution where the shape parameter has a value of 1. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_distribution#Pareto_types_I.E2.80.93IV last accessed: 2015-11-04 Pareto type-III probability distribution STATO:0000395 The Pareto(IV) distribution is a continous probability distribution which is described with a cumulative distribution function of the following form: F(y) = 1 − [1 + ((y − a)/b)1/g]−s for y > a, b > 0, g > 0 and s > 0. a is the location parameter, b is the scale parameter, g is the inequality parameter s is the shape parameter The distribution is used in actuarial science, economics, finance and telecommunications, but not restricted to those fields. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/VGAM/VGAM.pdf page 517 dparetoIV(x, location = 0, scale = 1, inequality = 1, shape = 1, log = FALSE) https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/VGAM/VGAM.pdf Pareto type-IV probability distribution STATO:0000396 The geometric mean of two numbers, say 2 and 8, is just the square root of their product; that is sqrt(2 x 8)=4. The geometric mean is defined as the nth root of the product of n numbers, i.e., for a set of numbers \{x_i\}_{i=1}^N, the geometric mean is defined as \left(\prod_{i=1}^N x_i\right)^{1/N}. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean#Geometric_mean_.28GM.29 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_mean http://personality-project.org/r/html/geometric.mean.html Usage: >geometric.mean(x,na.rm=TRUE) Arguments: x , a vector or data.frame http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-0.13.0/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mstats.gmean.html geometric mean STATO:0000397 The harmonic mean is a kind of mean which is calculated by dividing the total number of observations by the reciprocal of each number in a series. Harmonic Mean = N/(1/a1+1/a2+1/a3+1/a4+.......+1/aN) where a(i)= Individual score and N = Sample size (Number of scores) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia and https://www.easycalculation.com/statistics/learn-harmonic-mean.php last accessed: 2015-11-04 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_mean https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean#Harmonic_mean_.28HM.29 http://personality-project.org/r/html/harmonic.mean.html Usage: > harmonic.mean(x,na.rm=TRUE) Arguments: x, a vector, matrix, or data.frame na.rm, na.rm=TRUE remove NA values before processing http://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-0.13.0/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mstats.hmean.html harmonic mean STATO:0000398 The weighted arithmetic mean is a measure of central tendency that is the sum of the products of each observed value and their respective non-negative weights, divided by the sum of the weights, such that the contribution of each observed value to the mean may defer according to its respective weight. It is defined by the formula: A = sum(vi*wi)/sum(wi), where 'i' ranges from 1 to n, 'vi' is the value of each observation, and 'wi' is the value of the respective weight for each observed value. The weighted arithmetic mean is a kind of mean similar to an ordinary arithmetic mean (the most common type of average), except that instead of each of the data points contributing equally to the final average, some data points are weighted, meaning they contribute more than others. The weighted arithmetic mean is often used if one wants to combine average values from samples of the same population with different sample sizes. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Matthew Diller Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weighted_arithmetic_mean https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.average.html np.average(range(1,11), weights=range(10,0,-1)) https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/59 weighted arithmetic mean STATO:0000399 The interquartile mean (IQM) (or midmean) is a statistical measure of central tendency based on the truncated mean of the interquartile range. In the calculation of the IQM, only the data in the second and third quartiles is used (as in the interquartile range), and the lowest 25% and the highest 25% of the scores are discarded. These points are called the first and third quartiles, hence the name of the IQM. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra IQM https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean#Interquartile_mean interquartile mean STATO:0000400 The root mean square (abbreviated RMS or rms), also known as the quadratic mean, in statistics is a statistical measure of central tendency defined as the square root of the mean of the squares of a sample. ( To find the root mean square of a set of numbers, square all the numbers in the set and then find the arithmetic mean of the squares. Take the square root of the result. This is the root mean square.) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra RMS root mean square https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square and http://www.mathwords.com/r/root_mean_square.htm last accessed: 2015-11-04 quadratic mean STATO:0000401 the sample mean of sample of size n with n observations is an arithmetic mean computed over n number of observations on a statistical sample. The sample mean, denoted x¯ and read “x-bar,” is simply the average of the n data points x1, x2, ..., xn: x¯=x1+x2+⋯+xnn=1n∑i=1nxi The sample mean summarizes the "location" or "center" of the data. the sample mean is a measure of dispersion of the observations made on the sample and provides an unbias estimate of the population mean Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat414/node/66 and http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SampleMean.html last accessed: 2015-11-05 sample mean STATO:0000402 the population mean or distribution mean is a parameter of a probability distribution or population indicative of the data dispersion. For continous probabibility distribution, the population mean is computed using the probability density function, for discrete probability distributions, a mass density function is used instead. A population mean can be estimated by computing a sample mean Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PopulationMean.html last accessed: 2015-11-05 population mean STATO:0000405 A covariance structure where no restrictions are made on the covariance between any pair of measurements. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Camille Maumet Philippe Rocca-Serra Thomas Nichols http://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/63033/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_mixed_sect019.htm#statug.mixed.mixedcovstruct unstructured covariance structure 2 STATO:0000406 The Yuen's t-test is a two sample t-test with populations of unequal variance which provides a more robust t-test procedure under normal distribution and long tailed distributions. The test computes a t statistics not using 'arithmetic means' but using 'trimmed means' instead as well as winsorized variances. Philippe Rocca-Serra Yuen-Welch's t-test Biometrika (1974) 61 (1): 165-170 10.1093/biomet/61.1.165 http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/library/DescTools/html/YuenTTest.html Yuen t-Test with trimmed means STATO:0000407 Fagan nomogram is a graph plotting pre-test probabilities, likelyhood ratios and post-test probabilities on 3 parallel axis. The plot was first proposed by Fagan in 1975 as a way to visualize Baye's Theorem data where P(D) is the probability that the patient has the disease before the test. P(D|T) is the probability that the patient has the disease after the test result. P(T|D) is the probability of the test result if the patient has the disease, and P(T|D̄) is the probability of the test result if the patient does not have the disease. With this terminology the usefulness of both positive and negative test results can be assessed. A line drawn from P(D) on the right through the ratio of P(T|D) to P(T|D̄) gives P(D|T) on the left of the nomogram. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1143310 N Engl J Med 1975; 293:257July 31, 1975 DOI: 10.1056/NEJM197507312930513 Fagan nomogram STATO:0000408 Two-Step Fagan Nomogram, which adds two extra axis between the LR axis that represents sensibility and specificity to calculate negative and positive likelihood ratios in the same nomogram Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23468201 2 step Fagan nomogram STATO:0000409 the likelihood ratio is a ratio which is formed by dividing the post-test odds with the pre-test odds in the context of a Bayesian formulation Philippe Rocca-Serra likelihood ratio STATO:0000410 the likelihood ratio of negative results is a ratio which is formed by dividing the difference between 1 and sensitivity of the test by the specificity value of a test.. This can be expressed also as dividing the probability of a person who has the disease testing negative by the probability of a person who does not have the disease testing negative. Philippe Rocca-Serra likelihood ratio for negative results adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likelihood_ratios_in_diagnostic_testing last accessed: May 2016 negative likelihood ratio STATO:0000411 the likelihood ratio of positive results is a ratio which is form by dividing the sensitivity value of a test by the difference between 1 and specificity of the test. This can be expressed also as dividing the probability of the test giving a positive result when testing an affected subject versus the probability of the test giving a positive result when a subject is not affected. Philippe Rocca-Serra likelihood ratio for positive results adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likelihood_ratios_in_diagnostic_testing last accessed: May 2016 positive likelihood ratio STATO:0000412 prevalence is a ratio formed by the number of subjects diagnosed with a disease divided by the total population size. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/chronic/basicstat.htm prevalence STATO:0000413 Incidence is the ratio of the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/chronic/basicstat.htm incidence STATO:0000414 mortality is a ratio formed by the number of deaths due to a disease divided by the total population size. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/chronic/basicstat.htm mortality STATO:0000415 in the context of binary classification, accuracy is defined as the proportion of true results (both true positives and true negatives) to the total number of cases examined (the sum of true positive, true negative, false positive and false negative). It can be understood as a measure of the proximity of measurement results to the true value. Philippe Rocca-Serra Rand accuracy Rand index adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision#In_binary_classification last accessed: May 2016 accuracy STATO:0000416 precision or positive predictive value is defined as the proportion of the true positives against all the positive results (both true positives and false positives) Philippe Rocca-Serra positive predictive value adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision#In_binary_classification last accessed: May 2016 precision STATO:0000417 The probability of a patient having the target disorder before a diagnostic test result is known Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.cebm.net/pre-test-probability/ pretest probability STATO:0000418 a measure of heterogeneity in meta-analysis is a data item which aims to describe the variation in study outcomes between studies. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from http://www.statsdirect.com/help/default.htm#meta_analysis/heterogeneity.htm last accessed: May 2016 measure of heterogeneity STATO:0000419 The Cochran's Q statistic is a measure of heterogeneity accros study computed by summing the squared deviations of each study's estimate from the overall meta-analytic estimate, weighting each study's contribution in the same manner as in the meta-analysis. Philippe Rocca-Serra Cochran WG. The combination of estimates from different experiments. Biometrics 1954;10: 101-29. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001666 http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/RVAideMemoire/docs/cochran.qtest Cochran's Q statistic STATO:0000420 The quantity called I2, describes the percentage of total variation across studies that is due to heterogeneity rather than chance. I2 can be readily calculated from basic results obtained from a typical meta-analysis as I2 = 100%×(Q - df)/Q, where Q is Cochran's heterogeneity statistic and df the degrees of freedom. Negative values of I2 are put equal to zero so that I2 lies between 0% and 100%. A value of 0% indicates no observed heterogeneity, and larger values show increasing heterogeneity. Unlike Cochran's Q, it does not inherently depend upon the number of studies considered. A confidence interval for I² is constructed using either i) the iterative non-central chi-squared distribution method of Hedges and Piggott (2001); or ii) the test-based method of Higgins and Thompson (2002). The non-central chi-square method is currently the method of choice (Higgins, personal communication, 2006) – it is computed if the 'exact' option is selected. Philippe Rocca-Serra I2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC192859/ and http://www.statsdirect.com/help/default.htm#meta_analysis/heterogeneity.htm I-squared STATO:0000421 Tau-squared is an estimate of the between-study variance in a random-effects meta-analysis. The square root of this number (i.e. tau) is the estimated standard deviation of underlying effects across studies. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://handbook.cochrane.org/chapter_9/9_5_4_incorporating_heterogeneity_into_random_effects_models.htm http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor Tau squared STATO:0000422 The L’Abbé plot was introduced in 1987 in the context of meta-analyses of clinical trials with dichotomous (binary) outcomes, as a plot of observed risks in the treatment group against observed risks in the control group. Another formulation is that it plots the event rate in the experimental (intervention) group against the event rate in the control group, as an aid to exploring the heterogeneity of effect estimates within a meta-analysis. It is diagram used in meta-analysis that compares the risks observed in the experimental and control arms of clinical trials. Each trial is located in the space of a diagram where the sizes of the circles indicate the sizes of the trials. Trials in which the experimental treatment had a higher risk than the control will be in the upper left of the plot. If risk in the both groups is the same the circle will fall on the line of equality. If the control treatment has a higher risk than the experimental treatment then the point will be in the lower right of the plot. It is often used as an indicator of heterogeneity and hence as an indicator of the likelihood that results from different trials can be validly combined. Named after Kristin L'Abbé. Philippe Rocca-Serra 10.1002/jrsm.6 Graphical displays for meta-analysis: An overview with suggestions for practice http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3300460 and http://www.dictionarycentral.com/definition/l-abb-plot.html http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/labbe.metabin L'Abbe plot STATO:0000423 the proportion of individuals in a population with the outcome of interest Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://handbook.cochrane.org/chapter_9/9_2_2_4_measure_of_absolute_effect_the_risk_difference.htm observed risk STATO:0000424 The risk difference is the difference between the observed risks (proportions of individuals with the outcome of interest) in the two groups. The risk difference is straightforward to interpret: it describes the actual difference in the observed risk of events between experimental and control interventions. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra http://handbook.cochrane.org/chapter_9/9_2_2_4_measure_of_absolute_effect_the_risk_difference.htm risk difference STATO:0000425 Sidik-Jonkman estimator is a data item computed to estimate heterogeneity parameter (estimate of between-study variance) in a random effect model for meta analysis. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16955539 http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="FALSE", method.tau="SJ", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) Sidik-Jonkman estimator STATO:0000426 Hunter-Schmidt estimator is a data item computed to estimate heterogeneity parameter (estimate of between-study variance) in a random effect model for meta analysis. Philippe Rocca-Serra Methods of Meta-Analysis: Correcting Error and Bias in Research Findings. by John E. Hunter, Frank L. Schmidt doi:10.2307/2289738 http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="FALSE", method.tau="HS", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) Hunter-Schmidt estimator STATO:0000427 restricted maximum likelihood estimation is a kind of maximum likelihood estimation data transformation which estimates the variance components of random-effects in univariate and multivariate meta-analysis. in contrast to 'maximum likelihood estimation', reml can produce unbiased estimates of variance and covariance parameters. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/58.3.545 REML reml(y, v, x, data, RE.constraints = NULL, RE.startvalues = 0.1, RE.lbound = 1e-10, intervals.type = c("z", "LB"), model.name="Variance component with REML", suppressWarnings = TRUE, silent = TRUE, run = TRUE, ...) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/metaSEM/versions/1.0.0/topics/reml restricted maximum likelihood estimation STATO:0000428 maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model, given observations. MLE attempts to find the parameter values that maximize the likelihood function, given the observations. The method of maximum likelihood is based on the likelihood function, {\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}(\theta \,;x)} {\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}(\theta \,;x)}. We are given a statistical model, i.e. a family of distributions {\displaystyle \{f(\cdot \,;\theta )\mid \theta \in \Theta \}} {\displaystyle \{f(\cdot \,;\theta )\mid \theta \in \Theta \}}, where {\displaystyle \theta } \theta denotes the (possibly multi-dimensional) parameter for the model. The method of maximum likelihood finds the values of the model parameter, {\displaystyle \theta } \theta , that maximize the likelihood function, {\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}(\theta \,;x)} {\displaystyle {\mathcal {L}}(\theta \,;x)}. I Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_likelihood_estimation http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats4/html/mle.html maximum likelihood estimation STATO:0000429 DerSimonian-Laird estimator s a data item computed to estimate heterogeneity parameter (estimate of between-study variance) in a random effect model for meta analysis. The estimator is used in simple noniterative procedure for characterizing the distribution of treatment effects in a series of studies Philippe Rocca-Serra doi:10.1016/j.cct.2006.04.004 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3802833 doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="FALSE", method.tau="DL", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) DerSimonian-Laird estimator STATO:0000430 a random effect meta analysis procedure defined by Hartung and Knapp and by Sidik and Jonkman which performs better than DerSimonian and Laird approach, especially when there is heterogeneity and the number of studies in the meta-analysis is small. Philippe Rocca-Serra HKSJ method doi:10.1186/1471-2288-14-25 http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="TRUE", method.tau="HS", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) meta analysis by Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman method STATO:0000431 a meta analysis which relies on the computation of the DerSimonian and Leard estimator as a measure of heterogeneity over a set of studies. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="FALSE", method.tau="DL", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) meta analysis by DerSimonian and Leard method STATO:0000432 a meta analysis which relies on the computation of the Hunter and Schmidt estimator as a measure of heterogeneity over a set of studies by considering the weighted mean of the raw correlation coefficient. Hunter and Schmidt developed what is commonly termed validity generalization procedures (Schmidt and Hunter, 1977). These involve correcting the effect sizes in the meta-analysis for sampling, and measurement error and range restriction. Philippe Rocca-Serra Hunter JE, Schmidt FL. Methods of Meta-analysis: correcting error and bias in research findings. Newbury Park, CA: Sage 1990. http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/meta/docs/metacor metacor(cor, n, studlab, data=NULL, subset=NULL, sm=.settings$smcor, level=.settings$level, level.comb=.settings$level.comb, comb.fixed=.settings$comb.fixed, comb.random=.settings$comb.random, hakn="FALSE", method.tau="HS", tau.common=.settings$tau.common, prediction=.settings$prediction, level.predict=.settings$level.predict, method.bias=.settings$method.bias, backtransf=.settings$backtransf, title=.settings$title, complab=.settings$complab, outclab="", byvar, bylab, print.byvar=.settings$print.byvar, keepdata=.settings$keepdata ) meta analysis by Hunter-Schmidt method STATO:0000433 McNemar's test is a statistical test used on paired nominal data. It is applied to 2 × 2 contingency tables with a dichotomous trait, with matched pairs of subjects, to determine whether the row and column marginal frequencies are equal (that is, whether there is "marginal homogeneity"). It is named after Quinn McNemar, who introduced it in 1947. An application of the test in genetics is the transmission disequilibrium test for detecting linkage disequilibrium Philippe Rocca-Serra McNemar's Chi-squared Test for Count Data test of the marginal homogeneity of a contingency table within-subjects chi-squared test adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNemar%27s_test last accessed: May 2016 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20254758 mcnemar.test(x, y = NULL, correct = TRUE) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/mcnemar.test.html McNemar test STATO:0000434 Cochran's Q test is a statistical test used for unreplicated randomized block design experiments with a binary response variable and paired data. In the analysis of two-way randomized block designs where the response variable can take only two possible outcomes (coded as 0 and 1), Cochran's Q test is a non-parametric statistical test to verify whether k treatments have identical effects. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/CVST/docs/cochranq.test and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochran%27s_Q_test last accessed: May 2016 cochran.qtest(formula, data, alpha = 0.05, p.method = "fdr") from: http://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/RVAideMemoire/docs/cochran.qtest Cochran's q test for heterogeneity STATO:0000435 a probability distribution scale parameter is a measure of variation which is set by the operator when selecting a parametric probability distribution and which defines how spread the distribution is. The larger the value of the scale parameter is, the more spread out the distribution. user request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/47 Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_parameter. last accessed: 2016/11/11 scale statistical dispersion probability distribution scale parameter STATO:0000436 a probability distribution shape parameter is a data item which is set by the operator when selecting a parametric probability distribution and which dictates the way the profile but not the location or size of the distribution plot looks like. user request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/47 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_parameter last accessed: 2016-11-11 shape http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/GammaDist.html probability distribution shape parameter STATO:0000437 a scale estimator is a measurement datum (a statistic) which is calculated to approach the actual scale parameter of a probability distribution from observed data. user request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/47 Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_parameter last accessed: 2016/11/11 https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/mgcv/html/gam.scale.html scale estimator STATO:0000438 a log-normal (or lognormal) distribution is a continuous probability distribution of a random variable whose logarithm is normally distributed. Thus, if the random variable {\displaystyle X} X is log-normally distributed, then {\displaystyle Y=\ln(X)} Y=\ln(X) has a normal distribution. Likewise, if {\displaystyle Y} Y has a normal distribution, then {\displaystyle X=\exp(Y)} X=\exp(Y) has a log-normal distribution. A random variable which is log-normally distributed takes only positive real values. The distribution is occasionally referred to as the Galton distribution or Galton's distribution, after Francis Galton. user request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/47 Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-normal_distribution last accessed: 2016/11/11 dlnorm(x, meanlog = 0, sdlog = 1, log = FALSE) plnorm(q, meanlog = 0, sdlog = 1, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) qlnorm(p, meanlog = 0, sdlog = 1, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) rlnorm(n, meanlog = 0, sdlog = 1) https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/Lognormal.html log normal distribution STATO:0000439 outlier detection testing objective is a statistical objective of a data transformation which aims to test a null hypothesis that an observation is not an outlier. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO outlier detection testing objective outlier detection testing objective STATO:0000440 Dixon test is a statistical test used to detect outliers in a univariate data set assumed to come from a normally distributed population. Le test de Dixon est un test statistique destiné à identifier des données abérrantes dans un jeu de données associées à une variable aléatoire univariée dont la distribution sous-jacente est supposée normale. Philippe Rocca-Serra Dixon test Q test Robert B. Dean and Wilfrid J. Dixon (1951) "Simplified Statistics for Small Numbers of Observations". Anal. Chem., 1951, 23 (4), 636–638. adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dixon%27s_Q_test last accessed: 2016-11-19 dixon.outliers(data) from: http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/library/referenceIntervals/html/dixon.outliers.html Dixon Q test 1 STATO:0000441 Grubbs' test is a statistical test used to detect one outlier in a univariate data set assumed to come from a normally distributed population. Le test de Grubb est un test statistique destiné à identifier une (et une seule) abérration dans un jeu de données associées à une variable aléatoire univariée dont la distribution sous-jacente est supposée normale. Philippe Rocca-Serra maximum normed residual test adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grubbs'_test_for_outliers last accessed: 2016-11-19 rgrubbs.test(x, alpha = 0.05) from: http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/library/OutlierDM/html/rgrubbs.test.html Grubbs' test STATO:0000442 Tietjen-Moore test for outlier is a statistical test used to detect outliers and corresponds to a generalization of the Grubb's test, thus allowing detection of more than one outlier in a univariate data set assumed to come from a normally distributed population. If testing for a single outlier, the Tietjen-Moore test is equivalent to the Grubbs' test. Le test de Tietjen-Moore est un test statistique destiné à identifier des données abérrantes dans un jeu de données associées à une variable aléatoire univariée dont la distribution sous-jacente est supposée normale. Ce test est une généralisation du test de Grubb dans le sens où il permet de tester pour la présence de plus d'une seule et unique abérration. Philippe Rocca-Serra Tietjen-Moore test adapted from NIST: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35h2.htm last accessed: 2016-11-19 FindOutliersTietjenMooreTest(dataSeries,k,alpha=0.05) from: https://rdrr.io/rforge/climtrends/man/findOutliers.Tietjen.Moore.test.html Tietjen-Moore test for outliers STATO:0000443 The Extreme Studentized Deviate Test is a statistical test used to detect outliers in a univariate data set assumed to come from a normally distributed population. The ESD Test differs from the Grubbs' test and the Tietjen-Moore test in the sense that it contains built-in correction for multiple testing. Philippe Rocca-Serra ESD test for outliers generalized ESD test for outliers Rosner, Bernard (May 1983), Percentage Points for a Generalized ESD Many-Outlier Procedure,Technometrics, 25(2), pp. 165-172. STATO adapted from NIST: http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda35h3.htm last accessed: 2016-11-19 rgrubbs.test(x, alpha = 0.05) from: http://finzi.psych.upenn.edu/library/OutlierDM/html/rgrubbs.test.html generalized extreme studentized deviate test 1 2 STATO:0000444 a split-plot design is kind of factorial design which is used when running a full factorial completely randomized design is inpractical, either for cost or practicalities (e.g. equipment, fields), in other words, when a restricted randomization has to be applied. A split-plot design is used whenever practioners fix the level of 'hard to change factor' and run all the combinations of the other factors. The hard to change factor is also refered to as the 'whole plot' factor, while the remainders of the factors are refered to as 'split plot factor'. Performing a split-plot design therefore means fixing one factor level, and then applying the treatments formed by the cartesian products of the levels for the other factors. A mininum of 2 factors are required and one being applied before the other(s). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://www.minitab.com/uploadedFiles/Content/News/Published_Articles/recognize_split_plot_experiment.pdf adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restricted_randomization last accessed: 14.12.2016 https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bb4b/d979610388c76bb81568f14a886304ce4662.pdf split-plot design 2 3 STATO:0000445 a split split plot design is a study design where restricted randomization affect 2 study factors (and not 1 as in split-plot design). Such design is only possible if at least 3 independent variables are present. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat503/node/72 last accessed 2016/12/15 split split plot design STATO:0000446 Restricted randomization is a kind of randomization which is used or occured when hard to change factors exist in a study design. In other words, when complete randomization is not possible, a case of restricted randomization exists, for instance in the case of split-plot design. Restricted randomization allows intuitively poor allocations of treatments to experimental units to be avoided, while retaining the theoretical benefits of randomization. Restricted randomization can also result from an unplanned event and is then something that should be avoided. RandomizeR R package can be used to detect such events and assess the quality of randomization process. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra Adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restricted_randomization last accessed: 2016/12/15 restricted randomization STATO:0000447 a 'whole plot number' is a data item used to count and identify the actual piece of land (in the case of real field based trials) used in a split plot design experiment and receiving treatments corresponding to the levels of a factor whose randomization is restricted (these factors are known as 'hard to change' factors). In the case of non-field based trials, the 'whole plot' is a metaphor. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from http://people.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/Stat-650/Notes/PDFbigbook-R/R-part012.pdf last accessed: 2016/12/15 whole plot number STATO:0000448 a 'sub plot number' is a data item used to count and identify the actual piece of land located within a 'whole plot', in the case of real field based trials using a split-plot design, and received completely randomized treatments corresponding to the factor levels combinations of the remainder factors declared in the experiment. in the case of 'split-split plot design', sub-plots also receive treatments corresponding to a factor whose randomization is restriction. In such configuration, each 'sub-plot' is itself divided into 'sub sub-plot', which then received the remainder of the treatments in completely randomized fashion. In the case of non-field based trials, the notion 'sub-plot' is a metaphor. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from http://people.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/Stat-650/Notes/PDFbigbook-R/R-part012.pdf last accessed: 2016/12/15 sub-plot number STATO:0000449 a 'sub sub-plot number' is a data item used to count and identify the actual piece of land located within a 'sub plot', in the case of real field based trials using a split-split-plot design, and received completely randomized treatments corresponding to the factor levels combinations of the remainder factors declared in the experiment. in the case of 'split-split plot design', sub-plots also receive treatments corresponding to a factor whose randomization is restriction. In such configuration, each 'sub-plot' is itself divided into 'sub sub-plot', which then received the remainder of the treatments in completely randomized fashion. In the case of non-field based trials, the notion 'sub sub-plot' is a metaphor. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO adapted from http://people.stat.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/Stat-650/Notes/PDFbigbook-R/R-part012.pdf last accessed: 2016/12/15 sub sub-plot number STATO:0000450 "Wilks' lambda is a test statistic used in multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test whether there are differences between the means of identified groups of subjects on a combination of dependent variables." Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/specialarticles/jcn_9_381.pdf https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/summary.manova.html ## S3 method for class 'manova' summary(object, test = c("Pillai", "Wilks", "Hotelling-Lawley", "Roy"), intercept = FALSE, tol = 1e-7, ...) https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-0.14.0/reference/generated/scipy.stats.mstats.f_value_wilks_lambda.html#scipy.stats.mstats.f_value_wilks_lambda scipy.stats.mstats.f_value_wilks_lambda(ER, EF, dfnum, dfden, a, b) Wilk's Lambda test STATO:0000451 "Pillai proposed the trace test for the following three tests: (a) equality of mean vectors of lp‐variate normal distributions with the common but unknown covariance matrix, (b) independence between two sets of variates distributed jointly as a normal distribution with unknown mean vector, and (c) equality of covariance matrices of two p‐variate normal distributions with unknown mean vectors." Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://doi.org/10.1002/0470011815.b2a13067 Pillai's trace test STATO:0000452 "The Lawley–Hotelling trace is used to test the equality of mean vectors of k p‐variate normal distributions with common but unknown covariance matrix. The explicit form of the null distribution of T$_{0}^{2}$equation image is the F distribution. The asymptotic null distribution is the chi‐square distribution. The power function of the test is described and its power is compared with the likelihood ratio test. " Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://doi.org/10.1002/0470011815.b2a13035 Lawley–Hotelling Trace Hotelling-Lawley Trace test STATO:0000453 "Roy's maximum root test finds the maximum characteristic root or eigenvalue statistic for testing equality of k p-variate normal distributions with same covariance matrix, independence between two sets of variables jointly distributed as a normal distribution, equality of covariance matrices of two p-variate normal distributions, whether the covariance matrix of a p-variabte normal distribution with unknown mean vector equals a specified matrix" Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra Oxford Dictionary of Statistical Terms https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat505/node/163 Roy’s Maximum Root test STATO:0000454 "The multivariate analysis of variance, or MANOVA, is a procedure for comparing multivariate sample means. As a multivariate procedure, it is used when there are two or more dependent variables, and is typically followed by significance tests involving individual dependent variables separately. It helps to answer: 1. Do changes in the independent variable(s) have significant effects on the dependent variables? 2. What are the relationships among the dependent variables? 3. What are the relationships among the independent variables?" Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_analysis_of_variance MANOVA https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/manova.html multivariate analysis of variance STATO:0000455 In Bayesian statistics context, a credible interval is an interval of a posterior distribution which is such that the density at any point inside the interval is greater than the density at any point outside and that the area under the curve for that interval is equal to a prespecified probability level. For any probability level there is generally only one such interval, which is also often known as the highest posterior density region. Unlike the usual confidence interval associated with frequentist inference, here the intervals specify the range within which parameters lie with a certain probability. The Bayesian counterparts of the confidence interval used in Frequentists Statistics. Philippe Rocca-Serra Bayesian credibility interval Adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credible_interval and from the Cambridge Dictionary of Statistics, fourth edition, ISBN-13 978-0-511-78827-7 last accessed: 2017-07-01 HPD region of highest posterior density credible interval STATO:0000456 In Bayesian statistics context, a 95% credible interval is a credible interval which,given the data, includes the true parameter with probability of 95%. Philippe Rocca-Serra Bayesian credibility interval at 95% Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credible_interval last accessed: 2017-07-01 95% credible interval STATO:0000457 " In clinical trials, it gives you an idea of how much difference there is between the averages of the experimental group and control groups." "The mean difference, or difference in means, measures the absolute difference between the mean value in two different groups." Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.statisticshowto.com/mean-difference/ MD difference in means mean difference STATO:0000458 In Bayesian statistics context, a 99% credible interval is a credible interval which, given the data, includes the true parameter with probability of 99%. Philippe Rocca-Serra Bayesian credible interval at 99% Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credible_interval last accessed: 2017-07-01 99% credible interval STATO:0000459 group sequential design is a study design used in clinical trial settings in which interim analyses of the data are conducted after groups of patients are recruited. After each interim analysis, the trial may stop early if the evidence so far shows the new treatment is particularly effective or ineffective. Such designs are ethical and cost-effective, and so are of great interest in practice. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v066i02/v66i02.pdf https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gsDesign/index.html group sequential design STATO:0000460 interim analysis is a data transformation used to analyzed studies implementing a group-sequential design, to evaluate and interpret the accumulating information during a clinical trial. It means that the analysis of data that is conducted before full data collection has been completed. Clinical trials are unusual in that enrollment of patients is a continual process staggered in time. This means that if a treatment is particularly beneficial or harmful compared to the concurrent placebo group while the study is on-going, the investigators are ethically obliged to assess that difference using the data at hand and to make a deliberate consideration of terminating the study earlier than planned. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from https://onlinecourses.science.psu.edu/stat509/node/75 and from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interim_analysis last accessed: 2017-10-9 interim analysis STATO:0000461 the O'brien-Flemming boundary analysis is a kind of interim-analysis method implemented by O'brien and Flemming to account for the As all frequentist methods of the same type, it focuses on controlling the type I error rate as the repeated hypothesis testing of accumulating data increases the type I error rate of a clinical trial. O'brien-Flemming boundary analysis STATO:0000462 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856440/ The Pocock boundary analysis gives a p-value threshold for each interim analysis which guides the data monitoring committee on whether to stop the trial. The boundary used depends on the number of interim analyses. The Pocock boundary is simple to use in that the p-value threshold is the same at each interim analysis. The disadvantages are that the number of interim analyses must be fixed at the start and it is not possible under this scheme to add analyses after the trial has started. Another disadvantage is that investigators and readers frequently do not understand how the p-values are reported: for example, if there are five interim analyses planned, but the trial is stopped after the third interim analysis because the p-value was 0.01, then the overall p-value for the trial is still reported as <0.05 and not as 0.01. As all frequentist methods of the same type, it focuses on controlling the type I error rate as the repeated hypothesis testing of accumulating data increases the type I error rate of a clinical trial. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbiomet%2F64.2.191 and Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocock_boundary Pocock boundary analysis STATO:0000463 The Haybittle–Peto boundary analysis is an interim analysis where a rule for deciding when to stop a clinical trial prematurely is defined. It is named for John Haybittle and Richard Peto. The Haybittle–Peto boundary is one such stopping rule, and it states that if an interim analysis shows a probability of equal to, or less than 0.001 that a difference as extreme or more between the treatments is found, given that the null hypothesis is true, then the trial should be stopped early. The final analysis is still evaluated at the normal level of significance (usually 0.05).[3][4] The main advantage of the Haybittle–Peto boundary is that the same threshold is used at every interim analysis, unlike the O'Brien–Fleming boundary, which changes at every analysis. Also, using the Haybittle–Peto boundary means that the final analysis is performed using a 0.05 level of significance as normal, which makes it easier for investigators and readers to understand. The main argument against the Haybittle–Peto boundary is that some investigators believe that the Haybittle–Peto boundary is too conservative and makes it too difficult to stop a trial. As all frequentist methods of the same type, it focuses on controlling the type I error rate as the repeated hypothesis testing of accumulating data increases the type I error rate of a clinical trial. Philippe Rocca-Serra 10.1259/0007-1285-44-526-793 and adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haybittle%E2%80%93Peto_boundary Haybittle-Peto boundary analysis STATO:0000464 A lnear mixed model is a mixed model containing both fixed effects and random effects and in which factors and covariates are assumed to have a linear relationship to the dependent variable. These models are useful in a wide variety of disciplines in the physical, biological and social sciences. They are particularly useful in settings where repeated measurements are made on the same statistical units (longitudinal study), or where measurements are made on clusters of related statistical units. Because of their advantage in dealing with missing values, mixed effects models are often preferred over more traditional approaches such as repeated measures ANOVA. Fixed-effects factors are generally considered to be the variables whose values of interest are all represented in the data file. Random-effects factors are variables whose values correspond to unwanted variation. They are useful when trying to understand variability in the dependent variable which was not anticipated and exceeds what was expected. Linear mixed models also allow to specify specific interactions between factors, and allow the evaluation of the various linear effect that a particular combination of factor levels may have on a response variable. Finally, linear mixed models allow to specify variance components in order to describe the relation between various random effects levels. Hanna Cwiek Pawel Krajewski Philippe Rocca-Serra LMM adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_model linear mixed model STATO:0000465 An empirical measure is a random measure arising from a particular realization of a (usually finite) sequence of random variables. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_measure empirical measure STATO:0000466 A model term is a data item set in statistical model formula to apportion source of variation. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistical model term model term STATO:0000467 the model random effect term is model term which aims to account for the unwanted variability in the data associated with a range of independent variables which are not the primary interest in the dataset. It is there also known as the variance component of the model Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra variance component model random effect term STATO:0000468 a model fixed effect term is a model term which accounts for variation explained by an independent variable and its levels. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra model fixed effect term STATO:0000469 a model interaction effect term is a model term which accounts for variation explained by the combined effects of the factor levels of more than one (usually 2) independent variables. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra model interaction effect term STATO:0000470 a model error term is a model term which accounts for residual variation not explained by the other components (fixed and random effect terms) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra model error term STATO:0000471 a statistic estimator is a data item which is computed from a dataset to provide an approximated value (an estimator) for a 'statistical parameter' (a 'characteristics/parameter' of the true underlying distribution) of a real population. Hanna Cwiek Tom Nichols Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistic estimator STATO:0000472 An estimate of the number of degrees of freedom. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO degree of freedom approximation STATO:0000473 The Kenward-Roger method's fundamental idea is to calculate the approximate mean and variance of their statistic and then match moments with an F distribution to obtain the denominator degrees of freedom. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra https://support.sas.com/documentation/cdl/en/statug/68162/HTML/default/viewer.htm#statug_glimmix_details40.htm https://www.jstatsoft.org/article/view/v059i09 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9333350 Kenward-Roger https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/lmerTest/versions/2.0-36/topics/anova-methods ibrary(lme4) library(pbkrtest) fm1 <- lmer(Reaction ~ Days + (Days| Subject), sleepstudy) get_Lb_ddf(fm1, lme4::fixef(fm1)) Kenward-Roger degree of freedom approximation STATO:0000474 Satterthwaite degree of freedom approximation is a type of degree of freedom approximation which is used to estimate an “effective degrees of freedom” for a probability distribution formed from several independent normal distributions where only estimates of the variance are known. It was originally developed by statistician Franklin E. Satterthwaite. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra satterthwaite Satterthwaite, F. E. (1946), "An Approximate Distribution of Estimates of Variance Components.", Biometrics Bulletin, 2: 110–114, doi:10.2307/3002019 Welch-Satterthwaite https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/metRology/versions/0.9-23-2/topics/welch.satterthwaite Satterthwaite degree of freedom approximation STATO:0000475 a data transformation to determine the number of degree of freedom Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra between-within https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25899170 between-within denominator degrees of freedom approximation STATO:0000480 RR-BLUP is a data transformation used in the context of estimating breeding value using a Bayesian ridge regression. It can be obtained from Bayes B procedure by setting pi parameter to zero ( ) and assuming that all the markers have the same variance. term request by Guillaume Bauchet, cassavabase.org, Cornell University Philippe Rocca-Serra Comparison Between Linear and Non-parametric Regression Models for Genome-Enabled Prediction in Wheat Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez, Daniel Gianola, Juan Manuel González-Camacho, José Crossa, Yann Manès and Susanne Dreisigacker G3: GENES, GENOMES, GENETICS December 1, 2012 vol. 2 no. 12 1595-1605; https://doi.org/10.1534/g3.112.003665 RRBLUP ridge regression best linear unbiaised predictor STATO:0000481 a data transformation which calculate predictions of breeding values using an animal model and a relationship matrix calculated from the genomic/genetic markers (G Matrix), in constrast to using Pedigree information as in BLUP, also known as ABLUP Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3382275/ and from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/pedigree/versions/1.4/topics/gblup and from GBLUP gblup(formula, data, M, lambda) where: formula: formula of the model, do not include the random effect due to animal (generally ID). data: data.frame with columns corresponding to ID and the columns mentioned in the formula. M: Matrix of marker genotypes, usually the count of one of the two SNP alleles at each markers (0, 1, or 2). lambda : Variance ratio (σ2e/σ2a) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/pedigree/versions/1.4/topics/gblup genomic best linear unbiased prediction STATO:0000482 a data transformation which calculate estimates of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) on an animal or plant model utilizing trait-specific marker information. Philippe Rocca-Serra from: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0012648 TABLUP trait-specific relationship matrix best linear unbiaised prediction STATO:0000483 Bayes A is a data transformation used in the context of estimating breeding value, which relies on a Bayesian model and treats the prior probability π that a SNP has zero effect as unknown (i.e π=0) Philippe Rocca-Serra A fast algorithm for BayesB type of prediction of genome-wide estimates of genetic value. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2637029/ doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-41-2. and: Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide dense marker maps. Meuwissen TH, Hayes BJ, Goddard ME. Genetics. 2001 Apr;157(4):1819-29. PMID: 11290733 Bayes A STATO:0000484 Bayes B is a data transformation used in the context of estimating breeding value, which relies on a Bayesian model, treats the prior probability π that a SNP has zero effect to a set value (i.e π >0) and uses a mixture distribution. Philippe Rocca-Serra A fast algorithm for BayesB type of prediction of genome-wide estimates of genetic value. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2637029/ doi: 10.1186/1297-9686-41-2. and: Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide dense marker maps. Meuwissen TH, Hayes BJ, Goddard ME. Genetics. 2001 Apr;157(4):1819-29. PMID: 11290733 Bayes B STATO:0000485 the estimated breeding value of an organism is a data item computed to estimate the true breeding value defined as genetic merit of an organism, half of which will be passed on to its progeny. While the exact breeding value can not been known, for performance traits it is possible to make good estimates. These estimates are called Estimated Breeding Values (EBVs). EBVs are expressed in the units of measurement for each particular trait. These estimates are output of various estimation methods which differ depending on the underlying assumptions (equal variance of marker effect, all markers contributing to the trait) , the mathemical methods used (bayesian or non-bayesians) and the genetic inheritance models being considered (additive, dominant, epistatic) selected by the analysts. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://abri.une.edu.au/online/pages/understanding_ebvs_char.htm EBV estimated breeding value STATO:0000487 Additive genetic model is a data item which refer to the contributions to the final phenotype from more than one gene, or from alleles of a single gene (in heterozygotes), that combine in such a way that the sum of their effects in unison is equal to the sum of their effects individually. Philippe Rocca-Serra additive genetic inheritance model STATO:0000488 Additive genetic model is a data item which refer to the contributions to the final phenotype from more than one gene, or from alleles of a single gene (in heterozygotes), that combine in such a way that the sum of their effects in unison is equal to the sum of their effects individually and dominance (of alleles at a single locus). Philippe Rocca-Serra additive dominant genetic inheritance model STATO:0000489 Additive genetic model ris a data item which refer to the contributions to the final phenotype from more than one gene, or from alleles of a single gene (in heterozygotes), that combine in such a way that the sum of their effects in unison is equal to the sum of their effects individually and additive dominant ( (of alleles at a single locus) ) and epistasis (of alleles at more different loci) Philippe Rocca-Serra additive dominant genetic and epistatic inheritance model STATO:0000490 Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Test is a post hoc (i.e. it’s run after an ANOVA) non parametric test (a “distribution free” test that doesn’t assume your data comes from a particular distribution). It is one of the least powerful of the multiple comparisons tests and can be a very conservative test–especially for larger numbers of comparisons. The Dunn is an alternative to the Tukey test when you only want to test for differences in a small subset of all possible pairs; For larger numbers of pairwise comparisons, use Tukey’s instead. Use Dunn’s when you choose to test a specific number of comparisons before you run the ANOVA and when you are not comparing to controls. If you are comparing to a control group, use the Dunnett test instead. Philippe Rocca-Serra Dunn, O.J. (1961) Multiple comparisons among means. JASA, 56: 54-64 Dunn, Olive Jean (1964). "Multiple comparisons using rank sums". Technometrics. 6 (3): 241–252. doi:10.2307/1266041 and adapted from: http://www.statisticshowto.com/dunns-test/ Dunn's test ## Default S3 method: dunnTest(x, g, method = dunn.test::p.adjustment.methods[c(4, 2:3, 5:8, 1)], two.sided = TRUE, altp = two.sided, ...) from: http://www.rforge.net/doc/packages/FSA/dunnTest.html Dunn’s multiple comparison test STATO:0000491 Conover-Iman test for stochastic dominance is a stastical test for multiple group comparisons and reports the results among multiple pairwise comparisons after a Kruskal-Wallis test for stochastic dominance among k groups (Kruskal and Wallis, 1952). The interpretation of stochastic dominance requires an assumption that the CDF of one group does not cross the CDF of the other. The null hypothesis for each pairwise comparison is that the probability of observing a randomly selected value from the first group that is larger than a randomly selected value from the second group equals one half; this null hypothesis corresponds to that of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. Like the rank-sum test, if the data can be assumed to be continuous, and the distributions are assumed identical except for a difference in location, Conover-Iman test may be understood as a test for median difference. conover.test accounts for tied ranks. The Conover-Iman test is strictly valid if and only if the corresponding Kruskal-Wallis null hypothesis is rejected. Philippe Rocca-Serra Conover, W. J. and Iman, R. L. (1979). On multiple-comparisons procedures. Technical Report LA-7677-MS, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. posthoc.kruskal.conover.test(x, …) # S3 method for default posthoc.kruskal.conover.test( x, g, p.adjust.method = p.adjust.methods, …) # S3 method for formula posthoc.kruskal.conover.test(formula, data, subset, na.action, p.adjust.method = p.adjust.methods, …) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/PMCMR/versions/4.2/topics/posthoc.kruskal.conover.test conover.test makes k(k-1)/2 multiple pairwise comparisons based on Conover-Iman t-test-statistic of the rank differences. Conover-Iman test of multiple comparisons using rank sums STATO:0000492 application to breeding value estimation and genomic selection https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20122298 Bayesian LASSO is a data transformation where the regression parameters have independent Laplace (i.e., double-exponential) priors and are used to interprete Lasso estimate for linear regression parameters as Bayesian posterior mode estimates in accordance to a Bayesian framework. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1198/016214508000000337 Bayes LASSO Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator STATO:0000493 a genotype matrix is a kind of genomic relationship matrix in the rawest of form and which simply corresponds to a matrix of individuals genotype for a given set of markers or genomic positions. Columns are snps or markers, Rows are individuals. Each column/row cell contains a genotype expressed as, in the genome is diploid, as a pair of characters chosen from ATGC where the dominant variant is uppercased and the recessive variant is lower cased. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://articles.extension.org/pages/68019/genomic-relationships-and-gblup genotype matrix STATO:0000494 the MAF matrix is a genomic relationship matrix which is obtained from the genotype matrix by counting the number of minor alleles at each locus Philippe Rocca-Serra http://articles.extension.org/pages/68019/genomic-relationships-and-gblup MAF matrix gene content matrix matrix of minor allele count MAF matrix STATO:0000495 the M matrix is a genomic relationship matrix which is obtained by subtracting 1 to every value of the MAF matrix (gene content matrix). The values of the M matrix are only -1, 0 or 1 and makes computation easier. M = MAF-1 Philippe Rocca-Serra http://articles.extension.org/pages/68019/genomic-relationships-and-gblup Efficient Methods to Compute Genomic Predictions. J. Dairy Sci. 91:4414-4423. 2008 P. M. VanRaden. 10.31 68/jds.2007-0980 deviation of 1 from the gene content matrix >M = MAF-1 M matrix STATO:0000496 P matrix is a kind of genomic relationship matrix which contains allele frequencies expressed as a difference from 0.5 and multiplied by 2. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://articles.extension.org/pages/68019/genomic-relationships-and-gblup Efficient Methods to Compute Genomic Predictions. J. Dairy Sci. 91:4414-4423. 2008 P. M. VanRaden. 10.31 68/jds.2007-0980 P matrix STATO:0000497 the Z-matrix is a genomic relationship matrix which is obtained by substracted the M matrix with the P matrix. It is also known as the incidence matrix for the markers. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://articles.extension.org/pages/68019/genomic-relationships-and-gblup Efficient Methods to Compute Genomic Predictions. J. Dairy Sci. 91:4414-4423. 2008 P. M. VanRaden. 10.31 68/jds.2007-0980 incidence matrix for genotyping markers Z matrix STATO:0000498 The degree of freedom numerator is the number of degrees of freedom that the estimate of variance used in the numerator is based on. It is one of the parameters for the F-distribution used to compute probabilities in analysis of variance. term request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/71 Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra df1 num df numerator degrees of freedom STATO:0000499 augmented design is a kind of experimental design where the goal is to compare existing (control) treatments with new treatments that have an experimental constraint of "limited replication". To understand limited replication, consider about experiments that may only allow a single representation of the new treatment, this limitation may be many times due to the cost associated with the experiment, limited resources, or limited number of new units that can be used in the experiment. In contrast, the existing treatments are referred as checks and are generally replicated multiple times. With augmented design one can estimate the following: a) Differences between checks and new treatments, b) Differences among new treatments, c) Differences among check treatments, and d) Differences among new and check treatments combined. Philippe Rocca-Serra Federer, W.T. 1956. Augmented (or hoonuiaku) designs. Hawaiian Planters’ Record LV(2): 191–208) http://rna.genomics.purdue.edu/ an example of dataset representing an augmented design: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sommer/versions/3.2/topics/augment augmented experimental design STATO:0000500 a probability distribution location parameter is a data item which is set by the operator when selecting a parametric probability distribution and which dictates the way the location but not the profile or size of the distribution plot looks like. https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/50 Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/tutorial/stats.html#shifting-and-scaling norm.stats(loc=3, scale=4, moments="mv"), where loc is the location parameter indicated how much shift is given probability distribution location parameter STATO:0000501 the Weibull probability distribution is continuous probabibility distribution which is used to model time to fail, time to repair and material strength in material science. In biomedicine, the Weibull probability is used to in determining 'hazard functions'. The 'location parameter' of the Weibull probability distribution can be used to define a failure-free zone. If the quantity X is a "time-to-failure", the Weibull distribution gives a distribution for which the failure rate is proportional to a power of time. The shape parameter, k, is that power plus one, and so this parameter can be interpreted directly as follows: A value of {\displaystyle k<1\,} {\displaystyle k<1\,} indicates that the failure rate decreases over time. This happens if there is significant "infant mortality", or defective items failing early and the failure rate decreasing over time as the defective items are weeded out of the population. In the context of the diffusion of innovations, this means negative word of mouth: the hazard function is a monotonically decreasing function of the proportion of adopters; A value of {\displaystyle k=1\,} {\displaystyle k=1\,} indicates that the failure rate is constant over time. This might suggest random external events are causing mortality, or failure. The Weibull distribution reduces to an exponential distribution; A value of {\displaystyle k>1\,} {\displaystyle k>1\,} indicates that the failure rate increases with time. This happens if there is an "aging" process, or parts that are more likely to fail as time goes on. In the context of the diffusion of innovations, this means positive word of mouth: the hazard function is a monotonically increasing function of the proportion of adopters. The function is first concave, then convex with an inflexion point at {\displaystyle (e^{1/k}-1)/e^{1/k},k>1\,} {\displaystyle (e^{1/k}-1)/e^{1/k},k>1\,}. Philippe Rocca-Serra Weibull distribution adapted from : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weibull_distribution and from http://www.engineeredsoftware.com/nasa/weibull.htm Weibull probability distribution pweibull(q, shape, scale = 1, lower.tail = TRUE, log.p = FALSE) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/Weibull.html scipy.stats.weibull_min from: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-0.14.0/reference/generated/scipy.stats.weibull_min.html#scipy.stats.weibull_min Weibull probability distribution STATO:0000502 statistical sampling is a planned process which aims at assembling a population of observation units (samples) in as an unbiaised manner as possible in order to obtain or infer information about the actual population these samples have been drawn. Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistical sampling STATO:0000503 Simple random sampling is a statistical sampling process which creates a sample of a size n entirely by chance. In such process, each unit has the same probability of being selected. Depending on the size of the population being sampled, the sampling process may be done with or without replacement Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_random_sample random sampling srswor(n,N) from https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/srswor [simple random sampling without replacement] Sampling R package srswr(n,N) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/srswr [simple random sampling with replacement] Sampling R package simple random sampling STATO:0000504 It is a sampling process used, among other things, in ecological studies when studying how things change in an given environment line intercept sampling is a sampling process by which an element in a spatial region is included in a sample if it is intersected by a line chosen by the operator. Philippe Rocca-Serra LIS LIS sampling Lee Kaiser, Biometrics, Vol. 39, No. 4 (Dec., 1983), pp. 965-976 http://www.jstor.org/stable/2531331 line intercept sampling line intercept sampling STATO:0000505 Quadrat sampling is a classic tool for the study of ecology, especially biodiversity. In general, a series of squares (quadrats) of a set size are placed in a habitat of interest and the species within those quadrats are identified and recorded. Passive quadrat sampling (done without removing the organisms found within the quadrat) can be either done by hand, with researchers carefully sorting through each individual quadrat or, more efficiently, can be done by taking a photograph of the quadrat for future analysis. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.coml.org/investigating/observing/quadrat_sampling.html quadrat sampling STATO:0000506 Cluster sampling is a sampling plan used when mutually homogeneous yet internally heterogeneous groupings are evident in a statistical population. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_sampling cluster(data, clustername, size, method=c("srswor","srswr","poisson", "systematic"),pik,description=FALSE) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/cluster Sampling R package cluster sampling STATO:0000507 Probability proportional to size ('PPS') sampling is a sampling method in which the selection probability for each element is set to be proportional to its size measure, up to a maximum of 1. In a simple PPS design, these selection probabilities can then be used as the basis for Poisson sampling. However, this has the drawback of variable sample size, and different portions of the population may still be over- or under-represented due to chance variation in selections. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)#Probability-proportional-to-size_sampling PPS sampling probability-proportional-to-size sampling STATO:0000508 stratified sampling is a statistical sampling method which divides the population into homogenous subpopulations, which are then sampled using random or systematic sampling methods Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stratified_sampling stratified sampling strata(data, stratanames=NULL, size, method=c("srswor","srswr","poisson", "systematic"), pik,description=FALSE) From: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/strata R Sampling Package stratified sampling STATO:0000509 systematic sampling is a process for collecting samples and assembling a statistical sample using a system or method (.e.g unequal probabilities, without replacement, fixed sample size), as opposed to a random sampling. Philippe Rocca-Serra Madow, W.G. (1949), On the theory of systematic sampling, II, Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 20, 333-354. from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/UPsystematic Sampling R package systematic sampling STATO:0000510 Quota sampling is a method for selecting survey participants that is a non-probabilistic version of stratified sampling. In quota sampling, a population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just as in stratified sampling. Then judgment is used to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion. For example, an interviewer may be told to sample 200 females and 300 males between the age of 45 and 60. This means that individuals can put a demand on who they want to sample (targeting). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quota_sampling quota sampling STATO:0000511 Panel sampling is the method of first selecting a group of participants through a random sampling method and then asking that group for (potentially the same) information several times over a period of time. Therefore, each participant is interviewed at two or more time points; each period of data collection is called a "wave". The method was developed by sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld in 1938 as a means of studying political campaigns. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)#Panel_sampling panel sampling STATO:0000512 Snowball sampling (or chain sampling, chain-referral sampling, referral sampling) is a non-probability sampling technique where existing study subjects recruit future subjects from among their acquaintances. Thus the sample group is said to grow like a rolling snowball. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowball_sampling chain sampling referral sampling snowball sampling chain-referral sampling STATO:0000513 The voluntary sampling method is a type of non-probability sampling. A voluntary sample is made up of people who self-select into the survey. Often, these subjects have a strong interest in the main topic of the survey. Volunteers may be invited through advertisements on Social Media Sites Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)#Voluntary_Sampling voluntary sampling STATO:0000514 Convenience sampling (also known as grab sampling, accidental sampling, or opportunity sampling) is a type of non-probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand. This type of sampling is most useful for pilot testing. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convenience_sampling accidental sampling grab sampling opportunity sampling convenience sampling STATO:0000515 Brewer's sampling is a statistical sampling method which was proposed by Brewer in 1975 and uses unequal probabibility sampling technique Philippe Rocca-Serra Brewer, Kenneth RW (1975). A Simple Procedure For Sampling πpswor1. Australian Journal of Statistics, 17(3), 166-172. UPbrewer(pik,eps=1e-06) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/sampling/versions/2.8/topics/UPbrewer Sampling R package Brewer sampling STATO:0000516 In imbalanced datasets, where the sampling ratio does not follow the population statistics, one can resample the dataset in a conservative manner called minimax sampling. The minimax sampling has its origin in Anderson minimax ratio whose value is proved to be 0.5: in a binary classification, the class-sample sizes should be chosen equally. This ratio can be proved to be minimax ratio only under the assumption of LDA classifier with Gaussian distributions. The notion of minimax sampling is recently developed for a general class of classification rules, called class-wise smart classifiers. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)#Minimax_sampling minimax sampling STATO:0000517 complete randomization is a group randomization where experimental units are randomly assigned to the entire set of groups defined by the experimental treatments. Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO crPar(N, K = 2, ratio = rep(1, K), groups = LETTERS[1:K]) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/randomizeR/versions/1.4/topics/crPar complete randomization STATO:0000518 Data imputation is a data transformation process whereby missing data is replaced with an estimated value for the missing element. The substituted values are intended to create a data record that does not fail edits. Various methods may be used to produce these substituted values. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia and from the OECD glossary of statistical terms https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=3406 data imputation STATO:0000519 last observation carried forward data imputation is a type of data imputation which uses a very simple, self explanatory method for substituted a missing value for an observation. It should be noted that this method gives a biased estimate of the treatment effect and underestimates the variability of the estimated result and should be used cautiously. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_clinical_trials#Last_observation_carried_forward last observation carried forward data imputation STATO:0000520 regression data imputation is a type of data imputation where missing values are replaced with the value of a regression function coefficient. Philippe Rocca-Serra regression data imputation STATO:0000521 substitution by the mean data imputation is a type of data imputation where missing values are replaced with the value the variable mean. Philippe Rocca-Serra substitution by the mean data imputation STATO:0000522 https://www.r-bloggers.com/imputing-missing-data-with-r-mice-package/ multivariate imputation with chained equations (MICE) is a type of data imputation which uses an algorithm devised by Stef van Buuren and Karin Groothuis-Oudshoorn Philippe Rocca-Serra MICE: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R by Stef van Buuren and Karin Groothuis-Oudshoorn. Journal of Statistical Software, http://www.stefvanbuuren.nl/publications/mice%20in%20r%20-%20draft.pdf MICE library(mice) miceMod <- mice(BostonHousing[, !names(BostonHousing) %in% "medv"], method="rf") # perform mice imputation, based on random forests. multivariate imputation with chained equations STATO:0000523 k-nearest neighbour imputation is a data imputation which uses the k-nearest neighbour algorithm to compute a substitution value for the missing values. For every observation to be imputed, it identifies ‘k’ closest observations based on the euclidean distance and computes the weighted average (weighted based on distance) of these ‘k’ obs. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://r-statistics.co/Missing-Value-Treatment-With-R.html kNN data imputation library(DMwR) knnOutput <- knnImputation(BostonHousing[, !names(BostonHousing) %in% "medv"]) # perform knn imputation. anyNA(knnOutput) from: http://r-statistics.co/Missing-Value-Treatment-With-R.html k-nearest neighbour data imputation STATO:0000524 Matthews Correlation Coefficient (or MCC) is a correlation coefficient which is a measure of the quality of binary (two-class) classifications, introduced by biochemist Brian W. Matthews in 1975. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthews_correlation_coefficient and from: https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-2795(75)90109-9 MCC mcc(preds = NULL, actuals = NULL, TP = NULL, FP = NULL, TN = NULL, FN = NULL) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/mltools/versions/0.3.4/topics/mcc Matthews correlation coefficient STATO:0000525 a covariance matrix is a square matrix that contains the variances and covariances associated with several variables. The diagonal elements of the matrix contain the variances of the variables and the off-diagonal elements contain the covariances between all possible pairs of variables. Philippe Rocca-Serra dispersion matrix variance-covariance matrix covariance matrix STATO:0000526 https://www.r-bloggers.com/setup-up-the-inverse-of-additive-relationship-matrix-in-r/ the numerator relationship matrix is the matrix of *expected* additive genetic relationships between individuals. This matrix was originally used by Henderson (Henderson, C.R. 1976. A simple method for computing the inverse of a numerator relationship matrix used in prediction of breeding values. Biometrics 32:69-83.) to account for covariances between random effects, and therefore to use information from relatives in estimation of breeding value. Among the properties of the NRM matrix (also known as the A matrix), it is symmetric, the diagonal value correspond to 1+ the inbreeding coefficient for an individual. Philippe Rocca-Serra A matrix adapted from: https://jvanderw.une.edu.au/Genetic_properties_of_the_animal_model.pdf and from: Henderson, C.R. 1976. A simple method for computing the inverse of a numerator relationship matrix used in prediction of breeding values. Biometrics 32:69-83. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529339 NRM https://rdrr.io/cran/sommer/man/A.mat.html numerator relationship matrix STATO:0000527 The degree of freedom denominator is the number of degrees of freedom that the estimate of variance used in the denominator is based on. It is one of the parameters for the F-distribution used to compute probabilities in analysis of variance. term request: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/71 Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra den df df2 denominator degrees of freedom STATO:0000528 A matrix of relationships among a group of individuals, which can be used to predict breeding values, to manage inbreeding and in genetic conservation. It can be calculated from the pedigree, but it is also possible to calculate the relationship matrix from genotypes at genetic markers such as single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Elements of the genomic relationship matrix are estimates of the realized proportion of the genome that two individuals share, whereas the pedigree-derived relationship matrix is the expectation of this proportion. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2007-0980 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22059574 realized genomic relationship matrix relationship matrix https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/snpReady/snpReady.pdf G matrix STATO:0000529 a scaled t distribution is a kind of Student's t distribution which is shifted by 'mean' and scaled by standard deviation 'sd'. Philippe Rocca-Serra R documentation t.scaled(x, df, mean = 0, sd = 1, ncp, log = FALSE) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/metRology/versions/0.9-23-2/topics/Scaled%20t%20distribution scaled t distribution STATO:0000530 a Bayesian model is a statistical model where inference is based on using Bayes theorem to obtain a posterior distribution for a quantity (or quantities) of interest for some model (such as parameter values) based on some prior distribution for the relevant unknown parameters and the likelihood from the model. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from several sources: Oxford Dictionary of Statistics: 10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001 http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Bayesian_statistics https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/129017/what-exactly-is-a-bayesian-model Bayesian model STATO:0000531 a prior probability distribution is a probability distribution used as input to a Bayesian model to represent a priori knowledge about a model parameter. Along with the acquired/observed data, it is used to compute a posterior distribution according to the Bayes theorem. Philippe Rocca-Serra Oxford Dictionary of Statistics: 10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001 prior probability distribution STATO:0000532 a posterior probability distribution is a probability distribution computed in a Bayesian model approach given a prior distribution and a set of events/observations. Philippe Rocca-Serra Oxford Dictionary of Statistics: 10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001 posterior probability distribution STATO:0000533 Bayes C pi is a data transformation used to compute estimated breeding values using a Bayesian model and which assesses the SNP effect using MonteCarlo Markov chain methods. Bayes C pi treats the prior probability π that a SNP has zero effect as unknown. The method was devised to address short comings of Bayes A and Bayes B approaches Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: BMC Bioinformatics. 2011 May 23;12:186. doi: 10.1186/1471-2105-12-186. Extension of the bayesian alphabet for genomic selection. Habier D, Fernando RL, Kizilkaya K, Garrick DJ. but also https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/gdmp/gdmp.pdf and https://jvanderw.une.edu.au/RFSlides.pdf Bayes C pi Bayes C pi STATO:0000534 genetic inheritance model is a data item defining the assumption used by a breeding value estimation method to consider when running the calculations. Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO genetic inheritance model STATO:0000535 sampling from a probability distribution is a data transformation which aims at obtaining a sequence of random samples from a probability distribution for which direct sampling is difficult. Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO sampling from a probability distribution STATO:0000536 Gibbs sampling or a Gibbs sampler is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm for obtaining a sequence of observations which are approximated from a specified multivariate probability distribution, when direct sampling is difficult. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs_sampling Geman, S.; Geman, D. (1984). "Stochastic Relaxation, Gibbs Distributions, and the Bayesian Restoration of Images". IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 6 (6): 721–741. doi:10.1109/TPAMI.1984.4767596 Gibbs sampling STATO:0000537 the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm is a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for obtaining a sequence of random samples from a probability distribution for which direct sampling is difficult. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolis%E2%80%93Hastings_algorithm Hastings, W.K. (1970). "Monte Carlo Sampling Methods Using Markov Chains and Their Applications". Biometrika. 57 (1): 97–109. doi:10.1093/biomet/57.1.97 Metropolis–Hastings sampling STATO:0000538 a continuous multivariate probability distribution is a continuous probability distribution which describes the possible values, and corresponding probabilities, of two or more (usually three or more) associated random variables. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001/acref-9780199541454-e-1095?rskey=355sBu&result=1 continuous multivariate probability distribution STATO:0000539 a discrete multivariate probability distribution is a discrete probability distribution which describes the possible values, and corresponding probabilities, of two or more (usually three or more) associated random variables. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199541454.001.0001/acref-9780199541454-e-1095?rskey=355sBu&result=1 discrete multivariate probability distribution STATO:0000540 A data transformation that produces a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (or RKHS), which is a Hilbert space of functions in which point evaluation is a continuous linear functional. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproducing_kernel_Hilbert_space RKHS https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/KGode/versions/1.0.1/topics/rkhs rkhs reproducing kernel Hilbert space procedure STATO:0000541 a state space model is a kind of statistical model which describes the probabilistic dependence between the latent state variable and the observed measurement. The state or the measurement can be either continuous or discrete. The term “state space” originated in 1960s in the area of control engineering (Kalman, 1960). SSM provides a general framework for analyzing deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems that are measured or observed through a stochastic process. Philippe Rocca-Serra http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/State_space_model SSM state space model STATO:0000542 genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) is an estimated breeding value derived from information in an organism DNA (genotype). GEBV is calculated differently to conventional Estimated Breeding Values using advanced modeling technique to deal with high dimensionality data. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://businesswales.gov.wales/farmingconnect/posts/genomic-breeding-values GEBV genomic estimated breeding value STATO:0000544 In a planned experiment where to covariance (genotype x environment) can be controlled and held at 0, the heritability is defined as the ratio of the variance of the genotypic variables to the variance of the phenotypic variables. H2 = Var(G)/Var(P) H2 is the broad-sense heritability. This reflects all the genetic contributions to a population's phenotypic variance including additive, dominant, and epistatic (multi-genic interactions), as well as maternal and paternal effects, where individuals are directly affected by their parents' phenotype, for example, milk production in mammals. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritability H2 broad sense heritability heritability STATO:0000545 A particularly important component of the genetic variance is the additive variance, Var(A), which is the variance due to the average effects (additive effects) of the alleles. Since each parent passes a single allele per locus to each offspring, parent-offspring resemblance depends upon the average effect of single alleles. Additive variance represents, therefore, the genetic component of variance responsible for parent-offspring resemblance. The additive genetic portion of the phenotypic variance is known as Narrow-sense heritability and is defined as: h2 = Var(A)/Var(P) Philippe Rocca-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritability h2 narrow sense heritability STATO:0000546 Bayes R is a data transformation used in the context of estimating breeding value, which relies on a Bayesian model to compute 'genomic estimated breeding values'. In contrast to Bayes B methods, the new method assumes that the true SNP effects are derived from a series of normal distributions, the first with zero variance, up to one with a variance of approximately 1% of the genetic variance. Philippe Rocca-Serra Erbe M, Hayes BJ, Matukumalli LK, Goswami S, Bowman PJ, Reich CM, et al. Improving accuracy of genomic predictions within and between dairy cattle breeds with imputed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism panels. J Dairy Sci. 2012;95:4114–29 doi: 10.3168/jds.2011-5019. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22720968 Bayes R 0 STATO:0000547 The double exponential distribution (a.k.a. Laplace distribution) is the distribution of differences between two independent variates with identical exponential distributions (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 930). Philippe Rocca-Serra http://mathworld.wolfram.com/LaplaceDistribution.html double exponential probability distribution dLaplace(x, mu = 0, b = 1, params = list(mu, b), ...) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/ExtDist/versions/0.6-3/topics/Laplace https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy-0.19.0/reference/generated/scipy.stats.laplace.html Laplace probability distribution STATO:0000548 Bootstrapping is the practice of estimating properties of an estimator (such as its variance) by measuring those properties when sampling from an approximating distribution. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(statistics) bootstrap sampling distribution estimation by bootstrapping STATO:0000549 random forest procedure is a type of data transformation used in classification and statistical learning using regression. The random forest procedure is a meta estimator that fits a number of classifying decision trees on various sub-samples of the dataset (it operates by constructing a multitude of decision trees at training time) and use averaging to improve the predictive accuracy and control over-fitting. The sub-sample size is always the same as the original input sample size but the samples are drawn with replacement if bootstrap=True (default). The random forest procedure outputs the class that is the mode of the classes (classification) or mean prediction (regression) of the individual trees. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_forest and http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor.html random forest # S3 method for formula randomForest(formula, data=NULL, ..., subset, na.action=na.fail) # S3 method for default randomForest(x, y=NULL, xtest=NULL, ytest=NULL, ntree=500, mtry=if (!is.null(y) && !is.factor(y)) max(floor(ncol(x)/3), 1) else floor(sqrt(ncol(x))), replace=TRUE, classwt=NULL, cutoff, strata, sampsize = if (replace) nrow(x) else ceiling(.632*nrow(x)), nodesize = if (!is.null(y) && !is.factor(y)) 5 else 1, maxnodes = NULL, importance=FALSE, localImp=FALSE, nPerm=1, proximity, oob.prox=proximity, norm.votes=TRUE, do.trace=FALSE, keep.forest=!is.null(y) && is.null(xtest), corr.bias=FALSE, keep.inbag=FALSE, ...) # S3 method for randomForest print(x, ...) from https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/randomForest/versions/4.6-14/topics/randomForest sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=10, criterion=’gini’, max_depth=None, min_samples_split=2, min_samples_leaf=1, min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.0, max_features=’auto’, max_leaf_nodes=None, min_impurity_decrease=0.0, min_impurity_split=None, bootstrap=True, oob_score=False, n_jobs=1, random_state=None, verbose=0, warm_start=False, class_weight=None) from: http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestClassifier.html sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor(n_estimators=10, criterion=’mse’, max_depth=None, min_samples_split=2, min_samples_leaf=1, min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.0, max_features=’auto’, max_leaf_nodes=None, min_impurity_decrease=0.0, min_impurity_split=None, bootstrap=True, oob_score=False, n_jobs=1, random_state=None, verbose=0, warm_start=False) from: http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.ensemble.RandomForestRegressor.html random forest procedure STATO:0000550 log likelihood is a data item which corresponds to the natural logarithm of the likelihood. log likelihood is a data item commonly used to provide a measure of accuracy of a model. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia ogLik(object, ...) ## S3 method for class 'lm' logLik(object, REML = FALSE, ...) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-patched/library/stats/html/logLik.html log likelihood STATO:0000551 A data transformation process in which the Holm p-value procedure is applied with the aim of correcting false discovery rate Philippe Rocca-Serra Holm, S. (1979). A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 6, 65–70. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4615733. Holm fdr p.adjust(p, method = holm, n = length(p)) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/p.adjust.html Holm false discovery rate correction STATO:0000552 A data transformation process in which the Hommel p-value procedure is applied with the aim of correcting false discovery rate Philippe Rocca-Serra Hommel, G. (1988). A stagewise rejective multiple test procedure based on a modified Bonferroni test. Biometrika, 75, 383–386. doi: 10.2307/2336190 Hommel fdr p.adjust(p, method = hommel, n = length(p)) from: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/p.adjust.html Hommel false discovery rate correction STATO:0000554 number of cross-validation segments is a count which is used as input parameter in a cross validation procedure to evaluate a statistical model. Philippe Rocca-Serra number of cross-validation segments STATO:0000555 number of predictive components is a count used as input to the principle component analysis (PCA) Philippe Rocca-Serra number of predictive components STATO:0000556 number of orthogonal components is a count used as input to the orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) Philippe Rocca-Serra number of orthogonal components STATO:0000558 A statistical model term testing is a data transformation that accounts for the evaluation of a component of a statistical model or model term. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO statistical model term testing STATO:0000559 the Wald test is statistical test which computes a Wald chi-squared test for 1 or more coefficients, given their variance-covariance matrix. The Wald test (also called the Wald Chi-Squared Test) is a way to find out if explanatory variables in a model are significant. “Significant” means that they add something to the model; variables that add nothing can be deleted without affecting the model in any meaningful way Philippe Rocca-Serra Wald test for a term in a regression model: regTermTest(model, test.terms, null=NULL,df=Inf, method=c("Wald","LRT")) from: http://r-survey.r-forge.r-project.org/survey/html/regTermTest.html wald.test(Sigma, b, Terms = NULL, L = NULL, H0 = NULL, df = NULL, verbose = FALSE) from: https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/aod/versions/1.3/topics/wald.test Wald test STATO:0000560 the Rao-Scott test is a statistical test which tests the hypothesis that all coefficients associated with a particular regression term are zero (or have some other specified values). the LRT uses a linear combination of chisquared distributions Philippe Rocca-Serra Lagrange multiplier test Rao-Scott test Rao, JNK, Scott, AJ (1984) "On Chi-squared Tests For Multiway Contingency Tables with Proportions Estimated From Survey Data" Annals of Statistics 12:46-60. Rao score test regTermTest(model, test.terms, null=NULL,df=Inf, method=c("Wald","LRT")) from: http://r-survey.r-forge.r-project.org/survey/html/regTermTest.html Rao's score test STATO:0000561 the frequency (i.e., the proportion) of possible confidence intervals that contain the true value of their corresponding parameter. In other words, if confidence intervals are constructed using a given confidence level in an infinite number of independent experiments, the proportion of those intervals that contain the true value of the parameter will match the confidence level. A probability measure of the reliability of an inferential statistical test that has been applied to sample data and which is provided along with the confidence interval for the output statistic. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confidence_interval and from: http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191792236.001.0001/acref-9780191792236-e-103?rskey=tQCMI6&result=1 confidence level STATO:0000562 http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/A121160.html It is a measure of how precise is an estimate of the statistical parameter is. Standard error is the estimated standard deviation of an estimate. It measures the uncertainty associated with the estimate. Compared with the standard deviations of the underlying distribution, which are usually unknown, standard errors can be calculated from observed data. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia and from SAGE research method article http://methods.sagepub.com/reference/encyc-of-research-design/n435.xml standard error of estimate STATO:0000563 Biplots are a type of exploratory graph used in statistics, a generalization of the simple two-variable scatterplot. A biplot is constructed by using the singular value decomposition (SVD) to obtain a low-rank approximation to a transformed version of the data matrix X, whose n rows are the samples (also called the cases, or objects), and whose p columns are the variables. The biplot was introduced by K. Ruben Gabriel (1971). Philippe Rocca-Serra Gabriel, K. R. (1971). The biplot graphic display of matrices with application to principal component analysis. Biometrika, 58(3), 453–467. adapted from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biplot Last accessed: 04/07/2018 biplot(x, y, var.axes = TRUE, col, cex = rep(par("cex"), 2), xlabs = NULL, ylabs = NULL, expand = 1, xlim = NULL, ylim = NULL, arrow.len = 0.1, main = NULL, sub = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, ...) from: http://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/biplot.html last accessed: 04/07/2018 biplot STATO:0000564 The coefficient of determination is a data item measuring the proportion of the variance in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s). In the case of a linear regression mode, the coefficient of determination r2 is the quotient of the variances of the fitted values and observed values of the dependent variable. r2 > eruption.lm = lm(eruptions ~ waiting, data=faithful) > summary(eruption.lm)$r.squared from: http://www.r-tutor.com/elementary-statistics/simple-linear-regression/coefficient-determination coefficient of determination STATO:0000565 a regression coefficient is a data item generated by a type of data transformation called a regression, which aims to model a response variable by expression the predictor variables as part of a function where variable terms are modified by a number. A regression coefficient is one such number. Philippe Rocca-Serra regression coefficient STATO:0000566 An eigenvalue is a data item resulting from a data transformation known as eigen value decomposition. It also corresponds to a process of matrix diagonalization or any equivalent operation, ie. transforming the underlying system of equations into a special set of coordinate axes in which the matrix takes this canonical form. Each eigenvalue is paired with a corresponding so-called eigenvector. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Eigenvalue.html last accessed: 04/07/2018 eigen(x, symmetric, only.values = FALSE, EISPACK = FALSE) https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/base/html/eigen.html eigenvalue STATO:0000567 Factor analysis is a dimension reduction data transformation that is used to describe variability among observed, correlated variables in terms of a potentially lower number of unobserved variables called factors. Factor analysis is related to principal component analysis (PCA), but the two are not identical. Both PCA and factor analysis aim to reduce the dimensionality of a set of data, but the approaches taken to do so are different for the two techniques. Factor analysis is clearly designed with the objective to identify certain unobservable factors from the observed variables, whereas PCA does not directly address this objective; at best, PCA provides an approximation to the required factors. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_analysis last accessed: 04/07/2018 Cattell, R. B. (1952). Factor analysis. New York: Harper factanal(x, factors, data = NULL, covmat = NULL, n.obs = NA, subset, na.action, start = NULL, scores = c("none", "regression", "Bartlett"), rotation = "varimax", control = NULL, ...) https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/factanal.html factor analysis STATO:0000568 In factor analysis, factor loadings express the relationship of each variable to the underlying factor. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Serra-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_analysis https://www.theanalysisfactor.com/factor-analysis-1-introduction/ factor loadings https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/stats/html/loadings.html loadings STATO:0000569 The score indicates how sensitive a likelihood function L(\Theta,X) is to its parameter \Theta. Explicitly, the score for \Theta is the gradient of the log-likelihood with respect to \Theta. Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Serra-Serra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Score_(statistics) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/bnlearn/versions/4.3/topics/score efficient score informant score function score score STATO:0000570 The selectivity ratio (SR) is defined as the ratio of explained vexpl,i to residual variance vres,i for the variable i on the target projection (TP) component in the context of Partial Least Squares Analysis. Philippe Rocca-Serra https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/cem.1289 selectivity ratio selectivity ratio STATO:0000571 Partial least squares regression (PLS regression) is a data transformation that bears some relation to principal components regression; instead of finding hyperplanes of maximum variance between the response and independent variables, it finds a linear regression model by projecting the predicted variables and the observable variables to a new space. Because both the X and Y data are projected to new spaces, the PLS family of methods are known as bilinear factor models. Partial least squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) is a variant used when the Y is categorical. PLS is used to find the fundamental relations between two matrices (X and Y), i.e. a latent variable approach to modeling the covariance structures in these two spaces. A PLS model will try to find the multidimensional direction in the X space that explains the maximum multidimensional variance direction in the Y space. PLS regression is particularly suited when the matrix of predictors has more variables than observations, and when there is multicollinearity among X values. By contrast, standard regression will fail in these cases (unless it is regularized). Partial least squares was introduced by the Swedish statistician Herman O. A. Wold, who then developed it with his son, Svante Wold. An alternative term for PLS (and more correct according to Svante Wold[1]) is projection to latent structures, but the term partial least squares is still dominant in many areas. Although the original applications were in the social sciences, PLS regression is today most widely used in chemometrics and related areas. It is also used in bioinformatics, sensometrics, neuroscience and anthropology. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra PLS adapted from wikipedia: last accessed on 24/07/2018 from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_least_squares_regression Partial least squares analysis https://rpubs.com/omicsdata/pls http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cross_decomposition.PLSRegression.html Partial Least Square regression STATO:0000572 a version of PLS used for classification, where the input y-block are group labels (categorical variable) rather than a continuous variable term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra PLS-DA adapted from wikipedia partial least squares discriminant analysis # S3 method for default plsda(x, y, ncomp = 2, probMethod = "softmax", prior = NULL, ...) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/caret/versions/6.0-80/topics/plsda http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.cross_decomposition.PLSRegression.html Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis STATO:0000573 The arithmetic mean is defined as the sum of the numerical values of each and every observation divided by the total number of observations. S The arithmetic mean A is defined by the formula A=sum[Ai] / n where i ranges from 1 to n and Ai represents the value of individual observations. The arithmetic mean is significantly affected by extreme values and outliers. A better measure of central tendency is the median (http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000574). replaced OBI import following addition of restrictions and use in STATO. however the xref to OBI is kept as class metadata Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO arithmetic mean http://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.mean.html average value http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000679 STATO:0000574 The median is that value of the variate which divides the total frequency into two halves. The median is measure of central tendency of data. It is obtained by arranging the observations in order from smallest to largest value. If there is an odd number of observations, the median is the middle value. If there is an even number of observations, the median is the average of the two middle values. PRS and AGB added restriction about 'measure of central tendency' and quartile, june 2013 on 'centre value' OBI class. replaced OBI import following addition of restrictions and use in STATO. however the xref to OBI is kept as class metadata Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Philippe Rocca-Serra second quartile A Dictionary of Statistical Terms, 5th edition, prepared for the International Statistical Institute by F.H.C. Marriott. Published for the International Statistical Institute by Longman Scientific and Technical. and Wolfram Alpha median center value http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000674 STATO:0000575 a data transformation which finds principal component by applying non-linear iterative partial least squares algorithm term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra NIPALS https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nipals/vignettes/nipals_algorithm.pdf nipals(x, ncomp = min(nrow(x), ncol(x)), center = TRUE, scale = TRUE, maxiter = 500, tol = 1e-06, startcol = 0, fitted = FALSE, force.na = FALSE, gramschmidt = TRUE, verbose = FALSE) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/mixOmics/versions/6.3.2/topics/nipals non-iterative Partial Least Squares STATO:0000576 A novel algorithm for partial least squares (PLS) regression, SIMPLS, is proposed which calculates the PLS factors directly as linear combinations of the original variables. The PLS factors are determined such as to maximize a covariance criterion, while obeying certain orthogonality and normalization restrictions. This approach follows that of other traditional multivariate methods. The construction of deflated data matrices as in the nonlinear iterative partial least squares (NIPALS)-PLS algorithm is avoided. For univariate y SIMPLS is equivalent to PLS1 and closely related to existing bidiagonalization algorithms. This follows from an analysis of PLS1 regression in terms of Krylov sequences. For multivariate Y there is a slight difference between the SIMPLS approach and NIPALS-PLS2. In practice the SIMPLS algorithm appears to be fast and easy to interpret as it does not involve a breakdown of the data sets. The acronym SIMPLS comes from 'straightforward implementation of a statistically inspired modification of the PLS method' term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra SIMPLS: An alternative approach to partial least squares regression Sijmen de Jong https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(93)85002-X simpls(X, Y, ncomp, stripped = FALSE, ...) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/cocorresp/versions/0.3-0/topics/simpls SIMPLS STATO:0000577 a partial least square regression applied when there is only one variable in Y (the matrix of response variables), or it is desirable to model and optimize separately the performance of each of the variables in Y. This case is usually referred to as PLS1 regression (J = 1). term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra A comparison of nine PLS1 algorithms, Martin Andersson. https://doi.org/10.1002/cem.1248 plsreg1(x, y, nc = 2, cv = FALSE) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/plspm/versions/0.2-2/topics/plsreg1 PLS1 STATO:0000578 a partial least square regression applied to a multivariate response variable. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra a partial least square regression applied when there Y matrix of response variables is truely multivariate (J >1) https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(86)80028-9 plsreg2(X, Y, nc = 2) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/plspm/versions/0.2-2/topics/plsreg2 PLS2 STATO:0000579 improved kernel PLS is a data transformation which implement a very fast kernel algorithm for updating PLS models in a recursive manner and for exponentially discounting past data. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291099-128X%28199701%2911%3A1%3C73%3A%3AAID-CEM435%3E3.0.CO%3B2-%23 kernelpls.fit(X, Y, ncomp, stripped = FALSE, ...) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/pls/versions/2.6-0/topics/kernelpls.fit improved Kernel PLS STATO:0000580 variable importance in projection is a measure computed as part of a partial least square regression to accumulate the importance of each variable j being reflected by w from each component. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra VIP https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2012.07.010 and S. Wold, E. Johansson, M. Cocchi PLS: Partial Least Squares Projections to Latent Structures, 3D QSAR in drug design, 1 (1993), pp. 523-550 vip(object) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/mixOmics/versions/6.3.2/topics/vip variable importance in projection STATO:0000581 a data transformation which compute the singular-value decomposition of a rectangular matrix. The singular-value decomposition is very general in the sense that it can be applied to any m × n matrix whereas eigenvalue decomposition can only be applied to certain classes of square matrices. term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular-value_decomposition last accessed: 24/08/2018 svd(x, nu = min(n, p), nv = min(n, p), LINPACK = FALSE) https://www.rdocumentation.org/packages/base/versions/3.5.1/topics/svd numpy.linalg.svd(a, full_matrices=True, compute_uv=True) https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.14.0/reference/generated/numpy.linalg.svd.html singular value decomposition STATO:0000582 best linear unbiased estimator Philippe Rocca-Serra Henderson C. R., 1984 Applications of Linear Models in Animal Breeding. University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. ftp://tech.obihiro.ac.jp/suzuki/Henderson.pdf BLUE best linear unbiaised estimator of the fixed effect best linear unbiased estimator STATO:0000583 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24033541 "An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of a prebiotic on performance of partridge. The experiment was carried out with a total of eighty-day-old male Chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar chukar) chicks in a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments consisted of a control and an experimental treatment, and each treatment was replicated four times with 10 chicks per replicate." a completely randomized design is a type of design of experiment where the observation unit receive treatments (independent variable level) entirely at random. In other words, the observations unit are randomly assigned to treatments. Completely randomized designs differ from randomized complete block design and should not be confused as in the latter, a blocking variable is first use to assign experimental units to blocks. Then only, the members of each block are then randomly assigned to different treatment groups term request by Hanna Cwiek, https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/61 Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from http://www.stat.yale.edu/Courses/1997-98/101/expdes.htm and from A Dictionary of Statistics (3 ed.) , Graham Upton and Ian Cook Publisher: Oxford University Press Print Publication Date: 2014 Print ISBN-13: 9780199679188 http://animsci.agrenv.mcgill.ca/StatisticalMethodsII/R/crd/index.html completely randomized design STATO:0000584 the Wald statistic is a statistic is used during a Wald test, a test of significance of the regression coefficient; it is based on the asymptotic normality property of maximum likelihood estimates, and is computed as: W = b * 1/Var(b) * b In this formula, b stands for the parameter estimates, and Var(b) stands for the asymptotic variance of the parameter estimates. The Wald statistic is tested against the Chi-square distribution in the Wald test. term request from Hanna Cwiek: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/67 Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia and http://documentation.statsoft.com/STATISTICAHelp.aspx?path=glossary/GlossaryTwo/W/WaldStatistic Wald statistic STATO:0000585 degree of freedom calculation is a data transformation which is part of a stastical test and which aims to determine or estimate the number of degrees of freedom in a system. term request from Hanna Cwiek: https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues/68 Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO degree of freedom calculation STATO:0000586 a restricted randomized design is a kind of study design which uses randomization to allocate observation unit to treatment but where intuitively poor allocations of treatments to experimental units are avoided, while retaining the theoretical benefits of randomization. This is often the case when so-called 'hard to change' factors are used in an experimental design. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from wikipedia restricted randomized design STATO:0000587 https://www.nature.com/articles/srep35323/tables/1 the percentage of variance is an output of Principal Component Analysis which is obtained by forming the ratio of an eigenvalue divided by the sum of all eigenvalues. This produces a "percentage of variance" for each eigenvector. Philippe Rocca-Serra adapted from: https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/31908/what-is-percentage-of-variance-in-pca PoV http://scikit-learn.org/stable/modules/generated/sklearn.decomposition.PCA.html percentage of variance STATO:0000588 the scaled identity covariance structure is a type of covariance structure which has constant variance. The assumption is that there is no correlation between any elements. Hanna Cwiek Philippe Rocca-Serra Tom Nichols adapted from https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSLVMB_24.0.0/spss/advanced/covariance_structures.html scaled identity covariance structure Pathogen Transmission Head WB Whole Blood A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. [database_cross_reference: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165][database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood][database_cross_reference: https://github.com/obophenotype/uberon/issues/9][database_cross_reference: FMA:9670] UBERON:0000465 material anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. material anatomical entity UBERON:0000477 anatomical cluster Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. anatomical cluster Abdomen Retina The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates. Tibia The major preaxial endochondral bone in the posterior zeugopod. Nervous System The nervous system is an organ system containing predominantly neuron and glial cells. In bilaterally symmetrical organism, it is arranged in a network of tree-like structures connected to a central body. The main functions of the nervous system are to regulate and control body functions, and to receive sensory input, process this information, and generate behavior H Hair A filament, mostly protein, that grows from follicles found in the dermis[WP]. [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair] Esophagus U Urine Excretion that is the output of a kidney [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine][database_cross_reference: https://github.com/geneontology/go-ontology/issues/11025] T Tooth Skeletal element within the mouth (or in some species, upper part of the digestive tract) that is composed of dentine and is used in procuring or masticating food. [database_cross_reference: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165][database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooth_(animal)] Cerebrospinal fluid A clear, colorless fluid that is found in the brain and spinal cord. SL Saliva A fluid produced in the oral cavity by salivary glands, typically used in predigestion, but also in other functions. [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva][database_cross_reference: GO:0046541] P Plasma The liquid component of blood, in which erythrocytes are suspended. [database_cross_reference: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] S Serum Liquid derived from blood plasma that has clotting factors removed. [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_(blood)][database_cross_reference: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165] PL Placenta Organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin[GO]. The fetal portion of the placenta is known as the villous chorion. The maternal portion is known as the decidua basalis. The two portions are held together by anchoring villi that are anchored to the decidua basalis by the cytotrophoblastic shell. [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placenta][database_cross_reference: http://www.med.umich.edu/lrc/coursepages/m1/embryology/embryo/06placenta.htm] Feces Portion of semisolid bodily waste discharged through the anus[MW,modified] [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feces][database_cross_reference: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/feces] Trunk Organism subdivision which is the part of the body posterior to the cervical region (or head, when cervical region not present) and anterior to the caudal region. Includes the sacrum when present. Patella The patella, also known as the knee cap or kneepan, is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body. The primary functional role of the patella is knee extension. The patella has convergently evolved in placental mammals and birds; marsupials have only rudimentary, non-ossified patellae. In more primitive tetrapods, including living amphibians and reptiles, the muscle tendons from the upper leg are attached directly to the tibia, and the patella is not present. See also: fabella. Femur ME Meconium A dark greenish mass that accumulates in the bowel during fetal life and is discharged shortly after birth. [database_cross_reference: BTO:0000838] SU Sputum Matter ejected from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea, through the mouth. [database_cross_reference: Dorlands_Medical_Dictionary:MerckSource] N Nail A nail that is part of a manual digit. [database_cross_reference: OBOL:automatic] CB Cord Blood Blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth[WP]. [database_cross_reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord_blood] "A unit of measurement is a standardized quantity of a physical quality." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] unit UO:0000001 length unit A unit which is a standard measure of the distance between two points. "A unit which is a standard measure of the distance between two points." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] length unit UO:0000002 mass unit A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of matter/energy of a physical object. "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of matter/energy of a physical object." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] mass unit UO:0000003 time unit A unit which is a standard measure of the dimension in which events occur in sequence. time derived unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the dimension in which events occur in sequence." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] time unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the flow of electric charge." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] electric current unit temperature derived unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] temperature unit "A unit which is a standardised quantity of an element or compound with uniform composition." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] substance unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] luminous intensity unit "A unit which is one of a particular measure to which all measures of that type can be related." [NIST:NIST] base unit prefix "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of a 2-dimensional flat surface." [UOC:GVG] area unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the rate of change of velocity in either speed or direction." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] acceleration unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the rate of angular movement about an axis; the angle rotated in a given time." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] angular velocity unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the rate of change of angular velocity." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] angular acceleration unit "A unit which represents a standard measurement of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance." [UOC:GVG] concentration unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the luminous intensity impinging on a given area." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] luminance unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the mass of a homogeneous substance containing 6.02 x 1023 atoms or molecules." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] molar mass unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the volume of a homogeneous substance containing 6.02 x 1023 atoms or molecules." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] molar volume unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the quantity of motion measured by the product of mass and velocity." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] momentum unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the number of rotations in a given time." [NIST:NIST] rotational frequency unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the volume of a given mass of substance (the reciprocal of density)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] specific volume unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the rate of movement. Speed is measured in the same physical units of measurement as velocity, but does not contain the element of direction that velocity has. Speed is thus the magnitude component of velocity." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] speed/velocity unit "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the number of moles of a given substance per liter of solution." [UOC:GVG] unit of molarity "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the number of moles of a given substance per kilogram of solvent." [UOC:GVG] unit of molality "A unit of concentration which highlights the chemical nature of salts." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] unit of normality "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of space occupied by any substance, whether solid, liquid, or gas." [NIST:NIST] volume unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the number of repetitive actions in a particular time." [NIST:NIST] frequency unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the force is applied when a mass is accelerated." [NIST:NIST] force unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the force applied to a given area." [NIST:NIST] pressure unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the work done by a certain force (gravitational, electric, magnetic, force of inertia, etc)." [NIST:NIST] energy unit "A unit which is a standard measure power or the rate of doing work." [NIST:NIST] power unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the luminous flux incident on a unit area." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] illuminance unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the flow of radiant energy." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] luminous flux unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of the action of a catalyst." [NIST:NIST] catalytic activity unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the figure or space formed by the junction of two lines or planes." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] angle unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the angle formed by two straight lines in the same plane." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] plane angle unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the angle formed by three or more planes intersecting at a common point." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] solid angle unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of radiation emitted by a given radiation source as well as the amount of radiation absorbed or deposited in a specific material by a radiation source." [OCRBS:OCRBS] radiation unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the transformation (disintegration) rate of a radioactive substance." [DEFRA:DEFRA] activity (of a radionuclide) unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the energy imparted by ionizing radiation to unit mass of matter such as tissue." [DEFRA:DEFRA] absorbed dose unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the expression of dose in terms of its biological effect." [ORCBS:ORCBS] dose equivalent unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the quantity that expresses the ability of radiation to ionize air and thereby create electric charges which can be collected and measured." [ORCBS:ORCBS] exposure unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the power of electromagnetic radiation at a surface, per unit area." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] irradiance unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the intensity of light." [NIST:NIST] light unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] radiant intensity unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the power of electromagnetic radiation through space or through a material medium in the form of electromagnetic waves." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] radiance unit "A dimensionless concentration notation which describes the amount of one substance in another. It is the ratio of the amount of the substance of interest to the amount of that substance plus the amount of the substance." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] parts per notation unit "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the number of units, as an agreed arbitrary amount, of a given substance per a specific volume of solution." [Webmd:Webmd] unit per volume unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the influence exerted by some mass." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] density unit "A density unit which is a standard measure of the mass exerting an influence on a one-dimensional object." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] linear density unit "A unit which is a standard measure of physical quantity consisting of only a numerical number without any units." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] dimensionless unit "A dimensionless unit which denotes an amount or magnitude of one quantity relative to another." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] ratio unit "A dimensionless ratio unit which relates the part (the numerator) to the whole (the denominator)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] fraction "A concentration unit which denotes the average cell number in a given volume." [Bioedonline:Bioedonline] cell concentration unit "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the amount of the action of a catalyst in a given volume." [UOC:GVG] catalytic (activity) concentration unit "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the given volume of the solute in the total volume of the resulting solution." [NIST:NIST] volume per unit volume "A concentration unit which a measure of viable bacterial numbers in a given volume." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] colony forming unit per volume "A concentration unit which a measure of plaque forming units in a given volume." [UOC:GVG] plaque forming unit per volume "A unit which is a standard measure of the work done per unit charge as a charge is moved between two points in an electric field." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] electric potential difference unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons." [WordNet:WordNet] electric charge "A unit which is a standard measure of quantity of magnetism, taking account of the strength and the extent of a magnetic field." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] magnetic flux unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the amount of information." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] information unit "An information unit which is a standard measure of the detail an image holds." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] image resolution unit "An image resolution unit which is a standard measure of the way luminance and chrominance may be sampled at different levels." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] spatial resolution unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the ability of a liguid to attraction of molecules at its surface as a result of unbalanced molecular cohesive forces." [NIST:NIST] surface tension unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the internal resistance of fluids to flow." [UOC:GVG] viscosity unit "A unit which represents a standard measurement of the transmission of an entity through a medium." [UOC:GVG] conduction unit "A unit which represents a standard measurement of the movement of electrically charged particles through a transmission medium (electrical conductor)." [UOC:GVG] electrical conduction unit "A unit which represents a standard measurement of the spontaneous transfer of thermal energy through matter, from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] heat conduction unit "A unit which is a standard measure of the volume of fluid which passes through a given surface per unit time ." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] volumetric flow rate unit "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the amount of a substance in a given container." [UOC:GVG] amount per container "A unit which is equal to one microgram per disk, where a disk is some physical surface/container upon which the substance is deposited." [UOC:MD] ug/disk "A unit which is equal to one nanomole per disk, where a disk is some physical surface/container upon which the substance is deposited." [UOC:MD] nmole/disk "A unit which represents a standard measurement occurrence of a process per unit time." [UOC:GVG] rate unit 10^[24] Y "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 24." [UO:GVG] yotta 10^[2] h "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one hundred." [UO:GVG] hecto 10^[21] Z "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 21." [UO:GVG] zetta 10^[18] E "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 18." [UO:GVG] exa 10^[15] P "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 15." [UO:GVG] peta T 10^[12] "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 12." [UO:GVG] tera 10^[9] G "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten to the power of 9." [UO:GVG] giga 10^[6] M "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of million." [UO:GVG] mega 10^[3] k "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one thousand." [UO:GVG] kilo 10^[1] da "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of ten." [UO:GVG] deca 10^[-1] d "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one tenth." [UO:GVG] deci 10^[-3] m "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one thousand." [UO:GVG] milli 10^[-2] c "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of one hundred." [UO:GVG] centi 10^[-6] "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -6." [UO:GVG] micro 10^[-9] n "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -9." [UO:GVG] nano 10^[-12] n "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -12." [GVG:UO] pico 10^[-15] f "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -15." [UO:GVG] femto a 10^[-18] "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -18." [UO:GVG] atto z 10^[-21] "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -21." [UO:GVG] zepto y 10^[-24] "A prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 to the power of -24." [UO:GVG] yocto "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the amount of a toxic or pharmaceutical substance administered to a recipient subject, expressed in terms of the size of the subject." [UO:PC] dose unit "A unit used to indicate the clarity of water or other solutions or suspensions, as measured by the ability of the solution or suspension to scatter light of a defined wavelength range." [UO:PC] turbidity unit "A unit of cell concentration which is equal to 1 cell in a well or discrete container of arbitrary volume." [UO:PC] cells per well "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the amount of radioactivity in a given volume." [UO:GVG] radioactivity concentration "A unit that is the ratio of concentration of two solutions of interest, typically with one solution derived from the other by the addition of solvent." [UO:PC] fold dilution "An area density unit which is equal to the mass of an object in tons divided by the surface area in hectares." [UO:GVG] ton per hectare A^[2] "An area unit which is equal to an area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 angstrom long." [UOC:GVG] square angstrom "A dimensionless ratio unit which, given a pair of quantities a and b, for which b is a multiple of a, denotes b by giving the multiplier (coefficient) c for a to result in b." [UOB:LKSR] ratio Vs/cm^2 volt-second per square centimetre "An electrical mobility unit which is equal to one volt second per square centimeter." [UOB:LKSR] volt-second per square centimeter us customary teaspoon "A United States customary units teaspoon is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions in America. It equals a 4.93 mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Cooking_measures] united states customary teaspoon metric tablespoon tbsp "A metric tablespoon is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions. It equals a 15mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablespoon] tablespoon "An Australian metric tablespoon is a unit of measurement of volume used in Australia for cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions. It equals a 20mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tablespoon] australian metric tablespoon us customary tablespoon "A United States customary units tablespoon is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions in America. It equals a 14.79 mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Cooking_measures] united states customary tablespoon C "A metric cup is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions. It equals a 250mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooking_weights_and_measures] metric cup us customary cup "A United States customary units cup is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions in America. It equals a 236.59 mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Cooking_measures] united states customary cup us fda cup "A United States FDA cup is a unit of measurement of volume used by the US Federal Department of Agriculture as a nutritional serving measure. It equals a 240 mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_customary_units#Cooking_measures] united states fda cup lbf/in^[2] psi "A pressure unit which is equal to 6894.757 pascal." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pounds per square inch pg/mL A gram per milliliter unit which is equal to one picogram per one milliliter. picogram per milliliter mcg/mcL ug/uL µg/µL "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in nanograms divided by the volume in microliters." [UOB:LTS] microgram per microliter A count unit that denotes a count of cells. cell count BPM A rate unit which represents a measurement of the number of an organism's heartbeats per one minute. heartbeats per minute MOI A ratio unit which denotes the quantity of infectious agents to infection targets. multiplicity of infection br/min brpm A rate unit which represents a measurement of the number of breaths taken by an organism per one minute. breaths per minute Ct A count unit of how many Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) cycles it took to detect a real signal from a sample. Equivalent to the PCR cycle number at which a sample's reaction curve intersects the threshold line. PCR quantification cycle A concentration unit which denotes the minimum amount of a substance in a solution that still yields a positive reading, as determined by serial dilution. titer meter based unit second based unit ampere based unit kelvin based unit mole based unit candela based unit angstrom based unit gram based unit degree Celsius based unit minute based unit hour based unit day based unit week based unit month based unit year based unit molar based unit molal based unit normal based unit mole fraction based unit meter per second per second based unit radian per second per second based unit radian per second based unit square meter based unit square centimeter based unit square millimeter based unit gram per cubic centimeter based unit candela per square meter based unit gram per mole based unit cubic meter per mole based unit cubic centimeter per mole based unit turns per second based unit cubic meter per kilogram based unit meter per second based unit cubic meter based unit cubic centimeter based unit liter based unit cubic decimeter based unit hertz based unit newton based unit pascal based unit joule based unit watt based unit lux based unit lumen based unit katal based unit radian based unit steradian based unit becquerel based unit curie based unit gray based unit rad based unit roentgen based unit sievert based unit Roentgen equivalent man based unit disintegrations per minute based unit counts per minute based unit century based unit half life based unit foot candle based unit watt per square meter based unit einstein per square meter per second based unit watt per steradian per square meter based unit watt per steradian based unit mass percentage based unit mass volume percentage based unit volume percentage based unit parts per hundred based unit parts per thousand based unit parts per million based unit parts per billion based unit parts per trillion based unit parts per quadrillion based unit gram per milliliter based unit gram per liter based unit unit per milliliter based unit unit per liter based unit mass per unit volume based unit enzyme unit based unit degree based unit pi based unit molecule count based unit purity percentage based unit confluence percentage based unit degree Fahrenheit based unit pH based unit liter per kilogram based unit cells per milliliter based unit katal per cubic meter based unit katal per liter based unit gram per deciliter based unit colony forming unit based unit plaque forming unit based unit colony forming unit per milliliter based unit plaque forming unit per milliliter based unit disintegrations per second based unit volt based unit coulomb based unit dalton based unit watt-hour based unit weber based unit tesla based unit volt-hour based unit bit based unit byte based unit chroma sampling unit based unit dynamic range unit based unit dots per inch based unit pixels per inch based unit pixels per millimeter based unit base pair based unit kibibyte based unit mebibyte based unit newton per meter based unit dyne per cm based unit pascal second based unit poise based unit effective dose unit based unit siemens based unit watt per meter kelvin based unit electronvolt based unit volt per meter based unit absorbance unit based unit count per nanomolar second based unit count per molar second based unit count per nanomolar based unit count per molar based unit dosage unit based unit relative light unit based unit relative luminescence unit based unit relative fluorescence unit based unit square micrometer based unit hectare based unit inch based unit thou based unit foot based unit yard based unit chain based unit furlong based unit mile based unit league based unit maritime length unit based unit fathom based unit cable based unit nautical mile based unit perch based unit rood based unit acre based unit fluid ounce based unit gill based unit pint based unit quart based unit gallon based unit grain based unit drachm based unit ounce based unit pound based unit stone based unit quarter based unit hundredweight based unit ton based unit slug based unit teaspoon based unit gram per square meter based unit large calorie based unit gray per minute based unit partial_least_squares_weight PLS weight is a information content entity which is generated when performing a Partial Least Square analysis term request from Ralf Weber and Gavin Lloyd, University of Birmingham Philippe Rocca-Serra PLS weight pedigree_data_set a dataset which is made up of pedigree information, that is presenting ancestry or lineage information in a set of individuals of an organism. Philippe Rocca-Serra pedigree data set response_variable_explained_by_fixed_effect_hypothesis this is experimental, do not use for markup, no STATO ID assigned Philippe Rocca-Serra response variable explained by fixed effect of predictor variable hypothesis response_variable_explained_by_interaction_effect_of_response_variable_hypothesis this is experimental, do not use for markup, no STATO ID assigned Philippe Rocca-Serra response variable explained by interaction effect of predictor variables hypothesis response_variable_explained_by_random_effect_hypothesis this is experimental, do not use for markup, no STATO ID assigned Philippe Rocca-Serra response variable explained by random effect of predictor variable hypothesis variance_component_estimate variance component estimate Attribute Cell D DNA Entity Genotype Object Process R RNA sio:SIO_000000 SIO_000000 Every thing is an entity. core entity sio:SIO_000004 SIO_000004 A material entity is a physical entity that is spatially extended, exists as a whole at any point in time and has mass. core material entity sio:SIO_000005 SIO_000005 A quality is an attribute that is intrinsically associated with its bearer (or its parts), but whose presence/absence and observed/measured value may vary. core quality sio:SIO_000006 SIO_000006 A process is an entity that is identifiable only through the unfolding of time, has temporal parts, and unless otherwise specified/predicted, cannot be identified from any instant of time in which it exists. core process+ process sio:SIO_000009 SIO_000009 A social entity pertains to the interaction among individuals and groups. social entity sio:SIO_000010 SIO_000010 A social structure is a social entity which consists of relationships between two or more entities. social structure sio:SIO_000012 SIO_000012 An organization is a collective with a complex articulation of tasks, roles and responsibilities. organization sio:SIO_000013 SIO_000013 A geographic position is the coordinate of an entity against some geographic coordinate system. geographic position sio:SIO_000014 SIO_000014 A disposition is the tendency of a capability to be exhibited under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger). core disposition solubility (to dissolve when put in fluid); fragility (disposition to break when dropped) sio:SIO_000015 SIO_000015 information content entity is an object that requires some background knowledge or procedure to correctly interpret. core ice+ information content entity sio:SIO_000016 SIO_000016 A role is a realizable entity that describes behaviours, rights and obligations of an entity in some particular circumstance. core role sio:SIO_000017 SIO_000017 A function is a capability that satisfies some agentive objective, or (evolutionary) optimization. core function sio:SIO_000019 SIO_000019 A site is a spatial region bounded (in part or in whole) by material entities and may be occupied by material entities. site A nostril; the interior of the heart valve; the interior of a bottle. sio:SIO_000022 SIO_000022 A material boundary is the boundary of a material entity which exists as a lower dimensional entity at exactly the location where its parts no longer extend into space. Every material entity has a boundary, and a boundary is the boundary of exactly 1 material entity. material boundary the external surface of the window; the surface of the p52 protein sio:SIO_000026 SIO_000026 An object quality is quality of an object. object quality sio:SIO_000027 SIO_000027 A process quality is quality that is associated with a process. process quality sio:SIO_000030 SIO_000030 A sequence is a primary structure descriptor in which each of the letters in the string represents a monomeric unit (residue) in which adjacent letters represent the connectivity between the monomeric units. biopolymer sequence sio:SIO_000031 SIO_000031 A start date is a time instant pertaining to the date of the beginning of a process. start date sio:SIO_000032 SIO_000032 An end date is a time instant pertaining to date of the end of a process. end date sio:SIO_000033 SIO_000033 process status is a process quality that describes the state of a process. process status sio:SIO_000034 SIO_000034 completed is that status of a process that successfully unfolds. completed sio:SIO_000035 SIO_000035 ongoing is the status of a process that is not yet complete. ongoing sio:SIO_000036 SIO_000036 predicted is the quality of an entity that is thought to exist, as evidenced by some rational procedure. predicted sio:SIO_000037 SIO_000037 physical dimensional quantity A spatial quantity is a quantity obtained from measuring the spatial extent of an entity spatial quantity sio:SIO_000038 SIO_000038 A quantity that extends in single dimension. 1D extent quantity sio:SIO_000039 SIO_000039 depth is the dimensional extent into a plane of a 3D projection of the object. depth sio:SIO_000040 SIO_000040 height is the one dimensional extent along the vertical projection of a 3D object from a base plane of reference. height sio:SIO_000041 SIO_000041 length is the longer dimensional extent along a 2D projection of the object. length sio:SIO_000042 SIO_000042 width is the shorter dimensional extent perpendicular to a 2D projection of the object. width sio:SIO_000043 SIO_000043 thickness is the shortest dimensional extent of a 3D projection of an object. thickness sio:SIO_000044 SIO_000044 A quantity that extends in two dimensions. 2D extent quantity sio:SIO_000045 SIO_000045 area is a quantity that pertains to the extent of a two-dimensional surface or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane. area sio:SIO_000046 SIO_000046 A perimeter is a length of the outline that surrounds a two-dimensional shape. length of perimeter sio:SIO_000047 SIO_000047 circumference is the length of the outline of a circle or ellipse. it is defined as c = 2*pi*r, where r is the radius. circumference sio:SIO_000048 SIO_000048 A quantity that extends in three dimensions. 3D extent quantity sio:SIO_000049 SIO_000049 volume is the quantity of three-dimensional space enclosed by some closed boundary. volume sio:SIO_000051 SIO_000051 composition quality is a quality that describes its composition or anatomy. compositional quality sio:SIO_000052 SIO_000052 A quantity is an informational entity that gives the magnitude of a property. quantity sio:SIO_000055 SIO_000055 shape is the quality of a bearer that relates to its spatial extent. shape sio:SIO_000056 SIO_000056 A measurement of a spatial location relative to a frame of reference or other objects. position sio:SIO_000057 SIO_000057 orientation is an angle between the bearer and an axis, or the angle between the bearer and another object. orientation sio:SIO_000067 SIO_000067 A namespace is an informational entity that defines a logical container for a set of symbols or identifiers. namespace sio:SIO_000069 SIO_000069 A data item consists of information that has been collected/generated towards some purpose. data item sio:SIO_000070 SIO_000070 A measurement value is a quantitative description that reflects the magnitude of some attribute. measurement value sio:SIO_000071 SIO_000071 A coordinate is a measurement of position in n-dimensional space. coordinate sio:SIO_000072 SIO_000072 A Cartesian coordinate is the signed distance of a point to some referent line. cartesian coordinate sio:SIO_000073 SIO_000073 A polar coordinate is a position characterized by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction. polar coordinate sio:SIO_000074 SIO_000074 A unit of measurement is a definite magnitude of a physical quantity, defined and adopted by convention and/or by law, that is used as a standard for measurement of the same physical quantity. unit of measurement sio:SIO_000075 SIO_000075 A mathematical entity is an information content entity that are components of a mathematical system or can be defined in mathematical terms. math+ mathematical entity sio:SIO_000076 SIO_000076 A plan is a set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal. plan sio:SIO_000077 SIO_000077 A generic name is the preferred name provided by manufacturer. generic name sio:SIO_000078 SIO_000078 A language entity implements some language specification for the visual interpretation and is part of some document. nlp+ language entity sio:SIO_000079 SIO_000079 A visual language entity is a language entity that is manifested within the spectrum of light and can be pereceived and processed by a visual system. visual language entity sio:SIO_000080 SIO_000080 diagram A figure is a graphical entity which consists of a visual (n-dimentional) arrangement of information entities. figure sio:SIO_000081 SIO_000081 depiction An image is an affine projection of a visual entity to a two dimensional surface. image sio:SIO_000082 SIO_000082 photo A photograph is an image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface. photograph sio:SIO_000083 SIO_000083 chart A statistical graph is a figure that displays the relationship among numeric data and/or mathematical functions. statistical graph sio:SIO_000085 SIO_000085 A question is a linguistic expression used to make a request for information. question sio:SIO_000087 SIO_000087 A publication is a document that has been made available by a publisher. publication sio:SIO_000088 SIO_000088 A record is a document containing a collection of statements about some entity. record sio:SIO_000089 SIO_000089 data set A dataset is a data item that is a collection of data items. http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Dataset dataset sio:SIO_000090 SIO_000090 A specification is a description of the essential technical attributes/requirements for an object or procedure, and may be used to determine that the object / procedure meets its requirements/attributes. specification sio:SIO_000091 SIO_000091 effective specification An action specification is a specification composed of a sequence of instructions to achieve some objective. action specification sio:SIO_000092 SIO_000092 A biopolymer is an organic polymer that are typically produced by the cells of living organisms. biopolymer sio:SIO_000094 SIO_000094 An algorithm is an effective method expressed as a finite list of well-defined instructions for calculating a function. algorithm sio:SIO_000097 SIO_000097 A software entity is a computational entity that can be interpreted by or directly executed by a processing unit. software entity sio:SIO_000098 SIO_000098 A software method (also called subroutine, subprogram, procedure, method, function, or routine) is software designed to execute a specific task. software method sio:SIO_000099 SIO_000099 A software module is software composed of a collection of software methods. software module sio:SIO_000100 SIO_000100 A software library is software composed of a collection of software modules and/or software methods in a form that can be statically or dynamically linked to some software application. software library sio:SIO_000101 SIO_000101 A software application is software that can be directly executed by some processing unit. software application sio:SIO_000102 SIO_000102 A software interpreter is a software application that executes some specified input software. software interpreter sio:SIO_000103 SIO_000103 A software script is software whose instructions can be executed using a software interpreter. software script sio:SIO_000104 SIO_000104 Language is a language entity which is the result of encoding and decoding information through systematic creation and usage of systems of symbols, each pairing a specific sign with an intended meaning, established through social conventions language sio:SIO_000105 SIO_000105 A symbol is a proposition about what an entity represents. symbol sio:SIO_000106 SIO_000106 A book is a publication composed of a large number of entries. book sio:SIO_000107 SIO_000107 A chapter is a document section of a book or thesis. chapter sio:SIO_000108 SIO_000108 A character is a language symbol used to construct words. character sio:SIO_000109 SIO_000109 A novel is a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism. novel sio:SIO_000110 SIO_000110 A paragraph is a self-contained unit of written discourse consisting of one or more sentences. paragraph sio:SIO_000111 SIO_000111 A document section is a component of a document. document section sio:SIO_000112 SIO_000112 A capability is a realizable entity whose basis lies in one or more parts or qualities and reflects possibility of an entity to behave in a specified way under certain conditions or in response to a certain stimulus (trigger). capability+ core capability sio:SIO_000113 SIO_000113 A sentence is a grammatical unit consisting of one or more words that bear minimal syntactic relation to the words that precede or follow it. sentence sio:SIO_000114 SIO_000114 A word is the smallest free form (an item that may be expressed in isolation with semantic or pragmatic content) in a language. word sio:SIO_000115 SIO_000115 An identifier is a label that specifically refers to (identifies) an entity (instance/type). identifier sio:SIO_000116 SIO_000116 A name is a label used to identify an entity. name sio:SIO_000117 SIO_000117 A preferred name is the name that is generally used by some organization. preferred name sio:SIO_000118 SIO_000118 A common name is a name that is commonly used. common name sio:SIO_000119 SIO_000119 A brand name is a trademarked and marketed name of a product. brand name sio:SIO_000120 SIO_000120 A scientific name is a name given through scientific nomenclature. scientific name sio:SIO_000121 SIO_000121 A magazine is a periodical that typically contains essays, stories, poems, etc., by many writers, and often photographs and drawings, frequently specializing in a particular subject or area, as hobbies, news, or sports. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Magazine magazine sio:SIO_000122 SIO_000122 A synonym is a word with the same or very similar meanings. synonym sio:SIO_000123 SIO_000123 An antonym is a word with opposite or nearly opposite meaning. antonym sio:SIO_000124 SIO_000124 A hypernym is a term with a broader meaning. hypernym sio:SIO_000125 SIO_000125 A hyponym is a term with a narrower meaning. hyponym sio:SIO_000126 SIO_000126 A homonym is a word that sounds the same but has different meaning. homonym sio:SIO_000127 SIO_000127 A workflow is an algorithm that is is a depiction of a sequence of operations to achieve one or more objectives. workflow sio:SIO_000129 SIO_000129 An ontology document is a document that contains an ontology. ontology document sio:SIO_000130 SIO_000130 A pattern is a generalized representation of some repeatable concrete or informational item. pattern sio:SIO_000131 SIO_000131 A sequence motif is a pattern of nucleotides in a DNA sequence or amino acids in a protein. sequence motif sio:SIO_000133 SIO_000133 A descriptor (index term, subject term, subject heading) is a term that captures the essence of the topic of a document. descriptor sio:SIO_000135 SIO_000135 A definition is a description that succintly characterizes an entity. definition sio:SIO_000136 SIO_000136 A description is language entity in which elements of a language (formal or natural) are used to characterize an entity. description sio:SIO_000137 SIO_000137 A category is a class of entities having particular shared characteristics. category sio:SIO_000138 SIO_000138 A class is a collection of sets which can be unambiguously defined by a property that all its members share. class sio:SIO_000140 SIO_000140 A web service is a software application that can be accessed over a network, such as the Internet, and executed on a remote system hosting the requested services. web service sio:SIO_000141 SIO_000141 A criterion is a specification to describe properties used for evaluation. criterion sio:SIO_000142 SIO_000142 An inclusion criterion is a criterion that must be present to satisfy some objective. inclusion criterion sio:SIO_000143 SIO_000143 An exclusion criterion is a criterion that must be absent to satistify the objective. exclusion criterion sio:SIO_000144 SIO_000144 A parameter is variable whose value changes the characteristics of a system or a function. parameter sio:SIO_000146 SIO_000146 A monomer is a submolecule that is proper part of some polymer, and is a building block for such polymer. monomer sio:SIO_000147 SIO_000147 A keyword is a descriptor in which the association of the word with the entity facilitates information retrieval. keyword sio:SIO_000148 SIO_000148 A document is a bounded physical or digital representation of a body of information designed with the capacity (and usually intent) to communicate. document sio:SIO_000150 SIO_000150 A list is any enumeration of a set of items. list sio:SIO_000151 SIO_000151 A manuscript is a document prior to publication. manuscript sio:SIO_000152 SIO_000152 A note is a brief document. note sio:SIO_000153 SIO_000153 A patent is an information entity granted by a patent issuing authority which confers upon the patenter the sole right to make, use and sell an invention for a set period of time. patent sio:SIO_000154 SIO_000154 An article is a publication that is stand-alone section of a larger work. article sio:SIO_000155 SIO_000155 A blog is a publication accessible at some website and is typically about various experiences. blog sio:SIO_000156 SIO_000156 A book volume is a book that is part of a collection. book volume sio:SIO_000157 SIO_000157 A conference proceedings is a book composed of papers presented at a conference. conference proceedings sio:SIO_000158 SIO_000158 A book series is a collection of books that have been sequentially published. book series sio:SIO_000159 SIO_000159 An edited publication is a publication that has been examined and potentially changed by an editor. edited publication sio:SIO_000160 SIO_000160 A journal is a a peer-reviewed periodical in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Journal journal sio:SIO_000161 SIO_000161 A manual is a document that instructs on the usage of a device. manual sio:SIO_000162 SIO_000162 A periodical is a publication that appears on a regular schedule. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Periodical periodical sio:SIO_000163 SIO_000163 A newspaper is a periodical publication containing news regarding current events, informative articles, diverse features, editorials, and advertising. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Newspaper newspaper sio:SIO_000164 SIO_000164 A technical report is a publication published by a school or other institution, usually numbered within a series. technical report sio:SIO_000165 SIO_000165 A thesis document is the written research component of a post-secondary institution that contains a statement supported by arguments. thesis document sio:SIO_000166 SIO_000166 An honor's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for an honor's undergraduate degree. honor's thesis sio:SIO_000167 SIO_000167 A Master's thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a Master's degree. master's thesis sio:SIO_000168 SIO_000168 A PhD thesis is a thesis prepared as a requirement for a doctoral degree. phd thesis sio:SIO_000169 SIO_000169 A booklet is a document that lacks a named publisher or sponsoring institution. booklet sio:SIO_000170 SIO_000170 A diary is a document which describes day-to-day experiences. diary sio:SIO_000171 SIO_000171 A bibliographic attribute is an attribute related to publications. document component sio:SIO_000172 SIO_000172 An address is a position that indicates the physical location of some entity using a social convention. address sio:SIO_000173 SIO_000173 An affiliation is a social relation which indicates the partnership between two or more entities. affiliation sio:SIO_000174 SIO_000174 A citation is a textual entity which denotes a source described in the bibliography or reference section of a document. citation sio:SIO_000175 SIO_000175 A document title is a textual entity that summarizes the topic of the document in one sentence. document title sio:SIO_000176 SIO_000176 A reference is a textual entity that describes a single source used in the preparation or development of the work. reference sio:SIO_000177 SIO_000177 A page range denotes the start and end page in some document. page range sio:SIO_000178 SIO_000178 A page total is a textual entity that is about the number of pages in some informational entity. page total sio:SIO_000179 SIO_000179 a label is a term that is associated with some entity label sio:SIO_000180 SIO_000180 A language label is a label that denotes the language of a textual entity. language label sio:SIO_000181 SIO_000181 A first name is a name that denotes a specific individual between members of a group of individuals, whose members usually share the same surname. first name sio:SIO_000182 SIO_000182 A last name (surname) is a name added to a given name and is part of a personal name and is often the family name. last name sio:SIO_000183 SIO_000183 full name A personal name is a name to identify an individual person and usually comprises of a first name and a last name. personal name sio:SIO_000184 SIO_000184 A legal name is a name given at birth, or which appears on their birth certificate, marriage certificate, or change of name certificate. legal name sio:SIO_000185 SIO_000185 A title is a textual entity that summarily describes some entity. title sio:SIO_000186 SIO_000186 A document version is a version of a work in some sequence of derivative works. document version sio:SIO_000188 SIO_000188 An abstract section is a document section that provides brief summary of a document that explains the main argument(s), topic(s) or findings. abstract section sio:SIO_000189 SIO_000189 An acknowledgements section is a document section that identifies individuals, groups or organizations for their support in the development of the work. acknowledgements section sio:SIO_000190 SIO_000190 An author contribution section is a document section that describes the contribution of the authors. author contribution section sio:SIO_000191 SIO_000191 An author section is a document section that lists the contributing authors. author section sio:SIO_000192 SIO_000192 A bibliography section is a document section that is composed of a list of references used in the development of the work. bibliography section sio:SIO_000193 SIO_000193 A copyright section is a document section that contains a notice of copyright. copyright section sio:SIO_000194 SIO_000194 A correspondence section is a document section that contains the details for contacting the corresponding author. correspondence section sio:SIO_000195 SIO_000195 The discussion section is a document section containing a summary of the findings, a reflection on the significance of findings, comparison with related work, among others. discussion section sio:SIO_000196 SIO_000196 An introduction section is a document section that generally provides background, motivation and goals of the work. introduction section sio:SIO_000197 SIO_000197 The materials and methods section is a document section containing a description of the materials and methods used in the study. materials and methods section sio:SIO_000198 SIO_000198 The materials section is a document section containing a description of the materials used in the study. materials section sio:SIO_000199 SIO_000199 The methods section is a document section containing a description of the methods used in the study. methods section sio:SIO_000200 SIO_000200 The results section is a document section describing the main findings of the study. results section sio:SIO_000201 SIO_000201 The table of contents is a document section that lists all sections (and optionally subsections) in a sequential order along with their page number. table of contents sio:SIO_000220 SIO_000220 Implication is a logical operator that holds between a set T of propositions and a proposition B, when every model (or interpretation or valuation) of T is also a model of B. implies (->) sio:SIO_000237 SIO_000237 A namespace label is a short name for a namespace. namespace label sio:SIO_000238 SIO_000238 A logical operator is a unary or binary relation to construct logical expressions. logical operator sio:SIO_000239 SIO_000239 AND is a logical operator that has the value true if both of its operands are true, otherwise a value of false. conjunction (and) sio:SIO_000256 SIO_000256 A proposition is a sentence expressing something true or false. proposition sio:SIO_000257 SIO_000257 A dimensionless quantity is a quantity that has no associated unit. dimensionless quantity sio:SIO_000258 SIO_000258 A dimensional quantity is a quantity that has an associated unit. dimensional quantity sio:SIO_000259 SIO_000259 An argument is a set of one or more declarative sentences (or propositions) known as the premises along with another declarative sentence (or proposition) known as the conclusion. argument sio:SIO_000261 SIO_000261 A premise is a proposition of an argument from which the conclusion is drawn. premise sio:SIO_000262 SIO_000262 A conclusion is a proposition which is reached after considering the evidence, arguments or premises. conclusion sio:SIO_000263 SIO_000263 A deductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises. deductive argument sio:SIO_000264 SIO_000264 An inductive argument is an argument that asserts that the truth of the conclusion is supported by the premises. inductive argument sio:SIO_000265 SIO_000265 A sound argument is a valid argument with true premises. sound argument sio:SIO_000266 SIO_000266 A valid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises and (consequently) its corresponding conditional is a necessary truth. valid argument sio:SIO_000267 SIO_000267 An invalid argument is an argument where the truth of the conclusion is false because it is not a logical consequence of the premises. invalid argument sio:SIO_000268 SIO_000268 truth value is a quality of information that is claimed/verified to be true or false. truth value true sio:SIO_000269 SIO_000269 true is a truth value that indicates that it holds under all possible worlds. true false sio:SIO_000270 SIO_000270 false is a truth value in that indicates that it is not true. false sio:SIO_000275 SIO_000275 A term is a word or phrase used to denote one or more entities. term sio:SIO_000276 SIO_000276 An emotion is a process (experience) that arises internally or from an involuntary physiological response to a stimulus. emotion++ emotion sio:SIO_000279 SIO_000279 mass is the quality of the amount of substance. mass sio:SIO_000280 SIO_000280 OR is a logical operator that results in true whenever one or more of its operands are true. disjunction (or) sio:SIO_000281 SIO_000281 NOT is a logical operator in that has the value true if its operand is false. negation (not) sio:SIO_000282 SIO_000282 XOR, also called exclusive disjunction or (symbolized XOR, EOR, EXOR, or ⊕), is a type of logical disjunction on two operands that results in a value of true if exactly one of the operands has a value of true. exclusive disjunction (xor) sio:SIO_000284 SIO_000284 A hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. hypothesis sio:SIO_000285 SIO_000285 An academic organization is a lawfully recognized organization that confers diplomas, degrees and other forms of recognition of academic achievement. academic organization sio:SIO_000287 SIO_000287 A social relation is a social entity that describes a relationship between two or more individuals or groups. social relation sio:SIO_000289 SIO_000289 A set is a collection of entities, for which there may be zero members. set sio:SIO_000290 SIO_000290 A university is an institution of higher education and research which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects and provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education. university 2 sio:SIO_000295 SIO_000295 A collection of documents is a non-zero set of documents. http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Collection collection of documents sio:SIO_000296 SIO_000296 A website is a collection of documents published on the World Wide Web. website sio:SIO_000297 SIO_000297 film moving pictures A movie is a series of images that are displayed in rapid succession to give the impression of movement. movie sio:SIO_000298 SIO_000298 An excerpt is a contiguous or discontiguous portion of a document. excerpt sio:SIO_000299 SIO_000299 A quote is a excerpt that is attributed to a particular source. quote sio:SIO_000301 SIO_000301 A geographic image is a photograph of some geographical area. geographic image sio:SIO_000302 SIO_000302 A web page is a document that is published according to World Wide Web standards. web page sio:SIO_000304 SIO_000304 Email message is a digital document that is composed of a header and a body and is transmitted using the SMTP protocol. email sio:SIO_000305 SIO_000305 process number is a number associated with a process that denotes its ordinal position in a set of processes. process number sio:SIO_000306 SIO_000306 A letter is a document that contains a personal communication from one part to another. letter sio:SIO_000307 SIO_000307 normality is the quality in which the value may differ from normal or average normality sio:SIO_000308 SIO_000308 An edition number is count of a literary work edited and published, as by a certain editor or in a certain manner including being printed during some interval of time. edition number sio:SIO_000309 SIO_000309 volume number is a count of a sequence of periodicals. volume number sio:SIO_000314 SIO_000314 A polymer is a molecule composed of a connected set of monomeric residues. polymer sio:SIO_000315 SIO_000315 A functional specification is a specification that describes the characteristics of an object. functional specification sio:SIO_000316 SIO_000316 A design specification is a specification that provides precise and explicit information about the requirements for a product design. design specification sio:SIO_000317 SIO_000317 A specification for spatial location is an effective specification towards representation spatial position or spatial data. spatial specification sio:SIO_000318 SIO_000318 Longitude is a geographic position that refers to the angle east or west of a reference meridian between the two geographical poles to another meridian that passes through an arbitrary point. longitude sio:SIO_000319 SIO_000319 Latitude is a geographic coordinate which refers to the angle from a point on the Earth's surface to the equatorial plane latitude sio:SIO_000320 SIO_000320 A coordinate system is a specification for spatial location that uses a set of numbers, or coordinates, to uniquely determine the position of a point or other geometric element. coordinate system sio:SIO_000321 SIO_000321 A Cartesian coordinate system specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances from the point to two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. cartesian coordinate system sio:SIO_000326 SIO_000326 A concept is term that refers to a generalization of a set of attributes or entities. concept sio:SIO_000327 SIO_000327 A polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction. polar coordinate system sio:SIO_000329 SIO_000329 A cylindrical coordinate system is a three-dimensional coordinate system that specifies point positions by the distance from a chosen reference axis, the direction from the axis relative to a chosen reference direction, and the distance from a chosen reference plane perpendicular to the axis. cylindrical coordinate system sio:SIO_000330 SIO_000330 A spherical coordinate system is a coordinate system for three-dimensional space where the position of a point is specified by three numbers: the radial distance of that point from a fixed origin, its polar angle measured from a fixed zenith direction, and the azimuth angle of its orthogonal projection on a reference plane that passes through the origin and is orthogonal to the zenith, measured from a fixed reference direction on that plane. spherical coordinate system sio:SIO_000331 SIO_000331 An OWL ontology is an ontology as specified by the W3C OWL specification. OWL ontology 1 1 1 sio:SIO_000333 SIO_000333 A 3D cartesian coordinate is a coordinate that is composed of an x, y and z coordinate. 3D cartesian coordinate sio:SIO_000337 SIO_000337 An objective is a proposition that indicates a planned or anticipated outcome. objective sio:SIO_000340 SIO_000340 A realizable entity is an attribute that is exhibited under some condition and is realized in some process. core realizable entity sio:SIO_000342 SIO_000342 A term variant is a term that is a variant of another term. term variant sio:SIO_000343 SIO_000343 to modify is the capability to change some entity. to modify sio:SIO_000344 SIO_000344 to record is the capability to detect and transcribe information in a specified format on some physical medium. to record http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000368 sio:SIO_000345 SIO_000345 to magnify is the capability to increase the appearance of the size of an object. to magnify sio:SIO_000346 SIO_000346 to heat is a capability to increase the internal kinetic energy of a material. to heat sio:SIO_000347 SIO_000347 to cool is the capability to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material. to cool http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000387 sio:SIO_000348 SIO_000348 to freeze is the capability to decrease the internal kinetic energy of a material such that it changes state from a gas or liquid to a solid. to freeze http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000375 sio:SIO_000349 SIO_000349 to separate is the capability to i) distinguish some entities based on some attribute(s) and ii) subsequently physically displace them. to separate sio:SIO_000350 SIO_000350 to ionize is the capability to physically convert an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing charged particles such as electrons or other ions. to ionize sio:SIO_000351 SIO_000351 to supply energy is the capability to transfer energy from a source to a sink. to supply energy sio:SIO_000353 SIO_000353 to observe is the capability to watch attentively. to observe sio:SIO_000354 SIO_000354 dysfunction is a capability to act in a manner that is abnormal or opposite to the object's typical function. dysfunction sio:SIO_000357 SIO_000357 fitness is the quality of an object with respect to some stated functions or evolutionary adaptation. fitness sio:SIO_000358 SIO_000358 intent is a desire to realize a particular outcome. intent sio:SIO_000359 SIO_000359 purpose is the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists. purpose sio:SIO_000360 SIO_000360 A belief is a proposition that is believed to be true. belief sio:SIO_000366 SIO_000366 rank 0 tensor A number is a tensor of rank 0. number sio:SIO_000367 SIO_000367 A variable is a value that may change within the scope of a given problem or set of operations. variable sio:SIO_000368 SIO_000368 An equation is a mathematical statement that asserts the equality of two expressions. equation sio:SIO_000370 SIO_000370 region A spatial region is an object contained in some region of space. spatial region The airspace above Ottawa airport; the band around the northern hemisphere between 50 degrees N and 60 degrees N; the spatial region occupied by a bottle. sio:SIO_000371 SIO_000371 to measure is the capability to obtain information about some entity by examining its attributes in relation to some reference metric. to measure sio:SIO_000372 SIO_000372 to inject is the capability to administer a substance into some object through its external barrier. to inject sio:SIO_000373 SIO_000373 to boil is the capability to increase the internal kinetic energy of a material such that it changes state from a solid or liquid to a gas. to boil sio:SIO_000374 SIO_000374 to reduce energy is the capability to remove energy from a source. to reduce energy sio:SIO_000375 SIO_000375 to supply electricity is the capability to transfer electricity from a source to a sink. to supply electricity sio:SIO_000376 SIO_000376 to change appearance is the capability to change the material composition of an object. to change materially sio:SIO_000377 SIO_000377 to demagnify is the capability to decrease the appearance of the size of an object. to demagnify sio:SIO_000378 SIO_000378 to change appearance is the capability to change the visual attributes of an object. to change appearance sio:SIO_000379 SIO_000379 perception is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to fabricate a mental representation through the process of transduction, which sensors in the body transform signals from the environment into encoded neural signals. perception sio:SIO_000380 SIO_000380 to contain is the capability to bound or constrain a physical entity in some site. to contain sio:SIO_000381 SIO_000381 to immobilize is the capability to contain an entity in such a way that it may not move in space. to immobilize sio:SIO_000382 SIO_000382 to filter is the capability to retain certain entities based on selected attribute(s) while allowing other entities to pass through. to filter sio:SIO_000383 SIO_000383 to excite is the capability to supply energy to a materila by bombarding it with energetic particles (e.g., photons). to excite sio:SIO_000384 SIO_000384 to emit is the capability to release some physical entity (light, pollution, etc). to emit sio:SIO_000385 SIO_000385 to change energetically is the capability to change the energetic aspects of an object. to change energetically sio:SIO_000386 SIO_000386 to positively charge is the capability to remove an electron or add a positively charged ion to a chemical entity. to positively charge sio:SIO_000387 SIO_000387 to negatively charge is the capability to add an electron or negatively charged ion to a chemical entity. to negatively charge sio:SIO_000388 SIO_000388 to assemble is the capability to combine entities together into a larger object that persists in time. to assemble sio:SIO_000389 SIO_000389 to extract is the capability to remove certain entities based on selected attribute(s) while allowing other entities to remain. to extract sio:SIO_000390 SIO_000390 to transport is the capability to displace a material from one location to another. to transport sio:SIO_000391 SIO_000391 time measurement is a measurement value of the duration of some interval of time or a particular instant of time (against some frame of reference). Time intervals are specified as date/datetime ranges. time measurement the duration of my life; the duration of a surgical procedure, the moment of death sio:SIO_000392 SIO_000392 to change spatially is the capability to affect the physical movement of some entity. to change spatially sio:SIO_000393 SIO_000393 A patient is an individual that is the recepient of medical care. patient sio:SIO_000394 SIO_000394 A doctor is an individual who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. doctor sio:SIO_000395 SIO_000395 to modulate to regulate is to control or maintain the rate or speed of an object or process. to regulate sio:SIO_000396 SIO_000396 A file is an information-bearing object that contains a physical embodiment of some information using a particular character encoding. http://www.w3.org/ns/dcat#Distribution file sio:SIO_000397 SIO_000397 to provide is the capability to make available some object to another that requires it. to provide sio:SIO_000398 SIO_000398 A nurse is an individual that is involved in the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. nurse sio:SIO_000399 SIO_000399 A study subject is an individual that is the subject of the study. study subject sio:SIO_000400 SIO_000400 An x cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the x-axis of a cartesian coordinate system. x cartesian coordinate sio:SIO_000401 SIO_000401 An y cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the y-axis of a cartesian coordinate system. y cartesian coordinate sio:SIO_000402 SIO_000402 A z cartesian coordinate is the coordinate of an object onto the z-axis of a cartesian coordinate system. z cartesian coordinate sio:SIO_000403 SIO_000403 A study group is a group of individuals that are subjects in an observational or intervention study. study group sio:SIO_000404 SIO_000404 A professor is an individual that is a scholarly teacher. professor sio:SIO_000405 SIO_000405 A student is an individual who is attends an educational institution. student sio:SIO_000406 SIO_000406 An academic is an individual that participates in education and scholarship. academic sio:SIO_000407 SIO_000407 to increase the rate of formation is to regulate the rate of formation in a manner that increases this rate relative to a reference process. to increase the rate of formation sio:SIO_000408 SIO_000408 to investigate is the capability to uncover facts. to investigate sio:SIO_000409 SIO_000409 A mutual disposition is a disposition that simulataneously invokes another disposition when realized. mutual disposition sio:SIO_000410 SIO_000410 anger is disgust directed toward an equal status individual. anger sio:SIO_000411 SIO_000411 Hate is a deep and emotional extreme dislike, directed against a certain object or class of objects. hate sio:SIO_000412 SIO_000412 love is an emotion of a strong affection and personal attachment. love sio:SIO_000413 SIO_000413 A geolegal region is a geographic region which has causal powers confered by a legal entity. geolegal region The 50 kph zones in Ottawa; the geographic region occupied by France. sio:SIO_000414 SIO_000414 A geographic region is a spatial region whose boundaries are typically defined against some material frame of reference (like the earth). geographic region The spatial region occupied by the province of ontario; the spatial region occupied by a lake. sio:SIO_000415 SIO_000415 a geopolitical region is a geographic region recognized by social or legal convention. geopolitical region The geographic region bounded by Canada; the spatial region occupied by the US embassy in Ottawa. sio:SIO_000418 SIO_000418 A time instant is a temporal region which occurs instantaneously, e.g. having no duration. time instant at this moment; the moment at which a finger is detached in an industrial accident; the moment at which a child is born; the moment of death sio:SIO_000419 SIO_000419 A table is a figure that consists of an ordered arrangement of columns and rows. table sio:SIO_000423 SIO_000423 scatter chart scatter diagram scatter graph A scatterplot is a statistical graph which uses Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data. The data is displayed as a collection of points, each having the value of one variable determining the position on the horizontal axis and the value of the other variable determining the position on the vertical axis. scatterplot sio:SIO_000428 SIO_000428 A year is a period of time taken by a planet to make one revolution around the sun. year sio:SIO_000429 SIO_000429 A month is a period of time that divides the year. month sio:SIO_000430 SIO_000430 A day is a period of 24 hours. day sio:SIO_000431 SIO_000431 A century is a period of one hundred years. century sio:SIO_000432 SIO_000432 A millenium is a period of 1000 years millennium sio:SIO_000433 SIO_000433 An hour is a period of 60 minutes. hour sio:SIO_000434 SIO_000434 A minute is a period of 60 seconds. minute sio:SIO_000435 SIO_000435 A second (symbol: s) is the base unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) and is the second division of the hour by sixty, the first division by 60 being the minute. second sio:SIO_000436 SIO_000436 An informational quality is a quality that pertains to information. informational quality 1 1 sio:SIO_000437 SIO_000437 A 2D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along two dimensions using Cartesian coordinates. 2D cartesian point sio:SIO_000438 SIO_000438 Altitude is a distance above sea level. altitude sio:SIO_000439 SIO_000439 The center of mass (aka barycenter) is the weighted average location of all the mass in a body or group of bodies. center of mass 1 1 1 sio:SIO_000440 SIO_000440 A 3D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along three dimensions using Cartesian coordinates. 3D cartesian point 1 sio:SIO_000441 SIO_000441 A 1D cartesian point is a point whose position is specified along a single dimension using Cartesian coordinates. 1D cartesian point sio:SIO_000442 SIO_000442 line chart A line graph is a statistical graph in which lines contains the evaluation of functions or individual points connected by line segments. line graph Graph 1 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000443 SIO_000443 A bar graph is a statistical graph with rectangular bars of lengths proportional to that value that they represent. bar graph Graphs 3,4,5 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000444 SIO_000444 A horizontal bar graph is a bar graph in which the rectangular bars are horizontally oriented in space. horizontal bar graph Graph 3 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000445 SIO_000445 A vertical bar graph is a bar graph in which the rectangular bars are vertically oriented in space. vertical bar graph Graph 4,5 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000446 SIO_000446 A stacked bar graph is a bar graph in which each rectangular bar is partioned by the categorical value of each series of data. stacked bar graph Graphs 6,7 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000447 SIO_000447 A line-bar graph statistical graph that contains both lines and bars. line-bar graph Graph 8 in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000448 SIO_000448 A figure part is a part of a figure. figure part sio:SIO_000449 SIO_000449 A plot is a part of a figure that corresponds to the spatial region between the set of axes. plot The square portion of the chart bounded by lines that overlap with the two axes in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000450 SIO_000450 An axis is a line segment that is part of a statistical graph in which the position along the line corresponds to a numeric or categorical value. The value of a plotted geometric objects (e.g. point) can be obtained from the perpendicular projection of the position of the object onto the axis. Axis may also be associated with a textual description of what the values on the axis represents. axis The left vertical and bottom horizontal lines with tickmarks in Graph 1 http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000451 SIO_000451 A Cartesian coordinate axis is an axis whose behavior follows that of a Cartesian coordinate system. Cartesian coordinate axis sio:SIO_000452 SIO_000452 horizontal axis An x-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is aligned with the horizon. In most figures, this axis represents categories, such as months, market segments, or other non-numeric data. x-axis The horizontal axis in http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000453 SIO_000453 vertical axis A y-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is spatially oriented perpendicular to the x-axis. y-axis sio:SIO_000454 SIO_000454 A z-axis is a Cartesian coordinate axis that is spatially oriented normal to the plane formed by the x- and y-axes. z-axis sio:SIO_000455 SIO_000455 A category axis is an axis in which the position along the line is partioned into categories. category axis The horizontal axis corresponding to months of the year in graph 4 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000456 SIO_000456 A primary category axis is a category axis that either defines the sole value range or holds the larger set of categorical values specified by the secondary category axis. primary category axis The category axis that corresponds to years in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000457 SIO_000457 A secondary category axis is a category axis that defines a finer granular part (or subset) of the value range of the primary category axis. secondary category axis The category axis that corresponds to months in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000458 SIO_000458 A value axis is an axis in which the position along the line is partioned into numeric values. A value axis holds the properties of having a minimum and a maximum value, and is usually associated with tickmarks that indicate intervals along the axis. value axis The value axis that ranges from 3.0 to 7.4 and corresponds to billions of dollars in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000459 SIO_000459 A left value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the left of the plot area. left value axis The value axis that ranges from 3.0 to 7.4 and corresponds to billions of dollars in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000460 SIO_000460 A right value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the right of the plot area. right value axis sio:SIO_000461 SIO_000461 A scaled value axis is a value axis in which the value range was subject to a mathematic transformation. scaled value axis sio:SIO_000462 SIO_000462 A linear value axis is a value axis that corresponds to a scaling factor of 1 of the value range. linear value axis sio:SIO_000463 SIO_000463 A logarithmic value axis is a scaled value axis that corresponds to a scaling factor of the logarithm of the value range. logarithmic value axis sio:SIO_000464 SIO_000464 A data series is a data set composed of related values displayed in a statistical graph. data series Example: The two series that correspond to "Seasonally adjusted" and "Trend" are composed of the seasonally adjusted value of permits in each month and values from a trend derived from some mathematical tranformation across those values, respectively, in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000465 SIO_000465 A data point is a point that which corresponds to the projection of the values of measurement data against the axes of a statistical graph. data point sio:SIO_000466 SIO_000466 A global maximum stationary point is a data point that corresponds to a measurement value is larger than that of all other plotted datapoints. global maximal stationary point sio:SIO_000467 SIO_000467 A global minimum data point is a data point that corresponds to a measurement value is smaller than that of all other plotted datapoints. global minimal stationary point sio:SIO_000468 SIO_000468 A legend is a part of a figure that associates textual descriptions with symbols pertaining to plotted entities. legend The colored line segments and the adjacent textual descriptions in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000469 SIO_000469 A graph title is a title that describes a graph. graph title Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000470 SIO_000470 A primary title is a title that should be first used in describing some entity. primary title sio:SIO_000471 SIO_000471 subtitle, alternative title A secondary title is a title of lesser importance that should be used after the first title in describing some entity. secondary title sio:SIO_000472 SIO_000472 scientific data is data obtained from some scientific procedure. scientific data sio:SIO_000473 SIO_000473 A primary graph title is a primary title that describes a statistical graph. primary graph title "Total value of permits increased slightly in December" in Graph 1 of http://tinyurl.com/opwnvm sio:SIO_000474 SIO_000474 A secondary graph title is a secondary title that describes a statistical graph. secondary graph title sio:SIO_000475 SIO_000475 A biological quality is a quality held by a biological entity. biological quality sio:SIO_000476 SIO_000476 cellular quality is the quality of a cell cellular quality sio:SIO_000478 SIO_000478 A sequence variant role is a comparative role in which the composition of characters in a sequence differs when compared to another entity of similar type. sequence variant role sio:SIO_000479 SIO_000479 A variant role is a comparative role in which the value of an attribute differs when compared to another entity variant role sio:SIO_000480 SIO_000480 An insertion variant role is the role of an sequence that contains a sub-sequence that is considered to be an addition relative to the frame of reference. insertion variant role sio:SIO_000481 SIO_000481 A deletion variant role is the role of an sequence that lacks a sub-sequence relative to the frame of reference. deletion variant role 2 sio:SIO_000483 SIO_000483 A phrase is a group of words functioning as a single unit in the syntax of a sentence. phrase sio:SIO_000486 SIO_000486 A mouse is a small mammal belonging to the order of rodents, characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, and a long naked or almost hairless tail. mouse sio:SIO_000487 SIO_000487 A rat is a medium-sized, long-tailed rodent of the superfamily Muroidea. rat sio:SIO_000488 SIO_000488 A worm is a non-arthropod invertebrate animal that typically have a long cylindrical tube-like body and no legs. worm sio:SIO_000489 SIO_000489 Escherichia coli (e coli) is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm-blooded organisms. e.coli sio:SIO_000492 SIO_000492 to consume is the capability to internalize a material entity. to consume sio:SIO_000493 SIO_000493 A clause consists of a subject and a predicate. clause sio:SIO_000494 SIO_000494 to actively interact with is the capability to interact with another entity in a way that requires physical contact. to actively interact with sio:SIO_000498 SIO_000498 A person is an object that has certain capacities or attributes constituting personhood. person sio:SIO_000499 SIO_000499 to decrease the rate of formation is to regulate the rate of formation in a manner that decreases this rate relative to a reference process. to decrease the rate of formation 2 1 sio:SIO_000500 SIO_000500 A polygon vertex is a terminal point at which two polygon edges meet and are part of a polygon. polygon vertex 2 sio:SIO_000501 SIO_000501 A polygon edge is a line segment joining two polygon vertices. polygon edge sio:SIO_000502 SIO_000502 A polyhedral skeleton is a collection of polygon edges. polyhedral skeleton sio:SIO_000503 SIO_000503 A polygonal face is a polygon bounded by a circuit of polygon edges, and includes the flat (plane) region inside the boundary. polygonal face sio:SIO_000504 SIO_000504 A polyhedral surface is composed of polygonal faces. polyhedral surface sio:SIO_000505 SIO_000505 A polygon is a planar entity that is bounded by a closed path or circuit, composed of a finite connected sequence3 of straight line segments. polygon sio:SIO_000506 SIO_000506 A geometric entity is an information content entity that pertains to the structure and topology of a space. geometry+ geometric entity sio:SIO_000507 SIO_000507 A point is a geometric entity that is located in a zero-dimensional spatial region and whose position is defined by its coordinates in some coordinate system. point sio:SIO_000508 SIO_000508 An endpoint is a terminal point that is the last of an ordered pair of points. endpoint sio:SIO_000509 SIO_000509 A start point is a terminal point which is the first of an ordered pair of points. start point sio:SIO_000510 SIO_000510 A model is a representation of some thing. model sio:SIO_000511 SIO_000511 A line is curve that extends in a single dimension (e.g. straight line; exhibits no curvature), and is composed of at least two fully connected points. line 2 sio:SIO_000512 SIO_000512 A line segment is a line and a part of a curve that is (inclusively) bounded by two terminal points. line segment sio:SIO_000513 SIO_000513 A tick mark is a line segment that is spatially positioned perpendicular to the axis of a statistical graph and indicates the position of a specific numeric value (which may be indicated by an adjacent value label) on a value axis, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value (which may be indicated by an adjacent category label) on the categorical axis. tick mark sio:SIO_000514 SIO_000514 A major tick mark is a tick mark that indicates the position of a specific numeric value and is adjacent to its value label on the value axis, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value indicated by an adjacent category label on the categorical axis. major tick mark sio:SIO_000515 SIO_000515 A minor tick mark is a tick mark that indicates the position of a specific numeric value but has no adjacent value label, or is one of a pair of tick marks that delineates the boundary of a categorical value but has no adjacent category label on the categorical axis. minor tick mark sio:SIO_000516 SIO_000516 A ray is a line which that is bounded by a startpoint and extends outwards infinitely along one dimension. ray sio:SIO_000517 SIO_000517 A quadrilateral is a polygon with composed of four points and four line segments, in which each point is fully connected to two other points. quadrilateral sio:SIO_000518 SIO_000518 A rectangle is a quadrilateral in which one pair of line segments are parallel and the other pair are perpendicular to the first pair. rectangle sio:SIO_000519 SIO_000519 A bar is a rectangle that is located in the plot of a statistical graph in which its length is proportional to the values that it represents. bar sio:SIO_000520 SIO_000520 A triangle is a polygon composed of three points and three line segments, in which each point is fully connected to another point along through the line segment. triangle 1 1 sio:SIO_000521 SIO_000521 A directed line segment is a line segment that is contained by an ordered pair of endpoints (a start point and an endpoint). directed line segment 2 sio:SIO_000522 SIO_000522 An arrowed line is a directed line segment in which one or both endpoints is tangentially part of a triangle that bisects the line. arrowed line segment 1 sio:SIO_000523 SIO_000523 A single arrowed line is directed line in which the endpoint is tangentially part of a triangle that bisects the line. single arrowed line segment 2 sio:SIO_000524 SIO_000524 A double arrowed line is an arrowed line in which both terminal points are tangentially part of different triangles that bisect the line. double arrowed line segment sio:SIO_000525 SIO_000525 A horizontal line is a line that is positionally oriented with the horizon. horizontal line sio:SIO_000526 SIO_000526 A vertical line is a line that is positionally oriented perpendicular to the horizon. vertical line sio:SIO_000527 SIO_000527 A trend line is a line, line segment or ray that is part of a statistical graph which indicates a statistical or visual direction across categorical or value data. trend line sio:SIO_000528 SIO_000528 An increasing line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is positive. increasing line sio:SIO_000529 SIO_000529 An decreasing line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is negative. decreasing line sio:SIO_000530 SIO_000530 An plateau line is a line segment in which the startpoint and endpoint are ordered along one dimension and the difference of values in a second dimension is zero. plateau line sio:SIO_000531 SIO_000531 A drop line is a statistical graph line that vertically or horizontally connects a data series line with a value axis in a statistical graph. drop line sio:SIO_000532 SIO_000532 A terminal point is a point that defines the finite extension of a line. terminal point sio:SIO_000533 SIO_000533 A surface normal is a vector that is perpendicular to a flat surface. surface normal sio:SIO_000534 SIO_000534 A positionally oriented line is a line that is positioned against some axis of reference. positionally oriented line sio:SIO_000535 SIO_000535 A statistical graph line is a line used in a statistical graph to communicate some trend or feature of the embedded data. statistical graph line sio:SIO_000536 SIO_000536 to regulate the rate of formation is to modify the rate at which an object is formed. to regulate the rate of formation sio:SIO_000537 SIO_000537 curvature is a quality of a bearer that relates to the presence of curves, bends, or angles. curvature sio:SIO_000538 SIO_000538 straight is a quality of a bearer that is free of curves, bends, or angles. straight PATO:0002180 [for material entities] sio:SIO_000539 SIO_000539 An infinite line is a line that extends outwards in both directions of a single dimensional and is not bounded by terminal points. infinite line sio:SIO_000540 SIO_000540 A vector line is a line which that is bounded by a startpoint and extends outwards along one dimension. vector line sio:SIO_000541 SIO_000541 A vertext normal is the normalized average of the surface normals of the faces that contain that vertex. vertex normal sio:SIO_000542 SIO_000542 to serve as is the capability to act in a manner corresponding to some role. to serve as sio:SIO_000543 SIO_000543 to serve as host is the capability to act in a manner that provides hospitality, serves to harbour an organism in or on itself. to serve as a host sio:SIO_000544 SIO_000544 to infect is the capability to administer a disease-causing organism into some object. to infect 2 sio:SIO_000545 SIO_000545 polygonal chain, polygonal curve, polygonal path, piecewise linear curve A polyline is a connected sequence of line segments. polyline sio:SIO_000546 SIO_000546 A collection of points is a geometric entity that contains a non-zero set of geometric points. collection of points sio:SIO_000547 SIO_000547 to cause disease is the capability to materially change a biological object in that it functions abnormally. to cause disease sio:SIO_000549 SIO_000549 to activate to reduce the activation energy is to require a smaller amount of energy in order to form or break a chemical bond. to reduce the activation energy sio:SIO_000550 SIO_000550 to inhibit to increase the activation energy is to require a larger amount of energy in order to form or break a chemical bond. to increase the activation energy sio:SIO_000551 SIO_000551 to change the activation energy is to change the amount of energy required to form or break a chemical bond. to change the activation energy sio:SIO_000554 SIO_000554 A quality that has a value that is normal or average. PATO:0000461 normal sio:SIO_000555 SIO_000555 A quality that has a value that is outside normal or average. abnormal sio:SIO_000556 SIO_000556 A lipid residue is a part of an organic molecule that was derived from a lipid molecule. lipid residue sio:SIO_000559 SIO_000559 chemical synthesis is synthesis of a chemical entity from physical precursors through one or more chemical interactions or reactions. chemical synthesis sio:SIO_000561 SIO_000561 A molecular orbital (or MO) is a mathematical function describing the wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule. molecular orbital sio:SIO_000562 SIO_000562 passive transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane and does not require chemical energy. passive transport sio:SIO_000564 SIO_000564 diffusion is motion of particles at temperatures above absolute zero. diffusion sio:SIO_000565 SIO_000565 A diffusion equation describes density fluctuations in a material undergoing diffusion. diffusion equation sio:SIO_000566 SIO_000566 A movement equation describes the displacement of an object in space over time. movement equation sio:SIO_000567 SIO_000567 An ordinary differential equation (ODE) is a differential equation in which the unknown function (also known as the dependent variable) is a function of a single independent variable. ordinary differential equation sio:SIO_000568 SIO_000568 A partial differential equation (PDE) is a differential equation in which the unknown function is a function of multiple independent variables and the equation involves its partial derivatives. partial differential equation sio:SIO_000569 SIO_000569 A differential equation is a mathematical equation for an unknown function of one or several variables that relates the values of the function itself and its derivatives of various orders. differential equation sio:SIO_000570 SIO_000570 movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced. core movement sio:SIO_000571 SIO_000571 Brownian motion is the seemlingly random movement of particles suspended in a fluid. brownian motion sio:SIO_000572 SIO_000572 osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane down a water potential gradient. osmosis sio:SIO_000573 SIO_000573 passive movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced without an expenditure of energy contained in molecular bonds. passive movement sio:SIO_000574 SIO_000574 active movement is the process in which an object is spatially displaced using some chemical energy. active movement sio:SIO_000575 SIO_000575 transporting is a process in which one object physically moves another object from one location to another. transporting sio:SIO_000576 SIO_000576 membrane transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane. membrane transport sio:SIO_000577 SIO_000577 primary active transport, also called direct active transport, directly uses energy to transport molecules across a membrane. primary active transport sio:SIO_000578 SIO_000578 secondary active transport or co-transport uses electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell to transport molecules across a membrane. secondary active transport sio:SIO_000579 SIO_000579 symport enabled secondary active transport is a secondary active transfort in which both ion and molecule are transported in the same direction simultaneously. symport enabled secondary active transport sio:SIO_000580 SIO_000580 antiport enabled secondary active transport is a secondary active transfort in which both ion and molecule are transported in opposite directions simultaneously. antiport enabled secondary active transport sio:SIO_000581 SIO_000581 The self-propelled movement of an object. GO:0040011 locomotion sio:SIO_000582 SIO_000582 birthing is the process by which a biological organism is brought into existence. birthing sio:SIO_000583 SIO_000583 dying is a process in which a biological entity ceases to exist. dying sio:SIO_000585 SIO_000585 An idea is a proposition about some object of conceptual thought. idea sio:SIO_000587 SIO_000587 biological reproduction is the biological process by which one or more biological organisms are produced from their "parents". biological reproduction sio:SIO_000588 SIO_000588 creation development formulation production synthesis creating is the process in which an entity comes into existence. creating sio:SIO_000589 SIO_000589 regulation regulating is a process that modulates the attributes of an object or process. regulating sio:SIO_000590 SIO_000590 biosynthesis is the synthesis of an organic compound in a living organism, usually aided by enzymes. biosynthesis sio:SIO_000591 SIO_000591 destruction destroying is a process in which something is broken down and/or ceases to exist. destroying sio:SIO_000592 SIO_000592 chemical destruction is destruction of a chemical entity to its chemical constituents through one ormore chemical interactions or reactions. chemical destruction 2 2 sio:SIO_000593 SIO_000593 interacting is a process characterized by the interaction between two or more entities. core interacting sio:SIO_000594 SIO_000594 data transformation is the process of applying an algorithmic procedure to some input data and producing some output data. data transformation sio:SIO_000595 SIO_000595 A parameterized data transformation is a data transformation whose behaviour may be modified by one or more parameters. parameterized data transformation sio:SIO_000596 SIO_000596 A data storage device is a device that is capable of storing information. data storage device sio:SIO_000597 SIO_000597 A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device that uses solid-state memory to store persistent data. solid state hard drive sio:SIO_000598 SIO_000598 A hard disk drive (HDD) is a non-volatile, random access device for digital data. It features rotating rigid platters on a motor-driven spindle within a protective enclosure. Data is magnetically read and written on the platter by read/write heads that float on a film of air above the platters. hard disk drive sio:SIO_000600 SIO_000600 structure is the specification that refers to the composition and arrangement of parts of an object. structure sio:SIO_000602 SIO_000602 A computational entity is an information content entity operated on using some computational system. computational entity sio:SIO_000605 SIO_000605 A sound wave is a mechanical wave that is an oscillation of pressure transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas, composed of frequencies within the range of hearing. sound wave sio:SIO_000608 SIO_000608 A curve is a geometric entity that may be located in n-dimensional spatial region whose extension may be n-dimensional, is composed of at least two fully connected points and does not intersect itself. curve sio:SIO_000609 SIO_000609 regulation of a process is a process that modulates the duration, frequency, spatial extent of a target process. regulation of process sio:SIO_000610 SIO_000610 regulation of capability is the regulation of the ability of one party by another. regulation of capability sio:SIO_000611 SIO_000611 the regulation of the enzymatic activity. regulation of catalytic capability sio:SIO_000612 SIO_000612 A representation is a entity that in some way represents another entity (or attribute thereof). representation sio:SIO_000613 SIO_000613 offset A ordinal position is a number that designates the position of an entity from the first entity in an ordered sequence of entities. ordinal position sio:SIO_000614 SIO_000614 An attribute is a characteristic of some entity. core attribute sio:SIO_000616 SIO_000616 A collection is a set for which there exists at least one member, although any member need not to exist at any point in the collection's existence. collection 0 sio:SIO_000617 SIO_000617 An empty set is a set for which there are exactly 0 members. empty set sio:SIO_000618 SIO_000618 A standard is a socially-agreed upon specification. standard sio:SIO_000619 SIO_000619 A regulatory authority is an organization responsible for exercising regulatory or supervisory capacity in some area of human activity. regulatory authority sio:SIO_000620 SIO_000620 group A collective is a group of entities that share or are motivated by at least one common issue or interest, or work together on a specific project(s) to achieve a common objective. collective sio:SIO_000621 SIO_000621 A formal specification is a mathematical description of software or hardware that may be used to develop an implementation. formal specification sio:SIO_000622 SIO_000622 An RDFS ontology is an ontology that conforms to the syntax and semantics of the Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS). RDFS ontology sio:SIO_000623 SIO_000623 An OBO ontology is an ontology document as specified by the Open Biological Ontology community. OBO ontology sio:SIO_000624 SIO_000624 chemical group A chemical functional group is a submolecule that confers specific chemical properties. chemical functional group sio:SIO_000625 SIO_000625 chemical structure is the structure of a chemical entity in terms of its molecular geometry and electronic structure. chemical structure sio:SIO_000626 SIO_000626 molecular geometry molecular structure is the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together. molecular structure sio:SIO_000638 SIO_000638 A probability measure is quantity of how likely it is that some event will occur. probability measure sio:SIO_000639 SIO_000639 to passively interact with is the capability to interact with another entity in a way that does not require physical contact. to passively interact with sio:SIO_000640 SIO_000640 A quality that has a value that is increased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002300 increased sio:SIO_000647 SIO_000647 A process model is a representation of some process. process model sio:SIO_000648 SIO_000648 An object model is a representation of an object. object model sio:SIO_000649 SIO_000649 information processing is a process that involves the generation or use of information. information processing sio:SIO_000650 SIO_000650 A wave is a physical entity that travels through space and time, consist of oscillations or vibrations and may be accompanied by the transfer of energy. wave sio:SIO_000651 SIO_000651 A textual entity is language entity that is manifested as a sequence of one or more distinct characters. textual entity sio:SIO_000653 SIO_000653 A version label is a label for a particular form or variation of an earlier or original type. version label sio:SIO_000654 SIO_000654 A software version label is a version label for a piece of software. software version label major.minor[.build[.revision]] sio:SIO_000660 SIO_000660 A hole is a site that is opening into or through something. hole sio:SIO_000661 SIO_000661 A province is a territorial unit, almost always an administrative division, within a country or state. province sio:SIO_000662 SIO_000662 A state is a set of governing and supportive institutions that have sovereignty over a definite territory and population. state sio:SIO_000663 SIO_000663 A territory is a non-sovereign geographic region. territory sio:SIO_000664 SIO_000664 A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography. country sio:SIO_000665 SIO_000665 A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. city sio:SIO_000666 SIO_000666 A township is a rural or sub-urban settlement. township sio:SIO_000667 SIO_000667 software execution is the process of executing software on a computing device. software execution sio:SIO_000669 SIO_000669 A start time is a time instant pertaining to the time at which a process begins. start time sio:SIO_000670 SIO_000670 An end time is a time instant pertaining to the time at which a process ends. end time sio:SIO_000675 SIO_000675 A unique identifier is an identifier that uniquely identifies some thing. unique identifier sio:SIO_000676 SIO_000676 A social role is a role that is ascribed to individuals in a community. social role sio:SIO_000677 SIO_000677 A processual role is a role that can only be realized in a process. processual role sio:SIO_000678 SIO_000678 An abstract role is a role whose basis lies in spatial/temporal or comparative relations. abstract role sio:SIO_000683 SIO_000683 A justification is a proposition that defends, explains or excuses some argument. justification sio:SIO_000686 SIO_000686 An academic department is a division of a university or school faculty devoted to a particular academic discipline. academic department sio:SIO_000688 SIO_000688 institute is a society or organization having a object or common factor, and is normally applied to those with a scientific, educational, or social objective. institute sio:SIO_000689 SIO_000689 to be a part of is the capability to be assembled into a larger structure that persists in time. to be a part of sio:SIO_000690 SIO_000690 to associate is the capability to physically interact with another object. to associate sio:SIO_000692 SIO_000692 to be actively interacted with is the capability to be manipulated by some device or agent. to be actively interacted with sio:SIO_000693 SIO_000693 A corporation is an organization that is granted a charter recognizing it as a separate legal entity. corporation sio:SIO_000694 SIO_000694 to be passively interacted with is the capability of an object to be observed. to be passively interacted with sio:SIO_000695 SIO_000695 to be recorded is the capability of an object to be observed in such a way that information about it can be transcribed in a specified format on some physical medium. to be recorded sio:SIO_000696 SIO_000696 to be observed is the capability of an object to be perceived. to be observed sio:SIO_000698 SIO_000698 to disassemble is to physically separate the parts of an object. to disassemble sio:SIO_000700 SIO_000700 to disassociate is to cease or break association with some thing. to disassociate sio:SIO_000701 SIO_000701 to interact with is a capabililty that involves another object. to interact with sio:SIO_000702 SIO_000702 to be interacted with is the capability of an object to be target of a physical interaction. to be interacted with sio:SIO_000703 SIO_000703 evolving is a process that elicits change across successive generations in the inherited characteristics of biological populations. evolving sio:SIO_000704 SIO_000704 A positional role is an abstract role which holds by comparing position to another object of reference. positional role sio:SIO_000705 SIO_000705 A specification of an object, manifested by an agent, intended to accomplish goals, in a particular environment, using a set of primitive components, satisfying a set of requirements, subject to constraints. design sio:SIO_000706 SIO_000706 An occupational role is a social role that pertains to an organizational structure. occupational role sio:SIO_000707 SIO_000707 A student role is the role of an individual that is enrolled in courses at an academic institution. student role sio:SIO_000708 SIO_000708 A professor role is the role of an individual that is involved in teaching of students (undergraduate and/or graduate) at a post-secondary academic institution. professor role sio:SIO_000711 SIO_000711 An academic role is a social role that pertains to the academic institution. academic role sio:SIO_000712 SIO_000712 A medical role is the role of an individual that is a participant in the delivery of medical care. medical role sio:SIO_000713 SIO_000713 physician A doctor role is the role of an individual who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. doctor role sio:SIO_000714 SIO_000714 A nurse role is the role of an individual that is involved in the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations. nurse role sio:SIO_000715 SIO_000715 A patient role is the role of an individual that is the recepient of medical care. patient role sio:SIO_000716 SIO_000716 A medical practioner is an individual that provides medical care. medical practitioner sio:SIO_000717 SIO_000717 A dentist role is the role of an individual that that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity. dentist role sio:SIO_000719 SIO_000719 to move to translocate is the capability to displace oneself from one location to another. to translocate sio:SIO_000720 SIO_000720 to be moved to be translocated is the capability to be physically displaced from one location to another to be translocated sio:SIO_000721 SIO_000721 A comparative role is an abstract role which holds by comparing some attribute of another object of reference. comparative role sio:SIO_000722 SIO_000722 to be compared is the capability of an object to be examined in order to note the similarities or differences among a set of objects. to be compared sio:SIO_000723 SIO_000723 to compare is the capability to examine in order to note the similarities or differences among a set of objects. to compare sio:SIO_000724 SIO_000724 to examine is the capability to make detailed observation. to examine sio:SIO_000725 SIO_000725 to be examined is the capability of an object to be observed in a detailed manner. to be examined sio:SIO_000726 SIO_000726 An administrative role is the role of an individual that performs administrative tasks for some organization. administrative role sio:SIO_000727 SIO_000727 A secretary role is the role of an individual that performs administrative tasks to support one or more individuals of the same organization. secretary role sio:SIO_000728 SIO_000728 A chemical identifier is an identifier for a chemical entity chemical identifier sio:SIO_000729 SIO_000729 A record identifier is an identifier for a database entry. record identifier sio:SIO_000730 SIO_000730 A physical entity identifier is an identifier for a physical entity. physical entity identifier sio:SIO_000731 SIO_000731 An informational entity identifier is an identifier for an informational entity. informational entity identifier sio:SIO_000732 SIO_000732 A molecular identifier is an identifier for a molecular entity. molecular identifier sio:SIO_000739 SIO_000739 planning is the agentive process of developing a plan that specifies a set of actions in order to meet a set of goals or objectives. planning sio:SIO_000740 SIO_000740 A curve segment is a part of a curve that consists of at least three points. curve segment sio:SIO_000741 SIO_000741 A stationary point is a point that is part of a curve in which the derivative at that point is zero, and hence its value is at least a local maximum or minimum. stationary point sio:SIO_000742 SIO_000742 A local maximum stationary point is a point that has a higher value in some axis than adjacent points. local maximum stationary point sio:SIO_000743 SIO_000743 A local minimum stationary point is a point that has a lower value in some axis than adjacent points. local minimum stationary point sio:SIO_000744 SIO_000744 learning is the agentive process of acquiring knowledge. learning sio:SIO_000745 SIO_000745 comparison comparing is the process of examining a set of objects and determining their equality or inequality based on one or more features. comparing sio:SIO_000746 SIO_000746 reasoning is the agentive process of using knowledge to evaluate the truth value of a proposition. reasoning sio:SIO_000747 SIO_000747 study investigation is the process of carrying out a plan or procedure so as to discover facts or information about the object of study. investigation sio:SIO_000748 SIO_000748 predicting is the process of formulating a proposition about a state of affairs which might be realized in the future. predicting sio:SIO_000750 SIO_000750 A database is a set of tables. database sio:SIO_000751 SIO_000751 A quality that has a value that is decreased compared to normal or average. PATO:0002301 decreased sio:SIO_000752 SIO_000752 A row represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table. row 0 sio:SIO_000753 SIO_000753 A column is a vertical sequence of cells in a cellular automata. column sio:SIO_000754 SIO_000754 A database table is a set of named columns with zero or more rows composed of cells that contain column values and is part of a database. database table sio:SIO_000755 SIO_000755 The minimal unit of a cellular automaton that can change state and has an associated behavior. cell (informational) sio:SIO_000756 SIO_000756 database record A database entry is a single, implicitly structured data item in a table. database entry sio:SIO_000757 SIO_000757 A database collumn is a column in a database table. database column sio:SIO_000758 SIO_000758 disordered is a structural quality in which the parts of an object are non-rigid. disordered sio:SIO_000759 SIO_000759 A unique cell is a cell that contains a unique value in the cellular automaton. unique cell sio:SIO_000760 SIO_000760 A referenceing cell is a cell of a cellular automata that refers to another cell. referencing cell sio:SIO_000761 SIO_000761 A referent cell is a cell that is the referent of some function or pointer. referent cell sio:SIO_000762 SIO_000762 A database key is an informational entity whose value is constructed from one or more database columns. database key null sio:SIO_000763 SIO_000763 A primary database key is a database key that identifies every row of a table. primary database key sio:SIO_000764 SIO_000764 A foreign database key is a database key that refers to a key in some table. foreign database key 0.0 1.0 sio:SIO_000765 SIO_000765 p-value A p-value or probability value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true probability value sio:SIO_000766 SIO_000766 A street name is the token given to identify a particular street. street name sio:SIO_000767 SIO_000767 A postal code is a geographic coordinate composed of a series of letters and/or digits appended to a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail. postal code sio:SIO_000768 SIO_000768 An apartment number is the number assigned to identify an apartment in a building of apartments. apartment number sio:SIO_000769 SIO_000769 The uncertainty value (margin of error) of a measurement is a range of values likely to enclose the true value. uncertainty value sio:SIO_000770 SIO_000770 A standard deviation (represented by the symbol σ) is the quantity of variation from the average (mean, or expected value). standard deviation sio:SIO_000771 SIO_000771 A versioned record is a record for which there exists another variant based that was derived via modification of the facts. versioned record sio:SIO_000776 SIO_000776 An object is an entity that is wholly identifiable at any instant of time during which it exists. core object sio:SIO_000777 SIO_000777 to be a member of is the capability to be considered a part of a collection. to be a member of sio:SIO_000778 SIO_000778 to distort is the capability to change the appearance of an entity by some transformation. to distort sio:SIO_000779 SIO_000779 A primer is a nucleic acid that enables the synthesis of a complement strand of DNA by binding to it and acting as a point of transcription initiation. primer sio:SIO_000780 SIO_000780 to bind to is the capability to physically interact with another object through a set of non-covalent interactions. to bind to sio:SIO_000783 SIO_000783 A spatial boundary is the closure minus the interior of a subset of a topological space. spatial boundary sio:SIO_000784 SIO_000784 hermaphrodite is a biological sex of an individual with both male and female sexual organs. PATO:0001827 hermaphrodite sio:SIO_000785 SIO_000785 An answer is a reply to a question. answer sio:SIO_000786 SIO_000786 A verbal language entity is a language entity that is manifested through sound. verbal language entity sio:SIO_000787 SIO_000787 A page number is the count of a page in a sequence of pages. page number sio:SIO_000788 SIO_000788 A linear position is the position of some object against a linear positioning system. linear position sio:SIO_000789 SIO_000789 A sequence element position is the position of an element of a linear sequence. sequence element position sio:SIO_000790 SIO_000790 ncRNA gene A non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene is a gene that encodes for a RNA transcript that is not further translated into a protein product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001263 non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) gene sio:SIO_000791 SIO_000791 A sequence start position is the start position for a sequence of characters. sequence start position sio:SIO_000792 SIO_000792 A sequence end position is the position of the last character in a sequence of characters relative to some linear frame of reference. sequence end position sio:SIO_000794 SIO_000794 The number of elements of a finite set of objects. count sio:SIO_000795 SIO_000795 A chemical role is a processual role held by a chemical entity. chemical entity role sio:SIO_000796 SIO_000796 The role of a chemical participant that serves to increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activiation energy. catalytic role sio:SIO_000797 SIO_000797 The role of a chemical entity that is modified in a chemical reaction. substrate role sio:SIO_000798 SIO_000798 The role of a chemical entity present at the end of a chemical reaction. product role sio:SIO_000799 SIO_000799 The role of a chemical entity involved in the mechanism for enzyme-mediated catalysis. cofactor role sio:SIO_000800 SIO_000800 A co-factor role in which the chemical entity is modified during catalysis and must be regenerated. co-enzyme role sio:SIO_000801 SIO_000801 A coenzyme role of a chemical entity that is covalently bonded to the enzyme. prosthetic group role sio:SIO_000802 SIO_000802 A co-enzyme role of a chemical entity that is transiently associated, and is regenerated in a separate reaction. co-substrate role sio:SIO_000803 SIO_000803 The role of a chemical entity that reduces the rate of reaction. inhibitor role sio:SIO_000804 SIO_000804 The role of a chemical entity that increases the rate of reaction. activator role sio:SIO_000805 SIO_000805 The quality of having a charge. charged sio:SIO_000806 SIO_000806 The quality of not having a charge. uncharged sio:SIO_000807 SIO_000807 A partial negative charge is a negative charge where the value of the charge is negative. partial positive charge sio:SIO_000808 SIO_000808 A partial positive charge is a partial charge where the value of the charge is positive. partial negative charge sio:SIO_000809 SIO_000809 The quality of having a charge that is not a full multiple of 1 unit charge. partial charge sio:SIO_000810 SIO_000810 A complete charge is a charge where the value of the charge is a multiple of 1. complete charge sio:SIO_000811 SIO_000811 Uniform Resource Locator A Uniform Resource Locator or Universal Resource Locator (URL) is a specific character string that constitutes a reference to an Internet resource. URL sio:SIO_000812 SIO_000812 affection is an emotion characterized with a feeling or type of love for another living thing. affection sio:SIO_000813 SIO_000813 angst is the intense feeling of apprehension, anxiety or inner turmoil. angst sio:SIO_000814 SIO_000814 Annoyance is an unpleasant emtion that is characterized by a abnormal or excessive sensitivity to some external stimulus. annoyance sio:SIO_000815 SIO_000815 anxiety is an emotion charactersized by intense feeling of fear and concern coupled with a physical response. anxiety sio:SIO_000816 SIO_000816 apathy is an emotion characterized by lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern. apathy sio:SIO_000817 SIO_000817 arousal is an emotion characterized by state of reactive to stimuli. It involves the activation of the reticular activating system in the brain stem, the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, leading to increased heart rate and blood pressure and a condition of sensory alertness, mobility and readiness to respond. arousal sio:SIO_000818 SIO_000818 awe is an emotion produced by that which is grand, sublime or powerful and is characterized by a combination of joy, fear and admiration/reverence/respect. awe sio:SIO_000819 SIO_000819 boldness is the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger. boldness sio:SIO_000820 SIO_000820 boredom is the emotion experience by those not interested in their surroundings or available activities. boredom sio:SIO_000821 SIO_000821 contempt is disgust towards a lower status individual. contempt sio:SIO_000822 SIO_000822 contentment is an emotion characterized by acknowledgement and satisfaction of the current state of affairs. contentment sio:SIO_000823 SIO_000823 curiosity is the strong desire to know or learn something. curiosity sio:SIO_000824 SIO_000824 depressed depression is an unpleasant emotion linked to aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-being. Depressed individuals may feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, worried, helpless, worthless, guilty, irritable, or restless. depression sio:SIO_000825 SIO_000825 desire is a strong emotion of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. desire sio:SIO_000826 SIO_000826 despair is depression, hopelessness or lack of hope. despair sio:SIO_000827 SIO_000827 disappointed disappointing disappointment is the feeling of dissatisfaction that follows the failure of expectations or hopes to manifest. disappointment sio:SIO_000828 SIO_000828 Disgust is a feeling of revulsion or profound disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive. disgust sio:SIO_000829 SIO_000829 dread is the instense negative emotion that induces fear and apprehension. dread sio:SIO_000830 SIO_000830 ecstacy is an emotion characterized by a heightened state of consciousness with total involvement of a subject. ecstasy sio:SIO_000831 SIO_000831 A positive emotion is an emotion that feels good. positive emotion sio:SIO_000832 SIO_000832 negative emotion is an emotion that does not feel good. negative emotion sio:SIO_000833 SIO_000833 Embarrassment is the emotion of intense discomfort with oneself, experienced upon having a socially unacceptable act or condition witnessed by or revealed to other. embarassment sio:SIO_000834 SIO_000834 envy is an emotion that occurs when a person lacks another's (perceived) superior quality, achievement or possession and wishes that the other lacked it. envy sio:SIO_000835 SIO_000835 euphoria is an emotion characterized by intense feelings of well-being, elation, happiness, ecstasy, excitement, and joy. euphoria sio:SIO_000836 SIO_000836 excitement is a positive emotion of feeling great enthusiasm and eagerness. excitement sio:SIO_000837 SIO_000837 Fear is a negative emotion induced by a perceived threat that induces one to hide or move quickly away from the location of the perceived threat. fear sio:SIO_000838 SIO_000838 Frustration is an emotion that arises from the perceived resistance to the fulfillment of individual will. frustration sio:SIO_000839 SIO_000839 appreciation gratefulness gratification thankfullness Gratitude, thankfulness, gratefulness, or appreciation is a feeling, emotion or attitude in acknowledgment of a benefit that one has received or will receive. gratitude sio:SIO_000840 SIO_000840 happiness is an emotion characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. happiness sio:SIO_000841 SIO_000841 guilty Guilt is the emotion borne from feeling responsible for the commission of an offense and arises out of public humiliation. guilt sio:SIO_000842 SIO_000842 grief is an emotion in response to loss, whether physical or abstract including death, unemployment, ill health or the end of a relationship. grief sio:SIO_000843 SIO_000843 hope is an emotion of belief in a positive outcome related to events and circumstances in one's life. hope sio:SIO_000844 SIO_000844 Hostility is the intense negative emotion of being in conflict or opposition to someone or something. hostility sio:SIO_000845 SIO_000845 hurt is an unpleasant feeling, emotion or sensation. hurt sio:SIO_000846 SIO_000846 Hysteria is an unmanageable emotion. hysteria sio:SIO_000847 SIO_000847 indifference is an emotion characterized by lack of interest, concern, or sympathy. indifference sio:SIO_000848 SIO_000848 interest is the emotion of wanting to know or learn about something or someone. interest sio:SIO_000849 SIO_000849 jealousy is an emotion and typically refers to the negative thoughts and feelings of insecurity, fear, and anxiety over an anticipated loss of something that the person values, particularly in reference to a human connection. jealousy sio:SIO_000850 SIO_000850 joy is an emotion of intense happiness. joy sio:SIO_000851 SIO_000851 loathing is an intense dislike or disgust. loathing sio:SIO_000852 SIO_000852 Loneliness is an unpleasant emotion in which a person feels a strong sense of emptiness, yearning distress and solitude resulting from inadequate quantity or quality of social relationships. loneliness sio:SIO_000853 SIO_000853 lust is the strong desire for sex. lust sio:SIO_000854 SIO_000854 misery is a feeling of great unhappiness, suffering and/or pain. misery sio:SIO_000855 SIO_000855 Panic is a sudden emotion of fear which is so strong as to dominate or prevent reason and logical thinking, replacing it with overwhelming feelings of anxiety and frantic agitation consistent with an animalistic fight-or-flight reaction. panic sio:SIO_000856 SIO_000856 passion is the intense desire for something. passion sio:SIO_000857 SIO_000857 Pity is the emotion of sadness or sorrow for another. pity sio:SIO_000858 SIO_000858 pleasure is an emotion of happy satisfaction and enjoyment. pleasure sio:SIO_000859 SIO_000859 pride is an emotion of satisfaction of attachment toward one's own or another's choices and actions, or toward a whole group of people, and is a product of praise, independent self-reflection, or a fulfilled feeling of belonging. pride sio:SIO_000860 SIO_000860 Rage is a feeling of intense anger that is associated with the Fight-or-flight response. rage sio:SIO_000861 SIO_000861 regret is a feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over something that has happened or been done. regret sio:SIO_000862 SIO_000862 remorse is an emotion of personal regret felt by a person after he or she has committed an act which they deem to be shameful, hurtful, or violent. remorse sio:SIO_000863 SIO_000863 sad unhappiness unhappy sadness is emotional pain associated with, or characterized by feelings of disadvantage, loss, despair, helplessness, sorrow, and rage. sadness sio:SIO_000864 SIO_000864 satisfaction is an emotion of fulfillment of one's wishes, expectations, or needs, or the pleasure derived from this. satisfaction sio:SIO_000865 SIO_000865 shame is the emotion borne from feeling responsible for the commission of an offense. shame sio:SIO_000866 SIO_000866 shock is an emotion of sudden upset or surprise. shock sio:SIO_000867 SIO_000867 shyness is an emotion of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness experienced when in proximity to, approaching, or being approached by other individuals, especially in new situations or with unfamiliar individuals. shyness sio:SIO_000868 SIO_000868 sorrow is the emotion that is characterized by a long term state of intense sadness, distress and a degree of resignation (not accepting). sorrow sio:SIO_000869 SIO_000869 Suffering is the unpleasant emotion and aversion associated with the perception of harm or threat of harm in an individual. suffering sio:SIO_000870 SIO_000870 surprise is a brief emotion experienced as the result of an unexpected event. surprise sio:SIO_000871 SIO_000871 terror is the extreme feeling of fear. terror sio:SIO_000872 SIO_000872 wonder is an emotion of perceiving something very rare or unexpected, but not threatening. wonder sio:SIO_000873 SIO_000873 worry is the emotion characterized by concer over a real or imaginary issue. worry sio:SIO_000875 SIO_000875 A department chain role is the role of an individual that heads a department at a academic organization. department chair role sio:SIO_000876 SIO_000876 A student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising students. student advisor role sio:SIO_000877 SIO_000877 An undergraduate student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising undergraduate students. undergraduate student advisor role sio:SIO_000878 SIO_000878 A graduate student advisor role is the role of an individual employed at an academic organization that is involved in advising graduate students. graduate student advisor role sio:SIO_000879 SIO_000879 The role of a chemical entity present at the beginning of a chemical reaction. reactant role sio:SIO_000880 SIO_000880 The role of a chemical entity that modifies the rate of reaction. regulator role sio:SIO_000881 SIO_000881 An investigational role is a role held by participants involved in an investigation. investigational role sio:SIO_000882 SIO_000882 The role of an organism in providing resources to maintain the survival and/or reproduction of another organism. host role sio:SIO_000883 SIO_000883 A subject role is the role of an individual that is the target of the study. subject role sio:SIO_000884 SIO_000884 A publishing role is the role of an individual that is involved in the preparation and issue of creative works for consumption by a wider audience. publishing role sio:SIO_000885 SIO_000885 A publisher role is the role of an individual that prepares and issues creative works. publisher role sio:SIO_000886 SIO_000886 An author role is the role of an individual that creates a creative, written work. author role sio:SIO_000887 SIO_000887 A buffer role is the role of a chemical substance which maintains a pH at a near constant value. buffer role sio:SIO_000888 SIO_000888 A chemical substance role is a chemical entity role held by a chemical substance. chemical substance role sio:SIO_000889 SIO_000889 A molecular entity role is a chemical entity role held by a molecule. molecular entity role sio:SIO_000890 SIO_000890 A toxin role is a toxic role of a chemical substance that is poisonous and is produced by an organism. toxin role sio:SIO_000891 SIO_000891 A toxic role is the role of a chemical substance that is poisonous. toxic role sio:SIO_000893 SIO_000893 A role of a chemical substance that participates in a chemical reaction as part of some scientific investigation. reagent role sio:SIO_000894 SIO_000894 to luminesce is to emit light through cold body radiation to luminesce sio:SIO_000895 SIO_000895 to fluoresce is to emit light as a result of absorbing light or other electromagnetic radiation. to fluoresce sio:SIO_000896 SIO_000896 A molecular tracer role is a reactant role of a molecular entity that serves as a marker for the presence, abundance, or location of a molecular target that it associates with. molecular tracer role 2 sio:SIO_000897 SIO_000897 An association is a relationship between two or more entities derived by some informational analysis. association sio:SIO_000898 SIO_000898 A statistical association is any relationship between two measured quantities that renders them statistically dependent. statistical association sio:SIO_000899 SIO_000899 A chromosome is a molecular complex of circular or linear DNA and bound proteins. chromosome sio:SIO_000902 SIO_000902 A top value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the top of the plot area. top value axis sio:SIO_000903 SIO_000903 A bottom value axis is a value axis that is spatially positioned to the bottom of the plot area. bottom value axis sio:SIO_000904 SIO_000904 A chart is a figure that displays the relationship among tabular numeric data, functions or some kinds of qualitative structures. chart sio:SIO_000906 SIO_000906 A map is a a visual representation of an area that depicts the relationship between elements of that space. map sio:SIO_000907 SIO_000907 A heatmap is a graphical representation of data where the individual values contained in a matrix are represented as colors. heatmap sio:SIO_000908 SIO_000908 A streamgraph is a multi-line stacked graph that yields the appearance of continuous y-values across the x-axis. streamgraph sio:SIO_000909 SIO_000909 A boxplot (box-and-whisker diagram) is a convenient way of graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their five-number summaries: the smallest observation (sample minimum), lower quartile (Q1), median (Q2), upper quartile (Q3), and largest observation (sample maximum). boxplot sio:SIO_000910 SIO_000910 A geographic heatmap is a graphical representation of data over a geographic region where individual values are represented as colors. geographic heatmap sio:SIO_000911 SIO_000911 A histogram is a graphical representation of data which consists of tabular frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, over discrete intervals (bins) , with an area equal to the frequency of the observations in the interval. histogram sio:SIO_000912 SIO_000912 A measurement scale is a functional specification that specifies an allowed range of categories or values. measurement scale sio:SIO_000913 SIO_000913 A nominal scale of measurement only specifies a limited set of categories. nomimal scale sio:SIO_000914 SIO_000914 A binary scale is a measurement scale that specifies a choice between two values. binary scale sio:SIO_000915 SIO_000915 A numeric scale of measurement is one that only specifies numeric values. numeric scale sio:SIO_000916 SIO_000916 A decimal scale of measurement is one that only specifies decimal values. decimal scale sio:SIO_000917 SIO_000917 An integer scale of measurement is one that only specifies integer values. integer scale sio:SIO_000918 SIO_000918 modification modifying is the process by which an entity gains or loses parts, qualities, roles, dispositions, functions, etc, but maintains their identity through these changes. modifying sio:SIO_000919 SIO_000919 reproducing is a process characterized by creation of an entity that is similar or exactly the same as the template from which it is derived. reproducing sio:SIO_000920 SIO_000920 An independent variable is a variable that may take on different values independent of other elements in a system. independent variable sio:SIO_000921 SIO_000921 A dependent variable is one whose value changes as a consequence of changes in other values in the system. dependent variable sio:SIO_000922 SIO_000922 A Gantt chart is a bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. Gantt chart sio:SIO_000923 SIO_000923 A correlation is a statistical relationship involving dependence between two random variables or datasets. correlation sio:SIO_000924 SIO_000924 A television program is a audiovisual media that is produced and broadcast using a television. television program sio:SIO_000926 SIO_000926 A radio receiver is a communication device that receives its input from an antenna, uses electronic filters to separate a wanted radio signal from all other signals picked up by this antenna, amplifies it to a level suitable for further processing, and finally converts through demodulation and decoding the signal into a form usable for the consumer, such as sound, pictures, digital data, measurement values, navigational positions. radio receiver sio:SIO_000927 SIO_000927 The telephone is a communications device that transmits and receives sounds, and are minimally composed of a microphone to speak into, a speaker'which reproduces the voice of the other person and a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is coming in. telephone sio:SIO_000928 SIO_000928 A radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. radar sio:SIO_000929 SIO_000929 A pie chart is a circular chart divided into sectors each of whose length is proportional to the quantity it represents. pie chart sio:SIO_000930 SIO_000930 A matrix chart summarizes a multidimensional data set in a grid. matrix chart sio:SIO_000931 SIO_000931 A network diagram consists of a set of vertices connected by edges. network diagram sio:SIO_000932 SIO_000932 A block histogram contains an x-axis that is divided into bins which correspond to value ranges. Each item in the data set is drawn as a rectangular block, and the blocks are piled into the bins to show how many values in each range. block histogram sio:SIO_000933 SIO_000933 A bubble chart contains circles whose area corresponds to a value. bubble chart sio:SIO_000934 SIO_000934 A stack graph is a statistical graph which presents multiple series in which the distance between one series and another indicates the relative contribution to the total for any x-value. stack graph sio:SIO_000935 SIO_000935 A treemap is a chart that fully partitions the area into a set of rectangles whose area represents its relative value. treemap sio:SIO_000936 SIO_000936 A word tree is a chart that links phrases with contexts through a tree-like branching structure. word tree sio:SIO_000937 SIO_000937 A textual chart is a chart containing text. textual chart sio:SIO_000938 SIO_000938 word cloud A tag cloud is a visualization of word frequencies. tag cloud sio:SIO_000939 SIO_000939 A phrase net diagram illustrates the relationship between different words used in a text. phrase net diagram sio:SIO_000940 SIO_000940 A mereological chart is a chart that illustrates the parts in the context of the whole. mereological chart sio:SIO_000941 SIO_000941 conversing a form of interactive, spontaneous communication between two or more agents who are following rules of etiquette. conversing sio:SIO_000942 SIO_000942 A numeric label is a number used as a label. numeric label sio:SIO_000943 SIO_000943 A start position is the proximal position of an object relative to an origin in a linear system. start position sio:SIO_000944 SIO_000944 An interval is a set of real numbers that includes all numbers between any two numbers in the set. interval sio:SIO_000945 SIO_000945 A tree diagram is a hierarchical network diagram in which a root vertex is connected to one or more other vertices through a directed edge, which in turn may be connected to other vertices. tree diagram sio:SIO_000946 SIO_000946 A flowchart is a diagram that represents an algorithm or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by connecting these with arrows. flowchart sio:SIO_000947 SIO_000947 A Venn diagram is a chart that illustrates all possible logical relations between a finite collection of sets as overlapping circles. venn diagram sio:SIO_000948 SIO_000948 A dendrogram is a tree diagram used to illustrate the arrangement of the clusters produced by hierarchical clustering. dendrogram sio:SIO_000949 SIO_000949 apprehension is the negative emotion that something unpleasant will occur. apprehension sio:SIO_000950 SIO_000950 resentment is disgust directed toward a higher status individual. resentment sio:SIO_000951 SIO_000951 Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. pain sio:SIO_000952 SIO_000952 A default parameter is a parameter which has a default value. default parameter sio:SIO_000953 SIO_000953 stop position An end position is the distal position of an object relative to an origin in a linear system. end position sio:SIO_000954 SIO_000954 sick is the status of a living organism that is behaving at a sub-optimal level. sick sio:SIO_000955 SIO_000955 An environment is a geographic region that hosts certain processes or objects. environment sio:SIO_000956 SIO_000956 A device is usually a constructed tool. device sio:SIO_000957 SIO_000957 A communication device is a device that facilitates the transmission of information through encoded in an audio or digital signal between a sender and a receiver. communication device sio:SIO_000959 SIO_000959 existence quality is the quality of an entity that describe in what environment it is known to exist. existence quality sio:SIO_000960 SIO_000960 real is the quality of an entity that exists in real space and time. real sio:SIO_000961 SIO_000961 fictional is the quality of an entity that exists only in a creative work of fiction. fictional sio:SIO_000962 SIO_000962 virtual is the quality of an entity that exists only in a virtual setting such as a simulation or game environment. virtual sio:SIO_000963 SIO_000963 not started is the status of a process that is predicted to exist but has not yet begun. not started sio:SIO_000964 SIO_000964 A standard operating procedure is a specification approved for use in specific environments. standard operating procedure sio:SIO_000965 SIO_000965 agreement quality is a quality that exhibits the degree of consensus for some set of assertions. agreement quality sio:SIO_000966 SIO_000966 agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group agree. agreement sio:SIO_000967 SIO_000967 agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group do not all agree. disagreement sio:SIO_000968 SIO_000968 A poison role is the role of a substance that causes some negative disturbance in an organism. poison role sio:SIO_000969 SIO_000969 communication communicating is the process of conveying information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals, signals, writing, or behaviour. communicating sio:SIO_000976 SIO_000976 observational study draws inferences about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator observational study sio:SIO_000977 SIO_000977 A syllable is a verbal entity of language having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word. syllable sio:SIO_000978 SIO_000978 A consonant is a verbal entity of language that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. consonant sio:SIO_000979 SIO_000979 A vowel is a verbal entity of language that is pronounced with an open vocal tract so that there is no build-up of air pressure at any point above the glottis. vowel sio:SIO_000980 SIO_000980 A sign language (also signed language) is a language that involves manual communication and body language to convey meaning. This can involve simultaneously combining hand shapes, orientation and movement of the hands, arms or body, and facial expressions to fluidly express a speaker's thoughts. sign language sio:SIO_000981 SIO_000981 A verbal language is a language that uses sounds to communicate. verbal language sio:SIO_000982 SIO_000982 written language is a language that is communicated through a writing system. written language sio:SIO_000983 SIO_000983 A gene-disease association is an association between a gene and a disease. gene-disease association sio:SIO_000984 SIO_000984 A genome is a collection of nucleic acids. genome sio:SIO_000985 SIO_000985 A gene that contains an open reading frame which codes for a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001217 protein coding gene sio:SIO_000986 SIO_000986 A gene that codes for a functional RNA molecule. functional rna coding gene sio:SIO_000987 SIO_000987 A predicted gene is a gene that was identified through computational method but has not been experimentally validated. predicted gene sio:SIO_000988 SIO_000988 A pseudo gene is a region of a nucleic acid that either cannot be transcribed, or its RNA transcript cannot be translated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000336 pseudogene sio:SIO_000989 SIO_000989 A sequence assembly is a sequence that is produced as by the alignment of two or more sequences. sequence assembly sio:SIO_000991 SIO_000991 An experimentally validated gene is a gene whose existence has been demonstrated through experimental methods. validated gene sio:SIO_000992 SIO_000992 unsupported is an existence quality in which there is no evidence to support the existence of the entity in any world (real or hypothetical) unsupported sio:SIO_000993 SIO_000993 A chemical-disease association is an association between a chemical and a disease. chemical-disease association sio:SIO_000994 SIO_000994 study An experiment is an investigation that has the goal of verifying, falsifying, or establishing the validity of a hypothesis. experiment sio:SIO_000995 SIO_000995 suspended is the status of a process that is no longer progressing towards completion. suspended sio:SIO_000996 SIO_000996 cancelled is a process status in which the process, while planned to occur, will not occur. cancelled sio:SIO_000997 SIO_000997 aborted is a process status in which a started process will not complete as intended. aborted sio:SIO_000998 SIO_000998 literature curation is the process of an agent selecting and extracting terms and phrases from a document. literature curation sio:SIO_000999 SIO_000999 A procedure is a process that attempts to achieve one or more objectives by following an established set of actions. procedure sio:SIO_001000 SIO_001000 A clinical trial is an intervention trial to determine the safety and efficacy of medical interventions (e.g., drugs, diagnostics, devices, therapy protocols). clinical trial sio:SIO_001001 SIO_001001 A medical diagnosis (often simply termed diagnosis) refers to the process of attempting to determine or identify a possible disease or disorder. medical diagnosis sio:SIO_001002 SIO_001002 A differential diagnosis (sometimes abbreviated DDx, ddx, DD, D/Dx, or ΔΔ) is a systematic diagnostic method used to identify the presence of an entity where multiple alternatives are possible (and the process may be termed differential diagnostic procedure), and may also refer to any of the included candidate alternatives (which may also be termed candidate condition). differential diagnosis sio:SIO_001003 SIO_001003 A diagnostic opinion is an opinion resulting from a medical diagnostic procedure. diagnostic opinion sio:SIO_001004 SIO_001004 An opinion is a belief that is the result of emotion or interpretation of facts. opinion sio:SIO_001005 SIO_001005 A chemical effect is a chemical interaction in which a chemical elicits a marked characteristic of a biological system. chemical effect 2 sio:SIO_001006 SIO_001006 A drug-drug interaction is an interaction in which two drugs interact in such a way to produce a non-additive biological response. drug drug interaction sio:SIO_001007 SIO_001007 bioassay An assay is an investigative (analytic) procedure in laboratory medicine, pharmacology, environmental biology, and molecular biology for qualitatively assessing or quantitatively measuring the presence or amount or the functional activity of a target entity (the analyte) which can be a drug or biochemical substance or a cell in an organism or organic sample. assay sio:SIO_001008 SIO_001008 toxicity is the quality of a chemical substance to cause injury to an organism in a dose dependent manner. toxicity sio:SIO_001009 SIO_001009 toxic is the quality of a substance imparing the normal functioning of a system. toxic sio:SIO_001010 SIO_001010 non toxic is the quality of a substance having no damaging effect to a system. non toxic sio:SIO_001011 SIO_001011 chemical quality is the quality of a chemical entity. chemical quality sio:SIO_001012 SIO_001012 healthy is an organismal state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. healthy sio:SIO_001013 SIO_001013 age is the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed. age sio:SIO_001014 SIO_001014 ethnicity is the biological quality of membership in a social group based on a common heritage. ethnicity sio:SIO_001015 SIO_001015 race is a characteristic of an individual by heritable phenotypic characteristics, geographic ancestry, physical appearance, ethnicity, and social status. race sio:SIO_001016 SIO_001016 An ethnic group is a group of people whose members identify with each other through a common heritage, consisting of a common culture, including a shared language or dialect. ethnic group sio:SIO_001017 SIO_001017 A syndrome is composed of a set of several clinically recognizable features, signs (observed by someone other than the patient), symptoms (reported by the patient), phenomena or characteristics that often occur together. syndrome sio:SIO_001018 SIO_001018 A ratio is a relationship between two numbers of the same kind expressed arithmetically as a dimensionless quotient of the two which explicitly indicates how many times the first number contains the second. ratio sio:SIO_001019 SIO_001019 A dose is the quantity of a chemical substance administered to a biological system. dose sio:SIO_001020 SIO_001020 effective dose is the amount of a substance required to produce an effect on a predefined percentage of a population. effective dose sio:SIO_001021 SIO_001021 An expected value (or e-value) is the weighted average of all possible values that a random variable can take on. expected value sio:SIO_001022 SIO_001022 clinical laboratory test A diagnostic test is a procedure performed to confirm, or determine the presence of disease in an individual suspected of having the disease, usually following the report of symptoms, or based on the results of other medical tests. diagnostic test sio:SIO_001023 SIO_001023 A medical screening is a medical test or series used to detect or predict the presence of disease in individuals at risk for disease within a defined group, such as a population, family, or workforce medical screening sio:SIO_001024 SIO_001024 A medical procedure is a procedure to identify, examine, alleviate or eliminate an undesirable biological disease or disorder. medical procedure sio:SIO_001025 SIO_001025 A prognosis is a proposition about the likely course of a disease, the chance of recovery or recurrence. prognosis sio:SIO_001026 SIO_001026 A report is a textual document made that present focused, salient content to a specific audience. report sio:SIO_001027 SIO_001027 A medical health record is a record of a single patient's medical history. medical health record sio:SIO_001028 SIO_001028 A medical report is a report prepared by a health care practioner about test outcomes or health status of an individual. medical report sio:SIO_001029 SIO_001029 A peer reviewed article is an article that has undergone peer-review and deemed acceptable for publication. peer reviewed article sio:SIO_001030 SIO_001030 A major version number is a version of a software that exhibits a significant change in functionalilty from a prior version. major version number sio:SIO_001031 SIO_001031 A minor version number is a version of a software that exhibits minor features or significant fix from a prior version. minor version number sio:SIO_001032 SIO_001032 A revision number is a version of a software in which bugs have been fixed from a prior version. revision number sio:SIO_001033 SIO_001033 text quality is the quality of a textual entity. text quality sio:SIO_001034 SIO_001034 reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented on by another party. reviewed sio:SIO_001035 SIO_001035 peer-reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented by a peer expert reviewer. peer-reviewed sio:SIO_001036 SIO_001036 drafted draft is the quality of text that has not yet complete. draft sio:SIO_001037 SIO_001037 finalized is the quality of a textual entity that is in its final form. finalized sio:SIO_001038 SIO_001038 editor reviewed is the quality of a textual entity that has been examined and commented on by an editor. editor reviewed sio:SIO_001039 SIO_001039 written is the quality of information that is embodied as visual glyphs in some material form. written sio:SIO_001040 SIO_001040 A morpheme is the smallest semantically meaningful unit in a language. morpheme sio:SIO_001041 SIO_001041 study protocol A study design is a protocol for the proper execution of a study which normally requires a carefullly crafted research question or hypothesis and at least one variable under observation and observed values for that variable. study design sio:SIO_001042 SIO_001042 A recipe is a set of instructions that describe how to prepare or make something. recipe sio:SIO_001043 SIO_001043 An experimental protocol is an action specification with respect to the design and implementation of experiments. In addition to providing a detailed set of procedures and lists of required equipment and instruments, experimental protocols often include information on safety precautions, the calculation of results and reporting standards, including statistical analysis and rules for predefining and documenting excluded data to avoid bias. experimental protocol sio:SIO_001044 SIO_001044 A viroid is a molecule of RNA that does not code for and is not protected by a protein coat. viroid sio:SIO_001045 SIO_001045 The quality of being polar or not polar. polar quality sio:SIO_001046 SIO_001046 polar is the quality of having a dipole. polar sio:SIO_001047 SIO_001047 non-polar is the quality of not having a dipole. non-polar sio:SIO_001048 SIO_001048 An intervention study has the objective of improving the condition of an individual or a group of individuals, and demonstrates the magnitude of that capability by comparing it to a control group. intervention study sio:SIO_001049 SIO_001049 sampling is the act of obtaining a sample, whether through selection, collection or preparation. sampling sio:SIO_001051 SIO_001051 data analysis is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of highlighting useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making. data analysis sio:SIO_001052 SIO_001052 data collection is the process of acquiring information. data collection sio:SIO_001053 SIO_001053 A reason is a justification that specifies the motive for an action or a determination. reason sio:SIO_001054 SIO_001054 measurement measuring is the process of determining the size, amount, or degree of (something) by using an instrument or device marked in standard units measuring sio:SIO_001055 SIO_001055 observation observing is a process of passive interaction in which one entity makes note of attributes of one or more entities. observing sio:SIO_001056 SIO_001056 character offset The ordinal position of a character in a sequence of characters. character position sio:SIO_001057 SIO_001057 The position of the first character in a word as an offset from the first character of the text in which it is found. word start position sio:SIO_001058 SIO_001058 word end position is the position of the last character in a word as an offset from the first character of the text in which it is found. word end position sio:SIO_001059 SIO_001059 gesturing is a form of non-verbal communication in which visible bodily actions communicate particular messages, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body. gesturing sio:SIO_001060 SIO_001060 planned is a process status for a process that has not yet started, but is referred to in a plan. planned sio:SIO_001061 SIO_001061 A population is all the organisms that both belong to the same group or species and live in the same geographical area. population sio:SIO_001062 SIO_001062 A human population refers to a collection of human beings. human population sio:SIO_001063 SIO_001063 A group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence. family sio:SIO_001064 SIO_001064 A community is a sizeable social unit that shares common values. community sio:SIO_001065 SIO_001065 speculation is an opinion based on incomplete evidence. speculation sio:SIO_001066 SIO_001066 A study is a process that realizes the steps of a study design. study sio:SIO_001067 SIO_001067 In a controlled observational cohort study, two groups of subjects are selected from two populations that are thought to differ in only one characteristic. The groups of subjects are studied for a specific period and contrasted at the end of the study period. controlled observational cohort study sio:SIO_001068 SIO_001068 A control group is a group of individuals that are not subject to an intervention of interest, but rather serve as a baseline to compare the outcomes in the intervention group. control group sio:SIO_001069 SIO_001069 An intervention group is a group of individuals that are subject to an intervention. intervention group sio:SIO_001070 SIO_001070 controlled variable extraneous variable A control variable that is believed to alter the dependent or independent variables, but may not actually be the focus of the experiment. So that variable will be kept constant or monitored to try to minimise its effect on the experiment. control variable sio:SIO_001071 SIO_001071 text span start position is the position (offset) of the first character of a text span in relation the text it is from. text span start position sio:SIO_001072 SIO_001072 text span end position is the position (offset) of the last character of a text span in relation the text it is from. text span end position sio:SIO_001073 SIO_001073 selector A text span is a subset of contiguous sequence of characters of a textual entity. text span sio:SIO_001074 SIO_001074 A t-statistic is a ratio of the departure of an estimated parameter from its notional value and its standard error. t-statistic sio:SIO_001075 SIO_001075 A microarray probe set identifier is an identifier for a set of probe pairs selected to represent expressed sequences on an array. microarray probe set identifier sio:SIO_001076 SIO_001076 A microarray experiment is an experiment that involves a microarray device to measure the expression of one or more genes. microarray experiment sio:SIO_001077 SIO_001077 A gene expression value is a measured value obtained from a gene expression experiment. gene expression value sio:SIO_001078 SIO_001078 A differential gene expression ratio is the ratio of gene expression values from a test sample compared to a control sample. differential gene expression ratio sio:SIO_001079 SIO_001079 A genotype is a functional specification of a biological entity in terms of its genetic composition (or lack thereof). genotype sio:SIO_001080 SIO_001080 A vocabulary is a collection of terms. vocabulary 0.0 sio:SIO_001081 SIO_001081 A t-statistic based increased differential gene expression is a differential gene expression ratio in which the t-statistic is greater than zero. t-statistic based increased differential gene expression 0.0 sio:SIO_001082 SIO_001082 A t-statistic based decreased differential gene expression is a differential gene expression ratio in which the t-statistic is less than zero. t-statistic based decreased differential gene expression sio:SIO_001083 SIO_001083 A date of database submission refers to the moment in time in which some information was submitted/received to a database system. date of database submission sio:SIO_001084 SIO_001084 A liquid solution is a heterogeneous substance in a liquid state. liquid solution sio:SIO_001085 SIO_001085 to remove a covalent bond is the capability to covalently modify a chemical entity by removing a covalent bond. to remove a covalent bond sio:SIO_001086 SIO_001086 to add a covalent bond is the capability to covalently modify a chemical entity by adding a covalent bond. to add a covalent bond sio:SIO_001087 SIO_001087 to modify electronically is the capability to change the electronic properties of an object. to modify electronically sio:SIO_001088 SIO_001088 concentration is the amount of substance per unit volume of a solution concentration sio:SIO_001089 SIO_001089 pH is a measure of the activity of the (solvated) hydrogen ion. pH is defined as the decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity, aH+, in a solution. pH sio:SIO_001090 SIO_001090 homogeneous is a quality that describes the uniform composition of an object. homogeneous sio:SIO_001091 SIO_001091 homogeneous is a quality that describes the varied composition of an object. heterogeneous sio:SIO_001092 SIO_001092 A structural quality is a quality of an object that describes its structure. structural quality sio:SIO_001093 SIO_001093 rigid is the quality of maintaining structural integrity (and not bending) under pressure. rigid sio:SIO_001094 SIO_001094 bent is the quality of a line being sharply curved or having an angle. bent sio:SIO_001095 SIO_001095 curved is the quality of a line that deviates from straightness in a smooth, continuous fashion. curved sio:SIO_001099 SIO_001099 electronic configuration electronic structure is the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals. electronic structure the electron configuration of the neon atom is 1s2 2s2 2p6. sio:SIO_001100 SIO_001100 A crystal structure is the arrangement of atoms or molecules in a crystalline liquid or solid. crystal structure sio:SIO_001102 SIO_001102 to interact and to be interacted with is a mutual disposition of interacting objects. to interact and to be interacted with sio:SIO_001103 SIO_001103 to gain a covalent bond is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds added. to gain a covalent bond sio:SIO_001104 SIO_001104 to lose a covalent bond is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds removed. to lose a covalent bond sio:SIO_001105 SIO_001105 to ingest is the capability to take into the body by the mouth for digestion or absorption. to ingest sio:SIO_001106 SIO_001106 to produce is the capability to create new objects to produce sio:SIO_001107 SIO_001107 biological pathway A pathway is an effective specification that outlines a set of actions that forms a way to achieve an objective. pathway sio:SIO_001108 SIO_001108 A central tendency measure is a central value or a typical value for a probability distribution. centrality measure sio:SIO_001109 SIO_001109 arithmeritic mean average A mean is the central tendency of a collection of numbers taken as the sum of the numbers divided by the size of the collection. mean sio:SIO_001110 SIO_001110 A median is the numerical value separating the higher half of a sample, a population, or a probability distribution, from the lower half. median sio:SIO_001111 SIO_001111 A mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data. mode sio:SIO_001112 SIO_001112 A sum is the result of adding a set of values together. sum sio:SIO_001113 SIO_001113 min A minimal value is smallest value of an attribute for the entities in the defined set. minimal value sio:SIO_001114 SIO_001114 max A maximal value is largest value of an attribute for the entities in the defined set. maximal value sio:SIO_001115 SIO_001115 A count of the instances of a class or members in a collection. member count sio:SIO_001116 SIO_001116 A union is a list of all of the values of an attribute for the entities in the defined set. union sio:SIO_001117 SIO_001117 An intersection is a list of only the values of an attribute for the entities in the defined set where all entities have that value. intersection sio:SIO_001118 SIO_001118 ordered list A sequence is an ordered list of entities. Like a set, it contains members (also called elements, or terms). sequence For example, (M, A, R, Y) is a sequence of letters that differs from (A, R, M, Y), as the ordering matters, and (1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8), which contains the number 1 at two different positions, is a valid sequence. sio:SIO_001119 SIO_001119 A gene-variant disease association in which a mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease. gene-disease association linked with causal mutation sio:SIO_001120 SIO_001120 gene-disease association arising from a therapeutic role of the gene/protein A gene disease association in which the gene is a therapeutic marker for the disease. therapeutic gene-disease association sio:SIO_001121 SIO_001121 A gene-disease association in which the gene/protein is involved in the etiology or maintenance of the disease. gene-disease biomarker association sio:SIO_001122 SIO_001122 gene variant-disease association A gene-disease association in which a sequence variation (a mutation, a SNP) is associated with the disease. gene-disease association linked with genetic variation sio:SIO_001123 SIO_001123 A gene-disease association in which the disease phenotype is associated with an altered expression of the gene. gene-disease association linked with altered gene expression sio:SIO_001124 SIO_001124 A gene-disease association in which the disease phenotype is associated with post-translational modifications in the protein product. gene-disease association linked with post-translational modification methylation or phosphorylation of protein product sio:SIO_001125 SIO_001125 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. regulation of transcription sio:SIO_001126 SIO_001126 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation. regulation of translation sio:SIO_001127 SIO_001127 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the creation or destruction of a molecule. regulation of molecular quantity sio:SIO_001128 SIO_001128 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule. regulation of molecular production sio:SIO_001129 SIO_001129 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule. regulation of molecular degradation sio:SIO_001130 SIO_001130 A process mediated by a protein that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation. protein mediated regulation of translation sio:SIO_001131 SIO_001131 A process mediated by rna that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation. rna mediated regulation of translation sio:SIO_001132 SIO_001132 The process of maintaining some the frequency, rate or extent of another process. process maintenance sio:SIO_001133 SIO_001133 The increase of regulation leads to a increased occurence of processes of the target type. increased frequency of process from increased regulation sio:SIO_001134 SIO_001134 The increase of regulation leads to a decreased occurence of processes of the target process type. decreased frequency of process from increased regulation sio:SIO_001135 SIO_001135 regulation of a process duration is a process that modulates the frequency of another process relative to some reference process. regulation of process frequency sio:SIO_001136 SIO_001136 regulation of a process duration is a process that modulates the duration of another process relative to some reference process. regulation of process duration sio:SIO_001137 SIO_001137 increased duration of process from increased regulation is a process in which the duration of the target process is increased as a result of increased regulation. increased duration of process from increased regulation sio:SIO_001138 SIO_001138 decreased duration of process from increased regulation is a process in which the duration of the target process is decreased as a result of increased regulation. decreased duration of process from increased regulation sio:SIO_001139 SIO_001139 regulation of a process spatial extent is a process that modulates the spatial extent of another process relative to some reference process. regulation of process spatial extent heating the solution causes greater diffusion of a chemical. sio:SIO_001140 SIO_001140 The increase of regulation leads to a increased spatial extent of the target process. increased spatial extent of process from increased regulation sio:SIO_001141 SIO_001141 The increase of regulation leads to a decreased spatial extent of the target process. decreased spatial extent of process from decreased regulation sio:SIO_001142 SIO_001142 maintenance of spatial extent of process is a regulation of a process' spatial extent within some specified parameter. maintenance of spatial extent of process sio:SIO_001143 SIO_001143 maintenance of duration of process is a process that regulates a target process to maintain its duration within an expected interval. maintenance of duration of process sio:SIO_001144 SIO_001144 maintenance of frequency of process is a process that regulates the number of occurences of a target process type to a specified number or interval. maintenance of frequency of process sio:SIO_001145 SIO_001145 regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of its partcipants is changed. regulation of object quantity sio:SIO_001146 SIO_001146 increased regulation leads to an increase in the number of target objects of a specified type. increased object production from increased regulation sio:SIO_001147 SIO_001147 increased regulation leads to a decrease in the number of target objects of a specified type. decreased object production from increased regulation sio:SIO_001148 SIO_001148 increased regulation leads to an increase in the consumption of an object of specified type. increased object consumption from increased regulation sio:SIO_001149 SIO_001149 increased regulation leads to an decrease in the consumption of an object of specified type. decreased object consumption from increased regulation sio:SIO_001150 SIO_001150 A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the consumption of an object. regulation of object consumption sio:SIO_001151 SIO_001151 regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of a selected participant is increased. regulation of object production sio:SIO_001152 SIO_001152 maintenance of quantity of object production is a regulation of object production in which the number of objects produced is held more or less constant. maintenance of quantity of object production sio:SIO_001153 SIO_001153 regulation of a participant quantity is the regulation of a process in which the quantity of a selected participant is maintained at a steady level. maintenance of level of object consumption sio:SIO_001160 SIO_001160 number of objects produced is a count of objects that were produced in some process. number of objects produced sio:SIO_001161 SIO_001161 number of objects consumed is a count of objects that were consumed in some process. number of objects consumed sio:SIO_001162 SIO_001162 A difference in number of objects produced is a count of the number of objects produced with respect to a second variable (space, time, etc) difference in number of objects produced sio:SIO_001163 SIO_001163 An increase in the number of objects produced is the positive value of a difference in number of objects produced. increase in number of objects produced sio:SIO_001164 SIO_001164 An decrease in the number of objects produced is the negative value of a difference in number of objects produced. decrease in number of objects produced sio:SIO_001165 SIO_001165 user account allows a user to authenticate to system services and be granted authorization to access them. user account sio:SIO_001166 SIO_001166 An annotation is a written explanatory or critical description, or other in-context information (e.g., pattern, motif, link), that has been associated with data or other types of information. annotation sio:SIO_001167 SIO_001167 A comment is a verbal or written remark often related to an added piece of information, or an observation or statement. comment sio:SIO_001168 SIO_001168 An audio recording is an electrical or mechanical inscription and re-creation of sound waves, such as spoken voice, singing, instrumental music, or sound effects. audio recording sio:SIO_001169 SIO_001169 An issue is a single instance of a periodically published journal, magazine, or newspaper. issue sio:SIO_001170 SIO_001170 A slideshow is a visual presentation of information contained within a collection of slides. slideshow sio:SIO_001171 SIO_001171 dbxref A database cross-reference is an association between one data item and another. database cross-reference sio:SIO_001172 SIO_001172 An exact cross-reference is a database cross-reference in which one entity is equivalent to the other based on all the entitie's attributes (minus the source). exact cross-reference 2 sio:SIO_001173 SIO_001173 double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected deoxyribonucleic acids. double stranded DNA sio:SIO_001174 SIO_001174 A nucleic acid strand is a single-stranded nucleic acid that is part of a double stranded nucleic acid complex. nucleic acid strand sio:SIO_001175 SIO_001175 forward strand The positive nucleic acid strand refers to the strand that is to be read 5' to 3'. positive nucleic acid strand sio:SIO_001176 SIO_001176 reverse strand The negative nucleic acid strand is the strand that is that is complimentary to the forward strand and appears from 3' to 5'. negative nucleic acid strand 2 sio:SIO_001177 SIO_001177 double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected nucleic acids. double stranded nucleic acid 2 sio:SIO_001178 SIO_001178 double stranded nucleic acid is a molecular complex composed of two weakly connected ribonucleic acids. double stranded RNA sio:SIO_001179 SIO_001179 full agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group unanimously agree. full agreement sio:SIO_001180 SIO_001180 A mass spectrometry experiment is an experiment that involves the use of a mass spectrometer. mass spectrometry experiment sio:SIO_001181 SIO_001181 full agreement is the result of consensus decision making when members of the group unanimously disagree. full disagreement sio:SIO_001182 SIO_001182 rRNA gene A ribosomal RNA gene is a gene that codes for a ribosomal RNA molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001637 ribosomal RNA gene sio:SIO_001183 SIO_001183 A statement is a proposition that is either (a) a meaningful declarative sentence that is either true or false, or (b) that which a true or false declarative sentence asserts. statement sio:SIO_001184 SIO_001184 A slope or gradient of a line describes its steepness, incline, or grade. A higher slope value indicates a steeper incline. Slope is normally described by the ratio of the "rise" divided by the "run" between two points on a line. slope sio:SIO_001185 SIO_001185 A software process identifier is an identifier for a software process in some operating system. software process identifier sio:SIO_001186 SIO_001186 hypothetical is the quality of an entity that is conjectured to exist. hypothetical sio:SIO_001187 SIO_001187 A database row is a row that is part of a database table. database row sio:SIO_001188 SIO_001188 a SADI semantic web service is a semantic web service that follows the SADI specification sadi SADI semantic web service http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SADI sio:SIO_001189 SIO_001189 a semantic web service is a web service that provides a formal, machine understanble description of its functionality. semantic web service sio:SIO_001190 SIO_001190 a REST web service is a web service that provides functionality according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) specification. REST web service http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REST sio:SIO_001191 SIO_001191 a SOAP web service is a web service that implements Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP). SOAP web service http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOAP sio:SIO_001192 SIO_001192 A web service invocation involves the execution of a web service. web service invocation sio:SIO_001193 SIO_001193 A SADI web service invocation is the excution of a SADI web service. sadi SADI web service invocation sio:SIO_001194 SIO_001194 media are audo/visual/audiovisual modes of communicating information for mass consumption. media sio:SIO_001195 SIO_001195 Behaviour is the set of actions and mannerisms made by systems (biological or otherwise) in response to stimuli or inputs, whether internal or external, conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary. behaviour+ core behaviour sio:SIO_001196 SIO_001196 history is a sequence of past events. history sio:SIO_001197 SIO_001197 A structural motif is a pattern in a structure formed by a spatial arrangement of objects (e.g. atoms). structural motif sio:SIO_001198 SIO_001198 consensus is an acceptable resolution, one that can be supported, even if not the preferred outcome for each individual. consensus sio:SIO_001199 SIO_001199 A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of increased regulation. increased molecular degradation from increased regulation sio:SIO_001200 SIO_001200 A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation. decreased molecular degradation from decreased regulation sio:SIO_001201 SIO_001201 A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation. increased molecular degradation from decreased regulation sio:SIO_001202 SIO_001202 A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the destruction of a molecule as a result of increased regulation. decreased molecular degradation from increased regulation sio:SIO_001203 SIO_001203 A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of increased regulation. increased molecular production from increased regulation sio:SIO_001204 SIO_001204 A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of increased regulation. decreased molecular production from increased regulation sio:SIO_001205 SIO_001205 A process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation. increased molecular production from decreased regulation sio:SIO_001206 SIO_001206 A process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of process involved in the production of a molecule as a result of decreased regulation. decreased molecular production from decreased regulation sio:SIO_001207 SIO_001207 increased chemical destruction is a process in which there is an increase in the amount of chemical destroyed relative to some reference process increased chemical destruction sio:SIO_001208 SIO_001208 decreased chemical destruction is a process in which there is a decrease in the amount of chemical destroyed relative to some reference process decreased chemical destruction sio:SIO_001209 SIO_001209 An assertional qualifier is the quality of affirmation, either being positive or negative. assertional qualifier sio:SIO_001210 SIO_001210 positive is an assertional qualifier that expresses the validity or truth of a basic assertion. positive sio:SIO_001211 SIO_001211 negative is an assertional qualifier that expresses the falsity or lack of truth of a basic assertion. negative sio:SIO_001212 SIO_001212 intensity is a quality that represents the strength or degree of something. intensity sio:SIO_001213 SIO_001213 mild is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than weak, but less intense than moderate. mild sio:SIO_001214 SIO_001214 moderate is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than mild, but less intense than strong. moderate sio:SIO_001215 SIO_001215 severe is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than strong, but less intense than fatal. severe sio:SIO_001216 SIO_001216 fatal is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than severe, leading to the death/non-functioning of a system. fatal sio:SIO_001217 SIO_001217 strong is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than moderate, but less intense than severe. strong sio:SIO_001218 SIO_001218 weak is a qualitative intensity value that is more intense than none, but less intense than mild. weak sio:SIO_001219 SIO_001219 to test a hypothesis is the capability to evaluate the truth value of a proposition based on gathered evidence. to test a hypothesis sio:SIO_001220 SIO_001220 to characterize is the capability to classify the attributes or features of an entity against a reference classification. to characterize sio:SIO_001221 SIO_001221 to describe is the capabilty to communicate facts about an entity. to describe sio:SIO_001222 SIO_001222 The 5' splice site is the terminal region of an exon that is 5' to the intron that is to be excised. 5' splice site sio:SIO_001223 SIO_001223 The 3' splice site is the terminal region of an exon that is 3' to the intron that is to be excised. 3' splice site sio:SIO_001224 SIO_001224 An amino acid is an organic molecule composed of a carbon bonded to four different groups: a carboxyl group, an amino group, an R group, and a hydrogen atom. In the case of glycine, the R group is another hydrogen atom. amino acid sio:SIO_001225 SIO_001225 A cisregulatory element is a DNA sequence located on the same DNA strand or chromosome as the gene whose expression it affects. cis regulatory element sio:SIO_001226 SIO_001226 A trans-regulatory element is a DNA sequence associated with the regulation of a gene located outside the genomic region supporting the corresponding structural DNA region of the trans-regulatory element (i.e., a different DNA strand or different chromosome). trans-regulatory element sio:SIO_001227 SIO_001227 A small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small (7S; 129 nucleotides) RNA molecule found in the cytosol and rough endoplasmic reticulum that are normally associated with proteins that are involved in specific selection and transport of other proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001266 small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) gene sio:SIO_001228 SIO_001228 A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small niuclear RNA molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001268 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene sio:SIO_001229 SIO_001229 A small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) gene is a gene that encodes a small RNA that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001267 small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) gene sio:SIO_001230 SIO_001230 solube RNA (sRNA) gene tRNA gene A transfer RNA (tRNA) gene is a gene that codes for a tRNA used in the translation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce a protein product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0001272 transfer RNA (tRNA) gene sio:SIO_001231 SIO_001231 scRNA A small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) molecule is a small (7S; 129 nucleotides) RNA molecule found in the cytosol and rough endoplasmic reticulum that are normally associated with proteins that are involved in specific selection and transport of other proteins. small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) sio:SIO_001232 SIO_001232 tRNA A transfer RNA (tRNA) is an RNA molecule that aids in the translation of a messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce a protein product. transfer RNA (tRNA) sio:SIO_001233 SIO_001233 snRNA A small nuclear RNA (snRNA) is a small RNA molecule that is located in the nucleus of a cell. small nuclear RNA (snRNA) sio:SIO_001234 SIO_001234 snoRNA A small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) is a small RNA that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) sio:SIO_001235 SIO_001235 A non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) is a RNA molecular that cannot be used as a template for generating a protein product. non-protein coding RNA (ncRNA) sio:SIO_001236 SIO_001236 A data collection device is a device that collects information about one or more objects. data collection device sio:SIO_001237 SIO_001237 A mass spectrometer is a device that identifies ions based on their mass to charge ratio using an electromagnetic field. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000049 mass spectrometer sio:SIO_001238 SIO_001238 microarray platform A microarray device is a device that identifies the binding of a target substance to a physically immobile substrate placed in an array or lattice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000052 microarray device sio:SIO_001239 SIO_001239 to identify is the capability to determine the identity of something. to identify sio:SIO_001240 SIO_001240 nuclear magnetic resonance device A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) device is a device that applies a magnetic field to perturb nuclei with an odd number of protons and/or of neutrons in order to hav them absort and re-emit electromagnetic radiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000566 nmr device sio:SIO_001241 SIO_001241 registry A catalog is a systemic collection of items of the same type. catalog sio:SIO_001243 SIO_001243 Likelihood is the hypothetical probability that an event that has already occurred would yield a specific outcome. likelihood sio:SIO_001244 SIO_001244 Log likelihood is the natural logarithm of the likelihood function log likelihood sio:SIO_001245 SIO_001245 z-value, z-score, normal score, standardadized variable. A standard score is the (signed) number of standard deviations an observation or datum is above the mean. standard score sio:SIO_001246 SIO_001246 an interval is a set of real numbers with the property that any number that lies between two numbers in the set is also included in the set. interval The set of all numbers x satisfying 0<=x<=1 is an interval which contains 0 and 1, as well as numbers between them. sio:SIO_001248 SIO_001248 an open interval is an interval that does not include its endpoints. open interval (0,1) is an open interval that is greater than 0 and less than 1. sio:SIO_001249 SIO_001249 A closed interval is an interval that includes its endpoints, and is denoted with square brackets. closed interval [0,1] is a closed interval that is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. sio:SIO_001250 SIO_001250 drug-pathway association a chemical-pathway association is an association between a chemical and a pathway. chemical-pathway association sio:SIO_001251 SIO_001251 a left open interval is an interval in which there is no element that is smaller than all other elements. left open interval sio:SIO_001252 SIO_001252 a right open interval is an interval in which there is no element that is greater than all other elements. right open interval sio:SIO_001253 SIO_001253 a right closed interval is an interval in which there is a real number that is larger than all of its elements. right closed interval sio:SIO_001254 SIO_001254 a left closed interval is an interval in which there is a real number that is smaller than all its elements. left closed interval sio:SIO_001255 SIO_001255 a pharmacokinetic pathway is a metabolic pathway which describes the metabolism of a drug molecule. pharmacokinetic pathway sio:SIO_001256 SIO_001256 a pharmacodynamic pathay is a regulatory pathway in which a drug molecule regulates the activity of one or more components organized in a pathway. pharmacodynamic pathway sio:SIO_001257 SIO_001257 a chemical-gene association is an association between a chemical and a gene. chemical-gene association sio:SIO_001258 SIO_001258 set item is an item in a set. set item sio:SIO_001259 SIO_001259 a collection item is an item in a collection. collection item sio:SIO_001260 SIO_001260 a list item is an item in a list. list item sio:SIO_001261 SIO_001261 an ordered list item is an item in an ordered list. ordered list item sio:SIO_001262 SIO_001262 an anatomical entity is an object that is a structural part (material or immaterial) of a biological entity. anatomical entity sio:SIO_001263 SIO_001263 zygosity is the quality pertaining to the allelic complement of a biological system at a single locus on the DNA. zygosity sio:SIO_001264 SIO_001264 homozygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are two identical alleles at a given locus. homozygous sio:SIO_001265 SIO_001265 homozygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are two different alleles at a given locus. heterozygous sio:SIO_001266 SIO_001266 hemizygous is the quality of a biological organism in which, based on the ploidy of the organism, there is half the number of alleles than normal at a given locus. hemizygous sio:SIO_001267 SIO_001267 nullizygous is the quality of a biological organism in which there are no allelles at a given locus. nullizygous sio:SIO_001268 SIO_001268 parental transmition is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from a parental unit. parental transmission sio:SIO_001269 SIO_001269 maternally transmitted is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from the maternal line. maternally transmitted sio:SIO_001270 SIO_001270 paternally transmitted is the quality of a biological organism in which the (genetic) material is transmitted from the paternal line. paternally transmitted sio:SIO_001271 SIO_001271 helicity is the quality of being helical helicity sio:SIO_001272 SIO_001272 a circularly helical quality is the quality of a helix that is connected in a circle or loop. circularly helical sio:SIO_001273 SIO_001273 left-handed helical quality is the quality in which a clockwise screwing motion moves the helix towards the observed along the line of sight along the helix's axis. left-handed helical sio:SIO_001274 SIO_001274 right-handed helical quality is the quality in which a clockwise screwing motion moves the helix away from the observed along the line of sight along the helix's axis. right-handed helical sio:SIO_001275 SIO_001275 a coding frame offset is a numeric value that indicates the number of bases from a reference start codon position. coding frame offset sio:SIO_001276 SIO_001276 a coding sequence is a sequence of nucleotides which encode a RNA or protein product.. coding sequence sio:SIO_001281 SIO_001281 Humiliation is the abasement of pride, which creates mortification or leads to a state of being humbled or reduced to lowliness or submission. humiliation sio:SIO_001282 SIO_001282 hunger is the craving for food. hunger sio:SIO_001283 SIO_001283 discouraged Discouragement is the emtion of having lost confidence or enthusiasm. discouragement sio:SIO_001284 SIO_001284 contentment pleasure satisfaction is the emotion of fulfillling one's wishes, expectations, or needs. satisfaction sio:SIO_001285 SIO_001285 suicidal is the emotion of being deeply unhappy or depressed with thoughts of killing one's self. suicidal sio:SIO_001286 SIO_001286 irritable irritability is the negative emotion of quick excitability to annoyance, impatience, or anger. irritability sio:SIO_001287 SIO_001287 indecisiveness indecision is the emotion of being unable to choose between two or more possible courses of action. indecision sio:SIO_001288 SIO_001288 a temporal qualifier is pertains to the frequency of the event of interest. temporal qualifier sio:SIO_001289 SIO_001289 none of the time never refers to in none of the occasions. never sio:SIO_001290 SIO_001290 some of the time some refers to in the minority of occasions some of the time sio:SIO_001291 SIO_001291 most of the time most refers to in the majority of occasions most of the time sio:SIO_001292 SIO_001292 all of the time always indicates that the event occurs at all times. always sio:SIO_001293 SIO_001293 quality descriptor sio:SIO_001294 SIO_001294 very poor quality sio:SIO_001295 SIO_001295 poor quality sio:SIO_001296 SIO_001296 neither good nor poor quality sio:SIO_001297 SIO_001297 good quality sio:SIO_001298 SIO_001298 very good quality sio:SIO_001299 SIO_001299 quantity modifier sio:SIO_001300 SIO_001300 An ovopub is an information content entity that contains and links to one or more resources and/or statements, including those describing its provenance, and is itself a dereferenceable resource. ovopub+ ovopub sio:SIO_001301 SIO_001301 A collection ovopub is an ovopub that contains and links to one or more assertion subgraphs and/or ovopubs, as well as statements describing its provenance. It is used to share a specific set of items or restrict a search to the resources contained therein. collection ovopub sio:SIO_001302 SIO_001302 An assertion ovopub is an ovopub that contains and links to an assertion subgraph with one or more statements that may be true or false, as well as statements describing its provenance. assertion ovopub sio:SIO_001303 SIO_001303 none quantifier sio:SIO_001304 SIO_001304 a little quantifier sio:SIO_001305 SIO_001305 moderately quantifier sio:SIO_001306 SIO_001306 mostly quantifier sio:SIO_001307 SIO_001307 completely quantifier sio:SIO_001308 SIO_001308 satisfaction qualifier sio:SIO_001309 SIO_001309 very dissatisfied qualifier sio:SIO_001310 SIO_001310 dissatisfied qualifier sio:SIO_001311 SIO_001311 neither satisfied or dissatisfied qualifier sio:SIO_001312 SIO_001312 satisfied qualifier sio:SIO_001313 SIO_001313 excellent quality sio:SIO_001314 SIO_001314 the date at which an information content entity was made public. date of issue sio:SIO_001315 SIO_001315 an ordered list of authors. author list sio:SIO_001316 SIO_001316 an ordered list is a list in which items are sequentially ordered. ordered list sio:SIO_001317 SIO_001317 a middle name is a name assigned to an individual that is not the first or last name. middle name sio:SIO_001318 SIO_001318 a middle initial is an abbreviated middle name. middle initial sio:SIO_001319 SIO_001319 a telephone number is an identifier used to connect to a physical device capable of transfering voice or data over a network. telephone number sio:SIO_001320 SIO_001320 a cellular phone number is a number to connect to a mobile device cellular phone number sio:SIO_001321 SIO_001321 a fax number is a number to connect to fax device fax number sio:SIO_001322 SIO_001322 IP address an IP number is an number to connect to a device on the internet. IP number sio:SIO_001323 SIO_001323 an email address is an identifier to send mail to particular electronic mailbox. email address sio:SIO_001324 SIO_001324 a work phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of work. work phone number sio:SIO_001325 SIO_001325 a home phone number is the number to connect to an phone at a place of residence. home phone number sio:SIO_001326 SIO_001326 status descriptor is a descriptor for the state of a process or object. status descriptor sio:SIO_001327 SIO_001327 A protein expression value is a quantity obtained from a protein expression experiment. protein expression value sio:SIO_001328 SIO_001328 CNV copy number variation refers to the number of deletions/duplications of a DNA region as compared to some reference state. copy number variation sio:SIO_001329 SIO_001329 SNP SNV single nucleotide variation a single nucleotide variation (SNV) is a nucleotide residue that is a variant compared to some reference nucleic acid sequence. single nucleotide polymorphism sio:SIO_001330 SIO_001330 metadata is data that provides information about data. metadata sio:SIO_001331 SIO_001331 A diagnosis is the result of a medical investigation to identify a disorder from its signs and symptoms. diagnosis sio:SIO_001332 SIO_001332 dag a directed acyclic graph or DAG is a network digram that contains directed edges in which nodes may have multiple parents, but there are no cycles. directed acyclic graph sio:SIO_001333 SIO_001333 an arc is a closed segment of a differentiable curve. arc sio:SIO_001334 SIO_001334 an edge is a line connecting two graph vertices. edge sio:SIO_001335 SIO_001335 vertex a node or vertex is a point in a graph. node sio:SIO_001336 SIO_001336 An epimer is a stereoisomer that differs in configuration at only one stereogenic center. epimer 2 sio:SIO_001337 SIO_001337 epimer association sio:SIO_001338 SIO_001338 a mereological quality is a quality of an entity vis-a-vis containment or parthood mereological quality sio:SIO_001339 SIO_001339 empty is the quality of not containing some thing empty sio:SIO_001340 SIO_001340 full is the quality of contain an entity such that there is no more space for any additional entity. full sio:SIO_001341 SIO_001341 a containment quality is a quality of being able to contain another entity. containment quality sio:SIO_001342 SIO_001342 A gene-disease association in which a gene mutation is known to modify the clinical presentation of the disease. gene-disease association linked with modifying mutation sio:SIO_001343 SIO_001343 A gene-disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene predisposes to the development of the disease, and it is necessary but not sufficient for the manifestation of the disease. gene-disease association linked with susceptibility mutation sio:SIO_001344 SIO_001344 A gene-variant disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease, and it may be passed on to offspring. gene-disease association linked with germline causal mutation sio:SIO_001345 SIO_001345 A gene-variant disease association in which a somatic mutation in the gene/protein results in the development or maintenance of the disease, and it may not be passed on to offspring. gene-disease association linked with somatic causal mutation sio:SIO_001346 SIO_001346 A gene-variant disease association in which a somatic mutation in the gene modifies the clinical presentation of the disease, and it may not be passed on to offspring. gene-disease association linked with somatic modifying mutation sio:SIO_001347 SIO_001347 A gene-variant disease association in which a germline mutation in the gene modifies the clinical presentation of the disease, and it may be passed on to offspring. gene-disease association linked with germline modifying mutation sio:SIO_001348 SIO_001348 A gene-disease association in which the fusion between two different genes (promotor and/or other coding DNA regions) is associated with the disease. fusion gene-disease association sio:SIO_001349 SIO_001349 A gene-disease association in which the gene is included in a chromosomal rearrangement associated with a particular manifestation of the disease. gene-disease association linked with chromosomal rearrangement sio:SIO_001350 SIO_001350 a gene-disease association that is linked with some genomic alteration gene-disease association linked with genomic alterations sio:SIO_001351 SIO_001351 DisGeNET Disease specificity is a measure of disease coverage. It is calculated from the negative base 2 log of the ratio of number of diseases associated to the total number of diseases. The measure is described here: http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/dbinfo#specificity DisGeNET disease specificity sio:SIO_001352 SIO_001352 The DisGeNET pleiotropy index is a measure of specificity as it pertains to classes of disease. The disease pleotropy index is computed from the ratio of the number of disease classes associated with an entity over the total number of disease classes multplied by 100. The measure is defined here: http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/dbinfo#pleiotropy DisGeNET Pleiotropy Index sio:SIO_001353 SIO_001353 specialized object sio:SIO_001354 SIO_001354 A week is a period of 7 consecutive days. week sio:SIO_001355 SIO_001355 Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance; equivalently, it is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance for the same given volume. specific gravity sio:SIO_001356 SIO_001356 information encoding sio:SIO_001357 SIO_001357 speech is the expression of thoughts and feelings by sound. speech sio:SIO_001358 SIO_001358 the capability to retrieve a (digitial/physical/mental) object from a location. to retrieve sio:SIO_001359 SIO_001359 information translation sio:SIO_001360 SIO_001360 information decoding sio:SIO_001361 SIO_001361 to store is the capability to place an object into a medium in which it can be retrieved in the future. to store sio:SIO_001362 SIO_001362 the capability to encode information in a different representation to encode information sio:SIO_001363 SIO_001363 the capability to maintain information such that it can be retrieved in the future. to maintain information sio:SIO_001364 SIO_001364 the ability to reverse an encoding operation to decode information sio:SIO_001365 SIO_001365 The amount of change accumulated per unit time. rate of change sio:SIO_001366 SIO_001366 regulation of information the regulation or maintenance of information information maintenance sio:SIO_001367 SIO_001367 Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time frequency sio:SIO_001368 SIO_001368 Speed is the rate of change of an object's position. speed sio:SIO_001369 SIO_001369 The rate of change of an object's position and the direction of that change velocity sio:SIO_001370 SIO_001370 A slide is an visual representation meant to communicate some information. slide sio:SIO_001371 SIO_001371 A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a state, city or country. statute sio:SIO_001372 SIO_001372 A legal document proposing or enacting a law or a group of laws. legislation sio:SIO_001373 SIO_001373 A legal document is a formally executed written document that can be formally attributed to its author, records and formally expresses a legally enforceable act, process, or contractual duty, obligation, or right, and therefore evidences that act, process, or agreement. legal document sio:SIO_001374 SIO_001374 A brief is a written legal document used in various legal adversarial systems that is presented to a court arguing why one party to a particular case should prevail. brief sio:SIO_001375 SIO_001375 book section sio:SIO_001376 SIO_001376 A bill is proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature. bill sio:SIO_001377 SIO_001377 a versioned dataset is a dataset with a particular release date or release number. versioned dataset sio:SIO_001378 SIO_001378 an analyte is a substance or chemical constituent of interest in an analytical procedure. analyte sio:SIO_001379 A protein domain is a part of a protein that maintains its structure and function independently of the rest of the protein. SIO_001379 protein domain sio:SIO_001380 a protein family is a collection of proteins that share a common evolutionary origin, reflected by their related function and similarity in composition or structure. SIO_001380 protein family sio:SIO_001381 a genomic sequence variant is part of a nucleic acid which is compositionally different than another reference genomic part. SIO_001381 variant genomic sequence variant sio:SIO_001382 a unigene cluster is a collection of transcripts (ESTs and mRNAs) that map to a particular genomic region. SIO_001382 cluster of transcripts unigene cluster sio:SIO_001383 a gene symbol is a short name assigned to a gene. SIO_001383 gene symbol sio:SIO_001384 a statement of consequence is a statement concerning the result or effect of an action or condition. SIO_001384 statement of consequence sio:SIO_001385 a notation is a series or system of written symbols used to represent numbers, amounts, or elements. SIO_001385 notation sio:SIO_001386 a notation to describe a chemical entity SIO_001386 chemical notation sio:SIO_001387 SIO_001387 InCHI notation sio:SIO_001388 SIO_001388 sequence variation notation sio:SIO_001389 The HGVS (human genome variation society) notation is a notation to specify a sequence variation in dna, rna, proteins, and other biomolecules. SIO_001389 hgvs notation sio:SIO_001390 A protein coding sequence (CDS) is the region of DNA that is translated to form proteins. The CDS refers to those nucleotides (concatenated exons) that can be divided into codons which are actually translated into amino acids by the ribosomal translation machinery. SIO_001390 CDS coding sequence protein coding sequence sio:SIO_001391 an ontology is a formal specification of entities, their attributes and relationships. SIO_001391 ontology sio:SIO_001392 A biologic, also known as a biologic medical product, biological, or biopharmaceutical, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semisynthesized from biological sources. SIO_001392 biologic sio:SIO_001393 a post-translational modification is a part of a protein that was added, removed, or modified as a result of a chemical reaction after synthesis. SIO_001393 post-translational modification sio:SIO_001394 evidence is the body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. SIO_001394 evidence 2 sio:SIO_001395 SIO_001395 oligosaccharide saccharide a carbohydrate is an organic molecule composed of two or more monosaccharides. carbohydrate sio:SIO_001396 A terminology is a set of terms used for a specified application. SIO_001396 terminology sio:SIO_001397 A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. SIO_001397 miRNA microRNA (miRNA) sio:SIO_001398 a medical intervention is a medical procedure to treat (to cure or alleviate) a health condition. SIO_001398 medical intervention sio:SIO_001399 chemical exposure is a process to expose one or more individuals to a chemical substance. SIO_001399 chemical exposure sio:SIO_001400 SIO_001400 subcellular entity sio:SIO_001405 SIO_001405 intersex is a biological sex characterised by birth with genitalia and/or secondary sexual characteristics of indeterminate sex, or which combine features of both sexes. intersex sio:SIO_001406 SIO_001406 Density (volumetric mass density) is the quantity of mass per unit volume of a substance. density sio:SIO_001407 SIO_001407 The surface area of a is a measure of the total area that the surface of the object occupies. surface area sio:SIO_001408 SIO_001408 The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions. aspect ratio sio:SIO_001409 SIO_001409 object relational quality refers to a quality in relation to one or more objects object relational quality sio:SIO_001410 SIO_001410 synthetic quality is the quality of a manufactured object that has similar properties as naturally occuring objects. synthetic quality sio:SIO_001411 SIO_001411 sample quality is the quality of an object that is drawn from a larger population. sample quality sio:SIO_001412 SIO_001412 replica quality is the quality of an object that is an exact copy of another object. replica quality sio:SIO_001413 SIO_001413 A percentage is a number that is a ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is denoted using the percent sign "%". percentage sio:SIO_001414 SIO_001414 A quantile is a quantity that divides the range of a probability distribution into continuous intervals with equal probabilities, or dividing the observations in a sample in the same way. quantile sio:SIO_001415 SIO_001415 A percentile (or a centile) is a quantile that divides the given probability distribution, or sample, into 100 equal-sized intervals. percentile sio:SIO_001416 SIO_001416 a duplicate role is a comparative role that holds when one item is an exact copy of another in a specific set. duplicate role sio:SIO_001417 SIO_001417 a replicate role is a comparative role that holds when one item is a reproduction, facsimile, or a copy of another. replicate role sio:SIO_001418 SIO_001418 a replicate is an object that is a facsimile, reproduction, or copy of another item. replicate sio:SIO_001419 SIO_001419 replicates a collection of replicates is a collection composed of items that are a facsimile, reproduction, or copy of other items in the collection. a collection of replicates sio:SIO_001420 SIO_001420 a duplicate is an object that is an exact copy of another item duplicate sio:SIO_001421 SIO_001421 duplicates a collection of duplicates is a collection composed of items that are an exact copy of other items in the collection. a collection of duplicates sio:SIO_001422 SIO_001422 salt a chemical salt is a molecular complex composed of an ionic assembly of cations and anions. chemical salt sio:SIO_001423 SIO_001423 a strong chemical salt is a chemical salt that is composed of strong electrolytes. Strong chemical salts contain Na,K,NH4 or NO3, CIO4, CH3COO. strong chemical salt sio:SIO_001424 SIO_001424 a weak chemical salt is a chemical salt composed of weak eletrolytes. weak chemical salt sio:SIO_001425 SIO_001425 a peptide is an organic polymer composed of between two and fifty amino acids. peptide sio:SIO_001426 SIO_001426 an oligopeptide is an organic polymer composed of fewer than 10 or 15 amino acids. oligopeptide 2 sio:SIO_001427 SIO_001427 an amino acid polymer is an organic polymer composed of two or more amino acid residues. amino acid polymer sio:SIO_001428 SIO_001428 an ingredient is a chemical substance that forms part of a mixture. ingredient sio:SIO_001429 SIO_001429 a tensor is a n-dimensional array. tensor sio:SIO_001430 SIO_001430 rank 1 tensor a vector is a rank 1 tensor that is described by n-dimension of scalars. vector sio:SIO_001431 SIO_001431 rank 0 tensor a scalar is a rank 0 tensor and is an element of a field that is used to define a vector space. scalar 0 sio:SIO_001432 SIO_001432 a vector space is a set of vectors. vector space sio:SIO_001433 SIO_001433 rank 2 tensor a matrix is a rank 2 tensor. It is represented as a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions arranged in rows and columns. matrix sio:SIO_001434 SIO_001434 a rank nonzero tensor is a tensor with a rank greater than zero. rank nonzero tensor 2 sio:SIO_001435 SIO_001435 A chemical-chemical association is an association between two chemical entities. chemical-chemical association 2 sio:SIO_001436 SIO_001436 A disease-disease association is an association between two diseases. disease-disease association 2 sio:SIO_001437 SIO_001437 A gene-gene association is an association between two genes. gene-gene association 2 sio:SIO_001438 SIO_001438 A protein-protein association is an association between two proteins. protein-protein association sio:SIO_001439 SIO_001439 A protein-disease association is an association between a protein and a disease. protein-disease association sio:SIO_001440 SIO_001440 A chemical-protein association is an association between a chemical and a protein. chemical-protein association sio:SIO_001441 SIO_001441 An imaginary number is a complex number whose real part is zero e.g. 0 + bi, and is expressed as a multiple of the square root of -1. 5i is an imaginary number, and its square is -25. imaginary number sio:SIO_001442 SIO_001442 a real number is a complex number whose imaginary part is zero, e.g. a + 0i. real number 1 1 sio:SIO_001443 SIO_001443 a complex number is an element of a number system that extends the real numbers with an imaginary unit i. Every complex number can be expressed in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers. complex number sio:SIO_001444 SIO_001444 the quality of existing only in the imagination. it can be used to describe concepts, ideas, or things that are the product of a cognitive process. imaginary sio:SIO_001445 SIO_001445 a protein isoform is a protein that is a structural variant (different sequence of amino acids and/or post-translational modifications) of another protein, but encoded by the same gene. protein isoform sio:SIO_001446 SIO_001446 a salt is a heterogeneous substance that is coposed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions) held together by electrostatic forces. salt sio:SIO_010000 SIO_010000 A biological organisn is a biological entity that consists of one or more cells and is capable of genomic replication (independently or not). organism sio:SIO_010001 SIO_010001 A cell is a biological entity that is contained by a plasma membrane. cell sio:SIO_010002 SIO_010002 A tissue is a mereologically maximal collection of cells that together perform some function. tissue sio:SIO_010003 SIO_010003 An organ is a collection of tissues joined in structural unit to serve a common function. organ sio:SIO_010004 SIO_010004 A chemical entity is a material entity that pertains to chemistry. CHEBI:23367 chemical+ chemical entity atom, ion, molecule, chemical substance, sio:SIO_010005 SIO_010005 A weak submolecular component is a submolecular component that weakly connects submolecular components. weak submolecular component 2 sio:SIO_010007 SIO_010007 A polypeptide is an organic polymer composed of amino acid residues, typically of less than 50 amino acids in length. polypeptide 2 sio:SIO_010008 SIO_010008 A nucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of nucleotide residues. nucleic acid 2 sio:SIO_010009 SIO_010009 A ribonucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of ribonucleotide residues. ribonucleic acid 2 sio:SIO_010010 SIO_010010 A deoxyribonucleic acid is an organic polymer composed of a sequence of deoxyribonucleotide residues. deoxyribonucleic acid sio:SIO_010011 SIO_010011 A lipid is a water-insoluable organic molecule. lipid sio:SIO_010013 SIO_010013 A chemical interaction is a biochemical process in which chemical entities interact through some set of attractive forces. biopax:Interaction chemical interaction sio:SIO_010014 SIO_010014 A primary structure descriptor describes a biomolecular object in terms of a 1D or 2D topology. primary structure descriptor sio:SIO_010015 SIO_010015 amino acid sequence polypeptide sequence A protein acid sequence is the character representation of the molecular structure of a protein. protein sequence sio:SIO_010016 SIO_010016 A nucleic acid sequence is a symbolic representation of the sequence of nucleic acid residues in a nucleic acid. nucleic acid sequence sio:SIO_010017 SIO_010017 RNA sequence A ribonucleic acid sequence is a symbolic representation of the sequence of ribonucleic acid residues in a ribonucleic acid. ribonucleic acid sequence sio:SIO_010018 SIO_010018 DNA sequence A deoxyribonucleic acid sequence is a symbolic representation of the sequence of deoxyribonucleic acid residues in a deoxyribonucleic acid. deoxyribonucleic acid sequence sio:SIO_010019 SIO_010019 biological data is scientific data relevant to biology. biological data sio:SIO_010020 SIO_010020 A submolecular entity is a chemical entity that is a part of a molecule. submolecular entity sio:SIO_010022 SIO_010022 A secondary structure descriptor describes local topological patterns in a biopolymer. secondary structure descriptor sio:SIO_010023 SIO_010023 A tertiary structure descriptor describes 3D topological patterns in a biopolymer. tertiary structure descriptor sio:SIO_010024 SIO_010024 A quaternary structure descriptor describes topological patterns in a multi-unit biopolymer complex. quaternary structure sio:SIO_010026 SIO_010026 genetic polymorphism is the description of a difference in genetic composition at some location. genetic polymorphism sio:SIO_010028 SIO_010028 genetic data is data pertaining to genetics. genetic data sio:SIO_010029 SIO_010029 biological sex is the quality of a biological organism based on reproductive function or organs. biological sex sio:SIO_010030 SIO_010030 A monosaccharide is an organic molecule that consists of a single polyhydroxy aldehyde or ketone group. monosaccharide sio:SIO_010031 SIO_010031 A PDB chain identifier is a alphabetical label to identify a molecule in a structure provided by the Protein DataBank . PDB chain identifier sio:SIO_010032 SIO_010032 A PDB record identifier is an identifier for a PDB generated record. PDB record identifier sio:SIO_010033 SIO_010033 A hydrogen bond is a weak submolecular interaction formed between a hydrogen atom and a electronegative atom. hydrogen bond sio:SIO_010034 SIO_010034 A cation pi interaction is an ionic interaction between the localized negative charge of π orbital electrons, located above and below the plane of an aromatic ring, and a positive charge. cation pi interaction sio:SIO_010035 SIO_010035 A gene is part of a nucleic acid that contains all the necessary elements to encode a functional transcript. biopax:Gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000704 gene sio:SIO_010036 SIO_010036 A biochemical reaction is a biochemical process that involves the conversion of at least one chemical participant (target) into another (product) by an enzyme (agent). biopax:BiochemicalReaction biopax:Conversion biochemical reaction sio:SIO_010037 SIO_010037 A chemical element is a (effectively) homogeneous substance composed of one type of atom. chemical element sio:SIO_010038 SIO_010038 A drug is a chemical substance that contains one or more active ingredients that regulate one or more biological processes. drug sio:SIO_010039 SIO_010039 medicine A pharmaceutical preparation is a chemical substance that is approved for use in the medical diagnosis, cure, treatment, or prevention of disease. pharmaceutical drug sio:SIO_010040 SIO_010040 A binding site is a molecular site which when occupied with particular ligands leads to structural transformations that initiatiate new moelcular processes. binding site sio:SIO_010041 SIO_010041 An active site is a molecular site in which a chemical event occurs (structural transformation or conformational change). active site sio:SIO_010042 SIO_010042 A haplotype is one of a set of genomic sequence variants. haplotype sio:SIO_010043 SIO_010043 A protein is an organic polymer that is composed of one or more linear polymers of amino acids. CHEBI:36080 protein sio:SIO_010044 SIO_010044 An atom is composed of a core of protons and/or neutrons which may be surrounded by a cloud of electrons. atom sio:SIO_010045 SIO_010045 A base pair is a weak molecular interaction composed of hydrogen bonds between nucleobases. base pair sio:SIO_010046 SIO_010046 A biological entity is a heterogeneous substance that contains genomic material or is the product of a biological process. chemical- biological entity sio:SIO_010047 SIO_010047 A strong submolecular component is a submolecular component that strongly connects submolecular components. strong submolecular component sio:SIO_010048 SIO_010048 male is a biological sex of an individual with male sexual organs. PATO:0000384 male sio:SIO_010049 SIO_010049 A moleclar site is a spatial region bounded (in part or in whole) by a molecule and may be occupied by other material entities (e.g. drugs). molecular site sio:SIO_010050 SIO_010050 An allosteric site is a binding site that when bound to particular ligand changes the conformational state and affects its functionality. allosteric site sio:SIO_010051 SIO_010051 A biological fluid is a fluid of biological origin. biological fluid sio:SIO_010052 SIO_010052 female is a biological sex of an individual with female sexual organs. female sio:SIO_010053 SIO_010053 evolutionary lineage is a sequence of species, that form a line of descent, each new species the direct result of speciation from an immediate ancestral species. evolutionary lineage sio:SIO_010054 SIO_010054 A cell line is a collection of genetically identifical cells. cell line sio:SIO_010055 SIO_010055 A strain is a genetic variant or kind of microorganism. strain sio:SIO_010056 SIO_010056 A phenotype is an observable characteristic of an individual. phenotype sio:SIO_010057 SIO_010057 life status is the quality of whether something is alive or dead. life status sio:SIO_010058 SIO_010058 alive is the state of a biological organism that exhibits biological functions. alive sio:SIO_010059 SIO_010059 dead is the quality of an object in which there is a cessation of all biological functions. dead sio:SIO_010060 SIO_010060 family history is the systematic narrative and research of past events relating to a specific family, or specific families. family history sio:SIO_010061 SIO_010061 generation number is a count of the number of biological reproduction events elapsed from some starting reference point. generation number sio:SIO_010064 SIO_010064 The five prime untranslated region (5' UTR) is a section of messenger RNA (mRNA) and the DNA that codes for it that starts at the +1 position (where transcription begins) and ends one nucleotide before the start codon (usually AUG) of the coding region. 5' untranslated region sio:SIO_010065 SIO_010065 bioinformatic data is data genereated or used for computer-based investigations of biological phenomena. bioinformatic data sio:SIO_010066 SIO_010066 A sequence alignment is the character-based alignment of sequences using some method. sequence alignment sio:SIO_010067 SIO_010067 A multiple sequence alignment is a sequence alignment involving more than two sequences. multiple sequence alignment sio:SIO_010068 SIO_010068 A pairwise sequence alignment is the alignment of exactly 2 sequences. pairwise sequence alignment sio:SIO_010070 SIO_010070 A three prime untranslated region (3'-UTR) is the section of messenger RNA (mRNA) that immediately follows the translation termination codon. 3' untranslated region sio:SIO_010071 SIO_010071 An organic submolecule is connected region of a molecule. organic submolecule sio:SIO_010072 SIO_010072 An organic molecule is a molecule composed of organic atoms (at least carbon, hydrogen, and optionally oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur) organic molecule 1 1 sio:SIO_010073 SIO_010073 An open reading frame (ORF) is a part of a gene that encodes a protein but does not contain a stop codon. open reading frame sio:SIO_010074 SIO_010074 An amino acid residue is a submolecule of an amino acid that is part of a larger molecule. amino acid residue sio:SIO_010075 SIO_010075 A nucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a nucleotide. nucleotide residue sio:SIO_010076 SIO_010076 A poison is a drug that is harzardous or toxic to an organism when ingested at a certain quantity. poison sio:SIO_010077 SIO_010077 An active ingredient is a molecular entity that exhibits biological activity. active ingredient sio:SIO_010084 SIO_010084 An operon is a collection of contiguous genes transcribed as a single (polycistronic) mRNA. SO:0000178 operon sio:SIO_010085 SIO_010085 A gene regulatory component is a gene component that exerts a regulatory function. gene regulatory component sio:SIO_010086 SIO_010086 A gene enhancer is a short region of DNA that can be bound with proteins to enhance transcription levels of genes in a gene cluster. gene enhancer sio:SIO_010087 SIO_010087 Aninactive ingredient is a molecular entity that does not exhibit biological activity. inactive ingredient sio:SIO_010088 SIO_010088 to serve as a template for molecular synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which another molecule may be produced. to serve as a template for molecular synthesis sio:SIO_010089 SIO_010089 to serve as a template for protein synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which a protein may be produced. to serve as a template for protein synthesis sio:SIO_010090 SIO_010090 to serve as a template for RNA synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which an RNA molecule may be produced. to serve as a template for RNA synthesis sio:SIO_010091 SIO_010091 to serve as a template for DNA synthesis is the capability of a chemical entity to provide the necessary information or scaffold by which a DNA molecule may be produced. to serve as a template for DNA synthesis sio:SIO_010092 SIO_010092 A deoxyribonucleic acid template is a deoxyribonucleic acid that provides the template to synthesize a complementary strand of DNA through transcription. deoxyribonucleic acid template sio:SIO_010093 SIO_010093 A deoxyribonucleic acid primer is a deoxyribonucleic acid that enables the synthesis of a complement strand of DNA by binding to it and acting as a point of transcription initiation. deoxyribonucleic acid primer sio:SIO_010094 SIO_010094 to serve as a primer for DNA synthesis is the capability of a short nucleic acid to bind to the 5' end of single strand of DNA template and help initiate DNA replication. to serve as a primer for DNA synthesis sio:SIO_010095 SIO_010095 An RNA transcript component is a region of an RNA transcript. RNA transcript component sio:SIO_010096 SIO_010096 A mature RNA is a ribonucleic acid that contains an untranslated region (UTR) and protein coding sequence and lacks introns. mature mRNA sio:SIO_010097 SIO_010097 Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is a single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) that is synthesized from a DNA template throught transcription. pre-mRNA sio:SIO_010098 SIO_010098 An mRNA splice variant is an mRNA molecule that varies from another mRNA molecule of the same gene origin but having a different final sequence due to differences in its assembly from splice sites. mRNA splice variant sio:SIO_010099 SIO_010099 A messenger RNA is a ribonucleic acid that contains an untranslated region (UTR) and protein coding sequence and lacks introns. messenger RNA sio:SIO_010100 SIO_010100 A gene that is located on DNA. dna gene sio:SIO_010101 SIO_010101 A gene that is located on RNA. rna gene sio:SIO_010277 SIO_010277 An allele is one of a set of sequence variants of a gene. allele sio:SIO_010278 SIO_010278 ploidy is the cellular quality relating to the amount of DNA contained in a cell. ploidy sio:SIO_010283 SIO_010283 chemical transport is the directed movement of a chemical entity by some agent (e.g. transporter). biopax:Transport chemical transport sio:SIO_010284 SIO_010284 active transport is the movement of a substance across a membrane against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration) and requires chemical energy. biopax:TransportWithBiochemicalReaction active transport sio:SIO_010285 SIO_010285 molecular complex formation is the process of forming a molecular complex from its constituent parts. molecular complex formation sio:SIO_010286 SIO_010286 molecular complex disassociation is the process of dissambly of a molecular complex into its constitutent parts. molecular complex dissociation sio:SIO_010287 SIO_010287 regulation of biochemical process is a process that changes the frequency, rate or extent of a target biochemical process. regulation of biochemical process sio:SIO_010288 SIO_010288 biochemical activation is a molecular interaction that increases the catalytic rate of the target enzyme. biochemical activation sio:SIO_010289 SIO_010289 biochemical inhibition is a molecular interaction that decreases the catalytic rate of the target enzyme. biochemical inhibition sio:SIO_010295 SIO_010295 positive regulation process up-regulation is a process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of one or more processes in relation to a reference state. process up-regulation sio:SIO_010296 SIO_010296 negative regulation process down-regulation is a process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of one or more processes in relation to a reference state. process down-regulation sio:SIO_010298 SIO_010298 medical data is data of interest to medicine. medical data sio:SIO_010299 SIO_010299 disease is the outward manifestation of one or more disorders. disease sio:SIO_010300 SIO_010300 transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. transcription sio:SIO_010301 SIO_010301 translation is the process of producing a polypeptide from a ribonucleic acid by a ribosome. translation sio:SIO_010307 SIO_010307 Molecular modification is chemical alteration of a known and previously characterized lead compound for the purpose of enhancing its usefulness as a drug. This could mean enhancing its specificity for a particular body target site, increasing its potency, improving its rate and extent of absorption, modifying to advantage its time course in the body, reducing its toxicity, changing its physical or chemical properties (like solubility) to provide desired features. molecular modification sio:SIO_010308 SIO_010308 Metabolism is the set of chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life. metabolism sio:SIO_010309 SIO_010309 Anabolism is the set of metabolic processes that take apart larger chemical entities units into smaller chemical entities. catabolism sio:SIO_010310 SIO_010310 Anabolism is the set of metabolic processes that construct larger chemical entities units from smaller chemical entities. anabolism sio:SIO_010334 SIO_010334 A carbohydrate residue is a part of a molecule that was derived from a monosaccharide molecule. carbohydrate residue sio:SIO_010335 SIO_010335 A nucleic acid part is a component of a nucleic acid. nucleic acid part sio:SIO_010336 SIO_010336 A deoxyribonucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a deoxyribonucleotide. deoxyribonucleotide residue sio:SIO_010337 SIO_010337 A ribonucleotide residue is a part of a molecule that derives from a ribonucleotide. ribonucleotide residue sio:SIO_010338 SIO_010338 A pharmaceutical ingredient is a part of a pharmaceutical preparation. pharmaceutical ingredient sio:SIO_010340 SIO_010340 to covalently modify is to materially change a molecule by adding or removing covalent bonds between atoms. to covalently modify sio:SIO_010342 SIO_010342 A chemical complex is a chemical substance composed of weakly connected molecules and ions in a known stoichiometry. chemical complex sio:SIO_010343 SIO_010343 An enzyme is a protein or protein complex that realizes its disposition to covalently modify some molecule during a chemical reaction. enzyme sio:SIO_010344 SIO_010344 A catalyst is a molecule that has the capability to reduce the activation energy of a reaction and hence increase the overall rate of reaction. catalyst sio:SIO_010345 SIO_010345 A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. chemical reaction sio:SIO_010346 SIO_010346 An organic polymer is an organic molecule composed of connected set of monomeric units. organic polymer sio:SIO_010347 SIO_010347 to modify conformation of is to affect the spatial arrangement of an entity. to modify conformation of sio:SIO_010349 SIO_010349 to cleave is to split or sever an object along a natural line or grain. to cleave sio:SIO_010351 SIO_010351 to combine is the capability to modify a set of objects in a way that the object is merged with another object to form a new object or substance. to combine sio:SIO_010353 SIO_010353 to breathe is the capability to inhale and exhale air into the body during respiration. to breathe sio:SIO_010354 SIO_010354 to conformationally activate is to modify the conformation of an entity in such a way that it becomes activated or functional. to conformationally activate sio:SIO_010355 SIO_010355 to conformationally inhibit is to modify the conformation of an entity in such a way that it functionally is reduced or inhibited. to conformationally inhibit sio:SIO_010358 SIO_010358 to oxidize is the capability to remove an electron or an increase in oxidation state of a chemical entity. to oxidize sio:SIO_010359 SIO_010359 to reduce is the capability to add an electron or an decrease in oxidation state of a chemical entity. to reduce sio:SIO_010360 SIO_010360 to modify the oxidation state of is to change the number of electrons of a molecule, atom or ion. to modify oxidation state of sio:SIO_010362 SIO_010362 A substrate is a molecule that is consumed in the course of a biochemical reaction. substrate sio:SIO_010363 SIO_010363 product sio:SIO_010364 SIO_010364 to be modified is the capability to be actively interacted with in such a way that it leads to a physical reconfiguration. to be modified sio:SIO_010365 SIO_010365 to be cleaved is the capability to be modified in a way that splits one part of the object from the other. to be cleaved sio:SIO_010366 SIO_010366 to be covalently modified is the capability of a chemical entity to have bonds added or removed to be covalently modified sio:SIO_010367 SIO_010367 to be combined is the capability to be modified in a way that the object is merged with another object to form a new object or substance. to be combined sio:SIO_010368 SIO_010368 to be transported is the disposition to undergo motion. to be transported sio:SIO_010369 SIO_010369 to be electronically modified is the capability of a chemical entity to have electrons added or removed. to be electronically modified sio:SIO_010370 SIO_010370 to gain an electron is the capability of a chemical entity to receive an electron. to gain an electron sio:SIO_010371 SIO_010371 to lose an electron is the capability of a chemical entity to lose an electron. to lose an electron sio:SIO_010372 SIO_010372 to be activated is the capability to be modified in such a way that the conformational change leads to an increase in another capability. to be activated sio:SIO_010373 SIO_010373 to be inhibited is the capability to be modified in such a way that the conformational change leads to an decrease in another capability. to be inhibited sio:SIO_010374 SIO_010374 to be conformationally changed is the capability to be modified in such a way that the object's conformation is changed. to be conformationally changed 2 sio:SIO_010375 SIO_010375 A multi-cellular organism is an organism that consists of more than one cell. multicellular organism sio:SIO_010376 SIO_010376 A unicellular organism is a organism that is composed of a single cell. unicellular organism sio:SIO_010377 SIO_010377 A cellular organism is an organism that contains one or more cells. cellular organism sio:SIO_010378 SIO_010378 A non-cellular organism is an organism that does not contain a cell. non-cellular organism sio:SIO_010379 SIO_010379 A virus is a non-cellular organism that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism. virus sio:SIO_010383 SIO_010383 A drug regulatory authority is a regulatory authority which acts to control what substances may be used to treat individuals. drug regulatory authority sio:SIO_010410 SIO_010410 A specialized material entity is a material entity that is defined by having some quality, role or capability. specialized material entity sio:SIO_010411 SIO_010411 A reagent is a substance that is added to a system in order to bring about a chemical reaction, or added to see if a reaction occurs. reagent sio:SIO_010412 SIO_010412 A specimen is a portion of material for use in testing, examination, or study. specimen sio:SIO_010414 SIO_010414 A pathogen or infectious agent is a microorganism that causes disease in its host. pathogen sio:SIO_010415 SIO_010415 A host is an organism that harbors a parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter. host sio:SIO_010416 SIO_010416 A buffer is a dissolved chemical substance that resists change in pH upon addition of small amounts of acid or base. buffer sio:SIO_010417 SIO_010417 A solvent is a substance that can dissolve other substances (solutes). solvent sio:SIO_010418 SIO_010418 A solute is a substance that becomes dissolved in a solvent. solute sio:SIO_010419 SIO_010419 An antigen is a molecule that can be bound by a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and presented to a T-cell receptor. antigen sio:SIO_010420 SIO_010420 A receptor molecule is a molecule that has the capability to bind to a signal and propogate a response to that signal. receptor sio:SIO_010423 SIO_010423 target sio:SIO_010424 SIO_010424 A centrifugation pellet is a solid substance that forms as a result of compaction by a centrifuge. centrifugation pellet sio:SIO_010425 SIO_010425 A supernatent is a liquid substance that remains after centrifugation. supernatant sio:SIO_010426 SIO_010426 A centrifugation substance is a substance that is the target or product of centrifugation. centrifugation substance sio:SIO_010427 SIO_010427 A liquid solution component is a part of a liquid solution. liquid solution component sio:SIO_010428 SIO_010428 An evaluation role is a processual role held by an entity during some evaluation. evaluation role sio:SIO_010429 SIO_010429 A placebo is a medically ineffectual treatment for a medical condition intended to deceive the recipient. placebo sio:SIO_010430 SIO_010430 A test role is the role of an individual that is a participant in the study and is the target of the intervention. test role sio:SIO_010431 SIO_010431 A control role is the role of an individual that is part of a study, but is not subject to the intervention that is to be tested. control role sio:SIO_010432 SIO_010432 A ligand is a molecule that is part of a complex by weakly interacting with another molecule. ligand sio:SIO_010433 SIO_010433 A low barrier hydrogen bond is a shorter, stronger hydrogen bond that is formed between both heteroatoms. low barrier hydrogen bond sio:SIO_010434 SIO_010434 A molecular activator is a molecular regulator that realizes its disposition to conformationally change a target molecule and increase its functionality. activator sio:SIO_010435 SIO_010435 A molecular inhibitor is a molecular regulator that realizes its disposition to conformationally change a target molecule and decrease its functionality. inhibitor sio:SIO_010436 SIO_010436 A molecular regulator is a molecule that regulates the function of another chemical entity. molecular regulator sio:SIO_010437 SIO_010437 A signal transducer is a molecule that responds to and amplifies a signal in a signalling system. signal transducer sio:SIO_010438 SIO_010438 A signal is an object that initiates a sequence of events. signal sio:SIO_010439 SIO_010439 A mesenger is a molecule involved in either signal detection or signal propagation from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell, in the cytoplasm or nucleus. messenger sio:SIO_010440 SIO_010440 A second messenger is a molecule that relay signals from receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell, in the cytoplasm or nucleus. second messenger sio:SIO_010441 SIO_010441 A submolecule is any part of a molecule. submolecule sio:SIO_010442 SIO_010442 charge quality is the quality pertaining to electric charge. charge quality sio:SIO_010443 SIO_010443 An intron is a region of a gene that is removed from the final protein open reading frame. intron sio:SIO_010444 SIO_010444 A gene component is a component of a gene. gene component sio:SIO_010445 SIO_010445 An exon is a nucleotide sequence encoded by a gene that remains present within the final mature RNA product of that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. exon sio:SIO_010446 SIO_010446 A gene promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene. gene promoter sio:SIO_010447 SIO_010447 A start codon is the first codon of a messenger RNA (mRNA) transcript translated by a ribosome. The start codon is almost always preceded by an untranslated region 5' UTR. start codon sio:SIO_010448 SIO_010448 A stop codon (or termination codon) is a nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA that signals a termination of translation. stop codon sio:SIO_010450 SIO_010450 An RNA transcript is an RNA molecule that is produced from transcription of a nucleic acid template. RNA transcript sio:SIO_010451 SIO_010451 A splice site is a region required for the excision of an intron and connection to another exon. splice site sio:SIO_010452 SIO_010452 A molecular pocket is a site on a molecule that appears as a depression into the structure. molecular pocket sio:SIO_010453 SIO_010453 An acid is a molecular entity in solution capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid). acid sio:SIO_010454 SIO_010454 A base is a molecular entity dissolved in a solvent that is capable of accepting a proton (Bronsted base) or forming a covalent bond with a hydron (Lewis base) . base sio:SIO_010455 SIO_010455 An isomer is a molecule that is compositionally identical to another molecule as a result of a different atomic connectivity. isomer sio:SIO_010456 SIO_010456 An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. ion sio:SIO_010457 SIO_010457 An anion is an atom or molecule with a net positive electrical charge. cation sio:SIO_010458 SIO_010458 An anion is an atom or molecule with a net negative electrical charge. anion sio:SIO_010459 SIO_010459 A polar solvent is a solvent that exhibits a polar quality. polar solvent sio:SIO_010460 SIO_010460 A non-polar solvent is a solvent that exhibits a non-polar quality. nonpolar solvent sio:SIO_010461 SIO_010461 A positive charge is a charge where the value is positive. positive charge sio:SIO_010462 SIO_010462 A heterogeneous substance is a chemical substance that is composed of more than one different kind of component. heterogeneous substance sio:SIO_010463 SIO_010463 A homogeneous substance is a substance that is composed of a uniform type of entity. homogeneous substance sio:SIO_010464 SIO_010464 A negative charge is a charge where the value is negative. negative charge sio:SIO_010465 SIO_010465 An antibody (also known as immunoglobulins, abbreviated Ig) are gamma globulin proteins that are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects. They are typically made of two large heavy chains and two small light chains. antibody sio:SIO_010468 SIO_010468 An alpha helix is structural region of a protein that is characterized by 3.6 residues per turn, a translation of 1.5 angstroms along the helical axis in which backbone N-H groups form a hydrogen bond to the backbone carboxyl group of the amino acid four residues prior. alpha helix sio:SIO_010469 SIO_010469 A beta strand is structural region of a protein that is characterized by a roughly planar sequence of amino acid residues forming hydrogen bonds between the N-O and the C=O of another part of the peptide and having their side chains perpendicular to the planar axis. beta strand sio:SIO_010471 SIO_010471 An amino acid polymer submolecule is a submolecule of an amino acid polymer. amino acid polymer submolecule sio:SIO_010496 SIO_010496 An ionic interaction is a weak submolecular interaction between a charged submolecules. ionic interaction 2 sio:SIO_010497 SIO_010497 A protein complex is a molecular complex composed of at least two polypeptide chains. protein complex sio:SIO_010498 SIO_010498 A single bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which one pair of electrons are shared. single bond sio:SIO_010499 SIO_010499 A double bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which two pairs of electrons are shared. double bond sio:SIO_010500 SIO_010500 A triple bond is a covalent bond between a pair of atoms in which three pairs of electrons are shared. triple bond sio:SIO_010501 SIO_010501 An aromatic bond is an interaction between a set of atoms across which pairs of electrons are shared. aromatic bond sio:SIO_010502 SIO_010502 A disulfide bond is a bond between two sulfur atoms. disulfide bond sio:SIO_010503 SIO_010503 A dipole-dipole interaction is a weak submolecular interaction between strongly electronegative atoms. dipole-dipole interaction sio:SIO_010504 SIO_010504 van der Waals' interaction is an a weak submolecular interaction between an instantaneous dipole and induced dipole. van der Waals interaction sio:SIO_010505 SIO_010505 A base stack is a stabilizing interaction of DNA and RNA between spatially adjacent nucleotides and possibly involving London dispersion, hydrophobic and electrostatic forces. base stack sio:SIO_010506 SIO_010506 A molecular complex is a chemical complex composed of at least one weakly interacting molecule. molecular complex sio:SIO_010507 SIO_010507 An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. acid-base reaction sio:SIO_010508 SIO_010508 A catalyzed reaction is a chemical reaction that is facilitated by a catalyst. catalyzed reaction sio:SIO_010509 SIO_010509 A redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which there is a net movement of electrons from one reactant to another. redox reaction sio:SIO_010510 SIO_010510 An inorganic reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the transformation of inorganic molecules. inorganic reaction sio:SIO_010511 SIO_010511 A decomposition reaction is an inorganic reaction in which molecule is fragmented into submolecules or atoms. decomposition reaction sio:SIO_010512 SIO_010512 A displacement reaction is an inorganic reaction in which a elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent atom from a molecule. displacement reaction sio:SIO_010513 SIO_010513 A double displacement reaction is a displacement reaction in which two molecules swap ions, effectively displacing each other to form two new molecules. double displacement reaction sio:SIO_010514 SIO_010514 A single displacement reaction where one atom is transferred out of one molecule and into another. single displacement reaction sio:SIO_010515 SIO_010515 A synthesis reaction is an inorganic reaction in which two or more molecules are chemically bonded together to produce a single product. synthesis reaction sio:SIO_010516 SIO_010516 An organic reaction is a chemical reaction involving at least one organic molecule. organic reaction sio:SIO_010517 SIO_010517 An isomerization reaction is a chemical reaction in which a molecule is converted into its isomer. isomerization reaction sio:SIO_010518 SIO_010518 An addition reaction is an organic reaction where two or more molecules combine to form a larger one. Addition reactions are limited to chemical compounds that have multiply-bonded atoms: * Molecules with carbon-carbon double bonds or triple bonds * Molecules with carbon - hetero double bonds like C=O or C=N addition reaction sio:SIO_010519 SIO_010519 A polar addition reaction is an addition reaction involving polar residues. polar addition reaction sio:SIO_010520 SIO_010520 A non-polar addition reaction is an addition reaction involving non-polar residues. non-polar addition reaction sio:SIO_010521 SIO_010521 A free radical addition is a non-polar addition reaction involving free radicals. free radical addition sio:SIO_010522 SIO_010522 A nucleophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction where a pi bond is removed by the creation of two new covalent bonds by the addition from a nucleophile. nucleophilic addition reaction sio:SIO_010523 SIO_010523 An electrophilic addition reaction is a polar addition reaction where a pi bond is removed by the creation of two new covalent bonds. electrophilic addition reaction sio:SIO_010525 SIO_010525 A biochemical pathway specifies a series of biochemical modifications and transformations towards achieving some biological outcome. biochemical pathway sio:SIO_010526 SIO_010526 A chemical reaction pathway specifies a series of chemical reactions towards producing some chemical product. chemical reaction pathway sio:SIO_010527 SIO_010527 A chemical synthesis pathway is a pathway involved in the assembly of a chemical. chemical synthesis pathway sio:SIO_010528 SIO_010528 A chemical degradation pathway is a pathway involved in the disassembly of a chemical. chemical degradation pathway sio:SIO_010530 SIO_010530 A 3D structure model is a representation of the spatial arrangement of one or more chemical entities. 3d structure model sio:SIO_010531 SIO_010531 A sequence profile is provides the preference for a character at each position of an abstracted sequence. sequence profile sio:SIO_010532 SIO_010532 A metabolic pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that begins with one or more substrates and ends with one or more products. metabolic pathway sio:SIO_010533 SIO_010533 A regulatory pathway is a series of biochemical reactions that lead to the increase or decrease of activity of participating molecular components. regulatory pathway sio:SIO_010673 SIO_010673 A medical history is a record of the events of a recipient of medical care. medical history 2 sio:SIO_010674 SIO_010674 A binary compound is a mereological maximum sum of two kinds of weakly connected entities. binary compound sio:SIO_010775 SIO_010775 A stereoisomer is an isomer in which the atomic connectivity is the same, but differs in its spatial arrangement of atoms. stereoisomer sio:SIO_010776 SIO_010776 A diastereomer is a stereoisomer that is not a mirror image of its isomer. diastereomer sio:SIO_010777 SIO_010777 An enantiomer is a stereoisomer that is a mirror image of its isomer. enantiomer sio:SIO_010778 SIO_010778 An optical isomer is a stereoisomer that rotates the plane of polarization of a beam of plane polarized light. optical isomer sio:SIO_010779 SIO_010779 A structural isomer is an isomer in which the atoms are joined together in different ways. structural isomer 3 sio:SIO_010780 SIO_010780 A ring is a submolecule with a circular topology. ring sio:SIO_010781 SIO_010781 An aromatic ring is a ring in which the electrons are delocalized across all atoms in the ring. aromatic ring sio:SIO_010782 SIO_010782 A heterocyclic ring is a ring containing a hetero atom. heterocyclic ring sio:SIO_010783 SIO_010783 A homocyclic ring is a ring where the atoms are of a single type. homocyclic ring 1 1 sio:SIO_010784 SIO_010784 An ionic compound is a mereological maximal sum of weakly connected paired positive and negative ions. ionic compound sio:SIO_010785 SIO_010785 An allotrope is a structural variant of a chemical element. allotrope sio:SIO_010786 SIO_010786 A carbon allotrope is a chemical substance composed of carbon. carbon allotrope sio:SIO_010787 SIO_010787 diamond is a carbon allotrope in which each carbon atom in diamond is covalently bonded to four other carbons in a tetrahedron. These tetrahedrons together form a 3-dimensional network of puckered six-membered rings of atoms. diamond sio:SIO_010788 SIO_010788 graphite is an allotrope of carbon which is a conductor, and is the most stable form of solid carbon. graphite sio:SIO_010789 SIO_010789 fullerene is a carbon allotrope which take the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. fullerene sio:SIO_010790 SIO_010790 aggregate of carbon nanorods is an allotrope of carbon considered to be the least compressible material known, as measured by its isothermal bulk modulus; aggregated diamond nanorods have a modulus of 491 gigapascals (GPa), while a conventional diamond has a modulus of 442 GPa. ADNRs are also 0.3% denser than regular diamond. aggregated carbon nanorods sio:SIO_010791 SIO_010791 amorphous carbon is an allotrope of carbon that does not have any crystalline structure. As with all glassy materials, some short-range order can be observed, but there is no long-range pattern of atomic positions. amorphous carbon sio:SIO_010792 SIO_010792 carbon nanofoam is an allotrope of carbon that consists of a low-density cluster-assembly of carbon atoms strung together in a loose three-dimensional web. Each cluster is about 6 nanometers wide and consists of about 4000 carbon atoms linked in graphite-like sheets that are given negative curvature by the inclusion of heptagons among the regular hexagonal pattern. carbon nanofoam sio:SIO_010793 SIO_010793 chaoite is an allotrope of carbon that is slightly harder than graphite with a reflection colour of grey to white. chaoite sio:SIO_010794 SIO_010794 glassy carbon is an allotrope of carbon which is widely used as an electrode material in electrochemistry, as well as for high temperature crucibles and as a component of some prosthetic devices. glassy carbon sio:SIO_010795 SIO_010795 ionsdaleite is a hexagonal allotrope of the carbon allotrope diamond. ionsdaleite sio:SIO_011000 SIO_011000 boron atom CHEBI:27560 sio:SIO_011001 SIO_011001 carbon atom CHEBI:27594 sio:SIO_011002 SIO_011002 hydrogen atom CHEBI:49637 sio:SIO_011003 SIO_011003 helium atom CHEBI:30217 sio:SIO_011004 SIO_011004 lithium atom CHEBI:30145 sio:SIO_011005 SIO_011005 beryllium atom CHEBI:30501 sio:SIO_011006 SIO_011006 nitrogen atom CHEBI:25555 sio:SIO_011007 SIO_011007 oxygen atom CHEBI:25805 sio:SIO_011008 SIO_011008 fluorine atom CHEBI:24061 sio:SIO_011009 SIO_011009 neon atom CHEBI:33310 sio:SIO_011010 SIO_011010 sodium atom CHEBI:26708 sio:SIO_011011 SIO_011011 magnesium atom CHEBI:25107 sio:SIO_011012 SIO_011012 aluminium atom CHEBI:28984 sio:SIO_011013 SIO_011013 silicon atom CHEBI:27573 sio:SIO_011014 SIO_011014 phosphorus atom CHEBI:28659 sio:SIO_011015 SIO_011015 sulfur atom CHEBI:26833 sio:SIO_011016 SIO_011016 chlorine atom CHEBI:23116 sio:SIO_011017 SIO_011017 argon atom CHEBI:49475 sio:SIO_011018 SIO_011018 potassium atom CHEBI:26216 sio:SIO_011019 SIO_011019 calcium atom CHEBI:22984 sio:SIO_011020 SIO_011020 scandium atom CHEBI:33330 sio:SIO_011021 SIO_011021 titanium atom CHEBI:33341 sio:SIO_011022 SIO_011022 vanadium atom CHEBI:27698 sio:SIO_011023 SIO_011023 chromium atom CHEBI:28073 sio:SIO_011024 SIO_011024 manganese atom CHEBI:18291 sio:SIO_011025 SIO_011025 iron atom CHEBI:18248 sio:SIO_011026 SIO_011026 cobalt atom CHEBI:27638 sio:SIO_011027 SIO_011027 nickel atom CHEBI:28112 sio:SIO_011028 SIO_011028 copper atom CHEBI:28694 sio:SIO_011029 SIO_011029 zinc atom CHEBI:27363 sio:SIO_011030 SIO_011030 gallium atom CHEBI:49631 sio:SIO_011031 SIO_011031 germanium atom CHEBI:30441 sio:SIO_011032 SIO_011032 arsenic atom CHEBI:27563 sio:SIO_011033 SIO_011033 selenium atom CHEBI:27568 sio:SIO_011034 SIO_011034 bromine atom CHEBI:22927 sio:SIO_011035 SIO_011035 krypton atom CHEBI:49696 sio:SIO_011036 SIO_011036 rubidium atom CHEBI:33322 sio:SIO_011037 SIO_011037 strontium atom CHEBI:33324 sio:SIO_011038 SIO_011038 yttrium atom CHEBI:33331 sio:SIO_011039 SIO_011039 zirconium atom CHEBI:33342 sio:SIO_011040 SIO_011040 niobium atom CHEBI:33344 sio:SIO_011041 SIO_011041 molybdemum atom CHEBI:28685 sio:SIO_011042 SIO_011042 technetium atom CHEBI:33353 sio:SIO_011043 SIO_011043 ruthenium atom CHEBI:30682 sio:SIO_011044 SIO_011044 rhodium atom CHEBI:33359 sio:SIO_011045 SIO_011045 palladium atom CHEBI:33363 sio:SIO_011046 SIO_011046 silver atom CHEBI:30512 sio:SIO_011047 SIO_011047 cadmium atom CHEBI:22977 sio:SIO_011048 SIO_011048 indium atom CHEBI:30430 sio:SIO_011049 SIO_011049 tin atom CHEBI:27007 sio:SIO_011050 SIO_011050 antimony atom CHEBI:30513 sio:SIO_011051 SIO_011051 tellurium atom CHEBI:30452 sio:SIO_011052 SIO_011052 iodine atom CHEBI:24859 sio:SIO_011053 SIO_011053 xenon atom CHEBI:49957 sio:SIO_011054 SIO_011054 caesium atom CHEBI:30514 sio:SIO_011055 SIO_011055 barium atom CHEBI:32594 sio:SIO_011056 SIO_011056 lanthanum atom CHEBI:33336 sio:SIO_011057 SIO_011057 hafnium atom CHEBI:33343 sio:SIO_011058 SIO_011058 tantalum atom CHEBI:33348 sio:SIO_011059 SIO_011059 tungsten atom CHEBI:27998 sio:SIO_011060 SIO_011060 rhenium atom CHEBI:49882 sio:SIO_011061 SIO_011061 osmium atom CHEBI:30687 sio:SIO_011062 SIO_011062 iridium atom CHEBI:49666 sio:SIO_011063 SIO_011063 platinum atom CHEBI:33364 sio:SIO_011064 SIO_011064 gold atom CHEBI:29287 sio:SIO_011065 SIO_011065 mercury atom CHEBI:25195 sio:SIO_011066 SIO_011066 thallium atom CHEBI:49920 sio:SIO_011067 SIO_011067 lead atom CHEBI:25016 sio:SIO_011068 SIO_011068 bismuth atom CHEBI:33301 sio:SIO_011069 SIO_011069 polonium atom CHEBI:33313 sio:SIO_011070 SIO_011070 astatine atom CHEBI:30415 sio:SIO_011071 SIO_011071 radon atom CHEBI:33314 sio:SIO_011072 SIO_011072 francium atom CHEBI:33323 sio:SIO_011073 SIO_011073 radium atom CHEBI:33325 sio:SIO_011074 SIO_011074 actinium atom CHEBI:33337 sio:SIO_011075 SIO_011075 rutherfordium atom CHEBI:33346 sio:SIO_011076 SIO_011076 dubnium atom CHEBI:33349 sio:SIO_011077 SIO_011077 seaborgium atom CHEBI:33351 sio:SIO_011078 SIO_011078 bohrium atom CHEBI:33355 sio:SIO_011079 SIO_011079 hassium atom CHEBI:33357 sio:SIO_011080 SIO_011080 meitnerium atom CHEBI:33361 sio:SIO_011081 SIO_011081 darmstadtium atom CHEBI:33367 sio:SIO_011082 SIO_011082 roentgenium atom CHEBI:33368 sio:SIO_011083 SIO_011083 copernicium atom CHEBI:33517 sio:SIO_011084 SIO_011084 unutrium atom sio:SIO_011085 SIO_011085 ununquadium atom sio:SIO_011086 SIO_011086 ununpentium atom sio:SIO_011087 SIO_011087 ununhexium atom sio:SIO_011088 SIO_011088 ununseptium atom sio:SIO_011089 SIO_011089 ununoctium atom sio:SIO_011090 SIO_011090 cerium atom CHEBI:33369 sio:SIO_011091 SIO_011091 praseodymium atom CHEBI:49828 sio:SIO_011092 SIO_011092 neodymium atom CHEBI:33372 sio:SIO_011093 SIO_011093 promethium atom CHEBI:33373 sio:SIO_011094 SIO_011094 samarium atom CHEBI:33374 sio:SIO_011095 SIO_011095 europium atom CHEBI:32999 sio:SIO_011096 SIO_011096 gadolinium atom CHEBI:33375 sio:SIO_011097 SIO_011097 terbium atom CHEBI:33376 sio:SIO_011098 SIO_011098 dysprosium atom CHEBI:33377 sio:SIO_011099 SIO_011099 holmium atom CHEBI:49648 sio:SIO_011100 SIO_011100 erbium atom CHEBI:33379 sio:SIO_011101 SIO_011101 thulium atom CHEBI:33380 sio:SIO_011102 SIO_011102 ytterbium atom CHEBI:33381 sio:SIO_011103 SIO_011103 lutetium atom CHEBI:33382 sio:SIO_011104 SIO_011104 thorium atom CHEBI:33385 sio:SIO_011105 SIO_011105 protactinium atom CHEBI:33386 sio:SIO_011106 SIO_011106 uranium atom CHEBI:27214 sio:SIO_011107 SIO_011107 neptunium atom CHEBI:33387 sio:SIO_011108 SIO_011108 plutonium atom CHEBI:33388 sio:SIO_011109 SIO_011109 americium atom CHEBI:33389 sio:SIO_011110 SIO_011110 curium atom CHEBI:33390 sio:SIO_011111 SIO_011111 berkelium atom CHEBI:33391 sio:SIO_011112 SIO_011112 californium atom CHEBI:33392 sio:SIO_011113 SIO_011113 einsteinium atom CHEBI:33393 sio:SIO_011114 SIO_011114 fermium atom CHEBI:33394 sio:SIO_011115 SIO_011115 mendelevium atom CHEBI:33395 sio:SIO_011116 SIO_011116 nobelium atom CHEBI:33396 sio:SIO_011117 SIO_011117 lawrencium atom CHEBI:33397 2 sio:SIO_011118 SIO_011118 A covalent bond is a strong submolecular interaction between atoms. covalent bond CHEMINF:000063 sio:SIO_011119 SIO_011119 A biomolecular structure descriptor is structure description for organic compounds. biomolecular structure descriptor sio:SIO_011120 SIO_011120 A molecular structure file is a file that contains a description of molecular structure. molecular structure file sio:SIO_011121 SIO_011121 molecular structure descriptor is data that describes some aspect of the molecular structure (composition) and is about some chemical entity. molecular structure descriptor CHEMINF:000085 sio:SIO_011123 SIO_011123 A chemical datum is a scientific data item which conforms to some specification, either for how it is calculated or for how it is measured, and is commonly used in the domain of chemistry to name and differentiate different numeric properties (both calculated and measured) which are about chemical entities. chemical data CHEMINF:000123 sio:SIO_011125 SIO_011125 A molecule is a single chemical entity composed of fully covalently bonded atoms. molecule CHEBI:23367 sio:SIO_011126 SIO_011126 mixture A chemical substance is a chemical entity composed of two or more weakly (non-covalently) interacting chemical entities. chemical substance CHEMINF:440533 sio:SIO_011130 SIO_011130 A PDB file is a molecular structure file specified by the Protein DataBank (PDB). PDB file sio:SIO_011131 SIO_011131 A collection of 3D molecular structure models is just that. collection of 3d molecular structure models Tissue teamwork:Vocabulary CAO_00001 Cognitive Entity CAO_00101 Corey White 2011-08-10 20:41:26 Abductive reasoning The process of adopting an explanatory hypothesis; inferring the cause A as a possible explanation for the consequence B CAO_00102 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:36:11 Abstract analogy high-level analogy that retains general information relevant to many specific instances CAO_00103 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:36:29 Abstract knowledge Knowledge that is general and not tied to a specific instance. CAO_00104 Corey White 2011-08-10 20:52:52 Acoustic coding a type of short term memory coding that represents the acoustic properties of the signal CAO_00105 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:36:53 Acoustic encoding the processing and encoding of auditory input for storage and later retrieval. CAO_00106 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:37:10 Acoustic phonetic processing the cognitive ability to discriminate items on the basis of contrasts in sonorance, manner, place, or voicing in auditory stimuli. CAO_00107 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:37:24 Acoustic processing the extraction of information from signals propagated undersea, in the atmosphere, or in the solid earth in the presence of acoustic noise. CAO_00108 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:39:58 Action the bringing about of an alteration by force or through a natural agency; expression by means of attitude, voice, and gesture; a function of the body or one of its parts; an act of will; a thing done; the accomplishment of a thing usually over a period of time, in stages, or with the possibility of repetition. CAO_00109 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:41:03 Activation the relative engagement of a particular mental representation compared to other representations CAO_00110 Corey White 2011-08-11 15:26:14 Activation level quantity or amount of activation CAO_00111 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:43:33 Adaptation adjustment to environmental conditions; adjustment of a sense organ to the intensity or quality of stimulation; modification of an organism or its parts that makes it more fit for existence under the conditions of its environment. CAO_00112 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:46:12 Adaptive control modifying the control law used by a controller to cope with the fact that the parameters of the system being controlled are slowly time-varying or uncertain. CAO_00113 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 20:12:11 Affect perception The ability to understand a facial, vocal, or gestural behavior that serves as an indicator of emotion. CAO_00114 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:46:31 Affect recognition The ability to understand a physical expression that serves as an indicator of emotion. CAO_00115 Michael Sharman 2012-05-03 19:21:30 Altruism selflessness helping others in the absence of an immediately obvious reward. CAO_00116 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:46:51 Altruistic motivation A desire or need to help others driven by selflessness. CAO_00117 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:47:21 Alveolar speech sound articulated with the tip of the tongue touching or near the teethridge. CAO_00118 Corey White 2011-08-11 19:18:12 Amodal representation The way the brain codes multiple inputs such as words and pictures to integrate and create a larger conceptual idea; independent of a particular modality CAO_00119 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:34:10 Analog representation a value or variable in analog form. CAO_00120 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 21:19:23 Analogical encoding the structural comparison of a familiar with a novel situation CAO_00121 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 17:44:14 Analogical inference is the ability to reason by permitting the extension of knowledge of a target domain by virtue of its similarity to a base domain. The general procedure for analogical inference involves copying structure from the base to the target in which missing information is generated, and substitutions are made for items for which analogical correspondences have already been found. CAO_00122 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:48:34 Analogical problem solving using principles or concepts from a well-understood situation to solve problems in a new domain or area CAO_00123 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:32:06 Analogical reasoning a method of processing information that compares the similarities between new and understood concepts, then uses those similarities to gain understanding of the new concept; a form of inductive reasoning. CAO_00124 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:48:50 Analogical transfer The transfer of knowledge from one situation to another by finding a set of one-to-one correspondences between aspects of one body of information and aspects of another. CAO_00125 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 22:01:10 Analogy inference that if two or more things agree with one another in some respects they will probably agree in others; resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike; correspondence between the members of pairs or sets of linguistic forms that serves as a basis for the creation of another form; correspondence in function between anatomical parts of different structure and origin. CAO_00126 Russ Poldrack 2011-04-09 15:03:06 Anchoring a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily, or and#34;anchor,and#34; on one trait or piece of information when making decisions. CAO_00127 Michael Sharman 2012-02-22 16:10:30 Anticipation foreknowledge foresight imaginative speculation intuition prediction prescience prior expectation of an event or occurrence, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction CAO_00128 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:53:06 Apparent motion apparent movement The illusory perception that movement is occurring in one or more static images. CAO_00129 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 16:47:09 Apperception the process by which new experience is assimilated to and transformed by the residuum of past experience of an individual to form a new whole. CAO_00130 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:53:31 Appetitive motivation behavior directed toward goals that are usually associated with positive hedonic processes. CAO_00131 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:54:29 Arousal physiological activation or readiness for activity CAO_00132 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:54:59 Articulation the act of vocally producing an utterance or expression CAO_00133 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 19:48:34 Articulatory planning The action of coordinating complex tongue and mouth movements in order to produce sound. CAO_00134 Natalie Picchetti 2011-01-01 7:34:14 Articulatory rehearsal the process of subvocally repeating material that is to be stored in memory. CAO_00135 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 18:00:43 Assimilation the process of receiving new facts or of responding to new situations in conformity with what is already available to consciousness. CAO_00136 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:55:56 Association the process of forming mental connections or bonds between sensations, ideas, or memories. CAO_00137 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:56:11 Association learning learning process in which two or more items or concepts become associated with each other; often used in relation to learned stimulus-response associations CAO_00138 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:56:43 Attachment a social connection between individuals CAO_00139 Corey White 2011-08-15 14:58:43 Attended channel the particular input, out of two or more, that is consciously perceived due to attention. CAO_00140 Corey White 2011-08-15 15:04:46 Attended stimulus the specific object in the environment on which attention is focused. CAO_00141 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-27 18:23:07 Attention used to describe any number of cognitive processes, organized as top-down or bottom-up, goal-directed or stimulus-driven, and more, but generally reflecting an interplay between cognitive and sensory systems. CAO_00142 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:58:18 Attention capacity refers to the extent that one can allocate their processing resources. CAO_00143 Kristina Visscher 2013-03-22 16:31:53 Attentional effort a motivated activation of attention systems in order to stabilize or recover attentional performance in response to the detection of errors and reward loss or, more generally, deteriorating attentional performance; amount of attentional resources needed for a particular situation; engagement of attentional resources CAO_00144 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:59:24 Attentional resources amount of available attentional capacity CAO_00145 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:59:35 Attentional state referring to amount of attentional resources being engaged; a relaxed attentional state requires little attentional effort, whereas an alert, focused attentional state requires more CAO_00146 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:00:01 Attitude a mental position with regard to a fact or state CAO_00147 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-01 19:44:06 Audiovisual perception a single unified awareness derived from the integration of auditory and visual sensory processes when a audiovisual stimulus is present. CAO_00148 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:20:29 Audition auditory the sense or act of hearing. CAO_00149 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:22:16 Auditory attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one auditory stream in the environment while ignoring others. CAO_00150 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:16:40 Auditory coding processing and encoding of sound, words, and all other auditory input for storage and later retrieval. According to Baddeley, processing of auditory information is aided by the concept of the phonological loop, which allows input within our echoic memory. CAO_00151 Natalie Picchetti 2011-01-01 7:48:05 Auditory encoding the process of storing auditory information in memory. CAO_00152 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:55:30 Auditory feedback is provided by auditory stimulation in response to specific behavior. The feedback may be used to amend subsequent behavior, cognition, perception or performance. CAO_00153 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:23:16 Auditory grouping joining disparate sounds together into one percept; assessing which acoustic streams belong together CAO_00154 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:25:21 Auditory imagery the subjective experience of hearing in the absence of auditory stimulation. CAO_00155 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:23:55 Auditory learning learning of auditorily presented information CAO_00156 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:17:49 Auditory lexical access The process by which the basic sound-meaning connections of language, i.e., lexical entries, are activated. CAO_00157 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:24:09 Auditory localization a listenerand#39;s ability to identify the location or origin of a detected sound. CAO_00158 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:24:20 Auditory masking the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; presenting a sound to interfere with or terminate a target sound CAO_00159 Natalie Picchetti 2011-02-25 20:25:42 Auditory memory the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to sound. CAO_00160 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 17:01:32 Auditory perception The ability to identify, interpret, and attach meaning to sound. CAO_00161 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 19:50:14 Auditory scene auditory scene analysis is the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements. CAO_00162 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:51:12 Auditory scene analysis the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements. CAO_00163 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:30:43 Auditory sentence comprehension ability to combine auditory words into a meaningful sentence unit. CAO_00164 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:24:48 Auditory stream segregation the perceptual grouping of sounds to form coherent representations of objects in the acoustic scene; a fundamental aspect of hearing and speech perception. CAO_00165 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:30:19 Auditory word comprehension ability to parse acoustic signals into meaningful words CAO_00166 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:30:32 Auditory word recognition ability to recognize acoustically presented words CAO_00167 Russ Poldrack 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Auditory working memory Working memory for auditory information CAO_00168 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 17:59:03 Autobiographical memory a memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual’s life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. CAO_00169 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:45:14 Autobiographical recall episodes recollected from an individual’s life, based on a combination of episodic (personal experiences and specific objects, people and events experienced at particular time and place) and semantic (general knowledge and facts about the world) memory. CAO_00170 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:25:43 Automaticity behavior performed without intention CAO_00171 Emily Barkley-Levenson 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Availability heuristic A heuristic in which people predict the frequency of classes or the probability of events based on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind. CAO_00172 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:54:48 Aversive learning behavior modification using an adverse stimulus in response to the inappropriate or undesirable behavior. CAO_00173 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:26:22 Backward chaining an inference method used in automated theorem provers, proof assistants and other artificial intelligence applications. Backward chaining starts with a list of goals (or a hypothesis) and works backwards from the consequent to the antecedent to see if there is data available that will support any of these consequents. CAO_00174 Russ Poldrack 2010-01-10 23:29:10 Behavioral inhibition Disambiguation CAO_00175 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-11 23:16:54 Belief a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some being or phenomenon especially when based on examination of evidence. CAO_00176 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:11:26 Binocular convergence when you look at an object that is closer than approximately 25 feet, your eyes must converge on the object to perceive it as a single object clearly in focus.and#34; CAO_00177 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 23:15:38 Binocular disparity the difference in image location of an object seen by the left and right eyes, resulting from the eyesand#39; horizontal separation. The brain uses binocular disparity to extract depth information from the two-dimensional retinal images in stereopsis. CAO_00178 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:27:09 Binocular vision is vision in which both eyes are used together. Having two eyes confers at least four advantages over having one. First, it gives a creature a spare eye in case one is damaged. Second, it gives a wider field of view. Third, it gives binocular summation in which the ability to detect faint objects is enhanced. Fourth it can give stereopsis in which parallax provided by the two eyesand#39; different positions on the head give precise depth perception. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or binocular fusion, in which a single image is seen despite each eyeand#39;s having its own image of any object. Other phenomena of binocular vision include utrocular discrimination, eye dominance, allelotropia, and binocular rivalry. CAO_00179 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:27:23 Bitterness being or inducing the one of the four basic taste sensations that is peculiarly acrid, astringent, or disagreeable; marked by intensity or severity; marked by cynicism and rancor; intensely unpleasant especially in coldness or rawness; expressive of severe pain, grief, or regret. CAO_00180 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 22:12:21 Body orientation perception of the orientation of the body overall relative to other objects in the environment CAO_00181 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:30:42 Capacity limitation a limitation on the capacity to process information CAO_00182 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 18:07:36 Case based reasoning the process of solving new problems based on the solutions of similar past problems. CAO_00183 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:31:34 Categorical clustering the clustering of recalled items based on category membership CAO_00184 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 21:47:37 Categorical knowledge knowledge about different attributes and uses of an object that allows it to be placed in a group of objects with similar attributes and uses. CAO_00185 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:33:18 Categorical perception A form of perception in which the individual perceives a categorical distinction rather than a continuous scale of a varying perceptual feature. CAO_00186 Russ Poldrack 2015-05-20 21:57:23 Categorization The assignment of a stimulus to one of a set of categories CAO_00187 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:34:02 Category based induction requires that information about one set of categories is used to infer something about another category. A set of premises establishes that one or more categories possess a certain property. The premises are followed by an assertion (the conclusion) that a target category also possesses that property. CAO_00188 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-01 19:52:11 Category learning is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features. CAO_00189 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:34:36 Causal inference The process of inferring that one state-object-event causes the occurrence of another state-object-event. CAO_00190 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 19:33:38 Central attention is the cognitive process that allows one to focus on the most important and relevant train of thought that needs to be attended to in a specific situation. CAO_00191 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 22:59:42 Centration the tendency to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others. CAO_00192 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:36:36 Chemonociception perception of stimulation by noxious chemical agents CAO_00193 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:19:59 Chromatic contrast When a small patch is surrounded by a color field, the patch appears to be tinted in the opponent color of the surrounding field. CAO_00194 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-11-25 16:30:30 Chunk Structure in memory that is used as a unit of knowledge representation. Also refers to the process of learning by which these units are acquired. CAO_00195 Herbert Maier 2011-11-16 17:13:26 Chunking The process of recoding information by splitting or reorganizing it into smaller parts. Actually: combining several smaller items into a larger and#34;groupand#34; item, i.e.: 3 separate and#34;incoming aircraftand#34; considered as and#34;3 incoming aircraftand#34;. Significantly reduces the working memory space used. Likely concept model for computer programming data-forms that list pointers to numerous specific data. Larger classes of concepts include: Learning and Memory, Attention, Action (Planning), Executive Control. CAO_00196 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:24:11 Cognitive development the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. CAO_00197 Angela Rizk-Jackson 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Cognitive dissonance The mental state in which a person holds multiple conflicting ideas simultaneously CAO_00198 Kristina Visscher 2013-03-22 18:34:46 Cognitive effort mental effort Consciously or intentionally engaging cognitive resources in order to achieve a particular end. CAO_00199 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:38:39 Cognitive heuristic are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases. CAO_00200 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 22:59:28 Cognitive load cognitive effort processing capacity The amount of demand placed on working memory, typically expressed along some continuum and within a theoretical maximum. CAO_00201 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 20:24:24 Cognitive map a type of mental processing composed of a series of psychological transformations by which an individual can acquire, code, store, recall, and decode information about the relative locations and attributes of phenomena in their everyday or metaphorical spatial environment. CAO_00202 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Color perception The process of distinguishing objects based on the wavelengths of the light they reflect or emit. CAO_00203 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:39:11 Communication a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior. CAO_00204 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:10:19 Competition the act or process of competing; active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply; a contest between rivals. CAO_00205 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:19:59 Concept a cognitive unit of meaning—an abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a and#34;unit of knowledge,and#34; built from other units which act as a conceptand#39;s characteristics. CAO_00206 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 17:51:41 Concept learning Concept learning, also known as category learning and concept attainment, is largely based on the works of the cognitive psychologist Jerome Bruner. Bruner, Goodnow, andamp; Austin (1967) defined concept attainment (or concept learning) as and#34;the search for and listing of attributes that can be used to distinguish exemplars from non exemplars of various categories.and#34; More simply put, concepts are the mental categories that help us classify objects, events, or ideas and each object, event, or idea has a set of common relevant features. Thus, concept learning is a strategy which requires a learner to compare and contrast groups or categories that contain concept-relevant features with groups or categories that do not contain concept-relevant features. CAO_00207 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-27 18:16:53 Conceptual category a way of organizing information, generally derived from experience; they can be part of a hierarchy, as in a taxonomy, or without, as in an alphabet. CAO_00208 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 17:57:31 Conceptual coherence combining a set concepts to make sense of a situation or set of situations. CAO_00209 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 18:29:27 Conceptual planning in linguistics, a flexible process of preparation pertaining to grammatical structure of clauses, occurring both before and during production thereof CAO_00210 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 19:01:00 Conceptual skill is the ability to form concepts about abstract and complex ideas such as communication, language, time, and money, for example. CAO_00211 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:46:23 Conceptualization to form a concept of; to interpret. CAO_00212 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:40:31 Conditional reasoning the reasoner must draw a conclusion based on a conditional, or “if…then,” proposition. CAO_00213 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:55:59 Conflict detection arises in the presence of concurrently active, mutually exclusive representations CAO_00214 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:41:04 Conjunction search the process of searching for a target that is not defined by any single unique visual feature, but by a combination of two or more features. CAO_00215 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:41:22 Connotation the suggesting of a meaning by a word apart from the thing it explicitly names or describes; something suggested by a word or thing; the signification of something; an essential property or group of properties of a thing named by a term in logic. CAO_00216 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-30 5:05:11 Consciousness awareness the quality or state of being aware especially of something within oneself; the state or fact of being conscious of an external object, state, or fact; the state of being characterized by sensation, emotion, volition, and thought; the totality of conscious states of an individual; the normal state of conscious life,(regained consciousness); the upper level of mental life of which the person is aware as contrasted with unconscious processes. CAO_00217 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:44:18 Constancy steadfastness of mind under duress; a state of being constant or unchanging. CAO_00218 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:50:40 Constituent structure is an analysis, often in the form of a schematic representation, of the constituents of a construction, such as a sentence. CAO_00219 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Context A set of interrelated conditions in which something exists or occurs (e.g., a style of language in a particular passage, activity of a given regions given sensory input). CAO_00220 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 17:34:42 Context dependent is a class of memory that refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same. CAO_00221 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-19 20:17:32 Context memory refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are similar. CAO_00222 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:25:15 Contextual knowledge information, and-or skills that have particular meaning because of the conditions that form part of their description. CAO_00223 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:44:04 Contingency learning Learning of the contingencies between different events CAO_00224 System Administrator 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Contrastive stress No definition submitted yet CAO_00225 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:34:31 Conventionality the quality, fact, or condition of being conventional; conventional behavior or act; a conventional form, usage, or rule. CAO_00226 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:53:49 Convergent thinking analytical, usually deductive, thinking in which ideas are examined for their logical validity or in which a set of rules is followed. CAO_00227 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:44:32 Conversation An exchange of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas. CAO_00228 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-23 15:01:14 Conversational skill Ability to engage in appropriate communication of sentiments, observations, opinions, or ideas through dialogue. CAO_00229 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:44:44 Conversational speech is interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. Interactivity occurs because contributions to a conversation are response reactions to what has previously been said. Spontaneity occurs because a conversation must proceed, to some extent, and in some way, unpredictably. CAO_00230 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 19:03:26 Conversational structure is the organization of interactive, more-or-less spontaneous, communication between two or more conversants. CAO_00231 Natalie Picchetti 2011-05-18 23:03:47 Coordination is the act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect. CAO_00232 System Administrator 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Coproduction No definition submitted yet CAO_00233 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:13:10 Coreference a relationship between two words or phrases in which both refer to the same person or thing and one stands as a linguistic antecedent of the other. CAO_00234 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:16:37 Creative cognition involves two types of processes: generative processes and exploratory processes. Generative processes are those that most of us think about when we think of creativity. They are the processes by which creative concepts are first born. These processes are highly visible in extreme acts of creativity, but they are also evident in ordinary, everyday cognition. Examples (from Ward et al.(cited below)) include memory retrieval, association formation among information retrieved from memory, combinations of structures retrieved from memory, the synthesis of new structures, the transformation of retrieved structures into and#34;new forms,and#34; analogical transfer between domains, and and#34;categorical reduction,and#34; which involves reducing existing structures to and#34;more primitive constituentsand#34;. Exploratory processes are the processes used to explore the structures produced by generative processes. Examples of exploratory processes (given by Ward, et al.) include searching retrieved structures for and#34;novel attributes,and#34; searching for and#34;metaphorical implications,and#34; searching for possible functions, and#34;the evaluation of structures from different perspectives or within different contexts,and#34; interpretation of structures from the perspective of the problem(s) to be solved, and and#34;the search for various practical or conceptual limitations that are suggested by the structures.and#34; CAO_00235 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:45:09 Creative problem solving the mental process of independently creating a solution to a problem without learned assistance. CAO_00236 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:17:09 Creative thinking the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, analyzing, synthesizing, and-or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action (Scriven andamp; Paul, 1992). CAO_00237 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 18:59:08 Critical period a limited time in which an event can occur, usually to result in some kind of transformation; in developmental psychology and developmental biology, it is a time in the early stages of an organismand#39;s life during which it displays a heightened sensitivity to certain environmental stimuli, and develops in particular ways due to experiences at this time. CAO_00238 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:46:09 Crosstalk interference by information presented via multiple channels CAO_00239 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:46:29 Crystallized intelligence the ability to utilize previously acquired knowledge and experience. CAO_00240 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 19:12:42 Cue dependent forgetting is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded. CAO_00241 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:47:00 Cue validity the conditional probability that an object falls in a particular category given a particular feature or cue. CAO_00242 Brenda Gregory 2010-04-29 20:10:21 Cueing to give-present a stimulus that prompts a reaction. CAO_00243 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:47:24 Dative shift a grammatical process by which an oblique argument of a verb, usually one functioning as a recipient or a benefactive (roles often expressed by datives), is placed in the same grammatical role as a patient, increasing the valency of the verb and forming a clause with two objects. CAO_00244 Tyler Davis 2011-08-10 19:00:42 Decay of activation An explanation for why spreading activation, in network-based models of knowledge representation, peters out as a function of the distance between nodes. CAO_00245 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:47:39 Deception an act to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission). CAO_00246 Russ Poldrack 2015-05-20 21:39:02 Decision making The deliberate selection of a single alternative amongst multiple alternatives. CAO_00247 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Declarative knowledge Knowledge that is descriptive and includes knowing and#34;thatand#34; rather than knowing and#34;howand#34; (can be expressed in declarative sentences). CAO_00248 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:48:17 Declarative memory Memory for facts, and that can be intentionally articulated in some manner. CAO_00249 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 21:57:11 Declarative rule A criterion for which one possesses declarative knowledge. Contrasts with an implicit or non-declarative rule, which one might follow but not represent as a rule or even be aware that they are following. CAO_00250 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 21:59:42 Deductive inference A type of inference in which the conclusion always follows from the stated premises.If the premises are true, then the conclusion is valid. CAO_00251 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:54:01 Deductive reasoning is reasoning which constructs or evaluates deductive arguments. Deductive arguments are attempts to show that a conclusion necessarily follows from a set of premises or hypotheses. CAO_00252 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:22:06 Deep processing Evaluating a piece of information in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics. CAO_00253 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:48:58 Deep structure The essential meaning of a sentence, without regard to the grammatical features (surface structure) of the sentence that are needed to express it in words. CAO_00254 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 18:15:44 Depth cue Depth perception arises from a variety of depth cues. These are typically classified into binocular cues that require input from both eyes and monocular cues that require the input from just one eye. Binocular cues include stereopsis, yielding depth from binocular vision through exploitation of parallax. Monocular cues include size: distant objects subtend smaller visual angles than near objects. A third class of cues requires synthetic integration of binocular and monocular cues. CAO_00255 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Depth perception Ability to perceive the visual world in three dimensions. CAO_00256 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:49:23 Desire to long or hope for, exhibit or feel desire for; to express a wish for. CAO_00257 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:09:51 Diphthong a gliding monosyllabic speech sound (as the vowel combination at the end of toy) that starts at or near the articulatory position for one vowel and moves to or toward the position of another. CAO_00258 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:33:28 Dispositions Tendency to act in a particular manner given a certain set of antecedents. CAO_00259 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:51:06 Distraction Any event that interrupts a mental process. CAO_00260 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:41:30 Distributed coding A type of coding in which the information that constitutes a concept (or mental representation) is spread amongst a number of constituent representations. CAO_00261 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:51:20 Divergent thinking a thought process or method used to generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. CAO_00262 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:51:33 Divided attention A state in which the focus of attention is spread across more than one object or event. CAO_00263 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:58:26 Dream a succession of thoughts, images, sounds or emotions which the mind experiences during sleep. CAO_00264 Kristina Visscher 2013-03-22 16:35:47 Efficiency effective operation as measured by a comparison of production with cost (as in energy, time, money, or cortical activity) CAO_00265 Kristina Visscher 2013-03-22 18:34:21 Effort Consciously or intentionally engaging resources in order to achieve a particular end. CAO_00266 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 18:03:59 Effortful processing learning or storing (encoding) that requires attention and effort. CAO_00267 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:52:33 Egocentric A frame of reference centered around the self. In perception, a first-person frame of reference. CAO_00268 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:54:00 Elaborative processing Processing in which semantic associations or relations between words-concepts are generated or elaborated on. CAO_00269 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:54:40 Emotion a complex of psychological phenomena that involve some degree of arousal and valence (positive-negative) CAO_00270 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:04:41 Emotional decision making The use of affective information as information in a decision making process or as a basis for making a decision. Hot cognition. CAO_00271 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:55:25 Emotional expression observable verbal and nonverbal behavior that communicates emotion with or without self-awareness. CAO_00272 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:55:36 Emotional intelligence the capacity, skill or ability to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of oneand#39;s self, of others, and of groups. CAO_00273 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 17:48:40 Emotional memory Emotional memory is the storage and recall of events and details that are couple with the physiological response that was present when the event occurred. CAO_00274 Natalie Picchetti 2011-03-31 20:36:52 Emotional mimicry is the ability of a person to imitate, copy, and experience the physical and emotional characteristics of another persons emotion. CAO_00275 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-20 21:28:11 Emotional suppression A process to reduce or inhibit the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior. CAO_00276 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:13:57 Episodic learning a change in behavior that occurs as a result of an event; episodic learning is so named because events are recorded into episodic memory. CAO_00277 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:13:22 Episodic memory memory of autobiographical events (times, places, associated emotions, and other contextual knowledge) that can be explicitly stated. CAO_00278 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:11:53 Error detection Processes that identify when an error has been made. CAO_00279 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:37:01 Error signal An event following error detection, in which a sign is relayed notifying the advent of an error. CAO_00280 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:53:02 Error trapping procedures that detect and correct errors before the errors cause further confusion. CAO_00281 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:49:58 Excitation a state of increased emotional arousal CAO_00282 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:51:15 Expertise Having a highly cultivated level of skill in a particular domain. Occurs after prolonged experience in a domain. CAO_00283 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:42:15 Explicit knowledge Knowledge that can be articulated or expressed intentionally. CAO_00284 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Explicit learning Acquisition of skills and-or knowledge actively and with awareness. Typically such learning is accompanied by meta-awareness - individuals can explain how they acquired the skill-knowledge. CAO_00285 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:18:53 Explicit memory the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information. CAO_00286 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-03 20:55:27 Extrinsic motivation motivated by external factors, as opposed to the internal drivers of intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation drives one to do things for tangible rewards or pressures. CAO_00287 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:44:43 Face perception The processes by which faces are identified as such. CAO_00288 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:46:04 Face recognition The process of determining whether a face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered. CAO_00289 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:56:58 Facial expression Movements and positions of the facial muscles that can be used as a form of nonverbal communication, particularly in conveying emotional states. CAO_00290 Russ Poldrack 2011-04-09 15:15:38 False memory a memory that refers to an event that did not actually occur CAO_00291 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:57:35 Feature extraction Processes by which relevant aspects of a data stream are separated from irrelevant aspects. CAO_00292 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-30 3:44:02 Feedback processing feedback Evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process delivered to the original or controlling source, often with the intent of modifying future actions. CAO_00293 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 20:28:26 Filtering a device or process that removes from a signal some unwanted component or feature. CAO_00294 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 0:14:56 Fixation Maintaining gaze or attention on some object or event. (Experimental design) A trial period in which a participant is instructed to direct attention toward a visual stimulus (often a cross). CAO_00295 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:43:33 Fixed action patterns an instinctive behavioral sequence that is indivisible and runs to completion. CAO_00296 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:59:36 Fluid intelligence a factor of general intelligence originally identified by Raymond Cattell; Cattell defined fluid intelligence as and#34;…the ability to perceive relationships independent of previous specific practice or instruction concerning those relationships.and#34; Fluid intelligence is the ability to think and reason abstractly and solve problems. This ability is considered independent of learning, experience, and education. CAO_00297 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 0:16:17 Focus The center of attention or concentration. CAO_00298 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 18:01:09 Focused attention the ability to respond discretely to specific visual, auditory or tactile stimuli. CAO_00299 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:16:53 Form perception the sensory discrimination of a pattern, shape or outline. CAO_00300 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:00:29 Functional fixedness a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. CAO_00301 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 16:46:09 Gaze The act of fixating the eyes onto a location. CAO_00302 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 16:52:59 Generalization The act of transferring knowledge learned from one event to a novel event that is similar in some respect. CAO_00303 Ricardo Sanz 2011-03-15 21:04:58 Generic knowledge Generic knowledge is knowledge that is applicable not just to a single entity but to a class of entities. CAO_00304 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:00:57 Gestalt a collection of physical, biological, psychological or symbolic entities that creates a unified concept, configuration or pattern which is greater than the sum of its parts (of a character, personality, or being). CAO_00305 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:01:34 Goal The desired end-point of behavior(s). CAO_00306 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:01:09 Goal formation The processes that create and maintain representations of goal states. CAO_00307 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-14 18:46:12 Goal maintenance The maintenance of information regarding task goals in working memory. CAO_00308 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:01:22 Goal management consists of the process of recognizing or inferring goals, abandoning no longer relevant goals, identifying and resolving conflicts among goals, and prioritizing goals consistently for optimal success. CAO_00309 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:01:45 Goal state A point reached when goal directed behavior has successfully concluded. CAO_00310 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 17:06:15 Gustatory learning The formation of a knowledge representation that contains information about gustatory percepts. CAO_00311 Natalie Picchetti 2011-02-25 17:42:35 Gustatory memory the cognitive capacity of storing and retrieving information related to taste. CAO_00312 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 17:08:25 Gustatory perception The processes involved with representing gustatory sensations as such. CAO_00313 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Habit An acquired pattern of behavior that often occurs automatically and is reliably triggered by some event or stimulus. CAO_00314 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:50:34 Habit learning The process of acquiring a habit CAO_00315 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:51:14 Habit memory the memory representation of a learned habit, generally thought to be represented as a stimulus-response association CAO_00316 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:33:17 Hallucination in the broadest sense of the word, is a perception in the absence of a stimulus. In a stricter sense, hallucinations are defined as perceptions in a conscious and awake state in the absence of external stimuli which have qualities of real perception, in that they are vivid, substantial, and located in external objective space. CAO_00317 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:19:27 Hedonism a school which argues that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, often used as a justification for evaluating actions in terms of how much pleasure and how little pain (i.e. suffering) they produce. CAO_00318 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:52:13 Heuristic search refers to experience-based techniques for problem solving, learning, and discovery. Heuristic methods are used to speed up the process of finding a good enough solution, where an exhaustive search is impractical. Examples of this method include using a and#34;rule of thumband#34;, an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. In more precise terms, heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, though loosely applicable, information to control problem solving in human beings and machines CAO_00319 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:52:23 Hill climbing A fast but sometimes unreliable optimization method. When searching for the minimum-maximum value of a function a random step is taken; if the value improves it replaces the current value, then another random step is taken. CAO_00320 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:52:38 Humiliation to reduce to a lower position in oneand#39;s own eyes or othersand#39; eyes. CAO_00321 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:52:47 Humor the tendency of particular cognitive experiences to provoke laughter and provide amusement. CAO_00322 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 18:01:59 Iconic memory very brief sensory memory of some visual stimuli, that occur in the form of mental pictures. CAO_00323 Jianhui Wu 2011-03-25 20:27:04 Imageability is a property of a word or concept reflecting how easy or difficult it is to visually or acoustically imagine. CAO_00324 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 23:17:03 Imagery an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses. CAO_00325 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 20:22:21 Implicit knowledge knowledge that is kept in a person’s mind without necessarily being expressed in words and is often acted on instinctively. CAO_00326 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Implicit memory Type of memory in which experiences increases performance of task without oneand#39;s conscious awareness of these previous experiences. This type of memory applies to habit learning, skills, conditioning. CAO_00327 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 21:23:31 Imprinting a rapid learning process that takes place early in the life of a social animal and establishes a behavior pattern (as recognition of and attraction to its own kind or a substitute). CAO_00328 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Inattention The failure to process an external stimulus (often refers to sensory stimuli). CAO_00329 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-12-21 22:32:56 Incidental learning Learning without explicit knowledge of doing so, but occurring through interaction with the environment (e.g., by observation-copying of behavior or response to reinforcement). CAO_00330 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:02:50 Incubation the process of thinking about a problem subconsciously while being involved in other activities CAO_00331 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:03:07 Indignation anger aroused by something unjust, unworthy, or mean. CAO_00332 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 23:33:57 Induction inductive reasoning reaching a conclusion from a set of premises that could, but do not necessarily, lead to it CAO_00333 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:04:17 Inductive reasoning inductive inference reasoning from a specific case or cases and deriving a general rule, drawing inferences from observations in order to make generalizations. CAO_00334 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:04:58 Inference the act of passing from one proposition, statement, or judgment considered as true to another whose truth is believed to follow from that of the former; the act of passing from statistical sample data to generalizations (as of the value of population parameters) usually with calculated degrees of certainty. CAO_00335 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:05:31 Inhibition The process by which a response or thought is suppressed. CAO_00336 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:06:11 Inhibition of return the phenomenon in which the speed and accuracy with which an object is detected are first briefly enhanced (for perhaps 100-300 milliseconds) after the object is attended, and then detection speed and accuracy are impaired (for perhaps 500-3000 milliseconds). CAO_00337 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:31 Insight In problem solving, the moment at which an underlying relation between cause and effect is discovered-identified. CAO_00338 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 19:21:03 Instinct a natural or inherent aptitude, impulse, or capacity; a largely inheritable and unalterable tendency of an organism to make a complex and specific response to environmental stimuli without involving reason, behavior that is mediated by reactions below the conscious level. CAO_00339 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 19:43:30 Instrumental conditioning instrumental learning operant conditioning a learning process in which the consequences of an action are used to modify aspects of that action thereafter; these aspects include form and frequency (including the likelihood of reoccurrence at all). CAO_00340 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-03 20:50:59 Instrumental learning learning based on reward; a form of learning that takes place as a direct consequence of a reward or pleasant outcome for the learner. CAO_00341 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:06:53 Integration coordination of mental processes into a normal effective personality or with the individualand#39;s environment CAO_00342 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:07:15 Intelligence the ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or trying situations; the skilled use of reason; the ability to apply knowledge to manipulate oneand#39;s environment or to think abstractly as measured by objective criteria CAO_00343 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 19:19:55 Intention an act or instance of determining mentally upon some action or result; meaning or significance. CAO_00344 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:07:32 Intentional forgetting the purposeful forgetting of information that is no longer needed. CAO_00345 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:07:59 Intentional learning learning that is motivated with intention and is usually goal directed. CAO_00346 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:47:29 Intentionality the state of having or being formed by an intention; (philosophy) the property of being about or directed toward a subject, as inherent in conscious states, beliefs, or creations of the mind, such as sentences or books. CAO_00347 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:09:25 Interference the disturbing effect of new information on the other information with which it is inconsistent CAO_00348 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 18:01:54 Intermediate term memory a specialized term referring for information about a current task. CAO_00349 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:18:46 Internal speech also known as inner voice, internal speech, or verbal stream of consciousness is thinking in words. It also refers to the semi-constant internal monologue one has with oneself at a conscious or semi-conscious level. CAO_00350 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:11:00 Interrogative of, pertaining to, or conveying a question. CAO_00351 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-11 23:14:48 Intonation the ability to play or sing notes in tune; manner of utterance, specifically the rise and fall in pitch of the voice in speech. CAO_00352 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:11:16 Intrinsic motivation a highly desired form of incentive that stems from a personand#39;s internal desire for self-satisfaction or pleasure in performing the task itself. CAO_00353 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 22:55:50 Introspection the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining oneand#39;s own thoughts, feelings. CAO_00354 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:55:50 Involuntary attention results when the conscious mind changes focus to sudden changes in the environment (big sound, intensity of light, unique situation etc.). The person is not prepared for the attention and the attention is not under control of the individual. The persons attention is less concerned with motives, interests, and needs and the stimulus is usually more important than any functional factors. CAO_00355 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 18:33:38 Irony a situation, literary technique, or rhetorical device, in which there is an incongruity or discordance that goes strikingly beyond the most simple and evident meaning of words or actions. CAO_00356 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:12:13 Judgment the process of forming an opinion or evaluation by discerning and comparing, or an opinion or estimate so formed CAO_00357 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-24 14:12:35 Kinaesthetic representation kinesthetic representation is a representation of sensory inputs from muscles, tendons, and joints (e.g.,the joint angles used to reach a point in space). CAO_00358 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:12:39 Kinesthesia kinaesthesia a sense mediated by receptors located in muscles, tendons, and joints and stimulated by bodily movements and tensions. CAO_00359 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:04:43 Knowledge information acquired and represented by a person through experience or education CAO_00360 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Language The mental ability to encode and decode information, and translate this information into verbal, acoustic and visual representations, according to a set of rules that are common across a population. CAO_00361 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-11 23:22:12 Language comprehension The ability to understand communication from others, such as speech, written text, gestures, or sign language. CAO_00362 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:50:16 Language learning the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate, this capacity involves the picking up of diverse capacities including syntax, phonetics, and an extensive vocabulary, the language might be vocal as with speech or manual as in sign. CAO_00363 Joseph Devlin 2010-01-31 10:15:29 Language production is translating a concept or set of ideas into spoken, signed or written form CAO_00364 Tom Schonberg 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Learning The process of acquiring new skills-knowledge-information CAO_00365 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-20 21:35:24 Lemma an abstract form of a word before any phonological assignment, arising early in speech production CAO_00366 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:15:32 Lexical encoding converting vocabulary, words, or morphemes of a language into a code. CAO_00367 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:27:58 Lexical retrieval retrieval of a lexical entry CAO_00368 Tal Yarkoni 2010-06-05 20:03:20 Lexicon vocabulary The vocabulary of a language, including its words and expressions. CAO_00369 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:54:10 Linguistic competence a speakerand#39;s implicit, internalized knowledge of the rules of their language. CAO_00370 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:25:32 Listening to pay attention to sound; to hear something with thoughtful attention, give consideration; to be alert to catch an expected sound. CAO_00371 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:44:00 Logic a science that deals with the principles and criteria of validity of inference and demonstration; the science of the formal principles of reasoning. CAO_00372 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 18:38:13 Logical reasoning The strategy when one uses deduction, induction, or abduction to evaluate preconditions and rules to determnie a conclusion. CAO_00373 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 19:20:19 Long term memory a system for permanently storing, managing, and retrieving information for later use, items of information stored as long-term memory may be available for a lifetime. CAO_00374 Emily Barkley-Levenson 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Loss aversion The tendency of individuals to be more sensitive to the possibility of losing objects or money than they are to the possibility of gaining the same objects or amounts of money. CAO_00375 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:29:43 Lying the expression of a falsehood CAO_00376 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:30:58 Mathematical reasoning Reasoning about mathematical objects CAO_00377 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:31:39 Meaning the connotation of a word or phrase CAO_00378 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:32:07 Mechanical reasoning Reasoning about mechanical objects or functions CAO_00379 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:32:29 Melody tune a linear succession of musical tones which is perceived as a single entity. CAO_00380 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:32:42 Memory The ability of an organism to use past events to inform-influence current actions CAO_00381 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:35:19 Mental arithmetic mathematical calculations done mentally, without writing them down. CAO_00382 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 19:23:36 Mental imagery is an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving (through any of the senses) of some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses. CAO_00383 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 23:00:20 Mental representation a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image. CAO_00384 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Mental rotation Ability to rotate an object in oneand#39;s mind; ability to make perceptual judgments on a new spatial configuration of an object. CAO_00385 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:50:20 Metacognition awareness or analysis of oneand#39;s own learning or thinking processes. CAO_00386 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:09:01 Metacognitive skill a learnersand#39; automatic awareness of their own knowledge and their ability to understand, control, and manipulate their own cognitive processes. CAO_00387 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 17:58:00 Metaphor a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another to suggest a likeness or analogy between them. CAO_00388 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:56:00 Misattribution attributing an event to something with which it has no connection or association. CAO_00389 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:36:34 Monitoring the act of checking for particular kinds of information CAO_00390 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 20:23:45 Mood a conscious state of mind or predominant emotion. CAO_00391 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:37:24 Motor control The function of supervising motor activities CAO_00392 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:38:24 Motor learning the process of improving motor skills, the smoothness and accuracy of movements. CAO_00393 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:42:32 Motor planning movement planning the conception of a future motoric action CAO_00394 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:40:05 Motor program abstract representation of a movement CAO_00395 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:41:31 Motor sequence learning The acquisition of knowledge regarding sequences of motor action CAO_00396 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:41:51 Movement change of place or position or posture CAO_00397 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:47:23 Naming the expression of the name of an object CAO_00398 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:47:36 Narrative a story that is created in a constructive format (as a work of writing, speech, poetry, prose, pictures, song, motion pictures, video games, theater or dance) that describes a sequence of fictional or non-fictional events. CAO_00399 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Navigation The process of controlling the movement of a body-entity-vehicle through space from one point to another. CAO_00400 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:48:12 Nociception the processes of encoding and processing noxious stimuli. CAO_00401 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 23:02:35 Nondeclarative knowledge The nonconscious or implicit ability to express and practice learned information. CAO_00402 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Nondeclarative memory Memory acquired through experience and which can not be consciously articulated (such as by recall or recognition). This type of memory includes priming, conditioning, skill-acquisition, and habits. CAO_00403 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:48:55 Novelty detection the identification of new or unknown information CAO_00404 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:49:25 Object categorization the assignment of an object to a particular category CAO_00405 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:32:18 Object centered representation In an object-centered representation, the position of the subparts of an object are encoded with respect to a set of axes and an origin centered on the object. Several physiological and neuropsychological results support the existence of such representations in humans and monkeys. An explicit representation would involve neurons with invariant response properties in object-centered coordinates. CAO_00406 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:49:53 Object detection deals with detecting instances of semantic objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.). CAO_00407 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:50:34 Object manipulation is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more artists physically interact with props such as balls, hoops, rings, poi, staff, devil sticks, or clubs. Object manipulation can be considered an advanced combinatorial form of sports, dance, and games. CAO_00408 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Object perception The process of transforming basic visual sensory input (such as contrast, edge, motion, color etc) into a more abstract and semantically identifiable whole. CAO_00409 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:51:30 Object recognition object identification is the ability to perceive an object’s physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others. CAO_00410 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:51:44 Olfaction the sense of smell; the act or process of smelling. CAO_00411 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 23:19:58 Olfactory perception the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form. CAO_00412 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:53:02 Orthographic lexicon A set of representations of orthographic information CAO_00413 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:54:29 Parsing to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically CAO_00414 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:38:58 Passive attention refers to the involuntary process directed by external events that stand out from their environment, such as a bright flash, a strong odor, or a sudden loud noise. CAO_00415 Joseph Devlin 2010-01-30 22:22:27 Past tense refers to a form of a verb that indicates that the action already has occurred CAO_00416 Tal Yarkoni 2010-04-27 14:35:02 Pattern recognition The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in raw data. CAO_00417 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 22:39:27 Pavlovian conditioning classical conditioning respondent conditioning a form of learning in which a stimulus (designated the and#34;conditional stimulusand#34; or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), until the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys its association of the two. Importantly, participant response may be different between the US and its paired CS. CAO_00418 Naomi Kenner 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Perception the conscious experience or mental registration of a sensory stimulus CAO_00419 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:39:48 Perceptual binding is the cognitive ability to couple characteristics between items that one is perceiving. This can be illustrated by the one observing a blue square and a yellow circle. Through the neural mechanisms of perceptual binding, one can ensure that the sensing of blue is coupled to that of a square shape and that of yellow is coupled to that of a circle. CAO_00420 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:21:36 Perceptual categorization A selective system that can have no a priori information about the particular stimuli that might be encountered in its environment, other than boundary conditions implicit in the construction of its recognizing elements. Perceptual categorization, according to this view, does not involve the and#34;reading inand#34; of readily available information about the stimulus category; rather, it involves the utilization of multiple cues in degenerate, overlapping sets and under the influence of context. CAO_00421 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:30:51 Perceptual fluency is the ease at which the brain can process information. CAO_00422 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:45:46 Perceptual identification has two different processing stages. The first stage yields a state of of perceptual information about the stimulus presented. The second stage is the processing of attained perceptual information in a response. CAO_00423 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 18:06:32 Perceptual learning long lasting improvement in performing perceptual (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory or taste) tasks as a function of experience. CAO_00424 Matt Craddock 2011-10-03 12:34:23 Perceptual similarity Perceptual similarity is the subjective similarity between two stimuli as perceived by the observer. Thus, object A may be rated as more similar to object B than to object C despite a greater difference in some physical metric (such as height or width) between objects A and C than between objects A and B. This may differ across modalities: for example, two objects may be rated as more similar when seen than when touched. However, the physical, objective similarity between the two objects remains the same regardless of which modality is used to explore them. CAO_00425 Brenda Gregory 2010-03-11 23:54:28 Perceptual skill The ability to observe and understand the events surrounding an individual. CAO_00426 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:56:20 Performance monitoring the online evaluation of oneand#39;s performance on a task CAO_00427 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:55:33 Phonation process by which the vocal folds produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration; any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream. CAO_00428 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:57:17 Phonological buffer a passive storage device that is part of the articulatory rehearsal loop; serves as a part of the mechanisms ordinarily needed for hearing. In rehearsal, the buffer is loaded by means of subvocalization. CAO_00429 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:57:45 Phonological code A representation of information using phonological features CAO_00430 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 20:26:04 Phonological encoding involves retrieval of segmental and supra-segmental information and the generation of a syllabified phonological word, and the computation of the phonetic form of the intended utterance, referred to as phonetic encoding. CAO_00431 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:59:31 Phonological retrieval The retrieval of phonological representations based on other cues CAO_00432 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Phonological working memory The process of maintaining sound information online for a limited amount of time. CAO_00433 Michael Sharman 2012-02-23 16:46:45 Planning formulation, evaluation and selection of a sequence of actions to achieve a desired goal. CAO_00434 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 18:12:02 Pragmatic inference Inferences are made when a person (or machine) goes beyond available evidence to form a conclusion. A pragmatic inference (also known as an inductive inference) is one which is likely to be true because of the state of the world. Unlike deductive inferences, pragmatic (inductive) inferences do yield conclusions that increase the semantic information over and above that found in the initial premises. CAO_00435 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 18:51:53 Pragmatic knowledge is how individuals communicate meaning and how they produce contextually appropriate utterances, sentences, or texts. Pragmatic knowledge includes sociolinguistic and functional knowledge. CAO_00436 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:02:00 Pragmatic reasoning Pragmatic reasoning is defined as the process of finding the intended meaning(s) of the given, and it is suggested that this amounts to the process of inferring the appropriate context(s) in which to interpret the given. CAO_00437 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:02:16 Preattentive processing background activity that necessarily precedes conscious mental activity; major purpose is the preparation of sensory input for use in focal-attentive processes including encoding of the basic properties of sensory input. CAO_00438 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:24:58 Preconscious perception is the subthreshold process of visual perception. CAO_00439 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 17:07:32 Prejudice preconceived judgment or opinion; an adverse opinion or leaning formed without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge; an irrational attitude of hostility directed against an individual, a group, a race, or their supposed characteristics. CAO_00440 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:07:46 Primary memory the temporary maintenance system for conscious processing of information. CAO_00441 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:09:21 Proactive interference the forgetting of information due to interference from the traces of events or learning that occurred prior to the materials to be remembered; occurs when in any given context, past memories inhibit an individual’s full potential to retain new memories. CAO_00442 Naomi Kenner 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Problem solving Broadly, the mental processes involved in finding a solution to a problem. CAO_00443 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:10:20 Procedural knowledge Knowledge exercised in the performance of a task-activity. Its acquisition or structure is often unavailable to the actor. CAO_00444 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:11:17 Procedural learning The acquisition of a skill or ability through practice which is not accessible to verbalization or conscious awareness. CAO_00445 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:43:54 Procedural memory memory for how to do things; procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the step-by-step procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills. CAO_00446 System Administrator 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Procedural rule No definition submitted yet CAO_00447 System Administrator 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Processing capacity No definition submitted yet CAO_00448 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:12:25 Processing stage A subset of mental operations that are confined some feature space of information within a stream and-or hierarchy of mental operations. CAO_00449 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 18:00:18 Pronunciation the way a word or a language is spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word. CAO_00450 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:12:43 Proper noun A subject that usually indicates a particular person, place, or object. CAO_00451 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 17:02:47 Proprioception the sense of the relative position of neighboring parts of the body. CAO_00452 Natalie Picchetti 2011-05-19 22:09:30 Prosodic stress the stress and intonation patterns of an utterance. CAO_00453 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:13:04 Prosody the rhythm, stress, and intonation of speech. CAO_00454 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 17:05:01 Prospective memory remembering to perform an intended action...prospective memory is self-initiated and does not operate directly on external stimuli. CAO_00455 System Administrator 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Prospective planning No definition submitted yet CAO_00456 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Prototype A most common, standard or basic mental representation of some category. CAO_00457 Michael Sharman 2012-02-23 21:30:09 Quantitative skill the ability to to use mathematical concepts to solve problems. CAO_00458 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:15:04 Reading Decoding symbols to derive their meaning. CAO_00459 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 17:57:30 Reasoning drawing of inferences or conclusions through the use of reason. CAO_00460 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 15:24:49 Regret an emotional response to remembrance of a past state, condition, or experience that one wishes had been different CAO_00461 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 16:11:12 Relational learning learning to differentiate among stimuli on the basis of relational properties (e.g., the larger of two stimuli) rather than absolute properties (e.g., the stimulus that has a given size). CAO_00462 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:48:23 Remote memory memory for events of long ago as opposed to recent events. CAO_00463 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-12-21 22:42:08 Repressed memory A memory (often traumatic) that is unavailable for recall. CAO_00464 Michael Sharman 2012-02-23 16:07:25 Resource limit the maximum amount of cognitive resources that can be allocated to various, often competing tasks CAO_00465 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:19:07 Resource sharing is a unique characteristic of humans and several primates that involve sharing resources such as food, shelter, etc., as a collective risk-reduction against variability in resource supply. CAO_00466 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-08 22:04:03 Response inhibition motor inhibition Suppression of actions that are inappropriate in a given context and that interfere with goal-driven behavior. CAO_00467 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-08 23:32:53 Response selection action selection motor execution The selection of one action from a limited set of possible actions. CAO_00468 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 17:08:31 Retention a preservation of the aftereffects of experience and learning that makes recall or recognition possible. Persistence of learned behavior or experience during a period when it is not being performed o r practiced. Retention is the second stage of memory after encoding and before retrival CAO_00469 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 17:12:09 Retrieval The process of accessing information from memory or other storage devices; the possibility of recovery, restoration, or rectification. Retrieval is the third stage of memory after encoding and retention. CAO_00470 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Retrieval cue An event or experience that facilitates retrieval of information from long-term memory because of its association to that information. CAO_00471 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 18:56:47 Retroactive interference retroactive inhibition impeded retrieval and performance of previously learnt information due to newly acquired and practiced information. CAO_00472 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:27:15 Rhythm Movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions. While rhythm most commonly applies to sound, such as music and spoken language, it may also refer to visual presentation, as timed movement through space. CAO_00473 George Christopoulos 2015-08-28 18:18:46 Risk Formally and mathematically speaking, the minimal definition of risk is what (Rothschild and Stiglitz, 1970) call a mean-preserving increase in dispersion. A typical example is a gamble offering $400 or $600 based on the outcome of a coin flip (i.e. with equal probability (50%)); this is less risky as compared to a similar gamble offering $200 or $800 [again depending on the outcome of a coin flip]. Notice here that the mean outcome (or “expected value”) remains the same for both gambles. Thus risk can increase by keeping both the probabilities and the expected value the same. There are other approaches to risk that are less mathematically stringent but have higher ecological validity. For instance increasing the probability of a (positive outcome) is associated with a reduced perception of risk. Notice though now that the expected value (or the mean outcome) also increases. So, it is difficult in that case to disentangle the two metrics. Many times the term risk is associated with the probability of a negative outcome, or what is formally called downside risk. This idea is mostly due to the way actuarial science and insurance companies (which are more interested in the negative aspects of risk) use the term. For instance, the statement, “now we increase the risk,” might be translated as taking more perilous actions, but formally, this is not the case. The point of risk is that the opportunity also increases (“upside” risk). Thus, a situation that is riskier can be attractive, especially if the agent focuses on the positive outcomes. Another approach is the so-called “moment-based” approach. Here, one is interested in the second or higher moments of a distribution, roughly corresponding to variance, skewness and kurtosis. Skewness is of particular interest because it seems that risk-seeking persons (gamblers) can be attracted by positively skewed outcomes. Bets that offer a small probability of a high outcome are attractive to gamblers (Garrett and Sobel, 1999). Overall, risk is not a unitary concept and should be very carefully defined. Note that the term risk as used here should be distinguished from the way the term is used in sentences such as and#34;risk of developing Parkinsonand#39;s diseaseand#34;. An epidemiologist could help on the definition in that context. Input by other contributors: the probability or likelihood that an event will occur; possibility of loss or injury; someone or something that creates or suggests a hazard; the chance that an investment will lose value. CAO_00474 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 19:17:07 Route knowledge is represented as a series of directions to follow to get from one place to another. CAO_00475 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:42:43 Routine a regular course of procedure; habitual or mechanical performance of an established procedure; a reiterated speech or formula; a sequence of computer instructions for performing a particular task. CAO_00476 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:28:27 Rule a method for performing a psychological operation CAO_00477 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 19:35:05 Rule learning process in which a participant gradually acquires knowledge about a fixed but unstated standard that defines, for example, the acceptability of a response or membership of category CAO_00478 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 19:59:49 Sadness an emotion characterized by feelings of unhappiness, disadvantage, loss, and helplessness. CAO_00479 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 20:06:31 Salience a parameter of a stimulus that indexes its effectiveness. CAO_00480 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:29:43 Schema a structured representation that includes a particular organized way of perceiving and responding to a complex situation or set of stimuli. CAO_00481 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:54:03 Search to look into or over carefully or thoroughly in an effort to find or discover something; to look through or explore by inspecting possible places of concealment or investigating suspicious circumstances; to look at as if to discover or penetrate intention or nature; to uncover, find, or come to know by inquiry or scrutiny. CAO_00482 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-17 16:56:16 Selective attention controlled attention directed attention When multiple external sensory inputs are present, the process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one type-set of input and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. CAO_00483 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:30:15 Self monitoring monitoring of oneand#39;s own behavior. CAO_00484 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-01 19:50:06 Semantic category is a grouping of vocabulary within a language, organizing words which are interrelated and define each other in various ways. Also referred to as a semantic field. CAO_00485 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:31:37 Semantic knowledge long-established knowledge about objects, facts, and word meanings. CAO_00486 Joseph Devlin 2010-05-09 7:46:27 Semantic memory refers to oneand#39;s conceptual knowledge and includes the meanings of words, factual information about the world, and other information not related to specific events or episodes CAO_00487 Russ Poldrack 2010-01-10 23:04:12 Semantic working memory Working memory for meaning CAO_00488 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 21:35:38 Sensory memory sensory-information store; sensory register brief storage of sensory information in each of the senses, which temporarily holds material (e.g., a perceptual experience) for recoding into another memory (such as short-term memory) or for comprehension. CAO_00489 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-17 17:06:58 Sequence learning learning of a sequence of items or responses in the precise order of their presentation. CAO_00490 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-11-25 16:36:00 Serial learning The process of acquiring information in sequence and following an order that must be preserved at recall. CAO_00491 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-19 16:32:01 Serial processing intermittent processing sequential processing information processing in which only one sequence of processing operations is carried on at a time. CAO_00492 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Serial search The process of identifying a target within a set of candidate elements by testing the identity of each element against the identity of the sought after target one at a time. CAO_00493 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-11 23:15:06 Shallow processing a mode of thinking in which one pays attention only to appearances and other superficial aspects of the material, typically leading to poor memory retention. CAO_00494 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:24:59 Shame a painful emotion caused by consciousness of guilt, shortcoming, or impropriety; a condition of humiliating disgrace or disrepute; something that brings censure or reproach. CAO_00495 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-19 16:46:00 Short term memory A limited-capacity and short-lasting representation of information in the mind. The duration of short-term memory is on the order of seconds, while its capacity is on the order of 4 to 9 independent items. CAO_00496 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 19:20:42 Skepticism an attitude of doubt or a disposition to incredulity either in general or toward a particular object. CAO_00497 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:52:12 Skill Proficiency, facility, or dexterity that is acquired or developed through training or experience. CAO_00498 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:38:04 Skill acquisition skill learning The process of learning to perform a task or set of tasks with increasing facility. Typically implies the formation of procedural (as distinct from semantic or episodic) memories. CAO_00499 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 18:47:16 Gestalt grouping the ways in which elements are perceived to be grouped together, most often described for auditory and visual perception, but may also be a factor for other modalities CAO_00500 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:38:21 Social cognition the encoding, storage, retrieval, and processing, in the brain, of information relating to conspecifics, or members of the same species. CAO_00501 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:38:34 Social context the identical or similar social positions and social roles as a whole that influence the individuals of a group. CAO_00502 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:38:50 Social intelligence the ability to function successfully in interpersonal situations. CAO_00503 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:40:09 Somatosensation somatosensory perception the components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that receive and interpret sensory information from organs in the joints, ligaments, muscles, and skin. This system processes information about the length, degree of stretch, tension, and contraction of muscles; pain; temperature; pressure; and joint position. CAO_00504 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:12:49 Source memory the episodic source from which a specific item was acquired (e.g., from a person, a book, or television (Schacter, Kaszniak, Kihlstrom, andamp; Valdiserri, 1991, p. 559). CAO_00505 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Source monitoring The process of identifying the the source or context at acquisition of information that has been stored in memory. CAO_00506 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-03 20:54:57 Spatial ability skill in perceiving the visual world, transforming and modifying initial perceptions, and mentally recreating spatial aspects of oneand#39;s visual experience without the relevant stimuli. CAO_00507 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Spatial attention The allocation or prioritization of mental resources based on spatial coordinates (with respect to the body, head etc). CAO_00508 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:12:11 Spatial cognition the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments. CAO_00509 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:42:28 Spatial memory the part of memory responsible for recording information about oneand#39;s environment and its spatial orientation. CAO_00510 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:32 Spatial working memory The ability to maintain online information that relates to space. This process has limited capacity and its contents are not stored permanently. CAO_00511 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:42:51 Speech perception the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. CAO_00512 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:43:33 Speech processing the processing of speech signals CAO_00513 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:26:48 Speech production is the process by which spoken words are selected to be produced, have their phonetics formulated and then finally are articulated by the motor system in the vocal apparatus. Speech production can be spontaneous such as when a person creates the words of a conversation, reaction such as when they name a picture or read aloud a written word, or a vocal imitation such as in speech repetition. Speech production is not the same as language production since language can also be produced manually by signs. CAO_00514 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:24:55 Spreading activation a method for searching associative networks, neural networks, or semantic networks; the search process is initiated by labeling a set of source nodes (e.g. concepts in a semantic network) with weights or and#34;activationand#34; and then iteratively propagating or and#34;spreadingand#34; that activation out to other nodes linked to the source nodes. CAO_00515 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-19 20:54:04 Stereopsis the process in visual perception leading to the sensation of depth from the two slightly different projections of the world onto the retinas of the two eyes. CAO_00516 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:44:18 Stereotypes something conforming to a fixed or general pattern; a standardized mental picture that is held in common by members of a group and that represents an oversimplified opinion, prejudiced attitude, or uncritical judgment. CAO_00517 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 21:07:17 Strategy A plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal. CAO_00518 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:45:54 Stress refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism – human or animal – to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats, whether actual or imagined. CAO_00519 Joseph Devlin 2010-05-09 7:33:37 Sublexical route is a theoretical component of Coltheartand#39;s dual-route reading model that refers to using spelling-to-sound correspondences to convert a written word (i.e. orthography) into a spoken word (i.e. phonology). In other words, it is the route by which letters are linked to their sounds and the sounds are assembled into a whole word pronunciation. It complements the lexical route where the whole word is recognized and linked to its sound. CAO_00520 Natalie Picchetti 2011-05-11 21:46:29 Subliminal perception a visual or auditory message that is allegedly perceived psychologically, but not consciously; occurs when a stimulus is too weak to be perceived yet a person is influenced by it. CAO_00521 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:48:50 Supervisory attentional system a loosely defined collection of brain processes that are responsible for planning, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, rule acquisition, initiating appropriate actions and inhibiting inappropriate actions, and selecting relevant sensory information. CAO_00522 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 17:05:39 Surprise a brief emotional state that is the result of experiencing an unexpected relevant event. CAO_00523 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 19:16:41 Sustained attention the ability to maintain a consistent behavioral response during continuous and repetitive activity. CAO_00524 Russ Poldrack 2011-03-30 18:35:54 Syntactic parsing the way that human beings, rather than computers, analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc. CAO_00525 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-19 21:21:47 Syntactic processing processing of the structural and grammatical aspects of language CAO_00526 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-04 18:06:08 Syntax the way in which linguistic elements (as words) are put together to form constituents (as phrases or clauses); a connected or orderly system, harmonious arrangement of parts or elements. CAO_00527 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:08:35 Taste aversion occurs when the taste of a certain food is associated with symptoms caused by a toxic, spoiled, or poisonous substance; generally caused after ingestion of the food causes nausea, sickness, or vomiting. The ability to develop a taste aversion is considered an adaptive trait or survival mechanism that trains the body to avoid poisonous substances (e.g., poisonous berries) before they can cause harm. CAO_00528 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:10:02 Text comprehension Intentional thinking during which meaning is constructed through interactions between text and reader. CAO_00529 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:10:15 Text processing The handling of alphabetic characters CAO_00530 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-19 20:38:28 Theory of mind mentalizing the ability for a person to connect emotional states to themselves and others and understand that other people may have different beliefs, desires, or intentions from oneand#39;s self. It is intimately connected with the development of a personand#39;s ability to analyze and interpret the intentions of others. CAO_00531 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:46:13 Thermosensation the sensory perception of thermal stimuli. CAO_00532 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:48:21 Top down processing perceptions formed by starting with the larger concept or idea, then working down to the finer details of that concept or idea. CAO_00533 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:52:52 Traumatic memory A type of memory results from trauma experience, such as a natural disaster or violent events. CAO_00534 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:56:17 Uncertainty the lack of knowledge regarding the likelihood of potential outcomes CAO_00535 Russ Poldrack 2015-09-21 20:19:56 Unconscious process a mental process that you are not directly aware of. CAO_00536 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:58:04 Utility a measure of value associated with a particular outcome CAO_00537 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:58:39 Valence the degree of attractiveness an individual, activity, or thing possesses as a behavioral goal. CAO_00538 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:21:08 Verbal fluency the ability to rapidly access your mental vocabulary while talking or writing. CAO_00539 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 21:24:27 Verbal memory Recall based on spoken words. CAO_00540 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-15 20:58:49 Optical illusion visual illusion A phenomenon in which what is visually perceived does not reflect the nature of the objective stimulus. CAO_00541 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:13:37 Visual attention two-stage process in which attention is distributed uniformly over the external visual scene and processing of information is performed in parallel, attention is then concentrated to a specific area of the visual scene (i.e. it is focused), and processing is performed in a serial fashion. CAO_00542 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 2:00:28 Visual buffer a short-term memory store for visual information CAO_00543 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 2:00:56 Visual imagery an experience that, on most occasions, significantly resembles the experience of perceiving some object, event, or scene, but occurs when the relevant object, event, or scene is not actually present to the senses. CAO_00544 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:46:21 Visual masking masking the reduction or elimination of the visibility of a brief a target stimulus by the presentation of a second stimulus (the mask) contiguous in space and-or time CAO_00545 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 17:56:51 Visual memory a part of memory preserving some characteristics of our senses pertaining to visual experience. CAO_00546 Joseph Devlin 2010-01-31 22:12:49 Visual object recognition is the process of identifying an object based on its visual attributes CAO_00547 Corey White 2015-04-05 20:39:17 Visual perception Visual perception is the ability to interpret the surrounding environment by processing information that is contained in visible light. The resulting perception is also known as eyesight, sight, or vision. CAO_00548 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 2:02:21 Visual representation An internal representation of visual information CAO_00549 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-25 22:21:16 Visual search orienting for targets in an array or a natural scene, through both covert and overt shifts in attention; this is different from the visual search task in that it refers to a general phenomenon and not to a paradigm. CAO_00550 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-25 21:57:11 Visual working memory The ability to maintain visual information online for a limited time interval (~ 4 sec). This information is not stored permanently. CAO_00551 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Visuospatial sketch pad The cognitive construct and mental process of temporarily storing visual and spatial information for online use in operations of working memory (c.f., Alan Baddeley) . CAO_00552 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:34:55 Wisdom accumulated philosophic or scientific learning. CAO_00553 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:38:26 Word comprehension the ability to understand the meaning of words. CAO_00554 Natalie Picchetti 2011-03-01 19:27:36 Word generation word production The cognitive process of producing words on ones own term instead of extracting them from an outside source. CAO_00555 Natalie Picchetti 2011-03-09 18:52:14 Word order is the sequence of the syntactic constituents of a language. CAO_00556 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 19:45:19 Word pronunciation is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability. CAO_00557 Marc Brysbaert 2015-08-28 6:56:01 Word recognition the ability of a reader to recognize words correctly and virtually effortlessly. CAO_00558 Russ Poldrack 2014-04-10 12:41:45 Word repetition overt repetition Overt pronounciation of auditorily presented words CAO_00559 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-09 17:29:18 Working memory active maintenance and flexible updating of goal-task relevant information (items, goals, strategies, etc.) in a form that resists interference but has limited capacity. These representations may involve flexible binding of representations, may be characterized by the absence of external support for the internally maintained representations, and are frequently temporary due to ongoing interference CAO_00560 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:29:57 Action initiation the facilitation or initiation of an act CAO_00561 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:57:29 Attention shift The change that occurs when information that is currently active in the mind is replaced by other information. The information content is typically sensory in nature. CAO_00562 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Attention span Amount of time or space that an individual can dedicate to particular task or content without becoming distracted. CAO_00563 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:58:45 Attentional focusing The ability to focus attention on cues in the environment that are relevant to the task in hand; can also include suppression of distracting stimuli CAO_00564 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:57:46 Attention shifting The process by which information that is currently relevant in the mind is replaced by other information. This information is typically sensory in nature but may also be semantic. CAO_00565 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-08 21:15:26 Set shifting mental set shifting task set reconfiguration disengagement of an irrelevant task set and subsequent engagement of a relevant task set despite interference and-or priming CAO_00566 Kristina Visscher 2013-03-22 19:02:30 Task switching The process of switching from one task or goal to another, depending on the context or instructions, that is, the process of switching between task sets. CAO_00567 Tom Schonberg 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Decision The outcome of a process during which a choice is made, usually between several possible options CAO_00568 Naomi Kenner 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Framing Framing is a method of biasing opinions- a framing effect occurs when the description of information, such as a speaker presenting an issue, has an emphasis on a subset of potentially relevant considerations and causes individuals to focus on these considerations when constructing their opinions. CAO_00569 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-09 0:07:29 Risk seeking The willingness of an individual to choose an option with a less-than-certain probability of reward over an option with a certain reward of equal or higher expected value. BEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA CAO_00570 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 22:59:25 Emotion perception The process involving understanding feelings with different valences of oneself or of others CAO_00571 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:54:55 Emotion recognition The process of assigning an emotion to one of the discrete categories of emotion available in a particular culture. CAO_00572 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:55:11 Emotional bonding A process of bringing people together based on mutually shared emotions. CAO_00573 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:10:33 Empathy The act of understanding, being aware of, being sensitive to, and or experiencing the feelings, thoughts, and experience of another. CAO_00574 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:45:41 Fear acute threat A state of high negative emotional arousal triggered by an impending threat (real or imaginary) and generally associated with the flight or fight response. Fear is the activation of the brain’s defensive motivational system to promote behaviors that protect the organism from perceived danger. Normal fear involves a pattern of adaptive responses to conditioned or unconditioned threat stimuli (exteroceptive or interoceptive). Fear can involve internal representations and cognitive processing, and can be modulated by a variety of factors. CAO_00575 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:00:18 Frustration a deep chronic sense or state of insecurity and dissatisfaction arising from unresolved problems or unfulfilled needs. CAO_00576 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-11 23:20:10 Grief deep and poignant distress caused by or as if by bereavement. CAO_00577 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:51:32 Happiness a state of mind or feeling characterized by contentment, love, satisfaction, pleasure, or joy. CAO_00578 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:49:41 Discourse the capacity of orderly thought or procedure, verbal interchange of ideas; formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject, connected speech or writing, linguistic unit larger than a sentence. CAO_00579 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:49:51 Discourse comprehension Discourse comprehension is the act of interpreting a written or spoken message by integrating the incoming information into the memory or knowledge structures of the interpreter. CAO_00580 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:50:22 Discourse knowledge knowledge regarding discourse CAO_00581 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:16:27 Discourse planning the formulation of structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that constitute the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence. CAO_00582 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:30:15 Discourse processing is the cognitive process that investigates the structures, patterns, mental representations, and processes that underlie the written and spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence. CAO_00583 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-07 18:18:02 Discourse production the formation of a spoken unit of connected speech or writing longer than a sentence. CAO_00584 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 21:23:28 Grammatical encoding the selection of semantically appropriate lexical items and the generation of a syntactic frame or surface form. CAO_00585 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:01:59 Grapheme a unit (as a letter or digraph) of a writing system; the set of units of a writing system (as letters and letter combinations) that represent a phoneme. CAO_00586 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 19:02:09 Graphemic buffer a component dedicated to the temporary storage of abstract orthographic representations prior to their format-specific expression in spelling and-or reading. CAO_00587 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 21:30:10 Illocutionary force a speakerand#39;s intention in delivering an utterance. CAO_00588 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:50:53 Language acquisition the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive, produce and use words to understand and communicate. CAO_00589 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 16:52:02 Language processing the way human beings process speech or writing and understand it as language. CAO_00590 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:19:05 Lexical access the process by which contact is made with the lexicon on the basis of an initial acoustic-phonetic or phonological representation of some portion of the speech input, the result of lexical success is a cohort of potential word candidates which are compatible with this initial analysis. CAO_00591 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 18:10:04 Lexical ambiguity the presence of two or more possible meanings within a single word. CAO_00592 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:15:43 Lexical processing A general term referring to the processing of single words, typically in the context of visual or auditory word recognition. CAO_00593 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 18:56:07 Morphological processing is how the brain registers the patterns of word formation in a particular language, including inflection, derivation, and composition. CAO_00594 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:37:07 Morphology the structure and content of word forms CAO_00595 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:53:27 Orthography the representation of the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols; a part of language study that deals with letters and spelling. CAO_00596 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:22:02 Phonetics the system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages; the study and systematic classification of the sounds made in spoken utterance. CAO_00597 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:32:48 Semantic processing refers to the cognitive processing of the meanings of a stimulus CAO_00598 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 18:54:01 Sentence comprehension takes place whenever a reader or listener processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text. CAO_00599 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:23:00 Sentence processing takes place whenever a reader or listener cognitively processes a language utterance, either in isolation or in the context of a conversation or a text. CAO_00600 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:35:22 Sentence production The creation and-or utterance of a sentence CAO_00601 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:03:14 Active recall a principle of efficient learning, which claims the need to actively stimulate memory during the learning process. CAO_00602 Corey White 2011-08-11 15:29:15 Active retrieval Effortful (volitional) attempt to consciously recollect a memory; often required when retrieval cannot be automatically driven by stimuli. CAO_00603 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:06:39 Consolidation the process by which a representation becomes stabilized CAO_00604 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-03 20:53:58 Elaborative rehearsal a type of rehearsal proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) in their Levels of Processing model of memory. Elaborative rehearsal involves deep semantic processing of a to-be-remembered item resulting in the production of durable memories. CAO_00605 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-19 20:39:27 Encoding memory encoding The process of creating a new memory trace. CAO_00606 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:58:37 Episodic buffer A theoretical construct that is part of Alan Baddeleyand#39;s working memory model and the object of which is to integrate information across sensory domains and communicate with long term memory in the service of working memory. CAO_00607 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:54:36 Familiarity A quality of memory that is associated with a feeling of knowing that an event has previously occurred, but often not including enough contextual or episodic details sufficient for claiming actual remembering of the event. CAO_00608 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 18:59:56 Forgetting The loss of or inability to retrieve a memory. CAO_00609 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 18:13:11 Memory acquisition is the process of storage and retrieval of new information in memory. CAO_00610 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:34:05 Memory consolidation a category of processes that stabilize a memory trace after the initial acquisition. CAO_00611 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-17 16:57:43 Memory decay the loss of memory over time. CAO_00612 Tal Yarkoni 2010-04-27 14:32:05 Memory storage The representation of information in the brain in a form that enables potential retrieval at a later time. CAO_00613 Tal Yarkoni 2010-04-27 14:39:30 Memory trace A residual, and often decayed, neural representation of previous knowledge or experience. CAO_00614 Michael Sharman 2012-02-23 16:51:52 Metamemory subjective awareness of and knowledge about memory, and strategies for its effective access and application; includes: awareness of memory contents, different and appropriate memory strategies for particular tasks, and how to use a given memory strategy most effectively. CAO_00615 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Recall The process of retrieving previously stored information, done without the aid of external cues. CAO_00616 Vanessa Sochat 2015-08-14 22:51:35 Recognition assigning a detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00617 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:26:42 Reconsolidation the process of previously consolidated memories being recalled and actively consolidated, it is a distinct process that serves to maintain, strengthen and modify memories that are already stored in the long-term memory. CAO_00618 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:43:14 Acuity accuracy of perception. CAO_00619 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:52:35 Echolocation the general method of locating objects by determining the time for an echo to return and the direction from which it returns, used by some animals CAO_00620 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 17:53:12 Edge detection a fundamental tool in image processing and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction, which aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or more formally has discontinuities. CAO_00621 Tyler Davis 2011-08-14 23:58:37 Feature detection a process of recognizing specific aspects of a stimulus, such as lines, edges, angle, or movement. CAO_00622 Tyler Davis 2011-08-15 0:11:06 Figure ground reversal Occurs in certain visual illusions (e.g., Vases and Faces or and#34;Rubinand#39;s Vaseand#34;) in which there are multiple valid figure-ground segmentations that can be selected depending on an observerand#39;s interpretation. CAO_00623 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:55:00 Figure ground segregation Discriminating objects from their surroundings by the visual system. CAO_00624 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-30 4:50:41 Gustation processing gustation Form of chemoreception that facilitates taste perception. CAO_00625 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:34:48 Memory retrieval the process of accessing a stored memory CAO_00626 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-14 18:39:19 Active maintenance The maintenance of information in working memory through active (volitional) rather than passive means CAO_00627 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 15:55:18 Articulatory loop phonological loop one of the subsystems postulated in Alan Baddeley’s multicomponent model of WORKING MEMORY, specialized for the temporary storage of verbal information. It consists of a phonological store and an articulatory rehearsal process. The phonological store can hold speech-based information, subject to a rapid decay. The articulatory rehearsal process can refresh the decaying representation by reading it off and feeding it back to the store. It also serves to convert visually presented information (such as written words) into phonological codes and register them into the phonological store. CAO_00628 Michael Sharman 2012-05-03 12:46:50 Central executive Theoretical and#39;top-downand#39; cognitive system responsible for the management of executive functions including planning, working memory, attention, problem solving, reasoning, inhibition, multi-tasking, and the initiation and monitoring of actions. CAO_00629 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Maintenance The process of keeping information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00630 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:30:27 Manipulation performance of operations upon information held in working memory CAO_00631 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:58:07 Phonological loop deals with sound or phonological information and consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces. CAO_00632 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:16:47 Rehearsal The repetition of information in an attempt to maintain it longer in memory. CAO_00633 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-12 16:52:37 Rehearsal loop or phonological loop, also called the phonetic loop or the articulatory loop, is the part of working memory that rehearses verbal information. It consists of two parts: a short-term phonological store with auditory memory traces that are subject to rapid decay and an articulatory rehearsal component that can revive the memory traces.The first component is a phonological memory store which can hold traces of acoustic or speech based material. Material in this short term store lasts about two seconds unless it is maintained through the use of the second subcomponent, articulatory subvocal rehearsal. Prevention of articulatory rehearsal results in very rapid forgetting (a process known as decay). CAO_00634 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Working memory retrieval The process of accessing information that is maintained in working memory; the sub-process by which the contents of working memory are accessed. CAO_00635 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Working memory storage The maintenance of information of working memory; a sub-component of working memory that allows for contents of working memory to be retained. CAO_00636 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 22:36:48 Cognitive control executive control executive function The top-down modulation of cognitive processes based on higher-order representations such as goals or plans. CAO_00637 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-12 22:21:16 Echoic memory refers to the phenomenon in which there is a brief mental echo that continues to sound after an auditory stimulus has been heard. CAO_00638 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-30 3:43:35 Reward processing reinforcement reward A positive return for performance of a specific behavior. CAO_00639 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:53:40 Pain An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. CAO_00640 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:11:43 Joint attention mutual knowledge the process of alerting one person to a stimulus through nonverbal cues such as finger pointing or gazing. It is one of the first signs of the development of a theory of mind in babies and serves as an important step to later language and social development. CAO_00641 System Administrator 2010-02-17 17:27:37 Behavioral inhibition (cognitive) behavioral inhibition Often used as a synonym of and#34;response inhibitionand#34; to describe the inhibition of actions. CAO_00642 Russ Poldrack 2010-02-17 17:27:37 Behavioral inhibition (temperament) behavioral inhibition A temperamental characteristic described by shyness and social anxiety. CAO_00643 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-11 23:24:03 Central coherence a personand#39;s ability to understand things in context, frequently described as a deficit in literature on autism CAO_00644 Russ Poldrack 2013-01-23 21:47:34 Interference resolution interference control The process of selecting information with regard to its relevance to an ongoing task and suppressing the processing of irrelevant information. CAO_00645 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:57:32 Updating The revision or refreshing of information that is maintained in working memory CAO_00646 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:09:15 Task set The set of rules and-or stimulus-response mappings that define how a task should be performed. CAO_00647 Peter Walla 2011-01-03 15:23:26 Subconscious Subconscious is any neural activity which has the potential to be conscious, but at the moment is processed below the level of consciousness. In contrast to unconscious information processing, subconscious processing contains meaning (semantic information). Intuition is a good example for subconscious information processing. In other words, intuition means thinking below the level of consciousness whereby only the output enters the stream of consciousness. from Peter Walla CAO_00648 Akram Bakkour 2011-08-12 21:10:20 Semantic information semantic knowledge information that is not tied to any specific object, event, domain, or application. It includes general factual information about the world (as in an encyclopedia) and oneself. CAO_00649 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 21:24:31 Paraphasia generally refers to errors in naming. Collectively, this term is applied to any unintended error of word or sound choice. CAO_00650 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 21:24:12 Phonemic paraphasia is the production of unintended sounds or syllables in the utterance of partially recognizable word, e.g., ‘paker’ for ‘paper.’ CAO_00651 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 20:28:35 Neologism is the production of nonsense word or words, usually without recognition of errors, e.g., ‘table’ becomes ‘tilto.’ CAO_00652 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 20:35:40 Metacomprehension refers to the learnersand#39; ability to monitor the degree to which they understand information being communicated to them, to recognize failures to comprehend, and to employ repair strategies when failures are identified. CAO_00653 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-01 19:33:23 Conceptual metaphor In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is defined as understanding one conceptual domain in terms of another conceptual domain; for example, using one personand#39;s life experience to understand a different personand#39;s experience. A conceptual domain can be any coherent organization of experience. CAO_00654 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-28 16:30:15 Body representation A mental representation of oneand#39;s own body CAO_00655 Michael Sharman 2012-05-04 10:30:07 Delusion A belief held despite appreciable external evidence to the contrary. CAO_00656 Michael Sharman 2012-05-03 16:48:27 Deliberation consideration the process of judging the merits of multiple options, which may then be followed by choice. CAO_00657 Michael Sharman 2012-05-03 14:24:18 Thought Subjectively salient cognitive processing, at least part of which may be reportable. CAO_00658 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:45:26 Multisensory integration The process by which unisensory signals are combined to form a new product. It is operationally defined as a multisensory response (neural or behavioral) that is significantly different from the responses evoked by the modality-specific component stimuli CAO_00659 Michael Sharman 2014-01-02 13:52:05 Crossmodal cross-modal A complex of two or more modality-specific [unimodal] stimuli CAO_00660 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:57:06 Unisensory Describes any sensory process associated with a single sensory modality CAO_00661 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:43:06 Multisensory a process associated with multiple sensory modalities CAO_00662 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:49:30 Synchrony perception the process of perceiving whether or not the crossmodal cues (e.g., audio and visual) to an event (e.g., audiovisual speech) are in temporal synchrony with each other. CAO_00663 Mei-Yen Chen 2011-08-12 20:08:59 Tactile working memory working memory for tactile information CAO_00664 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-24 14:09:26 Interoceptive representation A representation of the internal state of the body CAO_00665 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 18:03:28 Sense of ownership The feeling that something is part of one self. CAO_00666 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 18:05:05 Sense of body ownership The feeling that something is part of oneand#39;s own body. CAO_00667 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:54:08 Pain sensitization A painful stimulus is perceived more painful over the time course of stimulation. CAO_00668 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 0:53:54 Pain habituation pain adaptation A painful stimulus is perceived less painful over the time course of stimulation. CAO_00669 Russ Poldrack 2012-03-29 1:07:38 Priming Priming is the effect of prior exposure to a somehow (e.g. perceptually or semantically) related stimulus on the response to a subsequent stimulus. This effect may be positive and facilitatory (e.g. naming of an object is typically faster when that object has already been recently named) or negative and detrimental (e.g. slower response to a previously ignored stimulus). CAO_00670 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:54:13 Expectancy expectation reward prediction error A belief about something in the future. Sometimes requires explicit, conscious awareness, distinct from unconscious, conditioning-based learning. CAO_00671 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 22:51:14 Self control Self-regulation ego strength self-discipline willpower The effortful control of behaviors, thoughts, or emotions with the aim of increasing the likelihood of attaining long-term over short-term outcomes. CAO_00672 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 20:42:45 Embodied cognition a theory emphasizing the essentiality of the bodyand#39;s interaction with the environment to cognition CAO_00673 Michael Sharman 2012-02-14 14:41:36 Resource any aspect of cognition having bounded availability, eg. memory, attention CAO_00674 System Administrator 2012-04-20 23:17:21 Curiosity inquisitiveness wanting knowledge or understanding, often of a novel or unfamiliar entity CAO_00675 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-03 22:08:57 Visual awareness the subjective experience of seeing, emerging about 200ms after the onset of a visual stimulus; it is contrasted with unconscious visual perception CAO_00676 Michael Sharman 2012-02-22 16:11:37 Imagination envisagement mental conception representation forming mental images or concepts of what is not actually present to the senses CAO_00677 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-15 20:01:13 Addiction dependency A phenomenon sometimes conflated and sometimes contrasted with dependency, in which a person has transitioned from liking a rewarding substance or behavior to requiring it. CAO_00678 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 22:51:39 Self talk overt verbalisation of thoughts for the purpose of self motivation, problem solving, reasoning, learning or stress management; a behavior commonly witnessed in sports-people during moments of performance pressure CAO_00679 Michael Sharman 2012-02-24 10:36:52 Worldview perspective overarching subjective account of environmental (ie. that in which an agent is situated) characteristics and functions, applicable across local and global spatiotemporal scales; a framework of ego-centric ideas and beliefs that serves to guide decision making and action, and to generate, sustain, and apply knowledge. CAO_00680 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 20:38:22 Inattentional blindness perceptual blindness a phenomenon in which people fail to see an unexpected stimulus CAO_00681 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 22:20:51 Interoception perception of stimuli inside the body, e.g. hunger, thirst, pain CAO_00682 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-25 23:01:26 Extinction the phenomenon by which a response to a conditional stimulus presented in absence of the unconditional stimulus diminishes over time; rather than a forgetting, it is generally believed to be a new learning. CAO_00683 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 18:09:40 Difference threshold JND just noticeable difference the smallest detectable difference between two stimuli CAO_00684 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 18:51:12 Binocular depth cue a cue that provides depth information about a scene when it is viewed with both eyes CAO_00685 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 19:28:32 Color constancy the ability to assign stable colors despite variation in light, i.e. identifying that a given box is orange irrespective of the spectral composition or intensity of the light illuminating it CAO_00686 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 20:17:48 Feature search search for a target according to a single feature (e.g. color) CAO_00687 Mark Law 2012-12-15 23:29:08 Attentional blink AB a phenomenon in which the participant is unable to detect a second salient visual stimulus if presented at the same spatial location within 200-500 milliseconds after the first CAO_00688 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 21:03:03 Change blindness the inability to detect changes to an object or a scene even if large, repeatedly made, or anticipated; it can even occur when the subject is fixated on the item being changed. CAO_00689 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 21:10:59 Motion aftereffect the illusion of movement in a stationary object after prolonged viewing of a moving object CAO_00690 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-27 17:14:52 Overt attention directing a sense organ at a stimulus source CAO_00691 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-27 17:16:42 Covert attention the act of focusing on one of several sensory stimuli CAO_00692 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-27 17:37:41 Unconscious perception the process of perceiving a stimulus without being conscious of having seen it, measurable by electrophysiological response at the time and by recognition testing later CAO_00693 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-02 19:52:38 Autonoesis autonoetic consciousness consciousness of self consistent over time, both in imagining the future and recalling the past; consciousness of subjectivity CAO_00694 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-10 22:14:45 Psychological refractory period PRP the phenomenon by which people are unable to make more than one conscious decision (and, by extension, unable to complete more than one task) within a few hundred milliseconds CAO_00695 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-11 18:43:57 Noesis noetic consciousness a consciousness characterized by knowing or familiarity without self-reference (contrast with autonoesis) CAO_00696 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 19:26:06 Impulsivity impulsiveness the tendency to act without adequately assessing context CAO_00697 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 17:13:10 Binocular rivalry competition between the eyes for control of perception, particularly evident when different stimuli are presented to each eye CAO_00698 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 17:22:01 Cone of confusion a region around the head for which neither interaural time differences (ITDs) nor interaural loudness differences (ILDs) in a sound are not great enough for a person to localize the sound source CAO_00699 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 17:33:35 Vection the illusion of movement in a stationary person caused by moving visual cues CAO_00700 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 17:37:19 Visual acuity a measure of the finest resolution perceivable by the eyes CAO_00701 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 17:43:42 Visual angle the angle a viewed object subtends at the eye, usually stated in degrees of arc, and is a function of the size of the object and its distance from the eye CAO_00702 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 19:11:08 Domain specificity the idea in cognitive science that the mind is divided according to the content of information being processed into specialized, possibly evolved, modules CAO_00703 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 21:23:11 Global precedence the idea that, all else held equal, global features are perceived earlier than are local features of a given stimulus CAO_00704 Adam Cobb 2013-06-14 4:19:52 Anxiety An aversive psychophysiological state characterized by fear, worry, or concern associated with current or impending threat often elicited by general and specific interoceptive or exteroceptive cues. CAO_00705 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 18:29:35 Spontaneous recovery recovery recovery of a conditioned response following extinction, simply as a function of time CAO_00706 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 18:36:20 Reinstatement following extinction, conditioned response returns after exposure to unconditional stimulus (US) alone CAO_00707 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-13 19:11:26 Blindsight blind sight unconscious visual perception, i.e. a phenomenon in which people can detect, discriminate between, and respond to visual stimuli without being consciously aware of them CAO_00708 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-13 19:24:22 Feature integration how different features of a percept are bound into a conscious whole CAO_00709 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-13 21:40:53 Transduction in which information from stimuli is transduced into signals to the brain CAO_00710 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-13 21:43:57 Phototransduction in which energy from visual stimuli is transduced into a signal in the retina to the brain CAO_00711 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 20:50:01 Border ownership the determination of a local feature (i.e. a contrast edge or line) and the object to which it belongs CAO_00712 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 21:10:03 Multistable perception conflicting sensory input results in spontaneous, sometimes controllable, experiences thereof CAO_00713 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 22:46:36 Visual orientation use of visual stimulus information in perceiving orientation thereof or of the self CAO_00714 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-15 22:17:59 Lateral masking perceptual phenomenon in which one stimulus attenuates signals generated by another, adjacent, stimulus presented simultaneously CAO_00715 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-15 21:24:45 Crowding target stimulus is made harder to identify when surrounded by similar non-target stimuli CAO_00716 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-15 23:43:57 Lexeme the phonological form of a given lexical item being retrieved CAO_00717 Melissa Lewis 2012-11-23 21:52:55 Trait anxiety a hyper-responsive system for threat detection, differentiated from state anxiety in duration and cause CAO_00718 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 23:04:09 Strength Strength refers to a muscleand#39;s ability to generate force against physical objects. CAO_00719 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-19 20:40:36 Balance Balance allows humans to be able to orient the body in space, maintain an upright posture under static and dynamic conditions, and move without falling, by adjusting motoric control CAO_00720 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-08 0:32:46 Locomotion Locomotion is the act of moving the body from one place to another. It requires input from the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, muscular power and joint and cardiovascular health. CAO_00721 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 4:00:23 Vestibular control The vestibular system transduces and processes angular and linear acceleration and deceleration of the head, enabling postural balance, locomotor control, and gaze stabilization, particularly during head movement. The vestibular system is an integral component of our sensory experience and sensory-motor function. Healthy peripheral and central vestibular anatomy is essential for functionally relevant gaze stability during head motion and postural control. CAO_00722 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 8:24:15 Life satisfaction One’s cognitive evaluation of life experiences; this measure is concerned with whether people like their lives or not. Life satisfaction includes both general (e.g., my life is going well) and domain-specific (e.g., I am satisfied with my family life) aspects. CAO_00723 Russ Poldrack 2013-01-23 21:45:09 Attentional bias Attention bias Attentional bias refers to the tendency for a particular class of stimuli to capture attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. CAO_00724 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-12 15:37:42 Reception of facial communication The capacity to perceive someone’s emotional state non-verbally based on facial expressions. Examples include affect recognition, facial recognition and characterization. CAO_00725 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 20:39:51 Productive facial communication The capacity to convey one’s emotional state non-verbally via facial expressions, including eye contact, expressive reciprocation, and gaze following. CAO_00726 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 21:04:09 Reception of non-facial communication The capacity to perceive social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc. CAO_00727 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 21:12:26 Production of non-facial communication The capacity to express social and emotional information based on modalities other than facial expression, including non-verbal gestures, affective prosody, distress calling, cooing, etc. CAO_00728 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 21:15:37 Agency The ability to recognize one’s self as the agent of one’s actions and thoughts, including the recognition of one’s own body-body parts. CAO_00729 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 22:51:27 Self knowledge The ability to make judgments about one’s current cognitive or emotional internal states, traits, and-or abilities. CAO_00730 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:08:15 Animacy perception The ability to appropriately perceive that another entity is an agent (i.e., has a face, interacts contingently, and exhibits biological motion). CAO_00731 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:12:44 Action perception The ability to perceive the purpose of an action being performed by an animate entity. CAO_00732 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:15:18 Understanding mental states The ability to make judgments and-or attributions about the mental state of other animate entities that allows one to predict or interpret their behaviors. Mental state refers to intentions, beliefs, desires, and emotions. CAO_00733 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:27:30 Circadian rhythm Endogenous, self-sustaining oscillations that organize the timing of biological systems to optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Circadian rhythms are synchronized by recurring environmental cues and attempt to anticipate the external environment. They also modulate homeostasis within the brain and other systems, tissues, and organs. CAO_00734 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:42:37 Sleep Sleep and wakefulness are endogenous, recurring, behavioral states that reflect coordinated changes in the dynamic functional organization of the brain and that optimize physiology, behavior, and health. Homeostatic and circadian processes regulate the propensity for wakefulness and sleep. Sleep is a reversible state, characterized by postural recumbence, behavioral quiescence, and reduced responsiveness. It involves predictable cycling of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). It is affected by experiences during wakefulness, and has restorative and transformative effects that optimize neurobehavioral functions during wakefulness. CAO_00735 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:46:52 Loss A state of deprivation of a motivationally significant con-specific, object, or situation. Loss may be social or non-social and may include permanent or sustained loss of shelter, behavioral control, status, loved ones, or relationships. The response to loss may be episodic (e.g., grief) or sustained. CAO_00736 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:48:53 Defensive aggression A response elicited by a real or perceived threat that leads to a pattern of behaviors directed at terminating the threat. CAO_00737 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:49:25 Offensive (proactive) aggression A response elicited by competition over resource acquisition or other positive consequences. This form of aggression often arises from differences in social status and dominance. CAO_00738 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:52:06 Reward valuation Processes by which the probability and benefits of a prospective outcome are computed and calibrated by reference to external information, social context (e.g., group input, counterfactual comparisons), and-or prior experience. This calibration is influenced by pre-existing biases, learning, memory, stimulus characteristics, and deprivation states. Reward valuation may involve the assignment of incentive salience to stimuli. CAO_00739 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:52:50 Effort valuation willingness to work Processes by which the cost(s) of obtaining an outcome is computed; tendency to overcome response costs to obtain a reinforcer. CAO_00740 Carinna Torgerson 2013-04-01 17:59:46 Reward learning A process by which organisms acquire information about stimuli, actions, and contexts that predict positive outcomes, and by which behavior is modified when a novel reward occurs or outcomes are better than expected. Reward learning is a type of reinforcement learning, and similar processes may be involved in learning related to negative reinforcement. CAO_00741 Russ Poldrack 2015-09-21 20:21:57 Semantic network ontology Set of concepts and relations CAO_00742 Faraz Farzin 2013-05-29 23:33:46 Cognitive training Targeted exercises designed to help improve mental capacities. CAO_00743 Faraz Farzin 2013-05-29 23:35:03 Emotion regulation The ability to have control over and change emotional responses, such as feelings and behaviors associated with them. CAO_00744 Faraz Farzin 2013-05-29 23:36:14 Neuroplasticity The brainand#39;s ability to change in structure and function through experience. CAO_00745 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-10 19:02:51 Restricted behavior repetitive behavior stereotyped behavior A restricted behavior is a stereotyped pattern of behavior, activity, or interest. Examples include preoccupation with an object, activity, or topic, and this preoccupation is abnormal in intensity or focus. Individuals with restricted behaviors may find it challenging to break away from habit or routine. CAO_00746 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-12 15:42:09 Social motivation An individualand#39;s tendency to seek out direct contact with another person or a group of people. CAO_00747 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-20 16:42:38 Irritability agitation anger grumpy moodiness short tempered testy The quality or state of being agitated, testy, grumpy, moody, or having a short temper. CAO_00748 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-20 16:45:27 Lethargy slow socially withdrawn a lack of energy or enthusiasm. In a social context, this means being socially withdrawn. CAO_00749 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 16:36:28 Hyperactivity movement non-compliance restlessness a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement, and commonly non-compliance CAO_00750 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-20 16:49:12 Inappropriate speech dialogue, either to oneself or others, that is not appropriate or suitable to the current situation CAO_00751 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-20 19:58:37 Internalizing anxiety depression negativity worry focusing negative energy on the self, often through holding back emotion, often leading to less than ideal emotional states (worry, anxiety, negativity and depression). These states are frequently present in autistic children. CAO_00752 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-20 19:56:51 Externalizing attribution bias attributing cause to factors outside of the self CAO_00753 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 20:27:27 Conduct disorder antisocial callous unemotional Lacking regard for others and callous, unemotional. Characterized by repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated. CAO_00754 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 20:32:12 Antisocial personality hermit introvert avoiding the company of other people, unsociable, sometimes to the extent of injuring others or the interests of society in general CAO_00755 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 20:36:31 Defiance disobedient oppositional bold resistance to an opposing force, power, or authority, expressed through behavior and attitude CAO_00756 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 20:39:54 Obsession compulsive preoccupation with a fixed idea or an unwanted feeling or emotion, often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety CAO_00757 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 20:44:40 Social phobia embarrassment having a fear so strong of being judged by others and of being embarrassed that it significantly gets in the way of everyday life CAO_00758 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-21 21:06:19 Rigidity unable to stray from a particular pattern of behavior or thought CAO_00759 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-22 21:19:34 Agreeableness cooperative kind sympathetic warm Agreeableness is a personality trait manifesting itself in individual behavioral characteristics that are perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm and considerate. http:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Agreeableness CAO_00760 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-22 21:22:25 Openness curious imaginative open Openness to experience is one of the domains which are used to describe human personality in the Five Factor Model. Openness involves active imagination, aesthetic sensitivity, attentiveness to inner feelings, preference for variety, and intellectual curiosity. http:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Openness-to-experience CAO_00761 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-23 15:27:34 Psychosis A kind of disordered thinking for which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality. CAO_00762 Vanessa Sochat 2013-09-23 15:28:51 Paranoia delusional a mental condition characterized by delusions of persecution, unwarranted jealousy, or exaggerated self-importance, typically elaborated into an organized system. It may be an aspect of chronic personality disorder, of drug abuse, or of a serious condition such as schizophrenia in which the person loses touch with reality. CAO_00763 Julio Alberto Gonzlez Torre 2013-09-24 2:50:04 Phonological awareness Explicit awareness of the abstract units that compose spoken words, including syllables, onset and rime units, and individual phonemes. CAO_00764 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 18:04:15 Guilt remorse a cognitive or an emotional experience that occurs when a person realizes or believes (whether it is true or not) that he or she has compromised his or her own standards of conduct or has violated a moral standard, and bears significant responsibility for that violation. CAO_00765 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 18:05:02 Anhedonia lack of interest CAO_00766 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 18:06:00 Appetite hunger the desire to eat food CAO_00767 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 18:07:14 Fatigue tiredness a feeling of weariness, tiredness, or lack of energy CAO_00768 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 18:08:10 Suicidal ideation suicidal suicidal thoughts thoughts about or an unusual preoccupation with suicide CAO_00769 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-14 20:50:01 Perfectionism a personality trait characterized by a personand#39;s striving for flawlessness and setting excessively high performance standards, accompanied by overly critical self-evaluations and concerns regarding othersand#39; evaluations. CAO_00770 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-15 18:38:01 Eating appetite food preference An individualand#39;s preferences for food or general appetite. CAO_00771 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-15 18:43:29 Sensory defensiveness sensitivity a condition defined as having and#34;a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to sensory input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritatingand#34; to neurotypical people.and#34; CAO_00772 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-15 18:48:57 Sensitivity to change flexibility tolerance an individualand#39;s ability to withstand changes in his or her environment or situation. CAO_00773 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-15 18:53:50 Noise sensitivity auditory sensitivity having a tendency to react negatively or with alarm to noise input which is generally considered harmless or non-irritating to neurotypical individuals. CAO_00774 Vanessa Sochat 2013-12-02 22:44:50 Loneliness alone isolation solitary loneliness is a complex and unpleasant emotional response to isolation or lack of companionship. http:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Loneliness CAO_00775 Julio Alberto Gonzlez Torre 2013-12-21 19:54:23 Phonological processing Refers to the use of phonological information (i.e., the sound of oneand#39;s language) in processing written and oral language. CAO_00776 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:54:21 Conflict adaptation effect conflict adaptation trial-to-trial conflict effect The congruency effect after incongruent trials is reduced when compared with congruent trials. It is a trial-to-trial effect. Originally reported by Gratton, Coles, and Donchin (1992; as refered by van Steenbergen, 2010; Psychological Science). Thus: (iI-iC) CAO_00777 Patrick Bissett 2015-12-30 18:49:26 Sentence recognition assigning a detected sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00778 Corey White 2015-03-30 20:45:37 Goal selection CAO_00779 Patrick Bissett 2015-11-23 1:13:26 Discrimination Responding differently to stimuli that differ in some aspect CAO_00780 Corey White 2015-04-05 20:47:53 Stimulus detection It is the ability to discern between information-bearing patterns and random patterns that distract from the information CAO_00781 Corey White 2015-04-13 22:30:24 Visual localization Localization of visually perceived objects relative to other visually perceived objects (either simultaneously or successively) or relative to a visual norm, or by absolute identification. CAO_00782 Corey White 2015-04-05 20:59:50 Perceptual priming is based on the form of the stimulus and is enhanced by the match between the early and later stimuli. CAO_00783 Corey White 2015-04-05 20:55:28 Spatial localization it is the reference of a visual sensation to a definite locality in space CAO_00784 Corey White 2015-04-03 22:09:06 Limited capacity CAO_00785 Corey White 2015-04-03 22:18:35 Interference control CAO_00786 Russ Poldrack 2015-09-21 20:47:15 Exogenous attention stimulus-driven attention ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00787 Corey White 2015-04-07 22:13:08 Object-based attention refers to the relationship between an ‘object’ representation and a person’s visually stimulated, selective attention CAO_00788 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:04:24 Localization write definition here CAO_00789 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:24:53 Conceptual priming Conceptual priming is based on the meaning of a stimulus and is enhanced by semantic tasks. For example, table, will show priming effects on chair, because table and chair belong to the same category. CAO_00790 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:20:41 Positive priming refers to increased speed of processing of priming caused by simply experiencing the stimulus CAO_00791 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:08:42 Repetition priming refers to the finding that an initial presentation of a stimulus influences the way in which an individual will respond to that stimulus when it is presented at a later time. CAO_00792 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:11:44 Semantic priming is where we process stimuli better depending on what comes first. CAO_00793 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-19 20:40:18 Associative priming In associative priming, the target is a word that has a high probability of appearing with the prime, and is and#34;associatedand#34; with it but not necessarily related in semantic features. CAO_00794 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:17:23 Response priming denotes a special form of visuomotor priming effect in which prime and target are presented in quick succession CAO_00795 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:20:30 Kindness priming is a specific form of priming that occurs when a subject experiences an act of kindness and subsequently experiences a lower threshold of activation when subsequently encountering positive stimuli. CAO_00796 Corey White 2015-04-05 21:22:41 Negative priming is a kind of priming in which the speed of processing is slower than unprimed levels. It is caused by experiencing the stimulus and then ignoring it CAO_00797 Corey White 2015-04-07 22:16:11 Feature-based attention direct limited processing resources on those sensory inputs that are most relevant for the task at hand CAO_00798 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-30 3:44:31 Punishment processing negative feedback punish punishment the authoritative imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, in response to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed unacceptable or threatening to some norm (from Wikipedia.org) CAO_00799 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-23 21:45:20 Shape recognition the ability to perceive a shape CAO_00800 Russ Poldrack 2015-05-20 21:24:25 Relational comparison relational matching Comparison of two stimuli based on a relational feature CAO_00801 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:06:59 Animacy decision decision about whether a stimulus exhibits animacy CAO_00802 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:30:12 Auditory tone detection sound detection tone detection determining the presence of an auditory stimulus such as a sound or tone CAO_00803 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:27:42 Auditory tone discrimination sound discrimination tone discrimination It is the ability to perceive and respond to differences among auditory stimuli CAO_00804 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:41:22 Body maintenance keeping information about the body in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00805 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:51:36 Color recognition assigning a detected color stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00806 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:55:59 Decision certainty the confidence of knowledge regarding the likelihood of an outcome. CAO_00807 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:43:01 Economic value processing the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the economic value of two or more options. CAO_00808 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:31:55 Emotional face recognition The process of determining whether an emotional face is the same as another face that has been previously encountered. CAO_00809 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-12 20:59:48 Emotional reappraisal ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00810 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-12 21:00:05 Emotional self-evaluation ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00811 Namaa Friedman 2015-08-29 13:15:58 Dyslexia reading impairment Dyslexia is a reading impairment. There are currently 17 known types of dyslexia, each resulting from a different component of the reading process, each with different error types and different characteristics. Dyslexia can result from brain damage after reading has been acquired (acquired dyslexia), or can be present from birth (developmental dyslexia). CAO_00812 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:22:42 Feature comparison Comparison of stimuli based on a shared feature. CAO_00813 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:21:59 Loss anticipation prior expectation of the occurrence of a loss, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction CAO_00814 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:23:59 Motion detection to determine the presence of motion. CAO_00815 Patrick Bissett 2015-11-30 4:18:55 Implicit learning the acquisition of knowledge in an incidental manner without awareness. CAO_00816 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:01:32 Negative emotion ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00817 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:37:35 Negative feedback processing Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed negative salience in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics. CAO_00818 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:01:04 Numerical scale judgment ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00819 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:14:54 Object maintenance The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00820 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 20:47:55 Oddball detection anomaly detection outlier detection detecting patterns in a given data set that do not conform to an established normal behavior. CAO_00821 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:13:58 Pattern maintenance The process of keeping pattern information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00822 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:42:17 Place maintenance scene maintenance keeping information about a scene or place in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00823 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:36:21 Positive feedback processing Evaluating a piece of information that has externally ascribed positive value in terms of meaning or associations to other concepts as opposed to surface or incidental characteristics. CAO_00824 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:48:07 Potential monetary loss A potential negative return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. CAO_00825 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:33:18 Potential monetary reward potential cash reward A potential positive return in the form of money for performance of a specific behavior. CAO_00826 Patrick Bissett 2015-10-30 5:46:02 Proactive control Top down modulation of cognitive processes in anticipation of future goals or task demands. Often involves reaction time slowing CAO_00827 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:14:19 Reinforcement learning the modification of the value placed on potential stimulus-action combinations based on the outcomes associated with those actions in the past CAO_00828 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:57:34 Resistance to distractor inference ADD DEFINITION HERE CAO_00829 Patrick Bissett 2015-10-30 5:43:32 Response conflict The coactivation of competing response alternatives CAO_00830 Vanessa Sochat 2015-08-14 22:52:43 Response execution action execution Performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a specific overt behavior CAO_00831 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:21:20 Reward anticipation prior expectation of the occurrence of a reward, sometimes accompanied by an emotional reaction CAO_00832 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:57:07 Risk processing danger processing threat processing the extraction of information about the potential or current risk associated with a stimulus CAO_00833 Patrick Bissett 2015-10-30 5:35:00 Selective control Top-down modulation of specific response output or of specific stimuli in the environment. CAO_00834 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:34:07 Semantic categorization The assignment of a semantic stimulus to one of a set of categories. CAO_00835 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:17:52 Spatial selective attention The process of dedicating cognitive and perceptual resources to one or more spatial inputs and attenuating receptiveness to other inputs. CAO_00836 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:15:49 String maintenance consonant maintenance The process of keeping string (e.g., consonant) information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00837 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:02:37 Task difficulty the perceived effort required to complete some mental or physical activity CAO_00838 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:41:47 Tool maintenance keeping information about a tool in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00839 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:37:36 Visual body recognition assigning a detected visual body into a category, not necessarily task defined CAO_00840 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:04:10 Visual color discrimination the identification of differences in color amongst visual stimuli CAO_00841 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:35:19 Visual face recognition assigning a detected visual face into a category, not necessarily task defined CAO_00842 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:03:28 Visual form discrimination the identification of differences among visual forms. CAO_00843 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:32:28 Visual form recognition assigning a detected visual form into a category, not necessarily task defined CAO_00844 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:35:10 Visual number recognition assigning a visually detected number stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00845 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:58:51 Visual object detection visual detection of instances of objects of a certain class (such as humans, buildings, cars, etc.). CAO_00846 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:22:03 Visual pattern recognition The process of identifying a meaningful pattern in visual stimuli. CAO_00847 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:29:31 Visual recognition assigning a visually detected stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00848 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:44:48 Visual place recognition assigning a detected visual place or scene into a category, not necessarily task defined CAO_00849 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 20:38:21 Visual tool recognition assigning a detected visual tool into a category, not necessarily task defined CAO_00850 Marc Brysbaert 2015-08-28 6:54:27 Visual word recognition the ability to read (and understand) written words CAO_00851 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 21:12:57 Word maintenance The process of keeping word information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00852 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-25 21:31:30 Intertemporal choice the study of how people make choices about what and how much to do at various points in time, when choices at one time influence the possibilities available at other points in time. https:--en.wikipedia.org-?title=Intertemporal-choice CAO_00853 Paul Glimcher 2015-09-01 15:40:40 Subjective value judgment the process of comparing, at an idiosyncratic level, the relatively desirability of two or more options or the internal idiosyncratic value represented internally for such a judgement CAO_00854 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-25 21:33:39 Phonological comparison write definition here CAO_00855 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:10:06 Visual pseudoword recognition the reading of written letter strings that follow the phonotactic rules of the written language CAO_00856 Vanessa Sochat 2015-08-14 23:02:30 Phonological assembly WRITE DEFINITION HERE CAO_00857 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:46:17 Visual letter recognition assigning a visually detected letter stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00858 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-25 21:37:53 Overt naming write definition here CAO_00859 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:51:10 Arithmetic processing numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an input with discrete or continuous salience. CAO_00860 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:54:33 Auditory sentence recognition assigning an detected sound stimulus in the form of a sentence into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00861 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:57:12 Right hand response execution Performance of an action with the right hand in accordance with task demands. CAO_00862 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:58:29 Visual sentence recognition assigning a visually detected sentence stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00863 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:01:47 Left hand response execution Performance of an action with the left hand in accordance with task demands. CAO_00864 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:03:49 Facial happiness recognition The process of assigning the emotion of happiness to a stimulus. CAO_00865 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:05:02 Facial age recognition The process of assigning an age to a stimulus based on evaluation of a face. CAO_00866 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:05:50 Facial attractiveness recognition The process of evaluating the physical aesthetic of a face. CAO_00867 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:06:54 Facial trustworthiness recognition The process of evaluating the degree of trust based on the features or holistic representation of a face. CAO_00868 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-02 22:40:38 Facial recognition identifying the existence of a face CAO_00869 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 16:51:37 Social inference write definition here CAO_00870 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:38:53 Visual object maintenance The process of keeping object information in active and immediately accessible state. CAO_00871 Laura Nynke van der Laan 2015-09-04 22:50:57 Subjective food value self-reported food liking self-reported food pleasantness Subjective food value is used as term to indicate a foodand#39;s worth, based on an individualsand#39; current desires and needs (e.g., hunger). Subjective food value assessment is an intermediate step during food decision making. CAO_00872 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-09 23:56:02 Response bias A behavioral phenomena for which a participant in an experiment is biased to respond in a particular way. ** Concepts in the Cognitive Atlas that are more behavioral in nature should be tagged as and#34;behavioral phenomenaand#34; CAO_00873 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:16:25 Monetary reward prediction error the difference between expected and received monetary reward CAO_00874 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:40:43 Tone recognition assigning a detected tone stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00875 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:41:39 Auditory arithmetic processing numerical calculations or derivation of numbers in response to an auditory input with discrete or continuous salience. CAO_00876 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:42:29 Right finger response execution Performance of an action using the right finger in accordance with task demands. CAO_00877 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:42:54 Left finger response execution Performance of an action using the left finger in accordance with task demands. CAO_00878 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:43:19 Right toe response execution Performance of an action using the right toe in accordance with task demands. CAO_00879 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:43:39 Left toe response execution Performance of an action using the left toe in accordance with task demands. CAO_00880 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-09 0:44:14 Tongue response execution Performance of an action using the tongue in accordance with task demands. CAO_00881 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-27 23:07:32 Working memory updating WRITE DEFINITION HERE CAO_00882 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:14:40 Working memory maintenance the active retention of information in a short-term memory store CAO_00883 Laura Nynke van der Laan 2015-09-04 23:11:59 High energy density food recognition When a (familiar) food is encountered, an estimation of energy content and expected satiation is made based on an individualand#39;s earlier experiences and nutritional knowledge. CAO_00884 Vanessa Sochat 2015-08-09 6:39:10 Story comprehension WRITE DEFINITION HERE CAO_00885 Vanessa Sochat 2015-08-09 6:51:33 Face maintenance WRITE DEFINITION HERE CAO_00886 Namaa Friedman 2015-08-29 13:24:15 Surface dyslexia surface dyslexia is a reading impairment, which can be acquired or developmental. It results from a deficit in the lexical route for word reading. As a result, the reader needs to rely on the sublexical for reading, reading by converting each letter or group of letters (grapheme) to a sound (phoneme). Surface dyslexia is characterised by slow reading (because reading via grapheme-to-phoneme conversion is slower than reading via the lexical route); it is also characterised by incorrect reading aloud of irregular words (such as talk, sure, none, and comb). CAO_00887 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-18 17:06:22 Detection to determine the presence of a stimulus CAO_00888 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-09 0:07:48 Risk aversion when exposed to uncertainty, behavior that attempts to reduce that uncertainty. BEHAVIORAL PHENOMENA CAO_00889 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:58:25 Confidence judgment Assessing the confidence or certainty of a decision CAO_00890 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:19:04 Visual string recognition the ability to read (and understand) written strings of letters that do not follow the phonotactic rules of the language (which distinguishes it from visual word-pseudoword recognition) CAO_00891 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 17:04:52 Auditory tone perception sound perception tone perception the registration of an auditory tone CAO_00892 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 22:48:18 Vocal response execution performance of an action in accordance with task demands, enacting a vocal behavior CAO_00893 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-08 23:00:15 Auditory recognition assigning a detected sound stimulus into a category (not necessarily task defined) CAO_00894 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:21:47 Numerical comparison Mental comparison of numerical quantities CAO_00895 Patrick Bissett 2015-12-22 17:02:27 Decision uncertainty CAO_00896 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 15:56:02 Decision under uncertainty decision under ambiguity A decision in which the likelihood of possible outcomes is unknown or uncertain. CAO_00897 Russ Poldrack 2015-12-30 16:19:25 Context representation The representation of features other than the primary stimulus that are relevant to a decision CAO_00898 Patrick Bissett 2015-12-22 20:22:02 Emotional enhancement A process to increase or enhance the impact of an emotion on ones current conscious state or behavior. CAO_00899 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 21:53:32 Motor praxis Mouse Practice Mpraxis A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants can’t complete the MPraxis, it is likely they won’t be able to complete any other WebCNP task. CAO_00900 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 19:29:33 Delayed memory task DMT a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed by a greater period of time than that in its complement, the immediate memory task, that contains distractor stimuli. CAO_00901 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-28 23:04:18 Regulated heat stimulation The general task design is that a heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. For this task, there are 9 runs. Runs 1,2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 9 are “passive experience” runs, meaning that participants passively experience and rate the heat stimuli. Run 3 and 7 are “regulation” runs, meaning that participants can cognitively “increase” (regulate-up) or “decrease” (regulate-down) pain intensity. For complete details, see: http:--journals.plos.org-plosbiology-article?id=10.1371-journal.pbio.1002036 CAO_00902 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:01:54 2-stage decision task two-stage decision task Subjects participate in a two-stage decision task where they make a binary choice in each stage (stage 1andamp;2) and probabilistically receive reward after the final stage (stage 2). First-stage choices are primarily associated with one of two second-stages (labeled 2a and 2b): one first-stage choice leads to 2a 70% of the time and 2b 30% of the time, while the opposite is true of the other first-stage choice. Each second-stage choice has its own probability of reward (constantly changing via a random-walk). The ultimate goal of the subject is to maximize reward, which are only given during the second stage. The ideal subject would identify the most rewarding second-stage stimulus and make first-stage choices that make it more likely to arrive at the relevant second stage. CAO_00903 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:12:37 Backward masking a phenomenon wherein presenting one stimulus (a and#34;maskand#34; or and#34;masking stimulusand#34;) immediately after another brief (≤ 50 ms) and#34;targetand#34; stimulus leads to a failure to consciously perceive the first stimulus. CAO_00904 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:22:40 Size match task participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size CAO_00905 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 20:44:35 Adaptive n-back task A variant of the n-back task, each trial consists of letters (b,d,g,t,v) presented in successive order. Subjects must press a button if the current letter matches the letter that occurred n trials ago (regardless of capitalization). N varies according to a staircase tracking method that increases as subjects accurately respond and decrease as subjects make errors. CAO_00906 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:27:36 Object decision task participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal CAO_00907 Vanessa Sochat 2015-11-28 22:51:02 Incentive modulated antisaccade task The basic antisaccade task is as follows: Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade). For this version (from Figure 1 of http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S1878929311000612) At the onset of each AS trial, participants were first presented with one of two incentive cues (1500 ms) (Fig. 1). For rewarded trials, the cue consisted of three rectangles containing dollar signs ($ $ $), indicating that money could be earned on that trial if correctly performed. Participants were told that they could win up to US $25 based on their performance during the task. However, they did not know how much they could win on any given trial in order to prevent them from keeping a running tally of their earnings and invoking processes (i.e. working memory) separate from inhibitory control and reward processing. For neutral trials, the three consecutive rectangles each contained a dash (– – –), which indicated that no monetary gain was at stake for that trial. After the initial cue, a central red fixation cross subtending ∼0.7° of visual angle appeared (3000 ms), instructing participants to prepare for the target stimulus. The red central fixation then disappeared and a horizontally peripheral target stimulus (yellow spot, subtending ∼0.5°) appeared (1500 ms) at an unpredictable location on the horizontal meridian (±3°, 6°, or 9°). Participants were instructed to refrain from looking at the stimulus when it appeared but instead move their eyes to its mirror location. Target location was randomized within each run. During the VGS trials, participants were presented with a green fixation cross (1500 ms) which instructed them to look toward the peripheral stimulus when it appeared. No incentive cue was provided for VGS trials. The VGS trials were randomly interspersed between the AS trials to minimize the possibility that participants would establish an inhibitory response set (Velanova et al., 2009), but were not further analyzed. As indicated in previous studies, (Ollinger et al., 2001b and Ollinger et al., 2001a), the inter-trial fixation period was jittered between intervals of 1.5, 3, or 4.5 s (uniformly distributed) and consisted of participants simply fixating a central white cross on a black background. Participants performed three functional runs of the task (5 min 2 s each in duration) for a total of 30 reward AS trials, 30 neutral AS trials and 15 VGS trials. CAO_00908 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:25:26 Overlapping figures task participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures CAO_00909 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:08:33 Meditation task Participants perform meditation either according to a particular school or undirected in conjunction with cognitive, behavioral, and-or physiological measures. CAO_00910 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 17:51:16 Trace conditioning a form of classical conditioning in which the presentation of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus is separated in time by an interstimulus interval. CAO_00911 Carinna Torgerson 2012-11-27 0:39:38 Hungry donkey task The Hungry Donkey Task is a version of Becheraand#39;s Iowa Gambling Task for children; it is a test in the areas of cognition andamp; emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage. The experiment is often computerized and is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. A donkey chooses from four doors, each with a cost or reward in apples. The objective is to give the donkey the most apples possible. CAO_00912 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 20:53:54 Image monitoring Subjects are serially presented 3 different images (colored squares). Subjects must monitor the repetitions of these images and press a button when any image reaches 4 repetitions. CAO_00913 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:00:13 2nd-order rule acquisition 2nd-order decision task second-order rule acquisition In this task, subjects are presented with 18 stimuli composed of three dimensions: 3 shapes, 3 orientations and 2 colored borders. Subjects had to learn one of three key responses for each of the 18 stimuli. In the and#34;flatand#34; condition, the 18 stimuli to 3 responses mapping was arbitrary, requiring subjects to individually learn each of the 18 associations. In a hierarchical condition, the colored borders indicated whether and#34;orientationand#34; or and#34;shapeand#34; determined the response. This simplifies performance if subjects learn this hierarchical structure. CAO_00914 Carinna Torgerson 2012-11-28 0:40:42 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT) psychomotor vigilance task PVT This task measures sustained attention and reaction time. A light blinks randomly and the subject is asked to press a button when the they see it. The focus is not on how quickly the subject notices the light, but how often the subject doesnand#39;t notice the light. It is often used to study the effects of sleep deprivation and sleep debt. CAO_00915 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:24:11 Orientation match task participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation CAO_00916 Christian Battista 2009-11-09 22:44:10 Vandenberg & kuse tasks Paper and pencil Test of mental rotation ability. Participants must are presented with four 3-D block figures and must select 2 from the group which match a reference figure. This test is administered under time contraints. A male advantage is typically seen on this type of task, as measured by test accuracy. CAO_00917 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 18:57:39 Color-word stroop task Stroop color naming task Stroop color-word interference task Stroop color-word task A task in which single words (including names of colors) are presented in colored ink, and the subject is asked to name the color of the ink as quickly as possible. The ink color may either match or conflict with the color name. Accuracy and response time are measured. CAO_00918 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-18 18:39:46 Continuous performance task CPT PCPT A task in which subjects are presented with a stream of letters, and must respond to one of the letters and refrain from responding to any other letters. The Penn Continuous Performance Test (PCPT) uses a standard CPT paradigm. The participant responds to a set of 7-segment displays presented 1-sec., whenever they form a digit (NUMBERS, initial 3 min) or letter (LETTERS, next 3 min). The number of true positive responses is recorded as the accuracy score and the median response time for true positive responses is the measure of attention speed. CAO_00919 Joseph Devlin 2010-01-31 20:19:46 Word-picture verification task is an experimental paradigm where a picture of an object is presented along with either an auditory or written word and participants indicate whether the word and the picture refer to the same concept. It is typically used as a test of semantic memory integrity. CAO_00920 Deanna Lau 2010-02-11 23:49:54 Block design test the block design test is a subtest of perceptual reasoning index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV. The block design test measures spatial perception, visual abstract processing, and problem solving. CAO_00921 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:36:46 Embedded figures test In the embedded figures test, the research participant is shown a complex background figure and asked to describe it. After this, the participant is shown a target (such as the outline of a triangle) and asked to locate the target amid the background figure. CAO_00922 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:34:20 Same-different task same-different matching task A task which assesses shifting attention. In the computerized version of this task, three spaceships appear on a screen and the participant must determine if the spaceships are all different or all the same. The spaceships can differ in color, size, or shape type. There are three levels of difficulty. In the first level, the spaceships must all be identical to be considered the same. In the second level of difficulty, the spaceships are considered the same even if they only share two qualities, and in the third difficulty level, the spaceships only need to share one quality to be considered the same. Auditory feedback is given after each response notifying the child whether their answer was correct. CAO_00923 Deanna Lau 2010-02-23 20:11:01 Chimeric animal stroop task chimerical animal Stroop test A task in which participants are shown pictures of chimeric animals (such as a duckand#39;s head attached to a cowand#39;s body) and asked to name animal that the head belongs to while ignoring the identity of the body, or vice versa. CAO_00924 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-10 14:32:03 Rapid automatized naming test RAN and#34;Participants are required to name, as rapidly as possible, items presented visually on a chart. Each chart contains five rows of 10 stimuli from a category of five items. Categories include colors, lowercase letters, digits, and common objects. The tests are scored for total number of errors and time in seconds taken to complete each chart.and#34; - (Meyer, Wood, Hart, andamp; Felton 1998) CAO_00925 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:30:42 Underlining test This test involves finding and underlining stimuli among other stimuli. There are four conditions of the test: finding and underlining letters among other letters, drawings among other drawings, real words among nonsense letter strings, and then specific nonsense words among others. CAO_00926 Deanna Lau 2010-02-25 18:45:51 Wisc-r mazes This task involves completing a series of increasingly complex mazes. CAO_00927 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 19:18:30 Rapid serial object transformation A task where two sets of differently colored superimposed patterns of dots rotate in opposite directions. The participant is asked to pay attention to on set of dots. One of the sets of dots will then move across the screen and the participant must say which direction the dots are moving. CAO_00928 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-21 22:10:30 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence The WASI meets the demand for a reliable, brief measure of intellectual ability in clinical, educational and research settings for ages 6 to 89 years. With parallel forms of WAIS-IIIUK and WISC-IIIUK subtests, it offers the clinician a means of reducing practice effects on repeat testing. It yields traditional verbal, performance and full scale IQ scores and is linked to the WISC-IIIUK and WAIS-IIIUK. The WASI allows you to choose whether to use the four or two subtest format. CAO_00929 Nolan Nichols 2010-03-08 8:11:23 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition Areas of Assessment Updated Test Structure The WMS-IV has had significant changes to the overall test structure. Based on feedback from customers, we are introducing four new subtests and modifying three existing subtests. 4 subtests were added: * Spatial Addition * Symbol Span * Design Memory * General Cognitive Screener 3 subtests retained with modifications: * Logical Memory Although the stories remain the same as seen in WMS-III for ages 16-69 years old, the repetition trial for Story B has been dropped to increase the consistency with previous editions. For the older age range of 65-90 years old, a new story was developed with content more relevant. The story is shorter and repeated once to enable adequate floor through age 90. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores. * Verbal Paired Associates It now includes a combination of difficult and easy items. For the younger age group (16-69 years) there are 14 items of which 10 are hard. For the older age group (65-90 years), there are 10 items of which six are hard. Delayed Free Recall Trial has been added while Recognition Trial has increased its level of difficulty. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores. * Visual Reproduction While following the same structure and format as seen in WMS-III, there have been a few changes to the subtest. Recognition Trial has been shortened and scoring has been improved. Based on Munro Cullum’s research, scoring is easier and faster than previously experienced and emphasizes recall with less focus on drawing accuracy. You can obtain immediate versus delay and recognition versus delay contrast scores. 8 subtests were eliminated: * Information andamp; Orientation * Spatial Span * Mental Control * Faces * Digit Span * Family Pictures * Letter Number * Word List (CVLT-II can be entered int CAO_00930 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:11:21 Microcog a commercially developed computerized assessment battery designed to detect early signs of cognitive impairment CAO_00931 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-10 14:30:02 Letter number sequencing letter-number sequencing a task that requires the reordering of an initially unordered set of letters and numbers CAO_00932 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-14 19:07:09 Oculomotor delayed response a task that requires an eye movement to be made to a cued location after a delay CAO_00933 Jason Finley 2013-08-15 19:54:49 Operation span task OSPAN A task in which subjects are asked to perform a simple mathematical verification (e.g., 4-2 +1 = 3) and then read a word, with a recall test following some number of those verify-read pairs. The maximum number of words that can be recalled is the and#34;operation spanand#34;. CAO_00934 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-16 21:38:48 Reading span task A task that requires participants to read series of unconnected sentences aloud and to remember the final word of each sentence of a series (grouped according to the total number of sentences). With each sentence presented on a card, participants were cued to recall the memorized end-of-sentence words in their original order by a blank card at the end of a series. The number of sentences of a series was incrementally increased until a participantand#39;s reading span, or the maximum number of final words correctly recalled, was found. (From http:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Reading-span-task) CAO_00935 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-16 21:40:33 Listening span task A task in which subjects must listen to a set of sentences and remember the last word in the sentence. The number of words that can be recalled is the and#34;listening span.and#34; CAO_00936 Corey White 2015-04-18 21:23:42 Ax-cpt task Continuous performance Test - AX version A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are and#34;target trialsand#34;; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are and#34;Non-target trialsand#34; in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe (and#34;AYand#34; type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe (and#34;BXand#34; or and#34;BYand#34; probes, respectively). CAO_00937 Vanessa Sochat 2015-09-21 22:51:51 Self ordered pointing task SOPT self ordered pointing task A task in which a set of stimuli is presented, and subjects must point to one stimulus at a time, without ever pointing at the same stimulus twice. CAO_00938 Russ Poldrack 2010-07-16 21:49:57 Keep-track task A task in which subjects are first shown a set of categories to keep track of for a particular trial (e.g., animals, colors, and countries). They are then presented with words (including words from each category), and must remember the last word that was presented from each of the categories and recall those words at the end of the trial. CAO_00939 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:00:30 Acupuncture task subjects are monitored for their cognitive, behavioral, and-or physiological responses to stimulation with filamentous needles CAO_00940 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:20:54 Braille reading task Blind subjects read Braille words with their finger(s). CAO_00941 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 18:47:29 Breath-holding The subject is cued to breathe in and then hold their breath for an extended period of time. CAO_00942 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:06:15 Chewing-swallowing Subjects chew an oral stimulus that is not food (e.g., gum) or swallow their own saliva. If the oral stimulus is food or liquid that is swallowed, then the correct paradigm class is eating-drinking CAO_00943 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 19:11:32 Pavlovian conditioning task classical conditioning task participants encounter a stimulus (designated the and#34;conditional stimulusand#34; or CS and being one without inherent significance) is paired with an unconditional stimulus or US, so named because it is biologically significant (e.g. food, sex, drug, pain), so that the participant responds to the former in a way that conveys his or her association of the two; subtypes of classical conditioning vary the temporal relationship between the CS and US. CAO_00944 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-27 22:46:15 Counting-calculation Subjects count, add, subtract, multiply, or divide various stimuli (numbers, bars, dots, etc). CAO_00945 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-27 22:45:43 Cued explicit recognition Subjects view a list of items (words, pictures, sounds, or abstract patterns) prior to scanning. During scanning, probe words are presented and subject recall if the words are familiar or unfamiliar. CAO_00946 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:49:05 Deception task Subjects are asked to perform a task and either lie or be truthful in their responses. CAO_00947 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:48:54 Deductive reasoning task Participants generate or evaluate conclusions based on given or well-known premises. CAO_00948 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:41:12 Divided auditory attention divided attention test During the performance of an unrelated task, subjects simultaneously respond to auditory stimuli (tone or word discrimination, with or without distractors). Also often co-coded with Tone Monitor-Discrimination. CAO_00949 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:43:07 Drawing Subjects draw lines, circles, or drawings using a pen or stylus. CAO_00950 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:36:25 Eating-drinking CAO_00951 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:36:56 Encoding task Subjects view stimuli (words, pictures, letters) and are instructed to memorize them. CAO_00952 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:37:05 Episodic recall Subjects recall items from episodic memory (autobiographical history, long-term event memories). This class is commonly used in generating a type of emotion linked to a specific memory. This class does NOT include tasks which probe semantic memory (memory of facts or concepts) in which subjects are asked to recall stimuli that were memorized prior to scanning - those are coded as Cued Explicit Recognition. CAO_00953 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:33:23 Face monitor-discrimination Subjects are presented with human faces and are instructed to view them passively or discriminate according to their order, gender, location, emotion, or appearance. If the subjects view the faces passively, then the experiment is NOT co-coded with Passive Viewing. CAO_00954 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:33:33 Film viewing Subjects view movie or film clips passively or are required to make a discrimination when the clip is over. CAO_00955 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:33:47 Finger tapping task Subjects tap their fingers according to a visual, auditory, or no cue. CAO_00956 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:34:05 Fixation task Subjects fixate on a visual target. CAO_00957 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:34:33 Flashing checkerboard Subjects view a flashing checkerboard. CAO_00958 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:35:12 Flexion-extension Subjects move (flex and extend) their hands, arms, legs, feet, lips, tongue, etc. CAO_00959 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 19:43:21 Free word list recall Participants view a list of words and after a delay are asked to freely recall the words presented. CAO_00960 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:32:07 Grasping task Subjects grasped or gripped a presented stimulus with their hand or mimicked grasping one that was not physically presented (i.e., was imaginary or presented as a picture or video). CAO_00961 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:17:21 Imagined movement Subjects imagine performing some movement (e.g., finger tapping, reaching). CAO_00962 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:17:41 Imagined objects-scenes Subject generate vivid images of objects, places, concepts, hypothetical events (not in their past), or the completion of tasks. CAO_00963 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:20:04 Isometric force Subjects use their hands or fingers to apply isometric force or complete a precision grip task. CAO_00964 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:05:33 Mental rotation task Subjects view visual stimuli (2D or 3D) and determine whether and to what extent they are rotated between trials. CAO_00965 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:58:01 Micturition task Subjects think about voiding urine, provide urine samples, or keep a micturition diary. CAO_00966 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 18:11:14 Music comprehension-production Subjects listen to music passively or are asked to sing overtly. CAO_00967 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:49:56 Naming (covert) Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently CAO_00968 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:50:06 Naming (overt) overt naming task reading aloud task Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud. CAO_00969 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:47:57 Non-painful electrical stimulation Subjects are electrically stimulated below pain threshold. CAO_00970 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:48:26 Non-painful thermal stimulation Subjects experience thermal stimulation (heat) below pain threshold. CAO_00971 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:45:25 Olfactory monitoring-discrimination Subjects are presented with odors and are instructed to smell them passively or to discriminate according to some feature (pleasant-unpleasant, strong-weak, same-different, etc.). CAO_00972 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:44:59 Orthographic discrimination Subjects view letters and discriminate according to some feature (uppercase-lowercase, alphabetic order, same-different spelling of words, vowel-consonant, font size, etc.). CAO_00973 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:38:37 Pain monitor-discrimination task pain judgment task Subjects experience thermal or electrical stimulation at a painful threshold. CAO_00974 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:40:02 Paired associate recall Subjects are shown paired stimuli prior to the task. During the task, subjects are shown a single stimuli and are asked to recall the associated pair. Stimuli may be words, faces, objects, etc. CAO_00975 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:40:32 Passive listening Subjects listen to various auditory stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include speech (words, sentences), noise, tones, etc. If the stimulus is tones, then the experiment is co-coded with Tone Monitor-Discrimination. CAO_00976 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:41:05 Passive viewing passive watching Subjects view various visual stimuli and make no response. Stimuli include houses, faces, objects, fractals, letter strings, line drawings, complex scenes, etc. If the presented stimuli were faces, the experiments are co-coded with Face Monitor-Discrimination. But if the presented stimuli are words, the experiments are not coded as passive viewing but rather as reading (covert). CAO_00977 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:41:29 Phonological discrimination phonological decision task Subjects view or listen to phonemes, syllables, or words and discriminate according to some feature of their sounds (rhyming, number of syllables, homophones, etc.). CAO_00978 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:42:30 Pitch-monitor discrimination pitch discrimination task Subjects are presented with various stimuli (human speech and non-speech vocalizations, animal vocalization, mechanical noise, etc.) and are instructed to listen to them passively (also co-coded with Passive Listening), or discriminate based on pitch (pleasant-unpleasant, same-different, duration, familiar-unfamiliar, male-female). CAO_00979 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:42:51 Pointing Subjects look and point at a target (e.g. cursor with their arm, hand, finger, or shoulder). CAO_00980 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:12:17 Reading (covert) covert reading task silent production task silent reading task Subjects view words, pseudo-words, Asian characters, phrases, or sentences and read them silently. CAO_00981 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:20:27 Reading (overt) subjects view words, pseudo-words, logograms, phrases, or sentences and read them aloud. CAO_00982 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:20:07 Recitation-repetition (covert) Subjects silently repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.). CAO_00983 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:19:47 Recitation-repetition (overt) Subjects repeat or recite phonemes, words, or well-known text (nursery rhymes, Pledge of Allegiance, months of the year, etc.) aloud. CAO_00984 Vanessa Sochat 2015-02-20 2:29:46 Rest eyes open Subjects rest passively with their eyes open. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks. CAO_00985 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 22:49:55 Motor screening task MOT The Motor Screening Task is typically administered at the beginning of a battery, and serves as a simple introduction to the touch screen for the participant. If a participant is unable to comply with the simple requirements of this task it is unlikely that they will be able to complete other tasks successfully. This task therefore screens for visual, movement and comprehension difficulties. CAO_00986 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:34:37 Sequence recall-learning Subjects learn and-or perform a complex sequence of finger tapping, button pressing, pointing-clicking, or various other motor responses. CAO_00987 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:34:04 Spatial location-discrimination Subjects view shapes or other stimuli (letters, pictures, numbers, or arrows) and discriminate according to their location, orientation, or size. CAO_00988 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:18:08 Subjective emotional picture discrimination Subjects view pictures and are instructed to respond to emotional pictures, to indicate which pictures are pleasant-unpleasant or funny-not funny, or rate the valence of emotional pictures. CAO_00989 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:35:38 Syntactic discrimination Subjects viewed grammatically correct and incorrect sentences and discriminate according to their grammar. This class also includes morphosyntactic tasks such as gender discrimination of words. CAO_00990 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:32:12 Tactile monitor-discrimination Subjects experience tactile-somatosensory stimulation and are asked to attend passively or discriminate according to some feature (shape, texture, same-different, frequency of presentation, etc.) Also includes: subjects are presented with 3-dimensional objects and are asked to manipulate them in their hands and probe their features. CAO_00991 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:31:48 Theory of mind task TOM task Subjects are asked to perform a task involving the understanding of anotherand#39;s personal beliefs and feelings or forming hypotheses regarding the mental states of others. CAO_00992 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:33:39 Tone monitor-discrimination tone discrimination task tone monitoring task Subjects are presented with tones and are instructed to listen to them passively (also coded as passive listening) or discriminate according to their order, timing, pitch, frequency, or amplitude. CAO_00993 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:16:12 Vibrotactile monitor-discrimination Subjects experience vibrotactile stimulation to the hand, finger, arm, toe, or lip. CAO_00994 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:28:36 Video games CAO_00995 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-26 18:29:41 Visual attention task This category is a catch-all for visuoattention paradigms. Examples include: subjects press a button when a visual target (letters, bars, circles, asterisks, LEDs, etc) appears; subjects detect changes in luminance, shape, or color of visual stimuli; subjects fixate on a central stimuli while ignoring peripheral distractors. Also includes cued, attention shift, and divided attention paradigms. CAO_00996 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:30:03 Visual pursuit-tracking tracking task Subjects view a moving target(s) and track its movement across the screen. Frequently, stimuli are moving dots. CAO_00997 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 17:50:09 Whistling participants are cued to inhale and to whistle at fixed intervals, usually during some measure of brain physiology CAO_00998 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-26 21:13:49 Word stem completion (covert) WSC Subjects view word stems and silently generate a word that completes the stem. CAO_00999 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 20:07:05 Word stem completion (overt) WSC word stem completion task Subjects view word stems and overtly generate a word that completes the stem. CAO_01000 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:21:12 Writing task Subjects write letters or words with a pen, stylus, or their finger. CAO_01001 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:58:32 Mixed gambles task Subjects are presented with gambles in which they have a 50% chance of gaining some amount of money and a 50% chance of losing some other amount of money. The subject decides whether or not they would accept the gamble. The amount of the potential gain and loss are varied across trials. Gambles are not resolved during performance of the task; after the end of the task, some gambles are chosen at random and played for real money if they were accepted. CAO_01002 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:45:04 Probabilistic classification task probabilistic classification learning task weather prediction task Subjects are presented with a set of stimuli and must classify those stimuli into one of two categories. In a common version known as the and#34;weather prediction taskand#34; the stimuli are cards with geometric shapes on them and the outcomes are rainy versus sunny weather. The feedback is probabilistic, and performance is measured by the proportion of statistically optimal responses. CAO_01003 Vanessa Sochat 2016-01-27 19:56:12 Conditional stop signal task A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response, but only for a subset of possible responses. CAO_01004 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-15 20:47:41 Action imitation task A task in which a participant sees another person perform an action and later performs the same action him-herself. Imitation can be immediate or delayed. It can be instructed or elicited implicitly (without the participantand#39;s conscious awareness). The actions imitated can be familar-meaningful actions or unfamilar-meaningless actions. CAO_01005 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 20:48:40 Action observation task Subjects view images of actions in order to learn the action themselves. CAO_01006 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:15:44 Adult attachment interview Standardized interview used to assess developmental and attachment history. CAO_01007 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-15 19:56:07 Antisaccade-prosaccade task antisaccade task Subjects view a fixation point and a visual target is presented. Subjects are instructed to make a saccade away from the target (antisaccade) or to the target (prosaccade). CAO_01008 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 19:39:12 Rapid serial visual presentation task attentional processing of a first stimulus interferes with and-or delays the allocation of attention to a second stimulus if the second is presented before the processing of the first has been completed. CAO_01009 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-23 18:47:10 Audio-visual target detection task This task pairs auditory and visual stimuli. Participants are asked to indicate when the paired stimuli are presented in synchrony, or to identify the locations of the stimuli among distracting visual and auditory information. CAO_01010 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 19:20:15 Backward digit span task In a typical test of memory span, a list of random numbers or letters is read out loud or presented on a computer screen at the rate of one per second. The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in reverse of the presented order. CAO_01011 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:19:11 Behavioral rating inventory of executive function BRIEF used for evaluating and planning treatment strategies for a wide spectrum of developmental and acquired neurological conditions, including learning disabilities, low birth weight, ADHD, Touretteand#39;s disorder, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Autism; consists of 8 non-overlapping clinical scales that form two broader indexes: Behavior Regulation (three scales) and Metacognition (five scales). A Global Executive Composite score is also produced; completed by parents and teachers, is suitable for children as young as 5 years old. CAO_01012 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:24:08 Benton facial recognition test A tool used to assess deficits in facial recognition. CAO_01013 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:23:47 Birmingham object recognition battery a set of standardized procedures for assessing neuropsychological disorders of visual object recognition which includes tests to assess low-level aspects of visual perception (using same-different matching of basic perceptual features, such as orientation, length, position and object size), intermediate visual processes (e.g., matching objects different in viewpoint), access to stored perceptual knowledge about objects (object decision), access to semantic knowledge (function and associative matches) and access to names from object (picture naming). CAO_01014 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:13:02 Block tapping test tool used for assessment of visual short-term memory and implicit visual-spatial learning. An examiner taps a series of blocks and the subject must repeat in the correct sequential order. If the sequence is correct, the examiner adds another tap to the next sequence. CAO_01015 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:20:44 Boston naming test BNT assesses the ability to name pictures of objects through spontaneous responses and need for various types of cueing, inferences can be drawn regarding language facility and possible localization of cerebral damage. CAO_01016 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 21:05:42 California verbal learning test-ii A comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory available for older adolescents and adults. In addition to recall and recognition scores, it measures encoding strategies, learning rates, error types, and other process data. CAO_01017 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-01 21:13:24 Cambridge face memory test a test with high reliability and validity that assesses the ability to learn and then recognize six new faces. CAO_01018 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 20:52:08 Category fluency test a psychological test in which participants have to say as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds), this category can be semantic, such as animals or fruits, or phonemic, such as words that begin with letter p. CAO_01019 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 19:04:24 Choice reaction time task Choice reaction time tasks require distinct responses for each possible class of stimulus. For example, the subject might be asked to press one button if a red light appears and a different button if a yellow light appears. CAO_01020 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 22:00:36 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3 3rd edition of an assessment used to evaluate the nature and extent of language difficulties in school children and adolescents. CAO_01021 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:27:07 Color-discrimination task is a behavioral task where a subject is to make specific responses when presented with particular colors. The responses to the various colors are then evaluated to see if the subject was able to discern between different colors. CAO_01022 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:06:22 Continuous recognition paradigm In the continuous recognition paradigm, study and test phases are not separate entities, but rather, items are continuously presented and the participant is instructed to respond to an item as and#34;oldand#34; if it has been seen before (generally presented a second time) in this continual stream of item presentation. Items that were correctly called and#34;oldand#34; are the subsequently remembered trials, and items that were and#34;missedand#34; (not called old upon second presentation) make up the subsequently forgotten trials. CAO_01023 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-10 14:39:24 Cups task On each trial, participants choose between a risky and safe option. Each trial involves either gains or losses. The options are presented as a choice of cups. The risky option involves two to five cups, one containing a gain (loss) of $2, $3 or $5, and the others containing $0. If the latter option is selected, the payoff from one cup is selected at random. The safe cup offers a sure gain (loss) $1. CAO_01024 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:41:16 Delayed match to sample task delayed matching to sample task dms task Subjects view an item(s). After a brief delay a probe item is presented and subjects are asked to recall if the probe item was presented before the delay (during encoding). Stimuli can be words, pictures, or abstract patterns. CAO_01025 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:41:37 Delayed nonmatch to sample task DNMS task delayed nonmatching to sample task A task in which an target is presented and then removed from view. This target must be maintained in working memory for a delay, after which it is presented with non-target(s). The participantand#39;s task is to identify the non-target. CAO_01026 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Delayed recall test A task in which participants are given information to remember (list of words or paragraph) and which they are asked to reproduce after some span of time. CAO_01027 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 20:49:20 Digit span task A task in which participants are presented with sequentially presented digits and are then asked to recall the items. The number of digits that can be correctly recalled provides an estimate of working memory capacity. CAO_01028 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:40:59 Digit-symbol coding test a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression; consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1--,2-┴ ... 7-Λ,8-X,9-=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured. CAO_01029 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:41:23 Doors and people test Doors and People is a test of long-term memory. It yields a single age-scaled overall score which can be ‘unpacked’ to give separate measures of visual and verbal memory, recall and recognition, and forgetting. CAO_01030 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-03 22:37:06 Edinburgh handedness inventory a measurement scale used to assess the dominance of a personand#39;s right or left hand in everyday activities. It consists of a questionnaire with 10 activities listed (writing, drawing, throwing, using scissors, using a toothbrush, using a knife without a fork, using a spoon, the upper hand when using a broom, striking a match, and opening the lid of a box). Participants must indicate which hand they would use, and the strength of this preference (strong, less strong, indifferent). CAO_01031 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 18:16:19 Eriksen flanker task NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test flanker task A task in which participants view stimuli (typically arrows) presented one at a time and to which they must make a simple lexical response. These stimuli are surrounded by either distracting or facilitating items. Distracting items are typically associated with an opposite response (and#34;incongruentand#34; = pointing in opposite direction to target stimulus), whereas facilitating items are typically associated with the same response as the target stimulus (and#34;congruentand#34; = pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus). CAO_01032 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:37:13 Extradimensional shift task A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The relevant rule alternates or and#34;shiftsand#34; among multiple (typically two) rules. The rule represents the relevant task and#34;dimensionand#34;. The stimulus-response mappings are unique and constant within each possible rule dimension. CAO_01033 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-06 17:39:51 Face n-back task Task in which face stimuli are presented one at a time in a continuous stream, and the objective is to detect when the current face matches the face presented n previously (1,2, or 3 faces before). CAO_01034 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:27:56 Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence a standard instrument for assessing the intensity of physical addiction to nicotine. CAO_01035 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:35:20 Forward digit span task A method of short-term memory measurement in which a person listens to someone say a series of single-digit numbers and must repeat them back in the same order they were given. CAO_01036 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:31:56 Go-no-go task go-nogo task A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants perform a binary decision on each stimulus. One of the outcomes requires participants to make a motor response (go), whereas the other requires participants to withhold a response (no-go). Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each event. Go events typically occur with higher frequency than no-go events. CAO_01037 Dave Braze 2012-06-26 19:45:22 Gray oral reading test - 4 GORT-4 Measures growth in oral reading and aids in the diagnosis of oral reading difficulties. Five scores provide information on oral reading skills in terms of: Rate, accuracy, fluency, comprehension, overall reading ability, and comprehension. The test consists of two parallel forms, each containing 14 developmentally sequenced reading passages with five comprehension questions following each passage. CAO_01038 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:31:32 Hooper visual organization test VOT a neuropsychological test of visual spatial ability that presents participants with a line drawing of a common object that has been broken into fragments, and asks participants to name what the object would be if reassembled. CAO_01039 Natalie Picchetti 2011-03-04 20:55:55 Immediate recall test involves presenting a subject with material that is to be memorized. Once the material is removed the subject is to immediately demonstrate everything that they remember from the material. CAO_01040 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-10 21:46:45 International affective picture system a database of photographs used in emotion research. CAO_01041 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:19:53 Intradimensional shift task A task in which multiple (typically two) stimuli are presented simultaneously and the subject must select the stimulus that matches the currently relevant rule. The rule represents the relevant task and#34;dimensionand#34;. The stimulus-response mappings within this dimension alternate or and#34;shiftand#34; among multiple (typically two) alternatives. CAO_01042 Tom Schonberg 2011-02-11 20:25:41 Iowa gambling task Becharaand#39;s gambling task a widely used experiment in the areas of cognition andamp; emotion that was originally developed to assist in detecting decision-making impairment in patients with prefrontal cortex damage; a computerized experiment that is carried out in real time and resembles real-world contingencies. The task allows participants to select cards from four decks displayed on-screen. Participants are instructed that the selection of each card will result in winning or losing money. The objective is to attempt to win as much money as possible. (from http:--iowagamblingtask.com-) On each trial, participants select a card from one of four decks; two ‘bad’ decks offer a higher reward on most trials but also higher possible loss and lower overall expected value, whereas two ‘good’ decks offer a lower reward on most trials but lower possible loss and higher expected value. Participants learn the nature of the decks through trial-and- error. In some versions of the task, the probabilities are not stationary. CAO_01043 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:07:09 Ishihara plates for color blindness a test for red-green color deficiencies that consists of a number of colored plates, called Ishihara plates, each of which contain a circle of dots appearing randomized in color and size. Within the pattern are dots which form a number visible to those with normal color vision and invisible, or difficult to see, for those with a red-green color vision defect. CAO_01044 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 22:44:40 Kanizsa figures An ambiguous figure in which the illusory contour of a square (or triangle) appears in the middle of four (or three) truncated solid squares (or circles). It is an illustration of the perceptual ability to make sense of an incomplete figure by creating a and#39;wholeand#39; image from the separate elements (Gestalt organization). CAO_01045 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-18 18:42:37 Letter fluency test is a test that requires generation of words cued with a specific letter and depends on phonemic abilities. CAO_01046 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-18 18:43:35 Letter n-back task LNB A task in which participants view a continuous stream of letter stimuli. The object of the task is to identify letter repetitions that occur n-trials preceding to the current stimulus. CAO_01047 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:14:33 Letter naming task character naming task Participants are presented with letters and asked to give the name for each letter as it appears or as the researcher points to it. CAO_01048 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:14:43 Lexical decision task word-nonword task a procedure used in many psychology and psycholinguistics experiments; the basic procedure involves measuring how quickly people classify stimuli as words or nonwords. Subjects are presented, either visually or auditorily, with a mixture of words and pseudowords (nonsense strings that respect the phonotactic rules of a language, like trud in English). Their task is to indicate, usually with a button-press, whether the presented stimulus is a word or not. CAO_01049 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:32:14 Matching pennies game matching pennies task The game is played between two players, Player A and Player B. Each player has a penny and must secretly turn the penny to heads or tails. The players then reveal their choices simultaneously. If the pennies match (both heads or both tails), Player A receives one dollar from Player B (+1 for A, -1 for B). If the pennies do not match (one heads and one tails), Player B receives one dollar from Player A (-1 for A, +1 for B). This is an example of a zero-sum game, where one playerand#39;s gain is exactly equal to the other playerand#39;s loss. CAO_01050 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:11:55 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory MOC MOCI assess obsessive-compulsive symptoms in the areas of contamination fears and washing behaviors, checking, slowness, and doubting using 30 dichotomously scored (true-false) items, with each pathological response receiving a score of 1. CAO_01051 Xavier Aim 2015-07-21 9:09:47 Mini mental state examination Folstein test MMSE The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) or Folstein test is a brief 30-point questionnaire test that is used to screen for cognitive impairment. It is commonly used in medicine to screen for dementia. It is also used to estimate the severity of cognitive impairment at a given point in time and to follow the course of cognitive changes in an individual over time, thus making it an effective way to document an individualand#39;s response to treatment. CAO_01052 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-10 21:40:57 Motor sequencing task Participants perform several motoric tasks in a specific sequence-order. CAO_01053 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:31:26 N-back task 1-back task 2-back task 3-back task A task in which items (e.g., letters) are presented one at a time and participants must identify each item that repeats relative to the item that occurred and#34;nand#34; items before its onset. CAO_01054 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-03 20:58:07 Nine-hole peg test a timed test of fine motor coordination; the test involves the subject placing 9 dowels in 9 holes. Subjects are scored on the amount of time it takes to place and remove all 9 pegs. CAO_01055 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-13 19:23:01 Object-discrimination task Participants are shown pairs or sets of objects. Experimenters then try to discern whether the participant is able to discriminate between the objects. This can be done by having subjects match identical objects to each other, having certain objects become associated with rewards and measuring accuracy, or measuring time spent observing novel objects compared to time spent observing previously seen objects. CAO_01056 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Oddball task A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics (e.g., a different tone among auditory stimuli). CAO_01057 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:38:04 Pantomime task is when a subject is asked to explain an emotion or how an object is used by only gesturing with their hands and not using speech. CAO_01058 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-21 21:13:21 Parrott scale a scale created for self-reporting of subjective states like stress, arousal, and pleasure in nicotine studies CAO_01059 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-14 0:12:08 Picture naming task participants are shown pictures of objects and asked to identify the item. CAO_01060 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:43:23 Positive and negative affect scale PANAS A psychometric scale to measure positive and negative affects in individuals, and both as states and traits. Positive affect questions assess to what extent the participant is attentive, interested, alert, excited, enthusiastic, inspired, proud, determined, strong and active. Negative affect questions assess to what extent the participant is distressed, upset, hostile, irritable, scared, afraid, ashamed, guilty, nervous, and jittery. Participants answer questions on a Likert scale where 0=very, 1=slightly or not at all, 2=a little, 3=moderately, 4=quite a bit, and 5=very much. The questionnaire asks whether participants have felt these traits and#34;during the past few weeksand#34; (trait) and and#34;during the past few daysand#34; (state). CAO_01061 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:09:45 Posner cueing task Subjects view two stimuli (boxes, letters, etc.) and are cued by an arrow to attend to one of the stimuli. Subjects then discriminate and respond (e.g., press a button when one of the boxes is filled with a diagonal cross, or press the left button for an and#34;Xand#34; and the right button for an and#34;Oand#34;). CAO_01062 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:44:33 Pseudoword naming task pseudoword reading task Participants are presented (usually one at a time, rather than in list form) with words and pseudowords, which are strings of letters that have no meaning in the language but are still pronounceable and asked to read aloud what they see. In pseudoword choice or decision tasks, they are asked to identify whether the items are words or not. CAO_01063 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 20:08:21 Pyramids and palm trees task palmtrees and pyramids task a semantic memory test that presents one word or picture above two others. The participant is then asked to identify which of the bottom items best matches the top item. Semantic memory is necessary for the identification of the analogies, which link conceptually two perceptually, and functionally distinct entities. CAO_01064 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 20:54:47 Recognition memory test PRM old-new recognition pattern recognition memory In a recognition memory test, a participant is presented with some or all of a set of and#34;oldand#34; stimuli that were encoded earlier, as well as several and#34;newand#34; stimuli that were not previously presented. The participantand#39;s task is to indicate whether each stimulus is old or new. Responses in recognition memory tests are commonly sorted into four classes: Hits (and#34;oldand#34; response to an old stimulus), Misses (and#34;newand#34; response to an old stimulus), False Alarms (and#34;oldand#34; response to a new stimulus), and Correct Rejections (and#34;newand#34; response to a new stimulus). By comparing the percentage of responses that fall into each of these classes, the experimenter can assess both a participantand#39;s ability to discriminate between old and new stimuli, and his or her tendency to provide a particular response regardless of the type of stimulus presented. In many recognition memory tests, each old-new judgment is followed by a prompt asking participants to indicate either how confident they are in that old-new judgment, or what type of subjective experience was elicited by the stimulus being judged (e.g., was the old-new judgment accompanied by a vivid recollection of the encoding experience). This additional information can be used to generate and test more precise hypotheses about how recognition memory decisions are made. Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) is a specific recognition memory test included in the CANTAB. The participant is presented with a series of 12 visual patterns, one at a time, in the centre of the screen. These patterns are designed so that they cannot easily be given verbal labels. In the recognition phase, the participant is required to choose between a pattern they have already seen and a novel pattern. In this phase, the test patterns are presented in the reverse order to the original order of presentation. This is then repeated, with 12 new patterns. The second recognition phase can be given either immediately or after a 20 minute delay. CAO_01065 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-15 22:44:50 Reversal learning task and#34;Reversal learning involves the adaptation of behavior according to changes in stimulus–reward contingencies [...] [Reversal learning]is exemplified by visual discrimination tasks where subjects must learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus–reward pairing.and#34; - (Clark, Cools, andamp; Robbins 2004) CAO_01066 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:36:16 Risky gains task Subjects are presented with a sequence of three numbers in ascending order (20, 40, and 80). Each number is displayed onscreen for one second and, if the subject presses a button while that number is displayed, he-she receives that number of points along with immediate positive visual and auditory feedback. When a 40 or 80 appears, however, there is a chance that it will appear in an alternate color, along with immediate negative feedback signaling a loss of 40 or 80 points, respectively. When this occurs, the trial ends immediately (i.e. the subject may not make a response). CAO_01067 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-16 17:27:27 Salthouse and babcock listening span task Participants listen to an experimenter read a set of sentences. The participant must simultaneously respond to comprehension questions, and record or remember the last word of each sentence. The measure of and#34;listening spanand#34; is then the number of correct words recalled. CAO_01068 Natalie Picchetti 2011-05-18 22:32:32 Selective attention task involves a participant to attend to a specific stimuli in the presence of competing stimuli. CAO_01069 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-16 20:46:08 Semantic anomaly judgement task Participants read or listen to sentences, then judge whether the sentence is plausible and makes sense semantically, or is implausible. Sentences may be structurally and gramatically correct, but the verb and noun are incompatible. Often, the structure or length of sentences varies to assess the role of working memory in any resulting deficit. CAO_01070 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:34:55 Semantic association task semantic association judgment task Participants are shown pairs of words or pictures and asked to identify if the items are semantically related. CAO_01071 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-27 20:45:49 Sentence completion test a test that provides respondents with beginnings of sentences, referred to as “stems,” and respondents then complete the sentences in ways that are meaningful to them. The responses are believed to provide indications of attitudes, beliefs, motivations, or other mental states. In a common version of this test, the Hayling Sentence Completion Test, a second condition is added, in which participants must complete the sentence with a word that makes no sense, requiring them to inhibit the semantically activated information. CAO_01072 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:34:50 Set-shifting task A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment. CAO_01073 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-19 19:07:28 Simon task Subjects view arrows presented in the right or left visual field that were pointing to the left or right. Subjects respond via button press as to the direction of the arrow. In incongruent stimuli, left-pointing arrows are seen on the right side, and vice versa. CAO_01074 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 0:18:34 Simple reaction time task SRT Simple Reaction Time (SRT) is a test which measures simple reaction time through delivery of a known stimulus to a known location to elicit a known response. The only uncertainty is with regard to when the stimulus will occur, by having a variable interval between the trial response and the onset of the stimulus for the next trial. As soon as the participant sees the square on the screen, they must press the button on the press pad. CAO_01075 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-16 23:41:32 Source memory test Participants are shown a list or series of items (words, pictures, objects). Later, when shown an item, they are asked whether it has was shown to them before, and if they respond affirmatively, they are asked a question about the source of the item. The source question could be what the spatial location of the item was, what color it appeared in, or which list or set it belonged to. CAO_01076 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:35:09 Span-supra-span test Participants are given sequences to recall that exceed their working memory span, usually by about 2 items, however the sequence contains a smaller repeating sequence(s) among the non-repeating items. CAO_01077 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-17 18:08:47 Spatial n-back task Participants view a configuration of dots and must indicate whether the dot is in the same position as the dot in the picture presented n previously (0,1,2,or 3). In some variations, participants are asked to identify the location of the dot n pictures back, rather than indicating if the current dot matches. CAO_01078 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-28 23:17:36 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire instrument used to measure trait (chronic) anxiety, a general propensity to be anxious, and state (temporary) anxiety, a temporary state varying in intensity, in adults. CAO_01079 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:58:44 Sternberg delayed recognition task Sternberg item recognition task Sternberg task delayed recognition task Subjects view a string of letters. After a delay, a probe letter is presented and subjects indicate if the presented letter was in the previously viewed group. CAO_01080 Frederick Verbruggen 2013-06-21 13:15:31 Stop signal task stop task Participants usually perform a choice reaction time in which they have to respond as quickly as possible to a particular stimulus feature (e.g. colour, shape, identity, or location). On a minority of the trials, the go stimulus is followed by an additional signal (e.g. an auditory tone or a visual cue), which instructs participants to withhold their planned response. CAO_01081 Russ Poldrack 2011-12-12 23:39:16 Stroop task Subjects view color names presented in various ink colors and are instructed to name the color of the ink. In incongruent stimuli, color names and ink colors are non-matching. CAO_01082 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:28:57 Structured clinical interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV) SCID a diagnostic exam used to determine DSM-IV Axis I disorders (mental health disorders). It covers 6 diagnostic categories, and is often used in conjunction with an unstructured interview. The exam includes an administration booklet of questions for the examiner to ask and a scoresheet. Scores are not determined by and#34;rightand#34; or and#34;wrongand#34; answers, but by number of questions that adhere to diagnostic criteria. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Structured-Clinical-Interview-for-DSM-IV CAO_01083 Paul Wright 2016-07-25 17:08:42 Symbol-digit substitution DSST digit symbol substitution task DSST is a neuropsychological test sensitive to brain damage, dementia, age and depression. It isn’t sensitive to the location of brain-damage (except for damage comprising part of the visual field). It consists of (e.g. nine) digit-symbol pairs (e.g. 1--,2-┴ ... 7-Λ,8-X,9-=) followed by a list of digits. Under each digit the subject should write down the corresponding symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct symbols within the allowed time (e.g. 90 or 120 sec) is measured. CAO_01084 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-18 21:02:21 Symptom checklist-90-revised a relatively brief self-report psychometric instrument designed to evaluate a broad range of psychological problems and symptoms of psychopathology. It is also useful in measuring the progress and outcome of psychiatric and psychological treatments or for research purposes. CAO_01085 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-17 23:16:45 Syntactic acceptability judgement task Also called the syntactic plausibility judgment task, this task asks participants to read sentences and indicate whether or not they are gramatically correct. CAO_01086 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Task-switching A task in which participants alternate between two or more judgments typically regarding the same set of stimuli. Accuracy and reaction time are measured for each judgment. CAO_01087 Russ Poldrack 2013-04-23 18:51:48 Temporal discounting task delay discounting task intertemporal choice task A task in which subjects are asked to choose between a smaller reward earlier in time versus a larger reward later in time. CAO_01088 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 0:27:36 Test of word reading efficiency TOWRE a nationally normed measure of word reading accuracy and fluency that provides an efficient means of monitoring the growth of two kinds of word reading skills that are critical in the development of overall reading ability: the ability to accurately recognize familiar words as whole units or “sight words” and the ability to “sound out” words quickly. CAO_01089 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-11 22:21:30 Tobacco craving questionnaire a multidimensional questionnaire to assess tobacco craving. It consists of a 47-item TCQ and other forms assessing demographics, tobacco and other drug use history, quit attempts, and current mood. It represents four specific constructs that characterize craving for tobacco: (a) Emotionality, or smoking in anticipation of relief from withdrawal symptoms or negative mood, (b) expectancy, or anticipation of positive outcomes from smoking, (c) compulsivity, or an inability to control tobacco use, and (d) purposefulness, or intention and planning to smoke for positive outcomes. It is an instrument for assessing tobacco craving in individuals not attempting to reduce or quit smoking. CAO_01090 Agatha Lenartowicz 2009-07-10 21:06:33 Trail making test a and b A neuropsychological test in which participants must connect-the-dots (traverse between items) according to some specified order. In Test A these items are numbers (1,2,3 etc.) and the order is determined by increasing magnitude. In Test B these items are both numbers and letters (1,2,3, A,B,C etc.) and the order is determined by a combination of increasing numbers AND letters (e.g., 1 A 2 B 3 C..) requiring participants to alternate between letters and numbers. CAO_01091 Russ Poldrack 2011-08-10 14:41:42 Unified parkinson's disease rating scale UPDRS a rating scale used to follow the longitudinal course of Parkinsonand#39;s disease, made up of the following sections: (1)evaluation of Mentation, behavior, and mood, (2)self evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs), (3)clinician-scored motor evaluation, (4)Hoehn and Yahr stating of severity of Parkinson disease, (5)Schwab and England ADL scale; these are evaluated by interview and clinical observation. CAO_01092 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-21 18:30:32 Visual alignment task Participants are shown misaligned lines and asked to indicate which side the top line is offset. Alternatively, participants may be asked to complete an alignment with a pencil or digital pointer. CAO_01093 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-21 21:19:03 Visuospatial cueing task participants look at a computer screen and press buttons to respond to targets. In some of the trials, a visual cue will appear before the target, but in the same spot as the target. CAO_01094 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-21 21:33:13 Warrington's face-word recognition test Also called the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT), and#34;the RMT consists of the presentation of 50 printed words at the rate of one word every 3 s, and for each word the subject is required to judge the presented stimulus as and#34;pleasantand#34; or and#34;unpleasantand#34; to help ensure that they are attending to the stimulus items. The patient is then presented with a series of word pairs, and the task is to identify which of the two words came from the target list. A series of 50 faces is then presented at the same rate, and the patient is asked to provide the same pleasant versus unpleasant judgments; the patient is then presented with a series of 50 pairs of faces, and the task is again to identify which of the two faces came from the target list.and#34; - (Hermann, Connell, Barr, andamp; Wyler 1995) CAO_01095 Brenda Gregory 2011-05-16 17:54:51 Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised a general test of intelligence, which Wechsler defined as, and#34;... the global capacity of the individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment.and#34; In keeping with this definition of intelligence as an aggregate of mental aptitudes or abilities, the WAIS-R consists of 11 subtests divided into two parts, verbal and performance. CAO_01096 Brenda Gregory 2011-04-29 18:00:03 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised WAIS used with adults ages 16 to 90 and measures cognitive ability using a core battery of 10 unique subtests that focus on four specific domains of intelligence: verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. CAO_01097 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:27:50 Wisconsin card sorting test WCST The participant is presented with stimulus cards with shapes on them. The cards differ in color of the shapes, number of the shapes, and the form of the shapes. The participant is asked to sort these cards into two piles. The participant is not told what stimulus dimension to use in order to sort the cards, but the administrator tells the participant if a particular match is correct. During the test, the sorting rules are changed and the participant must discover the new sorting rule in order to be successful. CAO_01098 Carinna Torgerson 2011-06-22 17:46:39 Word attack Participants must read non-words aloud. Raw scores are converted into a and#34;reading comprehension age,and#34; which is then compared to the participantand#39;s real age to determine if they are a poor or gifted reader. CAO_01099 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:20:31 Word generation task Covert: Semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and silently generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and silently generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and silently generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and silently generate words that rhyme. Overt: semantic: subjects listen to or view nouns and overtly generate an associated verb, or subjects view a category and overtly generate as many exemplars as possible; Orthographic: subjects listen to or view a letter and overtly generate as many words as possible that start with that letter; Phonologic: subjects listen to or view a word and overtly generate words that rhyme. CAO_01100 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 19:01:55 Word identification is the process of determining the pronunciation and some degree of meaning of an unknown word. Note: Word- identification skills commonly taught are phonic analysis, structural analysis, context clues, configuration clues, dictionary skills, and sometimes picture clues. CAO_01101 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 18:30:03 Cambridge gambling task CGT Participants see ten boxes at the top of a screen, each of which is red or blue in some ratio. Under one of these boxes is a token, and participants must guess whether the token is under red or blue. On a gambling trial, participants can select some proportion of their allotted points to bet on their judgement. CAO_01102 Tom Schonberg 2011-02-11 21:02:24 Probabilistic gambling task Two cards are drawn without replacement from a deck containing cards numbered from one to ten (one of each). After the first card is presented, participants bet whether the next card will be higher or lower than the first card. Thus there is maximal risk when the first card is five or six, zero risk when it is ten or one. In later version of the task participants bet on whether the second card will be higher or lower before seeing the first card. CAO_01103 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:18:56 Behavioral investment allocation strategy (BIAS) On each trial, participants choose between two stocks (gain-loss gambles, one stochastically dominating the other) and one bond (a sure gain of $1). They must learn through trial-and-error the characteristics of the stocks, which change over blocks of trials. Feedback on payoffs of the forgone options is presented on each trial. CAO_01104 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:46:23 Non-choice task non-choice task to study expected value and uncertainty Each of 12 stimuli (circles of different colors, numbers and sizes) is associated with a different reward magnitude and probability. These include all combinations of (100 and 200) point rewards with (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1) probabilities, plus 300 and 400 rewards with 0.5 probability. Participants are first trained to learn the probabilities and outcomes associated with each stimulus. Next, on each trial, a stimulus appears in one of four quadrants of the screen, and participants indicate which quadrant using a button press. CAO_01105 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:17:57 Balloon analogue risk task (BART) On each trial, participants pump a simulated balloon without knowing when it will explode. Each pump increases the potential reward to be gained but also the probability of explosion, which wipes out all potential gains for that trial. In most studies, balloon explosion probabilities are drawn from a uniform distribution, and participants must learn explosion probabilities through trial-and-error. CAO_01106 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:48:41 Devil's task Slovicand#39;s risk task This task is a forerunner to the BART: on each trial, participants decide howmany of seven treasure chests to open. They are informed that six boxes contain a prize and one box contains a ‘devil’ that will cause themto lose all their potential gains on that trial. Similar to the BART, participants make sequential choices and, after opening each chest, decide whether to continue to the next chest or cash in their earnings to that point. CAO_01107 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:15:50 Choice task between risky and non-risky options a choice made between two or more options when one of those options has some probability CAO_01108 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:18:35 Inductive reasoning aptitude how well a person can identify a pattern in data CAO_01109 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:36:26 Rhyme verification task rhyme decision task rhyme judgment task rhyme task rhyming decision task rhyming judgment task rhyming task Stimuli are presented in pairs (either words or pseudowords) and the subject is asked to judge whether the pair of stimuli rhyme with one another. CAO_01110 Julio Alberto Gonzlez Torre 2013-12-20 21:03:55 Attention networks test ANT Attentional Network Task a combination of the Posner cueing paradigm and the Eriksen flanker test, the ANT presents participants with a target item ( CAO_01111 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-13 23:27:02 Remember-know task No definition submitted yet. CAO_01112 Vanessa Sochat 2016-04-15 11:40:32 Probabilistic reversal learning task participants learn to respond according to the opposite, previously irrelevant, stimulus-reward pairing, often in a visual discrimination task CAO_01113 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 22:56:52 Counting stroop task participants count the number of words in a display of words describing numbers (e.g. and#34;threeand#34;) CAO_01114 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 23:15:00 Scene recognition task subjects are shown a scene and must later decide whether views from different vantage points are of the same scene CAO_01115 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-13 23:34:52 California verbal learning test No definition submitted yet. CAO_01116 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 17:52:47 Wechsler memory scale (IV) WMS-IV Wechsler Memory Scale revised The WMS-IV comprises seven subtests: Spatial Addition, Symbol Span, Design Memory, General Cognitive Screener, Logical Memory, Verbal Paired Associates, and Visual Reproduction CAO_01117 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-06 17:54:21 Wechsler intelligence scale for children - revised WISC WISC-IV The WISC-IV comprises Picture Concepts, Letter-Number Sequencing, Matrix Reasoning and two supplemental tests: Cancellation and Word Reasoning. CAO_01118 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-13 23:38:03 Word fluency test No definition submitted yet. CAO_01119 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 22:00:26 Color trails test CTT Designed to be a culturally fair analog of the trail making test (TMT), the CTT presents numbered colored circles and universal sign language symbols. The participant is required to alternate between the number and color sequences in completing the task. CAO_01120 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 20:56:19 Dual-task paradigm participant performs two tasks simultaneously CAO_01121 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 19:34:56 Item recognition task participants view a series of items (e.g. pictures or words) and after some interval are shown a series including these, during which they specify what items they recognize CAO_01122 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 15:53:10 Memory span test No definition submitted yet. CAO_01123 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 23:11:07 Complex span test a test in which participants must not only memorize items, but must perform an additional cognitive task (e.g. and#34;2 + 2 = 5; Aand#34; in which the equation must be evaluated for whether it is true and the letter following must be memorized) CAO_01124 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 20:41:37 Spatial span test SSP part of the Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, it is an analog to a digit span task. White squares are shown, some of which briefly change colour in a variable sequence. The participant must then touch the boxes which changed colour in the same order that they were displayed by the computer (for clinical mode) or in the reverse order (for reverse mode). The number of boxes increases from 2 at the start of the test to 9 at the end, and the sequence and colour are varied through the test. CAO_01125 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 20:46:35 Dot pattern expectancy task DPX descendant of the expectancy AX task, participant views a combination of simple dot formations as cues and probes; for example, and#34;.:.and#34; may be a target probe, but should only be responded to if preceded by the cue and#34;:and#34; rather than and#34;..and#34; or any other formation. CAO_01126 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 21:38:07 Cattell's culture fair intelligence test CCFIT CFIT a test of intelligence which Raymond Cattell subdivided into and#34;fluid,and#34; or inherited, and and#34;crystallized,and#34; or learned, designed to minimize the influence of cultural experiences CAO_01127 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 19:47:06 Letter comparison task participant views two rows of consonants and must indicate as quickly as possible whether these rows are identical CAO_01128 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 19:00:25 Pattern comparison task NIH Toolbox Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test This test measures speed of processing by asking participants to discern whether two sideby-side pictures are the same or not. The items are presented one pair at a time on the computer screen, and the participant is given 90 seconds to respond to as many items as possible (up to a maximum of 130). The items are designed to be simple so as to most purely measure processing speed. CAO_01129 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 22:18:19 Test of variables of attention T.O.V.A. a target detection task subtype, the T.O.V.A. uses geometric shapes as both target and distractor stimuli CAO_01130 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 21:37:52 Sustained attention to response task SART participants are to respond to frequent neutral signals and are required to withhold response to rare critical signals CAO_01131 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 20:34:07 Matching familiar figures test MFFT participants are shown an image of a familiar object and several comparison images of that object, one of which is identical and the others of which are slightly different; the participant is to select the identical image CAO_01132 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 22:59:53 Tower of london ToL participant must rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration CAO_01133 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 22:43:33 Tower of hanoi ToH participants see discs of various sizes distributed among three pegs and must organize them in a stack of decreasing size upward with specific constraints (i.e. only one disk can be moved at a time, each disk must be placed on one of the pegs, and a larger disk can never be placed on top of a smaller disk) CAO_01134 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 19:45:52 Dichotic listening task participants are asked to attend to one or both channels of different, sometimes disparate, stimuli played simultaneously through a headset CAO_01135 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 20:37:38 Directed forgetting task subjects are instructed halfway through an incidental or intentional learning task that they should forget what had been presented so far because it was just practice, but after learning is complete are asked to recall the entirety of the learning task (e.g. a list of words) CAO_01136 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 17:25:21 Retrieval-induced forgetting task No definition submitted yet. CAO_01137 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 21:44:21 Paced auditory serial addition test PASAT Participant is presented with a series of single digit numbers and are instructed to sum the two most recent digits. CAO_01138 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 19:33:52 Porteus maze test participants must trace a path untimed through mazes of increasing complexity without backtracking or lifting their pencil CAO_01139 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 17:28:25 Rey-ostereith complex figure test No definition submitted yet. CAO_01140 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 17:31:43 Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery is a computer-based cognitive assessment system consisting of a battery of neuropsychological tests, administered to subjects using a touch screen computer. The 22 tests in CANTAB examine various areas of cognitive function, including: * general memory and learning, * working memory and executive function, * visual memory, * attention and reaction time (RT), * semantic-verbal memory, * decision making and response control. The CANTAB endeavours to import the accuracy and rigour of computerised psychological testing whilst retaining the wide range of ability measures demanded of a neuropsychological battery. It is suitable for young and old subjects, and aims to be culture and language independent through the use of non-verbal stimuli in the majority of the tests. CAO_01141 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 17:35:51 Corsi blocks was developed in the early 1970s as a visuospatial counterpart to the verbal-memory span task (Milner, 1971). Over the years, it has frequently been used to assess visuospatial short-term memory performance in adults (e.g. Smyth andamp; Scholey, 1992), children (e.g. Orsini, Schiappa, andamp; Grossi, 1981), and patients with neuropsychological deficits (e.g. Vilkki andamp; Holst, 1989). The original Corsi apparatus consisted of a set of nine identical blocks (3 X 3 X 3 cm) irregularly positioned on a wooden board (23 X 28 cm). The experimenter points to a series of blocks at a rate of one block per second. Subsequently, the participant is required to point to the same blocks in their order of presentation. The length of the block sequences increases until recall is no longer correct. Numerous variations have since been employed in both display characteristics (e.g. colour, number and size of the blocks, block placement, size of the board) and test administration (e.g. presentation rate, block sequences, recall order, scoring technique) (for a review, see Berch, Krikorian, andamp; Huha, 1998). CAO_01142 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 17:57:16 Visual patterns test is a measure of short term visual memory that has been designed for use both as a clinical tool and a research instrument. In the VPT, the subject is presented with matrix patterns of black and white squares in grids of varying size and required to memorize a series of black and white checkerboard-like patterns of increasing complexity. Such matrix patterns are virtually impossible to code verbally. CAO_01143 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-15 18:03:07 Rivermead behavioural memory test comprises a number of subtests focused on providing objective measures of everyday memory performance in people with observed and-or reported memory difficulties. CAO_01144 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 23:07:19 Paired associate learning PAL associative learning task was invented by Mary Whiton Calkins in 1894 and involves the pairing of two items (usually words)—a stimulus and a response. For example, words such as calendar (stimulus) and shoe (response) may be paired, and when the learner is prompted with the stimulus, he responds with the appropriate word (shoe). CAO_01145 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:28:47 Vigilance sustained attention task No definition submitted yet. CAO_01146 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 21:45:21 Rey auditory verbal learning task NIH Toolbox Auditory Verbal Learning Test The Rey is a word-list learning task in which 15 unrelated words are presented orally (usually via audio recording) over three consecutive learning trials. After each presentation, the participant is asked to recall as many of the words as he-she can. The Rey is one of the most widely studied measures of memory and has been used in different languages, cultures and ethnic groups around the world. The test can be administered as a supplement to the PSMT for even more detailed study of episodic memory, or as an accommodation in place of PSMT for those with significant visual impairment. CAO_01147 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 17:33:25 Nonword repetition task participant is instructed to repeat after each nonword (i.e. phoneme or series of phonemes) spoken in a recording CAO_01148 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:37:24 Response mapping task No definition submitted yet. CAO_01149 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:44:00 Pursuit rotor task The pursuit rotor task is a task used in common use in the mid 20th century which involved a participant trying to follow (pursue) a small disc on a rotating turntable. Original mechanical versions had typical rotation rates of 60 RPM, which is probably too fast for mouse-controlled versions. The PEBL version offers a simple version with multiple trials and controllable parameters that can be used as a test of hand-eye coordination. CAO_01150 Corey White 2011-08-15 17:58:20 Alternating runs paradigm A type of task-switching paradigm in which two different tasks are presented in alternating runs or blocks CAO_01151 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 18:20:04 Object alternation task the participant is to locate a target under one of two objects, and the object it is located under changes each time the target is found CAO_01152 Corey White 2011-08-15 18:05:39 Animal naming task animals are presented, usually pictorially, and participants are asked to name them aloud CAO_01153 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-11 22:50:43 Catbat task participants are asked to fill in missing letters in a written short story; the first half describes contexts for which and#34;cand#34; would most appropriately complete and#34;-at,and#34; while the second half describes contexts for which and#34;band#34; would most appropriately complete and#34;-at.and#34; CAO_01154 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:29:54 Haptic illusion task tactile illusion cognitive and physiological measures are taken while participant experiences a tactile illusion CAO_01155 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:23:54 Brixton spatial anticipation test No definition submitted yet. CAO_01156 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:30:57 Hayling sentence completion test Participants are given the beginnings of sentences to complete. The sentences appear to have expected answers. In the first condition, participants must complete the sentence with a-the word that makes sense. In the second condition, participants are asked to complete sentences by saying semantically unrelated words, thereby making the sentence nonsensical. CAO_01157 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 18:31:58 Nih toolbox picture sequence memory test PSMT picture set test The Picture Sequence Memory Test involves recalling increasingly lengthy series of illustrated objects and activities that are presented in a particular order on the computer screen, with corresponding audiorecorded phrases played. The participants are asked to recall the sequence of pictures demonstrated over two learning trials; sequence length varies from 6-18 pictures, depending on age. Participants are given credit for each adjacent pair of pictures they correctly place (i.e., if pictures in locations 7 and 8 are placed in that order and adjacent to each other anywhere, such as slots 1 and 2, one point is awarded), up to the maximum value for the sequence, which is one less than the sequence length. (That is, if 18 pictures are in the sequence, the maximum score is 17 – the number of adjacent pairs of pictures that exist). CAO_01158 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 19:32:12 Uznadze haptic illusion task Two spheres of different sizes are repeatedly placed in participantsand#39; hands, and they are asked to compare the sizes; upon the final presentation these are replaced with identically sized spheres. CAO_01159 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 21:46:54 Emotional regulation task participant completes task that induces emotional conflict while behavioral and-or physiological data is collected CAO_01160 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 20:17:44 Digit cancellation task a descendant of the Lifshitz distractibility test, participants are instructed to cross out particular digits in an array, either with or without an auditory distractor of numbers read aloud CAO_01161 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:19:11 Zoo map test a planning subtask derived from the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome test battery in which participants must plan in advance a route for visiting particular sites in a zoo CAO_01162 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 23:16:25 Morris water maze MWM Morris water navigation Morris water task an open-field water-maze procedure in which rats learn to escape from opaque water onto a hidden platform, used to examine how rodents navigate in the absence of spatial cues CAO_01163 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 18:40:20 Stockings of cambridge task SOC and#34;The participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. The participant must use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern shown in the upper display. The balls may be moved one at a time by touching the required ball, then touching the position to which it should be moved.and#34; CAO_01164 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-20 23:58:30 Glasgow coma scale is a neurological scale that aims to give a reliable, objective way of recording the conscious state of a person for initial as well as subsequent assessment. A patient is assessed against the criteria of the scale, and the resulting points give a patient score between 3 (indicating deep unconsciousness) and either 14 (original scale) or 15 (the more widely used modified or revised scale). CAO_01165 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 21:26:48 Early social and communication scales ESCS a 15–20 min videotaped, structured social observational measure designed to assess childrenand#39;s use of eye contact and gestures to regulate and respond to social interactions CAO_01166 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-22 19:04:07 Reynell developmental language scales The Reynell Developmental Language Scales measures language skills in young or developmentally delayed children. The scales include 1) verbal comprehension scale to assess receptive language skills, and 2) expressive language scale to assess expressive language skills. CAO_01167 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-08 0:32:01 Macarthur communicative development inventories CDIs a parent-report measure of language development in children between 8 and 30 months of age. The infant (8-16 months) form comprises vocabulary checklists, actions, and gestures, while the toddler (16-30 months) form comprises vocabulary, sentences, and grammar. CAO_01168 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:16:52 Autism diagnostic observation schedule ADOS Series of structured and semi-structured tasks that involve social interaction between the examiner and the subject. Subject is given opportunities to exhibit social and communication behaviors relevant to autism. CAO_01169 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 23:01:44 Modified erickson scale of communication attitudes S24 a questionnaire designed to understand how the participant feels about communication, often used in speech therapy CAO_01170 Natalie Picchetti 2011-04-19 16:52:32 Delayed response task No definition submitted yet. CAO_01171 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 19:42:11 Spatial delayed response task OMDR SDR oculo-motor delayed response subjects focus on a fixation cross while a dot-shaped cue appears elsewhere on the screen; after this the fixation cross is replaced by several geometric shapes, one of which the participant must respond to, and when the fixation cross appears again the participant must indicate where the cue had appeared. CAO_01172 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 18:44:42 Picture-word stroop test PWST participants view line drawings of commons objects paired with either congruent or incongruent names thereof (e.g. a drawing of an umbrella with the word and#34;BALLOONand#34; or and#34;UMBRELLAand#34; above it) CAO_01173 Scott Love 2011-08-05 4:29:05 Synchrony judgment task SJ simultaneity judgment task Participants decide whether the unimodal cues to a crossmodal event (stimulus) were in temporal synchrony or not, i.e., whether they were and#34;in synchand#34; or and#34;out of synchand#34;. CAO_01174 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:24:47 Position of gap match task participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position CAO_01175 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 23:22:18 Length match task part of the BIrmingham Object Recognition Battery; participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length CAO_01176 Scott Love 2011-08-05 4:30:50 Temporal order judgment task TOJ Participants decide which of two (or more) unimodal cues (e.g. audio or video) was presented first (or sometimes second) in a crossmodal stimulus. Alternatively, unimodal (auditory, visual or tactile) temporal order judgments generally involve deciding which of two spatial locations was presented first. CAO_01177 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 19:19:40 Immediate memory task IMT a number between 2 and 7 digits is displayed for a brief period and is followed briefly by a blank screen, then another number to which participants respond only if it is identical to the first. CAO_01178 Birgit Nierula 2011-08-25 17:32:13 Heat stimulation A heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale CAO_01179 Birgit Nierula 2011-09-09 15:59:15 Heat sensitization-adaptation heat sensibilization - habituation tonic stimulation model with continuous visual analogue scale A long (~ 30 seconds or more) heat stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation continuously on a visual analogue scale CAO_01180 Birgit Nierula 2011-08-29 16:08:56 Rubber hand illusion One hand is occluded from sight and an artificial hand is lying in front of the participant. Synchronious paint brush strokes are applied to the same fingers of the occluded hand and the artificial hand. The participant rates the sense of ownership of the artificial hand on the Ownership Illusion Questionnaire or reports the felt position of his or her own hand against a ruler (proprioceptive drift). CAO_01181 Birgit Nierula 2011-08-30 15:52:54 Mechanical stimulation Pin tip stimulation A mechanical stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. CAO_01182 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:43:18 Dual sensitization tonic heat stimulation model Heat stimuli below, at, and above pain threshold (PT; stimulation interval: 30 – 40 seconds) are applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous pain ratings on a visual analogue scale. CAO_01183 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:32:37 Thermal grill illusion Thunberg Illusion Innocuous warm and cool bars that are spatially interlaced are applied together to the skin and produce a painful burning sensation. The participant rates the experienced sensation. CAO_01184 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:31:19 Tonic pain stimulation A long pain stimulus (usually more than 20 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant gives continuous ratings on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot-cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimuli. CAO_01185 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:41:15 Phasic pain stimulation A short pain stimulus (usually up to 3 seconds) is applied to the skin and the participant rates the stimulus on a visual analogue scale. Pain can be induced with thermal (hot-cold), electrical or mechanical stimuli. CAO_01186 Birgit Nierula 2011-09-06 16:41:27 Cold stimulation A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the experienced sensation on a visual analogue scale. CAO_01187 Birgit Nierula 2011-09-08 15:34:33 Electric stimulation An electric stimulus is applied to the skin and the participant rates the perceived pain on a visual analogue scale. CAO_01188 Birgit Nierula 2011-09-09 15:23:13 Capsaicin-evoked pain Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chili peppers, is injected intradermally into the skin and participants rate the experienced sensation on a rating scale. CAO_01189 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:20:05 Cold pressor test The hand or foot is immersed into a bowl of iced water and participants report their sensation from first clear pain to unbearable pain on a scale. CAO_01190 Matt Craddock 2011-10-03 19:32:34 Sequential shape matching Participants are shown an object for a fixed period. After an interstimulus interval, typically with no intervening object presentations, a second object is presented. The second object is either the same or a different object. Typically, at least one other factor is manipulated. For example, the object may be presented from different viewpoints at each presentation. CAO_01191 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-10 23:51:27 Deterministic classification Is a feedback-driven learning task in which participants classify stimuli into different categories. A common version of this task is the and#34;weather prediction task.and#34; CAO_01192 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-11 0:31:18 Mixed event-related probe When an experimental run consists of blocks of two or more related behavioral tasks. For example, a mixed event-related probe in a classification learning experiment can consist of alternating blocks of probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials. CAO_01193 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-07 22:45:45 Intermodal preferential looking paradigm IPL IPLP Infants are trained to associate an image with a linguistic (often a nonsense word) cue and, during testing, hear this auditory cue and see its paired image next to a novel image. If the infant demonstrates a significant preference for the cue-paired word, this is considered evidence for the capacity for word learning. CAO_01194 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-11 14:39:09 Tone counting tone-counting A task in which a participant needs to count and remember the number of specific tones presented in an experimental run. CAO_01195 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-11 1:11:06 Single-task weather prediction single task weather prediction is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. CAO_01196 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-11 4:52:40 Dual-task weather prediction dual task weather prediction A task in which a subject must attend and respond to two different tasks contained in one experimental run; one task is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on whether the response was correct or incorrect. The other task requires the subject to listen to different tones and count the number of a specific tone. CAO_01197 Natalie Picchetti 2011-11-11 3:57:34 Classification probe without feedback is preformed after receiving training in the classification learning task. It is similar to the classification learning task but in this task the subject does not receive feedback. CAO_01198 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-15 19:55:31 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual Task in which subjects are presented with words that are either abstract or concrete nouns, and decide for each term whether it is abstract or concrete. CAO_01199 Russ Poldrack 2011-11-11 16:04:10 Object n-back An n-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects. CAO_01200 Russ Poldrack 2011-11-11 16:05:12 Object one-back task A one-back task in which the stimuli are images of visual objects CAO_01201 Russ Poldrack 2011-11-11 16:07:10 Word one-back task A one-back task on which subjects are presented with words or word-like stimuli CAO_01202 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:59:17 Monetary incentive delay task MID monetary incentive delay mid task task in which subject makes a response within a time window and is potentially rewarded for the response depending on their reaction time CAO_01203 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 14:56:48 Semantic decision task A task in which a subject makes a decision about the meaning of a stimulus. CAO_01204 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:29:50 Covert naming task covert production task A task in which subjects name a stimulus silently CAO_01205 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:00:06 Semantic relatedness task A task in which subjects judge whether a set of stimuli are related by meaning. CAO_01206 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:04:31 Auditory temporal discrimination task A task in which the subject discriminates auditory stimuli based on temporal characteristics. CAO_01207 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:06:36 Mental imagery task imagery task A task in which subjects create mental images CAO_01208 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:07:08 Verbal fluency task A test of the ability to verbally produce words. CAO_01209 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:09:49 Word comprehension task A task that measures the comprehension of word meaning. CAO_01210 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 22:14:24 Letter case judgment task case judgment task A task in which the subject decides whether letters are uppercase or lowercase. CAO_01211 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:13:09 Visually guided saccade task A task in which subjects make visually guided eye movements. CAO_01212 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:15:44 Categorization task Task in which a subject classifies stimuli into one of a set of categories CAO_01213 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:17:07 Navigation task A task in which the subject navigates a spatial layout. CAO_01214 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:18:33 Recall test A test in which the subject is asked to produce a list of previously studied items. CAO_01215 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:21:16 Abstract-concrete task abstract-concrete judgment A task in which subjects decide whether words are abstract or concrete. CAO_01216 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:31:09 Semantic classification task semantic categorization task A task in which the subject classifies stimuli based on meaning; the detection and classification of semantic relationships between worlds CAO_01217 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:24:21 Problem solving task A task in which subjects must solve a conceptual problem. CAO_01218 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:25:08 Spelling task A task in which subjects are asked to spell words. CAO_01219 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 19:44:26 Instrumental learning task instrumental conditioning task operant task A task in which a subject learns to respond through rewards. CAO_01220 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:30:41 Phonetic discrimination task A task in which the subject discriminates stimuli based on phonetic features. CAO_01221 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-08 0:08:51 Logical reasoning task Baddeleyand#39;s grammatical transformation task Baddeleyand#39;s logical reasoning task Over 32 trials participants see a phrase (e.g. and#34;A precedes Band#34;) and a letter sequence (e.g. and#34;ABand#34;) and must evaluate the relationship as true or false. CAO_01222 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:16:06 Attention switching task AST switching task A paradigm requiring subjects to switch between performing multiple different individual tasks. AST is a test of the participant’s ability to switch attention between the direction or location of an arrow on screen. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and ‘executive’ dysfunction. The test begins with an arrow in the centre of the screen which points either to the left or to the right. The participant is introduced to two buttons, one on the left and one on the right, and is asked to press a button corresponding to the direction in which the arrow is pointing. After this initial training, the participant is then told that the arrow might appear on the left or the right side of the screen, and depending on the cue given at the top of the screen, the participant must either press the left or right button to indicate on which side of the screen the arrow is displayed, or else press the left or right button to correspond with the direction in which the arrow is pointing. CAO_01223 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:43:13 Mental arithmetic task A task in which the subject performs arithmetic computations without an external means of recording their work. CAO_01224 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:44:20 Random number generation task A task in which the subject generates a series of random numbers. CAO_01225 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:46:07 Verb generation task A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb. CAO_01226 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:47:57 Cyberball task cyberball social exclusion task A task in which subjects view a set of balls interacting in game. At some point one of the balls is excluded from the game, simulating social exclusion. CAO_01227 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:50:35 Conjunction search task A task that requires the subject to search for a stimulus defined by a combination of visual features. CAO_01228 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:58:57 Multisource interference task MSIT a task in which the subject must resolve multiple sources of interference CAO_01229 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 22:17:42 Mentalizing task a task in which the participant is asked to reflect on their own and other peopleand#39;s thoughts and feelings and the causes thereof, often by describing characters in stories or placing themselves in charactersand#39; places CAO_01230 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:21:53 Copying task patients-participants copy pictures or geometric objects CAO_01231 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:59:12 Semantic task Any task that requires subjects to process the meaning of stimuli CAO_01232 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 15:59:49 Phonological task Any task that requires the subject to process the sound structure of words. CAO_01233 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 23:40:50 Semantic fluency task participants generate words to a given category (e.g. animals, foods) CAO_01234 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 23:35:02 Phonemic fluency task participants are to name as many words starting with a specified letter as possible in a given time interval CAO_01235 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:02:15 Semantic memory task A task requiring the subject to use knowledge retrieved from semantic memory. CAO_01236 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:04:03 Serial reaction time task SRT SRTT serial response time task CAO_01237 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 18:51:10 Gender discrimination task gender decision task gender judgment task participant is shown series of photos either of people in portraits or in scenes and asked to determine their gender CAO_01238 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 18:48:56 Global-local task Navon figure task Navon letters task participants view a stimulus composed of a large character (global) composed of smaller characters (local), e.g. a large and#34;Tand#34; formed by an assembly of smaller letters CAO_01239 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 0:00:01 Sentence-picture matching task participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence CAO_01240 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:14:33 Word-picture matching task picture-word matching task CAO_01241 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 22:33:30 Recency judgment task participants are presented with two lists of words, then (after a brief reasoning test) tested to recall whether a given word had appeared on the first or the second list presented CAO_01242 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 22:20:01 Passive avoidance task inactive avoidance task in animal models, aversion to an avoidable part of an apparatus is conditioned, and the animal is later tested for whether it will enter this area. CAO_01243 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 23:24:39 Fame judgment task participants are exposed to a list composed of famous and nonfamous names and then tested for recollection of which names are famous CAO_01244 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 20:57:09 Cambridge risk task participant predicts which of two mutually exclusive outcomes will occur, but critically, the larger reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the least likely outcome, whereas the smallest reward (and penalty) is associated with choice of the most likely outcome CAO_01245 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 22:25:32 Reappraisal task participants regulate their emotional states using cognitive strategies CAO_01246 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:23:54 Raven's advanced progressive matrices RAPM CAO_01247 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 23:26:34 Updating task participants are presented with lists of X items and be required to recall the N most recent; this means that the participant must hold in memory the first N items and, if X CAO_01248 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-19 0:01:09 Face working memory task face wm task a brief presentation of a face is followed by a delay during which participants are instructed to keep an image of the face in mind, followed by a test face they indicate to match or not to match the initial face CAO_01249 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 18:48:02 Object working memory task object wm task participants view a sequence of simple objects and after a short delay are instructed to name them in either a forward or backward sequence CAO_01250 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 23:11:03 Fitts task Fitts tapping task Fittsand#39; task any task requiring a rapid, aimed movement to acquire a target, the time of which is measured and, according to Fittsand#39; law, is generally inversely proportionate to distance required and target size CAO_01251 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 19:16:14 General knowledge task participants are asked to either assess a statement (e.g. and#34;Doctors go through extensive training,and#34;) or provide simple answers to questions (e.g. and#34;What color are emeralds?and#34; about the world CAO_01252 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:34:36 Short-term memory task STM task CAO_01253 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 22:15:22 Face matching task subjects view a reference face and must either simply compare two faces or select one of two differently-oriented comparison faces (e.g. reference face looks straight ahead while comparison face is a three-quarter view) that match it CAO_01254 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:54:36 Target detection task Refers broadly to a kind of task in which participants are to react to a target stimulus among distractor stimuli. Target detection tasks in the absence of competition are considered measures of sustained attention and not selective or divided attention, which are subsumed under cognitive control CAO_01255 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 19:53:17 Color-word stroop with task switching This is a modified Stroop task (Gauthier et al., 2012) that consists of two 60- second blocks each of control and Stroop conditions, interspersed with 60-second rest blocks. In total, there are 4 task and 5 resting blocks, for a total acquisition length of 9 minutes. During task blocks, control or Stroop events always lasts 2.5 seconds, preceded by 1.5 seconds with a fixation cross to maintain a constant gaze direction. For full details, see http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S0197458012005684 CAO_01256 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 16:40:46 Orthographic task A task that requires processing of letter structure CAO_01257 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 19:50:03 Living-nonliving task participants are shown pictures of nameable things and must indicate as quickly as possible whether each is living or nonliving CAO_01258 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 22:55:46 Phoneme detection task participants listen to a pseudowords and after a delay are asked whether they contained specific phonemes CAO_01259 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:09:19 Stop-change task A task in which the subject makes a discriminative response by default, but makes a different response upon presentation of a stop signal. CAO_01260 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:09:50 Visual search task CAO_01261 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 20:11:38 Prospective memory task participants are given goals either time-based (e.g. remembering to press a key every two minutes) or event-based (e.g. remembering to press a key when a given word appears on the screen) CAO_01262 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 18:36:38 Object naming task participants are shown a series of objects, sometimes as photos or as line drawings, typically selected for their commonality by previous experiments and-or articles CAO_01263 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 22:46:20 Contextual cueing task contextual cuing task participants perform visual search for targets among distractor stimuli in invariant or variable configurations randomly mixed within trials; because targets appear in the same locations within invariant configurations, these configurations function as a context cueing the participant. CAO_01264 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:18:37 Gambling task gamble task A class of tasks in which subjects make decisions about chance gambles. CAO_01265 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-16 21:26:38 Wason card selection task Wason card task Wason task selection task a logic puzzle in which participants must decide which cards are consistent with selection criteria CAO_01266 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:19:33 Syntactic task A class of tasks involving the processing of linguistic syntax. CAO_01267 Russ Poldrack 2013-04-23 18:12:12 Mirror tracing task participant is to draw a specified pattern while only seeing their hand from a mirrored perspective CAO_01268 Melissa Lewis 2012-06-25 16:44:15 Artificial grammar learning task AGL participant is presented with a series of letter strings constructed according to an artificial and finite set of rules, after which the participant must determine whether new strings follow or violate the grammar established by the first series. CAO_01269 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 18:34:35 Dot motion task RDM task dot-motion task moving-dot task random-dot motion task participants view an array of dots of which some proportion is moving in a particular direction and the rest are moving in another. CAO_01270 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 19:27:27 Color naming task CAO_01271 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 20:21:40 Autobiographical memory task in a semi-structured interview a participant is asked to recall recent events (within one week, within one month) in his or her own life, and this recollection is compared with report(s) from a and#34;collateral source,and#34; a person close to the participant CAO_01272 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 16:56:35 Negative priming task The participant selects a target in the presence of one or more distractors; the negative priming arises between consecutive trials, in which the participant must respond to a target on the current trial that had appeared as a distractor on the previous trial. CAO_01273 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 20:01:11 Analogical reasoning task any task investigating participant ability to find correspondences between structures of distinct mental representations CAO_01274 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 20:37:17 Bimanual coordination task participants are instructed to move their arms and-or hands according to a novel spatiotemporal relationship CAO_01275 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 23:32:57 Multi-attribute decision making task MADM participant is asked to make decisions with several criteria in mind, e.g. to decide whether to purchase a car while considering its cost, image, efficiency, comfort, etc. CAO_01276 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 19:05:01 Odd-even task participant is presented with a digit and instructed to assess whether it is odd or even CAO_01277 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-16 20:48:41 Biological motion task participant views stimuli composed of objects like points of light moving in several patterns to detect which of these correspond to biological motion CAO_01278 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 20:47:16 Spatial working memory task SWM refers broadly to a paradigm in which the participantand#39;s working memory for spatial characteristics of stimuli is tested, such as the SWM in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). SWM is a test of the participant’s ability to retain spatial information and to manipulate remembered items in working memory. It is a self-ordered task, which also assesses heuristic strategy. This test is a sensitive measure of frontal lobe and ‘executive’ dysfunction. It has been shown in recent studies that impaired performance on SWM emerges as a common factor in prepsychosis. The test begins with a number of coloured squares (boxes) being shown on the screen. The aim of this test is that, by touching the boxes and using a process of elimination, the participant should find one blue ‘token’ in each of a number of boxes and use them to fill up an empty column on the right hand side of the screen. The number of boxes is gradually increased, until it is necessary to search a total of eight boxes. The colour and position of the boxes used are changed from trial to trial to discourage the use of stereotyped search strategies. CAO_01279 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 20:53:51 Social judgment task broadly describing many disparate subtasks, a social judgment task typically describes one in which participants are asked to decide what other people are thinking or would think, or to interpret their behavior CAO_01280 Russ Poldrack 2012-01-28 20:04:47 Relational reasoning task CAO_01281 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-30 20:48:35 Prototype distortion task participant is trained to categorize high and low distortions of a dot array prototype, and are then tested for recognition when shown the prototype, its distortions, and random arrays CAO_01282 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-18 23:37:22 False belief task and#34;The ‘standard version’ of the false belief task presents the child with a character, Sally, who leaves a desirable object such as a chocolate in her basket, before departing the scene. In her absence, another character, Anne, removes the object and places it in a box. Children are asked to predict, on Sallyand#39;s return to the room, where Sally will look for the object (or, sometimes, where she thinks the object is). Four-year-olds tend to succeed at this task – correctly attributing a false belief to Sally, saying that she will look for the object in the basket – while younger children tend to fail.and#34; CAO_01283 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-31 20:29:52 Shadowing task participants are to repeat target words as quickly as possible under various conditions, and when primed, after a brief interval CAO_01284 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 22:00:56 Parity judgment task Participants must judge whether two numbers, either Arabic or verbal (as words), are equal. CAO_01285 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-24 17:50:02 Numerosity estimation task participants estimate number of targets CAO_01286 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 0:05:56 Verbal working memory task VRM Verbal Recognition Memory A class of tasks involving the online maintenance and-or manipulation of verbal information. The Verbal Recognition Memory test, which assesses immediate and delayed memory of verbal information under free recall and forced choice recognition conditions, should provide comparable results. In the VRM test, the participant is shown a list of 12 words, one at a time, and then asked to: 1)produce as many of the words as possible immediately following the presentation. 2)recognize the words they have seen before from a list of 24 words containing the original 12 words and 12 distractors. 3)following a delay of 20 minutes, recognize the words they have seen before from another list of 24 words containing the original list and 12 new distractors. CAO_01287 Melissa Lewis 2012-07-23 20:41:09 Memory guided saccade task participants fixate on a cross in the center of a screen while a visual cue appears elsewhere on screen; they are instructed that once the fixation cross disappears, they are to direct a saccade to the place where the cue had been CAO_01288 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:20:02 Big-little circle BLC The Big-Little Circle test assesses comprehension, learning and reversal. It is also intended to train participants in the general idea of following and reversing a rule, before proceeding to the Intra-Extradimensional Shift test (IED), so should ideally precede the IED task in a battery. Participants must first touch the smaller of the two circles displayed, then, after 20 trials, touch the larger circle for 20 further trials. CAO_01289 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:33:21 Minimal feature match task participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the object’s most distinctive feature is reduced CAO_01290 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:34:40 Foreshortened view task participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the objectand#39;s principle axis is foreshortened CAO_01291 Melissa Lewis 2012-05-23 18:37:10 Drawing from memory task participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces CAO_01292 Carinna Torgerson 2012-11-28 18:58:57 Partial report procedure Participants are given several sets of characters or stimuli to respond to. In Sperlingand#39;s version of the task, participants are cued to recall just one subset. Due to the fact that participants did not know which row would be cued for recall, performance in the partial report condition can be regarded as a random sample of an observerand#39;s memory for the entire display. Another version involves participants responding by pressing a button when they see only a certain stimulus out of a set appear. CAO_01293 Carinna Torgerson 2012-11-28 19:29:15 Implicit association task IAT A task designed to measure automatic associations, particularly those which are often affected by social desirability bias in self-report measures. They test the association of positive and negative words or images with certain concepts such as race, gender, religion, self-esteem, and sexuality. Respondents to the IAT experience a higher (conscious, controlled, explicit, reflective, analytic, rational, etc.) level of mental operation, when they try to overcome the effects of the automatic associations, and thus a longer response time when they answer counter to their implicit associations. CAO_01294 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 23:12:23 Spatial recognition memory SRM This is a test of visual spatial recognition memory in a 2-choice forced discrimination paradigm. This test is often used, in conjunction with Pattern Recognition Memory (PRM) , before the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test, as both these tests help to train the participant for PAL. PRM and SRM contain different elements of PAL and the results considered together help to decide on the exact nature of the cognitive deficit being considered. The participant is presented with a white square, which appears in sequence at five different locations on the screen. In the recognition phase, the participant sees a series of five pairs of squares, one of which is in a place previously seen in the presentation phase. The other square is in a location not seen in the presentation phase. As with the PRM test, locations are tested in the reverse of the presentation order. This sub-test is repeated three more times, each time with five new locations CAO_01295 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 17:13:13 Delay conditioning a subtype of classical conditioning in which the conditional stimulus (CS) is presented and, during this presentation, a biologically relevant unconditional stimulus (US) is also presented. Afterward the subject is tested for its reaction to the CS in isolation. CAO_01296 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 18:40:39 Counterconditioning a CS already paired with a particular US is associated with a second US that is often incompatible with the first US CAO_01297 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 19:44:45 Operant task instrumental conditioning task instrumental learning task participant learns to associate a particular outcome with a particular effort and characteristics thereof (e.g. frequency, strength) CAO_01298 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-09 20:43:45 Npu-threat test participants are variably exposed to aversive stimuli and cues thereof while being monitored for their behavioral and physiological responses CAO_01299 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-13 22:54:44 Psychophysics task stimuli within and-or across modalities are presented to participants, who are then to detect and-or estimate their presence or magnitude CAO_01300 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 22:31:01 Ambiguous figure task a kind of psychophysical task, participants view a stimulus that can be perceived as oriented and-or moving in more than one way CAO_01301 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-14 23:17:14 Apparent verticality judgment AV task participants make judgments of their verticality after holding specific body orientations for some duration CAO_01302 Melissa Lewis 2012-08-15 21:23:15 Contrast detection task a psychophysical task in which participants are to discriminate between a nonzero low-contrast stimulus and a blank CAO_01303 Carinna Torgerson 2012-11-28 19:56:00 Symbol counter task Participants observe a stimulus sequence comprising triangles and rectangles, keeping two counts, one for the triangles and one for the rectangles. Once each stimulus appears, participants update the appropriate mental count and then press a key to proceed to the next trial. Garavan’s central finding was that the reaction times signaled by the key press were longer when the incremented counter was different from the counter incremented on the previous trial (a switch trial) than when the same counter was incremented again (a no-switch trial). Garavan interpreted this switch–no-switch reaction time (RT) difference (the ‘‘switching effect’’) as an index of the time required to switch attention from one internal counter to another, suggesting that the internal focus of attention was limited in capacity. CAO_01304 Melissa Lewis 2012-10-31 5:12:14 Facial recognition task participants are shown faces expressing various emotions and asked to describe what emotion they believe is being expressed, sometimes also in conjunction with physiological (including neurophysiological) measures CAO_01305 Carinna Torgerson 2012-12-06 19:37:11 Time wall a small object moving at constant velocity passes behind an opaque barrier. The task is to estimate the moment when the object will reappear. It differs from a number of other time-estimate tasks in that discrete mediating responses such as counting or taping are of no direct obvious aid. CAO_01306 Natalie Picchetti 2013-05-02 5:23:07 Stop signal task with letter naming A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response. CAO_01307 Daniel Pine 2012-12-29 15:34:37 Attention bias dot-probe Attention bias refers to the tendency for an emotional stimulus to influence attention. The term is most typically used to refer to biases related to emotional content, typically in bottom-up-capture attention tasks. CAO_01308 Natalie Picchetti 2012-12-29 15:35:53 Incidental encoding task A task in which the subject is creating new memories without purposely knowing that memorization is the task at hand. Their memories are created thorough working in their environment and picking up information in the process. CAO_01309 Natalie Picchetti 2013-05-02 4:43:54 Space fortress The Space Fortress videogame is used as a platform for investigating skill learning. The game was originally developed by cognitive psychologists at the University of Illinois, as a tool to study learning and training strategies. Notably, it is one of the few cognitive training tools that has shown transfer of training to real-world performance. Flight students that trained on Space Fortress performed better on a battery of real-world flight tests, and were more likely to be selected to pursue pilot training compared to a no-training control group. Studies have also found that learning Space Fortress with a strategy that involves flexibly shifting attention to different aspects of the game results in improved learning. Thus, the Space Fortress game serves as a great tool for studying how the brain acquires new, complex skills, and how the trained ability can extend to new contexts. (http:--fcon-1000.projects.nitrc.org-indi-retro-Train-39.html) Another version of the task involved performing an oddball task while simultaneouly playing Space Fortress. CAO_01310 Natalie Picchetti 2012-12-29 16:44:05 Space fortress with oddball Space Fortress + Oddball Playing Space Fortress while simultaneously performing an oddball task. CAO_01311 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 23:17:12 Emotion recognition task ERT ERT measures the ability to identify emotions in facial expressions. The participant is shown a series of faces which appear on the screen briefly and asked to identify the emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise and fear). One hundred and eighty stimuli, which are computer morphed images derived from the facial features of real individuals each showing a specific emotion, are displayed on the screen, one at a time, in two blocks of ninety. Each face is displayed for a short while (200ms) and then immediately covered up, and then six buttons are displayed, each describing an emotion which could be portrayed in the photograph. The participant must decide which is the appropriate button to describe the emotion and touch the button. There are fifteen different photographs for each of the six emotions, each showing different levels of intensity. CAO_01312 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 23:26:02 Visual analogue scales VAS Visual Analogue Scales are psychometric response scales which can be used as a measurement instrument for subjective states. The CANTAB VAS assess subjective measurements of drug effect, energy levels, sickness, alertness and mood. The participant must respond to sixteen questions as they appear on the screen by touching the on-screen slider and moving it to the appropriate position on the scale. CAO_01313 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-16 23:52:53 Information sampling task IST The Information Sampling Task (IST) tests impulsivity and decision making. The participant is presented with a 5x5 array of grey boxes on the screen, and two larger coloured panels below these boxes. The participant is instructed that they are playing a game for points, which they can win by making a correct decision about which colour is in the majority under the grey boxes. They must touch the grey boxes one at a time, which open up to reveal one of the two colours shown at the bottom of the screen. Once a box has been touched, it remains open. When the participant has made their decision about which colour is in the majority, they must touch the panel of that colour at the bottom of the screen to indicate their choice. After the participant has indicated their choice, all the remaining grey boxes on the screen reveal their colours and a message is displayed to inform the participant whether or not they were correct. The colours change from trial to trial. At the end of a trial the grey boxes are displayed on the screen again at a speed which depends on how fast the trial was completed, so that there is always at least 30 seconds between trials. There are two conditions – the fixed win condition, in which the subject is awarded 100 points for a correct decision regardless of the number of boxes opened, and the decreasing win condition, in which the number of points that can be won for a correct decision starts at 250 and decreases by 10 points for every box touched. In either condition, an incorrect decision costs 100 points. CAO_01314 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 17:53:48 Nih toolbox words-in noise test WIN This test was developed by Dr. Richard Wilson to measure a person’s ability to recognize single words presented amid varying levels of background noise. It measures how much difficulty a person might have hearing in a noisy environment. A recorded voice instructs the participant to listen to and then repeat words. The task becomes increasingly difficult as the background noise gets louder. The best score that can be attained (35 correct) for either ear is -2.0 dB S-N, and the worst score (0 correct) is 26.0 dB S-N. Lower scores, therefore, are indicative of better performance on this test. CAO_01315 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 18:02:46 Nih toolbox picture vocabulary test TPVT This measure of receptive vocabulary is administered in a computerized adaptive format. That is, the next question a participant receives depends on his-her response to the previous question; Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) ensures a test that is tailored to the participant’s needs. The respondent is presented with an audio recording of a word and four photographic images on the computer screen and is asked to select the picture that most closely matches the meaning of the word. CAO_01316 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 18:18:04 Nih toolbox dimensional change card sort test DCCS DCCS is a measure of cognitive flexibility. Two target pictures are presented that vary along two dimensions (e.g., shape and color). Participants are asked to match a series of bivalent test pictures (e.g., yellow balls and blue trucks) to the target pictures, first according to one dimension (e.g., color) and then, after a number of trials, according to the other dimension (e.g., shape). “Switch” trials are also employed, in which the participant must change the dimension being matched. For example, after four straight trials matching on shape, the participant may be asked to match on color on the next trial and then go back to shape, thus requiring the cognitive flexibility to quickly choose the correct stimulus. CAO_01317 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 18:43:04 Nih toolbox list sorting working memory test List Sorting The List Sorting test requires immediate recall and sequencing of different visually and orally presented stimuli. Pictures of different foods and animals are displayed with accompanying audio recording and written text (e.g., “elephant”), and the participant is asked to say the items back in size order from smallest to largest, first within a single dimension (either animals or foods, called 1-List) and then on two dimensions (foods, then animals, called 2-List). CAO_01318 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 21:16:29 Nih toolbox oral reading recognition test oral reading Separate but parallel reading tests have been developed in English and Spanish. In either language, the participant is asked to read and pronounce letters and words as accurately as possible. The test administrator scores them as right or wrong. For the youngest children, the initial items require them to identify letters (as opposed to symbols) and to identify a specific letter in an array of four symbols. CAO_01319 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 22:03:09 Nih toolbox oral symbol digit test In this test, a coding key with nine abstract symbols is presented – each paired with a number between 1 and 9. Participants are asked to orally indicate which numbers go with symbols that are presented in a long string on the computer screen. The participant is given 120 seconds to call out as many numbers that go with the corresponding symbols as he-she can – without skipping any. This test is administered to ages 8-85 and takes approximately three minutes. The Oral Symbol Digit Test is a measure of processing speed. It can be administered as an accommodation in place of the Pattern Comparison processing Speed Test for those with significant motor limitations in the upper extremities. CAO_01320 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 22:33:33 Nih toolbox 9-hole pegboard dexterity test This simple test of manual dexterity records the time required for the participant to accurately place and remove nine plastic pegs into a plastic pegboard. The protocol includes one practice and one timed trial with each hand. Raw scores are recorded as time in seconds it takes the participant to complete the task with each hand (separate score for each). CAO_01321 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 22:52:50 Nih toolbox grip strength test This protocol is adapted from the grip strength testing protocol of the American Society of Hand Therapy. Participants are seated in a chair with their feet touching the ground. With the elbow bent to 90 degrees and the arm against the trunk, wrist at neutral, participants squeeze the Jamar Plus Digital dynamometer as hard as they can for a count of three. The dynamometer provides a digital reading of force in pounds. A practice trial at less than full force and one test trial are completed with each hand. CAO_01322 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 23:06:38 Nih toolbox standing balance test The Standing Balance Test is a measure developed to assess static standing balance. It involves the participant assuming and maintaining up to five poses for 50 seconds each. The sequence of poses is: eyes open on a solid surface, eyes closed on a solid surface, eyes open on a 18 foam surface, eyes closed on a foam surface, eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface. Detailed stopping rules are in place to ensure participant safety with these progressively demanding poses. Postural sway is recorded for each pose using an accelerometer that the participant wears at waist level. CAO_01323 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-07 23:21:03 Nih toolbox 4-meter walk gait speed test This test is adapted from the 4-meter walk test in the Short Physical Performance Battery. Participants are asked to walk a short distance (four meters) at their usual pace. Participants complete one practice and then two timed trials. Raw scores are recorded as the time in seconds required to walk 4 meters on each of the two trials, with the better trial used for scoring. CAO_01324 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-08 0:34:45 Nih toolbox 2-minute walk endurance test This test is adapted from the American Thoracic Society’s 6-Minute Walk Test Protocol. This test measures sub-maximal cardiovascular endurance by recording the distance that the participant is able to walk on a 50-foot (out and back) course in two minutes. The participant’s raw score is the distance in feet and inches walked in two minutes. CAO_01325 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 2:58:57 Nih toolbox hearing threshold test This automated audiometric test measures hearing thresholds at six different frequencies, separately in the left and right ears. The frequencies presented are: .5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kHz. On each trial, the participant’s task is to detect whether a pure tone was presented via headphones by answering yes (tone heard) or no (tone not heard). Catch trials are administered to detect false-alarm responses (cases where the participant says “yes” when no tone was presented). CAO_01326 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 3:11:35 Nih toolbox hearing handicap inventory This is the screening version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory; different versions are presented for adults (ages 18-64) and the elderly (ages 65+). Both versions are 10-item self-report measures of hearing-related disability that have been widely used in hearing research. Each of the ten items has three response options. Each item has three response options, assigned point values of 0, 2 or 4, with higher scores indicative of more of a self-reported problem for each item. The score provided for the test is thus a total summed score, ranging from 0-40. CAO_01327 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 3:21:42 Nih toolbox taste intensity test This test measures the perceived intensity of quinine (a bitter tastant) and salt administered in liquid solutions. The tastants are each applied to the tip of the tongue as well as swished around in the whole mouth and are rated on a generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS). The gLMS is a measure of perceived intensity, with seven anchor labels provided (Strongest imaginable, Very strong, Strong, Moderate, Weak, Barely detectable, No sensation). Participants can rate their intensity by clicking with a computer mouse on any point on the scale from Strongest imaginable to No sensation. The computer records the exact location of the response. A score from 0-100 on a semi-logarithmic scale is produced for each of the four items (quinine whole mouth, salt whole mouth, quinine tip of tongue, salt tip of tongue), corresponding to the point on the gLMS where the participant clicked. A higher score represents greater perceived intensity of the tastant. CAO_01328 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 3:34:07 Nih toolbox visual acuity test This test directly measures participants’ visual acuity or distance vision. The participant is seated 12.5 feet away from a computer monitor at eye level, and letters (called “optotypes”) are displayed one at a time on the screen for the participant to identify, using both eyes at the same time, with the participant wearing his-her normal corrective lenses for distance vision (glasses or contact lenses), if worn. As the participant successfully identifies optotypes of a given size, smaller ones appear on the screen, until the computer program ascertains the smallest-size optotype the participant can successfully see. Conversely, the program displays larger optotypes if the participant cannot see the size that is first displayed, until a size that he-she can accurately see is found. For participants ages 3-7, only the letters H, O, T and V are used, and children may point to a laminated card showing the letters if they cannot verbalize or recall the letter names. For participants ages 8 and above, the entire set of optotypes is used, following a common protocol used in professional vision testing. This is the standard binocular visual acuity measure scored in LogMAR units. CAO_01329 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 3:44:35 Nih toolbox vision-related quality of life survey This Toolbox Supplemental measure assesses an individual’s self-reported quality of life related to visual function in six different areas: color vision, distance vision, near vision, ocular symptoms, psycho-social and role performance. The participant responds to 53 questions, most of which start with, “How much,” “To what extent,” or “How much of a problem,” choosing from a list of answer options ranging from “Not difficult at all” to “Very difficult.” CAO_01330 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 3:50:48 Nih toolbox dynamic visual acuity test DVA This test is a measure of gaze stability during head movement, which helps identify individuals who may have a deficit of the vestibular system (which regulates internal balance). First, the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test must be administered, followed by the DVA Test. Participants are again seated 12.5 feet from a computer monitor at eye level. For the DVA Test, participants wear lightweight headgear that contains a rate sensor and are asked to move the head back and forth, as if indicating “no.” Once the head is measured to be moving at greater than 180 degrees per second by the rate sensor, an optotype flashes on the monitor, and the participant is asked to identify it. As with the Visual Acuity Test, only the letters H, O, T and V are used for ages 3-7, while ages 8+ use the entire letter set. Smaller optotypes are displayed as the participant correctly identifies letters, and larger ones are displayed if the participant cannot correctly identify the letter shown, until the computer has calculated the smallest size that the participant can see with the head moving. This is calculated separately for head rotation leftward and rightward from center (though the participant continues shaking the head both ways), and this performance is compared to the participant’s visual acuity when the head was stationary (the NIH Toolbox Visual Acuity Test score, sometimes referred to as “static” visual acuity in the context of the DVA test). The difference between static and dynamic visual acuity represents the vestibular contribution to gaze stability. DVA scoring, as with visual acuity, is based in LogMAR units CAO_01331 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 4:04:55 Nih toolbox odor identification test This task assesses a person’s ability to identify various odors. Participants use scratch-andsniff cards and after scratching them one at a time, are asked to identify which of four pictures on the computer screen matches the odor they have just smelled. Participants ages 10-85 are administered nine odor cards, while those ages 3-9 are administered five odor cards. Child participants (ages 3-9 years) are first asked to identify the eight pictures used as answer choices to ensure they can complete the task. Having identified the pictures, they are asked if they have tasted or smelled the objects or foods depicted. CAO_01332 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 4:12:24 Nih toolbox pain intensity survey This measure consists of a single item measuring immediate (i.e., acute) pain in adults. It asks a participant to rate level of pain experienced “over the last seven days.” The single item is simply scored on a 0-10 scale, with 0 representing no pain, and 10 representing the “worst imaginable pain.” CAO_01333 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 4:14:28 Nih toolbox pain interference survey This brief self-report scale measures the degree to which pain interferes with other activities in life in adults. Pain interference items were developed as part of the NIH PROMIS. Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from “not at all” to “very much” on questions about how much pain interferes with aspects of one’s life. The survey is scored using IRT methods. CAO_01334 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 8:04:22 Nih toolbox positive affect survey This self-report measure assesses both activated (i.e., happiness, joy) as well as unactivated (i.e., serenity, peace) aspects of positive affect. Affect is defined as and#34;feelings that reflect a level of pleasurable engagement with the environment, such as happiness, joy, excitement, enthusiasm and contentment.and#34; Each item administered has a 5-point scale with options ranging from “not at all” to “very much.” Each survey is scored using IRT methods. CAO_01335 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-14 8:21:23 Nih toolbox general life satisfaction survey This self-report measure assesses global feelings and attitudes about oneand#39;s life. A CAT is used for adults, a CAT version is used for ages 13-17, and a 5-item fixed-length form is used for ages 8-12, as well as for the parent-report version with ages 3-12. Items administered include those with both 5-point and 7-point scales, with options in each case ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” The self-report surveys are scored using IRT methods, whereas the parent-report version is scored as a raw sum. CAO_01336 Russ Poldrack 2013-01-15 16:21:58 Articulatory suppression task A short-term memory task in which the subject must produce irrelevant speech while maintaining information in memory. CAO_01337 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-15 20:45:35 Nih toolbox meaning and purpose survey This is a self-report measure administered only to ages 18-85 as a CAT. In addition, a fixed-length self-report form is available for ages 18-85 as a supplemental measure. Items administered use a 5-point scale, with options ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree,” or from “not at all” to “very much.” The survey is scored using IRT methods. CAO_01338 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 0:11:21 Graded naming test GNT The Graded Naming Test, developed by Professor Elizabeth Warrington and Dr Pat McKenna in 1980 , has been used extensively in cognitive neuropsychology. The Graded Naming Test (GNT) avoids the problem of ceiling effects in previous naming tests by having subjects name drawings of objects in ascending difficulty. Reduced efficiency in retrieving the name of an object can be the first and only indication of impaired language functioning. This test assesses object-naming ability, but is in addition graded in difficulty to allow for individual differences. This means that it may be able to detect any word-finding difficulty even in those with an extensive naming vocabulary. Currently available in UK English only (this test is culturally biased and there are no alternative versions at present). CAO_01339 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 19:06:37 One touch stockings of cambridge OTS One Touch Stockings of Cambridge is a spatial planning task which gives a measure of frontal lobe function. OTS is a variant of the Stockings of Cambridge task and places greater demands on working memory as the participant has to visualise the solution. As for SOC (Stockings of Cambridge), the participant is shown two displays containing three coloured balls. The displays are presented in such a way that they can easily be perceived as stacks of coloured balls held in stockings or socks suspended from a beam. This arrangement makes the 3-D concepts involved apparent to the participant, and fits with the verbal instructions. There is a row of numbered boxes along the bottom of the screen. The test administrator first demonstrates to the participant how to use the balls in the lower display to copy the pattern in the upper display, and completes one demonstration problem, where the solution requires one move. The participant must then complete three further problems, one each of 2 moves, 3 moves and 4 moves. Next the participant is shown further problems, and must work out in their head how many moves the solutions to these problems require, then touch the appropriate box at the bottom of the screen to indicate their response. CAO_01340 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 19:18:34 Reaction time RTI Reaction Time (RTI) is a latency task with a comparative history (the five choice task) and uses a procedure to separate response latency from movement time. It is more useful than CRT or SRT where it is necessary to control for tremor. The task is divided into five stages, which require increasingly complex chains of responses. In each case, the participant must react as soon as a yellow dot appears. In some stages the dot may appear in one of five locations, and the participant must sometimes respond by using the press-pad, sometimes by touching the screen, and sometimes both. CAO_01341 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-17 19:30:42 Rapid visual information processing RVP Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP) is a test of sustained attention (similar to the Continuous Performance Task) and has proved useful in many studies in which drugs are used to help develop a disease model.. It is sensitive to dysfunction in the parietal and frontal lobe areas of the brain and is also a sensitive measure of general performance. A white box appears in the centre of the computer screen, inside which digits, from 2 to 9, appear in a pseudo-random order, at the rate of 100 digits per minute. Participants are requested to detect target sequences of digits (for example, 2-4-6, 3-5-7, 4-6-8) and to register responses using the press pad. CAO_01342 Vanessa Sochat 2015-05-04 18:43:12 Match to sample visual search MTS Match to Sample Visual Search (MTS) is a matching test, with a speed-accuracy trade-off. It is a simultaneous visual search task with response latency dissociated from movement time. Efficient performance on this task requires the ability to search among the targets and ignore the distractor patterns which have elements in common with the target. This test can help to differentiate between Parkinsonand#39;s disease and Alzheimerand#39;s disease, and also between Lewy Body dementia and Alzheimerand#39;s disease. The participant is shown a complex visual pattern (the sample) in the middle of the screen, and then, after a brief delay, a varying number of similar patterns is shown in a circle of boxes around the edge of the screen. Only one of these boxes matches the pattern in the centre of the screen, and the participant must indicate which it is by touching it. Reaction time is measured on the basis of the release of the press-pad, which allows for its more accurate measurement. CAO_01343 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-18 18:32:12 Penn conditional exclusion test PCET A measure of abstraction and concept formation by hypothesis testing, where the principle shifts after its discovery is established.. Subjects decide which of 4 objects does not belong with the other 3 based on one of three sorting principles (e.g., shape, size, line thickness). Sorting principles change after 10 successive correct responses, and feedback is used to guide discovery of the principle and indicate its change. There are 4 alternate forms available. An accuracy score is calculated by multiplying the proportion of correct responses by the number of categories attained (out of 3 possible). CAO_01344 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-18 18:48:20 Penn word memory test PWMT The Penn Word Memory Test presents 20 target words that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for frequency, length, concreteness and low imageability. The participant’s score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils. Median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. A 20 min delayed recall procedure is also administered. CAO_01345 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-24 16:11:00 Penn face memory test PFMT presents 20 digitized faces that are then mixed with 20 distractors equated for age, gender and ethnicity. The participant’s score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. CAO_01346 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-18 23:29:53 Visual object learning test VOLT uses Euclidean shapes as stimuli with the same paradigm as the CNB word and face tests. The participant’s score reflects the number of correctly recognized targets and correctly rejected foils, and again median response times for correct responses serves as a measure of speed. The procedure is repeated at 20 min delay. Two forms are available for each test. CAO_01347 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 21:17:22 Wais-information The examinee 29 answers questions that address a broad range of general knowledge topics. This subtest measures the ability to acquire, retain, and retrieve general factual information. CAO_01348 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 21:34:33 Wais digit span For Digit Span Forward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in the same order. For Digit Span Backward, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in reverse order. For Digit Span Sequencing, the examinee is read a sequence of numbers and recalls the numbers in ascending order. This subtest measures working memory, mental manipulation, cognitive flexibility, rote memory and learning, attention, and encoding. CAO_01349 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 21:45:20 Wais vocabulary For picture items, the examinee names the object presented visually. For verbal items, the examinee defines words that are presented visually and orally. This subtest measures word knowledge and verbal concept formation. 35 words are defined in this measure of expressive word knowledge. It correlates very highly with Full Scale IQ. CAO_01350 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 21:59:59 Wais arithmetic Working within a specified time limit, the examinee mentally solves a series of 14 arithmetic story type problems. This subtest measures mental manipulation, concentration, attention, short- and long-term memory, numerical reasoning ability, and mental alertness. Tests distractibility as well as numerical reasoning. CAO_01351 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 22:13:57 Wais comprehension The examinee answers questions based on his or her understanding of general principles and social situations. This subtest measures verbal reasoning and conceptualization, verbal comprehension and expression, the ability to evaluate and use past experience, and the ability to demonstrate practical knowledge and judgment. CAO_01352 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 23:04:09 Wais similarities The examinee is presented two words that represent common objects or concepts, and asked to describe how two seemingly dissimilar items might in fact be similar. This subtest measures verbal concept formation and reasoning. CAO_01353 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 23:14:58 Wais picture completion Working within a specified time limit, the examinee views a picture with an important part missing and identifies the missing part. This subtest measures visual perception and organization, concentration, and visual recognition of essential details of objects. CAO_01354 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-28 23:34:00 Wais picture arrangement The subject is given 10 small pictures and asked to arrange them in a logical sequence. CAO_01355 Carinna Torgerson 2013-01-29 1:03:04 Wais object assembly The subject is given 4 puzzles (like jigsaw puzzles) and must put together the pieces to form the intended shape. CAO_01356 Natalie Picchetti 2013-02-27 22:46:56 Criteria task criteria criteria task A decision making task designed to test how individuals can use different criteria to classify perceptual stimuli. In the criteria with line stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if lines are and#34;bigand#34; or and#34;smalland#34; compared to a criterion line that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion line to use for their decisions. In the criteria with dot stimuli version of the task, participants are asked to decide if a matrix of dots is and#34;bigand#34; or and#34;smalland#34; compared to a matrix of dots that can differ in size. At the beginning of each block of trials, they are shown which criterion matrix of dots to use for their decisions. CAO_01357 Natalie Picchetti 2013-05-02 5:23:47 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming A task in which an external stimulus signals the participant to interrupt an already-initiated motor response. CAO_01358 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 18:53:57 Change detection task The subject is presented with an array, then after a short delay, presented with a second array. In the no-change condition, the second array is identical to the first. In the change condition, the second array differs by a single item. Subjects must identify whether a change has occurred or not, and if so, are often asked to point out the change. Other versions target different sensory abilities, such as auditory change detection or face change detection. CAO_01359 Carinna Torgerson 2013-03-28 19:10:47 Ax-dpx Dot Pattern Expectancy An alternative version of the AX-CPT in which the letter stimuli are replaced with simple dot patterns derived from Braille language. Dot patterns are more easily parametrically manipulated, and require less time between stimuli presentations because they are not as easily stored in working memory as letters, thus increasing the proportion of errors. CAO_01360 Chris Gorgolewski 2016-05-13 19:01:05 Delayed intention task Subjects are presented with a cue indicating which of several tasks to perform. After a delay phase, they see a task screen and perform the task. Typically, brain activity related to the tasks is analyzed during the delay period. CAO_01361 Russ Poldrack 2013-04-23 18:13:00 Mirror reading task A task in which subjects are presented with mirror-reversed written stimuli and asked to process them in some way. CAO_01362 Russ Poldrack 2013-04-23 18:15:59 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words Subjects are presented with words in either plain text or mirror-reversed format, and are asked to judge whether the stimulus refers to a living or nonliving object. Items are presented in a mixed fashion and separated by whether each stimulus is a switch in presentation form from the previous trial. CAO_01363 Natalie Picchetti 2013-05-02 5:37:44 Reversal weather prediction is a feedback driven classification learning task in which a subject is presented with a stimuli (ex-geometric shapes) and has to classify them into one of two categories (ex-rainy or sunny weather), and then receives feedback on if the response was correct or incorrect. This may or may not be presented with other stimuli (ex-tones of different frequencies), but the goal of the task is to only pay attention the the classification task at hand. This is the same task as the weather prediction task but with the reward contingencies reversed CAO_01364 Markos Sellis 2013-05-29 17:16:16 Mcgurk effect McGurk-MacDonald effect An auditory illusion discovered by H. McGurk and J. MacDonald, demonstrating the contribution made by visible face movements to normal speech perception CAO_01365 Frederick Verbruggen 2013-06-21 15:15:09 Psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm In this task, participants are required to select responses for two stimuli. The intervals between the two stimuli vary, but are usually so brief that the second stimulus often appears before the response to the first one is finished. CAO_01366 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:17:05 Autism spectrum quotient AQ The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is used to assess if adults of average intelligent have symptoms typical of individuals in the autism spectrum. Published by Simon Baron-Cohen at the Autism Research Centre in Cambridge in 2001, it consists of fifty questions to assess social and communication skills, as well as imagination, attention to detail, and attention switching. Subscales: social skill (items 1,11,13,15,22,36,44,45,47,48) attention switching (items 2,4,10,16,25,32,34,37,43,46) attention to detail (items 5,6,9,12,19,23,28,29,30,49) communication (items 7,17,18,26,27,31,33,35,38,39) imagination (items 3,8,14,20,21,24,40,41,42,50) Each of the items listed above scores 1 point if the respondent records the abnormal or autistic-like behavior either mildly or strongly. “Definitely agree” or “slightly agree” responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 33, 35, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46. “Definitely disagree” or “slightly disagree” responses scored 1 point, on the following items: 3, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 38, 40, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50. Baron-Cohen, S., et al. (2001). and#34;The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome-High-Functioning Autism, Malesand Females, Scientists and Mathematicians.and#34; Journal of Autism andamp; Developmental Disorders 31(1): 5-17. CAO_01367 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-10 22:30:29 Piaget's water jar task water jug problem water jug task This task tests whether children understand the principle of conservation, or the idea that two objects are still equivalent after a transformation of one of them. Specifically, the and#34;Water Jar Taskand#34; tests if children have attained and#34;conservation of liquid quantity.and#34; The child is asked to assess if the same amount of water in different glasses is in fact equal. CAO_01368 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-12 15:25:27 Social responsiveness scale SRS SRS-2 The social responsiveness scale (SRS) is a 65 item rating scale used to assess social awareness, social information processing, capacity for reciprocal social communication, social anxiety-avoidance, and autistic preoccupations and traits. The original SRS is completed by a parent or teacher for children from 4 to 18 years of age. The second version of the SRS is extended to 2.5 years into adulthood, validated on a larger sample, and allowing for self-report. Subscales Include: 1. Social Awareness 2. Social Cognition 3. Social Communication 4. Social Motivation 5. Restricted Interests and Repetitive Behavior Additionally, the Total Score reflects overall severity of social deficits. CAO_01369 Vanessa Sochat 2013-08-22 21:23:09 Children's memory scale CMS The Childrenand#39;s Memory Scale (CMS) assesses attention, declarative memory, and learning for children from 5 to 16 years of age, specifically with subscales that reflect 1) Attention-Concentration, 2) Verbal Immediate, 3) Verbal Delayed, 4) Delayed Recognition, 5) Visual Immediate, 6) Visual Delayed, 7) Learning, and 8) General Memory. http:--link.springer.com-referenceworkentry-10.1007%2F978-0-387-79948-3-1532-fulltext.html CAO_01370 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-24 15:38:14 Social communication questionnaire ASQ Autism Screening Questionnaire SCQ The Social Communication Questionnaire consists of 40 yes-no questions (answered by parents) to screen for autism spectrum disorders in children four years of age and older. Specifically, the questions ask about social functioning and communication skills. Two forms of the SCQ include the Lifetime and Current, which assesst behaviors for each of those periods. Theoretically derived subscales include 1) Reciprocal Social Interaction subscale, 2) Communication subscale, and 3) Restricted, Repetitive, and Stereotyped Patterns of Behavior subscale, although they have not been formally validated. Questions 20 through 40 (Lifetime) focus on behaviors occurring between the ages of 4 and 5. Total scores can range from 0 to 39 The first question is a language screening item that is not included in the final score. Total SCQ raw score of ≥ 15 is highly suggestive of ASD CAO_01371 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:14:54 Aberrant behavior checklist - community ABC ABC-C The Aberrant Behavior Checklist- Community version (ABC-C) is a symptom checklist for assessing problem behaviors of children and adults with mental retardation, to be completed by a parent, educator, or care-giver. The community version is specifically for individuals living at home. The rater is asked to provide ratings for 58 specific symptoms to compute scores for the following subscales: 1. Irritability-Agitation ​ 2. Lethargy-Social Withdrawal 3. Stereotypic Behavior 4. Hyperactivity-Noncompliance 5. Inappropriate Speech http:--www.slossonnews.com-ABC.html CAO_01372 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:15:55 Adult behavior checklist ABC ABCL The Adult Behavior Checklist is a 126 item measure that assesses withdrawn, somatic, anxious-depressed, internalizing, intrusive, thought, attention, delinquent behavior, aggressive, and externalizing problems. CAO_01373 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:15:33 Adolescent symptom inventory ASI ASI-4 The Adolescent Symptom Inventory (4th version) is a 120 question rating scale that screens for 18 DSM-IV emotional and behavioral disorders in youths between 12 and 18 years old. These scores have shown a high correspondence with psychiatric diagnoses. CAO_01374 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:21:32 Broad autism phenotype questionnaire BAP The Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) is designed to measure the BAP (the Broad Autism Phenotype, a set of personality and language characteristics that reflect the phenotypic expression of the genetic liability to autism) in adults. The subscales include: aloof personality, rigid personality, and pragmatic language. http:--staff.science.uva.nl-~michiell-docs-HurleyEtAl2007.pdf CAO_01375 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:18:09 Battelle developmental inventory BDI The Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI) is an assessment for children (newborn to 7 years 11 months) that assesses early childhood developmental milestones in the domains of personal-social, adaptive, motor, communication, and cognitive ability. CAO_01376 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:18:45 Beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration Beery VMI The Beery VMI is a screener for visual-motor deficits that can lead to learning, neuropsychological, and behavior problems, available in both a child and adult form. It also helps to assess the extent to which individuals can integrate their visual and motor abilities. http:--www.pearsonassessments.com-HAIWEB-Cultures-en-us-Productdetail.htm?Pid=PAg105 CAO_01377 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:19:35 Big five questionnaire BFQ The BFQ is a self-report measure for assessing the big five personality dimensions of energy-extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional instability, and intellect-openness in youths. http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S019188690200051X CAO_01378 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:21:45 Broader phenotype autism symptom scale BPASS The Broader Phenotype Autism Symptom Scale (BPASS) measures traits that have likely effects on autism susceptibility genes, including social motivation, social expressiveness, conversational skills, and flexibility. http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-16868845 CAO_01379 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:21:04 Brief symptom inventory BSI The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) is a brief psychological self-report assessment intended to help measure psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in medical and community populations. It is a shorter version of the SCL-90-R. http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-6622612 CAO_01380 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-01 22:18:40 Child behavior checklist CBCL The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) obtains reports from parents, relatives, and-or guardians about competencies and behavioral or emotional problems relating to social relations and school performance. This metric is intended for ages 6 through 18, and measures anxiety, depression, somatic complaints, social problems, thought and attention problems, and rule-breaking and aggressive behavior. CAO_01381 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-01 23:09:51 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales CBRS The Conners Comprehensive Behavior Rating Scale(s) is an instrument designed to provide a complete overview of child and adolescent behaviors, emotions, academic, and social problems. These scales include the DSM-IV symptom scales. CAO_01382 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-09 21:24:44 Children's communication checklist CCC The Children’s Communication Checklist is a 70 item questionnaire that assesses childrenand#39;s speech, vocabulary, sentence structure, and social language skills, to be filled out by an adult or caregiver. language and pragmatics. CAO_01383 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-11 17:25:02 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale CES-D The CES-D scale is a short self-report scale designed to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population, and is composed of items from longer scales that have been previously validated. CAO_01384 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-14 19:48:08 Social competence questionnaire ComQ A questionnaire to assess social competence in children. CAO_01385 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-14 19:57:45 Conners 3rd edition Conners 3 The Conners 3 is an extended version of the Connersand#39; Rating Scales-Revised that, in addition to the original metrics, assesses comorbid disorders such as Oppositional Defiant Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. Specifically, it addresses: General Psychopathology Inattention Hyperactivity-Impulsivity Learning Problems Executive Functioning Aggression Peer Relations Family Relations ADHD Inattentive ADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD Combined Oppositional Defiant Disorder Conduct Disorder CAO_01386 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-14 20:39:04 Children's psychiatric rating scale CPRS The Childrenand#39;s Psychiatric Rating Scale (CPRS) is a multidimensional rating scale of childhood psychopathology. It is not diagnostic, but rather a broad-ranging rating scale of symptoms and behaviors which may contribute to diagnosis. In addition, the scoring system enables the rating of severity of symptoms and presentation. Since the scale measures the presence or absence of symptoms over a particular period of time, it is a useful instrument of treatment efficacy and has regularly been the instrument of choice employed in clinical trials. For more information, see http:--www.springerreference.com-docs-html-chapterdbid-334435.html CAO_01387 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:16:40 Autism diagnostic interview - revised ADI-R the ADI-R is a comprehensive interview that provides a thorough assessment of individuals suspected of having autism or other autism spectrum disorders. It has proven highly useful for formal diagnosis as well as treatment and educational planning. CAO_01388 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-17 18:09:13 Comprehensive test of phonological processing CTOPP The CTOPP-2 can be used to help evaluate phonological processing abilities as a prerequisite to reading fluency. The revised version of this popular assessment is now appropriate for use with children as young as 4 years old. http:--www.pearsonassessments.com-HAIWEB-Cultures-en-us-Productdetail.htm?Pid=CTOPP2 CAO_01389 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-17 18:27:32 Children's yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale CY-BOCS a widely used measure of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom severity in youth. CAO_01390 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-17 18:36:30 Expressive vocabulary test EVT The Expressive Vocabulary Test assesses receptive and expressive vocabulary, and word retrieval. CAO_01391 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-19 18:03:54 Expressive one word-picture vocabulary test EOWPVT The Expressive One Word-Picture Vocabulary Test assesses English speaking vocabulary and verbal intelligence for individuals age 2 to 95 years. http:--portal.wpspublish.com-portal-page?-pageid=53,272879andamp;-dad=portalandamp;-schema=PORTAL CAO_01392 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-19 18:11:09 Leiter international performance scale Leiter The Leiter International Performance Scale is an intelligence test for children ages 2 to 18 in the form of a strict performance scale. The test purports to and#34;provide a nonverbal measure of general intelligence by sampling a wide variety of functions from memory to nonverbal reasoning.and#34; Because of the exclusion of language, it claims to be more accurate than other tests when testing children who cannot or will not provide a verbal response, including children who are non native speaking, or have autism, traumatic brain injury, speech impairment, and hearing problems. Scales and subscales include: Reasoning: Classification Sequential order Repeated patterns Design analogies Visualization: Matching Figure-ground Paper folding Figure rotation Picture context Form completion Memory: Memory span (Forward) Memory span (Backward) Immediate recognition Delayed recognition Associative memory Associative delayed memory Spatial memory Visual coding Attention: Attention sustained (marking one kind of figures printed on a page with several different figures) Attention divided (observing a display and simultaneously sorting cards correctly) http:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Leiter-International-Performance-Scale CAO_01393 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-19 19:00:39 Mullen scales of early learning Mullen The Mullen Scales of Early Learning encompass five scales used to assess cognitive and motor ability and development. Specifically, including Gross Motor, Visual Reception, Fine Motor, Expressive Language, and Receptive Language. CAO_01394 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-19 19:09:55 Pdd behavior inventory PDDBI The Pervasive Developmental Disorder Behavioral Inventory assess responsiveness to intervention in children with a pervasive developmental disorder. The extended form assesses two categories, each including a set of subscales: Approach-Withdrawal Problems: Sensory-Perceptual Approach Ritualisms-Resistance to Change Social Pragmatic Problems Semantic Pragmatic Problems Arousal Regulation Problems (extended form) Specific Fears (extended form) Aggressiveness (extended form) Receptive-Expressive Social Communication Abilities: Social Approach Behaviors Expressive Language Learning, Memory, and Receptive Language (extended form) CAO_01395 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-22 17:56:52 Preschool language scale PLS The Preschool Language Scale (PLS) provides a comprehensive assessment of language development, specifically it measures total language, auditory comprehension, and expressive communication. CAO_01396 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-22 18:06:54 Peabody picture vocabulary test PPVT The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) is a vocabulary assessment to assess receptive and expressive vocabulary performance. CAO_01397 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-24 15:59:31 Sensory profile The Sensory Profile is a test to assess sensory processing for a wide range of age groups. Domains (and subscles within domains) include: 1) Sensory processing domain: auditory processing, visual processing, vestibular processing, touch processing, and multi-sensory processing, oral processing. 2) Modulation domain: sensory processing related to endurance and tone, modulation related to body position and movement, modulation of movement affecting activity level, modulation of sensory input affecting emotional responses, modulation of visual input affecting emotional responses and activity level. 3) Behavior and emotional responses: emotional-social responses, behavioral outcomes of sensory processing, items indicating threshold for response. https:--www.pearsonassessments.com-HAIWEB-Cultures-en-us-Productdetail.htm?Pid=076-1638-008 CAO_01398 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-29 18:56:45 Stanford-binet intelligence scales The Stanford-Binet (SB) - the best and most popular intelligence test, is a Cognitive ability assessment used to measure intelligence (IQ). It measures five factors of cognitive ability: Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory. Each of these factors is tested in two separate domains, verbal and nonverbal. Subtests include: Vocabulary, Comprehension, Pattern Analysis, Quantitative, Bead Memory, and Memory for Sentences. http:--www.stanfordbinet.net- CAO_01399 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 16:47:14 Test of early language development TELD The Test of Early Language Development (TELD) is a standardized test to assess spoken language skills at early ages. Subtests include Receptive Language and Expressive Language, and these metrics yield an overall Spoken Language score. CAO_01400 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 17:06:13 Test of adolescent and adult language TOAL The Test of Adolescent and Adult Language (TOAL) measures spoken and written language abilities of adolescents and young adults with varying degrees of knowledge of the English language. It includes the following six subtests: Word opposites, word deviations, spoken analogies, word similarities, sentence combining, and orthographic usage. Composite scores include spoken language, written language, and general language. CAO_01401 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 17:36:34 Test of language development TOLD The Test of Language Development (TOLD) provides six subtests that measure components of spoken language, including 1) Sentence Combining, 2) Picture Vocabulary, 3) Word Ordering, 4) Relational Vocabulary, 5) Morphological Comprehension, and 6) Multiple Meanings. CAO_01402 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 21:31:01 Vineland adaptive behavior scales Vineland The Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales are the leading instrument for supporting the diagnosis of intellectual and developmental disabilities. It assesses an individual in the domains of communication, daily living skills, socialization, motor skills, and a maladaptive behavior index. CAO_01403 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-30 22:20:33 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile CSBS The Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Development Profile (CSBS) is an assessment to pick up early delays in social communication, expressive speech-language, and symbolic functioning. CAO_01404 Vanessa Sochat 2013-10-31 16:08:06 Differential ability scales DAS The Differential Ability Scales (DAS) make an assessment about how a child processes information, and at cognitive abilities that are important for learning. Specifically, the test measures verbal and visual working memory, immediate and delayed recall, visual recognition and matching, processing and naming speed, phonological processing, and understanding of basic number concepts. CAO_01405 Vanessa Sochat 2013-11-29 19:17:34 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire ECBQ The Early Childhood Behavioral Questionnaire encompasses 18 scales, and 201 items to measure several aspects of temperament in toddlers. A short form (107 items; 18 scales), and a very short form (36 items; 3 broad scales) are available. http:--www.bowdoin.edu-~sputnam-rothbart-temperament-questionnaires-instrument-descriptions-early-childhood-behavior.html CAO_01406 Vanessa Sochat 2013-11-29 19:37:55 Early development interview (EDI) EDI The Early Development Interview measures the following: Communication Repetitive Behavior Regulatory Social Sensory Tone Family Changes Child Medical Events Stressful Events http:--ndar.nih.gov-ndar-data-dictionary.html?short-name=edi01 CAO_01407 Vanessa Sochat 2013-11-29 19:56:16 Expressive one-word picture vocabulary test EOWPVT The Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test can be used to assess expressive language for individuals who have experienced stroke, concussion, traumatic brain injury, or neurodegenerative disease. The test provides a comprehensive assessment of expressive and receptive vocabulary. http:--www.proedinc.com-customer-productView.aspx?ID=2166 CAO_01408 Vanessa Sochat 2013-11-29 22:12:38 Halstead-reitan battery The Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery is a combination of neuropsychological tests used to assess the possible physical aspects and localization of neurological damage. Trails A and B Verbal Fluency Halstead Category Test Spatial Positional Reasoning Tactual Performance Test Rhythm Test Speech Sounds Perception Test Finger Oscillation Test and several ancillary tests. See: http:--www.minddisorders.com-Flu-Inv-Halstead-Reitan-Battery.html for details. CAO_01409 Vanessa Sochat 2013-12-02 19:32:27 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task jasnot This task makes an assessment of the extent that a child can respond to different stimuli, or exhibit joint attention: http:--ndar.nih.gov-ndar-data-dictionary.html?short-name=jasnot01 I was not able to find the original paper detailing the task. CAO_01410 Vanessa Sochat 2013-12-02 19:47:30 Judgment of line orientation task jol This test is a standardized measure of visuospatial judgment. See http:--www4.parinc.com-Products-Product.aspx?ProductID=JUDGMENTLINE CAO_01411 Vanessa Sochat 2013-12-02 20:00:44 Kaufman brief intelligence test K-BIT KBIT The Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (K-BIT) measures both verbal and nonverbal ability. http:--www.pearsonclinical.com-psychology-products-100000390-kaufman-brief-intelligence-test-second-edition-kbit2.html CAO_01412 Vanessa Sochat 2013-12-02 22:23:51 Loneliness rating scale LRS The loneliness rating scale is a 40 item questionnaire to assess current level of loneliness. http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-16367513 CAO_01413 Russ Poldrack 2014-04-10 12:43:30 Overt word repetition Subjects are presented auditorily with words and asked to repeat them aloud. CAO_01414 Russ Poldrack 2014-04-10 12:45:52 Covert verb generation task A task in which subjects are presented with nouns and generate an associated verb silently. CAO_01415 Russ Poldrack 2014-04-10 12:47:43 Tapping task Subjects are instructed to move a body part corresponding to a picture. The following instructions were issued: “You have to tap your index finger when you see a picture of a finger, flex your foot when you see a picture of a foot, and purse your lips when you see a picture of lips”. CAO_01416 Russ Poldrack 2014-04-10 12:50:22 Landmark task Subjects performed two alternate tasks, namely tell if a horizontal line is crossed precisely in the middle (LANDMARK) and tell if a horizontal line is crossed at all (DETECTION). The following instructions were used: “Press the button with your left index finger if the line is bisected in the middle otherwise press the button with your right finger” or “Press the button with your left index finger if the line is crossed otherwise press the button with your right finger”. CAO_01417 Bob Spunt 2014-07-14 21:06:35 Why-how task why-how localizer yes-no why-how task The Why-How Task is a neuroimaging task for manipulating and measuring abstract conceptualization of sensory stimuli, especially social stimuli. In the version validated in Spunt and Adolphs (2014, NeuroImage), participants answer attributional (why) and factual (how) questions about visual social scenes using a yes-no manual response. The Why-How manipulation is attentional: Each photograph appears once as the target of a Why question, and once as the target of a How question. A standardized version of this task is available for download here: http:--bobspunt.com-whyhow-localizer-. Further information can be acquired in the following paper: Spunt, R. P., andamp; Adolphs, R. (2014). Validating why-how the contrast for functional MRI studies of Theory of Mind. NeuroImage. 99, 301-311. CAO_01418 Vanessa Sochat 2015-02-20 2:31:00 Rest eyes closed Subjects rest passively with their eyes closed. Often used as a baseline for comparison for other tasks. CAO_01419 Russ Poldrack 2015-03-06 4:45:53 Think-no-think task A task in which subjects are cued to either remember or suppress the memory for a specific association that was previously learned. CAO_01420 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:26:59 Working memory fmri task paradigm This is the and#34;working memoryand#34; task used in the Human Connectome Project. The category specific representation task and the working memory task are combined into a single task paradigm. Participants were presented with blocks of trials that consisted of pictures of places, tools, faces and body parts (non-mutilated parts of bodies with no “nudity”). Within each run, the 4 different stimulus types were presented in separate blocks. Also, within each run, ½ of the blocks use a 2-back working memory task and ½ use a 0-back working memory task (as a working memory comparison). A 2.5 second cue indicates the task type (and target for 0-back) at the start of the block. Each of the two runs contains 8 task blocks (10 trials of 2.5 seconds each, for 25 seconds) and 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds). On each trial, the stimulus is presented for 2 seconds, followed by a 500 ms inter-task interval (ITI). Potential Additional Event Related Contrasts: Researchers can also use the TAB.txt E-Prime data files to generate the following potential event-related contrasts: http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Appendix-VI.pdf http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf References for Working Memory: Localizer (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006); Reliable across subjects (Drobyshevsky et al. 2006) and time (Caceres et al. 2009). CAO_01421 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:25:52 Motor fmri task paradigm This task was adapted from the one developed by Buckner and colleagues (Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011). Participants are presented with visual cues that ask them to either tap their left or right fingers, or squeeze their left or right toes, or move their tongue to map motor areas. Each block of a movement type lasted 12 seconds (10 movements), and is preceded by a 3 second cue. In each of the two runs, there are 13 blocks, with 2 of tongue movements, 4 of hand movements (2 right and 2 left), and 4 of foot movements (2 right and 2 left). In addition, there are 3 15-second fixation blocks per run. This task contains the following events, each of which is computed against the fixation baseline. This task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release. http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf References for Motor Task: Localizer (Morioka et al. 1995; Bizzi et al. 2008; Buckner et al. 2011; Yeo et al. 2011). CAO_01422 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:25:39 Language processing fmri task paradigm This task was developed by Binder and colleagues (Binder et al. 2011) and uses the E-prime scripts provided by these investigators. The task consists of two runs that each interleave 4 blocks of a story task and 4 blocks of a math task. The lengths of the blocks vary (average of approximately 30 seconds), but the task was designed so that the math task blocks match the length of the story task blocks, with some additional math trials at the end of the task to complete the 3.8 minute run as needed. The story blocks present participants with brief auditory stories (5-9 sentences) adapted from Aesop’s fables, followed by a 2-alternative forcedchoice question that asks participants about the topic of the story. The example provided in the original Binder paper (p. 1466) is “For example, after a story about an eagle that saves a man who had done him a favor, participants were asked, “Was that about revenge or reciprocity?” The math task also presents trials aurally and requires subjects to complete addition and subtraction problems. The trials present subjects with a series of arithmetic operations (e.g., “fourteen plus twelve”), followed by “equals” and then two choices (e.g., “twenty-nine or twentysix”). Participants push a button to select either the first or the second answer. The math task is adaptive to try to maintain a similar level of difficulty across participants. For more details on the task, please see (Binder et al. 2011). References for Language Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation (Binder et al. 2011). This task is included in the Human Connectome Project. http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf CAO_01423 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:23:05 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm Participants were presented with short video clips (20 seconds) of objects (squares, circles, triangles) that either interacted in some way, or moved randomly on the screen. These videos were developed by either Castelli and colleagues (Castelli et al. 2000) or Martin and colleagues (Wheatley et al. 2007). After each video clip, participants judge whether the objects had a mental interaction (an interaction that appears as if the shapes are taking into account each other’s feelings and thoughts), Not Sure, or No interaction (i.e., there is no obvious interaction between the shapes and the movement appears random). Each of the two task runs has 5 video blocks (2 Mental and 3 Random in one run, 3 Mental and 2 Random in the other run) and 5 fixation blocks (15 seconds each). References for the Social Cognition Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation (Castelli et al. 2000; Castelli et al. 2002; Wheatley et al. 2007; White et al. 2011). This task is used in the Human Connectome Project. http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf CAO_01424 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:26:23 Relational processing fmri task paradigm This task was adapted from the one developed by Christoff and colleagues (Smith et al. 2007). The stimuli are 6 different shapes filled with 1 of 6 different textures. In the relational processing condition, participants are presented with 2 pairs of objects, with one pair at the top of the screen and the other pair at the bottom of the screen. They are told that they should first decide what dimension differs across the top pair of objects (differed in shape or differed in texture) and then they should decide whether the bottom pair of objects also differ along that same dimension (e.g., if the top pair differs in shape, does the bottom pair also differ in shape). In the control matching condition, participants are shown two objects at the top of the screen and one object at the bottom of the screen, and a word in the middle of the screen (either “shape” or “texture”). They are told to decide whether the bottom object matches either of the top two objects on that dimension (e.g., if the word is “shape”, is the bottom object the same shape as either of the top two objects. For both conditions, the subject responds yes or no using one button or another. For the relational condition, the stimuli are presented for 3500 ms, with a 500 ms ITI, and there are four trials per block. In the matching condition, stimuli are presented for 2800 ms, with a 400 ms ITI, and there are 5 trials per block. Each type of block (relational or matching) lasts a total of 18 seconds. In each of the two runs of this task, there are 3 relational blocks, 3 matching blocks and 3 16-second fixation blocks. References for the Relational Processing Task: Localizer (Smith et al. 2007). This task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 Dataset Release http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf CAO_01425 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:24:32 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm This task was adapted from the one developed by Hariri and colleagues (Hariri et al. 2002). Participants are presented with blocks of trials that either ask them to decide which of two faces presented on the bottom of the screen match the face at the top of the screen, or which of two shapes presented at the bottom of the screen match the shape at the top of the screen. The faces have either an angry or fearful expression. Trials are presented in blocks of 6 trials of the same task (face or shape), with the stimulus presented for 2000 ms and a 1000 ms ITI. Each block is preceded by a 3000 ms task cue (“shape” or “face”), so that each block is 21 seconds including the cue. Each of the two runs includes 3 face blocks and 3 shape blocks, with 8 seconds of fixation at the end of each run. This task is included in the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data release. http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf References for the Emotion Processing Task: Localizer (Hariri et al. 2002); Moderate reliability across time (Manuck et al. 2007). CAO_01426 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:25:05 Gambling fmri task paradigm gambling task This task was adapted from the one developed by Delgado and Fiez (Delgado et al. 2000). Participants play a card guessing game where they are asked to guess the number on a mystery card (represented by a “?”) in order to win or lose money. Participants are told that potential card numbers range from 1-9 and to indicate if they think the mystery card number is more or less than 5 by pressing one of two buttons on the response box. Feedback is the number on the card (generated by the program as a function of whether the trial was a reward, loss or neutral trial) and either: 1) a green up arrow with “$1” for reward trials, 2) a red down arrow next to -$0.50 for loss trials; or 3) the number 5 and a gray double headed arrow for neutral trials. The “?” is presented for up to 1500 ms (if the participant responds before 1500 ms, a fixation cross is displayed for the remaining time), following by feedback for 1000 ms. There is a 1000 ms ITI with a “+” presented on the screen. The task is presented in blocks of 8 trials that are either mostly reward (6 reward trials pseudo randomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 loss trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 loss trials) or mostly loss (6 loss trials pseudorandomly interleaved with either 1 neutral and 1 reward trial, 2 neutral trials, or 2 reward trials). In each of the two runs, there are 2 mostly reward and 2 mostly loss blocks, interleaved with 4 fixation blocks (15 seconds each). This task is part of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) 500 subject data relase. http:--humanconnectome.org-documentation-S500-HCP-S500+MEG2-Release-Reference-Manual.pdf References for Gambling Task: Reliable across subjects and robust activation in fMRI (Delgado et al. 2000; May et al. 2004; Tricomi et al. 2004; Forbes et al. 2009) CAO_01427 Corey White 2015-04-03 20:47:54 Tone matching The tone matching task is designed to measure pitch perception. Subjects are presented with pairs of tones and are asked to indicate whether they sounded the same or different. Source: http:--davidileitman.com-tone-matching-task- CAO_01428 Corey White 2015-04-18 21:44:06 Deviance detection Detect the change in sound from one stimulus to another CAO_01429 Corey White 2015-03-30 21:42:01 Regularity and change detection CAO_01430 Corey White 2015-03-30 21:45:14 Speech detection CAO_01431 Corey White 2015-04-20 21:21:46 Bistability When viewing an image with multiple interpretations, subjective perception alternates stochastically between the different interpretations. CAO_01432 Corey White 2015-04-18 22:12:24 Tone detection (JND) just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time CAO_01433 Corey White 2015-04-07 22:32:38 Vernier discrimination task observers judge whether one line is displaced above or below a second line CAO_01434 Corey White 2015-04-12 20:31:05 Contour integration task observers are asked to detect the presence of a contour of Gabor elements embedded in a background of similar but otherwise unrelated elements CAO_01435 Corey White 2015-04-12 19:57:10 Perceptual closure task the ability to form coherent mental pictures with very little visual information. Perceptual closure is a process whereby an incomplete stimulus is perceived to be complete. CAO_01436 Corey White 2015-04-12 21:06:56 Parallel-serial search Visual search task In a serial search, you look at one item at a time, and respond as soon as you see a target. In a parallel search, you look at multiple items at a time and the relevant aspect of the target can be detected quickly regardless of how many distractors there are. CAO_01437 Corey White 2015-04-12 20:41:32 Contour interpolation task Contour interpolation mechanisms allow perception of bounded objects despite incomplete edge information. CAO_01438 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:05:14 Lateral facilitation CAO_01439 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:06:41 Coherent motion CAO_01440 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:08:44 Multistability CAO_01441 Corey White 2015-04-20 19:44:50 Figure ground task find the figure that is embedded in the background, ignoring the background CAO_01442 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:12:36 Visual illusion susceptibility CAO_01443 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:13:59 Cross modality CAO_01444 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:15:23 Perceptual organization CAO_01445 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:17:28 Object perception task CAO_01446 Corey White 2015-04-12 19:54:10 Object recognition task Object recognition is the ability to perceive an object’s physical properties (such as shape, colour and texture) and apply semantic attributes to the object, which includes the understanding of its use, previous experience with the object and how it relates to others. CAO_01447 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:21:20 Retinotopic representation CAO_01448 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:22:12 Local computation CAO_01449 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:24:12 Object classification CAO_01450 Michael Hanke 2015-06-19 12:08:28 Auditory scene perception Any task that requires the perception of complex auditory stimuli, such as music CAO_01451 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:42:47 Gating CAO_01452 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:44:27 Self monitoring task CAO_01453 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:46:23 Action-perception loop CAO_01454 Corey White 2015-03-31 21:54:57 Intensity for somatosensory stimulation CAO_01455 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:16:18 Auditory masking task Auditory masking occurs when the perception of one sound is affected by the presence of another sound. CAO_01456 Corey White 2015-04-03 20:51:05 Re-entrant processing CAO_01457 Corey White 2015-04-12 20:53:07 Emotion expression identification participants are presented with faces whose expressions slowly change from neutral to full intensity CAO_01458 Corey White 2015-04-12 21:09:07 Contrast sensitivity test A contrast sensitivity test measures your ability to distinguish between finer and finer increments of light versus dark (contrast). CAO_01459 Corey White 2015-04-03 20:54:21 Face identification task CAO_01460 Corey White 2015-04-07 22:21:27 Manipulation of isi The interstimulus interval (ISI) is the temporal interval between the offset of one stimulus to the onset of another CAO_01461 Corey White 2015-04-03 20:58:55 Novelty detection task CAO_01462 Corey White 2015-04-09 21:58:25 Spatial cuing paradigm spatial cueing task has been used to measure manual and eye-movement reaction times to target stimuli in order to investigate the effects of covert orienting of attention in response to different cue conditions. CAO_01463 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:16:28 Attentional blink paradigm Attentional blink is a phenomenon observed in rapid serial visual presentation. When presented with a sequence of visual stimuli in rapid succession at the same spatial location on a screen, a participant will often fail to detect a second salient target occurring in succession if it is presented between 180-450 ms after the first one. CAO_01464 Corey White 2015-04-11 17:25:33 Inter-modal selective attention task subjects attend selectively to auditory or visual stimuli CAO_01465 Corey White 2015-04-03 21:34:15 Blocked channel-selection task CAO_01466 Corey White 2015-04-11 18:02:32 Distraction paradigm (capture) - CAO_01467 Corey White 2015-04-18 20:56:16 Ant task The ANT is a task designed to test three attentional networks in children and adults: alerting, orienting, and executive control. Efficiency of the alerting network is examined by changes in reaction time resulting from a warning signal. Efficiency of orienting is examined by changes in the reaction time that accompany cues indicating where the target will occur. The efficiency of the executive network is examined by requiring the participant to respond by pressing two keys indicating the direction (left or right) of a central arrow surrounded by congruent, incongruent or neutral flankers. CAO_01468 Corey White 2015-04-21 22:51:38 Sternberg item recognition task is a working memory task requiring participants to first encode a set of digits (encode-phase) and then to maintain them ‘on-line’ in WM while responding to each of the probe digits that follow by indicating whether or not it was a member of the memorized set (probe-phase). CAO_01469 Corey White 2015-04-18 22:42:05 Running memory running memory span task in running memory task , a list ends unpredictably and the last few items are to be recalled. CAO_01470 Corey White 2015-04-18 23:00:40 Simple span task The test begins with two to three numbers, increasing until the person commits errors. At the end of a sequence, the person being tested is asked to recall the items in order. CAO_01471 Corey White 2015-04-18 21:09:04 Continuous performance test - ax version A version of the continuous performance task in which subjects are told to make one response for the letter X when it was preceded by the letter A, and another response for all other stimuli. AX trials are and#34;target trialsand#34;; in these types of trials a valid cue is followed by a valid probe. The 3 other trial types are and#34;Non-target trialsand#34; in which either a valid cue is followed by an invalid probe (and#34;AYand#34; type trials) or an invalid cue is followed by either a valid or invalid probe (and#34;BXand#34; or and#34;BYand#34; probes, respectively). CAO_01472 Corey White 2015-04-21 22:09:33 Sequence encoding test the ability to encode a sequence of letters or words into memory in the presence or absence of distractors CAO_01473 Corey White 2015-04-21 22:42:56 Sequence reproduction requires tapping keys as rapidly and as accurately as possible to reproduce different finger movement sequences demonstrated on a visual display panel. CAO_01474 Corey White 2015-04-21 23:49:43 Transitive inference task Transitive inference is a form of inferential reasoning. For example, if A CAO_01475 Corey White 2015-04-21 23:52:19 Acquired equivalence Acquired equivalence is a paradigm in which generalization is increased between two superficially dissimilar stimuli (or antecedents) that have previously been associated with similar outcomes (or consequents). CAO_01476 Corey White 2015-04-21 23:56:10 Naming tasks Tests ability to retrieve words CAO_01477 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:43:59 Verbal description of visual depiction Verbal descriptions of visual depictions of events and states CAO_01478 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:45:01 Corpus analysis Linguistic corpus-based analysis of language output CAO_01479 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:33:54 Coherent-incoherent discourse distinction task Measures ability to distinguish between coherent and incoherent sentences and discourse CAO_01480 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:09:08 Discourse content questions CAO_01481 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:29:48 Listening and reading task Listening and reading times to critical words and regions in linguistic input CAO_01482 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:16:35 Eye tracking paradigms Patterns of eye movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input CAO_01483 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:15:52 Mouse tracking paradigms Patterns of motor movements to critical words and regions in linguistic input CAO_01484 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:18:41 Visual world paradigm Patterns of eye movements to non-verbal visual stimuli during spoken language comprehension CAO_01485 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:28:27 Manipulation of predictability and acceptability Manipulations of predictability and acceptability, at different levels of representation, in a linguistic input. CAO_01486 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:27:03 Manipulation of language and non-verbal behaviors Experimental manipulations of relationships between language and non-verbal behaviors CAO_01487 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:35:42 Sentence-discourse content test Measures the ability to answer questions about the content of sentences and discourse CAO_01488 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:38:14 Manipulation of individual words Experimental manipulations of different types of relationships between individual words in priming paradigms CAO_01489 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:41:27 Manipulation of coherence and cohesion Experimental manipulations of different types of coherence and cohesion between clauses in discourse CAO_01490 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:51:16 Surface properties of object paradigms For intermediate vision, nonlocal properties of images, transformations beyond retinotopic representations (e.g., surface properties of the object independent of light, head position) CAO_01491 Corey White 2015-04-05 18:55:50 Time-series of response time To extract variability and frequency domain analysis CAO_01492 Corey White 2015-04-11 17:15:21 Non-spatial cuing paradigm Unlike in spatial cuing task where left, right, up, down arrows shows the direction to which the stimuli appear, in non-spatial cuing task the directions right, left, up, and down are replaced by the words e.g., quick, slow, good, and bad avoiding providing spatial cues to the stimuli. CAO_01493 Vanessa Sochat 2015-12-01 20:49:30 Muller-lyer illusion An optical illusion consisting of a stylized arrow. CAO_01494 Corey White 2015-04-21 21:15:47 Motion processing CAO_01495 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-27 17:02:30 Predictive-inference helicopter task This task involves repeatedly predicting the next in a sequence of numbers. The inference problem is embedded in a cover task in which the number corresponded to the horizontal position at which a bag of money would drop from a helicopter concealed behind clouds. The objective is to catch coins in a bucket by predicting where the bag lands, and this is equivalent to inferring the generative mean (i.e., the position of the helicopter) and centering the bucket at that position. Learning rate can be measured by the shift in the participantand#39;s prediction and the prediction error. The description above, as well as full details of the task: http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S0896627314009118#sec4 CAO_01496 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-27 17:37:38 Contextual semantic priming task This task presents blocks of fixation and words, with the words varying in the degree to which they are predictable (given the context of the previous words). On each trial, a fixation cross is presented followed by a visual prompt (asterisk) and a sequence of five centrally presented words (in lower case). The experimental variable is the predictability of the terminal, target word, represented in four conditions (Congruent == highly predictable,Incongruent == target word is highly predictable, but the prediction was violated by presenting a terminal word that was inappropriate given the context, Scrambled == initial four words did not establish a context for a grammatical sentence and the target word was not predictable, and Letter String == meaningless letter strings of identical consonants as a control). After presentation of the target word, the participant is asked if the sentence is meaningful. The above description was derived from (and full details are available) here: http:--www.jneurosci.org-content-34-8-2871.full CAO_01497 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:23:39 Becker-degroot-marschak (BDM) procedure This is an economics-derived task that broadly measures willingness to pay (WTP). Implementations generally involve the participant formulating a bid, and comparing the bid to a randomly generated price. If bid CAO_01498 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 18:26:00 Cue approach task This task is a type of cue-approach training in which participants observe images of individual food items presented for 1 s and are instructed to press a button as fast as possible (before the image disappears) only when they hear a tone (i.e., Go trials). There is no feedback to the participants regarding the success of the button press in the allotted time window. Full details can be read about: http:--www.nature.com-neuro-journal-v17-n4-full-nn.3673.html CAO_01499 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:24:46 Functional localizer fmri tasks This is a simple and fast acquisition procedure based on a 5-minute functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence that can be run as easily and as systematically as an anatomical scan. This protocol captures the cerebral bases of auditory and visual perception, motor actions, reading, language comprehension and mental calculation at an individual level. Individual functional maps are reliable and quite precise. This description, and full details are available at: http:--www.unicog.org-pm-pmwiki.php-Site-FunctionalLocalizer CAO_01500 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-27 19:05:38 Ultimatum game (UG) A social interactive bargaining task that measures social preferences via the degree to which participants accept unfair and unequal offers. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Ultimatum-game CAO_01501 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:22:41 Social bargaining fmri task This is an instantiation of the Ultimatum Game (UG) in fMRI. In this game, a proposer is charged with splitting a sum of money with a partner. The responder decides either to accept or reject this proposed offer. If accepted, the money is split as suggested, but if rejected then neither player receives anything. The parterns can be a combination of real people, computers. Offers are preceded by a picture of the partner for that round, and partner pictures are randomly paired to an offer amount. Full details of the task are available: http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pmc-articles-PMC3594719- CAO_01502 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-27 22:04:52 Multi-attribute reward-guided decision task Participants are trained on the relative likelihood of receiving a reward on a set of images,and#34;stimuli,and#34; and a set of button presses, and#34;actions,and#34; and learn action-reward probabilities and stimulus-reward probabilities (pS) separately by performing pairwise choices between two randomly selected alternatives from each set. Choosing the better or worse of the two options gives positive or negative feedback (smiley and sad faces). For the actual task, participants performed a three-option choice task in which each option comprised one previously learned stimulus and one previously learned action. They are instructed to weight stimulus and action information equally on each trial and select the best option to obtain points that subsequently converted into monetary reward. This summarized text, and full details are available: http:--www.nature.com-neuro-journal-v17-n11-full-nn.3836.html#f1 CAO_01503 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 18:35:21 Social judgment of faces task This task aims to measure social judgment in the domains of trustiness, attractiveness, happiness, and cognitive age. Participants are shown pictures of human faces, are required to compare the face pair based on 4 different questions: “(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,” “More attractive?,” “Happier?,” and “Older?.” CAO_01504 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 19:33:31 Perceptual discrimination task Participants are asked to distinguish a gabor display that is and#34;popping outand#34; from one that is not, and rate their confidence on the decision on a scale of 1 (low confidence) to 6 (high confidence). Full details are available: http:--www.jneurosci.org-content-33-42-16657.full#F1 CAO_01505 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-27 23:20:02 Numerical working memory task a sequence of numeric stimuli was encoded and participants were intermittently probed regarding the parity of the prior stimulus. CAO_01506 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 18:39:03 Associative memory encoding task declarative memory encoding task Broadly, participants are taught to visually identify a facial feature or face, link a phonological cue or name to that feature or face, and either recall the associated name-cue or recognize it from a list Specifically, this is an associative memory encoding task for which participants are asked to remember names paired with pictures of faces, and rate their confidence on the assertion. CAO_01507 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 16:56:06 Object rating task Any task where participants are asked to evaluate preferences for one or more stimuli on a scale. CAO_01508 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 18:52:56 Social influence for food preferences task This task assesses the impact of social influence on ratings for healthy and unhealthy foods. Participants are shown images of foods, and asked to rate how much they would like to eat each food on a scale [1,8]. Participants are then shown an and#34;averageand#34; rating from their peers that will either be much lower, higher, or the same, and this procedure is followed by another block to ask participants to re-evaluate foods after exposure to the peer ratings. Paper is available at: http:--ssnl.stanford.edu-publications (Social norms shift behavioral and neural responses to foods. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.) CAO_01509 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-30 18:48:18 Complex trait judgment task This task aims to measure judgment in the domains of trustworthiness (social), attractiveness (social), happiness (affective), and cognitive age (cognitive). Participants are presented with stimuli are required to evaluate each voice based on 4 different questions: “(Who do you regard as) More trustworthy?,” “More attractive?,” “Happier?,” and “Older?.” Judgments may be made based on stimuli including voices, faces, or other characteristics. CAO_01510 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:41:14 Motion discrimination task direction discrimination task any task for which a participant views stimuli with some proportion moving in a particular direction and must decide the direction the stimuli is moving in CAO_01511 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 17:50:16 Consensus decision-making task A participant must come to consensus with a set of other participants on a choice between two items. If consensus is reached, the item is obtained and the next block begins. If consensus is not reached, the next trial contains the same choice. If consensus is not reached by the end of the block, no item is gained. The experiment uses actual people, and the control condition uses has th participant interacting with a computer algorithm. Full details: http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S0896627315002159 CAO_01512 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-30 0:52:51 Stop signal walking task with stroop Participants walk around a virtual reality environment controlled by a foot pedal and must respond to STOP and WALK commands. In a low cognitive load condition, participants respond to these commands verbatim. In a high cognitive load condition, participants are presented with stroop stimuli, and congruent words == WALK, and incongruent words == STOP. Full details: http:--journals.plos.org-plosone-article?id=10.1371-journal.pone.0052602 CAO_01513 Vanessa Sochat 2015-04-28 18:16:31 Bistable percept paradigm a computer-based task that requires participants to evaluate a battery of monochromatic “monostable” and “bistable” percepts and impaired performance on this task distinguishes those PD patients who experience VH. From: http:--onlinelibrary.wiley.com-doi-10.1002-hbm.22321-full CAO_01514 Corey White 2015-05-05 20:50:46 Manipulation of predictability CAO_01515 Chris Gorgolewski 2015-05-11 17:21:05 Audio narrative Audio narratives tell stories through sound alone: narration, interviews, live and archival sound recordings, environmental soundscapes, sound effects, found sounds, etc. Audio narratives use storytelling along with other audio means to create intimate experiences through characters, plot, and setting. CAO_01516 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-20 20:08:41 Pittsburgh sleep quality index PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a self-rated questionnaire which assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a 1-month time interval. Nineteen individual items generate seven and#34;componentand#34; scores: subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The sum of scores for these seven components yields one global score. from http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-2748771 CAO_01517 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-21 18:16:39 Adult adhd clinical diagnostic scale ACDS A primary diagnostic measure developed to establish the presence of current adult symptoms of ADHD. This is an 18-item, clinician-based, semistructured interview hat employs adult-specific language to ensure adequate probing of adult manifestations of ADHD symptoms. The 18 items in the scale correspond to the 18 diagnostic criteria in the DSM criteria. From: http:--www.adhdandyou.com-hcp-adult-adhd-screening.aspx CAO_01518 Vanessa Sochat 2015-06-21 18:27:48 Young mania rating scale YMRS The Young Mania Rating Scale is an eleven-item, multiple-choice diagnostic questionnaire that psychiatrists use to measure the severity of manic episodes in patients. The scale was originally developed for use in the evaluation of adult patients who were suffering from bipolar disorder, but has since been modified for use in pediatric patients. A similar scale was then developed to allow clinicians to interview parents about their childrenand#39;s symptoms, in order to ascertain a better diagnosis of mania in children. Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the parent version of the scale. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Young-Mania-Rating-Scale CAO_01519 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 16:54:28 Multi-class n-back task An n-back task including faces, scenes, and chinese characters as stimuli CAO_01520 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 16:58:56 Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination A stop signal task in which the primary task is a dot motion discrimination task CAO_01521 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 17:04:25 Multi-object localizer task A task involving presentation of multiple classes of visual objects, meant to localize category-specific regions of visual cortex. The subject monitors for a target (red dot) and responds when target appears. CAO_01522 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 17:08:39 Sentence-nonword language localizer A task in which strings of stimuli (either sentences or strings of nonwords) are presented, followed by a probe on which the subject responds whether the probe item was present in the string of stimuli. CAO_01523 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 17:12:51 Spatial working memory localizer task A task in which targets are presented on a spatial grid, followed by a probe in which the subject must choose between two spatial layouts, one of which matches the locations presented in the initial set. CAO_01524 Russ Poldrack 2015-06-25 18:49:21 Retinotopic mapping task The subject is presented with stimuli including rotating wedges and expanding-contracting rings, while maintaining fixation and performing a target detection task for an eccentric target. CAO_01525 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-09 8:04:02 Hamilton psychiatric rating scale for depression The Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression is a multiple item questionnaire used to provide an indication of depression, and as a guide to evaluate recovery. It was originally published in 1960 by Max Hamilton and revised it in 1966, 1967, 1969, and 1980. The questionnaire is designed for adults and is used to rate the severity of their depression by probing mood, feelings of guilt, suicide ideation, insomnia, agitation or retardation, anxiety, weight loss, and somatic symptoms. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Hamilton-Rating-Scale-for-Depression CAO_01526 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:16:13 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms SANS The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is a rating scale to measure negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SANS is split into 5 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) which was published a few years later. From https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Scale-for-the-Assessment-of-Negative-Symptoms CAO_01527 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:23:33 Brief psychiatric rating scale BPRS The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) is rating scale which a clinician or researcher may use to measure psychiatric symptoms such as depression, anxiety, hallucinations and unusual behaviour.[1] Each symptom is rated 1-7 and depending on the version between a total of 18-24 symptoms are scored. The scale is the one of the oldest, widely used scales to measure psychotic symptoms and was first published in 1962. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Brief-Psychiatric-Rating-Scale CAO_01528 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:34:03 Adult adhd self-report scale ASRS The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Symptom Checklist is a self-reported questionnaire used to assist in the diagnosis of adult ADHD. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Adult-ADHD-Self-Report-Scale CAO_01529 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:37:20 Hopkins symptom checklist HOPKINS HSCL The Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL) is a well-known and widely used screening instrument whose history dates from the 1950s. It was originally designed by Parloff, Kelman, and Frank at Johns Hopkins University. The HSCL-25 is a symptom inventory which measures symptoms of anxiety and depression. http:--hprt-cambridge.org-screening-hopkins-symptom-checklist- CAO_01530 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:39:36 Barratt impulsiveness scale BIS The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) is a widely used measure of impulsiveness. It includes 30 items that are scored to yield six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness). https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Barratt-Impulsiveness-Scale CAO_01531 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:41:35 Dickman impulsivity inventory DICK The Dickman Inventory classifies impulsivity into functional and dysfunctional categories. Dysfunctional impulsivity is a type of impulsivity that is associated with a tendency to make quick decisions when this type of decision-making is non-optimal. This differs from functional impulsivity which is a tendency to make quick decisions where this is optimal. As dysfunctional impulsivity is often associated with a failure to consider the consequences of one’s behavior, it can often lead to life difficulties. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Dysfunctional-impulsivity CAO_01532 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 18:45:54 Multidimensional personality questionnaire MPQ The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a personality test meant to measure normal personality developed by Auke Tellegen in 1982. It is currently sold by the University of Minnesota Press. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Multidimensional-Personality-Questionnaire CAO_01533 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 19:03:43 Eysenck personality questionnaire EPI EPQ In psychology, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) is a questionnaire to assess the personality traits of a person, with the result sometimes referred to as the Eysenckand#39;s personality Inventory or (EPI). https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Eysenck-Personality-Questionnaire Eysenck Personality Questionnaire CAO_01534 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 20:52:27 Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory MMPI The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most widely used and researched standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology. Psychologists and other mental health professionals use various versions of the MMPI to develop treatment plans; assist with differential diagnosis; help answer legal questions (forensic psychology); screen job candidates during the personnel selection process; or as part of a therapeutic assessment procedure. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Minnesota-Multiphasic-Personality-Inventory CAO_01535 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 20:57:17 Hypomanic personality scale HPS The Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) was designed to measure a predispositional personality style to bipolar disorder. http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-25156658 CAO_01536 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 21:03:47 Chapman scales Scales to assess a number of psychotic indicators. http:--www.columbia.edu-cu-ssw-projects-pmap-docs-chmielewski-chapman.pdf CAO_01537 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 21:06:23 Temperament and character inventory TCI The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) is an inventory for personality traits devised by Cloninger et al. It is closely related to and an outgrowth of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), and it has also been related to the dimensions of personality in Zuckermanand#39;s alternative five and Eysenckand#39;s models and those of the Five Factor Model. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Temperament-and-Character-Inventory CAO_01538 Vanessa Sochat 2015-07-15 21:26:19 Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms SAPS The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) is a rating scale to measure positive symptoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nancy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. SAPS is split into 4 domains, and within each domain separate symptoms are rated from 0 (absent) to 5 (severe). The scale is closely linked to the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) which was published a few years earlier. https:--en.wikipedia.org-wiki-Scale-for-the-Assessment-of-Positive-Symptoms CAO_01539 Jamie Li 2016-01-17 21:15:35 Bickel titrator A task that adjusts delay across a series of delay discounting trials, while holding the later amounts constant. This determines the Effective Delay 50(ED50), a delay period that results in the smaller immediate reward having the same value as a larger later reward. CAO_01540 Laura Nynke van der Laan 2015-08-08 22:46:56 Single item food choice task A task in which subjects decide for several (snack) foods, sequentially, whether they would like to eat them. In order to make the choices realistic, participants are instructed that one of the trials counts for real and that they actually receive a portion of the snack chosen in that trial at the end of the study session. In every trial, they view one of the study stimuli (3000 ms, choice period) and subsequently indicate with a button press (1500 ms, button press period) whether they want to eat a portion of the snack or not. During the button press period the words “yes” and “no” are shown left-right (randomized) on the screen. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the yes or no. Participants are instructed to make their choice already during the period that the image was shown. To ensure that choices are made in direct response to the food pictures, the button press period was so short that it only allows them to locate whether they have to push the left or right button. The choice trials are interspersed with a random interval (between 2000 and 5000 ms). At the beginning, halfway (after 50 trials) and at the end an additional baseline period of 30 s is included in the task (fixation cross). The visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal-100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http:--nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl-index.php-32 CAO_01541 Laura Nynke van der Laan 2015-08-08 23:32:32 Two item food choice task In this task, subjects decide for a series of binary food choice options which of the two they would like to eat. In populations with weight-concerned and dieting subjects this task is employed to investigate aspects of food-related self-control. It has also been employed in general population and non-dieters (e.g., Charbonnier et al., 2015) in a slightly adapted forms. Here the implementation of Van der Laan (2014) is described. In the food choice task, participants make a total of 100 choices. In every trial, a high energy (HE) (energy content in kcal-100 gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and a low energy (LE) (M = 56, SD = 37) snack are shown side by side. Participants have 3000 ms to indicate which of the two products they would most like to eat a portion of by pushing the left or right but ton of a button box. After indicating their choice, a yellow box appears around the chosen product for 500 ms. The trials are interspersed with a random interval between 2000 and 5000 ms. To investigate response conflict during food choice participants are required to choose between pairs of HE and LE snacks matched such (on the basis of their own tastiness ratings given in the first session) that either a self-control dilemma was posed or not. In half of the trials, LE snacks are combined with HE snacks rated two or three points higher on tastiness (Self-Control required(SC)trials), posing a self-control dilemma concerning the trade-off between immediate eating enjoyment (choosing the appealing HE snack) and weight-watching intentions (choosing the less appealing LE snack). In the other half of the trials, the LE and HE snacks are matched on tastiness (equal or ±1 point in tastiness rating; No Self-Control required (NSC) trials), such that no trade-off between eating enjoyment and weight watching intentions is needed to choose the long-term superior LE snack. The visual stimuli consist of 100 pictures of regularly available snack foods on plates with a grey background: 50 high energy (HE) foods (energy content in kcal-100gram: M = 419, SD = 103) and 50 low energy (LE) foods (M = 56, SD = 37). Examples of HE snacks were crisps, cookies, cakes and candies. Examples of LE snacks were grapes, apples, bananas and mixed snack salads. The standardized image set can be downloaded from: http:--nutritionalneuroscience.isi.uu.nl-index.php-32 CAO_01542 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:03:56 Task switching (3x2) Subjects are presented with a task cue followed by a colored number (1-9 excluding 5 in orange or blue). The task cue indicates whether to respond to the colored number based on parity (odd-even), magnitude (higher-lower than 5) or color (orange-blue). There are three different tasks, and each task has two task cues that evoke the task action. For example, the task cue could be either parity or odd-even. Both of these task cues indicate that the subject should judge the subsequent colored number based on whether it is an odd or even number. CAO_01543 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:11:11 Inter-dimensional-extra-dimensional shift task IDED IDED+reversal A combination of the intradimensional task and extradimensional task. Subjects are presented with two compound stimuli, each composed of a and#39;line stimulusand#34; and a and#34;shape stimulusand#34;. Thus the stimuli are multi-dimensional, in that they are composed of two separable features (line and shape). There are 8 different “lines”, and 8 different “shapes”. Subjects are told to choose between the two stimuli, and receive feedback on their choices. The correct choice depends upon the current target, where the target can take on any one of the 8 “lines” or 8 “shapes”. The current target shifts after several trials. This allows for an inter-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new correct target within the same dimension (old target: “line 1”, new target “line 2”) or for an extra-dimensional shift, where the subject learns the new target outside of the old dimension (old target: “line 1” new target: “shape 2”). CAO_01544 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:12:35 Wilson+niv Subjects are presented with three three-dimensional (border color, texture, shape) stimuli. Each dimension has three exemplars so all exemplars are on the screen at any time. One exemplar of one dimension (e.g. and#34;redand#34; or and#34;stripedand#34;) has a higher probability of reward than the others (75% vs. 25%). If rewarded, the subject earns 1 point (the subject is instructed to maximize points). After 15-25 trials the higher probability feature is switched. This switch will either be to another feature in the same dimension (e.g and#34;spotsand#34; to and#34;stripesand#34;) or across dimensions (and#34;spotsand#34; to and#34;redand#34;). CAO_01545 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:14:37 Probabilistic selection task The probabilistic selection task assesses whether participants learn better from positive or negative reinforcement. The subject is instructed to choose between abstract stimuli via key press. The task is composed of two phases. During the first phase, subjects learn to associate 6 abstract visual stimuli with different reward probabilities (e.g., stim 1= 80%, stim 2 = 70%, stim 3= 60%, stim 4= 40%, stim 5 = 30%, stim 6= 20%). In phase 1, the various stimuli are always presented in pairs, where the sum of the two reward probabilities associated with each stimuli equal 100%. For example, stim 1 will always be paired with stim 6 (80%+20%=100%). Subjects eventually learn that for each pair, choosing one stimuli over the other results in more reward (80% CAO_01546 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:15:57 Angling risk task ART In this task subjects and#34;fishand#34; in rounds trying to accumulate as much money as possible. If they catch a red fish, they earn .05 cents. However, if they catch a blue fish they lose all the money earned on that round. They are able to stop any round at any time to collect that roundand#39;s earnings into their and#34;tournament bankand#34;. There is one blue fish and many red fish. The subjects complete 4 tournaments of 30 rounds each. The tournaments differ in their weather condition: Sunny (subjects can see-know how many red-blue fish are in the pond) and cloudy (subjects cannot see the fish) and release law: catch N Keep (probability of catching a red fish goes down as they are taken out of the pond) and catch N Release (probability stays constant). CAO_01547 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:16:57 Delay discounting titration Subjects must choose between sooner but smaller rewards versus larger but later rewards. This task differs from the preceding Kirby Delay Discounting Task in two ways, 1) the smaller reward will not always be immediate and 2) the reward amounts will be chosen randomly from a uniform distribution of a given interval. This allows for the estimation of a subjects’ discount rate and for the comparison of different model fits of discounting behavior. CAO_01548 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:42:53 Columbia card task CCT This task is composed of two conditions: hot and cold, with 27 rounds in each condition. In each round subjects are presented with 32 cards; some are gain cards, some are loss cards. Subjects are told how many points a gain card is worth, how many points a loss card costs, and how many loss cards there are in a round. Each round ends when a loss card is turned. In the cold version subjects choose how many cards they want to turn but donand#39;t see the result for the round until the end. In the hot version subjects click and turn each card themselves and sees their earning for that round. In both conditions, subjects see their final score at the end of 27 rounds. CAO_01549 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:23:30 Sternberg recent probes Subjects will be asked to remember a training set of 6 stimuli. After a delay interval, subjects are probed with a single stimulus. Via key press, subjects will be instructed to give one response if the probe was part of the training set for that trial and a different response if the probe was not part of the training set for that trial. CAO_01550 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:34:52 Sternberg directed forgetting Subjects will be asked to remember 6 letters presented in a 2x3 matrix. Each trial begins with a central fixation point followed by the training set of 6 letters to remember, followed by a retention interval. After the retention interval, subjects are presented with a cue, either TOP or BOT, which instructs the participant to forget the 3 letters presented in the cued location (forget set). The remaining 3 letters consist of the memory set. CAO_01551 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:36:42 Dietary decisions task Subjects rate 50 items on a five point scale separately for health and for tastiness. A reference item for health and tastiness, rated neutrally previously on both scales, is chosen for each subject. In stage 3 they are first presented with this reference item and told to choose between the other food items and the reference item. Participants are grouped as self-controllers or non-self-controllers depending on whether they choose the items in stage 3 based upon health or taste, respectively. CAO_01552 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:43:13 Adaptation of marshmellow test Subjects are told that they have 10 minutes to gain as much money as possible by selling tokens and to adopt any strategy that they prefer. Each trial begins with a circular token (green or purple) at the center of the screen. After a random delay, the token turns blue and its value changes from 0 cents to 30 cents. A white progress bar marks the amount of time the current token had been on the screen, with a maximum length corresponding to 100seconds. Participants could sell the token at anytime by pressing a key. Subjects were explicitly instructed that the green and purple tokens might differ in their timing, and to learn the nature of the differences from direct experience. CAO_01553 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 21:45:21 Holt and laury risk titrator Subjects are presented with a series of paired lottery choices. For example subjects choose between option A that is a lottery that wins $2 with probability 0.1 and $1.6 with probability 0.9 (safe bet) and option B that is a lottery that wins $3.85 with probability 0.1 and $0.1 with probability 0.9 (risky bet). The paired lottery choices are structured so that the crossover point to the high-risk lottery can be used to infer the degree of risk aversion. CAO_01554 Jamie Li 2015-12-08 22:02:01 Cognitive reflection test CRT Subjects are presented with three questions. These questions at first glance are relatively easy and intuitive. However in order to solve the problem correctly, subjects must correctly inhibit the intuitive-impulsive answer. CAO_01555 Vanessa Sochat 2015-12-13 17:55:17 Roving somatosensory oddball task RSOT A task in which stimuli are presented in a continuous stream and participants must detect the presence of an oddball stimulus. The oddball is a stimulus that occurs infrequently relative to all other stimuli, and has distinct characteristics. For this particular implementation, the trains of stimuli are electrical pulses that between high and low intensity after a variable number of repetitions. For full details see: http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S1053811915010526 CAO_01556 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 19:47:28 Letter memory A 45-item forced-choice recognition task that uses consonant letters as stimuli and manipulates face difficulty level along 2 dimensions: number of letters to be remembered and number of choices amongst which the target stimulus must be identified. CAO_01557 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 19:56:29 Dospert A psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health-safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondents’ perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I. CAO_01558 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 20:20:16 Volatile bandit A decision maker chooses between two alternatives, both with a fixed unknown rate of reward. The subject is instructed to try to gain as much money as possible across all trials. CAO_01559 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 20:27:02 Plus-minus A task where subjects are told to add by a number and are subsequently instructed to subtract by that number. CAO_01560 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 20:40:00 Multi-source interference task Subjects are presented with a 3 digit number and are asked to respond which of the digits differ from the other two. CAO_01561 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 21:02:41 Hierarchical rule task subjects must complete a battery of four response-selection tasks that were designed to test progressively higher degrees of hierarchically ordered control CAO_01562 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 21:09:05 Tower of london imagine participants must mentally rearrange a set of three colored balls arranged on pegs, in the fewest possible moves, to match a specified configuration. CAO_01563 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 21:33:52 Multiplication task On every trial, subjects are presented with two numbers to multiply. They can mentally figure out the answer or use pen and paper, but the method must stay constant. CAO_01564 Jamie Li 2016-01-13 21:39:06 Shift task Subjects are presented with three objects that differ along three dimensions (color, shape, texture). At any trial, the relevant dimension gives a higher probability of reward than the other two. This dimension may shift from trial to trial. CAO_01565 Russ Poldrack 2016-01-13 22:32:01 Wrat-4 math computation Math Computation component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4 CAO_01566 Russ Poldrack 2016-01-13 22:33:08 Wrat-4 word reading Word reading component of the Wide Range Achievement Test 4 CAO_01567 Russ Poldrack 2016-01-13 23:43:11 Penn vocabulary test Vocabulary component of the Penn WebCNP Battery CAO_01568 Vanessa Sochat 2016-01-16 0:08:15 Willingness to wait task A task that asks participants to repeatedly decided how long to keep waiting for future monetary rewards (See Fig. 1a in paper link below). On each trial, the participant views a token that has no initial value but matures to a value of $0.30 after a random delay, and the participant can sell the token at any time to start a new trial and (possibly) maximize earnings. http:--www.nature.com-neuro-journal-v18-n5-full-nn.3994.html CAO_01569 Jamie Li 2016-01-18 23:02:07 Gm paradigm A task that crosses reward-valence associations with a stop-signal task CAO_01570 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-20 17:47:56 Penn fractal n-back FNB2 sFNBx2 A measure of attention and working memory. In this task, participants are asked to pay attention to fractal designs displayed on the computer screen, one at a time, and to press the spacebar according to one rule: the 2-back. During the 2-back, the participant must press the spacebar whenever the design on the screen is the same as the one displayed before the previous one (i.e. in the series design A, design B, design A, the participant should press the spacebar on or immediately after the second design A . In all trials, the participant has 2500 ms to press the spacebar. The participant practice the 2-Back rule, in which he-she is allowed to make mistakes and then, when he-she completes all practices successfully, the task will begin. CAO_01571 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 23:14:08 Short penn continuous performance test-number and letter version Short NumLet-CPT Short PCPT-nl Short Penn CPT sPCPTNL A measure of visual attention and vigilance based on the Penn CPT [1]. In this task, a series of red vertical and horizontal lines flash in a digital numeric frame (resembling a digital clock . The task is divided into two types of blocks: one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete number, and one in which the participant must press the spacebar whenever these lines form a complete letter. Each block lasts 1.5m. Each stimulus flashes for 300 milliseconds followed by a blank page displayed for 700 milliseconds, giving the participant 1 sec to respond to each trial. The participant practices both types of trials before the task begins. CAO_01572 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 21:58:16 Penn matrix reasoning test PMAT PMAT24-A A measure of abstraction and mental flexibility. It is a multiple choice task in which the participant must conceptualize spatial, design and numerical relations that range in difficulty from very easy to increasingly complex [2]. During the PMAT, the participant must click with the mouse on the square he-she thinks best fits in the missing square of the pattern. There are three types of patterns made up of 2x2, 3x3 and 1x5 arrangements of squares. Each item has five response choices. Each PMAT form has 24 items and 3 bonus items. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items. The bonus items are selected based on the participant’s performance. There are two forms, PMAT24-A and PMAT24-B. The test is arranged in order of increasing difficulty of items and is discontinued after the participant chooses an incorrect response for any five items. CAO_01573 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 21:58:58 Penn facial memory test delayed memory CPFd CPFdelay PFMT Penn Face Memory Test - Delayed RCPFd A measure of delayed face memory. In the first part of this test, participants were shown 20 faces that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPF . Now, during the delayed recall (CPFd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 faces: the 20 study stimuli-faces they were asked to memorize and 20 novel faces, all of which are different from the 20 distracters shown during the CPF. The participants’ task is to decide whether they have seen each face before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: “definitely yes”, “probably yes”, “probably no” and “definitely no,” using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPFd: the CPFd-b. CAO_01574 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:00:05 Adult’s penn word memory test delayed memory CPWd CPWdelay A measure of delayed word memory. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 20 words that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (CPW . Now, during the delayed recall, participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 40 words: the 20 study stimuli they were asked to memorize and 20 novel stimuli, completely different from the 20 distracters showed on the CPW. The participants’ task is to decide whether they have seen the word before by clicking one of four buttons, presented in a 4-point scale: “definitely yes”, “probably yes”, “probably no” and “definitely no,” using the mouse. There is one alternate form of the CPWd: the CPWd-b. CAO_01575 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:01:17 Penn visual object learning test Short VOLT VOLT sVOLT A measure of visual object learning and memory. It was designed as a spatial analog of the California Verbal Learning Test. The sVOLT includes only the first set of trials of a series of 7 sets from the full version (VOLT [1]. In the first part of this test, participants are shown 10 threedimensional Euclidean shapes that they will be asked to identify for both immediate and delayed recalls (delayed recall = sVOLTd . During the immediate recall (sVOLT , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participant’s task is to decide whether he-she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: “DEFINITELY YES”, “PROBABLY YES”, and#34;PROBABLY NOand#34; and and#34;DEFINITELY NOand#34;. (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: “YES I have seen the shape” and “NO I have not seen the shape.” . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLT: the sVOLT-A and sVOLT-B. CAO_01576 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:01:50 Penn emotion recognition task Childrenand#39;s ER40 ER40 A measure of emotion recognition. Participants are shown a series of 40 faces, one at a time, and asked to determine what emotion the face is showing for each trial. There are 5 answer choices: Happy, Sad, Angry, Scared and No Feeling. Participants respond to each trial by clicking word describing the emotion each faces expresses using the mouse. There are 4 female faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 and 4 male faces for each emotion (4 x 5 = 20 . The childrenand#39;s version (k-ER40 uses the same stimuli as the adult version, but some of the emotion prompts are simplified: Anger = CAO_01577 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:03:54 Measured emotion differentiation test MEDF36 Measured EMODIFF Morphed EMODIFF Measures the ability to detect emotion intensity. The subject is presented with pairs of faces. The MEDF presents a pair of faces and asks the participant to click the button labeled “This Face” below the face that is showing more emotion (anger, fear, happiness, sadness , or the central button labeled “Equal” if both faces are showing equal emotion. The stimuli are created using software to morph faces into differing intensities of emotion. For example, a 50 morph will be a 50 morph between a neutral face and the same identity expressing the target emotion. There are 36 trials in total, divided into happy, sad, angry, and fearful faces. Of the 36 trials, 4 show no emotional difference. The remaining 32 trials have emotion differentials in increments of 10 ranging from 10 - 60 , distributed more heavily toward 30 and 40 items. Trials are presented in random order, and the test is a forced-choice task with no time limit per trial. After the subject answers one trial, the test automatically moves to the next trial. Response time is recorded for each trial. CAO_01578 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:04:37 Penn’s logical reasoning test PVRT Short PVRT sPVRT shortPVRT A measure of verbal intellectual ability. It is a short version of the Penn Verbal Reasoning Test (PVRT [1, 2]. It is a multiple-choice task in which the participant must answer age-appropriate verbal analogy problems [2]. The shortPVRT has a total of 8 questions from the regular PVRT, which has 29 questions. The 8 questions were chosen after a statistical analysis of the PVRT, which demonstrated that these 8 questions could predict the scores of the regular 29- questions PVRT. There is a one alternate form for the shortPVRT: the shortPVRT-B. CAO_01579 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:10:31 Ataxia A measure for balance. Instructions: I want to see how well you can balance doing different things with your feet. I don’t want you to fall, however, so if you feel as if you are going to fall, please step off the line and use the wall for support. If at any time you feel that you can’t do these balance tests, please tell me and we will stop. CAO_01580 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:13:27 Penn visual object learning test delayed memory Short VOLT delay VOLTd sVOLTd The delayed memory portion of the sVOLT tasj. In the first part of this test, participants were shown 10 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes that they were asked to identify for immediate recall (sVOLT . Now, during the delayed recall (sVOLTd , participants are shown a series, one at a time, of 20 three-dimensional Euclidean shapes - the 10 shapes they were asked to memorize during the SVOLT mixed with 10 novel shapes. The participant’s task is to decide whether he-she has seen the shape before by clicking with the mouse on one of four buttons: “DEFINITELY YES”, “PROBABLY YES”, and#34;PROBABLY NOand#34; and and#34;DEFINITELY NOand#34;. (NOTE: The original sVOLT had only two response choices: “YES I have seen the shape” and “NO I have not seen the shape.” . Participants have 20 seconds to select a response before the test moves on to the next trial. There are two forms of the sVOLTd: the sVOLTd-A and sVOLTd-B. CAO_01581 Alfonso Bonilla 2016-01-22 22:23:59 Penn motor praxis Mouse Practice Mpraxis A measure of sensorimotor ability. Also, it was designed to familiarize the participant with the computer mouse used during most of the WebCNP tasks. During the MPraxis, the participant needs to move the computer mouse cursor over an ever-shrinking green box and click on it once each time it appears on a different location on the test-page. If participants can’t complete the MPraxis, it is likely they won’t be able to complete any other WebCNP task. CAO_01582 Vanessa Sochat 2016-01-27 19:24:52 Stimulus selective stop signal task This stop signal paradigm focuses on stimulus selective stopping, in which subjects stop to one signal and ignore another. http:--psycnet.apa.org-journals-xge-143-1-455- CAO_01583 Vanessa Sochat 2016-01-27 18:59:55 Behavioral approach-inhibition systems BAS BIS BIS-BAS A questoinnaire that gets at motivational that systems underlie behavior. A behavioral approach system (BAS) is believed to regulate appetitive motives, in which the goal is to move toward something desired. A behavioral avoidance (or inhibition) system (BIS) is said to regulate aversive motives, in which the goal is to move away from something unpleasant. http:--www.psy.miami.edu-faculty-ccarver-sclBISBAS.html CAO_01584 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:39:04 Brief self control scale BSCS A 15-item scale that attempts to measure and#34;good self controland#34; using a likert scale (1-5) http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pubmed-15016066 CAO_01585 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:01:30 Future time perspective questionnaire FTP This questionnaire assesses an individuals’ perception of how much time they have left to live. Subjects will be presented with 10 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-5) how much they agree with the statement. FTP: Carsten-Lang Future Time Perspective Questionnaire (FTP) http:--psych.stanford.edu-~lifespan-doc-FTP-English.pdf CAO_01586 Vanessa Sochat 2016-01-27 19:11:32 Duckworth's short grit scale GRIT-S This is a brief self-report and informant-report version of the Grit Scale, which measures trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals. http:--www.tandfonline.com-doi-full-10.1080-00223890802634290 CAO_01587 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:55:40 Ten item personality questionnaire This 10-item questionnaire was designed to assess an individuals’ general personality using a reduced version of the Big-Five personality dimensions (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree. http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-S0092656603000461 CAO_01588 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:59:25 Theories of willpower scale This scale assesses an individuals’ perception on the availability of mental exertion, whether or not it is a limited or unlimited resource. Subjects are presented with 8 items, which they must rate on a scale (1-6) how much they agree with the statement. http:--pss.sagepub.com-content-early-2010-09-28-0956797610384745.full#sec-22 CAO_01589 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:11:02 Upps-p impulsivity scale UPPS-P The UPPS+P assesses impulsivity across five facets: 1) premeditation, 2) positive urgency, 3) negative urgency, 4) perseverance, and 5) sensation-seeking. Subjects must answer 59 questions (~11 questions each domain). http:--www1.psych.purdue.edu-~dlynam-upps+p.doc CAO_01590 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:11:46 I7 impulsiveness and venturesomeness questionnaire I-7 I7 This questionnaire assesses an individuals’ score on impulsivity, venturesomeness, and empathy. Subjects are presented with 54 yes or no questions regarding the three above stated behavioral characteristics. http:--www.sciencedirect.com-science-article-pii-019188698590011X CAO_01591 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:06:37 Zimbardo time perspective inventory ZTPI A 56-item questionnaire that measures attitude towards time perspective across five domains: past-negative, present-hedonistic, future, past-positive, and present-fatalistic. ZTPI: Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory http:--psycnet.apa.org-journals-psp-77-6-1271.pdf CAO_01592 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:45:55 Self regulation questionnaire Subjects will be presented with a 63-item questionnaire answerable through a Likert Scale (1=strongly disagree, 5=strongly agree). These questions are designed to assess an individuals generalized ability to regulate behavior according to the seven-step model of self-regulation as proposed by Miller andamp; Brown (1991). These seven steps include: receiving, evaluating, triggering, searching, formulating, implanting, and assessment. A Follow-Up Psychometric Analysis of the Self-Regulation Questionnaire http:--www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-pmc-articles-PMC2431129- CAO_01593 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:09:23 Treatment self-regulation questionnaire The TSRQ determines the underlying motivational system used by individuals to regulate behavior. According to the Self-Determination theory, motivation ranges from least to most self-determined, starting with 1) amotivation, 2) external, 3) introjected, 4) identified, and 5) integrated and intrinsic. The TSRQ is a 15-item questionnaire, where each item is a reason for changing or engaging in a health behavior. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=not at all true, and 7=very true. CAO_01594 Jamie Li 2016-01-28 23:36:52 Stanford leisure-time activity categorical item (L-Cat) Light, moderate, vigorous activity ratings CAO_01595 Jamie Li 2016-01-29 1:52:55 Eating questionnaire 3 factor eating questionnaire: cognitive restraint (CR), uncontrolled eating (UE), and emotional eating CAO_01596 Jamie Li 2016-01-29 7:21:05 Five facet mindfulness questionnaire Observing Describing Acting with Awareness Non-judging of experience Non-reactivity to experience CAO_01597 Jamie Li 2016-01-29 20:29:24 Mindful attention and awareness scale Attention to and awareness across several domains of experience in daily life (e.g., cognitive, emotional, physical, and general) CAO_01598 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:47:03 Zuckerman sensation seeking scale This questionnaire is a list of 34 forced choice questions designed to assess an individuals’ optimal level of stimulation. Sample questions include: I would like to have a job which would require a lot of traveling (choice a) or I would prefer to have a job in one location (choice b). Four factors below: Thrill and adventure seeking (TAS) Experience seeking (ES) Disinhibition (DIS) Boredom susceptibility (BS) CAO_01599 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:44:44 Selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) questionnaire The SOC questionnaire assesses an individuals’ developmental regulation across three processes: 1) Selection, 2) optimization, and 3) compensation. Subjects will be presented with 48 items (3 above + loss-based selection, 12 items each category) in which they must make a choice between an action corresponding to SOC behavior and an answer that is a distractor (reasonable alternative action not corresponding to SOC behavior). CAO_01600 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:17:29 Stanford leisure-time activity categorical item L-Cat Subjects are presented with 6 statements regarding levels of physical activity. Subjects must read all 6 statements and choose which statement best characterizes their physical behavior. CAO_01601 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:24:53 Mindful-attention-awareness questionnaire Subjects are presented with 15 questions on oneand#39;s tendency to bring oneand#39;s complete attention to experiences occurring in the present moment. CAO_01602 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:30:56 Motor selective stop signal task Similar to the traditional Stop Signal task except subjects stop to one and#34;stop signaland#34; (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning blue) but not to another, similar and#34;ignore signaland#34; (e.g., the imperative go stimulus turning orange) CAO_01603 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:57:22 Emotion regulation task Subjects are given the default instruction of viewing a negative image. They have the option to press a button and switch their instructions to and#34;distractand#34; or and#34;reappraise.and#34; Electing to press the button and following those instructions will allow subjects to decrease the negative affect they are likely to be experiencing. However, to choose to distract or reappraise, subjects will have to proactively override their (inferior) default state of viewing, which requires monitoring and attention. CAO_01604 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 1:58:41 Emotion regulation questionnaire The ERQ is a 10-item questionnaire designed to assess an individual’s strategy for coping with emotions, either reappraisal or suppression. Subjects must respond to each question using a scale (1-7) where 1=strongly disagree, and 7=strongly agree. CAO_01605 Jamie Li 2016-02-11 2:14:45 Kirby delay discounting task Subjects must choose between smaller immediate monetary rewards or larger delayed rewards. There are 27 total items divided into three groups depending on the size of the larger reward (small, medium, large). CAO_01606 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 14:09:12 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test participants listen to a sentence and must select from several images the one that correspond to the sentence CAO_01607 Paul Wright 2016-07-25 17:43:52 Montreal cognitive assessment MoCA The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was designed as a rapid screening instrument for mild cognitive dysfunction. It assesses different cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. Time to administer the MoCA is approximately 10 minutes. The total possible score is 30 points; a score of 26 or above is considered normal. Participants with 12 years of education or less are awarded an extra point. CAO_01608 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 14:35:21 Word recognition task The participant is presented with a set of words to learn. The words are then presented again, mixed with words that the participant has not seen-heard. The participant must correctly identify the previously presented words. CAO_01609 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 14:55:28 Following commands The participant is given verbal instructions such as and#34;make a fistand#34; or and#34;point to the ceilingand#34;. Execution of the command is scored as correct. The commands may be simple or complex (for example having multiple steps). CAO_01610 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 15:19:24 Ideational praxis task The participant is given a sheet of paper and a long envelope. The participant is instructed to pretend to send the letter to himself or herself. The participant is told to put the paper into the envelope, seal it, address it to himself or herself, and stamp it. If the participant forgets part of the task, reinstruction is given. Impairment on this item should reflect dysfunction in executing an overlearned task only and not recall difficulty. The five components to this task are 1) fold letter, 2) put letter in envelope, 3) seal envelope, 4) address envelope, 5) put stamp on envelope. CAO_01611 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 15:25:29 Clock drawing task The participant is asked to draw a clock showing a specific time. The task is scored based on the number of features correctly drawn. CAO_01612 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 15:48:10 Orientation test The participant is asked questions to test their orientation in time and place. These include questions about the date, day of the week, season, name of current hospital and name of city. CAO_01613 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 18:11:09 Nart National Adult Reading Test The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration. The NART comprises a list of 50 words printed in order of increasing difficulty. The words are relatively short in order to avoid the possible adverse effects of stimulus complexity on the reading of dementing subjects, and they are all and#39;irregularand#39; with respect to the common rules of pronunciation in order to minimise the possibility of reading by phonemic decoding rather than word recognition. The subject reads aloud down the list of words and the number of errors made is recorded. WAIS Verbal, Performance and Full-Scale IQs can be predicted from this reading error score by inserting it into the appropriate formulae. (Hazel E. Nelson, 1982) CAO_01614 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 18:12:45 Nart-r National Adult Reading Test revised for use in North America The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration. The NART-R is a revision of the NART comprising 61 words with irregular pronunciations in North American English. It was standardized on participants from the USA and Canada. CAO_01615 Paul Wright 2016-07-27 18:17:27 Amnart American National Adult Reading Test The NART was specifically designed to provide a means of estimating the premorbid intelligence levels of adult patients suspected of suffering from intellectual deterioration. The AMNART was developed for use in the USA. Words particular to British English were replaced and predicted IQ was re-standardised. CAO_01616 Color-word stroop task-congruent The color and word names match CAO_01617 Color-word stroop task-incongruent The color and word names conflict with one another CAO_01618 Color-word stroop task-neutral The word is not a color name CAO_01619 Stop signal task-Go trial Trials on which a go stimulus is presented and the subject is expected to respond CAO_01620 Stop signal task-Stop trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go stimulus, and the subject is expected to stop CAO_01621 Go-no-go task-Go trials Trials on which the stimulus is in the go category CAO_01622 Go-no-go task-Stop trial Trials on which the stimulus is in the stop category CAO_01623 N-back task-0-back A condition requiring stimulus matching but not working memory CAO_01624 N-back task-3-back A condition requiring memory for stimuli occurring 3 stimuli back CAO_01625 Continuous performance task-Target The stimulus to be responded to CAO_01626 Continuous performance task-Nontarget Any stimulus other than the target CAO_01627 N-back task-1-back A condition requiring memory for stimuli occurring 1 stimuli back CAO_01628 N-back task-2-back A condition requiring memory for stimuli occurring 2 stimuli back CAO_01629 N-back task-3-back A condition requiring memory for stimuli occurring 3 stimuli back CAO_01630 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-no delay No delay between initial presentation and probe CAO_01631 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-delay Probe presentation follows a delay after initial presentation CAO_01632 Word-picture verification task-Matching The word and picture refer to the same concept CAO_01633 Word-picture verification task-Non-matching The word and picture refer to different concepts CAO_01634 Embedded figures test-Segmented blocks CAO_01635 Embedded figures test-Unsegmented blocks CAO_01636 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 1 All three stimulus dimensions must match CAO_01637 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 2 Only two stimulus dimensions must match CAO_01638 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 3 Only one stimulus dimension must match CAO_01639 Wisconsin card sorting test-First category The first category presented in the series CAO_01640 Wisconsin card sorting test-Subsequent categories Categories presented after the first in the series CAO_01641 Wisconsin card sorting test-Perseverative errors Errors that involve perseveration on the previously acquired set CAO_01642 Wisconsin card sorting test-Nonperseverative errors Errors that do not involve perseveration on the previously acquired set CAO_01643 Wisconsin card sorting test-Failure to maintain set Loss of the correct sorting rule during performance CAO_01644 Chimeric animal stroop task-Congruent Both body and head belong to the same animal CAO_01645 Chimeric animal stroop task-Incongruent Body and head belong to different types of animals CAO_01646 Task-switching -Switch trial Those trials on which subjects are required to switch from one task to another CAO_01647 Task-switching -Repeat trial Those trials on which subjects are required to repeat the same task that was performed on the previous trial CAO_01648 Lexical decision task-Words Valid words in the testing language for which the correct response is CAO_01649 Lexical decision task-Pseudowords Pronounceable letter or phoneme strings which do not form a valid word in the testing language. The correct response is CAO_01650 Lexical decision task-Consonant letter strings In imaging studies (as opposed to purely behavioural expts) strings of consonants are often used as a nonlexical control condition because they do not engage the reading system to the same extent CAO_01651 Lexical decision task-Fixation A CAO_01652 Stop signal task-Successful Stop Trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject successfully withholds their response CAO_01653 Stop signal task-Unsuccessful stop trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject fails to withhold their response CAO_01654 Oculomotor delayed response-delay period distractor task an optional task performed during the delay period between target presentation and the response cue CAO_01655 Oculomotor delayed response-sensory modality This task is overwhelmingly performed with visual stimuli with a visual saccade response, however, a haptic version performed blind is described in Park and Holzman 1996. CAO_01656 Probabilistic classification task-Probabilistic classification trials Trials on which the subject classifies items CAO_01657 Conditional stop signal task-Go trials Trials on which a go stimulus is presented and the subject is expected to respond CAO_01658 Conditional stop signal task-Stop-critical trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go, and the stimulus is the critical stimulus, meaning that the subject is expected to stop CAO_01659 Conditional stop signal task-Stop-noncritical trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go, and the stimulus is the non-critical stimulus, meaning that the subject is not expected to stop CAO_01660 Rhyme verification task-Word Pairs of real english words CAO_01661 Rhyme verification task-Pseudoword Pairs of pseudowords CAO_01662 Action imitation task-meaningful actions are common gestures CAO_01663 Action imitation task-meaningless actions are novel, and have likely not been seen or performed by the participant before CAO_01664 Antisaccade-prosaccade task-antisaccade eye movements away from the fixation point CAO_01665 Antisaccade-prosaccade task-prosaccade eye movements toward the fixation point CAO_01666 Digit span task-forward participant repeats a string of digits in the order they were presented CAO_01667 Digit span task-backward participant repeats a string of digits in the reverse order, beginning with the last digit presented CAO_01668 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-explosion the balloon bursts and the participant loses all gains for the trial CAO_01669 Benton facial recognition test-short form 27 points, subjects match possible faces to one picture, the last seven questions use pictures different poses CAO_01670 Benton facial recognition test-long form 54 points, subjects complete the short form plus an additional nine questions with the pictures using alternate lighting and poses. Each picture has 3 possible matches during this portion CAO_01671 Birmingham object recognition battery-copying test participants copy pictures or geometric objects CAO_01672 Birmingham object recognition battery-size match participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same size CAO_01673 Birmingham object recognition battery-length match participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are the same length CAO_01674 Birmingham object recognition battery-orientation match participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side are shown with the same orientation CAO_01675 Birmingham object recognition battery-position of gap match participants judge whether two objects presented side-by-side have a gap in the same position CAO_01676 Birmingham object recognition battery-overlapping figures test participants are asked to identify all the objects in pictures containing overlapping figures CAO_01677 Birmingham object recognition battery-object decision participants are shown pictures and asked to identify whether the object could be real or is unreal CAO_01678 Birmingham object recognition battery-minimal feature match participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the saliency of the object’s most distinctive feature is reduced CAO_01679 Birmingham object recognition battery-foreshortened view participants are asked to select a picture that is the same as the original picture, but the objectand#39 CAO_01680 Birmingham object recognition battery-drawing from memory test participants draw images varying in complexity from simple shapes to complex objects like faces CAO_01681 Birmingham object recognition battery-picture naming participants identify the names for pictures presented. Pictures are generally words used infrequently CAO_01682 California verbal learning test-ii-immediate recall 16 words from four categories are presented to the participant, who is then asked to recall as many as possible in 5 consecutive trials CAO_01683 California verbal learning test-ii-interference a list of other words is presented, and the participant is once again asked to recall the initial 16 words CAO_01684 California verbal learning test-ii-long recall after 20 minutes have passed, the participant is again asked to recall as many words as possible from the original list of 16 CAO_01685 California verbal learning test-ii-recognition trial some researchers include a recognition trial at the end of the test, in which the participant is shown a list of words and asked which ones were on the original list CAO_01686 Cambridge face memory test-same images participants view 6 faces in a random order, then are given 3 forced-choice tasks per face they have seen, in which 2 distractor faces are added and the participant must choose which face they have seen before CAO_01687 Cambridge face memory test-novel images participants complete a forced-choice task as in the same images condition, but the original 6 faces are now shown in a different way (different lighting, new facial expression, etc.) CAO_01688 Cambridge face memory test-novel images with noise the participants complete a novel images forced-choice task, with Gaussian noise added CAO_01689 Cambridge gambling task-ratio each trial has different ratios of one color to the other, affecting the probability of selecting the right color for the token CAO_01690 Choice reaction time task-stimulus a subject must watch for a stimulus to be presented in the way it was shown to them before the test, then must react by pressing a button CAO_01691 Choice reaction time task-non-stimulus a subject is watching for a stimulus, but some other shape/picture/object is shown CAO_01692 Choice reaction time task-right hand subjects are instructed to identify a stimulus or set of stimuli by pressing a button with the right hand CAO_01693 Choice reaction time task-left hand subjects are instructed to identify a stimulus or set of stimuli by pressing a button with the left hand CAO_01694 Choice task between risky and non-risky options-risky option a choice that has a low probability of reward, but a higher reward than the non-risky option CAO_01695 Choice task between risky and non-risky options-non-risky option a choice that has a high probability of reward, but the reward is lower than in the risky option CAO_01696 Pavlovian conditioning task-conditioned stimulus a stimulus is presented that the subject has no instinctive response to, but the researcher hopes to create an automatic response to by pairing it with the unconditioned stimulus CAO_01697 Pavlovian conditioning task-unconditioned stimulus a stimulus that the subject has a natural, instinctive reaction to ( stimuli associated with pain, noise, fear, and reward are often used) CAO_01698 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-formulating sentences subtest participant is asked to use a specific word or phrase correctly in a sentence to describe a picture CAO_01699 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-recalling sentences subtest participant is asked to repeat a sentence CAO_01700 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-sentence structure subtest participant responds to sentences of varying difficulty and structure CAO_01701 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-concepts and directions subtest participant is asked to follow directions that become increasingly difficult and cover a range of language concepts CAO_01702 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-word classes subtest participants must identify how words relate to each other (synonyms/antonyms, types, etc.) CAO_01703 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-word structure subtest assesses participants understanding of morphology CAO_01704 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-semantic relationships subtest only administered to children 9 years and older, assesses ability to understand semantic relationships CAO_01705 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-sentence assembly subtest only administered to children 9 years and older, participant is given words or phrases and asked to construct sentences using them CAO_01706 Deception task-hider the subject hides an object and is encouraged to mislead the experimenter or other participant about where the object is hidden CAO_01707 Deception task-guesser the experimenter or another participant hides an object and clearly tries to decieve the subject about where the object is hidden. In this task the experimenter is trying to ascertain whether the subject has the theory of mind to identify deceptive intent in others. CAO_01708 Deductive reasoning task-valid a subject is given a syllogism and asked to complete it or, if complete, to judge whether it is logically sound CAO_01709 Deductive reasoning task-invalid a subject is given an illogical syllogism and asked to judge whether it is logically sound CAO_01710 Devil's task-positive feedback the participant chooses a box containing a prize CAO_01711 Devil's task-negative feedback the participant chooses the devil box and loses all previous gains CAO_01712 Digit-symbol coding test-immediate memory copy in this version of the digit/symbol coding test, participants are shown a list of digits and symbols and immediately asked to write down the symbols that correspond to a list of digits CAO_01713 Digit-symbol coding test-general memory copy in this version of the digit/symbol coding test, participants are given time to study a list of digits and symbols and, after a period of time, asked to write down the symbols that correspond to a list of digits CAO_01714 Doors and people test-verbal recall (people test) participants are shown picures of people with names and occupations (or other information) attached. They are asked to recall the names when prompted with the occupation CAO_01715 Doors and people test-visual recognition (doors test) participants view pictures of doors. They then are presented with groupings of doors, each containing one from the studyied photos and 3 distractors and asked to identify the familiar door CAO_01716 Doors and people test-visual recall (shapes test) participants copy line drawings that resemble crosses, then they are asked to redraw the shapes from memory CAO_01717 Doors and people test-verbal recognition (names test) participants view a list of names. They then are presented with groupings of names, each containing one from the studyied list and 3 distractors and asked to identify the familiar name CAO_01718 Eriksen flanker task-congruent the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by some congruent image (the same letter or number as the stimulus or arrows pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus) CAO_01719 Eriksen flanker task-incongruent the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by incongruent images (different letters or numbers or arrows pointing in the opposite direction) CAO_01720 Face n-back task-emotion detection participants must indicate when the current faces emotion matches the emotion of the face presented n previously CAO_01721 Face n-back task-identity detection participants must indicate when the current picture is of the same person as presented n previously CAO_01722 Finger tapping task-rhythm tap subject must tap a button each time they hear a tone or see a light flash, which is presented in a consistent rhythm. Then, they must continue tapping in this rhythm after the stimulus has ceased CAO_01723 Finger tapping task-time tap subject must tap a button as many times as possible in a period of 10 seconds. Usually repeated trials are administered and an average score is obtained. CAO_01724 Free word list recall-emotion manipulation some words on the list have neutral meaning, while other words have highly emotional content CAO_01725 Free word list recall-category list words on the list, even if organized randomly, come from distinct categories of association so the subject can group them together as a memorization strategy CAO_01726 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Transformation plates plates are designed so that a person with deficient color vision will report a different digit than someone with normal color vision CAO_01727 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Vanishing plates plates are designed to that a person with deficient color vision will not see any digits, while people with normal color vision will report some digit CAO_01728 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Hidden Digits plates plates are designed so that a person with deficient color vision will report seeing a digit, while people with normal color vision will not CAO_01729 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Contamination/Cleaning questions that assess whether the participant has abnormal standards of cleanliness or abnormal negative feelings associated with uncleanliness CAO_01730 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Checking questions that assess whether the participant rechecks things that have been checked before, or checks things after certainty should already have been attained CAO_01731 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Slowness questions that assess whether the participant takes longer than necessary to perform common tasks CAO_01732 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Doubting questions that assess whether a participant requires an unrealistic amount of perfection or underestimates their ability to adequately perform tasks or make moral decisions CAO_01733 Music comprehension-production-Comprehension subjects are played music and tested to see if they processed it, remembered it, or had the same auditory experience as others CAO_01734 Music comprehension-production-Production subjects are asked to play or sing music CAO_01735 Posner cueing task-Uncued The subject is not shown a cue prior to the appearance of the stimulus CAO_01736 Posner cueing task-Congruent Cue A cue appears before the target stimulus. This cue is in the same location as the target stimulus (a location cue) or pointing in the direction of the target stimulus (an orientation cue). CAO_01737 Posner cueing task-Incongruent Cue A cue appears before the target stimulus, but in another location or orientation. CAO_01738 Pseudoword naming task-Word participants are presented with a real word CAO_01739 Pseudoword naming task-Morphologically Decomposable Pseudowords participants are presented with pseudowords whose structure contains morphemes that commonly exist in their language CAO_01740 Pseudoword naming task-Morphologically Non-decomposable Pseudowords participants are presented with pseudowords that do not have morphological structure CAO_01741 Semantic anomaly judgement task-Semantically correct participants view sentences that are semantically correct and would make sense in everday speech (e.g. CAO_01742 Semantic anomaly judgement task-Semantically anomalous participants view sentences that are semantically incorrect and would not make sense (e.g. CAO_01743 Semantic association task-Semantically associated items participants view items that have some semantic association (e.g. CAO_01744 Semantic association task-Semantically unrelated items participants view items that have no strong semantic association between them (e.g. CAO_01745 Simon task-Congruent Cue Participants view stimuli that are pointing in the same direction as the visual field they appear in, or participants press a button that resembles the stimulus or visual field (i.e. pressing a right arrow on a keyboard when a right-facing arrow appears, or the stimulus is in the right visual field) CAO_01746 Simon task-Incongruent Cue Participants view stimuli that are pointing opposite the visual field they appear in, or the participants press a button that is opposite the stimulus direction or visual field (i.e. pressing a left arrow on a keyboard when a right-facing arrow appears, or when the stimulus is in the right visual field) CAO_01747 Spatial n-back task-0-back participants are asked to identify the spatial location of the dot in the current picture CAO_01748 Spatial n-back task-1-back participants are asked to identify the spatial location of the dot presented 1 picture previously, or indicate whether the current dot matches the position of the dot in the previous picture CAO_01749 Spatial n-back task-2-back participants are asked to identify the spatial location of the dot presented 2 pictures previously, or indicate whether the current dot matches the position of the dot in the picture presented 2 previously CAO_01750 Spatial n-back task-3-back participants are asked to identify the spatial location of the dot presented 3 pictures previously, or indicate whether the current dot matches the position of the dot in the picture presented 3 previously CAO_01751 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-Trait Anxiety this half of the questionnaire evaluates how the participant feels in general CAO_01752 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-State Anxiety this half of the questionnaire evaluates how the participant feels at the moment. This half is more likely to change with re-administration of the questionnaire CAO_01753 Stroop task-congruent the word is printed in the color that its name suggests (e.g. CAO_01754 Stroop task-incongruent the word is printed in a different color than its name suggests (e.g. CAO_01755 Syntactic discrimination-Plausible Sentences participants view sentences that are grammatically correct and plausible as real sentences CAO_01756 Syntactic discrimination-Implausible Snetences participants view sentences that are grammatically incorrect and implausible as real sentences CAO_01757 Underlining test-Single Number participants are asked to underline a specific number each time it appears on a printed page with random sequences of numbers CAO_01758 Underlining test-Single Geometric Form participants are asked to underline a specific symbol or drawing each time it appears on a printed page with random sequences of geometric forms CAO_01759 Underlining test-Single Nonsense Letter participants are asked to underline a single, specific letter each time it appears on a printed page with random sequences of letters CAO_01760 Underlining test-Gestalt Figure participants are asked to underline a complex figure each time it appears on a page with a random sequences of similarly constructed complex figures CAO_01761 Underlining test-Single Letter participants are asked to underline a single, specific letter each time it appears on a printed page with random sequences of letters. Unlike the nonsense letter subtest, this test utilizes real letters from the alphabet of the participantand#39 CAO_01762 Underlining test-Single Letter in Syllable Context participants are asked to underline all syllables containing a specific letter on a page of random sequences of syllables. CAO_01763 Underlining test-Two Letters participants are asked to underline two different, real letters each time they appear on a printed page with random sequences of letters CAO_01764 Underlining test-Sequence of Geometric Forms a page is filled with different orders of four geometric shapes. The participant is asked to underline the symbols when they occur in a specific order (e.g. triangle, then cross, then crescent, then circle) CAO_01765 Underlining test-Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Unpronounceable) a page is filled with random collections of syllables containing no vowels, and must underline a specific nonsense syllable (e.g. fsbm) each time it appears CAO_01766 Underlining test-Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Pronounceable) a page is filled with random collections of syllables containing vowels, and must underline a specific nonsense syllable (e.g. funp) each time it appears CAO_01767 Underlining test-Four-Letter Word participants are asked to underline a specific four-letter word each time it appears on a page filled with random sequences of other four-letter words made up of the same letters as the target word CAO_01768 Underlining test-Unspaced Four-Letter Word participants are asked to underline a specific four-letter word each time it appears on a page filled with random sequences of other four-letter words made up of the same letters as the target word. Unlike the Four-Letter Word subtest, this subtest does not include spaces in between the four-letter words CAO_01769 Underlining test-Single Number (Second Time) participants repeat the first subtest, but search for a different number this time CAO_01770 Visuospatial cueing task-Congruent Cue a visual cue appears in the same place as the target will appear, but slightly early CAO_01771 Visuospatial cueing task-Incongruent Cue a visual cue appears before the target does, but in a different location CAO_01772 Warrington's face-word recognition test-RMW participant is shown words and asked to later identify which ones have been seen before CAO_01773 Warrington's face-word recognition test-RMF participant is shown faces and asked to later identify which ones have been seen before CAO_01774 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Matrix Reasoning assesses the fluid intelligence of the participant CAO_01775 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Block Design assesses spatial abilities of participants CAO_01776 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Similarities assesses semantic knowledge and verbal ability of the participant CAO_01777 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Vocabulary assesses the vocabulary and lexical knowledge of the participant CAO_01778 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Information the participant is asked questions to measure general knowledge CAO_01779 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Digit Span the participant is given a set of digits to repeat either forward or backward. The set grows each time until the participant can no longer correctly recall all the digits in order CAO_01780 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Vocabulary the participant is asked to define 35 words CAO_01781 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Arithmetic the participant is asked to solve 14 story problems with mental arithmetic CAO_01782 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Comprehension the participant is asked 16 questions about social awareness CAO_01783 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Similarities the participant is asked to say how seemingly dissibmilar items might be similar CAO_01784 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Picture Completion the participant is asked to identify the vital missing detail in 20 pictures CAO_01785 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Picture Arrangement the participant is given 10 sets of pictures and must arrange each set into a logical sequence CAO_01786 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Block Design the participant mut assemble blocks to match pictures of designs CAO_01787 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Digit Symbol the participant use a key - which pairs each number with a symbol - to identify which digit matches the symbols they are presented with CAO_01788 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Object Assembly the participant completes puzzles CAO_01789 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Vocabulary the participant is asked to define words CAO_01790 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Information the participant is asked questions to measure general knowledge CAO_01791 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Logical Memory participants must recall or recognize elements from a short story CAO_01792 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Verbal Paired Associates participants must recall or recognize a word when prompted by an unrelated word that was paired with it during the presentation of word pairs CAO_01793 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Designs participants must recall visual details and spatial locations of designs CAO_01794 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Visual Reproduction participants view a picture and reproduce it after it has been taken away CAO_01795 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Spatial Addition participants manipulate visuospatial information in their working memory CAO_01796 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Symbol Span participants must recall sequences of symbols, increasing in size with each correct completion CAO_01797 Word identification-perceptual identification a word is presented extremely briefly (and often tachistoscopically) on a computer screen and the participant is asked to say the word aloud when they see it CAO_01798 Word identification-lexical decision a string of letters is presented and the participant is asked to identify whether the letters form a word or not CAO_01799 Word identification-latency identification words are presented that the participant is asked to read, but some words are very common and others are used infrequently CAO_01800 Word identification-primed identification participants are shown words that are semantically or structurally similar to the target word before the target word, which they are asked to read, appears CAO_01801 Positive and negative affect scale-Trait Affect how the participant would answer questions in general CAO_01802 Positive and negative affect scale-State Affect how the participant would answer questions at the moment, or over the past few days CAO_01803 Braille reading task-Early Blind subjects who have been blind since birth or before the acquisition of developed language and/or reading skills CAO_01804 Braille reading task-Late Blind subjects who lost their sight after acquiring the ability to read non-braille text CAO_01805 Hayling sentence completion test-Initiation participants were instructed to complete a series of 15 sentences (e.g., He posted the letter without a ….) using the contextually predicted word (STAMP) CAO_01806 Hayling sentence completion test-Inhibition participants were instructed to complete a series of 15 sentences (e.g., He posted the letter without a ….) using totally unconnected words (e.g. BANANA) CAO_01807 Letter n-back task-0-back participant is shown or read a list of letters and then asked to identify the last letter given CAO_01808 Letter n-back task-1-back participant is shown or read a list of letters and then asked to identify the letter given 1 letter previously CAO_01809 Letter n-back task-2-back participant is shown or read a list of letters and then asked to identify the letter given 2 letters previously CAO_01810 Letter n-back task-3-back participant is shown or read a list of letters and then asked to identify the letter given 3 letters previously, or asked if the current letter matches the letter given 3 letters back CAO_01811 Synchrony judgment task-cue onset asynchrony different onset lags between the two cues (e.g., the auditory onset is 50ms after visual onset) CAO_01812 Temporal order judgment task-cue onset asynchrony different onset lags between the two cues (e.g., the auditory onset is 50ms after visual onset) CAO_01813 Stroop task-neutral the stimulus is a non-color word or nonword (e.g., CAO_01814 Acupuncture task-verum acupuncture needles placed according to guidelines usually derived from traditional Chinese practice CAO_01815 Acupuncture task-sham acupuncture needles placed at locations not corresponding to guidelines CAO_01816 Alternating runs paradigm-No-switch trials trials that are preceeded by trials of the same type CAO_01817 Alternating runs paradigm-Switch trials trials that are preceeded by trials of the other task type CAO_01818 Animal naming task-Common animals Animals that are frequent and commonly known (e.g., horse) CAO_01819 Animal naming task-Rare animals Animals that are not commonly encountered or known (e.g., egret) CAO_01820 Attention networks test-Congruent flanker items indicate same response as target CAO_01821 Attention networks test-Incongruent flanker items indicate opposite response as target CAO_01822 Attention networks test-Neutral flanker items do not indicate either response CAO_01823 Attention networks test-Cue: none no cue precedes trial CAO_01824 Attention networks test-Cue: double cue precedes trial but provides no information about the location of the upcoming stimulus CAO_01825 Attention networks test-Cue: spatial cue precedes trial and can predict location of upcoming stimulus CAO_01826 Ax-cpt task-Target An CAO_01827 Ax-cpt task-Distractors All other items (including the CAO_01828 Heat stimulation-Baseline Stimulation at skin temperature CAO_01829 Heat stimulation-Heat Stimulation Stimulation at a temperature above pain threshold CAO_01830 Rubber hand illusion-Body ownership Synchronous paintbrush stroking of the occluded hand and the rubber hand elicits the illusion of the rubber hand being part of one’s body. CAO_01831 Rubber hand illusion-No body ownership Asynchronous paintbrush stroking of the occluded hand and the rubber hand. CAO_01832 Mechanical stimulation-Noxious stimulation Painful stimuli (e.g. sharp tips) are delivered to the skin CAO_01833 Mechanical stimulation-Non-noxious stimulation Non-painful stimuli (e.g. blunt tips) are delivered to the skin CAO_01834 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT-1.0°C Heat stimulation at pain threshold minus 1.0°C CAO_01835 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT-0.7°C Heat stimulation at pain threshold minus 0.7°C CAO_01836 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT+0.7°C Heat stimulation at pain threshold plus 0.7°C CAO_01837 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT+1.3°C Heat stimulation at pain threshold plus 1.3°C CAO_01838 Dual sensitization-Baseline Rest, stimulation at skin temperature CAO_01839 Thermal grill illusion-Baseline Stimulation with indifferent temperature – not warm and not cold (around skin temperature) CAO_01840 Thermal grill illusion-Warm Stimulation with warm, but not painful, temperature CAO_01841 Thermal grill illusion-Cool Stimulation with cold, but not painful, temperature CAO_01842 Thermal grill illusion-Heat pain Stimulation with painful heat stimulus CAO_01843 Thermal grill illusion-Cold pain Stimulation with painful cold stimulus CAO_01844 Thermal grill illusion-Thermal grill Stimulation with thermal grill CAO_01845 Tonic pain stimulation-No Pain Not painful thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimulation CAO_01846 Tonic pain stimulation-Pain Painful thermal (hot/cold), electrical, chemical or mechanical stimulation CAO_01847 Phasic pain stimulation-No Pain Not painful thermal (hot/cold), electrical, or mechanical stimulation CAO_01848 Phasic pain stimulation-Pain Painful thermal (hot/cold), electrical, or mechanical stimulation CAO_01849 Cold stimulation -Noxious Cold A noxious cold stimulus is applied to the skin CAO_01850 Cold stimulation -Innocuous Cool An innocuous cool stimulus is applied to the skin CAO_01851 Cold stimulation -Neutral A neutral thermal stimulus is applied to the skin CAO_01852 Electric stimulation-Painful Application of a painful electric stimulus CAO_01853 Electric stimulation-Non-Painful Application of a non-painful electric stimulus CAO_01854 Electric stimulation-Baseline Rest CAO_01855 Capsaicin-evoked pain-Capsaicin-Evoked Pain Intradermal injection of capsaicin CAO_01856 Capsaicin-evoked pain-Rest Rest, no stimulation CAO_01857 Heat sensitization-adaptation-Baseline Stimulation at skin temperature CAO_01858 Heat sensitization-adaptation-Heat Stimulation Heat stimulus above pain threshold CAO_01859 Cold pressor test-Cold Task Application of cold but not painful water CAO_01860 Cold pressor test-Pain Task Application of painful cold water CAO_01861 Cold pressor test-Baseline No application of water CAO_01862 Sequential shape matching-Match trials Trials on which the same shape is presented twice CAO_01863 Sequential shape matching-Mismatch trials Trials on which different objects are presented CAO_01864 Deterministic classification-Deterministic classification trials trials on which the subject classifies items CAO_01865 Mixed event-related probe-blocks of both probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials trials on which the subject classifies items CAO_01866 Tone counting-tone counting trials trials on which a subject listens and rembers that a tone was presented CAO_01867 Single-task weather prediction -classification learning trials trials on which the subject classifies items CAO_01868 Dual-task weather prediction-classification learning trials trials on which the subject classifies items while also listening for a specific tone and keeps count of how many times it occurs CAO_01869 Dual-task weather prediction-tone-counting probe probe for the number of times that the relevant tone was presented CAO_01870 Probabilistic classification task-feedback presentation of feedback following response CAO_01871 Classification probe without feedback-Classification trials: Probabilistic Classification on items learned with probabilistic feedback CAO_01872 Classification probe without feedback-Classification trials: Deterministic Classification on items learned with deterministic feedback CAO_01873 Mixed gambles task-Gamble judgment Judgment of whether to accept or reject a particular gamble CAO_01874 Stop signal task-Junk trial A go trial on which subject failed to respond or responded incorrectly CAO_01875 Conditional stop signal task-Successful stop trial Stop trial on which subjects successfully inhibit CAO_01876 Conditional stop signal task-Failed stop trial Trial on which subject fails to successfully inhibit CAO_01877 Conditional stop signal task-Junk trial Go trial on which subject fails to respond or responds incorrectly CAO_01878 Conditional stop signal task-Go trials - critical Go trial on which the response corresponds to the one that should be inhibited on stop trials CAO_01879 Conditional stop signal task-Go trials - noncritical Go trial on which the response corresponds to the one that should not be inhibited on stop trials CAO_01880 Conditional stop signal task-Failed stop trial - critical Trials on which a stop signal was presented and the response was the critical one (i.e., the one that should be inhibited) CAO_01881 Conditional stop signal task-Failed stop trial - noncritical Trials on which a stop signal was presented and the response was the noncritical one (i.e., the one that should not be inhibited) CAO_01882 Tone counting-Probe Presentation of a probe regarding the number of tones counted in the block CAO_01883 Single-task weather prediction -Probe Probe asking which of two numbers is higher CAO_01884 Classification probe without feedback-Classification trials: Single task learning Classification on items learned under single task conditions CAO_01885 Classification probe without feedback-Classification trials: Dual task learning Classification on items learned under dual task conditions CAO_01886 Classification probe without feedback-Junk trial Trials on which subject did not respond or made an error CAO_01887 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-EE-Abstract-Novel Novel abstract English word CAO_01888 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-EE-Abstract-Repeat Repeated abstract English word (first seen in English) CAO_01889 Probabilistic classification task-Probabilistic classification trials: Positive feedback Trials on which subject classifies item and receives positive feedback CAO_01890 Probabilistic classification task-Probabilistic classification trials: Negative feedback Trials on which subject classifies item and receives negative feedback CAO_01891 Probabilistic classification task-Probabilistic reversal learning trials: Positive feedback Trials on which subject classifies item under reversal conditions and receives positive feedback CAO_01892 Probabilistic classification task-Probabilistic reversal learning trials: Negative feedback Trials on which subject classifies item under reversal conditions and receives negative feedback CAO_01893 Object one-back task-House Images of houses CAO_01894 Object one-back task-Scrambled Scrambled images CAO_01895 Word one-back task-Words Real words CAO_01896 Word one-back task-Consonant strings Consonant strings CAO_01897 Object one-back task-Objects Images of various visual objects CAO_01898 Deterministic classification-feedback presentation of feedback following response CAO_01899 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-EE-Concrete-Novel Novel concrete English word CAO_01900 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-ES-Abstract-Novel Novel abstract English word CAO_01901 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-ES-Concrete-Novel Novel concrete English word CAO_01902 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SE-Abstract-Novel Novel abstract Spanish word CAO_01903 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SE-Concrete-Novel Novel concrete Spanish word CAO_01904 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SS-Abstract-Novel Novel abstract Spanish word CAO_01905 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SS-Concrete-Novel Novel concrete Spanish word CAO_01906 Simon task-Congruent Correct Participants respond correctly to a congruent cue CAO_01907 Simon task-Congruent Incorrect Participants respond incorrectly to a congruent cue CAO_01908 Simon task-Incongruent Correct Participants respond correctly to a incongruent cue CAO_01909 Simon task-Incongruent incorrect Participants respond incorrectly to a incongruent cue CAO_01910 Object one-back task-Cat Images of cats CAO_01911 Object one-back task-Shoe images of shoes CAO_01912 Object one-back task-Bottle images of bottles CAO_01913 Object one-back task-Scissors Images of scissors CAO_01914 Object one-back task-Chair Images of chairs CAO_01915 Object one-back task-Face Images of faces CAO_01916 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-EE-Concrete-Repeat Repeated concrete English word (first seen in English) CAO_01917 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-ES-Abstract-Repeat Repeated abstract Spanish word (first seen in English) CAO_01918 Classification probe without feedback-Junk single-task items Single task items on which the subject did not respond or made an error CAO_01919 Classification probe without feedback-Junk dual-task items Dual task items on which the subject did not respond or made an error CAO_01920 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-ES-Concrete-Repeat Repeated concrete Spanish word (first seen in English) CAO_01921 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SE-Abstract-Repeat Repeated abstract English word (first seen in Spanish) CAO_01922 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SE-Concrete-Repeat Repeated concrete English word (first seen in Spanish) CAO_01923 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SS-Abstract-Repeat Repeated abstract Spanish word (first seen in Spanish) CAO_01924 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-SS-Concrete-Repeat Repeated abstract Spanish word (first seen in Spanish) CAO_01925 Eriksen flanker task-Congruent Correct the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by some congruent image (the same letter or number as the stimulus or arrows pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus) and makes a correct response CAO_01926 Eriksen flanker task-Congruent Incorrect the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by some congruent image (the same letter or number as the stimulus or arrows pointing in the same direction as the target stimulus) and makes an incorrect response CAO_01927 Eriksen flanker task-Incongruent Correct the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by incongruent images (different letters or numbers or arrows pointing in the opposite direction) and makes a correct response CAO_01928 Eriksen flanker task-Incongruent Incorrect the participant is shown a stimulus flanked by incongruent images (different letters or numbers or arrows pointing in the opposite direction) and makes an incorrect response CAO_01929 Delayed recall test-correct recall CAO_01930 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pump The participant chooses to pump the balloon CAO_01931 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash-out The participant decides to stop pumping and put current earnings into the bank. CAO_01932 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pump The participant pumps a control balloon which has no reward associated with it CAO_01933 Bimanual coordination task-in-phase movement is consistent between hands CAO_01934 Bimanual coordination task-out-of-phase movement is different between hands CAO_01935 Contextual cueing task-invariant distractor stimuli locations repeated across blocks within a session CAO_01936 Contextual cueing task-variable distractor stimuli locations generated anew for each block within a session CAO_01937 Counting stroop task-congruent CAO_01938 Counting stroop task-incongruent CAO_01939 Counting stroop task-neutral CAO_01940 Color trails test-consistent number is in a circle whose color follows the pattern specified CAO_01941 Color trails test-inconsistent number is in a circle whose color does not follow the pattern specified CAO_01942 Color trails test-part 1 participant is to make pencil line connections in numerical order between 25 encircled numbers which are randomly arranged CAO_01943 Color trails test-part 2 all numbers 1-25 are shown twice, once in pink and once in yellow CAO_01944 Dichotic listening task-synonymous word played in unattended channel is synonymous with that being played concurrently in attended channel CAO_01945 Dichotic listening task-associated word played in unattended channel is related to but not synonymous with that being played concurrently in attended channel CAO_01946 Dichotic listening task-unassociated word being played in unattended channel is entirely unrelated to that being played concurrently in attended channel CAO_01947 Immediate memory task-identical second number is identical to the first CAO_01948 Immediate memory task-false alarm second number is similar to the first in composition and order, but one digit is different CAO_01949 Immediate memory task-different second number is dissimilar from first CAO_01950 Delayed memory task-identical second number is identical to the first CAO_01951 Delayed memory task-false alarm second number is similar to the first in composition and order, but one digit is different CAO_01952 Delayed memory task-different second number is dissimilar from first CAO_01953 Spatial delayed response task-short delay of 5 seconds CAO_01954 Spatial delayed response task-long delay of 60 seconds CAO_01955 Spatial delayed response task-one cue one dot-shaped cue appears at a time CAO_01956 Spatial delayed response task-two cues two dot-shaped cues appear at a time CAO_01957 Digit cancellation task-standard participants are shown an 8.5 CAO_01958 Digit cancellation task-distraction like standard except that participants are to ignore numbers being read aloud at a rate of 1/s through earphones while completing the task CAO_01959 Dot pattern expectancy task-valid probe is preceded by specified cue CAO_01960 Dot pattern expectancy task-invalid probe is preceded by non-specified cue CAO_01961 Dual-task paradigm-control each task performed individually CAO_01962 Dual-task paradigm-dual tasks performed simultaneously CAO_01963 Negative priming task-experimental a distractor from the prime trial is the target in the test trial CAO_01964 Negative priming task-control neither targets nor distractors are repeated across trials CAO_01965 Nonword repetition task-1 syllable CAO_01966 Nonword repetition task-2 syllables CAO_01967 Nonword repetition task-3 syllables CAO_01968 Nonword repetition task-4 syllables CAO_01969 Parity judgment task-Arabic numberals are represented in the Arabic system CAO_01970 Parity judgment task-verbal numerals are represented as words CAO_01971 Phoneme detection task-wordlike nonwords more closely resemble real words CAO_01972 Phoneme detection task-less wordlike nonwords less closely resemble real words CAO_01973 Picture-word stroop test-congruent name matches drawing CAO_01974 Picture-word stroop test-incongruent name does not match drawing CAO_01975 Prospective memory task-time-based remembering to perform task in specified intervals CAO_01976 Prospective memory task-event-based remembering to perform task after a specified event CAO_01977 Prospective memory task-high importance task described as more important than alternative task CAO_01978 Prospective memory task-low importance task described as less important than alternative task CAO_01979 Prospective memory task-normal participant is only given prospective memory tasks CAO_01980 Prospective memory task-demanding participant performs prospective memory task and a competing task (e.g. listening for a digit named in an auditory stream) CAO_01981 Shadowing task-related prime is related to target CAO_01982 Shadowing task-unrelated prime is unrelated to target CAO_01983 Shadowing task-identical prime is identical to target CAO_01984 Shadowing task-unprimed only target is presented CAO_01985 Test of variables of attention-target infrequent the first half of the test, in which the target:nontarget ratio is 1:3.5 CAO_01986 Test of variables of attention-target frequent the second half of the test, in which the target:nontarget ratio is 3.5:1 CAO_01987 Artificial grammar learning task-amnesic participants have severely impaired declarative memory CAO_01988 Biological motion task-walker points of light move at a rate and in a direction generated by an algorithm approximating human walking CAO_01989 Biological motion task-scrambled walker point of light mirror the direction and speed of walker points, but their x or y coordinates are randomly shifted CAO_01990 Cambridge gambling task-ascending possible bets start low and increase over time CAO_01991 Cambridge gambling task-descending bets start high and decrease over time CAO_01992 Meditation task-meditation participant performs meditation of a specific subtype CAO_01993 Meditation task-control participant performs engages in an analogous activity CAO_01994 Operant task-positive reinforcement behavior is followed by grant of a rewarding stimulus CAO_01995 Operant task-negative reinforcement behavior is followed by removal of an aversive stimulus CAO_01996 Operant task-positive punishment behavior is followed by grant of an aversive stimulus CAO_01997 Operant task-negative punishment behavior is followed by removal of a rewarding stimulus CAO_01998 Npu-threat test-N (neutral) no aversive stimulus presented CAO_01999 Npu-threat test-P (predictable) aversive stimulus only presented after a specific cue CAO_02000 Npu-threat test-U (unpredictable) aversive stimulus presented without relationship to cue CAO_02001 Npu-threat test-cued segment within a given trial (either N, P, or U) during which cue is present CAO_02002 Npu-threat test-uncued segment within a given trial (either N, P, or U) during which cue is absent CAO_02003 Numerosity estimation task-subitizing the number of items to be counted is below a threshold above which participants must actively count, typically less than 4 CAO_02004 Numerosity estimation task-counting the number of items is past a certain threshold beyond which participants must actively count, typically >4 CAO_02005 Numerosity estimation task-low load items to be counted are appraised for one feature (e.g. color or arrangement) CAO_02006 Numerosity estimation task-high load items to be counted are appraised for more than one feature (e.g. color and arrangement) CAO_02007 Psychophysics task-method of limits CAO_02008 Psychophysics task-staircase method CAO_02009 Dot motion task-random some proportion of dots is moving in a particular motion while the rest move randomly CAO_02010 Dot motion task- dots other than those in target array move in a specific direction CAO_02011 Operation span task-operation span Presentation of mathematical verification followed by word CAO_02012 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT)-sleep deprived the subjects have not had adequate sleep for one or more nights CAO_02013 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT)-controls the subjects get adequate sleep or have not undergone neurobehavioral change CAO_02014 Implicit association task-congruent the associations are congruent with the participantand#39 CAO_02015 Implicit association task-incongruent the associations are incongruent with the participantand#39 CAO_02016 Incidental encoding task-Valid HC-Hit Cue valid cue where following object was a subsequent high confidence hit CAO_02017 Incidental encoding task-Valid HC-Hit Obj object that was a subsequent high confidence hit and that followed a valid cue CAO_02018 Incidental encoding task-Valid LC-Hit Cue valid cue where following object was a subsequent low confidence hit CAO_02019 Incidental encoding task-Valid LC-Hit Obj object that was a subsequent low confidence hit and that followed a valid cue CAO_02020 Incidental encoding task-Valid Miss Cue valid cue where following object was a subsequent miss CAO_02021 Incidental encoding task-Valid Miss Obj object that was a subsequent miss and that followed a valid cue CAO_02022 Incidental encoding task-Invalid HC-Hit Cue invalid cue where following object was a subsequent high confidence hit CAO_02023 Incidental encoding task-Invalid HC-Hit Obj object that was a subsequent high confidence hit and that followed an invalid cue CAO_02024 Incidental encoding task-Invalid LC-Hit Cue invalid cue where following object was a subsequent low confidence hit CAO_02025 Incidental encoding task-Invalid LC-Hit Obj object that was a subsequent low confidence hit and that followed an invalid cue CAO_02026 Incidental encoding task-Invalid Miss Cue invalid cue where following object was a subsequent miss CAO_02027 Incidental encoding task-Invalid Miss Obj object that was a subsequent miss and that followed an invalid cue CAO_02028 Incidental encoding task-Valid Other Obj Cue valid cue where following stimulus was an untested or no response object CAO_02029 Incidental encoding task-Valid Other Obj stimulus that was an untested or no response object and that followed a valid cue CAO_02030 Incidental encoding task-Valid Other Greeble Cue valid cue where following stimulus was an untested or no response greeble CAO_02031 Incidental encoding task-Valid Other Greeble stimulus that was an untested or no response greeble and that followed a valid cue CAO_02032 Incidental encoding task-Invalid Other Greeble Cue invalid cue where following stimulus was an untested or no response greeble CAO_02033 Incidental encoding task-Invalid Other Greeble stimulus that was an untested or no response greeble and that followed a invalid cue CAO_02034 Emotional regulation task-Look Neutral Cue participant views a cue that signals to look at a neutral image CAO_02035 Emotional regulation task-Look Negative Cue participant views a cue that signals to look at an aversive image CAO_02036 Emotional regulation task-Reappraise Negative Cue participant looks at a cue that signals to reappraise an aversive image CAO_02037 Emotional regulation task-look Neutral Stimulus participant views a neutral image CAO_02038 Emotional regulation task-Look Negative Stimulus participant views an aversive image CAO_02039 Emotional regulation task-Reappraise Negative Stimulus participant reappraises the emotional value of an aversive image so the emotional impact is less negative CAO_02040 Emotional regulation task-Look Neutral Rating participants rate their negative affect after a neutral stimulus CAO_02041 Emotional regulation task-Look Negative Rating participants rate their negative affect after an aversive stimulus CAO_02042 Emotional regulation task-Reappraise Negative Rating participants rate their negative affect after they were asked to reappraise an aversive image CAO_02043 Emotional regulation task-Look Neutral Anticipation anticipation trial that involves viewing a neutral cue without a neutral stimulus following the cue CAO_02044 Emotional regulation task-Look Negative Anticipation anticipation trial that involves viewing a negative cue without a aversive stimulus following the cue CAO_02045 Emotional regulation task-Reappraise Negative Anticipation anticipation trial that involves viewing a reappraisal cue without the aversive image appearing after the cue CAO_02046 Nih toolbox words-in noise test-control No background noise is heard CAO_02047 Nih toolbox words-in noise test-word in noise Noise, such as other voices conversing, is heard in the background, and the participant must discriminate the voice. CAO_02048 Nih toolbox picture vocabulary test-age this task is often administered at multiple time points to determine improvement CAO_02049 Nih toolbox dimensional change card sort test-Single dimension participants must match pictures based on one dimension (color, shape, type, size) CAO_02050 Nih toolbox dimensional change card sort test-Switch dimensions participants must match pictures based on one dimension (color, shape, type, size), then switch to another. This may be repeated multiple times in one trial. CAO_02051 Nih toolbox list sorting working memory test-1-List participants repeat items according to only one dimension CAO_02052 Nih toolbox list sorting working memory test-2-List participants repeat items according to two dimensions CAO_02053 Nih toolbox 9-hole pegboard dexterity test-left hand participant uses only the left hand to place and remove pegs CAO_02054 Nih toolbox 9-hole pegboard dexterity test-right hand participant uses only the right hand to place and remove pegs CAO_02055 Nih toolbox grip strength test-left hand participant uses only the left hand to squeeze dynamometer CAO_02056 Nih toolbox grip strength test-right hand participant uses only the right hand to squeeze dynamometer CAO_02057 Nih toolbox standing balance test-eyes open on solid surface CAO_02058 Nih toolbox standing balance test-eyes closed on a solid surface CAO_02059 Nih toolbox standing balance test-eyes open on a foam surface CAO_02060 Nih toolbox standing balance test-eyes closed on a foam surface CAO_02061 Nih toolbox standing balance test-eyes open in tandem stance on a solid surface CAO_02062 Nih toolbox hearing threshold test-right ear CAO_02063 Nih toolbox hearing threshold test-left ear CAO_02064 Nih toolbox dynamic visual acuity test-still participant does not move their head or body during the task CAO_02065 Articulatory suppression task-suppression the subject must produce irrelevant speech during maintenance CAO_02066 Articulatory suppression task-control the subject must maintain information without production) CAO_02067 Visual analogue scales-control the participant completes the task in what they would consider their normal state (naive to alterations by the experimenters) CAO_02068 Visual analogue scales-subjective state the participant completes the task after an alteration to their subjective state has been made by the researchers (drug administered, a specific emotion elicited, etc.) CAO_02069 Information sampling task-fixed win subject is awarded 100 points for a correct decision regardless of the number of boxes opened CAO_02070 Information sampling task-decreasing win number of points that can be won for a correct decision starts at 250 and decreases by 10 points for every box touched CAO_02071 False belief task-false belief story participants listen to a false belief story CAO_02072 False belief task-false belief question participants answer a question about the false belief story CAO_02073 False belief task-false belief picture story participants look at a physical representation of a false belief story CAO_02074 False belief task-false belief picture question participants answer a question about a picture of a false belief story CAO_02075 Penn word memory test-Immediate Participant is shown list immediately after learning target words CAO_02076 Penn word memory test-Delayed Participant is shown list 20 minutes after learning target words CAO_02077 Wais digit span-forward the subject is given a set of numbers and asked to repeat them in the order given. CAO_02078 Wais digit span-backward the subject is given a set of numbers and asked to repeat them in the opposite of the order given. CAO_02079 Wais digit span-sequencing the subject is given a set of numbers and asked to list them in ascending order from smallest to largest. CAO_02080 Criteria task-line criterion rule size of criterion line used for classifying stimuli CAO_02081 Criteria task-size of line size of line stimulus presented on each trial CAO_02082 Criteria task-line trial trials with responses CAO_02083 Criteria task-dot criterion rule size of dot matrix(number of dots in dot matrix) used for classifying stimuli CAO_02084 Criteria task-number of dots number of dots in dot matrix presented on each trial CAO_02085 Criteria task-dot trial trials with responses CAO_02086 Criteria task-correct trial correct responses on line and dot stimuli trials CAO_02087 Criteria task-error trial error trials on line and dot stimuli trials CAO_02088 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-accept trials accepted CAO_02089 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-reject trials rejected CAO_02090 Space fortress-target simultaneously playing Space Fortress and performing an oddball task CAO_02091 Space fortress-nontarget playing Space Fortress CAO_02092 Change detection task-change the second array contains a different item than the original CAO_02093 Change detection task-no change the second array is identical to the original CAO_02094 Ax-dpx-Target the dot pattern matches the pattern that the subject is told to respond to CAO_02095 Ax-dpx-Non-target the dot pattern differs from the intended target pattern CAO_02096 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-Mirror-Switch Mirror-reversed trials preceded by a plain text trial CAO_02097 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-Mirror-Repeat Mirror-reversed trials preceded by a mirror-reversed trial CAO_02098 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-Plain-Switch Plain-text trials preceded by a mirror-reversed trial CAO_02099 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-Plain-Repeat Plain-text trials preceded by a plain-text trial CAO_02100 Emotional regulation task-Rating Rating of affect across all conditions CAO_02101 Emotional regulation task-Rating - Parametric Parametric modulation by rating CAO_02102 Temporal discounting task-Easy trials Trials in which the difference in value between options is large CAO_02103 Temporal discounting task-Hard trials Trials in which the difference in value between options is small CAO_02104 Temporal discounting task-Easy - parametric Parametric modulation by distance from indifference CAO_02105 Temporal discounting task-Hard - parametric Parametric modulation by distance from indifference CAO_02106 Criteria task-line trial response time response time for line trials CAO_02107 Criteria task-dot trial response time response time for dot trials CAO_02108 Criteria task-measure of difficulty where a higher number means greater difficulty CAO_02109 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps fixed average activity across all pumps with fixed duration and without parametric modulation CAO_02110 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps demean parametrically modulated activity by the demeaned number of pumps (linearly increasing) within each trial and with fixed duration CAO_02111 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps fixed real RT average activity across all pumps with duration of pumps set to actual RT of each pump CAO_02112 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash fixed average activity across all pumps on cash-out events with fixed duration and without parametric modulation CAO_02113 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash demean parametrically modulated activity by the demeaned number of pumps on cash-out events (linearly increasing) within each trial and with fixed duration CAO_02114 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash fixed real RT average activity across all pumps on cash-out event with duration of pumps set to actual RT of each pump CAO_02115 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-explode fixed average activity across all pumps on explosion events with fixed duration and without parametric modulation CAO_02116 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-explode demean parametrically modulated activity by the demeaned number of pumps on explosion events (linearly increasing) within each trial and with fixed duration CAO_02117 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps fixed average activity across all pumps on control balloons with fixed duration and without parametric modulation CAO_02118 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps demean parametrically modulated activity by the demeaned number of pumps on control balloons (linearly increasing) within each trial and with fixed duration CAO_02119 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps fixed real RT average activity across all pumps on control balloon with duration of pumps set to actual RT of each pump CAO_02120 Mixed event-related probe-probabilistic classification trials CAO_02121 Mixed event-related probe-deterministic classification trials CAO_02122 Mixed gambles task-parametric gain CAO_02123 Mixed gambles task-parametric loss CAO_02124 Mixed gambles task-distance from indifference CAO_02125 Stop signal task with letter naming-Go trial Trials on which a go stimulus is presented and the subject is expected to respond CAO_02126 Stop signal task with letter naming-Stop trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go stimulus, and the subject is expected to stop CAO_02127 Stop signal task with letter naming-Successful Stop Trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject successfully withholds their response CAO_02128 Stop signal task with letter naming-Unsuccessful stop trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject fails to withhold their response CAO_02129 Stop signal task with letter naming-Junk trial A go trial on which subject failed to respond or responded incorrectly CAO_02130 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-Go trial Trials on which a go stimulus is presented and the subject is expected to respond CAO_02131 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-Stop trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go stimulus, and the subject is expected to stop CAO_02132 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-Successful Stop Trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject successfully withholds their response CAO_02133 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-Unsuccessful stop trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject fails to withhold their response CAO_02134 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-Junk trial A go trial on which subject failed to respond or responded incorrectly CAO_02135 Classification probe without feedback-correct classification of dual-task items CAO_02136 Single-task weather prediction -positive feedback trials when subject received positive feedback CAO_02137 Single-task weather prediction -negative feedback trials when subject received negative feedback CAO_02138 Reversal weather prediction-classification learning trials trials on which the subject classifies items CAO_02139 Reversal weather prediction-Probe Probe asking which of two numbers is higher CAO_02140 Reversal weather prediction-positive feedback trials when subject received positive feedback CAO_02141 Reversal weather prediction-negative feedback trials when subject received negative feedback CAO_02142 Object one-back task-words CAO_02143 Object one-back task-consonant strings CAO_02144 Mixed gambles task-task CAO_02145 Conditional stop signal task-successful stop - critical trials when subjects successfully completed a stop - critical trial CAO_02146 Attention networks test-Cue: central cue precedes trial but no provides information about the location of the upcoming stimulus CAO_02147 Overt word repetition-Repetition Repetition of words CAO_02148 Covert verb generation task-Generation Covert generation of verbs CAO_02149 Tapping task-Finger Tap index finger in response to a picture of a finger CAO_02150 Tapping task-Foot Flex foot in response to picture of a foot CAO_02151 Tapping task-Lips Purse lips in response to picture of lips CAO_02152 Landmark task-Landmark Decide whether a line is crossed in the middle CAO_02153 Landmark task-Detection Decide whether a line is crossed at all CAO_02154 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back faces blocked CAO_02155 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back places blocked CAO_02156 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back tools blocked CAO_02157 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back body parts blocked CAO_02158 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back faces blocked CAO_02159 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back places blocked CAO_02160 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back tools blocked CAO_02161 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back body parts blocked CAO_02162 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back correct trials event-related CAO_02163 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back error trials event-related CAO_02164 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back no response trials event-related CAO_02165 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back correct trials event-related CAO_02166 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back error trials event-related CAO_02167 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back no response trials event-related CAO_02168 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left finger blocks CAO_02169 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right finger blocks CAO_02170 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left toe blocks CAO_02171 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right toe blocks CAO_02172 Motor fmri task paradigm-tongue movement CAO_02173 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Story blocked CAO_02174 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Math blocked CAO_02175 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Random Interaction CAO_02176 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Mental Interaction CAO_02177 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Relational Processing blocked CAO_02178 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Matching blocked CAO_02179 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Face blocked CAO_02180 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Shape blocked CAO_02181 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Mostly reward blocks blocked CAO_02182 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Mostly loss blocks blocked CAO_02183 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Reward trials event-related CAO_02184 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Loss trials event-related CAO_02185 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Neutral trials event-related CAO_02186 Stop signal walking task with stroop-Go trial Trials on which a go stimulus is presented and the subject is expected to respond CAO_02187 Stop signal walking task with stroop-Stop trial Trials on which a stop signal is presented at some delay (stop-signal delay) following the go stimulus, and the subject is expected to stop CAO_02188 Stop signal walking task with stroop-Successful Stop Trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject successfully withholds their response CAO_02189 Stop signal walking task with stroop-Unsuccessful stop trial A trial on which a stop signal is presented at a delay following the go stimulus, and the subject fails to withhold their response CAO_02190 Stop signal walking task with stroop-Junk trial A go trial on which subject failed to respond or responded incorrectly CAO_02191 Contextual semantic priming task-scrambled CAO_02192 Contextual semantic priming task-letter string CAO_02193 Color-word stroop with task switching-congruent The color and word names match CAO_02194 Color-word stroop with task switching-incongruent The color and word names conflict with one another CAO_02195 Color-word stroop with task switching-neutral The word is not a color name CAO_02196 Multi-class n-back task-face 1-back CAO_02197 Multi-class n-back task-face 2-back CAO_02198 Multi-class n-back task-scene 1-back CAO_02199 Multi-class n-back task-scene 2-back CAO_02200 Multi-class n-back task-Chinese character 1-back CAO_02201 Multi-class n-back task-Chinese character 2-back CAO_02202 Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination-go trials CAO_02203 Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination-successful stop trials CAO_02204 Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination-unsuccessful stop trials CAO_02205 Stop signal task with dot motion discrimination-motion cohrence a parametric manipulation of dot motion coherence CAO_02206 Multi-object localizer task-faces CAO_02207 Multi-object localizer task-body parts CAO_02208 Multi-object localizer task-limbs CAO_02209 Multi-object localizer task-houses CAO_02210 Multi-object localizer task-places CAO_02211 Multi-object localizer task-cars CAO_02212 Multi-object localizer task-guitars CAO_02213 Multi-object localizer task-words CAO_02214 Multi-object localizer task-numbers CAO_02215 Multi-object localizer task-response events on which the subject made a target detection response CAO_02216 Sentence-nonword language localizer-Sentences CAO_02217 Sentence-nonword language localizer-Nonwords CAO_02218 Sentence-nonword language localizer-Response Subject responds to the probe CAO_02219 Single item food choice task-HE food choice period Visual presentation of high energy food stimulus CAO_02220 Single item food choice task-LE food choice period Visual presentation of low energy food stimulus CAO_02221 Incentive modulated antisaccade task-antisaccade eye movements away from the fixation point CAO_02222 Incentive modulated antisaccade task-prosaccade eye movements toward the fixation point CAO_02223 Regulated heat stimulation-regulate up CAO_02224 Regulated heat stimulation-regulate down CAO_02225 Sternberg recent probes-Recent Positive a member of the current trial training set and the preceding trial training set CAO_02226 Sternberg recent probes-Recent Negative a member of the preceding trial training set but not the current trial training set CAO_02227 Sternberg recent probes-Non-recent Positive a member of the current trial training set but not the preceding trial training set CAO_02228 Sternberg recent probes-Non-recent Negative not a member of the current trial training set or the preceding trial training set CAO_02229 Sternberg directed forgetting-Positive probe a letter that was in the memory set CAO_02230 Sternberg directed forgetting-Negative probe a letter that was in the forget set CAO_02231 Sternberg directed forgetting-Neutral probe a letter that was not in the training set CAO_02232 Adaptation of marshmellow test-High-persistance (HP) environment delays were drawn uniformly from the values 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40. CAO_02233 Adaptation of marshmellow test-Low-persistance (LP) environment delays were set to 90 s with probability of 0.5, and otherwise drawn uniformly from the values 5, 10, 15 and 20s. CAO_02234 Dospert -Risk-Taking(RT) risk taking behavior CAO_02235 Dospert -Risk-Perceptions(RP) perceptions of risk CAO_02236 Dospert -Expected-Benefits(EB) expected value and risk CAO_02237 Volatile bandit-Finite Horizon small, fixed number of trials CAO_02238 Volatile bandit-Infinite Horizon unknown number of trials CAO_02239 Multi-source interference task-neutral the position of the target digit is in the same position as the required hand response CAO_02240 Multi-source interference task-interference the position of the target digit is in the opposite position as the required hand response CAO_02241 Delayed intention task-task A The intention to perform task A is maintained during the delay CAO_02242 Delayed intention task-task B The intention to perform task B is maintained during the delay CAO_02243 Delayed intention task-delay intention An intention is maintained during the delay phase. CAO_02244 Delayed intention task-no delay intention No intention is maintained during the delay phase. CAO_02245 Doors and people test-Verbal recall Trial 3 The final round of immediate verbal recall CAO_02246 Doors and people test-Verbal recall delayed Verbal recall after a delay of 10-15 minutes CAO_02247 Doors and people test-Visual recall trial 3 The final round of immediate visual recall CAO_02248 Doors and people test-Visual recall delayed Visual recall after a delay of 10-15 minutes CAO_02249 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-reverse role active reverse role errors for active voice sentences CAO_02250 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-reverse role passive reverse role errors for passive voice sentences CAO_02251 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-lexical active lexical errors for active voice sentences CAO_02252 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-lexical passive lexical errors for passive voice sentences CAO_02253 Montreal cognitive assessment-Visuspatial / Executive Alternating Trail Making, cube copying and clock drawing CAO_02254 Montreal cognitive assessment-Naming Verbal naming of line drawings of three animals CAO_02255 Montreal cognitive assessment-Memory Memorisation of five spoken words (not scored) CAO_02256 Montreal cognitive assessment-Attention Forward and backward digit list repetition, vigilance (1-back) and serial 7s CAO_02257 Montreal cognitive assessment-Language Sentence repetition and letter fluency CAO_02258 Montreal cognitive assessment-Abstraction Category naming CAO_02259 Montreal cognitive assessment-Delayed recall Recall of the five words learned earlier CAO_02260 Montreal cognitive assessment-Orientation Date, month, year, day, place and city CAO_02261 Following commands-one-step command CAO_02262 Following commands-two-step command CAO_02263 Following commands-three-step command CAO_02264 Following commands-four-step command CAO_02265 Following commands-five-step command CAO_02266 Color-word stroop task-incongruent - congruent CAO_02267 Color-word stroop task-incongruent - neutral CAO_02268 Stop signal task-go trial CAO_02269 Stop signal task-stop trial CAO_02270 Stop signal task-stop signal reaction time CAO_02271 Go-no-go task-Go trials CAO_02272 Go-no-go task-Stop trial CAO_02273 Continuous performance task-Target CAO_02274 Continuous performance task-Nontarget CAO_02275 N-back task-1-back CAO_02276 N-back task-2-back CAO_02277 N-back task-3-back CAO_02278 N-back task-3-back minus 1-back CAO_02279 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-no delay CAO_02280 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-delay CAO_02281 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-delay minus no delay CAO_02282 Word-picture verification task-Matching CAO_02283 Word-picture verification task-Non-matching CAO_02284 Embedded figures test-Segmented blocks CAO_02285 Embedded figures test-Unsegmented blocks CAO_02286 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 1 CAO_02287 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 2 CAO_02288 Same-different task-Difficulty Level 3 CAO_02289 Wisconsin card sorting test-First category CAO_02290 Wisconsin card sorting test-Subsequent categories CAO_02291 Wisconsin card sorting test-Perseverative errors CAO_02292 Wisconsin card sorting test-Nonperseverative errors CAO_02293 Wisconsin card sorting test-Failure to maintain set CAO_02294 Wisconsin card sorting test-Total number of categories acheived CAO_02295 Block design test-Unsegmented blocks CAO_02296 Block design test-Segmented blocks CAO_02297 Chimeric animal stroop task-Congruent CAO_02298 Chimeric animal stroop task-Incongruent CAO_02299 Chimeric animal stroop task-Incongruent CAO_02300 Task-switching -Switch trial CAO_02301 Task-switching -Repeat trial CAO_02302 Task-switching -switch trial - repeat trial = switch cost CAO_02303 Lexical decision task-Words CAO_02304 Lexical decision task-Pseudowords CAO_02305 Lexical decision task-Consonant letter strings CAO_02306 Lexical decision task-Fixation CAO_02307 Lexical decision task-Words - Pseudowords CAO_02308 Lexical decision task-Words - Consonant letter strings CAO_02309 Lexical decision task-Words - Fixation CAO_02310 Stop signal task-successful stop trial CAO_02311 Stop signal task-unsuccessful stop trial CAO_02312 Ax-cpt task-d CAO_02313 Ax-cpt task-beta (response criterion) CAO_02314 Oculomotor delayed response-delay period distractor task CAO_02315 Oculomotor delayed response-sensory modality CAO_02316 Stop signal task-successful stop trial minus go trial CAO_02317 Mixed gambles task-parametric loss CAO_02318 Mixed gambles task-Loss aversion CAO_02319 Probabilistic classification task-probabilistic classification trials CAO_02320 Conditional stop signal task-stop-noncritical trial CAO_02321 Rhyme verification task-word minus baseline CAO_02322 Rhyme verification task-pseudoword minus baseline CAO_02323 Action imitation task-meaningful CAO_02324 Action imitation task-meaningless CAO_02325 Antisaccade-prosaccade task-antisaccade CAO_02326 Antisaccade-prosaccade task-prosaccade CAO_02327 Digit span task-forward CAO_02328 Digit span task-backward CAO_02329 Forward digit span task-subject groups CAO_02330 Behavioral rating inventory of executive function-Negativity Scale CAO_02331 Behavioral rating inventory of executive function-Inconsistency Scale CAO_02332 Benton facial recognition test-short form CAO_02333 Benton facial recognition test-long form CAO_02334 Birmingham object recognition battery-copying test CAO_02335 Birmingham object recognition battery-size match CAO_02336 Birmingham object recognition battery-length match CAO_02337 Birmingham object recognition battery-orientation match CAO_02338 Birmingham object recognition battery-position of gap match CAO_02339 Birmingham object recognition battery-overlapping figures test CAO_02340 Birmingham object recognition battery-object decision CAO_02341 Birmingham object recognition battery-minimal feature match CAO_02342 Birmingham object recognition battery-foreshortened match CAO_02343 Birmingham object recognition battery-drawing from memory test CAO_02344 Birmingham object recognition battery-picture naming CAO_02345 Block tapping test-percent correct (number of correct sequences/number of total sequences) CAO_02346 Boston naming test-percent correct (number of correct responses/number of total pictures) CAO_02347 Breath-holding-breath-holding index (mean blood flow velocity over time) CAO_02348 California verbal learning test-ii-immediate recall CAO_02349 California verbal learning test-ii-interference CAO_02350 California verbal learning test-ii-long recall CAO_02351 California verbal learning test-ii-recognition trial CAO_02352 Cambridge face memory test-same images CAO_02353 Cambridge face memory test-novel images CAO_02354 Cambridge face memory test-novel images with noise CAO_02355 Cambridge gambling task-probability of reward * magnitude of bet CAO_02356 Cambridge gambling task-ratio CAO_02357 Category fluency test-total correct responses for all categories CAO_02358 Choice reaction time task-stimulus CAO_02359 Choice reaction time task-non-stimulus CAO_02360 Choice reaction time task-right hand CAO_02361 Choice reaction time task-left hand CAO_02362 Rapid serial visual presentation task-response to first stimulus CAO_02363 Rapid serial visual presentation task-magnitude of response to second stimulus CAO_02364 Choice task between risky and non-risky options-risky option CAO_02365 Choice task between risky and non-risky options-non-risky option CAO_02366 Pavlovian conditioning task-conditional stimulus CAO_02367 Pavlovian conditioning task-unconditional response CAO_02368 Pavlovian conditioning task-conditional response CAO_02369 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-formulating sentences subtest CAO_02370 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-recalling sentences subtest CAO_02371 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-sentence structure subtest CAO_02372 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-concepts and directions subtest CAO_02373 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-word classes subtest CAO_02374 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-word structure subtest CAO_02375 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-standard deviation CAO_02376 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-semantic relationships subtest CAO_02377 Clinical evaluation of language fundamentals-3-sentence assembly subtest CAO_02378 Color-discrimination task-accuracy CAO_02379 Continuous recognition paradigm-number of false positives CAO_02380 Continuous recognition paradigm-number of false negatives (missed words) CAO_02381 Continuous recognition paradigm-number of correct identifications CAO_02382 Cued explicit recognition-hit rate (number of correct recognitions) CAO_02383 Cued explicit recognition-false alarm rate (number of incorrect recognitions) CAO_02384 Cued explicit recognition-miss rate (number of items subject failed to recognize) CAO_02385 Cups task-number or value of rewards times probability of reward CAO_02386 Cups task-money earned CAO_02387 Cups task-probability of highest reward CAO_02388 Deception task-hider CAO_02389 Deception task-guesser CAO_02390 Deception task-object occlusion and misinformation scores CAO_02391 Deception task-accuracy CAO_02392 Deductive reasoning task-valid CAO_02393 Deductive reasoning task-invalid CAO_02394 Delayed match to sample task-reaction time to correct stimuli CAO_02395 Delayed recall test-d CAO_02396 Devil's task-positive feedback CAO_02397 Devil's task-negative feedback CAO_02398 Digit-symbol coding test-immediate memory copy CAO_02399 Digit-symbol coding test-general memory copy CAO_02400 Digit-symbol coding test-digit/symbol coding - symbol copy CAO_02401 Divided auditory attention-response time and accuracy CAO_02402 Doors and people test-verbal recall (people test) CAO_02403 Doors and people test-visual recognition (doors test) CAO_02404 Doors and people test-visual recall (shapes test) CAO_02405 Doors and people test-verbal recognition (names test) CAO_02406 Drawing-overall similarity to intended picture CAO_02407 Chewing-swallowing-muscle control CAO_02408 Eating-drinking-amount consumed CAO_02409 Edinburgh handedness inventory-sum of strength scores x sum of items per hand CAO_02410 Encoding task-# items remembered with encoding task - number remembered without CAO_02411 Episodic recall-number of correct identifications CAO_02412 Eriksen flanker task-congruent correct CAO_02413 Eriksen flanker task-incongruent correct CAO_02414 Eriksen flanker task-incongruent response time minus congruent response time CAO_02415 Extradimensional shift task-average number of trials per pattern change CAO_02416 Face n-back task-emotion detection CAO_02417 Face n-back task-identity detection CAO_02418 Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence-score CAO_02419 Finger tapping task-% rhythm maintainance CAO_02420 Finger tapping task-tap speed CAO_02421 Finger tapping task-rhythm tap CAO_02422 Finger tapping task-time tap CAO_02423 Fixation task-fixation time below maximum degree of eye movement CAO_02424 Fixation task-degree of eye movement CAO_02425 Forward digit span task-length of longest correct sequence CAO_02426 Free word list recall-emotion manipulation versus control CAO_02427 Free word list recall-category list CAO_02428 Go-no-go task-stop minus go CAO_02429 Grasping task-response time CAO_02430 Grasping task-kinematics CAO_02431 Gray oral reading test - 4-sum of rate, accuracy, fluency, and comprehension scaled scores CAO_02432 Hooper visual organization test-accuracy CAO_02433 Imagined movement-real task time minus imagined task time CAO_02434 Imagined movement-real task areas of activation minus imagined task areas of activation CAO_02435 Imagined movement-real task effort minus imagined task effort CAO_02436 Imagined objects-scenes-real visual areas of activation minus imagined task areas of activation CAO_02437 Imagined objects-scenes-physical representation of imagined object CAO_02438 Immediate recall test-number or percentage of words remembered CAO_02439 Inductive reasoning aptitude-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02440 International affective picture system-arousal in response to picture minus baseline arousal CAO_02441 Intradimensional shift task-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02442 Extradimensional shift task-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02443 Iowa gambling task-response time for risky decks minus response time for advantageous decks CAO_02444 Iowa gambling task-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02445 Ishihara plates for color blindness-number of plates read correctly by controls with normal color vision minus number of plates read correctly by subject CAO_02446 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Transformation plates CAO_02447 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Vanishing plates CAO_02448 Ishihara plates for color blindness-Hidden Digits plates CAO_02449 Isometric force-MVC minus baseline CAO_02450 Kanizsa figures-reaction time to figures minus reaction time to Kanizsa figures CAO_02451 Kanizsa figures-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02452 Keep-track task-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02453 Letter fluency test -standard deviation from the mean population score in the language of the participant CAO_02454 Letter naming task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of age-matched controls CAO_02455 Letter number sequencing-longest correct sequence of controls minus longest correct sequence of subject CAO_02456 Listening span task-size of subject sentence set minus average size of sentence set of control subjects CAO_02457 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-subject score minus average normal score CAO_02458 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Contamination/Cleaning CAO_02459 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Checking CAO_02460 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Slowness CAO_02461 Maudsley obsessive compulsive inventory-Doubting CAO_02462 Mental rotation task-average male score minus average female score CAO_02463 Mental rotation task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02464 Microcog-subject score minus population-matched average score CAO_02465 Micturition task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02466 Mini mental state examination-participant score minus average score CAO_02467 Motor sequencing task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02468 Motor sequencing task-longest correct sequence of controls minus longest correct sequence of subject CAO_02469 Mixed gambles task-number of choices with greater chance of loss than gain minus number of choices with greater chance of gain than loss CAO_02470 Music comprehension-production-Comprehension CAO_02471 Music comprehension-production-Production CAO_02472 Music comprehension-production-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02473 Music comprehension-production-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02474 Nine-hole peg test-standard deviation from the mean score CAO_02475 Nine-hole peg test-time to complete task with non-dominant hand minus time to complete task with dominant hand CAO_02476 Non-painful electrical stimulation-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02477 Non-painful electrical stimulation-average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation CAO_02478 Non-painful electrical stimulation-rating of sensation minus baseline CAO_02479 Non-painful thermal stimulation-average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation CAO_02480 Non-painful thermal stimulation-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02481 Non-painful thermal stimulation-rating of sensation minus baseline CAO_02482 Object-discrimination task-d CAO_02483 Object-discrimination task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02484 Oddball task-ERP strength minus baseline CAO_02485 Oddball task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02486 Oddball task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02487 Olfactory monitoring-discrimination-average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant CAO_02488 Operation span task-operation span of participant minus average operation span of controls CAO_02489 Orthographic discrimination-average accuracy of controls minus accuracy of participant CAO_02490 Pain monitor-discrimination task-average rating of sensation minus subject rating of sensation CAO_02491 Pain monitor-discrimination task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02492 Pain monitor-discrimination task-subject rating during task minus subject baseline rating CAO_02493 Paired associate recall-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02494 Pantomime task-subject CAO_02495 Passive listening-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02496 Passive viewing-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02497 Phonological discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02498 Picture naming task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of age-matched controls CAO_02499 Pitch-monitor discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02500 Pointing-standard deviation of error CAO_02501 Posner cueing task-Uncued CAO_02502 Posner cueing task-Congruent Cue CAO_02503 Posner cueing task-Incongruent Cue CAO_02504 Posner cueing task-incongruent response time - congruent response time CAO_02505 Posner cueing task-congruent response time - uncued response time CAO_02506 Probabilistic classification task-proportion of correct responses across all trials minus proportion correct on early trials CAO_02507 Probabilistic classification task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02508 Probabilistic gambling task-gains minus losses CAO_02509 Probabilistic gambling task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02510 Pseudoword naming task-Word CAO_02511 Pseudoword naming task-Morphologically Decomposable Pseudowords CAO_02512 Pseudoword naming task-Morphologically Non-decomposable Pseudowords CAO_02513 Pseudoword naming task-Response time to morphologically non-decomposable pseudowords minus response time to morphologically decomposable psuedowords CAO_02514 Pseudoword naming task-response time to pseudowords minus response time to words CAO_02515 Pyramids and palm trees task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02516 Pyramids and palm trees task-accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (like matching) CAO_02517 Rapid automatized naming test-standard deviation from the mean time CAO_02518 Rapid serial object transformation-ERP strength minus baseline CAO_02519 Rapid serial object transformation-accuracy during task minus accuracy of some baseline test (e.g. only one pattern) CAO_02520 Rapid serial object transformation-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02521 Reading span task-reading span of participant minus average reading span of controls CAO_02522 Recognition memory test-d CAO_02523 Reversal learning task-standard deviation from the mean accuracy score CAO_02524 Reversal learning task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02525 Reversal learning task-gains minus losses CAO_02526 Rhyme verification task-pseudoword minus word CAO_02527 Risky gains task-frequency of selecting the safe choice (20) minus frequency of selecting risky choices (40 and 80) CAO_02528 Salthouse and babcock listening span task -listening span of participant minus average listening span CAO_02529 Salthouse and babcock listening span task -listening comprehension of participant minus average listening comprehension CAO_02530 Salthouse and babcock listening span task -listening span with comprehension questions minus listening span without CAO_02531 Salthouse and babcock listening span task -listening comprehension with listening span task minus listening comprehension without CAO_02532 Same-different task-Accuracy on level 3 minus accuracy on level 1 CAO_02533 Same-different task-Overall accuracy of participant minus average accuracy CAO_02534 Selective attention task-response time with competing stimuli minus response time with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli CAO_02535 Selective attention task-accuracy with a single stimuli or congruent stimuli minus accuracy with competing stimuli CAO_02536 Self ordered pointing task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02537 Semantic anomaly judgement task-Semantically correct CAO_02538 Semantic anomaly judgement task-Semantically anomalous CAO_02539 Semantic anomaly judgement task-d CAO_02540 Semantic anomaly judgement task-accuracy on semantically anomalous sentences minus accuracy on semantically correct sentences CAO_02541 Semantic association task-ERP for related stimuli minus ERP for unrelated stimuli CAO_02542 Semantic association task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02543 Semantic association task-Semantically associated items CAO_02544 Semantic association task-Semantically unrelated items CAO_02545 Sequence recall-learning-accuracy with learning minus accuracy without learning/practice CAO_02546 Sequence recall-learning-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02547 Set-shifting task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02548 Set-shifting task-perservative errors minus nonperservative errors CAO_02549 Simon task-congruent cue CAO_02550 Simon task-incongruent cue CAO_02551 Simon task-incongruent response time - congruent response time CAO_02552 Simon task-accuracy to congruent cues minus accuracy to incongruent cues CAO_02553 Simple reaction time task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02554 Simple reaction time task-reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls CAO_02555 Simple reaction time task-reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline CAO_02556 Source memory test-d CAO_02557 Source memory test-accuracy of recognition minus accuracy of source identification CAO_02558 Spatial n-back task-0-back CAO_02559 Spatial n-back task-1-back CAO_02560 Spatial n-back task-2-back CAO_02561 Spatial n-back task-3-back CAO_02562 Spatial n-back task-3-back minus 0-back CAO_02563 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-difference between scores at different times of administration CAO_02564 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-participant score minus average score CAO_02565 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-Trait Anxiety CAO_02566 Spielberger's state-trait anxiety questionnaire-State Anxiety CAO_02567 Sternberg delayed recognition task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02568 Sternberg delayed recognition task-accuracy of immediate recognition test minus accuracy of delayed test CAO_02569 Sternberg delayed recognition task-average response time CAO_02570 Stroop task-incongruent minus congruent CAO_02571 Structured clinical interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV)-the examiner CAO_02572 Subjective emotional picture discrimination-emotional rating to picture stimuli minus emotional rating to neutral baseline picture CAO_02573 Symbol-digit substitution-substitution speed minus copy speed CAO_02574 Symptom checklist-90-revised -standard deviation from the mean score CAO_02575 Syntactic acceptability judgement task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02576 Syntactic discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02577 Syntactic discrimination-Plausible Sentences CAO_02578 Syntactic discrimination-Implausible Snetences CAO_02579 Syntactic discrimination-response time to implausible sentences minus response time to plausible sentences CAO_02580 Tactile monitor-discrimination-response time to second stimulus minus response time to first stimulus CAO_02581 Tactile monitor-discrimination-precision of participant minus precision of controls CAO_02582 Temporal discounting task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02583 Temporal discounting task-standard deviation of k (discounting) CAO_02584 Test of word reading efficiency-standard deviation from the mean score CAO_02585 Theory of mind task-average score minus participant CAO_02586 Tobacco craving questionnaire-participant score minus average score of non-smoking controls CAO_02587 Tobacco craving questionnaire-average score of smoking controls minus participant score CAO_02588 Tone monitor-discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02589 Trail making test a and b-ANOVA of time by age group CAO_02590 Underlining test-Single Number CAO_02591 Underlining test-Single Geometric Form CAO_02592 Underlining test-Single Nonsense Letter CAO_02593 Underlining test-Gestalt Figure CAO_02594 Underlining test-Single Letter CAO_02595 Underlining test-Single Letter in Syllable Context CAO_02596 Underlining test-Two Letters CAO_02597 Underlining test-Sequence of Geometric Forms CAO_02598 Underlining test-Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Unpronounceable) CAO_02599 Underlining test-Four-Letter Nonsense Syllable (Pronounceable) CAO_02600 Underlining test-Four-Letter Word CAO_02601 Underlining test-Unspaced Four-Letter Word CAO_02602 Underlining test-Single Number (Second Time) CAO_02603 Underlining test-# correct minus # incorrect/30 or 60 seconds CAO_02604 Unified parkinson's disease rating scale-standard deviation from the mean score CAO_02605 Unified parkinson's disease rating scale-ANOVA of of score by disease timecourse CAO_02606 Vandenberg & kuse tasks-average time of men minus average time of women CAO_02607 Vandenberg & kuse tasks-participant CAO_02608 Vandenberg & kuse tasks-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02609 Vibrotactile monitor-discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02610 Visual alignment task -accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02611 Visual attention task-d CAO_02612 Visual attention task-reaction time after some manipulation minus reaction time at baseline CAO_02613 Visual attention task-path of eye movements CAO_02614 Visual pursuit-tracking-d CAO_02615 Visual pursuit-tracking-frequency of participant CAO_02616 Visual pursuit-tracking-path of eye movements CAO_02617 Visuospatial cueing task-Congruent Cue CAO_02618 Visuospatial cueing task-Incongruent Cue CAO_02619 Visuospatial cueing task-reaction time to incongruent cues minus reaction time to congruent cues CAO_02620 Warrington's face-word recognition test-RMW CAO_02621 Warrington's face-word recognition test-RMF CAO_02622 Warrington's face-word recognition test-RMW minus RMF CAO_02623 Warrington's face-word recognition test-participant score minus average score CAO_02624 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Matrix Reasoning CAO_02625 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Block Design CAO_02626 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Similarities CAO_02627 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-Vocabulary CAO_02628 Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence-participant IQ minus average IQ CAO_02629 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Information CAO_02630 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Digit Span CAO_02631 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Vocabulary CAO_02632 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Arithmetic CAO_02633 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Comprehension CAO_02634 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Similarities CAO_02635 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Picture Completion CAO_02636 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Picture Arrangement CAO_02637 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Block Design CAO_02638 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Digit Symbol CAO_02639 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Object Assembly CAO_02640 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-Verbal IQ minus Performance IQ CAO_02641 Wechsler adult intelligence scale - revised-participant IQ minus average IQ CAO_02642 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Vocabulary CAO_02643 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Information CAO_02644 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Logical Memory CAO_02645 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Verbal Paired Associates CAO_02646 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Designs CAO_02647 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Visual Reproduction CAO_02648 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Spatial Addition CAO_02649 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-Symbol Span CAO_02650 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-participant score minus average score CAO_02651 Wechsler memory scale fourth edition-immediate score minus delayed score CAO_02652 Whistling-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02653 Whistling-response time of subject minus response time of controls CAO_02654 Wisc-r mazes-participant score minus average score CAO_02655 Word attack-reading comprehension age minus real age CAO_02656 Word generation task-number of words divided by time CAO_02657 Word generation task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02658 Word generation task-ERP strength minus baseline CAO_02659 Word identification-perceptual identification CAO_02660 Word identification-lexical decision CAO_02661 Word identification-response time to known words minus (or learned words) response time to unknown words CAO_02662 Word identification-response time to pseudowords minus response time to words CAO_02663 Word identification-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02664 Word identification-latency identification CAO_02665 Word identification-primed identification CAO_02666 Word stem completion (covert)-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02667 Word stem completion (covert)-ERP strength minus baseline CAO_02668 Word stem completion (overt)-areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt CAO_02669 Word stem completion (overt)-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02670 Word stem completion (overt)-ERP strength minus baseline CAO_02671 Word-picture verification task-response time to non-matching minus response time to matching CAO_02672 Word-picture verification task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02673 Writing task-pressure exerted by participant minus average pressure CAO_02674 Writing task-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02675 Recitation-repetition (covert)-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02676 Recitation-repetition (overt)-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02677 Recitation-repetition (overt)-areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt CAO_02678 Positive and negative affect scale-standard deviation from the mean score CAO_02679 Positive and negative affect scale-Trait Affect CAO_02680 Positive and negative affect scale-State Affect CAO_02681 Spatial location-discrimination-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02682 Acupuncture task-pain at baseline minus pain during acupuncture CAO_02683 Acupuncture task-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02684 Audio-visual target detection task-accuracy without distractors minus accuracy with distractors CAO_02685 Audio-visual target detection task-reaction time of participant minus average reaction time of controls CAO_02686 Audio-visual target detection task-reaction time (to detect target) to one stimulus minus reaction time to paired stimuli CAO_02687 Braille reading task-Early Blind CAO_02688 Braille reading task-Late Blind CAO_02689 Braille reading task-areas of activation of early blind minus areas of activation of late blind CAO_02690 Braille reading task-areas of activation while reading words or sentences minus reading control dots CAO_02691 Chewing-swallowing-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02692 Flexion-extension-average degrees of movement minus participant degrees of movement CAO_02693 Matching pennies game -participant CAO_02694 Naming (covert)-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02695 Naming (overt)-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_02696 Naming (overt)-accuracy of participant minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02697 Non-choice task-response time to risky choices minus response time to non-risky choices CAO_02698 Non-choice task-number of participant CAO_02699 Hayling sentence completion test-converted A and B error score CAO_02700 Hayling sentence completion test-Initiation CAO_02701 Hayling sentence completion test-Inhibition CAO_02702 Hayling sentence completion test-Initiation minus Inhibition CAO_02703 Letter n-back task-0-back CAO_02704 Letter n-back task-1-back CAO_02705 Letter n-back task-2-back CAO_02706 Letter n-back task-3-back CAO_02707 Letter n-back task-3-back minus 0-back CAO_02708 Span-supra-span test-supra-span minus span CAO_02709 Action imitation task-immediate accuracy minus delayed accuracy CAO_02710 Action imitation task-accuracy for meaningful actions minus accuracy for meaningless actions CAO_02711 Action imitation task-standard deviation from the mean accuracy score CAO_02712 Action observation task-standard deviation from the mean accuracy score CAO_02713 Synchrony judgment task-cue onset asynchrony CAO_02714 Temporal order judgment task-cue onset asynchrony CAO_02715 Stroop task-incongruent minus neutral CAO_02716 Acupuncture task-active versus sham CAO_02717 Alternating runs paradigm-Switch minus No-Switch CAO_02718 Attention networks test-Cue minus no cue: attention orienting CAO_02719 Attention networks test-Spatial cue minus double cue: orienting efficiency CAO_02720 Attention networks test-Incongruent minus congruent: Conflict / Executive network efficiency CAO_02721 Heat stimulation-Baseline minus heat stimulation CAO_02722 Rubber hand illusion-Body ownership minus no body ownership CAO_02723 Mechanical stimulation-Noxious minus non-noxious stimulation CAO_02724 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT-1.0°C minus Baseline CAO_02725 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT-0.7°C minus Baseline CAO_02726 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT+0.7°C minus Baseline CAO_02727 Dual sensitization-Stimulation at PT+1.3°C minus Baseline CAO_02728 Thermal grill illusion-Cold pain vs. Baseline CAO_02729 Thermal grill illusion-Cool vs. Baseline CAO_02730 Thermal grill illusion-Thermal Grill vs. Baseline CAO_02731 Thermal grill illusion-Warm vs. Baseline CAO_02732 Thermal grill illusion-Heat pain vs. Baseline CAO_02733 Tonic pain stimulation-Pain versus No Pain CAO_02734 Phasic pain stimulation-Pain versus No Pain CAO_02735 Cold stimulation -Noxious Cold minus Innocuous Cool CAO_02736 Cold stimulation -Innocuous Cool minus Neutral CAO_02737 Electric stimulation-Painful versus Baseline CAO_02738 Electric stimulation-Non-Painful versus Baseline CAO_02739 Electric stimulation-Painful versus Non-Painful CAO_02740 Capsaicin-evoked pain-Capsaicin-Evoked Pain versus Rest CAO_02741 Heat sensitization-adaptation-Heat Stimulation versus Baseline CAO_02742 Cold pressor test-Cold Task versus Baseline CAO_02743 Cold pressor test-Pain Task versus Cold Task CAO_02744 Conditional stop signal task-successful stop minus go CAO_02745 Conditional stop signal task-failed stop-critical CAO_02746 Conditional stop signal task-failed stop-noncritical CAO_02747 Conditional stop signal task-junk CAO_02748 Deterministic classification-deterministic classification trials CAO_02749 Mixed event-related probe-blocks of both probabilistic classification trials and deterministic classification trials CAO_02750 Tone counting-tone counting trials CAO_02751 Dual-task weather prediction-dual task classification learning trials CAO_02752 Dual-task weather prediction-dual-task tone counting probe CAO_02753 Single-task weather prediction -single task classification learning trials CAO_02754 Classification probe without feedback-classification trials: probabilistic CAO_02755 Delayed recall test-number of correctly recalled items CAO_02756 Visual search task-reaction time CAO_02757 Target detection task-stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) CAO_02758 Auditory temporal discrimination task-Interstimulus Interval (ISI) CAO_02759 Uznadze haptic illusion task-same size-different size CAO_02760 Autobiographical memory task-CS-participant report disparity CAO_02761 Contextual cueing task-variable – invariant CAO_02762 Contextual cueing task-number of distractors CAO_02763 Color trails test-consistent - inconsistent CAO_02764 Color trails test-target - distractor CAO_02765 Cambridge risk task-reward amount CAO_02766 Cambridge risk task-reward probability CAO_02767 Cambridge risk task-reward probability-amount ratio CAO_02768 Bimanual coordination task-(out-of-phase) - (in-phase) CAO_02769 Episodic recall-number of correct identifications CAO_02770 Dichotic listening task-degree of association between unattended and attended CAO_02771 Immediate memory task-commission errors (false alarms) CAO_02772 Delayed memory task-commission errors (false alarms) CAO_02773 Immediate memory task-proportion of correct to incorrect responses CAO_02774 Delayed memory task-proportion of correct to incorrect responses CAO_02775 Spatial delayed response task-one cue versus two cues CAO_02776 Spatial delayed response task-short versus long CAO_02777 Digit cancellation task-distraction minus standard CAO_02778 Dot pattern expectancy task-valid versus invalid CAO_02779 Dual-task paradigm-dual minus control CAO_02780 Fitts task-target size CAO_02781 Fitts task-movement amplitude CAO_02782 Fitts task-peak velocity CAO_02783 Fitts task-target shape CAO_02784 Fitts task-target visibility CAO_02785 Fame judgment task-famous minus nonfamous CAO_02786 Living-nonliving task-level of processing (semantic versus phonemic or structural) CAO_02787 Morris water maze-presence versus absence of spatial cues CAO_02788 Negative priming task-experimental minus control CAO_02789 Nonword repetition task-nonword length (number of syllables) CAO_02790 Picture-word stroop test-incongruent minus congruent CAO_02791 Porteus maze test-mental age (difficulty) of maze CAO_02792 Probabilistic reversal learning task-final reversal errors minus correct responses CAO_02793 Probabilistic reversal learning task-other preceding reversal errors minus correct responses CAO_02794 Probabilistic reversal learning task-probabilistic errors minus correct responses CAO_02795 Probabilistic reversal learning task-final reversal errors minus other preceding reversal errors CAO_02796 Probabilistic reversal learning task-final reversal errors minus probabilistic errors CAO_02797 Prospective memory task-high importance versus low importance CAO_02798 Dot motion task-proportion of dots moving randomly CAO_02799 Scene recognition task-angular distance between test view and study view CAO_02800 Shadowing task-primed versus unprimed CAO_02801 Stockings of cambridge task-number of moves required to complete task CAO_02802 Sustained attention to response task-speed versus accuracy CAO_02803 Test of variables of attention-target infrequent omission CAO_02804 Test of variables of attention-target frequent commission CAO_02805 Analogical reasoning task-relational complexity CAO_02806 Artificial grammar learning task-amnesic versus control performance CAO_02807 Backward digit span task-sequence length CAO_02808 Backward masking-stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) CAO_02809 Biological motion task-d CAO_02810 Pavlovian conditioning task-unconditional stimulus CAO_02811 Complex span test-sequence length CAO_02812 Cambridge gambling task-decision making latency in ascending versus descending betting condition CAO_02813 Face matching task-localized brain activation in face matching versus other object matching CAO_02814 Global-local task-interfering versus non-interfering CAO_02815 Global-local task-identification of global feature versus identification of local feature CAO_02816 Intermodal preferential looking paradigm-d CAO_02817 Iowa gambling task- CAO_02818 Logical reasoning task-proportion of correct responses CAO_02819 Macarthur communicative development inventories-mean length of utterance (MLU) score CAO_02820 Macarthur communicative development inventories-frequency of overregularization CAO_02821 Macarthur communicative development inventories-usage of correct irregular word forms CAO_02822 Macarthur communicative development inventories-comprehension of common phrases CAO_02823 Macarthur communicative development inventories-comprehension of single words CAO_02824 Macarthur communicative development inventories-vocabulary production CAO_02825 Macarthur communicative development inventories-gesture production CAO_02826 Macarthur communicative development inventories-use of suffixes CAO_02827 Macarthur communicative development inventories-onset of combinatorial language CAO_02828 Matching familiar figures test-response time * accuracy compared to median CAO_02829 Meditation task-meditation versus control self-report of affect CAO_02830 Meditation task-general oscillatory synchrony CAO_02831 Meditation task-meditation versus control decrease in power of alpha oscillations CAO_02832 Meditation task-meditation versus control frontal midline theta activity CAO_02833 Meditation task-meditation versus control theta oscillations CAO_02834 Meditation task-meditation versus control galvanic skin response CAO_02835 Meditation task-meditation versus control alpha coherence CAO_02836 Delay conditioning-CS-US interval CAO_02837 Trace conditioning-trace interval duration CAO_02838 Pavlovian conditioning task-post-extinction response to CS CAO_02839 Pavlovian conditioning task-post-extinction response to US CAO_02840 Counterconditioning-reponse to US1 versus response to US2 CAO_02841 Operant task-punishment CAO_02842 Operant task-reinforcement CAO_02843 Operant task-behavior - consequence interval CAO_02844 Npu-threat test-P cue–no cue P CAO_02845 Npu-threat test-no cue U–no cue N CAO_02846 Numerosity estimation task-number of items to be counted (past subitizing threshold) CAO_02847 Numerosity estimation task-number of distractors CAO_02848 Numerosity estimation task-high minus low load conditions CAO_02849 Dot motion task-proportion of dots moving in a specific direction other than target CAO_02850 Ambiguous figure task-cumulative duration of exposure to stimulus CAO_02851 Ambiguous figure task-duration of stimulus presentation interval CAO_02852 Ambiguous figure task-cumulative duration of exposure to stimulus CAO_02853 Ambiguous figure task-contrast between stimuli CAO_02854 Ambiguous figure task-number of exposures to stimulus CAO_02855 Apparent verticality judgment-degree of head tilt (HT) CAO_02856 Apparent verticality judgment-degree of body tilt (BT) CAO_02857 Apparent verticality judgment-degree of trunk tilt (TT) CAO_02858 Apparent verticality judgment-HT - BT CAO_02859 Apparent verticality judgment-HT - TT CAO_02860 Contrast detection task-stimulus contrast CAO_02861 Contrast detection task-signal-to-noise ratio CAO_02862 Contrast detection task-eccentricity of distractor stimuli CAO_02863 Operant task-post-extinction duration CAO_02864 Hungry donkey task-response time for CAO_02865 Hungry donkey task-accuracy of subject minus average accuracy of controls CAO_02866 Hungry donkey task-number of CAO_02867 Target detection task-stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) CAO_02868 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT)-reaction time CAO_02869 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT)-omissions CAO_02870 Pebl perceptual vigilance task (PPVT)-commissions (false positives) CAO_02871 Partial report procedure-% correct recall CAO_02872 Implicit association task-response time to incongruent vs. response time to congruent CAO_02873 Implicit association task-self-report vs. task report CAO_02874 Nih toolbox words-in noise test-correct CAO_02875 Nih toolbox words-in noise test-incorrect CAO_02876 Nih toolbox picture vocabulary test-theta score CAO_02877 Nih toolbox dimensional change card sort test-correct CAO_02878 Nih toolbox dimensional change card sort test-incorrect CAO_02879 Nih toolbox picture sequence memory test-number of adjacent pairs correct CAO_02880 Nih toolbox list sorting working memory test-number of items correctly recalled CAO_02881 Nih toolbox list sorting working memory test-number of incorrect dimension assignments CAO_02882 Pattern comparison task-number correct CAO_02883 Nih toolbox oral reading recognition test-correct pronunciation CAO_02884 Nih toolbox oral reading recognition test-identification CAO_02885 Rey auditory verbal learning task-# of words recalled CAO_02886 Nih toolbox oral symbol digit test-number correct CAO_02887 Nih toolbox 9-hole pegboard dexterity test-time to complete CAO_02888 Nih toolbox grip strength test-pounds or kilograms of force CAO_02889 Nih toolbox standing balance test-postural sway CAO_02890 Nih toolbox standing balance test-normalized path length CAO_02891 Nih toolbox 4-meter walk gait speed test -number of seconds to walk 4m CAO_02892 Nih toolbox 2-minute walk endurance test-distance walked CAO_02893 Nih toolbox hearing threshold test-hearing threshold (the level below which the subject cannot hear tones) CAO_02894 Nih toolbox hearing handicap inventory-self-report score CAO_02895 Nih toolbox taste intensity test-generalized labeled magnitude scale (gLMS) CAO_02896 Nih toolbox visual acuity test-minimum visible size CAO_02897 Nih toolbox vision-related quality of life survey-survey IRT score CAO_02898 Nih toolbox dynamic visual acuity test-minimum size visible while still minus while in motion CAO_02899 Nih toolbox dynamic visual acuity test-minimum size visible while in motion CAO_02900 Nih toolbox dynamic visual acuity test-minimum size visible while still CAO_02901 Nih toolbox odor identification test-number correct CAO_02902 Nih toolbox positive affect survey-total score CAO_02903 Nih toolbox general life satisfaction survey-total score CAO_02904 Articulatory suppression task-suppression - control (articulatory suppression effect) CAO_02905 Nih toolbox meaning and purpose survey-total score CAO_02906 Motor screening task-success CAO_02907 Big-little circle-shift-related incorrect responses CAO_02908 Spatial recognition memory-number correct CAO_02909 Spatial recognition memory-false positives CAO_02910 Emotion recognition task-percent correct CAO_02911 Visual analogue scales-question-by-question analysis CAO_02912 Information sampling task-mean number of boxes opened CAO_02913 Information sampling task-probability of the participant CAO_02914 Verbal working memory task-number correct CAO_02915 Graded naming test-number correct CAO_02916 Attention switching task-number correct CAO_02917 Attention switching task-shift-related incorrect responses CAO_02918 One touch stockings of cambridge-number of moves required to complete task CAO_02919 One touch stockings of cambridge-number of problems solved on first choice CAO_02920 Reaction time-response latency CAO_02921 Reaction time-movement time CAO_02922 Rapid visual information processing-false positives CAO_02923 Rapid visual information processing-number correct CAO_02924 Match to sample visual search-number correct CAO_02925 Match to sample visual search-false positives CAO_02926 Spatial span test-span length CAO_02927 Spatial span test-false positives CAO_02928 Spatial working memory task-percent correct CAO_02929 Spatial working memory task-false positives CAO_02930 Penn conditional exclusion test-percent correct CAO_02931 Penn word memory test-number correct CAO_02932 Penn word memory test-number of correct rejections CAO_02933 Penn word memory test-false positives CAO_02934 Penn face memory test-number correct CAO_02935 Penn face memory test-number of correct rejections CAO_02936 Penn face memory test-false positives CAO_02937 Visual object learning test -number correct CAO_02938 Visual object learning test -number of correct rejections CAO_02939 Visual object learning test -false positives CAO_02940 Wais-information-percent correct CAO_02941 Wais digit span-number correct forward CAO_02942 Wais digit span-number correct backward CAO_02943 Wais digit span-number in correct order CAO_02944 Wais vocabulary-percent correct CAO_02945 Wais arithmetic-number correct CAO_02946 Wais picture completion-correct identifications CAO_02947 Change detection task-false positives CAO_02948 Change detection task-number correct CAO_02949 Ax-dpx-d CAO_02950 Ax-dpx-beta (response criterion) CAO_02951 Mixed gambles task-difference from indifference CAO_02952 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-mirror minus plain CAO_02953 Mixed gambles task-parametric gain CAO_02954 Stop signal task with letter naming-Successful Stop trial - Go trial CAO_02955 Stop signal task with letter naming-Stop Signal Reaction Time CAO_02956 Stop signal task with letter naming-Successful Stop Trial CAO_02957 Stop signal task with letter naming-Unsuccessful stop trial CAO_02958 Stop signal task with letter naming-Go trial CAO_02959 Stop signal task with letter naming-Stop trial CAO_02960 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-go trial CAO_02961 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-stop trial CAO_02962 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-successful stop trial CAO_02963 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-unsuccessful stop trial CAO_02964 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-successful stop trial minus go trial CAO_02965 Stop signal task with pseudo word naming-stop signal reaction time CAO_02966 Reversal weather prediction-classification learning trials CAO_02967 Autism spectrum quotient-total score CAO_02968 Autism spectrum quotient-social skill CAO_02969 Autism spectrum quotient-attention switching CAO_02970 Autism spectrum quotient-attention to detail CAO_02971 Autism spectrum quotient-communication CAO_02972 Autism spectrum quotient-imagination CAO_02973 Autism diagnostic observation schedule-communication total CAO_02974 Autism diagnostic observation schedule-play total CAO_02975 Autism diagnostic observation schedule-social interaction total CAO_02976 Autism diagnostic observation schedule-communication + social interaction total CAO_02977 Autism diagnostic observation schedule-stereotyped behaviors and restricted interests Total CAO_02978 Piaget's water jar task-Average difference in degrees from correct answer CAO_02979 Social responsiveness scale-social awareness CAO_02980 Social responsiveness scale-total score CAO_02981 Social responsiveness scale-social cognition CAO_02982 Social responsiveness scale-autistic mannerisms CAO_02983 Social responsiveness scale-social communication CAO_02984 Social responsiveness scale-social motivation CAO_02985 Children's memory scale-visual delayed CAO_02986 Children's memory scale-verbal immediate CAO_02987 Children's memory scale-verbal delayed CAO_02988 Children's memory scale-general memory CAO_02989 Children's memory scale-attention/concentration CAO_02990 Children's memory scale-learning CAO_02991 Children's memory scale-delayed recognition CAO_02992 Children's memory scale-visual immediate CAO_02993 Social communication questionnaire-total score CAO_02994 Social communication questionnaire-reciprical social interaction CAO_02995 Social communication questionnaire-communication CAO_02996 Social communication questionnaire-restrictive and repetitive behavior CAO_02997 Aberrant behavior checklist - community-Irritability/Agitation CAO_02998 Aberrant behavior checklist - community-Lethargy/Social Withdrawal CAO_02999 Aberrant behavior checklist - community-Stereotypic Behavior CAO_03000 Aberrant behavior checklist - community-Hyperactivity/Noncompliance CAO_03001 Aberrant behavior checklist - community-Inappropriate Speech CAO_03002 Adult behavior checklist-Externalizing CAO_03003 Adult behavior checklist-Internalizing CAO_03004 Adolescent symptom inventory-ADHD Inattentive - Severity Score CAO_03005 Adolescent symptom inventory-ADHD Combined - Severity Score CAO_03006 Adolescent symptom inventory-ADHD Hyperactivity / Impulsivity - Severity Score CAO_03007 Adolescent symptom inventory-Conduct Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03008 Adolescent symptom inventory-Antisocial Personality - Severity Score CAO_03009 Adolescent symptom inventory-General Anxiety Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03010 Adolescent symptom inventory-Opposition Defiant Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03011 Adolescent symptom inventory-Specific Phobia - Severity Score CAO_03012 Adolescent symptom inventory-Panic Attack - Severity Score CAO_03013 Adolescent symptom inventory-Obsessions - Severity Score CAO_03014 Adolescent symptom inventory-Compulsions - Severity Score CAO_03015 Adolescent symptom inventory-PTSD - Severity Score CAO_03016 Adolescent symptom inventory-Motor Tics - Severity Score CAO_03017 Adolescent symptom inventory-Vocal Tics - Severity Score CAO_03018 Adolescent symptom inventory-Somatization Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03019 Adolescent symptom inventory-Social Phobia - Severity Score CAO_03020 Adolescent symptom inventory-Separation Anxiety - Severity Score CAO_03021 Adolescent symptom inventory-Schizoid Personality - Severity Score CAO_03022 Adolescent symptom inventory-Schizophrenia - Severity Score CAO_03023 Adolescent symptom inventory-Nocturnal Enuresis - Severity Score CAO_03024 Adolescent symptom inventory-Major Depressive Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03025 Adolescent symptom inventory-Enuresis, Encopresis - Severity Score CAO_03026 Adolescent symptom inventory-Dysthymic Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03027 Adolescent symptom inventory-Anorexia Nervosa - Severity Score CAO_03028 Adolescent symptom inventory-Bipolar Disorder - Severity Score CAO_03029 Adolescent symptom inventory-Bulimia Nervosa - Severity Score CAO_03030 Broad autism phenotype questionnaire-aloof personality CAO_03031 Broad autism phenotype questionnaire-rigid personality CAO_03032 Broad autism phenotype questionnaire-pragmatic language CAO_03033 Battelle developmental inventory-total score CAO_03034 Beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration-visual perception score CAO_03035 Beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration-motor coordination score CAO_03036 Big five questionnaire-energy/extraversion CAO_03037 Big five questionnaire-conscientiousness CAO_03038 Big five questionnaire-emotional instability CAO_03039 Big five questionnaire-agreeableness CAO_03040 Big five questionnaire-intellect/openness CAO_03041 Broader phenotype autism symptom scale-social interest CAO_03042 Broader phenotype autism symptom scale-expressiveness CAO_03043 Broader phenotype autism symptom scale-restricted interests CAO_03044 Broader phenotype autism symptom scale-conversational skill CAO_03045 Brief symptom inventory-anxiety CAO_03046 Brief symptom inventory-hostility CAO_03047 Brief symptom inventory-depression CAO_03048 Brief symptom inventory-somatization CAO_03049 Brief symptom inventory-interpersonal sensitivity CAO_03050 Brief symptom inventory-psychosis CAO_03051 Brief symptom inventory-paranoid CAO_03052 Brief symptom inventory-obsessive compulsive CAO_03053 Brief symptom inventory-phobia CAO_03054 Child behavior checklist-emotionally reactive CAO_03055 Child behavior checklist-anxious depressed CAO_03056 Child behavior checklist-somatic complaints CAO_03057 Child behavior checklist-withdrawn CAO_03058 Child behavior checklist-sleep problems CAO_03059 Child behavior checklist-attention problems CAO_03060 Child behavior checklist-aggressive behavior CAO_03061 Child behavior checklist-internalizing problems CAO_03062 Child behavior checklist-externalizing problems CAO_03063 Child behavior checklist-affective problems CAO_03064 Child behavior checklist-anxiety problems CAO_03065 Child behavior checklist-pervasive developmental score CAO_03066 Child behavior checklist-attention deficit hyperactivity CAO_03067 Child behavior checklist-social problems CAO_03068 Child behavior checklist-thought problems CAO_03069 Child behavior checklist-obsessive compulsive problems CAO_03070 Child behavior checklist-post traumatic stress problems CAO_03071 Child behavior checklist-conduct problems CAO_03072 Child behavior checklist-oppositional defiant problems CAO_03073 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-attention scale CAO_03074 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-persistence CAO_03075 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-interest involvement CAO_03076 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-initiation of activities CAO_03077 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-joint attention CAO_03078 Conners comprehensive behavior rating scales-affect CAO_03079 Children's communication checklist-language structure CAO_03080 Children's communication checklist-pragmatic skills CAO_03081 Children's communication checklist-social engagement CAO_03082 Children's communication checklist-speech CAO_03083 Children's communication checklist-general communication composite CAO_03084 Children's communication checklist-syntax CAO_03085 Children's communication checklist-semantics CAO_03086 Children's communication checklist-coherence CAO_03087 Children's communication checklist-initiation CAO_03088 Children's communication checklist-context CAO_03089 Children's communication checklist-scripted language CAO_03090 Children's communication checklist-interests CAO_03091 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-sleep CAO_03092 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-appetite CAO_03093 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-sadness CAO_03094 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-thinking / concentration CAO_03095 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-lack of interest CAO_03096 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-guilt CAO_03097 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-tired / fatigue CAO_03098 Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale-suicidal ideation CAO_03099 Social competence questionnaire-total score CAO_03100 Conners 3rd edition-inattention score CAO_03101 Conners 3rd edition-hyperactivity score CAO_03102 Conners 3rd edition-learning problems CAO_03103 Conners 3rd edition-executive functioning CAO_03104 Conners 3rd edition-aggression CAO_03105 Conners 3rd edition-peer relations CAO_03106 Children's psychiatric rating scale-oppositional CAO_03107 Children's psychiatric rating scale-cognitive problems CAO_03108 Children's psychiatric rating scale-hyperactivity CAO_03109 Children's psychiatric rating scale-anxious CAO_03110 Children's psychiatric rating scale-perfectionism CAO_03111 Children's psychiatric rating scale-psychosomatic CAO_03112 Children's psychiatric rating scale-social CAO_03113 Children's psychiatric rating scale-restlessness CAO_03114 Children's psychiatric rating scale-emotional CAO_03115 Children's psychiatric rating scale-impulsivity CAO_03116 Children's psychiatric rating scale-inattention CAO_03117 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-age of first word (months) CAO_03118 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-age of first phrases (months) CAO_03119 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-infant babbling CAO_03120 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-hearing concerns CAO_03121 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-echolalia CAO_03122 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-eating CAO_03123 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-gait CAO_03124 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-overactivity CAO_03125 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-self injury CAO_03126 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-sleep problems CAO_03127 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-tantrums CAO_03128 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-abnormal or negative response to sensory stimuli CAO_03129 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-compulsions and rituals CAO_03130 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-difficulty with minor change CAO_03131 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-hand and finger mannerisms CAO_03132 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-unusual attachment to objects CAO_03133 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-unusual sensory interests CAO_03134 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-noise sensitivity CAO_03135 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-head shaking CAO_03136 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-imaginative play CAO_03137 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-level of language CAO_03138 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-imitation CAO_03139 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-social verbalization CAO_03140 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-direct gaze CAO_03141 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-facial expression CAO_03142 Autism diagnostic interview - revised-smiling CAO_03143 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-nonword repetition CAO_03144 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-phonological memory CAO_03145 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-memory for digits CAO_03146 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-blending words CAO_03147 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-rapid digit naming CAO_03148 Comprehensive test of phonological processing-rapid letter naming CAO_03149 Children's yale-brown obsessive compulsive scale-total score CAO_03150 Expressive vocabulary test-total score CAO_03151 Expressive one word-picture vocabulary test-total score CAO_03152 Leiter international performance scale-classification CAO_03153 Leiter international performance scale-sequential order CAO_03154 Leiter international performance scale-repeated patterns CAO_03155 Leiter international performance scale-design analogies CAO_03156 Leiter international performance scale-reasoning CAO_03157 Leiter international performance scale-memory CAO_03158 Leiter international performance scale-visualization CAO_03159 Leiter international performance scale-forward memory span CAO_03160 Leiter international performance scale-backward memory span CAO_03161 Leiter international performance scale-immediate recognition CAO_03162 Leiter international performance scale-delayed recognition CAO_03163 Leiter international performance scale-associative memory CAO_03164 Leiter international performance scale-associative delayed memory CAO_03165 Leiter international performance scale-spatial memory CAO_03166 Leiter international performance scale-visual coding CAO_03167 Leiter international performance scale-sustained attention CAO_03168 Leiter international performance scale-divided attention CAO_03169 Leiter international performance scale-figure rotation CAO_03170 Mullen scales of early learning-gross motor CAO_03171 Mullen scales of early learning-visual reception CAO_03172 Mullen scales of early learning-fine motor CAO_03173 Mullen scales of early learning-expressive language CAO_03174 Mullen scales of early learning-receptive language CAO_03175 Pdd behavior inventory-aggressiveness CAO_03176 Pdd behavior inventory-arousal CAO_03177 Pdd behavior inventory-phonological skills CAO_03178 Pdd behavior inventory-semantic/pragmatic competence CAO_03179 Pdd behavior inventory-specific fears CAO_03180 Pdd behavior inventory-learning, memory, and receptive language CAO_03181 Pdd behavior inventory-ritualisms CAO_03182 Pdd behavior inventory-sensory total CAO_03183 Pdd behavior inventory-semantic/pragmatic problems CAO_03184 Pdd behavior inventory-social approach CAO_03185 Pdd behavior inventory-total score CAO_03186 Preschool language scale-total score CAO_03187 Preschool language scale-auditory comprehension CAO_03188 Preschool language scale-expressive communication CAO_03189 Peabody picture vocabulary test-total score CAO_03190 Reynell developmental language scales-verbal comprehension CAO_03191 Reynell developmental language scales-expressive language CAO_03192 Sensory profile-modulation of endurance and tone CAO_03193 Sensory profile-auditory processing CAO_03194 Sensory profile-modulation of movement CAO_03195 Sensory profile-visual processing CAO_03196 Sensory profile-vestibular processing CAO_03197 Sensory profile-multi-sensory processing CAO_03198 Sensory profile-modulation of body position and movement CAO_03199 Sensory profile-modulation of movement affecting activity level CAO_03200 Sensory profile-modulation of sensory input affecting emotional responses CAO_03201 Sensory profile-modulation of visual input CAO_03202 Sensory profile-emotional and social responses CAO_03203 Sensory profile-behavioral outcomes of sensory processing CAO_03204 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-total score CAO_03205 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-vocabulary CAO_03206 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-comprehension CAO_03207 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-pattern analysis CAO_03208 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-quantitative CAO_03209 Stanford-binet intelligence scales-memory for sentences CAO_03210 Test of early language development-receptive language CAO_03211 Test of early language development-expressive language CAO_03212 Test of early language development-total score CAO_03213 Test of adolescent and adult language-spoken language CAO_03214 Test of adolescent and adult language-written language CAO_03215 Test of adolescent and adult language-general language CAO_03216 Test of language development-picture vocabulary CAO_03217 Test of language development-sentence combining CAO_03218 Test of language development-word ordering CAO_03219 Test of language development-relational vocabulary CAO_03220 Test of language development-morphological compensation CAO_03221 Test of language development-multiple meanings CAO_03222 Test of language development-total score CAO_03223 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-expressive communication CAO_03224 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-receptive communication CAO_03225 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-daily living - personal CAO_03226 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-written communication CAO_03227 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-daily living - domestic CAO_03228 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-daily living - community CAO_03229 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-maladaptive behavior CAO_03230 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-interpersonal relationships CAO_03231 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-play and leisure time CAO_03232 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-coping skills CAO_03233 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-gross motor CAO_03234 Vineland adaptive behavior scales-fine motor CAO_03235 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-gaze shifts CAO_03236 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-positive affect CAO_03237 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-emotion and eye gaze CAO_03238 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-communication CAO_03239 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-behavioral regulation CAO_03240 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-social interaction CAO_03241 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-joint attention CAO_03242 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-gestures CAO_03243 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-words CAO_03244 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-sounds CAO_03245 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-understanding CAO_03246 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-social composite CAO_03247 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-speech composite CAO_03248 Communication and symbolic behavior scales development profile-symbolic composite CAO_03249 Differential ability scales-copying CAO_03250 Differential ability scales-early number concepts CAO_03251 Differential ability scales-matching letter-like forms CAO_03252 Differential ability scales-matrices CAO_03253 Differential ability scales-naming vocabulary CAO_03254 Differential ability scales-pattern construction CAO_03255 Differential ability scales-phonological processing CAO_03256 Differential ability scales-picture similarities CAO_03257 Differential ability scales-rapid naming CAO_03258 Differential ability scales-recall of designs CAO_03259 Differential ability scales-recall of digits CAO_03260 Differential ability scales-recall of objects CAO_03261 Differential ability scales-recall of sequential order CAO_03262 Differential ability scales-recognition of pictures CAO_03263 Differential ability scales-sequential and quantitative reasoning CAO_03264 Differential ability scales-verbal similarities CAO_03265 Differential ability scales-speed of information processing CAO_03266 Differential ability scales-verbal comprehension CAO_03267 Differential ability scales-word definitions CAO_03268 Conners 3rd edition-oppositional CAO_03269 Conners 3rd edition-perfectionism CAO_03270 Conners 3rd edition-social cognition CAO_03271 Conners 3rd edition-cognitive problems CAO_03272 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-activity level / energy CAO_03273 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-attentional focusing CAO_03274 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-attentional shifting CAO_03275 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-cuddliness CAO_03276 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-discomfort CAO_03277 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-fear CAO_03278 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-frustration CAO_03279 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-high intensity pleasure CAO_03280 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-impulsivity CAO_03281 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-inhibitory control CAO_03282 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-low intensity pleasure CAO_03283 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-motor activation CAO_03284 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-perceptual sensitivity CAO_03285 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-positive anticipation CAO_03286 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-sadness CAO_03287 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-shyness CAO_03288 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-soothability CAO_03289 Early childhood behavioral questionnaire-sociability CAO_03290 Early development interview (EDI)-communication CAO_03291 Early development interview (EDI)-repetitive behavior CAO_03292 Early development interview (EDI)-regulatory behavior CAO_03293 Early development interview (EDI)-social CAO_03294 Early development interview (EDI)-sensory CAO_03295 Early development interview (EDI)-tone CAO_03296 Early development interview (EDI)-stressful event CAO_03297 Early social and communication scales-percent of time responded to joint attention CAO_03298 Halstead-reitan battery-mean grip strength CAO_03299 Halstead-reitan battery-grooved peg total time CAO_03300 Conners 3rd edition-anxiety CAO_03301 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO social orient percent correct CAO_03302 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO nonsocial orient percent correct CAO_03303 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO joint attention percent correct CAO_03304 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO social orient percent incorrect CAO_03305 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO nonsocial orient percent incorrect CAO_03306 Joint attention - social and nonsocial orienting task-JO joint attention percent incorrect CAO_03307 Kaufman brief intelligence test-riddles CAO_03308 Kaufman brief intelligence test-matrices CAO_03309 Kaufman brief intelligence test-verbal CAO_03310 Kaufman brief intelligence test-nonverbal CAO_03311 Kaufman brief intelligence test-IQ CAO_03312 Loneliness rating scale-total score CAO_03313 Stop signal task-successful stop trial minus failed stop trial CAO_03314 Attention networks test-Alerting: no cue minus double cue CAO_03315 Attention networks test-Central cue minus Spatial cue: Orienting / Shifting network efficiency CAO_03316 Overt word repetition-areas of activation during task minus baseline CAO_03317 Overt word repetition-areas of activation during covert minus areas of activation during overt CAO_03318 Overt word repetition-Repetition minus baseline CAO_03319 Covert verb generation task-Generation minus baseline CAO_03320 Stroop task-incongruent minus congruent depending on the congruency condicition of the previous trial CAO_03321 Eriksen flanker task-incongruent minus congruent correct CAO_03322 Rest eyes closed-rest eyes closed CAO_03323 Rest eyes open-rest eyes open CAO_03324 Tone counting-tone counting probe CAO_03325 Single-task weather prediction -single task probe CAO_03326 Classification probe without feedback-classification trials: deterministic CAO_03327 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Faces (0-back faces + 2-back faces) CAO_03328 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Places (0-back places + 2-back places) CAO_03329 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Tools (0-back tools + 2-back tools) CAO_03330 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Body (0-back body + 2-back body) CAO_03331 Manipulation of isi-Inter Stimulus Interval CAO_03332 Manipulation of isi-Color CAO_03333 Spatial cuing paradigm-eye movement reaction time CAO_03334 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Faces CAO_03335 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Shapes CAO_03336 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Faces minus Shapes CAO_03337 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Faces CAO_03338 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Shapes CAO_03339 Emotion processing fmri task paradigm-Shapes minus Faces CAO_03340 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Random Interaction CAO_03341 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Mental Interaction CAO_03342 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Random Interaction minus Mental Interaction CAO_03343 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Negative Random Interaction CAO_03344 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Negative Mental Interaction CAO_03345 Social cognition (theory of mind) fMRI task paradigm-Mental Interaction minus Random Interaction CAO_03346 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Matching CAO_03347 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Relational Processing CAO_03348 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Matching - Relational Processing CAO_03349 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Relational Processing minus Matching CAO_03350 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Matching CAO_03351 Relational processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Relational Processing CAO_03352 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Math CAO_03353 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Story CAO_03354 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Math minus Story CAO_03355 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Story minus Math CAO_03356 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Math CAO_03357 Language processing fmri task paradigm-Negative Story CAO_03358 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Punish CAO_03359 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Reward CAO_03360 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Punish minus Reward CAO_03361 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Negative Punish CAO_03362 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Negative Reward CAO_03363 Gambling fmri task paradigm-Reward minus Punish CAO_03364 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back Body CAO_03365 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back Face CAO_03366 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back Place CAO_03367 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back Tool CAO_03368 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back Body CAO_03369 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back Face CAO_03370 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back Place CAO_03371 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back Tool CAO_03372 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back CAO_03373 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back CAO_03374 Working memory fmri task paradigm-2-back minus 0-back CAO_03375 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative 2-back CAO_03376 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative 0-back CAO_03377 Working memory fmri task paradigm-0-back minus 2-back CAO_03378 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Body minus Average CAO_03379 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Face minus Average CAO_03380 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Place minus Average CAO_03381 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Tool minus Average CAO_03382 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative Body CAO_03383 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative Face CAO_03384 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative Place CAO_03385 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Negative Tool CAO_03386 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Average minus Body CAO_03387 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Average minus Face CAO_03388 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Average minus Place CAO_03389 Working memory fmri task paradigm-Average minus Tool CAO_03390 Motor fmri task paradigm-Cue CAO_03391 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left Foot CAO_03392 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left Hand CAO_03393 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right Foot CAO_03394 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right Hand CAO_03395 Motor fmri task paradigm-Tongue CAO_03396 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average CAO_03397 Motor fmri task paradigm-Cue minus Average CAO_03398 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left Foot minus Average CAO_03399 Motor fmri task paradigm-Left Hand minus Average CAO_03400 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right Foot minus Average CAO_03401 Motor fmri task paradigm-Right Hand minus Average CAO_03402 Motor fmri task paradigm-Tongue minus Average CAO_03403 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Cue CAO_03404 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Left Foot CAO_03405 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Left Hand CAO_03406 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Right Foot CAO_03407 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Right Hand CAO_03408 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Tongue CAO_03409 Motor fmri task paradigm-Negative Average CAO_03410 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Cue CAO_03411 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Left Foot CAO_03412 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Left Hand CAO_03413 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Right Foot CAO_03414 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Right Hand CAO_03415 Motor fmri task paradigm-Average minus Tongue CAO_03416 Conditional stop signal task-go-critical minus go-noncritical CAO_03417 Conditional stop signal task-unsuccessful stop minus successful stop CAO_03418 Conditional stop signal task-go-noncritical CAO_03419 Conditional stop signal task-successful stop-critical CAO_03420 Conditional stop signal task-go-critical CAO_03421 Conditional stop signal task-all CAO_03422 Stop signal task-failed stop CAO_03423 Stop signal task-junk CAO_03424 Stop signal task-all CAO_03425 Stop signal task-unsuccessful minus successful CAO_03426 Deterministic classification-feedback CAO_03427 Probabilistic classification task-feedback CAO_03428 Word one-back task-words minus consonants CAO_03429 Word one-back task-words CAO_03430 Word one-back task-scrambled objects CAO_03431 Word one-back task-objects minus scrambled CAO_03432 Word one-back task-objects CAO_03433 Word one-back task-consonant strings CAO_03434 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control minus pumps average CAO_03435 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash parametric CAO_03436 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control parametric minus pumps parametric CAO_03437 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash average real reaction time CAO_03438 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps average CAO_03439 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps average real reaction time CAO_03440 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-cash average CAO_03441 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control real reaction time minus pumps real reaction time CAO_03442 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-control pumps parametric CAO_03443 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps real reaction time minus control real reaction time CAO_03444 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps average CAO_03445 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps parametric CAO_03446 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps parametric minus control parametric CAO_03447 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-explode average CAO_03448 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps average real reaction time CAO_03449 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pumps average minus control average CAO_03450 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-english minus abstract-repeat CAO_03451 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-english minus concrete-novel CAO_03452 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-abstract minus concrete CAO_03453 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-spanish minus abstract-repeat CAO_03454 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-spanish minus abstract-repeat CAO_03455 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-english minus concrete-novel CAO_03456 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-english minus concrete-repeat CAO_03457 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-spanish minus concrete-novel CAO_03458 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-spanish minus concrete-novel CAO_03459 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-english minus concrete-repeat CAO_03460 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-spanish minus abstract-novel CAO_03461 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-english minus abstract-repeat CAO_03462 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-spanish minus concrete-repeat CAO_03463 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-spanish minus abstract-novel CAO_03464 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-all CAO_03465 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-spanish-english minus abstract-novel CAO_03466 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-novel minus repeat CAO_03467 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-spanish minus concrete-repeat CAO_03468 Abstract-concrete judgment: bilingual-english-english minus abstract-novel CAO_03469 Classification probe without feedback-junk single-task items CAO_03470 Classification probe without feedback-junk dual-task items CAO_03471 Probabilistic classification task-positive feedback CAO_03472 Probabilistic classification task-negative feedback CAO_03473 Probabilistic classification task-positive minus negative feedback CAO_03474 False belief task-false picture question CAO_03475 False belief task-false belief question minus false picture question CAO_03476 False belief task-false picture story CAO_03477 False belief task-false belief story CAO_03478 False belief task-all CAO_03479 False belief task-false belief story minus false picture story CAO_03480 False belief task-false belief minus false picture CAO_03481 False belief task-false belief question CAO_03482 Eriksen flanker task-incorrect minus correct CAO_03483 Eriksen flanker task-incorrect minus correct incongruent CAO_03484 Incidental encoding task-invalidly minus validly cued objects CAO_03485 Incidental encoding task-cue minus fixation CAO_03486 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-switch minus nonswitch mirror only CAO_03487 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-plain-repeat CAO_03488 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-junk CAO_03489 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-mirror-repeat nonswitch CAO_03490 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-mirror-reversal minus plain-text CAO_03491 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-switch minus nonswitch plain only CAO_03492 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-switch minus nonswitch CAO_03493 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-plain-switch CAO_03494 Living-nonliving judgment on mirror-reversed and plain-text words-mirror-repeat switch CAO_03495 Landmark task-no response (task) CAO_03496 Landmark task-correct response (task) CAO_03497 Landmark task-correct or incorrect response (control) CAO_03498 Tapping task-lips CAO_03499 Tapping task-finger CAO_03500 Tapping task-foot CAO_03501 Temporal discounting task-easy trials all CAO_03502 Temporal discounting task-easy parametric CAO_03503 Temporal discounting task-hard trials all CAO_03504 Temporal discounting task-hard parametric CAO_03505 Temporal discounting task-junk CAO_03506 Temporal discounting task-all CAO_03507 Temporal discounting task-hard all minus easy all CAO_03508 Emotional regulation task-attend negative stimulus CAO_03509 Emotional regulation task-attend neutral stimulus CAO_03510 Emotional regulation task-reappraise negative rating CAO_03511 Emotional regulation task-reappraise negative stimulus minus attend negative stimulus CAO_03512 Simon task-incorrect minus correct (incongruent) CAO_03513 Simon task-incongruent correct CAO_03514 Simon task-incorrect minus correct CAO_03515 Simon task-incongruent minus congruent (correct) CAO_03516 Simon task-congruent correct CAO_03517 Simon task-incongruent minus congruent CAO_03518 Simon task-congruent incorrect CAO_03519 Simon task-incongruent incorrect CAO_03520 Probabilistic classification task-all CAO_03521 Rhyme verification task-word minus pseudoword CAO_03522 Rhyme verification task-all CAO_03523 Object one-back task-scrambled CAO_03524 Object one-back task-face minus house CAO_03525 Object one-back task-house minus scrambled CAO_03526 Object one-back task-chair CAO_03527 Object one-back task-cat CAO_03528 Object one-back task-scissors CAO_03529 Object one-back task-face CAO_03530 Object one-back task-shoe CAO_03531 Object one-back task-bottle CAO_03532 Object one-back task-face minus scrambled CAO_03533 Object one-back task-house minus face CAO_03534 Object one-back task-all CAO_03535 Object one-back task-chair minus scrambled CAO_03536 Object one-back task-house CAO_03537 Oddball task-auditory oddball stimulus presentation CAO_03538 Oddball task-auditory standard stimulus presentation CAO_03539 Oddball task-behavioral response time following auditory oddball stimulus onset CAO_03540 Oddball task-auditory all CAO_03541 Oddball task-auditory oddball CAO_03542 Oddball task-auditory reaction time CAO_03543 Oddball task-auditory standard CAO_03544 Oddball task-auditory targets minus standards CAO_03545 Oddball task-visual oddball stimulus presentation CAO_03546 Oddball task-visual standard stimulus presentation CAO_03547 Oddball task-behavioral response time following visual oddball stimulus onset CAO_03548 Oddball task-visual all CAO_03549 Oddball task-visual targets minus standards CAO_03550 Predictive-inference helicopter task-change point probability CAO_03551 Predictive-inference helicopter task-relative uncertainty CAO_03552 Predictive-inference helicopter task-reward value CAO_03553 Predictive-inference helicopter task-residual update CAO_03554 Contextual semantic priming task-congruent CAO_03555 Contextual semantic priming task-incongruent CAO_03556 Contextual semantic priming task-scrambled CAO_03557 Contextual semantic priming task-letter string CAO_03558 Cue approach task-high-value go choice at probe CAO_03559 Cue approach task-high-value go minus nogo at probe CAO_03560 Functional localizer fmri tasks-horizontal checkerboard CAO_03561 Functional localizer fmri tasks-vertical checkerboard CAO_03562 Functional localizer fmri tasks-right audio click CAO_03563 Functional localizer fmri tasks-left audio click CAO_03564 Functional localizer fmri tasks-right video click CAO_03565 Functional localizer fmri tasks-left video click CAO_03566 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio computation CAO_03567 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video computation CAO_03568 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video sentences CAO_03569 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio sentences CAO_03570 Functional localizer fmri tasks-left click CAO_03571 Functional localizer fmri tasks-right click CAO_03572 Functional localizer fmri tasks-checkerboard CAO_03573 Functional localizer fmri tasks-motor CAO_03574 Functional localizer fmri tasks-computation CAO_03575 Functional localizer fmri tasks-sentences CAO_03576 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio CAO_03577 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video CAO_03578 Functional localizer fmri tasks-horizontal checkerboard minus vertical checkerboard CAO_03579 Functional localizer fmri tasks-vertical checkerboard minus horizontal checkerboard CAO_03580 Functional localizer fmri tasks-left click minus right click CAO_03581 Functional localizer fmri tasks-right click minus left click CAO_03582 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video minus audio CAO_03583 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio minus video CAO_03584 Functional localizer fmri tasks-motor minus cognitive CAO_03585 Functional localizer fmri tasks-cognitive minus motor CAO_03586 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio computation minus audio sentences CAO_03587 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video computation minus video sentences CAO_03588 Functional localizer fmri tasks-computation minus sentences CAO_03589 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video minus checkerboard CAO_03590 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video sentences minus checkerboard CAO_03591 Functional localizer fmri tasks-audio click minus audio sentences CAO_03592 Functional localizer fmri tasks-video click minus video sentences CAO_03593 Functional localizer fmri tasks-effects of interest without time derivative CAO_03594 Social bargaining fmri task-expectation violation (mean expected offer minus actual offer) CAO_03595 Multi-attribute reward-guided decision task-[(chosen minus best unchosen) on irrelevant attribute] MINUS [(chosen minus best unchosen) on relevant attribute], at time of decision. CAO_03596 Multi-attribute reward-guided decision task-attribute prediction error CAO_03597 Multi-attribute reward-guided decision task-reward prediction error CAO_03598 Multi-attribute reward-guided decision task-Contrast [(chosen minus best unchosen) on irrelevant attribute] PLUS [(chosen minus best unchosen) on relevant attribute], at time of decision CAO_03599 Social judgment of faces task-age judgment CAO_03600 Social judgment of faces task-attractiveness judgment CAO_03601 Social judgment of faces task-trustworthiness judgment CAO_03602 Social judgment of faces task-happiness judgment CAO_03603 Social judgment of faces task-left motor response CAO_03604 Social judgment of faces task-right motor response CAO_03605 Perceptual discrimination task-perception CAO_03606 Associative memory encoding task-remembered minus forgotten CAO_03607 Associative memory encoding task-remembered plus forgotten minus null events CAO_03608 Social influence for food preferences task-viewing unhealthy foods minus viewing healthy foods during feedback trials CAO_03609 Social influence for food preferences task-receiving feedback that peers disagreed minus peers agreed during feedback trials [peers higher + peers lower > 2*peers agree] CAO_03610 Social influence for food preferences task-receiving feedback that peers agreed minus peers disagreed during feedback trials [2*peers agree > peers higher + peers lower] CAO_03611 Dot motion task-parametric acquired bias CAO_03612 Dot motion task-parametric context based action reward error CAO_03613 Consensus decision-making task-main experiment CAO_03614 Consensus decision-making task-main experiment minus control experiment CAO_03615 Consensus decision-making task-control experiment CAO_03616 Why-how task-why minus how CAO_03617 Why-how task-belief minus photo CAO_03618 Why-how task-[why minus how] minus [belief minus photo] (interaction) CAO_03619 Stop signal walking task with stroop-go trial CAO_03620 Stop signal walking task with stroop-stop trial CAO_03621 Stop signal walking task with stroop-stop signal reaction time CAO_03622 Stop signal walking task with stroop-successful stop trial CAO_03623 Stop signal walking task with stroop-unsuccessful stop trial CAO_03624 Stop signal walking task with stroop-successful stop trial minus go trial CAO_03625 Stop signal walking task with stroop-successful stop trial minus failed stop trial CAO_03626 Stop signal walking task with stroop-failed stop CAO_03627 Stop signal walking task with stroop-junk CAO_03628 Stop signal walking task with stroop-all CAO_03629 Stop signal walking task with stroop-unsuccessful minus successful CAO_03630 Bistable percept paradigm-viewing monostable image minus global mean CAO_03631 Bistable percept paradigm-viewing bistable image minus global mean CAO_03632 Bistable percept paradigm-pattern seen during bistable images minus pattern seen during monostable image CAO_03633 Complex trait judgment task-age judgment CAO_03634 Complex trait judgment task-happiness judgment CAO_03635 Complex trait judgment task-trustworthiness judgment CAO_03636 Complex trait judgment task-left motor response CAO_03637 Complex trait judgment task-right motor response CAO_03638 Why-how task-why face minus how face CAO_03639 Why-how task-why hand minus how hand CAO_03640 Why-how task-why nonsocial minus how nonsocial CAO_03641 Why-how task-[why face minus how nonsocial] minus [why nonsocial minus how face] CAO_03642 Why-how task-[why hand minus how nonsocial] minus [why nonsocial minus how hand] CAO_03643 Contextual semantic priming task-scrambled minus letter string CAO_03644 Contextual semantic priming task-congruent minus scrambled CAO_03645 Contextual semantic priming task-incongruent minus congruent CAO_03646 Contextual semantic priming task-incongruent minus scrambled CAO_03647 Consensus decision-making task-main plus control experiment CAO_03648 Balloon analogue risk task (BART)-pre-cash trials minus pre-pump trials matched for risk level CAO_03649 Cue approach task-go last scan training run CAO_03650 Cue approach task-nogo last scan training run CAO_03651 Color-word stroop with task switching-stroop inference versus color naming CAO_03652 Pittsburgh sleep quality index-total score CAO_03653 Dual-task paradigm-dual task RT minus single task RT CAO_03654 Distraction paradigm (capture)-distracted RT minus non-distracted RT CAO_03655 Target detection task-percent detected CAO_03656 Object recognition task-percent correct CAO_03657 Object perception task-percent correct CAO_03658 Object perception task-percent detected CAO_03659 Coherent motion-percent correct CAO_03660 Coherent motion-response time CAO_03661 Parallel-serial search-response time to identify target CAO_03662 Novelty detection task-percent correct CAO_03663 Same-different task-percent correct CAO_03664 Same-different task-response time CAO_03665 Categorization task-percent correct CAO_03666 Regularity and change detection-percent correct CAO_03667 Oddball task-percent correct CAO_03668 Sternberg item recognition task-percent correct CAO_03669 N-back task-percent correct CAO_03670 N-back task-percent commission error CAO_03671 Change detection task-percent correct CAO_03672 Delayed match to sample task-percent correct CAO_03673 Paired associate learning-percent correct CAO_03674 Paired associate learning-response time CAO_03675 Delayed recall test-percent intrusions CAO_03676 Delayed nonmatch to sample task-percent correct CAO_03677 Semantic classification task-percent correct CAO_03678 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms-blunt affect CAO_03679 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms-alogia CAO_03680 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms-avolition CAO_03681 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms-anhedonia CAO_03682 Scale for the assessment of negative symptoms-attention CAO_03683 Hamilton psychiatric rating scale for depression-total score CAO_03684 Young mania rating scale-total score CAO_03685 Adult adhd clinical diagnostic scale-attention CAO_03686 Adult adhd clinical diagnostic scale-hyperactivity CAO_03687 Adult adhd clinical diagnostic scale-total severity CAO_03688 Brief psychiatric rating scale-mania CAO_03689 Brief psychiatric rating scale-negative CAO_03690 Brief psychiatric rating scale-positive CAO_03691 Brief psychiatric rating scale-depanx CAO_03692 Adult adhd self-report scale-total score CAO_03693 Hopkins symptom checklist-anxiety CAO_03694 Hopkins symptom checklist-depression CAO_03695 Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms-inappropriate affect CAO_03696 Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms-hallucinations CAO_03697 Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms-delusions CAO_03698 Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms-bizarre behavior CAO_03699 Single item food choice task-HE vs LE food choice periods CAO_03700 Two item food choice task-Choice periods of NSC versus SC trials CAO_03701 Mixed gambles task-task minus baseline CAO_03702 Object one-back task-target 1-back minus 0-back CAO_03703 Eating-drinking-food choice periods of high energy trials versus food choice periods of low energy trials CAO_03704 Incentive modulated antisaccade task-reward antisaccade CAO_03705 Incentive modulated antisaccade task-neutral antisaccade CAO_03706 Incentive modulated antisaccade task-reward antisaccade minus neutral antisaccade CAO_03707 Regulated heat stimulation-regulate up CAO_03708 Regulated heat stimulation-regulate down CAO_03709 Regulated heat stimulation-regulate up minus regulate down CAO_03710 Roving somatosensory oddball task-deviant minus standard CAO_03711 Roving somatosensory oddball task-high minus low condition CAO_03712 Roving somatosensory oddball task-deviance by intensity interaction CAO_03713 Emotional regulation task-attend negative minus attend neutral stimulus CAO_03714 Delayed intention task-task A vs. task B CAO_03715 Delayed intention task-delayed inention vs. no delayed intention CAO_03716 Doors and people test-verbal forgetting (trial 3 - delayed) CAO_03717 Doors and people test-visual forgetting (trial 3 - delayed) CAO_03718 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-reverse role minus lexical CAO_03719 Birkbeck reversible sentence comprehension test-reverse role passive minus reverse role active CAO_03720 Montreal cognitive assessment-Total score CAO_03721 Word recognition task-number of errors CAO_03722 Following commands-highest level of command correctly performed CAO_03723 Ideational praxis task-number of steps completed correctly CAO_03724 Clock drawing task-number of features correctly drawn CAO_03725 Copying task-similarity of copy to original CAO_03726 Orientation test-number of items correct CAO_03727 Nart-predicted premorbid IQ CAO_03728 Nart-total errors CAO_03729 Nart-r-predicted premorbid IQ CAO_03730 Nart-r-total errors CAO_03731 Amnart-predicted premorbid IQ CAO_03732 Amnart-total errors cogpo:COGPO_00049 Behavioral Experimental Paradigm cogpo:COGPO_00109 Behavioral Experimental Paradigm Condition cogpo:COGPO_00300 Cognitive Task Blood Component A derivable component of whole blood. C-reactive protein Displays several functions associated with host defense: it promotes agglutination, bacterial capsular swelling, phagocytosis and complement fixation through its calcium-dependent binding to phosphorylcholine. Can interact with DNA and histones and may scavenge nuclear material released from damaged circulating cells. Histidine-rich protein PFHRP-II Leptin Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways. rdf:List rdf:Property rdf:Statement rdfs:Datatype owl:Class owl:ObjectProperty owl:Thing skos:Collection Collection A meaningful collection of concepts. Labelled collections can be used where you would like a set of concepts to be displayed under a 'node label' in the hierarchy. skos:Concept Concept An idea or notion; a unit of thought. skos:ConceptScheme Concept Scheme A set of concepts, optionally including statements about semantic relationships between those concepts. Thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading lists, taxonomies, 'folksonomies', and other types of controlled vocabulary are all examples of concept schemes. Concept schemes are also embedded in glossaries and terminologies. A concept scheme may be defined to include concepts from different sources. skos:OrderedCollection Ordered Collection An ordered collection of concepts, where both the grouping and the ordering are meaningful. Ordered collections can be used where you would like a set of concepts to be displayed in a specific order, and optionally under a 'node label'. sh:ConstraintComponent The class of constraint components. Constraint component sh:JSConstraint The class of constraints backed by a JavaScript function. JavaScript-based constraint sh:JSExecutable Abstract base class of resources that declare an executable JavaScript. JavaScript executable sh:JSFunction The class of SHACL functions that execute a JavaScript function when called. JavaScript function sh:JSLibrary Represents a JavaScript library, typically identified by one or more URLs of files to include. JavaScript library sh:JSRule The class of SHACL rules expressed using JavaScript. JavaScript rule sh:JSTarget The class of targets that are based on JavaScript functions. JavaScript target sh:JSTargetType The (meta) class for parameterizable targets that are based on JavaScript functions. JavaScript target type sh:JSValidator A SHACL validator based on JavaScript. This can be used to declare SHACL constraint components that perform JavaScript-based validation when used. JavaScript validator sh:Parameter The class of parameter declarations, consisting of a path predicate and (possibly) information about allowed value type, cardinality and other characteristics. Parameter sh:PropertyGroup Instances of this class represent groups of property shapes that belong together. Property group sh:PropertyShape A property shape is a shape that specifies constraints on the values of a focus node for a given property or path. Property shape sh:ResultAnnotation A class of result annotations, which define the rules to derive the values of a given annotation property as extra values for a validation result. Result annotation sh:SPARQLAskExecutable The class of SPARQL executables that are based on an ASK query. SPARQL ASK executable sh:SPARQLAskValidator The class of validators based on SPARQL ASK queries. The queries are evaluated for each value node and are supposed to return true if the given node conforms. SPARQL ASK validator sh:SPARQLConstraint The class of constraints based on SPARQL SELECT queries. SPARQL constraint sh:SPARQLConstructExecutable The class of SPARQL executables that are based on a CONSTRUCT query. SPARQL CONSTRUCT executable sh:SPARQLFunction A function backed by a SPARQL query - either ASK or SELECT. SPARQL function sh:SPARQLRule The class of SHACL rules based on SPARQL CONSTRUCT queries. SPARQL CONSTRUCT rule sh:SPARQLSelectExecutable The class of SPARQL executables based on a SELECT query. SPARQL SELECT executable sh:SPARQLSelectValidator The class of validators based on SPARQL SELECT queries. The queries are evaluated for each focus node and are supposed to produce bindings for all focus nodes that do not conform. SPARQL SELECT validator sh:SPARQLTarget The class of targets that are based on SPARQL queries. SPARQL target sh:SPARQLTargetType The (meta) class for parameterizable targets that are based on SPARQL queries. SPARQL target type sh:SPARQLUpdateExecutable The class of SPARQL executables based on a SPARQL UPDATE. SPARQL UPDATE executable sh:TripleRule A rule based on triple (subject, predicate, object) pattern. sh:ValidationReport The class of SHACL validation reports. Validation report sh:ValidationResult The class of validation results. Validation result http://purl.org/dc/terms/ dcterms http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# xsd http://datashapes.org/dash# dash http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl# owl http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# skos http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# rdfs http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns# rdf DASH is a SHACL library for frequently needed features and design patterns. The constraint components in this library are 100% standards compliant and will work on any engine that fully supports SHACL. DASH Data Shapes Vocabulary true A reusable instance of dash:AllObjectsTarget. All objects SELECT DISTINCT ?this WHERE { ?anyS ?anyP ?this . } A reusable instance of dash:AllSubjectsTarget. All subjects SELECT DISTINCT ?this WHERE { ?this ?anyP ?anyO . } An auto-complete field to enter the label of instances of a class. This is the fallback editor for any URI resource if no other editors are more suitable. Auto-complete editor A Viewer for blank nodes, rendering as the label of the blank node. Blank node viewer An editor for boolean literals, rendering as a select box with values true and false. Also displays the current value (such as "1"^^xsd:boolean), but only allows to switch to true or false. Boolean select editor A constraint component that can be used to declare that focus nodes are "closed" based on their rdf:types, meaning that focus nodes may only have values for the properties that are explicitly enumerated via sh:property/sh:path in property constraints at their rdf:types and the superclasses of those. This assumes that the type classes are also shapes. Closed by types constraint component SELECT $this (?predicate AS ?path) ?value WHERE { FILTER ($closedByTypes) . $this ?predicate ?value . FILTER (?predicate != rdf:type) . FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this rdf:type ?type . ?type rdfs:subClassOf* ?class . GRAPH $shapesGraph { ?class sh:property/sh:path ?predicate . } } } Property {?path} is not among those permitted for any of the types 1 True to indicate that the focus nodes are closed by their types. A constraint violation is reported for each property value of the focus node where the property is not among those that are explicitly declared via sh:property/sh:path in any of the rdf:types of the focus node (and their superclasses). The property rdf:type is always permitted. true A constraint component that can be used to express a constraint on property shapes so that if the property path has any value then the given property must also have a value, and vice versa. Co-exists-with constraint component Values must co-exist with values of {$coExistsWith} SELECT $this WHERE { { FILTER (EXISTS { $this $PATH ?any } && NOT EXISTS { $this $coExistsWith ?any }) } UNION { FILTER (NOT EXISTS { $this $PATH ?any } && EXISTS { $this $coExistsWith ?any }) } } The properties that must co-exist with the surrounding property (path). If the surrounding property path has any value then the given property must also have a value, and vice versa. co-exists with Can be used to attach sh:severity and sh:messages to individual constraints using reification. Constraint reification shape true messages 1 severity An editor for xsd:date literals, offering a calendar-like date picker. Date picker editor An editor for xsd:dateTime literals, offering a calendar-like date picker and a time selector. Date time picker editor Depiction properties provide images representing the focus nodes. Typical examples may be a photo of an animal or the map of a country. Depiction Features that have been marked deprecated will remain in the API but should no longer be used by new code and may get deleted in the foreseeable future (e.g., with the next major release). deprecated Description properties should produce text literals that may be used as an introduction/summary of what a focus node does. Description An editor for non-literal values, typically displaying a nested form where the values of the linked resource can be edited directly on the "parent" form. Implementations that do not support this (yet) could fall back to an auto-complete widget. Details editor A Viewer for resources that shows the details of the value using its default view shape as a nested form-like display. Details viewer true A drop-down editor for enumerated values (typically based on sh:in lists). Enum select editor Features that are marked experimental can be used by early adopters but there is no guarantee that they will reach stable state. experimental A Viewer for HTML encoded text from rdf:HTML literals, rendering as parsed HTML DOM elements. Also displays the language if the HTML has a lang attribute on its root DOM element. HTML viewer A constraint component that can be used to express a constraint on property shapes so that one of the values of the property path must be a member of a given list of nodes. Has value in constraint component At least one of the values must be in {$hasValueIn} SELECT $this WHERE { FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this $PATH ?value . GRAPH $shapesGraph { $hasValueIn rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?value . } } } At least one of the value nodes must be a member of the given list. has value in SELECT DISTINCT ?this WHERE { ?this $predicate $object . } The predicate property. predicate The value that is expected to be present. object A constraint component that can be used to express a constraint on property shapes so that one of the values of the property path must be an instance of a given class. Has value with class constraint component At least one of the values must be an instance of class {$hasValueWithClass} SELECT $this WHERE { FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this $PATH ?value . ?value a ?type . ?type rdfs:subClassOf* $hasValueWithClass . } } One of the values of the property path must be an instance of the given class. has value with class A Viewer for literals, rendering as a hyperlink to a URL. For literals it assumes the lexical form is the URL. This is often used as default viewer for xsd:anyURI literals. Unsupported for blank nodes. Hyperlink viewer ID properties are short strings or other literals that identify the focus node among siblings. Examples may include social security numbers. ID Icon properties produce images that are typically small and almost square-shaped, and that may be displayed in the upper left corner of a focus node's display. Values should be xsd:string or xsd:anyURI literals or IRI nodes pointing at URLs. Those URLs should ideally be vector graphics such as .svg files. Instances of the same class often have the same icon, and this icon may be computed using a sh:values rule or as sh:defaultValue. If the value is a relative URL then those should be resolved against the server that delivered the surrounding page. Icon A Viewer for URI values that are recognized as images by a browser, rendering as an image. Image viewer A constraint component that can be used to mark property shapes to be indexed, meaning that each of its value nodes must carry a dash:index from 0 to N. Indexed constraint component 1 True to activate indexing for this property. indexed A multi-viewer that renders all values horizontally, in a more compact form that just a single value per row. Inline viewer A drop-down editor for all instances of the target class (based on sh:class of the property). Instances select editor A tabular viewer for rdf:JSON literals with a lexical form in the following format: { vars: [ 'col1', 'col2' ], // These are the column keys headerLabels: [ 'Column 1', 'Column 2' ], // Optional, for the column headers bindings: [ // These become the rows { col1: { lex: 'Value2', datatype: '...#string', }, col2: { uri: 'http://.../Instance', label: 'Example Instance', }, }, ... ], } The resulting table will use the headerLabels (if they exist) as column headers, otherwise derive the headers from the variable names. The vars must match the fields in the bindings. The table will contain one row for each binding. Using Active Data Shapes, you can construct such literals dynamically using a sh:values rule, e.g. ex:MyClass-myProperty a sh:PropertyShape ; sh:path ex:myProperty ; sh:values [ dash:js """ DataViewers.createTableViewerJSON(focusNode.select(` SELECT ?col1 ?col2 WHERE { $this ex:prop1 ?col1 . $this ex:prop2 ?col2 . } `))""" ] . You may also produce the JSON literal programmatically in JavaScript, or assert the triples by other means. JSON table viewer The Key info role may be assigned to properties that are likely of special interest to a reader, so that they should appear whenever a summary of a focus node is shown. Key info Properties with this role produce strings that may serve as display label for the focus nodes. Labels should be either plain string literals or strings with a language tag. The values should also be single-line. Label A Viewer for URI resources, rendering as a hyperlink to that URI based on the display label of the resource. Also includes other ways of interacting with the URI such as opening a nested summary display. Label viewer A Viewer for literals with a language tag, rendering as the text plus a language indicator. LangString viewer Defines constraints on what it means for a node to be a node within a well-formed RDF list. Note that this does not check whether the rdf:rest items are also well-formed lists as this would lead to unsupported recursion. List node shape Defines constraints on what it means for a node to be a well-formed RDF list. The focus node must either be rdf:nil or not recursive. Furthermore, this shape uses dash:ListNodeShape as a "helper" to walk through all members of the whole list (including itself). List shape Each list member (including this node) must be have the shape dash:ListNodeShape. A simple viewer for literals, rendering the lexical form of the value. Literal viewer An "editor" that simply informs the user that the values cannot be edited here, but for example through source code editing. No suitable editor A viewer for SHACL Node Expressions. Node expression viewer Used to state that a property or path must not point back to itself. Non-recursive constraint component Points back at itself (recursively) SELECT DISTINCT $this ($this AS ?value) WHERE { { FILTER (?nonRecursive) } $this $PATH $this . } 1 Used to state that a property or path must not point back to itself. For example, "a person cannot have itself as parent" can be expressed by setting dash:nonRecursive=true for a given sh:path. To express that a person cannot have itself among any of its (recursive) parents, use a sh:path with the + operator such as ex:parent+. non-recursive A Shape that is no node can conform to. None A constraint component that can be used to verify that all value nodes conform to the given Parameter. Parameter constraint component true Enforces a constraint that the given property (sh:path) serves as primary key for all resources in the target of the shape. If a property has been declared to be the primary key then each resource must have exactly one value for that property. Furthermore, the URIs of those resources must start with a given string (dash:uriStart), followed by the URL-encoded primary key value. For example if dash:uriStart is "http://example.org/country-" and the primary key for an instance is "de" then the URI must be "http://example.org/country-de". Finally, as a result of the URI policy, there can not be any other resource with the same value under the same primary key policy. Primary key constraint component The property {?predicate} is the primary key and URIs start with {?uriStart} Violation of primary key constraint SELECT DISTINCT $this WHERE { FILTER ( # Must have a value for the primary key NOT EXISTS { ?this $PATH ?any } || # Must have no more than one value for the primary key EXISTS { ?this $PATH ?value1 . ?this $PATH ?value2 . FILTER (?value1 != ?value2) . } || # The value of the primary key must align with the derived URI EXISTS { { ?this $PATH ?value . FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?this $PATH ?value2 . FILTER (?value != ?value2) } } BIND (CONCAT($uriStart, ENCODE_FOR_URI(str(?value))) AS ?uri) . FILTER (str(?this) != ?uri) . } ) } 1 The start of the URIs of well-formed resources. If specified then the associated property/path serves as "primary key" for all target nodes (instances). All such target nodes need to have a URI that starts with the given string, followed by the URI-encoded value of the primary key property. URI start An editor for properties that are either defined as instances of rdf:Property or used as IRI values of sh:path. The component uses auto-complete to find these properties by their rdfs:labels or sh:names. Property auto-complete editor A viewer for properties that renders a hyperlink using the display label or sh:name, allowing users to either navigate to the rdf:Property resource or the property shape definition. Should be used in conjunction with PropertyAutoCompleteEditor. Property label viewer Reifiable-by constraint component Reifiable by {$reifiableBy} 1 Can be used to specify the node shape that may be applied to reified statements produced by a property shape. The property shape must have a URI resource as its sh:path. The values of this property must be node shapes. User interfaces can use this information to determine which properties to present to users when reified statements are explored or edited. Also, SHACL validators can use it to determine how to validate reified triples. Use dash:None to indicate that no reification should be permitted. reifiable by true A rich text editor to enter the lexical value of a literal and a drop down to select language. The selected language is stored in the HTML lang attribute of the root node in the HTML DOM tree. Rich text editor A constraint component defining the parameter dash:rootClass, which restricts the values to be either the root class itself or one of its subclasses. This is typically used in conjunction with properties that have rdfs:Class as their type. Root class constraint component Root class {$rootClass} Value must be subclass of {$rootClass} The root class. root class Script API Generation Rules Defines the properties that instruct the ADS Script API generator about what prefixes, constants and classes to generate. Script API 0 The API generator will produce classes for each value of this property and all its subclasses and superclasses. generate class 15 If a prefix (such as "edg") is listed here then the API generator will produce classes for all RDFS classes or node shapes from the associated namespace. generate prefix classes 10 If a prefix (such as "edg") is listed here then the API generator will produce constants for class, datatype, shape and property names. generate prefix constants Script constraint component The Script constraint(s) to apply. script constraint true true A constraint component that can be used to declare that all values that are literals must have a lexical form that contains no line breaks ('\n' or '\r'). User interfaces may use the dash:singleLine flag to prefer a text field over a (multi-line) text area. Single line constraint component Must not contain line breaks. ASK { FILTER (!$singleLine || !isLiteral($value) || (!contains(str($value), '\n') && !contains(str($value), '\r'))) } 1 True to state that the lexical form of literal value nodes must not contain any line breaks. False to state that line breaks are explicitly permitted. single line Features that have been marked stable are deemed of good quality and can be used until marked deprecated. stable true A constraint component that can be used to verify that every value node is an IRI and the IRI starts with a given string value. Stem constraint component Value needs to have stem {$stem} Value does not have stem {$stem} 1 If specified then every value node must be an IRI and the IRI must start with the given string value. stem An rdf:List that can be used in property constraints as value for sh:or to indicate that all values of a property must be either xsd:string or rdf:langString. String or langString An editor for properties that declare a dash:rootClass. The editor allows selecting either the class itself or one of its subclasses. Sub-Class editor true A constraint component that can be used to state that the set of value nodes must be a subset of the value of a given property. Sub set of constraint component Must be one of the values of {$subSetOf} ASK { $this $subSetOf $value . } Can be used to state that all value nodes must also be values of a specified other property at the same focus node. sub-set of true true A contraint component for property shapes to validate that a property is symmetric. For symmetric properties, if A relates to B then B must relate to A. Symmetric constraint component Symmetric value expected SELECT $this ?value { FILTER ($symmetric) . $this $PATH ?value . FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?value $PATH $this . } } 1 If set to true then if A relates to B then B must relate to A. symmetric true true true A multi-line text area to enter the value of a literal. Text area editor A multi-line text area to enter the value of a literal and a drop down to select a language. Text area with lang editor A simple input field to enter the value of a literal, without the ability to change language or datatype. This is the fallback editor for any literal if no other editors are more suitable. Text field editor A single-line input field to enter the value of a literal and a drop down to select language, which is mandatory unless xsd:string is among the permissible datatypes. Text field with lang editor An input field to enter the URI of a resource, e.g. rdfs:seeAlso links or images. URI editor A Viewer for URI resources, rendering as a hyperlink to that URI. Also includes other ways of interacting with the URI such as opening a nested summary display. URI viewer A constraint component that can be used to state that the values of a property must be unique for all instances of a given class (and its subclasses). Unique value for class constraint component Values must be unique among all instances of {?uniqueValueForClass} SELECT DISTINCT $this ?value ?other WHERE { { $this $PATH ?value . ?other $PATH ?value . FILTER (?other != $this) . } ?other a ?type . ?type rdfs:subClassOf* $uniqueValueForClass . } Value {?value} must be unique but is also used by {?other} States that the values of the property must be unique for all instances of a given class (and its subclasses). unique value for class A Viewer for HTML content from untrusted sources. This viewer will sanitize the HTML before rendering. Any a, button, checkbox, form, hidden, input, img, script, select, style and textarea tags and class and style attributes will be removed. Untrusted HTML viewer true A viewer that renders all values of a given property as a table, with one value per row, and the columns defined by the shape that is the sh:node or sh:class of the property. Value table viewer true true Represents all users/roles, for example as a possible value of the default view for role property. all closed by types ASK { $value rdf:type/rdfs:subClassOf* $class . } has class Value does not have class {$class} ASK { FILTER ($value < $maxExclusive) } Checks whether a given node (?value) has a value less than (<) the provided ?maxExclusive. Returns false if this cannot be determined, e.g. because values do not have comparable types. has max exclusive ASK { FILTER ($value <= $maxInclusive) } Checks whether a given node (?value) has a value less than or equal to (<=) the provided ?maxInclusive. Returns false if this cannot be determined, e.g. because values do not have comparable types. has max inclusive ASK { FILTER (STRLEN(str($value)) <= $maxLength) . } Checks whether a given string (?value) has a length within a given maximum string length. has max length ASK { FILTER ($value > $minExclusive) } Checks whether a given node (?value) has value greater than (>) the provided ?minExclusive. Returns false if this cannot be determined, e.g. because values do not have comparable types. has min exclusive ASK { FILTER ($value >= $minInclusive) } Checks whether a given node (?value) has value greater than or equal to (>=) the provided ?minInclusive. Returns false if this cannot be determined, e.g. because values do not have comparable types. has min inclusive ASK { FILTER (STRLEN(str($value)) >= $minLength) . } Checks whether a given string (?value) has a length within a given minimum string length. has min length ASK { FILTER ((isIRI($value) && $nodeKind IN ( sh:IRI, sh:BlankNodeOrIRI, sh:IRIOrLiteral ) ) || (isLiteral($value) && $nodeKind IN ( sh:Literal, sh:BlankNodeOrLiteral, sh:IRIOrLiteral ) ) || (isBlank($value) && $nodeKind IN ( sh:BlankNode, sh:BlankNodeOrIRI, sh:BlankNodeOrLiteral ) )) . } Checks whether a given node (?value) has a given sh:NodeKind (?nodeKind). For example, sh:hasNodeKind(42, sh:Literal) = true. has node kind ASK { FILTER (!isBlank($value) && IF(bound($flags), regex(str($value), $pattern, $flags), regex(str($value), $pattern))) } Checks whether the string representation of a given node (?value) matches a given regular expression (?pattern). Returns false if the value is a blank node. has pattern ASK { $value rdfs:subClassOf* $rootClass . } has root class ASK { FILTER (isIRI($value) && STRSTARTS(str($value), $stem)) } Checks whether a given node is an IRI starting with a given stem. has stem ASK { ?constraintOrShape sh:deactivated true . } Checks whether a given shape or constraint has been marked as "deactivated" using sh:deactivated. is deactivated The sh:Constraint or sh:Shape to test. constraint or shape ASK { GRAPH $shapesGraph { $in (rdf:rest*)/rdf:first $value . } } is in ASK { BIND (lang($value) AS ?valueLang) . FILTER EXISTS { GRAPH $shapesGraph { $languageIn (rdf:rest*)/rdf:first ?lang . FILTER (langMatches(?valueLang, ?lang)) } } } is language in true true ASK { FILTER ($nodeKind IN ( sh:BlankNode, sh:BlankNodeOrIRI, sh:BlankNodeOrLiteral )) } Checks if a given sh:NodeKind is one that includes BlankNodes. is NodeKind BlankNode The sh:NodeKind to check. node kind true true ASK { FILTER ($nodeKind IN ( sh:IRI, sh:BlankNodeOrIRI, sh:IRIOrLiteral )) } Checks if a given sh:NodeKind is one that includes IRIs. is NodeKind IRI The sh:NodeKind to check. node kind true true ASK { FILTER ($nodeKind IN ( sh:Literal, sh:BlankNodeOrLiteral, sh:IRIOrLiteral )) } Checks if a given sh:NodeKind is one that includes Literals. is NodeKind Literal The sh:NodeKind to check. node kind ASK { $subclass rdfs:subClassOf* $superclass . } Returns true if a given class (first argument) is a subclass of a given other class (second argument), or identical to that class. This is equivalent to an rdfs:subClassOf* check. is subclass of The (potential) subclass. subclass 1 The (potential) superclass. superclass root class sub set of True to declare that the associated property path is symmetric. symmetric true SELECT (xsd:string($arg) AS ?result) WHERE { } Returns a literal with datatype xsd:string that has the input value as its string. If the input value is an (URI) resource then its URI will be used. to string Convert {$arg} to xsd:string The input value. arg unique value for class true true SELECT ?result WHERE { BIND (xsd:anyURI(REPLACE(?template, "\\{[a-zA-Z]+\\}", $value)) AS ?result) } Inserts a given value into a given URI template, producing a new xsd:anyURI literal. In the future this should support RFC 6570 but for now it is limited to simple {...} patterns. URI template 0 The URI template, e.g. "http://example.org/{symbol}". template 1 The literal value to insert into the template. Will use the URI-encoded string of the lexical form (for now). value SELECT (COUNT(?object) AS ?result) WHERE { $subject $predicate ?object . } Computes the number of objects for a given subject/predicate combination. value count 0 The subject to get the number of objects of. subject 1 The predicate to get the number of objects of. predicate GraphQL class shape 0.0 Public classes (including subclasses) can be queried without restrictions, unless marked as protected or private. This also includes shapes linked to these classes via sh:targetClass or dash:applicableToClass. public class of 2.0 Protected classes (including subclasses) can only be queried if reached through a field from another shape. protected class of The input value(s) of the input object type. input value true 1 1 The allowed type of the input value. type 1 1 The GraphQL name of the input type. 1 The default value (if any), as an RDF node. default value 1 1 The GraphQL service. service 1 1 The JSON text. json 1 1 The TTL of the resulting RDF. 1 1 The type of members. member type 1 1 The expected JSON response object as a string. 1 1 The TTL source code of the graph "before" the mutation. Uses the same namespace prefixes as the test case. before graph 1 1 The TTL source code of the expected graph "after" the mutation. Uses the same namespace prefixes as the test case. after graph Defines syntax restrictions on the use of the graphql:name property. Name shape TODO: Add checks against duplicate names within the same shape (including superclasses and sh:node references). 1 ^[_A-Za-z][_0-9A-Za-z]*$ 1 1 The type name. GraphQL node shape shape 1.0 Public shapes can be queried without restrictions. public shape of 3.0 Protected shapes can only be queried if reached through a field from another shape. protected shape of 4.0 Private shapes cannot be queried. private shape of 1 1 The type that is not-nulled. type 1 1 1 1 1 The expected JSON response object as a string. 1 The (RDF/XSD) datatype that this scalar type refers to. 1 The declared root shape of a GraphQL schema, specified using schema { query: ... } in GraphQL schema syntax. Can be used to round-trip GraphQL files. query shape 1 A system name that can be used in URLs to identify this schema. 1 20 Defines the shapes that shall not be published, overriding what has been specified to be public (e.g. via graphql:publicShape). private shape 11 Links to classes so that the class and all its subclasses are published, assuming they are also node shapes. Protected classes can however not be queried from the generated root query object. protected class 10 Specifies the shape(s) that the GraphQL schema is publishing but not accessible from the generated root query object. protected shape 2 Links to classes so that the class and all its subclasses are published, assuming they are also node shapes. Also publishes any shapes linked to the class and its subclasses via sh:targetClass or dash:applicableToClass. public class 0 The namespace(s) of node shapes that shall be published by the GraphQL schema. Will use the values of sh:namespace of the linked prefix declarations. public namespace 1 Specifies the shape(s) that the GraphQL schema is publishing. public shape 1.5 The properties in this group define how the current shape/class is made available to GraphQL services. true GraphQL Schema 5 Shapes 1 1 The URI of the RDF graph to load. RDF graph 1 True to include a test comparing that reloading the generated string yields the same graph. can round trip Points at a prefix declaration of the default namespace for the shapes derived by GraphQL types. This property can be used to round-trip .graphql files. default prefix Gets the GraphQL field name for a property path at a given node shape. field name 1 The property path expression (value of sh:path). path 0 node shape The text of the actual query in GraphQL syntax. query string An optional JSON object with variables that shall be passed into the query for execution. variables First Year of the Common Era AAMA AMA AMCC ATCA 1 2 3 4 83 7 BAA1 BAPT BCP1 BCP2 BCP3 BDE100 BDE153 BDE154 BDE17 BDE183 BDE209 BDE28 BDE47 BDE66 BDE85 BDE99 BMA BP3 BPMA CEMA CHRY3 COTT CYMA 20 9 10 12 52 DCVMA12 DCVMA22 DEDP DEP DETP DHBMA DMDP DMP DMTP DPMA 13 53 26 14 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 19 15 136 16 25 29 GAMA HEMA 49 HPMA HPMA2 HPMMA 30 32 33 31 50 MA MCOCH Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono carboxyisooctyl ester (DINCH) MCOMHP MCOMOP MECPTP mono-2-ethyl-5- carboxypentyl terephthalate (DEHTP) MEHHTP mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl terephthalate (DEHTP) MEOHTP Mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexylterephthalate MHA2 MHA34 MHBMA1 MHBMA2 MHBMA3 MHNCH Cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid mono hydroxyisononyl ester (DINCH) MIP MONP monooxoisononyl phthalate (DiNP) MPP MU 130 NICT NNAL 140 57 58 59 60 61 141 62 139 69 70 PBA PBB153 PCB138 PCB180 PFUNDA PGA PHEMA PHEN2PHEN3 2-hydroxyphenanthrene + 3-hydroxyphenanthrene PHEN2_PHEN3 PHET Phenanthrene tetrol PMA 27 73 74 18 112 75 76 77 88 78 103 51 79 80 81 82 21 SPMA 89 127 105 84 86 87 90 22 91 28 92 TCP TCVMA TNIC TTCA TeCP2456 93 94 95 96 97 98 100 101 48 46 23 VOC1DC VOC2DC VOC2MH VOC34M VOCAAM VOCAMC VOCATC VOCBMA VOCBPM VOCCEM VOCCYM VOCDHB VOCDPM VOCGAM VOCHEM VOCHP2 VOCHPM VOCMAD VOCMB1 VOCMB2 VOCMB3 VOCMUC VOCPHE VOCPHG VOCPMA VOCPMM VOCTCV VOCTTC 24 x109 µL billion parts per microgram (mg/dL)*(µU/mL) HOMA-IR IU/L international units per litre mBzP mCHpP mCINP mCIOP mECPP mHpP mIDP mIPrP µg/dl micrograms per deciliter ug/g microgram per gram µg/m3 micrograms per meter cubed µmol/L micromole per liter µU/mL microunits per milliliter mg/dl milligram per deciliter mg/g milligram per gram mmol/L millimole per liter x106 µL million parts per microgram ng/L nanograms per liter parasites/µL parasites per microgram pg/mL picograms per milliliter pmol/ml picomoles per milliliter x103 µL thousand parts per microgram PCB153 http://hadatac.org/ont/hasco/ HASCO Ontology v1.1 RC LOC at MATCH mathes OBJ object SPL sample SUBJ subject TIME at Antarctic Antarctic Circle Arctic Arctic Circle Earth Earth Atmosphere Equator Earth Exosphere The region of the Earth Atmosphere above the Ionosphere, where the atmosphere thins out into space. This is the last major atmosphere. Earth Ionosphere The region of the Earth Atmosphere containing ions: approximately the mesosphere and thermosphere up to 550 km. Earth Magnetosphere The region of the Earth Atmosphere where the Earth's magnetic field interacts with the solar wind from the Sun. It extends for tens of thousands of kilometers, with a long tail away from the Sun. Earth Mesosphere From about 50 km (upper boundary of the Stratosphere) to the range of 80 km to 85 km, temperature decreasing with height. North Pole Earth Ozone Layer Or ozonosphere, the region of the Earth's Atmosphere approximately in the range 10 - 50 km, where stratospheric ozone is found. Note that even within this region, ozone is a minor constituent by volume. South Pole Earth Stratosphere From the 7–17 km range (upper boundary of the Troposphere) to about 50 km, temperature increasing with height. Earth Surface Earth Troposphere From 80–85 km (upper boundary of the Mesosphere) to 640+ km, temperature increasing with height. Earth Troposphere From the Greek word "tropos" meaning to turn or mix. The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere starting at the surface going up to between 7 km at the poles and 17 km at the equator with some variation due to weather factors. The troposphere has a great deal of vertical mixing due to solar heating at the surface. This heating warms air masses, which then rise to release latent heat as sensible heat that further buoys the air mass. This process continues until all water vapor is removed. In the troposphere, on average, temperature decreases with height due to expansive cooling. Earth Upper Atmosphere The region of the Earth's Atmosphere above the mesopause. electric charge < 0 electric charge = -1 electric charge > 0 Electric Charge = +1 Sun Sun Atmosphere Sun Corona Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn electric charge = 0 CNON PFOSA C160 C204N6 EB PPDDT C181N9 TCS PPDDE BZ CRE DCP24 Hg2 MEHP TCE C182N6 TOL PCP Arsenic (V) Acid Mn NIC PHEN2 PHEN3 PHEN4 Cd Pb Mg Hg Sn ANAT Trimethylarsine oxide U Zn CTET PXY C183N3 STY PHEN1 B As Se Co V DE12 DCP25 W OXY Cr MCP4 Ni C226N3 NORN C205N3 BHCH MXY TCP245 C183N6 Mo Cu C161N7 TCP246 C180 C240 C140 C220 Al PA Au Monomethylarsonic Acid Li Tl Te Be Ag Sb Cs Ru HB4 EtPB MePB PrPB Ba GHCH I C2H5Hg BPA Bi Sr Ti Nb Pt Gd Np Pu PYR1 PCB52 OXB FLUO2 PCB118 PCB101 OH4BP BzPB HePB MIREX HEMA2 CFRM PFDA PFOA DHB34 120 PFNA MCP3 CCHL TCHL AHCH PFOS PFBA C241N9 MCP2 TCC Dimethylarsinic Acid CH3Hg Arsenous (III) Acid C181N7 TeCP2356 C203N6 C225N3 HCB COT MEP HCOT HCOTT TNON Arsenobetaine PFPeA PFHxA NMFOSAA MnBP BuPB FLUO3 mMP 122 121 126 129 125 124 63 128 123 72 71 99 example to be eventually removed Class has all its metadata, but is either not guaranteed to be in its final location in the asserted IS_A hierarchy or refers to another class that is not complete. metadata complete term created to ease viewing/sort terms for development purpose, and will not be included in a release PERSON:Alan Ruttenberg organizational term Class has undergone final review, is ready for use, and will be included in the next release. Any class lacking "ready_for_release" should be considered likely to change place in hierarchy, have its definition refined, or be obsoleted in the next release. Those classes deemed "ready_for_release" will also derived from a chain of ancestor classes that are also "ready_for_release." ready for release Class is being worked on; however, the metadata (including definition) are not complete or sufficiently clear to the branch editors. metadata incomplete Nothing done yet beyond assigning a unique class ID and proposing a preferred term. uncurated All definitions, placement in the asserted IS_A hierarchy and required minimal metadata are complete. The class is awaiting a final review by someone other than the term editor. pending final vetting Terms with this status should eventually replaced with a term from another ontology. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI to be replaced with external ontology term A term that is metadata complete, has been reviewed, and problems have been identified that require discussion before release. Such a term requires editor note(s) to identify the outstanding issues. Alan Ruttenberg group:OBI requires discussion Th mass-to-charge ratio 137 8 47 55 5 6 102 142 37 38 39 40 41 64 42 54 85 68 66 65 67 43 44 45 11 104 ## Elucidation This is used when the statement/axiom is assumed to hold true 'eternally' ## How to interpret (informal) First the "atemporal" FOL is derived from the OWL using the standard interpretation. This axiom is temporalized by embedding the axiom within a for-all-times quantified sentence. The t argument is added to all instantiation predicates and predicates that use this relation. ## Example Class: nucleus SubClassOf: part_of some cell forall t : forall n : instance_of(n,Nucleus,t) implies exists c : instance_of(c,Cell,t) part_of(n,c,t) ## Notes This interpretation is *not* the same as an at-all-times relation axiom holds for all times a false positive rate whose value is 5 per cent Following discussion with OBCS, deprecated of class STATO_0000043 and creation of instance Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO 5 % false positive rate a false positive rate whose value is 1 per cent Following discussion with OBCS, deprecated of class STATO_0000281 and creation of instance Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra STATO 1 % false positive rate m kg s A K mol cd cm mm µm nm Ang pm g mg µg ng pg fg C ms µs ps min h mA µA µmol mmol nmol pmol fmol amol mdu adu M mM µM nM pM mol/kg mmol/kg µmol/kg nmolal pmolal fM Norm chi m/s2 alpha rad/s m2 cm2 mm2 kg/m3 g/cm3 cd/m2 kg/m2 kg/mol g/mol m3/mol cm3/mol kg.m/s 1/s m3/kg m/s m3 cm3 ml L dm3 µl nl pl fl Hz Ntn Pa J watt lx lm kat rad sr Bq Ci Gy Roentgen Sv mSv µSv rem µGy mGy nGy nSv mCi µCi dpm cpm ns ft-c W/m2 einstein/sm2 W/sr/m2 µeinstein/sm2 W/sr w/w (w/v) %(v/v) pph ppth ppm ppb ppt ppq g/ml kg/L g/L mg/ml U/ml U/l enzyme unit kg/m % count F l/kg ml/kg µl/kg cells per ml kat/m3 kat/l ml/m3 ml/l g/dl dl cfu pfu cfu/ml pfu/ml dps Volt Da kDa Wh Wb MFDU Tesla Vh kVh Byte kB MB dpi µm pixel p/in p/mm bp KiB MiB mV kV µV nV pV MV N/m dyn/cm Pas Poise dB 1/AV W/mK eV Efs V/m AU µL/min mmHg mg/L µg/ml ng/ml mU/ml 1/nMs 1/Ms 1/nM 1/M µg/L cp/µl FNU curie/l µcurie/ml cM cR kbp Mb Gb GB TB en Ontology for Biomedical Investigations Advisors for this project come from the IFOMIS group, Saarbruecken and from the Co-ODE group in Manchester Alan Ruttenberg Allyson Lister Barry Smith Bill Bug Bjoern Peters Carlo Torniai Chris Mungall Chris Stoeckert Chris Taylor Christian Bolling Cristian Cocos Daniel Rubin Daniel Schober Dawn Field Dirk Derom Elisabetta Manduchi Eric Deutsch Frank Gibson Gilberto Fragoso Helen C. Causton Helen Parkinson Holger Stenzhorn James A. Overton James Malone Jay Greenbaum Jeffrey Grethe Jennifer Fostel Jessica Turner Jie Zheng Joe White John Westbrook Kevin Clancy Larisa Soldatova Lawrence Hunter Liju Fan Luisa Montecchi Matthew Brush Matthew Pocock Melanie Courtot Melissa Haendel Mervi Heiskanen Monnie McGee Norman Morrison Philip Lord Philippe Rocca-Serra Pierre Grenon Richard Bruskiewich Richard Scheuermann Robert Stevens Ryan R. Brinkman Stefan Wiemann Susanna-Assunta Sansone Tanya Gray Tina Hernandez-Boussard Trish Whetzel Yongqun He 2009-07-31 The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) is build in a collaborative, international effort and will serve as a resource for annotating biomedical investigations, including the study design, protocols and instrumentation used, the data generated and the types of analysis performed on the data. This ontology arose from the Functional Genomics Investigation Ontology (FuGO) and will contain both terms that are common to all biomedical investigations, including functional genomics investigations and those that are more domain specific. OWL-DL An ontology for the annotation of biomedical and functional genomics experiments. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Please cite the OBI consortium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi where traditional citation is called for. However it is adequate that individual terms be attributed simply by use of the identifying PURL for the term, in projects that refer to them. 2018-05-23 PHEN9 Arsenocholine mINP MiPP MEOHP OPDDT MCEPP MEHTP mono-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate MCHP MEHHP NETFOSAA N-Ethyl Perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid MCMHP mHxP TeCP2345 NICO BPZ 4,4'-cyclo-hexylidenebisphenol PCB28 OHMeP MBP C224N6 PFDODA CHRY6 HMPMA 3-Hydroxypropyl-1-methyl mercapturic acid + 3-Hydroxypropyl-2-methyl mercapturic acid + 3-Hydroxypropyl-3-methyl mercapturic acid CHRY1 CHRY4 IL8 Interleukin-8 CHRY2 MCPP TeCP2346 BPAP 4,4'-(1-phenylethylidene)bisphenol BPP 4,4′-(1,4-Phenylenediisopropylidene)bisphenol BPB 2,2'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane BPS PFHxS PFBS PFHPA NAP1 BPAF 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)-dephenol FLUO9 BPF OHEtP CINA6 6-chloronicotinic acid MOP BP8 2,2'-dihydroxy-methoxybenzophenone BP2 2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone BP1 NAP2 mPeP MiBP PNP 4-nitrophenol 56 131 135 132 133 110 138 109 111 134 107 108 106 0.5 The name of the associated GraphQL field, must follow GraphQL naming syntax. GraphQL field name IL33 MMP2 HAPTOGLOBIN TIMP1 TNFB TNFA IFNG IL1B MMP1 GMCSF IL4 IL5 IL6 MMP7 MMP10 MMP9 IL9 TIMP2 IL10 IL12P70 IL13 IL15 FLT3L IL2 MIP3A IL17A IL31 IL28A IL27 IL17F IL22 IL17EIL25 IL21 IL23 http://www.w3.org/ns/shacl# sh This vocabulary defines terms used in SHACL, the W3C Shapes Constraint Language. W3C Shapes Constraint Language (SHACL) Vocabulary true A constraint component that can be used to test whether a value node conforms to all members of a provided list of shapes. And constraint component The node kind of all blank nodes. Blank node The node kind of all blank nodes or IRIs. Blank node or IRI The node kind of all blank nodes or literals. Blank node or literal A constraint component that can be used to verify that each value node is an instance of a given type. Class constraint component Value needs to have class {$class} true A constraint component that can be used to indicate that focus nodes must only have values for those properties that have been explicitly enumerated via sh:property/sh:path. Closed constraint component Closed shape: only the enumerated properties can be used SELECT $this (?predicate AS ?path) ?value WHERE { { FILTER ($closed) . } $this ?predicate ?value . FILTER (NOT EXISTS { GRAPH $shapesGraph { $currentShape sh:property/sh:path ?predicate . } } && (!bound($ignoredProperties) || NOT EXISTS { GRAPH $shapesGraph { $ignoredProperties rdf:rest*/rdf:first ?predicate . } })) } Predicate {?path} is not allowed (closed shape) true true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the datatype of all value nodes. Datatype constraint component Values must have datatype {$datatype} Value does not have datatype {$datatype} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to verify that the set of value nodes is disjoint with the the set of nodes that have the focus node as subject and the value of a given property as predicate. Disjoint constraint component ASK { FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this $disjoint $value . } } Property must not share any values with {$disjoint} true A constraint component that can be used to verify that the set of value nodes is equal to the set of nodes that have the focus node as subject and the value of a given property as predicate. Equals constraint component Must have same values as {$equals} SELECT DISTINCT $this ?value WHERE { { FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this $equals $this } BIND ($this AS ?value) . } UNION { $this $equals ?value . FILTER (?value != $this) . } } SELECT DISTINCT $this ?value WHERE { { $this $PATH ?value . MINUS { $this $equals ?value . } } UNION { $this $equals ?value . MINUS { $this $PATH ?value . } } } A constraint component that can be used to verify that a given node expression produces true for all value nodes. Expression constraint component true true A constraint component that can be used to verify that one of the value nodes is a given RDF node. Has-value constraint component Must have value {$hasValue} ASK { FILTER ($value = $hasValue) } Value must be {$hasValue} SELECT $this WHERE { FILTER NOT EXISTS { $this $PATH $hasValue } } Missing expected value {$hasValue} The node kind of all IRIs. IRI The node kind of all IRIs or literals. IRI or literal true A constraint component that can be used to exclusively enumerate the permitted value nodes. In constraint component Value must be in {$in} Value is not in {$in} 1 The severity for an informational validation result. Info A constraint component with the parameter sh:js linking to a sh:JSConstraint containing a sh:script. JavaScript constraint component true A constraint component that can be used to enumerate language tags that all value nodes must have. Language-in constraint component Language must match any of {$languageIn} Language does not match any of {$languageIn} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to verify that each value node is smaller than all the nodes that have the focus node as subject and the value of a given property as predicate. Less-than constraint component Value is not < value of {$lessThan} SELECT $this ?value WHERE { $this $PATH ?value . $this $lessThan ?otherValue . BIND (?value < ?otherValue AS ?result) . FILTER (!bound(?result) || !(?result)) . } true A constraint component that can be used to verify that every value node is smaller than all the nodes that have the focus node as subject and the value of a given property as predicate. less-than-or-equals constraint component Value is not <= value of {$lessThanOrEquals} SELECT DISTINCT $this ?value WHERE { $this $PATH ?value . $this $lessThanOrEquals ?otherValue . BIND (?value <= ?otherValue AS ?result) . FILTER (!bound(?result) || !(?result)) . } The node kind of all literals. Literal true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the maximum number of value nodes. Max-count constraint component Must not have more than {$maxCount} values More than {$maxCount} values SELECT $this WHERE { $this $PATH ?value . } GROUP BY $this HAVING (COUNT(DISTINCT ?value) > $maxCount) 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the range of value nodes with a maximum exclusive value. Max-exclusive constraint component Value must be < {$maxExclusive} Value is not < {$maxExclusive} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the range of value nodes with a maximum inclusive value. Max-inclusive constraint component Value must be <= {$maxInclusive} Value is not <= {$maxInclusive} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the maximum string length of value nodes. Max-length constraint component Value must not have more than {$maxLength} characters Value has more than {$maxLength} characters 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the minimum number of value nodes. Min-count constraint component Must have at least {$minCount} values Fewer than {$minCount} values SELECT $this WHERE { OPTIONAL { $this $PATH ?value . } } GROUP BY $this HAVING (COUNT(DISTINCT ?value) < $minCount) 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the range of value nodes with a minimum exclusive value. Min-exclusive constraint component Value must be > {$minExclusive} Value is not > {$minExclusive} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the range of value nodes with a minimum inclusive value. Min-inclusive constraint component Value must be >= {$minInclusive} Value is not >= {$minInclusive} 1 true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the minimum string length of value nodes. Min-length constraint component Value must have less than {$minLength} characters Value has less than {$minLength} characters 1 A constraint component that can be used to verify that all value nodes conform to the given node shape. Node constraint component Value does not have shape {$node} true A constraint component that can be used to restrict the RDF node kind of each value node. Node-kind constraint component Value must have node kind {$nodeKind} Value does not have node kind {$nodeKind} 1 A constraint component that can be used to verify that value nodes do not conform to a given shape. Not constraint component Value must not have shape {$not} Value does have shape {$not} A constraint component that can be used to restrict the value nodes so that they conform to at least one out of several provided shapes. Or constraint component true true A constraint component that can be used to verify that every value node matches a given regular expression. Pattern constraint component Value must match pattern "{$pattern}" Value does not match pattern "{$pattern}" true A constraint component that can be used to verify that all value nodes conform to the given property shape. Property constraint component A constraint component that can be used to verify that a specified maximum number of value nodes conforms to a given shape. Qualified-max-count constraint component No more than {$qualifiedMaxCount} values can have shape {$qualifiedValueShape} More than {$qualifiedMaxCount} values have shape {$qualifiedValueShape} true A constraint component that can be used to verify that a specified minimum number of value nodes conforms to a given shape. Qualified-min-count constraint component No fewer than {$qualifiedMinCount} values can have shape {$qualifiedValueShape} Fewer than {$qualifiedMinCount} values have shape {$qualifiedValueShape} true true The SHACL rules entailment regime. SHACL Rules A constraint component that can be used to define constraints based on SPARQL queries. SPARQL constraint component true true true true true A constraint component that can be used to specify that no pair of value nodes may use the same language tag. Unique-languages constraint component No language can be used more than once Language "{?lang}" used more than once SELECT DISTINCT $this ?lang WHERE { { FILTER sameTerm($uniqueLang, true) . } $this $PATH ?value . BIND (lang(?value) AS ?lang) . FILTER (bound(?lang) && ?lang != "") . FILTER EXISTS { $this $PATH ?otherValue . FILTER (?otherValue != ?value && ?lang = lang(?otherValue)) . } } 1 true The severity for a violation validation result. Violation The severity for a warning validation result. Warning A constraint component that can be used to restrict the value nodes so that they conform to exactly one out of several provided shapes. Exactly one constraint component The node expression that must return true for the value nodes. expression Specifies the maximum exclusive value of each value node. max exclusive Specifies the maximum inclusive value of each value node. max inclusive Specifies the minimum exclusive value of each value node. min exclusive Specifies the minimum inclusive value of each value node. min inclusive A node expression that represents the current focus node. this :arc6de1b481 :arc6de1b482 :arc6de1b483 :arc6de1b484 :arc6de1b480 :arc6de1b489 :arc6de1b485 :arc6de1b486 :arc6de1b487 :arc6de1b488 :arc6de1b8 :arc6de1b470 :arc6de1b7 :arc6de1b471 :arc6de1b6 :arc6de1b472 :arc6de1b5 :arc6de1b473 :arc6de1b4 :arc6de1b3 :arc6de1b2 :arc6de1b1 :arc6de1b478 :arc6de1b479 :arc6de1b474 :arc6de1b475 :arc6de1b476 :arc6de1b477 :arc6de1b9 :arc6de1b460 :arc6de1b461 :arc6de1b462 :arc6de1b467 :arc6de1b468 :arc6de1b469 :arc6de1b463 :arc6de1b464 :arc6de1b465 :arc6de1b466 :arc6de1b450 :arc6de1b451 :arc6de1b456 :arc6de1b457 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:arc6de1b149 :arc6de1b144 :arc6de1b145 :arc6de1b146 :arc6de1b147 :arc6de1b130 :arc6de1b131 :arc6de1b132 :arc6de1b137 :arc6de1b138 :arc6de1b139 :arc6de1b133 :arc6de1b134 :arc6de1b135 :arc6de1b136 true 1 1 1 1 0 0 A vocabulary to annotate RDF schemas (in particular SHACL shapes) with metadata to define mappings to GraphQL. GraphQL Vocabulary dash:APIStatus The class of possible values for dash:apiStatus. API Status dash:Action An executable command triggered by an agent, backed by a Script implementation. Actions may get deactivated using sh:deactivated. Action dash:ActionGroup A group of ResourceActions, used to arrange items in menus etc. Similar to sh:PropertyGroups, they may have a sh:order and should have labels (in multiple languages if applicable). Action group dash:ActionTestCase A test case that evaluates a dash:Action using provided input parameters. Requires exactly one value for dash:action and will operate on the test case's graph (with imports) as both data and shapes graph. Currently only supports read-only actions, allowing the comparison of actual results with the expected results. Action test case dash:AllObjectsTarget A target containing all objects in the data graph as focus nodes. All objects target All objects dash:AllSubjectsTarget A target containing all subjects in the data graph as focus nodes. All subjects target All subjects dash:ChangeScript Class of ADS scripts that are executed after edits to the data graph were made, but within the same edit. These scripts may access the current changes from the graphs with names dataset.addedGraphURI and dataset.deletedGraphURI to learn about which resource values have been added or deleted. For example query them using graph.withDataGraph(dataset.addedGraphURI, ...) or via SPARQL's GRAPH keyword. Change scripts may then perform further changes which would again become visible to other change scripts. They MUST NOT have other side effects though, because they may get executed in Preview mode, or the change may cause constraint violations and then be rejected. For side effects, after the change has been applied, use commit scripts (dash:CommitScript). Change scripts are executed by their relative sh:order, with a default value of 0. Use lower values to execute before other scripts. Change script dash:CommitScript Class of ADS scripts that are executed after edits to the data graph were made and have been committed. These scripts may access the changes that have just happened from the graphs with names dataset.addedGraphURI and dataset.deletedGraphURI to learn about which resource values have been added or deleted. For example query them using graph.withDataGraph(dataset.addedGraphURI, ...) or via SPARQL's GRAPH keyword. Commit scripts may then perform side effects such as updating other graphs or sending out notifications to external systems. For edits that should be made within a finishing change, use change scripts (dash:ChangeScript). Commit scripts are executed by their relative sh:order, with a default value of 0. Use lower values to execute before other scripts. Commit script dash:Constructor A script that is executed when a new instance of the class associated via dash:constructor is created, e.g. from a New button. Such scripts typically declare one or more parameters that are collected from the user when the script starts. The values of these parameters can be used as named variables in the script for arbitrary purposes such as setting the URI or initializing some property values of the new instance. The variable focusNode will hold the named node of the selected type, for example when a constructor is associated with a superclass but the user has pressed New for a subclass. The last expression of the script will be used as result of the constructor, so that the surrounding tool knows which resource shall be navigated to next. Constructor An rdf:List that can be used in property constraints as value for sh:or to indicate that all values of a property must be either xsd:date or xsd:dateTime. Date or date time dash:Editor The class of widgets for editing value nodes. Editor dash:ExploreAction An action typically showing up in an Explore section of a selected resource. Cannot make changes to the data. Explore action dash:FunctionTestCase A test case that verifies that a given SPARQL expression produces a given, expected result. Function test case dash:GraphService A service that does not apply to a specific resource (as ResourceService does) but operates on the whole graph. The focusNode variable will be the URI of the current base graph (e.g. <urn:x-evn-master:geo> as a NamedNode. Graph service dash:GraphStoreTestCase A test case that can be used to verify that an RDF file could be loaded (from a file) and that the resulting RDF graph is equivalent to a given TTL file. Graph store test case dash:GraphValidationTestCase A test case that performs SHACL constraint validation on the whole graph and compares the results with the expected validation results stored with the test case. By default this excludes meta-validation (i.e. the validation of the shape definitions themselves). If that's desired, set dash:validateShapes to true. Graph validation test case An rdf:List that can be used in property constraints as value for sh:or to indicate that all values of a property must be either rdf:HTML, xsd:string or rdf:langString (in that order of preference). HTML or string or langString dash:HasValueTarget A target type for all subjects where a given predicate has a certain object value. Has Value target All subjects where {$predicate} has value {$object} dash:IncludedScript The code associated with instances of this class will get injected into the generated APIs, as global code snippets. Typically used to declare libraries of utility functions or constants that are (compared to shape scripts) not necessarily associated with specific classes or shapes. Note that the JavaScript code stored in dash:js cannot use the export keyword because the code must also work in external scripts (such as on Node.js). Instead, you need to enumerate the exported symbols via dash:exports. Included script dash:InferencingTestCase A test case to verify whether an inferencing engine is producing identical results to those stored as expected results. Inferencing test case dash:ModifyAction An action typically showing up in a Modify section of a selected resource. May make changes to the data. Modify action dash:MultiEditor An editor for multiple/all value nodes at once. Multi editor dash:MultiFunction A multi-function is a function that can return zero or more result objects consisting of one or more result variables. While normal (SPARQL/SHACL) functions can only return a single result node, multi-functions may not only return multiple nodes but even multiple individual variables per solution. A common way of defining multi-functions is by wrapping a SPARQL SELECT query, using dash:SPARQLMultiFunction. However, some MultiFunctions (in TopBraid) may also be implemented natively. Multi-function dash:MultiViewer A viewer for multiple/all values at once. Multi viewer dash:PropertyRole The class of roles that a property (shape) may take for its focus nodes. Property role dash:QueryTestCase A test case running a given SPARQL SELECT query and comparing its results with those stored as JSON Result Set in the expected result property. Query test case dash:ResourceAction An Action that can be executed for a selected resource. Such Actions show up in context menus once they have been assigned a sh:group. Resource action dash:ResourceService A Service that can (and must) be applied to a given resource as focus node. Use dash:resourceService to link a class to the services that apply to its instances. Resource service dash:SPARQLMultiFunction A multi-function based on a SPARQL SELECT query. The query gets executed with the arguments pre-bound to the variables declared as parameters. The results of the multi-function are all result bindings from the SPARQL result set. SPARQL multi-function dash:Script An executable unit implemented in one or more languages such as JavaScript. Script dash:ScriptConstraint The class of constraints that are based on Scripts. Depending on whether dash:onAllValues is set to true, these scripts can access the following pre-assigned variables: - focusNode: the focus node of the constraint (a NamedNode) - if dash:onAllValues is not true: value: the current value node (e.g. a JavaScript string for xsd:string literals, a number for numeric literals or true or false for xsd:boolean literals. All other literals become LiteralNodes, and non-literals become instances of NamedNode) - if dash:onAllValues is true: values: an array of current value nodes, as above. If the expression returns an array then each array member will be mapped to one validation result, following the mapping rules below. For string results, a validation result will use the string as sh:resultMessage. For boolean results, a validation result will be produced if the result is false (true means no violation). For object results, a validation result will be produced using the value of the field "message" of the object as result message. If the field "value" has a value then this will become the sh:value in the violation. Unless another sh:message has been directly returned, the sh:message of the dash:ScriptConstraint will be used, similar to sh:message at SPARQL Constraints. These sh:messages can access the values {$focusNode}, {$value} etc as template variables. Script constraint dash:ScriptFunction Script functions can be used from SPARQL queries and will be injected into the generated prefix object (in JavaScript, for ADS scripts). The dash:js will be inserted into a generated JavaScript function and therefore needs to use the return keyword to produce results. These JS snippets can access the parameter values based on the local name of the sh:Parameter's path. For example ex:value can be accessed using value. SPARQL use note: Since these functions may be used from any data graph and any shapes graph, they must not rely on any API apart from what's available in the shapes graph that holds the rdf:type triple of the function itself. In other words, at execution time from SPARQL, the ADS shapes graph will be the home graph of the function's declaration. Script function dash:ScriptSuggestionGenerator A Suggestion Generator that is backed by an Active Data Shapes script. The script needs to return a JSON object or an array of JSON objects if it shall generate multiple suggestions. It may also return null to indicate that nothing was suggested. Note that the whole script is evaluated as a (JavaScript) expression, and those will use the last value as result. So simply putting an object at the end of your script should do. Alternatively, define the bulk of the operation as a function and simply call that function in the script. Each response object can have the following fields: { message: "The human readable message", // Defaults to the rdfs:label(s) of the suggestion generator add: [ // An array of triples to add, each triple as an array with three nodes [ subject, predicate, object ], [ ... ] ], delete: [ ... like add, for the triples to delete ] } Suggestions with neither added nor deleted triples will be discarded. At execution time, the script operates on the data graph as the active graph, with the following pre-bound variables: - focusNode: the NamedNode that is the sh:focusNode of the validation result - predicate: the NamedNode representing the predicate of the validation result, assuming sh:resultPath is a URI - value: the value node from the validation result's sh:value, cast into the most suitable JS object - the other pre-bound variables for the parameters of the constraint, e.g. in a sh:maxCount constraint it would be maxCount The script will be executed in read-only mode, i.e. it cannot modify the graph. Example with dash:js: ({ message: `Copy labels into ${graph.localName(predicate)}`, add: focusNode.values(rdfs.label).map(label => [ focusNode, predicate, label ] ) }) Script suggestion generator dash:ScriptTestCase A test case that evaluates a script. Requires exactly one value for dash:js and will operate on the test case's graph (with imports) as both data and shapes graph. Supports read-only scripts only at this stage. Script test case dash:ScriptValidator A SHACL validator based on an Active Data Shapes script. See the comment at dash:ScriptConstraint for the basic evaluation approach. Note that in addition to focusNode and value/values, the script can access pre-bound variables for each declared argument of the constraint component. Script validator dash:Service A script that gets exposed as a web service, e.g. /tbl/service/ex/MyService Service dash:ShapeClass A class that is also a node shape. This class can be used as rdf:type instead of the combination of rdfs:Class and sh:NodeShape. Shape class dash:SingleEditor An editor for individual value nodes. Single editor dash:SingleViewer A viewer for a single value. Single viewer An rdf:List that can be used in property constraints as value for sh:or to indicate that all values of a property must be either xsd:string, rdf:langString or rdf:HTML (in that order of preference). string or langString or HTML dash:Suggestion Base class of suggestions that modify a graph to "fix" the source of a validation result. Suggestion dash:SuggestionGenerator Base class of objects that can generate suggestions (added or deleted triples) for a validation result of a given constraint component. Suggestion generator dash:TestCase A test case to verify that a (SHACL-based) feature works as expected. Test case dash:TestCaseResult Base class for results produced by running test cases. Test case result dash:TestEnvironment Abstract base class for test environments, holding information on how to set up a test case. Test environment dash:ValidationTestCase Abstract superclass for test cases concerning SHACL constraint validation. Future versions may add new kinds of validatin test cases, e.g. to validate a single resource only. Validation test case dash:Viewer The class of widgets for viewing value nodes. Viewer dash:Widget Base class of user interface components that can be used to display or edit value nodes. Widget Specifies a property that must have a value whenever the property path has a value, and must have no value whenever the property path has no value. co-exists with Can be used to link a SHACL property shape with the URL of a SPARQL endpoint that may contain further RDF triples for the value nodes delivered by the property. This can be used to inform a processor that it should switch to values from an external graph when the user wants to retrieve more information about a value. This property should be regarded as an "annotation", i.e. it does not have any impact on validation or other built-in SHACL features. However, selected tools may want to use this information. One implementation strategy would be to periodically fetch the values specified by the sh:node or sh:class shape associated with the property, using the property shapes in that shape, and add the resulting triples into the main query graph. An example value is "https://query.wikidata.org/sparql". details endpoint Can be used to link a SHACL property shape with a SHACL node expression that produces the URIs of one or more graphs that contain further RDF triples for the value nodes delivered by the property. This can be used to inform a processor that it should switch to another data graph when the user wants to retrieve more information about a value. The node expressions are evaluated with the focus node as input. (It is unclear whether there are also cases where the result may be different for each specific value, in which case the node expression would need a second input argument). This property should be regarded as an "annotation", i.e. it does not have any impact on validation or other built-in SHACL features. However, selected tools may want to use this information. details graph The expected result(s) of a test case. The value range of this property is different for each kind of test cases. expected result Specifies a constraint that at least one of the value nodes must be a member of the given list. has value in Specifies a constraint that at least one of the value nodes must be an instance of a given class. has value with class Can be used to specify the node shape that may be applied to reified statements produced by a property shape. The property shape must have a URI resource as its sh:path. The values of this property must be node shapes. User interfaces can use this information to determine which properties to present to users when reified statements are explored or edited. Use dash:None to indicate that no reification should be permitted. reifiable by single line Specifies a string value that the IRI of the value nodes must start with. stem graphql:InputObjectType Represents an input object type in a GraphQL schema. Input object type graphql:InputType Input type graphql:InputValue The definition of an input value, consisting of a name, type and an optional default value. Input value graphql:JSON2RDFTestCase A test case that can be used to verify that a given JSON object is translated into RDF triples using shape definitions from a given graphql:Service. The service must be in the test case graph. JSON-to-RDF test case graphql:ListType List type graphql:MutationTestCase A test case that runs a given GraphQL mutation (graphql:query) and compares its output JSON with an expected JSON string. Formatting of the strings is ignored. The mutation is executed over a given "before" graph which must be isomorphic to a given "after" graph. The TestCase is also a graphql:Schema defining which shapes to publish. GraphQL mutation test case graphql:NamedType Named type graphql:NonNullType Non null type graphql:Query Represents specific GraphQL queries, stored by their query string and possibly other properties with metadata. GraphQL query graphql:QueryTestCase A test case that runs a given GraphQL query (graphql:query) and compares its output JSON with an expected JSON string. Formatting of the strings is ignored. The TestCase is also a graphql:Schema defining which shapes to publish. GraphQL query test case graphql:ScalarType Represents a scalar type as defined by a GraphQL schema. The primary purpose of these types is for round-tripping, otherwise they are basically the same as node shapes. The instances must be URIs, and the GraphQL name is derived from them. This is currently not marked as a subClassOf sh:NodeShape, although this may happen in the future. The idea is that we don't want all constraint parameters to apply here, only selected ones such as sh:datatype. In the SHACL spec, anything that has constraints counts as a node shape, even if it doesn't have a matching rdf:type triple. Scalar type graphql:Schema A collection of shapes that are part of a GraphQL schema. Includes declarations about which shapes shall be exposed/published by a GraphQL service. The set of public node shapes consists of all values of graphql:publicShape, all values of graphql:publicClass and their subclasses, all node shapes from any namespace graphql:publicNamespace, minus any explicitly excluded shapes via graphql:privateShape. An RDF graph may contain multiple GraphQL schemas, each providing a different API or view on the underlying data. GraphQL services can include each other using owl:imports. To simplify common usage patterns, owl:Ontology has been marked as a subclass, so that all Ontologies are also graphql:Schemas once this graphql namespace is imported. GraphQL Schema graphql:WriterTestCase A test case that can be used to verify that a RDF/SHACL to GraphQL writer works correctly. The expected result must be the complete GraphQL schema string. Writer test case Defines a GraphQL name for a given subject. The values need to match the regular expression specified in http://facebook.github.io/graphql/October2016/#Name. name The GraphQL query string. query query shape Children's health and wellbeing are influenced by interactions between environmental and genetic factors. NIEHS is establishing an infrastructure, the Children's Health Exposure Analysis Resource (CHEAR), to provide the extramural research community access to laboratory and data analyses that add or expand the inclusion of environmental exposures in children's health research. The goal of CHEAR is to provide tools so researchers can assess the full range of environmental exposures which may affect children's health. We anticipate that CHEAR will be used by children's health researchers conducting epidemiological or clinical studies that currently have limited consideration of environmental exposures, or those who have collected exposure data but seek more extensive analyses. Read more at: https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/exposure/chear/ Russell Poldrack, poldrack@gmail.com The Cognitive Atlas is a collaborative knowledge building project that aims to develop an ontology that characterizes the state of current thought in cognitive science. It defines a set of mental concepts along with a set of mental tasks, and the measurement relations between those classes. Cognitive Atlas Ontology N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. Mercapturic acids of acrolein and crotonaldehyde N-Acetyl-S-(N-methylcarbamoyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Apgar Score A method to quickly summarize the health of newborn children. The Apgar score was invented by Virginia Apgar in 1952 when Apgar was an anesthesiologist who developed the score in order to ascertain the effects of obstetric anesthesia on babies. The Apgar scale is determined by evaluating the newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from zero to two, then summing up the five values thus obtained. The resulting Apgar score ranges from zero to 10. The five criteria are summarized using words chosen to form a backronym (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration). 2-Aminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. Active Non-Tobacco Smoker Active Non-Tobacco Smoker Active Smoker The quality of actively smoking. How is this different from "smoker'? chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Adult Refers to a person above a threshold age. Advanced Graduate Degree Having earned a pos-baccalaureate degree Alcohol Use Uses Alcohol Analysis Mode Analysis Mode Assisted Reproductive Therapy 1-hydroxybenz[a]anthacene Only found in one journal article, no where else. Maybe mis-spelled? Benzo[a]pyrene tetraol 1-hydroxybenzo[c]-phenanthrene 2-hydroxybenzo[c]-phenanthrene 3-hydroxybenzo[c]-phenanthrene 2,2',4,4',6-Pentabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4,4',5,6'-Hexabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4'-Tribromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',3,4,4',5',6-Heptabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-Decabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,4,4'-Tribromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,3',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',3,4,4'-Pentabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4,4',5-Pentabromodiphenyl ether To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. Benzophenone-3 Oxybenzone is a benzophenone derivative used as a sunscreen agent. Oxybenzone absorbs UVB and UVA II rays, resulting in a photochemical excitation and absorption of energy. Upon return to ground state, the absorbed energy results in emission of longer wavelength radiation and decreased skin penetration of radiation which reduces the risk of DNA damage. Duplicate of OXB? N-Acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Bathroom Count Total Number of Bathrooms in the Home chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Bedroom Count Total Number of Bedrooms in the Home chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Boiler Count A boiler is an object that heats up water. This attribute quantifies the number of boilers in the home. N-Acetyl-S- (2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. 3-hydroxychrysene Cotinine (total) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. Caesarian Section Caesarian Section Medical Procedure. One-third of pregnancies in the US end in C-Sections. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Canned Food Consumption Whether or not canned food is consumed. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Canned Food Consumption Frequency Frequency of Canned Food Consumption. Also want to list this under Environmental Exposures (b/c canned food has chemicals in the lining so sometimes it is used as a proxy) Car Count Total Number of Cars in the Home Again, this isn't related to physical properties of housing. This is more closely related to Socioeconomic Status. Consider moving it. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Cement Floor Cement Floor Type chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Collection Date of Sample Collection Date of Sample chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone College Graduate The quality of having graduated from College chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Computer A machine used for computation and much more. Consumed Alcohol N-Acetyl-S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. diethyldithiophosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. diethylphosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. diethylthiophosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S- (3,4-dihydroxybutyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. dimethyldithiophosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. dimethylphosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. dimethylthiophosphate To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-L-cysteine + N-Acetyl-S-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-L-cysteine + N-Acetyl-S-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone DVD Player Count Number of devices in the home that play DVDs. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Date of Birth Date of day on which a person was born. Dental Fillings chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Developmental Quality Refers to which stage of development a person is in. Did Not Consume Alcohol chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Diet Quantity A quantity relating to diet and nutrition. What differentiated diet from nutrition? That is why is this needed since we have the DietAndNutrition Class chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Diet Treatment Medical Therapy Diet Treatment is a form of Medical Therapy. Drug History chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Education Grade The highest grade of education achieved Education Grade 1 Finished grade 1 Education Grade 2 Finished grade 2 Education Grade 3 Finished grade 3 Education Grade 4 Finished grade 4 Education Grade 5 Finished grade 5 Education Grade 6 Finished grade 6 Education Grade 7 Finished grade 7 Elective Caesarian Section A caesarian section that was chosen by the mother but was not medically necessary. chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Elementary School Finished Elementary School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Ever Smoked The quality of having smoking in the past. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Fast Food Consumption Whether or not fast food is consumed. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Fast Food Consumption Frequency Frequency of Fast Food Consumption. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Floor Type Type of material that makes up the floor. Forceps-Assisted Birth A vaginal birth with the assistance of forceps to extract the baby. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Freeze/Thaw Cycles Count Number of Freeze/Thaw cycles. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Fresh Vegetable Consumption Whether or not Fresh Vegetables are consumed. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Fresh Vegetable Consumption Frequency Frequency of Fresh Vegetable Consumption. N-Acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Gravida Pregnancy Count, regardless of whether pregnancy was carried to Term. Mercapturic acids of 1,3-butadiene Health Maintenance Organization Insurance N-Acetyl-S- (3-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(3-hydroxypropyl-1-methyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Haircare Product Use chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Graduated From High School The quality of having graduated from High School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone High School or Less Education Level of High School or Less chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Higher Education College or university education beyond the successful completion of high school or grammar school, or the attainment of an approved equivalent chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Household Appliance Count Total number of appliances that can be found in the home. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Intelligence Quotient A measure of intelligence In Vitro Fertilization Insurance Insurance Type Insurance Type Known Food Allergies chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Landfill Proximity How close a household is to a landfill. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Light Bulb Count Total Number of Lightbulbs in the Home Mandelic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. mono (6-COOH-2-methylheptyl) phthalate mono (7-COOH-2-methyloctyl) phthalate 2-Methylhippuric acid To Do: align with CHEBI. 3-Methylhippuric acid + 4-Methylhippuric acid To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(1-hydroxymethyl-2-propenyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2-hydroxy-3-butenyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(4-hydroxy-2-buten-1-yl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. monoisononyl phthalate Duplicate of mINP? Mono-n-pentyl phthalate Duplicate of mPeP? trans, trans -Muconic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. Malarial Retinopathy Retinopathy due to malaria. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Marital Status A person's current conjugal status. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Medical Therapy Procedure Medical Therapy Procedure to aide in treatment. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Microwave Oven Count Number of machines in the home used to heat up food using microwaves. Putting a note here, but it applies to all of the appliances. These are used to calculate the SES Index that was reported within one of the pilots. So, there needs to be some connection between these terms. Nicotine (total) To Do: align with CHEBI. 4-(methlynitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol To Do: align with CHEBI. No Anti Malarial Use chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone No Formal Education Has not been educated in a formal setting. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Non-Hispanic Ethnicity Non-Hispanic Ethnicity Non-smoker Doesn't smoker cigarettes. Non-Spontaneous Preterm Birth Normal Weight 18.5<=BMI<=25 Not Current Student The state of an individual not currently engaged in educational activity as a pupil. Nulliparous Used Only Anti Malarials or No Medications Other GI Disease This is a temp concept that needs addressing chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Other Material Finish Flooring is made from another unspecified material. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexabromobiphenyl To Do: align with CHEBI. PCB138 PCB180 Perfluroundecanoic acid Phenylglyoxylic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl-L-cysteine + N-Acetyl-S-(2-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. 2-hydroxyphenanthrene + 3-hydroxyphenanthrene N-Acetyl-S-(phenyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment as a form of medical therapy. UPDATE: Yes, add the prescription medication, either as an indicator or as a class under Medical Therapy. Whichever works for the ontology. Why isn't this listed under prescription medication? How do you differentiate between medical therapy and prescription medication? Parous chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Perfume Use chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Planned Caesarian Section Planned caesarian section. Preschool Finished preschool Pregnancy Complication Prenatal Nonsmoker Could be a former smoker or a non-smoker, so neither should be encoded as the superclass. Should this be a subClassOf PregnancyCharactistic as well? Prenatal Smoker The quality of having smoked while being pregnant. Should this be a subClassOf PregnancyCharactistic as well? chear-kb:PER-Jim-McCusker Preterm Birth Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks gestational age. Previous Smoker The quality of having smoked in the past. Private Insurance Private Insurance or Self Pay Public Insurance Quit Smoking After Pregnancy Quit Smoking After Pregnancy Quit Smoking Before Pregnancy A Previous Smoker who Quit Smoking Before Pregnancy Quit Smoking Quit Smoking Cigarettes Religion Religious Belief Repeat Caesarian Section Had Repeat Caesarian Section chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Room Count Total Number of Rooms in the Home Route Of Delivery Mercapturic acid of benzene No Insurance / Self-funded Severe Malarial Anemia In holoendemic transmission areas, Severe Malarial Anemia (SMA) is the primary clinical manifestation of severe childhood malaria, with cerebral malaria occurring only in rare cases. Mortality rates from SMA can exceed 30% in pediatric populations residing in holoendemic transmission areas. The pathophysiological processes that contribute to SMA involve direct and indirect destruction of parasitized and non-parasitized red blood cells (RBCs), inefficient and/or suppression of erythropoiesis, and dyserythropoiesis. Smoker The quality of smoking cigarettes. Socioeconomic Status Index A measure of SES. This is a specific index, derived from other variables. So, it should somehow be connected to this variables. Also, we may want to be more specific about the type of index that it is. Perhaps there should be a general SESIndex and then subclasses of specific measures? chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Soil Floor The flooring is made of soil. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Some Elementary School Attended Some Elementary School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Some High School Education Level of Some High School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Some Middle School Attended Some Middle School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Spontaneous Caesarian Section Had a spontaneous caesarian section Spontaneous Preterm Birth chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Steroid Treatment form of Medical Therapy Had a form of treatment which uses steroids. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Stress Whether or not a person gets stressed. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Stress Frequency How frequently a person gets stressed. Again, we might want to link this to a specific assessment? 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine To Do: align with CHEBI. Total nicotine Duplicate of NIC? 2-Thioxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid To Do: align with CHEBI. 2,4,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Brown flakes or beige solid. Strong odor. (NTP, 1992) chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Technical Post Junior College Attended a Technical Post Junior College chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Technical Post-Middle School Attended a Technical Post-Middle School. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Technical Post Primary School Attended a Technical Post Primary School chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Technical School Attended a Technical School. TermBirth chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Toaster Count Number of appliances used to toast bread. Tobacco Smoke Exposure Underweight/Normal chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Unknown Education Level Level of Education is not known Unknown Race Unknown Race Unmarried Indicates a person not currently joined in a legally binding matrimonial union. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Unplanned Caesarian Section Had an unplanned caesarian section. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone VCR Player Count Number of devices that play VCRs in the home. N-acel-S-(1,2-dichlorovinl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acel-S-(2,2-Dichlorvinyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. 2-Methylhippuric acid (ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. 3-methipurc acd & 4-methipurc acd(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(N-methlcarbamoyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. 2-amnothiazolne-4-carbxylic acid(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteine(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(n-propyl)-L-cysteine(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(2-Carbxyethyl)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-L-cyst(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S- (3,4-Dihidxybutl)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(dimethylphenyl)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-ac-S-(2-carbmo-2-hydxel)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(2-hydroxypropyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ace-S-(3-Hydroxypropyl)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. Mandelic acid(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-A-S-(1-HydrxMet)-2-Prpn)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Ac-S-(2-Hydrxy-3-butnyl)-L-Cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-ace-S-(phenl-2-hydxyetl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. t,t-Muconic acid(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-ace-S-(phenl-2-hydxyetl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. Phenylglyoxylic acid(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(phenyl)-L-cysteine(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-A-S-(3-hydrxprpl-1-metl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. N-Acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)-L-cys(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. 2-thoxothazlidne-4-carbxylic acid(ng/mL) To Do: align with CHEBI. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Vacuum Cleaner Count Number of appliances in home used for cleaning rugs. Vaginal Birth Had a birthing occur via the vagina. Again, can we add a delivery class chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Washing Machine Count Number of machines used for washing clothes in the home. Weight for Height Z-Score Z-Score of the weight/height ratio at a given age. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Fenton Weighted Z-Score Derived from Birth Weight, Gestational Age, and Child Sex mono-benzyl phthalate Is this a repeat of MBP? mono(7-carboxyheptyl)phthalate mono-carboxy isononyl phthalate mono-carboxy isooctyl phthalate mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate Duplicate of MCEPP? mono-2-heptyl phthalate mono-isodecyl phthalate mono-isopropyl phthalate Duplicate of MiPP? PCB153 hasco:LocationCollection Collection of coordinates and/or names locations of a physical region of interest Location Collection hasco:MatchingCollection Collection of matching objects Matching Collection hasco:ObjectCollection A collection of samples including other sample collections Object Collection hasco:SampleCollection collection of material elements sampled from a region of interest or from other samples Sample Collection hasco:StudyObjectMatching matching hasco:StudyObjectType Study Object Type hasco:SubjectGroup A group of human subjects Subject Group hasco:TimeCollection Time Collection Time Collection has part my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities) my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity) this year has part this day (occurrent parthood) a core relation that holds between a whole and its part Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part. Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See https://code.google.com/p/obo-relations/wiki/ROAndTime Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.) A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'. has_part has part realized in this disease is realized in this disease course this fragility is realized in this shattering this investigator role is realized in this investigation is realized by realized_in [copied from inverse property 'realizes'] to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a realizable entity and a process, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realized in realizes this disease course realizes this disease this investigation realizes this investigator role this shattering realizes this fragility to say that b realizes c at t is to assert that there is some material entity d & b is a process which has participant d at t & c is a disposition or role of which d is bearer_of at t& the type instantiated by b is correlated with the type instantiated by c. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [059-003]) Paraphrase of elucidation: a relation between a process and a realizable entity, where there is some material entity that is bearer of the realizable entity and participates in the process, and the realizable entity comes to be realized in the course of the process realizes preceded by An example is: translation preceded_by transcription; aging preceded_by development (not however death preceded_by aging). Where derives_from links classes of continuants, preceded_by links classes of processes. Clearly, however, these two relations are not independent of each other. Thus if cells of type C1 derive_from cells of type C, then any cell division involving an instance of C1 in a given lineage is preceded_by cellular processes involving an instance of C. The assertion P preceded_by P1 tells us something about Ps in general: that is, it tells us something about what happened earlier, given what we know about what happened later. Thus it does not provide information pointing in the opposite direction, concerning instances of P1 in general; that is, that each is such as to be succeeded by some instance of P. Note that an assertion to the effect that P preceded_by P1 is rather weak; it tells us little about the relations between the underlying instances in virtue of which the preceded_by relation obtains. Typically we will be interested in stronger relations, for example in the relation immediately_preceded_by, or in relations which combine preceded_by with a condition to the effect that the corresponding instances of P and P1 share participants, or that their participants are connected by relations of derivation, or (as a first step along the road to a treatment of causality) that the one process in some way affects (for example, initiates or regulates) the other. is preceded by preceded_by http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:preceded_by preceded by precedes precedes Cis-Nonachlor Perfluorooctanesulfonamide hexadecanoic acid A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. arachidonic acid A long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. Ethylbenzene Ethylbenzene is mainly used in the manufacture of styrene. Acute (short-term) exposure to ethylbenzene in humans results in respiratory effects, such as throat irritation and chest constriction, irritation of the eyes, and neurological effects such as dizziness. Chronic (long-term) exposure to ethylbenzene by inhalation in humans has shown conflicting results regarding its effects on the blood. Animal studies have reported effects on the blood, liver, and kidneys from chronic inhalation exposure to ethylbenzene. Limited information is available on the carcinogenic effects of ethylbenzene in humans. In a study by the National Toxicology Program (NTP), exposure to ethylbenzene by inhalation resulted in an increased incidence of kidney and testicular tumors in rats, and lung and liver tumors in mice. EPA has classified ethylbenzene as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. 4,4'-DDT oleic acid An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry. Triclosan Triclosan is a diphenyl ether derivative used in cosmetics and toilet soaps as an antiseptic. It has some bacteriostatic and fungistatic action. 4,4'-DDE Benzene Toxic, volatile, flammable liquid hydrocarbon byproduct of coal distillation. It is used as an industrial solvent in paints, varnishes, lacquer thinners, gasoline, etc. Benzene causes central nervous system damage acutely and bone marrow damage chronically and is carcinogenic. It was formerly used as parasiticide. Creatinine Creatinine is the breakdown product of creatine, a constituent of muscle tissue, that is excreted by the kidney and whose serum level is used to evaluate kidney function. 2,4-Dichlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol is a colorless crystalline solid with a medicinal odor. Melting point 45°C. Sinks in water. Strong irritant to tissues; toxic by ingestion. Inorganic Mercury (Hg2+) mono ethyl hexyl phthalate PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Clear colorless to cloudy white viscous liquid. (NTP, 1992) Tetrachloroethene TETRACHLOROETHYLENE is a chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen. linoleic acid An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry. Toluene Toluene is a widely used industrial solvent. Pentachlorophenol An insecticide and herbicide that has also been used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorphenol is a widespread environmental pollutant. Both chronic and acute pentachlorophenol poisoning are medical concerns. The range of its biological actions is still being actively explored, but it is clearly a potent enzyme inhibitor and has been used as such as an experimental tool. Arsenic (V) Acid Manganese MANGANESE is a trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035) Nicotine Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid. It is the prototypical agonist at nicotinic cholinergic receptors where it dramatically stimulates neurons and ultimately blocks synaptic transmission. Nicotine is also important medically because of its presence in tobacco smoke. 2-hydroxyphenanthrene 3-hydroxyphenanthrene 4-hydroxyphenanthrene Cadmium An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 114. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING. Lead LEAD is a soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.19, symbol Pb. (Dorland, 28th) Magnesium An element with atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.3. Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal and is important to bone structure in human physiology. Mercury A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing. Tin TIN is a trace element that is required in bone formation. It has the atomic symbol Sn, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 118.71. Anatabine Trimethylarsine oxide Uranium Uranium. A radioactive element of the actinide series of metals. URANIUM has an atomic symbol U, atomic number 92, and atomic weight 238.03. U-235 is used as the fissionable fuel in nuclear weapons and as fuel in nuclear power reactors. Zinc A metallic element of atomic number 30 and atomic weight 65.38. It is a necessary trace element in the diet, forming an essential part of many enzymes, and playing an important role in protein synthesis and in cell division. Zinc deficiency is associated with ANEMIA, short stature, HYPOGONADISM, impaired WOUND HEALING, and geophagia. It is known by the symbol Zn. Carbon Tetrachloride CARBON TETRACHLORIDE is a solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed) p-Xylene* P-xylene is a colorless watery liquid with a sweet odor. Less dense than water. Insoluble in water. Irritating vapor. Freezing point is 56°F. (USCG, 1999) alpha-linolenic acid A linolenic acid with cis-double bonds at positions 9, 12 and 15. Shown to have an antithrombotic effect. Styrene STYRENE is a colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics. 1-hydroxyphenanthrene Boron A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY. Arsenic A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Selenium An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.96. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. Cobalt COBALT is a trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis. Vanadium A metallic element with the atomic symbol V, atomic number 23, and atomic weight 50.94. It is used in the manufacture of vanadium steel. Prolonged exposure can lead to chronic intoxication caused by absorption usually via the lungs. 1,2-Dichloroethane Ethylene Dichloride is a clear, colorless, oily, synthetic, flammable liquid chlorinated hydrocarbon with a pleasant chloroform-like smell that emits toxic fumes of hydrochloric acid when heated to decomposition. Ethylene dichloride is primarily used to produce vinyl chloride. Inhalation exposure to this substance induces respiratory distress, nausea and vomiting and affects the central nervous system, liver and kidneys. It is mutagenic in animals and is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. (NCI05) 2,5-Dichlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Prisms (from benzene, petroleum ether) or white crystals. Odor threshold 30 µg/L at 68-72°F; 33 µg/L at 86°F. Taste threshold 0.5 µg/L. (NTP, 1992) Tungsten Tungsten. A metallic element with the atomic symbol W, atomic number 74, and atomic weight 183.85. TUNGSTEN is used in many manufacturing applications, including increasing the hardness, toughness, and tensile strength of steel; manufacture of filaments for incandescent light bulbs; and in contact points for automotive and electrical apparatus. o-Xylene O-xylene is a colorless watery liquid with a sweet odor. Less dense than water. Insoluble in water. Irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999) Chromium A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. 4-Chlorophenol P-chlorophenol is a white crystals with a strong phenol odor. Slightly soluble to soluble in water, depending on the isomer, and denser than water. Noncombustible. Used as an intermediate in organic synthesis of dyes and drugs. Nickel NICKEL is a trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE. all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid A docosahexaenoic acid having six cis-double bonds at positions 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19. Nornicotine all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane m-Xylene* M-xylene is a colorless watery liquid with a sweet odor. Less dense than water. Insoluble in water. Irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999) 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol Exposure to 2,4,5-trichlorophenol may occur during its production or use as a pesticide. Acute (short-term) dermal exposure to 2,4,5-trichlorophenol may burn skin in humans. It also irritates the eyes, nose, pharynx, and lungs in humans. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol in humans. In one study, slight degenerative changes were observed in the liver and kidneys of rats chronically exposed to 2,4,5-trichlorophenol in their diet. EPA has classified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Colorless needles, gray flakes or off-white lumpy solid. Phenolic odor. Formerly used as a fungicide and bactericide. gamma-linolenic acid A C18, ω-6 acid fatty acid comprising a linolenic acid having cis- double bonds at positions 6, 9 and 12. Molybdenum MOLYBDENUM is a metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.94. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Copper COPPER is a heavy metal trace element with the atomic symbol Cu, atomic number 29, and atomic weight 63.55. (9Z)-hexadecenoic acid A hexadecenoic acid with a cis-double bond at position C-9. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2 4 6-Trichlorophenol is a synthetic, colorless crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents. It has been used primarily in pesticide formulations and as a wood preservative, although most uses have been cancelled in the US. When heated to decomposition, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol emits toxic and corrosive fumes of hydrochloric acid and other toxic gases. Exposure of humans to 2,4,6-trichrophenol via inhalation has been reported to cause respiratory effects, altered pulmonary function and pulmonary lesions. It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. (NCI05) octadecanoic acid A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics. tetracosanoic acid A C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid. tetradecanoic acid A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat. docosanoic acid A straight-chain, C22, long-chain saturated fatty acid. Aluminum ALUMINUM is a metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98. phthalic acid PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: White crystals or fine white powder. (NTP, 1992) Gold GOLD is a yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. Monomethylarsonic Acid Lithium An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER. Thallium THALLIUM is a heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl. Tellurium Tellurium. An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. TELLURIUM has the atomic symbol Te, atomic number 52, and atomic weight 127.60. It has been used as a coloring agent and in the manufacture of electrical equipment. Exposure may cause nausea, vomiting, and CNS depression. Beryllium Beryllium. An element with the atomic symbol Be, atomic number 4, and atomic weight 9.01218. Short exposure to this element can lead to a type of poisoning known as BERYLLIOSIS. Silver Silver. An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA. Antimony ANTIMONY is a metallic element that has the atomic symbol Sb, atomic number 51, and atomic weight 121.75. It is used as a metal alloy and as medicinal and poisonous salts. It is toxic and an irritant to the skin and the mucous membranes. Cesium A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency. Ruthenium RUTHENIUM is a hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid Ethyl paraben Ethylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of ethylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. The chemical classification of ethylparaben is Allergens. Methyl Paraben Methylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of methylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. The chemical classification of methylparaben is Allergens. Propyl paraben Propylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of propylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. The chemical classification of propylparaben is Allergens. Barium BARIUM is an element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous. gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Iodine Iodine is a nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically. Ethyl mercury (C2H5Hg+) Bisphenol A 4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol is a white to light brown flakes or powder. Has a weak medicine odor. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999) Bismuth BISMUTH is a metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, atomic number 83 and atomic weight 208.98. Strontium STRONTIUM is an element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62. Titanium TITANIUM is a dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts; atomic number, 22; atomic weight, 47.90; symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. (Dorland, 28th ed) Niobium Niobium. A metal element atomic number 41, atomic weight 92.906, symbol Nb. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Platinum Platinum. A heavy, soft, whitish metal, resembling tin, atomic number 78, atomic weight 195.09, symbol Pt. (From Dorland, 28th ed) PLATINUM is used in manufacturing equipment for laboratory and industrial use. It occurs as a black powder (platinum black) and as a spongy substance (spongy platinum) and may have been known in Pliny's time as "alutiae". Gadolinium Gadolinium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. GADOLINIUM has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. Neptunium Neptunium. A radioactive element of the actinide metals family. NEPTUNIUM has the atomic symbol Np, atomic number 93, and atomic weight 237. Plutonium Plutonium. A naturally radioactive element of the actinide metals series. It has the atomic symbol Pu, atomic number 94, and atomic weight 242. Plutonium is used as a nuclear fuel, to produce radioisotopes for research, in radionuclide batteries for pacemakers, and as the agent of fission in nuclear weapons. 1-hydroxypyrene PCB52 Oxybenzone Oxybenzone is a benzophenone derivative used as a sunscreen agent. Oxybenzone absorbs UVB and UVA II rays, resulting in a photochemical excitation and absorption of energy. Upon return to ground state, the absorbed energy results in emission of longer wavelength radiation and decreased skin penetration of radiation which reduces the risk of DNA damage. 2-hydroxyfluorene PCB118 PCB101 4-hydroxybenzophenone Benzyl paraben Benzylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of benzylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. The chemical classification of benzylparaben is Allergens. Heptyl paraben Mirex N-Acetyl-S- (2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine Chloroform CHLOROFORM is a commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity. Perfluorodecanoic acid Perfluorooctanoic acid 3,4-Dihydroxy benzoic acid Antimalarial A drug used in the treatment of malaria. Antimalarials are usually classified on the basis of their action against Plasmodia at different stages in their life cycle in the human. Perfluorononanoic acid 3-Chlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: White crystals with an odor of phenol. Sinks in and slowly dissolves in water. (NTP, 1992) Cis-Chlordane Trans-Chlordane alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid Perfluoroalkyls are stable, synthetic chemicals. Perfluoroalkyls are unique because they repel oil, grease, and water. The two perfluoroalkyls made in the largest amounts in the U. S. areperflurooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS). Perfluoroalkyls have been used in surface protection products such as carpet and clothing treatments and coating for paper and cardboard packaging. They have also been used in fire-fighting foams. Perfluorobutanoic acid (15Z)-tetracosenoic acid A tetracosenoic acid having a cis-double bond at position 15. 2-Chlorophenol 2-chlorophenol is a colorless to amber liquid with an unpleasant, penetrating odor. Density 1.265 g / cm3. Sinks in water and slowly dissolves. Freezing point 7°C (46°F). Boiling point 175°C (347°F). Triclocarban Triclocarban is a triclosan analogue with an antibacterial property. Triclocarban exerts its effect by inhibiting the activity of enoyl-(acyl-carrier protein) (ACP) reductase, widely distributed in bacteria, fungi and plants. ACP reductase catalyses the last step in each cycle of fatty acid elongation in the type II fatty acid synthase systems. As a result, this agent interrupts cell membrane synthesis and leads to bacterial growth inhibition. Dimethylarsinic Acid Methyl mercury (CH3Hg+) Arsenous ( III) Acid cis-vaccenic acid The cis isomer of vaccenic acid. 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Leaflets (from ligroin) or light beige powder. (NTP, 1992) all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid An icosatrienoic acid having three cis double bonds at positions 8, 11 and 14. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid The all-cis-isomer of a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five double bonds in the 7-, 10-, 13-, 16- and 19-positions. Hexachlorobenzene Cotinine The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties. monoethyl phthalate (DEP) Hydroxycotinine Hydroxycotinine (total) Trans-Nonachlor Arsenobetaine Perfluoro-n-pentanoic acid Perfluorohexanoic acid N-methyl Perfluorooctane sulfonamido acetic acid mono-n-butylphthalate (BzBP, DnBP) Butyl paraben Butylparaben is a Standardized Chemical Allergen. The physiologic effect of butylparaben is by means of Increased Histamine Release, and Cell-mediated Immunity. The chemical classification of butylparaben is Allergens. 3-hydroxyfluorene mono-methyl phthalate chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone The heaviness or degree to which an entire organism's body is drawn to the earth by gravity. EFO:0004338 body weight clinical_measurement_ontology body mass CMO:0000012 Weight body weight The resulting Force from the interaction between a person's Mass and Gravity. CMO:0000012 The heaviness or degree to which an entire organism's body is drawn to the earth by gravity. Dorland:Dorlands_Illustrated_Medical_Dictionary--31st_Ed ISBN:978-1416049982 chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone A measurement relating body weight to height in an organism; typically calculated as the weight of an individual divided by the height of that individual squared. For quadrupeds, the square of body height is often replaced by the square of body length. EFO:0004340 EFO:0005851 EFO:0005935 EFO:0005936 EFO:0005937 EFO:0007041 body mass index height-adjusted body mass index longitudinal BMI measurement overweight body mass index status underweight body mass index status clinical_measurement_ontology BMI obese body mass index status CMO:0000105 Body Mass Index body mass index (BMI) A measurement relating body weight to height in an organism; typically calculated as the weight of an individual divided by the height of that individual squared. For quadrupeds, the square of body height is often replaced by the square of body length Should we note that this is derived from height and weight? JS: I think so CMO:0000105 A measurement relating body weight to height in an organism; typically calculated as the weight of an individual divided by the height of that individual squared. For quadrupeds, the square of body height is often replaced by the square of body length. http://www.medicinenet.com Sickle Cell Anemia A blood protein disease that is characterized by low number of red blood cells, repeated infections, and periodic episodes of pain, resulting from atypical hemoglobin molecules called hemoglobin S, which can distort red blood cells into a sickle, or crescent, shape. Malaria A parasitic protozoa infectious disease characterized as a vector-borne infectious disease caused by the presence of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium in the red blood cells, transmitted from an infected to an uninfected individual by the bite of anopheline mosquitoes, and characterized by periodic attacks of chills and fever that coincide with mass destruction of blood cells and the release of toxic substances by the parasite at the end of each reproductive cycle. Cerebral Malaria A parasitic protozoa infectious disease characterized as a vector-borne infectious disease caused by the presence of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium in the red blood cells, transmitted from an infected to an uninfected individual by the bite of anopheline mosquitoes, and characterized by periodic attacks of chills and fever that coincide with mass destruction of blood cells and the release of toxic substances by the parasite at the end of each reproductive cycle. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Occupation An individual attribute that is the usual or principal work or business of an individual. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Education The act or process of imparting or acquiring knowledge. Smoking Status An indication of a person's current tobacco and nicotine consumption as well as some indication of smoking history We need to discuss this entire hierarchy. true Retinopathy Any noninflammatory disease of the retina. This nonspecific term is retained here because of its wide use in the literature, but if possible new annotations should indicate the precise type of retinal abnormality. Seizures Seizures are an intermittent abnormality of the central nervous system due to a sudden, excessive, disorderly discharge of cerebral neurons and characterized clinically by some combination of disturbance of sensation, loss of consciousness, impairment of psychic function, or convulsive movements. The term epilepsy is used to describe chronic, recurrent seizures. Coma Complete absence of wakefulness and content of conscience, which manifests itself as a lack of response to any kind of external stimuli. Obese Anemia A reduction in erythrocytes volume or hemoglobin concentration. Fever Elevated body temperature due to failed thermoregulation. Increased Body Weight BMI > 25 Overweight Underweight BMI < 18.5 IAO:0000028 symbol a serial number such as "12324X" a stop sign a written proper name such as "OBI" An information content entity that is a mark(s) or character(s) used as a conventional representation of another entity. 20091104, MC: this needs work and will most probably change 2014-03-31: We would like to have a deeper analysis of 'mark' and 'sign' in the future (see https://github.com/information-artifact-ontology/IAO/issues/154). PERSON: James A. Overton PERSON: Jonathan Rees based on Oxford English Dictionary symbol symbol This document is about information artifacts and their representations is_about is a (currently) primitive relation that relates an information artifact to an entity. 7/6/2009 Alan Ruttenberg. Following discussion with Jonathan Rees, and introduction of "mentions" relation. Weaken the is_about relationship to be primitive. We will try to build it back up by elaborating the various subproperties that are more precisely defined. Some currently missing phenomena that should be considered "about" are predications - "The only person who knows the answer is sitting beside me" , Allegory, Satire, and other literary forms that can be topical without explicitly mentioning the topic. person:Alan Ruttenberg Smith, Ceusters, Ruttenberg, 2000 years of philosophy is about A person's name denotes the person. A variable name in a computer program denotes some piece of memory. Lexically equivalent strings can denote different things, for instance "Alan" can denote different people. In each case of use, there is a case of the denotation relation obtaining, between "Alan" and the person that is being named. denotes is a primitive, instance-level, relation obtaining between an information content entity and some portion of reality. Denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something. The only relation between E and the thing is that E can be used to 'pick out' the thing. This relation connects those two together. Freedictionary.com sense 3: To signify directly; refer to specifically 2009-11-10 Alan Ruttenberg. Old definition said the following to emphasize the generic nature of this relation. We no longer have 'specifically denotes', which would have been primitive, so make this relation primitive. g denotes r =def r is a portion of reality there is some c that is a concretization of g every c that is a concretization of g specifically denotes r person:Alan Ruttenberg Conversations with Barry Smith, Werner Ceusters, Bjoern Peters, Michel Dumontier, Melanie Courtot, James Malone, Bill Hogan denotes chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Teenager An individual between the ages of 13 and 19. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone African American A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. Terms such as "Haitian" or "Negro" can be used in addition to "Black or African American". chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. The term “Spanish origin” can also be used in addition to “Hispanic or Latino.” chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone American Indian Or AlaskanNative A person having origins in any of the original peoples of North and South America (including Central America) and who maintains tribal affiliation or community attachment. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Asian A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent, including for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone White A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. Medication A drug product that contains one or more active and/or inactive ingredients; it is intended to treat, prevent or alleviate the symptoms of disease. This term does not refer to the individual ingredients that make up the product. Married Indicates a person currently joined in a legally binding matrimonial union. Classify common law marriage as married. Includes married couples living together and not living together. Never Married Indicates a person who has never been married or whose marriages have been annulled. Widowed Indicates a person who is no longer married because of the death of his/her spouse and has not remarried. Divorced Indicates a person whose marriage has been legally dissolved and has not remarried. Separated Indicates a person living apart from his/her spouse by legal arrangement. Full Time Employment Employed for a standard number of hours of working time, at least 50% or 20 hours per week. Domestic Partnership Indicates a person who is a member of an unmarried couple, including same sex couples, living together in longstanding relationships, that are registered or unregistered. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Multiracial Having ancestors of several or various races. Not part of current prov for Race. Should we remove this concept? chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Some College Indicates that a person has attended college but that they did not receive any degree. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Household Income A demographic parameter indicating the amount of earnings made by a family. Homemaker A person who manages a home as their main daily activity. Student Part Time Employment Employment involving less than the standard or customary working time. Unemployment The state of not having a job. Annulled A marital status in which a voidable marriage is legally declared null and void, as though it never existed. Specific grounds for annullment vary within the presiding jurisdiction, whether geographic or religious. Interlocutory Marital Status The condition existing when an order or judgement is considered temporary until either a specified period of time has passed or specific information is provided to assist in rendering a permanent decision. Polygamous A type of living arrangement or mating system in which at least one member of a relationship has more than one mate. chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Childhood A time period that begins at the beginning of the human embryonic stage and continues until the end of adolescence. is_supported_by_data The relation between the conclusion "Gene tpbA is involved in EPS production" and the data items produced using two sets of organisms, one being a tpbA knockout, the other being tpbA wildtype tested in polysacharide production assays and analyzed using an ANOVA. The relation between a data item and a conclusion where the conclusion is the output of a data interpreting process and the data item is used as an input to that process OBI OBI Philly 2011 workshop is_supported_by_data has_specified_input has_specified_input see is_input_of example_of_usage A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. 8/17/09: specified inputs of one process are not necessarily specified inputs of a larger process that it is part of. This is in contrast to how 'has participant' works. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Coutot has_specified_input is_specified_input_of some Autologous EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)-transformed B-LCL (B lymphocyte cell line) is_input_for instance of Chromum Release Assay described at https://wiki.cbil.upenn.edu/obiwiki/index.php/Chromium_Release_assay A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process that is not created during the process. The presence of the continuant during the process is explicitly specified in the plan specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_input_of has_specified_output has_specified_output A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PERSON: Bjoern Peters PERSON: Larry Hunter PERSON: Melanie Courtot has_specified_output is_specified_output_of is_specified_output_of A relation between a planned process and a continuant participating in that process. The presence of the continuant at the end of the process is explicitly specified in the objective specification which the process realizes the concretization of. Alan Ruttenberg PERSON:Bjoern Peters is_specified_output_of achieves_planned_objective A cell sorting process achieves the objective specification 'material separation objective' This relation obtains between a planned process and a objective specification when the criteria specified in the objective specification are met at the end of the planned process. BP, AR, PPPB branch PPPB branch derived modified according to email thread from 1/23/09 in accordince with DT and PPPB branch achieves_planned_objective has grain the relation of the cells in the finger of the skin to the finger, in which an indeterminate number of grains are parts of the whole by virtue of being grains in a collective that is part of the whole, and in which removing one granular part does not nec- essarily damage or diminish the whole. Ontological Whether there is a fixed, or nearly fixed number of parts - e.g. fingers of the hand, chambers of the heart, or wheels of a car - such that there can be a notion of a single one being missing, or whether, by contrast, the number of parts is indeterminate - e.g., cells in the skin of the hand, red cells in blood, or rubber molecules in the tread of the tire of the wheel of the car. Discussion in Karslruhe with, among others, Alan Rector, Stefan Schulz, Marijke Keet, Melanie Courtot, and Alan Ruttenberg. Definition take from the definition of granular parthood in the cited paper. Needs work to put into standard form PERSON: Alan Ruttenberg PAPER: Granularity, scale and collectivity: When size does and does not matter, Alan Rector, Jeremy Rogers, Thomas Bittner, Journal of Biomedical Informatics 39 (2006) 333-349 has grain has value specification A relation between an information content entity and a value specification that specifies its value. PERSON: James A. Overton OBI has value specification Hospitalization Admission to a hospital chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Parity The number of time that a viviparous organism has given birth inheres in this fragility inheres in this vase this red color inheres in this apple a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the dependent) and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the dependent specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A dependent inheres in its bearer at all times for which the dependent exists. inheres_in inheres in has participant this blood coagulation has participant this blood clot this investigation has participant this investigator this process has participant this input material (or this output material) a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process Has_participant is a primitive instance-level relation between a process, a continuant, and a time at which the continuant participates in some way in the process. The relation obtains, for example, when this particular process of oxygen exchange across this particular alveolar membrane has_participant this particular sample of hemoglobin at this particular time. has_participant http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/#OBO_REL:has_participant has participant this catalysis function is a function of this enzyme a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A function inheres in its bearer at all times for which the function exists, however the function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. function_of is function of function of this investigator role is a role of this person a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A role inheres in its bearer at all times for which the role exists, however the role need not be realized at all the times that the role exists. is role of role_of role of this enzyme has function this catalysis function (more colloquially: this enzyme has this catalysis function) a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence A bearer can have many functions, and its functions can exist for different periods of time, but none of its functions can exist when the bearer does not exist. A function need not be realized at all the times that the function exists. has_function has function derives from this cell derives from this parent cell (cell division) this nucleus derives from this parent nucleus (nuclear division) a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity This is a very general relation. More specific relations are preferred when applicable, such as 'directly develops from'. derives_from derives from true property to indicate that a design declares a variable; the inverse property is 'is declared by' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra declares property to indicate the variables declared by a design; the inverse property is 'declares' Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra is declared by the relationship between a fraction and the number above the line Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB has numerator relationship between a planned process and the plan specification that it carries out; it is defined as equivalent to the composed relationship (realizes o concretizes) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB executes Inverse relation of 'denotes', where denotation is what happens when someone creates an information content entity E in order to specifically refer to something (from 'denotes' definition). Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra is denoted by the relationship between a fraction and the number below the line (or divisor) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra AGB has denominator has effect on has order in sequence Relationship between a parameter of a model and the estimate produced by estimation process as used in statistical modeling. estimate of computed_from is a relation between 2 information content entity denoting how one is derived from another on through the application of a data transformation or computation process. computed from true m metre "A length unit which is equal to the length of the path traveled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299 792 458 of a second." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] meter kg "A mass unit which is equal to the mass of the International Prototype Kilogram kept by the BIPM at Svres, France." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] kilogram s "A time unit which is equal to the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] second A "An electric current unit which is equal to the constant current which, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, of negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 m apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 x 10^[-7] newton per meter of length." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] ampere K "A thermodynamic temperature unit which is equal to the fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] kelvin mol "A substance unit which is equal to the amount of substance of a molecular system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] mole cd "A luminous intensity unit which equal to the luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 1012 hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian." [BIPM:BIPM, NIST:NIST] candela centimetre cm "A length unit which is equal to one hundredth of a meter or 10^[-2] m." [NIST:NIST] centimeter millimetre mm "A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of a meter or 10^[-3] m." [NIST:NIST] millimeter micrometre micron um "A length unit which is equal to one millionth of a meter or 10^[-6] m." [NIST:NIST] micrometer nanometre nm "A length unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a meter or 10^[-9] m." [NIST:NIST] nanometer Å "A length unit which is equal to 10 [-10] m." [NIST:NIST] angstrom picometre pm "A length unit which is equal to 10^[-12] m." [NIST:NIST] picometer g "A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of a kilogram or 10^[-3] kg." [NIST:NIST] gram mg "A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of a gram or 10^[-3] g." [UOC:GVG] milligram ug "A mass unit which is equal to one millionth of a gram or 10^[-6] g." [UOC:GVG] microgram ng "A mass unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a gram or 10^[-9] g." [UOC:GVG] nanogram pg "A mass unit which is equal to 10^[-12] g." [UOC:GVG] picogram fg "A mass unit which is equal to 10^[-15] g." [NIST:NIST] femtogram C "A temperature unit which is equal to one kelvin degree. However, they have their zeros at different points. The centigrade scale has its zero at 273.15 K." [NIST:NIST] degree Celsius ms "A time unit which is equal to one thousandth of a second or 10^[-3] s." [NIST:NIST] millisecond us "A time unit which is equal to one millionth of a second or 10^[-6] s." [NIST:NIST] microsecond ps "A time unit which is equal to 10^[-12] s." [NIST:NIST] picosecond min "A time unit which is equal to 60 seconds." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] minute h "A time unit which is equal to 3600 seconds or 60 minutes." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] hour "A time unit which is equal to 24 hours." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] day "A time unit which is equal to 7 days." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] week "A time unit which is approximately equal to the length of time of one of cycle of the moon's phases which in science is taken to be equal to 30 days." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] month "A time unit which is equal to 12 months which in science is taken to be equal to 365.25 days." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] year mA "An electric current unit current which is equal to one thousandth of an ampere or 10^[-3] A." [UOC:GVG] milliampere uA "An electric current unit current which is equal to one millionth of an ampere or 10^[-6] A." [UOC:GVG] microampere umol "A substance unit equal to a millionth of a mol or 10^[-6] mol." [NIST:NIST] micromole mmol "A substance unit equal to a thousandth of a mol or 10^[-3] mol." [NIST:NIST] millimole nmol "A substance unit equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a mole or 10^[-9] mol." [NIST:NIST] nanomole pmol "A substance unit equal to 10^[-12] mol." [NIST:NIST] picomole fmol "A substance unit equal to 10^[-15] mol." [NIST:NIST] femtomole amol "A substance unit equal to 10^[-18] mol." [NIST:NIST] attomole mass per unit volume "A density unit which is a standard measure of the mass of a substance in a given volume." [UOC:GVG] mass density unit mass per unit area unit "A density unit which is a standard measure of the mass exerting an influence on a given area." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] area density unit M "A unit of concentration which expresses a concentration of 1 mole of solute per liter of solution (mol/L)." [UOC:GVG] molar mM "A unit of molarity which is equal to one thousandth of a molar or 10^[-3] M." [UOC:GVG] millimolar uM "A unit of molarity which is equal to one millionth of a molar or 10^[-6] M." [UOC:GVG] micromolar nM "A unit of molarity which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a molar or 10^[-9] M." [UOC:GVG] nanomolar pM "A unit of molarity which is equal to 10^[-12] M." [UOC:GVG] picomolar m "A unit of concentration which expresses a concentration of a solution of 1 mole per kilogram of solvent (mol/kg)." [UOC:GVG] molal mm "A molality unit which is equal to one thousandth of a molal or 10^[-3] m." [UOC:GVG] millimolal um "A molality unit which is equal to one millionth of a molal or 10^[-6] m." [UOC:GVG] micromolal nm "A molality unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a molal or 10^[-9] m." [UOC:GVG] nanomolal pm "A molality unit which is equal to 10^[-12] m." [UOC:GVG] picomolal fM "A unit of molarity which is equal to 10^[-15] M." [UOC:GVG] femtomolar N "A unit of concentration which is one gram equivalent of a solute per liter of solution. A gram equivalent weight or equivalent is a measure of the reactive capacity of a given molecule." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] normal (x) chi "A concentration unit which denotes the number of moles of solute as a proportion of the total number of moles in a solution." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] mole fraction m/s^[2] metre per second per second "An acceleration unit which is equal to the acceleration an object changing its velocity by 1meter/s over a time period that equals one second." [NIST:NIST] meter per second per second alpha rad/s^[2] "An angular unit acceleration which is equal to the angular acceleration of an object changing its angular velocity by 1rad/s over a time period that equals one second." [NIST:NIST] radian per second per second rad/s "An angular unit velocity which is equal to about 9.54930 rpm (revolutions per minute)." [NIST:NIST] radian per second m^[2] square metre "An area unit which is equal to an area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 meter long." [NIST:NIST] square meter cm^[2] square centimetre "An area unit which is equal to one ten thousandth of a square meter or 10^[-4] m^[2]." [NIST:NIST] square centimeter mm^[2] square millimetre "An area unit which is equal to one millionth of a square meter or 10^[-6] m^[2]." [NIST:NIST] square millimeter kg/m^[3] kilogram per cubic metre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in kilograms divided by the volume in cubic meters." [UOC:GVG] kilogram per cubic meter g/cm^[3] gram per cubic centimetre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in cubic centimeters." [UOC:GVG] gram per cubic centimeter candela per square metre cd/m^[2] "A luminance unit which is equal to a luminous intensity of one candela radiating from a surface whose area is one square meter." [NIST:NIST] candela per square meter kg/m^[2] kilogram per square metre "An area density unit which is equal to the mass of an object in kilograms divided by the surface area in meters squared." [NIST:NIST] kilogram per square meter kg/mol "A molar mass unit which is equal to one kilogram of mass of one mole of chemical element or chemical compound." [NIST:NIST] kilogram per mole g/mol "A molar mass unit which is equal to one gram of mass of one mole of chemical element or chemical compound." [NIST:NIST] gram per mole cubic metre per mole m^[3]/mol "A molar volume unit which is equal to 1 cubic meter occupied by one mole of a substance in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas." [NIST:NIST] cubic meter per mole cm^[3]/mol cubic centimetre per mole "A molar volume unit which is equal to 1 cubic centimeter occupied by one mole of a substance in the form of a solid, liquid, or gas." [NIST:NIST] cubic centimeter per mole kg.m/s kilogram metre per second "A momentum unit which is equal to the momentum of a one kilogram mass object with a speed of one meter per second." [NIST:NIST] kilogram meter per second 1/s one turn per second "A rotational frequency unit which is equal to the number complete turn in a period of time that equals to 1 second." [NIST:NIST] turns per second cubic metre per kilogram m^[3]/kg "A specific volume unit which is equal to one cubic meter volume occupied by one kilogram of a particular substance." [NIST:NIST] cubic meter per kilogram m/s metre per second "A speed/velocity unit which is equal to the speed of an object traveling 1 meter distance in one second." [NIST:NIST] meter per second cubic metre m^[3] "A volume unit which is equal to the volume of a cube with edges one meter in length. One cubic meter equals to 1000 liters." [NIST:NIST] cubic meter cc cm^3 cubic centimetre "A volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a cubic meter or 10^[-9] m^[3], or to 1 ml." [NIST:NIST] cubic centimeter millilitre ml "A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of a liter or 10^[-3] L, or to 1 cubic centimeter." [NIST:NIST] milliliter L l litre "A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of a cubic meter or 10^[-3] m^[3], or to 1 decimeter." [NIST:NIST] liter cubic decimetre dm^[3] "A volume unit which is equal to one thousand of a cubic meter or 10^[-3] m^[3], or to 1 L." [NIST:NIST] cubic decimeter microlitre ul "A volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter or 10^[-6] L." [NIST:NIST] microliter nanolitre nl "A volume unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a liter or 10^[-9] L." [NIST:NIST] nanoliter picolitre pl "A volume unit which is equal to 10^[-12] L." [NIST:NIST] picoliter femtolitre fl "A volume unit which is equal to 10^[-15] L." [NIST:NIST] femtoliter Hz s^1 "A frequency unit which is equal to 1 complete cycle of a recurring phenomenon in 1 second." [NIST:NIST] hertz N "A force unit which is equal to the force required to cause an acceleration of 1m/s2 of a mass of 1 Kg in the direction of the force." [NIST:NIST] newton Pa "A pressure unit which is equal to the pressure or stress on a surface caused by a force of 1 newton spread over a surface of 1 m^[2]." [NIST:NIST] pascal J "An energy unit which is equal to the energy required when a force of 1 newton moves an object 1 meter in the direction of the force." [NIST:NIST] joule W "A power unit which is equal to the power used when work is done at the rate of 1 joule per second." [NIST:NIST] watt lx "An illuminance unit which is equal to the illuminance produced by 1 lumen evenly spread over an area 1 m^[2]." [NIST:NIST] lux lm "A luminous flux unit which is equal to the luminous flux emitted into 1 steradian by a point source of 1 candela." [NIST:NIST] lumen kat "A catalytic unit activity which is equal to the activity of a catalyst in moles per second, such as the amount of an enzyme needed to transform one mole of substrate per second." [NIST:NIST] katal rad "A plane angle unit which is equal to the angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc equal in length to the radius of the circle, approximately 57 degrees 17 minutes and 44.6 seconds." [NIST:NIST] radian sr "A solid angle unit which is equal to the solid angle subtended at the center of a sphere by an area on the surface of the sphere that is equal to the radius squared." [NIST:NIST] steradian Bq "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second or there is one atom disintegration per second (dps)." [NIST:NIST] becquerel Ci "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which there are 3.7 x 10^[10] atom disintegration per second (dps)." [ORCBS:ORCBS] curie Gy "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to the absorption of one joule of radiation energy by one kilogram of matter." [NIST:NIST] Gray gray "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to 0.01 gray (Gy)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] rad R "An exposure unit which is equal to the amount of radiation required to liberate positive and negative charges of one electrostatic unit of charge in 1 cm^[3] of air at standard temperature and pressure (STP). This corresponds to the generation of approximately 2.0810^[9] ion pairs." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] roentgen Sv "A dose equivalent unit which is equal to the absorption of one joule of radiation energy by one kilogram of matter." [NIST:NIST] sievert mSv "A dose equivalent unit which is equal to one thousandth of a sievert or 10^[-3] Sv." [NIST:NIST] millisievert uSv "A dose equivalent unit which is equal to one millionth of a sievert or 10^[-6] Sv." [NIST:NIST] microsievert rem "A dose equivalent unit which when multiplied by hundred is equal to one sievert or 1 Sv. 1 Sv is equal to 100 rem." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] Roentgen equivalent man uGy "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to one millionth of a gray or 10^[-6] Gy." [NIST:NIST] microgray mGy "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to one thousandth of a gray or 10^[-3] Gy." [NIST:NIST] milligray nGy "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to one thousandth of a millionth of a gray or 10^[-9] Gy." [NIST:NIST] nanogray nSv "A dose equivalent unit which is equal to one thousandth of a millionth of a sievert or 10^[-9] Sv." [NIST:NIST] nanosievert mCi "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to one thousandth of a curie or 10^[-3] Ci." [ORCBS:ORCBS] millicurie uCi "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to one millionth of a curie or 10^[-6] Ci." [ORCBS:ORCBS] microcurie dpm "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per minute or there is one atom disintegration per minute." [ORCBS:ORCBS] disintegrations per minute cpm "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to the number of light emissions produced by ionizing radiation in one minute." [ORCBS:ORCBS] counts per minute ns "A time unit which is equal to one thousandth of one millionth of a second or 10^[-9] s." [NIST:NIST] nanosecond "A time unit which is equal to 100 years." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] century "A time unit which represents the period over which the activity or concentration of a specified chemical or element falls to half its original activity or concentration." [MGED:MGED] half life ft-c "An illuminance unit which is equal to the illuminance produced by 1 lumen evenly spread over an area 1 foot^[2]. One footcandle is equal to 10.76 lux." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] foot candle W/m^[2] watt per square metre "An irradiance unit which is equal to 1 watt of radiant power incident per one square meter surface area." [NIST:NIST] watt per square meter einstein per square metre per second einstein/sm^[2] mole per second and square meter mol/sm^2 "An irradiance unit which is equal to one einstein per square meter per second. One einstein is one mole of photons, regardless of their frequency. Therefore, the number of photons in an einstein is Avogadro's number." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] einstein per square meter per second W/sr m^[2] watt per steradian per square metre "A radiance unit which is equal to one watt of radiant power incident per steradian solid angle per one square meter projected area of the source, as viewed from the given direction." [NIST:NIST] watt per steradian per square meter microeinstein per square metre per second micromole per second and square meter mmol/sm^2 umicroeinstein/sm^[2] "An irradiance unit which is equal to one microeinstein per square meter per second or 10^[-6] microeinstein/sm^[2]." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] microeinstein per square meter per second W/sr "A radiant intensity unit which is equal to one kilogram meter squared per second cubed per steradian." [NIST:NIST] watt per steradian w/w weight-weight percentage "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the mass of a substance in a mixture as a percentage of the mass of the entire mixture." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] mass percentage (w/v) weight-volume percentage "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the mass of the substance in a mixture as a percentage of the volume of the entire mixture." [UOC:GVG] mass volume percentage % (v/v) "A dimensionless concentration unit which denotes the volume of the solute in mL per 100 mL of the resulting solution." [UOC:GVG] volume percentage 10^[-2] pph "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 100 regardless of the units of measure as long as they are the same." [UOC:GVG] parts per hundred 10^[-3] ppth "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 1000 regardless of the units of measure as long as they are the same." [UOC:GVG] parts per thousand 10^[-6] ppm "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 1,000,000 regardless of the units of measure used as long as they are the same or 1 part in 10^[6]." [UOC:GVG] parts per million 10^[-9] ppb "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 1,000,000,000 regardless of the units of measure as long as they are the same or 1 part in 10^[9]." [UOC:GVG] parts per billion 10^[-12] ppt "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 1,000,000,000 regardless of the units of measure used as long as they are the same or 1 part in 10^[12]." [UOC:GVG] parts per trillion 10^[-15] ppq "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the amount of a given substance in a total amount of 1,000,000,000,000 regardless of the units of measure used as long as they are the same or 1 part in 10^[15]." [UOC:GVG] parts per quadrillion g/ml gram per millilitre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in milliliter." [UOC:GVG] gram per milliliter kg/L kilogram per litre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in kilograms divided by the volume in liters." [UOC:GVG] kilogram per liter g/L gram per litre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in liters." [UOC:GVG] gram per liter mg/ml milligram per millilitre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in milliliters." [UOC:GVG] milligram per milliliter U/ml unit per millilitre "A unit per milliliter unit which is equal to one unit of an agreed arbitrary amount per one milliliter." [Webmd:Webmd] unit per milliliter U/l unit per litre "A unit per milliliter unit which is equal to one unit of an agreed arbitrary amount per one liter." [UOC:GVG] unit per liter "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the mass of a substance in a given volume (density)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] mass per unit volume U "A catalytic unit activity which is equal to the amount of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1 micro mole of substrate per minute." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] enzyme unit kg/m kilogram per metre "An area density unit which is equal to the mass of an object in kilograms divided by one meter." [NIST:NIST] kilogram per meter "A plane angle unit which is equal to 1/360 of a full rotation or 1.7453310^[-2] rad." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] degree % "A dimensionless ratio unit which denotes numbers as fractions of 100." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] percent "A dimensionless unit which denoted an irrational real number, approximately equal to 3.14159 which is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter in Euclidean geometry." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pi count "A dimensionless unit which denotes a simple count of things." [MGED:MGED] count unit "A dimensionless count unit which denotes the number of molecules." [MGED:MGED] molecule count "A dimensionless percent unit which denotes the homogeneity of a biomaterial." [MGED:MGED] purity percentage "A dimensionless percent unit which denotes the density of an attached or monolayer culture (e.g., cell culture)." [MGED:MGED] confluence percentage F "A temperature unit which is equal to 5/9ths of a kelvin. Negative 40 degrees Fahrenheit is equal to negative 40 degrees Celsius." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] degree Fahrenheit "A dimensionless concentration notation which denotes the acidity of a solution in terms of activity of hydrogen ions (H+)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pH l/kg litre per kilogram "A specific volume unit which is equal to one liter volume occupied by one kilogram of a particular substance." [NIST:NIST] liter per kilogram millilitre per kilogram ml/kg "A specific volume unit which is equal to a thousandth of a liter per kilogram or 10^[-3] l/kg." [NIST:NIST] milliliter per kilogram microlitre per kilogram ul/kg "A specific volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter per kilogram or 10^[-6] l/kg." [NIST:NIST] microliter per kilogram cells per millilitre cells per ml "A unit of cell concentration which is equal to one cell in a volume of 1 milliliter." [Bioedonline:Bioedonline] cells per milliliter kat/m^[3] katal per cubic metre "A catalytic (activity) concentration unit which is equal to 1 katal activity of a catalyst in a given volume of one cubic meter." [NIST:NIST] katal per cubic meter kat/l katal per litre "A catalytic (activity) concentration unit which is equal to 1 katal activity of a catalyst in a given volume of one thousandth of a cubic meter." [NIST:NIST] katal per liter millilitre per cubic metre ml/m^[3] "A volume per unit volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter of solute in one cubic meter of solution." [NIST:NIST] milliliter per cubic meter millilitre per litre ml/l "A volume per unit volume unit which is equal to one millionth of a liter of solute in one liter of solution." [NIST:NIST] milliliter per liter g/dl gram per decilitre "A mass density unit which is equal to mass of an object in grams divided by the volume in deciliters." [UOC:GVG] gram per deciliter decilitre dl "A volume unit which is equal to one tenth of a liter or 10^[-1] L." [NIST:NIST] deciliter cfu "A dimensionless count unit which a measure of viable bacterial numbers." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] colony forming unit pfu "A dimensionless count unit which a measure of plaque forming units in a given volume." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] plaque forming unit cfu/ml colony forming unit per millilitre "A colony forming unit which a measure of viable bacterial numbers in one milliliter." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] colony forming unit per milliliter pfu/ml plaque forming unit per millilitre "A concentration unit which a measure of plaque forming units in one milliliter." [UOC:GVG] plaque forming unit per milliliter dps "An activity (of a radionuclide) unit which is equal to the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second or there is one atom disintegration per second." [ORCBS:ORCBS] disintegrations per second V "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to the work per unit charge. One volt is the potential difference required to move one coulomb of charge between two points in a circuit while using one joule of energy." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] volt C "An electrical charge unit which is equal to the amount of charge transferred by a current of 1 ampere in 1 second." [WordNet:WordNet] coulomb Da amu u unified atomic mass unit "An independently to the base SI units defined mass unit which is equal to one twelfth of the mass of an unbound atom of the carbon-12 nuclide, at rest and in its ground state." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] dalton kDa "A mass unit which is equal to one thousand daltons." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] kilodalton Wh "An energy unit which is equal to the amount of electrical energy equivalent to a one-watt load drawing power for one hour." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] watt-hour "An energy unit which is equal to 1,000 watt-hours." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] kilowatt-hour V s Wb volt-second "A magnetic flux unit which is equal to the amount of flux that when linked with a single turn of wire for an interval of one second will induce an electromotive force of one volt." [ScienceLobby:ScienceLobby] weber B "A unit which is a standard measure of the strength of a magnetic field." [allnet:allnet] magnetic flux density unit T Wb/m2 "A magnetic flux density unit which is equal to one weber per square meter." [WordNet:WordNet] tesla Vh "A magnetic flux unit which is equal to 3600 Wb." [UOC:GVG] volt-hour kVh "A magnetic flux unit which is equal to one thousand volt-hours." [UOC:GVG] kilovolt-hour "An information unit which refers to a digit in the binary numeral system, which consists of base 2 digits (ie there are only 2 possible values: 0 or 1)." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] bit B "An information unit which is equal to 8 bits." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] byte kB "An information unit which is equal to 1000 bytes." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] kilobyte MB "An information unit which is equal to 1000 kB." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] megabyte "An image resolution unit which is a standard measure of the amount of spatial detail in an image." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] chroma sampling unit "An image resolution unit which is a standard measure of the amount of contrast available in a pixel." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] dynamic range unit dpi "A spatial resolution unit which is a standard measure of the printing resolution, in particular the number of individual dots of ink a printer or toner can produce within a linear one-inch space." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] dots per inch micrometer pixel "A spatial resolution unit which is equal to a pixel size of one micrometer." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] micron pixel pixel density ppi "A spatial resolution unit which is a standard measure of the resolution of a computer display, related to the size of the display in inches and the total number of pixels in the horizontal and vertical directions." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pixels per inch pixels per millimetre "A spatial resolution unit which is a standard measure of the number of pixels in one millimeter length or width of a digital image divided by the physical length or width of a printed image." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pixels per millimeter basepair bp "A count unit which contains one nucleotide." [UO:GVG] base pair KiB "An information unit which is equal to 1024 B." [NIST:NIST] kibibyte MiB "An information unit which is equal to 1024 KiB." [NIST:NIST] mebibyte mV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one thousandth of a volt or 10^[-3] V." [UOC:GVG] millivolt kV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one thousand volts or 10^[3] V." [UOC:GVG] kilovolt uV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one millionth of a volt or 10^[-6] V." [UOC:GVG] microvolt nV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one billionth of a volt or 10^[-12] V." [UOC:GVG] nanovolt pV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one trillionth of a volt or 10^[-12] V." [UOC:GVG] picovolt MV "An electric potential difference unit which is equal to one million volts or 10^[6] V." [UOC:GVG] megavolt N/m newton per metre "A surface tension unit which is equal to one newton per meter." [NIST:NIST] newton per meter dyn/cm "A surface tension unit which is equal to one dyne per centimeter." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] dyne per cm Pa s "A viscosity unit which is equal to one pascale per second." [NIST:NIST] pascal second P dyne s/cm^2 "A viscosity unit which is equal to one dyne second per square centimeter." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] poise dB "A ratio unit which is an indicator of sound power per unit area." [techtarget:techtarget] decibel "A unit which is a standard measure of the estimate of the stochastic effect that a non-uniform radiation dose has on a human." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] effective dose unit A V^-1 mho S "An electrical conduction unit which is equal to A/V." [NIST:NIST] siemens W/m K watt per metre kelvin "An heat conduction unit which is equal to one watt divided by meter kelvin." [NIST:NIST] watt per meter kelvin eV electron volt "A non-SI unit of energy (eV) defined as the energy acquired by a single unbound electron when it passes through an electrostatic potential difference of one volt. An electronvolt is equal to 1.602 176 53(14) x 10^-19 J." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] electronvolt E-field strength "The electric field strength is a unit which is a measure of the potential difference between two points some distance apart." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field] electric field strength unit V/m volt per metre "The volt per meter is a unit of electric field strength equal to the a potential difference of 1 volt existing between two points that are 1 meter apart." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field] volt per meter AU "A dimensionless logarithmic unit assigned to a measure of absorbance of light through a partially absorbing substance, defined as -log10(I/I_0) where I = transmitted light and I_0 = incident light." [Wikipedia:http\://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbance] absorbance unit microlitres per minute uL/min "A volumetric flow rate unit which is equal to one microliter volume through a given surface in one minute." [UOC:GVG] microliters per minute millimeters of mercury mmHg "A unit of pressure equal to the amount of fluid pressure one millimeter deep in mercury at zero degrees centigrade on Earth." [url:en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mmHg] millimetres of mercury mg/L milligram per litre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in liters." [UOC:GVG] milligram per liter mcg/mL microgram per millilitre ug/ml µg/mL "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in millliters." [UOC:GVG] microgram per milliliter nanogram per millilitre ng/ml "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in nanograms divided by the volume in milliliters." [UOC:GVG] nanogram per milliliter mU/ml milliunits per millilitre "A unit per milliliter unit which is equal to one thousandth of a unit of an agreed arbitrary amount per one milliliter." [UOC:GVG] milliunits per milliliter nM^-1 s^-1 "A rate unit which is equal to one over one nanomolar second." [UOC:GVG] count per nanomolar second M^-1 s^-1 "A rate unit which is equal to one over one molar second." [UOC:GVG] count per molar second "An area density unit which is equal to the mass of an object in kilograms divided by the surface area in hectares." [UO:GVG] kilogram per hectare 1/nM nM^-1 "A rate unit which is equal to one over one nanomolar." [UO:GVG] count per nanomolar 1/M M^-1 "A rate unit which is equal to one over one molar." [UO:GVG] count per molar microgram per litre ug/L "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in liters." [UOC:GVG] microgram per liter "A dose unit which is equal to 1 milligram of a toxic or pharmaceutical substance per kilogram body weight of the recipient subject." [UO:PC] milligram per kilogram "A dose unit which is equal to 1 milligram of a toxic or pharmaceutical substance per square meter of surface area of the recipient subject." [UO:PC] milligram per square meter "A concentration unit which is a standard measure of the amount of a toxic or pharmaceutical substance administered over time to a recipient subject, expressed in terms of the size of the subject." [UO:PC] dosage unit "A dosage unit which is equal to 1 milligram per day of a toxic or pharmaceutical substance per kilogram body weight of the recipient subject." [UO:PC] milligram per kilogram per day "A derived unit which is a measure of relative light intensity, as typically measured by a luminometer, spectrophotometer, or fluorimeter in biological research applications." [UO:PC] relative light unit "A relative light unit which is a measure of relative luminescence intensity." [UO:PC] relative luminescence unit "A relative light unit which is a measure of relative fluorescence intensity." [UO:PC] relative fluorescence unit cells per microlitre cells per ul "A unit of cell concentration which is equal to one cell in a volume of 1 microliter." [UO:GVG] cells per microliter FNU "1000 formazin turbidity units (FNU) on the empirical formazin turbidity scale represents reflectance of insol. reaction products of 0.0725 g hydrazine sulfate with 0.7250 g hexamethylenetetramine diluted to 1 L." [AOAC:192] formazin nephelometric unit curie per litre "A unit of radioactivity concentration which is equal to one curie in a volume of 1 liter." [UO:GVG] curie per liter microcurie per millilitre "A unit of radioactivity concentration which is equal to one micro curie in a volume of 1 liter." [UO:GVG] microcurie per milliliter mH megahertz "A frequency unit which is equal to one million hertz or 10^[6] V." [UOC:GVG] megaHertz cM "A unit used to express distances on a genetic map. In genetic mapping, distances between markers are determined by measuring the rate of meoitic recombination between them, which increases proportionately with the distance separating them. A cM is defined as the length of an interval in which there is a 1% probability of recombination. On the average, 1 cM is roughly equivalent to 1 megabase (Mb) of DNA, although this can vary widely due to hot and cold spots of recombination." [NCBI:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SCIENCE96/Glossary.html] centiMorgan cR "A unit of genetic map distance defined corresponding to an interval in which there is a 1% probability of X-irradiation induced breakage. To be completely specified, the unit must be qualified by the radiation in dosage in rads (e.g. cR8000), because this determines the actual breakage probability." [NCBI:http\://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SCIENCE96/Glossary.html] centiRay kbp kilobasepair "A unit equal to one thousand base pairs." [UOC:GVG] kilo base pair kilobasepair Mb megabasepair "A unit equal to one million base pairs" [UOC:GVG] mega base pair megabasepair Gb gigabasepair "A unit equal to one billion base pairs." [UOC:GVG] giga base pair gigabasepair GB "An information unit which is equal to 1000000000 bytes." [UO:GVG] gigabyte TB "An information unit which is equal to 1000 gigabytes." [UO:GVG] terabyte square micrometre "An area unit which is equal to an area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 micrometer long." [NIST:NIST] square micrometer mS "An electrical conduction unit which is equal to one thousandth of a siemen or 10^[-3] siemens." [NIST:NIST] millisiemens "A specific concentration unit which is equal to 1 micromole in a given volume of one thousandth of a cubic meter." [NIST:NIST] micromole per litre "A specific concentration unit which is equal to 1 micromole of a given substance per kilogram of solvent." [UOB:LKSR] micromole per kilogram mm/day "A speed/velocity unit which is equal to the speed of an object traveling 1 millimeter distance in one day." [UOB:LKSR] millimeters per day kilometre per hour km/h "A speed/velocity unit which is equal to the speed of an object traveling 1 kilometer distance in one hour." [NIST:NIST] kilometer per hour mDa milli unified atomic mass unit millidalton mmu "A mass unit which is equal to 1/12 the mass of 12C" [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] milli HA "An area unit which is equal to an area of 10,000 square meters. Equivalent to 2.471 acres." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] hectare in "A length unit which is equal to 0.0254 metres." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] inch mil th "A length unit which is equal to 0.0254 millimetres." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] thou ft "A length unit which is equal to 0.3048 metres, or 12 inches." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] foot yd "A length unit which is equal to 0.9144 metres, or 3 feet." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] yard ch "A length unit which is equal to 20.1168 metres, 66 feet, or 22 yards." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] chain fur "A length unit which is equal to 20,116.8 metres, 660 feet, or 10 chains." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] furlong mi "A length unit which is equal to 1,609.344 metres, or 8 furlongs." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] mile lea "A length unit which is equal to 3 miles, or 4,828.032 metres" [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] league "A maritime length unit is one used primarily at sea." [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] maritime length unit ftm "A maritime length unit which is equal to 6.08 feet, or 1.853184 metres" [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] fathom "A maritime length unit which is equal to 608 feet, 100 fathoms, or 185.3184 metres" [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] cable "A maritime length unit which is equal to 6,080 feet, 10 cables, or 1,853.184 metres" [Wikipedia:Wikpiedia] nautical mile "An area unit which is equal to an area of 25.292,852,64 square meters, or 1 square rod." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] perch "An area unit which is equivalent to 1 furlong x 1 rod. This is equal to an area of 1,011.714,1056 square meters, or 40 square rods." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] rood "An area unit which is equivalent to 1 furlong x 1 chain. This is equal to an area of 4,046.856,4224 square meters, or 43,500 square feet." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] acre fl oz "An imperial volume unit which is equivalent to 28.413,0625 millilitres." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] fluid ounce gi "An imperial volume unit which is equivalent to 142.065,3125 millilitres." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] gill pt "An imperial volume unit which is equivalent to 568.261,25 millilitres." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pint qt "An imperial volume unit which is equivalent to 1,136.5225 millilitres, or two pints." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] quart gal "An imperial volume unit which is equivalent to 4,546.09 millilitres, or 8 pints." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] gallon gr "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 64.798,91 milligrams." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] grain dr "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 1.771,845,195,3125 grams, or 1/256 of 1 pound." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] drachm oz "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 28.349,523,125 grams, or 1/16 of 1 pound." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] ounce lb "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 453.592,37 grams." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] pound st "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 6,350.293,18 grams, or 14 pounds." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] stone qr qtr "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 12.700,586,36 kilograms, or 28 pounds." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] quarter cwt "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 50.802,345,44 kilograms, 112 pounds, or 8 stone." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] hundredweight t "An imperial mass unit which is equivalent to 1,016.046,9088 kilograms, or 2,240 pounds." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] ton "An imperial gravitational unit which is equivalent to a mass that accelerates by 1ft/s² when a force of one pound (lbf) is exerted on it." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] slug metric teaspoon tsp "A metric teaspoon is a unit of measurement of volume widely used in cooking recipes and pharmaceutic prescriptions. It equals a 5mL volume." [Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teaspoon] teaspoon "DEPRECATED: Duplicate of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UO_0000039. A substance unit which is equal to one millionth of a mole." [UOB:LTS] micromole g/m^[2] gram per square metre "An area density unit which is equal to the mass of an object in grams divided by the surface area in meters squared." [NIST:NIST] gram per square meter nanogram per microlitre ng/ul "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in nanograms divided by the volume in microliters." [UOB:LTS] nanogram per microliter big calorie cal calorie food calorie kcal kilocalorie "A unit of energy widely used in nutrition, equivalent to the amount of heat needed to cause one kilogram of water to rise in temperature by one degree Celsius." [Wikipedia:Wikipedia] large calorie micrograms per bottle "A unit of mass concentration defined as the number of micrograms of a substance per 250 ml Wheaton bottle." [UOB:LTS] micrograms per wheaton bottle pA "An electric current unit current which is equal to one trillionth of an ampere or 10^[-12] A." [UOB:LTS] picoampere cGy "An absorbed dose unit which is equal to 0.01 gray (Gy)" [NIST:NIST] centigray GeV "A unit of energy that is equal to one thousand million electronvolts." [] gigaelectronvolt GeV/nucleon "Derived unit which is equal to the total kinetic energy of an atomic nucleus in GeV divided by the number of nucleons in the nucleus" [] gigaelectronvolt per nucleon MeV/nucleon "Derived unit which is equal to the total kinetic energy of an atomic nucleus in MeV divided by the number of nucleons in the nucleus" [] megaelectronvolt per nucleon keV/micron "A derived unit equal to the energy deposited by ionizing radiation per micron of path length in matter" [] kiloelectronvolt per micron Gy/min "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one gray absorbed per minute." [NIST:NIST] gray per minute cGy/min "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one centigray absorbed per minute." [NIST:NIST] centigray per minute mGy/day "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one milligray absorbed per minute." [NIST:NIST] milligray per minute mGy/min "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one milligray absorbed per day." [NIST:NIST] milligray per day mGy/h "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one milligray absorbed per hour." [NIST:NIST] milligray per hour mGy/s "A derived absorbed dose unit which is equal to one milligray absorbed per second." [NIST:NIST] milligray per second kilometre km "A length unit which is equal to one thousand meters." [UOB:LKSR] kilometer mg/dl milligram per decilitre "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in milligrams divided by the volume in deciliters." [UOB:LKSR] milligram per deciliter microgram per decilitre ug/dl "A mass unit density which is equal to mass of an object in micrograms divided by the volume in deciliters." [UOB:LKSR] microgram per deciliter --RGD OBO FILE GENERATOR -- build 2023-05-30 -- 09:03:2024 20:13 clinical_measurement_ontology 1.2 jrsmith Camille Maumet (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-553X) Chris Mungall (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6601-2165) Hanna Cwiek (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9113-567X) Nolan Nichols (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1099-3328) Thomas Nichols (http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-5103) Alejandra Gonzalez-Beltran (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3499-8262) Orlaith Burke Philippe Rocca-Serra (http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-5668) STATO is the statistical methods ontology. It contains concepts and properties related to statistical methods, probability distributions and other concepts related to statistical analysis, including relationships to study designs and plots. This Ontology is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License Statistical Method, Design of Experiment, Plots, Statistical Model STATO: the statistical methods ontology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ https://github.com/ISA-tools/stato/issues http://stato-ontology.org/ stat-ontology@googlegroups.com RC1.4 2023-05-25 An ontology of cell types. Cell Ontology See PMID:15693950, PMID:12799354, PMID:20123131, PMID:21208450; Contact Alexander Diehl, addiehl@buffalo.edu, University at Buffalo. 2024-02-13 is model for is modeled by 9-hydroxyphenanthrene Arsenocholine mono-isononyl phthalate Monoisopropyl phthalate mono (2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate 2,4'-DDT mono (5-carboxy-2-ethylpentyl) phthalate (DEHP) Monocyclohexyl phthalate mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate Mono-2-(carboxymethyl) hexyl phthalate mono-hexyl phthalate 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Needles (from petroleum ether, ligroin) or beige solid. (NTP, 1992) Nicotine-N-oxide PCB28 3,4-Dihydroxy-benzoic acid methyl ester mono benzyl phthalate (BzBP) cis-4,10,13,16-docosatetraenoic acid Perfluorooctanesulfonate 6-hydroxychrysene 1-hydroxychrysene 4-hydroxychrysene 2-hydroxychrysene mono (3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (multiple) 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: Brown flakes or beige solid. Strong odor. (NTP, 1992) Bisphenol S Perfluorohexane-1-sulphonic acid Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Perfluoroheptanoic acid 1-hydroxynaphthalene 9-hydroxyfluorene Bisphenol F Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester Mono-n-octyl phthalate Benzophenone-1 2-hydroxynaphthalene mono-pentyl phthalate mono-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Never Smoked The quality of never smoking in the past. en Contributors are those that engage in discussions in the context of SIO (in alphabetical order): sivaram arabandi christopher baker joachim baran jerven bolleman matthew brush alison callahan leonid chepelev kevin cohen melanie courtot geraint duck laura furlong elisa kendall tatsuya kushida luke mccarthy jim mccusker jose miguel cruz-toledo chris mungall robert hoehndorf simon jupp jin-dong kim dana klassen thomas luetteke james malone chris mungall david osumi-sutherland tazro ohta nuria queralt stephen reed alexandre riazanov matthias samwald robert stevens mark wilkinson karin verspoor natalia villanueva-rosales Michel Dumontier sio.owl http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-9435 The semanticscience integrated ontology (SIO) provides a simple, integrated ontology (types, relations) for objects, processes and their attributes. This project provides foundational support for the Bio2RDF (http://bio2rdf.org) and SADI (http://sadiframework.org) projects. website: http://semanticscience.org email: sio-ontology@googlegroups.com mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/sio-ontology 2010-03-29 2023-03-26 free to use,share,modify. modify with attribution [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/]. Semanticscience Integrated Ontology (SIO) http://www.jbiomedsem.com/content/5/1/14 sio http://semanticscience.org/resource/ general class inclusion axioms: 'is part of' some 'physical entity' subClassOf 'is located in' some 'physical entity' role chains: 'has capability' o 'is realized in' -> 'is participant in' http://sio.semanticscience.org 1.59 Age Biological Sex Circumference Concentration chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Ethnicity No Sickle Cell Anemia chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Height Height Language Needs to be rooted in sio chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Race sio:SIO_000328 SIO_000328 A positional description is a description of location using some system or frame of reference. positional identifier sio:SIO_000417 SIO_000417 A time internval is a contiguous temporal region having some duration. time interval sio:SIO_000485 SIO_000485 A human is a primates of the family Hominidae and are characterized by having a large brain relative to body size, with a well developed neocortex, prefrontal cortex and temporal lobes, making them capable of abstract reasoning, language, introspection, problem solving and culture through social learning. human sio:SIO_001050 SIO_001050 A sample is a limited quantity of something (e.g. an individual or set of individuals from a population, or a portion of a substance) to be used for testing, analysis, inspection, investigation, demonstration, or trial use. sample Specific Gravity Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance; equivalently, it is the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of a reference substance for the same given volume. Apparent specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a volume of the substance to the weight of an equal volume of the reference substance. The reference substance is nearly always water at its densest (4°C) for liquids; for gases it is air at room temperature (21°C). Nonetheless, the temperature and pressure must be specified for both the sample and the reference. Pressure is nearly always 1 atm (101.325 kPa). Temperatures for both sample and reference vary from industry to industry. Why is this here? Maybe it belongs in another list chear-kb:PER-Jeanette-Stingone Gestational Age The age of the conceptus, beginning from the time of FERTILIZATION. In clinical obstetrics, the gestational age is often estimated as the time from the last day of the last MENSTRUATION which is about 2 weeks before OVULATION and fertilization 72 kDa type IV collagenase Interleukin-33 Haptoglobin Metalloproteinase inhibitor 1 Lymphotoxin-alpha TNF-alpha Tumor necrosis factor Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells (Treg) function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Upregulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which dephosphorylates the key 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208). Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line (PubMed:22517918). Interferon gamma Interleukin-1 beta Potent proinflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B-cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Interstitial collagenase Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Interleukin-4 Interleukin-5 Interleukin-6 Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasmacytoma growth and induces nerve cells differentiation. Matrilysin Stromelysin-2 Matrix metalloproteinase-9 Interleukin-9 Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 Interleukin-10 Inhibits the synthesis of a number of cytokines, including IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-3, TNF and GM-CSF produced by activated macrophages and by helper T-cells. Interleukin-12 subunit alpha Interleukin-13 Interleukin-15 Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand Interleukin-2 C-C motif chemokine 20 Interleukin-17A Interleukin-31 Interferon lambda-2 Interleukin-27 subunit alpha Interleukin-17F Interleukin-22 Interleukin-25 Interleukin-21 Interleukin-23 subunit alpha rdfs:Class rdfs:Resource owl:Ontology Dave Beckett Nikki Rogers Participants in W3C's Semantic Web Deployment Working Group. Alistair Miles Sean Bechhofer An RDF vocabulary for describing the basic structure and content of concept schemes such as thesauri, classification schemes, subject heading lists, taxonomies, 'folksonomies', other types of controlled vocabulary, and also concept schemes embedded in glossaries and terminologies. SKOS Vocabulary core#exactMatch skos:exactMatch is disjoint with each of the properties skos:broadMatch and skos:relatedMatch. has exact match skos:exactMatch is used to link two concepts, indicating a high degree of confidence that the concepts can be used interchangeably across a wide range of information retrieval applications. skos:exactMatch is a transitive property, and is a sub-property of skos:closeMatch. notation A notation, also known as classification code, is a string of characters such as "T58.5" or "303.4833" used to uniquely identify a concept within the scope of a given concept scheme. By convention, skos:notation is used with a typed literal in the object position of the triple. sh:AbstractResult The base class of validation results, typically not instantiated directly. Abstract result sh:Function The class of SHACL functions. Function sh:NodeKind The class of all node kinds, including sh:BlankNode, sh:IRI, sh:Literal or the combinations of these: sh:BlankNodeOrIRI, sh:BlankNodeOrLiteral, sh:IRIOrLiteral. Node kind sh:NodeShape A node shape is a shape that specifies constraint that need to be met with respect to focus nodes. Node shape sh:Parameterizable Superclass of components that can take parameters, especially functions and constraint components. Parameterizable sh:PrefixDeclaration The class of prefix declarations, consisting of pairs of a prefix with a namespace. Prefix declaration sh:Rule The class of SHACL rules. Never instantiated directly. Rule sh:SPARQLExecutable The class of resources that encapsulate a SPARQL query. SPARQL executable sh:Severity The class of validation result severity levels, including violation and warning levels. Severity sh:Shape A shape is a collection of constraints that may be targeted for certain nodes. Shape sh:Target The base class of targets such as those based on SPARQL queries. Target sh:TargetType The (meta) class for parameterizable targets. Instances of this are instantiated as values of the sh:target property. Target type sh:Validator The class of validators, which provide instructions on how to process a constraint definition. This class serves as base class for the SPARQL-based validators and other possible implementations. Validator RDF list of shapes to validate the value nodes against. and The type that all value nodes must have. class If set to true then the shape is closed. closed Specifies an RDF datatype that all value nodes must have. datatype Specifies a property where the set of values must be disjoint with the value nodes. disjoint Specifies a property that must have the same values as the value nodes. equals An optional flag to be used with regular expression pattern matching. flags Specifies a value that must be among the value nodes. has value An optional RDF list of properties that are also permitted in addition to those explicitly enumerated via sh:property/sh:path. ignored properties Specifies a list of allowed values so that each value node must be among the members of the given list. in A list of node expressions that shall be intersected. intersection Constraints expressed in JavaScript. JavaScript constraint Specifies a list of language tags that all value nodes must have. language in Specifies a property that must have smaller values than the value nodes. less than Specifies a property that must have smaller or equal values than the value nodes. less than or equals Specifies the maximum number of values in the set of value nodes. max count Specifies the maximum string length of each value node. max length A human-readable message (possibly with placeholders for variables) explaining the cause of the result. message Specifies the minimum number of values in the set of value nodes. min count Specifies the minimum string length of each value node. min length Specifies the node shape that all value nodes must conform to. node Specifies the node kind (e.g. IRI or literal) each value node. node kind The node expression producing the input nodes of a filter shape expression. nodes Specifies a shape that the value nodes must not conform to. not Specifies a list of shapes so that the value nodes must conform to at least one of the shapes. or The parameters of a function or constraint component. parameter Specifies a regular expression pattern that the string representations of the value nodes must match. pattern Links a shape to its property shapes. property The maximum number of value nodes that can conform to the shape. qualified max count The minimum number of value nodes that must conform to the shape. qualified min count The shape that a specified number of values must conform to. qualified value shape Can be used to mark the qualified value shape to be disjoint with its sibling shapes. qualified value shapes disjoint Defines the severity that validation results produced by a shape must have. Defaults to sh:Violation. severity Links a shape with SPARQL constraints. constraint (in SPARQL) A list of node expressions that shall be used together. union Specifies whether all node values must have a unique (or no) language tag. unique languages Specifies a list of shapes so that the value nodes must conform to exactly one of the shapes. exactly one :arc6de1b982 :arc6de1b986 :arc6de1b992 :arc6de1b996 :arc6de1b1001 :arc6de1b1005 :arc6de1b1014 :arc6de1b1019 :arc6de1b1027 :arc6de1b1031 :arc6de1b1035 :arc6de1b1039 :arc6de1b1046 :arc6de1b1053 :arc6de1b1058 :arc6de1b1063 :arc6de1b1069 :arc6de1b1073