Zhenyu Zhang 28/02/2021 This ontology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA International 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Dementia-Related Psychotic Symptoms Non-Pharmacological Treatment Ontology (DRPSNPTO) The DRPSNPTO ontology represents the domain knowledge specific to non-pharmacological treatment of psychotic symptoms in dementia in the long-term care setting. v1.0 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator Creator A person primarily responsible for making the resource. http://purl.org/dc/terms/date Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource. http://purl.org/dc/terms/license License A legal document giving official permission to do something with the resource. http://purl.org/dc/terms/source Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived. http://purl.org/dc/terms/title Title A name given to the resource. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C42610 Abbreviation A shortned form of a word or phrase. From U.S. National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute Theraurus. Xref http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C43621 Cross Reference A notation or direction at one place to pertinent information at another place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C52469 Synonym A word having the same or nearly the same meaning as another word or other words in a language; a word or an expression that serves as a figurative or symbolic subsititute for another. From U.S. National Institute of Health, National Cancer Institute Thesaurus umls:cui A property representing the concept unique identifier (CUI) assigned by the National Library of Medicine. CUI is used for a metachesaurus concept to which strings with the same meaning are linked. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition Definition A statement or formal explanation of the meaning of a term or concept. http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#note Note A general note, for any purpose. It refers to the relationship - factor affecting implementation of nonpharmacological intervention to psychotic symptoms 'affects' nonpharmacological intervention affects It refers to the relation ship - psychotic symptom assessment tool 'assesses psychotic symptom' psychotic symptom in dementia. assesses It refers to the relationship - health care professional 'cares for' person with dementia. cares for It refers to the relationship - causative factors 'causes' psychotic symptoms in dementia. causes It refers to the relationship - health care professional 'conducts' psychotic symptom management activity. conducts It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has background' background of person with dementia. has background It refers to the relationship that Health Care Professional "has Care Goal" Care Goal. has care goal It refers to the relationship - health care professional 'has communication technique' communication technique. has communication skill It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'has context' context of psychotic symptom. has context It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has delusion' delusion. has delusion It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has dementia' dementia. has dementia It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'has duration' duration of psychotic symptom. has duration It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'has effect' effect of psychotic symptom. has effect It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has family member' family member of person with dementia. has family member It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'has feature' feature of psychotic symptom. has feature It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom in dementia 'has frequency' frequency of psychotic symptom. has frequency It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has friend' friend of person with dementia. has friend It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has guardian' guardian. has guardian It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has hallucination' hallucination. has hallucination It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has interpreter' interpreter. has interpreter It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom management activity 'has management action time' time. has management action time It refers to the relationship - intervention 'has outcome' psychotic symptom management outcome. has outcome It refers to the relationship that Psychotic Symptom In Dementia 'has performance time' Time. has performance time It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'has psychotic symptom' psychotic symptom in dementia. has psychotic symptom It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom in dementia 'has severity' severity of psychotic symptom. has severity It refers to the relationship - causative factor 'is addressed by' intervention. is addressed by It refers to the relationship - nonpharmacological inervention 'is affected by' factors affecting implementation of nonpharmacological intervention to psychotic symptoms. is affected by It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'is assessed by' assessment tool. is assessed by It refers to the relationship - background 'is background of' person with dementia. is background of It refers to the relationship that Care Goal "is Care Goal Of" Health Care Professional. is care goal of It refers to the relationship - person with dementia 'is cared by' health care professional. is cared by It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'is caused by' causative factor. is caused by It refers to the relationship - communication technique 'is communication technique of' health care professional. is communication skill of It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom management activity 'is conducted by' health care professional. is conducted by It refers to the relationship - context of psychotic symptom 'is context of' psychotic symptom. is context of It refers to the relationship - delusion 'is delusion of' person with dementia. is delusion of It refers to the relationship - dementia 'is dementia of' person with dementia. is dementia of It refers to the relationship - duration 'is duration of' psychotic symptom in dementia. is duration of It refers to the relationship - effect of psychotic symptom' is effect of' psychotic symptom in dementia. is effect of It refers to the relationship - family member of person with dementia 'is family member of' person with dementia. is family member of It refers to the relationship - feature of psychotic symptom 'is feature of' psychotic symptom in dementia. is feature of It refers to the relationship - frequency of psychotic symptom 'is frequency of' psychotic symptom in dementia. is frequency of It refers to the relationship - friend of person with dementia 'is friend of' person with dementia. is friend of It refers to the relationship - guardian 'is guardian of' person with dementia. is guardian of It refers to the relationship - hallucination 'is hallucination of' person with dementia. is hallucination of It refers to the relationship - interpreter 'is interpreter of' person with dementia. is interpreter of It refers to the relationship - time 'is management action time of' psychotic symptom management activity. is management action time of It refers to the relationship - background of person with dementia 'is matched by' person with dementia focused nonpharmacological intervention. is matched by It refers to the relationship - psychotic symtpom management outcome 'is outcome of' intervention. is outcome of It refers to the relationship that Time 'is performance time of' Psychotic Symptom In Dementia. is performance time of It refers to the relatiobship - background information of person with dementia 'is provided by' person. is provided by It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom 'is psychotic symptom of' person with dementia. is psychotic symptom of It refers to the relationship - severity of psychotic symptom 'is severity of' psychotic symptom in dementia. is severity of It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom in dementia 'is treated by' intervention. is treated by It refers to the relationship - psychotic symptom assessment tool 'is used by' health care professional. is used by It refers to the relationship - person with dementia focused intervention 'matches' background of person with dementia. matches It refers to the relationship - person 'provides background information' background information of person with dementia. provides background information It refers to the relationship - intervention 'reduces psychotic symptoms caused by' causative factor. reduce psychotic symptom caused by It refers to the relationship - intervention 'treats' psychotic symptoms in dementia. treats It refers to the relationship - health care professional 'uses tool' psychotic symptom assessment tool. uses tool AbilityToMaintainBowelContinence SNOMEDCT:405000000 C1319215 It refers to a person's ability of maintaining bowel continence. Ability to Maintain Bowel Continence AbilityToMaintainUrinaryContinence SNOMEDCT:405002008 C1319216 It refers to a person's ability to maintain urinary continence. Ability to Maintain Urinary Continence AbilityToMobilize SNOMEDCT:301438001 Mobility Ability C0578131 Ability to Mobilize AbilityToPerformActivitiesOfDailyLife Ability to Perform ADL C0562507 Ability to Perform Activities of Daily Life It refers to the ability to perform the most basic physical tasks and personal care activities independently with or without assistive device. (Nursing Outcomes Classification) AboriginalPerson Aboriginals C0935542 It refers to the information about a person that if he/she is aboriginal. Aboriginal Person Absconding SNOMEDCT:248046000 Running Away, Wandering Off the Facility C0424352 It refers to the behaviour of a resident leaving secretly from the long-term care facility which he/she lives. Absconding AcknowledgementOfFeeling SNOMEDCT:439151001 Acknolwdgement of Concern C2585406 It refers to the activity of recognizing the feeling of a person. Acknowledgement of Feeling ActiveListening SNOMEDCT:386507003 C0150122 It refers to the technique of paying close attention to the speaker in order to understand what is being said. Active Listening Addiction Addictive Disorder Addiction "Addiction is a complex condition, a brain disease that is manifested by compulsive substance use despite harmful consequence. People with addiction (severe substance use disorder) have an intense focus on using a certain substance(s), such as alcohol or drugs, to the point that it takes over their life." (American Psychiatric Association) AfterBreakfast SNOMEDCT:7221000175107 C1550743 It refers to the time after breakfast. After Breakfast AfterDinner SNOMEDCT:1521000175104 After Supper C1879671 After Dinner "After supper or evening meal." - National Cancer Institute AfterLunch SNOMEDCT:1541000175107 C1879668 After Lunch "After lunch" - National Cancer Institute Afternoon SNOMEDCT:422133006 C0439550 Afternoon "The time period between noon and sunset." - National Cancer Institute Age SNOMEDCT:397669002 C0001779 It refers to the time elapsed since birth. Age Agitation SNOMEDCT:24199005 Agitation or Aggression in Dementia, Agitated Behavior, Feeling Agitated, Being Agitated C0085631 Agitation "Agitated behaviour is defined as any inappropriate physical or verbal, aggressive or non-aggressive, act that is not an obvious expression of need or disorientation." - Cohen-Mansfield, Libin and Marx 2007 AlcoholAddiction MESH:D000437 SNOMEDCT:66590003 Alcohol Problem Drinking, Alcohol Dependence C0001973 Alcohol Addiction "An addictive behavior defined as drinking excessive amounts of alcohol over a long period of time, having difficulty reducing the amount of alcohol consumed, strongly desiring alcohol and experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not drinking alcohol." (Human Phenotype Ontology) Alertness C1443086 Alertness "Alertness is the state of active attention by high sensory awareness such as being watchful and prompt to meet danger or emergency, or being quick to perceive and act." (Wikipedia) Allergy MESH:D006967 SNOMEDCT:418634005 Hypersensitivity, Hypersensitivity Reaction C0020517 Allergy "An allergy is an immune response or reaction to substances that are usually not harmful." (Human Phenotype Ontology) AlzheimerDiseaseDementiaMixedTypeWithCerebrovascularDisease SNOMEDCT:79341000119107 Mixed Vascular Alzheimer Dementia C3532942 Alzheimer Disease Dementia Mixed Type with Cerebrovascular Disease "Dementia due to Alzheimer disease and concomitant cerebrovascular disease." From ICD11 version 09/2020 Anaemia MESH:D000740 SNOMEDCT:271737000 Lack of Blood C0002871 Anaemia is a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells in one's body. Anaemia Anger MESH:D000786 SNOMEDCT:75408008 Feeling Angry, Angry Mood C0002957 Anger "A strong emotional feeling of displeasure aroused by being interfered with, injured or threatened." - MESH AnimalAllergy SNOMEDCT:717234006 Allergy to Animal C4082933 Animal Allergy "Hypersensitivity in form of an adverse immune reaction against animal proteins." (Human Phenotype Ontology) AnimalAssistedTherapy AAT SNOMEDCT:386515000 Pet Therapy C0150133 Animal Assisted Therapy Animal assisted therapy is a psychotherapy treatment based upon building a bond with an animal through interaction and play. Defined by Sunrise medical 2018. AnimalHairAllergy SNOMEDCT:300911008 Allergy to Animal Hair C0577623 It refers to the allergic reaction to animal hair, such as wool. Animal Hair Allergy AppleJuiceIntervention It refers to the intervention of giving 24-oz glasses of apple juice to people with dementia for 1 month. Apple juice improves delusions according to the study of Remington et al. 2010 "Apple juice improved behavioral but not cognitive symptoms in moderate-to-late stage Alzheimer's Disease in an open-label pilot study". Apple Juice Intervention Arguing It refers to the expressing diverging or opposite views, typically in a heated or angry way. Arguing Aromatherapist C2985484 Aromatherapist "A person who practices a type of complementary medicien called aromatherapy. This therapy uses plant oils that give off strong, pleasant smells to promote relaxation and a sense of well-being. The plant oils are usually inhaled or put on the skin using wet clothes, baths, or massage." - U.S. National Cancer Insitute ArtCognitiveActivity MESH:D001155 SNOMEDCT:65153003 Art Therapy, Art-Based Therapy C0003827 It refers to the acitivities that involves the use of creative techniques such as drawing, painting, and coloring to help people with dementia to express themselves artistically and enhance coginitive function. Art Cognitive Activity ArtTherapist SNOMEDCT:309410006 C0586935 Art Therapist "(1) An individual who uses art to achieve the therapeutic goals of symptom relief, emotional integration, and recovery from or adjustment to illness or disability. (2) An art therapist uses a form of treatment that enables patients with mental or physical disabilities to use art as a way of expressing and dealing with feelings and inner conflicts. (3) An individual who uses arts modalities and creative processes during intentional intervention in therapeutic, rehabilitative, community, or educational settings to foster health, communication, and expression; promote the integration of physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning; enhance self-awareness; and facilitate change." From U.S. National Uniform Claim Committee - Health Care Provider Taxonomy Arthritis MESH:D001168 SNOMEDCT:3723001 Inflammatory Arthritis, Joint Inflammation C0003864 Arthritis "Acute or chronic inflammation of joints." (MESH) AskingAssistance It refers to the communication skill of asking for assistance of the care receiver during care delivery. Asking Assistance AssociatedGroup It refers to the information about the groups an individual is connected with. Associated Group AssociatedProfessionalOrganization It refers to the information about the professional organizations that an individual is connected with. Associated Professional Organization AssociatedSocialClub It refers to the information about the social clubs that an individual is connected with. Associated Social Club AtRiskForFall SNOMEDCT:129839007 Fall Risk, At Risk for Falling C1268740 At Risk for Fall "Potential for increased chance of falling that may cause physical harm, damage or loss." (Periperative Nursing Data Set) AtRiskOfPressureUlcer SNOMEDCT:285304000 Pressure Sore Risk, At Risk of Pressure Sore C0563204 At Risk of Pressure Ulcer It refers to the risk of injury to skin and underlying tissue resulting from prolonged pressure on the skin. (Mayo Clinic) AttendingConcert It refers to the intervention of attending a concert. Attending Concert AuditoryHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:45150006 C0233762 Auditory Hallucination It refers to the "hallucinations involving the perception of sound, most frequently of voices but sometimes of clicks or other noises, that are not restricted to the period of awakening or the onset of sleep." (ICD-11) AuditoryImpairment MESH:D034381 SNOMEDCT:15188001 Poor Hearing, Hearing Impairment C1384666 It refers to the damaged sense of hearing. Auditory Impairment Aunt SNOMEDCT:25211005 C0337576 Aunt "The sister of one's father or mother; the wife of one's uncle." - U.S. National Cancer Institute AvoidArguingWithPatient C0509169 It refers that health care professionals should not argue with the person who has delusions and/or hallucinations. It is better to acknowledge that the person may be frightened by the delusions and hallucinations. Avoid Arguing with Patient AvoidArguingWithPatientAboutFalseBelief C4710607 It refers to the concept that health care professionals should not argue about false beliefs. Avoid Arguing with Patient about False Belief AvoidArguingWithPatientAboutValidityOfHallucination C0509170 It refers to the concept that health care professionals should avoid argue with patient about the validity of the hallucinations. Avoid Arguing with Patient about Validity of Hallucination AvoidScolding It refers to the concept that health care professionals should not scold person with dementia-related psychotic symptoms, such as do not scold the person for losing objects or hiding things. Avoid Scolding BackPain MESH:D001416 SNOMEDCT:161891005 Backache, Back Ache, Dorsalgia, Dorsodynia C0004604 Back Pain "Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the thorax; lumbosacral region; or the adjacent regions." - MESH BackgroundOfPersonWithDementia It refers to the information about the background of person with dementia which is associated with psychotic symptoms in dementia. Background of Person with Dementia BackgroundPersonalityFactor Background personality factors are those that reflect people's characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Background Personality Factor BadDream SNOMEDCT:419748005 Unpleasant Dream, Nightmare C1636655 It refers to dreams that bring out strong feelings of fear, terror, distress or anxiety. Bad Dream BallGame It refers to the exercise intervention involving some type of ball. Ball Game BalloonKicking It refers to the activity of kicking balloons. Balloon Kicking BaylorHallucinationQuestionnaire C5188410 Baylor Hallucination Questionnaire Baylor Hallucination Questionnaire is a six-item, four-point scale questionnaire for assessing hallucinations. From Fernandez et al. 2008 "Scales to assess psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: critique and recommendations" Bedtime SNOMEDCT:21029003 C0521112 It refers to the usual time of going to bed. Bedtime Beekeeping MESH:D056630 Bee-keeping, Apiculture C2717862 Beekeeping "The management and maintenance of colonies of honeybees." - MESH BeforeBedtime C1879793 It refers to the time prior to going to bed. Before Bedtime BeforeBreakfast SNOMEDCT:1501000175105 C1549040 It refers to the time prior to eating breakfast. Before Breakfast BeforeDinner SNOMEDCT:3071000175109 Before Evening Meal C1550742 It refers to the time prior to eating dinner. Before Dinner BeforeLunch SNOMEDCT:3091000175105 C1550741 It refers to the time prior to eating lunch. Before Lunch BehaviourTherapy MESH:D001521 SNOMEDCT:166001 Behavioral Psychotherapy, Behaviour Modification, Behavioral Intervention C0004933 It refers to psychotherapy that uses techniques derived from behaviourism. It seeks to identify and help change potentially self-destructive or unhealthy behaviours. Behaviour Therapy BehaviouralPathologyInAlzheimersDiseaseRatingScale BEHAVE-AD The Behavioral Patholody in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale is a screening instrument for the evaluation of behavioral disturbances in Alzheimer's patients. It has items for evaluting psychotic symptoms. Each type of delusion or hallucination is rated on a 4-point scale of severity. Behavioural Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale Belief C0004951 It refers to a state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing; conviction of the truth of some statement or the reality of some phenomenon. Belief BiologicalGender It refers to the gender of a person assigned biologically at birth. Biological Gender BipolarDisorder MESH:D001714 SNOMEDCT:13746004 Bipolar Affective Disorder, Bipolar Affective Psychosis, Bipolar Mood Disorder, Bipolar Illness, Manic Depression, C0005586 Bipolar disorder is a mental illness marked by extreme shifts in mood. Bipolar Disorder Biting SNOMEDCT:69547003 Aggressive Biting C0233534 It refers to the behaviour of biting something or somebody aggressively. Biting BizarreDelusion SNOMEDCT:82791007 C0233671 Bizarre Delusion "A delusion that involves a phenomenon that would be regarded as physically impossible within the person's cultural context." (ICD-11) BodyHeight MESH:D001827 SNOMEDCT:50373000 Height C0005890 Body Height "The distance from the sole to the crown of the head with body standing on a flat surface and fully extended." (MESH) BodyWeight MESH:D001835 SNOMEDCT:27113001 Weight C0005910 Body Weight "The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms." (MESH) BorderlinePersonalityDisorder MESH:D001883 SNOMEDCT:20010003 C0006012 Borderline Personality Disorder "A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)" - MESH Boredom MESH:D001887 SNOMEDCT:83765003 C0006019 It refers to the state of feeling disinterested in one's surroundings, having nothing to do or feeling that life is dull. Some delusions emerged as providing content at times of boredom and inactivity. When the person has no role and does not know what to do, they may resort to past roles or other roles. Boredom BrainInjury MESH:D001930 SNOMEDCT:127294003 Brain Damage, Cerebral Damage, Cerebral Injury C0270611 Brain Injury SNOMEDCT: "An injury to the brain which is not hereditary, congenital, or degenerative." BreakfastTime MESH:D062408 SNOMEDCT:307160001 Morning Meal Time, Breakfast C2698559 It refers to the time of people having breakfast. Breakfast Time BriefPsychiatricRatingScale BPRS MESH:D010054 Overall and Gorham Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale C0029941 Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was designed to measure clinical change in psychiatric patients. It includes 18 items and each item is scored on a seven-point scale ranging from "not present" to "extremely severe". From Overall and Gorham 1962 "The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale" BrightLightStimulation The bright light can be an inappropriate sensory stimulation that cause hallucination in person with dementia. Bright Light Stimulation Brother MESH:D035781 SNOMEDCT:70924004 C0337527 It refers to a male sibling of a person. Brother BrotherInLaw C1553711 Brother-in-law "A brother by marriage." (National Cancer Institute) BuildingModelTrain It refers to the activity of building a model train. Building Model Train BurnsSymptomChecklist This scale was developed by Burns et al in 1990, which includes 16 questions pertaining to a range of psychotic symptoms. Burns' Symptom Checklist BusinessImmigration It refers to the type of immigration that people choose to live in other countries for operating a new or existing business. Business Immigration COVID19 MESH:D000086382 SNOMEDCT:840539006 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease, 2019 Novel Cornavirus Infection, Coronavirus Disease-19, 2019-nCov Disease C5203670 COVID19 "COVID-19 is an infectious disease cuased by a newly discovered coronavirus. Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are more likely to develop serious illness." (World Health Organization) CannabisAddiction MESH:D002189 SNOMEDCT:85005007 Cannabis Dependence, Marijuana Addiction, Marijuana Dependence C0006870 Cannabis Addiction "Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis." (National Cancer Institute) Cardiologist MESH:D000072096 SNOMEDCT:17561000 C0175906 Cardiologist "Qualified medical professionals who specialize in preventing and treating disorders of the heart and cardiovascular system." - MESH CareGoal MESH:D010347 Goal of Care C2930505 Care Goal It refers to the goal setted for a particular patient usually reflecting patient and family goals as well as those institution and health care providers. From MESH CarePlanCreation SNOMEDCT:370789001 C1269668 It refers to the activity of developing an individualized plan of care. Care Plan Creation CaseManager MESH:D000071959 SNOMEDCT:768832004 C0687694 Case Manager "Professionals who are in charge of assessment, planning, facilitation, care coordination, evaluation, and advocacy for options and services to meet a patient's and family's comprehensive health needs." - MESH CausativeFactorInvestigation It refers to the activity of investigating the factors that cause psychotic symptoms of a person living with dementia. Causative Factor Investigation CeaselessTalking It refers to the constant and unending talking. Ceaseless Talking CeradBehaviorRatingScaleForDementia BRSD The CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) Behavior Rating Scale for Demenita is a standardized instrument for rating behavioral abnormalities in demented or cognitively impaired people. CERAD Behavior Rating Scale for Dementia ChangeInRoutine Disruption of Familiar Routine It refers to the changes in the routine which can cause psychotic symptoms in dementia. Change in Routine CheckingHearingAid SNOMEDCT:225678000 Hearing Aid Check C0455223 It refers to the interim checks to confirm that hearing aids are clean and operational. Checking Hearing Aid CholesterolLevel SNOMEDCT:365793008 C0428466 Cholesterol Level It refers to the amount of each type of cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein) and certain fats in one's blood. (MEDLINEPLUS) ChronicDisease MESH:D002908 SNOMEDCT:27624003 Chronic Illness C0008679 Chronic Disease "A disease condition that persists over a significant span of time." (National Cancer Institute) ClinicalGlobalImpressionScale CGIS C3639708 Clinical Global Impression Scale "A standardized survey developed by W. Guy in 1976 which is used to evaluate the efficacy of a therapeutic intervention. This instrument consists of 3 sections pertaining to the severity of the patient's illness, their level of improvement and a comparison of the therapeutic effect versus the side effects." - National Cancer Institute CloseSupervision SNOMEDCT:225312004 C0557988 It refers to the activity of supervising a person closely. Close Supervision ClothingPreference It refers to the preference to clothing. Clothing Preference CognitiveAbility SNOMEDCT:413384008 Ability to Perform Cognitive Activity C0392334 It refers to the general mental capability of a person. Cognitive Ability CognitiveBehaviouralTherapy CBT MESH:D015928 SNOMEDCT:228553007 Cognitive Behaviour Modification, Behavioral Cognitive Therapy, Cognitive Therapy C0009244 It refers to an integrated approach to psychotherapy that combines the techniques of cognitive and behaviour therapy. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy CognitiveImpairment MESH:D060825 SNOMEDCT:386806002 Cognitive Decline, Cognitive Deficit, Cognitive Dysfunction, Impaired Cognition, Cognitive Function Abnormal C0338656 It refers to the damaged cognitive ability. Cognitive Impairment CollectingThemedItemHobby It refers to the hobby of collecting themed items and objects. Collecting Themed Item Hobby ColumbiaUnveristyScaleForPsychopathologyInAlzheimersDisease CUSPAD It is a short semi-structured instrument for psychotic features of Alzheimer's Disease, which that can be administered by a trained lay interviewer. It was developed by Devanand et al in 1992. Columbia University Scale for Psychopathology in Alzheimer's Disease CommunicatingActionAvoided It refers to the communicating actions that should be avoided. Communicating Action Avoided CommunicatingActionSuggested It refers to the communicating actions that are suggested to do during a communication. Communicating Action Suggested CommunicationSkill SNOMEDCT:401049002 Communication Technique C0870313 It refers to the technique for communicating with person with dementia. Communication Skill Comorbidity MESH:D015897 Co-morbidity C0009488 Comorbidity "The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival." - MESH CompassionOfHealthCareProfessional Compassion Shown by Staff C1822096 It refers to the health care professionals' sympathetic pity and concern for the suffering of people with dementia. Compassion of health care professionals allow them to better understand the needs of people with dementia. Compassion of Health Care Professional Complaining The expression of dissatisfaction or annoyance about something. Complaining ComplianceWithRequestBasedOnPsychoticSymptom It refers to the intervention that health care professionals act complying with the request which is based on the psychotic symptoms in dementia. Compliance with Request Based on Psychotic Symptom ComprehensiveInitialAssessment Initial Assessment It refers to the activity that the health care professionals perform a comprehensive assessment to establish antecedents and consequences of the patient's behaviours, noting his/her present interactions with others as well as his/her family and social history. Comprehensive Initial Assessment ConcernOfFamilyMember It refers to the concept that psychotic symptoms in a person with dementia may cause the worry of his/her family members about him/her. Concern of Family Member ConcernOfFriend It refers to the concept that psychotic symptoms in a person with dementia may cause the concern of his/her friends about him/her. Concern of Friend Confusion MESH:D003221 SNOMEDCT:286933003 Feeling Confused, Confusional State, Confused, Daze, Dazed, Dazing, Disorientation Confusion, Easily Confused C0009676 Confusion "A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation." (from MeSH 2020) ConstantManipulationOfObject It refers to the behaviour of manipulating something constantly. Constant Manipulation of Object ConstantRepetitionOfWord It refers to the behaviour of continuously repeating words or sentences. Constant Repetition of Word ConstantUnwarrantedRequestsForAttention It refers to the constant and not justified requests for attention. Constant Unwarranted Requests for Attention ConstantUnwarrantedRequestsForHelp It refers to the constant and not justified requests for help. Constant Unwarranted Requests for Help ConstantUnwarrantedRequestsForReassurance It refers to the constant and not justified requests for reassurance. Constant Unwarranted Requests for Reassurance Constipation MESH:D003248 SNOMEDCT:14760008 C0009806 Constipation is the passing of hard, dry bowel motions (stools) that may be infrequent or difficult to pass. Constipation ContactInformation C1880174 It refers to the information regarding the means of contacting a person. Contact Information ContextOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the circumstances that form the setting for psychotic symptoms in dementia. Context of Psychotic Symptom Cooking MESH:D003296 C0335326 Cooking "The art or practice of preparing food. It includes the preparation of special foods for diets in various diseases." - MESH Coordination SNOMEDCT:85352007 Physiologic Coordination C0242414 Coordination It refers to the ability to execute smooth, accurate, controlled motor responses (optimal interaction of muscle function). CosmeticAllergy Makeup Allergy C1626925 It refers to the allergic reactions to cosmetics. Cosmetic Allergy CountryOfBirth SNOMEDCT:370159000 Country of Origin C1300001 It refers to the country which a person was born in. Country of Birth Cousin SNOMEDCT:55538000 C0337580 Cousin "A child of one's aunt or uncle or their descendents." - U.S. National Cancer Institute CreatingHomeFamiliarityInEnvironment Creating Home Familiarity in Environment, Creating Homelikeness, Simulate Homelike Environment C4710627 It refers to the intervention of creating homelikeness environment for people with dementia. Creating Home Familiarity in Environment CreationOfCareGoal Setting Goal of Care, Setting Care Goal It refers to the activity of setting care goals. Creation of Care Goal CreationOfIntervention It refers to the activity of creating the intervention. Creation of Intervention Cursing SNOMEDCT:48285002 Swearing, Using Foul Language C0233730 It refers to the behaviour of using offensive language. Cursing DateOfBirth DOB SNOMEDCT:184099003 Birth Date C0421451 Date of Birth "The calendar date on which a person was born." (National Cancer Institute) Daughter MESH:D009679 SNOMEDCT:66089001 C0011011 It refers to the female child of a person. Daughter DaughterInLaw C1553705 Daughter-in-law "The wife of one's son." (National Cancer Institute) Daytime SNOMEDCT:280017001 Diurnal C0332169 Daytime "The time between sunrise and sunset while it is light." - National Cancer Institute DaytimeSleepiness C0541854 It refers to inappropriate sleepiness during the day. Daytime Sleepiness DecreasedAttention Attention Deficiency, Poor Concentration C3899405 It refers to the impaired ability to focus on a subject or idea. Decreased Attention Dehydration MESH:D003681 SNOMEDCT:34095006 Deficient Fluid Volume, Body Water Dehydration C0011175 Dehydration is a condition that can occur when the loss of body fluids, mostly water, exceeds the amount that is taken in. Dehydration Delirium MESH:D003693 SNOMEDCT:419567006 C0011206 Delirium "Delirium is characterised by disturbed attention (i.e., reduced ability to direct, focus, sustain, and shift attention) and awareness (i.e., reduced orientation to the environment) that develops over a short period of time and tends to fluctuate during the course of a day, accompanied by other cognitive impairment such as memory deficit, disorientation, or impairment in language, visuospatial ability, or perception. Disturbance of the sleep-wake cycle (reduced arousal of acute onset or total sleep loss with reversal of the sleep-wake cycle) may also be present. The symptoms are attributable to a disorder or disease not classified under mental and behavioural disorders or to substance intoxication or withdrawal or to a medication." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DeliriumAssessment SNOMEDCT:733870009 Delirium Screening, Assessment of Delirium C4518226 Delirium Assessment It refers to the activity that health care professionals assess, treat and/or eliminate sources of delirium that may be impacting on a person's exacerbation of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Health care professionals normally look for: 1) bladder symptoms, including changes in urine, incontience, and genital discomfort; 2) changes in bowel habits, including pain, cramps, diarrhoea, and appetite; 3) pain indicators, including a history of conditions, physical appearance, recent surgery, and skin integrity; 4) signs of infection, including localised infection, evidence of pneumonia, and pressure sores, and 5) changes in medication. From Dementia Support Australia Delusion MESH:D003702 SNOMEDCT:2073000 Delusional Disorder, Delusional Idea, Delusional Symptom, Delusional Thought, Fixed Beliefs Contradicted by Reality, Delusional Belief, Psychotic Delusion C0011253 Delusion "A belief that is demonstrably untrue or not shared by others, usually based on incorrect inference about external reality. The belief is firmly held with conviction and is not, or is only briefly, susceptibel to modification by experience or evidence that contradicts it. The belief is not ordinarily accepted by other members or the person's culture or subculture (i.e., it is not an article of religious faith)." (ICD-11) DelusionOfBeingControlled Delusion of Being Controlled "A delusion that involves an external force or person controlling one's feelings, impluses, thoughts, or behaviour." (ICD-11) DelusionOfGuilt SNOMEDCT:53108004 C0233684 Delusion of Guilt "A delusion involving exaggerated or inappropriate responsibility, need for punishment or retribution, or disproportionate consequences of one's actions, such as that a minor error in the past will lead to disaster, that the person has committed a sin or horrible crime and should be punished severely, or that the person is responsible for a horrible outcome with which there can be no possible connection." (ICD-11) DelusionOfImpoverishment Delusion of Poverty C0233678 Delusion of Impoverishment "A delusional conviction that one is currently destitute or soon will be, or that one does not have the necessary financial resources to live on, in spite of evidence to the contrary." (ICD-11) DelusionOfReference Referential Delusion C0233682 Delusion of Reference "A delusion that events, objects, or other people in the person's immediate environment have a particular and unusual personal significance, usually of a negative or pejorative nature. (ICD-11) Dementia MESH:D003704 SNOMEDCT:52448006 C0497327 Dementia "Dementia is an acquired brain syndrome characterized by a decline from a previous level of cognitive function with impairment in two or more cognitive domains (such as memory, executive functions, attention, language, social cognition and judgement, psychomotor speed, visuoperceptual or visuospatial abilities). The cognitive impairment is not entirely attributable to normal aging and significantly interferes with independence in the person's performance of activities of daily living. Based on available evidence, the cognitive impairment is attributed or assumed to be attributable to a neurological or medical condition that affects the brain, trauma, nutritional deficiency, chronic use of specific substances or medications, or exposure to heavy metals or other toxins." From ICD-11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToAlzheimerDisease MESH:D000544 SNOMEDCT:26929004 Alzheimer Disease Dementia C0002395 Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease "Dementia due to Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. Onset is insidious with memory impairment typically reported as the initial presenting complaint. The characteristic course is a slow but steady decline from a previous level of cognitive functioning with impairment in additional cognitive domains (such as executive functions, attention, language, social cognition and judgment, psychomotor speed, visuoperceptual or visuospatial abilities) emerging with disease progressing." From ICD-11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToAlzheimerDiseaseWithEarlyOnset Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease with Early Onset "Dementia due to Alzheimer disease in which symptoms emerge before the age of 65 years. It is relatively rare, representing less than 5% of all cases, and may be genetically determined (autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease). Clinical presentation may be similar to cases with later onset, but a significant proportion of cases manifest atypical symptoms, with relatively less severe memory deficits." From ICD11 version 09/2020. DementiaDueToAlzheimerDiseaseWithLateOnset Dementia due to Alzheimer Disease with Late Onset "Dementia due to Alzheimer disease that develops at the age of 65 years or above. This is the most common pattern, representing more than 95% of all cases." From ICD11 Version 09/2020 DementiaDueToCerebrovascularDisease VaD MESH:D015140 SNOMEDCT:429998004 Cerebrovascular Disease Dementia, Vascular Dementia C0011269 Dementia due to Cerebrovascular Disease "Vascular dementia is due to significant brain parenchyma injury resulting from cerebrovascular disease (ischemic or haemorrhagic). The onset of the cognitive deficits is temporally related to one or more vascular events. Cognitive decline is typically most prominent in speed of information processing, complex attention, and frontal-executive functioning. There is evidence of the presence of cerebrovascular disease considered to be sufficient to account for the neurocognitive deficits from history, physical examination and neuroimaging." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToDownSyndrome SNOMEDCT:733194007 C4518638 Dementia due to Down Syndrome "Dementia due to Down syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder related to the impact of abnormal increased production and accumulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) leading to formation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles. APP gene expression is increased due to its location on chromosome 21, which is abnormally triplicated in Down syndrome. Cognitive deficits and neuropathological features are similar to those observed in Alzheimer disease. Onset is typically after the fourth decade of life with a gradual decline in functioning." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToExposureToHeavyMetal Dementia due to Exposure to Heavey Metal "Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals caused by toxic exposure to specific heavy metals such as aluminium from dialysis water, lead, mercury or manganese. The characteristic cognitive impairments in Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals depend on the specific heavy metal that the individual has been exposed to but can affect all cognitive domains. Onset of symptoms is related to exposure and progression can be rapid especially with acute exposure. In many cases, symptoms are reversible when exposure is identified and ceases. Investigations such as brain imaging or neurophysiological testing may be abnormal. Lead poisoning is associated with abnormalities on brain imaging including widespread calcification and increased signal on MRI T2-weighted images of periventricular white matter, basal ganglia hypothalamus and pons. Dementia due to aluminium toxicity may demonstrate characteristic paroxysmal high-voltage delta EEG changes. Examination may make evident other features such as peripheral neuropathy in the case of lead, arsenic, or mercury." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToHumanImmunodeficiencyVirus Dementia due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus "Dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus develops during the course of confirmed HIV disease, in the absence of a concurrent illness or condition other than HIV infection that could explain the clinical features. Although a variety of patterns of cognitive deficit are possible depending on where the HIV pathogenic processes have occurred, typically deficits follow a subcortical pattern with impairments in executive function, processing speed, attention, and learning new information. The course of Dementia due to human immunodeficiency virus varies including resolution of symptoms, gradual decline in functioning, improvement, or fluctuation in symptoms. Rapid decline in cognitive functioning is rare with the advent of antiretroviral medications." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToHuntingtonDisease SNOMEDCT:442344002 Dementia due to Huntington Chorea C0236961 Dementia due to Huntington Disease "Dementia due to Huntington disease occurs as part of a widespread degeneration of the brain due to a trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene, which is transmitted through autosomal dominance. Onset of symptoms is insidious typically in the third and fourth decade of life with gradual and slow progression. Initial symptoms typically include impairments in executive functions with relative sparing of memory, prior to the onset of motor deficits (bradykinesia and chorea) characteristic of Huntington disease." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToInjuryToTheHead SNOMEDCT:762351006 C4546139 Dementia due to Injury to the Head "Dementia due to injury to the head is caused by damage inflicted on the tissues of the brain as the direct or indirect result of an external force. Trauma to the brain is known to have resulted in loss of consciousness, amnesia, disorientation and confusion, or neurological signs. The symptoms characteristic of Dementia due to injury to the head must arise immediately following the trauma or after the individual gains consciousness and must persist beyond the acute post-injury period. Cognitive deficits vary depending on the specific brain areas affected and the severity of the injury but can include impairments in attention, memory, executive functioning, personality, processing speed, social cognition, and language abilities." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToLewyBodyDisease MESH:D020961 SNOMEDCT:312991009 Dementia with Lewy Body, Lewy Body Dementia, Lewy Body Disease Dementia C0752347 Dementia due to Lewy Body Disease "Dementia due to Lewy body disease is the second most common form of dementia in the elderly after Alzheimer disease. The precise etiology is unknown but involves abnormal alpha-synuclein protein folding and aggregation with Lewy body formation primarily in the cortex and brainstem. Onset is insidious with attentional and executive functioning deficits typically reported as the initial presenting complaint. These cognitive deficits are often accompanied by visual hallucination and symptoms of REM sleep behaviour disorder. Hallucinations in other sensory modalities, depressive symptoms, and delusions may also be present. The symptom presentation usually varies significantly over the course of days necessitating longitudinal assessment and differentiation from Delirium. Sontaneous onset of Parkinsonism within approximately 1 year of the onset of cognitive symptoms is characteristic of the disease." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToMultipleSclerosis Dementia due to Multiple Sclerosis "Dementia due to multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease due to the cerebral effects of multiple sclerosis, a demyelinating disease. Onset of symptoms is insidious and not related to the progression or functional impairment attributable to the primary disease (i.e., multiple sclerosis). Cognitive impairments vary according to the location of demyelination but typically include deficits in processing speed, memory, attention, and aspects of executive functioning." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToNormalPressureHydrocephalus Dementia due to Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus "Dementia due to normal pressure hydrocephalus results from excess accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain as a result of idiopathic, non-obstructive causes but can also be secondary to haemorrhage, infection or inflammation. Progression is gradual but intervention (e.g., shunt) can result in significant improvement of symptoms. Typically, cognitive impairments include reduced processing speed, deficits in executive functioning and attention, as well as personality changes. These symptoms are also typically accompanied by gait abnormalities and urinary incontinence. Brain imaging to reveal ventricular volume and brain displacement is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToParkinsonDisease PDD SNOMEDCT:101421000119107 Parkinson Disease Dementia C0236960 Dementia due to Parkinson Disease "Dementia due to Parkinson disease develops among individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease and is characterized by impairment in attention, memory, executive and visuo-spatial functions as well as behavioural and psychiatric symptoms such as changes in affect, apathy and hallucinations. Onset is insidious and the course is one of gradual worsening of symptoms. The primary pathological correlat is Lewy Body-type degeneration predominantly in the basal ganglia rather than in the cortex as is typical of Dementia due to Lewy body disease." From ICD-11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToPellagra SNOMEDCT:788899002 C5230201 Dementia due to Pellagra "Dementia due to pellagra is caused by persistent lack of vitamin B3 (niacin) or tryptophan either in the diet or due to poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract due to disease (e.g., Crohn disease) or due to the effects of some medications (e.g., isoniazid). Core signs of pellagra include dermatological changes (sensitivity to sunlight, lesions, alopecia, and oedema) and diarrhoea. With prolonged nutritional deficiency cognitive symptoms that include aggressivity, motor disturbances (ataxia and restlessness), confusion, and weakness are observed. Treatment with nutritional supplementation (e.g., niacin) typically results in reversal of symptoms." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToPrionDisease SNOMEDCT:762350007 C4546138 Dementia due to Prion Disease "Dementia due to prion disease is a primary neurodegenerative disease caused by a group of spongiform encephalopathies resulting from abnormal prion protein accumulation in the brain. These can be sporadic, genetic (caused by mutations in the prion-protein gene), or transmissible (acquired from an infected individual). Onset is insidious and there is a rapid progression of symptoms and impairment characterised by cognitive deficits, ataxia, and motor symptoms (myoclonus, chorea, or dystonia). Diagnosis is typically made on the basis of brain imaging studies, presence of characteristic proteins in spinal fluid, EEG, or genetic testing." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToPsychoactiveSubstancesIncludingMedication Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medications Dementia due to Psychoactive Substances including Medication "Dementia due to psychoactive substances including medications includes forms of dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of substance use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of substance use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by substances such as a dementia due to another medical condition." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToUseOfAlcohol Dementia due to Use of Alcohol "Dementia due to use of alcohol is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of alcohol use and that persist beyond the usual duration of alcohol intoxication or acute withdrawal. The intensity and duration of alcohol use must have been sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder or disease that is not induced by alcohol such as a dementia due to another disorder or disease classified elsewhere." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToUseOfAnxiolytic Dementia due to Use of Anxiolytic Dementia due to use of anxiolytics is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of anxiolytic use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of anxiolytic use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by anxiolytics such as a dementia due to another medical condition. (ICD-11 version 09/2020) DementiaDueToUseOfHypnotic Dementia due to Use of Hypnotic Dementia due to use of hypnotics is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of hypnotic use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of hypnotic use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by hypnotics such as a dementia due to another medical condition. (ICD-11 version 09/2020) DementiaDueToUseOfSedative Dementia due to Use of Sedative Dementia due to use of sedatives is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of sedative use and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of sedative use must be sufficient to produce the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by sedativessuch as a dementia due to another medical condition. From ICD11 version 09/2020 DementiaDueToUseOfVolatileInhalants Dementia due to Use of Volatile Inhalants "Dementia due to use of volatile inhalants is characterised by the development of persistent cognitive impairments (e.g., memory problems, language impairment, and an inability to perform complex motor tasks) that meet the definitional requirements of Dementia that are judged to be a direct consequence of inhalant use or exposure and that persist beyond the usual duration of action or withdrawal syndrome associated with the substance. The amount and duration of inhalant use or exposure must be sufficient to be capable of producing the cognitive impairment. The cognitive impairment is not better accounted for by a disorder that is not induced by volatile inhalants such as a dementia due to another medical condition." From ICD11 version 09/2020 DemographicInformation Patient Demographic Information C4318886 It refers to the demographic information of person with dementia. Demographic Information DepressedMood SNOMEDCT:366979004 Depressed, Feeling Down, Feeling Blue, Miserable, Low Mood C0344315 Depressed Mood "An emotional state characterized by feelings of sadness, emptiness, and/or tearfulness." - National Cancer Institute Depression MESH:D003863 Mental Depression, Monopolar Depression, Melancholic State C0011570 It is a mental illness. People with depression may feel sad, hopeless, lost, or anger. Depression DestroyingProperty Destruction, Destroying C1948029 It refers to the behaviour of destroying properties. Destroying Property DiabetesMellitus DM MESH:D003920 SNOMEDCT:73211009 Diabetes C0011849 Diabetes Mellitus "A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance." (MeSH) Dietitian MESH:D064686 SNOMEDCT:159033005 Nutritionist C3536818 Dietitian "Persons specially trained and licensed in nutrition sciences and dietetics." - MESH DinnerTime MESH:D062407 SNOMEDCT:307163004 Dinnertime, Evening Meal, Supper Time C0585040 It refers to the time of people having evening meal. Dinner Time DisorganizedSpeech C1866987 It refers to the behaviour of speaking which arises from abnormal thought processes. A person having disorganized speech might talking with nonexistent entities, or quickly jumping from one unrelated topic to another. From https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychopedia/disorganized-speech Disorganized Speech Disorientation MESH:D003221 SNOMEDCT:62476001 C0233407 It refers to the altered mental state. A disoriented person may not known their location and identity, or the time and date. Disorientation DisplayingCalendarProminently It refers to the environmental intervention of putting a calendar/calendars in a prominent place in order that it may readily be seen. Displaying Calender Prominently DisplayingClockProminently It refers to the environmental intervention of putting a clock/clocks in a prominent place in order that it may readily be seen. Displaying Clock Prominently DisruptionToCareRoutine It refers to the effect that the daily care routine could be disrupted by the performance of psychotic symptoms in people with dementia. Disruption to Care Routine DisruptiveVocalisation DV SNOMEDCT:699303006 Disruptive Vocalization, Vocally Disruptive Behavior, Vocally Disruptive Behaviour C3697171 Disruptive Vocalisation "Making vocal utterances that are distressing sounding and socially inappropriate due to their intensity, frequency, duration and/or setting, as a manifestation of some form of brain disease, usually dementia." - SNOMEDCT DistanceSupervision Distant Supervision It refers to the intervention of supervising a person at a distance due to the needs of the person or the safety of staff. Distance Supervision Distraction SNOMEDCT:414039005 Distraction Therapy C1369038 Distraction "Purposeful diverting of attention or temporarily suppressing negative emotions and thoughts away from undesirable sensations." (National Cancer Institute) DistressOfHealthCareProfessional The presence of psychotic symptoms contribute to health care professional's distress. Distress of Health Care Professional DisturbingOtherPersonLivingInLongTermCareFacility Distress to Other Resident It refers to the effect that psychotic symptoms of person with dementia might disturb other person living in the same long-term care facility. Disturbing Other Person Living in Long Term Care Facility DiversionalTherapist Diversional Therapy Assistant, Lifestyle Officer, Leisure and Lifestyle Officer Diversional Therapist "Diversional therapists provide recreational and leisure services for individuals in healthcare centres and in the community to encourage them to take part in activities, assist in their social development and promote a sense of wellbeing." - The Good Universities Guide DiversionalTherapy DT SNOMEDCT:46964002 C0204581 Diversional Therapy "Diversional therapy focuses, not just on physical programs to keep the body in shape, but it also focuses on improving the social and emotional wellbeing of participants." - Skills Training Australia DrugAllergy MESH:D004342 SNOMEDCT:416098002 Drug Hypersensitivity, Medication Allergy, Medicine Allergy, Allergic Reaction to Drug C0013182 Drug Allergy "An allergy to a pharmaceutical product." (HL7V3.0) DurationOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the time during which psychotic symptoms continues. Duration of Psychotic Symptom DustAllergy SNOMEDCT:390952000 Allergy to Dust C0740914 It refers to the allergic reaction to dust. Dust Allergy Echolalia MESH:D004454 SNOMEDCT:64712007 Echo Speech, Echophrasia, Echologia C0013528 Echolalia MESH: "Involuntary ("parrot-like"), meaningless repetition of a recently heard word, phrase, or song." (From Adams et al, Principles of Neurology, th6 ed, p485) EducationToHealthCareProfessional It refers to the education and training that provide health care professionals with knowledge and skills needed to care people with dementia. Education to Health Care Professional EducationalStatus MESH:D004522 SNOMEDCT:266981003 Educational Achievement, Level of Educational Attainment, Educational Qualification, Education Level Completed, Level of Education Attained C0013658 Educational Status "Educational attainment or level of education of an individual" (MESH) EffectOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the consequence causing by dementia-related psychotic symptoms. Effect of Psychotic Symptom EmotionalDistress C0700361 It refers to the highly unpleasant emotional reaction. Emotional Distress EmotionalSupport SNOMEDCT:133921002 Psychological Support C0600015 It refers to actions of providing love, support, acceptance and encouragement to a person. Emotional Support EndTime C1522314 It refers to the time when something/event has ceased. End Time EndocrineImbalance MESH:D004700 SNOMEDCT:362969004 Endocrine Disorder, Endocrine System Disease C0014130 It refers to the condition when there is too much or too little of a hormone in the bloodstream. Hormones are chemicals that are produced by glands in the endocrine system. Endocrine Imbalance EnrolledNurse Enrolled Nurse Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation defined Enrolled Nurse as "an enrolled nurse is a person who has successfully completed an education program of study accredited by the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Accreditation Council and approved by the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. The enrolled nurse provides nursing care, working under the direction, delegation and supervision of the registed nurse." EnvironmentRelatedToTraumaticExperience It refers to the environment related to traumatic experience that could trigger the manifestation of psychotic symptoms in person with dementia. Environment Related to Traumatic Experience EnvironmentalCausativeFactor It refers to the environmental factors that can cause psychotic symptoms in dementia. Environmental Causative Factor EnvironmentalIntervention SNOMEDCT:32051004 Environmental Modification, Environmental Rearrangement, Institutional Environmental Intervention C0204546 It refers to the intervention of modifying environment of people living with dementia. Environmental Intervention ErotomanicDelusion SNOMEDCT:14144000 Erotomanic Delusion Disorder C0270490 Erotomanic Delusion "A delusion that another person, usually of higher status, is in love with the individual." (ICD-11) EthnicBackground MESH:D005006 SNOMEDCT:398089004 Ethnic Group, Ethnicity C0015031 Ethnic Background "A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships. (MESH) EtiologicalAssessmentOfPsychoticSymptomsInDementia EAPSID Etiological Assessment of Psychotic Symptoms in Dementia The Etiological Assessment of Psychotic Symptoms in Dementia evaluates psychosis in dementia from an etiological perspective. From Cohen-Mansfield et al. 2017 "Rethinking Psychosis in Dementia: An Analysis of Antecedents and Explanations" Evaluation Effectiveness Assessment, Efficacy Assessment C0220825 It refers to the activity of evaluating the effectiveness of the intervention, after the administration of the intervention. Evaluation ExecutiveDysfunction Executive Function Deficit, Executive Function Disorder, Impaired Executive Functioning C2748208 It refers to the disruption to the efficacy of the executive functions, which is a grouop of cognitive processes that regulate, control, and manage other cognitive processes. Executive Dysfunction Exercise MESH:D015444 SNOMEDCT:256235009 Physical Exercise C0015259 It refers to the activity requiring physical effort for sustaining or improving health and fitness. Exercise ExppressingEmpathy Express Empathy with Individual's Feelings C0511268 It refers to the activity of expressing insightful awareness of the feelings, mood, sufferings, situations and behavior of another person. Expressing Empathy FactorAffectingImplementationOfNonpharmacologicalInterventionToPsychoticSymptom It refers to the factors that could affect the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions to psychotic symptoms in dementia. Factor Affecting Implementation of Nonpharmacological Intervention to Psychotic Symptom Fall MESH:D000058 SNOMEDCT:217082002 Accidental fall, Falling C0000921 Fall "Falls due to slipping or tripping which may result in injury." (from MeSH 2020) FamilyImmigration It refers to the type of immigration that people choose to live in another country to join their families. Family Immigration FamilyMember MESH:D005190 SNOMEDCT:303071001 Person in the Family C0086282 It refers to the family members of a person. Family Member FamilyMemberFocusedIntervention It refers to the interventions targeting family members of people with dementia. Family Member Focused Intervention FamilyMemberVisit It refers to the treatment that involves having family members of the person with dementia to visit him/her in the long-term care facility. Family Member Visit FamilyName SNOMEDCT:397678008 Surname, Last Name C1301584 Family Name "Family name of person." (SNOMEDCT) FamilyPhotoActivity It refers to the activity of looking at old photos, telling stories about these photos. Family Photo Activity FamilyRole Family Role (History) C0680074 It refers to the role (or character) people play in family. Family Role Father MESH:D005220 SNOMEDCT:66839005 Dad C0015671 It refers to a male parent of a person. Father Fatigue MESH: D005221 SNOMEDCT: 84229001 Lassitude, Decreased Energy, Energy Loss, Lack of Energy, Tired, Tired All the Time, Tired Time, Tiredness, Tired Out, Weariness C0015672 Fatigue "The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli." (MESH) FeatureOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the distinctive attributes of psychotic symptoms in dementia. Feature of Psychotic Symptom FeedingAnimal It refers to the activity of giving food to animals, such as birds and dogs. Feeding Animal Fever MESH:D005334 SNOMEDCT:386661006 Hyperthermia, Elevated Temperature, Pyrexia, Higy Body Temperature, High Temperature C0015967 It refers to the abnormal high body temperature. Fever Fidgeting SNOMEDCT:247910009 C0424235 It refers to the behaviour of making small movements excessively, especially of the hands and feet. Fidgeting Fighting SNOMEDCT:248005005 C0424324 It refers to the behaviour of fighting. Fighting FirstGenerationImmigrant C2047973 It refers to the individuals who were born in a foreign country. First Generation Immigrant FishingGame It refers to the activity of catching artificial fish or playing fishing video game. Fishing Game FoodAllergy MESH:D005512 SNOMEDCT:414285001 Allergy to Food C0016470 Food Allergy "Food allergy is an abnormal response to a food triggered by human body's immune system." (MEDLINEPLUS) FoodPreference MESH:D005518 C0016483 It refers to the preference to one food over another. Food Preference FrequencyOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the rate at which a psychotic symptom occurs over a particular period of time. Frequency of Psychotic Symptom Friend MESH:D033062 SNOMEDCT:113163005 C0079382 It refers to the friends of person with dementia. Friend FriendVisit It refers to the treatment that involves having friends of the person with dementia to visit him/her in the long-term care facility. Friend Visit FrontotemporalDementia FTD MESH:D057180 SNOMEDCT:230270009 C0338451 Frontotemporal Dementia "Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of primary neurodegenerative disorders primarily affecting the frontal and temporal lobes. Onset is typically insidious with a gradual and worsening course. Several syndromic variants (some with an identified genetic basis or familiarity) are described that include presentations with predominantly marked personality and behavioural changes (such as executive dysfunction, apathy, deterioration of social cognition, repetitive behaviours, and dietary changes) or with predominantly language deficits (that include semantic, agrammatic/nonfluent, and logopenic forms), or with a combination of these deficits. Memory function, psychomotor speed, as well as visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities often remain relatively intact, particularly during the early stages of the disorder." From ICD11 version 09/2020 Frustration MESH:D005639 SNOMEDCT:224973000 Feeling Frustrated C0016770 Frustration "The motivational and/or affective state resulting from being blocked, thwarted, disappointed or defeated." - MESH GamblingAddiction MESH:D005715 SNOMEDCT:18085000 Pathological Gambling, Compulsive Gambling C0030662 Gambling Addiction "A disorder characterized by a preoccupation with gambling and the excitement that gambling with increasing risk provides. Pathological gamblers are unable to cut back on their gambling, despite the fact that it may lead them to lie, steal, or lose a significant relationship, job, or educational opportunity. "(National Cancer Institute) Gardening MESH:D051639 C0868963 Gardening "Cultivation of plants (fruit, vegetables, medical herbs) on small plots of ground or in containers." - MESH GardeningHobby It refers to the hobby of gardening. Gardening Hobby GastrointestinalAssessment SNOMEDCT:443466001 Evaluation of Gastrointestinal Tract C2732712 Gastrointestinal Assessment Gastrointestinal assessment includes inspection, auscultation and light palpation of the abdomen to identify visible abnormalities; bowel sounds and softness/tenderness. (Clinical Guidelines - Nursing) GenderIdentity MESH:D005783 SNOMEDCT:263495000 Sex C0079399 Gender Identity MESH: "Socially-constructed identity of male or female." GeneralNursingCareIntervention General Nursing Care C0204650 It refers to the basic care practices that health care professionals can provide to intervene the psychotic symptoms in dementia. General Nursing Care Intervention GeneralPractitioner GP MESH:D058005 SNOMEDCT:59058001 General Practice Physician, Local Medical Officer (LMO) C0017319 MESH 2020 "Physicians whose practice is not restriced to a specific field of medicine." General Practitioner GeneticPredisposition MESH:D020022 SNOMEDCT:47708004 Genetic Susceptibility, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Inherited Predisposition, Inherited Susceptibility, C0314657 It refers to the genetic characteristics that increase the probability of having a disease or disorder. Genetic Predisposition Geriatrician MESH:D000072219 SNOMEDCT:90655003 Geriatric Specialist, Gerontologist, Care of the Elderly Physician C0586872 Geriatrician MESH:"Physicians specializing in physiological and pathological aspects of aging and the aged, including the clinical problems of senescence and senility." Gesture MESH:D005868 C0017510 Gesture "Movement of a part of the body for the purpose of communication." - MESH GivenName SNOMEDCT:408677003 Forename, First Name C1443235 Given Name "Personal name used with a family name to form a full name." (SNOMEDCT) GivingInformation Informing C0700287 It refers to the communication technique that health care professionals should always give a person with dementia the information about what he/she will do and how he/she will do it and why he/she need to do it. Giving Information GlasgowComaAssessment It refers to the actions performed to assess the response to stimuli in patients with craniocerebral injuries. Glasgow Coma Assessment Glaucoma MESH:D005901 SNOMEDCT:23986001 C0017601 Glaucoma MESH: "An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function." GoalAchieved SNOMEDCT:390802008 C1272277 It refers to the outcome that the goal has been achieved. Goal Achieved GoalNotAchieved SNOMEDCT:390801001 C1272276 It refers to the outcome that the goal has not been achieved. Goal Not Achieved Grabbing C4715140 It refers to the behaviour of grasping suddenly and roughly. Grabbing Granddaughter SNOMEDCT:44181008 Grand Daughter C0337561 It refers to a female grandchild of a person. Granddaughter Grandfather MESH:D000066502 SNOMEDCT:34871008 Grandpa C0337475 It refers to the father of a person's father or mother. Grandfather GrandioseDelusion SNOMEDCT:247667002 Grandiosity, Delusion of Grandeur, Grandiose Delusion Disorder C0233681 Grandiose Delusion "A delusion of inflated worth, power, knowledge, identity, or special relationship to a deity or famous person." (ICD-11) Grandmother MESH:D000066502 SNOMEDCT:113157001 Grandma, Grand Mother C0337474 It refers to the mother of a person's father or mother. Grandmother Grandson SNOMEDCT:70578009 Grand Son C0337573 It refers to a male grandchild of a person. Grandson Groaning C4552524 It refers to the behaviour of making a deep inarticulate sound. Groaning GroupExercise SNOMEDCT:361182006 C1276393 Group Exercise It refers to the intervention that a workout is led by an instructor or trainer in a group setting. Grunting C0234892 It refers to the behaviour of making a low, short guttural sound. Grunting Guardian MESH:D007872 SNOMEDCT:58626002 Legal Guardian C0023226 Guardian "An individual who is authorized under applicable State or local law to consent on behalf of a child or incapable person to general medical care including participation in clinical research." - National Cancer Institute GustatoryHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:29139005 Taste Hallucination C0233766 It refers to the "hallucinations of taste in the absence of an actual external stimulus." (ICD-11) Gustatory Hallucination HairCarePreference SNOMEDCT:304219007 C0582056 It refers to the preference to hair care, such as preference for using oil on hair. Hair Care Preference Hallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:7011001 C0018524 Hallucination "Sensory perceptions of any modality occuring in the absence of the appropriate (external) stimulus. The person may or may not have insight into the unreal nature of the perception." (ICD-11) HallucinogenAddiction SNOMEDCT:38247002 Hallucinogen Dependence C0018528 Hallucinogen Addiction "A drug dependence for a hallucinogenic substance." (National Cancer Institute) HandPreference SNOMEDCT:246559009 C0422881 Hand Preference Hand Preference is "the tendency to be more skilled and comfortable using one hand instead of the other for tasks such as writing and throwing a ball." (MEDLINEPLUS) HandWringing Hand Rubbing C0239846 It refers to the behaviour of constant twisting of the hands of a person as an expression of distress or concern. Hand Wringing HarmToSelf It refers to the harm of dementia-related psychotic symptoms to oneself. Harm to Self HavingHaircut It refers to the intervention of having a haircut. Having Haircut HavingRegularRoutine It refers to the intervention of having a regular routine for a person with dementia. Having Regular Routine HavingRegularStaff SNOMEDCT:225788005 Regular Daily Routine C0562339 It refers to the intervention of having consistent and regular staff for providing care to a person with dementia. Having Regular Staff HavingSpareSetOfCertainItem It refers to the intervention of preparing a spare set of items that are often mislaid such as eyeglasses. Having Spare Set of Certain Item Headache MESH:D006261 SNOMEDCT:25064002 Head Pain, Cranial Pain, Cephalalgia, Cephalgia C0018681 Headache "The symptom of pain in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of headache disorders." - MESH HealthCareProfessional SNOMEDCT:223366009 Health Professional, Healthcare Professional C1704312 It refers to all service providers working within the context of the health system, such as doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and medical social workers. Health Care Professional HealthCareProfessionalFocusedIntervention It refers to the interventions targeting health care professionals of people with dementia. Health Care Professional Focused Intervention Hearing MESH:D006309 SNOMEDCT:47078008 Perception of Sound, Audition C0018767 Hearing "The ability of sensing and transducing acoustic stimulation to the central nervious system."(MeSH) HigherHealthcareCost Higher Health Care Cost It refers to the concept that the dementia-related psychotic symptoms can cause higher healthcare cost on the society. Higher Healthcare Cost HistoryOfHeadInjury SNOMEDCT:161587009 C0455587 It refers to the information about history of a head injury. History of Head Injury Hitting SNOMEDCT:284624001 Hitting Other Person, Striking C0562583 It refers to the behaviour of hitting other person. Hitting HittingSelf SNOMEDCT:284756003 Self Hitting C0562716 It refers to the behaviour of hitting oneself. Hitting Self Hobby MESH:D006686 C0019826 Hobby "Leisure activities engaged in for pleasure." - MESH HolisticallyReviewOfCarePlan It refers to the activity that health care professionals holistically review the resident's existing care plan. Holistically Review of Care Plan Howling C0234879 It refers to the behaviour of making a long, doleful cry or wailing sound. Howling HumanContactIntervention SNOMEDCT:82309004 Interpersonal Intervention C0204548 It refers to the treatment that involves having interaction with other people. Human Contact Intervention Husband MESH:D018454 SNOMEDCT:127849001 C0242664 It refers to the male partner in marriage. Husband Hyperkalaemia MESH:D006947 SNOMEDCT:14140009 Excess Potassium, Potassium Excess, Potassium Overload C0020461 Hyperkalaemia "Abnormally high level of potassium in the blood." - National Cancer Institute HypnagogicHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:44780000 Hypnogogic Hallucination C0233773 Hypnagogic Hallucination It refers to the "hallucinations that occur at the onset of sleep, most commonly of the bisual, tactile or auditory modality." (ICD-11) HypnopompicHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:69690008 Hypnapompic Hallucination C0424082 Hypnopompic Hallucination It refers to the "hallucinations that occur during the period of awakening, most commonly of the visual, tactile or auditory modatlity." (ICD-11) IdentificationOfNonpharmacologicalTreatment C4713273 It refers to the activity of identifying the appropriate nonpharmacological treatment for a person. Identification of Nonpharmacological Treatment IdentifyingAntecedentOfBehaviour It refers to the activity that health care professionals identify antecedent events that are associated with manifestation of problem behaviour. Identifying Antecedent of Behaviour IdentifyingConsequenceOfBehaviour It refers to the activity that health care professionals identify the events that follow the behaviour, such as who is negatively affected. Identifying Consequence of Behaviour ImmigrantGenerationStatus It refers to the status of immigrant generation - which generation. Immigrant Generation Status ImmigrationInformation It refers to the information of immigration. Immigration Information ImmigrationType It refers to the type of immigration. Immigration Type InadequateLighting Insufficient Lighting C4061117 It refers to the concept that inadequate lighting may make visual clues less clear, and then cause the presence of psychotic symptoms. Inadequate Lighting InappropriateDressing SNOMEDCT:248162009 Inappropriately Dressed C0424472 It refers to the behaviour of wearing clothes that are not suitable or proper in the circumstances. Inappropriate Dressing InappropriateSexualBehaviour SNOMEDCT:248099006 C0474420 Inappropriate Sexual Behaviour It refers to the behaviour that is a sexual act which is inappropriate within the context in which it is performed. By Hooren and Waterink 2015 "Uncontrolled Sexual Behaviour in Dementia" DOI:10.5772/59979 InappropriateUndressing Inappropriate Disrobing It refers to the behaviour of taking off clothes in the inappropriate circumstances. Inappropriate Undressing InappropriatelyHandlingObject It refers to the behaviour of handling objects inappropriately, such as dumping water jug, and twisting phone card. Inappropriately Handling Object Incontinence SNOMEDCT:48340000 C0021167 Incontinence "Involuntary passage of stool or urine from the body." (National Cancer Institute) IncreasedLikehihoodOfAdmissionToLongTermCareFacility It refers to the concept that dementia-related psychotic symptoms can increase the likelihood of placing person with dementia in a long-term care facility. Increased Likehihood of Admission to Long Term Care Facility IncreasedResourceUtilization It refers to the concept that psychotic symptoms in dementia increase extensive resource utilization. Increased Resource Utilization IndividualTherapyForPsychoticSymptom It refers to the individual therapy used for managing psychotic symptoms in dementia. Individual Therapy for Psychotic Symptom Infection MESH:D007239 C3714514 Infection "Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases." - MESH InformingDoctor SNOMEDCT:304562007 Contacting Physician, Physician Contact C0582446 It refers to the action of communicating with a physician. Informing Doctor InformingRelative SNOMEDCT:304563002 Talking to Relative, Speaking to Relative C0582447 It refers to the act of informing the relative of a person with dementia. Informing Relative InroomIntercom SNOMEDCT:462246006 Inroom Intercom System, Wireless Intercom System C3879062 In-room intercoms can present inappropriate sensory stimulation and can be interpreted as hearing voices talking from the walls. Inroom Intercom Insecurity SNOMEDCT:54038000 C0233497 It refers to the concept that a person does not feeling confident in a situation he/she are in. Insecurity Insomnia MESH:D007319 SNOMEDCT:193462001 Sleeplessness, Insomnia Disorder C0917801 Insomnia is a sleep disorder in which a person has trouble falling and/or staying asleep. Insomnia Institutionalization MESH:D007326 C0021629 It refers to the caring for individuals in institutions. Institutionalization can cause some psychotic symptoms in dementia. For example, a person with dementia may have the delusion that he or she is abandoned by his or her family members when the person is placed in a long-term care facility. Institutionalization InternetGamingAddiction MESH:D000082424 Video Game Addiction, Internet Gaming Disorder C4760905 Internet Gaming Addiction "It is generally defined as the problematic, compulsive use of video games that results in significant impairment to an individual's ability to function in various life domains over a prolonged period of time." (Wikipedia) InterpersonalSkillTraning It refers to the behaviours and tactics a person uses to interact with others effectively. Interpersonal Skill Training Interpreter SNOMEDCT:40570005 C0150646 Interpreter "It refers to someone who mediates between speakers of different languages." (National Cancer Institute) InterpretingNonverbalCommunication It refers to the communication technique of interpreting nonverbal communication, such as gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, tone of voice, body language, and other ways people using for cammunicating without using language. Interpreting Nonverbal Communication InterpretingVerbalCommunication It refers to the communication technique of interpreting confused verbal communication. Interpreting Verbal Communication Intervention MESH:D008722 SNOMEDCT:71388002 Interventional Procedure, Intervention Strategy, Procedure C0184661 It refers to the actual treatments and actions that are performed to treat, or improve psychotic symptoms of a person with dementia. Intervention IntrapersonalCausativeFactor It refers to the things that can cause psychotic symptoms exclusively related to himself/herself. Intrapersonal Causative Factor IntroducingOneselfEachEncounter It refers to the concept that health care professionals should introduce themselves to people with dementia with each encounter positively. Introducing Oneself Each Encounter InvestigatingSuspicion Suspicion Investigation It refers to the activity that health care professionals investigate suspicions to check their accuracy. For example, if a resident's belonging was really stolen by other people or it's a delusion. Investigating Suspicion IronDeficiency SNOMEDCT:35240004 C0240066 Iron Deficiency "Subnormal concentrations of iron resulting from low iron intake, inefficient iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or increased iron loss." - National Cancer Institute Irritability MESH:D007508 SNOMEDCT:55929007 Irritable Mood, Fussiness, Feeling Irritable C0022107 Irritability "Abnormal or excessive excitability with easily triggered anger, annoyance, or impatience." - MESH Isolation It refers to the intervention of keeping people alone or apart from others. Isolation JealousDelusion SNOMEDCT:8330006 Delusion of Infidelity, Infidelity Delusion, Delusional Jealousy, Othello Syndrome C0233689 Jealous Delusion "A delusion that one's sexual partner is unfaithful." (ICD-11) A person with dementia may accuse his or her spouse of infidelity. Because when a married person is placed in a long-term care facility, he or she frequently experiences feelings of betrayal and a loss of trust. Accusing his or her spouse of infidelity can represent the person's attempt to explain these feelings. Kicking C2371406 It refers to the behaviour of hitting or striking someone or something with the foot. Kicking KnittingHobby It refers to the hobby of knitting. Knitting Hobby KnowledgeAboutEnvironmentalEtiologyOfPsychoticSymptom It refers to the environmental causes of psychotic symptoms in dementia. Knowledge about Environmental Etiology of Psychotic Symptom KnowledgeOfHealthCareProfessional It refers to the knowledge that health care professionals have about nonpharmacological intervention to pscyhotic symptoms in dementia. Knowledge of Health Care Professional LanguageInformation It refers to the information about language used by a person. Language Information LegalStatus SNOMEDCT:303186005 C0580275 It refers to the legal status of patient. Legal Status LiaisingWithPharmacist SNOMEDCT:709757003 C4041532 It refers to the act of cooperating with the pharmacist of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern. Liaising with Pharmacist LiaisingWithPhysician SNOMEDCT:709755006 C4041416 It refers to the act of cooperating with the physician of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern. Liaising with Physician LiasingWithRelative SNOMEDCT:225968000 C1279781 It refers to the act of cooperating with relatives of a person with dementia on a matter of mutual concern. Liaising with Relative Loneliness MESH:D008132 SNOMEDCT:267076002 Feeling Lonely C0023974 It refers to the concept of feeling sad and unhappy as a result of lack of companionship or being separated from others. Loneliness LunchTime MESH:D062409 SNOMEDCT:307162009 Midday Meal Time C0585039 It refers to the time of people having midday meal. Lunch Time MOUSEPAD Manchester and Oxford Universities Scale for the Psychological Assessment of Dementia MOUSEPAD stands for Manchester and Oxford Universities Scale for the Psychological Assessment of Dementia. It is a 59-time instrument for assessing the psychopathological and behavioural changes in dementia. It was developed by Allen et al. in 1996. MakingBizarreNoise It refers to the behaviour of making very strange or unusual noise. Making Bizarre Noise Malnutrition MESH:D044342 SNOMEDCT:65404009 Poor Nutrition, Nutritional Deficiency, Undernutrition, Undernutrition Syndrome, Disorder of Nutrition, Dietary Deficiency, Malnourishment C0162429 It refers to the lack of sufficient nutrients in the body. Malnutrition MaritalStatus MESH:D017533 SNOMEDCT:125680007 C0024819 Marital Status "A demographic parameter indicating a person's status with respect to marriage, divorce, widowhood, singleness, etc." (MESH) MassageTherapy MESH:D008405 SNOMEDCT:387854002 Massage, Therapeutic Massage, Physiotherapeutic Massage, Massage Physiotherapy C3536731 Massage Therapy "A therapeutic method of manipulation, methodical pressure, friction, and kneading of the body. (from Taber's)" - National Cancer Institute Thesaurus MedicalHistory C0262926 Medical History "A collection of information about a person's health. It may include information about allergies, illnesses and surgeries, and dates and results of physical exams, tests, screenings, and immunizations. It may also include information about medicines taken and about diet and exercise." - U.S. National Cancer Institute MedicalIllness SNOMEDCT:391104002 Medical Condition, Illness C0221423 It refers to the medical condition that normally receives medical treatment. Medical Illness MedicalOfficer MO SNOMEDCT:224533002 C0557516 "A doctor in charge of the health services of a civilian or military authority or other organization." - LEXICO Powered by OXFORD Medical Officer MedicalPractitioner SNOMEDCT:158965000 C1306754 Australian Government Department of Health, "Medical Practitioner means a person registered or licensed as a medical practitioner under a law of a State or Territory that provides for the registration or licensing of medical practititioners." Medical Practitioner MedicareNumber C1549712 It refers to the patient's medicare number. Medicare Number MedicationChange SNOMEDCT:182838006 Change in Medication It refers to the changes of medication prescribed for the person with dementia. Medication Change MedicationEffect SNOMEDCT:405177001 Medication Response C1319171 It refers to the therapeutic and adverse effects of prescribed medication. Medication Effect MedicationInteraction MESH:D004347 SNOMEDCT:404204005 Drug Interaction C0687133 It refers to a reaction between two (or more) drugs or between a drug and a food, beverage, or supplement. https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv-aids/fact-sheets/21/95/what-is-a-drug-interaction- Medication Interaction MedicationSideEffect MESH:D064420 SNOMEDCT:264519003 Medication Adverse Effect, Medication Adverse Reaction, Adverse Reaction to Drug, Adverse Drug Reaction, Drug Side Effect, Medication Reaction, Drug-induced Side Effect C0041755 It refers to any unwanted or unexpected effects of a medicine. Medication Side Effect MedicationToxicity MESH:D064420 SNOMEDCT:7895008 Drug Toxicity, Drug Poisoning, Medicament Poisoning, Medicinal Poisoning, Poisoning by Drug or Medicine Substance, Intoxication by Drug C0013221 It refers to the health problems that occur as a result of the over-ingestion of a medication - having too much of a drug in a person's system at once. Medication Toxicity MemoryImpairment MESH:D008569 SNOMEDCT:386807006 Memory Deficit, Poor Memory, Bad Memory, Memory Problem, Memory Disturbance, Memory Disorder C0233794 Memory Impairment "Deterioration in memory function" (National Cancer Institute) MentalStatusAssessment Mental Status Examination C3260990 It refers to the activity of assessing the mental status of a person with the focus on decreased arousal, decreased attention, and disorientation. Mental Status Assessment MetabolicDisorder MESH:D008659 SNOMEDCT:30390004 Metabolic Disease C0025517 A metabolic disorder occurs when the metabolism fails and causes the body to have either too much or too little of the essential substances needed to stay healthy. Metabolic Disorder MirrorReflection It refers to the concept that a reflection in a mirror may lead a person with dementia to believe that someone is in the same room. Mirror Reflection MisidentificationDelusion SNOMEDCT:788897000 Delusion of Misidentification, Delusional Misidentification Syndronme C5230199 Misidentification Delusion "A delusion that people in one's enviornment, which may include family members and loved ones, are imposters or actors or are otherwise not who they seem to be." (ICD-11) Monitoring MESH:D008991 SNOMEDCT:182777000 Patient Monitoring, Monitor Patient, Montoring of Patient C0030695 It refers to the act of regularly watch and check a person or condition to see if there is any change. Monitoring MoodDisorder MESH:D019964 SNOMEDCT:46206005 Mood Symptoms in Dementia C0525045 Mood Disorder "Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature." - MESH MoodSwing SNOMEDCT:18963009 Emotional Instability, Mood Change, Emotional Lability, Altered Mood, Labile Mood, Unstable Mood C0085633 Mood Swing "Tendency to dispaly unpredictable and rapidly changing emotions or moods." - PsycINFO Thesaurus Morning SNOMEDCT:73775008 In the Morning, During Morning C0332170 Morning "The time period between dawn and noon." - National Cancer Institute Mother MESH:D009035 SNOMEDCT:72705000 Mum C0026591 It refers to a female parent of a person. Mother MultisensoryStimulation MSS Multisensory Intervention, Psychotherapeutic Rehab Cognitive Multisensory Stimulation C4480123 It refers to the psychotherapeutic rehab cognitive multisensory stimulation of using snoezelen room or a combination of music, touch and smell. Multisensory Stimulation MusicTherapist SNOMEDCT:309412003 C0586937 Music Therapist "Music therapists use music interventions to asses clients' strengths and needs, develop goals, implement services, and evaluate and document progress for individuals of all ages. Music therapists facilitate changes in physical, cognitive, emotional, and/or psychosoical health." from U.S. National Uniform Claim Committee - Health care Provider Taxonomy MusicTherapy MT MESH:D009147 SNOMEDCT:21065008 Music Intervention C0026868 It refers to the use of music to promote well-being. Music Therapy The American Music Therapy Association (AMTA) defines music therapy as "the clinical and evidenc-based use of music intervention to accomplish individualized goals within a therapeutic relationship by a credentialed professional who has completed an approved music therapy program" (American Music Therapy Association 2006). NativeLanguage C1510558 Native Language "It refers to the language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period." (Wikipedia) NeedForInterpreter SNOMEDCT:315593009 C1278519 It refers to the need of an interpreter to assist the conversation between a person who doesn't speak local language and health care professionals. Need for Interpreter Negativism MESH:D009341 SNOMEDCT:58326007 Demonstrated Behavior Negativism C0027562 Negativism "State of mind or behavior characterized by extreme skepticism and persistent opposition or resistance to outside suggestions or advice." (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994) Nephew SNOMEDCT:83559000 C0337579 Nephew "A son of one's brother or sister." - U.S. National Cancer Institute NeurologicalAssessment MESH:D009460 SNOMEDCT:225398001 Neurologic Examination, Neurological Examiniation, Assessing Neurological Status, Neuro Exam C0027853 "Assessment of sensory and motor responses and reflexes that is used to determine impairment of the nervious system." - MESH Neurological Assessment Neurologist MESH:D000072141 SNOMEDCT:563997003 C0237426 Neurologist "Qualified medical professionals who specialize in treating nervous system diseases." - MESH NeuropsychiatricInventory NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, Neuropsychiatric Interview C3539727 The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was developed by Cummings et al. to access dementia-related behavioral symptoms. The NPOI originally examined 10 sub-domains of behavioral functioning: delusions, hallucinations, agitation/aggression, dysphoria, anxiety, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability/lability, and aberrant motor activity. Two more sub-domains have been added since its development: night-time behavioral disturbances and appetite and eating abnormalities. Neuropsychiatric Inventory NeuropsychiatricInventoryClinicianRatingScale NPI-C It is an assessment tool of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia. It is a revised version of the Neuopsychiatric Inventory (NPI), including expanded domains and items, and a clinician rating methodology. It was developed by Medeiros et al. in 2010. Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Clinician Rating Scale NeuropsychiatricInventoryNursingHomeVersion NPI-NH It was developed to help characterize the neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychopathology of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementia when the patients are residents in extended care facilities or other care settings where information is gathered from health care professionals. The NPI-NH was derived from the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), which was originally developed for the assessment of neuropsychiatric symptoms and psychopathology in community-dwelling patients where information was obtained from family caregivers. The content of the questions of the NPI and NPI-NH are identical but have been rephrased appropriately. In addition, the caregiver distress scale of the NPI has been changed to an occupational disruptiveness scale for the NPI-NH to allow an assessment of the impact of behavioral disturbances on professional caregivers. Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Nursing Home Version Neuropsychiatrist SNOMEDCT:21450003 Neuro-psychiatrist C0334912 Neuropsychiatrist "A neuropsychiatrist is a psychiatrist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the brain which cause behavioral, psychological and psychiatric symptoms." - Brain Injury Alliance of New Jersey NewRoommate It refers to the enviornmental change of having a new roommate. New Roommate NicotineAddiction MESH:D014029 C5241305 "Nicotine addiction occurs when a person becomes addicted to nicotine, which is a chemical found in tobacco." (HealthLine.com) Nicotine Addiction Niece SNOMEDCT:34581001 C0337578 Niece "A daughter of one's brother or sister." - U.S. National Cancer Institute Night SNOMEDCT:2546009 At Night, Nocturnal, Night Time C0240526 Night "The time in every 24 hour period when it is dark." - National Cancer Institute NihilisticDelusion SNOMEDCT:247679002 C0233677 Nihilistic Delusion "A delusion that the self, part of the self, part of the body, other persons, or the whole world has ceased to exist." (ICD-11) Nocturia MESH:D053158 SNOMEDCT:139394000 C0028734 Nocturia "Frequent episodes of urination during the night." - National Cancer Institute Noise MESH:D009622 C0028263 Noise MESH: "Any sound which is unwanted or interferes with hearing other sounds." NoiseControl C0509705 It refers to the control or prevent undesirable or excessive noise. Noise Control NonpharmacologicalIntervention Environmental and Psychosocial Intervention It refers to the intervention which does not use drugs. Nonpharmacological Intervention NonpharmacologicalTreatmentKnowledge It refers to the health care professionals' knowledge of using non-drug approaches to treat psychotic symptoms in dementia. Nonpharmacological Treatment Knowledge NorthEastVisualHallucinationsInterview NEVHI It is a comprehensive assessment tool, developed by Mosimann et al in 2008, for identifying the presence of visual hallucinations; it is helpful to quantify cognitions, emotions and behaviours associated with hallucinations. North-East Visual Hallucinations Interview NumberOfChildren C2229974 It refers to how many children a person has. Number of Children NursesObservationScaleForInpatientEvaluation NOSIE Nurses Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation The Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation is an inpatient ward behavior rating scale containing 80 items of ward behavior. From Fernandez et al. 2008 "Scales to assess psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: critique and recommendations" NursesObservationScaleForInpatientEvalution30Version NOSIE-30 Nurses Observation Scale for Inpatient Evalution - 30 Version It is a revised version of the original version of the Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation with a selection of 30 items. From Hoigfeld et al. 1966 "NOSIE-30: a treatment sensitive ward behaviour scale" ObservingPsychoticSymptom It refers to the activity of observing the psychotic symptoms. Observing Psychotic Symptom OccupationalTherapist OT MESH:D000072087 SNOMEDCT:80546007 C0028807 Occupational Therapist MESH defines Occupational Therapist as "Professionals trained to help individuals develop or regain skills needed to achieve independence in their lives." OccupationalTherapy OT MESH:D009788 SNOMEDCT:84478008 C1318464 It refers to the intervention of developing, recovering, or maintain the meaningful activities, or occupations, of individuals. Occupational Therapy OfferingComfortFood Providing Comfort Food C3650749 It refers to the intervention of providing comfort food to a person, such as biscuits, cheese sticks, almonds and lollipop. Offering Comfort Food OfferingDrink Providing Drink, Giving Drink It refers to the intervention of offering drink to a person with dementia, such as water, warm milk or tea. Offering Drink OlfactionImpairment Impaired Olfaction C4014889 It refers to the damaged sense of smell. Olfaction Impairment OlfactoryHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:39672001 Phantosmia C0233765 Olfactory Hallucination It refers to the "hallucinations involving the perception of odour (e.g., of burning rubber, decaying fish, orange peel) in the absence of an actual external stimulus." (ICD-11) OneOnOneInteraction One on One Time, One to One Interaction, 1:1 time, 1x1 time It refers to the intervention of one-on-one interaction. One on One Interaction Ophthalmologist MESH:D000072163 SNOMEDCT:422234006 C1704292 Ophthalmologist "Qualified medical professionals specializing in medical and surgical treatment of defects and diseases of the eye." - MESH OpioidAddiction MESH:D009293 SNOMEDCT:75544000 Opiate Addiction, Opioid Dependence, Opiate Dependence C0524662 It refers to the addiction to opioids which sometimes called narcotics. Opioid Addiction Optometrist MESH:D000072162 SNOMEDCT:28229004 C0029146 Optometrist "Qualified professionals trained in primary eye and vision care, including measurement of visual abilities, diagnosing disorders of the visual system and provision of treatment such as prescriptions for correction of visual defects with lenses or glasses and vision therapy." - MESH OrganizationalCulture MESH:D015279 C0029242 Organizational Culture "Beliefs and values shared by all members of the organization. These shared values, which are subject to change, are reflected in the day to day management of the organization." - MESH Outburst Emotional Outburst C0679475 It refers to the sudden release of strong emotion. Outburst PANSS SNOMEDCT:273703003 C0451383 Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale is a 30-item scale with 7 positive symptom items, 7 negative symptom items, and 16 general psychopathology symptom items. From Kay et al. 1989 "The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS): rationale and standardisation." PAS The Psychogeriatric Assessment Scales (PAS) provide an assessment of the clinical changes seen in dementia and depression. Psychogeriatric Assessment Scales https://biostats.com.au/PAS/ Pacing SNOMEDCT:74691006 Pacing Up and Down C0562458 It refers to the behaviour of walking with regular slow or fast paces, especially without a particular destination. Pacing Pain MESH:D010146 SNOMEDCT:22253000 Ache C0030193 It refers to the highly unpleasant physical sensation caused by illness or injury. Pain PainAssessment MESH:D010147 SNOMEDCT:225399009 Pain Measurement, Assessing Pain C0030198 It refers to the actions performed to assess the pain of a person. Pain Assessment ParkinsonPsychosisQuestionnaire PPQ Parkinson Psychosis Questionnaire Parkinson Psychosis Questionnaire consists of screening questions for typical early signs and psychotic symptoms in Parkinson Disease and quantifies the frequency and severity of four clinical categories-sleep disturbances, hallucinations/illusions, delusions and orientation. From Brandstaedter et al. 2005 "Development and evaluation of the Parkinson Psychosis Questionnaire: A screening-instrument for the early diagnosis of drug-induced psychosis in Parkinson's disease" ParkinsonPsychosisRatingScale PPRS C5190056 Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale "The Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale was designed to assess the severity of specific symptoms of levodopa-induced psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease. The scale is administered by the clinican and consists of six items, each rated from 1 (no symptoms) to 4 (extreme symptoms); total score ranges from 6 - 24 points." from Friedberg et al. 1998 "Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale: a practical instrument for grading psychosis in Parkinson's disease" PastOccupation Past Work, Former Career It refers to the information about the past occupations (job or profession) of a person. Past Occupation PastoralCare MESH:D010327 SNOMEDCT:105405003 Pastoral Care Intervention, Pastoral Counseling C0030643 Pastoral Care "Counseling or comfort given by ministers, priests, rabbis, etc., to those in need of help with emotional problems or stressful situations." - MESH PastoralCounselor Pastoral Carer C2985482 Pastoral Counselor "A person who is trained to give spiritual and mental health advice." - National Cancer Institute PerceivedGender It refers to the gender of a person that is perceived by oneself. Perceived Gender PerpetuatingFactor Perpetuating factors are those that keep a problem going, such as ongoing substance use and biological patterns (insomnia). Perpetuating Factor PersecutoryDelusion SNOMEDCT:216004 Delusion of Persecution, Paranoid Delusion C1704268 Persecutory Delusion "A delusion in which the central theme is that one (or someone to whom one is close) is being attacked, mocked, harassed, cheated, conspired against, or persecuted." (ICD-11) Person People It refers to human beings related to the management of psychotic symptoms in people with dementia. Person PersonName MESH:D009275 SNOMEDCT:703503000 C0027365 Person Name "Word or set of words by which a person is known, addressed, or referred to." (SNOMEDCT) PersonReorientation Reorientation to Person It refers to the activity of helping patient to figure out who a person is. Person Reorientation PersonWithDementia PwD People with Dementia, Resident, Demented Person, Patient With Dementia, It refers to the person with dementia who is living in the long term care. Person with Dementia PersonWithDementiaFocusedIntervention It refers to the interventions targeting people with dementia. Person with Dementia Focused Intervention PersonalCareAssistant MESH:D009728 SNOMEDCT:224576000 Nurses' Aide, Nursing Assistant, Aid Nurse, Assistant of Nursing, Care Worker, C0028663 Personal Care Assistant National Uniform Claim Committee - Health Care Provider Taxonomy (NUCCPT) defined this term as "(1) An unlicensed individual who is trained to function in an assistive role to the licensed nurse in the provision of patient/client activities as delegated by the nurse; (2) An individual trained (either on-the-job or through a formal course generally of less than one year) and experienced in performing patient or client-care nursing tasks that do not require the skills of a specialist, technician, or professional. Examples of tasks performed include changing clothes, diapers, and beds; assisting patients to perform exercises or personal hygiene tasks, and supporting communicaiton or social interaction." PersonalHistoryOfMentalHealth Personal History of Mental and Behavioral Disorder C2977653 It refers to the personal history of mental and behavioral disorders. Personal History of Mental Health PersonalHygienePreference SNOMEDCT:304218004 C0582005 It refers to the preference to personal hygiene, such as shaving preference, and hair care preference. Personal Hygiene Preference PetKeepingHobby It refers to a hobby of keeping domestic animals as pets. Pet Keeping Hobby PharmacologicalIntervention It refers to the intervention which uses drugs. Pharmacological Intervention PhoneCall It refers to the treatment that involves having conversation with family members or friends of the person with dementia through the phone. Phone Call PhysicalAbility SNOMEDCT:288329007 Ability to Perform General Purpose Physical Activities C0565668 It refers to the ability to perform some physical act, such as move freely and easily. Physical Ability PhysicalEnvironmentalIntervention It refers to the intervention of modifying the physical environment of people living with dementia. Physical Environmental Intervention PhysicalRestraint MESH:D012149 SNOMEDCT:386423001 C0035260 It refers to the intervention of using physical means to restrict the movement of all or part of the body. Physical Restraint PhysicalTherapy MESH:D026741 SNOMEDCT:91251008 Physiotherapy C0949766 Physical Therapy It refers to "therapies to prevent, correct, or alleviate dysfunction of anatomic or physiologic origin, employing physical phenomena such as temperature, light, water, and sound, as well as exercise and massage" according to the Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Thesaurus (CSP). PhysicallyAggressiveBehaviour Physical Aggression, Hurting Behaviour, Hurting C4534295 It refers to the behaviour that is aggressive or combative to self or others. Physically Aggressive Behaviour PhysicallyNonaggressiveBehaviour It refers to the behaviours that are not intending to cause physical harm, but departing from an accepted standard. Physically Nonaggressive Behaviour Physician MESH:D010820 SNOMEDCT:112247003 Doctor, Medical Doctor C0031831 Physician "Individuals licensed to practice medicine." - MESH Physiotherapist C4724245 Physiotherapist "A healthcare profession that assesses, diagnoses, treats, and works to prevent disease, disability, and movement disorders through physical means." - National Cancer Institute Thesaurus PlaceReorientation Reorientation to Place It refers to the activity of helping patient figure out where he/she is. Place Reorientation PlacingCurtainOverWindow It refers to the intervention of placing a curtain over a window. Placing Curtain Over Window PlayingCardHobby C2136032 It refers to the hobby of playing cards. Playing Card Hobby PointingFinger Finger Pointing It refers to the behaviour of pointing at someone with a finger to accuse he/she or suggest he/she is guilty. Pointing Finger PollenAllergy MESH:D006255 SNOMEDCT:44316004 Hay Fever, Allergy to Pollen C0018621 Pollen Allergy "An allergy experienced at a particular time of year when trees or grasses pollinate and elicit an allergic reaction." (Human Phenotype Ontology) Polypharmacy MESH:D019338 SNOMEDCT:129846003 C2922974 It refers to the concurrent use of multiple medications by a patient. Polypharmacy PoorQualityOfLife Lower Quality of Life C3686815 It refers to the concept that psychotic symptoms has an effect on the individual's wellbeing and the ability to enjoy life. Poor Quality of Life PrecipitatingFactor MESH:D015985 SNOMEDCT:410658008 Trigger, Triggering Factor, Provoking Factor C0032930 Precipitating Factor "The factor(s) that cause or trigger the onset of an occurrence." (National Cancer Institute) PredisposingFactor MESH:D015984 Contextual Factor C0032946 Predisposing factors are those that put an individual at risk of developing a problem, such as genetics and life events. Predisposing Factor Preferenece SNOMEDCT:225773000 C0558295 Preference "The act, fact, or principle of giving advantages to some particular person, object, or course of action over others; designated as more desirable." (National Cancer Institute) PreferredLanguage It refers to the language most preferred by a person for communication. Preferred Language PresentBehaviouralExamination PBE It is an interview instrument for measuring behavioural abnormalities in dementia and other neuropsychiatric conditions, which is developed by Hope and Fairburn in 1992. Present Behavioural Examination ProvidingEyeglasses SNOMEDCT:7128000 Provision of Eyeglasses, Provision of Spectacles C0419274 It refers to the intervention of providing eysglasses to a person with dementia. Providing Eyeglasses ProvidingHearingAid SNOMEDCT:281656009 Hearing Aid Provision, Auditory Aid Provision C0554812 It refers to the intervention of providing hearing aids to a person with dementia. Providing Hearing Aid ProvidingOpportunityToDiscussHallucination Provide Patient with Opportunities to Discuss Hallucinations C0515014 It refers to the activity of providing patient with opportunities to discuss hallucinations. Providing Opportunity to Discuss Hallucination ProvidingSensoryAid It refers to the items or devices that are designed to compensate for deficiencies in the sense organs, such as hearing impairment and vision impairment. Providing Sensory Aid PsychiatricDisorder MESH:D001523 SNOMEDCT:74732009 Psychiatric Illness, Mental Disorder, Mental Disease, Mental Illness, Psychological Disorder, Psychological Dysfunction, Mental Dysfunction C0004936 It refers to the mental illness that greatly disturbs the thinking, moods, and/or behaviour and seriously increases the risk of disability, pain, death, or loss of freedom. Psychiatric Disorder Psychiatrist MESH:D011570 SNOMEDCT:80584001 C0033872 Psychiatrist "A medical doctor who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders." - National Cancer Institute. Psychoeducation SNOMEDCT:702545008 C0871175 Psychoeducation is an evidence-based therapeutic intervention for patients that provides information and support to better understand and cope with illness. Psychoeducation Psychogeriatric MESH:D005852 Geriatric Psychiatry Specialty, Geriatric Psychiatry C0017467 Psychogeriatric MESH defined it as "a subspecialty of psychiatry concerned with the mental health of the aged". Psychogeriatrician Old Age Psychiatrist C0586880 It refers to the psychiatrist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illness in elderly people. Psychogeriatrician SNOMEDCT:309364005 Psychologist MESH:D011584 SNOMEDCT:59944000 C0033908 Psychologist "A specialist who can talk with patients and their families about emotional and personal matters, and can help them make decisions." - National Cancer Institute PsychosocialRehabilitation PSR MESH:D0000067250 SNOMEDCT:26890005 Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Mental Health Rehabilitation C0204512 Psychosocial rehabilitation helps people with mental health problems to develop the social, emotional and intellectual skills they need in order to live happily. Psychosocial Rehabilitation PsychosocialTherapy Psychosocial Intervention, Psychosocial Treatment C0869937 Psychosocial Therapy It refers to the treatments that attempt to effect change through the manipulation of social or psychological factors. From Psychiatric Rehabilitation (Third Edition), 2014. Psychotherapy MESH:D011613 SNOMEDCT:75516001 Psychological Therapy, Talking Therapy, Talk Therapy C0033968 Psychotherapy is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular interaction with patients, to help them change behaviour and overcome problems in desired ways. Psychotherapy PsychoticSymptomAssessmentTool SNOMEDCT:446167009 Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale, Psychotic Symptom Assessment Scale C2959702 It refers to the tool or scale which is used to assess the psychotic symptoms of person with dementia. Psychotic Symptom Assessment Tool PsychoticSymptomCausativeFactor Psychotic Symptom Causative Agent It refers to the factors that could cause the psychotic symptoms in dementia. Psychotic Symptom Causative Factor PsychoticSymptomCompletelyStop It refers to the care goal that is the patient's psychotic symptoms are completely stopped. Psychotic Symptom Completely Stop PsychoticSymptomEducationToFamilyMember It refers to the psychotic symptoms education that is provided to family members of people with dementia. Psychotic Symptom Education to Family Member PsychoticSymptomInDementia Psychotic Symptoms in Dementia, Psychoses in Dementia, Psychosis in Dementia, Psychotic Disorder in Dementia Psychotic Symptom in Dementia Psychotic symptoms in dementia are defined as "a disturbance in the perception and/or appreciation of objective reality that could present in people with dementia". (Burns, Jayasinha, and Brodaty 2014 - A Clinician's field guide to good practice: managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia") PsychoticSymptomManagementActivity It refers to the activities conducted for managing psychotic symptoms in dementia. Psychotic Symptom Management Activity PsychoticSymptomManagementOutcome Psychotic Symptom Treatment Outcome, Psychotic Symptom Treatment Effect, Outcome of Psychotic Symptom Treatment It refers to the result of intervention for psychotic symptoms in a person with dementia. Psychotic Symptom Management Outcome PsychoticSymptomStabilize It refers to the care goal of stabilizing (not becoming worse) the psychotic symptoms in a person with dementia. Psychotic Symptom Stabilize PulmonaryInfection SNOMEDCT:128601007 Lung Infection, Infectious Lung Disorder, Infectious Lung Disease, Infectious Disease of Lung C0876973 It refers to the lung infection which can be caused by a virus, bacteria, and fungus. Pulmonary Infection Punching SNOMEDCT:284626004 Punching Other Person C0562585 It refers to the behaviour of stricking other person with the fist. Punching PunchingSelf SNOMEDCT:284757007 C0562717 It refers to the behaviour of stricking oneself with the fist. Punching Self Pushing It refers to the behaviour of moving forward by using force to pass people or cause them to move aside. Pushing Quarantine MESH:D011790 SNOMEDCT:170499009 Contact Isolation, Isolation Quarantine C0034386 Quarantine "Restriction of freedom of movement of individuals who have been exposed to infectious or communicable disease in order to prevent its spread; a period of detention of vessels, vehicles, or travelers coming from infected or suspected contagion. It includes goverment regulations on the detention of animals at frontiers or ports of entrance for the prevention of infectious disease, through a period of isolation before being allowed to enter a country" - MESH RamblingSpeech SNOMEDCT:162208002 C0423982 It refers to the behaviour of talking at length in a confused or inconsequential way. Rambling Speech RapidCognitiveDecline C2750110 It refers to the rapid decrease of the general mental capability of a person. Rapid Cognitive Decline ReadingBook It refers to the activity of reading a book. Reading Book ReadingBookHobby It refers to the hobby of reading books. Reading Book Hobby ReadingMagazine It refers to the activity of reading a magazine. Reading Magazine ReadingNewspaper It refers to the activity of reading a newspaper. Reading Newspaper RealHumanContactIntervention It refers to the treatment that involves of having real social interaction with other people. Real Human Contact Intervention RealityOrientationTherapy C3650753 Reality orientation is a psychological therapy aimed at reducing confusion and inappropriate behaviours in people with dementia. Reality Orientation Therapy Reassurance SNOMEDCT:223476006 Providing Reassurance and Comfort, Reassuring C0514711 It refers to the intervention of letting the person with dementia know health care professionals are there and will keep him or her safe. Reassurance Recognition MESH:D021641 SNOMEDCT:312020002 Psychological Recognition, Psychology Recognition C0524637 It refers to the ability to identify stimuli, like situations, places, people, objects, etc. that a person have seen before. Recognition RecreationalActivitiesOfficer RAO Recreational activities officer will drive the energy, engagement and participation of residents into a range of social, recreational and cultural activities, as well as mental health and wellbeing programs, tha empower the residents' choices and independence. Recreational Activities Officer RecreationalActivity MESH:D011998 Recreation C0034872 Recreational Activity "Activity engaged in for pleasure." - MESH RecreationalTherapy RT MESH:D057173 SNOMEDCT:42364006 Therapeutic Recreation Therapy, Therapeutic Recreation C0034873 Recreational Therapy Recreational therapy is a systematic process that utilizes recreation and other activity-based interventions to address the assessed needs of individuals with illness and/or disabling condition, as a means to psychological and physical health, recovery and well-being. Defined by National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification https://www.nctrc.org/about-ncrtc/about-recreational-therapy/ Redirection Use Diversion to Redirect Inappropriate Behavior, Diverting, Diversion C0547409 It refers to the intervention of assigning or directing a person something else to do as a substitute. Redirection ReferralToASpecialist C0849620 It refers to the act of referring a patient to a specialist for consultation, review, or further action. Referral to a Specialist RefugeeFromWarRelatedArea It refers the imgrant as a refugee from a war related area. Refugee From War Related Area RefugeeImmigration It refers to the type of immigration that a person is forced to flee for their lives (as a refugee) and choose to move to another country . Refugee Immigration RegisteredNurse RN MESH:D009726 SNOMEDCT:224535009 C0687673 Registered Nurse National Cancer Institute (NCI) defined Registered Nurse as "a nurse who has graduated from an accredited registered nursing program, has passed the state exam for licensure, and been registered and licensed to practice by a state authority. R.N.s receive educational preparation through hospital-based diploma programs, community/junior college associate's degree programs, baccalaureate programs, or combinations thereof." Relationship SNOMEDCT:272151006 C0439849 Relationship "A state of connectedness between people, objects, or events; to be associated or connected with something." - U.S. National Cancer Institute. RelationshipWithFamilyMember It refers to the state of connectedness between a person and his/her family member(s). Relationship with Family Member RelationshipWithFriend It refers to the state of connectedness between a person and his/her frined(s). Relationship with Friend RelationshipWithPet It refers to the state of connectedness between a person and his/her pet(s). Relationship with Pet Religion MESH:D012067 C0035039 Religion "A personal or institutionalized system grounded in belief and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe." (from dictionary.com) ReligiousBelief SNOMEDCT:1400009 C0035045 It refers to attitudes towards mythological, supernatural, or spiritual aspects of a religion. Religious Belief ReligiousDelusion SNOMEDCT:247671004 C0424021 Religious Delusion "A delusion involving religious or spiritual themes or subject matter that other members of the person's religious group do not accept as possible." (ICD-11) RelocatingPatientToAnotherAppropriateArea It refers to the intervention of relocating a patient to another area which is appropirate and comfortable. Relocating Patient to Another Appropirate Area RemainingAbility It refers to the abilities that are still existing. Remaining Ability ReminiscenceTherapy SNOMEDCT:228549005 C0150321 Reminiscence Therapy "Using the recall of past events, feelings, and thoughts to facilitate pleasure, quality of life, or adaptation to present circumstances." - Nursing Interventions Classification RemovingDangerousObject Remove From Environment Sharp or Blunt Ojects that could be Used to Injure Patient or Others C0548146 It refers to the environmental intervention of removing objects (sharp or blunt) that could be used to harm or injure patient or others. Removing Dangerous Object RemovingMirror C4710625 It refers to the intervention of removing mirrors from the living environment of a person. Removing Mirror ReorientingPatient SNOMEDCT:53236004 Reorientation C0204745 It refers to the activity of changing the focus or direction of a patient in order to help him/her to find the reality. Reorienting Patient RepetitivePhysicalMannerism It refers to the behaviour of behaving certain physical actions repetitively. Repetitive Physical Mannerism RepetitiveQuestioning SNOMEDCT:609583009 C3662016 It refers to the behaviour of questioning repetitively. Repetitive Questioning Repositioning SNOMEDCT:308739004 C0556030 Repositioning "The act of placing in a new position." - National Cancer Institute ReschedulingRoutine It refers to the intervention fo rescheduling the care routine of person with dementia. Rescheduling Routine Resisting It refers to the refusal to accept or comply with something, such as resisting care. Resisting RespiratoryDisease MESH:D012120 SNOMEDCT:50043002 Respiratory Illness, Respiration Disorder, Disease of the Respiratory System, Respiratory System Disorder, Disorder of Respiratory System C0035204 It refers to the diseases of respiratory system. Respiratory Disease RespiratoryTractInfection URTI MESH:D012141 SNOMEDCT:54150009 Upper Respiratory Infection C00411912 Respiratory Tract Infection "An upper respiratory tract infection is an illness caused by an acute infection, which involves the upper respiratory tract, including the nose, sinuses, pharynx, or larynx." - Wikipedia RestlessSleep SNOMEDCT:12262002 C0235160 Restless Sleep "Restless sleep may involve the following issues: tossing and turning trying to get settled and comfortable; the feeling of being only half-asleep or that you’re not sleeping deeply; constant stirring because your mind is racing; frustration with the inability to sleep soundly; not being able to fall back asleep quickly after waking up unexpectedly. A main sign or symptom of restless sleep is often found the next day, when an individual may feel tired, sluggish, or mentally off." (SleepFoundation.org) Restlessness SNOMEDCT:162221009 Restlessness Behaviour C3887611 It refers to the restless behaviour. Restlessness ReviewingMedicalHistory C0677073 It refers to the activity of reviewing the medical history of a person. Reviewing Medical History Roaring It refers to the behaviour of making a very loud, deep, prolonged sound. Roaring Rocking SNOMEDCT:30189004 Body Rocking, Repetitive Rocking Movements C0005899 It refers to the behaviour of repetitively moving body gently to and from side to side. Rocking RoleIdentity It refers to the role (or character) people play when holding specific positions in groups. Role Identity RoomTemperatureControl SNOMEDCT:278417005 C0457548 It refers to the activity of controlling the room temperature. Room Temperature Control Rummaging It refers to the behaviour of disorganised foraging. Rummaging RushHallucinationInventory RHI C5190207 Rush Hallucination Inventory Rush Hallucination Inventory contains 53 items including informational questions and questions about frequency and duration ratings. From Fernandez et al. 2008 "Scales to assess psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: critique and recommendations" ScaleForAssessmentOfPositiveSymptomsParkinsonsDiseaseAdopted SAPS-PD It is a shortened Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms for Parkinson's disease, developed by Voss et al in 2013. The Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) is a rating scale to measure postive symtpoms in schizophrenia. The scale was developed by Nacy Andreasen and was first published in 1984. Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms - Parkinson's Disease-Adopted Schizophrenia MESH:D012559 SNOMEDCT:58214004 Schizaphrenic Disorder C0036341 Schizophrenia is a significant mental illness that causes someone to have an altered experience of reality. It affects people's thoughts, perceptions and behaviour and interferes with their ability to function in their daily life. Schizophrenia Scratching It refers to the behaviour of marking the surface of something with a sharp or pointed object; and hurting someone's body with one's fingernails. Scratching Screaming SNOMEDCT:81916006 C0521008 It refers to the behaviour of making a loud, piercing sound. Screaming Searching Searching Behaviour C4050474 It refers to the behaviour of thoroughly scrutinizing, especially in a disconcering way. Searching SecondGenerationImmigrant C2047974 It refers to the individuals who have at least one foreign-born parent. Second Generation Immigrant Seizure MESH:D012640 SNOMEDCT:91175000 C0036572 Seizure MESH:"Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory, and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as Epilepsy or "seizure disorder." SelfHarmBehaviour Self Injurious Behaviour, Self Harm, Self Injury, Self Destructive Behaviour, Huring Self C0085271 Self Harm Behaviour "Behavior in which persons hurt or harm themselves without the motive of suicide or of sexual deviation." - MESH SelfTalk Self Talking C0871330 Self Talk "Vocalized or unvocalized speech that is directed to oneself or an imaginary recipient." - Psychological Index Terms SelfmanagementSkillTraining Self-Management and Resistance Training C0814412 It refers to using self-managed coping strategies such as cognitive, interactive, and visual techniques to manage psychotic symptoms. Self-management Skill Training SensoryAbility Sensory Status C4068684 It refers to the ability of the sense organs (e.g., eye, ear, nose, skin) to receive input accurately from the sense organs. Sensory Ability SensoryBoxActivity Fiddle Box, Dementia Fiddle Box It refers to the activity of playing a sensory box, which is container filled with everyday objects to assist people with dementia to interact, communicate, and reminisce. Sensory Box Activity SensoryImpairment Sensory Deprivation, Sensory Deficit, Sensory Defect C3809741 It refers to the concept that people can experience psychotic symptoms because of the damaged physical senses. Sensory Impairment SeverityOfPsychoticSymptom Severity Level of Psychotic Symptom It refers to the severity level of a psychotic symptom in dementia. Severity of Psychotic Symptom Sexuality MESH:D019529 SNOMEDCT:118200004 C0036915 Sexuality "The sexual functions, activities, attitudes, and orientations of an individual." - MESH ShavingPreference SNOMEDCT:304221002 C0582058 It refers to the preference to shaving, such as preference to dry shave or wet shave. Shaving Preference Shouting SNOMEDCT:284594001 Yelling C0562551 It refers to the behaviour of making a loud cry. Shouting Shoving It refers to the behaviour of pushing someone or something roughly. Shoving ShuttingOffBrightLight It refers to shut off bright light. Shutting Off Bright Light ShuttingOffIntercomSystem It refers to the intervention of shutting off the intercommunication system. Shutting Off Intercom System SimulatedPresenceTherapy SPT It refers to the treatment that involves playing a personalized video or audiotape recording of family members to the person with dementia. Simulated Presence Therapy Sister MESH:D035781 SNOMEDCT:27733009 C0337514 It refers to a female sibling of a person. Sister SisterInLaw C2350006 Sister-in-law "A sister by marriage." (National Cancer Institute) SkilledImmigration It refers to the type of immigration that people are invited to live in other countries to fill critical labor gaps and contribute specialized skills. Skilled Immigration Slamming It refers to the behaviour of shutting something (such as a door or window) forcefully and loudly. Slamming SleepDisturbance SNOMEDCT:53888004 Diffculty Sleeping, Sleep Dysfunction, Trouble Sleeping, Disturbance in Sleep Behavior C0037317 Sleep disorders are conditions that result in changes in the way that a person sleep. Sleep disturbances lead to altered dream phenomena, which later lead to frank daytime hallucinations and delusions. Sleep Disturbance SocialEnvironmentalIntervention SNOMEDCT:719861005 Modification of Social Environment C4304386 It refers to the intervention of modifying social environment of people living with dementia. Social Environmental Intervention SocialHistory C3714536 Social History "Past events that occurred between individuals and/or their communities." - National Cancer Institute SocialIsolation MESH:D012934 SNOMEDCT:422650009 C0037421 It refers to the concept that people with dementia can present psychotic symptoms if they are left alone and lack of interaction with others. Social Isolation SocialMediaVideoCall It refers to the treatment that involves having converstion with others through social media video software, such as talking with families using Zoom. Social Media Video Call SocialOuting Going to a Party or Other Social Outing C3842924 It refers to an outing devoted to an social gathering, such as going out for a party or a picnic. Social Outing SocialRole MESH:D012380 C0035820 It refers to the role (or character) people play when holding specific social positions in a functional group, such as a club, sorority, fraternity, or the personnel of such a structure whose purpose is for social interactions. Social Role SocializationHobby It refers to the hobby of socializing with others. Socialization Hobby SomaticDelusion SNOMEDCT:33323008 Somatic Delusion Disorder C0349746 Somatic Delusion "A delusion involving the functioning or appearance of one's body, including of having a serious disease." (ICD-11) SomaticHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:85550003 Hallucinations of Internal Bodily Sensation C0233774 Somatic Hallucination It refers to the "hallucinations involving the perception of an unusual physical state or event within the body, such as an electrical impulse running down one's arms or an object inside one's chest." (ICD-11) Son MESH:D009679 SNOMEDCT:65616008 C0037683 It refers to the male child of a person. Son SonInLaw C2350007 Son-in-law "The husband of one's daughter." (National Cancer Institute) SpacedRetrievalIntervention Spaced retrieval Intervention is a method that helps a person with dementia always place an item in the same location. Spaced Retrieval Intervention SpeakingInExcessivelyLoudVoice It refers to the behaviour of speaking in a voice which is excessively loud. Speaking in Excessively Loud Voice SpeechTherapist ST SNOMEDCT:159026005 Speech Pathologist, Speech Language Therapist C0402015 Speech Therapist "A specialist who evaluates and treats people with communication and swallowing problems." - National Cancer Institute SpiritualBelief SNOMEDCT:1400009 C0683811 It refers to the acceptance of a superior being and is related to an existential perspective on life, death, and the nature of reality. Spiritual Belief Spitting SNOMEDCT:284646009 Spitting at Other Person, Spitting on People C0562604 It refers to the behaviour of ejecting saliva forcibly from one's mouth and spitting at other person. Spitting Staring SNOMEDCT:103262002 C0423086 It refers to the behaviour of looking fixedly or vacantly at someone or something with one's eyes wide open. Staring StartTime SNOMEDCT:398201009 C1301880 It refers to the time at which something is to start or did start. Start Time StimulantAddiction SNOMEDCT:442406005 Stimulant Dependence C2711618 It refers to the addiction to stimulants which are a class of drugs, such as caffeine, amphetamines, and cocaine. Stimulant Addiction StructureOfCare It refers to the structure including all of the factors that affect the context in which care is delivered. Structure of Care Suicide MESH:D013405 SNOMEDCT:44301001 C0038661 It refers to the action of killing oneself intentionally. Suicide Sunbathing MESH:D055108 Sun Bathing C0038813 Sunbathing "Exposing oneself to sunlight or ultraviolet rays." - MESH Sundowning SNOMEDCT:609585002 C1142436 Confusion and behavioural disturbances appear or grow worse in the late afternoon, early evening or at night - the period of sun going down - due to the damaged internal clock in the brain that sense day and night. Sundowning SupportHealthCareProfessionalInRosterChange It refers to the support to health care professionals in changing their rosters. Support to Health Care Professional in Roster Change SupportToFamilyMember Provide Privacy and Support for Family Member C0515044 It refers to the intervention of providing resources, information and services to family members of a person with dementia. Support to Family Member SupportToHealthCareProfessional It refers to the support to health care professionals of people living with dementia. Support to Health Care Professional SupportiveTherapy SNOMEDCT:243114000 Supportive Psychotherapy, Supportive Care C0344211 Supportive therapy is a form of psychotherapy that relies on the therapeutic alliance to alleviate symptoms, improve self-esteem, restore relation to reality, regulate impulses and negative thinking, and reinforce the ability to cope with life stressors and challenges. Supportive Therapy TactileHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:66609003 Hallucination of Tactile Sensation C0233767 Tactile Hallucination It refers to the hallucinations involving the perception of being touched (e.g., feeling like bugs are crawling on the skin, pins being stuck into one's finger) that are not restricted to the period of awakening or the onset of sleep." (ICD-11) TakingVitalSign SNOMEDCT:61746007 Observation of Vital Sign, Vital Signs Assessment C0150404 It refers to the actions performed to assess a person's vital signs, including temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure. Taking Vital Sign Tearing It refers to the behaviour of pulling something apart or to pieces with force, such as tearing books. Tearing TelevisionStimulation It refers to the concept that figures on television are thought to exist in the real environment. Television Stimulation Threat C0749385 A statement of an intention to injury, damage, or other hostile action on someone in retribution for something done or not done. Threat ThrowingObject It refers to the behaviour of using hands to lift something and propel it with force through the air. Throwing Object Time MESH:D013995 SNOMEDCT:410670007 C0040223 Time MESH: "The dimension of the physical universe which, at a given place, orders the sequence of events." TimeReorientation Reorientation to Time It refers to the activity of helping patient figure out the right time. Time Reorientation Tradition C0683624 Tradition "A belief or behavior that is passed from generation to generation in a family, a culture, or a religion."(National Cancer Institute) TransferOfCareToHospital SNOMEDCT:429202003 C1997687 It refers to the health care activity of transfer of care to hospital. Transfer of Care to Hospital TurnOffTelevision It refers to the intervention of turning off the television which is causing the psychotic symptoms of a person with dementia. Turn Off Television Uncle SNOMEDCT:38048003 C0337577 Uncle "The brother of one's father or mother; the husband of one's aunt." - U.S. National Cancer Institute UnfamiliarEnvironment SNOMEDCT:224799004 C0557741 It refers to the environments that people had not visited or experienced or had knowledge of. Unfamiliar Environment UnfamiliarHealthCareProfessional It refers to the concept that health care professionals may not be known or recognized by people with dementia. Unfamiliar Health Care Professional UnifiedParkinsonDiseaseRatingScale UPDRS C3639721 Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale A standardized rating scale originally developed by S. Fahn, R. Elton, and other members of the UPDRS Development Committee in 1987 which is used to evaluate the status of a patient's Parkinson's disease. UrinaryTractInfection UTI MESH:D014552 SNOMEDCT:68566005 Urinary Infection, Urinary Tract Infectious Disease C0042029 It refers to an infection in any part of the urinary system - kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Urinary Tract Infection UsingAbusiveLanguage It refers to the behaviour of using extremely offensive and insulting language. Using Abusive Language UsingAccusatoryLanguage It refers to the behaviour of using the language which indicating or suggesting that one believes a person has done something wrong. Using Accusatory Language UsingAppropriateLighting It refers to the intervention of using appropriate lighting in the living environment of a person with dementia. Using Appropriate Lighting UsingContrastingColouredMaterial It refers to the intervention of using highly contrasting coloured material, such as using signage in black and yellow. Using Contrasting Coloured Material UsingHostileLanguage It refers to the behaviour of using unfriendly language. Using Hostile Language UsingImprovedLighting It refers to the intervention of using improved lighting. Using Improved Lighting UsingLargerTypeface It refers to a particular design of type which is clear and has large sized type, and is good for dementia friendly print Using Larger Typeface UsingNightLight It refers to the intervention of using a night light during the night. Using Night Light UsingObjectFromHome It refers to using objects from home to decorate the living environment of a person with dementia, such as personal memorabilia and furnitures. Using Object From Home UsingObsceneLanguage It refers to the behaviour of using offensive and disgusting language. Using Obscene Language UsingPictureFromHome It refers to using pictures or paintings or photos to decorate the living environment of a person with dementia. Using Picture From Home UsingProfaneLanguage It refers to the behaviour of using disrespect language. Using Profane Language UsingWeightedBlanket It refers to the intervention of using a weighted blanket. Weighted blankets are blankets designed with inserted objects that locally increase the weight to stimulate the sensory system that are intended to improve sleep and to help calm anxiety and stress. Using Weighted Blanket UsinglargerObject It refers to the intervention of using larger objects. Using Larger Object UtilizationOfAuthorityFigure It refers to the intervention of utilizing a power figure to strengthen a calming message. Utilization of Authority Figure VerballyAggressiveBehaviour Verbally Aggressive Behavior It refers to the verbal and vocal agitated behaviours. Verbally Aggressive Behaviour VerballyNonaggressiveBehaviour Verbally Nonaggressive Behavior It refers to the verbal and vocal behaviours that are not aggressive. Verbally Nonaggressive Behaviour ViewingFamilyVideotape It refers to the treatment that involves playing a personalized video recording of family members to the person with dementia. Viewing Family Videotape Vision MESH:D014785 SNOMEDCT:281004000 Visual Function, Sight, Seeing Function, Sense of Sight, Sensory Visual Perception C0042789 Vision It refers to the perception of objects by the eye. (National Cancer Institute) VisitorPreference It refers to the preference to visitors. Visitor Preference VisualHallucination MESH:D006212 SNOMEDCT:64269007 C0233763 Visual Hallucination It refers to the "optical perception of an object, person or event in the absence of a corresponding stimulus." (National Cancer Institute) VisualImpairment MESH:D015354 SNOMEDCT:246635007 Vision Impairment, Poor Vision, Low Vision, Dim Vision, Dimming Vision, Loss of Vision, Loss of Eyesight, Decreased Vision, Diminished Vision, Reduced Vision, Subnormal Vision, Eyesight Issue C0042798 It refers to the damaged ability to see clearly with eyes. Poor vision of a person with dementia can cause hallucination. Visual Impairment VisuospatialFunctionDeficit SNOMEDCT:142281000119109 Cognitive Deficit in Visuospatial Function C4543355 It refers to the cognitive deficit in visuospatial function. It typically involves deficits in distinguishing line orientation or curved and straight lines or the inability to separate figure and ground overlapping elements in a scene. Visuospatial Function Deficit Walking MESH:D016138 SNOMEDCT:129006008 Walk C0080331 Walking "An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion." - MESH Wandering MESH:D055816 Wandering Behaviour, Wandering in Dementia C0871597 Wandering "Moving oneself through space while confused or otherwise cognitively impaired."- MESH WatchingMovie It refers to the activity of watching a movie, such as an old action movie. Watching Movie WatchingSportShowHobby It refers to the hobby of watching sports show, such as watching tennis show, and football show. Watching Sport Show Hobby WatchingTV C3827501 It refers to the activity of watching TV. Watching TV WeightLoss MESH:D015431 SNOMEDCT:262285001 Weight Decreased, Lose Weight, Losing Weight, Decreased Weight C1262477 Weight Loss "Decrease in existing body weight." - MESH Wife MESH:D018454 SNOMEDCT:127850001 C0242665 It refers to the female partner in marriage. Wife WindowReflection It refers to the concept that a reflection in a window may lead a person with dementia to believe that someone is in the same room. Window Reflection Yoga Yoga Activity C2979879 It refers to the yoga as a recreational activity. Yoga v1.0 Zhenyu Zhang 28/02/2021 This ontology is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA International 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Dementia-Related Psychotic Symptoms Non-Pharmacological Treatment Ontology (DRPSNPTO) The DRPSNPTO ontology represents the domain knowledge specific to non-pharmacological treatment of psychotic symptoms in dementia in the long-term care setting. v1.0