DAG-Edit 1.419 rev 3 05:01:2007 09:19 rex.obo 1.0 kirill autogenerated-by: DAG-Edit version 1.419 rev 3 date: Thu Jan 04 14:25:43 GMT 2007 saved-by: kirill version: $Revision: 1.13 $ definition database_cross_reference has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace has_related_synonym rex.obo BY can be determined by rex.obo disjoint_from disjoint from rex.obo inverse_of inverse of rex.obo is_a is a rex.obo part_of Part of rex.obo REX:0000000 physico-chemical process ontology REX:0000000 A phenomenon by which change takes place in a system. In physiological systems, a process may be chemical, physical or both. rex.obo physico-chemical process REX:0000001 process REX:0000001 A phenomenon by which change takes place in a system. In physiological systems, a process may be chemical, physical or both. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04858.html A process involving the interconversion of chemical species. rex.obo REX:0000002 chemical reaction REX:0000002 A process involving the interconversion of chemical species. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01033.html The change of one nuclide into another with a different proton number or nucleon number. rex.obo REX:0000003 nuclear transformation REX:0000003 The change of one nuclide into another with a different proton number or nucleon number. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04240.html A spontaneous nuclear transformation. rex.obo REX:0000004 nuclear decay REX:0000004 A spontaneous nuclear transformation. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04227.html Nuclear decay involving a splitting into more nuclei or the emission of particles. rex.obo REX:0000005 nuclear disintegration REX:0000005 Nuclear decay involving a splitting into more nuclei or the emission of particles. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04228.html A nuclear transformation in which the nucleus captures an orbital electron. rex.obo REX:0000006 electron capture REX:0000006 A nuclear transformation in which the nucleus captures an orbital electron. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01980.html Nuclear decay in which a beta particle is emitted or in which orbital electron capture occurs. rex.obo REX:0000007 beta-decay REX:0000007 Nuclear decay in which a beta particle is emitted or in which orbital electron capture occurs. http://goldbook.iupac.org/B00572.html A reaction between two light nuclei resulting in the production of a nuclear species heavier than either initial nucleus. rex.obo nuclear fusion REX:0000008 nuclear fusion reaction REX:0000008 A reaction between two light nuclei resulting in the production of a nuclear species heavier than either initial nucleus. ISBN:0865426848 http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04232.html Capture of a particle by a nucleus followed by immediate emission of gamma radiation. rex.obo REX:0000009 radiative capture REX:0000009 Capture of a particle by a nucleus followed by immediate emission of gamma radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05061.html A process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle. rex.obo REX:0000010 capture REX:0000010 A process in which an atomic or nuclear system acquires an additional particle. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00796.html For a nucleus a change from one quantized energy state into another or a nuclear transformation. rex.obo REX:0000011 nuclear transition REX:0000011 For a nucleus a change from one quantized energy state into another or a nuclear transformation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04241.html Nuclear decay in which particles or electromagnetic radiation are emitted or the nucleus undergoes spontaneous fission or electron capture. rex.obo REX:0000012 radioactive decay REX:0000012 Nuclear decay in which particles or electromagnetic radiation are emitted or the nucleus undergoes spontaneous fission or electron capture. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05083.html Nuclear fission which occurs without the addition of particles or energy to the nucleus. rex.obo fission REX:0000013 spontaneous fission REX:0000013 Nuclear fission which occurs without the addition of particles or energy to the nucleus. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05887.html rex.obo REX:0000014 subatomic process REX:0000014 The division of a nucleus into two or more parts with masses of equal order of magnitude, usually accompanied by the emission of neutrons, gamma radiation and, rarely, small charged nuclear fragments. rex.obo REX:0000015 nuclear fission REX:0000015 The division of a nucleus into two or more parts with masses of equal order of magnitude, usually accompanied by the emission of neutrons, gamma radiation and, rarely, small charged nuclear fragments. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04229.html Fission caused by thermal neutrons. rex.obo REX:0000016 thermal fission REX:0000016 Fission caused by thermal neutrons. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06302.html Radioactive decay in which an alpha particle is emitted. rex.obo REX:0000017 alpha-decay REX:0000017 Radioactive decay in which an alpha particle is emitted. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00005.html rex.obo REX:0000018 gamma-decay REX:0000018 rex.obo REX:0000019 gamma emission REX:0000019 rex.obo REX:0000020 internal conversion REX:0000020 rex.obo REX:0000021 internal pair production REX:0000021 rex.obo beta emission beta negative emission beta- emission negative beta decay REX:0000022 electron emission REX:0000022 rex.obo beta positive emission beta+ emission positive beta decay REX:0000023 positron emission REX:0000023 rex.obo REX:0000024 induced fission REX:0000024 A transformation of a nucleus which occurs (i) when another nuclear particle approaches closely enough to be influenced by the mutual attractive nuclear force between them or (ii) when affected by an electromagnetic force of sufficient strength. rex.obo REX:0000025 nuclear reaction REX:0000025 A transformation of a nucleus which occurs (i) when another nuclear particle approaches closely enough to be influenced by the mutual attractive nuclear force between them or (ii) when affected by an electromagnetic force of sufficient strength. http://www.iupac.org/ACD/V7_karol/N.html#anchor425553 Process causing the transition of a system from one state to another of higher energy. rex.obo REX:0000026 excitation REX:0000026 Process causing the transition of a system from one state to another of higher energy. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02248.html The production of an excited state by the absorption of ultraviolet, visible, or infrared radiation. rex.obo REX:0000027 photoexcitation REX:0000027 The production of an excited state by the absorption of ultraviolet, visible, or infrared radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04613.html The transfer of an electron from one molecular entity to another, or between two localized sites in the same molecular entity. rex.obo REX:0000028 electron transfer REX:0000028 The transfer of an electron from one molecular entity to another, or between two localized sites in the same molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02011.html A reaction in which the electron transfer takes place with no or very weak (4-16 kJ/mol) electronic interaction between the reactants in the transition state. rex.obo REX:0000029 outer-sphere electron transfer REX:0000029 A reaction in which the electron transfer takes place with no or very weak (4-16 kJ/mol) electronic interaction between the reactants in the transition state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04351.html A reaction in which the electron transfer takes place with significant (>20 kJ/mol) electronic interaction between the donor and acceptor centres in the transition state. rex.obo REX:0000030 inner-sphere electron transfer REX:0000030 A reaction in which the electron transfer takes place with significant (>20 kJ/mol) electronic interaction between the donor and acceptor centres in the transition state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03052.html An electron transfer resulting from an electronic state produced by the resonant interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. rex.obo REX:0000031 photoinduced electron transfer REX:0000031 An electron transfer resulting from an electronic state produced by the resonant interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04617.html Photoexcitation and subsequent events which lead from one to another state of a molecular entity through radiation and radiationless transitions. No chemical change results. rex.obo REX:0000032 photophysical process REX:0000032 Photoexcitation and subsequent events which lead from one to another state of a molecular entity through radiation and radiationless transitions. No chemical change results. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04647.html A chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet, visible, or infrared radiation. rex.obo photoreaction REX:0000033 photochemical reaction REX:0000033 A chemical reaction caused by absorption of ultraviolet, visible, or infrared radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04585.html The cleavage of one or more covalent bonds in a molecular entity resulting from absorption of light. rex.obo REX:0000034 photolysis REX:0000034 The cleavage of one or more covalent bonds in a molecular entity resulting from absorption of light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04624.html Ionization of any species by photons. rex.obo REX:0000035 photoionization REX:0000035 Ionization of any species by photons. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04620.html Catalytic reaction involving light absorption by a catalyst or by a substrate. rex.obo REX:0000036 photocatalysis REX:0000036 Catalytic reaction involving light absorption by a catalyst or by a substrate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04580.html Catalytic reaction involving production of a catalyst by absorption of light. rex.obo REX:0000037 photoassisted catalysis REX:0000037 Catalytic reaction involving production of a catalyst by absorption of light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04579.html Luminescence arising from photoexcitation. rex.obo REX:0000038 photoluminescence REX:0000038 Luminescence arising from photoexcitation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04623.html A photophysical process in which an excited state of one molecular entity (the donor) is deactivated to a lower-lying state by transferring energy to a second molecular entity (the acceptor) which is thereby raised to a higher energy state. rex.obo energy transfer REX:0000039 excitation energy transfer REX:0000039 A photophysical process in which an excited state of one molecular entity (the donor) is deactivated to a lower-lying state by transferring energy to a second molecular entity (the acceptor) which is thereby raised to a higher energy state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02116.html Transfer of excitation energy by radiative deactivation of a donor molecular entity and reabsorption of the emitted light by an acceptor molecular entity. rex.obo REX:0000040 radiative energy transfer REX:0000040 Transfer of excitation energy by radiative deactivation of a donor molecular entity and reabsorption of the emitted light by an acceptor molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05063.html A mechanism of excitation transfer which can occur between molecular entities separated by distances considerably exceeding the sum of their van der Waals radii. rex.obo dipole-dipole excitation transfer REX:0000041 Forster excitation transfer REX:0000041 A mechanism of excitation transfer which can occur between molecular entities separated by distances considerably exceeding the sum of their van der Waals radii. http://goldbook.iupac.org/F02488.html Excitation transfer occurring as a result of an electron exchange mechanism. It requires an overlap of the wavefunctions of the energy donor and the energy acceptor. rex.obo electron exchange excitation transfer REX:0000042 Dexter excitation transfer REX:0000042 Excitation transfer occurring as a result of an electron exchange mechanism. It requires an overlap of the wavefunctions of the energy donor and the energy acceptor. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01654.html Luminescence which occurs essentially only during the irradiation of a substance by electromagnetic radiation. rex.obo REX:0000043 fluorescence REX:0000043 Luminescence which occurs essentially only during the irradiation of a substance by electromagnetic radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/F02453.html Luminescence involving change in spin multiplicity. rex.obo REX:0000044 phosphorescence REX:0000044 Luminescence involving change in spin multiplicity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04569.html Reduction reactions induced by light. rex.obo REX:0000045 photoreduction REX:0000045 Reduction reactions induced by light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04650.html A combined process of photon absorption by an atom followed by spontaneous photon emission. rex.obo REX:0000046 atomic fluorescence REX:0000046 A combined process of photon absorption by an atom followed by spontaneous photon emission. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00494.html Oxidation reactions induced by light. rex.obo REX:0000047 photooxidation REX:0000047 Oxidation reactions induced by light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04640.html The complete transfer of one or more electrons to a molecular entity. rex.obo reduction REX:0000048 electronation REX:0000048 The complete transfer of one or more electrons to a molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05222.html The complete removal of one or more electrons from a molecular entity. rex.obo oxidation REX:0000049 de-electronation REX:0000049 The complete removal of one or more electrons from a molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04362.html The incorporation of molecular oxygen into a molecular entity induced by light. rex.obo REX:0000050 photooxygenation REX:0000050 The incorporation of molecular oxygen into a molecular entity induced by light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04641.html rex.obo REX:0000051 catalytic reaction REX:0000051 A chemical reaction in which a product (or a reaction intermediate) also functions as a catalyst. rex.obo REX:0000052 autocatalytic reaction REX:0000052 A chemical reaction in which a product (or a reaction intermediate) also functions as a catalyst. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00525.html A reaction in which one or more reactive reaction intermediates are continuously regenerated, usually through a repetitive cycle of elementary steps (the 'propagation step'). rex.obo REX:0000053 chain reaction REX:0000053 A reaction in which one or more reactive reaction intermediates are continuously regenerated, usually through a repetitive cycle of elementary steps (the 'propagation step'). http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00960.html A sequence of reactions such as shown in equations [1]-[3], leading from A to B: [1] A + e- --> A.- ; [2] A.- --> B.- ; [3] B.- + A --> B + A.- ; an analogous sequence involving radical cations (A.+, B.+) is also observed. rex.obo electron-transfer catalysis REX:0000054 electron-transfer induced chain reaction REX:0000054 A sequence of reactions such as shown in equations [1]-[3], leading from A to B: [1] A + e- --> A.- ; [2] A.- --> B.- ; [3] B.- + A --> B + A.- ; an analogous sequence involving radical cations (A.+, B.+) is also observed. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02012.html A reaction for which no reaction intermediates have been detected or need to be postulated in order to describe the chemical reaction on a molecular scale. rex.obo REX:0000055 elementary reaction REX:0000055 A reaction for which no reaction intermediates have been detected or need to be postulated in order to describe the chemical reaction on a molecular scale. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02035.html A chemical reaction with at least one reaction intermediate and involving at least two consecutive elementary reactions. rex.obo consecutive reactions REX:0000056 stepwise reaction REX:0000056 A chemical reaction with at least one reaction intermediate and involving at least two consecutive elementary reactions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05970.html A chemical reaction for which the expression for the rate of disappearance of a reactant (or rate of appearance of a product) involves rate constants of more than a single elementary reaction. rex.obo REX:0000057 composite reaction REX:0000057 A chemical reaction for which the expression for the rate of disappearance of a reactant (or rate of appearance of a product) involves rate constants of more than a single elementary reaction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01211.html An elementary reaction, constituting one of the stages of a stepwise reaction in which a reaction intermediate (or, for the first step, the reactants) is converted into the next reaction intermediate (or, for the last step, the products) in the sequence of intermediates between reactants and products. rex.obo REX:0000058 reaction step REX:0000058 An elementary reaction, constituting one of the stages of a stepwise reaction in which a reaction intermediate (or, for the first step, the reactants) is converted into the next reaction intermediate (or, for the last step, the products) in the sequence of intermediates between reactants and products. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05178.html rex.obo REX:0000059 chain reaction step REX:0000059 A reaction or process generating free radicals (or some other reactive reaction intermediates) which then induce a chain reaction. rex.obo initiation REX:0000060 chain initiation REX:0000060 A reaction or process generating free radicals (or some other reactive reaction intermediates) which then induce a chain reaction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03042.html When in a chain reaction there is a net increase in the number of chain carriers there is said to be chain branching. rex.obo REX:0000061 chain branching REX:0000061 When in a chain reaction there is a net increase in the number of chain carriers there is said to be chain branching. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00948.html Sometimes chain branching is brought about by an intermediate which has a long lifetime compared with an ordinary free radical. If this intermediate can break down in different ways, only one of which leads to branching, there may be a relatively slow increase in the number of radicals, and there is said to be degenerate chain branching. rex.obo REX:0000062 degenerate chain branching REX:0000062 Sometimes chain branching is brought about by an intermediate which has a long lifetime compared with an ordinary free radical. If this intermediate can break down in different ways, only one of which leads to branching, there may be a relatively slow increase in the number of radicals, and there is said to be degenerate chain branching. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01557.html The steps in a chain reaction in which reactive intermediates are destroyed or rendered inactive, thus ending the chain. rex.obo termination REX:0000063 chain termination REX:0000063 The steps in a chain reaction in which reactive intermediates are destroyed or rendered inactive, thus ending the chain. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06274.html An elementary step in a chain reaction in which one chain carrier is converted into another. The conversion can be a unimolecular reaction or a bimolecular reaction with a reactant molecule. rex.obo chain-propagating reaction propagating reaction REX:0000064 chain propagation REX:0000064 An elementary step in a chain reaction in which one chain carrier is converted into another. The conversion can be a unimolecular reaction or a bimolecular reaction with a reactant molecule. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00959.html A chain reaction which includes a propagation step or steps in which there is an increase in the number of active intermediates. rex.obo REX:0000065 branching chain reaction REX:0000065 A chain reaction which includes a propagation step or steps in which there is an increase in the number of active intermediates. http://goldbook.iupac.org/B00723.html An elementary reaction the rate constant for which exerts a strong effect - stronger than that of any other rate constant - on the overall rate. rex.obo rate-determining step rate-limiting REX:0000066 rate-controlling step REX:0000066 An elementary reaction the rate constant for which exerts a strong effect - stronger than that of any other rate constant - on the overall rate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05139.html The step of a stepwise reaction, in which the product distribution is determined. The product-determining step may be identical to, or occur later than, the rate-controlling step on the reaction coordinate. rex.obo REX:0000067 product-determining step REX:0000067 The step of a stepwise reaction, in which the product distribution is determined. The product-determining step may be identical to, or occur later than, the rate-controlling step on the reaction coordinate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04862.html A set of one or more (possibly experimentally inseparable) reaction steps leading to and/or from a detectable or presumed reaction intermediate. rex.obo REX:0000068 reaction stage REX:0000068 A set of one or more (possibly experimentally inseparable) reaction steps leading to and/or from a detectable or presumed reaction intermediate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05177.html Composite reactions, in which processes like A --> Y and B --> Z occur in parallel. rex.obo simultaneous reactions REX:0000069 parallel reactions REX:0000069 Composite reactions, in which processes like A --> Y and B --> Z occur in parallel. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05680.html Composite reactions, occurring in forward and reverse directions: A + B <=> Z. rex.obo REX:0000070 opposing reactions REX:0000070 Composite reactions, occurring in forward and reverse directions: A + B <=> Z. http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04302.html rex.obo REX:0000071 biomacromolecule-catalysed reaction REX:0000071 rex.obo enzyme-catalysed reaction REX:0000072 enzymatic reaction REX:0000072 rex.obo catalytic antibody reaction REX:0000073 abzymatic reaction REX:0000073 PUBMED:12022469 PUBMED:12041740 PUBMED:12044032 rex.obo deoxyribozyme-catalysed reaction REX:0000074 deoxyribozymatic reaction REX:0000074 PUBMED:12749730 rex.obo REX:0000075 nucleic acid-catalysed reaction REX:0000075 PUBMED:12831882 PUBMED:12869701 PUBMED:13678961 rex.obo ribozyme-catalysed reaction REX:0000076 ribozymatic reaction REX:0000076 rex.obo REX:0000077 protein-catalysed reaction REX:0000077 The action of a catalyst. rex.obo REX:0000078 catalysis REX:0000078 The action of a catalyst. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00874.html The catalysis of a chemical reaction by a series of Bronsted acids HA (which may include the solvated hydrogen ion). The acids HA are unchanged by the overall reaction. rex.obo REX:0000079 general acid catalysis REX:0000079 The catalysis of a chemical reaction by a series of Bronsted acids HA (which may include the solvated hydrogen ion). The acids HA are unchanged by the overall reaction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02609.html The catalysis of a chemical reaction by a series of Bronsted bases (which may include the lyate ion). rex.obo REX:0000080 general base catalysis REX:0000080 The catalysis of a chemical reaction by a series of Bronsted bases (which may include the lyate ion). http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02610.html The acceleration of a reaction by a unique catalyst, rather than by a family of related substances. rex.obo REX:0000081 specific catalysis REX:0000081 The acceleration of a reaction by a unique catalyst, rather than by a family of related substances. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05796.html Catalysis in which only one phase is involved. rex.obo REX:0000082 homogeneous catalysis REX:0000082 Catalysis in which only one phase is involved. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00876.html Catalysis occurring at or near an interface between phases. rex.obo REX:0000083 heterogeneous catalysis REX:0000083 Catalysis occurring at or near an interface between phases. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00876.html rex.obo REX:0000084 noncatalytic reaction REX:0000084 A chemical reaction caused by absorption of thermal energy. rex.obo REX:0000085 thermal reaction REX:0000085 A chemical reaction caused by absorption of thermal energy. EBI:kid The uncatalysed cleavage of one or more covalent bonds resulting from exposure of a compound to a raised temperature, or a process in which such cleavage is an essential part. rex.obo REX:0000086 thermolysis REX:0000086 The uncatalysed cleavage of one or more covalent bonds resulting from exposure of a compound to a raised temperature, or a process in which such cleavage is an essential part. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06326.html The conversion of a substrate into a particular product, irrespective of reagents or mechanisms involved. rex.obo REX:0000087 transformation REX:0000087 The conversion of a substrate into a particular product, irrespective of reagents or mechanisms involved. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06446.html Transformation of the general type: AX + Y --> AY + X. rex.obo REX:0000088 substitution REX:0000088 Transformation of the general type: AX + Y --> AY + X. EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000089 addition REX:0000089 A reaction in which two or more unsaturated molecules (or parts of the same molecule) combine with the formation of a cyclic adduct in which there is a net reduction of the bond multiplicity. rex.obo REX:0000090 cycloaddition REX:0000090 A reaction in which two or more unsaturated molecules (or parts of the same molecule) combine with the formation of a cyclic adduct in which there is a net reduction of the bond multiplicity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01496.html A chemical reaction resulting in a single reaction product from two or three reacting chemical species, with formation of two new chemical bonds to the same atom in one of the reactant molecular entities. rex.obo 1/1/addition REX:0000091 alpha-addition REX:0000091 A chemical reaction resulting in a single reaction product from two or three reacting chemical species, with formation of two new chemical bonds to the same atom in one of the reactant molecular entities. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00001.html In an elimination two groups (called eliminands) are lost most often from two different centres (1/2/elimination or 1/3/elimination, etc.) with concomitant formation of an unsaturation in the molecule (double bond, triple bond) or formation of a new ring. rex.obo REX:0000092 elimination REX:0000092 In an elimination two groups (called eliminands) are lost most often from two different centres (1/2/elimination or 1/3/elimination, etc.) with concomitant formation of an unsaturation in the molecule (double bond, triple bond) or formation of a new ring. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02038.html A transformation of the general type: R-Z(X)(Y)-R' --> R-Z-R' + XY [or X + Y, or X(+) + X(-)] rex.obo REX:0000093 alpha-elimination REX:0000093 A transformation of the general type: R-Z(X)(Y)-R' --> R-Z-R' + XY [or X + Y, or X(+) + X(-)] http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00007.html rex.obo molecular rearrangement REX:0000094 rearrangement REX:0000094 In the intramolecular rearrangement, the atoms and groups that are common to a reactant and a product never separate into independent fragments during the rearrangement stage. rex.obo true molecular rearrangement REX:0000095 intramolecular rearrangement REX:0000095 In the intramolecular rearrangement, the atoms and groups that are common to a reactant and a product never separate into independent fragments during the rearrangement stage. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03997.html In an intermolecular rearrangement, a migrating group is completely free from the parent molecule and is re-attached to a different position in a subsequent step. rex.obo apparent rearrangement REX:0000096 intermolecular rearrangement REX:0000096 In an intermolecular rearrangement, a migrating group is completely free from the parent molecule and is re-attached to a different position in a subsequent step. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03997.html A molecular rearrangement in which the principal product is indistinguishable (in the absence of isotopic labelling) from the principal reactant. rex.obo REX:0000097 degenerate rearrangement REX:0000097 A molecular rearrangement in which the principal product is indistinguishable (in the absence of isotopic labelling) from the principal reactant. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01559.html A chemical reaction, the principal product of which is isomeric with the principal reactant. rex.obo isomerisation REX:0000098 isomerization REX:0000098 A chemical reaction, the principal product of which is isomeric with the principal reactant. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03295.html A chemical reaction or transformation of the general type: X-Z + Y --> X-Y-Z, in which the connecting atom or group Y replaces the bond joining the parts X and Z of the reactant XZ. rex.obo REX:0000099 insertion REX:0000099 A chemical reaction or transformation of the general type: X-Z + Y --> X-Y-Z, in which the connecting atom or group Y replaces the bond joining the parts X and Z of the reactant XZ. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03058.html A transformation in which an atom or group Y connected to two other atoms or groups X and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which X is bonded to Z, e.g. X-Y-Z --> X-Z + Y. rex.obo REX:0000100 extrusion REX:0000100 A transformation in which an atom or group Y connected to two other atoms or groups X and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which X is bonded to Z, e.g. X-Y-Z --> X-Z + Y. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02311.html A form of cycloaddition across the terminal atoms of a fully conjugated system with formation of two new sigma-bonds to a single atom of the ('monocentric') reagent. There is formal loss of one pi-bond in the substrate and an increase in coordination number of the relevant atom of the reagent. rex.obo REX:0000101 cheletropic reaction REX:0000101 A form of cycloaddition across the terminal atoms of a fully conjugated system with formation of two new sigma-bonds to a single atom of the ('monocentric') reagent. There is formal loss of one pi-bond in the substrate and an increase in coordination number of the relevant atom of the reagent. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01014.html rex.obo REX:0000102 cheletropic elimination REX:0000102 rex.obo REX:0000103 biochemical reaction REX:0000103 rex.obo REX:0000104 biotransformation reaction REX:0000104 GO:0006810 rex.obo REX:0000105 biological transport REX:0000105 GO:0006118 rex.obo REX:0000106 biological electron transfer REX:0000106 Enzymatic redox reaction. EC:1 GO:0016491 rex.obo oxidase reaction reductase reaction REX:0000107 oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000107 Enzymatic redox reaction. EBI:kid EC:2 GO:0016740 rex.obo REX:0000108 transferase reaction REX:0000108 EC:3 GO:0016787 rex.obo REX:0000109 hydrolase reaction REX:0000109 EC:4 GO:0016829 rex.obo REX:0000110 lyase reaction REX:0000110 EC:5 GO:0016853 rex.obo REX:0000111 isomerase reaction REX:0000111 EC:6 GO:0016874 rex.obo REX:0000112 ligase reaction REX:0000112 EC:3.6 rex.obo REX:0000113 acid anhydride hydrolase reaction REX:0000113 EC:3.6.1 rex.obo REX:0000114 phosphorus-containing anhydride hydrolase reaction REX:0000114 NTP + H2O --> NDP + phosphate EC:3.6.1.15 GO:0017111 rex.obo nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase reaction REX:0000115 nucleoside-triphosphatase reaction REX:0000115 NTP + H2O --> NDP + phosphate EC:3.6.1.15 NTP + H2O --> NMP + diphosphate EC:3.6.1.19 GO:0047429 rex.obo nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphohydrolase reaction REX:0000116 nucleoside-triphosphate diphosphatase reaction REX:0000116 NTP + H2O --> NMP + diphosphate EC:3.6.1.19 rex.obo REX:0000117 nucleoside triphosphate (di)phosphohydrolase reaction REX:0000117 X=Y + Z --> X-Y-Z rex.obo REX:0000118 synthase reaction REX:0000118 X=Y + Z --> X-Y-Z EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000119 transmembrane transport REX:0000119 The carriage of a solute across a biological membrane from low to high concentration which requires the expenditure of (metabolic) energy. rex.obo REX:0000120 active transport REX:0000120 The carriage of a solute across a biological membrane from low to high concentration which requires the expenditure of (metabolic) energy. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00112.html Diffusion across a biological membrane through the participation of specific transporting agents (transporters) or carriers. TC:1 rex.obo REX:0000121 facilitated diffusion REX:0000121 Diffusion across a biological membrane through the participation of specific transporting agents (transporters) or carriers. ISBN:0198506732 A diffusion across a membrane in the absence of any specific transporting agent or carrier. rex.obo passive diffusion REX:0000122 simple diffusion REX:0000122 A diffusion across a membrane in the absence of any specific transporting agent or carrier. ISBN:0198506732 GO:0015399 TC:3 rex.obo REX:0000123 primary active transport REX:0000123 rex.obo REX:0000124 secondary active transport REX:0000124 GO:0015405 TC:3.A rex.obo REX:0000125 diphosphate-bond-hydrolysis-driven transport REX:0000125 GO:0015451 TC:3.B rex.obo REX:0000126 decarboxylation-driven transport REX:0000126 GO:0015452 TC:3.C rex.obo REX:0000127 methyl-transfer-driven transport REX:0000127 GO:0015453 TC:3.D rex.obo REX:0000128 oxidoreduction-driven transport REX:0000128 GO:0015454 TC:3.E rex.obo REX:0000129 light-driven transport REX:0000129 TC:5 rex.obo transmembrane electron transport REX:0000130 transmembrane electron transfer REX:0000130 TC:5.A rex.obo REX:0000131 two-electron transmembrane electron transfer REX:0000131 TC:5.B rex.obo REX:0000132 one-electron transmembrane electron transfer REX:0000132 The process of coupled solute translocation in which two solutes equilibrate across an osmotic barrier, the translocation of solute being coupled to the translocation of the other in the opposite direction. GO:0015297 rex.obo countertransport REX:0000133 antiport REX:0000133 The process of coupled solute translocation in which two solutes equilibrate across an osmotic barrier, the translocation of solute being coupled to the translocation of the other in the opposite direction. ISBN:0198506732 The process of solute translocation in which two solutes equilibrate across an osmotic barrier, and the translocation of one solute is coupled to the translocation of the other in the same direction. GO:0015293 rex.obo cotransport REX:0000134 symport REX:0000134 The process of solute translocation in which two solutes equilibrate across an osmotic barrier, and the translocation of one solute is coupled to the translocation of the other in the same direction. ISBN:0198506732 rex.obo REX:0000135 solute transport REX:0000135 Any process in which a substance to be transported across a biological membrane undergoes covalent modification prior crossing the membrane. rex.obo REX:0000136 group translocation REX:0000136 Any process in which a substance to be transported across a biological membrane undergoes covalent modification prior crossing the membrane. ISBN:0198506732 rex.obo REX:0000137 photobiochemical reaction REX:0000137 PUBMED:12867466 rex.obo REX:0000138 intermembrane electron transfer REX:0000138 rex.obo REX:0000139 one-electron transfer REX:0000139 rex.obo REX:0000140 two-electron transfer REX:0000140 Any stabilizing interaction of a solute (or solute moiety) and the solvent or a similar interaction of solvent with groups of an insoluble material. rex.obo REX:0000141 solvation REX:0000141 Any stabilizing interaction of a solute (or solute moiety) and the solvent or a similar interaction of solvent with groups of an insoluble material. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05747.html The formation of a covalent bond, the two shared electrons of which have come from only one of the two parts of the molecular entity linked by it, as in the reaction of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct. rex.obo REX:0000142 coordination REX:0000142 The formation of a covalent bond, the two shared electrons of which have come from only one of the two parts of the molecular entity linked by it, as in the reaction of a Lewis acid and a Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01329.html The cleavage of a covalent bond so that both bonding electrons remain with one of the two fragments between which the bond is broken (A:B --> A + :B). rex.obo REX:0000143 unimolecular heterolysis REX:0000143 The cleavage of a covalent bond so that both bonding electrons remain with one of the two fragments between which the bond is broken (A:B --> A + :B). http://goldbook.iupac.org/H02809.html The formation of a covalent bond by the combination or recombination of two radicals (A. + .B -> A:B). rex.obo REX:0000144 colligation REX:0000144 The formation of a covalent bond by the combination or recombination of two radicals (A. + .B -> A:B). http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01153.html A unimolecular reaction involving homolysis of a bond (not forming part of a cyclic structure) in a molecular entity containing an even number of (paired) electrons results in the formation of two radicals (A:B --> A. + .B). rex.obo REX:0000145 unimolecular homolysis REX:0000145 A unimolecular reaction involving homolysis of a bond (not forming part of a cyclic structure) in a molecular entity containing an even number of (paired) electrons results in the formation of two radicals (A:B --> A. + .B). http://goldbook.iupac.org/H02851.html rex.obo REX:0000146 homolysis REX:0000146 rex.obo REX:0000147 heterolysis REX:0000147 A transformation by which one molecular entity (the substrate) is converted into another by the formation of one (and only one) two-centre bond between the substrate and another molecular entity and which involves no other changes in connectivity in the substrate. rex.obo REX:0000148 attachment REX:0000148 A transformation by which one molecular entity (the substrate) is converted into another by the formation of one (and only one) two-centre bond between the substrate and another molecular entity and which involves no other changes in connectivity in the substrate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00512.html The reverse of an attachment. rex.obo REX:0000149 detachment REX:0000149 The reverse of an attachment. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01625.html The assembling of separate molecular entities into any aggregate, especially of oppositely charged free ions into ion pairs or larger and not necessarily well-defined clusters of ions held together by electrostatic attraction. rex.obo REX:0000150 association REX:0000150 The assembling of separate molecular entities into any aggregate, especially of oppositely charged free ions into ion pairs or larger and not necessarily well-defined clusters of ions held together by electrostatic attraction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00472.html The separation of a molecular entity into two or more molecular entities (or any similar separation within a polyatomic molecular entity). rex.obo REX:0000151 dissociation REX:0000151 The separation of a molecular entity into two or more molecular entities (or any similar separation within a polyatomic molecular entity). http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01801.html The generation of one or more ions. It may occur, e.g. by loss of an electron from a neutral molecular entity, by the unimolecular heterolysis of such an entity into two or more ions, or by a heterolytic substitution reaction involving neutral molecules. rex.obo REX:0000152 ionization REX:0000152 The generation of one or more ions. It may occur, e.g. by loss of an electron from a neutral molecular entity, by the unimolecular heterolysis of such an entity into two or more ions, or by a heterolytic substitution reaction involving neutral molecules. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03183.html The transfer of an electron to a molecular entity, resulting in a molecular entity of (algebraically) increased negative charge. rex.obo REX:0000153 electron attachment REX:0000153 The transfer of an electron to a molecular entity, resulting in a molecular entity of (algebraically) increased negative charge. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01979.html The reverse of an electron attachment. rex.obo REX:0000154 electron detachment REX:0000154 The reverse of an electron attachment. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01987.html rex.obo REX:0000155 electronic transition REX:0000155 An electronic transition which does not involve a change in the spin part of the wavefunction. rex.obo REX:0000156 spin-allowed electronic transition REX:0000156 An electronic transition which does not involve a change in the spin part of the wavefunction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05861.html A transition which involves a change in both the electronic and vibrational quantum numbers of a molecular entity, as opposed to purely electronic or purely vibrational transitions. rex.obo REX:0000157 vibronic transition REX:0000157 A transition which involves a change in both the electronic and vibrational quantum numbers of a molecular entity, as opposed to purely electronic or purely vibrational transitions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/V06618.html An electronic transition in which a large fraction of an electronic charge is transferred from one region of a molecular entity, called the electron donor, to another, called the electron acceptor (intramolecular CT) or from one molecular entity to another (intermolecular CT). rex.obo CT transition REX:0000158 charge-transfer transition REX:0000158 An electronic transition in which a large fraction of an electronic charge is transferred from one region of a molecular entity, called the electron donor, to another, called the electron acceptor (intramolecular CT) or from one molecular entity to another (intermolecular CT). http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01008.html An electronic transition described approximately as a promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' pi orbital to an 'antibonding' sigma orbital designated as sigma*. Such transitions generally involve high transition energies and appear close to or mixed with Rydberg transitions. rex.obo pi-->sigma* transition REX:0000159 pi-sigma* transition REX:0000159 An electronic transition described approximately as a promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' pi orbital to an 'antibonding' sigma orbital designated as sigma*. Such transitions generally involve high transition energies and appear close to or mixed with Rydberg transitions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S04387.html An electronic transition described approximately as promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' sigma orbital to an 'antibonding' sigma orbital designated as sigma*. Such transitions generally involve high transition energies, and appear close to or mixed with Rydberg transitions. rex.obo sigma-->sigma* transition REX:0000160 sigma-sigma* transition REX:0000160 An electronic transition described approximately as promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' sigma orbital to an 'antibonding' sigma orbital designated as sigma*. Such transitions generally involve high transition energies, and appear close to or mixed with Rydberg transitions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05435.html An electronic transition in a metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer from a ligand to a metal centre has occurred. rex.obo LMCT transition REX:0000161 ligand to metal charge transfer transition REX:0000161 An electronic transition in a metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer from a ligand to a metal centre has occurred. http://goldbook.iupac.org/L03520.html An electronic transition of a metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer from the metal to a ligand has occurred. rex.obo MLCT transition REX:0000162 metal to ligand charge transfer transition REX:0000162 An electronic transition of a metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer from the metal to a ligand has occurred. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03868.html An electronic transition of a bi- or polynuclear metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer between two metal centres has occurred. rex.obo MMCT transition REX:0000163 metal to metal charge transfer transition REX:0000163 An electronic transition of a bi- or polynuclear metal complex that corresponds to excitation populating an electronic state in which considerable electron transfer between two metal centres has occurred. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03869.html Electron transfer (thermal or photoinduced) between two metal sites differing only in oxidation state. Quite often such electron transfer reverses the oxidation states of the sites. The term is frequently extended to the case of metal-to-metal charge transfer between non-equivalent metal centres. rex.obo REX:0000164 intervalence charge transfer REX:0000164 Electron transfer (thermal or photoinduced) between two metal sites differing only in oxidation state. Quite often such electron transfer reverses the oxidation states of the sites. The term is frequently extended to the case of metal-to-metal charge transfer between non-equivalent metal centres. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03125.html An electronic transition described approximately as promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' orbital to a Rydberg orbital. rex.obo REX:0000165 Rydberg transition REX:0000165 An electronic transition described approximately as promotion of an electron from a 'bonding' orbital to a Rydberg orbital. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05432.html rex.obo REX:0000166 microscopic process REX:0000166 rex.obo REX:0000167 macroscopic process REX:0000167 A reaction with a molecularity of one. rex.obo REX:0000168 unimolecular reaction REX:0000168 A reaction with a molecularity of one. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03989.html A reaction with a molecularity of two. rex.obo REX:0000169 bimolecular reaction REX:0000169 A reaction with a molecularity of two. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03989.html A reaction with a molecularity of three. rex.obo REX:0000170 termolecular reaction REX:0000170 A reaction with a molecularity of three. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03989.html A change in the nature of a phase or in the number of phases as a result of some variation in externally imposed conditions, such as temperature, pressure, activity of a component or a magnetic, electric or stress field. rex.obo REX:0000171 phase transition REX:0000171 A change in the nature of a phase or in the number of phases as a result of some variation in externally imposed conditions, such as temperature, pressure, activity of a component or a magnetic, electric or stress field. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04537.html A transition between disordered and ordered arrays of atomic magnetic moments. rex.obo REX:0000172 magnetic transition REX:0000172 A transition between disordered and ordered arrays of atomic magnetic moments. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03690.html The spreading or scattering of a gaseous or liquid material. rex.obo REX:0000173 diffusion REX:0000173 The spreading or scattering of a gaseous or liquid material. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01716.html A process that results in the interconversion of molecular entities. rex.obo REX:0000174 microscopic chemical event REX:0000174 A process that results in the interconversion of molecular entities. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01033.html http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03910.html A transition that occurs between a fully-ordered crystalline solid and an isotropic liquid. Mesomorphic transitions can occur (i) from a crystal to a liquid crystal (ii) from a liquid crystal to another liquid crystal and (iii) from a liquid crystal to an isotropic liquid. rex.obo REX:0000175 mesomorphic transition REX:0000175 A transition that occurs between a fully-ordered crystalline solid and an isotropic liquid. Mesomorphic transitions can occur (i) from a crystal to a liquid crystal (ii) from a liquid crystal to another liquid crystal and (iii) from a liquid crystal to an isotropic liquid. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03847.html A reversible transition of a solid crystalline phase at a certain temperature and pressure (the inversion point) to another phase of the same chemical composition with a different crystal structure. rex.obo enantiotropic transition REX:0000176 polymorphic transition REX:0000176 A reversible transition of a solid crystalline phase at a certain temperature and pressure (the inversion point) to another phase of the same chemical composition with a different crystal structure. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04748.html The conversion of a solid to a liquid by the application of heat and/or pressure. rex.obo REX:0000177 melting REX:0000177 The conversion of a solid to a liquid by the application of heat and/or pressure. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03821.html The physical process by which a liquid substance is converted to a gas or vapour. rex.obo REX:0000178 evaporation REX:0000178 The physical process by which a liquid substance is converted to a gas or vapour. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02227.html The formation of a crystalline solid from a solution, melt vapour or a different solid phase, generally by the lowering of the temperature or by evaporation of a solvent. rex.obo REX:0000179 crystallization REX:0000179 The formation of a crystalline solid from a solution, melt vapour or a different solid phase, generally by the lowering of the temperature or by evaporation of a solvent. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01434.html The direct transition of a solid to a vapour without passing through a liquid phase. rex.obo REX:0000180 sublimation REX:0000180 The direct transition of a solid to a vapour without passing through a liquid phase. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S06069.html A transition that occurs at boundaries between phases. rex.obo REX:0000181 interphase transition REX:0000181 A transition that occurs at boundaries between phases. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03119.html The sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution in which the material is present in amounts greater than its solubility in the liquid. rex.obo REX:0000182 precipitation REX:0000182 The sedimentation of a solid material (a precipitate) from a liquid solution in which the material is present in amounts greater than its solubility in the liquid. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04795.html A process in a phase transition in which nuclei of a new phase are first formed, followed by the propagation of the new phase at a faster rate. rex.obo REX:0000183 nucleation and growth REX:0000183 A process in a phase transition in which nuclei of a new phase are first formed, followed by the propagation of the new phase at a faster rate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04244.html A diffusional reaction in a multi-component system in which structural and compositional changes occur in regions immediately adjacent to the advancing interface. The parent phase remains unchanged until swept over by the interface; the transition is complete in regions over which the interface has passed. rex.obo REX:0000184 discontinuous precipitation REX:0000184 A diffusional reaction in a multi-component system in which structural and compositional changes occur in regions immediately adjacent to the advancing interface. The parent phase remains unchanged until swept over by the interface; the transition is complete in regions over which the interface has passed. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01782.html A diffusional reaction in a multi-component system in which atoms are transported to the growing nuclei by diffusion over relatively large distances in the parent phase and during which the mean composition of the parent phase changes continuously towards its equilibrium value. rex.obo REX:0000185 continuous precipitation REX:0000185 A diffusional reaction in a multi-component system in which atoms are transported to the growing nuclei by diffusion over relatively large distances in the parent phase and during which the mean composition of the parent phase changes continuously towards its equilibrium value. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01306.html The formation and growth of aggregates ultimately leading to phase separation by the formation of precipitates of larger than colloidal size. rex.obo REX:0000186 agglomeration REX:0000186 The formation and growth of aggregates ultimately leading to phase separation by the formation of precipitates of larger than colloidal size. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00182.html In a system formed by a solvent, an association colloid and at least one other component (the solubilizate), the incorporation of this other component into or on the micelles. rex.obo solubilization REX:0000187 micellar solubilization REX:0000187 In a system formed by a solvent, an association colloid and at least one other component (the solubilizate), the incorporation of this other component into or on the micelles. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03887.html The process of one material (absorbent) being retained by another (absorbate). rex.obo REX:0000188 absorption REX:0000188 The process of one material (absorbent) being retained by another (absorbate). http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00036.html The transition of a suspension of solid particles in a liquid (sol) to an apparent solid, jelly-like material (gel). rex.obo REX:0000189 sol-gel transition REX:0000189 The transition of a suspension of solid particles in a liquid (sol) to an apparent solid, jelly-like material (gel). http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05731.html The process by which nuclei are formed in solution. rex.obo REX:0000190 nucleation REX:0000190 The process by which nuclei are formed in solution. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04243.html The condensation of a single chemical compound in solution. rex.obo REX:0000191 homogeneous nucleation REX:0000191 The condensation of a single chemical compound in solution. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04243.html The simultaneous condensation of more than one compound in solution. rex.obo REX:0000192 simultaneous nucleation REX:0000192 The simultaneous condensation of more than one compound in solution. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04243.html The condensation of a compound in solution on a foreign substance. rex.obo REX:0000193 heterogeneous nucleation REX:0000193 The condensation of a compound in solution on a foreign substance. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04243.html The totality of changes occurring at or near a single electrode during the passage of current. rex.obo REX:0000194 electrode process REX:0000194 The totality of changes occurring at or near a single electrode during the passage of current. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01959.html For an electrode process at a given potential the current is controlled by the kinetics of a number of steps which include the transport of reactants to and from the interface and the interfacial reaction itself. The latter, which is called the electrode reaction, must always include at least one elementary step in which charge is transferred from one phase to the other, but may also involve purely chemical steps within the interfacial region. rex.obo REX:0000195 electrode reaction REX:0000195 For an electrode process at a given potential the current is controlled by the kinetics of a number of steps which include the transport of reactants to and from the interface and the interfacial reaction itself. The latter, which is called the electrode reaction, must always include at least one elementary step in which charge is transferred from one phase to the other, but may also involve purely chemical steps within the interfacial region. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01960.html Electron transfer process in which the reacting system remains on a single electronic surface in passing from reactants to products. rex.obo REX:0000196 adiabatic electron transfer REX:0000196 Electron transfer process in which the reacting system remains on a single electronic surface in passing from reactants to products. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00142.html Electron transfer process in which the reacting system has to cross over between different electronic surfaces in passing from reactants to products. rex.obo REX:0000197 diabatic electron transfer REX:0000197 Electron transfer process in which the reacting system has to cross over between different electronic surfaces in passing from reactants to products. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01659.html An increase in the concentration of a dissolved substance at the interface of a condensed and a liquid phase due to the operation of surface forces. Adsorption can also occur at the interface of a condensed and a gaseous phase. rex.obo REX:0000198 adsorption REX:0000198 An increase in the concentration of a dissolved substance at the interface of a condensed and a liquid phase due to the operation of surface forces. Adsorption can also occur at the interface of a condensed and a gaseous phase. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00155.html The converse of adsorption, i.e. the decrease in the amount of adsorbed substance. rex.obo REX:0000199 desorption REX:0000199 The converse of adsorption, i.e. the decrease in the amount of adsorbed substance. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01620.html The process in which expulsion of a previously adsorbed component from the interfacial layer is effected by subsequent stronger adsorption of another component. rex.obo REX:0000200 desorption (by displacement) REX:0000200 The process in which expulsion of a previously adsorbed component from the interfacial layer is effected by subsequent stronger adsorption of another component. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01621.html Adsorption with dissociation into two or more fragments, both or all of which are bound to the surface of the adsorbent. rex.obo dissociative chemisorption REX:0000201 dissociative adsorption REX:0000201 Adsorption with dissociation into two or more fragments, both or all of which are bound to the surface of the adsorbent. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01803.html rex.obo REX:0000202 associative desorption REX:0000202 Reactive adsorption (and its reverse, reactive desorption) resembles dissociative adsorption (and its reverse, associative desorption) but one fragment adds to an adsorbate rather than to a surface site. rex.obo REX:0000203 reactive adsorption REX:0000203 Reactive adsorption (and its reverse, reactive desorption) resembles dissociative adsorption (and its reverse, associative desorption) but one fragment adds to an adsorbate rather than to a surface site. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05181.html Reverse of reactive adsorption. rex.obo REX:0000204 reactive desorption REX:0000204 Reverse of reactive adsorption. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05183.html rex.obo non-dissociative chemisorption REX:0000205 associative adsorption REX:0000205 rex.obo interface process REX:0000206 surface process REX:0000206 Adsorption in which the forces involved are intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces) of the same kind as those responsible for the imperfection of real gases and the condensation vapours, and which do not involve a significant change in the electronic orbital patterns of the species involved. rex.obo physical adsorption van der Waals adsorption REX:0000207 physisorption REX:0000207 Adsorption in which the forces involved are intermolecular forces (van der Waals forces) of the same kind as those responsible for the imperfection of real gases and the condensation vapours, and which do not involve a significant change in the electronic orbital patterns of the species involved. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04667.html Adsorption which results from chemical bond formation (strong interaction) between the adsorbent and the adsorbate in a monolayer on the surface. rex.obo chemical adsorption REX:0000208 chemisorption REX:0000208 Adsorption which results from chemical bond formation (strong interaction) between the adsorbent and the adsorbate in a monolayer on the surface. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01048.html Oxidative or reductive chemisorption where 'reductive' and 'oxidative' refer to electron gain or loss on species in the solid. rex.obo REX:0000209 charge-transfer adsorption REX:0000209 Oxidative or reductive chemisorption where 'reductive' and 'oxidative' refer to electron gain or loss on species in the solid. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01002.html Adsorption such that the adsorption space accommodates more than one layer of molecules, and not all adsorbed molecules are in contact with the surface layer of the adsorbent. rex.obo REX:0000210 multilayer adsorption REX:0000210 Adsorption such that the adsorption space accommodates more than one layer of molecules, and not all adsorbed molecules are in contact with the surface layer of the adsorbent. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M04050.html Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, a reaction beginning on one excited state 'potential-energy surface' and ending, as a result of radiationless transition, on another surface, usually that of the ground state. rex.obo non-adiabatic photoreaction REX:0000211 diabatic photoreaction REX:0000211 Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, a reaction beginning on one excited state 'potential-energy surface' and ending, as a result of radiationless transition, on another surface, usually that of the ground state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01660.html Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, a reaction of an excited state species that occurs on a single 'potential-energy surface'. rex.obo REX:0000212 adiabatic photoreaction REX:0000212 Within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, a reaction of an excited state species that occurs on a single 'potential-energy surface'. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00145.html rex.obo REX:0000213 electrochemical reaction REX:0000213 The deposition of dissolved or suspended material by an electric field on an electrode. rex.obo REX:0000214 electrodeposition REX:0000214 The deposition of dissolved or suspended material by an electric field on an electrode. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01955.html rex.obo electrocrystallization REX:0000215 electro-crystallization REX:0000215 The acceleration of a chemical reaction in solution by the addition of a surfactant at a concentration higher than its critical micelle concentration so that the reaction can proceed in the environment of surfactant aggregates (micelles). rex.obo REX:0000216 micellar catalysis REX:0000216 The acceleration of a chemical reaction in solution by the addition of a surfactant at a concentration higher than its critical micelle concentration so that the reaction can proceed in the environment of surfactant aggregates (micelles). http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03885.html Catalysis by a Lewis base, involving formation of a Lewis adduct as a reaction intermediate. rex.obo REX:0000217 nucleophilic catalysis REX:0000217 Catalysis by a Lewis base, involving formation of a Lewis adduct as a reaction intermediate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04250.html The decrease in rate of reaction brought about by the addition of a substance (inhibitor), by virtue of its effect on the concentration of a reactant, catalyst or reaction intermediate. rex.obo REX:0000218 inhibition REX:0000218 The decrease in rate of reaction brought about by the addition of a substance (inhibitor), by virtue of its effect on the concentration of a reactant, catalyst or reaction intermediate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03034.html Irreversible inhibition of an enzyme due to its catalysis of the reaction of an artificial substrate. rex.obo suicide inhibition REX:0000219 mechanism-based inhibition REX:0000219 Irreversible inhibition of an enzyme due to its catalysis of the reaction of an artificial substrate. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03805.html The reduction in rate due to reduction or loss of activity of a catalyst, caused by adsorption of poison which is not greatly preferred to adsorption of reactant. rex.obo REX:0000220 competitive inhibition REX:0000220 The reduction in rate due to reduction or loss of activity of a catalyst, caused by adsorption of poison which is not greatly preferred to adsorption of reactant. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01200.html rex.obo REX:0000221 activation REX:0000221 When some of the energy required for a reaction is provided by a preceding exothermic chemical reaction there is said to be chemical activation. rex.obo REX:0000222 chemical activation REX:0000222 When some of the energy required for a reaction is provided by a preceding exothermic chemical reaction there is said to be chemical activation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01017.html An added substance that increases the rate of a catalysed reaction is known as an activator, and the effect is called activation. rex.obo REX:0000223 activation of catalysis REX:0000223 An added substance that increases the rate of a catalysed reaction is known as an activator, and the effect is called activation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00093.html rex.obo REX:0000224 inhibition of catalysis REX:0000224 rex.obo REX:0000225 reversible enzyme inhibition REX:0000225 rex.obo complete inhibition simple inhibition REX:0000226 linear enzyme inhibition REX:0000226 rex.obo REX:0000227 mixed inhibition REX:0000227 rex.obo REX:0000228 non-competitive inhibition REX:0000228 rex.obo REX:0000229 uncompetitive inhibition REX:0000229 rex.obo REX:0000230 reversible enzyme activation REX:0000230 In essential activation, the free enzyme without activator bound to it has no activity and does not bind substrate. rex.obo compulsory activation specific activation REX:0000231 essential activation REX:0000231 In essential activation, the free enzyme without activator bound to it has no activity and does not bind substrate. ISBN:1855781581 rex.obo non-essential activation partial activation REX:0000232 hyperbolic activation REX:0000232 rex.obo REX:0000233 enzyme inhibition REX:0000233 rex.obo REX:0000234 irreversible enzyme inhibition REX:0000234 rex.obo REX:0000235 modification of reaction REX:0000235 rex.obo REX:0000236 modification of catalysis REX:0000236 rex.obo competitive inhibition REX:0000237 competitive enzyme inhibition REX:0000237 rex.obo REX:0000238 modification of enzyme catalysis REX:0000238 Any process leading to increase of enzymatic activity. rex.obo REX:0000239 enzyme activation REX:0000239 Any process leading to increase of enzymatic activity. EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000240 irreversible enzyme activation REX:0000240 Conversion of inactive precursors (zymogens) into active enzymes by limited proteolysis. rex.obo proteolytic activation REX:0000241 zymogen activation REX:0000241 Conversion of inactive precursors (zymogens) into active enzymes by limited proteolysis. PUBMED:9568890 rex.obo REX:0000242 enzyme activation by phosphate group transfer REX:0000242 rex.obo REX:0000243 irreversible modification of enzyme catalysis REX:0000243 rex.obo REX:0000244 reversible modification of enzyme catalysis REX:0000244 rex.obo partial inhibition REX:0000245 hyperbolic inhibition REX:0000245 rex.obo REX:0000246 non-competitive inhibition by protons REX:0000246 rex.obo REX:0000247 reversible inhibition of catalysis REX:0000247 rex.obo REX:0000248 irreversible inhibition of catalysis REX:0000248 The action of catalytic poison. rex.obo REX:0000249 catalytic poisoning REX:0000249 The action of catalytic poison. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04706.html Weak and reversible adsorption of a poison, such that removal of the poison from the fluid phase results in restoration of the original catalytic activity. rex.obo REX:0000250 temporary poisoning REX:0000250 Weak and reversible adsorption of a poison, such that removal of the poison from the fluid phase results in restoration of the original catalytic activity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06270.html The process of converting a monomer or a mixture of monomers into a polymer. rex.obo REX:0000251 polymerization REX:0000251 The process of converting a monomer or a mixture of monomers into a polymer. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04740.html Polymerization by a repeated condensation process. rex.obo polycondensation REX:0000252 condensation polymerization REX:0000252 Polymerization by a repeated condensation process. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01237.html http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04722.html A (usually stepwise) reaction in which two or more reactants (or remote reactive sites within the same molecular entity) yield a single main product with accompanying formation of water or of some other small molecule, e.g. ammonia, ethanol, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide. rex.obo condensation REX:0000253 condensation reaction REX:0000253 A (usually stepwise) reaction in which two or more reactants (or remote reactive sites within the same molecular entity) yield a single main product with accompanying formation of water or of some other small molecule, e.g. ammonia, ethanol, acetic acid, hydrogen sulfide. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01238.html A polymerization in which a cyclic monomer yields a monomeric unit which is acyclic or contains fewer cycles than the monomer. rex.obo REX:0000254 ring-opening polymerization REX:0000254 A polymerization in which a cyclic monomer yields a monomeric unit which is acyclic or contains fewer cycles than the monomer. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05396.html Polymerization in which a polymer molecule is formed from a mixture of stereoisomeric monomer molecules by incorporation of only one stereoisomeric species. rex.obo REX:0000255 stereoselective polymerization REX:0000255 Polymerization in which a polymer molecule is formed from a mixture of stereoisomeric monomer molecules by incorporation of only one stereoisomeric species. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05989.html A chain reaction in which the growth of a polymer chain proceeds exclusively by reaction(s) between monomer(s) and reactive site(s) on the polymer chain with regeneration of the reactive site(s) at the end of each growth step. rex.obo REX:0000256 chain polymerization REX:0000256 A chain reaction in which the growth of a polymer chain proceeds exclusively by reaction(s) between monomer(s) and reactive site(s) on the polymer chain with regeneration of the reactive site(s) at the end of each growth step. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00958.html Chain polymerization occurring with the formation of small molecules. rex.obo REX:0000257 condensative chain polymerization REX:0000257 Chain polymerization occurring with the formation of small molecules. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00958.html The abstraction, by the radical end of a growing chain-polymer, of an atom from another molecule. The growth of the polymer chain is thereby terminated but a new radical, capable of chain propagation and polymerization, is simultaneously created. rex.obo REX:0000258 chain transfer REX:0000258 The abstraction, by the radical end of a growing chain-polymer, of an atom from another molecule. The growth of the polymer chain is thereby terminated but a new radical, capable of chain propagation and polymerization, is simultaneously created. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00963.html A chain polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are ions or ion pairs. rex.obo REX:0000259 ionic polymerization REX:0000259 A chain polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are ions or ion pairs. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03178.html A chain polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are radicals. rex.obo REX:0000260 radical polymerization REX:0000260 A chain polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are radicals. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05075.html A chain polymerization from which chain transfer and chain termination are absent. rex.obo REX:0000261 living polymerization REX:0000261 A chain polymerization from which chain transfer and chain termination are absent. http://goldbook.iupac.org/L03597.html An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are anions. rex.obo REX:0000262 anionic polymerization REX:0000262 An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are anions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00361.html An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are cations. rex.obo REX:0000263 cationic polymerization REX:0000263 An ionic polymerization in which the kinetic-chain carriers are cations. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00910.html The polymerization of a monomer by a free radical or ionic chain reaction initiated by photoexcitation. rex.obo REX:0000264 photoinduced polymerization REX:0000264 The polymerization of a monomer by a free radical or ionic chain reaction initiated by photoexcitation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04618.html The photoproduction of a free radical or ion capable of initiating a chain reaction such as a polymerization. rex.obo REX:0000265 photoinitiation REX:0000265 The photoproduction of a free radical or ion capable of initiating a chain reaction such as a polymerization. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04619.html A polymerization in which the growth of polymer chains proceeds by addition reactions between molecules of all degrees of polymerization. rex.obo REX:0000266 polyaddition REX:0000266 A polymerization in which the growth of polymer chains proceeds by addition reactions between molecules of all degrees of polymerization. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04720.html Polymerization processes requiring a photon for the propagation step. rex.obo REX:0000267 photopolymerization REX:0000267 Polymerization processes requiring a photon for the propagation step. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04648.html A polymerization in which the number of cyclic structures in the constitutional units of the resulting macromolecules is larger than in the monomer molecules. rex.obo REX:0000268 cyclopolymerization REX:0000268 A polymerization in which the number of cyclic structures in the constitutional units of the resulting macromolecules is larger than in the monomer molecules. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01505.html Polymerization in which a homopolymer is formed. rex.obo REX:0000269 homopolymerization REX:0000269 Polymerization in which a homopolymer is formed. http://goldbook.iupac.org/H02855.html Polymerization in which a copolymer is formed. rex.obo REX:0000270 copolymerization REX:0000270 Polymerization in which a copolymer is formed. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01336.html Polymerization in which a graft copolymer is formed. rex.obo REX:0000271 graft copolymerization REX:0000271 Polymerization in which a graft copolymer is formed. http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02676.html A copolymerization which is a ring-opening polymerization with respect to at least one monomer. rex.obo REX:0000272 ring-opening copolymerization REX:0000272 A copolymerization which is a ring-opening polymerization with respect to at least one monomer. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05395.html A copolymerization which is an ionic polymerization. rex.obo REX:0000273 ionic copolymerization REX:0000273 A copolymerization which is an ionic polymerization. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03176.html A copolymerization which is a living polymerization. rex.obo REX:0000274 living copolymerization REX:0000274 A copolymerization which is a living polymerization. http://goldbook.iupac.org/L03596.html A copolymerization which is a radical polymerization. rex.obo REX:0000275 radical copolymerization REX:0000275 A copolymerization which is a radical polymerization. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05071.html The process of converting a monomer or a mixture of monomers into an oligomer. rex.obo REX:0000276 oligomerization REX:0000276 The process of converting a monomer or a mixture of monomers into an oligomer. http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04285.html The formation of an addition oligomer, having uniform end groups X' ... X'', by a chain reaction in which a chain transfer limits the length of the polymer ('telomer') produced. rex.obo REX:0000277 telomerization REX:0000277 The formation of an addition oligomer, having uniform end groups X' ... X'', by a chain reaction in which a chain transfer limits the length of the polymer ('telomer') produced. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06260.html Adsorption initiated by light absorbed either by the adsorbate or by the adsorbent. Often it is considered as a chemical step (primary) in a heterogeneous photocatalytic reaction. rex.obo REX:0000278 photoadsorption REX:0000278 Adsorption initiated by light absorbed either by the adsorbate or by the adsorbent. Often it is considered as a chemical step (primary) in a heterogeneous photocatalytic reaction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04577.html http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Desorption of an adsorbate as a result of exposure to light. rex.obo REX:0000279 photodesorption REX:0000279 Desorption of an adsorbate as a result of exposure to light. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04577.html http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04596.html Catalysis occurring under the action of quanta of ionizing radiation absorbed by the radiocatalytic substance (radiocatalyst). rex.obo REX:0000280 radiocatalysis REX:0000280 Catalysis occurring under the action of quanta of ionizing radiation absorbed by the radiocatalytic substance (radiocatalyst). http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Desorption of a substrate from solid or liquid interfaces induced by absorption of high-energy radiation by the solid or liquid adsorbent. rex.obo REX:0000281 radiodesorption REX:0000281 Desorption of a substrate from solid or liquid interfaces induced by absorption of high-energy radiation by the solid or liquid adsorbent. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Adsorption of a substance at solid or liquid interfaces induced by absorption of high-energy radiation by the solid or liquid adsorbent. rex.obo REX:0000282 radioadsorption REX:0000282 Adsorption of a substance at solid or liquid interfaces induced by absorption of high-energy radiation by the solid or liquid adsorbent. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Radiocatalysis under the action of large radiation fluxes that simultaneously heat the system as a consequence of the absorption of radiation energy. rex.obo REX:0000283 radiothermal catalysis REX:0000283 Radiocatalysis under the action of large radiation fluxes that simultaneously heat the system as a consequence of the absorption of radiation energy. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf A chemical reaction caused by absorption of high-energy radiation. rex.obo REX:0000284 radiochemical reaction REX:0000284 A chemical reaction caused by absorption of high-energy radiation. EBI:kid The cleavage of one or several bonds resulting from exposure to high-energy radiation. rex.obo REX:0000285 radiolysis REX:0000285 The cleavage of one or several bonds resulting from exposure to high-energy radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05112.html Radiolysis of a radioactive material resulting directly or indirectly from its radioactive decay. rex.obo REX:0000286 autoradiolysis REX:0000286 Radiolysis of a radioactive material resulting directly or indirectly from its radioactive decay. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00534.html A spontaneous transition between two isomeric states of a nucleus. rex.obo REX:0000287 isomeric transition REX:0000287 A spontaneous transition between two isomeric states of a nucleus. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03293.html The simultaneous formation of an electron and a positron as a result of the interaction of a photon of sufficient energy (> 1.02 MeV) with the field of a particle. rex.obo pair production REX:0000288 electron-positron pair production REX:0000288 The simultaneous formation of an electron and a positron as a result of the interaction of a photon of sufficient energy (> 1.02 MeV) with the field of a particle. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04398.html Ionization of any species by causing interaction of the sample (which may be dissolved in a solvent matrix) and a beam of neutral atoms having high translational energy. rex.obo REX:0000289 fast atom bombardment ionization REX:0000289 Ionization of any species by causing interaction of the sample (which may be dissolved in a solvent matrix) and a beam of neutral atoms having high translational energy. http://goldbook.iupac.org/F02327.html Spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment. rex.obo REX:0000290 luminescence REX:0000290 Spontaneous emission of radiation from an electronically or vibrationally excited species not in thermal equilibrium with its environment. http://goldbook.iupac.org/L03641.html Luminescence arising from excitation by high energy particles or radiation. rex.obo REX:0000291 radioluminescence REX:0000291 Luminescence arising from excitation by high energy particles or radiation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05111.html Luminescence decaying more slowly than that expected from the rate of decay of the emitting state. rex.obo REX:0000292 delayed luminescence REX:0000292 Luminescence decaying more slowly than that expected from the rate of decay of the emitting state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01580.html rex.obo REX:0000293 delayed fluorescence REX:0000293 Emission of radiation resulting from a chemical reaction. rex.obo REX:0000294 chemiluminescence REX:0000294 Emission of radiation resulting from a chemical reaction. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01045.html Luminescence produced by electrode reactions. rex.obo ECL electrochemiluminescence electroluminescence REX:0000295 electrogenerated chemiluminescence REX:0000295 Luminescence produced by electrode reactions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01966.html Luminescence resulting from the rubbing together of the surface of certain solids. rex.obo REX:0000296 triboluminescence REX:0000296 Luminescence resulting from the rubbing together of the surface of certain solids. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06499.html Luminescence induced by sound waves. rex.obo REX:0000297 sonoluminescence REX:0000297 Luminescence induced by sound waves. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05767.html Luminescence produced by living systems. rex.obo REX:0000298 bioluminescence REX:0000298 Luminescence produced by living systems. http://goldbook.iupac.org/B00659.html Luminescence arising from a reaction between species trapped in a rigid matrix and released as a result of an increase in temperature. rex.obo REX:0000299 thermoluminescence REX:0000299 Luminescence arising from a reaction between species trapped in a rigid matrix and released as a result of an increase in temperature. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06325.html Luminescence observed when certain solids are subjected to a change in pressure. rex.obo REX:0000300 piezoluminescence REX:0000300 Luminescence observed when certain solids are subjected to a change in pressure. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04672.html Any loss of energy by an excited molecular entity. rex.obo REX:0000301 deactivation REX:0000301 Any loss of energy by an excited molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01528.html The loss of electronic excitation energy without photon emission or chemical change. rex.obo non-radiative decay radiationless decay REX:0000302 radiationless deactivation REX:0000302 The loss of electronic excitation energy without photon emission or chemical change. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05056.html Radiative deactivation of an excited state; transfer of energy from a molecular entity to an electromagnetic field. rex.obo REX:0000303 emission REX:0000303 Radiative deactivation of an excited state; transfer of energy from a molecular entity to an electromagnetic field. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02056.html An isoenergetic radiationless transition between two electronic states having different multiplicities. It often results in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, which then usually deactivates to its lowest vibrational level. rex.obo REX:0000304 intersystem crossing REX:0000304 An isoenergetic radiationless transition between two electronic states having different multiplicities. It often results in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, which then usually deactivates to its lowest vibrational level. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03123.html An isoenenergetic radiationless transition between two electronic states of the same multiplicity. When the transition results in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, this usually undergoes deactivation to its lowest vibrational level, provided the final state is not unstable to dissociation. rex.obo REX:0000305 internal conversion (in photophysics) REX:0000305 An isoenenergetic radiationless transition between two electronic states of the same multiplicity. When the transition results in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, this usually undergoes deactivation to its lowest vibrational level, provided the final state is not unstable to dissociation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03102.html A transition between two states of a system without photon emission or absorption. rex.obo non-radiative transition REX:0000306 radiationless transition REX:0000306 A transition between two states of a system without photon emission or absorption. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05057.html A transition between two states of a molecular entity, the energy difference being emitted or absorbed as photons. rex.obo REX:0000307 radiative transition REX:0000307 A transition between two states of a molecular entity, the energy difference being emitted or absorbed as photons. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05065.html The process in which the first excited singlet state becomes populated by a thermally activated radiationless transition from the first excited triplet state. Since in this case the populations of the singlet and triplet states are in thermal equilibrium, the lifetimes of delayed fluorescence and the concomitant phosphorescence are equal. rex.obo REX:0000308 E-type delayed fluorescence REX:0000308 The process in which the first excited singlet state becomes populated by a thermally activated radiationless transition from the first excited triplet state. Since in this case the populations of the singlet and triplet states are in thermal equilibrium, the lifetimes of delayed fluorescence and the concomitant phosphorescence are equal. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01579.html The process in which the first excited singlet state is populated by interaction of two molecules in the triplet state (triplet-triplet annihilation) thus producing one molecule in the excited singlet state. In this biphotonic process the lifetime of delayed fluorescence is half the value of the concomitant phosphorescence. rex.obo REX:0000309 P-type delayed fluorescence REX:0000309 The process in which the first excited singlet state is populated by interaction of two molecules in the triplet state (triplet-triplet annihilation) thus producing one molecule in the excited singlet state. In this biphotonic process the lifetime of delayed fluorescence is half the value of the concomitant phosphorescence. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01579.html The process in which the first excited singlet state becomes populated by recombination of radical ions with electrons or by recombination of radical ions of opposite charge. rex.obo REX:0000310 recombination fluorescence REX:0000310 The process in which the first excited singlet state becomes populated by recombination of radical ions with electrons or by recombination of radical ions of opposite charge. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01579.html Triplet-triplet or singlet-singlet annihilation to form one molecular entity in its excited singlet state and another molecular entity in its electronic ground state. rex.obo REX:0000311 P-type delayed luminescence REX:0000311 Triplet-triplet or singlet-singlet annihilation to form one molecular entity in its excited singlet state and another molecular entity in its electronic ground state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01580.html Thermally activated delayed fluorescence involving reversible intersystem crossing. rex.obo REX:0000312 E-type delayed luminescence REX:0000312 Thermally activated delayed fluorescence involving reversible intersystem crossing. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01580.html A process in which, under the influence of a suitable driving force (e.g. provided by photoexcitation), electronic charge moves in a direction that increases the difference in local charges between donor and acceptor sites. rex.obo REX:0000313 charge separation REX:0000313 A process in which, under the influence of a suitable driving force (e.g. provided by photoexcitation), electronic charge moves in a direction that increases the difference in local charges between donor and acceptor sites. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00999.html Reverse of charge separation. rex.obo REX:0000314 charge recombination REX:0000314 Reverse of charge separation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C00998.html Separation of the constituents of an ion pair into free ions. rex.obo REX:0000315 ion pair dissociation REX:0000315 Separation of the constituents of an ion pair into free ions. http://goldbook.iupac.org/D01801.html The recombination of a pair of ions R(+) and Z(-) formed from ionization of RZ. rex.obo ion pair return REX:0000316 ion-pair return REX:0000316 The recombination of a pair of ions R(+) and Z(-) formed from ionization of RZ. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03233.html If the ions are paired as a tight ion pair and recombine without prior separation into a loose ion pair this is called internal ion-pair return. rex.obo internal return REX:0000317 internal ion-pair return REX:0000317 If the ions are paired as a tight ion pair and recombine without prior separation into a loose ion pair this is called internal ion-pair return. http://goldbook.iupac.org/I03107.html If the ions are paired as a loose ion pair and form the covalent chemical species via a tight ion pair, this is called external ion-pair return. rex.obo external return REX:0000318 external ion-pair return REX:0000318 If the ions are paired as a loose ion pair and form the covalent chemical species via a tight ion pair, this is called external ion-pair return. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02286.html The reaction of two transient species produced from a common precursor in solution with each other. rex.obo REX:0000319 geminate recombination REX:0000319 The reaction of two transient species produced from a common precursor in solution with each other. http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02603.html Geminate recombination occurring before any separation of two transient species by diffusion has occurred. rex.obo REX:0000320 primary geminate recombination REX:0000320 Geminate recombination occurring before any separation of two transient species by diffusion has occurred. http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02603.html If the mutually reactive entities have been separated, and come together by diffusion, this is termed secondary geminate recombination. rex.obo REX:0000321 secondary geminate recombination REX:0000321 If the mutually reactive entities have been separated, and come together by diffusion, this is termed secondary geminate recombination. http://goldbook.iupac.org/G02603.html Transfer of excitation from an electronically excited donor in a singlet state to produce an electronically excited acceptor in a triplet state. rex.obo REX:0000322 singlet-triplet energy transfer REX:0000322 Transfer of excitation from an electronically excited donor in a singlet state to produce an electronically excited acceptor in a triplet state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05701.html Two atoms or molecular entities both in an excited electronic state interact often (usually upon collision) to produce one atom or molecular entity in an excited electronic state and another in its ground electronic state. rex.obo annihilation energy pooling excitation energy annihilation exciton annihilation REX:0000323 excitation annihilation REX:0000323 Two atoms or molecular entities both in an excited electronic state interact often (usually upon collision) to produce one atom or molecular entity in an excited electronic state and another in its ground electronic state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00366.html rex.obo REX:0000324 singlet-singlet annihilation REX:0000324 Two atoms or molecular entities both in a triplet state often interact (usually upon collision) to produce one atom or molecular entity in an excited singlet state and another in its ground singlet state. This is often, but not always, followed by delayed fluorescence. rex.obo REX:0000325 triplet-triplet annihilation REX:0000325 Two atoms or molecular entities both in a triplet state often interact (usually upon collision) to produce one atom or molecular entity in an excited singlet state and another in its ground singlet state. This is often, but not always, followed by delayed fluorescence. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06505.html rex.obo REX:0000326 particle-antiparticle pair production REX:0000326 Absorption which results in the transition from the singlet ground state of the molecule into singlet excited states and leads to the UV/visible absorption spectrum. rex.obo REX:0000327 singlet-singlet absorption REX:0000327 Absorption which results in the transition from the singlet ground state of the molecule into singlet excited states and leads to the UV/visible absorption spectrum. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05696.html Absorption which takes place with the transition from the singlet ground state of the molecule to triplet states and results in the singlet-triplet absorption spectrum. rex.obo REX:0000328 singlet-triplet absorption REX:0000328 Absorption which takes place with the transition from the singlet ground state of the molecule to triplet states and results in the singlet-triplet absorption spectrum. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05700.html The transfer of energy from an electromagnetic field to an entity (molecular or otherwise). rex.obo absorption (of electromagnetic radiation) light absorption REX:0000329 photoabsorption REX:0000329 The transfer of energy from an electromagnetic field to an entity (molecular or otherwise). http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Absorption which takes place with the transition from the lowest triplet state of the molecule to higher triplet states thus leading to the triplet-triplet absorption spectrum. rex.obo REX:0000330 triplet-triplet absorption REX:0000330 Absorption which takes place with the transition from the lowest triplet state of the molecule to higher triplet states thus leading to the triplet-triplet absorption spectrum. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06504.html If a system is disturbed from its state of equilibrium it relaxes to that state, and the process is referred to as relaxation. rex.obo REX:0000331 relaxation REX:0000331 If a system is disturbed from its state of equilibrium it relaxes to that state, and the process is referred to as relaxation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05285.html Excitation resulting from successive or simultaneous absorption of two photons by an atom or molecular entity. rex.obo REX:0000332 two-photon excitation REX:0000332 Excitation resulting from successive or simultaneous absorption of two photons by an atom or molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06541.html The simultaneous two-photon absorption. rex.obo REX:0000333 biphotonic excitation REX:0000333 The simultaneous two-photon absorption. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06541.html rex.obo REX:0000334 proton-antiproton pair production REX:0000334 rex.obo REX:0000335 neutron-antineutron pair production REX:0000335 An interaction between a particle and its antiparticle in which they both disappear. rex.obo REX:0000336 annihilation REX:0000336 An interaction between a particle and its antiparticle in which they both disappear. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00366.html Movement of material from one location in solution to another as might arise either from differences in electrical or chemical potential at the two locations, or from movement of a volume element of solution. rex.obo REX:0000337 mass transfer REX:0000337 Movement of material from one location in solution to another as might arise either from differences in electrical or chemical potential at the two locations, or from movement of a volume element of solution. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf The motion of colloidal particles in an electric field. rex.obo REX:0000338 electrophoresis REX:0000338 The motion of colloidal particles in an electric field. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02022.html rex.obo REX:0000339 chelatase reaction REX:0000339 EC:4.99.1.1 GO:0004325 rex.obo REX:0000340 ferrochelatase reaction REX:0000340 EC:4.99.1.3 rex.obo REX:0000341 sirohydrochlorin cobaltochelatase reaction REX:0000341 EC:6.6.1.1 rex.obo REX:0000342 magnesium chelatase reaction REX:0000342 EC:6.6.1.2 rex.obo REX:0000343 cobaltochelatase reaction REX:0000343 EC:6.6.1 rex.obo REX:0000344 ATP-hydrolysing chelatase reaction REX:0000344 If the equilibrium mixture of a chemical reaction is disturbed by a sudden change, especially of some external parameter (such as temperature, pressure or electrical field strength), the system will readjust itself to a new position of the chemical equilibrium or return to the original position, if the perturbation is temporary. The readjustment is known as chemical relaxation. rex.obo REX:0000345 chemical relaxation REX:0000345 If the equilibrium mixture of a chemical reaction is disturbed by a sudden change, especially of some external parameter (such as temperature, pressure or electrical field strength), the system will readjust itself to a new position of the chemical equilibrium or return to the original position, if the perturbation is temporary. The readjustment is known as chemical relaxation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01035.html The loss of vibrational excitation energy by a molecular entity through energy transfer to the environment caused by collisions. The molecular entity relaxes into vibrational equilibrium with its environment. rex.obo REX:0000346 vibrational relaxation REX:0000346 The loss of vibrational excitation energy by a molecular entity through energy transfer to the environment caused by collisions. The molecular entity relaxes into vibrational equilibrium with its environment. http://goldbook.iupac.org/V06615.html Fluorescence from the primary excited atomic or molecular species at the wavelength of the exciting radiation (no relaxation within the excited manifold). rex.obo REX:0000347 resonance fluorescence REX:0000347 Fluorescence from the primary excited atomic or molecular species at the wavelength of the exciting radiation (no relaxation within the excited manifold). http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05335.html A process in which a change in direction or energy of an incident radiation is caused by interaction with a particle, a system of particles, or a photon. rex.obo REX:0000348 scattering REX:0000348 A process in which a change in direction or energy of an incident radiation is caused by interaction with a particle, a system of particles, or a photon. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05487.html The redirection of a light beam due to interactions with molecules (Rayleigh and Raman scattering) and aerosols (Mie scattering). rex.obo REX:0000349 light scattering REX:0000349 The redirection of a light beam due to interactions with molecules (Rayleigh and Raman scattering) and aerosols (Mie scattering). http://goldbook.iupac.org/L03525.html Radiation may be scattered by its transmission through a medium containing particles. If the scatter results in no significant change in the wavelength relative to the primary radiation it is called elastic scattering. In cases where the scattering centres are small compared to the wavelength of the radiation the elastic scattering is called Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering if this condition is not fulfilled. rex.obo REX:0000350 elastic light scattering REX:0000350 Radiation may be scattered by its transmission through a medium containing particles. If the scatter results in no significant change in the wavelength relative to the primary radiation it is called elastic scattering. In cases where the scattering centres are small compared to the wavelength of the radiation the elastic scattering is called Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering if this condition is not fulfilled. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E01917.html The scattering of light by particles and molecules which are much smaller than the wavelength of the light. In the ideal case, the process is one of pure dipole and induced dipole interactions with the electric field of the light wave. rex.obo REX:0000351 Rayleigh scattering REX:0000351 The scattering of light by particles and molecules which are much smaller than the wavelength of the light. In the ideal case, the process is one of pure dipole and induced dipole interactions with the electric field of the light wave. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05160.html The scattering of electromagnetic radiation by spherical particles of any size r, relative to the wavelength, lambda. rex.obo REX:0000352 Mie scattering REX:0000352 The scattering of electromagnetic radiation by spherical particles of any size r, relative to the wavelength, lambda. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03919.html The elastic scattering of a photon by an electron which afterwards occurs as a free electron. Part of the energy and momentum of the incident photon is transferred to the electron and the remaining part is carried away by the scattered photon. rex.obo Compton effect REX:0000353 Compton scattering REX:0000353 The elastic scattering of a photon by an electron which afterwards occurs as a free electron. Part of the energy and momentum of the incident photon is transferred to the electron and the remaining part is carried away by the scattered photon. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01218.html http://www.neutron.anl.gov/ rex.obo REX:0000354 neutron scattering REX:0000354 rex.obo REX:0000355 electron scattering REX:0000355 rex.obo REX:0000356 elastic electron scattering REX:0000356 rex.obo REX:0000357 inelastic electron scattering REX:0000357 rex.obo REX:0000358 inelastic light scattering REX:0000358 PUBMED:963597 rex.obo REX:0000359 elastic neutron scattering REX:0000359 rex.obo REX:0000360 inelastic neutron scattering REX:0000360 rex.obo REX:0000361 X-ray scattering REX:0000361 DOI:10.1107/S0567739480001155 rex.obo REX:0000362 elastic X-ray scattering REX:0000362 rex.obo REX:0000363 inelastic X-ray scattering REX:0000363 rex.obo REX:0000364 elastic scattering REX:0000364 rex.obo REX:0000365 inelastic scattering REX:0000365 rex.obo Raman scattering REX:0000366 Raman light scattering REX:0000366 rex.obo Brillouin scattering REX:0000367 Brillouin light scattering REX:0000367 A reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change is positive. rex.obo REX:0000368 endothermic reaction REX:0000368 A reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change is positive. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02095.html A reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change is negative. rex.obo REX:0000369 exothermic reaction REX:0000369 A reaction for which the overall standard enthalpy change is negative. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02269.html A reaction for which the overall standard Gibbs energy change is negative. rex.obo exoergic reaction REX:0000370 exergonic reaction REX:0000370 A reaction for which the overall standard Gibbs energy change is negative. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02262.html rex.obo REX:0000371 exothermic process REX:0000371 rex.obo REX:0000372 endothermic process REX:0000372 A process occurring in a thermally insulated system, so that there is no flow of heat to or from the surroundings. rex.obo REX:0000373 adiabatic process REX:0000373 A process occurring in a thermally insulated system, so that there is no flow of heat to or from the surroundings. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00141.html rex.obo REX:0000374 migration REX:0000374 The (usually intramolecular) transfer of an atom or group during the course of a molecular rearrangement. rex.obo REX:0000375 atom migration REX:0000375 The (usually intramolecular) transfer of an atom or group during the course of a molecular rearrangement. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03920.html The movement of a bond to a new position within the same molecular entity. rex.obo REX:0000376 bond migration REX:0000376 The movement of a bond to a new position within the same molecular entity. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03920.html A combination of migration and insertion. The term is mainly used in organometallic chemistry. rex.obo REX:0000377 migratory insertion REX:0000377 A combination of migration and insertion. The term is mainly used in organometallic chemistry. http://goldbook.iupac.org/M03924.html The subsequent precipitation of a chemically different species upon the surface of an initial precipitate usually, but not necessarily, including a common ion. rex.obo REX:0000378 postprecipitation REX:0000378 The subsequent precipitation of a chemically different species upon the surface of an initial precipitate usually, but not necessarily, including a common ion. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04773.html The reaction of triplet molecular oxygen with radicals formed photochemically. rex.obo REX:0000379 type I photooxygenation REX:0000379 The reaction of triplet molecular oxygen with radicals formed photochemically. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf The reaction of photochemically produced singlet molecular oxygen with molecular entities to give rise to oxygen containing molecular entities. rex.obo REX:0000380 type II photooxygenation REX:0000380 The reaction of photochemically produced singlet molecular oxygen with molecular entities to give rise to oxygen containing molecular entities. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf The photooxygenation reaction proceeding by electron transfer to produce the superoxide radical anion as the reactive species. rex.obo REX:0000381 type III photooxygenation REX:0000381 The photooxygenation reaction proceeding by electron transfer to produce the superoxide radical anion as the reactive species. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf A reaction initiated by photosensitization. rex.obo REX:0000382 photosensitized reaction REX:0000382 A reaction initiated by photosensitization. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf The process by which a photochemical change or photophysical process occurs in one (molecular) entity as a result of initial absorption of radiation by another (molecular) entity called a photosensitizer. In mechanistic photochemistry, the term is limited to cases in which the photosensitizer is not consumed in the reaction. rex.obo REX:0000383 photosensitization REX:0000383 The process by which a photochemical change or photophysical process occurs in one (molecular) entity as a result of initial absorption of radiation by another (molecular) entity called a photosensitizer. In mechanistic photochemistry, the term is limited to cases in which the photosensitizer is not consumed in the reaction. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Catalysis occurring by the simultaneous or sequential action of light and thermal energy. rex.obo REX:0000384 photothermocatalysis REX:0000384 Catalysis occurring by the simultaneous or sequential action of light and thermal energy. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf A (photo)catalytic phenomenon that occurs in circumstances when the system is also heated by light. rex.obo REX:0000385 thermophotocatalysis REX:0000385 A (photo)catalytic phenomenon that occurs in circumstances when the system is also heated by light. http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf Catalysis occurring by the action of thermal energy. rex.obo REX:0000386 thermocatalysis REX:0000386 Catalysis occurring by the action of thermal energy. EBI:kid Radiocatalysis taking place under the e?ect of the simultaneous action of quanta of light and ionizing radiation. There is also the case when the ionizing radiation alone causes the emission of light that is chemically active (e.g., as may occur in the Cherenkov light emission). rex.obo REX:0000387 photoradiocatalysis REX:0000387 Radiocatalysis taking place under the e?ect of the simultaneous action of quanta of light and ionizing radiation. There is also the case when the ionizing radiation alone causes the emission of light that is chemically active (e.g., as may occur in the Cherenkov light emission). http://www.photoenergy.org/ijp/glossary.pdf A reaction which involves the enthalpy change. rex.obo REX:0000388 thermochemical reaction REX:0000388 A reaction which involves the enthalpy change. EBI:kid GO:0045289 rex.obo luciferase REX:0000389 luciferin monooxygenase reaction REX:0000389 EC:1.13.12.5 GO:0050248 rex.obo REX:0000390 Renilla-luciferin 2-monooxygenase reaction REX:0000390 EC:1.13.12.6 GO:0047712 rex.obo REX:0000391 Cypridina-luciferin 2-monooxygenase reaction REX:0000391 EC:1.13.12.7 GO:0047077 rex.obo REX:0000392 Photinus-luciferin 4-monooxygenase (ATP-hydrolysing) reaction REX:0000392 EC:1.13.12.8 GO:0050397 rex.obo REX:0000393 Watasenia-luciferin 2-monooxygenase reaction REX:0000393 EC:1.13.12.13 rex.obo REX:0000394 Oplophorus-luciferin 2-monooxygenase reaction REX:0000394 EC:1.14.99.21 GO:0047098 rex.obo REX:0000395 Latia-luciferin monooxygenase (demethylating) reaction REX:0000395 EC:1.14.14.3 GO:0047646 rex.obo bacterial luciferase REX:0000396 alkanal monooxygenase (FMN-linked) reaction REX:0000396 Any oxidoreductase reaction in which dioxygen is the electron acceptor. rex.obo REX:0000397 oxygenase reaction REX:0000397 Any oxidoreductase reaction in which dioxygen is the electron acceptor. ISBN:0198506732 Oxidoreductase reaction involving incorporation of both atoms of dioxygen into the donor. rex.obo REX:0000398 dioxygenase reaction REX:0000398 Oxidoreductase reaction involving incorporation of both atoms of dioxygen into the donor. EBI:kid Any oxidoreductase reaction that brings about the incorporation of only one atom of oxygen from dioxygen into the donor. GO:0004497 rex.obo REX:0000399 monooxygenase reaction REX:0000399 Any oxidoreductase reaction that brings about the incorporation of only one atom of oxygen from dioxygen into the donor. ISBN:0198506732 EC:1.13.11 GO:0016702 rex.obo REX:0000400 single donor dioxygenase reaction REX:0000400 EC:1.13.12 GO:0016703 rex.obo internal monooxygenase reaction REX:0000401 single donor monooxygenase reaction REX:0000401 rex.obo REX:0000402 paired donor monooxygenase reaction REX:0000402 rex.obo REX:0000403 paired donor dioxygenase reaction REX:0000403 A chemical degradation reaction that is caused by thermal energy. The term pyrolysis generally refers to an inert environment. rex.obo REX:0000404 pyrolysis REX:0000404 A chemical degradation reaction that is caused by thermal energy. The term pyrolysis generally refers to an inert environment. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04961.html A chemical reaction in which the oxidation of one reactant is coupled to the reduction of a second reactant. rex.obo oxidation-reduction oxidoreduction REX:0000405 redox reaction REX:0000405 A chemical reaction in which the oxidation of one reactant is coupled to the reduction of a second reactant. ISBN:0198506732 ATP + H2O --> AMP + diphosphate EC:3.6.1.8 GO:0047693 rex.obo ATP diphosphohydrolase (diphosphate-forming) REX:0000406 ATP diphosphatase reaction REX:0000406 ATP + H2O --> AMP + diphosphate EC:3.6.1.8 ATP + H2O --> ADP + phosphate GO:0016887 rex.obo REX:0000407 ATPase reaction REX:0000407 ATP + H2O --> ADP + phosphate GO:0016887 GO:0042626 rex.obo REX:0000408 ATPase-coupled transmembrane transport REX:0000408 ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) --> ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in) EC:3.6.3.9 GO:0005391 rex.obo ATP phosphohydrolase (Na+/K+-exchanging) REX:0000409 Na+/K+-exchanging ATPase reaction REX:0000409 ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) --> ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in) EC:3.6.3.9 Na+(in) --> Na+(out) rex.obo REX:0000410 Na+ export REX:0000410 Na+(in) --> Na+(out) EBI:kid K+(out) --> K+(in) rex.obo REX:0000411 K+ import REX:0000411 K+(out) --> K+(in) EBI:kid ATP + H2O + K+(out) --> ADP + phosphate + K+(in) EC:3.6.3.12 GO:0008556 rex.obo ATP phosphohydrolase (K+-importing) REX:0000412 K+-transporting ATPase reaction REX:0000412 ATP + H2O + K+(out) --> ADP + phosphate + K+(in) EC:3.6.3.12 Generally, reaction with a solvent, or with a lyonium ion or lyate ion, involving the rupture of one or more bonds in the reacting solute. More specifically the term is used for substitution, elimination and fragmentation reactions in which a solvent species is the nucleophile. rex.obo REX:0000413 solvolysis REX:0000413 Generally, reaction with a solvent, or with a lyonium ion or lyate ion, involving the rupture of one or more bonds in the reacting solute. More specifically the term is used for substitution, elimination and fragmentation reactions in which a solvent species is the nucleophile. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S05762.html Solvolysis by water. rex.obo REX:0000414 hydrolysis REX:0000414 Solvolysis by water. http://goldbook.iupac.org/H02902.html rex.obo REX:0000415 solvolytic elimination REX:0000415 rex.obo REX:0000416 solvolytic substitution REX:0000416 rex.obo REX:0000417 nucleophilic solvolytic substitution REX:0000417 rex.obo REX:0000418 nucleophilic solvolysis REX:0000418 A reaction, elementary or stepwise, in which one atom or group in a molecular entity is replaced by another atom or group. rex.obo REX:0000419 substitution reaction REX:0000419 A reaction, elementary or stepwise, in which one atom or group in a molecular entity is replaced by another atom or group. http://goldbook.iupac.org/S06078.html A heterolytic reaction in which the reagent supplying the entering group acts as an electrophile. rex.obo REX:0000420 electrophilic substitution reaction REX:0000420 A heterolytic reaction in which the reagent supplying the entering group acts as an electrophile. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02020.html A heterolytic reaction in which the reagent supplying the entering group acts as a nucleophile. rex.obo REX:0000421 nucleophilic substitution reaction REX:0000421 A heterolytic reaction in which the reagent supplying the entering group acts as a nucleophile. http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04249.html A reaction proceeding by the movement of pairs of electrons from areas of high electron density (nucleophiles) to areas of low electron density (electrophiles), or from filled orbitals to empty orbitals. rex.obo REX:0000422 polar reaction REX:0000422 A reaction proceeding by the movement of pairs of electrons from areas of high electron density (nucleophiles) to areas of low electron density (electrophiles), or from filled orbitals to empty orbitals. ISBN:0387985409 rex.obo free-radical substitution REX:0000423 homolytic substitution reaction REX:0000423 rex.obo REX:0000424 heterolytic substitution reaction REX:0000424 rex.obo SN2 mechanism REX:0000425 bimolecular nucleophilic substitution REX:0000425 rex.obo SN1 mechanism REX:0000426 unimolecular nucleophilic substitution REX:0000426 A chemical reaction of two or more reacting molecular entities, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components, with formation of two chemical bonds and a net reduction in bond multiplicity in at least one of the reactants. rex.obo REX:0000427 addition reaction REX:0000427 A chemical reaction of two or more reacting molecular entities, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components, with formation of two chemical bonds and a net reduction in bond multiplicity in at least one of the reactants. http://goldbook.iupac.org/A00133.html rex.obo REX:0000428 heterolytic addition reaction REX:0000428 rex.obo free-radiacl addition REX:0000429 homolytic addition reaction REX:0000429 rex.obo REX:0000430 electrophilic addition REX:0000430 rex.obo REX:0000431 nucleophilic addition REX:0000431 rex.obo simultaneous addition REX:0000432 pericyclic addition reaction REX:0000432 rex.obo REX:0000433 pericyclic reaction REX:0000433 rex.obo REX:0000434 elimination reaction REX:0000434 The insertion of a metal of a metal complex into a covalent bond involving formally an overall two-electron loss on one metal or a one-electron loss on each of two metals. rex.obo REX:0000435 oxidative addition REX:0000435 The insertion of a metal of a metal complex into a covalent bond involving formally an overall two-electron loss on one metal or a one-electron loss on each of two metals. http://goldbook.iupac.org/O04367.html The reverse of oxidative addition. rex.obo REX:0000436 reductive elimination REX:0000436 The reverse of oxidative addition. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05223.html rex.obo SE1 mechanism REX:0000437 unimolecular electrophilic substitution REX:0000437 rex.obo SE2 mechanism REX:0000438 bimolecular electrophilic substitution REX:0000438 rex.obo REX:0000439 electrocyclic reaction REX:0000439 rex.obo REX:0000440 sigmatropic rearrangement REX:0000440 rex.obo REX:0000441 ene reaction REX:0000441 rex.obo REX:0000442 electrocyclic ring closing REX:0000442 rex.obo REX:0000443 electrocyclic ring opening REX:0000443 The reverse of oxidation. rex.obo REX:0000444 reduction REX:0000444 The reverse of oxidation. http://goldbook.iupac.org/R05222.html rex.obo REX:0000445 oxidation REX:0000445 The incorporation of molecular oxygen into a substrate. rex.obo REX:0000446 oxygenation REX:0000446 The incorporation of molecular oxygen into a substrate. EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000447 dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000447 Oxidation of an organic compound by the removal of one or more hydrogen atoms. rex.obo REX:0000448 dehydrogenation REX:0000448 Oxidation of an organic compound by the removal of one or more hydrogen atoms. ISBN:0198506732 Reduction of an organic compound by the addition of the hydrogen atoms or dihydrogen. rex.obo REX:0000449 hydrogenation REX:0000449 Reduction of an organic compound by the addition of the hydrogen atoms or dihydrogen. ISBN:0198506732 rex.obo photochemical hydrogenation REX:0000450 photohydrogenation REX:0000450 rex.obo photochemical electronation REX:0000451 photoelectronation REX:0000451 rex.obo REX:0000452 solvent transport REX:0000452 The spontaneous net flow of solvent by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane from a phase where the solvent has a higher chemical potential to one where the solvent has a lower chemical potential. rex.obo REX:0000453 osmosis REX:0000453 The spontaneous net flow of solvent by diffusion through a semipermeable membrane from a phase where the solvent has a higher chemical potential to one where the solvent has a lower chemical potential. ISBN:0198506732 The motion of a liquid through a membrane as a consequence of the application of an electric field across the membrane. rex.obo electro-endosmosis electrosmosis REX:0000454 electro-osmosis REX:0000454 The motion of a liquid through a membrane as a consequence of the application of an electric field across the membrane. http://goldbook.iupac.org/E02016.html rex.obo REX:0000455 membrane process REX:0000455 rex.obo REX:0000456 biological membrane process REX:0000456 Any movement of substances or electrons across a biological membrane. rex.obo REX:0000457 biological membrane transport REX:0000457 Any movement of substances or electrons across a biological membrane. EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000458 transport REX:0000458 GO:0006944 rex.obo REX:0000459 biological membrane fusion REX:0000459 rex.obo REX:0000460 pseudo-catalytic reaction REX:0000460 Increase the rate of the reaction by one of the reactant that is present in nearly constant concentration but is consumed during the process. rex.obo REX:0000461 pseudo-catalysis REX:0000461 Increase the rate of the reaction by one of the reactant that is present in nearly constant concentration but is consumed during the process. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04924.html rex.obo REX:0000462 general acid pseudo-catalysis REX:0000462 rex.obo REX:0000463 general base pseudo-catalysis REX:0000463 EC:4.99.1.2 GO:0018836 rex.obo REX:0000464 alkylmercury lyase reaction REX:0000464 EC:1.1 rex.obo REX:0000465 alcohol:acceptor dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000465 ethanol + NAD+ --> acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ EC:1.1.1.1 rex.obo ethanol dehydrogenase REX:0000466 ethanol:NAD+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000466 ethanol + NAD+ --> acetaldehyde + NADH + H+ EBI:kid ethanol --> acetaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000467 ethanol dehydrogenation REX:0000467 ethanol --> acetaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid NAD+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NADH rex.obo REX:0000468 NAD+ reduction REX:0000468 NAD+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NADH EBI:kid EC:1.1.1 rex.obo REX:0000469 alcohol:NAD(P)+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000469 rex.obo REX:0000470 alcohol:NAD+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000470 EC:1.1.1.2 rex.obo REX:0000471 alcohol:NADP+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000471 rex.obo REX:0000472 donor:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000472 rex.obo REX:0000473 donor:NAD+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000473 rex.obo REX:0000474 donor:NADP+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000474 NADP+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NADPH rex.obo REX:0000475 NADP+ reduction REX:0000475 NADP+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NADPH EBI:kid NAD(P)+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NAD(P)H rex.obo REX:0000476 NAD(P)+ reduction REX:0000476 NAD(P)+ + 2 e- + H+ --> NAD(P)H EBI:kid methanol + NAD+ --> formaldehyde + NADH + H+ rex.obo methanol dehydrogenase methanol:NAD+ oxidoreductase REX:0000477 methanol:NAD+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000477 methanol + NAD+ --> formaldehyde + NADH + H+ EC:1.1.1.244 methanol --> formaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000478 methanol dehydrogenation REX:0000478 methanol --> formaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid an aromatic alcohol + NADP+ --> an aromatic aldehyde + NADPH + H+ rex.obo aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) aryl-alcohol:NADP+ oxidoreductase REX:0000479 aryl-alcohol:NADP+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000479 an aromatic alcohol + NADP+ --> an aromatic aldehyde + NADPH + H+ EC:1.1.1.91 propan-2-ol + NADP+ --> acetone + NADPH + H+ rex.obo isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+) propan-2-ol:NADP+ oxidoreductase REX:0000480 propan-2-ol:NADP+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000480 propan-2-ol + NADP+ --> acetone + NADPH + H+ EC:1.1.1.80 an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ --> an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+ rex.obo REX:0000481 aryl-alcohol:NAD+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000481 an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ --> an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+ EC:1.1.1.90 an alcohol + NAD+ --> an aldehyde or ketone + NADH + H+ rex.obo REX:0000482 aliphatic alcohol:NAD+ dehydrogenase REX:0000482 an alcohol + NAD+ --> an aldehyde or ketone + NADH + H+ EC:1.1.1.1 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + NADP+ --> 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NADPH + H+ rex.obo 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol:NADP+ oxidoreductase REX:0000483 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol:NADP+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000483 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + NADP+ --> 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NADPH + H+ EC:1.1.1.97 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol --> 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000484 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol dehydrogenation REX:0000484 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol --> 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid R-CH(OH)-R' --> R-C(O)-R' + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000485 alcohol dehydrogenation REX:0000485 R-CH(OH)-R' --> R-C(O)-R' + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid R-CH2OH --> R-C(O)H + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000486 primary alcohol dehydrogenation REX:0000486 R-CH2OH --> R-C(O)H + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid R-CH(OH)-R' --> R-C(O)-R' + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000487 secondary alcohol dehydrogenation REX:0000487 R-CH(OH)-R' --> R-C(O)-R' + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid propan-2-ol --> acetone + 2 e- + 2 H+ rex.obo REX:0000488 propan-2-ol dehydrogenation REX:0000488 propan-2-ol --> acetone + 2 e- + 2 H+ EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000489 aryl-alcohol:NAD(P)+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000489 The formation or presence of bonds between two or more separate binding sites within the same ligand and a single central atom. rex.obo REX:0000490 chelation REX:0000490 The formation or presence of bonds between two or more separate binding sites within the same ligand and a single central atom. http://goldbook.iupac.org/C01012.html rex.obo REX:0000491 donor:hemoprotein oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000491 EC:1.1.2 rex.obo REX:0000492 alcohol:cytochrome dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000492 EC:1.1.3 rex.obo REX:0000493 alcohol:oxygen dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000493 EC:1.1.5 rex.obo REX:0000494 alcohol:quinone dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000494 EC:1.2 rex.obo REX:0000495 carbonyl:acceptor dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000495 EC:1.2.1 rex.obo REX:0000496 carbonyl:NAD(P)+ dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000496 EC:1.2.2 rex.obo REX:0000497 carbonyl:cytochrome dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000497 EC:1.2.3 rex.obo REX:0000498 carbonyl:oxygen dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000498 EC:1.2.7 rex.obo REX:0000499 carbonyl:ferredoxin dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000499 rex.obo REX:0000500 donor:iron protein oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000500 rex.obo REX:0000501 donor:iron-sulfur protein oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000501 EC:1.6 rex.obo REX:0000502 NAD(P)H:acceptor dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000502 EC:1.6.1 rex.obo REX:0000503 NAD(P)H:NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase reaction REX:0000503 EC:1.6.2 rex.obo REX:0000504 NAD(P)H:hemoprotein dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000504 EC:1.6.3 rex.obo REX:0000505 NAD(P)H:oxygen dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000505 NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 --> NAD(P)+ + H2O2 rex.obo NAD(P)H oxidase NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase REX:0000506 NAD(P)H oxidase reaction REX:0000506 NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 --> NAD(P)+ + H2O2 EC:1.6.3.1 EC:1.6.5 rex.obo REX:0000507 NAD(P)H:quinone dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000507 rex.obo REX:0000508 donor:cytochrome oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000508 rex.obo REX:0000509 donor:oxygen oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000509 rex.obo REX:0000510 donor:quinone oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000510 EC:1.16 rex.obo REX:0000511 metal oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000511 EC:1.16.1 rex.obo REX:0000512 metal:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000512 EC:1.16.3 rex.obo REX:0000513 metal:oxygen oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000513 4 Fe(2+) + 4 H+ + O2 --> 4 Fe(3+) + 2 H2O EC:1.16.3.1 rex.obo Fe(II):oxygen oxidoreductase ferroxidase REX:0000514 ferroxidase reaction REX:0000514 4 Fe(2+) + 4 H+ + O2 --> 4 Fe(3+) + 2 H2O EC:1.16.3.1 EC:1.16.8 rex.obo REX:0000515 metal:flavin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000515 2 cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide + FMN --> 2 cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide + FMNH2 EC:1.16.8.1 rex.obo cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide reductase cob(II)yrinic acid-a,c-diamide:FMN oxidoreductase REX:0000516 cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide reductase reaction REX:0000516 2 cob(II)yrinic acid a,c-diamide + FMN --> 2 cob(I)yrinic acid a,c-diamide + FMNH2 EC:1.16.8.1 rex.obo REX:0000517 donor:flavin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000517 Hg2+ + NADPH --> Hg + NADP+ + H+ EC:1.16.1.1 rex.obo Hg:NADP+ oxidoreductase mercury(II) reductase REX:0000518 NADPH:mercury oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000518 Hg2+ + NADPH --> Hg + NADP+ + H+ EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000519 NAD(P)H:metal oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000519 cyanocob(III)alamin + NADPH + H+ --> cob(I)alamin + cyanide + NADP+ EC:1.16.1.6 rex.obo cyanocobalamin reductase (cyanide-eliminating) REX:0000520 NADPH:cyanocobalamin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000520 cyanocob(III)alamin + NADPH + H+ --> cob(I)alamin + cyanide + NADP+ EBI:kid transferrin[Fe(III)]2 + NADH + H+ --> transferrin[Fe(II)]2 + NAD+ EC:1.16.1.2 rex.obo REX:0000521 NADH:diferric-transferrin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000521 transferrin[Fe(III)]2 + NADH + H+ --> transferrin[Fe(II)]2 + NAD+ EBI:kid 2 aquacob(III)alamin + NADH + H+ --> 2 cob(II)alamin + NAD+ EC:1.16.1.3 rex.obo aquacobalamin reductase REX:0000522 NADH:aquacobalamin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000522 2 aquacob(III)alamin + NADH + H+ --> 2 cob(II)alamin + NAD+ EBI:kid cob(II)alamin + NADH + H+ --> 2 cob(I)alamin + NAD+ EC:1.16.1.4 rex.obo cob(II)alamin reductase REX:0000523 NADH:cob(II)alamin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000523 cob(II)alamin + NADH + H+ --> 2 cob(I)alamin + NAD+ EBI:kid 2 aquacob(III)alamin + NADPH + H+ --> 2 cob(II)alamin + NADP+ EC:1.16.1.5 rex.obo aquacobalamin reductase (NADPH) REX:0000524 NADPH:aquacobalamin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000524 2 aquacob(III)alamin + NADPH + H+ --> 2 cob(II)alamin + NADP+ EBI:kid 2 Fe(III) + NADH + H+ --> 2 Fe(II) + NAD+ EC:1.16.1.7 rex.obo ferric-chelate reductase iron chelate reductase REX:0000525 NADH:ferric-chelate oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000525 2 Fe(III) + NADH + H+ --> 2 Fe(II) + NAD+ EBI:kid 2 [methionine synthase]-cob(II)alamin + NADPH + H+ + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine --> 2 [methionine synthase]-methylcob(I)alamin + 2 S-adenosylhomocysteine + NADP+ EC:1.16.1.8 rex.obo [methionine synthase] reductase REX:0000526 NADPH:[methionine synthase] oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000526 2 [methionine synthase]-cob(II)alamin + NADPH + H+ + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine --> 2 [methionine synthase]-methylcob(I)alamin + 2 S-adenosylhomocysteine + NADP+ EBI:kid rex.obo REX:0000527 hemoprotein oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000527 EC:1.9.3 rex.obo REX:0000528 hemoprotein:oxygen oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000528 rex.obo REX:0000529 hemoprotein:nitrate oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000529 ferrocytochrome + nitrate --> ferricytochrome + nitrite EC:1.9.6.1 rex.obo ferrocytochrome:nitrate oxidoreductase nitrate reductase (cytochrome) REX:0000530 ferrocytochrome:nitrate reductase reaction REX:0000530 ferrocytochrome + nitrate --> ferricytochrome + nitrite EC:1.9.6.1 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 --> 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O EC:1.9.3.1 rex.obo cytochrome-c oxidase ferrocytochrome-c:oxygen oxidoreductase REX:0000531 cytochrome-c oxidase reaction REX:0000531 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 --> 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O EC:1.9.3.1 rex.obo REX:0000532 NADPH:metal oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000532 rex.obo REX:0000533 NADH:metal oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000533 EC:1.12 rex.obo dihydrogenase reaction REX:0000534 hydrogenase reaction REX:0000534 H2 + NAD(P)+ --> H+ + NAD(P)H EC:1.12.1 rex.obo REX:0000535 hydrogen:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000535 H2 + NAD(P)+ --> H+ + NAD(P)H EBI:kid H2 + NAD+ --> H+ + NADH EC:1.12.1.2 rex.obo hydrogen dehydrogenase hydrogen:NAD+ oxidoreductase REX:0000536 hydrogen:NAD+ oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000536 H2 + NAD+ --> H+ + NADH EC:1.12.1.2 H2 + NADP+ --> H+ + NADPH EC:1.12.1.3 rex.obo hydrogen dehydrogenase (NADP+) hydrogen:NADP+ oxidoreductase REX:0000537 hydrogen:NADP+ oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000537 H2 + NADP+ --> H+ + NADPH EC:1.12.1.3 EC:1.12.2 rex.obo REX:0000538 hydrogen:cytochrome oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000538 2 H2 + ferricytochrome c3 --> 4 H+ + ferrocytochrome c3 EC:1.12.2.1 rex.obo H2:ferricytochrome c3 oxidoreductase cytochrome-c3 hydrogenase REX:0000539 hydrogen:ferricytochrome-c3 oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000539 2 H2 + ferricytochrome c3 --> 4 H+ + ferrocytochrome c3 EC:1.12.2.1 EC:1.12.5 rex.obo REX:0000540 hydrogen:quinone oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000540 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 --> divinylprotochlorophyllide + 3 NADP+ + 5 H2O EC:1.14.13.81 GO:0048529 rex.obo REX:0000541 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (oxidative) cyclase reaction REX:0000541 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 --> divinylprotochlorophyllide + 3 NADP+ + 5 H2O GO:0048529 H2 + oxidized ferredoxin --> reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+ EC:1.12.7.2 rex.obo REX:0000542 hydrogen:ferredoxin oxidoreductase reaction REX:0000542 H2 + oxidized ferredoxin --> reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+ EC:1.12.7.2 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> 13(1)-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP+ + H2O rex.obo REX:0000543 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester hydroxylase reaction REX:0000543 magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> 13(1)-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP+ + H2O EC:1.14.13.81 13(1)-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> 13(1)-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP+ + 2 H2O rex.obo REX:0000544 13(1)-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester dehydrogenase reaction REX:0000544 13(1)-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> 13(1)-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP+ + 2 H2O EC:1.14.13.81 13(1)-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> divinylprotochlorophyllide + NADP+ + 2 H2O rex.obo REX:0000545 13(1)-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester cyclase reaction REX:0000545 13(1)-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H+ + O2 --> divinylprotochlorophyllide + NADP+ + 2 H2O EC:1.14.13.81 The process by which a particle or a set of particles crosses a barrier on its potential-energy surface without having the energy required to surmount this barrier. rex.obo quantum tunneling quantum tunnelling quantum-mechanical tunnelling tunneling REX:0000546 tunnelling REX:0000546 The process by which a particle or a set of particles crosses a barrier on its potential-energy surface without having the energy required to surmount this barrier. http://goldbook.iupac.org/T06531.html rex.obo REX:0000547 proton tunnelling REX:0000547 rex.obo REX:0000548 electron tunnelling REX:0000548 A concerted process where the proton and the electron tunnel at the same time but independently of each other. rex.obo PTET concerted proton tunneling-electron tunneling REX:0000549 concerted proton tunnelling-electron tunnelling REX:0000549 A concerted process where the proton and the electron tunnel at the same time but independently of each other. PUBMED:12589565 Elementary chemical process undergone by an electronically excited molecular entity and yielding a primary photoproduct. rex.obo primary photochemical process primary photochemical reaction REX:0000550 primary photoreaction REX:0000550 Elementary chemical process undergone by an electronically excited molecular entity and yielding a primary photoproduct. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04836.html Dissociation occurring by tunnelling from a 'bound' to an 'unbound' vibronic state. rex.obo REX:0000551 predissociation REX:0000551 Dissociation occurring by tunnelling from a 'bound' to an 'unbound' vibronic state. http://goldbook.iupac.org/P04808.html DAG-Edit 1.419 rev 3 05:01:2007 09:19 rex.obo 1.0 kirill autogenerated-by: DAG-Edit version 1.419 rev 3 date: Thu Jan 04 14:25:43 GMT 2007 saved-by: kirill version: $Revision: 1.13 $ rex.obo is_reverse_of is reverse of