14:12:2012 11:25 trak 1.2 true definition antisymmetric property has_broad_synonym database_cross_reference has_exact_synonym has_narrow_synonym has_obo_format_version has_obo_namespace shorthand Related by virtue of some physical attribute or characteristic. UMLS_TN:R1 UMLS_TUI:T132 trak physically_related_to physically_related_to physically_related_to Related by virtue of some physical attribute or characteristic. UMLS:T132 Composes, with one or more other physical units, some larger whole. This includes component of, division of, portion of, fragment of, section of, and layer of. true UMLS_TN:R1.1 UMLS_TUI:T133 trak part_of part_of part_of Composes, with one or more other physical units, some larger whole. This includes component of, division of, portion of, fragment of, section of, and layer of. UMLS:T133 Related by the carrying out of some function or activity. UMLS_TN:R3 UMLS_TUI:T139 trak functionally_related_to functionally_related_to functionally_related_to Related by the carrying out of some function or activity. UMLS:T139 Related by some abstract concept, thought or idea. UMLS_TN:R5 UMLS_TUI:T158 trak conceptually_related_to conceptually_related_to conceptually_related_to Related by some abstract concept, thought or idea. UMLS:T158 Has a significant or salient relationship to. UMLS_TN:R UMLS_TUI:T166 trak associated_with associated_with associated_with Has a significant or salient relationship to. UMLS:T166 trak constitutional_part_of constitutional_part_of trak regional_part_of regional_part_of trak systemic_part_of systemic_part_of BFO:bfo:Entity trak TRAK:0000001 entity TRAK:0000001 The change of position of a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0542330 joint function joint mobilization trak TRAK:0000002 joint movement TRAK:0000002 The movement of a limb away from the midline or axis of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0231456 trak TRAK:0000003 abduction TRAK:0000003 The movement of a limb away from the midline or axis of the body. MedicalDictionary:abduction The movement of a limb toward the midline or axis of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0231457 trak TRAK:0000004 adduction TRAK:0000004 The movement of a limb toward the midline or axis of the body. MedicalDictionary:adduction The act of straightening or extending a flexed limb. UMLS_CUI:C0231448 trak TRAK:0000005 extension TRAK:0000005 The act of straightening or extending a flexed limb. MedicalDictionary:extension The act of bending a joint or limb in the body by the action of flexors. UMLS_CUI:C0231452 trak TRAK:0000006 flexion TRAK:0000006 The act of bending a joint or limb in the body by the action of flexors. MedicalDictionary:flexion A toe-down motion of the foot at the ankle. UMLS_CUI:C0231784 trak TRAK:0000007 plantar flexion TRAK:0000007 A toe-down motion of the foot at the ankle. MedicalDictionary:plantar+flexion The turning of the foot or dorsiflexionthe toes upward. trak TRAK:0000008 dorsiflexion TRAK:0000008 The turning of the foot or dorsiflexionthe toes upward. MedicalDictionary:dorsiflexion A single complete turn (axial or orbital). UMLS_CUI:C0035868 trak TRAK:0000009 rotation TRAK:0000009 A single complete turn (axial or orbital). MedicalDictionary:rotation The turning of a limb about its axis of rotation toward the midline of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0231459 medial rotation trak TRAK:0000010 internal rotation TRAK:0000010 The turning of a limb about its axis of rotation toward the midline of the body. MedicalDictionary:internal+rotation Turning outwardly or away from the midline of the body, such as when a leg is externally rotated with the toes turned outward or away from the body's midline. UMLS_CUI:C0231462 lateral rotation trak TRAK:0000011 external rotation TRAK:0000011 Turning outwardly or away from the midline of the body, such as when a leg is externally rotated with the toes turned outward or away from the body's midline. MedicalDictionary:external+rotation The act of turning inside out, upside down, or end-for-end. UMLS_CUI:C2349984 trak TRAK:0000012 inversion TRAK:0000012 The act of turning inside out, upside down, or end-for-end. UMLS:C2349984 A turning outward or inside out, such as a turning of the foot outward at the ankle. UMLS_CUI:C0015211 trak TRAK:0000013 eversion TRAK:0000013 A turning outward or inside out, such as a turning of the foot outward at the ankle. MedicalDictionary:eversion UMLS_CUI:C0560201 trak TRAK:0000014 ability to stand alone TRAK:0000014 A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATO:0001018 trak TRAK:0000015 physical quality TRAK:0000015 A quality of a physical entity that exists through action of continuants at the physical level of organisation in relation to other entities. PATO:0001018 Anatomical structure, which has as its parts a heterogeneous collection of organs, organ parts, cells, cell parts or body part subdivisions that are adjacent to, or continuous with one another; does not constitute a cell part, cell, tissue, organ, organ system or organ system subdivision, cardinal body part, body part subdivision or anatomical junction. Examples: joint, adnexa of uterus, root of lung, renal pedicle, back. FMA:49443 UMLS_CUI:C0922959 trak TRAK:0000016 anatomical cluster TRAK:0000016 Anatomical structure, which has as its parts a heterogeneous collection of organs, organ parts, cells, cell parts or body part subdivisions that are adjacent to, or continuous with one another; does not constitute a cell part, cell, tissue, organ, organ system or organ system subdivision, cardinal body part, body part subdivision or anatomical junction. Examples: joint, adnexa of uterus, root of lung, renal pedicle, back. FMA:49443 Anatomical junction which consists of parts of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages which are interconnected by organs and/or organ parts that consist of various types of connective tissue. Together with other joints and bones, a joint constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: pubic symphysis, knee joint, temporomandibular joint. FMA:7490 UMLS_CUI:C0022417 trak TRAK:0000017 joint TRAK:0000017 Anatomical junction which consists of parts of two or more adjacent bones or cartilages which are interconnected by organs and/or organ parts that consist of various types of connective tissue. Together with other joints and bones, a joint constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: pubic symphysis, knee joint, temporomandibular joint. FMA:7490 A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. FMA:35195 UMLS_CUI:C0003087 talocrural joint trak TRAK:0000018 ankle joint TRAK:0000018 A gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus. UMLS:C0003087 A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum. FMA:35178 UMLS_CUI:C0019558 articulatio coxofemoralis trak TRAK:0000019 hip joint TRAK:0000019 A ball-and-socket joint between the head of the femur and the acetabulum. UMLS:C0019558 A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. The lower part of the femur and the upper part of the tibia are attached to each other by ligaments. Other structures of the knee joint include the upper part of the fibula, located below and parallel to the tibia, and the patella which moves as the knee bends. FMA:35175 UMLS_CUI:C0022745 trak TRAK:0000020 knee joint TRAK:0000020 A joint connecting the lower part of the femur with the upper part of the tibia. The lower part of the femur and the upper part of the tibia are attached to each other by ligaments. Other structures of the knee joint include the upper part of the fibula, located below and parallel to the tibia, and the patella which moves as the knee bends. UMLS:C0022745 UMLS_CUI:C0560207 trak TRAK:0000021 ability to stand on one leg TRAK:0000021 The articulation between the articular surface of the PATELLA and the patellar surface of the FEMUR. patellofemoral compartment FMA:43574 UMLS_CUI:C0447801 trak TRAK:0000022 patellofemoral joint TRAK:0000022 The articulation between the articular surface of the PATELLA and the patellar surface of the FEMUR. UMLS:C0447801 The minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. CMO:0000005 UMLS_CUI:C0428883 DBP trak TRAK:0000023 diastolic blood pressure TRAK:0000023 The minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. CMO:0000005 The limb that is composed of the hip, thigh, leg and foot. FMA:7184 UMLS_CUI:C0023216 lower limb trak TRAK:0000024 lower extremity TRAK:0000024 The limb that is composed of the hip, thigh, leg and foot. UMLS:C0023216 The inferior part of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle. FMA:24979 UMLS_CUI:C1140621 intermediate segment of free lower limb lower leg trak TRAK:0000025 leg TRAK:0000025 The inferior part of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle. UMLS:C1140621 A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee. FMA:24967 UMLS_CUI:C0039866 trak TRAK:0000026 thigh TRAK:0000026 A part of the lower limb, located between hip and knee. UMLS:C0039866 The most superficial of the three adductor muscles of the thigh and one of five medial femoral muscles. It functions to adduct and flex the thigh. FMA:22441 UMLS_CUI:C0584891 trak TRAK:0000027 adductor longus TRAK:0000027 The most superficial of the three adductor muscles of the thigh and one of five medial femoral muscles. It functions to adduct and flex the thigh. MedicalDictionary:adductor+longus The depression in the posterior region of the knee. FMA:22525 UMLS_CUI:C0230436 trak TRAK:0000028 popliteal fossa TRAK:0000028 The depression in the posterior region of the knee. MedicalDictionary:popliteal+fossa A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the front of an organism relative to another entity. FMA:74532 PATO:0001632 RADLEX:RID5818 UMLS_CUI:C0205094 anteriorly front preceding ventral trak TRAK:0000029 anterior TRAK:0000029 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the front of an organism relative to another entity. PATO:0001632 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the rear of an organism relative to another entity. FMA:74533 PATO:0001633 RADLEX:RID5819 UMLS_CUI:C0205095 back behind dorsal posteriorly trak TRAK:0000030 posterior TRAK:0000030 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the rear of an organism relative to another entity. PATO:0001633 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the middle relative to another entity. FMA:49444 PATO:0001191 RADLEX:RID5820 UMLS_CUI:C0205098 medially trak TRAK:0000031 medial TRAK:0000031 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the middle relative to another entity. PATO:0001191 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the side relative to another entity. FMA:30332 PATO:0001193 RADLEX:RID39121 UMLS_CUI:C0205093 laterally trak TRAK:0000032 lateral TRAK:0000032 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located toward the side relative to another entity. PATO:0001193 In anatomy indicating higher than a given reference point. FMA:30337 RADLEX:RID5822 UMLS_CUI:C1282910 above superiorly upper trak TRAK:0000033 superior TRAK:0000033 In anatomy indicating higher than a given reference point. UMLS:C1282910 In anatomy indicating lower than a given reference point. FMA:74537 RADLEX:RID5823 UMLS_CUI:C0542339 below beneath inferiorly lower under trak TRAK:0000034 inferior TRAK:0000034 In anatomy indicating lower than a given reference point. UMLS:C0542339 In medicine, refers to a part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part. For example, the knee is proximal to the toes. The opposite is distal. FMA:30326 RADLEX:RID5829 UMLS_CUI:C0205107 proximally trak TRAK:0000035 proximal TRAK:0000035 In medicine, refers to a part of the body that is closer to the center of the body than another part. For example, the knee is proximal to the toes. The opposite is distal. UMLS:C0205107 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located further from a more centrally located entity. FMA:30327 PATO:0001234 RADLEX:RID5830 UMLS_CUI:C0205108 far trak TRAK:0000036 distal TRAK:0000036 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located further from a more centrally located entity. PATO:0001234 UMLS_CUI:C0560486 trak TRAK:0000037 ability to crouch TRAK:0000037 The maximum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, i.e. at the point at which the heart is in its maximal state of contraction. This is the time when the blood is forced from the ventricles of the heart into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. CMO:0000004 UMLS_CUI:C0871470 SBP trak TRAK:0000038 systolic blood pressure TRAK:0000038 The maximum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, i.e. at the point at which the heart is in its maximal state of contraction. This is the time when the blood is forced from the ventricles of the heart into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. CMO:0000004 An aggregation of similarly specialized cells and the associated intercellular substance. Tissues are relatively non-localized in comparison to body parts, organs or organ components. FMA:9637 UMLS_CUI:C0040300 UMLS_TN:A1.2.3.2 UMLS_TUI:T024 trak TRAK:0000039 tissue TRAK:0000039 An aggregation of similarly specialized cells and the associated intercellular substance. Tissues are relatively non-localized in comparison to body parts, organs or organ components. UMLS:T024 A large pad of fat lying behind and below the patella. FMA:58772 UMLS_CUI:C0224706 Hoffa's fat pad trak TRAK:0000040 infrapatellar fat pad TRAK:0000040 A large pad of fat lying behind and below the patella. MedicalDictionary:infrapatellar+fat+pad The supporting or framework tissue of the animal body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with more or less numerous cells of various kinds; it is derived from the mesenchyme, and this in turn from the mesoderm; the varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; and lymphoid tissue; cartilage; and bone; the blood and lymph may be regarded as connective tissues the ground substance of which is a liquid. FMA:9640 UMLS_CUI:C0009780 trak TRAK:0000041 connective tissue TRAK:0000041 The supporting or framework tissue of the animal body, formed of fibrous and ground substance with more or less numerous cells of various kinds; it is derived from the mesenchyme, and this in turn from the mesoderm; the varieties of connective tissue are: areolar or loose; adipose; dense, regular or irregular, white fibrous; elastic; mucous; and lymphoid tissue; cartilage; and bone; the blood and lymph may be regarded as connective tissues the ground substance of which is a liquid. UMLS:C0009780 A type of connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix, composed of collagen, elastin, and ground substance. There are three types of cartilage; namely elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage. FMA:37377 UMLS_CUI:C0007301 cartilage trak TRAK:0000042 cartilage tissue TRAK:0000042 A type of connective tissue composed of chondrocytes and an extracellular matrix, composed of collagen, elastin, and ground substance. There are three types of cartilage; namely elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage. UMLS:C0007301 The cartilage that covers the ends of each bone in a joint. FMA:12264 UMLS_CUI:C0007303 cartilago articularis hyaline articular cartilage trak TRAK:0000043 articular cartilage TRAK:0000043 The cartilage that covers the ends of each bone in a joint. UMLS:C0007303 Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel with a perichondrium. FMA:64783 UMLS_CUI:C0225362 trak TRAK:0000044 hyaline cartilage TRAK:0000044 Cartilage (tissue) which consists of chondrocytes and collagen, the intercellular matrix of which is an amorphous gel with a perichondrium. UMLS:C0225362 A crescent-shaped wedge of cartilaginous material that serves as a cushion in the knee, between the tuberosities of the femur and the tibia. There are two locations, the medial meniscus located on the inner aspect of the knee and the lateral which is located on the outer aspect. FMA:64019 UMLS_CUI:C0224498 articular disc of knee joint trak TRAK:0000045 meniscus TRAK:0000045 A crescent-shaped wedge of cartilaginous material that serves as a cushion in the knee, between the tuberosities of the femur and the tibia. There are two locations, the medial meniscus located on the inner aspect of the knee and the lateral which is located on the outer aspect. UMLS:C0224498 A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle. FMA:9721 UMLS_CUI:C0039508 trak TRAK:0000046 tendon TRAK:0000046 A band of fibrous connective tissue that joins bone to muscle. UMLS:C0039508 Synovial sac, the synovial membrane of which together with articular cartilage encloses a synovial cavity. FMA:256694 UMLS_CUI:C2325264 synovial capsule trak TRAK:0000047 synovial capsule of joint TRAK:0000047 Synovial sac, the synovial membrane of which together with articular cartilage encloses a synovial cavity. UMLS:C2325264 FMA:85586 UMLS_CUI:C2334000 trak TRAK:0000048 dense regular collagenous tissue of skeletal ligament TRAK:0000048 A major stabilizing ligament in the knee that attaches the surfaces of the femur and tibia. FMA:44614 UMLS_CUI:C0078960 ACL trak TRAK:0000049 anterior cruciate ligament TRAK:0000049 A major stabilizing ligament in the knee that attaches the surfaces of the femur and tibia. UMLS:C0078960 A strong ligament of the knee that originates from the anterolateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur, passes posteriorly and inferiorly between the condyles, and attaches to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia. UMLS_CUI:C0080039 PCL trak TRAK:0000050 posterior cruciate ligament TRAK:0000050 A strong ligament of the knee that originates from the anterolateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur, passes posteriorly and inferiorly between the condyles, and attaches to the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia. UMLS:C0080039 The ligament that travels from the medial epicondyle of the FEMUR to the medial margin and medial surface of the TIBIA. The medial meniscus is attached to its deep surface. FMA:44600 UMLS_CUI:C0206367 MCL tibial collateral ligament trak TRAK:0000051 medial collateral ligament TRAK:0000051 The ligament that travels from the medial epicondyle of the FEMUR to the medial margin and medial surface of the TIBIA. The medial meniscus is attached to its deep surface. UMLS:C0206367 The ligament that travels from the lateral epicondyle of the FEMUR to the lateral margin and lateral surface of the TIBIA. UMLS_CUI:C0225129 LCL trak TRAK:0000052 lateral collateral ligament TRAK:0000052 A band of fibrous tissue that attaches the apex of the PATELLA to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA. The ligament is actually the caudal continuation of the common tendon of the QUADRICEPS FEMORIS. The patella is embedded in that tendon. As such, the patellar ligament can be thought of as connecting the quadriceps femoris tendon to the tibia, and therefore it is sometimes called the patellar tendon. FMA:44581 UMLS_CUI:C0206332 central band of tendon of quadriceps femoris ligamentum patella patella tendon patellar ligament trak TRAK:0000053 patellar tendon TRAK:0000053 A band of fibrous tissue that attaches the apex of the PATELLA to the lower part of the tubercle of the TIBIA. The ligament is actually the caudal continuation of the common tendon of the QUADRICEPS FEMORIS. The patella is embedded in that tendon. As such, the patellar ligament can be thought of as connecting the quadriceps femoris tendon to the tibia, and therefore it is sometimes called the patellar tendon. UMLS:C0206332 Tissue responsible for the body movements and the shape and size changes of interna organs. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized contractile cells. There are two types of muscle tissue recognized:striated and smooth muscle. The striated muscle tissue is further subdivided into skeletal, visceral striated, and cardiac muscle. FMA:9641 UMLS_CUI:C0026845 trak TRAK:0000054 muscle tissue TRAK:0000054 Tissue responsible for the body movements and the shape and size changes of interna organs. Muscle tissue is composed of specialized contractile cells. There are two types of muscle tissue recognized:striated and smooth muscle. The striated muscle tissue is further subdivided into skeletal, visceral striated, and cardiac muscle. UMLS:C0026845 Muscles of the lower back whose actions involve the flexion of the hips and lumbar spine. The term may refer to psoas major muscle and psoas minor muscle, both located in the lower back. UMLS_CUI:C0085221 trak TRAK:0000055 psoas muscle TRAK:0000055 Muscles of the lower back whose actions involve the flexion of the hips and lumbar spine. The term may refer to psoas major muscle and psoas minor muscle, both located in the lower back. UMLS:C0085221 Any of the skeletal muscles that form the buttocks. These muscles are responsible for hip abduction and extension as well as movement of the thigh. FMA:64922 UMLS_CUI:C1744702 gluteus trak TRAK:0000056 gluteal muscle TRAK:0000056 Any of the skeletal muscles that form the buttocks. These muscles are responsible for hip abduction and extension as well as movement of the thigh. UMLS:C1744702 A muscle with origin from the ilium, the sacrum and the coccyx, and the sacrotuberous ligament, with insertion to the iliotibial band of the broad fascia and the gluteal ridge of the femur, with nerve supply from the inferior gluteal nerve, and whose action extends the thigh. FMA:22314 UMLS_CUI:C0224424 M.gluteus maximus trak TRAK:0000057 gluteus maximus TRAK:0000057 A muscle with origin from the ilium, the sacrum and the coccyx, and the sacrotuberous ligament, with insertion to the iliotibial band of the broad fascia and the gluteal ridge of the femur, with nerve supply from the inferior gluteal nerve, and whose action extends the thigh. MedicalDictionary:gluteus+maximus A muscle with origin in the ilium, with insertion to the surface of the greater trochanter, with nerve supply from the superior gluteal nerve, and whose action abducts and rotates the thigh. FMA:22315 UMLS_CUI:C0224425 trak TRAK:0000058 gluteus medius TRAK:0000058 A muscle with origin in the ilium, with insertion to the surface of the greater trochanter, with nerve supply from the superior gluteal nerve, and whose action abducts and rotates the thigh. MedicalDictionary:gluteus+medius A muscle with origin from the ilium, with insertion to the greater trochanter, with nerve supply from the superior gluteal nerve, and whose action abducts the thigh. FMA:22317 UMLS_CUI:C0224427 trak TRAK:0000059 gluteus minimus TRAK:0000059 A muscle with origin from the ilium, with insertion to the greater trochanter, with nerve supply from the superior gluteal nerve, and whose action abducts the thigh. MedicalDictionary:gluteus+minimus One of the 10 muscles of the gluteal region, arising from the outer lip of the iliac crest, the anterior superior iliac spine, and the deep fascia lata. It lies between the two layers of fascia lata in the proximal third of the thigh and via the iliotibial band inserts onto the lateral tibial condyle (Gerty's tubercle). The tensor fasciae latae functions to flex the thigh and rotate it slightly medially. FMA:22423 UMLS_CUI:C1384497 TFL tensor fasciae latae tensor of fascia lata trak TRAK:0000060 tensor fascia lata TRAK:0000060 One of the 10 muscles of the gluteal region, arising from the outer lip of the iliac crest, the anterior superior iliac spine, and the deep fascia lata. It lies between the two layers of fascia lata in the proximal third of the thigh and via the iliotibial band inserts onto the lateral tibial condyle (Gerty's tubercle). The tensor fasciae latae functions to flex the thigh and rotate it slightly medially. MedicalDictionary:tensor+fascia+lata A collective name of the four-headed skeletal muscle of the thigh, comprised of the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis. FMA:22428 UMLS_CUI:C0224440 quadriceps trak TRAK:0000061 quadriceps femoris TRAK:0000061 A collective name of the four-headed skeletal muscle of the thigh, comprised of the rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis. UMLS:C0224440 A muscle with origin from the shaft of the femur, with insertion into the tibial tuberosity, with nerve supply from the femoral nerve, and whose action extends the leg. FMA:22432 UMLS_CUI:C0224445 VMO vastus medialis oblique vastus medialis obliquus trak TRAK:0000062 vastus medialis TRAK:0000062 A muscle with origin from the shaft of the femur, with insertion into the tibial tuberosity, with nerve supply from the femoral nerve, and whose action extends the leg. MedicalDictionary:vastus+medialis UMLS_CUI:C0424097 trak TRAK:0000063 ability to cope TRAK:0000063 A muscle with origin from the posterior ridge of the femur as far as the greater trochanter, with insertion into the tibia, with nerve supply from the femoral nerve, and whose action extends the leg. FMA:22431 UMLS_CUI:C0224444 trak TRAK:0000064 vastus lateralis TRAK:0000064 A muscle with origin from the posterior ridge of the femur as far as the greater trochanter, with insertion into the tibia, with nerve supply from the femoral nerve, and whose action extends the leg. MedicalDictionary:vastus+lateralis One of the four quadriceps muscles, located in the middle of the front of the thigh. Its actions involve the extension of the knee joint and flexion of the hip. FMA:22430 UMLS_CUI:C0584894 musculus rectos femoris trak TRAK:0000065 rectus femoris TRAK:0000065 One of the four quadriceps muscles, located in the middle of the front of the thigh. Its actions involve the extension of the knee joint and flexion of the hip. UMLS:C0584894 The muscles of the posterior thigh, which consist of biceps femoris-laterally, and the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles-medially FMA:81022 UMLS_CUI:C0584895 posterior thigh muscle trak TRAK:0000066 hamstring TRAK:0000066 The muscles of the posterior thigh, which consist of biceps femoris-laterally, and the semitendinosus and semimembranosus muscles-medially MedicalDictionary:hamstring A muscle in the back of the thigh. Its action involves the knee flexion and hip extension. FMA:22356 UMLS_CUI:C0224449 trak TRAK:0000067 biceps femoris TRAK:0000067 A muscle in the back of the thigh. Its action involves the knee flexion and hip extension. UMLS:C0224449 One of three posterior femoral muscles of the thigh, remarkable for the great length of the tendon of insertion. It is a fusiform muscle located in the posterior and medial part of the thigh, arising from the tuberosity of the ischium. FMA:22357 UMLS_CUI:C0224453 trak TRAK:0000068 semitendinosus TRAK:0000068 One of three posterior femoral muscles of the thigh, remarkable for the great length of the tendon of insertion. It is a fusiform muscle located in the posterior and medial part of the thigh, arising from the tuberosity of the ischium. MedicalDictionary:semitendinosus A muscle with origin from the tuberosity of the ischium, with insertion into the medial condyle of the tibia and by membrane to the tibial collateral ligament of the knee joint, the popliteal fascia, and the lateral condyle of the femur, with nerve supply from the tibial nerve, and whose action flexes the leg, rotates it medially, and makes the capsule of the knee joint tense. FMA:22438 UMLS_CUI:C0224452 trak TRAK:0000069 semimembranosus TRAK:0000069 A muscle with origin from the tuberosity of the ischium, with insertion into the medial condyle of the tibia and by membrane to the tibial collateral ligament of the knee joint, the popliteal fascia, and the lateral condyle of the femur, with nerve supply from the tibial nerve, and whose action flexes the leg, rotates it medially, and makes the capsule of the knee joint tense. MedicalDictionary:semimembranosus The popliteus muscle in the leg is used to unlock the knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during a closed chain movement (such as one with the foot in contact with the ground). FMA:22590 UMLS_CUI:C0224457 M.popliteus popliteal muscle trak TRAK:0000070 popliteus TRAK:0000070 The popliteus muscle in the leg is used to unlock the knee by laterally rotating the femur on the tibia during a closed chain movement (such as one with the foot in contact with the ground). MedicalDictionary:popliteus The calf is a pair of muscles - the gastrocnemius and soleus - at the back of the lower human leg. FMA:22474 UMLS_CUI:C0448482 muscle of posterior compartment of leg posterior crural muscle trak TRAK:0000071 calf muscle TRAK:0000071 The calf is a pair of muscles - the gastrocnemius and soleus - at the back of the lower human leg. MedicalDictionary:calf+muscle A large muscle in the back of the lower leg. Its action involves the plantar flexion of the foot. FMA:22541 UMLS_CUI:C0242691 M.gastrocnemius trak TRAK:0000072 gastrocnemius TRAK:0000072 A large muscle in the back of the lower leg. Its action involves the plantar flexion of the foot. UMLS:C0242691 A muscle located in the back of the lower leg beneath the gastrocnemius muscle. Its actions involve the flexion of the ankle joint and standing. FMA:22542 UMLS_CUI:C0242694 trak TRAK:0000073 soleus TRAK:0000073 A muscle located in the back of the lower leg beneath the gastrocnemius muscle. Its actions involve the flexion of the ankle joint and standing. UMLS:C0242694 In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to dorsiflex and invert the foot. FMA:22532 UMLS_CUI:C0242690 anterior tibialis tibialis anterior trak TRAK:0000074 tibialis anterior muscle TRAK:0000074 In human anatomy, the tibialis anterior is a muscle that originates in the upper two-thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia and inserts into the medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bones of the foot. Its acts to dorsiflex and invert the foot. MedicalDictionary:tibialis+anterior+muscle The Tibialis posterior is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg. FMA:51099 UMLS_CUI:C0224463 posterior tibialis tibialis posterior trak TRAK:0000075 tibialis posterior muscle TRAK:0000075 The Tibialis posterior is the most central of all the leg muscles, and is located in the posterior compartment of the leg. MedicalDictionary:tibialis+posterior+muscle The bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues that reach from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The spinal column encloses the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord. FMA:13478 UMLS_CUI:C0037949 backbone dorsal spine spinal column vertebral column trak TRAK:0000076 spine TRAK:0000076 The bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues that reach from the base of the skull to the tailbone. The spinal column encloses the spinal cord and the fluid surrounding the spinal cord. UMLS:C0037949 A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being situated at right angles to the horizon. FMA:74526 PATO:0001854 RADLEX:RID5853 UMLS_CUI:C0205128 trak TRAK:0000077 vertical TRAK:0000077 A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being situated at right angles to the horizon. PATO:0001854 A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being in the plane of the horizon. FMA:74527 PATO:0001855 RADLEX:RID5852 UMLS_CUI:C0205126 trak TRAK:0000078 horizontal TRAK:0000078 A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being in the plane of the horizon. PATO:0001855 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located on left side of from the a another entity. FMA:30334 PATO:0001792 RADLEX:RID5824 UMLS_CUI:C0205091 left trak TRAK:0000079 left side TRAK:0000079 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located on left side of from the a another entity. PATO:0001792 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located on right side of a another entity. FMA:30333 PATO:0001793 RADLEX:RID5825 UMLS_CUI:C0205090 right trak TRAK:0000080 right side TRAK:0000080 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's being located on right side of a another entity. PATO:0001793 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces south. PATO:0001901 UMLS_CUI:C0439781 backward backwards trak TRAK:0000081 back TRAK:0000081 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces south. PATO:0001901 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the south when it faces north. PATO:0001900 UMLS_CUI:C0439780 forward forwards trak TRAK:0000082 front TRAK:0000082 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the south when it faces north. PATO:0001900 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction from a higher to a lower point. PATO:0000365 UMLS_CUI:C0205104 downward downwards trak TRAK:0000083 down TRAK:0000083 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction from a higher to a lower point. PATO:0000365 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction from a lower to a higher point. PATO:0000370 UMLS_CUI:C1282911 upward upwards trak TRAK:0000084 up TRAK:0000084 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction from a lower to a higher point. PATO:0000370 Measurement of the structure or forms of the entire body or parts of the body of an organism. CMO:0000021 trak TRAK:0000085 body morphological measurement TRAK:0000085 Measurement of the structure or forms of the entire body or parts of the body of an organism. CMO:0000021 An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO:snap:MaterialEntity UMLS_CUI:C0347997 UMLS_TN:A1 UMLS_TUI:T072 physical object trak TRAK:0000086 material entity TRAK:0000086 An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. BFO:snap:MaterialEntity A physical object made by human beings. UMLS_TN:A1.3 UMLS_TUI:T073 trak TRAK:0000087 manufactured object TRAK:0000087 A physical object made by human beings. UMLS:T073 A manufactured object used primarily in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of physiologic or anatomic disorders. UMLS_CUI:C0025080 UMLS_TN:A1.3.1 UMLS_TUI:T074 trak TRAK:0000088 medical device TRAK:0000088 A manufactured object used primarily in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of physiologic or anatomic disorders. UMLS:T074 The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute. CMO:0000002 UMLS_CUI:C0018810 trak TRAK:0000089 heart rate TRAK:0000089 The number of heartbeats per unit of time, usually expressed as beats per minute. UMLS:C0018810 Physical anatomical entity which has mass. Examples: hemoglobin molecule, mitochondrion, hepatocyte, erythrocyte, heart, head, blood, urine. FMA:67165 UMLS_CUI:C1179906 trak TRAK:0000090 material anatomical entity TRAK:0000090 Physical anatomical entity which has mass. Examples: hemoglobin molecule, mitochondrion, hepatocyte, erythrocyte, heart, head, blood, urine. FMA:67165 A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof. OGMS:0000014 UMLS_TN:A2.2 UMLS_TUI:T033 trak TRAK:0000091 clinical finding TRAK:0000091 A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof. OGMS:0000014 Clinical, laboratory or molecular evidence or absence of evidence of disease. UMLS_CUI:C0037088 sign symptom trak TRAK:0000092 clinical manifestation TRAK:0000092 Clinical, laboratory or molecular evidence or absence of evidence of disease. UMLS_CUI:C0037088 Something that happens at a given place and time. UMLS_CUI:C0441471 trak TRAK:0000093 event TRAK:0000093 Something that happens at a given place and time. UMLS:C0441471 An operation or series of operations that an organism or machine carries out or participates in. UMLS_TN:B1 UMLS_TUI:T052 trak TRAK:0000094 activity TRAK:0000094 An operation or series of operations that an organism or machine carries out or participates in. UMLS:T052 An activity carried out for recreation or exercise, or as part of daily life. UMLS_TN:B1.2 UMLS_TUI:T056 trak TRAK:0000095 daily or recreational activity TRAK:0000095 An activity carried out for recreation or exercise, or as part of daily life. UMLS:T056 An activity of or relating to the practice of medicine or involving the care of patients. UMLS_TN:B1.3.1 UMLS_TUI:T058 trak TRAK:0000096 health care activity TRAK:0000096 An activity of or relating to the practice of medicine or involving the care of patients. UMLS:T058 A procedure, method, or technique designed to prevent a disease or a disorder, or to improve physical function, or used in the process of treating a disease or injury. UMLS_TN:B1.3.1.3 UMLS_TUI:T061 trak TRAK:0000097 therapeutic or preventive procedure TRAK:0000097 A procedure, method, or technique designed to prevent a disease or a disorder, or to improve physical function, or used in the process of treating a disease or injury. UMLS:T061 Application of an accurately determined and specifically directed manual force to the body, in order to improve mobility in areas that are restricted; in joints, in connective tissues or in skeletal muscles. UMLS_CUI:C0454525 trak TRAK:0000098 manual therapy TRAK:0000098 A procedure that mobilizes or frees up an abnormally fixed structure. UMLS_CUI:C0185112 trak TRAK:0000099 therapeutic mobilization TRAK:0000099 A procedure that mobilizes or frees up an abnormally fixed structure. UMLS:C0185112 A stretching technique used to increase range of joint motion. This is achieved by maximally contracting and then relaxing a tightened muscle. UMLS_CUI:C0454482 contract relax technique trak TRAK:0000100 hold relax technique TRAK:0000100 Muscle energy technique is a type of osteopathic manipulative treatment used in osteopathic medicine and physical therapy. Muscle energy techniques are used to treat somatic dysfunction, especially decreased range of motion, muscular hypertonicity and pain. UMLS_CUI:C1562466 trak TRAK:0000101 muscle energy technique TRAK:0000101 Muscle energy technique is a type of osteopathic manipulative treatment used in osteopathic medicine and physical therapy. Muscle energy techniques are used to treat somatic dysfunction, especially decreased range of motion, muscular hypertonicity and pain. MedicalDictionary:muscle+energy+technique A direct technique that usually involves lateral stretching, linear stretching, deep pressure, traction and/or separation of muscle origin and insertion while monitoring tissue response and motion changes by palpation. UMLS_CUI:C1704543 trak TRAK:0000102 soft tissue technique TRAK:0000102 A direct technique that usually involves lateral stretching, linear stretching, deep pressure, traction and/or separation of muscle origin and insertion while monitoring tissue response and motion changes by palpation. UMLS:C1704543 A massage involving direct physical action on soft tissues such as muscles, tendons and fascia. UMLS_CUI:C0556852 trak TRAK:0000103 soft tissue massage TRAK:0000103 A system of diagnosis and treatment first described by Andrew Taylor Still and his early students, which engages continual palpatory feedback to achieve release of myofascial tissues. UMLS_CUI:C0695600 trak TRAK:0000104 myofascial release TRAK:0000104 A system of diagnosis and treatment first described by Andrew Taylor Still and his early students, which engages continual palpatory feedback to achieve release of myofascial tissues. UMLS:C0695600 A technique developed for pain and inflammation relief in musculoskeletal conditions. It attempts to reduce abnormal fibrous adhesions, mobilise scar tissue and enhance normal healing. Its mechanical action causes hyperaemia, which results in increased blood flow to the area. UMLS_CUI:C0556841 DTFM trak TRAK:0000105 deep transverse friction massage TRAK:0000105 A technique developed for pain and inflammation relief in musculoskeletal conditions. It attempts to reduce abnormal fibrous adhesions, mobilise scar tissue and enhance normal healing. Its mechanical action causes hyperaemia, which results in increased blood flow to the area. PMID:12519601 A massage therapy specifically designed to treat trigger points, specific locations in the body which when stimulated will give rise to sensations or symptoms elsewhere in the body. UMLS_CUI:C2081173 trak TRAK:0000106 trigger point therapy TRAK:0000106 A manual therapy method for treatment of adverse neurodynamics by attempting to restore the dynamic balance between the relative movement of neural tissues and surrounding mechanical interfaces. UMLS_CUI:C0556779 adverse neural tension technique trak TRAK:0000107 neural mobilization TRAK:0000107 A manual therapy method for treatment of adverse neurodynamics by attempting to restore the dynamic balance between the relative movement of neural tissues and surrounding mechanical interfaces. PMID:19119380 A technique in which one is relaxed and makes no contribution to the range of motion. Instead, an external force is used to achieve the stretching. A position is held by another body part or person, or an apparatus. UMLS_CUI:C1720871 trak TRAK:0000108 passive stretching TRAK:0000108 A technique in which one is relaxed and makes no contribution to the range of motion. Instead, an external force is used to achieve the stretching. A position is held by another body part or person, or an apparatus. UMLS:C1720871 Joint manipulation is the attempt to restore the full joint mobility by a single forceful movement. UMLS_CUI:C0556783 trak TRAK:0000109 non-surgical manipulation of joint TRAK:0000109 Joint manipulation is the attempt to restore the full joint mobility by a single forceful movement. MedicalDictionary:Joint+manipulation A therapeutic modality that delivers a physical agent (e.g. heat, cold, light, electricity) to the body for therapeutic purposes. UMLS_CUI:C0454526 trak TRAK:0000110 physical agent therapy TRAK:0000110 Assisting the patient to modify a body function using feedback from instrumentation. UMLS_CUI:C0005491 trak TRAK:0000111 biofeedback TRAK:0000111 Assisting the patient to modify a body function using feedback from instrumentation. UMLS:C0005491 A form of therapy consisting of the local or general use of cold. UMLS_CUI:C0010412 cold therapy trak TRAK:0000112 cryotherapy TRAK:0000112 A form of therapy consisting of the local or general use of cold. UMLS:C0010412 Cryocuff treatment uses a device that circulates ice cold water to provide cold therapy in the treatment of injuries. UMLS_CUI:C0556919 trak TRAK:0000113 cryocuff treatment TRAK:0000113 Application of an ice pack to an injured area. A thin fabric should be placed on the skin to buffer the skin from the ice. trak TRAK:0000114 ice pack application TRAK:0000114 The application of heat to appropriate painful areas to improve blood flow and function and to reduce pain. It can be applied though many methods, using convection, conduction, or radiation. Conduction uses hydrocollator, paraffin, or other similar methods. Convection uses immersion hydrotherapy, immersion, forced fluidotherapy, and radiant heat. Radiation uses laser. UMLS_CUI:C0150611 therapeutic heat application trak TRAK:0000115 thermotherapy TRAK:0000115 The application of heat to appropriate painful areas to improve blood flow and function and to reduce pain. It can be applied though many methods, using convection, conduction, or radiation. Conduction uses hydrocollator, paraffin, or other similar methods. Convection uses immersion hydrotherapy, immersion, forced fluidotherapy, and radiant heat. Radiation uses laser. UMLS:C0150611 Applying heat to a client's body part or region for therapeutic effect(s) (for example, to increase circulation). UMLS_CUI:C0695361 trak TRAK:0000116 thermotherapy with hot packs TRAK:0000116 Applying heat to a client's body part or region for therapeutic effect(s) (for example, to increase circulation). UMLS:C0695361 The therapeutic elevation of temperature in the tissues by means of an oscillating electric current of extremely high frequency. UMLS_CUI:C0492047 trak TRAK:0000117 shortwave diathermy TRAK:0000117 The therapeutic elevation of temperature in the tissues by means of an oscillating electric current of extremely high frequency. MedicalDictionary:shortwave+diathermy Treatment using irradiation with LASER light of low power intensity so that the effects are not due to heat, as they are in LASER THERAPY. UMLS_CUI:C0279027 trak TRAK:0000118 low-level laser therapy TRAK:0000118 Treatment using irradiation with LASER light of low power intensity so that the effects are not due to heat, as they are in LASER THERAPY. UMLS:C0279027 Therapy using pulsed electromagnetic energy. UMLS_CUI:C0556897 PEMET pulsed electromagnetic (short-wave) energy therapy trak TRAK:0000119 pulsed electromagnetic energy therapy TRAK:0000119 Therapy using pulsed electromagnetic energy. PMID:2629997 Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the threshold of the skin to pain. UMLS_CUI:C0013787 electric stimulation therapy trak TRAK:0000120 electrotherapy TRAK:0000120 Application of electric current in treatment without the generation of perceptible heat. It includes electric stimulation of nerves or muscles, passage of current into the body, or use of interrupted current of low intensity to raise the threshold of the skin to pain. UMLS:C0013787 A procedure in which small electric impulses are used to stimulate muscles that are weak or paralyzed. It helps to increase muscle strength, blood circulation, and range of motion and to lessen muscle spasms. UMLS_CUI:C2985393 trak TRAK:0000121 neuromuscular electrical stimulation TRAK:0000121 A procedure in which small electric impulses are used to stimulate muscles that are weak or paralyzed. It helps to increase muscle strength, blood circulation, and range of motion and to lessen muscle spasms. UMLS:C2985393 Stimulation of skin and underlying tissues with controlled, low-voltage electrical vibration via electrodes. UMLS_CUI:C0040654 trak TRAK:0000122 transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation TRAK:0000122 Stimulation of skin and underlying tissues with controlled, low-voltage electrical vibration via electrodes. UMLS:C0040654 Interferential therapy (IFT) is a type of physical therapy. It uses a mid-frequency electrical signal to treat muscular spasms and strains. UMLS_CUI:C0556898 IFT trak TRAK:0000123 interferential therapy TRAK:0000123 Interferential therapy (IFT) is a type of physical therapy. It uses a mid-frequency electrical signal to treat muscular spasms and strains. Wikipedia:Interferential_therapy Physical activity as practiced in recreation, amateur and professional sports, or planned activity to improve physical condition or health. UMLS_CUI:C0015259 trak TRAK:0000124 exercise TRAK:0000124 Physical activity as practiced in recreation, amateur and professional sports, or planned activity to improve physical condition or health. UMLS:C0015259 Functional training is a classification of exercise which involves training the body for the activities performed in daily life. UMLS_CUI:C0150219 functional training trak TRAK:0000125 functional exercise TRAK:0000125 Functional training is a classification of exercise which involves training the body for the activities performed in daily life. Wikipedia:Functional_training An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking. UMLS_CUI:C0080331 trak TRAK:0000126 walking TRAK:0000126 An activity in which the body advances at a slow to moderate pace by moving the feet in a coordinated fashion. This includes recreational walking, walking for fitness, and competitive race-walking. UMLS:C0080331 Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being. UMLS_CUI:C0022400 trak TRAK:0000127 jogging TRAK:0000127 Running at a low rate of speed. It can be done as a means of conditioning or for general health and well being. UMLS:C0022400 An activity in which the body is propelled by moving the legs rapidly. Running is performed at a moderate to rapid pace and should be differentiated from JOGGING, which is performed at a much slower pace. UMLS_CUI:C0035953 trak TRAK:0000128 running TRAK:0000128 An activity in which the body is propelled by moving the legs rapidly. Running is performed at a moderate to rapid pace and should be differentiated from JOGGING, which is performed at a much slower pace. UMLS:C0035953 UMLS_CUI:C0454377 trak TRAK:0000129 running straight TRAK:0000129 UMLS_CUI:C0454379 trak TRAK:0000130 running in circles TRAK:0000130 UMLS_CUI:C0454384 trak TRAK:0000131 running backwards TRAK:0000131 A non-impact form of running performed in a swimming pool. UMLS_CUI:C0454406 aqua jogging trak TRAK:0000132 water running TRAK:0000132 A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATO:0000001 trait trak TRAK:0000133 quality TRAK:0000133 A dependent entity that inheres in a bearer by virtue of how the bearer is related to other entities. PATO:0000001 Start position: Stand upright with feet shoulder width apart. Action: Slowly bend knees until the thighs are parallel to the floor, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. Variations: sliding up and down the wall; adding hand weights; varying the trunk angle; varying the feet positioning; adding calf raises when rising from the squat; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements. trak TRAK:0000134 squats TRAK:0000134 A lunge can refer to any position of the human body where one leg is positioned forward with knee bent and foot flat on the ground while the other leg is positioned behind. trak TRAK:0000135 lunges TRAK:0000135 A lunge can refer to any position of the human body where one leg is positioned forward with knee bent and foot flat on the ground while the other leg is positioned behind. Wikipedia:Lunge_(exercise) Start position: Place the affected leg on the step. Action: Rise up onto the step by slowly straightening the affected knee while maintaining the balance on that leg. Keep the affected leg on the step and slowly bend the affected knee until the other foot lightly touches the floor. Variations: adding hand weights. UMLS_CUI:C0454366 trak TRAK:0000136 step ups TRAK:0000136 The act of propelling the body through water by movement of the arms and/or legs. UMLS_CUI:C0039003 trak TRAK:0000137 swimming TRAK:0000137 The act of propelling the body through water by movement of the arms and/or legs. UMLS:C0039003 Use of specific activities, postures, and movements to maintain, enhance, or restore balance. UMLS_CUI:C0150219 trak TRAK:0000138 balance exercise TRAK:0000138 Use of specific activities, postures, and movements to maintain, enhance, or restore balance. UMLS:C0150219 The sense of body position and movement, mediated by the labyrinth (equilibrium) and peripheral receptors in the muscles and elsewhere (limb and joint position); kinesthesia includes the latter, but not equilibrium. UMLS_CUI:C0178811 kinesthesia trak TRAK:0000139 proprioception TRAK:0000139 The sense of body position and movement, mediated by the labyrinth (equilibrium) and peripheral receptors in the muscles and elsewhere (limb and joint position); kinesthesia includes the latter, but not equilibrium. C0178811 Exercises in which muscles are repeatedly and rapidly stretched, followed by shortening, concentric MUSCLE CONTRACTION (e.g. jumping and rebounding). They are designed to exert maximal force in minimal time by increasing STRETCH REFLEX. UMLS_CUI:C3178799 trak TRAK:0000140 plyometric exercise TRAK:0000140 Exercises in which muscles are repeatedly and rapidly stretched, followed by shortening, concentric MUSCLE CONTRACTION (e.g. jumping and rebounding). They are designed to exert maximal force in minimal time by increasing STRETCH REFLEX. UMLS:C3178799 A light springy jump or leap, especially on one foot. UMLS_CUI:C0454385 hopping exercise hopping training trak TRAK:0000141 hopping TRAK:0000141 A light springy jump or leap, especially on one foot. FreeDictionary:hopping Moving up off the ground by bending and extending the legs, such as jumping on one foot, hopping, skipping and jumping or diving into water. UMLS_CUI:C0221189 trak TRAK:0000142 jumping TRAK:0000142 Moving up off the ground by bending and extending the legs, such as jumping on one foot, hopping, skipping and jumping or diving into water. UMLS:C0221189 A cardiopulmonary exercise in which one jumps over a swinging rope. UMLS_CUI:C2712409 jumping rope skipping rope trak TRAK:0000143 skipping TRAK:0000143 A cardiopulmonary exercise in which one jumps over a swinging rope. FreeDictionary:Jump-rope Bouncing on a trampoline. UMLS_CUI:C2712405 trak TRAK:0000144 trampolining TRAK:0000144 trak TRAK:0000145 knee instability TRAK:0000145 A joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. FMA:35184 UMLS_CUI:C0730181 proximal tibiofibular joint tibiofibular joint trak TRAK:0000146 superior tibiofibular joint TRAK:0000146 A joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. Wikipedia:Superior_tibiofibular_joint Actions performed to provide the active or passive exercises to maintain knee function. trak TRAK:0000147 range of motion exercise for knee TRAK:0000147 An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity. IAO:0000030 trak TRAK:0000148 information content entity TRAK:0000148 An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity. IAO:0000030 An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. BFO:span:Occurrent perdurant trak TRAK:0000149 occurrent TRAK:0000149 An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. Sometimes also called perdurants. BFO:span:Occurrent A measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the respiratory system or portion of the respiratory system. CMO:0000094 trak TRAK:0000150 respiratory system measurement TRAK:0000150 A measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the respiratory system or portion of the respiratory system. CMO:0000094 Actions performed to provide the active or passive exercises to maintain joint function. UMLS_CUI:C0150220 trak TRAK:0000151 range of motion exercise TRAK:0000151 Actions performed to provide the active or passive exercises to maintain joint function. UMLS:C0150220 An exercise that incorporates muscular contractions to improve muscular strength. UMLS_CUI:C0419118 strength exercise trak TRAK:0000152 muscle strength exercise TRAK:0000152 A type of strength-building exercise program that requires the body muscle to exert a force against some form of resistance, such as weight, stretch bands, water, or immovable objects. Resistance exercise is a combination of static and dynamic contractions involving shortening and lengthening of skeletal muscles. UMLS_CUI:C0872279 trak TRAK:0000153 resistance exercise TRAK:0000153 A type of strength-building exercise program that requires the body muscle to exert a force against some form of resistance, such as weight, stretch bands, water, or immovable objects. Resistance exercise is a combination of static and dynamic contractions involving shortening and lengthening of skeletal muscles. UMLS:C0872279 Muscle contraction not accompanied by movement of the joint. Resistance applied to the contraction increases muscle tension without producing movement of the joint. UMLS_CUI:C0022205 trak TRAK:0000154 isometric contraction TRAK:0000154 Muscle contraction not accompanied by movement of the joint. Resistance applied to the contraction increases muscle tension without producing movement of the joint. MedicalDictionary:isometric+contraction Muscle contraction without appreciable change in the force of contraction; the distance between the muscle's origin and insertion becomes lessened. UMLS_CUI:C0022259 trak TRAK:0000155 isotonic contraction TRAK:0000155 Muscle contraction without appreciable change in the force of contraction; the distance between the muscle's origin and insertion becomes lessened. MedicalDictionary:isotonic+contraction Muscle contraction is one in which the muscle contracts and shortens at constant speed. UMLS_CUI:C1562476 trak TRAK:0000156 isokinetic contraction TRAK:0000156 Muscle contraction resulting in shortening of a muscle, used to perform positive work or to accelerate a body part. UMLS_CUI:C1563191 shortening contraction trak TRAK:0000157 concentric contraction TRAK:0000157 Muscle contraction resulting in shortening of a muscle, used to perform positive work or to accelerate a body part. MedicalDictionary:concentric+contraction Muscle contraction in the presence of a resistive force that results in elongation of a muscle, used to perform negative work or to decelerate a body part. UMLS_CUI:C1562259 lengthening contraction trak TRAK:0000158 eccentric contraction TRAK:0000158 Muscle contraction in the presence of a resistive force that results in elongation of a muscle, used to perform negative work or to decelerate a body part. MedicalDictionary:eccentric+contraction An exercise designed to improve flexibility or range of motion. UMLS_CUI:C2945658 trak TRAK:0000159 flexibility exercise TRAK:0000159 Facilitation of systematic slow-stretch-hold muscle exercises to induce relaxation, to prepare muscles/joints for more vigorous exercise, or to increase or maintain body flexibility. UMLS_CUI:C0600080 trak TRAK:0000160 stretching exercise TRAK:0000160 Facilitation of systematic slow-stretch-hold muscle exercises to induce relaxation, to prepare muscles/joints for more vigorous exercise, or to increase or maintain body flexibility. UMLS:C0600080 Physical activity that increases the heart rate and the body's use of oxygen. It helps improve a person's physical fitness. UMLS_CUI:C0001701 trak TRAK:0000161 aerobic exercise TRAK:0000161 Physical activity that increases the heart rate and the body's use of oxygen. It helps improve a person's physical fitness. UMLS:C0001701 Mobility aids help you walk or move from place to place if you are disabled or have an injury. They include crutches, canes, walkers, wheelchairs and motorized scooters. UMLS_CUI:C1283234 trak TRAK:0000162 mobility device TRAK:0000162 Mobility aids help you walk or move from place to place if you are disabled or have an injury. They include crutches, canes, walkers, wheelchairs and motorized scooters. UMLS:C1283234 An orthopedic device used to support a moveable body part. UMLS_CUI:C0006086 trak TRAK:0000163 orthopedic braces TRAK:0000163 An orthopedic device used to support a moveable body part. UMLS:C0006086 A device applied to a human limb to control or enhance movement or to prevent bone movement or deformity, for example, a splint or an arch support. UMLS_CUI:C0029365 trak TRAK:0000164 orthotic device TRAK:0000164 A device applied to a human limb to control or enhance movement or to prevent bone movement or deformity, for example, a splint or an arch support. UMLS:C0029365 FMA:33535 UMLS_CUI:C0825429 surface of bone trak TRAK:0000165 bone surface TRAK:0000165 A device for exercising the body. UMLS_CUI:C0180776 trak TRAK:0000166 exerciser TRAK:0000166 A device for exercising the body. FreeDictionary:exerciser Exerciser designed to facilitate the physical exertion of body muscles by the voluntary contraction and relaxation of large muscle groups (i.e., active exercisers), which are intended primarily for making users breathe more deeply and their hearts work harder; activities in aerobic exercises can be usually maintained continuously and are rhythmic in nature. Dedicated aerobic exercisers are available for walking and jogging (e.g., treadmills), cycling (e.g., stationary bicycles), and other activities such as rowing, elliptical motion, or bouncing. UMLS_CUI:C2721216 trak TRAK:0000167 aerobic exerciser TRAK:0000167 Exerciser designed to facilitate the physical exertion of body muscles by the voluntary contraction and relaxation of large muscle groups (i.e., active exercisers), which are intended primarily for making users breathe more deeply and their hearts work harder; activities in aerobic exercises can be usually maintained continuously and are rhythmic in nature. Dedicated aerobic exercisers are available for walking and jogging (e.g., treadmills), cycling (e.g., stationary bicycles), and other activities such as rowing, elliptical motion, or bouncing. UMLS:C2721216 Aerobic exercisers designed to simulate elliptical (in an oval plane) motions, a combination of stair-stepping, running, cross-country skiing, and walking. UMLS_CUI:C2720609 trak TRAK:0000168 elliptical motion exerciser TRAK:0000168 Aerobic exercisers designed to simulate elliptical (in an oval plane) motions, a combination of stair-stepping, running, cross-country skiing, and walking. UMLS:C2720609 Aerobic cycle exercisers designed to simulate the motions of riding a bicycle; the bicycles remain stationary while the wheels move. UMLS_CUI:C0392218 trak TRAK:0000169 stationary bicycle TRAK:0000169 Aerobic cycle exercisers designed to simulate the motions of riding a bicycle; the bicycles remain stationary while the wheels move. UMLS:C0392218 A bicycle is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. UMLS_CUI:C0005375 trak TRAK:0000170 bicycle TRAK:0000170 A bicycle is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. Wikipedia:Bicycle Aerobic exercisers designed to simulate the motions of rowing (i.e., propelling a boat forward using oars). UMLS_CUI:C2721288 trak TRAK:0000171 rowing machine TRAK:0000171 Aerobic exercisers designed to simulate the motions of rowing (i.e., propelling a boat forward using oars). UMLS:C2721288 Climbing aerobic exercisers designed to simulate the motion of climbing stairs using movable stairs or steppers. UMLS_CUI:C2721222 trak TRAK:0000172 stepper TRAK:0000172 Climbing aerobic exercisers designed to simulate the motion of climbing stairs using movable stairs or steppers. UMLS:C2721222 Aerobic exercisers designed to allow the user to exercise by walking and/or running on a moving belt. UMLS_CUI:C0184069 trak TRAK:0000173 treadmill TRAK:0000173 Aerobic exercisers designed to allow the user to exercise by walking and/or running on a moving belt. UMLS:C0184069 Exercisers designed for the physical exertion of body muscles by voluntary contraction and relaxation of the muscles, which are intended primarily to improve the user's ability to maintain proper posture and stability. Dedicated balance exercisers are available in the forms of balls, discs, boards, domes, and rollers. UMLS_CUI:C2720608 trak TRAK:0000174 balance exerciser TRAK:0000174 Exercisers designed for the physical exertion of body muscles by voluntary contraction and relaxation of the muscles, which are intended primarily to improve the user's ability to maintain proper posture and stability. Dedicated balance exercisers are available in the forms of balls, discs, boards, domes, and rollers. UMLS:C2720608 A small inflatable cushion, strong enough to sit or stand on, used to create instability. trak TRAK:0000175 wobble cushion TRAK:0000175 Board balance exerciser that consists of a round, flat, wooden or plastic board with a plastic, semispherical fulcrum attached underneath; they can usually be moved in multiple angular degrees, and tile angles are also adjustable. UMLS_CUI:C2721268 trak TRAK:0000176 wobble board TRAK:0000176 Board balance exerciser that consists of a round, flat, wooden or plastic board with a plastic, semispherical fulcrum attached underneath; they can usually be moved in multiple angular degrees, and tile angles are also adjustable. UMLS:C2721268 Board balance exerciser that consists of a flat, square or rectangular, wooden board and a wooden or plastic fulcrum attached underneath. UMLS_CUI:C2721269 rocker board trak TRAK:0000177 rocker board TRAK:0000177 Board balance exerciser that consists of a flat, square or rectangular, wooden board and a wooden or plastic fulcrum attached underneath. UMLS:C2721269 Balance exerciser that consists of a synthetic or rubber ball approximately 65 cm in diamter. UMLS_CUI:C2721273 Swiss ball gym ball gymball trak TRAK:0000178 balance ball TRAK:0000178 Balance exerciser that consists of a synthetic or rubber ball approximately 65 cm in diamter. UMLS:C2721273 Exercisers designed primarily to facilitate the physical exertion of body muscles by voluntary contraction and relaxation of large muscle groups (i.e., active exercisers) that are intended primarily to provide resistance to muscular contraction for development of muscular strength and endurance. The resistance to muscular contractions may be provided by gravity using free weights or constrained weights, hydraulic resistance mechanisms, elastic resistance, or other sources. UMLS_CUI:C2721227 trak TRAK:0000179 muscle strength exerciser TRAK:0000179 Exercisers designed primarily to facilitate the physical exertion of body muscles by voluntary contraction and relaxation of large muscle groups (i.e., active exercisers) that are intended primarily to provide resistance to muscular contraction for development of muscular strength and endurance. The resistance to muscular contractions may be provided by gravity using free weights or constrained weights, hydraulic resistance mechanisms, elastic resistance, or other sources. UMLS:C2721227 Strength exercisers designed to provide elastic resistance to muscular contraction for developing muscular strength and endurance. These exercisers typically consist of an elastic material such as a flexible (e.g., rubber) band or tube or a coiled metal spring; the elastic resistance increases as the elastic element is stretched. UMLS_CUI:C2721256 resistance band resistance tube thera-band trak TRAK:0000180 elastic resistance exerciser TRAK:0000180 Strength exercisers designed to provide elastic resistance to muscular contraction for developing muscular strength and endurance. These exercisers typically consist of an elastic material such as a flexible (e.g., rubber) band or tube or a coiled metal spring; the elastic resistance increases as the elastic element is stretched. UMLS:C2721256 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using unconstrained weighted plates; the resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the free weights. Free weights are not attached to any other devices and do not restrict the user's movements; they usually include barbells and dumbbells. UMLS_CUI:C2721764 trak TRAK:0000181 free weight TRAK:0000181 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using unconstrained weighted plates; the resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the free weights. Free weights are not attached to any other devices and do not restrict the user's movements; they usually include barbells and dumbbells. UMLS:C2721764 Free weight exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using two weight plates connected by a short bar (i.e., dumbbells and weight); the resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the dumbbells. UMLS_CUI:C2720528 trak TRAK:0000182 dumbbell TRAK:0000182 Free weight exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using two weight plates connected by a short bar (i.e., dumbbells and weight); the resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the dumbbells. UMLS:C2720528 The kettlebell is a cast-iron weight (resembling a cannonball with a handle) used to perform ballistic exercises that combine cardiovascular, strength and flexibility training. UMLS_CUI:C2721233 trak TRAK:0000183 kettlebell TRAK:0000183 The kettlebell is a cast-iron weight (resembling a cannonball with a handle) used to perform ballistic exercises that combine cardiovascular, strength and flexibility training. Wikipedia:Kettlebell Free weight exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction. These devices are long bars with removable weighted disks attached to each end. Using the weight on the barbells, resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the barbell. UMLS_CUI:C2721233 trak TRAK:0000184 barbell TRAK:0000184 Free weight exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction. These devices are long bars with removable weighted disks attached to each end. Using the weight on the barbells, resistance is provided by the force of gravity acting on the barbell. UMLS:C2721233 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using a mechanism based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers; resistance may be provided by the force of gravity exerted on constrained weight stacks, by a hydraulic mechanism in which resistance changes in proportion to the force exerted on it, or by any other appropriate means. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other and/or a hydraulic piston, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or pulley cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Dedicated lever-pulley-cable exercisers intended to improve the strength in full body or specific body muscle groups such as the upper and lower limbs, trunk, and neck are available; the exercisers may also increase muscle size, muscle endurance, and power and improve bone density. UMLS_CUI:C2721234 resistance machine trak TRAK:0000185 weight machine TRAK:0000185 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction using a mechanism based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers; resistance may be provided by the force of gravity exerted on constrained weight stacks, by a hydraulic mechanism in which resistance changes in proportion to the force exerted on it, or by any other appropriate means. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other and/or a hydraulic piston, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or pulley cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Dedicated lever-pulley-cable exercisers intended to improve the strength in full body or specific body muscle groups such as the upper and lower limbs, trunk, and neck are available; the exercisers may also increase muscle size, muscle endurance, and power and improve bone density. UMLS:C2721234 PATO:0002062 trak TRAK:0000186 physical quality of a process TRAK:0000186 An intensity which is relatively low. PATO:0001783 trak TRAK:0000187 low intensity TRAK:0000187 An intensity which is relatively low. PATO:0001783 An intensity which is relatively high. PATO:0001782 trak TRAK:0000188 high intensity TRAK:0000188 An intensity which is relatively high. PATO:0001782 An exerciser that is not a machine. trak TRAK:0000189 fitness accessory TRAK:0000189 A medicine ball is a weighted ball roughly the diameter of the shoulders. conditioning ball exercise ball fitness ball med ball weighted ball trak TRAK:0000190 medicine ball TRAK:0000190 A medicine ball is a weighted ball roughly the diameter of the shoulders. Wikipedia:Medicine_ball Aerobic exercisers that may consist simply of a rope or cord that users swing over themselves and jump or skip over each time it reaches the feet and the two handles that users hold. The cords may be made of nylon, polyvinyl, cotton, steel, leather, or rubber, and some cords may be braided or segmented and/or permit length adjustment; the handles can be wooden or plastic and may be mounted with removable weights to add resistance to the muscles involved in the exercise. UMLS_CUI:C2721763 jumping rope trak TRAK:0000191 skipping rope TRAK:0000191 Aerobic exercisers that may consist simply of a rope or cord that users swing over themselves and jump or skip over each time it reaches the feet and the two handles that users hold. The cords may be made of nylon, polyvinyl, cotton, steel, leather, or rubber, and some cords may be braided or segmented and/or permit length adjustment; the handles can be wooden or plastic and may be mounted with removable weights to add resistance to the muscles involved in the exercise. UMLS:C2721763 A trampoline is a device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric stretched over a steel frame using many coiled springs. UMLS_CUI:C2720527 bouncer rebounder trak TRAK:0000192 trampoline TRAK:0000192 A trampoline is a device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric stretched over a steel frame using many coiled springs. Wikipedia:Trampoline A football is an inflated ball used to play one of the various sports known as football. UMLS_CUI:C0336986 soccer ball trak TRAK:0000193 football TRAK:0000193 A football is an inflated ball used to play one of the various sports known as football. Wikipedia:Football_(ball) A support consisting of a place to rest the foot while ascending or descending a stairway. UMLS_CUI:C2825408 stair trak TRAK:0000194 step TRAK:0000194 A support consisting of a place to rest the foot while ascending or descending a stairway. UMLS:C2825408 A short narrow board having a set of four wheels mounted under it. UMLS_CUI:C0336985 trak TRAK:0000195 skateboard TRAK:0000195 A short narrow board having a set of four wheels mounted under it. FreeDictionary:skateboard The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings. UMLS_CUI:C0030193 trak TRAK:0000196 pain TRAK:0000196 The sensation of discomfort, distress, or agony, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve endings. UMLS:C0030193 Enlargement; expansion in size; sign of inflammation. UMLS_CUI:C0038999 trak TRAK:0000197 swelling TRAK:0000197 Enlargement; expansion in size; sign of inflammation. UMLS:C0038999 UMLS_CUI:C0152031 trak TRAK:0000198 joint swelling TRAK:0000198 The sensation of a joint (e.g. knee or hip) failing to properly support the weight of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0231748 trak TRAK:0000199 giving-way TRAK:0000199 Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles. UMLS_CUI:C0022410 trak TRAK:0000200 joint instability TRAK:0000200 Lack of stability of a joint or joint prosthesis. Factors involved are intra-articular disease and integrity of extra-articular structures such as joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles. UMLS:C0022410 A sensation of discomfort and tightness while moving a joint. Typically there is decreased joint range of motion. Causes include arthritis, joint overuse, joint injury, and the aging process. UMLS_CUI:C0162298 trak TRAK:0000201 joint stiffness TRAK:0000201 A sensation of discomfort and tightness while moving a joint. Typically there is decreased joint range of motion. Causes include arthritis, joint overuse, joint injury, and the aging process. UMLS:C0162298 Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease (Stedman, 25th ed). UMLS_CUI:C1536570 trak TRAK:0000202 symptom management TRAK:0000202 Deliberate regulation of one's weight through diet, exercise, or other means. Also, the relative weight change resulting from such regulation practices. UMLS_CUI:C0920298 weight control weight maintenance regimen trak TRAK:0000203 weight management TRAK:0000203 Deliberate regulation of one's weight through diet, exercise, or other means. Also, the relative weight change resulting from such regulation practices. UMLS:C0920298 Pathological structure, disposition, or process. This disjoint category helps properly represent diseases because it is often left open whether they are meant as pathological structure, disposition, or process. BioTop:PathologicalCondition trak TRAK:0000204 pathological condition TRAK:0000204 Pathological structure, disposition, or process. This disjoint category helps properly represent diseases because it is often left open whether they are meant as pathological structure, disposition, or process. BioTop:PathologicalCondition A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. OGMS:0000031 UMLS_CUI:C0012634 trak TRAK:0000205 disease TRAK:0000205 A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. OGMS:0000031 A part of an organism that has undergone a change in structural integrity and has a higher chance of dysfunction or causing dysfunction in another structure. OGMS:0000102 UMLS_CUI:C0175677 trauma traumatic injury trak TRAK:0000206 injury TRAK:0000206 A part of an organism that has undergone a change in structural integrity and has a higher chance of dysfunction or causing dysfunction in another structure. OGMS:0000102 Dislocations are joint injuries that force the ends of your bones out of position. When a dislocation occurs, you cannot move the joint. You can dislocate your ankles, knees, shoulders, hips and elbows. Dislocated joints often are swollen, very painful and visibly out of place. UMLS_CUI:C0012691 trak TRAK:0000207 dislocation TRAK:0000207 Dislocations are joint injuries that force the ends of your bones out of position. When a dislocation occurs, you cannot move the joint. You can dislocate your ankles, knees, shoulders, hips and elbows. Dislocated joints often are swollen, very painful and visibly out of place. UMLS:C0012691 Breaks or rupture in bones or cartilages. UMLS_CUI:C0016658 trak TRAK:0000208 fracture TRAK:0000208 Breaks or rupture in bones or cartilages. UMLS:C0016658 Fractures in which there is an external wound communicating with the break of the bone. UMLS_CUI:C0016662 trak TRAK:0000209 open fracture TRAK:0000209 Fractures in which there is an external wound communicating with the break of the bone. UMLS:C0016662 A fracture in which the break in bone is not accompanied by an external wound. UMLS_CUI:C0016659 simple fracture trak TRAK:0000210 closed fracture TRAK:0000210 A fracture in which the break in bone is not accompanied by an external wound. UMLS:C0016659 Forcible tearing or disruption of tissue. UMLS_CUI:C3203359 disruption rupture split tearing trak TRAK:0000211 tear TRAK:0000211 Forcible tearing or disruption of tissue. UMLS:C3203359 A tear that does not completely disrupt the tissue. UMLS_CUI:C0443274 incomplete tear partial rupture trak TRAK:0000212 partial tear TRAK:0000212 A tear that splits the tissue into two pieces. UMLS_CUI:C0443186 complete rupture trak TRAK:0000213 complete tear TRAK:0000213 A compression injury of the bone, which is usually associated with a bone bruise. UMLS_CUI:1390461 trak TRAK:0000214 bone contusion TRAK:0000214 An incomplete dislocation of a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0332768 trak TRAK:0000215 subluxation TRAK:0000215 An incomplete dislocation of a joint. MedicalDictionary:subluxation A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament. A strain is a stretched or torn muscle or tendon. UMLS_CUI:C0038048 trak TRAK:0000216 sprains or strain TRAK:0000216 A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament. A strain is a stretched or torn muscle or tendon. UMLS:C0038048 A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament. UMLS_CUI:C0038045 trak TRAK:0000217 sprain TRAK:0000217 A sprain is a stretched or torn ligament. UMLS:C0038045 A strain is a stretched or torn muscle or tendon. UMLS_CUI:C0080194 trak TRAK:0000218 strain TRAK:0000218 A strain is a stretched or torn muscle or tendon. UMLS:C0080194 An inflammatory process affecting a joint. Causes include infection, autoimmune processes, degenerative processes, and trauma. Signs and symptoms may include swelling around the affected joint and pain. RADLEX:RID3553 UMLS_CUI:C0003864 trak TRAK:0000219 arthritis TRAK:0000219 An inflammatory process affecting a joint. Causes include infection, autoimmune processes, degenerative processes, and trauma. Signs and symptoms may include swelling around the affected joint and pain. UMLS:C0003864 A noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterised by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity. RADLEX:RID3555 UMLS_CUI:C0029408 OA trak TRAK:0000220 osteoarthritis TRAK:0000220 A noninflammatory degenerative joint disease occurring chiefly in older persons, characterised by degeneration of the articular cartilage, hypertrophy of bone at the margins and changes in the synovial membrane. It is accompanied by pain and stiffness, particularly after prolonged activity. UMLS:C0029408 Chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures; etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. RADLEX:RID3561 UMLS_CUI:C0003873 trak TRAK:0000221 rheumatoid arthritis TRAK:0000221 Chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures; etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. UMLS:C0003873 A benign swelling found behind the knee joint. UMLS_CUI:C0032650 Baker cyst Baker's cyst Bakers cyst trak TRAK:0000222 popliteal cyst TRAK:0000222 A benign swelling found behind the knee joint. UMLS:C0032650 A degeneration of the ARTICULAR CARTILAGE of the PATELLA, caused by a decrease in sulfated MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the ground substance. When accompanied by pain, it is sometimes considered part of or confused with PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME. chondromalacia UMLS_CUI:C0008475 trak TRAK:0000223 chondromalacia patellae TRAK:0000223 A degeneration of the ARTICULAR CARTILAGE of the PATELLA, caused by a decrease in sulfated MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the ground substance. When accompanied by pain, it is sometimes considered part of or confused with PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME. UMLS:C0008475 A discoid meniscus is an abnormally shaped meniscus in the knee.It is shaped like a half moon or complete circle, rather than a crescent moon. UMLS_CUI:C0409304 trak TRAK:0000224 discoid meniscus TRAK:0000224 Inflammation or irritation of a bursa, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin. RADLEX:RID3632 UMLS_CUI:C0006444 trak TRAK:0000225 bursitis TRAK:0000225 Inflammation or irritation of a bursa, the fibrous sac that acts as a cushion between moving structures of bones, muscles, tendons or skin. UMLS:C0006444 A type of osteochondritis in which articular cartilage and associated bone becomes partially or totally detached to form joint loose bodies. Affects mainly the knee, ankle, and elbow joints. RADLEX:RID5369 UMLS_CUI:C0029421 trak TRAK:0000226 osteochondritis dissecans TRAK:0000226 A type of osteochondritis in which articular cartilage and associated bone becomes partially or totally detached to form joint loose bodies. Affects mainly the knee, ankle, and elbow joints. UMLS:C0029421 Death of bone tissue due to traumatic or nontraumatic causes. UMLS_CUI:C0029445 bone necrosis trak TRAK:0000227 osteonecrosis TRAK:0000227 Death of bone tissue due to traumatic or nontraumatic causes. UMLS:C0029445 Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance. Distinguishing tendinosis from tendinitis is clinically difficult and can be made only after histopathological examination. UMLS_CUI:C1568272 jumper's knee trak TRAK:0000228 tendinopathy TRAK:0000228 Clinical syndrome describing overuse tendon injuries characterized by a combination of PAIN, diffuse or localized swelling, and impaired performance. Distinguishing tendinosis from tendinitis is clinically difficult and can be made only after histopathological examination. UMLS:C1568272 Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings. RADLEX:RID3649 UMLS_CUI:C0039503 tendonitis trak TRAK:0000229 tendinitis TRAK:0000229 Inflammation of TENDONS. It is characterized by the degeneration of tendons accompanied by an inflammatory repair response, fibroblastic proliferation, and formation of granulation tissue. Tendinitis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings. UMLS:C0039503 A disorder of TENDONS characterized by COLLAGEN degeneration, other changes to tenocytes and the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a lack of inflammatory cells. It is caused by aging, microtrauma, or vascular compromise. Tendinosis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings. RADLEX:RID5123 UMLS_CUI:C1568363 trak TRAK:0000230 tendinosis TRAK:0000230 A disorder of TENDONS characterized by COLLAGEN degeneration, other changes to tenocytes and the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a lack of inflammatory cells. It is caused by aging, microtrauma, or vascular compromise. Tendinosis is not a clinical diagnosis and can be confirmed only by histopathological findings. UMLS:C1568363 A syndrome characterized by retropatellar or peripatellar PAIN resulting from physical and biochemical changes in the patellofemoral joint. The pain is most prominent when ascending or descending stairs, squatting, or sitting with flexed knees. UMLS_CUI:C0877149 PFPS runner knee runner's knee trak TRAK:0000231 patellofemoral pain syndrome TRAK:0000231 A syndrome characterized by retropatellar or peripatellar PAIN resulting from physical and biochemical changes in the patellofemoral joint. The pain is most prominent when ascending or descending stairs, squatting, or sitting with flexed knees. UMLS:C0877149 Joint impingement is a painful syndrome caused by the friction of joint tissues, which is both the cause and the effect of altered joint biomechanics. From the anatomical and clinical viewpoints, these syndromes are classified as bone impingement, soft tissue impingement and entrapment neuropathy, depending on what joint portion impinges on the others. trak TRAK:0000232 impingement TRAK:0000232 Joint impingement is a painful syndrome caused by the friction of joint tissues, which is both the cause and the effect of altered joint biomechanics. From the anatomical and clinical viewpoints, these syndromes are classified as bone impingement, soft tissue impingement and entrapment neuropathy, depending on what joint portion impinges on the others. PMID:9652500 A non specific term used to cover a group of disorders involving disruption of the normal functioning of the knee joint. internal derangement UMLS_CUI:C0158053 IDK derangement of knee trak TRAK:0000233 internal derangement of knee TRAK:0000233 Giving way is where the knee suddenly 'gives out', causing one to stumble or fall. UMLS_CUI:C0427262 knee buckling unstable knee trak TRAK:0000234 knee giving way TRAK:0000234 A test for patella ligament or quadriceps tendon rupture. Patient supine on the examination table. Examiner asks the patient to actively lift a straight leg upwards off the couch, against gravity. An observed lag in the leg lift indicates a positive test. trak TRAK:0000235 straight leg raise test TRAK:0000235 A diagnostic or treatment procedure performed by manual and/or instrumental means, often involving an incision and the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue; of or relating to or involving or used in surgery or requiring or amenable to treatment by surgery. UMLS_CUI:C0543467 operation trak TRAK:0000236 surgery TRAK:0000236 A diagnostic or treatment procedure performed by manual and/or instrumental means, often involving an incision and the removal or replacement of a diseased organ or tissue; of or relating to or involving or used in surgery or requiring or amenable to treatment by surgery. UMLS:C0543467 Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures. reconstruction repair UMLS_CUI:C0524865 trak TRAK:0000237 reconstructive surgery TRAK:0000237 Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures. UMLS:C0524865 Endoscopic examination, therapy and surgery of the joint. UMLS_CUI:C0003904 trak TRAK:0000238 arthroscopy TRAK:0000238 Endoscopic examination, therapy and surgery of the joint. UMLS:C0003904 Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure. UMLS_CUI:C0374711 trak TRAK:0000239 surgical repair TRAK:0000239 Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure. UMLS:C0374711 Surgical cutting or removal of bone. UMLS_CUI:C0029468 trak TRAK:0000240 osteotomy TRAK:0000240 Surgical cutting or removal of bone. UMLS:C0029468 A biomedical treatment that repairs damages in articular cartilage. UMLS_CUI:C1446230 ACI trak TRAK:0000241 autologous chondrocyte implantation TRAK:0000241 A biomedical treatment that repairs damages in articular cartilage. Wikipedia:Autologous_chondrocyte_implantation Surgical reconstruction or replacement of all or part of a malformed, diseased, degenerated, or otherwise damaged joint. UMLS_CUI:C0003893 trak TRAK:0000242 arthroplasty TRAK:0000242 Surgical reconstruction or replacement of all or part of a malformed, diseased, degenerated, or otherwise damaged joint. UMLS:C0003893 Partial or total replacement of a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0185317 trak TRAK:0000243 joint replacement TRAK:0000243 Partial or total replacement of a joint. UMLS:C0185317 The use of metallic devices inserted into or through bone to hold a fracture in a set position and alignment while it heals. UMLS_CUI:C0016641 trak TRAK:0000244 fracture fixation TRAK:0000244 The use of metallic devices inserted into or through bone to hold a fracture in a set position and alignment while it heals. UMLS:C0016641 A wooden or metal staff that fits under the armpit and reaches to the ground, used as an aid while walking. UMLS_CUI:C0010397 trak TRAK:0000245 crutches TRAK:0000245 A wooden or metal staff that fits under the armpit and reaches to the ground, used as an aid while walking. UMLS:C0010397 A cane is a device intended for medical purposes that is used to provide minimal weight support while walking. Examples of canes include the following: A standard cane, a forearm cane, and a cane with a tripod, quad, or retractable stud on the ground end. UMLS_CUI:C0006856 trak TRAK:0000246 cane TRAK:0000246 A cane is a device intended for medical purposes that is used to provide minimal weight support while walking. Examples of canes include the following: A standard cane, a forearm cane, and a cane with a tripod, quad, or retractable stud on the ground end. UMLS:C0006856 A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. PATO:0001995 UMLS_TN:A2.3 UMLS_TUI:T032 organism attribute trak TRAK:0000247 organismal quality TRAK:0000247 A quality that inheres in an entire organism or part of an organism. PATO:0001995 The distance and direction to which a bone joint can be extended. Range of motion is a function of the condition of the joints, muscles, and connective tissues involved. Joint flexibility can be improved through appropriate MUSCLE STRETCHING EXERCISES. UMLS_CUI:C0080078 trak TRAK:0000248 range of motion TRAK:0000248 The distance and direction to which a bone joint can be extended. Range of motion is a function of the condition of the joints, muscles, and connective tissues involved. Joint flexibility can be improved through appropriate MUSCLE STRETCHING EXERCISES. UMLS:C0080078 The maintenance of a stable, upright body position. UMLS_CUI:C0560184 trak TRAK:0000249 ability to balance TRAK:0000249 The maintenance of a stable, upright body position. UMLS:C0560184 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. PATO:0001543 UMLS_CUI:C0242808 trak TRAK:0000250 flexibility TRAK:0000250 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. PATO:0001543 Condition of moderate contraction produced by stretching a muscle. UMLS_CUI:C0026841 trak TRAK:0000251 muscle tone TRAK:0000251 Condition of moderate contraction produced by stretching a muscle. UMLS:C0026841 Force exerted by a muscle, as a response parameter (e.g. bioassay) or as an indicator of health, endurance, fitness, etc. UMLS_CUI:C0517349 trak TRAK:0000252 muscle strength TRAK:0000252 Force exerted by a muscle, as a response parameter (e.g. bioassay) or as an indicator of health, endurance, fitness, etc. UMLS:C0517349 The ability of a muscle to sustain repeated contractions against a resistance for an extended period of time. UMLS_CUI:C0517355 muscular endurance trak TRAK:0000253 muscle endurance TRAK:0000253 The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion. UMLS_CUI:C0031808 trak TRAK:0000254 physical endurance TRAK:0000254 The time span between the beginning of physical activity by an individual and the termination because of exhaustion. UMLS:C0031808 UMLS_CUI:C0560427 trak TRAK:0000255 ability to hop TRAK:0000255 The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning. UMLS_CUI:C0031812 trak TRAK:0000256 physical fitness TRAK:0000256 The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning. UMLS:C0031812 Degree of intensity or force in regard to a physical activity. UMLS_CUI:C0237897 trak TRAK:0000257 physical strength TRAK:0000257 Degree of intensity or force in regard to a physical activity. UMLS:C0237897 The ability to change the body's position efficiently. UMLS_CUI:C0237464 trak TRAK:0000258 physical agility TRAK:0000258 trak TRAK:0000259 rotary instability of knee TRAK:0000259 The resistance offered by various musculoskeletal tissues that surround a skeletal joint. UMLS_CUI:C0427257 trak TRAK:0000260 joint stability TRAK:0000260 The resistance offered by various musculoskeletal tissues that surround a skeletal joint. PMID:1490035 A phenotypic abnormality. HP:0000118 trak TRAK:0000261 phenotypic abnormality TRAK:0000261 A phenotypic abnormality. HP:0000118 Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of all muscles and muscle groups of the body. UMLS_CUI:C2371223 trak TRAK:0000262 body power TRAK:0000262 Functions related to the force generated by the contraction of all muscles and muscle groups of the body. UMLS:C2371223 The ability of a msucle to generate as much force as fast as possible. UMLS_CUI:C0427052 trak TRAK:0000263 muscle power TRAK:0000263 Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. UMLS_CUI:C0032787 trak TRAK:0000264 postoperative complication TRAK:0000264 Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. UMLS:C0032787 A localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel. UMLS_CUI:C0018944 trak TRAK:0000265 hematoma TRAK:0000265 A localized collection of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel. UMLS:C0018944 Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. UMLS_CUI:C0031542 trak TRAK:0000266 phlebitis TRAK:0000266 Inflammation of a vein, often a vein in the leg. UMLS:C0031542 A rare neurologic syndrome characterized by burning pain, tenderness, swelling, and changes in the skin color and temperature of a body part or extremity. It is usually caused by injury or surgery. UMLS_CUI:C0034931 trak TRAK:0000267 reflex sympathetic dystrophy TRAK:0000267 A rare neurologic syndrome characterized by burning pain, tenderness, swelling, and changes in the skin color and temperature of a body part or extremity. It is usually caused by injury or surgery. UMLS:C0034931 Invasion and growth of microorganisms in body tissues. UMLS_CUI:C0021311 trak TRAK:0000268 infection TRAK:0000268 Invasion and growth of microorganisms in body tissues. UMLS:C0021311 A blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein in the thigh or leg. UMLS_CUI:C0149871 trak TRAK:0000269 deep vein thrombosis TRAK:0000269 A blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein in the thigh or leg. UMLS:C0149871 Health care services provided to patients on an ambulatory basis, rather than by admission to a hospital or other health care facility. The services may be a part of a hospital, augmenting its inpatient services, or may be provided at a free-standing facility. UMLS_CUI:C0002423 outpatient care trak TRAK:0000270 outpatient care TRAK:0000270 Health care services provided to patients on an ambulatory basis, rather than by admission to a hospital or other health care facility. The services may be a part of a hospital, augmenting its inpatient services, or may be provided at a free-standing facility. UMLS:C0002423 Improvements in patient motivation could be brought about by the therapist adopting specific qualities and modes of behaviour towards patients. These are: a constantly positive and encouraging attitude towards the patient; a willingness to empower patients to become actively involved in the management of their rehabilitation programmes; and the ability to instil instrumental rationality (the ability to select appropriate means to achieve a given end) in the patient. UMLS_CUI:C0557964 trak TRAK:0000271 motivating patient TRAK:0000271 Improvements in patient motivation could be brought about by the therapist adopting specific qualities and modes of behaviour towards patients. These are: a constantly positive and encouraging attitude towards the patient; a willingness to empower patients to become actively involved in the management of their rehabilitation programmes; and the ability to instil instrumental rationality (the ability to select appropriate means to achieve a given end) in the patient. PMID:10641802 Collaborating with patient to identify and prioritize care goals, then developing a plan for achieving those goals. UMLS_CUI:C0150279 trak TRAK:0000272 goal setting TRAK:0000272 Collaborating with patient to identify and prioritize care goals, then developing a plan for achieving those goals. UMLS:C0150279 Systematic progression of patient's activity level starting at a baseline level based on the proportion of tolerance followed by incremental increase. activity pacing trak TRAK:0000273 pacing TRAK:0000273 A pharmaceutical preparation for topical application. UMLS_CUI:C1644713 trak TRAK:0000274 topical agent TRAK:0000274 A pharmaceutical preparation for topical application. MedicalDictionary:topical+agent Provide patient with clear explanation of the findings. UMLS_CUI:C0588446 trak TRAK:0000275 informing patient TRAK:0000275 A professional opinion about what could or should be done about a medical problem. UMLS_CUI:C0150600 guidance recommendation trak TRAK:0000276 advice TRAK:0000276 Providing feedback to patient on the outcome of the assessment and treatment progress. trak TRAK:0000277 giving feedback to patient TRAK:0000277 Informing or instructing patients on the specifics of their disorder and/or its treatment. UMLS_CUI:C0030688 trak TRAK:0000278 patient education TRAK:0000278 Informing or instructing patients on the specifics of their disorder and/or its treatment. UMLS:C0030688 Sending a patient from one practitioner to another for health care services. UMLS_CUI:C0034927 trak TRAK:0000279 patient referral TRAK:0000279 Sending a patient from one practitioner to another for health care services. UMLS:C0034927 A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound. UMLS_CUI:C1096106 trak TRAK:0000280 wound complication TRAK:0000280 A finding of development of a new problem at the site of an existing wound. UMLS:C1096106 Performance of complex motor acts. UMLS_CUI:C0026612 trak TRAK:0000281 motor skills TRAK:0000281 Performance of complex motor acts. UMLS:C0026612 An exercise performed on an elliptical motion exercise. trak TRAK:0000282 elliptical motion exercise TRAK:0000282 A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue; occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. UMLS_CUI:C0026820 musclular contraction trak TRAK:0000283 muscle contraction TRAK:0000283 A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue; occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. UMLS:C0026820 A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having two sides; two-sided. PATO:0000618 RADLEX:RID5771 UMLS_CUI:C0238767 bilaterally both sides on either side trak TRAK:0000284 bilateral TRAK:0000284 A positional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having two sides; two-sided. PATO:0000618 A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's involvement of only one part or side. PATO:0000634 RADLEX:RID38593 UMLS_CUI:C0205092 unilaterally trak TRAK:0000285 unilateral TRAK:0000285 A spatial pattern inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's involvement of only one part or side. PATO:0000634 A vocation, academic discipline, or field of study related to biomedicine. UMLS_TN:A2.6.1 UMLS_TUI:T091 biomedical occupation or discipline trak TRAK:0000286 biomedical discipline TRAK:0000286 A vocation, academic discipline, or field of study related to biomedicine. UMLS:T091 Conceptually broad array term referring both to the science of anatomy and the actual structure or morphology of an organism. UMLS_CUI:C0002808 trak TRAK:0000287 anatomy TRAK:0000287 Conceptually broad array term referring both to the science of anatomy and the actual structure or morphology of an organism. UMLS:C0002808 The study of the mechanics of a living body, especially of the forces exerted by muscles and gravity on the skeletal structure. UMLS_CUI:C0005537 trak TRAK:0000288 biomechanics TRAK:0000288 The study of the mechanics of a living body, especially of the forces exerted by muscles and gravity on the skeletal structure. UMLS:C0005537 The cause or origin of disease. UMLS_CUI:C1524003 trak TRAK:0000289 etiology TRAK:0000289 The cause or origin of disease. UMLS:C1524003 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's orientation in space. PATO:0000039 UMLS_CUI:C0449738 trak TRAK:0000290 direction TRAK:0000290 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's orientation in space. PATO:0000039 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. PATO:0000140 location placement relational spatial quality trak TRAK:0000291 position TRAK:0000291 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial location relative to other objects in the vicinity. PATO:0000140 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces east. PATO:0000366 trak TRAK:0000292 left TRAK:0000292 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces east. PATO:0000366 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces west. PATO:0000367 trak TRAK:0000293 right TRAK:0000293 A directional quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's direction that is similar to the direction of an object to the north when it faces west. PATO:0000367 Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0225317 trak TRAK:0000294 soft tissue TRAK:0000294 Refers to muscle, fat, fibrous tissue, blood vessels, or other supporting tissue of the body. UMLS:C0225317 A passive oscillatory movement applied to a joint within the control of the patient. These are movements that can be performed actively by the patient. physiological movement trak TRAK:0000295 physiological mobilization TRAK:0000295 A movement that cannot perform actively by a person, but can be carried out on them by an external force. accessory movement trak TRAK:0000296 accessory mobilization TRAK:0000296 Self stretching techniques that specifically use joint traction or glides that direct the stretch force to the joint capsule. UMLS_CUI:C2080795 automobilization trak TRAK:0000297 self mobilization TRAK:0000297 Therapeutic practices which are not currently considered an integral part of conventional allopathic medical practice. UMLS_CUI:C0936077 trak TRAK:0000298 complementary therapy TRAK:0000298 Therapeutic practices which are not currently considered an integral part of conventional allopathic medical practice. UMLS:C0936077 The practice of piercing specific points on the body with very thin sterile needles in order to relieve pain or induce regional anesthesia. UMLS_CUI:C0394664 trak TRAK:0000299 acupuncture TRAK:0000299 The practice of piercing specific points on the body with very thin sterile needles in order to relieve pain or induce regional anesthesia. UMLS:C0394664 The application of non-invasive finger pressure along energy points throughout the body in order to relieve pain and induce a feeling of well-being. UMLS_CUI:C0282614 trak TRAK:0000300 acupressure TRAK:0000300 The application of non-invasive finger pressure along energy points throughout the body in order to relieve pain and induce a feeling of well-being. UMLS:C0282614 Systematic activities that promote walking with or without assistive devices. UMLS_CUI:C0085673 trak TRAK:0000301 gait training TRAK:0000301 Systematic activities that promote walking with or without assistive devices. UMLS:C0085673 Start position: Stand with equal body weight on both legs. Action: Shift the body weight onto the affected leg, hold and then return to the start position. Shift the body weight onto the unaffected leg, hold and then return to the start position. UMLS_CUI:C2147945 trak TRAK:0000302 weight shifting exercise TRAK:0000302 An exercise designed to improve physical agility. trak TRAK:0000303 agility exercise TRAK:0000303 Start jogging forward, plant the foot of the injured leg and push off at a 45 or 90 degree angle. Repeat the sequence in the other direction. UMLS_CUI:C0454380 trak TRAK:0000304 direction changing exercise TRAK:0000304 Start position: Space two floor markers on the ground. Action: Run in figure of 8 patterns around the floor markers. Variations: changing speed, changing marker distance. trak TRAK:0000305 figure eight running TRAK:0000305 Start position: Space floor markers on the ground and stand at one end. Action: jog forwards weaving in and out of the floor markers. Variations: changing speed; changing marker distance; dribbling or bouncing a ball. trak TRAK:0000306 slalom jogging TRAK:0000306 Start position: Space floor markers on the ground and stand at one end. Action: run forwards weaving in and out of the floor markers. Variations: changing speed; changing marker distance; dribbling or bouncing a ball. trak TRAK:0000307 slalom running TRAK:0000307 Start jogging and then alternate between accelerating and decelerating whilst jogging. UMLS_CUI:C0454382 trak TRAK:0000308 speed changing training TRAK:0000308 Start jogging and then accelerate to a running pace then slow down to jog again. Repeat. trak TRAK:0000309 acceleration exercises TRAK:0000309 Start jogging and then decelerate to a slow jog. Repeat. trak TRAK:0000310 deceleration exercises TRAK:0000310 Run forward and then stop keeping balance on the injured leg. Repeat. trak TRAK:0000311 start and stop exercise TRAK:0000311 An exercise where a person performs a desired movement to the best of their ability with external assistance to complete a full range of motion and reduce resistance to the limb. UMLS_CUI:C2065118 trak TRAK:0000312 assisted exercise for range of motion TRAK:0000312 Movement of a body part as a result of an externally applied force or a voluntary effort to move another part of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0514226 trak TRAK:0000313 passive exercise for range of motion TRAK:0000313 Movement of a body part as a result of an externally applied force or a voluntary effort to move another part of the body. MedicalDictionary:passive+exercise Therapeutic physical activities such as active/passive range of motion, isometrics, stretching, and weight lifting. UMLS_CUI:C0452240 trak TRAK:0000314 exercise therapy TRAK:0000314 Therapeutic physical activities such as active/passive range of motion, isometrics, stretching, and weight lifting. UMLS:C0452240 An exaggerated alteration of lateral trunk movements, with an exaggerated elevation of the hip, suggesting the gait of a duck. HP:0002515 UMLS_CUI:C0231712 trak TRAK:0000315 waddling gait TRAK:0000315 An exaggerated alteration of lateral trunk movements, with an exaggerated elevation of the hip, suggesting the gait of a duck. MedicalDictionary:gait Nordic walking is a physical activity and a sport. The activity is performed with specially designed walking poles similar to ski poles. trak TRAK:0000316 Nordic walking TRAK:0000316 Nordic walking is a physical activity and a sport. The activity is performed with specially designed walking poles similar to ski poles. Wikipedia:Nordic_walking Hiking is an outdoor activity which consists of walking in natural environments, often in mountainous or other scenic terrain. UMLS_CUI:C2712388 trak TRAK:0000317 hiking TRAK:0000317 Hiking is an outdoor activity which consists of walking in natural environments, often in mountainous or other scenic terrain. Wikipedia:Hiking Power walking or speed walking is the act of walking with a speed at the upper end of the natural range for walking gait, typically 7 to 9 km/h (4.5 to 5.5 mph). To qualify as power walking as opposed to jogging or running, at least one foot must be in contact with the ground at all times. speed walking trak TRAK:0000318 power walking TRAK:0000318 Power walking or speed walking is the act of walking with a speed at the upper end of the natural range for walking gait, typically 7 to 9 km/h (4.5 to 5.5 mph). To qualify as power walking as opposed to jogging or running, at least one foot must be in contact with the ground at all times. Wikipedia:Power_walking Cycling is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. bicycling biking trak TRAK:0000319 cycling TRAK:0000319 Cycling is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. Wikipedia:Cycling An exercise performed on a rowing machine. trak TRAK:0000320 rowing TRAK:0000320 An exercise performed on a stepper. trak TRAK:0000321 stepper machine exercise TRAK:0000321 An abnormality of movement. trak TRAK:0000322 biomechanical abnormality TRAK:0000322 Engaging in competitive and informal or formally organized games or athletic events, performed alone or in a group, such as bowling, gymnastics or soccer. UMLS_CUI:C0038039 trak TRAK:0000323 sport TRAK:0000323 Engaging in competitive and informal or formally organized games or athletic events, performed alone or in a group, such as bowling, gymnastics or soccer. UMLS:C0038039 The term air sports covers a range of aerial activities such as: gliding, parachuting, paragliding, etc. UMLS_CUI:C0681657 trak TRAK:0000324 air sport TRAK:0000324 The term air sports covers a range of aerial activities such as: gliding, parachuting, paragliding, etc. Wikipedia:Air_sports A competitive team sport played on a rectangular court having a raised basket at each end. UMLS_CUI:C0004818 trak TRAK:0000325 basketball TRAK:0000325 A competitive team sport played on a rectangular court having a raised basket at each end. UMLS:C0004818 A team sport played with a bat and ball by 2 teams of 9 players. UMLS_CUI:C0004795 trak TRAK:0000326 baseball TRAK:0000326 A team sport played with a bat and ball by 2 teams of 9 players. UMLS:C0004795 Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. UMLS_CUI:C0851172 trak TRAK:0000327 cricket TRAK:0000327 Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. Wikipedia:Cricket Bowling refers to a series of sports or leisure activities in which a player rolls or throws a bowling ball. UMLS_CUI:C0336949 trak TRAK:0000328 bowling TRAK:0000328 Bowling refers to a series of sports or leisure activities in which a player rolls or throws a bowling ball. Wikipedia:Bowling Moving the whole body upwards or downwards, over surfaces or objects, such as climbing steps, rocks, ladders or stairs, curbs or other objects. UMLS_CUI:C2584300 trak TRAK:0000329 climbing TRAK:0000329 Moving the whole body upwards or downwards, over surfaces or objects, such as climbing steps, rocks, ladders or stairs, curbs or other objects. UMLS:C2584300 Activities in which participants learn self-defense mainly through the use of hand-to-hand combat. UMLS_CUI:C0079801 trak TRAK:0000330 martial arts TRAK:0000330 Activities in which participants learn self-defense mainly through the use of hand-to-hand combat. UMLS:C0079801 Rhythmic and patterned body movements which are usually performed to music. UMLS_CUI:C0010963 trak TRAK:0000331 dancing TRAK:0000331 Rhythmic and patterned body movements which are usually performed to music. UMLS:C0010963 A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals. UMLS_CUI:C0037393 trak TRAK:0000332 football TRAK:0000332 A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals. UMLS:C0037393 Rugby football is a style of football seen most prominently in two current sports, rugby league and rugby union. It is a full contact sport. UMLS_CUI:C0035945 rugby football trak TRAK:0000333 rugby TRAK:0000333 Rugby football is a style of football seen most prominently in two current sports, rugby league and rugby union. It is a full contact sport. Wikipedia:Rugby_football A game whose object is to sink a ball into each of 9 or 18 successive holes on a golf course using as few strokes as possible. UMLS_CUI:C0018041 trak TRAK:0000334 golf TRAK:0000334 A game whose object is to sink a ball into each of 9 or 18 successive holes on a golf course using as few strokes as possible. UMLS:C0018041 Systematic physical exercise. This includes calisthenics, a system of light gymnastics for promoting strength and grace of carriage. UMLS_CUI:C0018409 trak TRAK:0000335 gymnastics TRAK:0000335 Systematic physical exercise. This includes calisthenics, a system of light gymnastics for promoting strength and grace of carriage. UMLS:C0018409 Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper on each team) pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team. UMLS_CUI:C0336936 trak TRAK:0000336 handball TRAK:0000336 Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper on each team) pass a ball to throw it into the goal of the other team. Wikipedia:Team_handball A team sport in which two teams hit an inflated ball back and forth over a high net using their hands. UMLS_CUI:C1956059 trak TRAK:0000337 volleyball TRAK:0000337 A team sport in which two teams hit an inflated ball back and forth over a high net using their hands. UMLS:C1956059 Any sport where players use racquets to hit a ball or other object. UMLS_CUI:C0034512 racket sport trak TRAK:0000338 racquet sport TRAK:0000338 Any sport where players use racquets to hit a ball or other object. UMLS:C0034512 The javelin throw is a track and field event involving throwing a spear approximately 2.5m in length. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running within a predetermined area. trak TRAK:0000339 javelin throw TRAK:0000339 The javelin throw is a track and field event involving throwing a spear approximately 2.5m in length. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running within a predetermined area. Wikipedia:Javelin_Throw Olympic weightlifting, also called weightlifting, is an athletic discipline in the modern Olympic programme in which participants attempt a maximum-weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates. UMLS_CUI:C0871604 olympic weightlifting trak TRAK:0000340 weightlifting TRAK:0000340 Olympic weightlifting, also called weightlifting, is an athletic discipline in the modern Olympic programme in which participants attempt a maximum-weight single lift of a barbell loaded with weight plates. Wikipedia:Olympic_weightlifting Sports performed on a track, field, or arena and including running events and other competitions, such as the pole vault, shot put, etc. UMLS_CUI:C0040595 track and field trak TRAK:0000341 track and field athletics TRAK:0000341 Sports performed on a track, field, or arena and including running events and other competitions, such as the pole vault, shot put, etc. UMLS:C0040595 Using ice skates, roller skates, or skateboards in racing or other competition or for recreation. UMLS_CUI:C0037247 trak TRAK:0000342 skating TRAK:0000342 Using ice skates, roller skates, or skateboards in racing or other competition or for recreation. UMLS:C0037247 A snow sport which uses skis to glide over the snow. It does not include water-skiing. UMLS_CUI:C0037264 trak TRAK:0000343 skiing TRAK:0000343 A snow sport which uses skis to glide over the snow. It does not include water-skiing. UMLS:C0037264 The hammer throw is an athletic throwing event where the goal is to throw a heavy metal spherical object attached to a wire and handle. trak TRAK:0000344 hammer throw TRAK:0000344 The hammer throw is an athletic throwing event where the goal is to throw a heavy metal spherical object attached to a wire and handle. Wikipedia:Hammer_Throw Fraction of forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds. CMO:0000254 UMLS_CUI:C0016529 FEV trak TRAK:0000345 forced expiratory volume TRAK:0000345 Fraction of forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds. CMO:0000254 straight instability of knee trak TRAK:0000346 one plane instability of knee TRAK:0000346 A movement in which a player with the ball steps once or more in any direction with the same foot while the other foot (pivot foot) is kept at its point of contact with the floor. trak TRAK:0000347 pivot TRAK:0000347 Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin. UMLS_CUI:C0043253 direct blow direct trauma trak TRAK:0000348 blunt trauma TRAK:0000348 Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin. UMLS:C0043253 The state of being twisted into a spiral; torsional stress or strain. UMLS_CUI:C0231467 turn trak TRAK:0000349 twist TRAK:0000349 The state of being twisted into a spiral; torsional stress or strain. FreeDictionary:twist To stretch one's body or muscles to the point of strain or injury. trak TRAK:0000350 overstretch TRAK:0000350 To stretch one's body or muscles to the point of strain or injury. FreeDictionary:overstretch Extension of a bodily joint beyond its normal range of motion. UMLS_CUI:C0231451 trak TRAK:0000351 hyperextension TRAK:0000351 Extension of a bodily joint beyond its normal range of motion. FreeDictionary:hyperextension To bend to excess. trak TRAK:0000352 overbend TRAK:0000352 To bend to excess. FreeDictionary:overbend Flexion of a limb or part beyond its normal range. UMLS_CUI:C0231454 trak TRAK:0000353 hyperflexion TRAK:0000353 Flexion of a limb or part beyond its normal range. MedicalDictionary:hyperflexion The sidestep cut is a maneuver in which the swing limb is placed laterally, away from the stance limb, toward the new plane of progression. trak TRAK:0000354 sidestep cut TRAK:0000354 The sidestep cut is a maneuver in which the swing limb is placed laterally, away from the stance limb, toward the new plane of progression. PMID:14573369 Damage inflicted on any part of the body due to overexertion of some part of the musculoskeletal system, often resulting from work-related physical activities. UMLS_CUI:C0035127 cumulative trauma injury repetitive motion injury repetitive strain injury trak TRAK:0000355 overuse injury TRAK:0000355 Damage inflicted on any part of the body due to overexertion of some part of the musculoskeletal system, often resulting from work-related physical activities. UMLS:C0035127 The comparison of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity expressed as ratio or percentage. CMO:0000241 trak TRAK:0000356 forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity ratio TRAK:0000356 The comparison of forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity expressed as ratio or percentage. CMO:0000241 A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of how long the bearer has existed. PATO:0000011 UMLS_CUI:C0001783 trak TRAK:0000357 age TRAK:0000357 A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of how long the bearer has existed. PATO:0000011 Loss, damage, or depreciation resulting from ordinary use and exposure. UMLS_CUI:C0443351 trak TRAK:0000358 wear and tear TRAK:0000358 Loss, damage, or depreciation resulting from ordinary use and exposure. FreeDictionary:wear+and+tear The volume of air that can be forcibly expelled from a maximally inflated lung. CMO:0000251 UMLS_CUI:C0016529 FVC trak TRAK:0000359 forced vital capacity TRAK:0000359 The volume of air that can be forcibly expelled from a maximally inflated lung. CMO:0000251 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's prevailing tendency, mood, or inclination. PATO:0001727 UMLS_CUI:C0743223 trak TRAK:0000360 disposition TRAK:0000360 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's prevailing tendency, mood, or inclination. PATO:0001727 The rate of elimination of carbon dioxide from the lungs. CMO:0000134 UMLS_CUI:C0429247 VCO2 volume carbon dioxide per minute trak TRAK:0000361 maximal carbon dioxide production TRAK:0000361 The rate of elimination of carbon dioxide from the lungs. CMO:0000134 An unforeseen and unplanned event or circumstance frequently causing loss or injury. UMLS_CUI:C0000924 trak TRAK:0000362 accident TRAK:0000362 An unforeseen and unplanned event or circumstance frequently causing loss or injury. UMLS:C0000924 Falls due to slipping or tripping which result in injury. UMLS_CUI:C0000921 trak TRAK:0000363 fall TRAK:0000363 Falls due to slipping or tripping which result in injury. UMLS:C0000921 UMLS_CUI:C0231749 trak TRAK:0000364 knee pain TRAK:0000364 The act or an instance of slipping or sliding. UMLS_CUI:C0337209 trak TRAK:0000365 slip TRAK:0000365 The act or an instance of slipping or sliding. FreeDictionary:slip A maneuver causing someone to stumble or fall. UMLS_CUI:C0221188 trak TRAK:0000366 trip TRAK:0000366 A maneuver causing someone to stumble or fall. FreeDictionary:trip Unforeseen occurrences, especially injuries in the course of work-related activities. UMLS_CUI:C0000931 trak TRAK:0000367 occupational accident TRAK:0000367 Unforeseen occurrences, especially injuries in the course of work-related activities. UMLS:C0000931 UMLS_CUI:C2108478 trak TRAK:0000368 physical requirements for job TRAK:0000368 UMLS_CUI:C2108497 trak TRAK:0000369 heavy labor TRAK:0000369 UMLS_CUI:C2108498 trak TRAK:0000370 heavy lifting TRAK:0000370 UMLS_CUI:C2108514 trak TRAK:0000371 prolonged kneeling TRAK:0000371 UMLS_CUI:C2108516 trak TRAK:0000372 prolonged standing TRAK:0000372 UMLS_CUI:C2108542 trak TRAK:0000373 repetitive motion TRAK:0000373 UMLS_CUI:C2108521 trak TRAK:0000374 repetitive lifting TRAK:0000374 UMLS_CUI:C2108522 trak TRAK:0000375 repetitive twisting TRAK:0000375 UMLS_CUI:C2108536 trak TRAK:0000376 repetitive jumping TRAK:0000376 UMLS_CUI:C2108549 trak TRAK:0000377 repetitive running TRAK:0000377 UMLS_CUI:C2108525 trak TRAK:0000378 repetitive climbing ladder TRAK:0000378 UMLS_CUI:C2108527 trak TRAK:0000379 repetitive climbing of stairs TRAK:0000379 trak TRAK:0000380 repetitive walking TRAK:0000380 UMLS_CUI:C2108550 trak TRAK:0000381 repetitive walking on angled surface TRAK:0000381 UMLS_CUI:C2108551 trak TRAK:0000382 repetitive walking on uneven ground TRAK:0000382 UMLS_CUI:C2108552 trak TRAK:0000383 repetitive walking up and down hill TRAK:0000383 Sports activity level specified on the Cincinnati Sports Activity Scale as a standard format for analysis of sports participation and knee function. CSAS trak TRAK:0000384 Cincinnati sports activity scale TRAK:0000384 Sports activity level specified on the Cincinnati Sports Activity Scale as a standard format for analysis of sports participation and knee function. PMID:10461708 participates 4 to 7 days/week trak TRAK:0000385 level I TRAK:0000385 participates 4 to 7 days/week PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 days/week trak TRAK:0000386 level II TRAK:0000386 participates 1 to 3 days/week PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 times/month trak TRAK:0000387 level III TRAK:0000387 participates 1 to 3 times/month PMID:2670388 no sports trak TRAK:0000388 level IV TRAK:0000388 no sports PMID:2670388 participates 4 to 7 days/week: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) trak TRAK:0000389 100 points TRAK:0000389 participates 4 to 7 days/week: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) PMID:2670388 participates 4 to 7 days/week: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) trak TRAK:0000390 95 points TRAK:0000390 participates 4 to 7 days/week: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) PMID:2670388 participates 4 to 7 days/week: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) trak TRAK:0000391 90 points TRAK:0000391 participates 4 to 7 days/week: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 days/week: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) trak TRAK:0000392 85 points TRAK:0000392 participates 1 to 3 days/week: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 days/week: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) trak TRAK:0000393 80 points TRAK:0000393 participates 1 to 3 days/week: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 days/week: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) trak TRAK:0000394 75 points TRAK:0000394 participates 1 to 3 days/week: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 times/month: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) trak TRAK:0000395 65 points TRAK:0000395 participates 1 to 3 times/month: jumping, hard pivoting, cutting (basketball, volleyball, football, soccer, gymnastics) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 times/month: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) trak TRAK:0000396 60 points TRAK:0000396 participates 1 to 3 times/month: running, twisting, turning (racquet sports, baseball, hockey, skiing, wrestling) PMID:2670388 participates 1 to 3 times/month: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) trak TRAK:0000397 55 points TRAK:0000397 participates 1 to 3 times/month: no running, twisting, jumping (cycling, swimming) PMID:2670388 no sports: activities of daily living with no problems trak TRAK:0000398 40 points TRAK:0000398 no sports: activities of daily living with no problems PMID:2670388 no sports: activities of daily living with moderate problems trak TRAK:0000399 20 points TRAK:0000399 no sports: activities of daily living with moderate problems PMID:2670388 no sports: activities of daily living with severe problems trak TRAK:0000400 0 points TRAK:0000400 no sports: activities of daily living with severe problems PMID:2670388 An accident that occured while training or playing sport. UMLS_CUI:C0337205 trak TRAK:0000401 sporting accident TRAK:0000401 Introduction of a substance or device to the surface of the body. UMLS_CUI:C0185125 trak TRAK:0000402 application procedure TRAK:0000402 Introduction of a substance or device to the surface of the body. UMLS:C0185125 Bracing an extremity to control, guide, limit and/or immobilize a joint. UMLS_CUI:C1828220 orthopedic bracing orthotic bracing trak TRAK:0000403 application of brace TRAK:0000403 Taping an extremity to stabilize and/or reduce inflammation and/or support a fracture, injury and/or dislocation. UMLS_CUI:C0343138 strapping taping trak TRAK:0000404 application of strapping TRAK:0000404 Taping an extremity to stabilize and/or reduce inflammation and/or support a fracture, injury and/or dislocation. UMLS:C0188379 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Step backwards with the affected leg and bend the affected knee until it is flexed 90 degrees, then slowly straighten up keeping the body weight on the affected leg and step back with the unaffected leg. UMLS_CUI:C2019591 reverse lunges trak TRAK:0000405 backward lunges TRAK:0000405 Start position: Stand with the affected leg forward. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee and move the body weight forward onto the affected leg until the knee is flexed 90 degrees and directly above the toes, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. Variations: adding hand weights; varying the trunk angle; varying the feet positioning; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements; adding elastic resistance. trak TRAK:0000406 forward lunges TRAK:0000406 Start position: Stand with the affected leg on a step. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee and move the body weight forward onto the affected leg as much as is comfortable, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0000407 lunges on step TRAK:0000407 Start position: Stand upright with feet shoulder width apart. Action: Without using hands bend the knees, hips and trunk to lower down towards the chair. Before sitting down rise back to the start position. Repeat. UMLS_CUI:C2080941 trak TRAK:0000408 training for sit to stand transfer TRAK:0000408 An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO:snap:Continuant endurant trak TRAK:0000409 continuant TRAK:0000409 An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. BFO:snap:Continuant Start position: Stand on uneven or unstable surface (e.g. grass, soft mat, trampoline, balance cushion, wobble board, soft carpet, sand, etc.) and balance on the affected leg. Action: Maintain balance on the affected leg without using your arms or the unaffected leg for support. trak TRAK:0000410 single leg balance on uneven or unstable surface TRAK:0000410 Start position: Balance on the affected leg. Action: Maintain balance on the affected leg without using your arms or the unaffected leg for support and throw and catch a ball. Variations: standing on an uneven or unstable surface. trak TRAK:0000411 single leg balance with ball catching TRAK:0000411 Start position: Balance on the affected leg. Action: Maintain balance on the affected leg, shut eyes and keep balance without using your arms or the unaffected leg for support. Variations: standing on an uneven or unstable surface. trak TRAK:0000412 single leg balance with closed eyes TRAK:0000412 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Bend the affected knee, hop upwards, land and keep your balance on the affected leg. Variations: on an uneven or unstable surface; catching and throwing a ball, increasing hop height; increasing knee bend. trak TRAK:0000413 vertical hopping TRAK:0000413 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Slightly bend the affected knee and hop to the side landing on the same leg allowing the knee to bend. Keep the balance and hop back to the start position. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; Increasing the hopping distance. one legged lateral hopping one legged sideways hopping single leg sideways hopping trak TRAK:0000414 single leg lateral hopping TRAK:0000414 FMA:9865 UMLS_CUI:C0935615 synovial layer of articular capsule of synovial joint synovium of articular capsule of synovial joint trak TRAK:0000415 synovial membrane of articular capsule of synovial joint TRAK:0000415 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Bend the affected knee, hop forwards and land keeping balance on the affected leg. Repeat. Variations: increasing hop distance. forward hopping straight line hopping trak TRAK:0000416 hopping for distance TRAK:0000416 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Bend the affected knee, hop diagonally and land keeping balance on the affected leg. Hop diagonally in the other direction. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; increasing hop distance; performing on an uneven surface; increasing hop speed. trak TRAK:0000417 crossover hopping TRAK:0000417 Start position: Stand on the affected leg in front of the step. Action: Bend the affected knee, hop up onto the step and land keeping balance on the affected leg. Variations: catching and throwing a ball. hopping on trak TRAK:0000418 hopping up steps TRAK:0000418 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Bend the knees, jump upwards and land with equal weight on both legs. Variations: on an uneven or unstable surface; catching and throwing a ball; increasing height; increasing knee bend; altering trunk position. trak TRAK:0000419 vertical jumping TRAK:0000419 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Bend the knees, jump sideways and land with equal weight on both legs. Jump sideways in the other direction. Variations: on an uneven or unstable surface; catching and throwing a ball; increasing height; increasing knee bend; altering trunk position. trak TRAK:0000420 lateral jumping TRAK:0000420 FMA:43612 UMLS_CUI:C0834396 trak TRAK:0000421 synovial membrane of knee joint TRAK:0000421 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Bend the knees, jump forwards and land with equal weight on both legs. Variations: on an uneven or unstable surface; catching and throwing a ball; increasing distance; increasing height; increasing knee bend; altering trunk position. forward jumping straight line jumping trak TRAK:0000422 jumping for distance TRAK:0000422 Start position: Stand upright in front of the step. Action: Bend the knees, jump up onto the step and land with equal weight on both legs. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; altering trunk position. jumping on trak TRAK:0000423 jumping up steps TRAK:0000423 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Squat then jump up as high as possible and land with equal weight on both legs. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; altering trunk position. trak TRAK:0000424 squat jumping TRAK:0000424 Sport-specific exercise is an exercise consisting of movements that are specific to a particular sport. trak TRAK:0000425 sport-specific exercise TRAK:0000425 A processual entity that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities. BFO:span:Process trak TRAK:0000426 process TRAK:0000426 A processual entity that is a maximally connected spatiotemporal whole and has bona fide beginnings and endings corresponding to real discontinuities. BFO:span:Process The count of the rhythmic contractions and expansions of an artery due to the surge of blood from the beat of the heart. CMO:0000294 UMLS_CUI:C0232117 pulse trak TRAK:0000427 pulse rate TRAK:0000427 The count of the rhythmic contractions and expansions of an artery due to the surge of blood from the beat of the heart. CMO:0000294 Start position: Stand upright with feet shoulder width apart. Action: Slowly bend knees until the knees are flexed 45 degrees, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0000428 mini squats TRAK:0000428 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Bend the knee over the foot as low as is comfortable without losing balance, then slowly straighten the affected knee back to the start position. Variations: adding hand weights; adding calf raises when rising from the squat; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements; extending the contralateral leg with or without elastic resistance. one legged squats trak TRAK:0000429 single leg squats TRAK:0000429 Start position: Stand upright with feet shoulder width apart. Action: Slowly bend knees until the thighs are parallel to the floor, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0000430 basic squats TRAK:0000430 Start position: Stand upright with the back supported against a wall and feet shoulder width apart. Action: Slowly bend knees and slide down the wall until the thighs are parallel to the floor, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0000431 wall squats TRAK:0000431 A procedure, method, or technique used to determine the nature or identity of a disease or disorder. This excludes procedures which are primarily carried out on specimens in a laboratory. UMLS_CUI:C0430022 UMLS_TN:B1.3.1.2 UMLS_TUI:T060 trak TRAK:0000432 diagnostic procedure TRAK:0000432 A procedure, method, or technique used to determine the nature or identity of a disease or disorder. This excludes procedures which are primarily carried out on specimens in a laboratory. UMLS:T060 A pad made of unstable material used to create instability while exercising. balance pad trak TRAK:0000433 balance mat TRAK:0000433 Patient supine on the examination table. Flex the knee to 30 degrees over the side of the table, place one hand about the lateral aspect of the knee, and grasp the ankle with the other hand. Apply abduction (valgus) stress to the knee. The test must also be performed in full extension. UMLS_CUI:C0231733 abduction test trak TRAK:0000434 valgus stress test TRAK:0000434 Patient supine on the examination table. Flex the knee to 30 degrees over the side of the table, place one hand about the lateral aspect of the knee, and grasp the ankle with the other hand. Apply abduction (valgus) stress to the knee. The test must also be performed in full extension. PMID:12690600 A test for a meniscal injury. The patient starts in a standing position with the knees fully extended and the feet 30cm apart. If testing the medial meniscus, the feet will be fully externally rotated. If testing the lateral meniscus, the feet will be internally rotated. The patient then squats and then slowly stands up to return to the starting position. The test is positive when pain and/or a click is felt by the patient at the related site of the joint line. trak TRAK:0000435 Ege's test TRAK:0000435 A test for a meniscal injury. The patient starts in a standing position with the knees fully extended and the feet 30cm apart. If testing the medial meniscus, the feet will be fully externally rotated. If testing the lateral meniscus, the feet will be internally rotated. The patient then squats and then slowly stands up to return to the starting position. The test is positive when pain and/or a click is felt by the patient at the related site of the joint line. Physiopedia:Ege's_Test Patient supine with toes pointing upwards. The patient is asked to perform an isometric contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle against the table. The tracking of the patella is graded. The patella should be pulled in a straight superior direction or superior and lateral in equal proportions. If the patella tracks more laterally than superiorly, then the test is positive. UMLS_CUI:C2110568 trak TRAK:0000436 lateral pull test TRAK:0000436 Patient supine with toes pointing upwards. The patient is asked to perform an isometric contraction of quadriceps femoris muscle against the table. The tracking of the patella is graded. The patella should be pulled in a straight superior direction or superior and lateral in equal proportions. If the patella tracks more laterally than superiorly, then the test is positive. PMID:11451307 A test for assessing patellar laxity. The patient lies supine. The examiner lifts the lateral edge of patella from the lateral femoral condyle avoiding lateral subluxation. Normally the patella lies parallel to the horizontal or the outer edge may be slightly tilted up (less than 10 degrees). A neutral or negative angle indicates excessively tight lateral restraint. A high positive angle indicates deficiencies of the lateral constraints. UMLS_CUI:C2110574 trak TRAK:0000437 passive patellar tilt test TRAK:0000437 A test for a meniscal injury. The test is performed with the patient supine and the leg cradled between the examiner's trunk and arm while the index finger and thumb of the opposite hand are placed over the anterior joint line. A valgus stress is applied to the knee as it is passively flexed to 45 degrees; then a varus stress is applied to the knee as it is passively extended, producing a circular motion to the knee. The motion is repeated, increasing the varus and valgus stresses with each rotation of the knee. Positive result is 'grinding' sensation felt with examiner's hand. medial-lateral grind test trak TRAK:0000438 Anderson grind test TRAK:0000438 A test for a meniscal injury. The test is performed with the patient supine and the leg cradled between the examiner's trunk and arm while the index finger and thumb of the opposite hand are placed over the anterior joint line. A valgus stress is applied to the knee as it is passively flexed to 45 degrees; then a varus stress is applied to the knee as it is passively extended, producing a circular motion to the knee. The motion is repeated, increasing the varus and valgus stresses with each rotation of the knee. Positive result is 'grinding' sensation felt with examiner's hand. PMID:3755297 A test for a meniscal injury. The patient is seated. The examiner immobilizes the foot of the affected leg. The examiner palpates the medial joint line and moves the patient's knee in a circle with tibial rotation. At the same time, the examiner applies a varus or valgus stress. Pain increased with the circular motion indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C2110391 trak TRAK:0000439 Passler rotational grind test TRAK:0000439 A test for a meniscal injury. The patient is sitting with legs crossed. The examiner exerts downward pressure along the medial aspect of the affected knee. Medial knee pain indicates a positive test, usually a lesion of the posterior horn. UMLS_CUI:C2110394 trak TRAK:0000440 Payr test TRAK:0000440 The subject is supine, hip flexed to 45 degrees and knee flexed to 90 degrees. Examiner sits on the subject's foot, with hands behind the proximal tibia and thumbs on the tibial plateau. Anterior force applied to the proximal tibia. Hamstring tendons palpated with index fingers to ensure relaxation. Increased tibial displacement compared with the opposite side is indicative of an ACL tear. UMLS_CUI:C0231737 trak TRAK:0000441 anterior drawer test TRAK:0000441 The subject is supine, hip flexed to 45 degrees and knee flexed to 90 degrees. Examiner sits on the subject's foot, with hands behind the proximal tibia and thumbs on the tibial plateau. Anterior force applied to the proximal tibia. Hamstring tendons palpated with index fingers to ensure relaxation. Increased tibial displacement compared with the opposite side is indicative of an ACL tear. PMID:12690600 Subject is supine with the test hip flexed to 45 degrees, knee flexed to 90 degrees, and foot in a neutral position. The examiner is sitting on the subject's foot with both hands behind the subject's proximal tibia and thumbs on the tibial plateau. Apply a posterior force to the proximal tibia. Increased posterior tibial displacement as compared with the uninvolved side is indicative of a partial or complete tear of the PCL. UMLS_CUI:C0231738 trak TRAK:0000442 posterior drawer test TRAK:0000442 Subject is supine with the test hip flexed to 45 degrees, knee flexed to 90 degrees, and foot in a neutral position. The examiner is sitting on the subject's foot with both hands behind the subject's proximal tibia and thumbs on the tibial plateau. Apply a posterior force to the proximal tibia. Increased posterior tibial displacement as compared with the uninvolved side is indicative of a partial or complete tear of the PCL. PMID:12690600 Patient lies supine. Knee held between full extension and 15 degrees of flexion. Femur is stabilized with one hand while firm pressure is applied to the posterior aspect of the proximal tibia in an attempt to translate it anteriorly. Test is positive (indicating ACL rupture) when there is anterior translation of the tibia with 'soft' endpoint. UMLS_CUI:C0231752 trak TRAK:0000443 Lachman test TRAK:0000443 Patient lies supine. Knee held between full extension and 15 degrees of flexion. Femur is stabilized with one hand while firm pressure is applied to the posterior aspect of the proximal tibia in an attempt to translate it anteriorly. Test is positive (indicating ACL rupture) when there is anterior translation of the tibia with 'soft' endpoint. PMID:12690600 A test for posterior instability. The patient lies supine and the knee flexed to 20-30 degrees. The examiner draws the tibia posteriorly relative to the femur. The excessive magnitude of tibial motion compared to the uninjured knee together with a soft end feel indicates a positive test. trak TRAK:0000444 reverse Lachman test TRAK:0000444 An overuse injury causing lateral knee pain that results from repetitive friction of the iliotibial band over the lateral femoral epicondyle. UMLS_CUI:C1262206 ITBFS ITBS iliotibial band friction syndrome trak TRAK:0000445 iliotibial band syndrome TRAK:0000445 An overuse injury causing lateral knee pain that results from repetitive friction of the iliotibial band over the lateral femoral epicondyle. UMLS:C1262206 In Steinmann's second test joint line tenderness migrates posteriorly with knee flexion and anteriorly with knee extension, following the movements of the meniscus. To perform a meniscal stress manoeuvre, the knee is held in Cabot's position and then the knee swings rapidly from a varus to a valgus stress, while a finger is pushed in the joint line. This brings the meniscus toward the periphery of the joint while the finger pushes it toward the centre of the joint: the combination of these two opposite forces stresses the meniscus, raising a sharp pain in case of meniscal tear. Steinmann II sign trak TRAK:0000446 Steinmann second test TRAK:0000446 In Steinmann's second test joint line tenderness migrates posteriorly with knee flexion and anteriorly with knee extension, following the movements of the meniscus. To perform a meniscal stress manoeuvre, the knee is held in Cabot's position and then the knee swings rapidly from a varus to a valgus stress, while a finger is pushed in the joint line. This brings the meniscus toward the periphery of the joint while the finger pushes it toward the centre of the joint: the combination of these two opposite forces stresses the meniscus, raising a sharp pain in case of meniscal tear. PMID:22035381 A test for knee posterolateral instability, which is a modification of the standard posterolateral rotatory instability test, is described. In this test, the patient lies supine on the examination table with hips and knees flexed to 90 degrees. The examiner grasps both feet and attempts to maximally externally rotate them. A positive test is indicated by (1) excessive external rotation of the affected tibia, which is easily recognized since the feet act as pointers and amplify the external rotation, and (2) a slight posterior sag of the affected tibial tubercle, which is more subtle but still a very recognizable sign. trak TRAK:0000447 Loomer test TRAK:0000447 A test for knee posterolateral instability, which is a modification of the standard posterolateral rotatory instability test, is described. In this test, the patient lies supine on the examination table with hips and knees flexed to 90 degrees. The examiner grasps both feet and attempts to maximally externally rotate them. A positive test is indicated by (1) excessive external rotation of the affected tibia, which is easily recognized since the feet act as pointers and amplify the external rotation, and (2) a slight posterior sag of the affected tibial tubercle, which is more subtle but still a very recognizable sign. PMID:1997240 A multifunctional balance and fitness tool. trak TRAK:0000448 pro-fitter physio kit TRAK:0000448 The use of self-assessment questionnaires to examine the social, emotional or physical aspects of a health condition. trak TRAK:0000449 self-assessment TRAK:0000449 A test for a synovial plica syndrome. The patient is supine. The examiner flexes the knee with medial rotation of the tibia and pressing the patella medially while palpating just medial to the patella. A snapping and/or popping felt and/or heard indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C2110592 trak TRAK:0000450 Hughston plica test TRAK:0000450 The patient lies supine on the examination table. The examiner supports the involved side ankle with one hand. The tibia is externally rotated. The patient's knee is then flexed to approximately 45 degrees. The examiner places his other hand on the lateral side of the knee. The thumb is hooked behind the fibular head and the fingers are placed over the patella. This hand then applies a valgus force to the knee while the thumb lifts upward on the fibular head, internally rotating the tibia. The knee is slowly extended while the valgus force is being applied. The leg and foot are allowed to roll into internal rotation. If the test is positive, the lateral tibial plateau will suddenly subluxate anteriorly as the knee reaches approximately 10-20 degrees of flexion. UMLS_CUI:C0231754 trak TRAK:0000451 Losee test TRAK:0000451 The patient lies supine on the examination table. The examiner supports the involved side ankle with one hand. The tibia is externally rotated. The patient's knee is then flexed to approximately 45 degrees. The examiner places his other hand on the lateral side of the knee. The thumb is hooked behind the fibular head and the fingers are placed over the patella. This hand then applies a valgus force to the knee while the thumb lifts upward on the fibular head, internally rotating the tibia. The knee is slowly extended while the valgus force is being applied. The leg and foot are allowed to roll into internal rotation. If the test is positive, the lateral tibial plateau will suddenly subluxate anteriorly as the knee reaches approximately 10-20 degrees of flexion. PMID:18796889 The patient is supine on the table with the knee held at 30 degrees of flexion. The lower limb is braced against the abdomen of the examiner. While giving a lateral thrust on the tibia using the elbow of the examiner at the foot of the patient and a concomitant internal rotation of the tibia by an endotorsion of the hand placed upon the tibia one carries out the same downwards movement on the femur and upwards pushing of the tibia to evaluate anterolateral instability. A sudden snap of varying degree can easily be felt and seen in case of anterior subluxation of the lateral tibial plateau. trak TRAK:0000452 Martens test TRAK:0000452 The patient is supine on the table with the knee held at 30 degrees of flexion. The lower limb is braced against the abdomen of the examiner. While giving a lateral thrust on the tibia using the elbow of the examiner at the foot of the patient and a concomitant internal rotation of the tibia by an endotorsion of the hand placed upon the tibia one carries out the same downwards movement on the femur and upwards pushing of the tibia to evaluate anterolateral instability. A sudden snap of varying degree can easily be felt and seen in case of anterior subluxation of the lateral tibial plateau. PMID:7294985 A test for anteromedial rotary instability and anterolateral rotary instability of the knee. The patient is supine with the knee flexed 90 degrees and the foot fixed to the examining table by the examiner. 30 degrees of internal rotation is applied to the tibia by rotating the foot. The examiner pulls anteriorly on the tibia to assess for anterolateral rotary instability. Results are compared bilaterally. Increased amount of anterior tibial translation with tibial internal rotation or excessive movement on the lateral aspect of the knee indicates anterolateral instability. To examine anteromedial rotary instability the tibia is laterally rotated 15 degrees and the tibia is once again pulled forward. Results are compared bilaterally. When pathologically increased forward and outward displacement of the tibia on the femur is possible, excessive anterior rotation of the medial tibial plateau indicates laxity of the medial structures. UMLS_CUI:C0231763 trak TRAK:0000454 Slocum test TRAK:0000454 A test for anteromedial rotary instability and anterolateral rotary instability of the knee. The patient is supine with the knee flexed 90 degrees and the foot fixed to the examining table by the examiner. 30 degrees of internal rotation is applied to the tibia by rotating the foot. The examiner pulls anteriorly on the tibia to assess for anterolateral rotary instability. Results are compared bilaterally. Increased amount of anterior tibial translation with tibial internal rotation or excessive movement on the lateral aspect of the knee indicates anterolateral instability. To examine anteromedial rotary instability the tibia is laterally rotated 15 degrees and the tibia is once again pulled forward. Results are compared bilaterally. When pathologically increased forward and outward displacement of the tibia on the femur is possible, excessive anterior rotation of the medial tibial plateau indicates laxity of the medial structures. Physiopedia:Slocum's_Test A test for anterolateral rotary instability of knee. The patient lies supine. The examiner immobilises the foot by wedging it between the body and the elbow. The examiner places one hand flat under the patient's tibia, pushing it forwards with the knee in extension. The other hand is placed against the patient's thigh, pushing the other way. The lower limb is taken into slight abduction by the examiner's elbow, with the examiner's body acting as a fulcrum to produce the valgus force. The examiner maintains the anterior tibial translation and the valgus force while flexing the knee. At 20-30 degrees of flexion, a positive test is indicated if pivot shift occurs with a clunk as the lateral tibial plateau suddenly reduces. trak TRAK:0000455 DeJour test TRAK:0000455 Start position: Sit upright in a chair with the foot of the affected leg on the skateboard. Action: Slowly extend the affected knee by sliding the skateboard forward, then slowly flex the knee as much as is comfortable by sliding the skateboard backwards. Repeat. trak TRAK:0000456 skateboard slide TRAK:0000456 FMA:22353 UMLS_CUI:C0224434 trak TRAK:0000457 sartorius TRAK:0000457 The patient is prone with the knee flexed at 90 degrees. The examiner grasps the foot with both hands and externally rotates it as far as possible while pulling the tibia upwards. When this limit is reached, the examiner rotates the foot internally. Increased pain during rotation indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C0231740 trak TRAK:0000458 Apley distraction test TRAK:0000458 A test for a meniscal injury. The patient is prone with the knee flexed at 90 degrees. The examiner grasps the foot with both hands and externally rotates it as far as possible while pushing down though the tibia. When this limit is reached, the examiner rotates the foot internally. Increased pain during rotation indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C0231750 Apley compression test Apley grinding test trak TRAK:0000459 Apley grind test TRAK:0000459 With the patient lying flat, the knee is first fully flexed; the foot is held by grasping the heel. The leg is rotated on the thigh with the knee still in full flexion. By altering the position of flexion, the whole of the posterior segment of the cartilages can be examined from the middle to their posterior attachment. Bring the leg from its position of acute flexion to a right angle while the foot is retained first in full internal rotation and then in full external rotation. When the click occurs (in association with a torn meniscus), the patient is able to state that the sensation is the same as he/she experienced when the knee gave way previously. UMLS_CUI:C0231755 trak TRAK:0000460 McMurray test TRAK:0000460 With the patient lying flat, the knee is first fully flexed; the foot is held by grasping the heel. The leg is rotated on the thigh with the knee still in full flexion. By altering the position of flexion, the whole of the posterior segment of the cartilages can be examined from the middle to their posterior attachment. Bring the leg from its position of acute flexion to a right angle while the foot is retained first in full internal rotation and then in full external rotation. When the click occurs (in association with a torn meniscus), the patient is able to state that the sensation is the same as he/she experienced when the knee gave way previously. PMID:12690600 The test is performed with the patient supine and the foot cupped in the examiner's hand. With the patient's knee completely flexed, the knee is passively allowed to extend. The knee should extend completely or bounce home into extension with a sharp endpoint. If extension is not complete or has a rubbery end feel, there is probably a torn meniscus or some other blockage. UMLS_CUI:C0231743 trak TRAK:0000462 bounce home test TRAK:0000462 The test is performed with the patient supine and the foot cupped in the examiner's hand. With the patient's knee completely flexed, the knee is passively allowed to extend. The knee should extend completely or bounce home into extension with a sharp endpoint. If extension is not complete or has a rubbery end feel, there is probably a torn meniscus or some other blockage. PMID:12690600 A continuant that inheres in continuant entities and is not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. BFO:snap:RealizableEntity trak TRAK:0000463 realizable entity TRAK:0000463 A continuant that inheres in continuant entities and is not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. BFO:snap:RealizableEntity A test for chondromalacia patellae. The patient is seated with the femur externally rotated and knee flexed to 120 degrees. The patient then performs a 10-second isometric contraction. If pain is experienced during the contraction, the knee is passively extended and then a medial glide applied to the patella. The knee is returned to the position that caused pain, and the patient again performs an isometric contraction while the medial patella glide is maintained. If the pain experienced is decreased, chondromalacia patellae is suspected. The test is repeated with the knee at various flexion angles. UMLS_CUI:C2110571 trak TRAK:0000464 McConnell test TRAK:0000464 A test for a meniscal injury or capsular irritation. The patient is prone. The examiner flexes the knee to 90 degrees, rotates the tibia internally and externally twice, and then fully extends the knee. The process is repeated. Increased pain during rotation indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C2176322 trak TRAK:0000465 O'Donoghue test TRAK:0000465 A test for patellar dislocation. The subject is supine and relaxed. The examiner pushes the patella as lateral as possible. Then the examiner flexes the knee flexed to 30 degrees and sustains the lateral glide. The subject's apprehension indicates a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C2110455 Fairbank test trak TRAK:0000466 patellar apprehension test TRAK:0000466 A test for patellar dislocation. The subject is supine and relaxed. The examiner pushes the patella as lateral as possible. Then the examiner flexes the knee flexed to 30 degrees and sustains the lateral glide. The subject's apprehension indicates a positive test. PMID:15950517 A test used to detect the presence of Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. The patient is sitting on a table with legs dangling over the edge. The examiner bends the patient's knee so that it is flexed at a 90 degrees angle, then grasps the patient's foot and brings the tibia in (internal rotation). The patient is asked to extend the leg until the pain is felt. The test is positive if the patient reports pain in the knee about 30 degrees from full extension and when by rotating the foot back (external rotation of the tibia) in its normal position the pain disappears. UMLS_CUI:C2110468 trak TRAK:0000467 Wilson test TRAK:0000467 A test used to detect the presence of Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. The patient is sitting on a table with legs dangling over the edge. The examiner bends the patient's knee so that it is flexed at a 90 degrees angle, then grasps the patient's foot and brings the tibia in (internal rotation). The patient is asked to extend the leg until the pain is felt. The test is positive if the patient reports pain in the knee about 30 degrees from full extension and when by rotating the foot back (external rotation of the tibia) in its normal position the pain disappears. Physiopedia:Wilson's_Test A provocative test of the iliotibial band. It is commonly used as an indication for iliotibial band syndrome. The subject is supine. Bring the affected knee up to a 90 degree flexion and apply pressure with a thumb to the lateral femoral epicondyle. Afterwards the leg is extended slowly. When it is extended at approximately 30 degrees, the iliotibial band translates anteriorly over the lateral femoral epicondyle under the examiners thumb. If the patient indicates pain at this 30 degree angle, which is similar to when the patient is active, then the test is positive. UMLS_CUI:C2110471 Noble compression test trak TRAK:0000468 Noble test TRAK:0000468 A provocative test of the iliotibial band. It is commonly used as an indication for iliotibial band syndrome. The subject is supine. Bring the affected knee up to a 90 degree flexion and apply pressure with a thumb to the lateral femoral epicondyle. Afterwards the leg is extended slowly. When it is extended at approximately 30 degrees, the iliotibial band translates anteriorly over the lateral femoral epicondyle under the examiners thumb. If the patient indicates pain at this 30 degree angle, which is similar to when the patient is active, then the test is positive. Physiopedia:Noble's_test The patient is supine. The knee is held flexed at 90 degrees and forced to external rotation, then internal rotation. The test is positive for medial meniscal tear if raises pain upon externally rotating, while it is positive for lateral meniscal tears in case of pain during internal rotation. Steinmann I sign trak TRAK:0000469 Steinmann first test TRAK:0000469 The patient is supine. The knee is held flexed at 90 degrees and forced to external rotation, then internal rotation. The test is positive for medial meniscal tear if raises pain upon externally rotating, while it is positive for lateral meniscal tears in case of pain during internal rotation. PMID:22035381 A two-phase test for patellofemoral pain syndrome. For phase I, the subject is supine and the examiner presses the patella against the femur while simultaneously performing a passive knee flexion with the other hand. Crepitus and pain during a particular part of the range of motion are considered signs of patellofemoral pain disorders. For phase II, the subject is standing and asked to perform a slow, full squat, again with the examiner performing a gentle compression of the patella against the femur. Crepitus and pain indicate a positive test. UMLS_CUI:C2110585 trak TRAK:0000470 Waldron test TRAK:0000470 A two-phase test for patellofemoral pain syndrome. For phase I, the subject is supine and the examiner presses the patella against the femur while simultaneously performing a passive knee flexion with the other hand. Crepitus and pain during a particular part of the range of motion are considered signs of patellofemoral pain disorders. For phase II, the subject is standing and asked to perform a slow, full squat, again with the examiner performing a gentle compression of the patella against the femur. Crepitus and pain indicate a positive test. PMID:15950517 Leg picked up at the ankle; the knee is flexed by placing the heel of the hand behind the fibula. As the knee is extended, the tibia is supported on the lateral side with a slight valgus strain. A strong valgus force is placed on the knee by the upper hand. At approximately 30 degrees of flexion, the displaced tibia will suddenly reduce, indicating a positive pivot shift test. UMLS_CUI:C0576171 trak TRAK:0000471 pivot shift test TRAK:0000471 Leg picked up at the ankle; the knee is flexed by placing the heel of the hand behind the fibula. As the knee is extended, the tibia is supported on the lateral side with a slight valgus strain. A strong valgus force is placed on the knee by the upper hand. At approximately 30 degrees of flexion, the displaced tibia will suddenly reduce, indicating a positive pivot shift test. PMID:12690600 A test for posterolateral rotary instability. The patient lies supine with their knee flexed to between 45 and 60 degrees and their foot externally rotated. The examiner applies a valgus force while slowly extending the knee. A clunk will be felt around 30 degrees of knee flexion if the subluxed or dislocated joint has reduced. Boh knees are always tested for comparison in order to avoid false positives. UMLS_CUI:C0430756 Jakob test trak TRAK:0000472 reverse pivot shift test TRAK:0000472 A test for posterolateral rotary instability. The patient lies supine with their knee flexed to between 45 and 60 degrees and their foot externally rotated. The examiner applies a valgus force while slowly extending the knee. A clunk will be felt around 30 degrees of knee flexion if the subluxed or dislocated joint has reduced. Boh knees are always tested for comparison in order to avoid false positives. Wikipedia:Posterolateral_knee_injuries A term or system of terms denoting an arrangement by class or category. UMLS_TN:A2.4.1 UMLS_TUI:T185 trak TRAK:0000473 classification TRAK:0000473 A term or system of terms denoting an arrangement by class or category. UMLS:T185 The OSICS-10 is an injury classification system that supports classification of diagnoses for summary studies. OSICS-10 trak TRAK:0000474 Orchard Sports Injury Classification System - Version 10 TRAK:0000474 The OSICS-10 is an injury classification system that supports classification of diagnoses for summary studies. PMID:17513912 Injuries to the knee or the knee joint. OSICS-10:KXXX UMLS_CUI:C0022744 trak TRAK:0000475 knee injuries TRAK:0000475 Injuries to the knee or the knee joint. PMID:17513912 OSICS-10:KHXX trak TRAK:0000476 knee soft tissue bruising/haematoma TRAK:0000476 OSICS-10:KHQX trak TRAK:0000477 distal quadricep haematoma TRAK:0000477 OSICS-10:KHMX trak TRAK:0000478 knee MCL contusion TRAK:0000478 OSICS-10:KHBX trak TRAK:0000479 traumatic knee bursitis TRAK:0000479 OSICS-10:KHBP UMLS_CUI:C0851258 trak TRAK:0000480 prepatellar bursitis TRAK:0000480 OSICS-10:KHBI trak TRAK:0000481 infrapatellar fat pad haematoma/bursitis TRAK:0000481 OSICS-10:KHZX trak TRAK:0000482 other soft tissue bruising/haematoma knee TRAK:0000482 OSICS-10:KKXX UMLS_CUI:C0561262 trak TRAK:0000483 knee laceration/abrasion TRAK:0000483 OSICS-10:KKXQ trak TRAK:0000484 complication of knee laceration/abrasion incl infection TRAK:0000484 OSICS-10:KKSX trak TRAK:0000485 superficial knee laceration/abrasion TRAK:0000485 OSICS-10:KKDX trak TRAK:0000486 deep knee laceration - intraarticular TRAK:0000486 OSICS-10:KMXX trak TRAK:0000487 knee muscle strain/spasm/trigger points TRAK:0000487 OSICS-10:KMPX UMLS_CUI:C2168209 trak TRAK:0000488 popliteus muscle strain TRAK:0000488 OSICS-10:KTXX trak TRAK:0000489 knee tendon injury TRAK:0000489 OSICS-10:KTQX trak TRAK:0000490 quadriceps tendon injury TRAK:0000490 OSICS-10:KTQT trak TRAK:0000491 quadriceps tendinopathy TRAK:0000491 OSICS-10:KTQS UMLS_CUI:C0434328 trak TRAK:0000492 quadriceps tendon strain TRAK:0000492 OSICS-10:KTQR UMLS_CUI:C0263968 trak TRAK:0000493 quadriceps tendon rupture TRAK:0000493 OSICS-10:KTPX trak TRAK:0000494 patellar tendon injury TRAK:0000494 OSICS-10:KTPT trak TRAK:0000495 patellar tendinopathy (excl. Sinding Larsen Johannson syndrome see JTKP) TRAK:0000495 OSICS-10:KTPS UMLS_CUI:C0434329 trak TRAK:0000496 patellar tendon strain TRAK:0000496 OSICS-10:KTPR trak TRAK:0000497 patellar tendon rupture TRAK:0000497 OSICS-10:KTPI trak TRAK:0000498 insertional patellar tendon pathology, incl. intratend ossicle (excl. Osgoode Schlatters - see JTKT) TRAK:0000498 OSICS-10:KTHX UMLS_CUI:C1536140 trak TRAK:0000499 hamstring tendon injury TRAK:0000499 OSICS-10:KTHM trak TRAK:0000500 medial hamstring tendinopathy, incl. pes anserine bursitis TRAK:0000500 OSICS-10:KTHL trak TRAK:0000501 lateral hamstring tendinopathy TRAK:0000501 OSICS-10:KTHS trak TRAK:0000502 medial hamstring tendon strain TRAK:0000502 OSICS-10:KTHR trak TRAK:0000503 medial hamstring tendon rupture TRAK:0000503 OSICS-10:KTHB trak TRAK:0000504 lateral hamstring tendon strain TRAK:0000504 OSICS-10:KTHC trak TRAK:0000505 lateral hamstring tendon rupture TRAK:0000505 OSICS-10:KTGX trak TRAK:0000506 gastrocnemius tendon injury TRAK:0000506 OSICS-10:KTGM trak TRAK:0000507 medial gastroc tendinopathy knee TRAK:0000507 OSICS-10:KTGL trak TRAK:0000508 lateral gastroc tendinopathy knee TRAK:0000508 OSICS-10:KTTX trak TRAK:0000509 popliteus tendon injury TRAK:0000509 OSICS-10:KJXX trak TRAK:0000510 knee sprains/ligament injuries TRAK:0000510 OSICS-10:KJAX UMLS_CUI:C2584975 trak TRAK:0000511 acute ACL injury TRAK:0000511 OSICS-10:KJAP UMLS_CUI:C0435129 trak TRAK:0000512 partial ACL tear TRAK:0000512 OSICS-10:KJAR UMLS_CUI:C0409312 trak TRAK:0000513 ACL rupture TRAK:0000513 OSICS-10:KJAC trak TRAK:0000514 isolated ACL strain/rupture with chondral/meniscal injury TRAK:0000514 OSICS-10:KJAG trak TRAK:0000515 ACL graft rupture TRAK:0000515 OSICS-10:KJCX trak TRAK:0000516 acute PCL injury TRAK:0000516 OSICS-10:KJCP UMLS_CUI:C0435131 trak TRAK:0000517 partial PCL tear TRAK:0000517 OSICS-10:KJCR UMLS_CUI:C0409316 trak TRAK:0000518 PCL rupture TRAK:0000518 OSICS-10:KJCC trak TRAK:0000519 PCL strain/rupture with associated chondral/meniscal injury TRAK:0000519 OSICS-10:KJMX UMLS_CUI:C2732313 trak TRAK:0000520 MCL injury knee TRAK:0000520 OSICS-10:KJMA trak TRAK:0000521 grade 1 MCL tear knee TRAK:0000521 OSICS-10:KJMB trak TRAK:0000522 grade 2 MCL tear knee TRAK:0000522 OSICS-10:KJMR UMLS_CUI:C0409320 trak TRAK:0000523 MCL rupture knee TRAK:0000523 OSICS-10:KJMC trak TRAK:0000524 MCL strain/rupture with chondral/meniscal damage knee TRAK:0000524 OSICS-10:KJMQ trak TRAK:0000525 complication post MCL strain/rupture incl Pellegrini Steida lesion TRAK:0000525 OSICS-10:KJLX trak TRAK:0000526 posterolateral corner and LCL ligament injuries knee TRAK:0000526 OSICS-10:KJLL UMLS_CUI:C1655391 trak TRAK:0000527 LCL strain/rupture TRAK:0000527 OSICS-10:KJLP UMLS_CUI:C2959726 trak TRAK:0000528 posterolateral corner strain/rupture TRAK:0000528 OSICS-10:KJLC trak TRAK:0000529 PLC injury with chondral/meniscal injury TRAK:0000529 OSICS-10:KJPX UMLS_CUI:C1839733 trak TRAK:0000530 patellar subluxation TRAK:0000530 OSICS-10:KJBX trak TRAK:0000531 combined ligament injuries knee TRAK:0000531 OSICS-10:KJBC trak TRAK:0000532 combined ligament injury with chondral/meniscal injury TRAK:0000532 OSICS-10:KJSX trak TRAK:0000533 superior tib fib joint sprain TRAK:0000533 OSICS-10:KCXX trak TRAK:0000534 knee cartilage injury (chondral/osteochondral/meniscal) - excl. chondral inj a/w major ligament injury see KJXX TRAK:0000534 OSICS-10:KCCX trak TRAK:0000535 knee osteochondral injury (excl. osteochondritis dessicans i.e. atraumatic lesion - see JCKS) TRAK:0000535 OSICS-10:KCCM trak TRAK:0000536 medial femoral condyle osteochondral injury TRAK:0000536 OSICS-10:KCCL trak TRAK:0000537 lateral femoral condyle osteochondral injury TRAK:0000537 OSICS-10:KCCT trak TRAK:0000538 tibial osteochondral injury TRAK:0000538 OSICS-10:KCCP trak TRAK:0000539 patellofemoral osteochondral injury TRAK:0000539 OSICS-10:KCCB trak TRAK:0000540 two or more osteochondral injury sites TRAK:0000540 OSICS-10:KCLX trak TRAK:0000541 knee cartilage injury with loose bodies TRAK:0000541 OSICS-10:KCMX trak TRAK:0000542 knee meniscal cartilage injury TRAK:0000542 OSICS-10:KCMM UMLS_CUI:C0434984 trak TRAK:0000543 medial meniscal tear TRAK:0000543 OSICS-10:KCML UMLS_CUI:C0434993 trak TRAK:0000544 lateral meniscal tear TRAK:0000544 OSICS-10:KCMC trak TRAK:0000545 lateral meniscal cyst TRAK:0000545 OSICS-10:KCMB trak TRAK:0000546 medial and lateral meniscal tears TRAK:0000546 OSICS-10:KCMD trak TRAK:0000547 degenerative meniscal tear TRAK:0000547 OSICS-10:KCBX trak TRAK:0000548 mixed osteochondral and meniscal injury TRAK:0000548 OSICS-10:KDXX UMLS_CUI:C0159970 trak TRAK:0000549 knee dislocation TRAK:0000549 OSICS-10:KDPX UMLS_CUI:C1135812 trak TRAK:0000550 patellar dislocation TRAK:0000550 OSICS-10:KDPF trak TRAK:0000551 patellar dislocation with avulsion fracture patella TRAK:0000551 OSICS-10:KDKX trak TRAK:0000552 knee dislocation TRAK:0000552 OSICS-10:KDKQ trak TRAK:0000553 knee dislocation with neural or vascular complication TRAK:0000553 OSICS-10:KDSX trak TRAK:0000554 superior tib fib joint dislocation TRAK:0000554 OSICS-10:KUXX UMLS_CUI:C0427262 trak TRAK:0000555 knee instability (chronic or recurrent subluxations) TRAK:0000555 OSICS-10:KUPX UMLS_CUI:C1997635 trak TRAK:0000556 patellar instability TRAK:0000556 OSICS-10:KUAX trak TRAK:0000557 chronic ACL insufficiency TRAK:0000557 OSICS-10:KUCX trak TRAK:0000558 chronic PCL insufficiency TRAK:0000558 OSICS-10:KUMX trak TRAK:0000559 chronic MCL insufficiency TRAK:0000559 OSICS-10:KUZX trak TRAK:0000560 other instability TRAK:0000560 OSICS-10:KGXX trak TRAK:0000561 knee impingement/synovitis/biomechanical Lesion not associated with other conditions TRAK:0000561 OSICS-10:KGPX UMLS_CUI:C0877149 trak TRAK:0000562 patellofemoral pain TRAK:0000562 OSICS-10:KGPT trak TRAK:0000563 patellofemoral pain with patellar tendinopathy TRAK:0000563 OSICS-10:KGPL trak TRAK:0000564 excess lateral pressure syndrome TRAK:0000564 OSICS-10:KGPH trak TRAK:0000565 Hoffa's fat pad impingement TRAK:0000565 OSICS-10:KGPB trak TRAK:0000566 PFS related to bipartite patella TRAK:0000566 OSICS-10:KGIX trak TRAK:0000567 ITB friction syndrome TRAK:0000567 OSICS-10:KGSX UMLS_CUI:C0409700 trak TRAK:0000568 knee joint synovitis TRAK:0000568 OSICS-10:KGSP UMLS_CUI:C0410485 trak TRAK:0000569 synovial plica of knee TRAK:0000569 OSICS-10:KGBX UMLS_CUI:C0032650 trak TRAK:0000570 Bakers cyst TRAK:0000570 OSICS-10:KGBR UMLS_CUI:C0494976 trak TRAK:0000571 ruptured Bakers cyst TRAK:0000571 OSICS-10:KFXX UMLS_CUI:C0745541 trak TRAK:0000572 knee fractures TRAK:0000572 OSICS-10:KFPX UMLS_CUI:C0159849 trak TRAK:0000573 patellar fracture TRAK:0000573 OSICS-10:KFFX UMLS_CUI:C0435839 trak TRAK:0000574 distal femoral fracture TRAK:0000574 OSICS-10:KFFI trak TRAK:0000575 intraarticular femoral fracture TRAK:0000575 OSICS-10:KFTX UMLS_CUI:C0272765 trak TRAK:0000576 proximal tibial fracture TRAK:0000576 OSICS-10:KFTI trak TRAK:0000577 intraarticular tibial fracture TRAK:0000577 OSICS-10:KSXX trak TRAK:0000578 knee stress fracture TRAK:0000578 OSICS-10:KSPX trak TRAK:0000579 patellar stress fracture TRAK:0000579 OSICS-10:KSFX trak TRAK:0000580 distal femoral stress fracture TRAK:0000580 OSICS-10:KSTX trak TRAK:0000581 proximal tibial stress fracture TRAK:0000581 OSICS-10:KAXX UMLS_CUI:C0409959 trak TRAK:0000582 knee osteoarthritis TRAK:0000582 OSICS-10:KAPX UMLS_CUI:C1542808 trak TRAK:0000583 patellofemoral osteoarthritis TRAK:0000583 OSICS-10:KAMX trak TRAK:0000584 medial compartment osteoarthritis knee TRAK:0000584 OSICS-10:KALX trak TRAK:0000585 lateral compartment osteoarthritis knee TRAK:0000585 OSICS-10:KABX trak TRAK:0000586 bi or tri-comparmental osteoarthritis TRAK:0000586 OSICS-10:KZXX trak TRAK:0000587 knee pain/injury not otherwise specified TRAK:0000587 OSICS-10:KZZX trak TRAK:0000588 knee pain undiagnosed TRAK:0000588 OSICS-10:KZHX trak TRAK:0000589 knee haemarthrosis cause undiagnosed TRAK:0000589 Any method that uses a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. UMLS_CUI:C0011923 trak TRAK:0000590 diagnostic imaging TRAK:0000590 Any method that uses a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. UMLS:C0011923 Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders. UMLS_CUI:C0024485 MRI trak TRAK:0000591 magnetic resonance imaging TRAK:0000591 Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide amazingly clear and detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders. UMLS:C0024485 A radiographic procedure using the emission of x-rays to form an image of the structure penetrated by the radiation. UMLS_CUI:C1962945 X-ray trak TRAK:0000592 radiography TRAK:0000592 A radiographic procedure using the emission of x-rays to form an image of the structure penetrated by the radiation. UMLS:C1962945 A technique in which high-frequency sound waves are bounced off internal organs and the echo pattern is converted into a 2 dimensional picture of the structures beneath the transducer. UMLS_CUI:C0041618 ultrasound trak TRAK:0000593 ultrasonography TRAK:0000593 A technique in which high-frequency sound waves are bounced off internal organs and the echo pattern is converted into a 2 dimensional picture of the structures beneath the transducer. UMLS:C0041618 A method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis. UMLS_CUI:C0040405 CAT scan CT scan trak TRAK:0000594 X-ray computed tomography TRAK:0000594 A method of examining body organs by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis. UMLS:C0040405 UMLS_CUI:C2108835 trak TRAK:0000595 unrelenting knee pain TRAK:0000595 UMLS_CUI:C2110472 trak TRAK:0000596 knee pain improved by TRAK:0000596 A test to determine a patient's ability to voluntarily contract a specific muscle or a group of muscles. Patient Is asked to hold a position against examiner's resistance. UMLS_CUI:C0699782 trak TRAK:0000597 manual muscle test TRAK:0000597 Maximum capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen, usually measured during exercise as volume of oxygen per unit of time. CMO:0000135 UMLS_CUI:C0030055 VO2 volume of oxygen consumed per minute trak TRAK:0000598 maximal oxygen consumption TRAK:0000598 Maximum capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen, usually measured during exercise as volume of oxygen per unit of time. CMO:0000135 The FITT (Frequency-Intensity-Time-Type) activity level is determined by how often, how hard, how long, and what kinds of activity one performs to support health and fitness. trak TRAK:0000599 FITT activity level TRAK:0000599 No moderate or vigorous activity of 20 minutes duration. UMLS_CUI:C0425285 trak TRAK:0000600 FITT activity level 0 TRAK:0000600 No moderate or vigorous activity of 20 minutes duration. UMLS:C0425285 1-4 occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS_CUI:C0425286 trak TRAK:0000601 FITT activity level 1 TRAK:0000601 1-4 occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS:C0425286 5-11 occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS_CUI:C0425287 trak TRAK:0000602 FITT activity level 2 TRAK:0000602 5-11 occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS:C0425287 12 or more occasions of a moderate activity in 4 weeks. UMLS_CUI:C0425288 trak TRAK:0000603 FITT activity level 3 TRAK:0000603 12 or more occasions of a moderate activity in 4 weeks. UMLS:C0425288 12 or more occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS_CUI:C0425289 trak TRAK:0000604 FITT activity level 4 TRAK:0000604 12 or more occasions of a mix of moderate and vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS:C0425289 12 or more occasions of vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS_CUI:C0425290 trak TRAK:0000605 FITT activity level 5 TRAK:0000605 12 or more occasions of vigorous activity in 4 weeks. UMLS:C0425290 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATO:0000188 trak TRAK:0000606 coordination TRAK:0000606 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. PATO:0000188 A realizable entity that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the entity in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. BFO:snap:Disposition trak TRAK:0000607 disposition TRAK:0000607 A realizable entity that essentially causes a specific process or transformation in the entity in which it inheres, under specific circumstances and in conjunction with the laws of nature. BFO:snap:Disposition trak TRAK:0000608 forceful joint movement TRAK:0000608 A motion of the whole body or a portion of the body used in sport-like activities. trak TRAK:0000609 sport movement TRAK:0000609 A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease. OGMS:0000045 trak TRAK:0000610 disorder TRAK:0000610 A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease. OGMS:0000045 Patient supine on the examination table. Flex the knee to 30 degrees over the side of the table, place one hand about the medial aspect of the knee, and grasp the ankle with the other hand. Apply adduction (varus) stress to the knee. The test must also be performed in full extension. UMLS_CUI:C0231734 adduction test trak TRAK:0000612 varus stress test TRAK:0000612 Patient supine on the examination table. Flex the knee to 30 degrees over the side of the table, place one hand about the medial aspect of the knee, and grasp the ankle with the other hand. Apply adduction (varus) stress to the knee. The test must also be performed in full extension. PMID:12690600 A scale for grading muscle power in stages from 0 to 5. UMLS_CUI:C0427079 trak TRAK:0000613 MRC grade - muscle power TRAK:0000613 No active muscle contraction. UMLS_CUI:C0427072 trak TRAK:0000614 MRC grade - muscle power 0 TRAK:0000614 No active muscle contraction. UMLS:C0427072 Visible muscle contraction only. UMLS_CUI:C0427073 trak TRAK:0000615 MRC grade - muscle power 1 TRAK:0000615 Visible muscle contraction only. UMLS:C0427073 Movement with gravity eliminated. UMLS_CUI:C0427076 trak TRAK:0000616 MRC grade - muscle power 2 TRAK:0000616 Movement with gravity eliminated. UMLS:C0427076 Movement against gravity. UMLS_CUI:C0427077 trak TRAK:0000617 MRC grade - muscle power 3 TRAK:0000617 Movement against gravity. UMLS:C0427077 Muscle movement against resistance incomplete. UMLS_CUI:C0575060 trak TRAK:0000618 MRC grade - muscle power 4 TRAK:0000618 Muscle movement against resistance incomplete. UMLS:C0575060 Movement against resistance. UMLS_CUI:C0427078 trak TRAK:0000619 MRC grade - muscle power 5 TRAK:0000619 Movement against resistance. UMLS:C0427078 A skeletal muscle whose contraction supports joint movement. UMLS_CUI:C0581253 trak TRAK:0000620 muscle acting on joint TRAK:0000620 The pointed lower end of the patella from which the ligamentum patella passes to insert on the tibial tuberosity. FMA:43670 UMLS_CUI:C0223887 inferior margin of patella patella apex patellar apex trak TRAK:0000621 apex of patella TRAK:0000621 The superior border of the patella to which the tendon of the rectus femoris attaches. FMA:43671 UMLS_CUI:C0223890 patellar base superior margin of patella trak TRAK:0000622 base of patella TRAK:0000622 FMA:43678 UMLS_CUI:C0223888 medial facet of patella medial facet of the patella medial patella facet medial patellar facet trak TRAK:0000623 medial articular facet of patella TRAK:0000623 Anatomical surface, which is the internal or external surface of an organ. Examples: surface of heart, internal surface of stomach, surface of skin. FMA:24208 UMLS_CUI:C0817088 surface of organ trak TRAK:0000624 organ surface TRAK:0000624 Anatomical surface, which is the internal or external surface of an organ. Examples: surface of heart, internal surface of stomach, surface of skin. FMA:24208 A small articular surface of the patella. FMA:43669 UMLS_CUI:C0223891 facet of patella trak TRAK:0000625 articular facet of patella TRAK:0000625 The Thessaly test is a dynamic reproduction of joint loading in the knee. The test is performed at 5 degrees and 20 degrees of flexion. The examiner supports the patient by holding their outstretched hands while the patient stands flatfooted on the floor. The patient then rotates his or her knee and body, internally and externally, three times, keeping the knee in slight flexion (5 degrees). The same procedure is then carried out with the knee flexed at 20 degrees. Patients with suspected meniscal tears experience medial or lateral joint line discomfort and may have a sense of locking or catching. trak TRAK:0000626 Thessaly test TRAK:0000626 The Thessaly test is a dynamic reproduction of joint loading in the knee. The test is performed at 5 degrees and 20 degrees of flexion. The examiner supports the patient by holding their outstretched hands while the patient stands flatfooted on the floor. The patient then rotates his or her knee and body, internally and externally, three times, keeping the knee in slight flexion (5 degrees). The same procedure is then carried out with the knee flexed at 20 degrees. Patients with suspected meniscal tears experience medial or lateral joint line discomfort and may have a sense of locking or catching. Physiopedia:Thessaly_test The most superficial of the five medial femoral muscles. It is a thin, flattened muscle that is broad proximally and narrow distally. It functions to adduct the thigh and flex the leg and to assist in the medial rotation of the leg after it is flexed. FMA:43882 UMLS_CUI:C0242693 trak TRAK:0000627 gracilis TRAK:0000627 The most superficial of the five medial femoral muscles. It is a thin, flattened muscle that is broad proximally and narrow distally. It functions to adduct the thigh and flex the leg and to assist in the medial rotation of the leg after it is flexed. MedicalDictionary:gracilis A test for joint effusion in the knee area. The patient lies in supine with the knee in full extension and relaxed. The examiner sweeps their hand upwards 2 or 3 times from beneath the medial tibiofemoral joint line towards the supra patellar bursa. The examiner then strokes downwards on the lateral aspect of the knee, superior to the suprapatellar bursa towards the lateral joint line. The test is positive if a small bulge is detected on the medial aspect of the knee inferior to the patella. fluctuation test wipe test trak TRAK:0000629 sweep test TRAK:0000629 A test for joint effusion in the knee area. The patient lies in supine with the knee in full extension and relaxed. The examiner sweeps their hand upwards 2 or 3 times from beneath the medial tibiofemoral joint line towards the supra patellar bursa. The examiner then strokes downwards on the lateral aspect of the knee, superior to the suprapatellar bursa towards the lateral joint line. The test is positive if a small bulge is detected on the medial aspect of the knee inferior to the patella. Physiopedia:Sweep_test A nerve that arises from the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves and enters the thigh through the obturator canal. It is responsible for the sensory innervation of the skin of the medial aspect of the thigh and also responsible for the motor innervation of the adductor muscles of the lower extremity. FMA:16487 UMLS_CUI:C0028783 trak TRAK:0000630 obturator nerve TRAK:0000630 A nerve that arises from the second, third, and fourth lumbar nerves and enters the thigh through the obturator canal. It is responsible for the sensory innervation of the skin of the medial aspect of the thigh and also responsible for the motor innervation of the adductor muscles of the lower extremity. UMLS:C0028783 A test for joint effusion in the knee area. The patient lies supine with the leg extended. The examiner puts pressure on the proximal side of the knee to squeeze the fluid out of the suprapatellar pouch. While maintaining pressure on the suprapatellar pouch the other hand presses up on the medial and lateral recesses. Tap down the patella with the index finger to create an upward and downward movement and a palpable 'click' as the patella hits the underlying femur. The test is positive if the patella can be felt to move down through the fluid. If the femur and the patella are already in contact, the test is negative. Both knees are always tested for comparison in order to avoid false positives. UMLS_CUI:C0231756 trak TRAK:0000631 patellar tap TRAK:0000631 A test for joint effusion in the knee area. The patient lies supine with the leg extended. The examiner puts pressure on the proximal side of the knee to squeeze the fluid out of the suprapatellar pouch. While maintaining pressure on the suprapatellar pouch the other hand presses up on the medial and lateral recesses. Tap down the patella with the index finger to create an upward and downward movement and a palpable 'click' as the patella hits the underlying femur. The test is positive if the patella can be felt to move down through the fluid. If the femur and the patella are already in contact, the test is negative. Both knees are always tested for comparison in order to avoid false positives. Physiopedia:Effusion_tests A test for a fat pad impingement. The patient is supine with their knees bent. The examiner presses both thumbs deeply along the sides of the patellar tendon just below the patella. The patient is then instructed to straighten the leg. Pain and/or apprehension of the patient indicate a positive test. trak TRAK:0000632 Hoffa test TRAK:0000632 A test for patellofemoral pain syndrome. The subject is supine and relaxed with both knees supported by a knee pad. The examiner presses the patella distally and then asks the subject to contract the quadriceps muscle. The pain indicates positive test. UMLS_CUI:C0430759 patellar compression test patellofemoral grinding test trak TRAK:0000633 Clarke test TRAK:0000633 A test for patellofemoral pain syndrome. The subject is supine and relaxed with both knees supported by a knee pad. The examiner presses the patella distally and then asks the subject to contract the quadriceps muscle. The pain indicates positive test. PMID:15950517 Patient lies supine with the hip flexed to 45 degrees and the knee flexed to 90 degrees. In this position, the tibia rocks back, or sags back, on the femur if the PCL is torn. Normally, the medial tibial plateau extends 1cm anteriorly beyond the femoral condyle when the knee is flexed 90 degrees. If this step-off is lost, the step-off test is considered positive. Godfrey test posterior sag sign trak TRAK:0000634 posterior sag test TRAK:0000634 Patient lies supine with the hip flexed to 45 degrees and the knee flexed to 90 degrees. In this position, the tibia rocks back, or sags back, on the femur if the PCL is torn. Normally, the medial tibial plateau extends 1cm anteriorly beyond the femoral condyle when the knee is flexed 90 degrees. If this step-off is lost, the step-off test is considered positive. PMID:12690600 Subject is supine with knee flexed to 90 degrees in the drawer-test position. The foot is stabilized by the examiner, and the subject is asked to slide the foot gently down the table. Contraction of the quadriceps muscle in the PCL-deficient knee results in an anterior shift of the tibia of not less than 2mm. The test is qualitative. trak TRAK:0000635 quadriceps active test TRAK:0000635 Subject is supine with knee flexed to 90 degrees in the drawer-test position. The foot is stabilized by the examiner, and the subject is asked to slide the foot gently down the table. Contraction of the quadriceps muscle in the PCL-deficient knee results in an anterior shift of the tibia of not less than 2mm. The test is qualitative. PMID:12690600 A quality that inheres in a muscle. UMLS_CUI:C0231493 trak TRAK:0000637 muscle quality TRAK:0000637 An observable or measurable property or state of an organism of clinical interest. CMO:0000000 UMLS_TN:A2.3.1 UMLS_TUI:T201 clinical attribute trak TRAK:0000638 clinical measurement TRAK:0000638 An observable or measurable property or state of an organism of clinical interest. UMLS:T201 The Q angle is the angle of incidence of the quadriceps muscle relative to the patella. It determines the tracking of the patella through the trochlea of the femur. UMLS_CUI:C0231760 trak TRAK:0000639 Q angle TRAK:0000639 The Q angle is the angle of incidence of the quadriceps muscle relative to the patella. It determines the tracking of the patella through the trochlea of the femur. MedicalDictionary:Q+angle An abnormal structure, or one that is abnormal in size or location. UMLS_CUI:C0302142 UMLS_TN:A1.2.2 UMLS_TUI:T190 trak TRAK:0000640 anatomical abnormality TRAK:0000640 An abnormality of the knee joint or surrounding structures. HP:0002815 UMLS_CUI:C0576091 knee abnormality knee deformity trak TRAK:0000642 abnormality of the knee TRAK:0000642 An abnormality of the knee joint or surrounding structures. HP:0002815 A foot where the 'plantar arch' (FMA:43942) is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced. HP:0001763 UMLS_CUI:C0016202 flatfoot pes planus trak TRAK:0000643 flat feet TRAK:0000643 A foot where the 'plantar arch' (FMA:43942) is in contact with the ground or floor when the individual is standing; or, in a patient lying supine, a foot where the arch is in contact with the surface of a flat board pressed against the sole of the foot by the examiner with a pressure similar to that expected from weight bearing; or, the height of the arch is reduced. HP:0001763 Tibial torsion is inward twisting ('medial roation') (PATO:0002155) of the 'tibia' (FMA:24476). HP:0100694 UMLS_CUI:C2109442 trak TRAK:0000644 tibial torsion TRAK:0000644 Tibial torsion is inward twisting ('medial roation') (PATO:0002155) of the 'tibia' (FMA:24476). HP:0100694 UMLS_CUI:C2109443 trak TRAK:0000645 lateral tibial torsion TRAK:0000645 UMLS_CUI:C2109447 trak TRAK:0000646 medial tibial torsion TRAK:0000646 Total volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest inspiratory effort. CMO:0000380 UMLS_CUI:C0040509 trak TRAK:0000647 total lung capacity TRAK:0000647 Total volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest inspiratory effort. CMO:0000380 A positional abnormality marked by outward bowing of the legs in which the knees stay wide apart when a person stands with the feet and ankles together. HP:0002970 UMLS_CUI:C0544755 bow legs bow-leggedness genu vara genua vara trak TRAK:0000648 genu varum TRAK:0000648 A positional abnormality marked by outward bowing of the legs in which the knees stay wide apart when a person stands with the feet and ankles together. HP:0002970 The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart. HP:0002857 UMLS_CUI:C0576093 genu valga genu valgus genua valga knock knees trak TRAK:0000649 genu valgum TRAK:0000649 The legs angle inward, such that the knees are close together and the ankles far apart. HP:0002857 The amount of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal exhalation. CMO:0000307 UMLS_CUI:C0035190 trak TRAK:0000650 residual lung volume TRAK:0000650 The amount of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal exhalation. CMO:0000307 A muscle strength exercise that uses elastic band as resistance. trak TRAK:0000651 elastic resistance exercise TRAK:0000651 A muscle strength exercise that uses weight as resistance. trak TRAK:0000652 weight resistance exercise TRAK:0000652 A muscle strength exercise that uses free weight as resistance. UMLS_CUI:C2712429 trak TRAK:0000653 free weight exercise TRAK:0000653 A normal process, activity, or state of the body. UMLS_CUI:C1254359 UMLS_TN:B2.2.1.1 UMLS_TUI:T039 trak TRAK:0000654 physiologic function TRAK:0000654 A normal process, activity, or state of the body. UMLS:T039 An exercise performed on a weight machine. trak TRAK:0000655 weight machine exercise TRAK:0000655 An observation of the body or a body part using one of the five human senses (e.g. inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation). UMLS_CUI:C0031809 trak TRAK:0000656 physical examination TRAK:0000656 An observation of the body or a body part using one of the five human senses (e.g. inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation). UMLS:C0031809 Tests requiring nonverbal responses, for example, the manipulation of objects or the performance of motor skills. UMLS_CUI:C0871060 trak TRAK:0000657 performance test TRAK:0000657 Tests requiring nonverbal responses, for example, the manipulation of objects or the performance of motor skills. UMLS:C0871060 The result of a laboratory, radiologic, or other clinical test performed to determine the presence, absence, or degree of a condition. UMLS_CUI:C0456984 trak TRAK:0000660 test finding TRAK:0000660 The result of a laboratory, radiologic, or other clinical test performed to determine the presence, absence, or degree of a condition. UMLS:C0456984 An observation confirming something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism. UMLS_CUI:C1514241 positive trak TRAK:0000661 positive finding TRAK:0000661 An observation confirming something, such as the presence of a disease, condition, or microorganism. UMLS:C1514241 A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition. UMLS_CUI:C1513916 negative trak TRAK:0000662 negative finding TRAK:0000662 A finding of normality following an examination or investigation looking for the presence of a microorganism, disease, or condition. UMLS:C1513916 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the legs are extended against the resistance using a mechanism based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Typically, users lift a padded lever bar with their ankles to extend the knees; less frequently, using the legs, the users pull the cables to extend their knees. UMLS_CUI:C2721253 leg extension resistance machine trak TRAK:0000663 knee extension resistance machine TRAK:0000663 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the legs are extended against the resistance using a mechanism based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Typically, users lift a padded lever bar with their ankles to extend the knees; less frequently, using the legs, the users pull the cables to extend their knees. UMLS:C2721253 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the knees are flexed against resistance using equipment based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or pulley cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Lever bar machines require the users to push a padded lever bar down with their ankles to flex their knees toward the back of their thighs or lie prone and, with the pads above the ankles, flex the knees toward the back of their thighs; using pulley-cable machines, the users attach the cable to their ankles and flex the knees. UMLS_CUI:C2721252 leg curl resistance machine leg flexion resistance machine trak TRAK:0000664 knee flexion resistance machine TRAK:0000664 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the knees are flexed against resistance using equipment based on a system of pulleys and cables or levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars or pulley cables on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Lever bar machines require the users to push a padded lever bar down with their ankles to flex their knees toward the back of their thighs or lie prone and, with the pads above the ankles, flex the knees toward the back of their thighs; using pulley-cable machines, the users attach the cable to their ankles and flex the knees. UMLS:C2721252 Lower-limb muscle strength exercisers based on a system of levers that are designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the user performs hip abduction. The user exerts force on levers to counteract the exerciser resistance. These exercisers are usually stand-alone machines consisting of weights stacked on top of each other, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and a seat with two padded levers attached, one on each side, and foot rests at the bottom. Typically, the user sits in the seat with the sides of their knees and legs resting on the padded levers and their feet on the foot rests. The user puts one thigh inside each padded lever and pushes outwards against the resistance. trak TRAK:0000665 hip abduction resistance machine TRAK:0000665 Lower-limb muscle strength exercisers based on a system of levers that are designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the user performs hip abduction. The user exerts force on levers to counteract the exerciser resistance. These exercisers are usually stand-alone machines consisting of weights stacked on top of each other, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and a seat with two padded levers attached, one on each side, and foot rests at the bottom. Typically, the user sits in the seat with the sides of their knees and legs resting on the padded levers and their feet on the foot rests. The user puts one thigh inside each padded lever and pushes outwards against the resistance. UMLS:C3203770 Lower-limb muscle strength exercisers based on a system of levers that are designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the user performs hip adduction. The user exerts force on levers to counteract the exerciser resistance. These exercisers are usually stand-alone machines consisting of weights stacked on top of each other, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and a seat with two padded levers attached, one on each side, and foot rests at the bottom. Typically, the user sits in the seat with the sides of their knees and legs resting on the padded levers and their feet on the foot rests. The user puts one thigh outside each padded lever and pushes inwards. trak TRAK:0000667 hip adduction resistance machine TRAK:0000667 Lower-limb muscle strength exercisers based on a system of levers that are designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the user performs hip adduction. The user exerts force on levers to counteract the exerciser resistance. These exercisers are usually stand-alone machines consisting of weights stacked on top of each other, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and a seat with two padded levers attached, one on each side, and foot rests at the bottom. Typically, the user sits in the seat with the sides of their knees and legs resting on the padded levers and their feet on the foot rests. The user puts one thigh outside each padded lever and pushes inwards. UMLS:C3203770 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the feet press against resistance using a mechanism based on a system of levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Users place their feet on a platform and push it away to extend the knees. Leg press exercisers are intended to improve the strength in the leg muscles (e.g., quadriceps, gluteus, hamstring, calves), increase muscle size, enhance muscle endurance and power, and improve bone density. UMLS_CUI:C2720589 leg press trak TRAK:0000668 leg press machine TRAK:0000668 Muscle strength exercisers designed to provide resistance to muscular contraction when the feet press against resistance using a mechanism based on a system of levers. These exercisers usually consist of a stand-alone machine with weights stacked on top of each other or a hydraulic mechanism, a system to transmit the force (i.e., to convey the resistance), and lever bars on which the user exerts force to counteract the exerciser resistance. Users place their feet on a platform and push it away to extend the knees. Leg press exercisers are intended to improve the strength in the leg muscles (e.g., quadriceps, gluteus, hamstring, calves), increase muscle size, enhance muscle endurance and power, and improve bone density. UMLS:C2720589 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of having physical steadiness. PATO:0000185 trak TRAK:0000669 balance TRAK:0000669 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of having physical steadiness. PATO:0000185 Hypoplastic trochlea is a congenital abnormality where trochlea of the femur did not develop fully. It may lead to instability of the knee joint. trak TRAK:0000670 hypoplastic trochlea TRAK:0000670 Femoral anteversion is an excessive internal hip rotation. UMLS_CUI:C0265616 trak TRAK:0000671 femoral anteversion TRAK:0000671 Used for taxonomic or other systematic or hierarchical classification systems. UMLS_CUI:C0008903 trak TRAK:0000672 taxonomic classification TRAK:0000672 Used for taxonomic or other systematic or hierarchical classification systems. UMLS:C0008903 An instrument designed to measure outcomes related to one's medical condition. UMLS_CUI:C0450973 trak TRAK:0000673 assessment scale TRAK:0000673 International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee evaluation form is a knee-specific measure of symptoms, function, and sports activity. URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/international_knee_documentation_comitee.html trak TRAK:0000674 International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee evaluation form TRAK:0000674 International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee evaluation form is a knee-specific measure of symptoms, function, and sports activity. PMID:11799013 A self-administered questionnaire that assesses five outcomes: pain, symptoms, activities of daily living, sport and recreation function, and knee-related quality of life. URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/knee_injury_osteopaedic_outcome_score.html trak TRAK:0000675 Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) TRAK:0000675 A self-administered questionnaire that assesses five outcomes: pain, symptoms, activities of daily living, sport and recreation function, and knee-related quality of life. PMID:9699158 A 7-item measure of physical function derived from the function, daily living and function, sports and recreational activity subscales of the KOOS. It measures people's opinions about the difficulties they experience with activity due to problems with their knee. URL:http://www.koos.nu/KOOS-PS%20Eng.pdf trak TRAK:0000676 Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical function Short form (KOOS-PS) TRAK:0000676 A 7-item measure of physical function derived from the function, daily living and function, sports and recreational activity subscales of the KOOS. It measures people's opinions about the difficulties they experience with activity due to problems with their knee. PMID:18294869 A patient-reported instrument for the measurement of functional limitations commonly experienced by individuals with various knee conditions. It has two separate scales: the Activities of Daily Living Scale and the Sports Activity Scale. The Activities of Daily Living Scale includes items related to symptoms and functional limitations experienced during activities of daily living, while the Sports Activity Scale consists of items related to symptoms and functional limitations experienced during sports activities. trak TRAK:0000677 Knee Outcome Survey Activities of Daily Living scale (KOS-ADL) TRAK:0000677 A patient-reported instrument for the measurement of functional limitations commonly experienced by individuals with various knee conditions. It has two separate scales: the Activities of Daily Living Scale and the Sports Activity Scale. The Activities of Daily Living Scale includes items related to symptoms and functional limitations experienced during activities of daily living, while the Sports Activity Scale consists of items related to symptoms and functional limitations experienced during sports activities. PMID:9730122 Lysholm knee scoring scale is a scoring scale for knee ligament surgery follow-up emphasizing evaluation of symptoms of instability, which is defined as 'giving way' during activity. UMLS_CUI:C2200320 URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/tegner_lysholm_knee.html trak TRAK:0000678 Lysholm knee scoring scale TRAK:0000678 Lysholm knee scoring scale is a scoring scale for knee ligament surgery follow-up emphasizing evaluation of symptoms of instability, which is defined as 'giving way' during activity. PMID:6896798 Oxford knee score is a questionnaire for patients having a total knee replacement that reflects their assessment of knee-related health status and benefits of treatment. UMLS_CUI:C1997265 URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/oxford_knee_score.html trak TRAK:0000679 Oxford knee score TRAK:0000679 Oxford knee score is a questionnaire for patients having a total knee replacement that reflects their assessment of knee-related health status and benefits of treatment. PMID:17785736 A self administered rating scale to assess an individual's activity level. trak TRAK:0000680 Activity Rating Scale (ARS) TRAK:0000680 A self administered rating scale to assess an individual's activity level. PMID:11292048 Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) is an activity grading scale, where work and sport activities are graded numerically. trak TRAK:0000681 Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) TRAK:0000681 Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) is an activity grading scale, where work and sport activities are graded numerically. PMID:4028566 Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical function Short form (KOOS-PS) is questionnaire designed to obtain patients' opinions about the difficulties experienced with physical activities due to knee problems. URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/knee_injury_osteopaedic_outcome_score_womac.html trak TRAK:0000682 Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) score TRAK:0000682 Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical function Short form (KOOS-PS) is questionnaire designed to obtain patients' opinions about the difficulties experienced with physical activities due to knee problems. PMID:18294869 A questionnaire that assesses how knee pain has affected one's ability to manage in everyday life. The original form of the Cincinnati Knee Rating System has multiple parts: symptoms, sports activity, and activities of daily living scales, along with clinical parameters. The modified version requires patient input only and provides the user with an overall score as well as symptom and functional subscores. URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/cincinnati.html trak TRAK:0000683 modified Cincinnati rating score TRAK:0000683 A questionnaire that assesses how knee pain has affected one's ability to manage in everyday life. The original form of the Cincinnati Knee Rating System has multiple parts: symptoms, sports activity, and activities of daily living scales, along with clinical parameters. The modified version requires patient input only and provides the user with an overall score as well as symptom and functional subscores. PMID:19633231 A rating system for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty that rates only the knee joint itself and a functional score that rates the patient's ability to walk and climb stairs. UMLS_CUI:C2110607 URL:http://www.orthopaedicscore.com/scorepages/knee_society_score.html trak TRAK:0000684 Knee Society clinical rating score TRAK:0000684 A rating system for patients undergoing knee arthroplasty that rates only the knee joint itself and a functional score that rates the patient's ability to walk and climb stairs. PMID:2805470 The quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment. UMLS_CUI:C0085732 trak TRAK:0000685 ability TRAK:0000685 The quality of being able to perform; a quality that permits or facilitates achievement or accomplishment. UMLS:C0085732 UMLS_CUI:C0559964 trak TRAK:0000686 ability to walk TRAK:0000686 UMLS_CUI:C0560048 trak TRAK:0000687 ability to walk on the flat TRAK:0000687 UMLS_CUI:C0560054 trak TRAK:0000688 ability to walk up a slope TRAK:0000688 UMLS_CUI:C0560060 trak TRAK:0000689 ability to walk down a slope TRAK:0000689 UMLS_CUI:C0560066 trak TRAK:0000690 ability to walk up step TRAK:0000690 UMLS_CUI:C0560071 trak TRAK:0000691 ability to walk down step TRAK:0000691 UMLS_CUI:C0560076 trak TRAK:0000692 ability to walk up stairs TRAK:0000692 UMLS_CUI:C0560080 trak TRAK:0000693 ability to walk down stairs TRAK:0000693 UMLS_CUI:C0560104 trak TRAK:0000694 ability to walk on a narrow line TRAK:0000694 UMLS_CUI:C0560110 trak TRAK:0000695 ability to walk heel to toe TRAK:0000695 UMLS_CUI:C0580809 trak TRAK:0000696 ability to walk up hill TRAK:0000696 UMLS_CUI:C0580815 trak TRAK:0000697 ability to walk down hill TRAK:0000697 UMLS_CUI:C0560331 trak TRAK:0000698 ability to run TRAK:0000698 UMLS_CUI:C0560347 trak TRAK:0000699 ability to run on flat TRAK:0000699 UMLS_CUI:C0560353 trak TRAK:0000700 ability to run up a slope TRAK:0000700 UMLS_CUI:C0560359 trak TRAK:0000701 ability to run down a slope TRAK:0000701 UMLS_CUI:C0560365 trak TRAK:0000702 ability to run up steps TRAK:0000702 UMLS_CUI:C0560371 trak TRAK:0000703 ability to run down steps TRAK:0000703 UMLS_CUI:C0560377 trak TRAK:0000704 ability to run up stairs TRAK:0000704 UMLS_CUI:C0560383 trak TRAK:0000705 ability to run down stairs TRAK:0000705 UMLS_CUI:C0580823 trak TRAK:0000706 ability to run up hill TRAK:0000706 UMLS_CUI:C0580829 trak TRAK:0000707 ability to run down hill TRAK:0000707 UMLS_CUI:C0560433 trak TRAK:0000708 ability to skip TRAK:0000708 UMLS_CUI:C0560438 trak TRAK:0000709 ability to skip on one foot TRAK:0000709 UMLS_CUI:C0560444 trak TRAK:0000710 ability to skip on alternate feet TRAK:0000710 UMLS_CUI:C0560450 trak TRAK:0000711 ability to jump TRAK:0000711 UMLS_CUI:C0563553 ability to bear weight trak TRAK:0000712 ability to weight-bear TRAK:0000712 UMLS_CUI:C0562758 trak TRAK:0000713 ability to perform bathing activity TRAK:0000713 UMLS_CUI:C0562769 trak TRAK:0000714 ability to sit in bath TRAK:0000714 UMLS_CUI:C0562775 trak TRAK:0000715 ability to stand in bath TRAK:0000715 UMLS_CUI:C0562781 trak TRAK:0000716 ability to kneel in bath TRAK:0000716 UMLS_CUI:C0578212 trak TRAK:0000717 ability to get in and out of bath TRAK:0000717 UMLS_CUI:C0578218 trak TRAK:0000718 ability to get in bath TRAK:0000718 UMLS_CUI:C0578224 trak TRAK:0000719 ability to get out of bath TRAK:0000719 UMLS_CUI:C0578224 trak TRAK:0000720 ability to wash self TRAK:0000720 UMLS_CUI:C0562752 trak TRAK:0000721 ability to shower self TRAK:0000721 UMLS_CUI:C0562787 trak TRAK:0000722 ability to dry self TRAK:0000722 UMLS_CUI:C0560879 trak TRAK:0000723 ability to sit TRAK:0000723 UMLS_CUI:C0560828 trak TRAK:0000724 ability to sit down TRAK:0000724 UMLS_CUI:C0560834 trak TRAK:0000725 ability to sit up TRAK:0000725 UMLS_CUI:C0560788 trak TRAK:0000726 ability to stand TRAK:0000726 UMLS_CUI:C0560786 trak TRAK:0000727 ability to change position TRAK:0000727 UMLS_CUI:C0560787 trak TRAK:0000728 ability to stand up TRAK:0000728 UMLS_CUI:C0560792 trak TRAK:0000729 ability to stand up alone TRAK:0000729 UMLS_CUI:C0560798 trak TRAK:0000730 ability to stand from sitting TRAK:0000730 UMLS_CUI:C0560804 trak TRAK:0000731 ability to pull to standing from sitting TRAK:0000731 UMLS_CUI:C0560810 trak TRAK:0000732 ability to alternate between sitting and standing TRAK:0000732 UMLS_CUI:C0560816 trak TRAK:0000733 ability to rise from squatting TRAK:0000733 UMLS_CUI:C0429967 trak TRAK:0000734 chair/bed transfer ability TRAK:0000734 UMLS_CUI:C0578331 trak TRAK:0000735 ability to get in and out of a chair TRAK:0000735 UMLS_CUI:C0578343 trak TRAK:0000736 ability to get out of a chair TRAK:0000736 UMLS_CUI:C0578337 trak TRAK:0000737 ability to sit down on a chair TRAK:0000737 UMLS_CUI:C0578349 trak TRAK:0000738 ability to get on and off a bed TRAK:0000738 UMLS_CUI:C0578355 trak TRAK:0000739 ability to get on a bed TRAK:0000739 UMLS_CUI:C0578361 trak TRAK:0000740 ability to get off a bed TRAK:0000740 UMLS_CUI:C0562507 trak TRAK:0000741 ability to perform activities of everyday life TRAK:0000741 UMLS_CUI:C0560891 trak TRAK:0000742 ability to kneel TRAK:0000742 UMLS_CUI:C0560874 trak TRAK:0000743 ability to squat TRAK:0000743 UMLS_CUI:C0560887 trak TRAK:0000744 ability to bend TRAK:0000744 UMLS_CUI:C0560895 trak TRAK:0000745 ability to turn TRAK:0000745 UMLS_CUI:C0561939 trak TRAK:0000746 ability to climb TRAK:0000746 UMLS_CUI:C0562010 trak TRAK:0000747 ability to kick TRAK:0000747 UMLS_CUI:C0562846 trak TRAK:0000748 ability to sit on toilet TRAK:0000748 UMLS_CUI:C0562852 trak TRAK:0000749 ability to stand at toilet TRAK:0000749 UMLS_CUI:C0562810 trak TRAK:0000750 ability to perform toileting activities TRAK:0000750 UMLS_CUI:C0578228 trak TRAK:0000751 ability to get on and off toilet TRAK:0000751 UMLS_CUI:C0578234 trak TRAK:0000752 ability to get on to toilet TRAK:0000752 UMLS_CUI:C0578240 trak TRAK:0000753 ability to get off toilet TRAK:0000753 UMLS_CUI:C0580899 trak TRAK:0000754 ability to squat at toilet TRAK:0000754 UMLS_CUI:C0344382 trak TRAK:0000755 ability to move TRAK:0000755 UMLS_CUI:C2110478 trak TRAK:0000756 knee pain increased by TRAK:0000756 trak TRAK:0000757 ability to weight-bear on a single leg TRAK:0000757 UMLS_CUI:C0560340 trak TRAK:0000758 ability to tiptoe TRAK:0000758 trak TRAK:0000759 ability to put on and take off footwear TRAK:0000759 UMLS_CUI:C0562887 trak TRAK:0000760 ability to put on footwear TRAK:0000760 UMLS_CUI:C0562899 trak TRAK:0000761 ability to take off footwear TRAK:0000761 CMO:0000252 UMLS_CUI:C0429720 PIF trak TRAK:0000762 maximum inspiratory flow TRAK:0000762 UMLS_CUI:C0560406 trak TRAK:0000763 ability to negotiate corners when running TRAK:0000763 UMLS_CUI:C0560544 trak TRAK:0000764 ability to push and pull while running TRAK:0000764 UMLS_CUI:C0560492 trak TRAK:0000765 ability to bridge TRAK:0000765 UMLS_CUI:C0560498 trak TRAK:0000766 ability to transfer weight TRAK:0000766 The ability to perform complex motor acts. UMLS_CUI:C0260026 trak TRAK:0000767 motor ability TRAK:0000767 The ability to perform gross movements that involve large muscle groups and whole body movement. UMLS_CUI:C0560424 trak TRAK:0000768 ability to perform gross motor function TRAK:0000768 The ability to perform gross movements that involve large muscle groups and whole body movement. FreeDictionary:Gross+motor+skill The ability to coordinate of small muscle movements which occur in body parts such as the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. UMLS_CUI:C0562023 trak TRAK:0000769 ability to perform fine motor function TRAK:0000769 The ability to coordinate of small muscle movements which occur in body parts such as the fingers, usually in coordination with the eyes. FreeDictionary:fine+motor+skill UMLS_CUI:C0578367 trak TRAK:0000770 ability to move in bed TRAK:0000770 UMLS_CUI:C0577434 trak TRAK:0000771 ability to perform shopping activities TRAK:0000771 UMLS_CUI:C0563673 trak TRAK:0000772 ability to perform domestic activities TRAK:0000772 UMLS_CUI:C0563901 trak TRAK:0000773 ability to perform domestic cleaning and washing activities TRAK:0000773 UMLS_CUI:C0577340 trak TRAK:0000774 ability to use transport TRAK:0000774 UMLS_CUI:C0577341 trak TRAK:0000775 ability to use public transport TRAK:0000775 UMLS_CUI:C0577347 trak TRAK:0000776 ability to use private transport TRAK:0000776 UMLS_CUI:C0577353 trak TRAK:0000777 ability to drive a car TRAK:0000777 ability to twist trak TRAK:0000778 ability to pivot TRAK:0000778 UMLS_CUI:C2110473 trak TRAK:0000779 knee pain improved by medication TRAK:0000779 UMLS_CUI:C2110474 trak TRAK:0000780 knee pain improved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs TRAK:0000780 UMLS_CUI:C2108831 trak TRAK:0000781 knee pain improved by acetaminophen TRAK:0000781 UMLS_CUI:C2108832 trak TRAK:0000782 knee pain improved by narcotics TRAK:0000782 trak TRAK:0000783 knee pain improved by topical gels TRAK:0000783 UMLS_CUI:C2108830 trak TRAK:0000784 knee pain improved by ice TRAK:0000784 UMLS_CUI:C2108829 trak TRAK:0000785 knee pain improved by heat TRAK:0000785 UMLS_CUI:C2108833 trak TRAK:0000786 knee pain improved by wearing a brace TRAK:0000786 UMLS_CUI:C2110476 trak TRAK:0000787 knee pain improved by walking aids TRAK:0000787 UMLS_CUI:C2108827 trak TRAK:0000788 knee pain improved by normal movement TRAK:0000788 UMLS_CUI:C2108920 trak TRAK:0000789 knee pain improved by walking with foot rotated outward TRAK:0000789 UMLS_CUI:C2110480 trak TRAK:0000790 knee pain increased by bending TRAK:0000790 UMLS_CUI:C2110481 trak TRAK:0000791 knee pain increased by crawling TRAK:0000791 UMLS_CUI:C2110483 trak TRAK:0000792 knee pain increased by kneeling TRAK:0000792 UMLS_CUI:C2110484 trak TRAK:0000793 knee pain increased by squatting TRAK:0000793 UMLS_CUI:C2110486 trak TRAK:0000794 knee pain increased by straightening TRAK:0000794 UMLS_CUI:C2108921 knee pain increased by twisting trak TRAK:0000795 knee pain increased by pivoting TRAK:0000795 UMLS_CUI:C2110485 trak TRAK:0000796 knee pain increased by stairs TRAK:0000796 UMLS_CUI:C2110479 trak TRAK:0000797 knee pain increased by ascending stairs TRAK:0000797 UMLS_CUI:C2110482 trak TRAK:0000798 knee pain increased by descending stairs TRAK:0000798 UMLS_CUI:C2110488 trak TRAK:0000799 knee pain increased during cold weather TRAK:0000799 UMLS_CUI:C2110489 trak TRAK:0000800 knee pain increased during rainy weather TRAK:0000800 UMLS_CUI:C2110499 trak TRAK:0000801 knee pain increased by jumping TRAK:0000801 UMLS_CUI:C2110500 trak TRAK:0000802 knee pain increased by running TRAK:0000802 UMLS_CUI:C2110501 trak TRAK:0000803 knee pain increased by standing TRAK:0000803 UMLS_CUI:C2110502 trak TRAK:0000804 knee pain increased by walking TRAK:0000804 UMLS_CUI:C2110503 trak TRAK:0000805 knee pain increased by weightbearing TRAK:0000805 UMLS_CUI:C2110498 trak TRAK:0000806 knee pain increased by extended activity TRAK:0000806 UMLS_CUI:C2110495 trak TRAK:0000807 knee pain increased by rising from seated position TRAK:0000807 UMLS_CUI:C2110496 trak TRAK:0000808 knee pain increased by sitting down TRAK:0000808 trak TRAK:0000809 knee pain elicited by TRAK:0000809 UMLS_CUI:C2110452 trak TRAK:0000810 knee pain elicited by motion TRAK:0000810 UMLS_CUI:C2110460 trak TRAK:0000811 knee pain elicited by motion of ankle TRAK:0000811 trak TRAK:0000812 knee pain elicited by extension TRAK:0000812 trak TRAK:0000813 knee pain elicited by extension at specified angle TRAK:0000813 trak TRAK:0000814 knee pain elicited by flexion TRAK:0000814 trak TRAK:0000815 knee pain elicited by flexion at specified angle TRAK:0000815 trak TRAK:0000816 knee pain elicited throughout range of motion TRAK:0000816 UMLS_CUI:C2110491 trak TRAK:0000817 knee pain elicited by active movement TRAK:0000817 UMLS_CUI:C2110492 trak TRAK:0000818 knee pain elicited by passive movement TRAK:0000818 UMLS_CUI:C2110480 trak TRAK:0000819 knee pain worse in morning TRAK:0000819 trak TRAK:0000820 knee pain increased by walking on unven ground TRAK:0000820 trak TRAK:0000821 knee pain increased by walking up step TRAK:0000821 trak TRAK:0000822 knee pain increased by walking down step TRAK:0000822 trak TRAK:0000823 knee pain increased by walking up a slope TRAK:0000823 trak TRAK:0000824 knee pain increased by walking down a slope TRAK:0000824 trak TRAK:0000825 knee pain increased by walking up hill TRAK:0000825 trak TRAK:0000826 knee pain increased by walking down hill TRAK:0000826 UMLS_CUI:C0085732 trak TRAK:0000827 ability to conform to a position TRAK:0000827 A measure of how far a joint can move when it is being manipulated by someone other than the patient. UMLS_CUI:C0079991 trak TRAK:0000828 passive range of motion TRAK:0000828 A measure of how far a joint can move when it is being manipulated by someone other than the patient. UMLS:C0079991 A measure of how far a patient can move a body part against gravity. UMLS_CUI:C1879548 trak TRAK:0000829 active range of motion TRAK:0000829 A measure of how far a patient can move a body part against gravity. UMLS:C1879548 UMLS_CUI:C0240130 trak TRAK:0000830 swelling of knee TRAK:0000830 Generalized swelling in the overall knee area. UMLS_CUI:C2110636 trak TRAK:0000831 generalized swelling of knee TRAK:0000831 Swelling localized to a specific area of the knee. UMLS_CUI:C2176223 trak TRAK:0000832 localized swelling of knee TRAK:0000832 trak TRAK:0000833 localized swelling of anterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000833 trak TRAK:0000834 localized swelling of lateral aspect of knee TRAK:0000834 trak TRAK:0000835 localized swelling of medial aspect of knee TRAK:0000835 trak TRAK:0000836 localized swelling of posterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000836 UMLS_CUI:C0576088 trak TRAK:0000837 soft tissue swelling of knee TRAK:0000837 UMLS_CUI:C2128713 trak TRAK:0000838 localized soft tissue swelling of knee TRAK:0000838 trak TRAK:0000839 soft tissue swelling of knee with discoloration TRAK:0000839 trak TRAK:0000840 soft tissue swelling of knee with black and blue discoloration TRAK:0000840 trak TRAK:0000841 soft tissue swelling of knee with bluish discoloration TRAK:0000841 trak TRAK:0000842 soft tissue swelling of knee with red discoloration TRAK:0000842 trak TRAK:0000843 localized soft tissue swelling of anterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000843 trak TRAK:0000844 localized soft tissue swelling of posterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000844 trak TRAK:0000845 localized soft tissue swelling of medial aspect of knee TRAK:0000845 trak TRAK:0000846 localized soft tissue swelling of lateral aspect of knee TRAK:0000846 trak TRAK:0000847 localized soft tissue swelling of thigh extending to knee TRAK:0000847 UMLS_CUI:C0576089 trak TRAK:0000848 synovial swelling of knee TRAK:0000848 UMLS_CUI:C2109541 trak TRAK:0000849 fluctuant swelling of knee TRAK:0000849 UMLS_CUI:C0576087 trak TRAK:0000850 bony swelling of knee TRAK:0000850 UMLS_CUI:C0576090 trak TRAK:0000851 suprapatellar swelling TRAK:0000851 UMLS_CUI:C2076652 trak TRAK:0000852 infrapatellar swelling TRAK:0000852 UMLS_CUI:C2110661 trak TRAK:0000853 prepatellar swelling TRAK:0000853 Discomfort elicited through touch or pressure. UMLS_CUI:C0234233 sore to touch trak TRAK:0000854 tenderness TRAK:0000854 Discomfort elicited through touch or pressure. UMLS:C0234233 UMLS_CUI:C0240094 trak TRAK:0000855 joint tenderness TRAK:0000855 UMLS_CUI:C0576134 trak TRAK:0000856 tenderness of knee TRAK:0000856 UMLS_CUI:C0240129 trak TRAK:0000857 stiffness of knee TRAK:0000857 A symptom occuring in the knee. UMLS_CUI:C0745581 trak TRAK:0000858 knee symptom TRAK:0000858 UMLS_CUI:C2109046 trak TRAK:0000859 stiffness of knee upon arising TRAK:0000859 UMLS_CUI:C2109047 trak TRAK:0000860 stiffness of knee worse in morning TRAK:0000860 UMLS_CUI:C2109048 trak TRAK:0000861 stiffness of knee worsens after prolonged activity TRAK:0000861 UMLS_CUI:C2109025 trak TRAK:0000862 stiffness of knee worse during first hour after arising TRAK:0000862 UMLS_CUI:C2109037 trak TRAK:0000863 stiffness of knee feels better after normal movement TRAK:0000863 Sensation felt in the knee. trak TRAK:0000864 knee sensation TRAK:0000864 Knee feels like it may slip out of place. UMLS_CUI:C0240127 trak TRAK:0000865 knee slipping sensation TRAK:0000865 Knee feels like it may slip out of place. UMLS:C0240127 UMLS_CUI:C0240128 trak TRAK:0000866 snapping sensation in knee TRAK:0000866 UMLS_CUI:C2012568 trak TRAK:0000867 grating sensation in knee TRAK:0000867 UMLS_CUI:C2075731 trak TRAK:0000868 clicking sensation felt in knee TRAK:0000868 UMLS_CUI:C2127581 trak TRAK:0000869 sensation of something floating in knee TRAK:0000869 UMLS_CUI:C2128329 trak TRAK:0000870 shocklike sensation in knee TRAK:0000870 UMLS_CUI:C2109619 trak TRAK:0000871 knee feels loose TRAK:0000871 UMLS_CUI:C2109620 trak TRAK:0000872 knee feels 'out of place' TRAK:0000872 UMLS_CUI:C2202876 trak TRAK:0000873 warmth of knee TRAK:0000873 trak TRAK:0000874 generalized warmth of knee TRAK:0000874 trak TRAK:0000875 localized warmth of knee TRAK:0000875 trak TRAK:0000876 warmth of medial aspect of knee TRAK:0000876 trak TRAK:0000877 warmth of lateral aspect of knee TRAK:0000877 trak TRAK:0000878 warmth of superior aspect of knee TRAK:0000878 trak TRAK:0000879 warmth of inferior aspect of knee TRAK:0000879 trak TRAK:0000880 warmth of anterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000880 trak TRAK:0000881 warmth of posterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000881 A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body. PATO:0000128 UMLS_CUI:C0043100 trak TRAK:0000882 weight TRAK:0000882 A physical quality inhering in a bearer that has mass near a gravitational body. PATO:0000128 A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. PATO:0000040 UMLS_CUI:C0012751 trak TRAK:0000883 distance TRAK:0000883 A quality that is the extent of space between two entities. PATO:0000040 Femoral retroversion is an excessive external hip rotation. UMLS_CUI:C1608388 trak TRAK:0000884 femoral retroversion TRAK:0000884 The treatment of disease with certain types of light. Phototherapy can use lasers, LED, fluorescent lamps, and ultraviolet or infrared radiation. UMLS_CUI:C0031765 light therapy photoradiation therapy trak TRAK:0000885 phototherapy TRAK:0000885 The treatment of disease with certain types of light. Phototherapy can use lasers, LED, fluorescent lamps, and ultraviolet or infrared radiation. UMLS:C0031765 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's scalar absolute value of the rate of change of the bearer's position. PATO:0000008 UMLS_CUI:C0678536 trak TRAK:0000886 speed TRAK:0000886 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's scalar absolute value of the rate of change of the bearer's position. PATO:0000008 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. PATO:0001035 UMLS_CUI:C0441722 trak TRAK:0000887 force TRAK:0000887 A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's rate of change of momentum. PATO:0001035 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force. PATO:0001230 trak TRAK:0000888 strength TRAK:0000888 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's power or force. PATO:0001230 Knee locking is where a knee gets stuck in one position. UMLS_CUI:C0231753 locked knee trak TRAK:0000889 knee locking TRAK:0000889 UMLS_CUI:C2109633 trak TRAK:0000890 intermittent knee locking TRAK:0000890 UMLS_CUI:C2110633 trak TRAK:0000891 knee suddenly 'locked up' TRAK:0000891 UMLS_CUI:C2110678 trak TRAK:0000892 tenderness on palpation of knee TRAK:0000892 Any disruption of the ability to walk. HP:0001288 UMLS_CUI:C0575081 abnormal gait gait difficulty gait disturbance impaired gait trak TRAK:0000893 gait abnormality TRAK:0000893 Any disruption of the ability to walk. HP:0001288 UMLS_CUI:C2056701 trak TRAK:0000894 tenderness on palpation of patellar tendon TRAK:0000894 trak TRAK:0000895 tenderness on palpation of distal patellar tendon TRAK:0000895 trak TRAK:0000896 tenderness on palpation of infrapatellar tendon TRAK:0000896 trak TRAK:0000897 tenderness on palpation of midsubstance patellar tendon TRAK:0000897 trak TRAK:0000898 tenderness on palpation of proximal patellar tendon TRAK:0000898 trak TRAK:0000899 tenderness on palpation of quadriceps patellar tendon TRAK:0000899 Clinical finding about a knee. UMLS_CUI:C0576085 trak TRAK:0000900 knee finding TRAK:0000900 UMLS_CUI:C0582208 trak TRAK:0000901 decreased range of knee movement TRAK:0000901 UMLS_CUI:C0576099 trak TRAK:0000902 decreased active range of knee flexion TRAK:0000902 UMLS_CUI:C0576104 trak TRAK:0000903 decreased passive range of knee flexion TRAK:0000903 UMLS_CUI:C0576110 trak TRAK:0000904 decreased active range of knee extension TRAK:0000904 UMLS_CUI:C0576115 trak TRAK:0000905 decreased passive range of knee extension TRAK:0000905 UMLS_CUI:C0576121 decreased passive range of knee medial rotation trak TRAK:0000906 decreased passive range of knee internal rotation TRAK:0000906 UMLS_CUI:C0576127 decreased passive range of knee lateral rotation trak TRAK:0000907 decreased passive range of knee external rotation TRAK:0000907 decreased active range of knee medial rotation trak TRAK:0000908 decreased active range of knee internal rotation TRAK:0000908 decreased active range of knee lateral rotation trak TRAK:0000909 decreased active range of knee external rotation TRAK:0000909 UMLS_CUI:C2164385 trak TRAK:0000910 decreased knee extension during stance phase of gait TRAK:0000910 UMLS_CUI:C2164386 trak TRAK:0000911 decreased knee extension during swing phase of gait TRAK:0000911 UMLS_CUI:C2164390 trak TRAK:0000912 decreased knee flexion during stance phase of gait TRAK:0000912 UMLS_CUI:C2164391 trak TRAK:0000913 decreased knee flexion during swing phase of gait TRAK:0000913 The temporal relation between the start of the process with respect to a reference process. PATO:0002325 RADLEX:RID5735 trak TRAK:0000914 onset descriptor TRAK:0000914 The temporal relation between the start of the process with respect to a reference process. PATO:0002325 UMLS_CUI:C1276802 trak TRAK:0000915 sudden onset TRAK:0000915 Gradual, very slow onset of disease manifestations. HP:0003587 UMLS_CUI:C1298634 trak TRAK:0000916 insidious onset TRAK:0000916 Gradual, very slow onset of disease manifestations. HP:0003587 UMLS_CUI:C2109621 trak TRAK:0000917 popping sound heard in knee TRAK:0000917 trak TRAK:0000918 knee giving way partially TRAK:0000918 trak TRAK:0000919 knee giving way fully TRAK:0000919 UMLS_CUI:C2110712 trak TRAK:0000920 tenderness on palpation of lateral joint line of knee TRAK:0000920 trak TRAK:0000921 tenderness on palpation of medial joint line of knee TRAK:0000921 A bent (flexed) knee joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. HP:0006380 UMLS_CUI:C0409355 flexion contracture of the knee trak TRAK:0000922 knee flexion contracture TRAK:0000922 A bent (flexed) knee joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. HP:0006380 trak TRAK:0000923 tenderness on palpation of anterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000923 trak TRAK:0000924 tenderness on palpation of lateral aspect of knee TRAK:0000924 trak TRAK:0000925 tenderness on palpation of medial aspect of knee TRAK:0000925 trak TRAK:0000926 tenderness on palpation of posterior aspect of knee TRAK:0000926 trak TRAK:0000927 tenderness on palpation of lateral collateral ligament of knee TRAK:0000927 trak TRAK:0000928 tenderness on palpation of lateral femoral condyle of knee TRAK:0000928 trak TRAK:0000929 tenderness on palpation of lateral femoral epicondyle of knee TRAK:0000929 trak TRAK:0000930 tenderness on palpation of lateral tibial plateau of knee TRAK:0000930 trak TRAK:0000931 tenderness on palpation of biceps femoris tendon of knee TRAK:0000931 trak TRAK:0000932 tenderness on palpation of iliotibial tract of knee TRAK:0000932 trak TRAK:0000933 tenderness on palpation of head of fibula of knee TRAK:0000933 trak TRAK:0000934 tenderness on palpation of lateral facet of patella TRAK:0000934 trak TRAK:0000935 tenderness on palpation of lateral patellar retinaculum of knee TRAK:0000935 trak TRAK:0000936 tenderness on palpation of medial patellar retinaculum of knee TRAK:0000936 trak TRAK:0000937 tenderness on palpation of medial facet of patella TRAK:0000937 A limp adopted so as to avoid pain on weight-bearing structures, characterized by a very short stance phase. UMLS_CUI:C0231685 trak TRAK:0000938 antalgic gait TRAK:0000938 A limp adopted so as to avoid pain on weight-bearing structures, characterized by a very short stance phase. MedicalDictionary:gait A limp is a type of asymmetric abnormality of the gait. trak TRAK:0000939 limp TRAK:0000939 A limp is a type of asymmetric abnormality of the gait. Wikipedia:Limp trak TRAK:0000940 tenderness on palpation of medial hamstrings of knee TRAK:0000940 trak TRAK:0000941 tenderness on palpation of medial collateral ligament of knee TRAK:0000941 trak TRAK:0000942 tenderness on palpation of medial femoral condyle of knee TRAK:0000942 An abnormal gait pattern in which persons stand and walk with their feet spaced widely apart. HP:0002136 UMLS_CUI:C1836917 wide-based gait trak TRAK:0000943 broad-based gait TRAK:0000943 An abnormal gait pattern in which persons stand and walk with their feet spaced widely apart. HP:0002136 trak TRAK:0000944 tenderness on palpation of medial tibial plateau of knee TRAK:0000944 trak TRAK:0000945 tenderness on palpation of adductor tubercle of knee TRAK:0000945 trak TRAK:0000946 tenderness on palpation of infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve of knee TRAK:0000946 trak TRAK:0000947 tenderness on palpation of pes anserinus of knee TRAK:0000947 trak TRAK:0000948 tenderness on palpation of tibial tubercle of knee TRAK:0000948 trak TRAK:0000949 tenderness on palpation of fat pad of knee TRAK:0000949 trak TRAK:0000950 tenderness on palpation of inferior pole of patella of knee TRAK:0000950 trak TRAK:0000951 tenderness on palpation of superior pole of patella of knee TRAK:0000951 trak TRAK:0000952 tenderness on palpation of prepatellar bursa of knee TRAK:0000952 trak TRAK:0000953 tenderness on palpation of patellofemoral region of knee TRAK:0000953 trak TRAK:0000954 tenderness on palpation of Gerdy's tubercle of knee TRAK:0000954 trak TRAK:0000955 tenderness on palpation of popliteal fossa of knee TRAK:0000955 trak TRAK:0000956 tenderness on palpation of posterior capsule of knee TRAK:0000956 trak TRAK:0000957 tenderness on palpation of posterior lateral corner of knee TRAK:0000957 Extension lag a lack of normal active extension of a joint for which there is normal passive extension. UMLS_CUI:C0231746 extensor lag trak TRAK:0000958 extension lag TRAK:0000958 A gait in which the foot is moving forward at the time of initial contact, with the foot either flat or at heel strike, or during midswing. HP:0002362 UMLS_CUI:C0231688 trak TRAK:0000959 shuffling gait TRAK:0000959 A gait in which the foot is moving forward at the time of initial contact, with the foot either flat or at heel strike, or during midswing. MedicalDictionary:shuffling+gait UMLS_CUI:C0224936 trak TRAK:0000960 knee tendon TRAK:0000960 Regular connective tissue, which consists of osteocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is ossified. Examples: woven bone, lamellar bone. FMA:224804 UMLS_CUI:C0391978 trak TRAK:0000961 bone tissue TRAK:0000961 Regular connective tissue, which consists of osteocytes and related cells, the intercellular matrix of which is ossified. Examples: woven bone, lamellar bone. FMA:224804 FMA:46900 UMLS_CUI:C0224941 quadriceps femoris tendon tendon of quadriceps femoris trak TRAK:0000962 quadriceps tendon TRAK:0000962 UMLS_CUI:C1267157 trak TRAK:0000963 hamstring tendon TRAK:0000963 biceps tendon FMA:45930 UMLS_CUI:C0448659 tendon of biceps femoris trak TRAK:0000964 biceps femoris tendon TRAK:0000964 FMA:47140 UMLS_CUI:C0448640 tendon of gastrocnemius trak TRAK:0000965 gastrocnemius tendon TRAK:0000965 A common hiking accessory used to assist walkers with their rhythm and provide stability on rough terrain. hiking pole hiking stick walking pole trak TRAK:0000966 trekking pole TRAK:0000966 A common hiking accessory used to assist walkers with their rhythm and provide stability on rough terrain. Wikipedia:Trekking_pole FMA:47185 UMLS_CUI:C0448645 popliteal tendon tendon of popliteus trak TRAK:0000967 popliteus tendon TRAK:0000967 Measurement of the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. CMO:0000003 UMLS_CUI:C1271104 trak TRAK:0000968 blood pressure measurement TRAK:0000968 Measurement of the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. CMO:0000003 In sports and particularly exercise testing, the Borg scale measures perceived exertion. In medicine this is used to document the patient's exertion during a test. UMLS_CUI:C0449399 Borg RPE scale RPE scale Rating of Perceived Exertion scale trak TRAK:0000969 Borg scale TRAK:0000969 In sports and particularly exercise testing, the Borg scale measures perceived exertion. In medicine this is used to document the patient's exertion during a test. Wikipedia:Borg_scale The original scale introduced by Gunnar Borg rated exertion on a scale of 6-20. The seemingly odd range of 6-20 is to follow the general heart rate of a healthy adult by multiplying by 10. For instance, a perceived exertion of 12 would be expected to coincide with a heart rate of roughly 120 beats per minute. trak TRAK:0000970 15 point Borg scale TRAK:0000970 The original scale introduced by Gunnar Borg rated exertion on a scale of 6-20. The seemingly odd range of 6-20 is to follow the general heart rate of a healthy adult by multiplying by 10. For instance, a perceived exertion of 12 would be expected to coincide with a heart rate of roughly 120 beats per minute. Wikipedia:Borg_scale UMLS_CUI:C0577481 trak TRAK:0000971 ability to perform play and sports activities TRAK:0000971 UMLS_CUI:C0577463 trak TRAK:0000972 ability to perform gardening activities TRAK:0000972 UMLS_CUI:C0578407 trak TRAK:0000973 ability to perform laboring activities TRAK:0000973 UMLS_CUI:C0578394 trak TRAK:0000974 ability to perform occupation and employment activities TRAK:0000974 UMLS_CUI:C0563894 trak TRAK:0000975 ability to perform housekeeping activities TRAK:0000975 UMLS_CUI:C0577328 trak TRAK:0000976 ability to perform travelling activities TRAK:0000976 UMLS_CUI:C0577539 trak TRAK:0000977 ability to perform do-it-yourself activities TRAK:0000977 UMLS_CUI:C0578136 trak TRAK:0000978 ability to perform educational activities TRAK:0000978 UMLS_CUI:C0562734 trak TRAK:0000979 ability to perform personal care activity TRAK:0000979 UMLS_CUI:C0562876 trak TRAK:0000980 ability to perform dressing activities TRAK:0000980 UMLS_CUI:C0565668 trak TRAK:0000981 ability to perform general purpose physical activities TRAK:0000981 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting movement as a result of an externally applied force. trak TRAK:0000982 passive TRAK:0000982 A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. PATO:0000044 UMLS_CUI:C0439603 trak TRAK:0000983 frequency TRAK:0000983 A physical quality which inheres in a bearer by virtue of the number of the bearer's repetitive actions in a particular time. PATO:0000044 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's possessing or displaying a distinctive feature in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000049 trak TRAK:0000984 intensity TRAK:0000984 A quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's possessing or displaying a distinctive feature in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000049 An intensity which is less than moderate in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000394 trak TRAK:0000985 mild intensity TRAK:0000985 An intensity which is less than moderate in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000394 An intensity which is extremely bad or unpleasant in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000396 trak TRAK:0000986 severe intensity TRAK:0000986 An intensity which is extremely bad or unpleasant in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000396 An intensity which is less than extreme in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000395 moderately severe trak TRAK:0000987 moderate intensity TRAK:0000987 An intensity which is less than extreme in type or degree or effect or force. PATO:0000395 A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an onset and time course between acute and chronic. PATO:0002091 UMLS_CUI:C0205365 trak TRAK:0000988 subacute TRAK:0000988 A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having an onset and time course between acute and chronic. PATO:0002091 A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course. PATO:0000389 UMLS_CUI:C0205178 trak TRAK:0000989 acute TRAK:0000989 A quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having a sudden onset, sharp rise, and short course. PATO:0000389 A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having slow progressive course of indefinite duration. PATO:0001863 RADLEX:RID5719 UMLS_CUI:C0205191 chronically trak TRAK:0000990 chronic TRAK:0000990 A duration quality of a process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having slow progressive course of indefinite duration. PATO:0001863 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's movement. PATO:0002076 trak TRAK:0000992 movement behavioral quality TRAK:0000992 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's movement. PATO:0002076 A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's exhibiting movement as a result of its own action. trak TRAK:0000993 active TRAK:0000993 Maximal rate of air flow through the pulmonary tree during forced expiration. CMO:0000253 UMLS_CUI:C0024966 MMEF trak TRAK:0000994 maximum mid-expiratory flow TRAK:0000994 Maximal rate of air flow through the pulmonary tree during forced expiration. CMO:0000253 UMLS_CUI:C1398659 trak TRAK:0000995 joint symptom TRAK:0000995 Clinical finding about a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0427210 trak TRAK:0000996 joint finding TRAK:0000996 UMLS_CUI:C0574961 trak TRAK:0000997 finding of joint movement TRAK:0000997 UMLS_CUI:C0575040 trak TRAK:0000998 finding of measures of joint TRAK:0000998 UMLS_CUI:C0574962 trak TRAK:0000999 finding of range of joint movement TRAK:0000999 A method of feeling with the hands during a physical examination. The health care provider touches and feels the patient's body to examine the size, consistency, texture, location and tenderness of an organ or body part. UMLS_CUI:C0030247 trak TRAK:0001000 palpation TRAK:0001000 A method of feeling with the hands during a physical examination. The health care provider touches and feels the patient's body to examine the size, consistency, texture, location and tenderness of an organ or body part. UMLS:C0030247 Watching something and taking note of what happens. UMLS_CUI:C1964257 trak TRAK:0001001 observation TRAK:0001001 Watching something and taking note of what happens. UMLS:C1964257 A physiotherapist will initially conduct a subjective examination (interview) of a patient's medical history, life style, work requirements, etc. to understand the nature of the presenting problem and then go on to the objective assessment (physical examination). subjective assessment trak TRAK:0001002 subjective examination TRAK:0001002 Abnormality of the patella (knee cap). HP:0003045 UMLS_CUI:C0343295 patella abnormality patella deformity patellar abnormality trak TRAK:0001003 abnormality of the patella TRAK:0001003 Abnormality of the patella (knee cap). HP:0003045 A patella alta is an abnormally high lying patella. UMLS_CUI:C1504506 trak TRAK:0001004 patella alta TRAK:0001004 Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus. FMA:5018 UMLS_CUI:C0262950 trak TRAK:0001005 bone organ TRAK:0001005 Organ with cavitated organ parts, which primarily consists of compact (cortical) and cancellous bone, which surround bone marrow cavities; together with other bones, cartilages and joints, it constitutes the skeletal system. Examples: femur, sternum, maxilla, vertebra, talus. FMA:5018 Inner and larger bone of the leg below the knee; it articulates with the femur and head of the fibula above and the talus below. FMA:24476 UMLS_CUI:C0040184 shin bone trak TRAK:0001006 tibia TRAK:0001006 Inner and larger bone of the leg below the knee; it articulates with the femur and head of the fibula above and the talus below. UMLS:C0040184 The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee. FMA:9611 UMLS_CUI:C0015811 thigh bone trak TRAK:0001007 femur TRAK:0001007 The longest and largest bone of the skeleton, it is situated between the hip and the knee. UMLS:C0015811 The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones. FMA:24479 UMLS_CUI:C0016068 trak TRAK:0001008 fibula TRAK:0001008 The bone of the lower leg lateral to and smaller than the tibia. In proportion to its length, it is the most slender of the long bones. UMLS:C0016068 The bone of the foot that connects with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. FMA:9708 UMLS_CUI:C0039277 trak TRAK:0001009 talus TRAK:0001009 The bone of the foot that connects with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. UMLS:C0039277 A small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that articulates with the femur and protects the knee joint. FMA:24485 UMLS_CUI:C0030647 knee bone knee cap trak TRAK:0001010 patella TRAK:0001010 A small flat triangular bone in front of the knee that articulates with the femur and protects the knee joint. UMLS:C0030647 Synovial tissue is the soft tissue found between the joint capsule and the joint cavity of synovial joints. UMLS_CUI:C0224494 synovial membrane synovium trak TRAK:0001011 synovial tissue TRAK:0001011 Synovial tissue is the soft tissue found between the joint capsule and the joint cavity of synovial joints. Wikipedia:Synovial_membrane Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state, with or without the admixture of cells and biological macromolecules; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures. Examples: saliva, semen, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory air, urine, feces, blood, plasma, lymph. FMA:9669 UMLS_CUI:C0504082 UMLS_TN:A1.4.2 UMLS_TUI:T031 trak TRAK:0001012 body substance TRAK:0001012 Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state, with or without the admixture of cells and biological macromolecules; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures. Examples: saliva, semen, cerebrospinal fluid, respiratory air, urine, feces, blood, plasma, lymph. FMA:9669 The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the synovial membrane. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints. FMA:12277 UMLS_CUI:C0039097 joint fluid trak TRAK:0001013 synovial fluid TRAK:0001013 The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the synovial membrane. It contains mucin, albumin, fat, and mineral salts and serves to lubricate joints. UMLS:C0039097 A sac containing synovial fluid at sites of friction, as between a tendon and a bone. FMA:9692 UMLS_CUI:C0006441 bursa trak TRAK:0001014 synovial bursa TRAK:0001014 A sac containing synovial fluid at sites of friction, as between a tendon and a bone. UMLS:C0006441 UMLS_CUI:C1744583 trak TRAK:0001015 knee bursa TRAK:0001015 Synovial capsule of joint, which is surrounded by the fibrous capsule of knee joint. Examples: There are only two synovial capsules of knee joint. FMA:64835 UMLS_CUI:C0932430 trak TRAK:0001016 synovial capsule of knee joint TRAK:0001016 Synovial capsule of joint, which is surrounded by the fibrous capsule of knee joint. Examples: There are only two synovial capsules of knee joint. FMA:64835 FMA:12253 UMLS_CUI:C0224828 suprapatellar pouch suprapatellar recess trak TRAK:0001017 suprapatellar bursa TRAK:0001017 FMA:75405 UMLS_CUI:C0224829 trak TRAK:0001018 infrapatellar bursa TRAK:0001018 FMA:43794 UMLS_CUI:C0224831 infragenual bursa subligamentous bursa subpatellar bursa subpatellar mucous bursa trak TRAK:0001019 deep infrapatellar bursa TRAK:0001019 A somewhat triangular muscle in the thigh and one of the five medial femoral muscles. It acts to adduct and rotate the thigh laterally and to flex the leg. FMA:22442 UMLS_CUI:C0224436 musculus adductos brevis trak TRAK:0001020 adductor brevis TRAK:0001020 A somewhat triangular muscle in the thigh and one of the five medial femoral muscles. It acts to adduct and rotate the thigh laterally and to flex the leg. MedicalDictionary:adductor+brevis FMA:45036 UMLS_CUI:C0224832 subcutaneous bursa of tibial tuberosity trak TRAK:0001021 bursa of tibial tuberosity TRAK:0001021 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of cartilage tissue. Example: meniscus. FMA:55107 UMLS_CUI:C0926866 trak TRAK:0001022 cartilage organ TRAK:0001022 FMA:45054 UMLS_CUI:C0835657 lateral subtendinous bursa of gastrocnemius trak TRAK:0001023 lateral bursa of gastrocnemius TRAK:0001023 FMA:75270 UMLS_CUI:C1184650 bursa subtendinea musculi bicpitis femoris inferior trak TRAK:0001024 fibular bursa TRAK:0001024 Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles), who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their opponents' half of the court. UMLS_CUI:C0004678 trak TRAK:0001025 badminton TRAK:0001025 Badminton is a racquet sport played by either two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs (doubles), who take positions on opposite halves of a rectangular court that is divided by a net. Players score points by striking a shuttlecock with their racquet so that it passes over the net and lands in their opponents' half of the court. Wikipedia:Badminton Squash is a high-speed racquet sport played by two players (or in doubles 4 players on court at a time) in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball. UMLS_CUI:C0038076 trak TRAK:0001026 squash TRAK:0001026 Squash is a high-speed racquet sport played by two players (or in doubles 4 players on court at a time) in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball. Wikipedia:Squash_(sport) Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi by connective tissue. Examples: sutural ligament, radiate sternocostal ligament, ligament of liver, ovarian ligament. FMA:21496 UMLS_CUI:C0739568 ligament trak TRAK:0001027 ligament organ TRAK:0001027 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi by connective tissue. Examples: sutural ligament, radiate sternocostal ligament, ligament of liver, ovarian ligament. FMA:21496 FMA:45057 UMLS_CUI:C0835660 medial subtendinous bursa of gastrocnemius trak TRAK:0001028 medial bursa of gastrocnemius TRAK:0001028 FMA:45201 UMLS_CUI:C0224834 anterior genual bursa trak TRAK:0001029 anserine bursa TRAK:0001029 FMA:45081 UMLS_CUI:C0224838 Brodie's bursa posterior genual bursa semimembranosus bursa trak TRAK:0001030 semimembranosus bursa TRAK:0001030 A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATO:0001241 monadic quality of a continuant multiply inhering quality of a physical entity quality of a continuant quality of a single physical entity quality of an object quality of continuant trak TRAK:0001031 physical object quality TRAK:0001031 A quality which inheres in a continuant. PATO:0001241 A layer of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs between tendons and bones). The synovial membrane makes synovial fluid, which has a lubricating function. FMA:66762 UMLS_CUI:C0039099 synovial layer trak TRAK:0001032 synovial membrane TRAK:0001032 A layer of connective tissue that lines the cavities of joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs between tendons and bones). The synovial membrane makes synovial fluid, which has a lubricating function. UMLS:C0039099 FMA:10483 UMLS_CUI:C0504624 zone of bone organ trak TRAK:0001033 bone organ zone TRAK:0001033 A rounded bony projection at the end of the bone. FMA:75434 UMLS_CUI:C0524414 trak TRAK:0001034 condyle TRAK:0001034 A rounded bony projection at the end of the bone. UMLS:C0524414 A bone prominence to which ligaments and tendons of the joints are attached. FMA:75435 UMLS_CUI:C0222681 trak TRAK:0001035 epicondyle TRAK:0001035 A bone prominence to which ligaments and tendons of the joints are attached. UMLS:C0222681 FMA:32855 UMLS_CUI:C0582800 femoral condyle trak TRAK:0001036 condyle of femur TRAK:0001036 FMA:32859 UMLS_CUI:C0448197 lateral femoral condyle trak TRAK:0001037 lateral condyle of femur TRAK:0001037 FMA:32858 UMLS_CUI:C0448196 medial femoral condyle trak TRAK:0001038 medial condyle of femur TRAK:0001038 UMLS_CUI:C1279119 tibial condyle tibial plateau trak TRAK:0001039 condyle of tibia TRAK:0001039 FMA:35448 UMLS_CUI:C0223893 condylus lateralis (tibia) lateral tibial condyle lateral tibial plateau posterolateral tibial plateau trak TRAK:0001040 lateral condyle of tibia TRAK:0001040 FMA:35445 UMLS_CUI:C0223892 condylus medialis (tibia) medial tibial condyle medial tibial plateau trak TRAK:0001041 medial condyle of tibia TRAK:0001041 UMLS_CUI:C0455081 trak TRAK:0001042 application of topical agent to skin TRAK:0001042 Origin: termination of femoral nerve, descending first with femoral vessels and then on medial side of leg and foot. Branches: infrapatellar and medial crural cutaneous branches. Distribution: knee joint, subsartorial and patellar plexuses, skin on medial side of leg and foot. Modality: general sensory. FMA:45262 UMLS_CUI:C0228919 trak TRAK:0001043 saphenous nerve TRAK:0001043 Origin: termination of femoral nerve, descending first with femoral vessels and then on medial side of leg and foot. Branches: infrapatellar and medial crural cutaneous branches. Distribution: knee joint, subsartorial and patellar plexuses, skin on medial side of leg and foot. Modality: general sensory. MedicalDictionary:saphenous+nerve A nerve that arises from the fifth lumbar nerve and the first and second sacral nerves and supplies the gluteus maximus muscle. FMA:16511 UMLS_CUI:C0228930 trak TRAK:0001044 inferior gluteal nerve TRAK:0001044 A nerve that arises from the fifth lumbar nerve and the first and second sacral nerves and supplies the gluteus maximus muscle. MedicalDictionary:inferior+gluteal+nerve FMA:45325 UMLS_CUI:C0228920 IPBSN ramus infrapatellaris (nervus saphenus) saphenous nerve infrapatellar branch trak TRAK:0001045 infrapatellar branch of saphenous nerve TRAK:0001045 A thickened longitudinal band of fascia lata extending from the tensor muscle downward to the lateral condyle of the tibia. FMA:51048 UMLS_CUI:C0225266 Bandelette of Maissiat ITB iliotibial tract tractus iliotibialis trak TRAK:0001046 iliotibial band TRAK:0001046 A thickened longitudinal band of fascia lata extending from the tensor muscle downward to the lateral condyle of the tibia. MedicalDictionary:tract A measurement to assess the morphological or physiological state of the cardiovascular system or portion of the cardiovascular system. CMO:0000001 UMLS_CUI:C0199659 trak TRAK:0001047 cardiovascular measurement TRAK:0001047 Measurement of the bodily system that consists of the muscles, bones, joints, and related structures, such as the tendons and connective tissue and which supports and protects the body, functions in the movement of body parts and organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. CMO:0000916 trak TRAK:0001048 musculoskeletal system measurement TRAK:0001048 Measurement of the bodily system that consists of the muscles, bones, joints, and related structures, such as the tendons and connective tissue and which supports and protects the body, functions in the movement of body parts and organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals. CMO:0000916 Measurement of one or more of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. CMO:0000917 trak TRAK:0001049 joint measurement TRAK:0001049 Measurement of one or more of the articulations between bones which may be immovable, slightly movable or freely movable. CMO:0000917 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle or a group of muscles. Muscles are organs or tissues composed of bundles of fibers that have the power to contract and hence to produce movement. CMO:0001158 trak TRAK:0001050 muscle measurement TRAK:0001050 Any measurement, morphological or physiological of a muscle or a group of muscles. Muscles are organs or tissues composed of bundles of fibers that have the power to contract and hence to produce movement. CMO:0001158 A nodule or small eminence, especially one on a bone for attachment of a tendon. FMA:75429 UMLS_CUI:C1184740 trak TRAK:0001051 tubercle TRAK:0001051 A nodule or small eminence, especially one on a bone for attachment of a tendon. MedicalDictionary:tubercle FMA:43679 UMLS_CUI:C0223889 lateral facet of patella lateral facet of the patella lateral patella facet lateral patellar facet trak TRAK:0001052 lateral articular facet of patella TRAK:0001052 An updated combined category and ration scale by Borg with the ratings between 0 (nothing at all) and 10 (very very hard). Borg CR10 scale trak TRAK:0001053 10 point Borg scale TRAK:0001053 UMLS_CUI:C0224824 trak TRAK:0001054 prepatellar bursa TRAK:0001054 The medial and lateral portions of the tendon of the quadriceps pass down on either side of the patella, to be inserted into the upper extremity of the tibia on either side of the tuberosity; these portions merge into the capsule, forming the medial and lateral patellar retinacula. FMA:44684 UMLS_CUI:C0449053 patella retinaculum trak TRAK:0001055 patellar retinaculum TRAK:0001055 The medial and lateral portions of the tendon of the quadriceps pass down on either side of the patella, to be inserted into the upper extremity of the tibia on either side of the tuberosity; these portions merge into the capsule, forming the medial and lateral patellar retinacula. Wikipedia:Patellar_ligament medial retinaculum FMA:44587 UMLS_CUI:C0225126 medial patella retinaculum trak TRAK:0001056 medial patellar retinaculum TRAK:0001056 lateral retinaculum FMA:44590 UMLS_CUI:C0225127 lateral patella retinaculum trak TRAK:0001057 lateral patellar retinaculum TRAK:0001057 The round end of the long bones. FMA:24012 UMLS_CUI:C0014570 trak TRAK:0001058 epiphysis of bone TRAK:0001058 The round end of the long bones. UMLS:C0014570 FMA:33729 UMLS_CUI:C0223908 fibular head proximal end of fibula proximal epiphysis of fibula upper end of fibula trak TRAK:0001059 head of fibula TRAK:0001059 FMA:32851 UMLS_CUI:C0015813 femoral head trak TRAK:0001060 head of femur TRAK:0001060 FMA:33113 UMLS_CUI:C0932431 proximal end of tibia proximal epiphysis of tibia upper end of tibia trak TRAK:0001061 head of tibia TRAK:0001061 FMA:33635 UMLS_CUI:C0223931 talus head trak TRAK:0001062 head of talus TRAK:0001062 Encapsulated adipose tissue. FMA:58616 UMLS_CUI:C0935625 fat body trak TRAK:0001063 fat pad TRAK:0001063 Encapsulated adipose tissue. UMLS:C0935625 A specialized form of connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells), surrounded by a meshwork of collagen fibers. FMA:20110 UMLS_CUI:C0001527 fatty tissue trak TRAK:0001064 adipose tissue TRAK:0001064 A specialized form of connective tissue consisting primarily of adipocytes (fat cells), surrounded by a meshwork of collagen fibers. UMLS:C0001527 UMLS_CUI:C0581515 trak TRAK:0001065 muscle acting on knee joint TRAK:0001065 The long, heavy triangular muscle of the medial aspect of the thigh. The adductor magnus acts to adduct the thigh. The proximal portion acts to rotate the thigh medially and flex it on the hip; the distal portion acts to extend the thigh and rotate it laterally. FMA:22443 UMLS_CUI:C0224438 trak TRAK:0001066 adductor magnus TRAK:0001066 The long, heavy triangular muscle of the medial aspect of the thigh. The adductor magnus acts to adduct the thigh. The proximal portion acts to rotate the thigh medially and flex it on the hip; the distal portion acts to extend the thigh and rotate it laterally. MedicalDictionary:adductor+magnus The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a band of retinacular tissue connecting the femoral medial epicondyle to the medial edge of the patella. MPFL trak TRAK:0001067 medial patellofemoral ligament TRAK:0001067 The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is a band of retinacular tissue connecting the femoral medial epicondyle to the medial edge of the patella. PMID:12893142 A bony eminence in the intercondylar region of the tibia. FMA:43761 UMLS_CUI:C0223894 eminentia intercondylaris (tibia) intercondylar eminence of tibia intercondylar spine of tibia trak TRAK:0001068 tibial spine TRAK:0001068 Anatomical structure, which has as its direct parts instances of anatomical sets of organs and cardinal organ parts spatially associated with either the skull, vertebral column, or the skeleton of a limb; in their aggregate are surrounded by a part of the skin Examples: Head, body proper, right upper limb. FMA:7153 UMLS_CUI:C0229962 body region cardinal body part trak TRAK:0001069 body part TRAK:0001069 Anatomical structure, which has as its direct parts instances of anatomical sets of organs and cardinal organ parts spatially associated with either the skull, vertebral column, or the skeleton of a limb; in their aggregate are surrounded by a part of the skin Examples: Head, body proper, right upper limb. FMA:7153 UMLS_CUI:C0581516 trak TRAK:0001070 muscle acting on ankle joint TRAK:0001070 UMLS_CUI:C0581514 trak TRAK:0001071 muscle acting on hip joint TRAK:0001071 Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements. muscle UMLS_CUI:C0242692 trak TRAK:0001072 skeletal muscle TRAK:0001072 Striated muscles that are under voluntary control of the organism. They are connected at either or both ends to a bone and are utilized for locomotion and other movements. UMLS:C0242692 Anatomical structure which has as its direct parts portions of two or more types of tissue or two or more types of cardinal organ part which constitute a maximally connected anatomical structure demarcated predominantly by a bona fide anatomical surface. Examples: femur, biceps, liver, heart, skin, tracheobronchial tree, ovary. FMA:67498 UMLS_CUI:C0178784 trak TRAK:0001073 organ TRAK:0001073 Anatomical structure which has as its direct parts portions of two or more types of tissue or two or more types of cardinal organ part which constitute a maximally connected anatomical structure demarcated predominantly by a bona fide anatomical surface. Examples: femur, biceps, liver, heart, skin, tracheobronchial tree, ovary. FMA:67498 Anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas. FMA:82472 UMLS_CUI:C2331139 trak TRAK:0001074 organ part TRAK:0001074 Anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas. FMA:82472 A game played by two or four players with rackets and an elastic ball on a level court divided by a low net. UMLS_CUI:C0039515 trak TRAK:0001075 tennis TRAK:0001075 A game played by two or four players with rackets and an elastic ball on a level court divided by a low net. UMLS:C0039515 Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa. FMA:9689 UMLS_CUI:C0504089 trak TRAK:0001076 serous sac TRAK:0001076 Organ with organ cavity, which has as parts a serous membrane and a serous cavity . Examples: pleural sac, pericardial sac, tendon sheath, bursa. FMA:9689 Hurdling is a type of track and field race. trak TRAK:0001077 hurdling TRAK:0001077 Hurdling is a type of track and field race. Wikipedia:Hurdles Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of organ parts composed of various types of connective tissue; it surrounds and interconnects various organs and body parts, and establishes the anatomical integrity of body parts and organ systems. Examples: superficial fascia, investing fascia, fat pad. FMA:5023 UMLS_CUI:C0015641 trak TRAK:0001078 fascia organ TRAK:0001078 Nonparenchymatous organ that consists of organ parts composed of various types of connective tissue; it surrounds and interconnects various organs and body parts, and establishes the anatomical integrity of body parts and organ systems. Examples: superficial fascia, investing fascia, fat pad. FMA:5023 Organ the unshared parts of which surround one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. Examples: neuraxis, tooth, esophagus, heart, long bone, corpus spongiosum of penis. FMA:55671 UMLS_CUI:C0927229 trak TRAK:0001079 cavitated organ TRAK:0001079 Organ the unshared parts of which surround one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. Examples: neuraxis, tooth, esophagus, heart, long bone, corpus spongiosum of penis. FMA:55671 Organ the unshared parts of which do not surround macroscopic anatomical spaces; only its shared parts (subdivisions of hollow tree organs) contain anatomical spaces. Examples: lung, liver, thymus, ovary, muscle (organ), meninx, superficial fascia, skin. FMA:55670 UMLS_CUI:C0440790 trak TRAK:0001080 solid organ TRAK:0001080 Organ the unshared parts of which do not surround macroscopic anatomical spaces; only its shared parts (subdivisions of hollow tree organs) contain anatomical spaces. Examples: lung, liver, thymus, ovary, muscle (organ), meninx, superficial fascia, skin. FMA:55670 Serous sac, which has as parts a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: synovial bursa, synovial tendon sheath of index finger, synovial capsule of knee joint. FMA:66760 UMLS_CUI:C0933793 trak TRAK:0001081 synovial sac TRAK:0001081 Serous sac, which has as parts a synovial membrane and a synovial cavity. Examples: synovial bursa, synovial tendon sheath of index finger, synovial capsule of knee joint. FMA:66760 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. FMA:7145 UMLS_CUI:C0502331 trak TRAK:0001082 membrane organ TRAK:0001082 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of dense connective tissue organized into a sheet which interconnects two or more organs, separates two or more body spaces from one another, or surrounds an organ or body part. Examples: interosseous membrane of forearm, obturator membrane, tympanic membrane, fibrous pericardium, fascia lata, dura mater. FMA:7145 The high jump is a track and field athletics event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of certain devices. trak TRAK:0001083 high jump TRAK:0001083 The high jump is a track and field athletics event in which competitors must jump over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without the aid of certain devices. Wikipedia:High_Jump The largest nerve of the body. Origin: sacral plexus (L4-S3), it leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. Branches: divides into the tibial and common fibular nerves, usually in lower third of thigh. Modality: general sensory and motor. FMA:19034 UMLS_CUI:C0036394 trak TRAK:0001084 sciatic nerve TRAK:0001084 The largest nerve of the body. Origin: sacral plexus (L4-S3), it leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen. Branches: divides into the tibial and common fibular nerves, usually in lower third of thigh. Modality: general sensory and motor. MedicalDictionary:sciatic+nerve UMLS_CUI:C1283563 subtendinous bursa of gastrocnemius muscle trak TRAK:0001085 bursa of gastrocnemius muscle TRAK:0001085 Pole vaulting is a track and field event in which a person uses a long, flexible pole (which today is usually made either of fiberglass or carbon fiber) as an aid to leap over a bar. trak TRAK:0001086 pole vault TRAK:0001086 Pole vaulting is a track and field event in which a person uses a long, flexible pole (which today is usually made either of fiberglass or carbon fiber) as an aid to leap over a bar. Wikipedia:Pole_Vault Muscle organ which is a part of the trunk. Examples: external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani. FMA:58274 UMLS_CUI:C0581755 trunk muscle trak TRAK:0001087 muscle of trunk TRAK:0001087 Muscle organ which is a part of the trunk. Examples: external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani. FMA:58274 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior. FMA:5022 UMLS_CUI:C0026845 trak TRAK:0001088 muscle organ TRAK:0001088 Nonparenchymatous organ that primarily consists of skeletal muscle tissue aggregated into macroscopic fasciculi by connective tissue; together with other muscles, it constitutes the muscular system. Examples: biceps, diaphragm, masseter, right third external intercostal muscle, external oblique, levator ani, serratus anterior. FMA:5022 FMA:44631 UMLS_CUI:C0348072 lateral meniscus of knee joint trak TRAK:0001089 lateral meniscus TRAK:0001089 FMA:44620 UMLS_CUI:C0348073 medial meniscus of knee joint trak TRAK:0001090 medial meniscus TRAK:0001090 Fat pad that stretches from the posterior superior medial aspect of the tibia to the posterior lateral superior aspect of the tibia. FMA:58624 UMLS_CUI:C0929722 trak TRAK:0001091 popliteal fat pad TRAK:0001091 Ligament organ that primarily consists of regular dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi; connects bone and cartilage organs. Examples: sutural ligament, ligament of pinna, tarsal ligament. FMA:25624 UMLS_CUI:C0818212 trak TRAK:0001092 skeletal ligament TRAK:0001092 Ligament organ that primarily consists of regular dense connective tissue aggregated into fasciculi; connects bone and cartilage organs. Examples: sutural ligament, ligament of pinna, tarsal ligament. FMA:25624 FMA:44580 UMLS_CUI:C0225119 knee joint ligament trak TRAK:0001093 ligament of knee joint TRAK:0001093 Synovial sac which lines the fibrous capsule of a synovial joint. FMA:34836 UMLS_CUI:C0206207 joint capsule trak TRAK:0001094 articular capsule TRAK:0001094 Synovial sac which lines the fibrous capsule of a synovial joint. UMLS:C0206207 FMA:43606 UMLS_CUI:C0834390 trak TRAK:0001095 articular capsule of knee joint TRAK:0001095 Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ. Examples: lingula of left lung, tail of pancreas, artery, trochanter, nodulus of semilunar valve, right side of heart, duodenum, fundus of stomach. FMA:67619 UMLS_CUI:C1180135 trak TRAK:0001096 organ region TRAK:0001096 Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ. Examples: lingula of left lung, tail of pancreas, artery, trochanter, nodulus of semilunar valve, right side of heart, duodenum, fundus of stomach. FMA:67619 Organ region with one or more floating fiat boundaries. Examples: apical zone of lung, superior pole of kidney, gingiva, apex of prostate, ascending colon proper. FMA:55268 UMLS_CUI:C0926974 organ region with floating fiat boundary organ sector zone of organ trak TRAK:0001097 organ zone TRAK:0001097 Organ region with one or more floating fiat boundaries. Examples: apical zone of lung, superior pole of kidney, gingiva, apex of prostate, ascending colon proper. FMA:55268 trak TRAK:0001098 epicondyle of femur TRAK:0001098 FMA:32864 UMLS_CUI:C0223870 epicondylus medialis (femur) trak TRAK:0001099 medial epicondyle of femur TRAK:0001099 FMA:32867 UMLS_CUI:C0223871 epicondylus lateralis (femur) trak TRAK:0001100 lateral epicondyle of femur TRAK:0001100 A large oblong elevation at the proximal end of the tibia to which the ligament of the patella attaches. FMA:35463 UMLS_CUI:C0223896 tibial tubercle tuberosity of tibia trak TRAK:0001101 tibial tuberosity TRAK:0001101 A large oblong elevation at the proximal end of the tibia to which the ligament of the patella attaches. MedicalDictionary:tibial+tuberosity FMA:32870 UMLS_CUI:C0824851 tuberculum adductorium trak TRAK:0001102 adductor tubercle of femur TRAK:0001102 Tibialis is either of two muscles of the calf of the leg. UMLS_CUI:C1710422 trak TRAK:0001103 tibialis TRAK:0001103 One of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris group, situated in the center of the thigh under the rectus femoris. It arises from the front and lateral surfaces of the femur and the medial and lateral intermuscular septa. Its fibers end in a superficial aponeurosis that forms the deep part of the quadriceps femoris tendon, inserted under the patella and onto the tibial tuberosity. It functions with the other three muscles of the quadriceps to extend the leg. Its deepest fibers are called articularis genus. FMA:22433 UMLS_CUI:C0224448 crureus trak TRAK:0001104 vastus intermedius TRAK:0001104 One of the four muscles of the quadriceps femoris group, situated in the center of the thigh under the rectus femoris. It arises from the front and lateral surfaces of the femur and the medial and lateral intermuscular septa. Its fibers end in a superficial aponeurosis that forms the deep part of the quadriceps femoris tendon, inserted under the patella and onto the tibial tuberosity. It functions with the other three muscles of the quadriceps to extend the leg. Its deepest fibers are called articularis genus. MedicalDictionary:vastus+intermedius Anatomical structure, which is a subdivision of a cardinal body part; it may exclude bones; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same cardinal body part by anatomical surfaces or lines or topographical references; together with other contiguous subdivisions of the same cardinal body part, it constitutes a cardinal body part. Examples: thorax, perineum, back of neck, forearm, hand, phalanx, nose, auricle of ear, scrotum. FMA:67504 UMLS_CUI:C1180053 principal body part subdivision subdivision of cardinal body part trak TRAK:0001105 subdivision of body part TRAK:0001105 Anatomical structure, which is a subdivision of a cardinal body part; it may exclude bones; is demarcated from other subdivisions of the same cardinal body part by anatomical surfaces or lines or topographical references; together with other contiguous subdivisions of the same cardinal body part, it constitutes a cardinal body part. Examples: thorax, perineum, back of neck, forearm, hand, phalanx, nose, auricle of ear, scrotum. FMA:67504 FMA:9661 UMLS_CUI:C0504081 limb region region of limb segment of limb subdivision of limb trak TRAK:0001106 limb segment TRAK:0001106 FMA:24877 UMLS_CUI:C0817634 free lower limb segment free lower limb subdivision lower limb segment lower limb subdivision segment of free lower limb segment of lower limb subdivision of free lower limb subdivision of lower limb trak TRAK:0001107 lower limb segment TRAK:0001107 The region of the lower limb between the foot and the leg. FMA:9665 UMLS_CUI:C0003086 trak TRAK:0001108 ankle TRAK:0001108 The region of the lower limb between the foot and the leg. UMLS:C0003086 Distal portion of the leg upon which one stands and walks. In humans it consists of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges and the tissues encompassing them. FMA:9664 UMLS_CUI:C0016504 terminal segment of free lower limb trak TRAK:0001109 foot TRAK:0001109 Distal portion of the leg upon which one stands and walks. In humans it consists of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges and the tissues encompassing them. UMLS:C0016504 The region of the lower limb between the leg and the thigh. FMA:24974 UMLS_CUI:C0022742 trak TRAK:0001110 knee TRAK:0001110 The use of exercises and physical activities to help condition muscles and restore strength and movement. For example, physical therapy can be used to restore arm and shoulder movement and build back strength after breast cancer surgery. UMLS_CUI:C0949766 PT physiotherapy trak TRAK:0001111 physical therapy TRAK:0001111 The use of exercises and physical activities to help condition muscles and restore strength and movement. For example, physical therapy can be used to restore arm and shoulder movement and build back strength after breast cancer surgery. UMLS:C0949766 A flat pyramidal muscle lying almost parallel to the posterior margin of the gluteus medius. It is partly within the pelvis and partly at the back of the hip joint. It is innervated by branches of the first and second sacral nerves and functions to rotate the thigh laterally and to abduct and to help extend it. FMA:19082 UMLS_CUI:C0224429 M.piriformis piriformis muscle trak TRAK:0001112 piriformis TRAK:0001112 A flat pyramidal muscle lying almost parallel to the posterior margin of the gluteus medius. It is partly within the pelvis and partly at the back of the hip joint. It is innervated by branches of the first and second sacral nerves and functions to rotate the thigh laterally and to abduct and to help extend it. MedicalDictionary:piriformis Gerdy's tubercle is a lateral tubercle of the tibia, located where the iliotibial tract inserts. trak TRAK:0001113 Gerdy's tubercle TRAK:0001113 Gerdy's tubercle is a lateral tubercle of the tibia, located where the iliotibial tract inserts. Wikipedia:Gerdy's_tubercle FMA:74846 UMLS_CUI:C1963703 knee region knee subdivision subdivision of knee trak TRAK:0001114 segment of knee TRAK:0001114 FMA:24975 UMLS_CUI:C0817695 anterior geniculate region anterior knee region anterior region of knee trak TRAK:0001115 anterior part of knee TRAK:0001115 FMA:79067 UMLS_CUI:C2336336 trak TRAK:0001116 subdivision of anterior part of knee TRAK:0001116 FMA:79068 UMLS_CUI:C2331759 trak TRAK:0001117 anterior part proper of knee TRAK:0001117 FMA:79064 UMLS_CUI:C2327126 patellar region trak TRAK:0001118 patellar part of knee TRAK:0001118 FMA:79077 UMLS_CUI:C2335720 trak TRAK:0001119 lateral part of knee TRAK:0001119 FMA:79078 UMLS_CUI:C2336855 trak TRAK:0001120 medial part of knee TRAK:0001120 FMA:24976 UMLS_CUI:C0230435 popliteal part of knee popliteal region posterior knee region posterior region of knee trak TRAK:0001121 posterior part of knee TRAK:0001121 FMA:7474 UMLS_CUI:C0222647 trak TRAK:0001122 long bone TRAK:0001122 FMA:7475 UMLS_CUI:C0222648 trak TRAK:0001123 short bone TRAK:0001123 A pair of ligaments which cross over one another, as for example the cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments which tie the femur to the tibia. FMA:44611 UMLS_CUI:C0835268 trak TRAK:0001124 cruciate ligament TRAK:0001124 A pair of ligaments which cross over one another, as for example the cranial and caudal cruciate ligaments which tie the femur to the tibia. MedicalDictionary:cruciate+ligament An extracapsular ligament of the knee. It is Y-shaped and is attached to the fibular head. From there it goes to its two insertions; one goes over m. popliteus and attaches to the intercondylar area of tibia, the other to the lateral epicondyle of femur and blends there with the lateral head of m. gastrocnemius. FMA:44596 UMLS_CUI:C0225125 short lateral genual ligament trak TRAK:0001125 arcuate popliteal ligament TRAK:0001125 An extracapsular ligament of the knee. It is Y-shaped and is attached to the fibular head. From there it goes to its two insertions; one goes over m. popliteus and attaches to the intercondylar area of tibia, the other to the lateral epicondyle of femur and blends there with the lateral head of m. gastrocnemius. FreeDictionary:carcuate+popliteal+ligament Either of two bands, anterior and posterior, that extend upward from the lateral meniscus, pass before and behind the posterior cruciate ligament, and reach the medial condyle of the femur. FMA:44635 UMLS_CUI:C0225131 trak TRAK:0001126 meniscofemoral ligament TRAK:0001126 Either of two bands, anterior and posterior, that extend upward from the lateral meniscus, pass before and behind the posterior cruciate ligament, and reach the medial condyle of the femur. MedicalDictionary:meniscofemoral+ligament A ligament located on either side of a hinge joint such as the knee or wrist that acts as a radius of movement for the joint. UMLS_CUI:C0449054 trak TRAK:0001127 collateral ligament TRAK:0001127 A ligament located on either side of a hinge joint such as the knee or wrist that acts as a radius of movement for the joint. MedicalDictionary:collateral+ligament Anatomical structure, which has as its direct parts instances of one or more organ types which are interconnected with one another by zones of continuity. Examples: skeletal system, cardiovascular system, alimentary system. FMA:7149 UMLS_CUI:C0460002 UMLS_TN:A2.1.4.1 UMLS_TUI:T022 body system trak TRAK:0001128 organ system TRAK:0001128 Anatomical structure, which has as its direct parts instances of one or more organ types which are interconnected with one another by zones of continuity. Examples: skeletal system, cardiovascular system, alimentary system. FMA:7149 The system of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form. FMA:7482 UMLS_CUI:C0026860 musculo-skeletal system trak TRAK:0001129 musculoskeletal system TRAK:0001129 The system of muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones, joints and associated tissues that move the body and maintain its form. UMLS:C0026860 The long jump is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength, and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a take off point. trak TRAK:0001130 long jump TRAK:0001130 The long jump is a track and field event in which athletes combine speed, strength, and agility in an attempt to leap as far as possible from a take off point. Wikipedia:Long_jump Bones and cartilages of the body, including the joints. FMA:23881 UMLS_CUI:C0037253 trak TRAK:0001131 skeletal system TRAK:0001131 Bones and cartilages of the body, including the joints. UMLS:C0037253 The triple jump, sometimes referred to as the hop, step and jump or the hop, skip and jump, is a track and field sport, similar to the long jump, but involving a 'hop, bound and jump': the competitor runs down the track and performs a hop, a bound and then a jump into the sand pit. trak TRAK:0001132 triple jump TRAK:0001132 The triple jump, sometimes referred to as the hop, step and jump or the hop, skip and jump, is a track and field sport, similar to the long jump, but involving a 'hop, bound and jump': the competitor runs down the track and performs a hop, a bound and then a jump into the sand pit. Wikipedia:Triple_Jump Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays. FMA:64781 UMLS_CUI:C0225333 dense fibrous connective tissue dense regular collagenous connective tissue dense regular connective tissue typus regularis (textus connectivus collagenosus compactus) trak TRAK:0001133 dense regular collagenous tissue TRAK:0001133 Regular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which consists predominantly of collagen fiber bundles arranged in parallel arrays. FMA:64781 A membrane lining the external walls of the body cavities and reflected over the surfaces of protruding organs. It consists of mesothelium lying on a connective tissue layer, and secretes a watery exudate. FMA:9581 UMLS_CUI:C0036760 tunica serosa wall of serous sac trak TRAK:0001134 serous membrane TRAK:0001134 A membrane lining the external walls of the body cavities and reflected over the surfaces of protruding organs. It consists of mesothelium lying on a connective tissue layer, and secretes a watery exudate. UMLS:C0036760 Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers. FMA:82482 UMLS_CUI:C0935445 organ wall trak TRAK:0001135 wall of organ TRAK:0001135 Organ component adjacent to an organ cavity and which consists of a maximal aggregate of organ component layers. FMA:82482 FMA:85585 UMLS_CUI:C2323654 trak TRAK:0001136 dense regular collagenous tissue of tendon TRAK:0001136 Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. FMA:20107 UMLS_CUI:C0738365 trak TRAK:0001137 irregular connective tissue TRAK:0001137 Connective tissue, which consists of a population of connective tissue cells, the intercellular matrix of which contains an irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: areolar tissue, mucoid tissue, connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium. FMA:20107 Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular collagenous tissue. FMA:20103 UMLS_CUI:C0738361 trak TRAK:0001138 regular connective tissue TRAK:0001138 Connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts, the intercellular matrix of which contains a regular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: bone (tissue), cartilage (tissue), dense regular collagenous tissue. FMA:20103 The body part defined by the hip joint and surrounding structures, including the region from the iliac crest to the thigh. FMA:24964 UMLS_CUI:C0019552 trak TRAK:0001139 hip TRAK:0001139 The body part defined by the hip joint and surrounding structures, including the region from the iliac crest to the thigh. UMLS:C0019552 The steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics. trak TRAK:0001140 steeplechase TRAK:0001140 The steeplechase is an obstacle race in athletics. Wikipedia:Steeplechase_(athletics) Care over an extended period, usually for a chronic condition or disability, requiring periodic, intermittent, or continuous care. UMLS_CUI:C0023977 trak TRAK:0001141 long-term care TRAK:0001141 Care over an extended period, usually for a chronic condition or disability, requiring periodic, intermittent, or continuous care. UMLS:C0023977 A terminal division of the sciatic nerve, passing through the lateral portion of the popliteal space to opposite the head of the fibula where it divides into the superficial and the deep peroneal nerves. FMA:19039 UMLS_CUI:C0031173 common fibular nerve trak TRAK:0001142 common peroneal nerve TRAK:0001142 A terminal division of the sciatic nerve, passing through the lateral portion of the popliteal space to opposite the head of the fibula where it divides into the superficial and the deep peroneal nerves. MedicalDictionary:common+peroneal+nerve A nerve that arises from the fourth and fifth lumbar nerves and the first sacral nerve and supplies the gluteus medius and minimus muscles and tensor muscle of the broad fascia. FMA:16510 UMLS_CUI:C0228929 trak TRAK:0001143 superior gluteal nerve TRAK:0001143 A nerve that arises from the fourth and fifth lumbar nerves and the first sacral nerve and supplies the gluteus medius and minimus muscles and tensor muscle of the broad fascia. MedicalDictionary:superior+gluteal+nerve Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the neuraxis. Examples: phrenic nerve, radial nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, sciatic nerve. FMA:65239 UMLS_CUI:C0031119 peripheral nerve tree trak TRAK:0001144 peripheral nerve TRAK:0001144 Neural tree (organ) which is directly continuous with the neuraxis. Examples: phrenic nerve, radial nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, sciatic nerve. FMA:65239 A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually L2 to L4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints. FMA:16486 UMLS_CUI:C0015808 anterior crural nerve trak TRAK:0001145 femoral nerve TRAK:0001145 A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually L2 to L4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints. UMLS:C0015808 Tissue which consists of neurons and their processes and neuroglia. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve. FMA:9642 UMLS_CUI:C0027757 nerve tissue nervous tissue trak TRAK:0001146 neural tissue TRAK:0001146 Tissue which consists of neurons and their processes and neuroglia. Examples: Neural tissue of brain, neural tissue of peripheral ganglion, neural tissue of nerve. FMA:9642 Deep fascia in the thigh and gluteal region. FMA:13902 UMLS_CUI:C0015642 trak TRAK:0001147 fascia lata TRAK:0001147 Deep fascia in the thigh and gluteal region. MedicalDictionary:fascia+lata A layer of fascia that closely invests a muscle or ligament. FMA:27935 UMLS_CUI:C0820306 trak TRAK:0001148 investing fascia TRAK:0001148 A layer of fascia that closely invests a muscle or ligament. MedicalDictionary:investing+fascia FMA:57782 UMLS_CUI:C0929136 trak TRAK:0001149 investing fascia of limb TRAK:0001149 FMA:57783 UMLS_CUI:C0929137 trak TRAK:0001150 investing fascia of lower limb TRAK:0001150 A complex hinge joint between tibia and femur. femorotibial compartment tibiofemoral compartment FMA:43571 UMLS_CUI:C0447795 femorotibial joint trak TRAK:0001151 tibiofemoral joint TRAK:0001151 Cardinal organ part which is bounded predominantly by bonafide boundaries. Examples: lobe of lung, osteon, acinus, submucosa, anterior leaflet of mitral valve, capsule of kidney, cortical bone, muscle fasciculus. FMA:14065 UMLS_CUI:C0507777 femorotibial joint trak TRAK:0001152 organ component TRAK:0001152 Cardinal organ part which is bounded predominantly by bonafide boundaries. Examples: lobe of lung, osteon, acinus, submucosa, anterior leaflet of mitral valve, capsule of kidney, cortical bone, muscle fasciculus. FMA:14065 A complete set of joints between bones. FMA:23878 UMLS_CUI:C0392905 joint system set of joints of body trak TRAK:0001153 articular system TRAK:0001153 Organ system which consists of the heart, the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous system, the lymphatic and the portal venous system. FMA:7161 UMLS_CUI:C0007226 trak TRAK:0001154 cardiovascular system TRAK:0001154 Organ system which consists of the heart, the systemic and pulmonary arterial and venous system, the lymphatic and the portal venous system. FMA:7161 The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses. FMA:7157 UMLS_CUI:C0027763 trak TRAK:0001155 nervous system TRAK:0001155 The entire nerve apparatus, composed of a central part, the brain and spinal cord, and a peripheral part, the cranial and spinal nerves, autonomic ganglia, and plexuses. UMLS:C0027763 Anatomical systems of structures outside the brain and spinal cord composed of neural tissue. FMA:9903 UMLS_CUI:C0206417 trak TRAK:0001156 peripheral nervous system TRAK:0001156 Anatomical systems of structures outside the brain and spinal cord composed of neural tissue. UMLS:C0206417 Deep fascial system comprises an intricate series of connective sheets and bands that hold the muscles and other structures in place throughout the body, wrapping the muscles in gray, feltlike membranes. FMA:79063 UMLS_CUI:C2339393 trak TRAK:0001157 deep fascial system TRAK:0001157 Deep fascial system comprises an intricate series of connective sheets and bands that hold the muscles and other structures in place throughout the body, wrapping the muscles in gray, feltlike membranes. MedicalDictionary:deep+fascia The shot put is a track and field event involving throwing in a pushing motion a heavy spherical object as far as possible. trak TRAK:0001158 shot put TRAK:0001158 The shot put is a track and field event involving throwing in a pushing motion a heavy spherical object as far as possible. Wikipedia:Shot_Put The discus throw is an event in track and field athletics competition, in which an athlete throws a heavy disc in an attempt to mark a farther distance than his or her competitors. trak TRAK:0001159 discus throw TRAK:0001159 The discus throw is an event in track and field athletics competition, in which an athlete throws a heavy disc in an attempt to mark a farther distance than his or her competitors. Wikipedia:Discus_Throw Origin: sciatic nerve in lower part of thigh. Branches: interosseous nerve of leg, medial cutaneous nerve of calf, sural nerve, and medial and lateral plantar nerves, and muscular and medial calcaneal branches. Distribution: while still incorporated in the sciatic nerve, it supplies the semimembranous and semitendinous muscles, long head of biceps, and great adductor muscle; it supplies the knee joint as it descends in the popliteal fossa and, continuing into the leg, supplies the muscles and skin of the calf and sole of the foot, and the toes. Modality: general sensory and motor. FMA:19035 UMLS_CUI:C0040186 medial popliteal nerve trak TRAK:0001160 tibial nerve TRAK:0001160 Origin: sciatic nerve in lower part of thigh. Branches: interosseous nerve of leg, medial cutaneous nerve of calf, sural nerve, and medial and lateral plantar nerves, and muscular and medial calcaneal branches. Distribution: while still incorporated in the sciatic nerve, it supplies the semimembranous and semitendinous muscles, long head of biceps, and great adductor muscle; it supplies the knee joint as it descends in the popliteal fossa and, continuing into the leg, supplies the muscles and skin of the calf and sole of the foot, and the toes. Modality: general sensory and motor. MedicalDictionary:tibial+nerve The superficial longitudinal muscle mass on either side of the vertebral column. It is sheathed in the fascia thoracolumbalis and arises in a broad, thick tendon from the sacrum, the ilium, and the lumbar vertebrae. It inserts into the ribs and into certain cervical vertebrae and is innervated by the branches of the dorsal primary divisions of the spinal nerves. It extends and flexes the vertebral column and the head, draws the ribs downward, and bends the trunk to the side. FMA:71302 UMLS_CUI:C0224301 sacrospinal muscle sacrospinalis trak TRAK:0001161 erector spinae TRAK:0001161 The superficial longitudinal muscle mass on either side of the vertebral column. It is sheathed in the fascia thoracolumbalis and arises in a broad, thick tendon from the sacrum, the ilium, and the lumbar vertebrae. It inserts into the ribs and into certain cervical vertebrae and is innervated by the branches of the dorsal primary divisions of the spinal nerves. It extends and flexes the vertebral column and the head, draws the ribs downward, and bends the trunk to the side. MedicalDictionary:sacrospinalis One of a pair of transverse abdominal muscles that is the anterolateral muscle of the abdomen, lying immediately under the internal abdominal oblique. Arising from the inguinal ligament, the iliac crest, the thoracolumbar fascia, and the last six ribs, it inserts into the linea alba. It serves to constrict the abdomen and, by compressing the contents, to assist in urination, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. FMA:15570 UMLS_CUI:C0224378 transversalis transverse abdominal trak TRAK:0001162 transversus abdominis TRAK:0001162 One of a pair of transverse abdominal muscles that is the anterolateral muscle of the abdomen, lying immediately under the internal abdominal oblique. Arising from the inguinal ligament, the iliac crest, the thoracolumbar fascia, and the last six ribs, it inserts into the linea alba. It serves to constrict the abdomen and, by compressing the contents, to assist in urination, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. MedicalDictionary:transversus+abdominis A muscle with origin from the pubis, with insertion into the xiphoid process and the fifth to seventh costal cartilages, and whose action flexes the vertebral column and draws the chest downward. FMA:9628 UMLS_CUI:C0206066 trak TRAK:0001163 rectus abdominis TRAK:0001163 A muscle with origin from the pubis, with insertion into the xiphoid process and the fifth to seventh costal cartilages, and whose action flexes the vertebral column and draws the chest downward. MedicalDictionary:rectus+abdominis One of a pair of anterolateral muscles of the abdomen, lying under the external oblique muscle in the lateral and ventral part of the abdominal wall. It is smaller and thinner than the external oblique muscle. It functions to compress the abdominal contents and assists in micturition, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. Both muscles acting together serve to flex the vertebral column, drawing the costal cartilages toward the pubis. One side acting alone bends the vertebral column laterally and rotates it, drawing the shoulder of the opposite side downward. FMA:13891 UMLS_CUI:C0224376 internal abdominal oblique muscle obliquus internus abdominis trak TRAK:0001164 internal oblique TRAK:0001164 One of a pair of anterolateral muscles of the abdomen, lying under the external oblique muscle in the lateral and ventral part of the abdominal wall. It is smaller and thinner than the external oblique muscle. It functions to compress the abdominal contents and assists in micturition, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. Both muscles acting together serve to flex the vertebral column, drawing the costal cartilages toward the pubis. One side acting alone bends the vertebral column laterally and rotates it, drawing the shoulder of the opposite side downward. MedicalDictionary:internal+abdominal+oblique+muscle One of a pair of muscles that are the largest and the most superficial of the five anterolateral muscles of the abdomen. It is a broad, thin four-sided muscle that acts to compress the contents of the abdomen and assists in micturition, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. Both sides acting together serve to flex the vertebral column, drawing the pubis toward the xiphoid process. One side alone functions to bend the vertebral column laterally and to rotate it, drawing the shoulder of the same side forward. FMA:13335 UMLS_CUI:C0224375 external abdominal oblique muscle obliquus externus abdominis trak TRAK:0001165 external oblique TRAK:0001165 One of a pair of muscles that are the largest and the most superficial of the five anterolateral muscles of the abdomen. It is a broad, thin four-sided muscle that acts to compress the contents of the abdomen and assists in micturition, defecation, emesis, parturition, and forced expiration. Both sides acting together serve to flex the vertebral column, drawing the pubis toward the xiphoid process. One side alone functions to bend the vertebral column laterally and to rotate it, drawing the shoulder of the same side forward. MedicalDictionary:external+abdominal+oblique+muscle Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the ribcage, thoracic and lumbar vertebral column, sacrum and coccyx, it is partially surrounded by skin of trunk. Examples: There is only one trunk. FMA:7181 UMLS_CUI:C0460005 torso trak TRAK:0001166 trunk TRAK:0001166 Subdivision of body proper, which consists of a maximal set of diverse subclasses of organ and organ part spatially associated with the ribcage, thoracic and lumbar vertebral column, sacrum and coccyx, it is partially surrounded by skin of trunk. Examples: There is only one trunk. FMA:7181 A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole. IAO:0000310 trak TRAK:0001167 document TRAK:0001167 A collection of information content entities intended to be understood together as a whole. IAO:0000310 Start position: Stand on the step. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee until the other foot lightly touches the floor in front. Keep the affected leg on the step and slowly straighten up the affected knee. Variations: adding hand weights. trak TRAK:0001168 step downs TRAK:0001168 Start position: Stand upright on the step. Action: Jump off the step and land with equal weight on both legs. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; altering trunk position. jumping off trak TRAK:0001169 jumping down steps TRAK:0001169 Start position: Stand on the affected leg on the step. Action: Hop off the step and land keeping balance on the affected leg. Variations: catching and throwing a ball. hopping off trak TRAK:0001170 hopping down steps TRAK:0001170 Start position: Stand on the affected leg. Action: Bend the knee and hop to rotate around 45 degrees and land keeping balance on the affected leg. Hop in the other direction. Variations: catching and throwing a ball; on an uneven or unstable surface; adding upper body movements. trak TRAK:0001171 rotational hopping TRAK:0001171 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Jog in a straight line, decelerate on the affected leg then push off at a 45 or 90 degree angle to continue jogging. Repeat the whole sequence in the other direction. trak TRAK:0001172 direction changing jogging TRAK:0001172 Start position: Stand upright with the affected leg slightly behind. Action: Bend the affected knee by curling the heel upwards. Variations: adding weights around the ankle. trak TRAK:0001173 hamstring curl (standing) TRAK:0001173 Start position: Stand and place your affected leg on a step. Action: Lean forward and feel a comfortable stretch down the back of the thigh/knee, hold and then relax. trak TRAK:0001174 hamstring stretch (standing) TRAK:0001174 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Push off using the affected leg, bring the unaffected leg up towards your chest, land on both legs and repeat on the other leg. Variations: upper body movements; landing on one leg. trak TRAK:0001175 high skipping TRAK:0001175 Start position: Stand on the affected leg, sideways to the step. Action: Bend the affected knee so that the other foot lightly touches the ground. Variations: adding hand weights, upper body movements. trak TRAK:0001176 lateral step downs TRAK:0001176 Start position: Stand with the affected leg forward. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee and move the body weight forward onto the affected leg until the knee is flexed 90 degrees and directly above the toes while rotating the upper body to one side, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. Repeat on the other side. trak TRAK:0001177 rotational lunges TRAK:0001177 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Step out to one side and transfer the body weight onto that side with knees slightly bent. Return to the start position. Repeat on the other side. Variations: increasing the speed; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements; adding hand weights. trak TRAK:0001178 side steps TRAK:0001178 Start position: Stand on the affected leg with the unaffected leg extended behind, resting on a step. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee as low as is comfortable and then straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0001179 sprint squats on step TRAK:0001179 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Step with the affected leg forward so the heel touches the ground, transfer the body weight onto this leg. Return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001180 forward stepping TRAK:0001180 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Step with the affected leg backwards so the toes touch the ground, transfer the body weight onto this leg. Return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001181 backward stepping TRAK:0001181 A set of exercises to develop the strength and coordination of core muscles (including abdominal, lower back and pelvic muscles) in order to increase core stability. trak TRAK:0001182 core stability exercise TRAK:0001182 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Lift the unaffected leg off the ground and maintain the balance on the affected leg without dropping the pelvis, using the arms or using the unaffected leg for support. Variations: tighten pelvic floor and lower abdominals; adding hand weights; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements. single leg stance trak TRAK:0001183 single leg balance TRAK:0001183 Start position: Balance on the affected leg. Action: Reach with the unaffected leg forward as far as you can, maintaining balance on the affected leg and then return to the start position. Repeat in the other three directions, i.e. backward and out to both sides, maintaining balance on the affected leg throughout. Variations: throwing and catching a ball. trak TRAK:0001184 star excursion balance TRAK:0001184 A patella baja is an abnormally low lying patella. patella infera trak TRAK:0001185 patella baja TRAK:0001185 An excessive shift of patella toward the outside (lateral) aspect of the knee joint. UMLS_CUI:C2139219 trak TRAK:0001186 lateral shift of patella TRAK:0001186 trak TRAK:0001187 jump take off TRAK:0001187 An excessive tilt of patella toward the outside (lateral) aspect of the knee joint. trak TRAK:0001188 lateral tilt of patella TRAK:0001188 trak TRAK:0001189 jump landing TRAK:0001189 An abnormal shape of the patella is, which may cause the patella to be unstable. HP:0006446 UMLS_CUI:C1849580 kneecap dysplasia patellar dysplasia trak TRAK:0001190 dysplastic patella TRAK:0001190 An abnormally small patella. trak TRAK:0001191 patellar hypertrophy TRAK:0001191 An abnormal shape of the trochlea, where the trochlea is flattened. trak TRAK:0001192 dysplastic trochlea TRAK:0001192 A measurement to related body weight to height in an organisms typically calculated as the weight of an individual divided by the height of that individual squared. CMO:0000105 UMLS_CUI:C1305855 trak TRAK:0001193 body mass index TRAK:0001193 A measurement to related body weight to height in an organisms typically calculated as the weight of an individual divided by the height of that individual squared. CMO:0000105 The vertical measurement of a body. CMO:0000106 UMLS_CUI:C0005890 trak TRAK:0001194 body height TRAK:0001194 The vertical measurement of a body. CMO:0000106 The heaviness or degree to which an entire organism's body is drawn to the earth by gravity. CMO:0000012 UMLS_CUI:C0005910 trak TRAK:0001195 body weight TRAK:0001195 The heaviness or degree to which an entire organism's body is drawn to the earth by gravity. CMO:0000012 The marathon is a long-distance running event with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres. trak TRAK:0001196 marathon TRAK:0001196 The marathon is a long-distance running event with an official distance of 42.195 kilometres. Wikipedia:Marathon Self-regulated modification and/or maintenance of behavior by self-governing of behavioral consequences. Used with disordered or normal populations of all ages. UMLS_CUI:C0086969 trak TRAK:0001197 self-management TRAK:0001197 Self-regulated modification and/or maintenance of behavior by self-governing of behavioral consequences. Used with disordered or normal populations of all ages. UMLS:C0086969 A hypothesis about the course of a disease. OGMS:0000093 UMLS_CUI:C0033325 forecast of outcome trak TRAK:0001198 prognosis TRAK:0001198 A hypothesis about the course of a disease. OGMS:0000093 The medical science, and specialty practice, concerned with all aspects of disease, but with special reference to the essential nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions, as well as the structural and functional changes that result from the disease processes. Informally used to mean the result of such an examination. UMLS_CUI:C0030664 trak TRAK:0001199 pathology TRAK:0001199 The medical science, and specialty practice, concerned with all aspects of disease, but with special reference to the essential nature, causes, and development of abnormal conditions, as well as the structural and functional changes that result from the disease processes. Informally used to mean the result of such an examination. UMLS:C0030664 A form of therapy that employs a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those experiencing pain. UMLS_CUI:C0002766 trak TRAK:0001200 pain management TRAK:0001200 A form of therapy that employs a coordinated and interdisciplinary approach for easing the suffering and improving the quality of life of those experiencing pain. UMLS:C0002766 In medicine, a process to restore mental and/or physical abilities lost to injury or disease, in order to function in a normal or near-normal way. UMLS_CUI:C0034991 trak TRAK:0001201 rehabilitation therapy TRAK:0001201 In medicine, a process to restore mental and/or physical abilities lost to injury or disease, in order to function in a normal or near-normal way. UMLS:C0034991 RICE is a first-aid treatment method for soft tissue injuries which is an acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation trak TRAK:0001202 RICE TRAK:0001202 RICE is a first-aid treatment method for soft tissue injuries which is an acronym for Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation. Wikipedia:RICE_(medicine) Therapy dealing with lifestyle management and includes: behavioral and dietary modifications, exercise, stress management, and addiction control. This therapy must be used as major adjunct to 'standard care' or be applied as alternative treatment to conventional medicine practices. UMLS_CUI:C1517876 lifestyle change therapy trak TRAK:0001203 lifestyle therapy TRAK:0001203 Therapy dealing with lifestyle management and includes: behavioral and dietary modifications, exercise, stress management, and addiction control. This therapy must be used as major adjunct to 'standard care' or be applied as alternative treatment to conventional medicine practices. UMLS:C1517876 The expected function of a member of a particular profession. role BFO:snap:Role UMLS_CUI:C0949640 UMLS_TN:T097 UMLS_TUI:A2.9.1 professional or occupational group trak TRAK:0001204 professional role TRAK:0001204 The expected function of a member of a particular profession. UMLS:C0949640 A doctor who specializes in the care of the foot and ankle. UMLS_CUI:C0260145 trak TRAK:0001205 podiatrist TRAK:0001205 A doctor who specializes in the care of the foot and ankle. UMLS:C0260145 A person trained in pharmacy that prepares and dispenses drugs prescribed by physicians and health practitioners. The responsibilities include instructing patients on the use, hazards, interactions, and side effects of any drug dispensed. UMLS_CUI:C0031323 trak TRAK:0001206 pharmacist TRAK:0001206 A person trained in pharmacy that prepares and dispenses drugs prescribed by physicians and health practitioners. The responsibilities include instructing patients on the use, hazards, interactions, and side effects of any drug dispensed. UMLS:C0031323 An orthotist is a healthcare professional who specialises in the use of devices (orthoses) to support weakened joints, correct deformities and reduce pain and strain when the affected joints are being used in everyday life. UMLS_CUI:C0586952 trak TRAK:0001207 orthotist TRAK:0001207 Orthopedic surgeons are healthcare professionals who use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal trauma, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and congenital disorders. UMLS_CUI:C0334891 orthopaedic surgeon orthopedist trak TRAK:0001208 orthopedic surgeon TRAK:0001208 Orthopedic surgeons are healthcare professionals who use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal trauma, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, tumors, and congenital disorders. Wikipedia:Orthopedic_surgery A professional trained and qualified to provide nutritional services at individual, institutional and community levels in term of assessing nutritional needs and coordinating them with medical ones, developing and implementing nutrition programs, evaluation and reporting their results, as well as to educate people on healthy eating, and diseases prevention and treatment by means of dietary modifications. UMLS_CUI:C0237083 dietician dietitian trak TRAK:0001209 nutritionist TRAK:0001209 A professional trained and qualified to provide nutritional services at individual, institutional and community levels in term of assessing nutritional needs and coordinating them with medical ones, developing and implementing nutrition programs, evaluation and reporting their results, as well as to educate people on healthy eating, and diseases prevention and treatment by means of dietary modifications. UMLS:C0237083 Physicians whose practice is not restricted to a specific field of medicine. UMLS_CUI:C0017319 GP general physician general practice physician trak TRAK:0001210 general practitioner TRAK:0001210 Physicians whose practice is not restricted to a specific field of medicine. UMLS:C0017319 An individual trained and certified to apply knowledge of the concepts, principles, and practices of physical therapy for the treatment or prevention of physical disability or disease. Physical therapist plans and carries out treatment utilizing therapeutic exercise, massage, and physical agents such as air, water, electricity, sound, and radiant energy; performs tests and measurements involving manual or electrical means; and interpret results. Therapist also devises adaptations of equipment to meet the specific needs of patients. UMLS_CUI:C2362565 PT physiotherapist trak TRAK:0001211 physical therapist TRAK:0001211 An individual trained and certified to apply knowledge of the concepts, principles, and practices of physical therapy for the treatment or prevention of physical disability or disease. Physical therapist plans and carries out treatment utilizing therapeutic exercise, massage, and physical agents such as air, water, electricity, sound, and radiant energy; performs tests and measurements involving manual or electrical means; and interpret results. Therapist also devises adaptations of equipment to meet the specific needs of patients. UMLS:C2362565 A personal trainer is a fitness professional involved in exercise prescription and instruction. trak TRAK:0001212 personal trainer TRAK:0001212 A personal trainer is a fitness professional involved in exercise prescription and instruction. Wikipedia:Personal_trainer A health professional trained to care for people who are ill or disabled. UMLS_CUI:C0028661 trak TRAK:0001213 nurse TRAK:0001213 A health professional trained to care for people who are ill or disabled. UMLS:C0028661 Administration using positive pressure and a needle or other equipment to drive a therapeutic agent into the body. UMLS_CUI:C0021485 trak TRAK:0001214 injection of therapeutic agent TRAK:0001214 A substance used in the treatment or prevention of pathologic disorders. This includes substances that occur naturally in the body and are administered therapeutically. UMLS_CUI:C1254351 UMLS_TN:A1.4.1.1.1 UMLS_TUI:T121 trak TRAK:0001215 pharmacologic substance TRAK:0001215 A substance used in the treatment or prevention of pathologic disorders. This includes substances that occur naturally in the body and are administered therapeutically. UMLS:T121 A natural or synthetic analogue of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. CHEBI:50858 UMLS_CUI:C0001617 trak TRAK:0001216 corticosteroid TRAK:0001216 A natural or synthetic analogue of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. CHEBI:50858 A group of drugs that decrease fever, swelling, pain, and redness. UMLS_CUI:C0003211 NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug trak TRAK:0001217 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent TRAK:0001217 A group of drugs that decrease fever, swelling, pain, and redness. UMLS:C0003211 A drug that reduces pain and fever (but not inflammation). It belongs to the family of drugs called analgesics. CHEBI:46195 UMLS_CUI:C0000970 paracetamol trak TRAK:0001218 acetaminophen TRAK:0001218 A drug that reduces pain and fever (but not inflammation). It belongs to the family of drugs called analgesics. UMLS:C0000970 Chemically modified sodium hyaluronate jelly used in reducing postsurgical tendon adhesions. UMLS_CUI:C0939234 hylan G-F 20 hylan sodium synvisc trak TRAK:0001219 hylan TRAK:0001219 Amino sugar derivative of glucose, substituted at the 2 position, occurring in glycosaminoglycans and a variety of complex polysaccharides such as blood group substances. CHEBI:5417 UMLS_CUI:C0017718 2-amino-2-deoxy-glucose 2-amino-2-deoxyglucose trak TRAK:0001220 glucosamine TRAK:0001220 Amino sugar derivative of glucose, substituted at the 2 position, occurring in glycosaminoglycans and a variety of complex polysaccharides such as blood group substances. UMLS:C0017718 Oil obtained from fresh livers of the cod family, Gadidae. It is a source of VITAMIN A and VITAMIN D. UMLS_CUI:C0009213 trak TRAK:0001221 cod liver oil TRAK:0001221 Oil obtained from fresh livers of the cod family, Gadidae. It is a source of VITAMIN A and VITAMIN D. UMLS:C0009213 A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family. OGMS:0000015 UMLS_CUI:C0262926 medical history trak TRAK:0001222 clinical history TRAK:0001222 A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family. OGMS:0000015 Sprints are short running events in track and field athletics. trak TRAK:0001223 sprint TRAK:0001223 Sprints are short running events in track and field athletics. Wikipedia:Sprint_(running) Middle distance running events are track races longer than sprints, up to 3000 metres. The standard middle distances are the 800 metres, 1500 metres and mile run, although the 3000 metres may also be classified as a middle distance event. trak TRAK:0001224 middle distance running TRAK:0001224 Middle distance running events are track races longer than sprints, up to 3000 metres. The standard middle distances are the 800 metres, 1500 metres and mile run, although the 3000 metres may also be classified as a middle distance event. Wikipedia:Middle_distance Standard long distance running events are races 5000 metres or 10000 metres long. long distance running trak TRAK:0001225 standard long distance running TRAK:0001225 Standard long distance running events are races 5000 metres or 10000 metres long. Wikipedia:Long-distance_track_event A muscle with origin from the sacrum, the sacroiliac ligament, the lumbar vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae, and the last four cervical vertebrae, with insertion into the spinous processes of all the vertebrae up to and including the axis, with nerve supply from the dorsal branches of the spinal nerve, and whose action rotates the vertebral column. FMA:22827 UMLS_CUI:C0224319 trak TRAK:0001226 multifidus TRAK:0001226 A muscle with origin from the sacrum, the sacroiliac ligament, the lumbar vertebrae, the thoracic vertebrae, and the last four cervical vertebrae, with insertion into the spinous processes of all the vertebrae up to and including the axis, with nerve supply from the dorsal branches of the spinal nerve, and whose action rotates the vertebral column. MedicalDictionary:multifidus Treatment with any substance, other than food, that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition. UMLS_CUI:C0013216 trak TRAK:0001227 pharmacotherapy TRAK:0001227 Treatment with any substance, other than food, that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a disease or abnormal condition. UMLS:C0013216 The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth. UMLS_CUI:C0001563 trak TRAK:0001228 oral administration TRAK:0001228 The giving of drugs, chemicals, or other substances by mouth. UMLS:C0001563 EQ-5D is a standardised measure of health status developed by the EuroQol Group in order to provide a simple, generic measure of health for clinical and economic appraisal. UMLS_CUI:C2733251 EuroQoL five dimension questionnaire trak TRAK:0001229 EQ-5D TRAK:0001229 EQ-5D is a standardised measure of health status developed by the EuroQol Group in order to provide a simple, generic measure of health for clinical and economic appraisal. Wikipedia:EQ-5D An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATO:0000186 trak TRAK:0001230 behavioral quality TRAK:0001230 An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's behavior aggregate of the responses or reactions or movements in a given situation. PATO:0000186 A document with a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. OBI:0001000 UMLS_CUI:C0034394 trak TRAK:0001231 questionnaire TRAK:0001231 A document with a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. OBI:0001000 Start position: Kneel down on all fours. Action: Find the neutral position of the spine by tilting the pelvis backwards and forwards and finding a position midway between. Tighten the pelvic floor and lower abdominal muscles, maintain this position and raise and extend the affected leg. Slowly return the affected leg to the start position whilst maintaining the neutral spinal position. Variations: adding arm movements. trak TRAK:0001232 leg extension on all fours TRAK:0001232 Start position: Lie on back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Find the neutral position of your spine by tilting the pelvis backwards and forwards and settling into a position midway between the two. There will be a small gap beneath the lower back. Actions: Tighten pelvic floor and abdominal muscles whilst maintaining the neutral spine position throughout the exercise. Slowly let one knee roll out to the side, then return it back to the starting position. Repeat on the other side. trak TRAK:0001233 bent knee fall out TRAK:0001233 Start position: Lie down on the back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Action: Lift pelvis off the ground by pushing through feet, hold this position and then return to the start position. Variations: adding neutral spine position; extending the unaffected knee; placing feet on a step or a gym ball. UMLS_CUI:C0454350 trak TRAK:0001234 bridging TRAK:0001234 Start position: Lie down on back with affected knee bent and foot on the floor, the other leg extended out and off the ground. Action: Lift pelvis off the ground by pushing through the foot of the affected leg, then slowly return to the start position. Variations: adding neutral spine position; placing foot on a step or a gym ball. trak TRAK:0001235 bridging on one leg TRAK:0001235 Start position: Lie down on the side with the affected side uppermost and knees bent to 90 degrees. Rotate the affected knee upwards as far as possible without moving pelvis. Return to the start position. Variations: lifting the uppermost leg so the feet are slightly apart. trak TRAK:0001236 clam TRAK:0001236 Start position: Lie down on the back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Find the neutral spine position by tilting the pelvis backwards and forwards and settling into a position midway between the two. There will be a small gap beneath the lower back. Action: Tighten pelvic floor and abdominal muscles whilst maintaining the neutral spine position throughout the exercise. Slowly extend the knee out straight and then return it back to the start position. Repeat on the other side. trak TRAK:0001237 leg lift TRAK:0001237 Start position: Stand upright with feet apart. Action: Squat down keeping the spine in a neutral position, pick up the weights from the floor, straighten the knees and hips to an upright position. trak TRAK:0001238 dead lift TRAK:0001238 Start position: Sit down with legs extended, the upper body slightly reclined and the ankle of the affected leg resting on a ball. Action: Push the affected knee towards the floor, tensing the front thigh muscles, hold and relax. trak TRAK:0001239 knee extension TRAK:0001239 Start position: Sit upright with legs straight out in front. Action: Bend the affected knee as much as possible, hold and then slowly return to the start position. Variation: on a low friction surface that allows the foot to slide easily. trak TRAK:0001240 knee flexion TRAK:0001240 Start position: Lie down or sit upright with legs straight out in front. Action: Bend the affected knee as much as possible and apply pressure to the front of the affected leg to bend the knee more. This can be done using elastic resistance, a towel or hands. trak TRAK:0001241 knee flexion overpressure TRAK:0001241 Start position: Stand with the affected leg behind, knee straight, heel on the ground and foot pointing forward so that there is a comfortable stretch in the calf. Action: Hold this position. trak TRAK:0001242 gastrocnemius stretch TRAK:0001242 Start position: Lie on back with knees bent. Action: Lift the affected leg, flexing at the hip and allowing the knee to rotate outwards. Rest the outer border of the ankle against the unaffected knee so that there is a comfortable stretch on the outer thigh. Variations: flexing the unaffected hip to increase the stretch. trak TRAK:0001243 gluteus stretch TRAK:0001243 Start position: Lie on front. Action: Curl the heel of the affected leg upwards. Variations: adding weights around the ankle. prone hamstring curl trak TRAK:0001244 hamstring curl (lying) TRAK:0001244 Start position: Lie on back. Action: Bend the affected knee towards the chest. Hold this position by placing both hands around the back of the thigh. Straighten the knee until a comfortable stretch is felt behind the knee or lower thigh. trak TRAK:0001245 hamstring stretch (lying) TRAK:0001245 Start position: Stand upright. Action: Rise up on the toes then lower to the start position. Variations: standing with heels overhanging the end of a step; adding hand weights. trak TRAK:0001246 heel raise TRAK:0001246 Start position: Stand upright and balance on the affected leg with the knee bent slightly. Support can be provided by holding on to a fixed surface. Action: Rise up on the toes keeping the knee bent then lower to the start position. Variations: standing with heels overhanging the end of a step; adding hand weights. trak TRAK:0001247 single-leg bent-knee heel raise TRAK:0001247 Start position: Stand upright and balance on the affected leg. Support can be provided by holding on to a fixed surface. Action: Rise up on the toes then lower to the start position. Variations: standing with heels overhanging the end of a step; adding hand weights. trak TRAK:0001248 single-leg straight-knee heel raise TRAK:0001248 Start position: Sit down with legs extended and the affected knee slightly bent with support underneath. Action: Push the back of knee against the support, tensing the front thigh muscles to straighten the knee. IRQ trak TRAK:0001249 inner range quadriceps exercise TRAK:0001249 Start position: Sit upright in a chair with the elastic resistance looped around both ankles. Action: Straighten the injured knee. Slowly return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001250 resisted knee extension TRAK:0001250 Start position: Sit upright in a chair with the injured leg crossed in front of the other leg. Action: Push the injured leg against the other leg and do not allow the position of the injured leg to change. trak TRAK:0001251 isometric hamstring exercise TRAK:0001251 Start position: Sit upright in a chair with the elastic resistance looped around the ankle of the injured leg. Assistance is required to hold the elastic resistance in front. The knee is extended in front. Action: Bend the injured knee against the resistance. Slowly return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001252 resisted knee flexion TRAK:0001252 Start position: Lie down on front with the ankle of the affected leg resting on a ball. Action: Push the leg onto the ball to straighten the affected knee, hold and relax. trak TRAK:0001253 prone knee extension TRAK:0001253 Start position: Stand with the affected leg forward holding hand weights. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee and move the body weight forward onto the affected leg until the knee is flexed 90 degrees and directly above the toes, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. trak TRAK:0001254 forward lunges with weights TRAK:0001254 Start position: Lie on back with knees bent and feet on the floor. Place hands on lower abdominals. Find the neutral spine position by tilting the pelvis backwards and forwards and settling into a position midway between the two. There will be a small gap beneath the lower back. Action: Tighten pelvic floor muscles and then the lower abdominal muscles. Spine and pelvis position should not change. Hold this position and then relax. Variations: sitting, standing. trak TRAK:0001255 neutral spine control TRAK:0001255 Start position: Stand upright holding hand weights. Action: Lift the unaffected leg off the ground and maintain the balance on the affected leg without dropping the pelvis, using the arms or using the unaffected leg for support. trak TRAK:0001257 single leg balance with weights TRAK:0001257 Start position: Balance on the affected leg holding a ball. Action: Maintain balance on the affected leg whilst throwing and catching a ball. trak TRAK:0001258 single leg balance with ball TRAK:0001258 Start position: Lie down on front. Action: Raise the upper body off the ground, hold and then relax. trak TRAK:0001259 prone extension TRAK:0001259 Start position: Lie down on front. Action: Lift the affected leg off the ground with a straight knee without allowing the pelvis to move. Variations: adding ankle weights or elastic resistance. trak TRAK:0001260 prone straight-knee hip extension TRAK:0001260 Start position: Lie down on front with the affected knee bent to a right angle. Action: Lift the affected leg off the ground without allowing the pelvis to move. Variations: adding ankle weights or elastic resistance. trak TRAK:0001261 prone bent-knee hip extension TRAK:0001261 Start position: Stand upright and balance on the unaffected leg. Action: Hold the front of the foot of the affected leg and bend the knee. Feel a comfortable stretch along the front of the thigh. trak TRAK:0001262 quadriceps stretch (standing) TRAK:0001262 Start position: Lie on front. Action: Hold the front of the foot of the affected leg and bend the knee. Feel a comfortable stretch along the front of the thigh. trak TRAK:0001263 quadriceps stretch (lying) TRAK:0001263 Start position: Lie on either side with knees bent and the upper body raised off the ground by resting on a flexed elbow and forearm. Action: Engage pelvic floor and lower abdominal muscles. Press through your supporting arm and straighten legs to lift your pelvis off the ground, to make a straight line between your shoulders, pelvis and legs. trak TRAK:0001264 side plank TRAK:0001264 Start position: Sit upright in a chair with feet on floor. Action: Lift the foot off the ground to straighten the affected knee. Slowly return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001265 knee extension (sitting) TRAK:0001265 Start position: Stand in a step with the affected leg behind and equal body weight on both legs. Action: Keep the heels on the ground and feet pointing forward and slightly bend the knees so that there is a comfortable stretch in the lower calf of the affected leg. Hold this position. trak TRAK:0001266 soleus stretch (standing) TRAK:0001266 Start position: Stand on the affected leg with the unaffected leg extended behind, resting on a supporting surface. Action: Slowly bend the affected knee as low as is comfortable and then straighten knees back to the start position. Variations: adding hand weights; varying the trunk angle; adding calf raises when rising from the squat; on an uneven or unstable surface; throwing a ball at a target; adding upper body movements; using a step to support the unaffected leg. trak TRAK:0001267 sprint squats TRAK:0001267 Start position: Stand upright holding hand weights with feet shoulder width apart. Action: Slowly bend knees until the thighs are parallel to the floor, then slowly straighten knees back to the start position. loaded squats trak TRAK:0001268 squats with weights TRAK:0001268 Start position: Sit down with legs extended and the upper body slightly reclined. Action: Push the back of the affected knee against the floor, tensing the front thigh muscles and hold. Relax and return to the start position. trak TRAK:0001269 static quadriceps exercise TRAK:0001269 Start position: Stand upright with feet shoulder width apart holding hand weights. Action: Step out to one side slowly bending the affected knee and moving the body weight forward onto the affected leg until the knee is flexed 90 degrees and directly above the toes, then slowly return to the start position. Repeat on the other side. UMLS_CUI:C2019591 trak TRAK:0001270 sideway lunges with weights TRAK:0001270 Start position: Lie on the side with the unaffected knee bent below and the affected leg straight. Action: Lift the affected leg upwards without moving the pelvis. Variations: tighten lower abdominals. trak TRAK:0001271 straight leg hip abduction TRAK:0001271 Start position: Sit down with legs extended and the upper body slightly reclined. Action: Push the back of the affected knee against the floor, tensing the front thigh muscles and lift the straight leg about 20cm off the ground. Hold and then slowly lower the leg. trak TRAK:0001272 straight leg raise TRAK:0001272 Start position: Stand with elastic resistance looped around the ankle of the affected leg and under the foot of the unaffected leg. Action: Lift the heel of the affected leg upwards to bend the knee without moving it forward. Variations: adding ankle weights. trak TRAK:0001273 resisted hamstring curl TRAK:0001273 Start position: Stand with elastic resistance looped around the ankles. Action: Move the affected leg away from the body and behind while maintaining an upright posture. trak TRAK:0001274 resisted hip abduction/extension TRAK:0001274 Start position: Stand with elastic resistance looped around the ankles. Action: Move the affected leg sideways away from the body while maintaining an upright posture. trak TRAK:0001275 resisted hip abduction TRAK:0001275 Start position: Stand with elastic resistance looped around the ankles. Action: Move the affected behind the body while maintaining an upright posture. trak TRAK:0001276 resisted hip extension TRAK:0001276 Start position: Lie on the side of the affected leg and the unaffected leg bent on top. Action: Lift the affected leg upwards without rotating the spine or pelvis. Variations: adding ankle weights. trak TRAK:0001277 under leg lift TRAK:0001277 A set of aerobic exercises designed to improve the cardiovascular system, which consists of stepping on and off a special box of adjustable height. trak TRAK:0001278 steps TRAK:0001278 A set of aerobic exercises designed to improve the cardiovascular system, which consists of stepping on and off a special box of adjustable height. FreeDictionary:step External application of water for therapeutic purposes. UMLS_CUI:C0020311 trak TRAK:0001279 hydrotherapy TRAK:0001279 External application of water for therapeutic purposes. UMLS:C0020311 A quality which inheres in an process. PATO:0001236 quality of a process quality of occurrent quality of process relational quality of occurrent trak TRAK:0001280 process quality TRAK:0001280 A quality which inheres in an process. PATO:0001236 A data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. IAO:0000027 trak TRAK:0001281 data item TRAK:0001281 A data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. IAO:0000027 The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process. OGMS:0000073 UMLS_CUI:C0011900 trak TRAK:0001282 diagnosis TRAK:0001282 The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process. OGMS:0000073 The crossover cut is a maneuver in which the swing limb crosses over the stance limb, toward the new plane of progression. trak TRAK:0001283 crossover cut TRAK:0001283 The crossover cut is a maneuver in which the swing limb crosses over the stance limb, toward the new plane of progression. PMID:14573369 A body conditioning routine that may help build flexibility, muscle strength, and endurance in the legs, abdominals, arms, hips, and back. It puts emphasis on spinal and pelvic alignment, breathing, and developing a strong core or center, and improving coordination and balance. UMLS_CUI:C2977578 trak TRAK:0001284 pilates TRAK:0001284 A body conditioning routine that may help build flexibility, muscle strength, and endurance in the legs, abdominals, arms, hips, and back. It puts emphasis on spinal and pelvic alignment, breathing, and developing a strong core or center, and improving coordination and balance. Wikipedia:Pilates Exercises designed to tone, strengthen and align the body through postures performed to make the spine supple and healthy and to promote blood flow to all the organs, glands, and tissues. UMLS_CUI:C2979879 trak TRAK:0001285 yoga TRAK:0001285 Exercises designed to tone, strengthen and align the body through postures performed to make the spine supple and healthy and to promote blood flow to all the organs, glands, and tissues. MedicalDictionary:Yoga+exercise UMLS_CUI:C0454306 trak TRAK:0001286 exercise class TRAK:0001286 An exercise performed on a knee flexion resistance machine. weight resisted leg curl weight resisted leg flexion trak TRAK:0001287 weight resisted knee flexion TRAK:0001287 An exercise performed on a hip abduction resistance machine. trak TRAK:0001288 weight resisted hip abduction TRAK:0001288 An exercise performed on a hip adduction resistance machine. trak TRAK:0001289 weight resisted hip adduction TRAK:0001289 An exercise performed on a leg press machine. leg press trak TRAK:0001290 leg press exercise TRAK:0001290 An exercise performed on a knee extension resistance machine. weight resisted leg extension trak TRAK:0001291 weight resisted knee extension TRAK:0001291 UMLS_CUI:C2176241 trak TRAK:0001292 one plane medial instability of knee TRAK:0001292 UMLS_CUI:C2176242 trak TRAK:0001293 one plane lateral instability of knee TRAK:0001293 UMLS_CUI:C2176243 trak TRAK:0001294 one plane anterior instability of knee TRAK:0001294 UMLS_CUI:C2176244 trak TRAK:0001295 one plane posterior instability of knee TRAK:0001295 UMLS_CUI:C2109597 trak TRAK:0001296 posteromedial rotary instability of knee TRAK:0001296 UMLS_CUI:C2112521 trak TRAK:0001297 posterolateral rotary instability of knee TRAK:0001297 UMLS_CUI:C2176245 trak TRAK:0001298 anteromedial rotary instability of knee TRAK:0001298 UMLS_CUI:C2176246 trak TRAK:0001299 anterolateral rotary instability of knee TRAK:0001299 The backward curvature of the knee; hyperextension of the knee. HP:0002816 UMLS_CUI:C0546964 genu recurvata trak TRAK:0001300 genu recurvatum TRAK:0001300 The backward curvature of the knee; hyperextension of the knee. MedicalDictionary:genu+recurvatum One of three superficial muscles at the back of the leg, between the soleus and the gastrocnemius. The plantaris is a small muscle that arises from the distal part of the linea aspera of the femur and from the oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint. It has a small fusiform belly, ending in a long, slender tendon that inserts into the calcaneus. The plantaris is innervated by a branch of the tibial nerve containing fibers from the fourth and the fifth lumbar and the first sacral nerves. It plantar-flexes the foot and the leg. FMA:22543 UMLS_CUI:C0242693 trak TRAK:0001301 plantaris TRAK:0001301 One of three superficial muscles at the back of the leg, between the soleus and the gastrocnemius. The plantaris is a small muscle that arises from the distal part of the linea aspera of the femur and from the oblique popliteal ligament of the knee joint. It has a small fusiform belly, ending in a long, slender tendon that inserts into the calcaneus. The plantaris is innervated by a branch of the tibial nerve containing fibers from the fourth and the fifth lumbar and the first sacral nerves. It plantar-flexes the foot and the leg. MedicalDictionary:plantaris A long thin piece of cloth or paper as used for binding or fastening. UMLS_CUI:C0183828 trak TRAK:0001302 biomedical tape TRAK:0001302 A long thin piece of cloth or paper as used for binding or fastening. UMLS:C0183828 Undamaged in any way; whole. RADLEX:RID39115 UMLS_CUI:C0205266 preserved well preserved trak TRAK:0001303 intact TRAK:0001303 Undamaged in any way; whole. UMLS:C0205266 The first (lowest) level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. RADLEX:RID5670 UMLS_CUI:C0547040 minimum trace trak TRAK:0001304 minimal TRAK:0001304 The second level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. RADLEX:RID5671 UMLS_CUI:C2945599 grade 1 grade I little low grade mildly slight slightly trak TRAK:0001305 mild TRAK:0001305 The second level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. UMLS:C2945599 The third level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. RADLEX:RID5672 UMLS_CUI:C0205081 grade 2 grade II trak TRAK:0001306 moderate TRAK:0001306 The fourth level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. RADLEX:RID34299 UMLS_CUI:C1706089 grade 3 grade III intense markedly trak TRAK:0001307 marked TRAK:0001307 The fourth level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. UMLS:C1706089 The fifth (highest) level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. RADLEX:RID5673 UMLS_CUI:C0205082 extreme grade 4 grade IV high grade trak TRAK:0001308 severe TRAK:0001308 The fifth (highest) level of severity in an ordered list based on a five-level scale of minimal, mild, moderate, marked and severe. UMLS:C0205082 RADLEX:RID6050 little signal low signal trak TRAK:0001309 low signal intensity TRAK:0001309 RADLEX:RID6052 high signal increased signal increased signal intensity trak TRAK:0001310 high signal intensity TRAK:0001310 Lesser or smaller in amount, extent or size. RADLEX:RID5691 UMLS_CUI:C0205165 trak TRAK:0001311 minor TRAK:0001311 Lesser or smaller in amount, extent or size. UMLS:C0205165 In pathology, a term that is used to describe a tissue specimen that has a normal appearance. RADLEX:RID13173 UMLS_CUI:C0205307 unremarkable trak TRAK:0001312 normal TRAK:0001312 In pathology, a term that is used to describe a tissue specimen that has a normal appearance. UMLS:C0205307 Subject to little fluctuation; showing little if any change. RADLEX:RID5734 UMLS_CUI:C0205360 trak TRAK:0001313 stable TRAK:0001313 Subject to little fluctuation; showing little if any change. UMLS:C0205360 RADLEX:RID39183 UMLS_CUI:C0443343 trak TRAK:0001314 unstable TRAK:0001314 At or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events. UMLS_CUI:C1279919 trak TRAK:0001315 early TRAK:0001315 At or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events. UMLS:C1279919 RADLEX:RID38799 trak TRAK:0001316 advanced TRAK:0001316 Large in quantity, range or spatial extent. RADLEX:RID5685 UMLS_CUI:C0205231 trak TRAK:0001317 extensive TRAK:0001317 Large in quantity, range or spatial extent. UMLS:C0205231 RADLEX:RID5693 UMLS_CUI:C2348867 trak TRAK:0001318 global TRAK:0001318 RADLEX:RID5689 completely fully total full thickness trak TRAK:0001319 complete TRAK:0001319 RADLEX:RID39268 trak TRAK:0001320 unchanged TRAK:0001320 Being or affecting only a part of something. RADLEX:RID5687 UMLS_CUI:C0728938 incomplete partial thickness trak TRAK:0001321 partial TRAK:0001321 Being or affecting only a part of something. UMLS:C0728938 RADLEX:RID5738 composition trak TRAK:0001322 composition descriptor TRAK:0001322 trak TRAK:0001323 significant TRAK:0001323 RADLEX:RID39112 trak TRAK:0001324 insignificant TRAK:0001324 Osgood-Schlatter disease is a traction apophysitis of the anterior tibial tubercle described in active adolescents and characterized by gradual onset of pain and swelling of the anterior knee causing limping that usually disappears at the end of growth. ORDO:Orphanet_97335 RADLEX:RID5377 UMLS_CUI:C0029376 Osgood Schlatter's disease Osgood Schlatters disease apophysitis of the tibial tubercle osteochondrosis of the tibial tubercle trak TRAK:0001325 Osgood-Schlatter disease TRAK:0001325 RADLEX:RID6330 trak TRAK:0001326 cartilaginous TRAK:0001326 RADLEX:RID39162 trak TRAK:0001327 progressive TRAK:0001327 RADLEX:RID5739 trak TRAK:0001328 cystic TRAK:0001328 RADLEX:RID28453 UMLS_CUI:C0205307 trak TRAK:0001329 abnormal TRAK:0001329 A condition which occurs when a synovial plica becomes irritated, enlarged or inflamed. UMLS_CUI:C0224495 plica syndrome trak TRAK:0001330 synovial plica syndrome TRAK:0001330 A condition which occurs when a synovial plica becomes irritated, enlarged or inflamed. Wikipedia:Plica_syndrome Soft, pulpy tissue; found in the marrow cavities of all bones and in the larger Haversian canal of lamellar bone; occurs in two forms, yellow and red marrow. In old age, undergoes degeneration, termed gelatinous marrow. FMA:9608 UMLS_CUI:C0005953 trak TRAK:0001331 bone marrow TRAK:0001331 Soft, pulpy tissue; found in the marrow cavities of all bones and in the larger Haversian canal of lamellar bone; occurs in two forms, yellow and red marrow. In old age, undergoes degeneration, termed gelatinous marrow. FMA:9608 FMA:9660 UMLS_CUI:C0836909 FCL fibula collateral ligament fibulocollateral ligament trak TRAK:0001332 fibular collateral ligament TRAK:0001332 Anatomical compartment which has as its parts an articular capsule surrounding the joint cavity (or joint compartment space) and the content of that space which includes the synovial capsule. compartment FMA:7939 UMLS_CUI:C0502723 joint cavity trak TRAK:0001333 joint compartment TRAK:0001333 Anatomical compartment which has as its parts an articular capsule surrounding the joint cavity (or joint compartment space) and the content of that space which includes the synovial capsule. FMA:7939 UMLS_CUI:C0447798 compartment of knee compartment of knee joint knee compartment trak TRAK:0001334 knee joint compartment TRAK:0001334 lateral compartment lateral weight bearing compartment UMLS_CUI:C0447800 lateral knee compartment lateral knee joint compartment trak TRAK:0001335 lateral compartment of knee joint TRAK:0001335 medial compartment medial weight bearing compartment UMLS_CUI:C0447799 medial knee compartment medial knee joint compartment trak TRAK:0001336 medial compartment of knee joint TRAK:0001336 Organismal continuant entity which is enclosed by the bona fide boundary of an organism or is an attribute of its structural organization. FMA:62955 UMLS_CUI:C1179477 trak TRAK:0001337 anatomical entity TRAK:0001337 Organismal continuant entity which is enclosed by the bona fide boundary of an organism or is an attribute of its structural organization. FMA:62955 Physical anatomical entity which is a three-dimensional space, surface, line or point associated with a material anatomical entity. FMA:67112 UMLS_CUI:C1179877 trak TRAK:0001338 immaterial anatomical entity TRAK:0001338 Physical anatomical entity which is a three-dimensional space, surface, line or point associated with a material anatomical entity. FMA:67112 Anatomical boundary entity which has one spatial dimension. FMA:9657 UMLS_CUI:C0449629 trak TRAK:0001339 anatomical line TRAK:0001339 Anatomical boundary entity which has one spatial dimension. FMA:9657 joint line UMLS_CUI:C0446569 trak TRAK:0001340 knee joint line TRAK:0001340 medial joint line UMLS_CUI:C0446570 trak TRAK:0001341 medial knee joint line TRAK:0001341 lateral joint line UMLS_CUI:C0446571 trak TRAK:0001342 lateral knee joint line TRAK:0001342 FMA:75036 UMLS_CUI:C1235660 trak TRAK:0001343 notch TRAK:0001343 UMLS_CUI:C0448198 femoral condylar notch femoral trochlea intercondylar groove intercondylar notch trochlear groove trochlear notch trak TRAK:0001344 intercondylar notch of femur TRAK:0001344 zone of meniscus trak TRAK:0001345 meniscus zone TRAK:0001345 trak TRAK:0001346 body of meniscus TRAK:0001346 UMLS_CUI:C0447839 meniscal horn trak TRAK:0001347 horn of meniscus TRAK:0001347 anterior horn anterior meniscal horn trak TRAK:0001348 anterior horn of meniscus TRAK:0001348 posterior horn posterior meniscal horn trak TRAK:0001349 posterior horn of meniscus TRAK:0001349 inner edge of meniscus trak TRAK:0001350 free edge of meniscus TRAK:0001350 Adipose tissue located under the dermis. It binds underlying structures with the skin. The subcutis is important in the regulation of temperature of the skin itself and the body. The size of this layer varies throughout the body and from subject to subject. FMA:74315 UMLS_CUI:C0222331 subcutaneous fat subcutaneous tissue trak TRAK:0001351 subcutaneous adipose tissue TRAK:0001351 Adipose tissue located under the dermis. It binds underlying structures with the skin. The subcutis is important in the regulation of temperature of the skin itself and the body. The size of this layer varies throughout the body and from subject to subject. UMLS:C0222331 An elongatyed anatomical structure which may be a cell, e.g. muscle fiber; an organ component, e.g. nerve fiber; or an acellular anatomical structure, e.g. collagen fiber. FMA:62912 UMLS_CUI:C1304649 fiber fibres trak TRAK:0001352 fibre TRAK:0001352 An elongatyed anatomical structure which may be a cell, e.g. muscle fiber; an organ component, e.g. nerve fiber; or an acellular anatomical structure, e.g. collagen fiber. FMA:62912 The bone surface in a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0222679 articular facet weight bearing surface weight-bearing surface weightbearing surface trak TRAK:0001353 articular surface TRAK:0001353 The bone surface in a joint. UMLS:C0222679 Within the tissue substance. mid substance mid-substance midsubstance trak TRAK:0001354 intrasubstance TRAK:0001354 trak TRAK:0001355 relative anatomical coordinate TRAK:0001355 Lipoma arborescens is a benign lesion described as replacement of mature fat cells with sub-synovial tissue, which causes the formation of villous projections. frond-like lesion fronding UMLS_CUI:C2960254 diffuse articular lipomatosis lipomatosis articular difusa trak TRAK:0001356 lipoma arborescens TRAK:0001356 Lipoma arborescens is a benign lesion described as replacement of mature fat cells with sub-synovial tissue, which causes the formation of villous projections. PMID:24752536 Worn away or tattered along the edges. trak TRAK:0001357 fraying TRAK:0001357 Worn away or tattered along the edges. FreeDictionary:fraying A fracture in which the line of break forms a right angle with the axis of the bone. UMLS_CUI:C0332710 trak TRAK:0001358 transverse fracture TRAK:0001358 A fracture in which the line of break forms a right angle with the axis of the bone. MedicalDictionary:transverse+fracture A fracture in which the fragments of bone are at angles to one another. UMLS_CUI:C0585061 trak TRAK:0001359 angulated fracture TRAK:0001359 A fracture in which the fragments of bone are at angles to one another. MedicalDictionary:angulated+fracture Separation of a small fragment of bone cortex at the site of attachment of a ligament or tendon. UMLS_CUI:C0332758 avulsion trak TRAK:0001360 avulsion fracture TRAK:0001360 Separation of a small fragment of bone cortex at the site of attachment of a ligament or tendon. MedicalDictionary:avulsion+fracture A bone break in which the center fragment contained by two cracks forms a triangle. UMLS_CUI:C0347848 trak TRAK:0001361 butterfly fracture TRAK:0001361 A bone break in which the center fragment contained by two cracks forms a triangle. MedicalDictionary:butterfly+fracture A fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed. UMLS_CUI:C0476171 trak TRAK:0001362 comminuted fracture TRAK:0001362 A fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed. UMLS:C0476171 A traumatic bone break in which two ends of a fractured bone are separated and out of their normal positions. UMLS_CUI:C0585059 fracture with displacement trak TRAK:0001363 displaced fracture TRAK:0001363 A traumatic bone break in which two ends of a fractured bone are separated and out of their normal positions. MedicalDictionary:displaced+fracture A bone break in which cracks in the bone may radiate in several directions but the bone fragments do not separate. UMLS_CUI:C0585058 fracture without displacement non-displaced fracture nondisplaced fracture trak TRAK:0001364 undisplaced fracture TRAK:0001364 A bone break in which cracks in the bone may radiate in several directions but the bone fragments do not separate. MedicalDictionary:undisplaced+fracture A fracture involving the epiphyseal plate of a long bone, which causes separation or fragmentation of the plate. UMLS_CUI:C0476159 Salter fracture trak TRAK:0001365 epiphyseal fracture TRAK:0001365 A fracture involving the epiphyseal plate of a long bone, which causes separation or fragmentation of the plate. MedicalDictionary:epiphyseal+fracture A fracture that does not involve a joint space. UMLS_CUI:C1299226 extraarticular fracture trak TRAK:0001366 extra-articular fracture TRAK:0001366 A fracture which does not entirely destroy the continuity of the bone. UMLS_CUI:C0332716 greenstick fracture trak TRAK:0001367 incomplete fracture TRAK:0001367 A fracture which does not entirely destroy the continuity of the bone. MedicalDictionary:incomplete+fracture A fracture that involves a joint space. UMLS_CUI:C0332715 intraarticular fracture trak TRAK:0001368 intra-articular fracture TRAK:0001368 A fracture that runs parallel to the long axis of a bone. UMLS_CUI:C0332713 fissured fracture longitudinal fracture trak TRAK:0001369 linear fracture TRAK:0001369 A fracture that runs parallel to the long axis of a bone. MedicalDictionary:linear+fracture A fracture in which the line of break runs obliquely to the axis of the bone. UMLS_CUI:C0332711 trak TRAK:0001370 oblique fracture TRAK:0001370 A fracture in which the line of break runs obliquely to the axis of the bone. MedicalDictionary:oblique+fracture A fracture involving the articular cartilage and underlying bone. UMLS_CUI:C0476169 trak TRAK:0001371 osteochondral fracture TRAK:0001371 A fracture involving the articular cartilage and underlying bone. MedicalDictionary:osteochondral+fracture A fracture occurring as a result of disease of a bone or from some undiscoverable cause and not due to trauma. UMLS_CUI:C0016663 pathologic fracture trak TRAK:0001372 pathological fracture TRAK:0001372 A fracture occurring as a result of disease of a bone or from some undiscoverable cause and not due to trauma. UMLS:C0016663 A fracture of a long bone characterised by a spiral fracture line resulting from a torsional traumatic force. UMLS_CUI:C0332712 trak TRAK:0001373 spiral fracture TRAK:0001373 A fracture of a long bone characterised by a spiral fracture line resulting from a torsional traumatic force. MedicalDictionary:spiral+fracture A fracture in which there are numerous fissures radiating from the central point of impact or injury throughout surrounding bone tissue. UMLS_CUI:C0332718 trak TRAK:0001374 stellate fracture TRAK:0001374 A fracture in which there are numerous fissures radiating from the central point of impact or injury throughout surrounding bone tissue. MedicalDictionary:stellate+fracture A fracture due to the strain caused by repetitive exercise. UMLS_CUI:C0016664 trak TRAK:0001375 stress fracture TRAK:0001375 A fracture due to the strain caused by repetitive exercise. UMLS:C0016664 A form of stress fractures that result when normal force is applied to bones with deficient elasticity. UMLS_CUI:C2350177 trak TRAK:0001376 insufficiency fracture TRAK:0001376 A form of stress fractures that result when normal force is applied to bones with deficient elasticity. UMLS:C2350177 A fracture along the shaft of a long bone. trak TRAK:0001377 diaphyseal fracture TRAK:0001377 A longitudinal fracture of the humerus between its two condyles. trak TRAK:0001378 intercondylar fracture TRAK:0001378 A longitudinal fracture of the humerus between its two condyles. MedicalDictionary:intercondylar+fracture A fracture involving the entire cross section of the bone. trak TRAK:0001379 complete fracture TRAK:0001379 A fracture involving the entire cross section of the bone. MedicalDictionary:complete+fracture FMA:46945 UMLS_CUI:C0448660 tendon of semimembranosus trak TRAK:0001380 semimembranosus tendon TRAK:0001380 A small piece of bone or cartilage within a joint, usually the result of wear and tear and/or trauma. UMLS_CUI:C0701805 cartilage fragment cartilaginous fragment chondral debris chondral fragment debri debris intraarticular body intraarticular debris intraarticular fragment intraarticular loose body loose fragment loose intraarticular body loose intraarticular fragment ossicle trak TRAK:0001381 loose body TRAK:0001381 A small piece of bone or cartilage within a joint, usually the result of wear and tear and/or trauma. MedicalDictionary:loose+body A condition in which the bone marrow takes on an excessive amount of fluid. UMLS_CUI:C0948162 marrow edema marrow oedema subchondral bone marrow edema subchondral bone marrow oedema subchondral edema subchondral marrow edema subchondral marrow oedema subchondral oedema trak TRAK:0001382 bone marrow oedema TRAK:0001382 A tear with a displaced fragment of an organ. displaced flap displaced fragment trak TRAK:0001383 displaced tear TRAK:0001383 A bucket-handle tear of a meniscus is a longitudinal tear with an attached fragment displaced away from the meniscus. UMLS_CUI:C0443166 bucket handle tear trak TRAK:0001384 bucket-handle tear TRAK:0001384 A bucket-handle tear of a meniscus is a longitudinal tear with an attached fragment displaced away from the meniscus. PMID:7645481 A localized pathological or traumatic structural change, damage, deformity or discontinuity of tissue, organ or body part. UMLS_CUI:C0221198 trak TRAK:0001385 lesion TRAK:0001385 A localized pathological or traumatic structural change, damage, deformity or discontinuity of tissue, organ or body part. UMLS:C0221198 A type of radial tear which begins at the inner edge, but then curves into a longitudinal orientation as the tear extends toward the meniscal periphery. UMLS_CUI:C0443273 oblique tear trak TRAK:0001386 parrot-beak tear TRAK:0001386 A type of radial tear which begins at the inner edge, but then curves into a longitudinal orientation as the tear extends toward the meniscal periphery. MedicalDictionary:parrot+beak+tear A short tear that extends from the inner edge of the meniscus towards the outer part of the meniscus. transverse tear trak TRAK:0001387 radial tear TRAK:0001387 A tear in the meniscus with a vertical direction. trak TRAK:0001388 vertical tear TRAK:0001388 A tear that occurs in the periphery of an organ. trak TRAK:0001389 peripheral tear TRAK:0001389 A tear in the meniscus with a longitudinal direction. trak TRAK:0001390 longitudinal tear TRAK:0001390 A tear with a flap displaced to the vertical or horizontal direction. UMLS_CUI:C3697690 flipped fragment fragment flipped trak TRAK:0001391 flap tear TRAK:0001391 A tear with a flap displaced to the vertical or horizontal direction. UMLS:C3697690 A tear in the meniscus with a horizontal direction. cleavage tear horizontal cleft tear horizontal tear trak TRAK:0001392 horizontal cleavage tear TRAK:0001392 A tear that occurs due to wear and tear (degeneration) of the meniscal cartilage. complex tear trak TRAK:0001393 degenerative tear TRAK:0001393 A fracture below the articular cartilage. trak TRAK:0001394 subchondral fracture TRAK:0001394 A fracture involving the articular cartilage. trak TRAK:0001395 chondral fracture TRAK:0001395 A sac-like closed membranous structure that may be empty or contain fluid or amorphous material. UMLS_CUI:C0010709 trak TRAK:0001396 cyst TRAK:0001396 A sac-like closed membranous structure that may be empty or contain fluid or amorphous material. UMLS:C0010709 A tear with a torn fragment still in place. nondisplaced tear undisplaced flap undisplaced fragment trak TRAK:0001397 undisplaced tear TRAK:0001397 A condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of cartilage. RADLEX:RID5396 UMLS_CUI:C0007302 trak TRAK:0001398 cartilage disease TRAK:0001398 A condition in which there is a deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of cartilage. UMLS:C0007302 Articular cartilage does not usually regenerate after injury or disease leading to loss of tissue and formation of a defect. UMLS_CUI:C1401800 cartilage erosion cartilage thinning loss of cartilage thinning of cartilage trak TRAK:0001399 cartilage loss TRAK:0001399 red zone of meniscus trak TRAK:0001400 outer edge of meniscus TRAK:0001400 Referring to events that occur simultaneously, but which are regarded as causally unrelated. incidental trak TRAK:0001401 coincidental TRAK:0001401 Referring to events that occur simultaneously, but which are regarded as causally unrelated. MedicalDictionary:coincidental Fissuring represents disruption at right angle to the surface, and may extend to partial or full thickness. fissuring ulcer ulceration trak TRAK:0001402 fissure TRAK:0001402 Marked deviation from normal. abnormality anomaly defect trak TRAK:0001405 irregularity TRAK:0001405 A developmental defect that occurs if the two halves of the patella fail to fuse in early childhood. HP:0010498 UMLS_CUI:C1533285 trak TRAK:0001407 bipartite patella TRAK:0001407 A developmental defect that occurs if the two halves of the patella fail to fuse in early childhood. HP:0010498 A disease or an abnormality of a joint. UMLS_CUI:C0022408 arthrosis trak TRAK:0001408 arthropathy TRAK:0001408 A disease or an abnormality of a joint. MedicalDictionary:arthropathy A collection of fluid in a body cavity. UMLS_CUI:C0013687 trak TRAK:0001409 effusion TRAK:0001409 A collection of fluid in a body cavity. UMLS:C0013687 Increased fluid in synovial cavity of a joint. trak TRAK:0001410 joint effusion TRAK:0001410 Increased fluid in synovial cavity of a joint. MedicalDictionary:joint+effusion Increased fluid in synovial cavity of a knee joint. UMLS_CUI:C0343166 knee effusion trak TRAK:0001411 knee joint effusion TRAK:0001411 A tear that occurs within the substance of an organ and does not reach its surface. mid substance tear mid-substance tear midsubstance tear trak TRAK:0001412 intrasubstance tear TRAK:0001412 A lesion where the distance between a meniscus and the attached ligaments is increased. meniscal capsular injury meniscal capsular sprain meniscal capsule injury meniscal capsule sprain meniscocapsular injury meniscocapsular sprain meniscal capsular dissociation meniscal capsular separation meniscal capsule dissociation meniscal capsule separation meniscocapsular dissociation trak TRAK:0001413 meniscocapsular separation TRAK:0001413 A lesion where the distance between a meniscus and the attached ligaments is increased. PMID:9762977 corner of knee trak TRAK:0001414 corner of knee joint TRAK:0001414 AM corner AMC anterior medial corner anterior medial corner of knee anterior medial corner of knee joint anteromedial corner anteromedial corner of knee anteromedial corner of knee joint trak TRAK:0001415 anteromedial corner of knee joint TRAK:0001415 AL corner ALC anterior lateral corner anterior lateral corner of knee anterior lateral corner of knee joint anterolateral corner anterolateral corner of knee anterolateral corner of knee joint trak TRAK:0001416 anterolateral corner of knee joint TRAK:0001416 PM corner PMC posterior medial corner posterior medial corner of knee posterior medial corner of knee joint posteromedial corner posteromedial corner of knee posteromedial corner of knee joint trak TRAK:0001417 posteromedial corner of knee joint TRAK:0001417 PC corner PLC posterior lateral corner posterior lateral corner of knee posterior lateral corner of knee joint posterolateral corner posterolateral corner of knee posterolateral corner of knee joint trak TRAK:0001418 posterolateral corner of knee joint TRAK:0001418 Anatomical cluster which has as its direct parts all or some members of one or more organ types which are grouped together according to some shared attributes. FMA:32406 UMLS_CUI:C0824486 trak TRAK:0001419 organ cluster TRAK:0001419 Anatomical cluster which has as its direct parts all or some members of one or more organ types which are grouped together according to some shared attributes. FMA:32406 A group of tendons involved in the joint extension. extensor apparatus extensor tendons tendons of the extensor mechanism trak TRAK:0001420 extensor mechanism TRAK:0001420 Terms used to describe the findings. Note: most leaf node children are adjectives, rather than noun phrases. RADLEX:RID6 Radlex descriptor trak TRAK:0001421 finding descriptor TRAK:0001421 The condition in which reasonable knowledge regarding risks, benefits or the future is not available. RADLEX:RID29 UMLS_CUI:C0087130 certainty confidence trak TRAK:0001422 certainty descriptor TRAK:0001422 The condition in which reasonable knowledge regarding risks, benefits or the future is not available. UMLS:C0087130 RADLEX:RID38 trak TRAK:0001423 almost certainly TRAK:0001423 RADLEX:RID28471 trak TRAK:0001424 almost certainly not TRAK:0001424 RADLEX:RID31 certain certainly confirm definitely trak TRAK:0001425 definite TRAK:0001425 RADLEX:RID39 certainly not trak TRAK:0001426 definitely not TRAK:0001426 RADLEX:RID28474 trak TRAK:0001427 yes TRAK:0001427 Of uncertain classification, characterization or interpretation. RADLEX:RID39147 trak TRAK:0001428 equivocal TRAK:0001428 Of uncertain classification, characterization or interpretation. RADLEX:RID39147 RADLEX:RID39110 unable to determine trak TRAK:0001429 indeterminate TRAK:0001429 RADLEX:RID39120 trak TRAK:0001430 known TRAK:0001430 RADLEX:RID28475 not trak TRAK:0001431 no TRAK:0001431 RADLEX:RID46056 trak TRAK:0001432 not applicable TRAK:0001432 RADLEX:RID34 could be could represent may be may have maybe might be possibility of possible would represent trak TRAK:0001433 possibly TRAK:0001433 Likely to be true. RADLEX:RID33 likely probable trak TRAK:0001434 probably TRAK:0001434 Likely to be true. RADLEX:RID33 RADLEX:RID36 unlikely trak TRAK:0001435 probably not TRAK:0001435 Features that raise a strong possibility of a diagnosis. RADLEX:RID39481 compatible with consistent with in keeping with sign of suggest suggestion trak TRAK:0001436 suggestive TRAK:0001436 Features that raise a strong possibility of a diagnosis. RADLEX:RID39481 RADLEX:RID39175 suspect suspicious trak TRAK:0001437 suspected TRAK:0001437 RADLEX:RID39177 not sure unsure trak TRAK:0001438 uncertain TRAK:0001438 RADLEX:RID5655 trak TRAK:0001439 unknown TRAK:0001439 RADLEX:RID7464 trak TRAK:0001440 imaging observation descriptor TRAK:0001440 RADLEX:RID5958 trak TRAK:0001441 distribution pattern TRAK:0001441 Widely spread; not localized or confined. RADLEX:RID5701 UMLS_CUI:C0205219 general generalised generally wide spread widely spread widespread trak TRAK:0001442 diffuse TRAK:0001442 Widely spread; not localized or confined. UMLS:C0205219 Limited to a small area or volume. RADLEX:RID5702 UMLS_CUI:C0205234 focally local localised locally trak TRAK:0001443 focal TRAK:0001443 Limited to a small area or volume. RADLEX:RID5702 A mark that is long relative to its width; a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thickness. RADLEX:RID5811 UMLS_CUI:C0205132 trak TRAK:0001444 linear TRAK:0001444 A mark that is long relative to its width; a length (straight or curved) without breadth or thickness. UMLS:C0205132 Arising from, pertaining to, or having many locations. RADLEX:RID5703 UMLS_CUI:C0205292 trak TRAK:0001445 multifocal TRAK:0001445 Arising from, pertaining to, or having many locations. UMLS:C0205292 Having uneven or non-uniform distribution. RADLEX:RID5704 UMLS_CUI:C0205413 trak TRAK:0001446 patchy TRAK:0001446 Having uneven or non-uniform distribution. RADLEX:RID5704 RADLEX:RID6033 trak TRAK:0001447 modality-related characteristic TRAK:0001447 A weakening in force or intensity. RADLEX:RID6037 UMLS_CUI:C0599946 trak TRAK:0001448 attenuation TRAK:0001448 A weakening in force or intensity. UMLS:C0599946 RADLEX:RID6038 trak TRAK:0001449 high attenuation TRAK:0001449 RADLEX:RID6040 isoattenuating trak TRAK:0001450 iso-attenuation TRAK:0001450 RADLEX:RID6039 trak TRAK:0001451 low attenuation TRAK:0001451 RADLEX:RID6037 UMLS_CUI:C0871362 trak TRAK:0001452 signal intensity TRAK:0001452 RADLEX:RID6051 intermediate signal trak TRAK:0001453 intermediate signal intensity TRAK:0001453 normal signal trak TRAK:0001454 normal signal intensity TRAK:0001454 abnormal signal altered signal degenerative signal signal change trak TRAK:0001455 abnormal signal intensity TRAK:0001455 RADLEX:RID5863 shape trak TRAK:0001456 morphologic descriptor TRAK:0001456 RADLEX:RID5869 blunting trak TRAK:0001457 blunted TRAK:0001457 RADLEX:RID45753 trak TRAK:0001458 continuous TRAK:0001458 RADLEX:RID5809 trak TRAK:0001459 irregular TRAK:0001459 RADLEX:RID5801 lobular lobule multilobulated trak TRAK:0001460 lobulated TRAK:0001460 The result of breaking open or bursting. RADLEX:RID5904 trak TRAK:0001461 ruptured TRAK:0001461 RADLEX:RID5907 trak TRAK:0001462 septated TRAK:0001462 RADLEX:RID5914 thick thickening widening trak TRAK:0001463 thickened TRAK:0001463 RADLEX:RID5915 thin thinning trak TRAK:0001464 thinned TRAK:0001464 RADLEX:RID5917 trak TRAK:0001465 truncated TRAK:0001465 RADLEX:RID5918 trak TRAK:0001466 ulcerated TRAK:0001466 RADLEX:RID29001 trak TRAK:0001467 normality descriptor TRAK:0001467 RADLEX:RID5761 amount trak TRAK:0001468 quantity descriptor TRAK:0001468 RADLEX:RID28473 trak TRAK:0001469 absent TRAK:0001469 RADLEX:RID5770 trak TRAK:0001470 both TRAK:0001470 RADLEX:RID5763 several trak TRAK:0001471 few TRAK:0001471 RADLEX:RID39113 trak TRAK:0001472 insufficient TRAK:0001472 RADLEX:RID39114 trak TRAK:0001473 sufficient TRAK:0001473 Greater or bigger in amount, extent, or size. RADLEX:RID5692 UMLS_CUI:C0205164 trak TRAK:0001474 major TRAK:0001474 Greater or bigger in amount, extent, or size. UMLS:C0205164 RADLEX:RID5765 trak TRAK:0001475 multiple TRAK:0001475 RADLEX:RID5762 trak TRAK:0001476 single TRAK:0001476 An excessive subluxation of patella toward the outside (lateral) aspect of the knee joint. UMLS_CUI:C3507023 trak TRAK:0001477 lateral subluxation of patella TRAK:0001477 RADLEX:RID5683 trak TRAK:0001478 status descriptor TRAK:0001478 The degree of something undesirable. UMLS_CUI:C0439793 severity trak TRAK:0001479 severity descriptor TRAK:0001479 The degree of something undesirable. UMLS:C0439793 RADLEX:RID6336 trak TRAK:0001480 osseous TRAK:0001480 RADLEX:RID5748 trak TRAK:0001481 ossified TRAK:0001481 RADLEX:RID39085 physiological condition trak TRAK:0001482 physiological condition descriptor TRAK:0001482 RADLEX:RID39067 trak TRAK:0001483 degenerated TRAK:0001483 RADLEX:RID39086 trak TRAK:0001484 fractured TRAK:0001484 RADLEX:RID5772 size trak TRAK:0001485 size descriptor TRAK:0001485 Of considerable or relatively great size, extent or capacity. RADLEX:RID5778 UMLS_CUI:C0549177 a lot of big considerable largely most of quite a bit trak TRAK:0001486 large TRAK:0001486 Of considerable or relatively great size, extent or capacity. UMLS:C0549177 Limited in number, quantity, magnitude or extent. RADLEX:RID5774 UMLS_CUI:C0700321 little tiny trak TRAK:0001487 small TRAK:0001487 Limited in number, quantity, magnitude or extent. UMLS:C0700321 RADLEX:RID5716 time modifier trak TRAK:0001488 temporal descriptor TRAK:0001488 RADLEX:RID5720 trak TRAK:0001489 new TRAK:0001489 RADLEX:RID5721 trak TRAK:0001490 old TRAK:0001490 Continuing or permanent. RADLEX:RID34330 trak TRAK:0001491 persistent TRAK:0001491 RADLEX:RID5726 prior trak TRAK:0001492 previous TRAK:0001492 Pertaining to something that remains after an activity that removes the bulk of the substance. RADLEX:RID5727 trak TRAK:0001493 residual TRAK:0001493 Pertaining to something that remains after an activity that removes the bulk of the substance. MedicalDictionary:residual Pertaining to a condition that is temporary or of short duration, usually not recurring. transitory trak TRAK:0001494 transient TRAK:0001494 Pertaining to a condition that is temporary or of short duration, usually not recurring. MedicalDictionary:transient RADLEX:RID38770 visibility trak TRAK:0001495 visibility descriptor TRAK:0001495 RADLEX:RID34279 circumscribed sharply defined well-defined trak TRAK:0001496 well defined TRAK:0001496 RADLEX:RID34283 ill definition ill-defined illdefined indistinct poor defined poor definition poor-defined poorly defined trak TRAK:0001497 ill defined TRAK:0001497 appear demonstrated identified note noted observed obvious show visible trak TRAK:0001499 seen TRAK:0001499 Immediately noticeable; conspicuous. RADLEX:RID5796 prominently trak TRAK:0001500 prominent TRAK:0001500 Immediately noticeable; conspicuous. MedicalDictionary:prominent Visible to the naked eye. UMLS_CUI:C0439806 grossly trak TRAK:0001501 gross TRAK:0001501 Visible to the naked eye. UMLS:C0439806 RADLEX:RID6351 stage of healing trak TRAK:0001502 stage of healing descriptor TRAK:0001502 RADLEX:RID6353 trak TRAK:0001503 healed TRAK:0001503 Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. RADLEX:RID6352 trak TRAK:0001504 healing TRAK:0001504 Restoration of integrity to traumatized tissue. RADLEX:RID6352 RADLEX:RID5757 complicated trak TRAK:0001505 complex TRAK:0001505 RADLEX:RID5755 uncomplicated trak TRAK:0001506 simple TRAK:0001506 active currently ongoing presently trak TRAK:0001507 current TRAK:0001507 trak TRAK:0001508 near complete TRAK:0001508 At least a small amount or number of, but not a large amount of, or often. UMLS_CUI:C0205392 trak TRAK:0001509 some TRAK:0001509 At least a small amount or number of, but not a large amount of, or often. UMLS:C0205392 trak TRAK:0001510 small to moderate TRAK:0001510 Surgical excision of a meniscus, usually from the knee joint. UMLS_CUI:C0187901 trak TRAK:0001511 meniscectomy TRAK:0001511 Surgical excision of a meniscus, usually from the knee joint. MedicalDictionary:meniscectomy Crumbling or smashing of cancellous bone by forces acting parallel to the long axis of bone. UMLS_CUI:C0521169 compression injury depressed fracture depression fracture trak TRAK:0001512 compression fracture TRAK:0001512 Crumbling or smashing of cancellous bone by forces acting parallel to the long axis of bone. UMLS:C0521169 Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium. RADLEX:RID5382 UMLS_CUI:C0221204 lytic lesion osteolytic lesion trak TRAK:0001513 osteolysis TRAK:0001513 Dissolution of bone that particularly involves the removal or loss of calcium. UMLS:C0221204 A condition that is marked by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile. RADLEX:RID5389 UMLS_CUI:C0029456 trak TRAK:0001514 osteoporosis TRAK:0001514 A condition that is marked by a decrease in bone mass and density, causing bones to become fragile. UMLS:C0029456 Traumatic disease occurring at the point of attachment of skeletal muscles to bone, where recurring stress causes inflammation and often fibrosis and calcification. UMLS_CUI:C1282952 enthesopathy trak TRAK:0001515 enthesitis TRAK:0001515 Traumatic disease occurring at the point of attachment of skeletal muscles to bone, where recurring stress causes inflammation and often fibrosis and calcification. MedicalDictionary:enthesitis The formation of cartilage. UMLS_CUI:C1261982 chondrogenesis trak TRAK:0001516 chondrosis TRAK:0001516 The formation of cartilage. MedicalDictionary:chondrosis Arthrofibrosis is a complication of injury or trauma where an excessive scar tissue response leads to painful restriction of joint motion. UMLS_CUI:C1142253 cyclops lesion mass lesion trak TRAK:0001517 arthrofibrosis TRAK:0001517 Arthrofibrosis is a complication of injury or trauma where an excessive scar tissue response leads to painful restriction of joint motion. Wikipedia:Arthrofibrosis Increased bone density in the subchondral layer. sclerosis UMLS_CUI:C3670825 sclerosis of subchondral bone of joint subchondral bone sclerosis trak TRAK:0001518 subchondral sclerosis TRAK:0001518 RADLEX:RID5817 location trak TRAK:0001519 location descriptor TRAK:0001519 RADLEX:RID5849 trak TRAK:0001520 adjacent to TRAK:0001520 Standing apart from others; separate. RADLEX:RID5838 disconnected separated trak TRAK:0001521 detached TRAK:0001521 Standing apart from others; separate. MedicalDictionary:detached Out of the usual place or position, especially used in reference to a joint. RADLEX:RID39069 trak TRAK:0001522 dislocated TRAK:0001522 Out of the usual place or position, especially used in reference to a joint. MedicalDictionary:dislocated Removed from the normal position or place. RADLEX:RID5840 trak TRAK:0001523 displaced TRAK:0001523 Removed from the normal position or place. MedicalDictionary:displacement RADLEX:RID39070 trak TRAK:0001524 disrupted TRAK:0001524 On or near an edge or constituting an outer boundary; the outer area. FMA:74552 RADLEX:RID5828 UMLS_CUI:C0205100 peripherally periphery trak TRAK:0001525 peripheral TRAK:0001525 On or near an edge or constituting an outer boundary; the outer area. UMLS:C0205100 Move or transferred from one place or position to another. RADLEX:RID5845 trak TRAK:0001526 shifted TRAK:0001526 Move or transferred from one place or position to another. MedicalDictionary:shifted Of or pertaining to the exterior surface. FMA:30330 RADLEX:RID5836 UMLS_CUI:C0205124 superficially trak TRAK:0001527 superficial TRAK:0001527 Of or pertaining to the exterior surface. UMLS:C0205124 Extending relatively far inward. FMA:74551 RADLEX:RID5835 UMLS_CUI:C0205125 trak TRAK:0001528 deep TRAK:0001528 Extending relatively far inward. UMLS:C0205125 RADLEX:RID5851 orientation trak TRAK:0001529 orientation descriptor TRAK:0001529 Extending in the direction of the length of a thing; lengthwise. RADLEX:RID5855 trak TRAK:0001530 longitudinal TRAK:0001530 Extending in the direction of the length of a thing; lengthwise. MedicalDictionary:longitudinal Directed along a radius. RADLEX:RID5857 trak TRAK:0001531 radial TRAK:0001531 Directed along a radius. MedicalDictionary:radial RADLEX:RID49456 tilt trak TRAK:0001532 tilted TRAK:0001532 flip trak TRAK:0001533 flipped TRAK:0001533 Swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues. UMLS_CUI:C0013604 edema oedematous trak TRAK:0001534 oedema TRAK:0001534 Swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues. UMLS:C0013604 Inflammation of a synovial membrane. RADLEX:RID3630 UMLS_CUI:C0039103 trak TRAK:0001537 synovitis TRAK:0001537 Inflammation of a synovial membrane. UMLS:C0039103 A thrusting or forcing out of a normal position. extruded uncovering trak TRAK:0001538 extrusion TRAK:0001538 A thrusting or forcing out of a normal position. MedicalDictionary:extrusion A fracture in which the bone substance of each component is driven into the other resulting in the shortening of bone without loss of alignment. UMLS_CUI:C0332714 impacted fracture trak TRAK:0001539 impaction fracture TRAK:0001539 A tear that reaches the surface of an organ such as meniscus. trak TRAK:0001540 surface tear TRAK:0001540 A bone cyst within the fused epiphysis beneath the articular plate. UMLS_CUI:C0038529 trak TRAK:0001541 subchondral cyst TRAK:0001541 A bone cyst within the fused epiphysis beneath the articular plate. MedicalDictionary:subchondral+cyst Ligamentous laxity is a term given to describe 'loose ligaments'. laxity HP:0001380 UMLS_CUI:C1401699 laxity of ligament ligament laxity ligament looseness loose ligaments trak TRAK:0001542 ligamentous laxity TRAK:0001542 Ligamentous laxity is a term given to describe 'loose ligaments'. Wikipedia:Ligamentous_laxity Bony outgrowth usually found around joints and often seen in conditions such as ARTHRITIS. RADLEX:RID5076 UMLS_CUI:C1956089 trak TRAK:0001543 osteophyte TRAK:0001543 Bony outgrowth usually found around joints and often seen in conditions such as ARTHRITIS. UMLS:C1956089 A disease in which the function or structure of the affected tissues or organs changes for the worse over time. RADLEX:RID5043 UMLS_CUI:C1285162 degenerative disorder trak TRAK:0001544 degenerative disease TRAK:0001544 A disease in which the function or structure of the affected tissues or organs changes for the worse over time. UMLS:C1285162 Change from a higher to a lower form, especially change of tissue to a lower or less functionally active form. RADLEX:RID5045 UMLS_CUI:C0011164 trak TRAK:0001545 degeneration TRAK:0001545 Change from a higher to a lower form, especially change of tissue to a lower or less functionally active form. MedicalDictionary:degeneration The breaking of an entity into smaller parts. RADLEX:RID5067 trak TRAK:0001546 fragmentation TRAK:0001546 The breaking of an entity into smaller parts. MedicalDictionary:fragmentation Degeneration affecting the skeleton and muscles. RADLEX:RID5068 trak TRAK:0001547 musculoskeletal degeneration TRAK:0001547 The formation of bone or of a bony substance; the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. RADLEX:RID5223 UMLS_CUI:C0029433 osteogenesis trak TRAK:0001548 ossification TRAK:0001548 The formation of bone or of a bony substance; the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance. UMLS:C0029433 Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration or metabolic derangement. RADLEX:RID3552 UMLS_CUI:C0035435 rheumatism trak TRAK:0001549 rheumatic disease TRAK:0001549 Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration or metabolic derangement. UMLS:C0035435 Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively. RADLEX:RID5361 UMLS_CUI:C0026857 musculoskeletal disorder trak TRAK:0001550 musculoskeletal disease TRAK:0001550 Diseases of the muscles and their associated ligaments and other connective tissue and of the bones and cartilage viewed collectively. UMLS:C0026857 change trak TRAK:0001551 changed TRAK:0001551 A localized collection of blood within a bone associated with a fracture of the inner, spongy layer, but not the outer cortical layer of the bone, caused by an acute trauma. UMLS_CUI:C0559359 bone bruise bone bruising bone marrow bruising trabecular microfracture trak TRAK:0001552 subchondral hematoma TRAK:0001552 Of, belonging to, or occurring at a time immediately before the present. recently trak TRAK:0001553 recent TRAK:0001553 Of, belonging to, or occurring at a time immediately before the present. MedicalDictionary:recent trak TRAK:0001554 injury by mechanism TRAK:0001554 Pivot shift injury is a noncontact injury that occurs when a valgus load is applied to the knee in various states of flexion combined with external rotation of the tibia or internal rotation of the femur, which can result in disruption of ACL. trak TRAK:0001555 pivot shift injury TRAK:0001555 Pivot shift injury is a noncontact injury that occurs when a valgus load is applied to the knee in various states of flexion combined with external rotation of the tibia or internal rotation of the femur, which can result in disruption of ACL. PMID:11046168 Injury to a joint due to an extension beyond the normal range of motion. UMLS_CUI:C0281873 trak TRAK:0001556 hyperextension injury TRAK:0001556 Injury to a joint due to an extension beyond the normal range of motion. UMLS:C0281873 Twisting injury is a noncontact injury that occurs where the foot remains stuck on the ground and the rest of the body twists, causing a rotational stress at the knee. rotational injury trak TRAK:0001557 twisting injury TRAK:0001557 An injury resulting from a valgus force (force from the side). valgus strain valgus stress trak TRAK:0001558 valgus injury TRAK:0001558 An injury resulting from a varus force (force from the inside). varus strain varus stress trak TRAK:0001559 varus injury TRAK:0001559 Pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions; usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling and loss of function. RADLEX:RID3382 UMLS_CUI:C0021368 trak TRAK:0001560 inflammation TRAK:0001560 Pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions; usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling and loss of function. UMLS:C0021368 trak TRAK:0001561 anatomical location descriptor TRAK:0001561 FMA:67631 trak TRAK:0001562 primary anatomical coordinate TRAK:0001562 FMA:67683 trak TRAK:0001563 binary anatomical coordinate TRAK:0001563 In front and below. FMA:66879 UMLS_CUI:C1179850 anteroinferiorly trak TRAK:0001564 anteroinferior TRAK:0001564 In front and below. MedicalDictionary:anteroinferior In front and away from the middle line. FMA:66874 RADLEX:RID38810 UMLS_CUI:C0332194 anterolaterally trak TRAK:0001565 anterolateral TRAK:0001565 In front and away from the middle line. MedicalDictionary:anterolateral In front and toward the middle line. FMA:66875 UMLS_CUI:C1179847 anterocentral anterocentrally anteromedially trak TRAK:0001566 anteromedial TRAK:0001566 In front and toward the middle line. MedicalDictionary:anteromedial In front and above. FMA:66878 UMLS_CUI:C1179849 anterosuperiorly trak TRAK:0001567 anterosuperior TRAK:0001567 In front and above. MedicalDictionary:anterosuperior Below and to the side. FMA:66933 RADLEX:RID39104 UMLS_CUI:C1179866 inferolaterally trak TRAK:0001568 inferolateral TRAK:0001568 Below and to the side. MedicalDictionary:inferolateral Below and toward the center. FMA:66934 UMLS_CUI:C1179867 inferomedially trak TRAK:0001569 inferomedial TRAK:0001569 Below and toward the center. MedicalDictionary:inferomedial Behind and below. FMA:66881 UMLS_CUI:C1179852 posteroinferiorly trak TRAK:0001570 posteroinferior TRAK:0001570 Behind and below. MedicalDictionary:posteroinferior Behind and to one side, specifically to the outer side. FMA:66876 RADLEX:RID39143 UMLS_CUI:C0332195 posterolaterally trak TRAK:0001571 posterolateral TRAK:0001571 Behind and to one side, specifically to the outer side. MedicalDictionary:posterolateral Behind and to the inner side. FMA:66877 RADLEX:RID39142 UMLS_CUI:C1179848 posteromedially trak TRAK:0001572 posteromedial TRAK:0001572 Behind and to the inner side. MedicalDictionary:posteromedial Behind and above. FMA:66880 UMLS_CUI:C1179851 posterosuperiorly trak TRAK:0001573 posterosuperior TRAK:0001573 Behind and above. MedicalDictionary:posterosuperior Above and to the side. FMA:66931 RADLEX:RID39241 UMLS_CUI:C1179864 superolaterally trak TRAK:0001574 superolateral TRAK:0001574 Above and to the side. MedicalDictionary:superolateral Above and toward the midline. FMA:66932 UMLS_CUI:C1179865 superomedially trak TRAK:0001575 superomedial TRAK:0001575 Above and toward the midline. MedicalDictionary:superomedial Joint space loss is a characteristic radiological feature of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory arthropathies of the knees. It is considered to represent loss of articular cartilage in these conditions. UMLS_CUI:C1859695 joint space narrowing narrowed joint space trak TRAK:0001576 joint space loss TRAK:0001576 Joint space loss is a characteristic radiological feature of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory arthropathies of the knees. It is considered to represent loss of articular cartilage in these conditions. PMID:1747696 damage trak TRAK:0001577 damaged TRAK:0001577 A point or area that is approximately central within some larger region or structure. FMA:30328 RADLEX:RID5827 UMLS_CUI:C0205099 centrally trak TRAK:0001578 central TRAK:0001578 A point or area that is approximately central within some larger region or structure. UMLS:C0205099 Change in the layer of bone just below the cartilage. subchondral change bony stress change subchondral degenerative bone change subchondral degenerative change subchondral signal change subchondral stress change trak TRAK:0001579 subchondral bone change TRAK:0001579 Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints, developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. UMLS_CUI:C0085648 ganglion ganglion cyst intraosseous ganglion trak TRAK:0001580 synovial cyst TRAK:0001580 Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions at joints, developed from the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE of a joint through the JOINT CAPSULE into the periarticular tissues. They are filled with SYNOVIAL FLUID with a smooth and translucent appearance. UMLS:C0085648 Anatomical term that represents more than one concept. trak TRAK:0001581 general anatomical term TRAK:0001581 Anatomical term that represents more than one concept. FMA:29733 Anatomical connectivity which is established by tissues of different classes of connecting anatomical structures. Example: muscle attachment to bone. FMA:62804 UMLS_CUI:C1179410 anchor insertion root trak TRAK:0001582 attachment TRAK:0001582 Anatomical connectivity which is established by tissues of different classes of connecting anatomical structures. Example: muscle attachment to bone. FMA:62804 The tip of a pyramidal or rounded structure, such as the lung or the heart. trak TRAK:0001583 apex TRAK:0001583 Anatomical cluster in which parts of two or more anatomical structures establish physical continuity with one another or intermingle their component parts. Example: musculotendinous junction. FMA:5898 UMLS_CUI:C0501400 trak TRAK:0001584 junction TRAK:0001584 Anatomical cluster in which parts of two or more anatomical structures establish physical continuity with one another or intermingle their component parts. Example: musculotendinous junction. FMA:5898 Immaterial anatomical entity which has three spatial dimensions. FMA:5897 UMLS_CUI:C0229984 trak TRAK:0001585 anatomical space TRAK:0001585 Immaterial anatomical entity which has three spatial dimensions. FMA:5897 Popliteal hiatus is the opening defined by the fascicles of the lateral meniscus, which permits the popliteal tendon to pursue its course from the tibia to its femoral attachment. The medial border of the popliteal hiatus is the body of the meniscus. trak TRAK:0001586 popliteal hiatus TRAK:0001586 Popliteal hiatus is the opening defined by the fascicles of the lateral meniscus, which permits the popliteal tendon to pursue its course from the tibia to its femoral attachment. The medial border of the popliteal hiatus is the body of the meniscus. PMID:474859 Fat pad that fills the space between the suprapatellar recess and the quadriceps tendon. trak TRAK:0001587 suprapatellar fat pad TRAK:0001587 Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. FMA:24014 UMLS_CUI:C0222671 trak TRAK:0001588 metaphysis TRAK:0001588 Subdivision of diaphysis which forms the proximal or distal end of diaphysis next to the epiphysis; together with diaphysis proper, it constitutes the diaphysis. FMA:24014 FMA:32875 UMLS_CUI:C0824856 femoral metaphysis trak TRAK:0001589 metaphysis of femur TRAK:0001589 FMA:33135 UMLS_CUI:C0825084 tibial metaphysis trak TRAK:0001590 metaphysis of tibia TRAK:0001590 Softening by soaking in a liquid. maceration trak TRAK:0001591 macerated TRAK:0001591 Softening by soaking in a liquid. MedicalDictionary:maceration Toward the femur. trak TRAK:0001592 femoral side TRAK:0001592 Toward the patella. patella side trak TRAK:0001593 patellar side TRAK:0001593 Material, especially living tissue or an organ, surgically attached to or inserted into a body part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect. trak TRAK:0001594 graft TRAK:0001594 Material, especially living tissue or an organ, surgically attached to or inserted into a body part to replace a damaged part or compensate for a defect. MedicalDictionary:graft The area on a surface covered by something. trak TRAK:0001595 footprint TRAK:0001595 An intermediate part or section; an area that is approximately central within some larger region. UMLS_CUI:C0444598 mid trak TRAK:0001598 middle TRAK:0001598 An intermediate part or section; an area that is approximately central within some larger region. UMLS:C0444598 Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia. UMLS_CUI:C0018924 hemarthrosis trak TRAK:0001599 haemarthrosis TRAK:0001599 Bleeding into the joints. It may arise from trauma or spontaneously in patients with hemophilia. UMLS:C0018924 A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons. FMA:72340 UMLS_CUI:C0584646 myotendinous junction trak TRAK:0001600 musculotendinous junction TRAK:0001600 A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons. UMLS:C0584646 translocation trak TRAK:0001601 translation TRAK:0001601 Attachment to femur. femoral insertion trak TRAK:0001602 femoral attachment TRAK:0001602 Attachment to tibia. tibial insertion trak TRAK:0001603 tibial attachment TRAK:0001603 Signals that do not faithfully reproduce actual anatomic structures because of distortion or of addition or deletion of information. RADLEX:RID11296 artefact trak TRAK:0001606 artifact TRAK:0001606 Signals that do not faithfully reproduce actual anatomic structures because of distortion or of addition or deletion of information. RADLEX:RID11296 An artifact resulting from movement of the object being imaged during the imaging sequence. RADLEX:RID11423 movement artefact trak TRAK:0001607 movement artifact TRAK:0001607 An artifact resulting from movement of the object being imaged during the imaging sequence. RADLEX:RID11423 RADLEX:RID5910 trak TRAK:0001608 shallow TRAK:0001608 Deep recess or groove. UMLS_CUI:C0205149 trak TRAK:0001609 gutter TRAK:0001609 Deep recess or groove. MedicalDictionary:gutter Anatomical boundary entity which has zero spatial dimension. FMA:9658 UMLS_CUI:C0504079 trak TRAK:0001610 anatomical point TRAK:0001610 Anatomical boundary entity which has zero spatial dimension. FMA:9658 Toward the tibia. trak TRAK:0001611 tibial side TRAK:0001611 An artifact resulting from factors within the object being imaged. RADLEX:RID11313 object artefact foreign body metal artefact metal artifact trak TRAK:0001612 object artifact TRAK:0001612 An artifact resulting from factors within the object being imaged. RADLEX:RID11313 RADLEX:RID39271 worsened trak TRAK:0001613 worsening TRAK:0001613 UMLS_CUI:C0037580 soft tissue swelling trak TRAK:0001614 soft tissue oedema TRAK:0001614 Cartilage separates from the bone and moves. UMLS_CUI:C3670804 chondral flap trak TRAK:0001615 cartilage flap TRAK:0001615 Something left over after other parts have been taken away. remnant trak TRAK:0001616 remainder TRAK:0001616 Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. UMLS_CUI:C0205394 trak TRAK:0001617 other TRAK:0001617 Different than the one(s) previously specified or mentioned. UMLS:C0205394 UMLS_CUI:C2945760 recurring trak TRAK:0001618 recurrent TRAK:0001618 An imaging observation defined by eponym or by reference to nonmedical entities. RADLEX:RID29023 trak TRAK:0001619 imaging sign TRAK:0001619 An imaging observation defined by eponym or by reference to nonmedical entities. RADLEX:RID29023 A sign on MRI of the knee to increase the sensitivity of diagnosing meniscal tears. The rule states a meniscal tear is present if abnormal findings are present on two or more images - these do not have to be contiguous, e.g. can occur on sagittal and coronal slices. A possible meniscal tear is present if abnormal findings are present on only one slice. trak TRAK:0001620 two-slice-touch rule TRAK:0001620 A sign on MRI of the knee to increase the sensitivity of diagnosing meniscal tears. The rule states a meniscal tear is present if abnormal findings are present on two or more images - these do not have to be contiguous, e.g. can occur on sagittal and coronal slices. A possible meniscal tear is present if abnormal findings are present on only one slice. Radiopedia:two-slice-touch-rule-1 The double PCL sign appears on sagittal MRI images of the knee when a bucket-handle tear of a meniscus flips medially so that comes to lie anteroinferior to the PCL mimicking a second smaller PCL. trak TRAK:0001621 double PCL sign TRAK:0001621 The double PCL sign appears on sagittal MRI images of the knee when a bucket-handle tear of a meniscus flips medially so that comes to lie anteroinferior to the PCL mimicking a second smaller PCL. Radiopedia:double-pcl-sign The absent bow tie sign represents the loss of the normal appearance of the menisci on parasagittal MRI images, and is suggestive of meniscal injury. trak TRAK:0001622 absent bow tie sign TRAK:0001622 The absent bow tie sign represents the loss of the normal appearance of the menisci on parasagittal MRI images, and is suggestive of meniscal injury. Radiopedia:absent-bow-tie-sign Contusions of both surfaces of the joint. kissing edema trak TRAK:0001623 kissing oedema TRAK:0001623 Happening or arising without apparent external cause. RADLEX:RID5666 UMLS_CUI:C0205359 spontaneously trak TRAK:0001624 spontaneous TRAK:0001624 Happening or arising without apparent external cause. UMLS:C0205359 Second or inferior in order of time, place or importance. Derived from or consequent to a primary event or thing. PATO:0002532 trak TRAK:0001625 secondary TRAK:0001625 Pes anserinus refers to the conjoined tendons of three muscles that insert onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia. goose foot pes anserinus tendons trak TRAK:0001626 pes anserinus TRAK:0001626 Pes anserinus refers to the conjoined tendons of three muscles that insert onto the anteromedial surface of the proximal extremity of the tibia. Wikipedia:Pes_anserinus_%28leg%29 A spatial quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's spatial positioning with respect to an additional entity. PATO:0001652 RADLEX:RID38801 UMLS_CUI:C1706765 trak TRAK:0001627 alignment TRAK:0001627 A lack of occurrence or performance. UMLS_CUI:C0231174 trak TRAK:0001628 failure TRAK:0001628 A lack of occurrence or performance. UMLS:C0231174 The condition of being vascular. trak TRAK:0001629 vascularity TRAK:0001629 Reconversion of bone marrow is a reverse process of natural replacement of red marrow by yellow marrow. red bone marrow conversion red bone marrow reconversion red marrow conversion trak TRAK:0001630 red marrow reconversion TRAK:0001630 Slanting or inclined in direction or course or position; neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angular. UMLS_CUI:C0205315 trak TRAK:0001631 oblique TRAK:0001631 Slanting or inclined in direction or course or position; neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angular. UMLS:C0205315 Fibrillation a softening and formation of gaps in the cartilage of a joint. chondral fibrillation trak TRAK:0001632 cartilage fibrillation TRAK:0001632 Holding or containing nothing. UMLS_CUI:C1880497 near empty trak TRAK:0001633 empty TRAK:0001633 Holding or containing nothing. UMLS:C1880497 The flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel. UMLS_CUI: bleed bleeding blood loss hemorrhage trak TRAK:0001634 haemorrhage TRAK:0001634 The flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel. UMLS:C0019080 Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. FMA:86140 UMLS_CUI:C0933807 segment of organ trak TRAK:0001635 organ segment TRAK:0001635 Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. FMA:86140 Synovial plicae represent inward folds of the synovial lining of the knee joint capsule. trak TRAK:0001636 synovial plica TRAK:0001636 superior patella plica trak TRAK:0001637 suprapatellar plica TRAK:0001637 trak TRAK:0001638 medial patellar plica TRAK:0001638 ligamentum mucosum trak TRAK:0001639 infrapatellar plica TRAK:0001639 trak TRAK:0001640 lateral patellar plica TRAK:0001640 14:12:2012 11:25 trak 1.2 true Produces a direct effect on. Implied here is the altering or influencing of an existing condition, state, situation, or entity. UMLS_TN:R3.1 UMLS_TUI:T151 trak affects affects affects Produces a direct effect on. Implied here is the altering or influencing of an existing condition, state, situation, or entity. UMLS:T151 Takes place in or happens under given conditions, circumstances, or time periods, or in a given location or population. This includes appears in, transpires, comes about, is present in, and exists in. UMLS_TN:R3.4 UMLS_TUI:T152 trak occurs_in occurs_in occurs_in Takes place in or happens under given conditions, circumstances, or time periods, or in a given location or population. This includes appears in, transpires, comes about, is present in, and exists in. UMLS:T152 Employs in the carrying out of some activity. This includes applies, utilizes, employs and avails. UMLS_TN:R3.5 UMLS_TUI:T155 trak uses uses uses Employs in the carrying out of some activity. This includes applies, utilizes, employs and avails. UMLS:T155 Ascertains or marks the dimensions, quantity, degree or capacity of. UMLS_TN:R5.5 UMLS_TUI:T162 trak measures measures measures Ascertains or marks the dimensions, quantity, degree or capacity of. UMLS:T162 Distinguishes or identifies the nature or characteristics of. UMLS_TN:R5.6 UMLS_TUI:T163 trak diagnoses diagnoses diagnoses Distinguishes or identifies the nature or characteristics of. UMLS:T163 Executes, accomplishes, or achieves an activity. UMLS_TN:R3.3 UMLS_TUI:T188 trak performs performs performs Executes, accomplishes, or achieves an activity. UMLS:T188 trak branch_of branch_of Carried out on someone or something as in a procedure. trak performed_on performed_on